TY - JOUR T1 - Endocrine effects of prenatal exposure to PCBs, dioxins, and other xenobiotics: implications for policy and future research. AN - 77810434; 7895708 AB - Recent reports have suggested that environmental chemicals may be associated with endocrine alterations in people, wildlife, and experimental animals. Pharmacological investigations as well as natural poisoning episodes have led to the association between exogenous chemicals and alterations in multiple hormonal systems. Persistent environmental contaminants such as dioxins and PCBs have been shown to modulate the activities of several different hormones. The unborn child or the neonate may be at special risk from these chemicals because of rapid growth and development, in addition to enhanced exposure. Because most exposure to these persistent chemicals is via food, changes in dietary habits and/or reduced contamination of the food supply may be required. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/08// PY - 1994 DA - August 1994 SP - 676 EP - 679 VL - 102 IS - 8 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Dioxins KW - 0 KW - Pesticides KW - Xenobiotics KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - Pesticides -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Endocrine Glands -- drug effects KW - Pesticides -- adverse effects KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Maternal Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Dioxins -- metabolism KW - Dioxins -- adverse effects KW - Fetal Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Xenobiotics -- metabolism KW - Xenobiotics -- adverse effects KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- metabolism KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- adverse effects KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77810434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Endocrine+effects+of+prenatal+exposure+to+PCBs%2C+dioxins%2C+and+other+xenobiotics%3A+implications+for+policy+and+future+research.&rft.au=Birnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Birnbaum&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1994-08-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=676&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-04-24 N1 - Date created - 1995-04-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Am J Epidemiol. 1992 Dec 15;136(12):1423-36 [1288272] Reprod Toxicol. 1993 May-Jun;7(3):237-48 [8318755] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Jul;101 Suppl 2:65-71 [7902273] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1993 Nov;21(4):433-41 [8253297] Crit Rev Toxicol. 1993;23(3):283-335 [8260069] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Oct;101(5):372-7 [8119245] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Oct;101(5):378-84 [8080506] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Oct;101(5):386-7 [8119246] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Nov;101(6):504-8 [8137779] Qual Assur. 1991 Oct;1(1):70-81 [1669971] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Dec;101(7):618-20 [8143594] Crit Rev Toxicol. 1994;24(1):1-74 [8172651] Science. 1975 Dec 5;190(4218):991-2 [242076] N Engl J Med. 1971 Apr 15;284(15):878-81 [5549830] Pharmacol Toxicol. 1991 Dec;69(6):400-9 [1766914] BMJ. 1992 Sep 12;305(6854):609-13 [1393072] JAMA. 1992 Dec 9;268(22):3213-8 [1433761] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1990 May-Jun;12(3):239-48 [2115098] Toxicology. 1990 Apr 30;61(3):249-57 [2109905] J Pediatr. 1990 Jan;116(1):38-45 [2104928] Mol Pharmacol. 1988 Jan;33(1):120-6 [3122017] Environ Health Perspect. 1985 Feb;59:5-10 [3921364] Biochem Pharmacol. 1978;27(20):2417-23 [728194] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon monoxide exposures inside an automobile traveling on an urban arterial highway. AN - 76732931; 7921891 AB - Carbon monoxide (CO) exposures were measured inside a motor vehicle during 88 standardized drives on a major urban arterial highway, El Camino Real (traffic volume of 30,500-45,000 vehicles per day), over a 13-1/2 month period. On each trip (lasting between 31 and 61 minutes), the test vehicle drove the same 5.9-mile segment of roadway in both directions, for a total of 11.8 miles, passing through 20 intersections with traffic lights (10 in each direction) in three California cities (Menlo Park, Palo Alto, and Los Altos). Earlier tests showed that the test vehicle was free of CO intrusion. For the 88 trips, the mean CO concentration was 9.8 ppm, with a standard deviation of 5.8 ppm. Of nine covariates that were examined to explain the variability in the mean CO exposures observed on the 88 trips (ambient CO at two fixed stations, atmospheric stability, seasonal trend function, time of day, average surrounding vehicle count, trip duration, proportion of time stopped at lights, and instrument type), a fairly strong seasonal trend was found. A model consisting of only a single measure of traffic volume and a seasonal trend component had substantial predictive power (R2 = 0.68); by contrast, the ambient CO levels, although partially correlated with average exposures, contributed comparatively little predictive power to the model. The CO exposures experienced while drivers waited at the red lights at an intersection ranged from 6.8 to 14.9 ppm and differed considerably from intersection to intersection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Air & waste : journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Ott, W AU - Switzer, P AU - Willits, N AD - U.S. EPA, Stanford, CA. Y1 - 1994/08// PY - 1994 DA - August 1994 SP - 1010 EP - 1018 VL - 44 IS - 8 SN - 1073-161X, 1073-161X KW - Carbon Monoxide KW - 7U1EE4V452 KW - Index Medicus KW - Urban Health KW - Humans KW - Seasons KW - Time Factors KW - Models, Biological KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Carbon Monoxide -- analysis KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Automobiles UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76732931?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Air+%26+waste+%3A+journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Carbon+monoxide+exposures+inside+an+automobile+traveling+on+an+urban+arterial+highway.&rft.au=Ott%2C+W%3BSwitzer%2C+P%3BWillits%2C+N&rft.aulast=Ott&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1994-08-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1010&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Air+%26+waste+%3A+journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=1073161X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-11-17 N1 - Date created - 1994-11-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil lead prevalence data AN - 1812214338; 2016-070965 JF - Abstracts of Papers - American Chemical Society, National Meeting AU - Brown, Samuel F AU - Clickner, Robert AU - Rogers, John AU - Oteyza, Julian Y1 - 1994/08// PY - 1994 DA - August 1994 SP - ENVR EP - 123 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 208 IS - 1-2 SN - 0065-7727, 0065-7727 KW - soils KW - concentration KW - pollutants KW - metals KW - pollution KW - lead KW - urban environment KW - measurement KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812214338?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.atitle=Soil+lead+prevalence+data&rft.au=Brown%2C+Samuel+F%3BClickner%2C+Robert%3BRogers%2C+John%3BOteyza%2C+Julian&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft.date=1994-08-01&rft.volume=208&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=ENVR&rft.isbn=0841228388&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.issn=00657727&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 208th Amrican Chemical Society national meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - concentration; lead; measurement; metals; pollutants; pollution; soils; urban environment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using theoretical descriptors in structure activity relationships; applications to soil adsorption and transport AN - 1812212206; 2016-071039 JF - Abstracts of Papers - American Chemical Society, National Meeting AU - Famini, George R AU - Lipnick, Robert L AU - White, William E AU - Oteyza, Julian Y1 - 1994/08// PY - 1994 DA - August 1994 SP - GEOC EP - 65 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 208 IS - 1-2 SN - 0065-7727, 0065-7727 KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - organic compounds KW - factors KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - pollutants KW - mathematical methods KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812212206?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.atitle=Using+theoretical+descriptors+in+structure+activity+relationships%3B+applications+to+soil+adsorption+and+transport&rft.au=Famini%2C+George+R%3BLipnick%2C+Robert+L%3BWhite%2C+William+E%3BOteyza%2C+Julian&rft.aulast=Famini&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=1994-08-01&rft.volume=208&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=GEOC&rft.isbn=0841228388&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.issn=00657727&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 208th Amrican Chemical Society national meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; chemical reactions; factors; mathematical methods; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; soils; solute transport; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ground water protection in OPP's new risk assessment paradigm AN - 1812212099; 2016-070974 JF - Abstracts of Papers - American Chemical Society, National Meeting AU - Behl, Elizabeth AU - Oteyza, Julian Y1 - 1994/08// PY - 1994 DA - August 1994 SP - AGRO EP - 31 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 208 IS - 1-2 SN - 0065-7727, 0065-7727 KW - models KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - data processing KW - data bases KW - pollution KW - risk assessment KW - pesticides KW - water resources KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812212099?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.atitle=Ground+water+protection+in+OPP%27s+new+risk+assessment+paradigm&rft.au=Behl%2C+Elizabeth%3BOteyza%2C+Julian&rft.aulast=Behl&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.date=1994-08-01&rft.volume=208&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=AGRO&rft.isbn=0841228388&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.issn=00657727&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 208th Amrican Chemical Society national meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - data bases; data processing; ground water; models; monitoring; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; regulations; risk assessment; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative mass spectral analysis of petroleum hydrocarbons during biodegradation AN - 1812212085; 2016-071080 JF - Abstracts of Papers - American Chemical Society, National Meeting AU - Kadkhodayan, Miryam AU - Henry, Charles B, Jr AU - Venosa, Albert D AU - Suidan, Makram T AU - Oteyza, Julian Y1 - 1994/08// PY - 1994 DA - August 1994 SP - GEOC EP - 109 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 208 IS - 1-2 SN - 0065-7727, 0065-7727 KW - biodegradation KW - sorption KW - asphalt KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - mass spectra KW - biomarkers KW - bitumens KW - organic compounds KW - chemical reactions KW - quantitative analysis KW - precipitation KW - hydrocarbons KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812212085?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.atitle=Quantitative+mass+spectral+analysis+of+petroleum+hydrocarbons+during+biodegradation&rft.au=Kadkhodayan%2C+Miryam%3BHenry%2C+Charles+B%2C+Jr%3BVenosa%2C+Albert+D%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T%3BOteyza%2C+Julian&rft.aulast=Kadkhodayan&rft.aufirst=Miryam&rft.date=1994-08-01&rft.volume=208&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=GEOC&rft.isbn=0841228388&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.issn=00657727&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 208th Amrican Chemical Society national meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - asphalt; biodegradation; biomarkers; bitumens; chemical reactions; hydrocarbons; mass spectra; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; quantitative analysis; reduction; sorption; spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Issues in regulatory protection of reproductive health in the workplace. AN - 77691581; 7831587 AB - Provisions of federal laws that protect reproductive health in the workplace and information on recent federal actions that seek to enhance such protection are reviewed. California's Birth Defects Prevention Act and its Proposition 65, regulatory programs that specifically address reproductive toxicity, also are described. JF - Occupational medicine (Philadelphia, Pa.) AU - Golub, M S AU - Chernoff, G F AD - Reproductive and Cancer Hazard Assessment Section, California Environmental Protection Agency, Sacramento 95814. PY - 1994 SP - 373 EP - 386 VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 0885-114X, 0885-114X KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - California KW - Fetus -- drug effects KW - Women, Working KW - Women's Health KW - Humans KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- prevention & control KW - Maternal Exposure KW - Male KW - Female KW - Risk Assessment KW - Pregnancy KW - Occupational Health -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Reproduction -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77691581?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Occupational+medicine+%28Philadelphia%2C+Pa.%29&rft.atitle=Issues+in+regulatory+protection+of+reproductive+health+in+the+workplace.&rft.au=Golub%2C+M+S%3BChernoff%2C+G+F&rft.aulast=Golub&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-07-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=373&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Occupational+medicine+%28Philadelphia%2C+Pa.%29&rft.issn=0885114X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-02-17 N1 - Date created - 1995-02-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sediment core versus grab samples: evaluation of contamination and toxicity at a DDT-contaminated site. AN - 76806496; 7525217 AB - Four sites from a stream system near Huntsville, Alabama, contaminated with DDT and its metabolites, were sampled using a coring device. Grab samples were also collected at these and five other sites. Analytical and toxicological evaluations were made on both sets of samples. Core samples provided vertical delineation of toxicity and contamination in sediments, and documented periods of sedimentation with clean material, which appears to be isolating the contaminated sediments from benthic communities. Grab samples yielded less information about the sites. Relationships between DDT concentration and sediment toxicity to Chironomus tentans were similar regardless of the sampling method. Substantial increases in toxicity occurred in most samples when concentrations exceeded 3000 micrograms of DDT residue/g organic carbon. JF - Ecotoxicology and environmental safety AU - West, C W AU - Phipps, G L AU - Hoke, R A AU - Goldenstein, T A AU - VanderMeiden, F M AU - Kosian, P A AU - Ankley, G T AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory, Duluth, Minnesota 55804. Y1 - 1994/07// PY - 1994 DA - July 1994 SP - 208 EP - 220 VL - 28 IS - 2 SN - 0147-6513, 0147-6513 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene KW - 4M7FS82U08 KW - DDT KW - CIW5S16655 KW - Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane KW - V14159DF29 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Chironomidae KW - Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene -- analysis KW - Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane -- analysis KW - Chromatography, Gas KW - Isomerism KW - Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane -- toxicity KW - Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene -- toxicity KW - Alabama KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - DDT -- toxicity KW - DDT -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76806496?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+and+environmental+safety&rft.atitle=Sediment+core+versus+grab+samples%3A+evaluation+of+contamination+and+toxicity+at+a+DDT-contaminated+site.&rft.au=West%2C+C+W%3BPhipps%2C+G+L%3BHoke%2C+R+A%3BGoldenstein%2C+T+A%3BVanderMeiden%2C+F+M%3BKosian%2C+P+A%3BAnkley%2C+G+T&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-07-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=208&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+and+environmental+safety&rft.issn=01476513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-12-27 N1 - Date created - 1994-12-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chloroethylmethanesulfonate-induced effects on the epididymis seem unrelated to altered Leydig cell function. AN - 76737575; 7918878 AB - Decades ago it was reported that when male rats were exposed to chloroethylmethanesulfonate (CEMS) for 5 days prior to weekly matings with untreated females, the second mating resulted in reduced litter size. Since fertility was not assessed at earlier time points, it was not possible to determine whether CEMS exerted any effects on sperm in the epididymis. In this study, we used a 4-day exposure and assessed multiple reproductive endpoints on Day 5 to characterize effects of CEMS exposure (6.25-25 mg/kg) on Leydig cells and the epididymis. Exposure to CEMS caused a dose-related decline in serum testosterone (T) levels. This occurred at a dose lower than that required to decrease T production in vitro by testicular parenchyma. The in vitro decline was not attributed to a decrease in maximal hCG-stimulated T production, but to a decrease in unstimulated T production. CEMS was 5-fold less sensitive than ethane dimethanesulfonate (EDS) in reducing maximal hCG-stimulated T production. To control for alterations in the epididymis resulting from decreased serum T alone, T was implanted in CEMS-treated animals to maintain serum T at a concentration similar to that found in normal rats. This exogenous T failed to prevent the CEMS-induced decrease in the weight of the caput/corpus epididymidis but did prevent the CEMS-induced decrease in seminal vesicle weight. Implantation of T failed to prevent the CEMS-induced reduction in sperm reserves in the cauda epididymidis, and it failed to prevent the CEMS-induced alterations in the histology of both the corpus and proximal cauda epididymidis. The height of the epithelium in both of these regions was increased, and clear cells disappeared from the proximal cauda epididymidis. These results demonstrate that CEMS might alter the ability of the Leydig cell to respond to LH stimulation in vivo, and that alterations in the structure and function of the epididymis occur even when the serum concentration of T is maintained. JF - Biology of reproduction AU - Klinefelter, G R AU - Laskey, J W AU - Kelce, W R AU - Ferrell, J AU - Roberts, N L AU - Suarez, J D AU - Slott, V AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Developmental Toxicology Division, Health Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/07// PY - 1994 DA - July 1994 SP - 82 EP - 91 VL - 51 IS - 1 SN - 0006-3363, 0006-3363 KW - Alkanesulfonates KW - 0 KW - Alkylating Agents KW - Chorionic Gonadotropin KW - Mesylates KW - Testosterone KW - 3XMK78S47O KW - Luteinizing Hormone KW - 9002-67-9 KW - ethylene dimethanesulfonate KW - EW8V7BJ66Q KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Luteinizing Hormone -- pharmacology KW - Epithelium -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Chorionic Gonadotropin -- pharmacology KW - Testosterone -- blood KW - Epithelium -- physiology KW - Lysosomes -- ultrastructure KW - Epithelium -- ultrastructure KW - Male KW - Mesylates -- pharmacology KW - Leydig Cells -- physiology KW - Epididymis -- physiology KW - Alkylating Agents -- pharmacology KW - Alkanesulfonates -- administration & dosage KW - Epididymis -- drug effects KW - Leydig Cells -- drug effects KW - Epididymis -- ultrastructure KW - Alkanesulfonates -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76737575?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biology+of+reproduction&rft.atitle=Chloroethylmethanesulfonate-induced+effects+on+the+epididymis+seem+unrelated+to+altered+Leydig+cell+function.&rft.au=Klinefelter%2C+G+R%3BLaskey%2C+J+W%3BKelce%2C+W+R%3BFerrell%2C+J%3BRoberts%2C+N+L%3BSuarez%2C+J+D%3BSlott%2C+V&rft.aulast=Klinefelter&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-07-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=82&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biology+of+reproduction&rft.issn=00063363&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-11-23 N1 - Date created - 1994-11-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influenza virus host resistance models in mice and rats: utilization for immune function assessment and immunotoxicology. AN - 76652489; 8059441 AB - Each year influenza viruses are responsible for epidemic respiratory diseases with excess morbidity and mortality. The severity of influenza diseases ranges from mild upper respiratory tract infections to severe lower respiratory tract infections involving pneumonia, bronchiolitis and coincidental bacterial super-infections. The immune response to influenza viruses can be schematically divided into a cascade of non-specific and specific functions. These functions are involved at different well defined time points after infection. We describe in this manuscript three influenza models utilized in our laboratory: (i) a highly virulent influenza virus (influenza A/Hong Kong/8/68 (H3N2) virus) adapted to B6C3F1 mice, (ii) a mouse-adapted influenza A/Port Chalmers/1/73 (H3N2) virus, and (iii) a rat-adapted influenza virus (RAIV) model (influenza A/Port Chalmers/1/73 (H3N2)). This rat-adapted influenza model has been mainly utilized as a model to assess local immunotoxic effects of inhaled environmental pollutants such as phosgene. These host resistance models are also useful for assessing the effect of systemically-induced immunosuppression or immunomodulation by drugs or chemicals on the local pulmonary immune response to influenza virus. The comparison of these different models allowed two major conclusions: (a) viral replication and mortality are two different endpoints and are not necessarily linked (no mortality was observed with Port Chalmers virus in the mouse although the virus replicates to high titers in the lung with a kinetic pattern comparable to the one obtained with Hong Kong virus), (b) mortality, viral replication, and immune function assessment are different endpoints that can be used, depending on the question addressed. JF - Toxicology AU - Lebrec, H AU - Burleson, G R AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Health Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/07/01/ PY - 1994 DA - 1994 Jul 01 SP - 179 EP - 188 VL - 91 IS - 2 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Index Medicus KW - Virus Replication KW - Animals KW - Viral Plaque Assay KW - Kinetics KW - Antibody Formation KW - Species Specificity KW - Rats KW - Influenza A virus -- physiology KW - Influenza A virus -- growth & development KW - Influenza A virus -- immunology KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Mice KW - Orthomyxoviridae Infections -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76652489?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Influenza+virus+host+resistance+models+in+mice+and+rats%3A+utilization+for+immune+function+assessment+and+immunotoxicology.&rft.au=Lebrec%2C+H%3BBurleson%2C+G+R&rft.aulast=Lebrec&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1994-07-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-09-15 N1 - Date created - 1994-09-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 24-hour control of body temperature in rats. I. Integration of behavioral and autonomic effectors. AN - 76625259; 8048648 AB - Some studies suggest that the nocturnal elevation in core temperature (Tc) of the rat is mediated by an elevation in the set point. The role of set point can be assessed if behavioral effectors are measured simultaneously with other thermoregulatory effectors and Tc over a 24-h period. Selected ambient temperature (STa) and motor activity (MA) were measured in rats housed in a temperature gradient system with a 12:12-h photoperiod (lights on 0600 h). Tc and heart rate (HR) were monitored by telemetry. During the light phase, STa, Tc, HR, and MA were relatively stable with values 29.0 degrees C, 37.1 degrees C, 310 beats/min, and 1-2 m/h, respectively. During the light-to-dark transition there were abrupt elevations in Tc, HR, and MA but no change in STa. STa decreased during the dark phase and reached a nadir of 23 degrees C at 0500 h. All variables recovered to basal levels within 3-4 h after the onset of the light phase. Overall, autonomic effectors control the elevation in Tc during the onset of the dark phase while behavioral effectors have little if any role. Behavioral thermoregulation is important in two ways: 1) the selection of cooler Ta values at night to prevent an excess elevation in Tc and 2) a preference for cooler Ta values before the light phase to facilitate the recovery of Tc. JF - The American journal of physiology AU - Gordon, C J AD - Neurotoxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/07// PY - 1994 DA - July 1994 SP - R71 EP - R77 VL - 267 IS - 1 Pt 2 SN - 0002-9513, 0002-9513 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Heart Rate KW - Telemetry KW - Motor Activity KW - Temperature KW - Male KW - Circadian Rhythm KW - Body Temperature KW - Autonomic Nervous System -- physiology KW - Behavior, Animal UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76625259?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+physiology&rft.atitle=24-hour+control+of+body+temperature+in+rats.+I.+Integration+of+behavioral+and+autonomic+effectors.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-07-01&rft.volume=267&rft.issue=1+Pt+2&rft.spage=R71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+physiology&rft.issn=00029513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-09-01 N1 - Date created - 1994-09-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Repeated inhibition of cholinesterase by chlorpyrifos in rats: behavioral, neurochemical and pharmacological indices of tolerance. AN - 76598169; 7518512 AB - Previous work from this laboratory showed that daily s.c. injections of the organophosphate diisopropylfluorophosphate caused prolonged inhibition of cholinesterase (ChE) activity in whole blood and brain and downregulation of muscarinic receptors in the central nervous system; these changes were accompanied by progressive, persistent deterioration of working memory and motor function. Further, a single s.c. injection of the organophosphate insecticide chlorpyrifos (O,O',-diethyl O-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl phosphorothionate, CPF), caused neurochemical changes of the same magnitude and duration, but transient impairment of working memory and motor slowing. In the present study, weekly injections of CPF (0, 15, 30 or 60 mg/kg s.c.) inhibited ChE activity in whole blood of rats by 60% to 90% after 5 weeks; the highest dose also induced tremor, working memory impairment and motor slowing in daily delayed matching-to-position/visual discrimination tests. Reducing the CPF injection frequency to every other week relieved the inhibition of whole blood ChE activity (to 50%-75% of control) and ameliorated all the behavioral deficits. Reinstatement of weekly CPF injections (0, 15, 30, or 45 mg/kg) for 10 weeks inhibited whole blood ChE activity by 75% to 90%. Tremor was not observed during this period; however, motor slowing and working memory impairment persisted throughout the dosing period in all treated groups. Pharmacological evidence for tolerance to the muscarinic effects of CPF was observed on trial completion in the daily delayed matching-to-position/visual discrimination task: CPF-treated rats were supersensitive to scopolamine and subsensitive to pilocarpine. Nicotine reversed the reduction in trial completion associated with CPF. Changes in sensitivity to mecamylamine, d-amphetamine and haloperidol were not observed. Taken together, these studies indicate that inhibition of ChE activity by repeated injection of CPF produces a constellation of behavioral effects not evident after a single CPF treatment, even though both treatment regimens caused prolonged inhibition of ChE activity and downregulation of central muscarinic receptors. JF - The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics AU - Bushnell, P J AU - Kelly, K L AU - Ward, T R AD - Neurotoxicology Division, Health Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Y1 - 1994/07// PY - 1994 DA - July 1994 SP - 15 EP - 25 VL - 270 IS - 1 SN - 0022-3565, 0022-3565 KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Muscarinic KW - Tritium KW - 10028-17-8 KW - Oxotremorine KW - 5RY0UWH1JL KW - Quinuclidinyl Benzilate KW - 6581-06-2 KW - Cholinesterases KW - EC 3.1.1.8 KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - JCS58I644W KW - Index Medicus KW - Discrimination Learning -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Oxotremorine -- pharmacology KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Cholinesterases -- blood KW - Memory -- drug effects KW - Conditioning, Classical -- drug effects KW - Visual Perception -- drug effects KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Drug Tolerance KW - Quinuclidinyl Benzilate -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Muscarinic -- drug effects KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Down-Regulation -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Muscarinic -- physiology KW - Male KW - Receptors, Muscarinic -- metabolism KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Brain -- enzymology KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Chlorpyrifos -- pharmacology KW - Brain -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76598169?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.atitle=Repeated+inhibition+of+cholinesterase+by+chlorpyrifos+in+rats%3A+behavioral%2C+neurochemical+and+pharmacological+indices+of+tolerance.&rft.au=Bushnell%2C+P+J%3BKelly%2C+K+L%3BWard%2C+T+R&rft.aulast=Bushnell&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-07-01&rft.volume=270&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.issn=00223565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-08-15 N1 - Date created - 1994-08-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biotransformation of benzothiophene by isopropylbenzene-degrading bacteria. AN - 76581441; 8021182 AB - Isopropylbenzene-degrading bacteria, including Pseudomonas putida RE204, transform benzothiophene to a mixture of compounds. Induced strain RE204 and a number of its Tn5 mutant derivatives were used to accumulate these compounds and their precursors from benzothiophene. These metabolites were subsequently identified by 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. When strain RE204 was incubated with benzothiophene, it produced a bright yellow compound, identified as trans-4-[3-hydroxy-2-thienyl]-2-oxobut-3-enoate, formed by the rearrangement of cis-4-(3-keto-2,3-dihydrothienyl)-2-hydroxybuta-2,4-dieno ate, the product of 3-isopropylcatechol-2,3-dioxygenase-catalyzed ring cleavage of 4,5-dihydroxybenzothiophene, as well as 2-mercaptophenylglyoxalate and 2'-mercaptomandelaldehyde. A dihydrodiol dehydrogenase-deficient mutant, strain RE213, converted benzothiophene to cis-4,5-dihydroxy-4,5-dihydrobenzothiophene and 2'-mercaptomandelaldehyde; neither trans-4-[3-hydroxy-2-thienyl]-2-oxobut-3-enoate nor 2-mercaptophenylglyoxalate was detected. Cell extracts of strain RE204 catalyzed the conversion of cis-4,5-dihydroxy-4,5-dihydrobenzothiophene to trans-4-[3-hydroxy-2-thienyl]-2-oxobut-3-enoate in the presence of NAD+. Under the same conditions, extracts of the 3-isopropylcatechol-2,3-dioxygenase-deficient mutant RE215 acted on cis-4,5-dihydroxy-4,5-dihydrobenzothiophene, forming 4,5-dihydroxybenzothiophene. These data indicate that oxidation of benzothiophene by strain RE204 is initiated at either ring. Transformation initiated at the 4,5 position on the benzene ring proceeds by three enzyme-catalyzed reactions through ring cleavage. The sequence of events that occurs following attack at the 2,3 position of the thiophene ring is less clear, but it is proposed that 2,3 dioxygenation yields a product that is both a cis-dihydrodiol and a thiohemiacetal, which as a result of this structure undergoes two competing reactions: either spontaneous opening of the ring, yielding 2'-mercaptomandelaldehyde, or oxidation by the dihydrodiol dehydrogenase to another thiohemiacetal, 2-hydroxy-3-oxo-2,3-dihydrobenzothiophene, which is not a substrate for the ring cleavage dioxygenase but which spontaneously opens to form 2-mercaptophenylglyoxaldehyde and subsequently 2-mercaptophenylglyoxalate. The yellow product, trans-4-[3-hydroxy-2-thienyl]-2-oxobut-3-enoate, is a structural analog of trans-o-hydroxybenzylidenepyruvate, an intermediate of the naphthalene catabolic pathway; extracts of recombinant bacteria containing trans-o-hydroxybenzylidenepyruvate hydratase-aldolase catalyzed the conversion of trans-4-[3-hydroxy-2-thienyl]-2-oxobut-3-enoate to 3-hydroxythiophene-2-carboxaldehyde, which could then be further acted on, in the presence of NAD+, by extracts of recombinant bacteria containing the subsequent enzyme of the naphthalene pathway, salicylaldehyde dehydrogenase. JF - Journal of bacteriology AU - Eaton, R W AU - Nitterauer, J D AD - Environmental Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561. Y1 - 1994/07// PY - 1994 DA - July 1994 SP - 3992 EP - 4002 VL - 176 IS - 13 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - Benzene Derivatives KW - 0 KW - Thiophenes KW - benzothiophene KW - 073790YQ2G KW - cumene KW - 8Q54S3XE7K KW - Aldehyde Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.2.- KW - salicylaldehyde dehydrogenase KW - Hydro-Lyases KW - EC 4.2.1.- KW - trans-2-hydroxybenzylidenepyruvate hydratase-aldolase KW - Index Medicus KW - Aldehyde Oxidoreductases -- metabolism KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Hydro-Lyases -- metabolism KW - Pseudomonas putida -- metabolism KW - Thiophenes -- metabolism KW - Benzene Derivatives -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76581441?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+bacteriology&rft.atitle=Biotransformation+of+benzothiophene+by+isopropylbenzene-degrading+bacteria.&rft.au=Eaton%2C+R+W%3BNitterauer%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Eaton&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-07-01&rft.volume=176&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=3992&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-07-29 N1 - Date created - 1994-07-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Chromatogr. 1967 May;28(1):12-20 [6048432] Biochem J. 1969 Mar;112(1):12P-13P [5774492] Arch Biochem Biophys. 1971 Jan;142(1):394-6 [5545490] Appl Microbiol. 1975 Jun;29(6):722-5 [808164] J Bacteriol. 1977 Mar;129(3):1356-64 [845117] Jpn J Antibiot. 1977 Dec;30 Suppl:275-85 [612708] J Bacteriol. 1992 Dec;174(23):7542-54 [1447127] Gene. 1985;33(1):103-19 [2985470] J Bacteriol. 1986 Oct;168(1):123-31 [3019995] J Gen Microbiol. 1987 Sep;133(9):2473-6 [3448154] Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 1990 Mar;32(6):715-20 [1366542] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1991 May;57(5):1277-85 [1854192] J Bacteriol. 1982 Jul;151(1):48-57 [7085570] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential for seepage erosion of landslide dam AN - 50202914; 1994-053682 JF - Journal of Geotechnical Engineering AU - Meyer, William AU - Schuster, R L AU - Sabol, M A Y1 - 1994/07// PY - 1994 DA - July 1994 SP - 1211 EP - 1228 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, New York, NY VL - 120 IS - 7 SN - 0733-9410, 0733-9410 KW - United States KW - Skamania County Washington KW - Washington KW - North Fork Toutle River KW - Mount Saint Helens KW - erosion KW - stability KW - Castle Lake KW - seepage KW - ground water KW - models KW - Cascade Range KW - landslides KW - engineering geology KW - mass movements KW - dams KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50202914?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geotechnical+Engineering&rft.atitle=Potential+for+seepage+erosion+of+landslide+dam&rft.au=Meyer%2C+William%3BSchuster%2C+R+L%3BSabol%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1994-07-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1845&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Talanta&rft.issn=00399140&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGENDZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cascade Range; Castle Lake; dams; engineering geology; erosion; ground water; landslides; mass movements; models; Mount Saint Helens; North Fork Toutle River; seepage; Skamania County Washington; stability; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Combination of cancer data in quantitative risk assessments: case study using bromodichloromethane. AN - 76580294; 8029500 AB - There are often several data sets that may be used in developing a quantitative risk estimate for a carcinogen. These estimates are usually based, however, on the dose-response data for tumor incidences from a single sex/strain/species of animal. When appropriate, the use of more data should result in a higher level of confidence in the risk estimate. The decision to use more than one data set (e.g., representing different animal sexes, strains, species, or tumor sites) can be made following biological and statistical analyses of the compatibility of the these data sets. Biological analysis involves consideration of factors such as the relevance of the animal models, study design and execution, dose selection and route of administration, the mechanism of action of the agent, its pharmacokinetics, any species- and/or sex-specific effects, and tumor site specificity. If the biological analysis does not prohibit combining data sets, statistical compatibility of the data sets is then investigated. A generalized likelihood ratio test is proposed for determining the compatibility of different data sets with respect to a common dose-response model, such as the linearized multistage model. The biological and statistical factors influencing the decision to combine data sets are described, followed by a case study of bromodichloromethane. JF - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis AU - Velazquez, S F AU - McGinnis, P M AU - Vater, S T AU - Stiteler, W S AU - Knauf, L A AU - Schoeny, R S AD - Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268. Y1 - 1994/06// PY - 1994 DA - June 1994 SP - 285 EP - 291 VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Hydrocarbons, Halogenated KW - Trihalomethanes KW - bromodichloromethane KW - 7LN464CH2O KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Risk Factors KW - Mice KW - Likelihood Functions KW - Male KW - Female KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76580294?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Combination+of+cancer+data+in+quantitative+risk+assessments%3A+case+study+using+bromodichloromethane.&rft.au=Velazquez%2C+S+F%3BMcGinnis%2C+P+M%3BVater%2C+S+T%3BStiteler%2C+W+S%3BKnauf%2C+L+A%3BSchoeny%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Velazquez&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-08-08 N1 - Date created - 1994-08-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ozone-induced release of cytokines and fibronectin by alveolar macrophages and airway epithelial cells. AN - 76571868; 8023949 AB - Acute exposure of animals and humans to ozone results in decrements in lung function, development of airway hyperreactivity, inflammation, edema, damage to pulmonary cells, and production of several compounds with tissue damaging, fibrinogenic or fibrotic potential. The contribution of airway epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages to these processes is unclear. In this study we have directly exposed human alveolar macrophages and human airway epithelial cells to ozone in vitro and measured the cytotoxic effects of ozone, as well as the production of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8), and fibronectin, all of which are substantially elevated in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of humans exposed to ozone. Cells were grown on rigid, collagen-impregnated filter supports, and the interaction of cells with ozone facilitated by exposing them to the gas with medium below the support but no medium on top of the cells. The results show that, although macrophages are much more sensitive to ozone than epithelial cells, they do not produce increased amounts of IL-6, IL-8, or fibronectin following ozone exposure. In contrast, epithelial cells produce substantially more of all three proteins following ozone exposure, and both IL-6 and fibronectin are secreted vectorially. An immortalized human airway epithelial cell line (BEAS 2B) was used in these experiments since human airway epithelial cells are infrequently available for in vitro studies. Data from this study extend previous findings which suggest that the BEAS cell line is a useful model to study the interaction between airway epithelial cells and environmental toxicants. JF - The American journal of physiology AU - Devlin, R B AU - McKinnon, K P AU - Noah, T AU - Becker, S AU - Koren, H S AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park 27711. Y1 - 1994/06// PY - 1994 DA - June 1994 SP - L612 EP - L619 VL - 266 IS - 6 Pt 1 SN - 0002-9513, 0002-9513 KW - Cytokines KW - 0 KW - Fibronectins KW - Interleukin-6 KW - Interleukin-8 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Interleukin-8 -- biosynthesis KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Interleukin-6 -- biosynthesis KW - Cell Line KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- metabolism KW - Lung -- cytology KW - Ozone -- pharmacology KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Fibronectins -- metabolism KW - Cytokines -- metabolism KW - Lung -- metabolism KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- drug effects KW - Ozone -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76571868?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+physiology&rft.atitle=Ozone-induced+release+of+cytokines+and+fibronectin+by+alveolar+macrophages+and+airway+epithelial+cells.&rft.au=Devlin%2C+R+B%3BMcKinnon%2C+K+P%3BNoah%2C+T%3BBecker%2C+S%3BKoren%2C+H+S&rft.aulast=Devlin&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=266&rft.issue=6+Pt+1&rft.spage=L612&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+physiology&rft.issn=00029513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-07-29 N1 - Date created - 1994-07-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indoor air pollution and asthma. Results from a panel study. AN - 76536155; 8004290 AB - Although there is abundant clinical evidence of asthmatic responses to indoor aeroallergens, the symptomatic impacts of other common indoor air pollutants from gas stoves, fireplaces, and environmental tobacco smoke have been less well characterized. These combustion sources produce a complex mixture of pollutants, many of which are respiratory irritants. We report here results of an analysis of associations between indoor pollution and several outcomes of respiratory morbidity in a population of adult asthmatics residing in the Denver, Colorado, metropolitan area. A panel of 164 asthmatics recorded in a daily diary the occurrence of several respiratory symptoms, nocturnal asthma, medication use, and restrictions in activity, as well as the use of gas stoves, wood stoves, or fireplaces, and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. Multiple logistic regression analysis suggests that the indoor sources of combustion have a statistically significant association with exacerbations of asthma. For example, after correcting for repeated measures and autocorrelation, the reported use of a gas stove was associated with moderate or worse shortness of breath (OR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.11-2.32), moderate or worse cough (OR, 1.71; 95% CI, 0.97-3.01), nocturnal asthma (OR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.91-1.13), and restrictions in activity (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.0-2.16). Among this panel of relatively moderate to severe asthmatics, the respiratory irritants produced by several domestic combustion sources were associated with increased morbidity. JF - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine AU - Ostro, B D AU - Lipsett, M J AU - Mann, J K AU - Wiener, M B AU - Selner, J AD - California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley 94704. Y1 - 1994/06// PY - 1994 DA - June 1994 SP - 1400 EP - 1406 VL - 149 IS - 6 SN - 1073-449X, 1073-449X KW - Fossil Fuels KW - 0 KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Severity of Illness Index KW - Humans KW - Wood KW - Activities of Daily Living KW - Aged KW - Heating -- adverse effects KW - Logistic Models KW - Risk Factors KW - Seasons KW - Adult KW - Cooking KW - Health Services -- utilization KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution -- adverse effects KW - Surveys and Questionnaires KW - Incidence KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Urban Population KW - Colorado -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Asthma -- epidemiology KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- adverse effects KW - Asthma -- etiology KW - Asthma -- drug therapy KW - Asthma -- prevention & control KW - Asthma -- physiopathology KW - Population Surveillance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76536155?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.atitle=Indoor+air+pollution+and+asthma.+Results+from+a+panel+study.&rft.au=Ostro%2C+B+D%3BLipsett%2C+M+J%3BMann%2C+J+K%3BWiener%2C+M+B%3BSelner%2C+J&rft.aulast=Ostro&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=149&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1400&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.issn=1073449X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-07-15 N1 - Date created - 1994-07-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1994 Jun;149(6):1398-9 [8004289] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human exposure to complex mixtures of air pollutants. AN - 76526738; 8202929 AB - Human exposure to complex mixtures of polycyclic organic matter (POM) from the products of incomplete combustion contribute to the potential lung cancer risk in urban areas. The most ubiquitous emission sources outdoors in populated areas are residential motor vehicles and residential heating, while environmental tobacco smoke is usually the major combustion source in indoor air. In addition to these urban combustion sources, there are industrial and municipal sources that may also have a significant impact on human exposure to carcinogenic agents due to their high DNA adduct and tumor initiating potency. This review focuses on new approaches to assess human exposure to POM using source apportionment, personal exposure monitoring, and biomarker methods. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Lewtas, J AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/06// PY - 1994 DA - June 1994 SP - 163 EP - 169 VL - 72 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Biomarkers, Tumor KW - Carcinogens KW - Polycyclic Compounds KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Biomarkers, Tumor -- analysis KW - Lung Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76526738?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=Human+exposure+to+complex+mixtures+of+air+pollutants.&rft.au=Lewtas%2C+J&rft.aulast=Lewtas&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-07-07 N1 - Date created - 1994-07-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hierarchical modeling of groundwater in support of nonpoint-source pollution assessment in Chesapeake Bay ground/watersheds AN - 52169483; 2001-079081 JF - Chesapeake Research Consortium Publication AU - Kraemer, Stephen R AU - Kerr, Robert S AU - Bachman, L Joseph A2 - Hill, Paula A2 - Nelson, Steve Y1 - 1994/06// PY - 1994 DA - June 1994 SP - 701 VL - 149 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - water quality KW - Chesapeake Bay KW - watersheds KW - pollution KW - vegetation KW - nonpoint sources KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - models KW - ecology KW - aquatic environment KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52169483?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chesapeake+Research+Consortium+Publication&rft.atitle=Hierarchical+modeling+of+groundwater+in+support+of+nonpoint-source+pollution+assessment+in+Chesapeake+Bay+ground%2Fwatersheds&rft.au=Kraemer%2C+Stephen+R%3BKerr%2C+Robert+S%3BBachman%2C+L+Joseph&rft.aulast=Kraemer&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=149&rft.issue=&rft.spage=701&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chesapeake+Research+Consortium+Publication&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Toward a sustainable watershed; the Chesapeake experiment N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05079 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; Atlantic Coastal Plain; bioremediation; Chesapeake Bay; ecology; ground water; hydrology; models; nonpoint sources; pollution; remediation; United States; vegetation; water quality; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wide-spread and systematic errors in the analysis of soils for polychlorinated biphenyls; Part 2, Comparison of extraction systems AN - 50190439; 1995-009184 JF - Analyst (London) AU - Kimbrough, David Eugene AU - Chin, Rustum AU - Wakakuwa, Janice Y1 - 1994/06// PY - 1994 DA - June 1994 SP - 1283 EP - 1292 PB - The Chemical Society, Cambridge VL - 119 IS - 6 SN - 0003-2654, 0003-2654 KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - concentration KW - chemical analysis KW - detection limit KW - pollutants KW - interlaboratory comparison KW - PCBs KW - pollution KW - gas chromatography KW - sample preparation KW - organic compounds KW - solvents KW - detection KW - stochastic processes KW - sampling KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - chemical composition KW - accuracy KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50190439?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analyst+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Wide-spread+and+systematic+errors+in+the+analysis+of+soils+for+polychlorinated+biphenyls%3B+Part+2%2C+Comparison+of+extraction+systems&rft.au=Kimbrough%2C+David+Eugene%3BChin%2C+Rustum%3BWakakuwa%2C+Janice&rft.aulast=Kimbrough&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analyst+%28London%29&rft.issn=00032654&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - Document feature - 13 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ANALAO N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; chemical analysis; chemical composition; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; detection; detection limit; gas chromatography; halogenated hydrocarbons; interlaboratory comparison; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; sample preparation; sampling; soils; solvents; stochastic processes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wide-spread and systematic errors in the analysis of soils for polychlorinated biphenyls; Part 1, A review of inter-laboratory studies AN - 50190410; 1995-009183 JF - Analyst (London) AU - Kimbrough, David Eugene AU - Chin, Rustum AU - Wakakuwa, Janice Y1 - 1994/06// PY - 1994 DA - June 1994 SP - 1277 EP - 1281 PB - The Chemical Society, Cambridge VL - 119 IS - 6 SN - 0003-2654, 0003-2654 KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - concentration KW - chemical analysis KW - detection limit KW - pollutants KW - interlaboratory comparison KW - PCBs KW - gas chromatograms KW - pollution KW - gas chromatography KW - organic compounds KW - solvents KW - detection KW - stochastic processes KW - sampling KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - chemical composition KW - accuracy KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50190410?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analyst+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Wide-spread+and+systematic+errors+in+the+analysis+of+soils+for+polychlorinated+biphenyls%3B+Part+1%2C+A+review+of+inter-laboratory+studies&rft.au=Kimbrough%2C+David+Eugene%3BChin%2C+Rustum%3BWakakuwa%2C+Janice&rft.aulast=Kimbrough&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analyst+%28London%29&rft.issn=00032654&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Document feature - 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ANALAO N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; chemical analysis; chemical composition; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; detection; detection limit; gas chromatograms; gas chromatography; halogenated hydrocarbons; interlaboratory comparison; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; sampling; soils; solvents; stochastic processes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wide-spread and systematic errors in the analysis of soils for polychlorinated biphenyls; Part 3, Gas chromatography AN - 50188250; 1995-009185 JF - Analyst (London) AU - Kimbrough, David Eugene AU - Chin, Rustum AU - Wakakuwa, Janice Y1 - 1994/06// PY - 1994 DA - June 1994 SP - 1293 EP - 1301 PB - The Chemical Society, Cambridge VL - 119 IS - 6 SN - 0003-2654, 0003-2654 KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - concentration KW - chemical analysis KW - detection limit KW - pollutants KW - interlaboratory comparison KW - PCBs KW - pollution KW - gas chromatography KW - organic compounds KW - solvents KW - errors KW - detection KW - stochastic processes KW - sampling KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - chemical composition KW - accuracy KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50188250?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analyst+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Wide-spread+and+systematic+errors+in+the+analysis+of+soils+for+polychlorinated+biphenyls%3B+Part+3%2C+Gas+chromatography&rft.au=Kimbrough%2C+David+Eugene%3BChin%2C+Rustum%3BWakakuwa%2C+Janice&rft.aulast=Kimbrough&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+In+Vitro&rft.issn=08872333&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Document feature - 9 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ANALAO N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; chemical analysis; chemical composition; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; detection; detection limit; errors; gas chromatography; halogenated hydrocarbons; interlaboratory comparison; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; sampling; soils; solvents; stochastic processes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil washing treatability tests for pesticide-contaminated soil AN - 1722153215; 2015-097245 AB - The determination of cleanup levels at a CERCLA or RCRA site is often the single most important decision made by risk managers. This decision can have a major impact on the costs and time required for remediation, as well as on the selection of remedial technologies. The object of this article is to provide a critical review of the methods used by regulatory agencies and the regulated community to calculate chemical-specific cleanup goals for inactive hazardous waste sites, focusing on those cleanup goals that are designed to protect human health from the effects of chemicals. In addition to this analysis of historical methods that have been used, this article discusses some innovative solutions to the problem of calculating cleanup levels and presents an analysis of controversial topics related to cleanup levels currently under debate by regulatory agencies, industry, environmentalists, and legislative bodies. Abstract Copyright (1994), Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company. JF - Remediation (New York, NY) AU - Frederick, Raymond M AU - Krishnamurthy, S Y1 - 1994/06// PY - 1994 DA - June 1994 SP - 443 EP - 453 PB - John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY VL - 4 IS - 4 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - insecticides KW - concentration KW - technology KW - pollutants KW - heptachlor KW - herbicides KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - organochlorine pesticides KW - soil washing KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - decontamination KW - surfactants KW - pilot plants KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - pesticides KW - pH KW - dieldrin KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722153215?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.atitle=Soil+washing+treatability+tests+for+pesticide-contaminated+soil&rft.au=Frederick%2C+Raymond+M%3BKrishnamurthy%2C+S&rft.aulast=Frederick&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=443&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frem.3440040407 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291520-6831 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; decontamination; dieldrin; halogenated hydrocarbons; heptachlor; herbicides; insecticides; optimization; organic compounds; organochlorine pesticides; pesticides; pH; pilot plants; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soil treatment; soil washing; soils; surfactants; technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rem.3440040407 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of the intestinal microbiota in the activation of the promutagen 2,6-dinitrotoluene to mutagenic urine metabolites and comparison of GI enzyme activities in germ-free and conventionalized male Fischer 344 rats. AN - 76573919; 8019977 AB - After male germ-free and conventionalized Fischer 344 rats were administered per os (p.o.) 75 mg/kg 2,6-DNT, intestinal nitroreductase, beta-glucuronidase, and azo reductase activities were lower in the cecum and large intestine of germ-free animals. However, there was no significant difference in the small intestinal nitroreductase and azo reductase compared to the conventionalized counterparts. This indicated a potential mucosal source for the enzymes. Urines from germ-free rats (1144 +/- 64 revertants/ml) were less mutagenic than those from conventionalized animals (1467 +/- 171 revertants/ml) in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98 without S9. In the presence of S9, urine from conventionalized animals (894 +/- 56 revertants/ml) was more mutagenic than that from germ-free rats (686 +/- 60 revertants/ml). The presence of the intestinal flora plays an important role in the activation of 2,6-DNT but other metabolic pathways, such as the small intestinal mucosal and/or hepatic enzymes, are present that can generate excreted genotoxicants. JF - Cancer letters AU - George, S E AU - Chadwick, R W AU - Kohan, M J AU - Allison, J C AU - Williams, R W AU - Chang, J AD - Genetic Toxicology Division (MD 68A), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/05/16/ PY - 1994 DA - 1994 May 16 SP - 181 EP - 187 VL - 79 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3835, 0304-3835 KW - Dinitrobenzenes KW - 0 KW - Nitroreductases KW - EC 1.7.- KW - Glucuronidase KW - EC 3.2.1.31 KW - 2,6-dinitrotoluene KW - GG7FAV92MK KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Germ-Free Life KW - Nitroreductases -- metabolism KW - Glucuronidase -- metabolism KW - Intestine, Small -- metabolism KW - Intestine, Large -- metabolism KW - Intestine, Large -- microbiology KW - Intestine, Small -- microbiology KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Biotransformation KW - Male KW - Dinitrobenzenes -- urine KW - Dinitrobenzenes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Intestines -- metabolism KW - Intestines -- microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76573919?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+letters&rft.atitle=Role+of+the+intestinal+microbiota+in+the+activation+of+the+promutagen+2%2C6-dinitrotoluene+to+mutagenic+urine+metabolites+and+comparison+of+GI+enzyme+activities+in+germ-free+and+conventionalized+male+Fischer+344+rats.&rft.au=George%2C+S+E%3BChadwick%2C+R+W%3BKohan%2C+M+J%3BAllison%2C+J+C%3BWilliams%2C+R+W%3BChang%2C+J&rft.aulast=George&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-05-16&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+letters&rft.issn=03043835&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-08-01 N1 - Date created - 1994-08-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exocrine pancreatic neoplasms in the mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus) from a creosote-contaminated site. AN - 76932260; 7817115 AB - A high prevalence of exocrine pancreatic neoplasms occurred in mummichog, Fundulus heteroclitus, from a creosote-contaminated site in the Elizabeth River, Virginia. A total of 20 neoplasms were found in a group of about 1,300 fish obtained at this site over a 2-yr period. Of 240 fish collected during October 1991, 3.3% had pancreatic neoplasms. Adjusted total lesion prevalence for large adult fish (Size Class III: total length = 75-85 mm; Size Class IV: total length > 85 mm) was 6.7%. Pancreatic neoplasms were not observed in 234 fish collected at this site during May 1991, nor were they found in 420 fish obtained during fall 1991 from 1 uncontaminated and 6 moderately contaminated localities. Lesions involved both mesenteric and intrahepatic exocrine pancreas and ranged from well-differentiated acinar cell adenomas to poorly differentiated acinar cell carcinomas. One fish had an atypical acinar cell focus. All specimens with pancreatic neoplasms also had hepatocellular lesions. This epizootic of exocrine pancreatic neoplasia is the first to be reported in a wild fish population. Based on chemical characterization of the site and limited experimental data on chemically induced pancreatic carcinogenesis in other small fish species, the neoplasms were probably caused by exposure of the mummichog to chemical carcinogens in their environment. JF - Toxicologic pathology AU - Fournie, J W AU - Vogelbein, W K AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Center for Marine and Estuarine Disease Research, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561. PY - 1994 SP - 237 EP - 247 VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0192-6233, 0192-6233 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Creosote KW - 8021-39-4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Adenoma -- veterinary KW - Carcinoma, Acinar Cell -- chemically induced KW - Carcinoma, Acinar Cell -- veterinary KW - Adenoma -- chemically induced KW - Pancreatic Neoplasms -- veterinary KW - Pancreatic Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Fish Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Fish Diseases -- pathology KW - Killifishes KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- adverse effects KW - Pancreatic Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Creosote -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76932260?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicologic+pathology&rft.atitle=Exocrine+pancreatic+neoplasms+in+the+mummichog+%28Fundulus+heteroclitus%29+from+a+creosote-contaminated+site.&rft.au=Fournie%2C+J+W%3BVogelbein%2C+W+K&rft.aulast=Fournie&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicologic+pathology&rft.issn=01926233&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-02-03 N1 - Date created - 1995-02-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synaptonemal complex aberrations in the pseudoautosomal region of X, Y chromosomes in irradiated hamsters. AN - 76764321; 7523835 AB - The effects of X-radiation, bleomycin and amsacrine (m-AMSA) on the meiotic chromosomes of male Armenian hamsters were determined by electron microscopic analysis of synaptonemal complex (SC) damage. Pachytene stage cells were analyzed 5 or 6 days following their treatment at putative preleptotene-leptotene stages of meiosis. Of the multiple types of SC aberrations observed to be significantly increased over control levels, lateral element breakage and synaptic anomalies were most prevalent. The focus of these studies was on the sex chromosomes which, in the Armenian hamster, reveal an unusually well-defined pseudoautosomal region. In the XY pair, radiation and chemical treatments caused certain forms of structural and synaptic anomalies which appeared to be preferentially localized to telomeric and/or crossover regions. The nature of these specific aberrations, involving breakage, bridge formation and asynapsis, is not well understood; however, their distributions are suggestive of possible relationships with sites and processes of crossing over. JF - Mutagenesis AU - Allen, J W AU - Poorman-Allen, P AU - Collins, B W AU - Sontag, M R AD - Genetic Toxicology Division (MD-68), US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/05// PY - 1994 DA - May 1994 SP - 259 EP - 267 VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 0267-8357, 0267-8357 KW - Amsacrine KW - 00DPD30SOY KW - Bleomycin KW - 11056-06-7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Amsacrine -- toxicity KW - Cricetulus KW - DNA Damage KW - Bleomycin -- toxicity KW - Microscopy, Electron KW - Male KW - Cricetinae KW - Y Chromosome -- ultrastructure KW - Synaptonemal Complex -- drug effects KW - Synaptonemal Complex -- radiation effects KW - X Chromosome -- radiation effects KW - Synaptonemal Complex -- genetics KW - X Chromosome -- drug effects KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - X Chromosome -- ultrastructure KW - Y Chromosome -- drug effects KW - Y Chromosome -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76764321?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Synaptonemal+complex+aberrations+in+the+pseudoautosomal+region+of+X%2C+Y+chromosomes+in+irradiated+hamsters.&rft.au=Allen%2C+J+W%3BPoorman-Allen%2C+P%3BCollins%2C+B+W%3BSontag%2C+M+R&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=259&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutagenesis&rft.issn=02678357&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-10-28 N1 - Date created - 1994-10-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indoor radon: a case study in risk communication. AN - 76722928; 7917448 AB - Two key questions have influenced the development and implementation of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) program to reduce the public health risks of indoor radon gas; the answers may also apply to other preventive health care programs. First, how can we best communicate risk? Risk communication research indicates that simple message, persuasion, and prescriptive guidance will best encourage citizens to protect themselves from voluntary risks (within the control of the individual), such as radon. However, scientists expect technical information, logical and unemotional appeals, and detailed explanations of uncertainty. An appropriate balance between the persuasive and the technical will encourage public action and assuage the scientific community. Second, what environmental health care problems should we focus on? Public concern with involuntary risks imposed by an external force, such as hazardous waste dumps, drive our environmental health agenda. Consequently, because government decision-makers respond to public perceptions and pressures, which they frequently support, the largest fraction of the government's resources and the most aggressive protection programs are typically reserved for environmental health problems that pose involuntary risks. The experience of the EPA's Radon Program suggests that major gains in public health protection could be achieved through communication that effectively persuades people to accept personal responsibility for preventing voluntary risks, such as radon, and a more informed dialogue between the scientific community and the public concerning national priorities for environmental health protection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - American journal of preventive medicine AU - Page, S D AD - Radon Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460. PY - 1994 SP - 15 EP - 18 VL - 10 IS - 3 Suppl SN - 0749-3797, 0749-3797 KW - Radon KW - Q74S4N8N1G KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Environmental Health KW - Humans KW - Awareness KW - Preventive Medicine KW - Research KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- adverse effects KW - Communication KW - Radon -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollution, Radioactive -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76722928?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+preventive+medicine&rft.atitle=Indoor+radon%3A+a+case+study+in+risk+communication.&rft.au=Page%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Page&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=3+Suppl&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+preventive+medicine&rft.issn=07493797&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-11-21 N1 - Date created - 1994-11-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spermatotoxicity of dibromoacetic acid in rats after 14 daily exposures. AN - 76682533; 8075514 AB - Halogenated acetic acids are major disinfection by-products of water chlorination and ozonation. Limited data in experimental animals indicate that repeated doses of dichloroacetic acid (DCA) or single doses of dibromoacetic acid (DBAA) cause testicular damage. In the present study, spermatotoxic effects were investigated in rats given oral doses of 0, 10, 30, 90, or 270 mg DBAA/kg/day for 14 days. In rats dosed with 270 mg/kg/day, there were marked effects on epididymal sperm motility and morphology including the flagellar fusion of 2 or more sperm. Testis weight, epididymis weight, and testicular sperm head counts were mildly reduced relative to control, whereas epididymal sperm counts were substantially decreased. Histologic changes in the testis included retention of Step 19 spermatids in Stages IX to XII, abnormal development of late spermatids, and the formation of atypical structures resembling residual bodies that were observed predominantly in Stages X to XIV and I of the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium. At the dosage of 90 mg/kg/day, effects on spermiation, spermatid development, epididymal sperm counts, sperm motility, and sperm morphology were less severe than at the higher dosage. Reduced caput sperm counts and mild effects on spermiation also occurred at 30 and 10 mg/kg/day. These studies indicate that subchronic exposure to DBAA has the potential to affect reproductive outcome in the rat. Compared to previous studies of DCA (12), DBAA, on a molar basis, appears to be a stronger testicular toxicant than the dichloro analogue. JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Linder, R E AU - Klinefelter, G R AU - Strader, L F AU - Suarez, J D AU - Roberts, N L AU - Dyer, C J AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. PY - 1994 SP - 251 EP - 259 VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Acetates KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - dibromoacetic acid KW - 631-64-1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Testis -- drug effects KW - Testis -- pathology KW - Male KW - Testis -- ultrastructure KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Spermatozoa -- drug effects KW - Spermatozoa -- pathology KW - Acetates -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76682533?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Spermatotoxicity+of+dibromoacetic+acid+in+rats+after+14+daily+exposures.&rft.au=Linder%2C+R+E%3BKlinefelter%2C+G+R%3BStrader%2C+L+F%3BSuarez%2C+J+D%3BRoberts%2C+N+L%3BDyer%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Linder&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-10-06 N1 - Date created - 1994-10-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Autonomic and behavioral thermoregulation in the golden hamster during subchronic administration of clorgyline. AN - 76579868; 8029282 AB - Chronic administration of clorgyline, a type-A monoamine oxidase inhibitor, leads to a decrease in peritoneal (i.e., core) temperature of golden hamsters. To better understand the mechanisms of clorgyline's thermoregulatory effects, autonomic and behavioral thermoregulatory effectors were measured in Syrian hamsters following chronic infusion of clorgyline via a minipump (2 mg/kg/day). Metabolic rate, evaporative water loss, motor activity, and core temperature were measured after 60 min of exposure to ambient temperatures (Ta) of 5, 20, 30, and 35 degrees C. Behavioral thermoregulatory responses were assessed by measuring selected Ta and motor activity of the same animals in a temperature gradient over the course of 23 h. Metabolic rate and motor activity were significantly elevated in clorgyline-treated hamsters exposed to a Ta of 5 degrees C. There were no effects of clorgyline on evaporative water loss. In the temperature gradient the mean selected Ta of clorgyline-treated hamsters was nearly equal to that of the saline-treated hamsters, 30.7 and 31.2 degrees C, respectively. On the other hand, the mode of selected Ta in the clorgyline group was 2.8 degrees C higher than that of the saline group. Motor activity in the gradient was significantly elevated and food consumption was depressed by clorgyline treatment. Overall, these findings indicate that chronic clorgyline treatment in the golden hamster results in novel autonomic and behavioral modification; it stimulates metabolic thermogenesis during cold exposure, but appears to increase the behavioral zone of thermoneutrality. This latter effect may mean an improvement in heat tolerance, suggesting that this drug might assist in the adaptation to warm temperatures. JF - Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior AU - Gordon, C J AU - Duncan, W C AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/05// PY - 1994 DA - May 1994 SP - 119 EP - 125 VL - 48 IS - 1 SN - 0091-3057, 0091-3057 KW - Clorgyline KW - LYJ16FZU9Q KW - Index Medicus KW - Eating -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Water Loss, Insensible -- drug effects KW - Infusion Pumps, Implantable KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Mesocricetus KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Cricetinae KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Clorgyline -- administration & dosage KW - Autonomic Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Clorgyline -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76579868?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacology%2C+biochemistry%2C+and+behavior&rft.atitle=Autonomic+and+behavioral+thermoregulation+in+the+golden+hamster+during+subchronic+administration+of+clorgyline.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J%3BDuncan%2C+W+C&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=119&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacology%2C+biochemistry%2C+and+behavior&rft.issn=00913057&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-08-10 N1 - Date created - 1994-08-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA updates its recent actions on sterilants made by 4 firms. AN - 76492610; 10133732 JF - Health facilities management AU - Fehrenbach, M P AD - EPA, Office of Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC. Y1 - 1994/05// PY - 1994 DA - May 1994 SP - 44 EP - 9 VL - 7 IS - 5 SN - 0899-6210, 0899-6210 KW - Disinfectants KW - 0 KW - Pesticides KW - Health administration KW - United States KW - Pesticides -- standards KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Disinfectants -- standards KW - Product Surveillance, Postmarketing KW - Sterilization -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76492610?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+facilities+management&rft.atitle=EPA+updates+its+recent+actions+on+sterilants+made+by+4+firms.&rft.au=Fehrenbach%2C+M+P&rft.aulast=Fehrenbach&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=44&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+facilities+management&rft.issn=08996210&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-06-22 N1 - Date created - 1994-06-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ah receptor in embryonic mouse palate and effects of TCDD on receptor expression. AN - 76487583; 8184424 AB - 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is the most potent member of a family of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons which are widespread environmental contaminants. In animals the adverse biological effects of TCDD include carcinogenesis, reproductive toxicity, immune function alteration, hyperkeratosis, hepatotoxicity, thymic involution, and teratogenesis. In the mouse embryo, TCDD induces cleft palate through a mechanism which involves altered differentiation and proliferation of the palatal cells, resulting in the failure of opposing shelves to fuse. Cleft palate induction by TCDD requires the Ah receptor. This study examines the expression of the Ah receptor in secondary palate of control and TCDD-exposed C57BL/6N embryos using in situ hybridization, Northern blots, and immunohistochemistry. Ah receptor protein expression was significantly higher in epithelial versus mesenchymal cells, and regional differences in expression within the epithelium were statistically significant. TCDD exposure was shown to downregulate Ah receptor mRNA and protein throughout the palatal shelf and this occurred at both the teratogenic dose and the dose which was not sufficient to produce cleft palate. This study represents the first demonstration of the tissue and cellular localization of the Ah receptor, raising questions about the extrapolation of results from cultured tumor cells to those observed in vivo. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Abbott, B D AU - Perdew, G H AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/05// PY - 1994 DA - May 1994 SP - 16 EP - 25 VL - 126 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - In Situ Hybridization KW - Blotting, Northern KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- drug effects KW - Immunoenzyme Techniques KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon -- drug effects KW - Palate -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon -- biosynthesis KW - Palate -- metabolism KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon -- genetics KW - Palate -- embryology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76487583?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Ah+receptor+in+embryonic+mouse+palate+and+effects+of+TCDD+on+receptor+expression.&rft.au=Abbott%2C+B+D%3BPerdew%2C+G+H%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=126&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=16&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-06-10 N1 - Date created - 1994-06-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A critical review of analytical approaches for petroleum contaminated soil AN - 50950915; 1995-068717 JF - ASTM Special Technical Publication. STP AU - Fan, Chi-Yuan AU - Krishnamurthy, S AU - Chen, Chien T A2 - O'Shay, Tracey A. A2 - Hoddinott, Keith B. Y1 - 1994/05// PY - 1994 DA - May 1994 SP - 61 EP - 74 PB - American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA VL - 1221 SN - 0066-0558, 0066-0558 KW - soils KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - concentration KW - chemical analysis KW - supercritical fluid extraction KW - pollutants KW - gasoline KW - underground storage tanks KW - gas chromatograms KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - solubility KW - petroleum products KW - sample preparation KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - oil spills KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - chemical composition KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50950915?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication.+STP&rft.atitle=A+critical+review+of+analytical+approaches+for+petroleum+contaminated+soil&rft.au=Fan%2C+Chi-Yuan%3BKrishnamurthy%2C+S%3BChen%2C+Chien+T&rft.aulast=Fan&rft.aufirst=Chi-Yuan&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=1221&rft.issue=&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=0803118988&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication.+STP&rft.issn=00660558&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Analysis of soils contaminated with petroleum constituents N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Document feature - 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ASTTA8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical analysis; chemical composition; concentration; detection; gas chromatograms; gasoline; hydrocarbons; leaking underground storage tanks; oil spills; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; sample preparation; sediments; soils; solubility; supercritical fluid extraction; techniques; underground storage tanks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - [methyl- super(3)H] Thymidine and [ super(3)H]leucine incorporation in Vibrio spp. grown in nutrient-limited continuous cultures AN - 15989594; 4072775 AB - Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio logei, Vibrio natriegens, and Vibrio neries were grown in nutrient-limited continuous cultures at generation times (T sub(D)) of 5-135 h on complex media with cell yields of 0.8-12 X 10 super(6) bacteria/mL. Average cell volume, as determined by image analysis of video fluorescence microscopy, decreased for V. logei and V. neries, did not change for V. alginolyticus, and increased for V. natriegens with increasing T sub(D). The increase in cell volume observed for V. natriegens was due to the development of filamentous cells. Batch cultures were grown on media with 10 times the nutrient concentration of continuous cultures. Tritiated thymidine incorporation was measured using phenol-chloroform extractions; leucine incorporation was measured in trichloroacetic acid precipitates. At concentrations of exogenous thymidine high enough to inhibit de novo synthesis of thymidine, the number of bacteria produced per mole of thymidine incorporated did not vary with changing generation time, or between batch and continuous cultures examined in this study. However, the number of bacteria produced per mole of leucine incorporated decreased per unit production with increasing T sub(D) for all four vibrios. A significant difference in the bacterial production conversion factor (bacteria produced per mole of label incorporated) for thymidine was found for V. neries relative to the three other Vibrio species, but no significant differences were found between growth conditions within species. Corrections for biovolume differences between species and growth rates reduced variability in conversion factors, and also yielded a significantly different conversion factor for V. neries. Conversion factors for leucine incorporation spanned three orders of magnitude, from 10 super(15) to 10 super(18) bacteria/mol of leucine incorporated (DBO). JF - Canadian Journal of Microbiology/Revue Canadienne de Microbiologie AU - Snyder, R A AU - Robarts, R D AU - Caldwell, DE AD - Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, c/o United States Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Research Laboratory, One Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1994/05// PY - 1994 DA - May 1994 SP - 375 EP - 381 VL - 40 IS - 5 SN - 0008-4166, 0008-4166 KW - thymidine KW - leucine KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - continuous culture KW - Vibrio KW - culture KW - A 01116:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15989594?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Microbiology%2FRevue+Canadienne+de+Microbiologie&rft.atitle=%5Bmethyl-+super%283%29H%5D+Thymidine+and+%5B+super%283%29H%5Dleucine+incorporation+in+Vibrio+spp.+grown+in+nutrient-limited+continuous+cultures&rft.au=Snyder%2C+R+A%3BRobarts%2C+R+D%3BCaldwell%2C+DE&rft.aulast=Snyder&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=375&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Microbiology%2FRevue+Canadienne+de+Microbiologie&rft.issn=00084166&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vibrio; continuous culture; culture ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Respiratory health effects of passive smoking: EPA's weight-of-evidence analysis. AN - 77829068; 7730859 AB - After an extensive review and assessment of the scientific evidence on the respiratory health effects of passive smoking, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has determined that the widespread exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in the United States presents a serious and substantial public health impact. The Environmental Protection Agency concluded that environmental tobacco smoke causes lung cancer in adult nonsmokers and increases the risk for a variety of noncancer respiratory disorders, especially in children. This article reviews evidence presented in the Environmental Protection Agency's 1992 report on the respiratory health effects of passive smoking and responds to critical allegations levied by Gio Gori in his article "Science, policy, and ethics: the case of environmental tobacco smoke", appearing in the same issue of this journal. Several recent studies appearing since the cutoff date for inclusion in the EPA report are also discussed. JF - Journal of clinical epidemiology AU - Jinot, J AU - Bayard, S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 339 EP - 49; discussion 351-3 VL - 47 IS - 4 SN - 0895-4356, 0895-4356 KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Child KW - Lung Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- etiology KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77829068?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+clinical+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Respiratory+health+effects+of+passive+smoking%3A+EPA%27s+weight-of-evidence+analysis.&rft.au=Jinot%2C+J%3BBayard%2C+S&rft.aulast=Jinot&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+clinical+epidemiology&rft.issn=08954356&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-05-26 N1 - Date created - 1995-05-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental tobacco smoke: a public health conspiracy? A dissenting view. AN - 77796640; 7730858 JF - Journal of clinical epidemiology AU - Farland, W AU - Bayard, S AU - Jinot, J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 335 EP - 7; discussion 351-3 VL - 47 IS - 4 SN - 0895-4356, 0895-4356 KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77796640?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+clinical+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Environmental+tobacco+smoke%3A+a+public+health+conspiracy%3F+A+dissenting+view.&rft.au=Farland%2C+W%3BBayard%2C+S%3BJinot%2C+J&rft.aulast=Farland&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=335&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+clinical+epidemiology&rft.issn=08954356&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-05-26 N1 - Date created - 1995-05-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gasoline-contaminated ground water as a source of residential benzene exposure: a case study. AN - 77120274; 7549473 AB - In a private residence using gasoline-contaminated ground water (approximately 300 micrograms/l benzene), a series of experiments were performed to assess the potential benzene exposures that may occur in the shower stall, bathroom, master bedroom, and living room as a result of a single 20-min, shower. Integrated fixed site SUMMA TM-polished canister and Tenax GC air samples were collected in the target microenvironments over 20, 60, and 240 min. periods. These results were compared with the long-term personal Tenax GC samples (6 h) and grab samples collected with glass, gas-tight syringes at 0, 10, 18, 20, 25, 25.5, and 30 min. Maximum benzene concentrations occurred in the shower stall (758-1670 micrograms/m3) and bathroom (366-498 micrograms/m3) during and immediately after the shower. Inhalation exposures in the shower stall during the 20-min. shower were 2.1-4.9 times higher than corresponding 20-min, bathroom exposures. The total benzene dose resulting from the shower was estimated to be approximately 281 micrograms, with 40% via inhalation and 60% via the dermal pathway. This total is 2 to 3.5 times higher than the mean inhalation dose received during a concurrent 6 h occupation of the house. These results indicate that domestic use of gasoline-contaminated water can produce relatively high benzene exposures that vary significantly according to an individual's proximity to the water use zone. The information in this document has been funded wholly or in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. The entire experiment was reviewed and approved by the Research Triangle Institute Human Subjects Review Committee. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Lindstrom, A B AU - Highsmith, V R AU - Buckley, T J AU - Pate, W J AU - Michael, L C AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Atmospheric Research and Exposure Assessment Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1994 SP - 183 EP - 195 VL - 4 IS - 2 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Gasoline KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants KW - Benzene KW - J64922108F KW - Index Medicus KW - Air Pollution KW - Baths KW - Humans KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Water Supply -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants -- analysis KW - Housing -- standards KW - Benzene -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77120274?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Gasoline-contaminated+ground+water+as+a+source+of+residential+benzene+exposure%3A+a+case+study.&rft.au=Lindstrom%2C+A+B%3BHighsmith%2C+V+R%3BBuckley%2C+T+J%3BPate%2C+W+J%3BMichael%2C+L+C&rft.aulast=Lindstrom&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-10-26 N1 - Date created - 1995-10-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Glucocorticoid receptor expression during the development of the embryonic mouse secondary palate. AN - 76680300; 8071426 AB - The role of glucocorticoids and their interaction with the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) during embryonic growth and development has been a topic of interest and research for many years. Glucocorticoids are known to be teratogenic, and administration of these compounds during pregnancy produces cleft palate in the offspring. In the mouse, induction of cleft palate correlates with the level of palatal glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression. However, the specific patterns of GR expression during critical stages of palatal morphogenesis remain to be examined. In the present study, GR expression was evaluated in the developing palates of C57BL/6N mouse embryos on gestation days (GD) 12, 13, 14, and 15 by both in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. On GD 12, GR mRNA was locally expressed in the region of palatal shelf outgrowth in both mesenchymal and epithelial cells, and GR was expressed uniformly throughout the developing shelf. A similar pattern of distribution occurred on GD 13 as the shelf became larger and elevated. By GD 14, GR was regionally expressed with higher levels in epithelial cells relative to mesenchyme. Chondrogenic regions strongly expressed GR. In different regions of oral and nasal epithelia localized patterns of expression were noted and may be related to differentiated state. Correspondingly, GR mRNA was expressed in epithelia and became regional in mesenchyme with abundant mRNA in regions of bone formation. On GD 15, oral and nasal epithelial cells showed mRNA, but mesenchymal levels were low except for chondrogenic regions. This pattern correlated with immunohistochemical localization of GR on GD 15. During palatogenesis the expression of mRNA correlated with immunodetectable GR peptide. GR localized initially within regions of active morphogenesis and subsequently within differentiating cells. This specificity of spatial and temporal expression supports the idea that GR is involved in regulation of regional growth and differentiation during palatogenesis. JF - Journal of craniofacial genetics and developmental biology AU - Abbott, B D AU - McNabb, F M AU - Lau, C AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. PY - 1994 SP - 87 EP - 96 VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0270-4145, 0270-4145 KW - RNA, Messenger KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid KW - Index Medicus KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Animals KW - In Situ Hybridization KW - Cleft Palate -- etiology KW - Morphogenesis KW - Mice KW - Epithelium -- metabolism KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Mesoderm -- metabolism KW - Time Factors KW - RNA, Messenger -- isolation & purification KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid -- genetics KW - Palate -- embryology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76680300?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+craniofacial+genetics+and+developmental+biology&rft.atitle=Glucocorticoid+receptor+expression+during+the+development+of+the+embryonic+mouse+secondary+palate.&rft.au=Abbott%2C+B+D%3BMcNabb%2C+F+M%3BLau%2C+C&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+craniofacial+genetics+and+developmental+biology&rft.issn=02704145&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-09-27 N1 - Date created - 1994-09-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of reduced protocols for carcinogenicity testing of chemicals: report of a joint EPA/NIEHS workshop. AN - 76624357; 8041916 AB - The current U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and other national/international guidelines specify the use of two species and two sexes rodents (usually the rat and the mouse) for carcinogenicity testing of chemicals. In view of the enormous number of chemicals to be tested, the high cost of testing, and the large number of animals used in the present protocol, many academic, industrial, and government authorities are examining the possibility of using a reduced protocol (less than two species and two sexes of rodents) for carcinogenicity testing of chemicals. The use of a reduced protocol offers many advantages as well as some disadvantages. To pursue further the potential implications and impacts of using a reduced protocol for carcinogenicity testing on the processes of hazard identification and risk assessment, a workshop entitled "Evaluation of Reduced Protocols for Carcinogenicity Testing of Chemicals" was held at the Embassy Suites Hotel in Alexandria, Virginia on September 22 and 23, 1992. It was cosponsored by EPA's Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances (OPPTS) and the National Toxicology Program of the National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences (NTP/NIEHS) and attended by more than 60 participants from government, industry, academia, and the general public. The Expert Consensus Panel and most of the participants supported the use of reduced protocols in carcinogenicity testing. However, it was recognized that reduced protocols may not be appropriate for the testing of all chemicals and that additional analyses/data may be needed for selection of the most appropriate reduced protocol for certain chemicals/chemical classes. JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Lai, D Y AU - Baetcke, K P AU - Vu, V T AU - Cotruvo, J A AU - Eustis, S L AD - Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460. Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 183 EP - 201 VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Rats KW - Evaluation Studies as Topic KW - Information Systems KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Mice KW - Male KW - Female KW - Carcinogenicity Tests -- standards KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Carcinogenicity Tests -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76624357?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+reduced+protocols+for+carcinogenicity+testing+of+chemicals%3A+report+of+a+joint+EPA%2FNIEHS+workshop.&rft.au=Lai%2C+D+Y%3BBaetcke%2C+K+P%3BVu%2C+V+T%3BCotruvo%2C+J+A%3BEustis%2C+S+L&rft.aulast=Lai&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-08-24 N1 - Date created - 1994-08-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dose-response assessment of airborne methyl isothiocyanate (MITC) following a metam sodium spill. AN - 76553109; 8008928 AB - A tank car derailment in northern California in 1991 spilled metam sodium into the Sacramento River, and released its breakdown product, methyl isothiocyanate (MITC), into the air. This paper describes the risk evaluation process used. Over 240 individuals reported symptoms such as eye and throat irritation, dizziness, and shortness of breath. Reference exposure levels (RELs) for 1 hr were developed for MITC and compared to exposure concentrations. Ocular irritation in cats was the most sensitive endpoint reported. The no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL), divided by an uncertainty factor (UF) of 100, produced an REL of 0.5 ppb of MITC in air to prevent discomfort. An REL to prevent disability was estimated to be 40 ppb. An REL to prevent life-threatening injury was estimated to be 150 ppb. Measured MITC levels ranged from 0.2-37 ppb and estimated peak levels ranged from 140-1600 ppb. The usefulness of RELs for emergency planning is discussed. JF - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis AU - Alexeeff, G V AU - Shusterman, D J AU - Howd, R A AU - Jackson, R J AD - Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley 94704. Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 191 EP - 198 VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Herbicides KW - Isothiocyanates KW - Thiocarbamates KW - methyldithiocarbamate KW - 144-54-7 KW - methyl isothiocyanate KW - RWE2M5YDW1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - California KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - Accidents KW - Maximum Allowable Concentration KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Emergencies KW - Herbicides -- adverse effects KW - Thiocarbamates -- chemistry KW - Isothiocyanates -- adverse effects KW - Herbicides -- analysis KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Isothiocyanates -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76553109?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Dose-response+assessment+of+airborne+methyl+isothiocyanate+%28MITC%29+following+a+metam+sodium+spill.&rft.au=Alexeeff%2C+G+V%3BShusterman%2C+D+J%3BHowd%2C+R+A%3BJackson%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Alexeeff&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-07-19 N1 - Date created - 1994-07-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organochlorine exposure estimation in the study of cancer etiology. AN - 76448306; 8162880 AB - This paper discusses sampling and design considerations relevant to the estimation of exposure to organochlorine compounds in epidemiological studies. We consider exposures measured directly via biomarkers of exposure in the body. It is critical for the design, implementation, and evaluation of studies that epidemiologists and biostatisticians be familiar with methodological issues relevant to the direct measure of exposure. Etiologic, toxicokinetic, quality control and quality assurance, and statistical sampling are discussed. Finally, the limitations of these studies and the need for complete reporting of methods are discussed. JF - Environmental research AU - Woodruff, T AU - Wolff, M S AU - Davis, D L AU - Hayward, D AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460. Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 132 EP - 144 VL - 65 IS - 1 SN - 0013-9351, 0013-9351 KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated KW - 0 KW - Insecticides KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Reference Standards KW - Confidence Intervals KW - Calibration KW - Quality Control KW - Insecticides -- metabolism KW - Insecticides -- adverse effects KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Insecticides -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- statistics & numerical data KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76448306?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+research&rft.atitle=Organochlorine+exposure+estimation+in+the+study+of+cancer+etiology.&rft.au=Woodruff%2C+T%3BWolff%2C+M+S%3BDavis%2C+D+L%3BHayward%2C+D&rft.aulast=Woodruff&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=132&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+research&rft.issn=00139351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-05-20 N1 - Date created - 1994-05-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cyclopenta[cd]pyrene-induced tumorigenicity, Ki-ras codon 12 mutations and DNA adducts in strain A/J mouse lung. AN - 76427497; 8149468 AB - Cyclopenta[cd]pyrene (CPP) is a ubiquitous cyclopenta-fused polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. CPP is highly genotoxic in bacterial and mammalian systems inducing gene mutations, sister chromatid exchanges and morphological transformation. CPP is a mouse skin carcinogen, a mouse skin tumor initiator and induces pulmonary tumors in newborn mice. We have examined the tumorigenic activity of CPP in strain A/J mice, have determined the formation and persistence of CPP-induced DNA adducts in lung tissue, and analyzed the mutational spectrum in the Ki-ras oncogene from CPP-induced tumors. CPP dissolved in tricaprylin was administered by i.p. injection to male A/J mice (20 mice/dose) at 0, 10, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg. Animals were killed 8 months later and the lungs removed, fixed, and surface adenomas enumerated. CPP proved to be highly tumorigenic in A/J mice in terms of inducing lung adenomas. The observed tumor multiplicities (lung adenomas/mouse) were: 97.7 +/- 28.7 at 200 mg/kg, 32.8 +/- 15.4 at 100 mg/kg, 4.63 +/- 2.11 at 50 mg/kg and 0.58 +/- 0.82 at 10 mg/kg. Tricaprylin-treated controls produced 0.60 +/- 0.58 lung adenomas/mouse. Groups of mice treated under the same dosing conditions as those in the tumor studies were killed 1, 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after treatment. The lungs were removed, and the DNA was subjected to DNA adduct analysis by the 32P-postlabeling method. Total CPP-DNA adducts in mouse lung peaked at day 3 with 5870 amol CPP adducts/micrograms DNA after a single dose of 200 mg/kg. DNA adduct levels decreased to 1800 amol CPP adducts/micrograms DNA at day 21. Qualitative DNA adduct analysis revealed four major adducts and one minor adduct. Co-chromatography of the lung DNA from CPP-treated mice with calf thymus DNA treated with CPP-3,4-oxide indicated that all DNA adducts were oxide derived and comparison with CPP-3,4-oxide-treated polydeoxyguanylic acid suggests that almost all of these adducts are CPP-3,4-oxide-2'-deoxyguanosine adducts. Ki-ras codon 12 mutation analysis of the DNA from tumors taken from the 100 and 200 mg/kg CPP dose groups demonstrated the following patterns: GGT-->CGT (50%); GGT-->GTT (15%); GGT-->TGT (25%); GGT-->GAT (10%). We conclude that CPP is highly tumorigenic in the A/J mouse lung adenoma model, being five times more active than benzo[a]pyrene. This is unlike the result of CPP as a mouse skin tumorigen or tumor initiator in which CPP is considerably less potent than benzo[a]pyrene.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Nesnow, S AU - Ross, J A AU - Nelson, G AU - Wilson, K AU - Roop, B C AU - Jeffers, A J AU - Galati, A J AU - Stoner, G D AU - Sangaiah, R AU - Gold, A AD - Carcinogenesis and Metabolism Branch (MD-68), Health Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 601 EP - 606 VL - 15 IS - 4 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Ki-ras KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - DNA Primers KW - DNA, Neoplasm KW - Pyrenes KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) KW - EC 3.6.5.2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mice, Inbred A KW - Animals KW - Base Sequence KW - Adenoma -- chemically induced KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - DNA, Neoplasm -- genetics KW - DNA -- chemistry KW - Mice KW - Male KW - DNA Primers -- chemistry KW - Genes, ras KW - Pyrenes -- toxicity KW - DNA Damage KW - Lung Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76427497?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Cyclopenta%5Bcd%5Dpyrene-induced+tumorigenicity%2C+Ki-ras+codon+12+mutations+and+DNA+adducts+in+strain+A%2FJ+mouse+lung.&rft.au=Nesnow%2C+S%3BRoss%2C+J+A%3BNelson%2C+G%3BWilson%2C+K%3BRoop%2C+B+C%3BJeffers%2C+A+J%3BGalati%2C+A+J%3BStoner%2C+G+D%3BSangaiah%2C+R%3BGold%2C+A&rft.aulast=Nesnow&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=601&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-05-12 N1 - Date created - 1994-05-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Gene symbol - Ki-ras N1 - SuppNotes - Erratum In: Carcinogenesis 1994 Jul;15(7):1471 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Host determinants of cellular and biochemical constituents of bronchoalveolar lavage fluids. Implications for design of epidemiologic studies. AN - 76419192; 8143053 AB - The effects of demographic characteristics, exercise, environmental exposures, and other host factors on cellular and biochemical constituents of human bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids were investigated by studying more than 300 specimens obtained from normal volunteers and assayed in a single center. The BAL data demonstrated associations with race, smoking, exercise, skin-test reactions, and blood constituents, and weak or no associations with age, sex, pulmonary function tests (PFT), or ambient ozone exposure. The effect of exercise was relatively strong and more clearly characterized than in previous studies. Smoking effects were similar to those observed in other studies; our ability to study age and ambient ozone effects was greatly limited because of the homogeneity of the population under study. Blood constituents of the subjects also showed an association with level of exercise. Analysis of intraindividual and interindividual variability in BAL constituents results suggested that matching, although desirable, is not essential for the maintenance of adequate statistical power in BAL studies, so observational studies of the effects from air pollution on BAL fluids in humans could be effectively conducted using cross-sectional designs. JF - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine AU - Everson, R B AU - Schreinemachers, D M AU - Devlin, R B AU - Koren, H S AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 899 EP - 904 VL - 149 IS - 4 Pt 1 SN - 1073-449X, 1073-449X KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Reference Values KW - Age Factors KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Sex Factors KW - Humans KW - Continental Population Groups KW - Smoking -- adverse effects KW - Exercise KW - Smoking -- epidemiology KW - Ozone -- adverse effects KW - Demography KW - Bronchoscopy -- methods KW - Adult KW - Adolescent KW - Female KW - Male KW - Research Design -- statistics & numerical data KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- chemistry KW - Epidemiologic Methods KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- cytology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76419192?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.atitle=Host+determinants+of+cellular+and+biochemical+constituents+of+bronchoalveolar+lavage+fluids.+Implications+for+design+of+epidemiologic+studies.&rft.au=Everson%2C+R+B%3BSchreinemachers%2C+D+M%3BDevlin%2C+R+B%3BKoren%2C+H+S&rft.aulast=Everson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=149&rft.issue=4+Pt+1&rft.spage=899&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.issn=1073449X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-05-04 N1 - Date created - 1994-05-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methanogenesis and sulfate reduction in chemostats; II, Model development and verification AN - 52799004; 1996-069599 JF - Water Research (Oxford) AU - Gupta, Ashutosh AU - Flora, Joseph R V AU - Sayles, Gregory D AU - Suidan, Makram T Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 795 EP - 803 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York VL - 28 IS - 4 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - degradation KW - waste water KW - landfills KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - iron KW - remediation KW - substrates KW - ferric iron KW - chemostat KW - acetic acid KW - toxicity KW - carboxylic acids KW - leachate KW - reduction KW - kinetics KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - sulfate ion KW - methane KW - gaseous phase KW - physicochemical properties KW - oxidation KW - effluents KW - pollution KW - hydrogen sulfide KW - alkanes KW - bioremediation KW - genesis KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - steady-state processes KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - waste disposal KW - SEM data KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52799004?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Methanogenesis+and+sulfate+reduction+in+chemostats%3B+II%2C+Model+development+and+verification&rft.au=Gupta%2C+Ashutosh%3BFlora%2C+Joseph+R+V%3BSayles%2C+Gregory+D%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T&rft.aulast=Gupta&rft.aufirst=Ashutosh&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=795&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00431354 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - 11 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WATRAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acetic acid; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; anaerobic environment; biodegradation; biogenic processes; bioremediation; carboxylic acids; chemostat; degradation; effluents; experimental studies; ferric iron; gaseous phase; genesis; hydrocarbons; hydrogen sulfide; iron; kinetics; landfills; leachate; metals; methane; microorganisms; organic acids; organic compounds; oxidation; physicochemical properties; pollution; reduction; remediation; SEM data; soils; steady-state processes; substrates; sulfate ion; toxicity; waste disposal; waste water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methanogenesis and sulfate reduction in chemostats; I, Kinetic studies and experiments AN - 52795762; 1996-069598 JF - Water Research (Oxford) AU - Gupta, Ashutosh AU - Flora, Joseph R V AU - Gupta, Munish AU - Sayles, Gregory D AU - Suidan, Makram T Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 781 EP - 793 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York VL - 28 IS - 4 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - degradation KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - iron KW - remediation KW - substrates KW - ferric iron KW - toxicity KW - reduction KW - kinetics KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - sulfate ion KW - methane KW - gaseous phase KW - physicochemical properties KW - oxidation KW - effluents KW - pollution KW - hydrogen sulfide KW - alkanes KW - genesis KW - organic compounds KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - steady-state processes KW - hydrocarbons KW - SEM data KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52795762?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Methanogenesis+and+sulfate+reduction+in+chemostats%3B+I%2C+Kinetic+studies+and+experiments&rft.au=Gupta%2C+Ashutosh%3BFlora%2C+Joseph+R+V%3BGupta%2C+Munish%3BSayles%2C+Gregory+D%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T&rft.aulast=Gupta&rft.aufirst=Ashutosh&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=781&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00431354 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WATRAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; biodegradation; biogenic processes; degradation; effluents; experimental studies; ferric iron; gaseous phase; genesis; hydrocarbons; hydrogen sulfide; iron; kinetics; metals; methane; microorganisms; organic compounds; oxidation; physicochemical properties; pollution; reduction; remediation; SEM data; steady-state processes; substrates; sulfate ion; toxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microwave-assisted extraction of organic compounds from standard reference soils and sediments AN - 50228907; 1994-043168 JF - Analytical Chemistry (Washington, DC) AU - Lopez-Avila, Victoria AU - Young, Richard AU - Beckert, Werner F Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 1097 EP - 1106 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 66 IS - 7 SN - 0003-2700, 0003-2700 KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - microwave methods KW - laboratory studies KW - sample preparation KW - organic compounds KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - chemical composition KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50228907?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%2C+DC%29&rft.atitle=Microwave-assisted+extraction+of+organic+compounds+from+standard+reference+soils+and+sediments&rft.au=Lopez-Avila%2C+Victoria%3BYoung%2C+Richard%3BBeckert%2C+Werner+F&rft.aulast=Lopez-Avila&rft.aufirst=Victoria&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1097&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%2C+DC%29&rft.issn=00032700&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; chemical composition; experimental studies; hydrocarbons; laboratory studies; microwave methods; organic compounds; organic materials; pollutants; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; sample preparation; sediments; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of background levels of contaminants AN - 50215928; 1994-050624 JF - Mathematical Geology AU - Singh, Anita AU - Singh, Ashok K AU - Flatman, George Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 361 EP - 388 PB - Plenum [for the] International Association for Mathematical Geology, New York-London VL - 26 IS - 3 SN - 0882-8121, 0882-8121 KW - robust confidence limits KW - multivariate analysis KW - pollutants KW - background level KW - statistical analysis KW - quality control KW - kriging KW - pollution KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50215928?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mathematical+Geology&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+background+levels+of+contaminants&rft.au=Singh%2C+Anita%3BSingh%2C+Ashok+K%3BFlatman%2C+George&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Anita&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=361&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mathematical+Geology&rft.issn=08828121&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MATGED N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - background level; kriging; multivariate analysis; pollutants; pollution; quality control; robust confidence limits; statistical analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Flow characteristics of the 1993 Missouri River flood determined from flood plain erosion and deposition, Kansas City to St. Louis AN - 50129997; 1995-054871 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Dohrenwend, J C AU - Stone, B D AU - Anderson, M AU - Derasary, L AU - Dohrenwend, K A AU - Laustrup, M AU - Miller, R AU - Owens, T AU - Tortorici, C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 180 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 75 IS - 16, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - Missouri River KW - imagery KW - geologic hazards KW - erosion KW - Missouri KW - floodplains KW - terraces KW - mud KW - sediments KW - floods KW - sand KW - clastic sediments KW - sedimentation KW - channels KW - silt KW - indicators KW - Missouri River valley KW - fluvial sedimentation KW - levees KW - Landsat KW - streamflow KW - deposition KW - classification KW - fluvial features KW - aerial photography KW - remote sensing KW - Midwest KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50129997?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Flow+characteristics+of+the+1993+Missouri+River+flood+determined+from+flood+plain+erosion+and+deposition%2C+Kansas+City+to+St.+Louis&rft.au=Dohrenwend%2C+J+C%3BStone%2C+B+D%3BAnderson%2C+M%3BDerasary%2C+L%3BDohrenwend%2C+K+A%3BLaustrup%2C+M%3BMiller%2C+R%3BOwens%2C+T%3BTortorici%2C+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dohrenwend&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=16%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=180&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1994 spring meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerial photography; channels; classification; clastic sediments; deposition; erosion; floodplains; floods; fluvial features; fluvial sedimentation; geologic hazards; imagery; indicators; Landsat; levees; Midwest; Missouri; Missouri River; Missouri River valley; mud; remote sensing; sand; sedimentation; sediments; silt; streamflow; terraces; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical modeling of the three-dimensional subsurface flow, and fate and transport of microbes and chemicals in saturated-unsaturated aquifers (3DFATMIC) AN - 50080826; 1995-067841 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Cheng, Jing-Ru AU - Yeh, Gour-Tsyh AU - Short, Thomas E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 145 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 75 IS - 16, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - solute transport KW - 3DFATMIC KW - 3DLEZOOMPC KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - chemical dispersion KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - advection KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - saturated zone KW - digital simulation KW - hydrodynamics KW - microorganisms KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50080826?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Numerical+modeling+of+the+three-dimensional+subsurface+flow%2C+and+fate+and+transport+of+microbes+and+chemicals+in+saturated-unsaturated+aquifers+%283DFATMIC%29&rft.au=Cheng%2C+Jing-Ru%3BYeh%2C+Gour-Tsyh%3BShort%2C+Thomas+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Jing-Ru&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=16%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1994 spring meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 3DFATMIC; 3DLEZOOMPC; advection; aquifers; chemical dispersion; data processing; digital simulation; ground water; hydrodynamics; microorganisms; numerical models; pollution; saturated zone; solute transport; three-dimensional models; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Proposed protocols for the determination of potential ocular effects of organophosphorus pesticides. AN - 76598711; 8027508 AB - The US Environmental Protection Agency now requires ocular toxicity testing to support the registration of organophosphorus pesticides. As a first step toward guideline development for the conduct of these studies, preliminary protocols for ocular toxicity testing in the non-rodent and rodent are being proposed by the Office of Pesticide Programs. Proposed protocol parameters include determination of animal health status, measurement of plasma, erythrocyte and retinal cholinesterase activities, ocular assessment by routine ophthalmological examination, slit lamp biomicroscopy, fundic observations, tonometry, electroretinography and determination of objective refractivity, pupillary response and tracking. Gross and detailed histopathological examinations of ocular system components would also be conducted. Associated questions and concerns with regard to ocular toxicity testing are presented. The Agency plans to hold a workshop in the near future to discuss issues related to protocol refinement and guideline development. JF - Journal of applied toxicology : JAT AU - Hamernik, K L AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460. PY - 1994 SP - 131 EP - 134 VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0260-437X, 0260-437X KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Organophosphorus Compounds KW - Cholinesterases KW - EC 3.1.1.8 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Cholinesterases -- blood KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Safety KW - Rats KW - Cholinesterases -- metabolism KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Dogs KW - Microscopy, Electron KW - Female KW - Male KW - Electroretinography KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Eye -- pathology KW - Eye -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76598711?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.atitle=Proposed+protocols+for+the+determination+of+potential+ocular+effects+of+organophosphorus+pesticides.&rft.au=Hamernik%2C+K+L&rft.aulast=Hamernik&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.issn=0260437X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-08-05 N1 - Date created - 1994-08-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of organophosphates on the visual system of rats. AN - 76593864; 8027509 AB - The possibility that exposure to organophosphate insecticides can lead to ocular damage is suggested by Japanese studies from the 1960s and 1970s indicating that exposed humans developed chronic ocular degeneration, in addition to showing more commonly accepted effects of cholinesterase-inhibiting compounds. Other papers reported ocular lesions in laboratory animals treated with organophosphates. More recently, retinal degeneration following chronic organophosphate treatment has been reported to the Environmental Protection Agency by pesticide manufacturers in studies conducted in compliance with good laboratory practice regulations. Several factors, however, have prompted scepticism regarding organophosphate-induced ocular toxicity, including the widespread use of organophosphate compounds for both agricultural and ophthalmological practices without numerous additional reports of comparable ocular toxicity. We are developing a research program to address these issues involving electrophysiological, biochemical and histological investigations of rats treated with organophosphate insecticides. The research program is young, but early results are available. Notably, retinas from rats treated with a single subcutaneous injection of 100 mg kg-1 fenthion showed decreases in carbachol-stimulated release of inositol phosphate, an indicator of cholinergically-mediated intracellular second messenger systems. These effects persisted at least 56 days after fenthion administration. This could indicate several different toxicological actions, which are currently under investigation. It is concluded that the possible association between exposure to organophosphates and ocular toxicity cannot be dismissed, and that several important research issues need to be resolved. JF - Journal of applied toxicology : JAT AU - Boyes, W K AU - Tandon, P AU - Barone, S AU - Padilla, S AD - Neurotoxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC. PY - 1994 SP - 135 EP - 143 VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0260-437X, 0260-437X KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - Insecticides KW - Organophosphorus Compounds KW - Fenthion KW - BL0L45OVKT KW - Cholinesterases KW - EC 3.1.1.8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Insecticides -- adverse effects KW - Cholinesterases -- metabolism KW - Brain -- enzymology KW - Animals KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- adverse effects KW - Fenthion -- toxicity KW - Retina -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Retina -- enzymology KW - Research KW - Electroretinography KW - Evoked Potentials, Visual -- drug effects KW - Organophosphorus Compounds -- toxicity KW - Organophosphorus Compounds -- adverse effects KW - Eye -- pathology KW - Eye -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76593864?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.atitle=Effects+of+organophosphates+on+the+visual+system+of+rats.&rft.au=Boyes%2C+W+K%3BTandon%2C+P%3BBarone%2C+S%3BPadilla%2C+S&rft.aulast=Boyes&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.issn=0260437X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-08-05 N1 - Date created - 1994-08-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ocular effects of organophosphates: a historical perspective of Saku disease. AN - 76589721; 8027507 AB - Many publications, primarily of work performed in Japan, report findings in human populations of an increased incidence of myopia and of a more advanced visual disease syndrome (Saku disease), which reportedly correlated with increasing use of organophosphate pesticides in agriculture. Follow-up studies in animals performed in Japan using such agents as ethylthiometon, fenthion and fenitrothion demonstrate adverse effects of organophosphates on the visual system. The several ocular effects in question are dose dependent, ranging in severity from lenticular and electro-retinographic changes to the seemingly more serious histophysiological changes in such tissues as the ciliary body and retina. An important question arising from this work is that of the role of cholinesterase inhibition in the etiology of the effects. Studies currently in progress on particular organophosphates being conducted at EPA's research facility and by certain registrants of pesticides, which are in various stages of completion, appear to be substantiating much that has been reported in Japan. While animal studies clearly show that some organophosphates elicit ocular toxicity, there are many knowledge gaps with regard to effects in humans and the ocular toxicity in general, e.g. time and dose dependency, cholinesterase inhibition vs ocular effects and effects of routes of exposure. Consequently, the office is unable at this time to incorporate hazard assessment data with exposure assessment data or to perform risk assessments on organophosphates based on the ocular toxicity potential of this class of chemicals. JF - Journal of applied toxicology : JAT AU - Dementi, B AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460. PY - 1994 SP - 119 EP - 129 VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0260-437X, 0260-437X KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Organophosphorus Compounds KW - ethylthiometon sulfoxide KW - 2497-07-6 KW - Fenthion KW - BL0L45OVKT KW - Cholinesterases KW - EC 3.1.1.8 KW - Fenitrothion KW - W8M4X3Y7ZY KW - Index Medicus KW - Japan -- epidemiology KW - Fenitrothion -- toxicity KW - Myopia -- pathology KW - Cholinesterases -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Fenthion -- toxicity KW - Syndrome KW - Humans KW - Myopia -- chemically induced KW - Organophosphorus Compounds -- toxicity KW - Eye -- enzymology KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Insecticides -- adverse effects KW - Eye Diseases -- physiopathology KW - Eye Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Eye Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Environmental Exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76589721?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.atitle=Ocular+effects+of+organophosphates%3A+a+historical+perspective+of+Saku+disease.&rft.au=Dementi%2C+B&rft.aulast=Dementi&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=119&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.issn=0260437X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-08-05 N1 - Date created - 1994-08-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of host resistance to Trichinella spiralis in mice following preinfection exposure to 2,3,7,8-TCDD. AN - 76391727; 8128497 AB - 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) has been reported to decrease host resistance to a variety of infectious agents when exposure occurs prior to infection. Resistance to viral infection has been observed at doses as low as 0.1 microgram TCDD/kg body wt, well below the thymolytic dose in mice. In the present study, female B6C3F1 mice were exposed to a single intraperitoneal injection of 0, 0.1, 1.0, 10.0, or 30.0 micrograms TCDD/kg 7 days prior to infection to determine the effects of TCDD exposure on resistance to the nematode parasite Trichinella spiralis. Exposure to 10 or 30 micrograms TCDD/kg delayed adult parasite elimination from the small intestine. Significantly more larvae were released by female parasites and greater numbers of encysted larvae were recovered from the muscle of mice exposed to TCDD. Proliferative responses of splenocytes and mesenteric lymph node cells stimulated with T. spiralis antigen were significantly suppressed at exposure levels of TCDD > or = 1.0 microgram/kg 7 days after infection and in splenocytes only at 14 days after infection, demonstrating the greater sensitivity of proliferative responses to TCDD exposure than actual host resistance to Ts infection. Suppressed proliferation was observed at doses which produced TCDD concentrations > or = 0.2 pmol/g of lymphoid tissue on Day 7 of infection. In addition, it was determined that infected mice had higher TCDD levels than noninfected mice given the same dose. These results suggest an interaction between TCDD exposure and infection, i.e., that exposure to TCDD altered the host response to infection, while infection delayed elimination of TCDD from the host. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Luebke, R W AU - Copeland, C B AU - Diliberto, J J AU - Akubue, P I AU - Andrews, D L AU - Riddle, M M AU - Williams, W C AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Environmental Toxicology Division, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/03// PY - 1994 DA - March 1994 SP - 7 EP - 16 VL - 125 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Antigens, Helminth KW - 0 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Immunity, Innate -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Intestine, Small -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Host-Parasite Interactions -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Antigens, Helminth -- immunology KW - Lymphoid Tissue -- metabolism KW - Lymphocyte Activation -- drug effects KW - Trichinellosis -- parasitology KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- administration & dosage KW - Trichinellosis -- metabolism KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Trichinella spiralis -- isolation & purification KW - Trichinellosis -- immunology KW - Trichinella spiralis -- immunology KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76391727?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+host+resistance+to+Trichinella+spiralis+in+mice+following+preinfection+exposure+to+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-TCDD.&rft.au=Luebke%2C+R+W%3BCopeland%2C+C+B%3BDiliberto%2C+J+J%3BAkubue%2C+P+I%3BAndrews%2C+D+L%3BRiddle%2C+M+M%3BWilliams%2C+W+C%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Luebke&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=125&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-04-08 N1 - Date created - 1994-04-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecoregions and subregions of Iowa; a framework for water quality assessment and management AN - 51535030; 2006-084125 JF - The Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science AU - Griffith, Glenn E AU - Omernik, James M AU - Wilton, Thomas F AU - Pierson, Suzanne M Y1 - 1994/03// PY - 1994 DA - March 1994 SP - 5 EP - 13 PB - Iowa Academy of Science, Cedar Falls, IA VL - 101 IS - 1 SN - 0896-8381, 0896-8381 KW - United States KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - water quality KW - water management KW - ecology KW - vegetation KW - water resources KW - Iowa KW - land use KW - climate KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51535030?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+the+Iowa+Academy+of+Science&rft.atitle=Ecoregions+and+subregions+of+Iowa%3B+a+framework+for+water+quality+assessment+and+management&rft.au=Griffith%2C+Glenn+E%3BOmernik%2C+James+M%3BWilton%2C+Thomas+F%3BPierson%2C+Suzanne+M&rft.aulast=Griffith&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+the+Iowa+Academy+of+Science&rft.issn=08968381&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 64 N1 - PubXState - IA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - climate; ecology; hydrology; Iowa; land use; soils; United States; vegetation; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - GIS techniques applied to non-point contamination prediction in Illinois groundwater AN - 50071488; 1996-015455 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Schock, Susan C AU - Keefer, Donald AU - Mehnert, Edward AU - Ray, Chittaranjan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994/03// PY - 1994 DA - March 1994 SP - 61 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 26 IS - 4 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - computer programs KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - geographic information systems KW - Illinois KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - information systems KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50071488?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=GIS+techniques+applied+to+non-point+contamination+prediction+in+Illinois+groundwater&rft.au=Schock%2C+Susan+C%3BKeefer%2C+Donald%3BMehnert%2C+Edward%3BRay%2C+Chittaranjan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Schock&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Southeastern Section, 43rd annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; computer programs; data processing; geographic information systems; ground water; Illinois; information systems; pollution; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The nature and function of the brown cell in Crassostrea virginica AN - 16970941; 3817111 AB - This study was undertaken to determine the role of the brown cell in Crassostrea virginica in degradative and detoxification processes. Histopathological and biochemical methods were used to study brown cells in vivo and in vitro before and after treatment with organic and inorganic compounds. Histopathological examination indicated that brown cells in the connective tissue of healthy animals were sparse, and found primarily around sinusoids and in the intertubular connective tissue of the digestive diverticula. Brown cells in the auricle were derived from connective tissue of the auricular muscle bundles and occurred on the surface and within the muscle bundles. In addition, the surface of the pericardial wall was lined with brown cells. At sites of inflammation, an increase in the number and size of brown cells occurred as well as an increase in the number and color density of brown vesicles in the cytoplasm. Brown cell isolates were separated into fractions on a Percoll discontinuous gradient. Fraction 2 contained primarily what appeared to be young brown cells (nonpigmented to lightly pigmented and granular in appearance). The majority of the cells in fraction 3 were brown cells (small to large pigmented vesicles) and fraction 4 was entirely brown vesicles (devoid of a cell membrane). Toluidine blue (soluble dye) accumulated in brown cells in vivo after injection into the visceral mass and in vitro, after addition to brown cell isolates. In comparison, carmine red (colloidal dye) did not accumulate under the same conditions. It appeared that only soluble substances accumulate in brown cells, and that brown cells are incapable of phagocytosing yeast cells. Brown cell vesicles fluoresced within 2 hours after addition of FITC-bovine serum albumen and acridine orange to cell isolates and within 24 h after whole animal injection. Cadmium and nickel accumulated in brown cell isolates curvilinearly with solute concentration and uptake was by passive diffusion. Brown cells and brown vesicles possess glutathione reductase, acid phosphatase and lysozyme which indicate the vesicles are lysosomes. Brown cells accumulate soluble foreign material and have the potential to function in detoxification and degradative processes. JF - Marine environmental research. London AU - Zaroogian, G AU - Yevich, P AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 27 Tarzwell Dr., Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1994/03// PY - 1994 DA - Mar 1994 SP - 355 EP - 373 VL - 37 IS - 4 SN - 0141-1136, 0141-1136 KW - brown cell KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - detoxification KW - histopathology KW - Crassostrea virginica KW - pollution effects KW - water pollution KW - bioaccumulation KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16970941?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+environmental+research.+London&rft.atitle=The+nature+and+function+of+the+brown+cell+in+Crassostrea+virginica&rft.au=Zaroogian%2C+G%3BYevich%2C+P&rft.aulast=Zaroogian&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=355&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+environmental+research.+London&rft.issn=01411136&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Crassostrea virginica; detoxification; histopathology; pollution effects; bioaccumulation; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying subtidal macrobenthic assemblages on hard substrata using a jump camera method AN - 16849707; 3570418 AB - A quantitative technique for sampling macrobenthic assemblages on hard substrata that can be used in depths up to 100 m has been developed. A jump camera was built that recorded 0.45 m super(2) photo-quadrats of sublittoral macrobenthos. An experiment was done which compared photo-quadrats collected by the jump camera with quadrats collected in situ by SCUBA divers. This was done in habitats dominated by erect organisms (sponges, bryozoans etc.) and by flat, prostrate organisms. Results showed that there was little difference in accuracy or time required using the two techniques in both habitats. Both techniques demonstrated greater species richness and abundance in habitats dominated by erect species. Individual species of sponges, bryozoans, cnidarians and ascidians were accurately sampled using both techniques. The time required for the two techniques showed that, on average, jump camera sampling took ) 10% longer than diver sampling because of the time required to interpret photographs in the laboratory. The jump camera method is now being used in a sewage outfall monitoring program to assess spatial and temporal differences in macrobenthic assemblages living on hard substrata in deep water off the coast of Sydney, NSW, Australia. JF - Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology AU - Roberts, DE AU - Fitzhenry AU - Kennelly, S J AD - Mar. and Estuar. Waters Sect., EPA, Locked Bag 1502, Bankstown, NSW 2200, Australia Y1 - 1994/03// PY - 1994 DA - Mar 1994 SP - 157 EP - 170 VL - 177 IS - 2 SN - 0022-0981, 0022-0981 KW - analytical techniques KW - aquatic communities KW - jump camera KW - marine ecosystems KW - outfalls KW - quantitative distribution KW - sublittoral zone KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Marine KW - pollution monitoring KW - sewage KW - benthos KW - photography KW - PSE, Australia, New South Wales, Sydney KW - Australia KW - Q1 08462:Benthos KW - Q4 27240:Instrumentation and process engineering KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - D 04002:Surveying and remote sensing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16849707?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Experimental+Marine+Biology+and+Ecology&rft.atitle=Quantifying+subtidal+macrobenthic+assemblages+on+hard+substrata+using+a+jump+camera+method&rft.au=Roberts%2C+DE%3BFitzhenry%3BKennelly%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=DE&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=177&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Experimental+Marine+Biology+and+Ecology&rft.issn=00220981&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic communities; pollution monitoring; quantitative distribution; sewage; outfalls; analytical techniques; benthos; sublittoral zone; photography; marine ecosystems; PSE, Australia, New South Wales, Sydney; Australia; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diets of some larval Leptoceridae (Trichoptera) in south-eastern Australia AN - 16756317; 3725527 AB - Diets of 18 species of larval Leptoceridae were examined by gut analysis supplemented by observations in the field and laboratory. Food items were leaves of terrestrial origin, aquatic macrophytes, filamentous algae, animal matter, wood and fine detritus. The majority of species were large-particle detritivores (some with a tendency to herbivory), one species was predatory, and one ate fine detritus. Little selectivity was shown; availability of food items was generally more important in influencing the diet. Possible selectivity for freshly fallen green leaves of terrestrial origin was seen in many species and for wood in some species of Triplectides. Larvae were found to be feeding on whatever they were collected from, which had implications for the results of this study because this factor was not taken into consideration during collection. Feeding on the surface of the water was noticed in four species, and two of those may have utilized the surface drift as a food source. JF - Australian journal of marine and freshwater research. Melbourne AU - St Clair, RM AD - Catchment and Mar. Stud., EPA, P.O. Box 4395 QQ, Melbourne, Vic. 3001, Australia Y1 - 1994/03// PY - 1994 DA - Mar 1994 SP - 1023 EP - 1032 VL - 45 IS - 6 SN - 0067-1940, 0067-1940 KW - Notalina KW - Triplectides KW - aquatic insects KW - freshwater ecology KW - insect larvae KW - stomach content KW - Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - diets KW - detritus feeders KW - Freshwater KW - food organisms KW - Leptoceridae KW - Australia KW - food preferences KW - Trichoptera KW - D 04659:Insects KW - Z 05199:Feeding KW - Q1 08425:Nutrition and feeding habits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16756317?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+journal+of+marine+and+freshwater+research.+Melbourne&rft.atitle=Diets+of+some+larval+Leptoceridae+%28Trichoptera%29+in+south-eastern+Australia&rft.au=St+Clair%2C+RM&rft.aulast=St+Clair&rft.aufirst=RM&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1023&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+journal+of+marine+and+freshwater+research.+Melbourne&rft.issn=00671940&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - freshwater ecology; food organisms; detritus feeders; diets; insect larvae; food preferences; stomach content; aquatic insects; Leptoceridae; Trichoptera; Australia; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of methanol on embryonic mouse palate in serum-free organ culture. AN - 76569289; 8016743 AB - Methanol has widespread applications in industry and manufacturing and is under consideration as an alternative automotive fuel. Human exposure to methanol would be expected to increase if applications expand in coming years. Methanol has been shown to be a reproductive and developmental toxicant in the rodent, producing cleft palate in the CD-1 mouse. Developmental toxicity has also been demonstrated in vitro for rat and mouse embryos in whole embryo culture. The present study examines the developmental toxicity of methanol in the palate using a serum-free organ culture model. Gestation day 12 CD-1 mouse embryos were dissected and mid-craniofacial tissues were cultured in BGJ medium at 37 degrees C for 4 days with medium changes at 24 hr intervals. Cultures were exposed to methanol from 0-20 mg/ml for 6 hr, 12 hr, 1 or 4 days. Some cultures were exposed to ethanol for 4 days at doses ranging from 0-15 mg/ml. All cultures were gassed with a 50% O2, 5% CO2, and 45% N2 upon addition of fresh medium and prior to the addition of alcohol. Following organ culture the craniofacial explants were examined for effects on morphology, fusion, proliferation, and growth. Incidence and completeness of palatal fusion decreased with increasing exposure. Depending on the concentration and duration of methanol exposure, the medial epithelium either degenerated completely or remained intact in unfused palates and either condition would interfere with fusion. Cellular proliferation appeared to be a specific and sensitive target for methanol as craniofacial tissues responded to methanol with reduction in total DNA content at an exposure that did not affect total protein. However, both DNA and protein decreased with increasing exposure to methanol. Incorporation of thymidine decreased significantly after 4 day exposure and autoradiography of 3H-thymidine (TdR) demonstrated exposure-dependent reduction in proliferation of palatal mesenchymal cells. Ethanol decreased fusion score, total protein, and DNA, but 3H-TdR/DNA was not significantly changed. In general the ethanol was more potent than methanol for inhibition of protein and DNA synthesis and palatal fusion. This study demonstrated that methanol can selectively affect specific sensitive cell populations and has effects on proliferation and cell fate. JF - Teratology AU - Abbott, B D AU - Logsdon, T R AU - Wilke, T S AD - Development Toxicology Division, Health Effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/02// PY - 1994 DA - February 1994 SP - 122 EP - 134 VL - 49 IS - 2 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Culture Media, Serum-Free KW - 0 KW - Proteins KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Methanol KW - Y4S76JWI15 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cleft Palate -- chemically induced KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - DNA -- analysis KW - Cleft Palate -- embryology KW - Mice KW - DNA Replication -- drug effects KW - Pregnancy KW - Mesoderm -- drug effects KW - Morphogenesis -- drug effects KW - Ethanol -- toxicity KW - Proteins -- analysis KW - Organ Culture Techniques KW - Female KW - Male KW - Palate -- drug effects KW - Palate -- chemistry KW - Methanol -- toxicity KW - Palate -- embryology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76569289?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+methanol+on+embryonic+mouse+palate+in+serum-free+organ+culture.&rft.au=Abbott%2C+B+D%3BLogsdon%2C+T+R%3BWilke%2C+T+S&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1994-02-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=122&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-07-26 N1 - Date created - 1994-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aluminum alters calcium transport in plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum from rat brain. AN - 76429759; 8151628 AB - Calcium is actively transported into intracellular organelles and out of the cytoplasm by Ca2+/Mg(2+)-ATPases located in the endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membranes. We studied the effects of aluminum on calcium transport in the adult rat brain. We examined 45Ca-uptake in microsomes and Ca(2+)-ATPase activity in microsomes and synaptosomes isolated from the frontal cortex and cerebellum of adult male Long-Evans rats. ATP-dependent 45Ca-uptake was similar in microsomes from both brain regions. The addition of 50-800 microM AlCl3 resulted in a concentration-dependent inhibition of 45Ca-uptake. Mg(2+)-dependent Ca(2+)-ATPase activity was significantly lower in synaptosomes compared to microsomes in both frontal cortex and cerebellum. In contrast to the uptake studies, AlCl3 stimulated Mg(2+)-dependent Ca(2+)-ATPase activity in both microsomes and synaptosomes from both brain regions. To determine the relationship between aluminum and Mg2+, we measured ATPase activity in the presence of increasing concentrations of Mg2+ or AlCl3. Maximal ATPase activity was obtained between 3 and 6 mM Mg2+. When we substituted AlCl3 for Mg2+, ATPase activity was also stimulated in a concentration-dependent manner, but to a greater extent than with Mg2+. One interpretation of these data is that aluminum acts at multiple sites to displace both Mg2+ and Ca2+, increasing the activity of the Ca(2+)-ATPase, but disrupting transport of calcium. JF - Journal of biochemical toxicology AU - Mundy, W R AU - Kodavanti, P R AU - Dulchinos, V F AU - Tilson, H A AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/02// PY - 1994 DA - February 1994 SP - 17 EP - 23 VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 0887-2082, 0887-2082 KW - Aluminum Compounds KW - 0 KW - Chlorides KW - aluminum chloride KW - 3CYT62D3GA KW - Ca(2+) Mg(2+)-ATPase KW - EC 3.6.1.- KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Frontal Lobe -- drug effects KW - Cerebellum -- drug effects KW - Frontal Lobe -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Ca(2+) Mg(2+)-ATPase -- metabolism KW - Cerebellum -- metabolism KW - Endoplasmic Reticulum -- metabolism KW - Chlorides -- toxicity KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Cell Membrane -- drug effects KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Aluminum Compounds -- toxicity KW - Cell Membrane -- metabolism KW - Endoplasmic Reticulum -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76429759?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+biochemical+toxicology&rft.atitle=Aluminum+alters+calcium+transport+in+plasma+membrane+and+endoplasmic+reticulum+from+rat+brain.&rft.au=Mundy%2C+W+R%3BKodavanti%2C+P+R%3BDulchinos%2C+V+F%3BTilson%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Mundy&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1994-02-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+biochemical+toxicology&rft.issn=08872082&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-05-10 N1 - Date created - 1994-05-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - International Commission for Protection Against Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens. Application of SAR methods to non-congeneric data bases associated with carcinogenicity and mutagenicity: issues and approaches. AN - 76345406; 7508549 AB - In both industry and government, structure-activity relationships (SAR) are capable of playing an important decision-support role in estimating the potential mutagenicity or carcinogenicity of chemicals for which bioassay test results are unavailable. Traditional SAR modeling approaches, however, are usually restricted to the consideration of structurally similar chemical congeners. The highly structurally diverse nature of current carcinogenicity and mutagenicity data bases has motivated development of more general SAR approaches, potentially applicable to the treatment of diverse, non-congeneric mutagenicity and carcinogenicity data bases. Three specific approaches are considered in some detail--Ashby's structural alerts model, classified as a "rule-based" SAR approach, and the computerized CASE fragment-based method and TOPKAT linear discriminant equation method, both classified as "correlative" SAR approaches. Relative strengths and limitations, and a number of common features and important distinctions between these 3 methods are discussed. Rule-base methods are highly flexible and able to incorporate many different types of relevant information, yet are biased towards current knowledge, viewpoints, and mechanistic assumptions, that may or may not hold true. Correlative SAR methods are less biased and offer the promise of "discovering" potentially new SAR associations that could lend fresh insight into the basis for a structure-activity association. However, problems associated with their application to non-congeneric data bases relate to: modeling multiple or overlapping mechanisms of action with a single relationship; defining the range of applicability of models in complex multi-dimensional structure-activity space; assigning confidence levels to predictions in the absence of knowledge concerning mechanisms of activity; and determining the potential mechanistic significance of diverse model parameters. It is argued that many of these concerns can be partially alleviated by careful application of statistical procedures, scrutiny of model results, and establishment of reasoned limits to the range of model applicability. The most significant confidence-building measure, however, will be a rationalization of the correlative SAR model and model parameters in terms of principles of chemical reactivity and postulated molecular mechanism(s) for the biological activity. Hence, it is recommended that models and model descriptors be designed to facilitate mechanistic interpretation and hypothesis generation. Finally, problems in comparing the relative predictive capabilities of different SAR approaches are discussed, and strategies for SAR investigation involving integration of existing techniques are suggested. JF - Mutation research AU - Richard, A M AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Carcinogenesis and Metabolism Branch (MD-68), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/02/01/ PY - 1994 DA - 1994 Feb 01 SP - 73 EP - 97 VL - 305 IS - 1 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Index Medicus KW - Molecular Structure KW - Software KW - Regression Analysis KW - Animals KW - Discriminant Analysis KW - Forecasting -- methods KW - Rodentia KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Carcinogens -- chemistry KW - Databases, Factual KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Expert Systems KW - Models, Chemical KW - Mutagens -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76345406?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=International+Commission+for+Protection+Against+Environmental+Mutagens+and+Carcinogens.+Application+of+SAR+methods+to+non-congeneric+data+bases+associated+with+carcinogenicity+and+mutagenicity%3A+issues+and+approaches.&rft.au=Richard%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Richard&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-02-01&rft.volume=305&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-03-17 N1 - Date created - 1994-03-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogeologic investigations of contaminant movement in karst aquifers in the vicinity of a train derailment near Lewisburg, Tennessee AN - 51058510; 1994-025689 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Crawford, N C AU - Ulmer, C S Y1 - 1994/02// PY - 1994 DA - February 1994 SP - 41 EP - 52 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 23 IS - 1 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - United States KW - Lewisburg Tennessee KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Upper Ridley Karst Aquifer KW - Marshall County Tennessee KW - karst hydrology KW - pollution KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - Wilson Spring KW - Tennessee KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51058510?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Hydrogeologic+investigations+of+contaminant+movement+in+karst+aquifers+in+the+vicinity+of+a+train+derailment+near+Lewisburg%2C+Tennessee&rft.au=Crawford%2C+N+C%3BUlmer%2C+C+S&rft.aulast=Crawford&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1994-02-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch map, strat. cols. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; chlorinated hydrocarbons; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; karst hydrology; Lewisburg Tennessee; Marshall County Tennessee; organic compounds; pollution; Tennessee; trichloroethylene; United States; Upper Ridley Karst Aquifer; Wilson Spring ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transformation of dyes and related compounds in anoxic sediment; kinetics and products AN - 50174651; 1995-018260 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Baughman, George L AU - Weber, Eric J Y1 - 1994/02// PY - 1994 DA - February 1994 SP - 267 EP - 276 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 28 IS - 2 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - United States KW - sediment-water interface KW - Kingfisher Lake KW - chemical dispersion KW - pollutants KW - anthraquinone KW - physicochemical properties KW - pollution KW - equations KW - Clarke County Georgia KW - textile dyes KW - solvents KW - Athens Georgia KW - lacustrine environment KW - anaerobic environment KW - quinoline KW - Georgia KW - chemical composition KW - kinetics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50174651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Transformation+of+dyes+and+related+compounds+in+anoxic+sediment%3B+kinetics+and+products&rft.au=Baughman%2C+George+L%3BWeber%2C+Eric+J&rft.aulast=Baughman&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=1994-02-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; anthraquinone; Athens Georgia; chemical composition; chemical dispersion; Clarke County Georgia; equations; Georgia; kinetics; Kingfisher Lake; lacustrine environment; physicochemical properties; pollutants; pollution; quinoline; sediment-water interface; solvents; textile dyes; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Within-session changes in peak N160 amplitude of flash evoked potentials in rats. AN - 85263222; pmid-8140179 AB - The negative peak occurring approximately 160 ms after stimulation (peak N160) of flash evoked potentials (FEPs) of rats changes with repeated testing. Habituation, sensitization, and arousal have all been invoked to explain these changes, but few studies have directly tested these explanations. We examined within-session changes in peak N160 amplitude with repeated testing, and the modulatory effects of stimulus intensity and auditory white noise. Peak N160 amplitude increased with daily testing (between-session changes), and was larger at greater stimulus intensities. In contrast, peak N160 amplitude underwent within-session increases on early days and within-session decreases on later days. The within-session changes were not affected by stimulus intensity. In rats previously tested in a quiet environment, exposure to acoustic white noise increased motor activity and transiently decreased peak N160 amplitude, which then increased and subsequently decreased with continued photic and acoustic stimulation. Repeated testing in the presence of noise did not alter the within-session changes in peak N160 amplitude. Heart rate showed both within- and between-session decreases, but was unaffected by noise. The data suggest that the within-session changes in peak N160 amplitude may reflect a habituation-like response to the test environment. JF - Physiology & Behavior AU - Herr, D W AU - King, D AU - Griffin, V T AU - Watkinson, W P AU - Boyes, W K AU - Ali, J S AU - Dyer, R S AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. PY - 1994 SP - 83 EP - 99 VL - 55 IS - 1 SN - 0031-9384, 0031-9384 KW - Visual Cortex KW - Reference Values KW - Arousal KW - Animal KW - Rats KW - Heart Rate KW - Photic Stimulation KW - Habituation (Psychophysiology) KW - Evoked Potentials, Visual KW - Motor Activity KW - Support, Non-U.S. Gov't KW - Acoustic Stimulation KW - Attention KW - Male KW - Synaptic Transmission KW - Reaction Time KW - Social Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85263222?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physiology+%26+Behavior&rft.atitle=Within-session+changes+in+peak+N160+amplitude+of+flash+evoked+potentials+in+rats.&rft.au=Herr%2C+D+W%3BKing%2C+D%3BGriffin%2C+V+T%3BWatkinson%2C+W+P%3BBoyes%2C+W+K%3BAli%2C+J+S%3BDyer%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Herr&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physiology+%26+Behavior&rft.issn=00319384&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ranking the carcinogenic potential of chemical mixtures: the integral search system and its use in evaluating hazardous waste sites. AN - 77765874; 7875062 JF - Drug metabolism reviews AU - Di Carlo, F J AU - Woo, Y T AD - Health and Environmental Review Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 685 EP - 715 VL - 26 IS - 4 SN - 0360-2532, 0360-2532 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - Hazardous Waste KW - Index Medicus KW - San Francisco KW - Humans KW - Chemical Warfare KW - Military Science KW - Hazardous Substances -- classification KW - Carcinogens -- classification KW - Databases, Factual UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77765874?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+metabolism+reviews&rft.atitle=Ranking+the+carcinogenic+potential+of+chemical+mixtures%3A+the+integral+search+system+and+its+use+in+evaluating+hazardous+waste+sites.&rft.au=Di+Carlo%2C+F+J%3BWoo%2C+Y+T&rft.aulast=Di+Carlo&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=685&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+metabolism+reviews&rft.issn=03602532&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-04-03 N1 - Date created - 1995-04-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rat and human sensory evoked potentials and the predictability of human neurotoxicity from rat data. AN - 77763540; 7854590 AB - The development of comprehensive quantitative models as alternatives to risk assessment based on uncertainty factors will require many steps, among them consideration of the relationships between the health endpoints which are measured in laboratory animals and humans. Sensory evoked potentials are measures of sensory function which can be recorded from many species, including humans, and as such provide an opportunity for examining the extrapolation of neurotoxicity data from laboratory animals to humans. Our research strategy for investigating how well laboratory rat data predict human neurotoxic risk involves comparing parametric stimulus manipulations and drug treatments in both species. Finally, we are comparing results in humans with neurodegenerative conditions, including those induced by neurotoxicant exposure, with animal models. To date, we have focused on pattern-elicited visual evoked potentials (VEPs) recorded from pigmented rats and humans. Parametric manipulations of spatial frequency, temporal frequency and stimulus contrast revealed parallel functions, displaced for differences in absolute sensitivity. Additionally, diazepam produced similar effects in rats and human volunteers. A quantitative cross-species map was developed to illustrate the prediction of human effects from rat data. Exposure to carbon disulfide produced changes in rat VEP-derived contrast sensitivity functions, which resembled psychophysically-measured loss of visual contrast sensitivity in human workers exposed to organic solvents. The results of these continuing efforts should help indicate how well animal electrophysiological measures predict human neurotoxicity. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Boyes, W K AD - Neurophysiological Toxicology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 569 EP - 578 VL - 15 IS - 3 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Species Specificity KW - Models, Biological KW - Evoked Potentials, Visual -- drug effects KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Brain -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77763540?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Rat+and+human+sensory+evoked+potentials+and+the+predictability+of+human+neurotoxicity+from+rat+data.&rft.au=Boyes%2C+W+K&rft.aulast=Boyes&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=569&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-03-16 N1 - Date created - 1995-03-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cytogenetic and germ cell effects of phosphine inhalation by rodents: II. Subacute exposures to rats and mice. AN - 77741015; 7851342 AB - Phosphine (PH3) is a highly toxic grain fumigant to which there is significant human workplace exposure. To determine the in vivo cytogenetic effects of inhalation of PH3, male F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice were exposed to target concentrations of 0, 1.25, 2.5, or 5 ppm PH3 for 6 hr/day for 9 days over an 11-day period. Approximately 20 hr after the termination of exposures, blood was removed from the mice and rats by cardiac puncture and the lymphocytes cultured for analyses of sister chromatid exchanges and chromosome aberrations in rats and mice, and micronuclei (MN) in cytochalasin B-induced binucleated lymphocytes from mice. In addition, bone marrow (rats) and peripheral blood (mice) smears were made for the analysis of MN in polychromatic and normochromatic erythrocytes. No significant increase in any of the cytogenetic endpoints was found at any of the concentrations examined. These results indicate that concentrations of PH3 up to 5 ppm are not genotoxic to rodents when administered by inhalation for 9 days during an 11-day period as measured by several cytogenetic assays. To evaluate the effects of PH3 on male germ cells, a dominant lethal test was conducted in male mice exposed to 5 ppm PH3 for 10 days over a 12-day period and mated to groups of untreated females (2 females/male) on each of 6 consecutive 4-day mating intervals. None of the 6 groups of females exhibited a significant increase in percent resorptions. These results indicate that exposure to 5 ppm PH3 by inhalation does not induce dominant lethality in male mouse germ cells at steps in spermatogenesis ranging from late differentiating spermatogonia/early primary spermatocytes through mature sperm. JF - Environmental and molecular mutagenesis AU - Kligerman, A D AU - Bishop, J B AU - Erexson, G L AU - Price, H C AU - O'Connor, R W AU - Morgan, D L AU - Zeiger, E AD - Genetic Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 301 EP - 306 VL - 24 IS - 4 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Phosphines KW - Cytochalasin B KW - 3CHI920QS7 KW - phosphine KW - FW6947296I KW - Index Medicus KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Mutation -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Erythrocytes -- drug effects KW - Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Cytochalasin B -- pharmacology KW - Mice KW - Spermatogenesis -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Bone Marrow Cells KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Mutation -- genetics KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Bone Marrow -- drug effects KW - Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Male KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Chromosome Aberrations -- genetics KW - Insecticides -- administration & dosage KW - Sister Chromatid Exchange -- drug effects KW - Phosphines -- administration & dosage KW - Germ Cells -- drug effects KW - Sister Chromatid Exchange -- genetics KW - Phosphines -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77741015?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Cytogenetic+and+germ+cell+effects+of+phosphine+inhalation+by+rodents%3A+II.+Subacute+exposures+to+rats+and+mice.&rft.au=Kligerman%2C+A+D%3BBishop%2C+J+B%3BErexson%2C+G+L%3BPrice%2C+H+C%3BO%27Connor%2C+R+W%3BMorgan%2C+D+L%3BZeiger%2C+E&rft.aulast=Kligerman&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=301&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-03-15 N1 - Date created - 1995-03-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting modes of toxic action from chemical structure: an overview. AN - 77124295; 8790641 AB - In the field of environmental toxicology, and especially aquatic toxicology, quantitative structure activity relationships (QSARs) have developed as scientifically-credible tools for predicting the toxicity of chemicals when little or no empirical data are available. A basic and fundamental understanding of toxicological principles has been considered crucial to the continued acceptance and application of these techniques as biologically relevant. As a consequence, there has been an evolution of QSAR development and application from that of a chemical-class perspective to one that is more consistent with assumptions regarding modes of toxic action. The assessment of a compound's likely mode of toxic action is critical for a correct QSAR selection; incorrect mode of action-based QSAR selections can result in 10- to 1000-fold errors in toxicity predictions. The establishment of toxicologically-credible techniques to assess mode of toxic action from chemical structure requires toxicodynamic knowledge bases that are clearly defined with regard to exposure regimes and biological models/endpoints and based on compounds that adequately span the diversity of chemicals anticipated for future applications. With such knowledge bases classification systems, including rule-based experts systems, have been established for use in predictive aquatic toxicology applications. JF - SAR and QSAR in environmental research AU - Bradbury, S P AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory, Duluth, MN 55804, USA. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 89 EP - 104 VL - 2 IS - 1-2 SN - 1062-936X, 1062-936X KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Xenobiotics KW - Index Medicus KW - Pesticides -- chemistry KW - Animals KW - Neural Networks (Computer) KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Fishes KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Biological Assay KW - Models, Biological KW - Pesticides -- toxicity KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Xenobiotics -- toxicity KW - Xenobiotics -- chemistry KW - Structure-Activity Relationship UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77124295?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.atitle=Predicting+modes+of+toxic+action+from+chemical+structure%3A+an+overview.&rft.au=Bradbury%2C+S+P&rft.aulast=Bradbury&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.issn=1062936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-21 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biochemical analysis of glial fibrillary acidic protein as a quantitative approach to neurotoxicity assessment: advantages, disadvantages and application to the assessment of NMDA receptor antagonist-induced neurotoxicity. AN - 77097813; 7770619 AB - Hypertrophy appears to be a universal response of astrocytes, a central nervous system (CNS) cell type, to all forms of brain injury. The hallmark of this response, often termed "reactive gliosis," is the enhanced expression of the major intermediate filament protein of astrocytes, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Reactive gliosis traditionally has been examined qualitatively by immunohistochemistry of GFAP. But, the widespread availability of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) now makes it possible to quantify damage-induced expression of GFAP as a potential biomarker of diverse neurotoxic insults. To evaluate this possibility, we administered prototype neurotoxicants to experimental animals and then assessed the effects of these agents on the tissue content of GFAP, as determined by a recently developed sandwich ELISA. We found that assays of GFAP reveal dose-, time-, and region-dependent patterns of neural damage, often at toxicant dosages below those that cause light microscopic evidence of cell loss or damage. No false positives have been seen following exposure to a variety of pharmacological agents at therapeutic dosages. With respect to NMDA receptor antagonists, we find that MK-801 causes a large dose-dependent increase in GFAP that, within the cortex, appears to be restricted to the retrosplenial zone. Among the advantages of the CFAP-based approach re its simplicity, objectivity, cost and the fact that the assay can be automated. Among the disadvantages are the need to perform brain dissections and the requirement for a time-course analysis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Psychopharmacology bulletin AU - O'Callaghan, J P AD - Neurotoxicology Division (MD-74B), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 549 EP - 554 VL - 30 IS - 4 SN - 0048-5764, 0048-5764 KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein KW - 0 KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Gliosis -- drug therapy KW - Nervous System Diseases -- metabolism KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- metabolism KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- analysis KW - Nervous System Diseases -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77097813?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychopharmacology+bulletin&rft.atitle=Biochemical+analysis+of+glial+fibrillary+acidic+protein+as+a+quantitative+approach+to+neurotoxicity+assessment%3A+advantages%2C+disadvantages+and+application+to+the+assessment+of+NMDA+receptor+antagonist-induced+neurotoxicity.&rft.au=O%27Callaghan%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=O%27Callaghan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=549&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Psychopharmacology+bulletin&rft.issn=00485764&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-07-06 N1 - Date created - 1995-07-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence for the role of the Ah receptor in response to dioxin. AN - 76843503; 7972244 JF - Progress in clinical and biological research AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 139 EP - 154 VL - 387 SN - 0361-7742, 0361-7742 KW - CYP 1A1 KW - Dioxins KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon KW - Index Medicus KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- genetics KW - Animals KW - Alleles KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- genetics KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Thymus Gland -- pathology KW - Mice KW - Atrophy KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- metabolism KW - Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes -- chemically induced KW - Mice, Inbred DBA KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon -- drug effects KW - Dioxins -- pharmacokinetics KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon -- physiology KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon -- genetics KW - Dioxins -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76843503?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Flow+characteristics+of+the+1993+Missouri+River+flood+determined+from+flood+plain+erosion+and+deposition%2C+Kansas+City+to+St.+Louis&rft.au=Dohrenwend%2C+J+C%3BStone%2C+B+D%3BAnderson%2C+M%3BDerasary%2C+L%3BDohrenwend%2C+K+A%3BLaustrup%2C+M%3BMiller%2C+R%3BOwens%2C+T%3BTortorici%2C+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dohrenwend&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=16%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=180&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-12-29 N1 - Date created - 1994-12-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Gene symbol - CYP 1A1 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Time-dependent effects of acute chlorpyrifos administration on spatial delayed alternation and cholinergic neurochemistry in weanling rats. AN - 76719281; 7522308 AB - On postnatal day 21 (PND21), Long-Evans rat pups received a single subcutaneous injection of either 0 (corn oil vehicle), 90, 120, or 240 mg/kg chlorpyrifos and were then tested for T-maze delayed alternation on PND23 or 26. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and muscaranic receptor density [i.e., quinuclidinyl benzilate (QNB) binding] were determined in hippocampus and cortex of brains taken from pups 15 hours after the end of behavioral testing (i.e., the morning of PND24, and 27). Pups exposed to the 240 mg/kg dose of chlorpyrifos showed signs of overt toxicity that precluded behavioral testing. Exposure to the 120 mg/kg dose produced a selective memory impairment (ie., a deficit in delayed alternation but not position discrimination) relative to the 90 mg/kg and vehicle groups. This impairment was transient, however, as it appeared on PND23 and was absent by PND26. PND21 exposure to chlorpyrifos produced dose-related inhibition and recovery of brain AChE over the PND24-27 age range. A similar pattern was observed in hippocampus. Binding of [3H]QNB was reduced in frontal cortex on PND27 only at the 240 mg/kg dose. No significant effects were observed in the hippocampus. These results suggest that the neurochemical effects of acute chlorpyrifos administration are more transient, and the behavioral effects are smaller and shorter-lived than what has been reported in adult rats. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Stanton, M E AU - Mundy, W R AU - Ward, T AU - Dulchinos, V AU - Barry, C C AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 201 EP - 208 VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - Receptors, Muscarinic KW - 0 KW - Quinuclidinyl Benzilate KW - 6581-06-2 KW - Acetylcholinesterase KW - EC 3.1.1.7 KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - JCS58I644W KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cerebral Cortex -- drug effects KW - Cerebral Cortex -- enzymology KW - Memory -- drug effects KW - Hippocampus -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Brain -- enzymology KW - Cognition -- drug effects KW - Hippocampus -- growth & development KW - Acetylcholinesterase -- metabolism KW - Cerebral Cortex -- growth & development KW - Receptors, Muscarinic -- drug effects KW - Hippocampus -- enzymology KW - Quinuclidinyl Benzilate -- pharmacology KW - Brain -- growth & development KW - Space Perception -- drug effects KW - Parasympathetic Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Brain Chemistry -- drug effects KW - Chlorpyrifos -- pharmacology KW - Parasympathetic Nervous System -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76719281?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Time-dependent+effects+of+acute+chlorpyrifos+administration+on+spatial+delayed+alternation+and+cholinergic+neurochemistry+in+weanling+rats.&rft.au=Stanton%2C+M+E%3BMundy%2C+W+R%3BWard%2C+T%3BDulchinos%2C+V%3BBarry%2C+C+C&rft.aulast=Stanton&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-10-17 N1 - Date created - 1994-10-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A potential role for altered protein phosphorylation in the mediation of developmental neurotoxicity. AN - 76717998; 8090360 AB - Protein phosphorylation represents a major post-translational mechanism through which numerous physiological processes are regulated. In the central nervous system, many extracellular messengers appear to exert their effects by regulating the intracellular concentration of specific second messengers which in turn activate specific phosphoprotein kinases. The diversity of these kinases and their substrates provide the means through which the diversity of brain cell types integrate and process extracellular signals. Increasing evidence indicates that specific phosphoproteins are involved in various aspects of brain development such as gene expression, protein synthesis, and cellular differentiation (e.g. growth cone formation, synaptogenesis). There are 3 essential components to all phosphorylation systems: 1) a specific protein kinase that, in the presence of ATP and Mg++, catalyzes the phosphorylation reaction; 2) a substrate protein that exists in either a phospho- or dephospho-form and 3) a protein phosphatase that catalyzes the removal of the phosphate group. All of these components represent putative targets for developmental neurotoxicants. In the adult nervous system, protein phosphorylation recently has been show to play a role in ischemia, neurodegenerative disease and specific neurotoxic exposures. Together, these observations provide the background for a discussion of the potential role of this key signal transduction system as a mediator of developmental neurotoxicity. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - O'Callaghan, J P AD - Neurotoxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 29 EP - 40 VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - Nerve Tissue Proteins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Phosphorylation KW - Humans KW - Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Nerve Tissue Proteins -- metabolism KW - Nervous System -- growth & development KW - Nervous System Diseases -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76717998?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=A+potential+role+for+altered+protein+phosphorylation+in+the+mediation+of+developmental+neurotoxicity.&rft.au=O%27Callaghan%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=O%27Callaghan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-10-17 N1 - Date created - 1994-10-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alteration of life span of mice chronically exposed to 2.45 GHz CW microwaves. AN - 76682740; 8074734 AB - Female CD1 mice were exposed from the thirty-fifth day of age for the remainder of their lives to 2.45 GHz, CW-microwave radiation at a power density of 3 or 10 mW/cm2 (SAR = 2.0 or 6.8 W/kg). Exposures took place 1 h/day, 5 day/week in an anechoic chamber at an ambient temperature of 22 degrees C and a relative humidity of 50%. There were 25 animals in each exposure group, and an equal number of controls were concurrently sham exposed. The average life span of animals exposed at 10 mW/cm2 was significantly shorter than that of sham-exposed controls (572 days vs. 706 days; P = .049; truncation > 20%). In contrast, the average lifespan of the animals exposed at 3 mW/cm2 was slightly, but not significantly, longer (738 days) than that of controls (706 days). JF - Bioelectromagnetics AU - Liddle, C G AU - Putnam, J P AU - Huey, O P AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 177 EP - 181 VL - 15 IS - 3 SN - 0197-8462, 0197-8462 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Animals KW - Survival Rate KW - Life Expectancy KW - Mice KW - Female KW - Microwaves -- adverse effects KW - Microwaves -- classification KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Longevity -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76682740?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioelectromagnetics&rft.atitle=Alteration+of+life+span+of+mice+chronically+exposed+to+2.45+GHz+CW+microwaves.&rft.au=Liddle%2C+C+G%3BPutnam%2C+J+P%3BHuey%2C+O+P&rft.aulast=Liddle&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioelectromagnetics&rft.issn=01978462&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-09-29 N1 - Date created - 1994-09-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dose-response relationship in multistage carcinogenesis: promoters. AN - 76489371; 8187717 AB - Published dose-response curves of promoters of multistage carcinogenesis were selected that met the combined criteria of long study times, multiple doses, and low doses. In rat liver, 12 dose-response studies of 7 different promoters (phenobarbital, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin [TCDD], clophen A-50 (a polychlorinated biphenyl), alpha-, beta-, and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane [HCH], and chloroform) were selected. These promoters were studied for 7-86 weeks and either altered hepatic foci or hepatic cancer were determined. The doses ranged from 1 ng (TCDD) to 400 mg (chloroform). In mouse skin, 10 dose-response studies of 4 promoters (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate [TPA], anthralin, chrysarobin, and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroperoxyl-2,5-cyclohexadienone [BHTOOH]) were selected. In these mouse skin studies the doses ranged from 0.425 nmole (TPA) to 20,000 nmole (BHTOOH) per mouse. The length of time promoters were applied to the skin varied between 15 and 60 weeks. Either skin papillomas or carcinomas were determined. The dose-response relationships are presented on the basis of moles of promoter, percentage of the fully effective promoting dose, or percentage of the acute oral rat LD50. The degree of concavity of the dose-response curves was determined. The available dose-response data are critiqued and discussed on the basis of future research needs for biologically based cancer risk assessment models. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Kitchin, K T AU - Brown, J L AU - Setzer, R W AD - Genetic Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/01// PY - 1994 DA - January 1994 SP - 255 EP - 264 VL - 102 Suppl 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Mice KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Female KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- pathology KW - Skin Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Carcinoma, Hepatocellular -- pathology KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Papilloma -- chemically induced KW - Carcinoma, Hepatocellular -- chemically induced KW - Carcinoma -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76489371?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Dose-response+relationship+in+multistage+carcinogenesis%3A+promoters.&rft.au=Kitchin%2C+K+T%3BBrown%2C+J+L%3BSetzer%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Kitchin&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=102+Suppl+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=255&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-06-23 N1 - Date created - 1994-06-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1979 Mar 15;47(3):537-46 [442093] Cancer Res. 1991 Mar 1;51(5):1398-405 [1900038] Carcinog Compr Surv. 1982;7:111-25 [7039825] Carcinogenesis. 1984 Mar;5(3):351-5 [6142772] Cancer Res. 1985 Jun;45(6):2584-9 [3986797] IARC Sci Publ. 1984;(56):487-94 [6443107] Cancer Lett. 1985 Oct;29(1):59-63 [2866029] Br J Exp Pathol. 1986 Feb;67(1):131-9 [3947531] Annu Rev Public Health. 1986;7:151-69 [3521642] Cancer Lett. 1986 Sep;32(3):305-11 [3768856] Cancer Res. 1987 Jan 1;47(1):80-8 [2431769] Cancer Res. 1987 Jul 15;47(14):3783-90 [3109733] Arch Toxicol. 1987;60(1-3):209-11 [2887150] Carcinogenesis. 1987 Oct;8(10):1491-9 [2888545] Environ Health Perspect. 1987 Aug;73:259-306 [3311725] Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol. 1988 Sep;61(3):291-303 [3141995] Cancer Invest. 1989;7(3):267-76 [2676090] Mutat Res. 1990 Sep;239(2):117-32 [2200957] Science. 1990 Aug 31;249(4972):1007-11 [2204108] J Environ Pathol Toxicol. 1980;3(3 Spec No):55-68 [7365386] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physiologically based pharmacokinetics and cancer risk assessment. AN - 76479160; 8187697 AB - Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling involves mathematically describing the complex interplay of the critical physicochemical and biological determinants involved in the disposition of chemicals. In this approach, the body is divided into a number of biologically relevant tissue compartments, arranged in an anatomically accurate manner, and defined with appropriate physiological characteristics. The extrapolation of pharmacokinetic behavior of chemicals from high dose to low dose for various exposure routes and species is possible with this approach because these models are developed by integrating quantitative information on the critical determinants of chemical disposition under a biological modeling framework. The principal application of PBPK models is in the prediction of tissue dosimetry of toxic moiety (e.g., parent chemical, reactive metabolite, macromolecular adduct) of a chemical. Such an application has been demonstrated with dichloromethane, a liver and lung carcinogen in the B6C3F1 mouse. The PBPK model-based risk assessment approach estimated a cancer risk to people of 3.7 x 10(-8) for a lifetime inhalation exposure of 1 micrograms/m3, which is lower by more than two orders of magnitude than that calculated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency using the linearized multistage model (for low-dose extrapolation) and body surface correction factor (for interspecies scaling). The capability of predicting the target tissue exposure to toxic moiety in people with PBPK models should help reduce the uncertainty associated with the extrapolation procedures adopted in conventional dose-response assessment. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Andersen, M E AU - Krishnan, K AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/01// PY - 1994 DA - January 1994 SP - 103 EP - 108 VL - 102 Suppl 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Methylene Chloride KW - 588X2YUY0A KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Methylene Chloride -- toxicity KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Liver Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Methylene Chloride -- pharmacokinetics KW - Mice KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Lung Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Female KW - Carcinogenicity Tests -- methods KW - Models, Biological UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76479160?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Physiologically+based+pharmacokinetics+and+cancer+risk+assessment.&rft.au=Andersen%2C+M+E%3BKrishnan%2C+K&rft.aulast=Andersen&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=102+Suppl+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-06-23 N1 - Date created - 1994-06-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Risk Anal. 1987 Mar;7(1):109-19 [3615992] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1987 Feb;87(2):185-205 [3824380] Toxicol Lett. 1988 Oct;43(1-3):97-116 [3176073] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1989 Mar 15;98(1):87-99 [2929023] Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 1989 Jun;9(3):230-5 [2756170] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1989 Oct;13(3):533-44 [2612786] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1990 Aug;105(1):37-54 [2392805] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1990 Sep 15;105(3):443-59 [2237918] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1991 Mar;32(3):247-67 [2002511] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1991 Mar 15;108(1):14-27 [1900959] Biochem J. 1991 Mar 1;274 ( Pt 2):409-14 [1848757] Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 1991;31:503-23 [2064384] Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1956 Jan;91(1):122-6 [13297726] Drug Metab Dispos. 1974 Jan-Feb;2(1):53-7 [4150134] Br J Ind Med. 1979 Aug;36(3):231-4 [500783] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1981 Jun;66(6):1037-52 [6941039] Biochem Med. 1984 Aug;32(1):43-56 [6541908] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1986 Feb;82(2):211-23 [3945949] Toxicol Lett. 1988 Oct;43(1-3):189-200 [3176064] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermoregulatory effects of chlorpyrifos in the rat: long-term changes in cholinergic and noradrenergic sensitivity. AN - 76477446; 7514260 AB - Subcutaneous injection of a sublethal dose of chlorpyrifos (CHLP), an organophosphate (OP) pesticide, causes long-term inhibition in cholinesterase activity (ChE) of brain, blood, and other tissues. Such prolonged inhibition in ChE should lead to marked behavioral and autonomic thermoregulatory patterns, especially in terms of altered noradrenergic and cholinergic sensitivity. To evaluate the behavioral and autonomic effects of long-term ChE inhibition, Long-Evans rats were implanted with radiotelemetry transmitters that continuously monitored core temperature (Tc), heart rate (HR), and motor activity (MA). These parameters were monitored for 7 days following a single injection of peanut oil (vehicle control) or 280 mg/kg CHLP. CHLP led to a significant reduction in Tc during the first night after treatment but had no other effects on Tc. CHLP also resulted in a significant elevation in HR which lasted for approximately 72 h. Motor activity was unaffected by CHLP. Cholinergic and noradrenergic drug sensitivity was assessed between 7 and 25 days after CHLP. CHLP-treated rats were more sensitive to norepinephrine as based on a greater hyperthermic response. MA of CHLP-treated rats was more sensitive to scopolamine. On the other hand, the hypothermic effects of oxotremorine (0.4 mg/kg) were nearly abolished by CHLP treatment, indicating tolerance to cholinergic stimulation. The tachycardic effects of methyscopolamine were also greater in the CHLP group. Overall, the acute effects of CHLP are unusual compared to other OP's in that there is no hypothermic response, an attenuated nocturnal elevation in Tc and a prolonged elevation in HR.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Gordon, C J AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. PY - 1994 SP - 1 EP - 9 VL - 16 IS - 1 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - Parasympatholytics KW - Scopolamine Derivatives KW - Oxotremorine KW - 5RY0UWH1JL KW - Cholinesterases KW - EC 3.1.1.8 KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - JCS58I644W KW - N-Methylscopolamine KW - VDR09VTQ8U KW - Norepinephrine KW - X4W3ENH1CV KW - Index Medicus KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Oxotremorine -- pharmacology KW - Cholinesterases -- blood KW - Parasympatholytics -- pharmacology KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Scopolamine Derivatives -- pharmacology KW - Rats KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Brain -- enzymology KW - Cholinesterases -- metabolism KW - Heart Rate -- drug effects KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Norepinephrine -- pharmacology KW - Parasympathetic Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Sympathetic Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Chlorpyrifos -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76477446?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=Thermoregulatory+effects+of+chlorpyrifos+in+the+rat%3A+long-term+changes+in+cholinergic+and+noradrenergic+sensitivity.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-06-16 N1 - Date created - 1994-06-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of beam-hardening and K-edge filters for imaging barium and iodine during fluoroscopy. AN - 76462103; 8164575 AB - This study investigated the dose reduction performance of several beam-hardening and K-edge filter materials for the imaging of barium or iodine during fluoroscopy. A computer model was developed to simulate the effect of added filtration on entrance exposure rate (Xp), integral dose rate (Di), contrast (C), signal to noise ratio (SNR), imaging performance per dose (SNR2/Di), and tube load. The model incorporated the response characteristics, in both manual and automatic control modes of operation, of fluoroscopic systems to increasing or decreasing x-ray intensity at the input of the image intensifier. Input parameters to the computer model included choice of filter material and thickness, a barium or iodine test object, tube potential, phantom thickness, a CsI input phosphor, and a set of algorithms for controlling the fluoroscopic system. In all cases, the performance of systems with added filtration was judged with respect to a reference system operating under comparable conditions. In general, either beam-hardening or K-edge filters provided a significant reduction in entrance exposure and integral dose rates, but with an attendant increase in tube load. For a fluoroscopic system constrained to follow a representative automatic brightness control algorithm, added filtration provided a reduction in entrance exposure and integral dose rates for all phantom or uniformly distributed barium thickness. However, the imaging performance per dose, in some cases, decreased rapidly and was less than that of the reference system at large thicknesses. Only as change in the algorithm controlling the kVcp and mA operating points on the fluoroscopic system provided an imaging performance per dose greater than the reference system's at large thicknesses. The practical implementation of adding filtration to fluoroscopic systems is most simply accomplished with beam-hardening filters rather than K-edge filters. However, the systems with K-edge added filtration can provide slightly better performance when used over a limited range of phantom thicknesses such as the range normally associated with pediatric patients. JF - Medical physics AU - Gagne, R M AU - Quinn, P W AU - Jennings, R J AD - Office of Science and Technology, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland 20857. Y1 - 1994/01// PY - 1994 DA - January 1994 SP - 107 EP - 121 VL - 21 IS - 1 SN - 0094-2405, 0094-2405 KW - Barium KW - 24GP945V5T KW - Iodine KW - 9679TC07X4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Models, Structural KW - Computer Simulation KW - Humans KW - Filtration -- instrumentation KW - Algorithms KW - Biophysical Phenomena KW - Biophysics KW - Fluoroscopy -- instrumentation KW - Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76462103?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Medical+physics&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+beam-hardening+and+K-edge+filters+for+imaging+barium+and+iodine+during+fluoroscopy.&rft.au=Gagne%2C+R+M%3BQuinn%2C+P+W%3BJennings%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Gagne&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Medical+physics&rft.issn=00942405&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-05-26 N1 - Date created - 1994-05-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cytogenetic effects of phosphine inhalation by rodents. I: Acute 6-hour exposure of mice. AN - 76449108; 8162892 AB - Phosphine (PH3) is a highly toxic grain fumigant that can be produced from the reaction of metal phosphides with water. To determine the in vivo cytogenetic effects of inhalation of PH3, male CD-1 mice were exposed to either 0, 5, 10, or 15 ppm target concentrations of PH3 for 6 hr. Twenty hours after the termination of exposure, the spleens of the mice were removed, macerated, and the splenocytes cultured for analyses of sister chromatid exchanges, chromosome aberrations, and micronuclei in cytochalasin B-induced binucleated cells. In addition, bone marrow smears were made for the analysis of micronuclei in polychromatic erythrocytes. No increase in any of the cytogenetic endpoints was found at any of the concentrations examined. The only statistically significant response was a concentration-related slowing of the cell cycle in the splenocytes. JF - Environmental and molecular mutagenesis AU - Kligerman, A D AU - Bryant, M F AU - Doerr, C L AU - Erexson, G L AU - Kwanyuen, P AU - McGee, J K AD - Genetic Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 186 EP - 189 VL - 23 IS - 3 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Phosphines KW - phosphine KW - FW6947296I KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Erythrocytes -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Spleen -- cytology KW - Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Micronucleus Tests KW - Sister Chromatid Exchange KW - Spleen -- drug effects KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Time Factors KW - Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Phosphines -- administration & dosage KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Phosphines -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- administration & dosage KW - Cell Cycle -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76449108?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Cytogenetic+effects+of+phosphine+inhalation+by+rodents.+I%3A+Acute+6-hour+exposure+of+mice.&rft.au=Kligerman%2C+A+D%3BBryant%2C+M+F%3BDoerr%2C+C+L%3BErexson%2C+G+L%3BKwanyuen%2C+P%3BMcGee%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=Kligerman&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=186&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-05-23 N1 - Date created - 1994-05-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and impact of the Gene-Tox-Program, genetic activity profiles, and their computerized data bases. AN - 76443751; 8162911 AB - This invited historical review traces the development and impact of two major data bases in the field of genetic toxicology. Discussed from a personal perspective are the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Gene-Tox Program and the EPA/International Agency for Research on Cancer Genetic Activity Profiles (GAPs) and their respective data bases. Whereas Gene-Tox was focused on the assessment of short-term tests and their role in predicting carcinogens and mutagens, GAPs and the GAP data base were designed specifically to aid in the evaluation of individual chemicals. Both data bases have been computerized. Gene-Tox is available on TOXNET and GAP is available in a personal computer format from the author. The Gene-Tox and GAP data bases appear to have had substantial impact, particularly on hazard identification activities in cancer risk assessment. JF - Environmental and molecular mutagenesis AU - Waters, M D AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 67 EP - 72 VL - 23 Suppl 24 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Microcomputers KW - National Library of Medicine (U.S.) KW - MEDLARS KW - Humans KW - Societies, Scientific KW - Program Development KW - Carcinogenicity Tests KW - Databases, Factual UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76443751?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Development+and+impact+of+the+Gene-Tox-Program%2C+genetic+activity+profiles%2C+and+their+computerized+data+bases.&rft.au=Waters%2C+M+D&rft.aulast=Waters&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=23+Suppl+24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-05-23 N1 - Date created - 1994-05-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Respiratory responses to repeated prolonged exposure to 0.12 ppm ozone. AN - 76361163; 8111607 AB - Repeated exposure to high concentrations of ozone results first in augmentation (typically on the second day) and then attenuation of pulmonary response in humans. To determine the effects of repeated prolonged low-concentration ozone exposure, we exposed 17 healthy nonsmoking male subjects to 0.12 ppm ozone for 6.6 h on 5 consecutive days. Subjects were also exposed once to filtered air. Volunteers exercised at a ventilation of approximately 39 L/min for 50 min of each hour during the exposure. Spirometry, plethysmography, and symptom responses were obtained before, during, and after each exposure. Nasal lavage and aerosol bolus dispersion were obtained before and after exposure. Spirometry decreased and symptoms increased on the first day. Responses were less on the second day compared with those on the first day, and they were absent compared with control values on the subsequent 3 days of ozone exposure. Percent change in FEV1 after ozone exposure compared with that after air exposure averaged -12.79, -8.73, -2.54, -0.6, +0.18% for Days 1 to 5 of ozone exposure, respectively. FEV1 responses ranged from a zero to 34% decrease on Days 1 and 2. After each exposure, we determined the ratio of SRaw after inhaling a fixed dose of methacholine to SRaw after inhaling saline aerosol, as an index of airway responsiveness. Airway responsiveness was significantly increased after each ozone exposure. The mean ratios were 2.22, 3.67, 4.55, 3.99, 3.24, and 3.74 for filtered air and ozone Days 1 to 5, respectively. Symptoms of cough and pain on deep inspiration increased significantly on ozone Day 1 only.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine AU - Folinsbee, L J AU - Horstman, D H AU - Kehrl, H R AU - Harder, S AU - Abdul-Salaam, S AU - Ives, P J AD - Clinical Research Branch, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/01// PY - 1994 DA - January 1994 SP - 98 EP - 105 VL - 149 IS - 1 SN - 1073-449X, 1073-449X KW - Methacholine Chloride KW - 0W5ETF9M2K KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Vital Capacity KW - Bronchial Provocation Tests KW - Humans KW - Forced Expiratory Volume KW - Cough -- etiology KW - Inflammation KW - Exercise Test KW - Pain -- etiology KW - Plethysmography, Whole Body KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Bronchial Hyperreactivity -- diagnosis KW - Bronchial Hyperreactivity -- chemically induced KW - Bronchial Hyperreactivity -- complications KW - Bronchial Hyperreactivity -- physiopathology KW - Ozone -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76361163?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.atitle=Respiratory+responses+to+repeated+prolonged+exposure+to+0.12+ppm+ozone.&rft.au=Folinsbee%2C+L+J%3BHorstman%2C+D+H%3BKehrl%2C+H+R%3BHarder%2C+S%3BAbdul-Salaam%2C+S%3BIves%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Folinsbee&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=149&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=98&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.issn=1073449X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-03-28 N1 - Date created - 1994-03-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of methods for monitoring the potential exposure of small children to pesticides in the residential environment. AN - 76356566; 8110022 AB - A nine-home pilot study was conducted to evaluate monitoring methods in the field that may be used to assess the potential exposures of children aged 6 months to 5 years to pesticides found in the home environment. Several methods, some of which were newly developed in this study, were tested for measuring pesticide residues in indoor air, carpet dust, outdoor soil, and on the children's hands. Information was also collected on household characteristics, pesticides used and stored at the residence, and children's activities. Pesticides were detected at all nine study homes. With the exception of one home, at least one pesticide was detected in all matrices sampled at each house. Of the 30 target pesticides, 23 were detected during the study. The most frequently detected pesticides were chlordane, chlorpyrifos, dieldrin, hepatachlor, and pentachlorophenol. The greatest number of pesticides and highest concentrations were found in carpet dust. The results of these investigations will be discussed in terms of performance of the methods and the distribution of pesticides across the various media sampled. JF - Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Lewis, R G AU - Fortmann, R C AU - Camann, D E AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711-2055. Y1 - 1994/01// PY - 1994 DA - January 1994 SP - 37 EP - 46 VL - 26 IS - 1 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Infant KW - Humans KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Pilot Projects KW - Child, Preschool KW - Pesticides -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76356566?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+methods+for+monitoring+the+potential+exposure+of+small+children+to+pesticides+in+the+residential+environment.&rft.au=Lewis%2C+R+G%3BFortmann%2C+R+C%3BCamann%2C+D+E&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-03-18 N1 - Date created - 1994-03-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutation spectrum of a binary mixture of mutagens (methapyrilene and sodium azide) in strain TA1535 of Salmonella. AN - 76348068; 7508564 AB - Methapyrilene (MP) is a rat-liver carcinogen and cocarcinogen that exhibits a narrow spectrum of mutagenic activity in Salmonella typhimurium, inducing only a 2-fold increase in revertants only in the base-substitution strain TA1535; it also enhances the mutagenic activity of sodium azide (NaN3) in the same strain. To examine the effects of MP at the molecular level, we used the colony probe hybridization procedure developed by Cebula and Koch (Mutation Res., 229 (1990) 79-87) to identify the base substitutions in approximately 800 background, MP-, NaN3-, and MP + NaN3-induced revertants of the hisG46 allele of strain TA1535. The predominant mutation in all 4 mutation spectra was a CCC-->CTC transition. The results suggest a mechanism by which MP enhances the infidelity of the DNA replication complex or inhibits a DNA repair or proofreading function, resulting in the production of more of the same error that occurs normally and that is also induced by NaN3. Such a mechanism might be the basis for the carcinogenic and cocarcinogenic activities of MP. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the molecular analysis of mutants produced by exposure of cells to a binary mixture of mutagens. JF - Mutation research AU - Shelton, M L AU - Ashby, J AU - DeMarini, D M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. PY - 1994 SP - 35 EP - 39 VL - 323 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Azides KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Sodium Azide KW - 968JJ8C9DV KW - Methapyrilene KW - A01LX40298 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- drug effects KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Methapyrilene -- toxicity KW - Azides -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76348068?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Mutation+spectrum+of+a+binary+mixture+of+mutagens+%28methapyrilene+and+sodium+azide%29+in+strain+TA1535+of+Salmonella.&rft.au=Shelton%2C+M+L%3BAshby%2C+J%3BDeMarini%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Shelton&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=323&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-03-11 N1 - Date created - 1994-03-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spermatid micronucleus analyses of trichloroethylene and chloral hydrate effects in mice. AN - 76345500; 7508572 AB - Mice were exposed by inhalation to trichloroethylene (TCE) or by i.p. injection to the TCE metabolite, chloral hydrate (CH). Early spermatids were analyzed for micronucleus (MN) frequency and the presence or absence of kinetochore(s) using fluorochrome-labeled anti-kinetochore antibodies. It was determined that 5 consecutive days of exposure to 5, 50 or 500 ppm TCE during preleptotene through early pachytene stages of meiotic cell development do not result in increased frequencies of spermatid MN. CH at 41, 83 or 165 mg/kg was positive for spermatid MN induction when treatments corresponded to spermatogonial stem cell or preleptotene spermatocyte stages of development; negative results were obtained after treatments of leptotene-zygotene or diakinesis-metaphase stages. The significantly increased levels of MN observed were invariably of the kinetochore-negative type. JF - Mutation research AU - Allen, J W AU - Collins, B W AU - Evansky, P A AD - Genetic Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. PY - 1994 SP - 81 EP - 88 VL - 323 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Trichloroethylene KW - 290YE8AR51 KW - Chloral Hydrate KW - 418M5916WG KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Micronucleus Tests KW - Aneuploidy KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Male KW - Spermatids -- drug effects KW - Chloral Hydrate -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Trichloroethylene -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76345500?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Spermatid+micronucleus+analyses+of+trichloroethylene+and+chloral+hydrate+effects+in+mice.&rft.au=Allen%2C+J+W%3BCollins%2C+B+W%3BEvansky%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=323&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-03-11 N1 - Date created - 1994-03-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prenatal cocaine eliminates the sex-dependent differences in activation observed in adult rats after cocaine challenge. AN - 76333267; 8275336 AB - In the adult rat, acute administration of cocaine results in enhanced expression of certain behaviors. This activation is often referred to as "stereotypy" because of its repetitive nature. Repeated exposure to the same dose of cocaine does not result in tolerance or a dimunition of these behavioral responses. Rather, an increased responsiveness to cocaine, termed "sensitization," is observed. Female rats, in comparison to male rats, display greater activation to a given dose of cocaine and greater sensitization with repeated exposure. As prenatal cocaine exposure can involve repeated exposure to the drug, we examined the behavioral activation induced by an acute dose of cocaine. Young adult rats of both sexes received a challenge dose of cocaine to determine the long-term effects of repeated in utero exposure to cocaine (30 mg/kg daily, SC) given between gestational days 8-20. As expected, female offspring of dams exposed to saline in utero displayed greater activation to a 20 mg/kg SC dosage of cocaine than their male counterparts. However, these sex differences were completely eliminated by prenatal exposure to cocaine. That is, female rats receiving cocaine during the prenatal period showed no more activation to an acute dose of cocaine as young adults than either control males or those males receiving cocaine in utero. Males exposed in utero to cocaine showed activation to cocaine challenge equivalent to that displayed by males exposed to saline in utero. Prenatal exposure to cocaine may alter sexual differentiation of the brain. JF - Brain research bulletin AU - Miller, D B AU - Seidler, F J AD - Neurotoxicology Division, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 179 EP - 182 VL - 33 IS - 2 SN - 0361-9230, 0361-9230 KW - Estrogens KW - 0 KW - Cocaine KW - I5Y540LHVR KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Grooming KW - Estrogens -- metabolism KW - Locomotion KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Sex Characteristics KW - Stereotyped Behavior -- drug effects KW - Cocaine -- pharmacology KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76333267?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+research+bulletin&rft.atitle=Prenatal+cocaine+eliminates+the+sex-dependent+differences+in+activation+observed+in+adult+rats+after+cocaine+challenge.&rft.au=Miller%2C+D+B%3BSeidler%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+research+bulletin&rft.issn=03619230&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-02-10 N1 - Date created - 1994-02-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Group contribution method for predicting probability and rate of aerobic biodegradation AN - 745657850; 134775 AB - Two independent training sets were used to develop four mathematical models for predicting aerobic biodegradability from chemical structure. All four of the models are based on multiple regressions against counts of 36 preselected chemical substructures plus molecular weight. Two of the models, based on linear and nonlinear regressions, calculate the probability of rapid biodegradation and can be used to classify chemicals as rapidly or not rapidly biodegradable. The training set for these models consisted of qualitative summary evaluations of all available experimental data on biodegradability for 295 chemicals. The other two models allow semi-quantitative prediction of primary and ultimate biodegradation rates using multiple linear regression. The training set for these models consisted of estimates of primary and ultimate biodegradation rates for 200 chemicals, gathered in a survey of 17 biodegradation experts. The two probability models correctly classified 90% of the chemicals in their training set, whereas the two survey chemicals calculated biodegradation rates for the survey chemicals with R super(2) greater than or less than 0.7. These four models are intended for use in chemical screening and in setting priorities for further review. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Boethling, R S AU - Howard, R H AU - Meylan, W AU - Stiteler, W AU - Beauman, J AU - Tirado, N AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 459 EP - 465 VL - 28 IS - 3 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Aerobic biodegradation KW - Forecasting KW - Group contribution method KW - Molecular structure KW - Molecular weight KW - Multiple regressions KW - Probability KW - Regression analysis KW - Training sets KW - Weathering KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts KW - Mathematical models KW - Organic compounds KW - W4 922.1:PROBABILITY THEORY KW - EE 461.9:BIOLOGY KW - W4 802.2:CHEMICAL REACTIONS KW - EE 454.1:ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (GENERAL) KW - W4 461.9:BIOLOGY KW - W4 921:APPLIED MATHEMATICS KW - EE 922.1:PROBABILITY THEORY KW - EE 921:APPLIED MATHEMATICS KW - EE 802.2:CHEMICAL REACTIONS KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 454.1:ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (GENERAL) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745657850?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Group+contribution+method+for+predicting+probability+and+rate+of+aerobic+biodegradation&rft.au=Boethling%2C+R+S%3BHoward%2C+R+H%3BMeylan%2C+W%3BStiteler%2C+W%3BBeauman%2C+J%3BTirado%2C+N&rft.aulast=Boethling&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=459&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Probability; Mathematical models; Molecular weight; Regression analysis; Weathering; Organic compounds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bacterial flux from chaparral into the atmosphere in mid-summer at a high desert location AN - 745657328; 128625 AB - Estimates of the bacterial flux for a daylight cycle were observed at the Hanford Nuclear Reservation, Richland, WA, during June 1992, using a modified Bowen ratio method. The upward daytime bacterial flux was coupled with the solar radiation/sensible heat cycle, but commenced 2 h later in the morning and ceased 3 h earlier in the afternoon. During this period, the maximum flux was ca. 17,000 Colony Forming Units (CFU) m super(-2) h super(-1) occurring at solar noon, resulting in a total upward bacterial flux of ca. 76,000 CFU m super(-2) for the time period. During this same period, the integrated total viable bacterial concentration in the atmosphere was only 0.81% of total upward bacterial flux. The high temperatures (e.g. 45 degree C), low relative humidity (e.g. 10%), and particularly high solar radiation (e.g. 910 W m super(-2)) are thought to be the lethal agents in the high desert atmosphere. The decreasing concentration of bacteria in the atmosphere was found to slow within 30 min of the initiation of the upward flux bacteria. Even though the upward flux of bacteria decreased after solar noon, the bacterial concentration in the atmosphere continued to increase. Presumably, this is due to reduced solar radiation in the afternoon allowing greater survival of the released bacteria and smaller dilution of entering bacteria into the shallow nocturnal mixed layer. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Lighthart, B AU - Shaffer, B T AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis, OR, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 1267 EP - 1274 VL - 28 IS - 7 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Atmospheric composition KW - Atmospheric humidity KW - Atmospheric thermodynamics KW - Bacterial flux KW - Bioaerosol KW - Bowen ratio method KW - Chaparral KW - Fluxes KW - Landforms KW - Plants (botany) KW - Relative humidity effects KW - Release rate KW - Thermal effects KW - Vegetation KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Bacteria KW - Solar radiation KW - W4 641.1:THERMODYNAMICS KW - W4 461.9:BIOLOGY KW - W4 481.1:GEOLOGY KW - W4 443.1:ATMOSPHERIC PROPERTIES KW - W4 657.1:SOLAR ENERGY AND PHENOMENA KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745657328?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Bacterial+flux+from+chaparral+into+the+atmosphere+in+mid-summer+at+a+high+desert+location&rft.au=Lighthart%2C+B%3BShaffer%2C+B+T&rft.aulast=Lighthart&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bacteria; Solar radiation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Photolysis of smoke dyes on soils AN - 52825144; 1996-058199 JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Adams, R L AU - Weber, Eric J AU - Baughman, George L Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 889 EP - 896 PB - Pergamon, New York, NY VL - 13 IS - 6 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - soils KW - toxic materials KW - degradation KW - quinophthalone KW - pollutants KW - anthraquinone KW - physicochemical properties KW - oxidation KW - photochemistry KW - dye tracers KW - pollution KW - chemical waste KW - smoke KW - photodegradation KW - detection KW - transport KW - photolysis KW - industrial waste KW - chemical properties KW - kinetics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52825144?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Photolysis+of+smoke+dyes+on+soils&rft.au=Adams%2C+R+L%3BWeber%2C+Eric+J%3BBaughman%2C+George+L&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=889&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122563640/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anthraquinone; chemical properties; chemical waste; degradation; detection; dye tracers; industrial waste; kinetics; oxidation; photochemistry; photodegradation; photolysis; physicochemical properties; pollutants; pollution; quinophthalone; smoke; soils; toxic materials; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA concepts of corrective action management units (CAMU's) and temporary units (TU's) to broaden remediation alternatives AN - 52769683; 1996-080644 JF - DGGS Newsletter AU - Honker, William K Y1 - 1994/01// PY - 1994 DA - January 1994 SP - 13 PB - Dallas Geological & Geophysical Societies, Dallas, TX VL - January KW - United States KW - waste management KW - Resource Conservation and Recovery Act KW - government agencies KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - temporary units KW - corrective action management units KW - solid waste KW - remediation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52769683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DGGS+Newsletter&rft.atitle=EPA+concepts+of+corrective+action+management+units+%28CAMU%27s%29+and+temporary+units+%28TU%27s%29+to+broaden+remediation+alternatives&rft.au=Honker%2C+William+K&rft.aulast=Honker&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=January&rft.issue=&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=DGGS+Newsletter&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03768 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - corrective action management units; government agencies; remediation; Resource Conservation and Recovery Act; solid waste; temporary units; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; United States; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulation related to groundwater contamination; the draft groundwater disinfection rule AN - 52755161; 1997-019725 JF - Environmental Science and Pollution Control Series AU - Berger, Philip A2 - Zoller, Uri Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 645 EP - 659 PB - Marcel Dekker, New York - Basel - Hong Kong VL - 11 KW - hazardous waste KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - water quality KW - water supply KW - waste water KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - transport KW - stochastic processes KW - decontamination KW - water treatment KW - residence time KW - disinfection KW - risk assessment KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52755161?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+and+Pollution+Control+Series&rft.atitle=Regulation+related+to+groundwater+contamination%3B+the+draft+groundwater+disinfection+rule&rft.au=Berger%2C+Philip&rft.aulast=Berger&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=645&rft.isbn=0824789911&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+and+Pollution+Control+Series&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03947 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; decontamination; disinfection; ground water; hazardous waste; microorganisms; pollutants; pollution; regulations; residence time; risk assessment; stochastic processes; techniques; transport; waste water; water quality; water supply; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Natural bioreclamation of alkylbenzenes (BTEX) from a gasoline spill in methanogenic groundwater AN - 52720564; 1997-036821 JF - Bioremediation AU - Wilson, J T AU - Kampbell, D H AU - Armstrong, J A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Alleman, Bruce C. A2 - Hoeppel, Ron E. A2 - Miller, Ross N. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 201 EP - 218 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 2, Vol. 2 KW - wells KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - contaminant plumes KW - toluene KW - site exploration KW - unsteady flow KW - reclamation KW - observation wells KW - fluid dynamics KW - Benzie County Michigan KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Michigan Lower Peninsula KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - bioreclamation KW - pollutants KW - gasoline KW - pollution KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - benzene KW - aquifers KW - water table KW - organic compounds KW - alluvium aquifers KW - hydrocarbons KW - xylene KW - Michigan KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52720564?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Natural+bioreclamation+of+alkylbenzenes+%28BTEX%29+from+a+gasoline+spill+in+methanogenic+groundwater&rft.au=Wilson%2C+J+T%3BKampbell%2C+D+H%3BArmstrong%2C+J&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=2%2C+Vol.+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=0873719840&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international symposium on In situ and on-site bioreclamation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alluvium aquifers; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; Benzie County Michigan; bioreclamation; bioremediation; contaminant plumes; fluid dynamics; gasoline; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrocarbons; leaking underground storage tanks; Michigan; Michigan Lower Peninsula; observation wells; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; reclamation; remediation; site exploration; toluene; United States; unsteady flow; water table; wells; xylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical monitoring of California's public drinking water sources; public exposures and health impacts AN - 52718022; 1997-036483 JF - Environmental Science and Pollution Control Series AU - Storm, David L A2 - Wang, Rhoda G. M. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 67 EP - 124 PB - Marcel Dekker, New York - Basel - Hong Kong VL - 9 KW - United States KW - methods KW - California KW - water quality KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - public policy KW - water management KW - purification KW - pollution KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52718022?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+and+Pollution+Control+Series&rft.atitle=Chemical+monitoring+of+California%27s+public+drinking+water+sources%3B+public+exposures+and+health+impacts&rft.au=Storm%2C+David+L&rft.aulast=Storm&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=0824789229&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+and+Pollution+Control+Series&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 15 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03947 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; methods; pollutants; pollution; public policy; purification; regulations; United States; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cold climate applications of bioventing AN - 52717933; 1997-036850 JF - Bioremediation AU - Ong, S K AU - Leeson, A AU - Hinchee, R E AU - Kittel, J AU - Vogel, C M AU - Sayles, G D AU - Miller, R N A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Alleman, Bruce C. A2 - Hoeppel, Ron E. A2 - Miller, Ross N. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 444 EP - 453 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 2, Vol. 2 KW - United States KW - soils KW - Galena Air Force Station Alaska KW - Fairbanks Alaska KW - climatic controls KW - biodegradation KW - soil venting KW - soil vapor extraction KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - petroleum products KW - Eielson Air Force Base KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - case studies KW - organic compounds KW - bioventing KW - decontamination KW - East-Central Alaska KW - arctic environment KW - hydrocarbons KW - Alaska KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52717933?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Cold+climate+applications+of+bioventing&rft.au=Ong%2C+S+K%3BLeeson%2C+A%3BHinchee%2C+R+E%3BKittel%2C+J%3BVogel%2C+C+M%3BSayles%2C+G+D%3BMiller%2C+R+N&rft.aulast=Ong&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=2%2C+Vol.+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=444&rft.isbn=0873719840&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international symposium on In situ and on-site bioreclamation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; arctic environment; biodegradation; bioremediation; bioventing; case studies; climatic controls; decontamination; East-Central Alaska; Eielson Air Force Base; Fairbanks Alaska; Galena Air Force Station Alaska; hydrocarbons; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollution; remediation; soil treatment; soil vapor extraction; soil venting; soils; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemicals in California drinking water; source of comtamination, risk assessment, and drinking water standards AN - 52717466; 1997-036481 JF - Environmental Science and Pollution Control Series AU - Lam, Richard H F AU - Brown, Joseph P AU - Fan, Anna M A2 - Wang, Rhoda G. M. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 15 EP - 44 PB - Marcel Dekker, New York - Basel - Hong Kong VL - 9 KW - United States KW - protection KW - California KW - water quality KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - pollution KW - risk assessment KW - policy KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52717466?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+and+Pollution+Control+Series&rft.atitle=Chemicals+in+California+drinking+water%3B+source+of+comtamination%2C+risk+assessment%2C+and+drinking+water+standards&rft.au=Lam%2C+Richard+H+F%3BBrown%2C+Joseph+P%3BFan%2C+Anna+M&rft.aulast=Lam&rft.aufirst=Richard+H&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=0824789229&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+and+Pollution+Control+Series&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 67 N1 - Document feature - 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03947 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; policy; pollutants; pollution; protection; regulations; risk assessment; United States; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrate-based bioremediation of petroleum-contaminated aquifer at Park City, Kansas; site characterization and treatability study AN - 52714838; 1997-036811 JF - Bioremediation AU - Hutchins, S R AU - Wilson, J T A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Alleman, Bruce C. A2 - Hoeppel, Ron E. A2 - Miller, Ross N. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 80 EP - 92 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 2, Vol. 2 KW - United States KW - toluene KW - site exploration KW - characterization KW - drinking water KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - decontamination KW - denitrification KW - nitrate ion KW - Wichita Kansas KW - Equus Beds Aquifer KW - pollutants KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - Park City Kansas KW - benzene KW - aquifers KW - case studies KW - organic compounds KW - Kansas KW - hydrocarbons KW - Sedgwick County Kansas KW - xylene KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52714838?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Nitrate-based+bioremediation+of+petroleum-contaminated+aquifer+at+Park+City%2C+Kansas%3B+site+characterization+and+treatability+study&rft.au=Hutchins%2C+S+R%3BWilson%2C+J+T&rft.aulast=Hutchins&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=2%2C+Vol.+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=80&rft.isbn=0873719840&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international symposium on In situ and on-site bioreclamation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; bioremediation; case studies; characterization; decontamination; denitrification; drinking water; Equus Beds Aquifer; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrocarbons; Kansas; nitrate ion; organic compounds; Park City Kansas; pollutants; pollution; remediation; Sedgwick County Kansas; site exploration; soil treatment; toluene; United States; Wichita Kansas; xylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water contamination and health; integration of exposure assessment, toxicology, and risk assessment AN - 52714368; 1997-036479 JF - Environmental Science and Pollution Control Series A2 - Wang, Rhoda G. M. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 524 PB - Marcel Dekker, New York - Basel - Hong Kong VL - 9 KW - water quality KW - monitoring KW - toxicity KW - pollution KW - risk assessment KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52714368?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicologic+pathology&rft.issn=01926233&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. tables N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03947 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - monitoring; pollution; risk assessment; toxicity; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactions of drinking water contaminants with aqueous chlorine and monochloramine AN - 52712594; 1997-036482 JF - Environmental Science and Pollution Control Series AU - Scully, Frank E, Jr AU - White, William N AU - Boethling, Robert S A2 - Wang, Rhoda G. M. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 45 EP - 65 PB - Marcel Dekker, New York - Basel - Hong Kong VL - 9 KW - protection KW - chlorine KW - water quality KW - toxicity KW - pollutants KW - water treatment KW - halogens KW - pollution KW - water resources KW - drinking water KW - monochloramine KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52712594?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+and+Pollution+Control+Series&rft.atitle=Reactions+of+drinking+water+contaminants+with+aqueous+chlorine+and+monochloramine&rft.au=Scully%2C+Frank+E%2C+Jr%3BWhite%2C+William+N%3BBoethling%2C+Robert+S&rft.aulast=Scully&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=0824789229&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+and+Pollution+Control+Series&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03947 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorine; drinking water; halogens; monochloramine; pollutants; pollution; protection; toxicity; water quality; water resources; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A retrospective on drinking water AN - 52712561; 1997-036480 JF - Environmental Science and Pollution Control Series AU - Abernathy, Charles O A2 - Wang, Rhoda G. M. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - Marcel Dekker, New York - Basel - Hong Kong VL - 9 KW - United States KW - methods KW - water quality KW - toxicity KW - water management KW - purification KW - pollution KW - water resources KW - remediation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52712561?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+and+Pollution+Control+Series&rft.atitle=A+retrospective+on+drinking+water&rft.au=Abernathy%2C+Charles+O&rft.aulast=Abernathy&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=0824789229&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+and+Pollution+Control+Series&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03947 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - methods; pollution; purification; remediation; toxicity; United States; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermally enhanced vapor stripping AN - 52668558; 1997-075870 JF - Environmental Science and Pollution Control Series AU - Clarke, Ann N AU - Wilson, David J AU - dePercin, Paul R A2 - Wilson, David J. A2 - Clarke, Ann N. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 243 EP - 264 PB - Marcel Dekker, New York - Basel - Hong Kong VL - 6 KW - soils KW - hazardous waste KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - technology KW - pollutants KW - soil vapor extraction KW - PCBs KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - applications KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52668558?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+and+Pollution+Control+Series&rft.atitle=Thermally+enhanced+vapor+stripping&rft.au=Clarke%2C+Ann+N%3BWilson%2C+David+J%3BdePercin%2C+Paul+R&rft.aulast=Clarke&rft.aufirst=Ann&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+and+Pollution+Control+Series&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03947 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; chlorinated hydrocarbons; halogenated hydrocarbons; hazardous waste; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soil vapor extraction; soils; technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Engineering application of biooxidation processes for treating petroleum-contaminated soil AN - 52644710; 1998-001963 JF - Environmental Science and Pollution Control Series AU - Fan, Chi-Yuan AU - Tafuri, Anthony N A2 - Wise, Donald L. A2 - Trantolo, Debra J. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 373 EP - 401 PB - Marcel Dekker, New York - Basel - Hong Kong VL - 8 KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - moisture KW - underground storage tanks KW - pollution KW - petroleum KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - leachate KW - applications KW - pH KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52644710?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+and+Pollution+Control+Series&rft.atitle=Engineering+application+of+biooxidation+processes+for+treating+petroleum-contaminated+soil&rft.au=Fan%2C+Chi-Yuan%3BTafuri%2C+Anthony+N&rft.aulast=Fan&rft.aufirst=Chi-Yuan&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=&rft.spage=373&rft.isbn=0824791606&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+and+Pollution+Control+Series&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03947 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; biodegradation; bioremediation; hydrocarbons; leachate; microorganisms; moisture; monitoring; organic compounds; petroleum; petroleum products; pH; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soils; underground storage tanks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical systematics of secondary phases in mantle eclogites AN - 52614393; 1998-020376 AB - Eclogite xenoliths in kimberlites contain a characteristic secondary assemblage along grain boundaries that is texturally and compositionally distinct from that described for peridotites. Characteristics of these secondary phases have been determined for approximately 60 eclogites from the Bellsbank and Roberts Victor kimberlites, South Africa. The assemblage is dependent on bulk composition: kyanite eclogites have spinel and secondary pyroxene as the dominant phases, whereas bimineralic eclogites have abundant amphibole and phlogopite in addition to these. Along garnet-omphacite boundaries in bimineralic eclogites, the phases show a distinct distribution, with amphibole and spinel in contact with the garnet, the secondary pyroxene epitaxial to the primary pyroxene. Where phlogopite occurs, it is always separated from garnet by amphibole. Compositionally, the secondary phases appear to be closely related to the host primary omphacite in terms of major and minor element (Fe, Mg, Ca, Mn, Ti, and Cr) contents. The second assemblage may be the result of metasomatism, or they may be intrinsic to the host eclogite. Consistent with the interpretation of an igneous origin for these eclogites, it is possible that exclusion of incompatible elements K, Ba, and OH from primary pyroxene may have occurred on cooling from the solidus T, to T of final equilibration of the primary phases. Partial melting and reaction of this fluid phase with the primary phases may then have occurred on ascent of the kimberlite. JF - CPRM - Special Publication AU - McCormick, T C AU - Smyth, J R AU - Caporuscio, F A A2 - Meyer, Henry O. A. A2 - Leonardos, Othon H. Y1 - 1994/01// PY - 1994 DA - January 1994 SP - 405 EP - 419 PB - Companhia de Pesquisa de Recursos Minerais, Rio de Janeiro VL - 1A KW - Bellsbank Mine KW - secondary minerals KW - textures KW - igneous rocks KW - Roberts Victor Mine KW - ultramafic composition KW - metasomatism KW - genesis KW - kimberlite KW - Southern Africa KW - metamorphic rocks KW - inclusions KW - Africa KW - South Africa KW - mineral assemblages KW - Free State South Africa KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - xenoliths KW - eclogite KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52614393?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CPRM+-+Special+Publication&rft.atitle=Chemical+systematics+of+secondary+phases+in+mantle+eclogites&rft.au=McCormick%2C+T+C%3BSmyth%2C+J+R%3BCaporuscio%2C+F+A&rft.aulast=McCormick&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=1A&rft.issue=&rft.spage=405&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=CPRM+-+Special+Publication&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifth international kimberlite conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04580 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; Bellsbank Mine; chemical composition; eclogite; Free State South Africa; genesis; geochemistry; igneous rocks; inclusions; kimberlite; metamorphic rocks; metasomatism; mineral assemblages; Roberts Victor Mine; secondary minerals; South Africa; Southern Africa; textures; ultramafic composition; xenoliths ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of dredging on the sediment quality of Elizabeth Park Marina and Trenton Channel, Detroit River AN - 52294067; 2000-076526 JF - Program and Abstracts - International Association for Great Lakes Research AU - Besser, John M AU - Kubitz, Jody A AU - Giesy, John P AU - Benzie, S AU - Ostaszewski, A AU - Kreis, R AU - Brandt, Stephen AU - Haffner, G D Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 72 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), [location varies] VL - 37 KW - United States KW - North America KW - benthic taxa KW - stream transport KW - sediment transport KW - stream sediments KW - pollution KW - channels KW - bioassays KW - ecosystems KW - Trenton Channel KW - environmental analysis KW - Elizabeth Park Marina KW - dredging KW - Detroit River KW - sediments KW - Michigan KW - fluvial environment KW - heavy metals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52294067?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Effects+of+dredging+on+the+sediment+quality+of+Elizabeth+Park+Marina+and+Trenton+Channel%2C+Detroit+River&rft.au=Besser%2C+John+M%3BKubitz%2C+Jody+A%3BGiesy%2C+John+P%3BBenzie%2C+S%3BOstaszewski%2C+A%3BKreis%2C+R%3BBrandt%2C+Stephen%3BHaffner%2C+G+D&rft.aulast=Besser&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=&rft.spage=72&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 37th conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research and Estuarine Research Federation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03999 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - benthic taxa; bioassays; channels; Detroit River; dredging; ecosystems; Elizabeth Park Marina; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; heavy metals; Michigan; North America; pollution; sediment transport; sediments; stream sediments; stream transport; Trenton Channel; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring sediment contaminants as stressors of estuarine condition AN - 52291793; 2000-076559 JF - Program and Abstracts - International Association for Great Lakes Research AU - Wade, T AU - Brooks, J AU - Macauley, J AU - Summers, K AU - Rubinstein, N AU - Brandt, Stephen AU - Haffner, G D Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 138 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), [location varies] VL - 37 KW - United States KW - processes KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - Virginia KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - sediments KW - coastal environment KW - ecology KW - Louisiana KW - estuarine environment KW - point sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52291793?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+letters&rft.atitle=Role+of+the+intestinal+microbiota+in+the+activation+of+the+promutagen+2%2C6-dinitrotoluene+to+mutagenic+urine+metabolites+and+comparison+of+GI+enzyme+activities+in+germ-free+and+conventionalized+male+Fischer+344+rats.&rft.au=George%2C+S+E%3BChadwick%2C+R+W%3BKohan%2C+M+J%3BAllison%2C+J+C%3BWilliams%2C+R+W%3BChang%2C+J&rft.aulast=George&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-05-16&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+letters&rft.issn=03043835&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 37th conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research and Estuarine Research Federation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03999 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - coastal environment; concentration; ecology; estuarine environment; Gulf Coastal Plain; Louisiana; metals; monitoring; organic compounds; point sources; pollutants; pollution; processes; sediments; United States; Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mercury concentrations in Great Lakes sediments; time variation, areal distribution, and comparison of the lakes AN - 52291011; 2000-076543 JF - Program and Abstracts - International Association for Great Lakes Research AU - Rossmann, R AU - Robbins, J A AU - Brandt, Stephen AU - Haffner, G D Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 95 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), [location varies] VL - 37 KW - United States KW - spatial distribution KW - Lake Michigan KW - sampling KW - time factor KW - sediments KW - Great Lakes KW - ecology KW - mercury KW - North America KW - concentration KW - Lake Ontario KW - Lake Huron KW - Lake Erie KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Ontario KW - Detroit River KW - Canada KW - metals KW - lacustrine environment KW - seasonal variations KW - Michigan KW - Lake Superior KW - Eastern Canada KW - lake sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52291011?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Mercury+concentrations+in+Great+Lakes+sediments%3B+time+variation%2C+areal+distribution%2C+and+comparison+of+the+lakes&rft.au=Rossmann%2C+R%3BRobbins%2C+J+A%3BBrandt%2C+Stephen%3BHaffner%2C+G+D&rft.aulast=Rossmann&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 37th conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research and Estuarine Research Federation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03999 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Canada; concentration; Detroit River; Eastern Canada; ecology; Great Lakes; lacustrine environment; Lake Erie; Lake Huron; Lake Michigan; Lake Ontario; lake sediments; Lake Superior; mercury; metals; Michigan; North America; Ontario; pollutants; pollution; sampling; seasonal variations; sediments; spatial distribution; time factor; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sediment toxicity as an indicator of contaminant stress in EMAP-estuaries AN - 52289261; 2000-076560 JF - Program and Abstracts - International Association for Great Lakes Research AU - Scott, J AU - Albrecht, B AU - Summers, K AU - Frithsen, J AU - Rubinstein, N AU - Brandt, Stephen AU - Haffner, G D Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 138 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), [location varies] VL - 37 KW - United States KW - benthic taxa KW - communities KW - Virginia KW - pollutants KW - Crustacea KW - stress KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - Malacostraca KW - estuaries KW - Arthropoda KW - toxicity KW - quantitative analysis KW - Amphipoda KW - Mandibulata KW - sediments KW - Invertebrata KW - ecology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52289261?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Sediment+toxicity+as+an+indicator+of+contaminant+stress+in+EMAP-estuaries&rft.au=Scott%2C+J%3BAlbrecht%2C+B%3BSummers%2C+K%3BFrithsen%2C+J%3BRubinstein%2C+N%3BBrandt%2C+Stephen%3BHaffner%2C+G+D&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=&rft.spage=138&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 37th conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research and Estuarine Research Federation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03999 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Amphipoda; Arthropoda; benthic taxa; communities; Crustacea; ecology; ecosystems; estuaries; Invertebrata; Malacostraca; Mandibulata; pollutants; pollution; quantitative analysis; sediments; stress; toxicity; United States; Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contaminant trends in lake trout and walleye from the Great Lakes AN - 52288734; 2000-076565 JF - Program and Abstracts - International Association for Great Lakes Research AU - Devault, David AU - Hesselberg, Robert AU - Brandt, Stephen AU - Haffner, G D Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 157 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), [location varies] VL - 37 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - PCBs KW - lakes KW - ecosystems KW - cores KW - Pisces KW - Lake Michigan KW - toxicity KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes KW - ecology KW - North America KW - concentration KW - Chordata KW - Lake Huron KW - pollutants KW - sedimentation KW - pollution KW - organic compounds KW - lacustrine environment KW - Lake Superior KW - Vertebrata KW - lake sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52288734?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Contaminant+trends+in+lake+trout+and+walleye+from+the+Great+Lakes&rft.au=Devault%2C+David%3BHesselberg%2C+Robert%3BBrandt%2C+Stephen%3BHaffner%2C+G+D&rft.aulast=Devault&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 37th conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research and Estuarine Research Federation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03999 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; Chordata; concentration; cores; ecology; ecosystems; Great Lakes; halogenated hydrocarbons; lacustrine environment; Lake Huron; Lake Michigan; lake sediments; Lake Superior; lakes; North America; organic compounds; PCBs; Pisces; pollutants; pollution; sedimentation; sediments; toxicity; Vertebrata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The use of exposure models in the ecological risk assessment process AN - 52212224; 2001-056052 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Drewes, K E AU - Duda, S W AU - Abel, S A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 172 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - processes KW - exposure KW - water quality KW - programs KW - degradation KW - stream transport KW - environmental fate KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - water management KW - pollution KW - drinking water KW - preventive measures KW - environmental effects KW - models KW - toxicity KW - dilution KW - ReachScan KW - risk assessment KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52212224?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=The+use+of+exposure+models+in+the+ecological+risk+assessment+process&rft.au=Drewes%2C+K+E%3BDuda%2C+S+W%3BAbel%2C+S+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Drewes&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=172&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - degradation; dilution; drinking water; environmental effects; environmental fate; exposure; models; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; processes; programs; ReachScan; risk assessment; stream transport; surface water; toxicity; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of storage time on the toxicity of sediments to freshwater benthic invertebrates AN - 52210977; 2001-055854 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - DeFoe, D L AU - Ankley, G T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 26 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - water quality KW - Crustacea KW - PCBs KW - water management KW - pollution KW - effects KW - fresh-water environment KW - Hyalella azteca KW - Malacostraca KW - organic compounds KW - Arthropoda KW - toxicity KW - sampling KW - Amphipoda KW - Mandibulata KW - sediments KW - Invertebrata KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - ecology KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52210977?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=Effects+of+storage+time+on+the+toxicity+of+sediments+to+freshwater+benthic+invertebrates&rft.au=DeFoe%2C+D+L%3BAnkley%2C+G+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=DeFoe&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=26&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Amphipoda; Arthropoda; chlorinated hydrocarbons; Crustacea; ecology; effects; fresh-water environment; halogenated hydrocarbons; Hyalella azteca; Invertebrata; Malacostraca; Mandibulata; organic compounds; PCBs; pollution; sampling; sediments; toxicity; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Horizon-specific oxidation of acid volatile sulfide (AVS) in relation to the toxicity of cadmium spiked into a freshwater sediment AN - 52210799; 2001-056032 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Leonard, E N AU - Mattson, V R AU - Ankley, G T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 227 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - water quality KW - water management KW - acid volatile sulfides KW - Malacostraca KW - toxicity KW - sediments KW - cadmium KW - Invertebrata KW - Great Lakes KW - ecology KW - geochemistry KW - North America KW - concentration KW - Crustacea KW - oxidation KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - biota KW - Hyalella azteca KW - Arthropoda KW - Amphipoda KW - metals KW - Mandibulata KW - lacustrine environment KW - Lake Superior KW - water resources KW - pore water KW - lake sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52210799?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=Horizon-specific+oxidation+of+acid+volatile+sulfide+%28AVS%29+in+relation+to+the+toxicity+of+cadmium+spiked+into+a+freshwater+sediment&rft.au=Leonard%2C+E+N%3BMattson%2C+V+R%3BAnkley%2C+G+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Leonard&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=227&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid volatile sulfides; Amphipoda; Arthropoda; biota; cadmium; concentration; Crustacea; ecology; geochemistry; Great Lakes; Hyalella azteca; Invertebrata; lacustrine environment; lake sediments; Lake Superior; Malacostraca; Mandibulata; metals; North America; oxidation; pollution; pore water; sediments; surface water; toxicity; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of bioturbation on sediment acid volatile sulfide and trace metal distribution AN - 52210673; 2001-055896 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Peterson, G S AU - Henry, M G AU - Ankley, G T AU - Leonard, E N AU - Lott, K G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 94 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - water quality KW - concentration KW - pollutants KW - biogenic structures KW - oxidation KW - water management KW - pollution KW - acid volatile sulfides KW - sampling KW - sediments KW - ecology KW - trace metals KW - water resources KW - sedimentary structures KW - bioturbation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52210673?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=Effects+of+bioturbation+on+sediment+acid+volatile+sulfide+and+trace+metal+distribution&rft.au=Peterson%2C+G+S%3BHenry%2C+M+G%3BAnkley%2C+G+T%3BLeonard%2C+E+N%3BLott%2C+K+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=94&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid volatile sulfides; biogenic structures; bioturbation; concentration; ecology; oxidation; pollutants; pollution; sampling; sedimentary structures; sediments; trace metals; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of stable isotopes to differentiate between multiple groundwater contaminant sources AN - 52210529; 2001-056050 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Kim, Philip Y AU - Bovitz, Paul AU - Vanderveer, Bill AU - Donohue, Matt AU - Sprenger, Mark AU - Munney, Ken AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 245 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - water quality KW - landfills KW - water management KW - pollution KW - environmental effects KW - biota KW - ground water KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - volatile elements KW - volatile organic compounds KW - mortality KW - ecology KW - applications KW - waste disposal KW - cyanides KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52210529?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=Use+of+stable+isotopes+to+differentiate+between+multiple+groundwater+contaminant+sources&rft.au=Kim%2C+Philip+Y%3BBovitz%2C+Paul%3BVanderveer%2C+Bill%3BDonohue%2C+Matt%3BSprenger%2C+Mark%3BMunney%2C+Ken%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; biota; cyanides; ecology; environmental effects; ground water; landfills; mortality; organic compounds; pollution; volatile elements; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; waste disposal; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of 4-nonylphenol concentrations in sediment from a littoral enclosure study AN - 52210405; 2001-056012 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Sheedy, B R AU - Heinis, L J AU - Knuth, M L AU - Ankley, G T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 211 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - metabolites KW - concentration KW - marine sediments KW - intertidal environment KW - toxicity KW - surface water KW - sediments KW - pollution KW - coastal environment KW - nonylphenols KW - environmental analysis KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52210405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=Determination+of+4-nonylphenol+concentrations+in+sediment+from+a+littoral+enclosure+study&rft.au=Sheedy%2C+B+R%3BHeinis%2C+L+J%3BKnuth%2C+M+L%3BAnkley%2C+G+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Sheedy&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - coastal environment; concentration; environmental analysis; intertidal environment; marine sediments; metabolites; nonylphenols; pollution; sediments; surface water; toxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The national sediment contaminant source inventory; point source analysis AN - 52210387; 2001-055959 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Fox, C A AU - Armitage, T M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 186 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - United States KW - soils KW - water quality KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - legislation KW - water management KW - pollution KW - water resources KW - environmental analysis KW - point sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52210387?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=The+national+sediment+contaminant+source+inventory%3B+point+source+analysis&rft.au=Fox%2C+C+A%3BArmitage%2C+T+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=186&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental analysis; legislation; monitoring; point sources; pollutants; pollution; soils; United States; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential economic impact of sediment quality criteria on the Army Corps of Engineers O&M Dredging Program AN - 52210381; 2001-055951 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Reiley, M C AU - Lunz, J AU - Thompson, T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 166 EP - 167 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - protection KW - water quality KW - programs KW - benthic taxa KW - harbors KW - water management KW - pollution KW - channels KW - effects KW - U. S. Army Corps of Engineers KW - biota KW - remediation KW - dredging KW - sediments KW - risk assessment KW - economics KW - water resources KW - aquatic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52210381?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=Potential+economic+impact+of+sediment+quality+criteria+on+the+Army+Corps+of+Engineers+O%26amp%3BM+Dredging+Program&rft.au=Reiley%2C+M+C%3BLunz%2C+J%3BThompson%2C+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Reiley&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=166&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; benthic taxa; biota; channels; dredging; economics; effects; harbors; pollution; programs; protection; remediation; risk assessment; sediments; U. S. Army Corps of Engineers; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A toxicological evaluation of three mine impacted streams in central Colorado AN - 52210291; 2001-055983 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Smith, M E AU - Herrin, L E AU - Brewer, S L AU - Hill, B H AU - Lazorchak, J M AU - Willingham, W T AU - Parrish, L P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 192 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - stream sediments KW - Chalk Creek KW - environmental analysis KW - Malacostraca KW - toxicity KW - sampling KW - sediments KW - Invertebrata KW - central Colorado KW - mines KW - concentration KW - Eagle River KW - Crustacea KW - Chaffee County Colorado KW - surface water KW - Hyalella azteca KW - Arthropoda KW - Amphipoda KW - metals KW - Mandibulata KW - streams KW - Colorado KW - fluvial environment KW - Arkansas River KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52210291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=A+toxicological+evaluation+of+three+mine+impacted+streams+in+central+Colorado&rft.au=Smith%2C+M+E%3BHerrin%2C+L+E%3BBrewer%2C+S+L%3BHill%2C+B+H%3BLazorchak%2C+J+M%3BWillingham%2C+W+T%3BParrish%2C+L+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=192&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Amphipoda; Arkansas River; Arthropoda; central Colorado; Chaffee County Colorado; Chalk Creek; Colorado; concentration; Crustacea; Eagle River; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; Hyalella azteca; Invertebrata; Malacostraca; Mandibulata; metals; mines; sampling; sediments; solute transport; stream sediments; streams; surface water; toxicity; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-term monitoring plan for the New Bedford Harbor marine Superfund site AN - 52209956; 2001-055997 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Nelson, William G AU - Pruell, Richard J AU - Garman, Gayle AU - Bergen, Barbara J AU - Mueller, Cornelia AU - Petrocelli, Elise AU - Aitkenhead, Matt AU - Copeland, Jane AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 201 EP - 202 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - United States KW - programs KW - benthic taxa KW - monitoring KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - environmental analysis KW - biota KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - marine sediments KW - Bristol County Massachusetts KW - New Bedford Harbor KW - toxicity KW - sampling KW - Massachusetts KW - metals KW - sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52209956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=Long-term+monitoring+plan+for+the+New+Bedford+Harbor+marine+Superfund+site&rft.au=Nelson%2C+William+G%3BPruell%2C+Richard+J%3BGarman%2C+Gayle%3BBergen%2C+Barbara+J%3BMueller%2C+Cornelia%3BPetrocelli%2C+Elise%3BAitkenhead%2C+Matt%3BCopeland%2C+Jane%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Nelson&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - benthic taxa; biota; Bristol County Massachusetts; ecosystems; environmental analysis; marine sediments; Massachusetts; metals; monitoring; New Bedford Harbor; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; programs; remediation; sampling; sediments; Superfund; toxicity; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential uses of sediment assessment methods in wastewater discharge permitting AN - 52209836; 2001-055879 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Currey, Gregory W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 53 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - water quality KW - programs KW - concentration KW - waste water KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - water management KW - pollution KW - preventive measures KW - sediments KW - risk assessment KW - discharge KW - water resources KW - point sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52209836?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=Potential+uses+of+sediment+assessment+methods+in+wastewater+discharge+permitting&rft.au=Currey%2C+Gregory+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Currey&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - concentration; discharge; point sources; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; programs; regulations; risk assessment; sediments; waste water; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Equilibrium and non-equilibrium of DDT and metabolites in Lauritzen channel sediment (San Francisco Bay) AN - 52209741; 2001-055932 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Ozretich, R J AU - Boese, B L AU - Swartz, R C AU - Lee, H, II AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 157 EP - 158 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - United States KW - metabolites KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - insecticides KW - organochlorine pesticides KW - environmental analysis KW - California KW - organic compounds KW - marine sediments KW - San Francisco Bay KW - DDT KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - pesticides KW - geochemistry KW - Lauritzen Channel KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52209741?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=Equilibrium+and+non-equilibrium+of+DDT+and+metabolites+in+Lauritzen+channel+sediment+%28San+Francisco+Bay%29&rft.au=Ozretich%2C+R+J%3BBoese%2C+B+L%3BSwartz%2C+R+C%3BLee%2C+H%2C+II%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ozretich&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; chlorinated hydrocarbons; DDT; environmental analysis; geochemistry; halogenated hydrocarbons; insecticides; Lauritzen Channel; marine sediments; metabolites; organic compounds; organochlorine pesticides; pesticides; San Francisco Bay; sediments; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of compounds of concern in freshwater sediments AN - 52209634; 2001-055881 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Hoke, Robert A AU - Ankley, G T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 54 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - soils KW - water quality KW - partitioning KW - technology KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - water management KW - pollution KW - applications KW - water resources KW - environmental analysis KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52209634?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=Identification+of+compounds+of+concern+in+freshwater+sediments&rft.au=Hoke%2C+Robert+A%3BAnkley%2C+G+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hoke&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=54&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; environmental analysis; partitioning; pollutants; pollution; soils; surface water; technology; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of sediment contaminants and toxicity in the Delaware Estuary AN - 52209354; 2001-055876 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Costa, H J AU - Sauer, T C AU - Ward, T J AU - Boeri, R L AU - Nyman, R M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 51 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - United States KW - soils KW - water quality KW - Delaware KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - water management KW - pollution KW - environmental analysis KW - estuaries KW - toxicity KW - sampling KW - sediments KW - risk assessment KW - estuarine environment KW - water resources KW - Delaware River KW - Delaware Estuary KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52209354?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+sediment+contaminants+and+toxicity+in+the+Delaware+Estuary&rft.au=Costa%2C+H+J%3BSauer%2C+T+C%3BWard%2C+T+J%3BBoeri%2C+R+L%3BNyman%2C+R+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Costa&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Coastal Plain; Delaware; Delaware Estuary; Delaware River; environmental analysis; estuaries; estuarine environment; pollutants; pollution; risk assessment; sampling; sediments; soils; statistical analysis; toxicity; United States; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of ammonia in pore-water and in the water column to freshwater benthic invertebrates AN - 52209293; 2001-055853 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Whiteman, F W AU - Kahl, M D AU - Rau, D M AU - Balcer, M D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 25 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - water quality KW - Crustacea KW - water management KW - pollution KW - Hyalella azteca KW - Malacostraca KW - Arthropoda KW - toxicity KW - Amphipoda KW - Mandibulata KW - sediments KW - Invertebrata KW - ecology KW - water resources KW - pore water KW - ammonia compound KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52209293?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+ammonia+in+pore-water+and+in+the+water+column+to+freshwater+benthic+invertebrates&rft.au=Whiteman%2C+F+W%3BKahl%2C+M+D%3BRau%2C+D+M%3BBalcer%2C+M+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Whiteman&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ammonia compound; Amphipoda; Arthropoda; Crustacea; ecology; Hyalella azteca; Invertebrata; Malacostraca; Mandibulata; pollution; pore water; sediments; toxicity; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecological assessment approach for the Carson River mercury site AN - 52209263; 2001-055843 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Peterson, S AU - Mach, C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 20 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - water quality KW - mining KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - water management KW - pollution KW - environmental analysis KW - Carson River KW - biota KW - west-central Nevada KW - remediation KW - sampling KW - metals KW - risk assessment KW - ecology KW - water resources KW - aquatic environment KW - Nevada KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52209263?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=Ecological+assessment+approach+for+the+Carson+River+mercury+site&rft.au=Peterson%2C+S%3BMach%2C+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; biota; Carson River; ecology; environmental analysis; mercury; metals; mining; Nevada; pollutants; pollution; remediation; risk assessment; sampling; soils; solute transport; Superfund; United States; water management; water quality; water resources; west-central Nevada ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterizing solid phase ammonia toxicity in marine sediments AN - 52209262; 2001-055852 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Ho, K T AU - Burgess, R M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 25 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - solid phase KW - water quality KW - marine sediments KW - toxicity KW - pollutants KW - metals KW - sediments KW - water management KW - pollution KW - water resources KW - ammonia compound KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52209262?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=Characterizing+solid+phase+ammonia+toxicity+in+marine+sediments&rft.au=Ho%2C+K+T%3BBurgess%2C+R+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ho&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ammonia compound; marine sediments; metals; pollutants; pollution; sediments; solid phase; toxicity; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of four years of data collected for EMAP in estuaries of Virginian biogeographic province AN - 52209137; 2001-055813 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Paul, J F AU - Gentile, J H AU - Schimmel, S C AU - Latimer, R W AU - Scott, K J AU - Campbell, D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 5 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - Chesapeake Bay KW - Cape Cod KW - monitoring KW - Virginia KW - statistical analysis KW - water management KW - pollution KW - biogeography KW - estuaries KW - Barnstable County Massachusetts KW - toxicity KW - sampling KW - Massachusetts KW - ecology KW - estuarine environment KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52209137?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+four+years+of+data+collected+for+EMAP+in+estuaries+of+Virginian+biogeographic+province&rft.au=Paul%2C+J+F%3BGentile%2C+J+H%3BSchimmel%2C+S+C%3BLatimer%2C+R+W%3BScott%2C+K+J%3BCampbell%2C+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Paul&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Barnstable County Massachusetts; biogeography; Cape Cod; Chesapeake Bay; ecology; estuaries; estuarine environment; Massachusetts; monitoring; pollution; sampling; statistical analysis; toxicity; United States; Virginia; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of DDT and dieldrin sediment contamination on macrobenthic community structure and composition AN - 52209120; 2001-055977 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Ferraro, Steven P AU - Cole, Faith A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 190 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - water quality KW - benthic taxa KW - Vermes KW - PCBs KW - water management KW - organochlorine pesticides KW - California KW - marine sediments KW - San Francisco Bay KW - toxicity KW - quantitative analysis KW - sediments KW - Invertebrata KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - ecology KW - dieldrin KW - insecticides KW - concentration KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - Crustacea KW - pollution KW - effects KW - distribution KW - biota KW - organic compounds KW - Arthropoda KW - Mandibulata KW - DDT KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - pesticides KW - water resources KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52209120?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=Effects+of+DDT+and+dieldrin+sediment+contamination+on+macrobenthic+community+structure+and+composition&rft.au=Ferraro%2C+Steven+P%3BCole%2C+Faith+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ferraro&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=190&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; Arthropoda; benthic taxa; biota; California; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; Crustacea; DDT; dieldrin; distribution; ecology; effects; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; insecticides; Invertebrata; Mandibulata; marine sediments; organic compounds; organochlorine pesticides; PCBs; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; quantitative analysis; San Francisco Bay; sediments; Superfund; toxicity; United States; Vermes; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chesapeake Bay regions of concern; geographical targeting protocol for remediation, reduction, prevention and assessment actions AN - 52209020; 2001-055882 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Batiuk, R A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 54 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - United States KW - protection KW - Chesapeake Bay KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - environmental analysis KW - preventive measures KW - remediation KW - habitat KW - toxicity KW - risk assessment KW - applications KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52209020?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=Chesapeake+Bay+regions+of+concern%3B+geographical+targeting+protocol+for+remediation%2C+reduction%2C+prevention+and+assessment+actions&rft.au=Batiuk%2C+R+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Batiuk&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=54&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; Chesapeake Bay; environmental analysis; habitat; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; protection; remediation; risk assessment; toxicity; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Compilation and evaluation of the National Sediment Inventory AN - 52208998; 2001-055877 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Fox, C A AU - Southerland, E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 53 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - United States KW - soils KW - programs KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - government agencies KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - National Sediment Inventory KW - environmental analysis KW - preventive measures KW - remediation KW - geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52208998?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=Compilation+and+evaluation+of+the+National+Sediment+Inventory&rft.au=Fox%2C+C+A%3BSoutherland%2C+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental analysis; geochemistry; government agencies; monitoring; National Sediment Inventory; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; programs; remediation; soils; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of ultraviolet light in the toxicity of sediments contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons AN - 52208963; 2001-055890 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Ankley, G T AU - Monson, P D AU - Kosian, P A AU - Collyard, S A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 68 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - fresh-water environment KW - biota KW - ultraviolet radiation KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - toxicity KW - electromagnetic radiation KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - ecology KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52208963?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=Influence+of+ultraviolet+light+in+the+toxicity+of+sediments+contaminated+with+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons&rft.au=Ankley%2C+G+T%3BMonson%2C+P+D%3BKosian%2C+P+A%3BCollyard%2C+S+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=68&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; biota; ecology; electromagnetic radiation; fresh-water environment; hydrocarbons; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; remediation; sediments; toxicity; ultraviolet radiation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isolation of marine sediment interstitial water colloids and associated organic contaminants AN - 52208932; 2001-055886 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Burgess, R M AU - Quinn, J G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 63 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - water quality KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - water management KW - pollution KW - environmental analysis KW - organic compounds KW - marine sediments KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - pesticides KW - water resources KW - pore water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52208932?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=Isolation+of+marine+sediment+interstitial+water+colloids+and+associated+organic+contaminants&rft.au=Burgess%2C+R+M%3BQuinn%2C+J+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Burgess&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental analysis; hydrocarbons; marine sediments; organic compounds; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; pore water; sediments; surface water; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Demonstration of Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) techniques in Colorado montane streams AN - 52208906; 2001-055819 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Johnson, P C AU - Lazorchak, J M AU - Hill, B H AU - McCormick, F H AU - Klemm, D J AU - Willingham, W T AU - Parrish, L P AU - Selle, A R AU - Thoeny, W T AU - Smith, M E AU - Scopel, D A AU - Wirts, J C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 6 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - water quality KW - programs KW - North America KW - monitoring KW - stream sediments KW - surface water KW - water management KW - pollution KW - toxicity KW - sediments KW - streams KW - risk assessment KW - ecology KW - Colorado KW - water resources KW - fluvial environment KW - Rocky Mountains KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52208906?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=Demonstration+of+Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment+Program+%28EMAP%29+techniques+in+Colorado+montane+streams&rft.au=Johnson%2C+P+C%3BLazorchak%2C+J+M%3BHill%2C+B+H%3BMcCormick%2C+F+H%3BKlemm%2C+D+J%3BWillingham%2C+W+T%3BParrish%2C+L+P%3BSelle%2C+A+R%3BThoeny%2C+W+T%3BSmith%2C+M+E%3BScopel%2C+D+A%3BWirts%2C+J+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=6&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Colorado; ecology; fluvial environment; monitoring; North America; pollution; programs; risk assessment; Rocky Mountains; sediments; solute transport; stream sediments; streams; surface water; toxicity; United States; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quality assurance results from four years of EMAP-estuaries monitoring activities in the Gulf of Mexico AN - 52208881; 2001-055818 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Heitmuller, P Thomas AU - Engle, V D AU - Macauley, John M AU - Summers, J Kevin AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 6 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - water quality KW - programs KW - monitoring KW - water management KW - pollution KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - estuaries KW - marine sediments KW - sampling KW - sediments KW - quality control KW - risk assessment KW - North Atlantic KW - estuarine environment KW - water resources KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52208881?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=Quality+assurance+results+from+four+years+of+EMAP-estuaries+monitoring+activities+in+the+Gulf+of+Mexico&rft.au=Heitmuller%2C+P+Thomas%3BEngle%2C+V+D%3BMacauley%2C+John+M%3BSummers%2C+J+Kevin%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Heitmuller&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=6&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; estuaries; estuarine environment; Gulf of Mexico; marine sediments; monitoring; North Atlantic; pollution; programs; quality control; risk assessment; sampling; sediments; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program; estuaries of the Louisianian Province, 1991-1993 AN - 52208805; 2001-055814 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Macauley, John M AU - Summers, J Kevin AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 5 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - programs KW - monitoring KW - water management KW - pollution KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - toxicity KW - sampling KW - risk assessment KW - Louisiana KW - North Atlantic KW - estuarine environment KW - water resources KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52208805?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=The+Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment+Program%3B+estuaries+of+the+Louisianian+Province%2C+1991-1993&rft.au=Macauley%2C+John+M%3BSummers%2C+J+Kevin%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Macauley&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; estuarine environment; Gulf of Mexico; Louisiana; monitoring; North Atlantic; pollution; programs; risk assessment; sampling; toxicity; United States; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioavailability of xenobiotics and their environmental fate AN - 52208641; 2001-055898 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Assaf, N A AU - Turco, R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 94 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - concentration KW - desorption KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - herbicides KW - pollution KW - bioavailability KW - adsorption KW - bioremediation KW - xenobiotics KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - triazines KW - organic compounds KW - atrazine KW - pesticides KW - kinetics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52208641?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=Bioavailability+of+xenobiotics+and+their+environmental+fate&rft.au=Assaf%2C+N+A%3BTurco%2C+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Assaf&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=94&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; atrazine; bioavailability; bioremediation; concentration; degradation; desorption; environmental analysis; herbicides; kinetics; organic compounds; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soils; solute transport; triazines; xenobiotics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of contaminant metals sources and loading in EMAP Virginian Province sediments using multivariate statistical techniques AN - 52208547; 2001-055817 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Boothman, W S AU - Benyi, S AU - Strobel, C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 5 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - United States KW - processes KW - water quality KW - Virginia KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - water management KW - pollution KW - marine sediments KW - multivariate analysis KW - metals KW - sediments KW - risk assessment KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52208547?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+contaminant+metals+sources+and+loading+in+EMAP+Virginian+Province+sediments+using+multivariate+statistical+techniques&rft.au=Boothman%2C+W+S%3BBenyi%2C+S%3BStrobel%2C+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Boothman&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - marine sediments; metals; multivariate analysis; pollutants; pollution; processes; risk assessment; sediments; statistical analysis; United States; Virginia; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Associations between degraded benthic communities and contaminated sediments; Sabine Lake, Lake Pontchartrain, and Choctawhatchee Bay AN - 52208529; 2001-055816 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Engle, V D AU - Summers, J Kevin AU - Macauley, John M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 5 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - benthic taxa KW - degradation KW - communities KW - PCBs KW - ecosystems KW - Florida KW - sampling KW - Invertebrata KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - ecology KW - Louisiana KW - estuarine environment KW - monitoring KW - living taxa KW - pollutants KW - Crustacea KW - pollution KW - Choctawhatchee Bay KW - Lake Pontchartrain KW - organic compounds KW - Arthropoda KW - Sabine Lake KW - metals KW - Mandibulata KW - lacustrine environment KW - risk assessment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52208529?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=Associations+between+degraded+benthic+communities+and+contaminated+sediments%3B+Sabine+Lake%2C+Lake+Pontchartrain%2C+and+Choctawhatchee+Bay&rft.au=Engle%2C+V+D%3BSummers%2C+J+Kevin%3BMacauley%2C+John+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Engle&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arthropoda; benthic taxa; chlorinated hydrocarbons; Choctawhatchee Bay; communities; Crustacea; degradation; ecology; ecosystems; estuarine environment; Florida; halogenated hydrocarbons; Invertebrata; lacustrine environment; Lake Pontchartrain; living taxa; Louisiana; Mandibulata; metals; monitoring; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; risk assessment; Sabine Lake; sampling; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Usefulness of sediment toxicity tests with estuarine plants and animals to indicate municipal and industrial effluent impact AN - 52208328; 2001-055846 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Lewis, M A AU - Weber, D E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 22 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - water quality KW - Plantae KW - pollutants KW - Crustacea KW - effluents KW - water management KW - pollution KW - bioassays KW - vegetation KW - marine sediments KW - Arthropoda KW - toxicity KW - Mandibulata KW - sediments KW - Invertebrata KW - risk assessment KW - estuarine environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52208328?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=Usefulness+of+sediment+toxicity+tests+with+estuarine+plants+and+animals+to+indicate+municipal+and+industrial+effluent+impact&rft.au=Lewis%2C+M+A%3BWeber%2C+D+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=22&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arthropoda; bioassays; Crustacea; effluents; estuarine environment; Invertebrata; Mandibulata; marine sediments; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; risk assessment; sediments; toxicity; vegetation; water management; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An overview of coastal monitoring in the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program; 1990-1994 AN - 52208282; 2001-055812 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Summers, J Kevin AU - Robertson, A AU - Johnston, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 4 EP - 5 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - programs KW - water management KW - pollution KW - human ecology KW - California KW - estuaries KW - toxicity KW - coastal environment KW - risk assessment KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52208282?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=An+overview+of+coastal+monitoring+in+the+Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment+Program%3B+1990-1994&rft.au=Summers%2C+J+Kevin%3BRobertson%2C+A%3BJohnston%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Summers&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=4&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifteenth annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; coastal environment; estuaries; human ecology; pollution; programs; risk assessment; toxicity; United States; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The impact of desiccation fractures and relic animal burrows on the reliability of site evaluations and remediation; a PCB removal in Montgomery County, Ohio AN - 52170197; 2002-001038 JF - The Ohio Journal of Science AU - Dalton, Michael K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 7 PB - Ohio Academy of Science, Columbus, OH VL - 94 IS - 2 SN - 0030-0950, 0030-0950 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Montgomery County Ohio KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - PCBs KW - pollution KW - till KW - remediation KW - desiccation KW - fractures KW - organic compounds KW - transport KW - decontamination KW - sediments KW - burrows KW - relict materials KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Ohio KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52170197?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Ohio+Journal+of+Science&rft.atitle=The+impact+of+desiccation+fractures+and+relic+animal+burrows+on+the+reliability+of+site+evaluations+and+remediation%3B+a+PCB+removal+in+Montgomery+County%2C+Ohio&rft.au=Dalton%2C+Michael+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dalton&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=94&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Ohio+Journal+of+Science&rft.issn=00300950&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 103rd annual meeting of the Ohio Academy of Science N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - OJSCA9 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - burrows; chlorinated hydrocarbons; clastic sediments; decontamination; desiccation; fractured materials; fractures; halogenated hydrocarbons; Montgomery County Ohio; Ohio; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; relict materials; remediation; sediments; till; transport; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Redox transformation of pollutants in natural waters AN - 52162973; 2002-003988 JF - IAHS-AISH Publication AU - Ernestova, L S AU - Semenova, I V AU - Vlasova, G V AU - Wolf, N Lee A2 - Peters, Norman E. A2 - Allan, Rod J. A2 - Tsirkunov, Vladimir V. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 67 EP - 74 PB - International Association of Hydrological Sciences VL - 219 SN - 0144-7815, 0144-7815 KW - water KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - trinitrotoluene KW - suspended materials KW - hydrochemistry KW - organic compounds KW - explosives KW - transformations KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - Eh KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52162973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IAHS-AISH+Publication&rft.atitle=Redox+transformation+of+pollutants+in+natural+waters&rft.au=Ernestova%2C+L+S%3BSemenova%2C+I+V%3BVlasova%2C+G+V%3BWolf%2C+N+Lee&rft.aulast=Ernestova&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=219&rft.issue=&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=0947571884&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IAHS-AISH+Publication&rft.issn=01447815&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Hydrochemistry 1993 symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PIHSD9 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Eh; explosives; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; kinetics; monitoring; organic compounds; pollutants; suspended materials; transformations; trinitrotoluene; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A case study of the hydrogeomorphic classification for wetlands and the functional capacity index for Hopkins County, Kentucky AN - 52084180; 2002-057390 JF - Wetlands: Proceedings of the ... Annual Conference, Society of Wetland Scientists AU - Ainslie, William B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 36 PB - Society of Wetland Scientists, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - United States KW - soils KW - methods KW - hydrology KW - functions KW - surface water KW - watersheds KW - depth KW - temperature KW - ground water KW - case studies KW - water table KW - habitat KW - wetlands KW - quantitative analysis KW - conservation KW - classification KW - Hopkins County Kentucky KW - Kentucky KW - ecology KW - geomorphology KW - deforestation KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52084180?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wetlands%3A+Proceedings+of+the+...+Annual+Conference%2C+Society+of+Wetland+Scientists&rft.atitle=A+case+study+of+the+hydrogeomorphic+classification+for+wetlands+and+the+functional+capacity+index+for+Hopkins+County%2C+Kentucky&rft.au=Ainslie%2C+William+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ainslie&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=36&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wetlands%3A+Proceedings+of+the+...+Annual+Conference%2C+Society+of+Wetland+Scientists&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 15th annual meeting, Society of Wetland Scientists N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03971 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - case studies; classification; conservation; deforestation; depth; ecology; functions; geomorphology; ground water; habitat; Hopkins County Kentucky; hydrology; Kentucky; methods; quantitative analysis; soils; surface water; temperature; United States; water table; watersheds; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Volunteer wetland monitoring program in King County AN - 52078163; 2002-057423 JF - Wetlands: Proceedings of the ... Annual Conference, Society of Wetland Scientists AU - Miller, Tina AU - Martin, Janice AU - Bertolotto, Chrys AU - Bowles, Mason AU - Storm, Linda AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 75 PB - Society of Wetland Scientists, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - United States KW - soils KW - programs KW - land cover KW - Chordata KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - King County Washington KW - vegetation KW - qualitative analysis KW - ground water KW - Aves KW - beaches KW - Amphibia KW - topography KW - wetlands KW - quantitative analysis KW - conservation KW - Adopt-A-Beach KW - Vertebrata KW - Tetrapoda KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52078163?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wetlands%3A+Proceedings+of+the+...+Annual+Conference%2C+Society+of+Wetland+Scientists&rft.atitle=Volunteer+wetland+monitoring+program+in+King+County&rft.au=Miller%2C+Tina%3BMartin%2C+Janice%3BBertolotto%2C+Chrys%3BBowles%2C+Mason%3BStorm%2C+Linda%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Tina&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wetlands%3A+Proceedings+of+the+...+Annual+Conference%2C+Society+of+Wetland+Scientists&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 15th annual meeting, Society of Wetland Scientists N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03971 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adopt-A-Beach; Amphibia; Aves; beaches; Chordata; conservation; ground water; King County Washington; land cover; monitoring; programs; qualitative analysis; quantitative analysis; soils; Tetrapoda; topography; United States; vegetation; Vertebrata; Washington; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Watershed prioritization for reducing of agricultural nonpoint source pollution AN - 52078097; 2002-057384 JF - Wetlands: Proceedings of the ... Annual Conference, Society of Wetland Scientists AU - Peniston, Barbara E AU - Leibowitz, Scott G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 29 EP - 30 PB - Society of Wetland Scientists, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - United States KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - water quality KW - Illinois KW - principal components analysis KW - reclamation KW - statistical analysis KW - agriculture KW - watersheds KW - pollution KW - suspended materials KW - phosphorus KW - nonpoint sources KW - mitigation KW - wetlands KW - ecology KW - seasonal variations KW - nitrate ion KW - regression analysis KW - nitrite ion KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52078097?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wetlands%3A+Proceedings+of+the+...+Annual+Conference%2C+Society+of+Wetland+Scientists&rft.atitle=Watershed+prioritization+for+reducing+of+agricultural+nonpoint+source+pollution&rft.au=Peniston%2C+Barbara+E%3BLeibowitz%2C+Scott+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Peniston&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wetlands%3A+Proceedings+of+the+...+Annual+Conference%2C+Society+of+Wetland+Scientists&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 15th annual meeting, Society of Wetland Scientists N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03971 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; ecology; hydrology; Illinois; land use; mitigation; nitrate ion; nitrite ion; nonpoint sources; phosphorus; pollution; principal components analysis; reclamation; regression analysis; seasonal variations; soils; statistical analysis; suspended materials; United States; water quality; watersheds; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Concepts for an index of biotic integrity for the streams of the Red River of the North basin AN - 52040116; 2003-006983 JF - Program and Abstracts - Biennial North Dakota Water Quality Symposium AU - Goldstein, R M AU - Simon, T P AU - Bailey, P A AU - Ell, M AU - Pearson, E AU - Schmidt, K AU - Enblom, J W AU - Seelig, Bruce D Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 19 PB - NDSU Extension Service and North Dakota Water Resources Research Institute VL - 4 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - water quality KW - Minnesota KW - Chordata KW - rivers and streams KW - pollution KW - Pisces KW - North Dakota KW - index of biotic integrity KW - North Basin KW - ecology KW - Vertebrata KW - Red River KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52040116?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Biennial+North+Dakota+Water+Quality+Symposium&rft.atitle=Concepts+for+an+index+of+biotic+integrity+for+the+streams+of+the+Red+River+of+the+North+basin&rft.au=Goldstein%2C+R+M%3BSimon%2C+T+P%3BBailey%2C+P+A%3BEll%2C+M%3BPearson%2C+E%3BSchmidt%2C+K%3BEnblom%2C+J+W%3BSeelig%2C+Bruce+D&rft.aulast=Goldstein&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Biennial+North+Dakota+Water+Quality+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth biennial North Dakota water quality symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05078 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chordata; ecology; hydrology; index of biotic integrity; Minnesota; North Basin; North Dakota; Pisces; pollution; Red River; rivers and streams; United States; Vertebrata; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sulphur AN - 50962328; 1994-053704 JF - SCOPE AU - Hultberg, Hans AU - Apsimon, Helene AU - Church, Robbins M AU - Grennfelt, Peringe AU - Mitchell, Myron J AU - Moldan, Filip AU - Ross, Howard B A2 - Moldan, Bedrich A2 - Cerny, Jiri Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 229 EP - 254 PB - Wiley & Sons, Chichester VL - 51 SN - 0271-972X, 0271-972X KW - soils KW - human activity KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - weathering KW - nutrients KW - models KW - deposition KW - sulfur KW - acidification KW - streams KW - leaching KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50962328?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SCOPE&rft.atitle=Sulphur&rft.au=Hultberg%2C+Hans%3BApsimon%2C+Helene%3BChurch%2C+Robbins+M%3BGrennfelt%2C+Peringe%3BMitchell%2C+Myron+J%3BMoldan%2C+Filip%3BRoss%2C+Howard+B&rft.aulast=Hultberg&rft.aufirst=Hans&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=&rft.spage=229&rft.isbn=0471937231&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SCOPE&rft.issn=0271972X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Biogeochemistry of small catchments; a tool for environmental research N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 105 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; deposition; ecosystems; human activity; leaching; models; nutrients; pollution; soils; streams; sulfur; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efficient subsurface model for multiphase flow and multiple species transport AN - 50952237; 1996-005639 JF - Program with Abstracts - Geological Association of Canada; Mineralogical Association of Canada: Joint Annual Meeting AU - Saleem, Z A AU - Huyakorn, P S AU - Wu, Y S AU - Park, N S AU - Panday, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 97 PB - Geological Association of Canada, Waterloo, ON VL - 19 SN - 0701-8738, 0701-8738 KW - three-dimensional models KW - numerical analysis KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - petroleum products KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - solution KW - simulation KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - volatilization KW - computers KW - workstations KW - transport KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50952237?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+with+Abstracts+-+Geological+Association+of+Canada%3B+Mineralogical+Association+of+Canada%3A+Joint+Annual+Meeting&rft.atitle=Efficient+subsurface+model+for+multiphase+flow+and+multiple+species+transport&rft.au=Saleem%2C+Z+A%3BHuyakorn%2C+P+S%3BWu%2C+Y+S%3BPark%2C+N+S%3BPanday%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Saleem&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+with+Abstracts+-+Geological+Association+of+Canada%3B+Mineralogical+Association+of+Canada%3A+Joint+Annual+Meeting&rft.issn=07018738&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Association of Canada; Mineralogical Association of Canada; annual meeting--Association Geologique du Canada; Association Mineralogique du Canada; reunion annuelle N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - ON N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PAACD6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; computers; data processing; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; models; nonaqueous phase liquids; numerical analysis; petroleum products; pollution; simulation; solution; three-dimensional models; transport; volatilization; workstations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The integration of imaging and parameter estimation in shallow geophysics AN - 50894505; 2003-019191 AB - This paper presents two related approaches to signal processing of shallow geophysical data based on the concept of geophysical diffraction tomography. While both methods can be considered imaging, one is imaging in the traditional sense where images of spatial variations in subsurface physical properties are reconstructed. The second method is one of parameter estimation based upon known characteristics of targets of interest. This technique yields a reconstruction of the spatial variations in the likelihood of a specified target being present, the log likelihood function, and, consequently, this method can also be considered an imaging procedure. Several examples are given of the results of selected signal processing algorithms applied to actual data. JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Witten, Alan AU - Norton, Stephen AU - Devaney, Anthony AU - Schatzberg, Alon AU - Ursic, Jim AU - Dickson, Wayne A2 - Bell, Ronald S. A2 - Lepper, C. Melvin Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 605 EP - 614 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 1994 KW - tomography KW - spatial variations KW - shallow depth KW - imagery KW - technology KW - geophysical methods KW - algorithms KW - depth KW - diffraction KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50894505?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=The+integration+of+imaging+and+parameter+estimation+in+shallow+geophysics&rft.au=Witten%2C+Alan%3BNorton%2C+Stephen%3BDevaney%2C+Anthony%3BSchatzberg%2C+Alon%3BUrsic%2C+Jim%3BDickson%2C+Wayne&rft.aulast=Witten&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=1994&rft.issue=&rft.spage=605&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on the Application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; depth; diffraction; geophysical methods; imagery; shallow depth; spatial variations; technology; tomography ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon pools and flux of global forest ecosystems AN - 50276943; 1994-009400 JF - Science AU - Dixon, R K AU - Brown, S AU - Houghton, R A AU - Solomon, A M AU - Trexler, M C AU - Wisniewski, J Y1 - 1994/01// PY - 1994 DA - January 1994 SP - 185 EP - 190 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC VL - 263 IS - 5144 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - soils KW - forests KW - revegetation KW - Plantae KW - organic residues KW - global KW - atmosphere KW - ecosystems KW - vegetation KW - geochemical cycle KW - peat KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - ecology KW - management KW - geochemistry KW - land use KW - deforestation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50276943?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Carbon+pools+and+flux+of+global+forest+ecosystems&rft.au=Dixon%2C+R+K%3BBrown%2C+S%3BHoughton%2C+R+A%3BSolomon%2C+A+M%3BTrexler%2C+M+C%3BWisniewski%2C+J&rft.aulast=Dixon&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=263&rft.issue=5144&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 83 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SCIEAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; carbon; deforestation; ecology; ecosystems; forests; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; global; land use; management; organic residues; peat; Plantae; revegetation; sediments; soils; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Episodic acidification of freshwater systems in Canada; physical and geochemical processes AN - 50261095; 1994-020740 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Tranter, Martyn AU - Davies, Trevor D AU - Wigington, P J, Jr AU - Eshleman, Keith N Y1 - 1994/01// PY - 1994 DA - January 1994 SP - 19 EP - 39 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 72 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - hydrology KW - Quebec KW - surface water KW - hydrochemistry KW - Ontario KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - hydrologic cycle KW - Canada KW - Nova Scotia KW - acidification KW - Maritime Provinces KW - Eastern Canada KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50261095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Episodic+acidification+of+freshwater+systems+in+Canada%3B+physical+and+geochemical+processes&rft.au=Tranter%2C+Martyn%3BDavies%2C+Trevor+D%3BWigington%2C+P+J%2C+Jr%3BEshleman%2C+Keith+N&rft.aulast=Tranter&rft.aufirst=Martyn&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; Canada; Eastern Canada; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; hydrologic cycle; hydrology; Maritime Provinces; Nova Scotia; Ontario; organic acids; organic compounds; pH; Quebec; surface water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water resources AN - 50248640; 1994-028528 JF - U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin AU - Lee, Keenan AU - Lins, H F AU - Clark, R N AU - England, A W AU - Mace, Tom AU - Nyquist, Maury AU - Stanich, Charles AU - Turner, Jim A2 - Watson, Kenneth A2 - Knepper, Daniel H. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 35 EP - 37 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 8755-531X, 8755-531X KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - evapotranspiration KW - ground water KW - ice KW - snow KW - water regimes KW - water resources KW - USGS KW - remote sensing KW - airborne methods KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50248640?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Water+resources&rft.au=Bushnell%2C+P+J%3BKelly%2C+K+L%3BWard%2C+T+R&rft.aulast=Bushnell&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-07-01&rft.volume=270&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.issn=00223565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Workshop on Airborne remote sensing N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - XDIGAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; atmospheric precipitation; evapotranspiration; ground water; hydrology; ice; remote sensing; snow; soils; USGS; water regimes; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental geology AN - 50244886; 1994-028526 JF - U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin AU - England, A W AU - Gillespie, A R AU - Mace, Tom AU - Nyquist, Maury AU - Orr, D G AU - Ridley, T M AU - Stanich, Charles A2 - Watson, Kenneth A2 - Knepper, Daniel H. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 20 EP - 32 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 8755-531X, 8755-531X KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - water quality KW - Washington KW - pollution KW - Clark County Nevada KW - vegetation KW - California KW - Southern California KW - environmental geology KW - Las Vegas Nevada KW - ecology KW - waste disposal KW - USGS KW - Nevada KW - land use KW - climate KW - remote sensing KW - airborne methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50244886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Environmental+geology&rft.au=England%2C+A+W%3BGillespie%2C+A+R%3BMace%2C+Tom%3BNyquist%2C+Maury%3BOrr%2C+D+G%3BRidley%2C+T+M%3BStanich%2C+Charles&rft.aulast=England&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Bulletin&rft.issn=8755531X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Workshop on Airborne remote sensing N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - XDIGAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; California; Clark County Nevada; climate; ecology; environmental geology; hazardous waste; land use; Las Vegas Nevada; Nevada; pollution; remote sensing; Southern California; United States; USGS; vegetation; Washington; waste disposal; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Red and blue three-dimensional shaded relief imagery AN - 50243528; 1994-038861 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Hall, Robert K AU - Swanson, Jere A AU - Maher, Norman M AU - Lawson, Carol A AU - Bennett, Pauline C Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 9 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - United States KW - imagery KW - Northeast Pacific KW - data processing KW - mapping KW - relief KW - California KW - visualization KW - Pioneer Seamount KW - USGS KW - color imagery KW - East Pacific KW - Pioneer Canyon KW - continental margin KW - three-dimensional models KW - shaded relief models KW - graphic display KW - seamounts KW - North American Pacific KW - submarine canyons KW - North Pacific KW - Pacific Ocean KW - bathymetry KW - Monterey Canyon KW - 15:Miscellaneous KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50243528?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Red+and+blue+three-dimensional+shaded+relief+imagery&rft.au=Hall%2C+Robert+K%3BSwanson%2C+Jere+A%3BMaher%2C+Norman+M%3BLawson%2C+Carol+A%3BBennett%2C+Pauline+C&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Scientific visualization workshop N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bathymetry; California; color imagery; continental margin; data processing; East Pacific; graphic display; imagery; mapping; Monterey Canyon; North American Pacific; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Pacific Ocean; Pioneer Canyon; Pioneer Seamount; relief; seamounts; shaded relief models; submarine canyons; three-dimensional models; United States; USGS; visualization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental chemistry of chromium AN - 50205997; 1994-054593 JF - Northeastern Geology AU - Krishnamurthy, S AU - Wilkens, Malvina M Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 14 EP - 17 PB - Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Department of Geology, Troy, NY VL - 16 IS - 1 SN - 0194-1453, 0194-1453 KW - barium chromate KW - hexavalent chromium KW - pollutants KW - metals KW - oxidation KW - chromium KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50205997?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Northeastern+Geology&rft.atitle=Environmental+chemistry+of+chromium&rft.au=Krishnamurthy%2C+S%3BWilkens%2C+Malvina+M&rft.aulast=Krishnamurthy&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Northeastern+Geology&rft.issn=01941453&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - barium chromate; chromium; hexavalent chromium; metals; oxidation; pollutants ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring for aldicarb residues in ground water of the Central Valley of California AN - 50186690; 1995-009413 JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Marade, S J AU - Weaver, Don J Y1 - 1994/01// PY - 1994 DA - January 1994 SP - 19 EP - 24 PB - Springer-Verlag, New York, NY VL - 52 IS - 1 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - aldicarb KW - ground water KW - Central Valley KW - California KW - Del Norte County California KW - organic compounds KW - Humboldt County California KW - pesticides KW - leaching KW - chemical composition KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50186690?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Monitoring+for+aldicarb+residues+in+ground+water+of+the+Central+Valley+of+California&rft.au=Marade%2C+S+J%3BWeaver%2C+Don+J&rft.aulast=Marade&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101156 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aldicarb; California; Central Valley; chemical composition; Del Norte County California; ground water; Humboldt County California; leaching; monitoring; organic compounds; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; United States; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A screening model for nonaqueous phase liquid transport in the vadose zone using Green-Ampt and kinematic wave theory AN - 50179073; 1994-032423 AB - In this paper, a screening model for flow of a nonaqueous phase liquid (NAPL) and associated chemical transport in the vadose zone is developed. The model is based on kinematic approximation of the governing equations for both the NAPL and a partitionable chemical constituent. The resulting governing equation is a first-order, quasi-linear hyperbolic equation to which the generalized method of characteristics can be applied. This approach generally neglects the contribution to the NAPL flux from capillary pressure gradients. During infiltration under ponded conditions, or when the NAPL flux exceeds the maximum effective conductivity of the soil, the effect of capillary suction is included in the model through the usage of the Green-Ampt model. All of the resulting model equations are in the form of ordinary differential equations which are solved numerically by a variable time step Runge-Kutta technique. Results from a simple column experiment were used to evaluate the vadose zone flow model assumptions. Independently measured parameters allow simulation without calibration of the model results. The match of the model to the data suggests that the model captures the qualitative behavior of the experimental system and is capable of an acceptable degree of quantitative agreement. Copyright 1994 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Weaver, James W AU - Charbeneau, Randall J AU - Lien, Bob K Y1 - 1994/01// PY - 1994 DA - January 1994 SP - 93 EP - 105 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 1 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - pollutants KW - Green-Ampt model KW - unsaturated zone KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - kinematics KW - hydrologic cycle KW - infiltration KW - movement KW - mathematical methods KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - algorithms KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50179073?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=A+screening+model+for+nonaqueous+phase+liquid+transport+in+the+vadose+zone+using+Green-Ampt+and+kinematic+wave+theory&rft.au=Weaver%2C+James+W%3BCharbeneau%2C+Randall+J%3BLien%2C+Bob+K&rft.aulast=Weaver&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F93WR02341 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; experimental studies; Green-Ampt model; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrologic cycle; infiltration; kinematics; mathematical methods; models; movement; nonaqueous phase liquids; numerical models; pollutants; simulation; unsaturated zone DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/93WR02341 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Parameter estimation of soil hydraulic functions using inverse modeling of transient outflow experiments AN - 50178480; 1995-015766 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Hopmans, Jan W AU - Eching, Simon O AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 442 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 26 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - textures KW - unsaturated zone KW - optimization KW - inverse problem KW - cores KW - models KW - Richards equation KW - water regimes KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50178480?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Parameter+estimation+of+soil+hydraulic+functions+using+inverse+modeling+of+transient+outflow+experiments&rft.au=Hopmans%2C+Jan+W%3BEching%2C+Simon+O%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hopmans&rft.aufirst=Jan&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=442&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1994 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cores; experimental studies; hydraulic conductivity; inverse problem; models; optimization; pressure; Richards equation; soils; textures; unsaturated zone; water regimes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geologic characterization of marine sediments at the United Heckathorn Superfund Site AN - 50178377; 1995-015736 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - White, Patricia J AU - Lincoff, Andrew H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 437 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 26 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Superfund KW - Richmond California KW - cores KW - remediation KW - Lauritzen Canal KW - California KW - dredging KW - marine sediments KW - United Heckathorn Site KW - movement KW - sediments KW - Richmond Harbor KW - waste disposal KW - pesticides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50178377?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Geologic+characterization+of+marine+sediments+at+the+United+Heckathorn+Superfund+Site&rft.au=White%2C+Patricia+J%3BLincoff%2C+Andrew+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=437&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1994 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; cores; dredging; Lauritzen Canal; marine sediments; movement; pesticides; remediation; Richmond California; Richmond Harbor; sediments; Superfund; United Heckathorn Site; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applied source rock geochemistry AN - 50177032; 1995-016602 JF - AAPG Memoir AU - Peters, Kenneth E AU - Cassa, Mary Rose A2 - Magoon, Leslie B. A2 - Dow, Wallace G. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 93 EP - 120 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK VL - 60 SN - 0271-8529, 0271-8529 KW - wells KW - nomenclature KW - oxygen KW - vitrinite KW - sedimentary basins KW - natural gas KW - source rocks KW - petroleum KW - reflectograms KW - Rock-Eval KW - pyrolysis KW - mass balance KW - carbon KW - thermal maturity KW - basins KW - outcrops KW - macerals KW - depositional environment KW - organic carbon KW - interpretation KW - geochemistry KW - color alteration index KW - organic materials KW - migration KW - well logs KW - statistical analysis KW - properties KW - biomarkers KW - organic compounds KW - hydrogen KW - petrography KW - histograms KW - reflectance KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50177032?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AAPG+Memoir&rft.atitle=Applied+source+rock+geochemistry&rft.au=Peters%2C+Kenneth+E%3BCassa%2C+Mary+Rose&rft.aulast=Peters&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=0891813381&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AAPG+Memoir&rft.issn=02718529&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 77 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sect., strat. cols., sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MAPGAN N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basins; biomarkers; carbon; color alteration index; depositional environment; geochemistry; histograms; hydrogen; interpretation; macerals; mass balance; migration; natural gas; nomenclature; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; outcrops; oxygen; petrography; petroleum; properties; pyrolysis; reflectance; reflectograms; Rock-Eval; sedimentary basins; source rocks; statistical analysis; thermal maturity; vitrinite; well logs; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PATRIOT; a methodology and decision support system for evaluating the leaching potential of pesticides AN - 50175608; 1995-017996 JF - Proceedings of the ... National Conference on Pesticides AU - Hummel, P R AU - Kittle, J L, Jr AU - Imhoff, J C AU - Carsel, R F A2 - Weigmann, Diana L. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 70 EP - 82 PB - Virginia Water Resources Research Center, Blacksburg, VA VL - 4 KW - United States KW - PATRIOT KW - pollutants KW - data processing KW - agriculture KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - models KW - computer programs KW - risk assessment KW - New Jersey KW - pesticides KW - leaching KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50175608?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+...+National+Conference+on+Pesticides&rft.atitle=PATRIOT%3B+a+methodology+and+decision+support+system+for+evaluating+the+leaching+potential+of+pesticides&rft.au=Hummel%2C+P+R%3BKittle%2C+J+L%2C+Jr%3BImhoff%2C+J+C%3BCarsel%2C+R+F&rft.aulast=Hummel&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=70&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+...+National+Conference+on+Pesticides&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth national conference on pesticides; New directions in pesticide research, development, management, and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03847 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; computer programs; data processing; decision-making; leaching; models; New Jersey; PATRIOT; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; risk assessment; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of hydrologic properties needed to calculate average linear velocity and travel time of ground water in the principal aquifer underlying the southeastern part of Salt Lake Valley, Utah AN - 50175125; 1995-005892 AB - A 48-square-mile area in the southeastern part of the Salt Lake Valley, Utah, was studied to determine if generalized information obtained from geologic maps, water-level maps, and drillers' logs could be used to estimate hydraulic conduc- tivity, porosity, and slope of the potentiometric surface: the three properties needed to calculate average linear velocity of ground water. Estimated values of these properties could be used by water- management and regulatory agencies to compute values of average linear velocity, which could be further used to estimate travel time of ground water along selected flow lines, and thus to determine wellhead protection areas around public- supply wells. The methods used to estimate the three properties are based on assumptions about the drillers' descriptions, the depositional history of the sediments, and the boundary con- ditions of the hydrologic system. These assump- tions were based on geologic and hydrologic infor- mation determined from previous investigations. The reliability of the estimated values for hydro- logic properties and average linear velocity depends on the accuracy of these assumptions. Hydraulic conductivity of the principal aquifer was estimated by calculating the thickness- weighted average of values assigned to different drillers' descriptions of material penetrated during the construction of 98 wells. Using these 98 control points, the study area was divided into zones representing approximate hydraulic- conductivity values of 20, 60, 100, 140, 180, 220, and 250 feet per day. This range of values is about the same range of values used in developing a ground-water flow model of the principal aquifer in the early 1980s. Porosity of the principal aquifer was estimated by compiling the range of porosity values determined or estimated during previous investigations of basin-fill sediments, and then using five different values ranging from 15 to 35 percent to delineate zones in the study area that were assumed to be underlain by similar deposits. Delineation of the zones was based on depositional history of the area and the distri- bution of sediments shown on a surficial geologic map. Water levels in wells were measured twice in 1990: during late winter when ground-water with- drawals were the least and water levels the highest, and again in late summer, when ground- water withdrawals were the greatest and water levels the lowest. These water levels were used to construct potentiometric-contour maps and subsequently to determine the variability of the slope in the potentiometric surface in the area. Values for the three properties, derived from the described sources of information, were used to produce a map showing the general distribution of average linear velocity of ground water moving through the principal aquifer of the study area. Velocity derived ranged from 0.06 to 144 feet per day with a median of about 3 feet per day. Values were slightly faster for late summer 1990 than for late winter 1990, mainly because increased with- drawal of water during the summer created slightly steeper hydraulic-head gradients between the recharge area near the mountain front and the well fields farther to the west. The fastest average linear-velocity values were located at the mouth of Little Cottonwood Canyon and south of Dry Creek near the mountain front, where the hydraulic con- ductivity was estimated to be the largest because the drillers described the sediments to be pre- dominantly clean and coarse grained. Both of these areas also had steep slopes in the potentiometric surface. Other areas where average linear velocity was fast included small areas near pumping wells where the slope in the potentiometric surface was locally steepened. No apparent relation between average linear velocity and porosity could be seen in the mapped distributions of these two properties. Calculation of travel time along a flow line to a well in the southwestern part of the study area during the summer of 1990 indicated that it takes about 11 years for ground water to move about 2 miles under these pumping conditions. JF - Water-Resources Investigations - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Freethey, G W AU - Spangler, L E AU - Monheiser, W J Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 30 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, [Reston, VA] SN - 0092-332X, 0092-332X KW - United States KW - Salt Lake County Utah KW - data processing KW - porosity KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - recharge KW - levels KW - movement KW - digital simulation KW - traveltime KW - velocity KW - theoretical models KW - Utah KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - USGS KW - Salt Lake Valley KW - northern Utah KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50175125?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Freethey%2C+G+W%3BSpangler%2C+L+E%3BMonheiser%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Freethey&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Determination+of+hydrologic+properties+needed+to+calculate+average+linear+velocity+and+travel+time+of+ground+water+in+the+principal+aquifer+underlying+the+southeastern+part+of+Salt+Lake+Valley%2C+Utah&rft.title=Determination+of+hydrologic+properties+needed+to+calculate+average+linear+velocity+and+travel+time+of+ground+water+in+the+principal+aquifer+underlying+the+southeastern+part+of+Salt+Lake+Valley%2C+Utah&rft.issn=0092332X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from USGS product, Selected Water Resources Abstracts, Reston, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA] N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sects., sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRIND3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; data processing; digital simulation; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; levels; movement; northern Utah; porosity; recharge; Salt Lake County Utah; Salt Lake Valley; theoretical models; traveltime; United States; USGS; Utah; velocity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three-dimensional visualization and modeling study of Berks Sand Pit Superfund site, Berks County, Pennsylvania AN - 50170684; 1995-023146 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Rundell, Bruce M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 82 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 26 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - gneisses KW - Berks County Pennsylvania KW - three-dimensional models KW - Reading Prong KW - Superfund KW - surface water KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - models KW - visualization KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - granite gneiss KW - Berks Sand Pit KW - metamorphic rocks KW - volatile organic compounds KW - pump-and-treat KW - Pennsylvania KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50170684?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Three-dimensional+visualization+and+modeling+study+of+Berks+Sand+Pit+Superfund+site%2C+Berks+County%2C+Pennsylvania&rft.au=Rundell%2C+Bruce+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rundell&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=82&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1994 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Berks County Pennsylvania; Berks Sand Pit; data processing; gneisses; granite gneiss; ground water; metamorphic rocks; models; organic compounds; Pennsylvania; pollution; pump-and-treat; Reading Prong; remediation; Superfund; surface water; techniques; three-dimensional models; United States; visualization; volatile organic compounds; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - National standards and guidelines for pesticides in water, sediment, and aquatic organisms; application to water-quality assessments AN - 50170470; 1995-018366 JF - Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Nowell, L H AU - Resek, E A Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 1 EP - 164 PB - Springer, New York, NY VL - 140 SN - 0179-5953, 0179-5953 KW - United States KW - soils KW - water quality KW - toxic materials KW - agricultural waste KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - pollution KW - standardization KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - agrochemicals KW - sediments KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - pesticides KW - chemical composition KW - water pollution KW - aquatic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50170470?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=National+standards+and+guidelines+for+pesticides+in+water%2C+sediment%2C+and+aquatic+organisms%3B+application+to+water-quality+assessments&rft.au=Nowell%2C+L+H%3BResek%2C+E+A&rft.aulast=Nowell&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=140&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=01795953&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 109 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - 6 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes two appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agricultural waste; agrochemicals; aquatic environment; chemical composition; drinking water; ground water; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; regulations; risk assessment; sediments; soils; standardization; toxic materials; United States; waste disposal; water pollution; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Paleoseismology and historical seismicity for seismic hazard assessment in Italy; examples from the Fucino and Pollino tectonic structures AN - 50164427; 1995-023656 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Michetti, A M AU - Ferreli, L AU - Serva, L AU - Vittori, E AU - Prentice, Carol S AU - Schwartz, David P AU - Yeats, Robert S Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 124 EP - 126 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - Pollino Range KW - paleoseismicity KW - geologic hazards KW - isotopes KW - Europe KW - Holocene KW - Italy KW - Southern Europe KW - Cenozoic KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Calabria Italy KW - dates KW - carbon KW - seismic risk KW - sediments KW - absolute age KW - active faults KW - USGS KW - Southern Apennines KW - Abruzzi Italy KW - faults KW - tectonic elements KW - trenching KW - Quaternary KW - reactivation KW - history KW - Apennines KW - Fucino Basin KW - C-14 KW - upper Holocene KW - fault scarps KW - earthquakes KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 19:Seismology KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50164427?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Paleoseismology+and+historical+seismicity+for+seismic+hazard+assessment+in+Italy%3B+examples+from+the+Fucino+and+Pollino+tectonic+structures&rft.au=Michetti%2C+A+M%3BFerreli%2C+L%3BServa%2C+L%3BVittori%2C+E%3BPrentice%2C+Carol+S%3BSchwartz%2C+David+P%3BYeats%2C+Robert+S&rft.aulast=Michetti&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-08-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1010&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Air+%26+waste+%3A+journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=1073161X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Workshop on Paleoseismology N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - sect., sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Abruzzi Italy; absolute age; active faults; Apennines; C-14; Calabria Italy; carbon; Cenozoic; dates; earthquakes; Europe; fault scarps; faults; Fucino Basin; geologic hazards; history; Holocene; isotopes; Italy; paleoseismicity; Pollino Range; Quaternary; radioactive isotopes; reactivation; sediments; seismic risk; Southern Apennines; Southern Europe; tectonic elements; trenching; upper Holocene; USGS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An overview of in situ air sparging AN - 50144585; 1995-034336 JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Johnson, R L AU - Johnson, P C AU - McWhorter, D B AU - Hinchee, R E AU - Goodman, I Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 127 EP - 135 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 13 IS - 4 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - soil vapor extraction KW - unsaturated zone KW - light nonaqueous phase liquids KW - techniques KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - air sparging KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - volatilization KW - fluid injection KW - air injection wells KW - mass transfer KW - soils KW - pneumatic conductivity KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - injection KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - aquifers KW - vapor extraction wells KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - volatile organic compounds KW - shallow aquifers KW - air KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - review KW - permeability KW - design KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50144585?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=An+overview+of+in+situ+air+sparging&rft.au=Johnson%2C+R+L%3BJohnson%2C+P+C%3BMcWhorter%2C+D+B%3BHinchee%2C+R+E%3BGoodman%2C+I&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air; air injection wells; air sparging; aquifers; biodegradation; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; design; fluid injection; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; in situ; injection; light nonaqueous phase liquids; mass transfer; models; monitoring; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; permeability; pneumatic conductivity; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; remediation; review; shallow aquifers; soil vapor extraction; soils; techniques; unsaturated zone; vapor extraction wells; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; volatilization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aquifer bottles; a method for demonstrating simple groundwater and contaminant movement using readily-available supplies AN - 50143221; 1995-042721 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Knadle, Marcia E AU - Udaloy, Anne G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 46 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 26 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - wells KW - soils KW - pumping KW - pollution KW - junior high school KW - education KW - aquitards KW - simulation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - K-12 education KW - transport KW - movement KW - elementary school KW - water wells KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50143221?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Aquifer+bottles%3B+a+method+for+demonstrating+simple+groundwater+and+contaminant+movement+using+readily-available+supplies&rft.au=Knadle%2C+Marcia+E%3BUdaloy%2C+Anne+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Knadle&rft.aufirst=Marcia&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=46&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1994 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aquitards; education; elementary school; ground water; junior high school; K-12 education; movement; pollution; pumping; remediation; simulation; soils; transport; water wells; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Science in the national interest AN - 50137492; 1995-048451 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Kingston, Marguerite J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 154 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 26 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - geology KW - developing countries KW - future KW - international cooperation KW - education KW - research KW - 15:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50137492?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Science+in+the+national+interest&rft.au=Kingston%2C+Marguerite+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kingston&rft.aufirst=Marguerite&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=154&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1994 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - developing countries; education; future; geology; international cooperation; research; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Groundwater remediation at a Superfund site AN - 50118976; 1995-061022 JF - Hydraulic Engineering: Proceedings of the National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering AU - He, Henry Y AU - Yang, Jing-Yea AU - Powell, Gregory A2 - Cotroneo, George V. A2 - Rumer, Ralph R. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 282 EP - 286 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers. Hydraulics Division, New York, NY VL - 1994 SN - 1070-1559, 1070-1559 KW - United States KW - soils KW - contaminant plumes KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - Butte Montana KW - pollution KW - petroleum KW - Silver Bow County Montana KW - recovery KW - remediation KW - Montana KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - Silver Bow Creek KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50118976?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydraulic+Engineering%3A+Proceedings+of+the+National+Conference+on+Hydraulic+Engineering&rft.atitle=Groundwater+remediation+at+a+Superfund+site&rft.au=He%2C+Henry+Y%3BYang%2C+Jing-Yea%3BPowell%2C+Gregory&rft.aulast=He&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=1994&rft.issue=&rft.spage=282&rft.isbn=0784400377&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydraulic+Engineering%3A+Proceedings+of+the+National+Conference+on+Hydraulic+Engineering&rft.issn=10701559&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1994 ASCE national conference on Hydraulic engineering N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Butte Montana; contaminant plumes; ground water; Montana; petroleum; pollutants; pollution; recovery; remediation; Silver Bow County Montana; Silver Bow Creek; soils; Superfund; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of chromium-contaminated soils using field-portable X-ray fluorescence AN - 50117720; 1995-059399 JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Puls, Robert W AU - Clark, Donald A AU - Carlson, Clark AU - Vardy, James Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 111 EP - 115 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - United States KW - data acquisition KW - data processing KW - techniques KW - calibration KW - Pasquotank River KW - Outer Banks KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - Pasquotank County North Carolina KW - spectra KW - chromium KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - soils KW - concentration KW - Elizabeth City North Carolina KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - models KW - detection KW - metals KW - North Carolina KW - point sources KW - instruments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50117720?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+chromium-contaminated+soils+using+field-portable+X-ray+fluorescence&rft.au=Puls%2C+Robert+W%3BClark%2C+Donald+A%3BCarlson%2C+Clark%3BVardy%2C+James&rft.aulast=Puls&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Coastal Plain; calibration; chromium; concentration; data acquisition; data processing; detection; Elizabeth City North Carolina; instruments; metals; models; North Carolina; Outer Banks; Pasquotank County North Carolina; Pasquotank River; point sources; pollutants; pollution; soils; spectra; statistical analysis; techniques; United States; X-ray fluorescence spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Proposed strategy for state and federal ground water quality monitoring programs AN - 50109204; 1995-066944 JF - Ground Water Management AU - Farris, Jane Marshall AU - Job, Charles A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 581 EP - 594 PB - Water Well Journal Pub. Co., Dublin, OH VL - 18 SN - 1047-9023, 1047-9023 KW - water quality KW - programs KW - monitoring KW - regulations KW - interpretation KW - water resources KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50109204?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Management&rft.atitle=Proposed+strategy+for+state+and+federal+ground+water+quality+monitoring+programs&rft.au=Farris%2C+Jane+Marshall%3BJob%2C+Charles+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Farris&rft.aufirst=Jane&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=&rft.spage=581&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Management&rft.issn=10479023&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eighth national outdoor action conference and exposition; aquifer remediation/ground water monitoring/geophysical methods N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ground water; interpretation; monitoring; programs; regulations; remediation; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating the technical impracticability of ground-water cleanup AN - 50103050; 1995-066945 JF - Ground Water Management AU - Feldman, Peter R AU - Campbell, Darcy J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 595 EP - 608 PB - Water Well Journal Pub. Co., Dublin, OH VL - 18 SN - 1047-9023, 1047-9023 KW - water quality KW - programs KW - regulations KW - reclamation KW - interpretation KW - water resources KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50103050?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Management&rft.atitle=Evaluating+the+technical+impracticability+of+ground-water+cleanup&rft.au=Feldman%2C+Peter+R%3BCampbell%2C+Darcy+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Feldman&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=&rft.spage=595&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Management&rft.issn=10479023&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eighth national outdoor action conference and exposition; aquifer remediation/ground water monitoring/geophysical methods N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ground water; interpretation; programs; reclamation; regulations; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the wind dispersal of seeds across a landscape; comparison of simulated and observed migration rates from the paleoenvironmental record AN - 50100936; 1995-069627 JF - Program and Abstracts - American Quaternary Association. Conference AU - King, George A AU - Koerper, Greg AU - Solomon, Allen M AU - Phillips, Donald L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 115 PB - American Quaternary Association, Seattle, WA VL - 13 SN - 0741-059X, 0741-059X KW - migration KW - Plantae KW - experimental studies KW - Quaternary KW - rates KW - vegetation KW - simulation KW - Holocene KW - Cenozoic KW - paleoenvironment KW - trees KW - seeds KW - ecology KW - wind transport KW - landscapes KW - winds KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50100936?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+American+Quaternary+Association.+Conference&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+wind+dispersal+of+seeds+across+a+landscape%3B+comparison+of+simulated+and+observed+migration+rates+from+the+paleoenvironmental+record&rft.au=King%2C+George+A%3BKoerper%2C+Greg%3BSolomon%2C+Allen+M%3BPhillips%2C+Donald+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+American+Quaternary+Association.+Conference&rft.issn=0741059X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Quaternary Association, 13th biennial meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMQUAM N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; ecology; experimental studies; Holocene; landscapes; migration; paleoenvironment; Plantae; Quaternary; rates; seeds; simulation; trees; vegetation; wind transport; winds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The North American landscape characterization; twenty years of land cover change AN - 50098606; 1996-001456 JF - ACSM/ASPRS Annual Convention & Exposition Technical Papers AU - Lunetta, Ross S AU - Sturdevant, James A A2 - Lyon, John G. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 309 EP - 317 PB - American Congress on Surveying and Mapping & American Society for Photogrammetry, Bethesda, MD VL - 1994, Vol. 2 KW - programs KW - North America KW - Landsat KW - land cover KW - landform description KW - applications KW - research KW - remote sensing KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50098606?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACSM%2FASPRS+Annual+Convention+%26+Exposition+Technical+Papers&rft.atitle=The+North+American+landscape+characterization%3B+twenty+years+of+land+cover+change&rft.au=Lunetta%2C+Ross+S%3BSturdevant%2C+James+A&rft.aulast=Lunetta&rft.aufirst=Ross&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=1994%2C+Vol.+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=309&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACSM%2FASPRS+Annual+Convention+%26+Exposition+Technical+Papers&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1994 ASPRS/ACSM annual convention and exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - MD N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - ASPRS 60th annual convention and ACSM 54th annual convention N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03966 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; land cover; landform description; Landsat; North America; programs; remote sensing; research ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Full spectrum sub-bottom profiler application in a hazardous waste lagoon AN - 50083548; 1996-005344 AB - A full spectrum sub-bottom profiler (SBP) was used at a hazardous waste site in Texas City, Texas to determine the volumes of the liquid and sludge fractions within a 3.1-acre ferric chloride acid lagoon. The investigation recovered approximately 9,000 feet of continuous profile record data and utilized a laser-based navigation system for precise survey positioning. Significant mappable surfaces were identified at the top of the sludge interval, within the sludge column, and at the base of the sludge interval. Structure maps were generated for these three surfaces, which were used to construct interval thickness maps of the liquid and sludge intervals. The SBP data was depth calibrated with seven cores extracted from the sludge interval, and correlated with lithologic logs from nearby monitor wells. Liquid depths ranged from 0 to 13 feet, and interpreted sludge thicknesses range from 0 to 12 feet. Volume calculations based on isopach maps indicated that the liquid interval contains approximately 8,457,000 gallons, and the sludge interval contains approximately 31,616 cubic yards. The information provided by the SBP survey is being used to develop an appropriate engineering design to effectively treat the volumes of contaminated material. The application of the SBP technique allowed a more accurate volume calculation of the liquid and sludge components of the acid lagoon compared to conventional methods of investigation, while increasing cost effectiveness and minimizing safety risks. This application illustrates one way that upstream petroleum industry geophysical methods can be successfully applied to environmental problems. JF - SEG Annual Meeting Expanded Technical Program Abstracts with Biographies AU - Jowett, R A AU - Borkland, J A AU - Cornelius, J M AU - Farrar, C W AU - Hogue, J I AU - Zehner, W B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 605 EP - 607 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 64 SN - 1052-3812, 1052-3812 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - geophysical surveys KW - data acquisition KW - waste-disposal ponds KW - sludge KW - data processing KW - waste disposal sites KW - acoustical methods KW - shallow depth KW - Galveston County Texas KW - Texas City Texas KW - sublacustrine environment KW - seismic profiles KW - geophysical methods KW - Texas KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - seismic methods KW - navigation KW - liquid waste KW - southeastern Texas KW - industrial waste KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - waste disposal KW - instruments KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50083548?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.atitle=Full+spectrum+sub-bottom+profiler+application+in+a+hazardous+waste+lagoon&rft.au=Jowett%2C+R+A%3BBorkland%2C+J+A%3BCornelius%2C+J+M%3BFarrar%2C+C+W%3BHogue%2C+J+I%3BZehner%2C+W+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jowett&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=&rft.spage=605&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.issn=10523812&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.seg.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 64th annual international meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acoustical methods; data acquisition; data processing; Galveston County Texas; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; Gulf Coastal Plain; hazardous waste; industrial waste; instruments; liquid waste; navigation; seismic methods; seismic profiles; shallow depth; sludge; southeastern Texas; sublacustrine environment; surveys; Texas; Texas City Texas; United States; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; waste-disposal ponds ER - TY - CONF T1 - Discharge of stable organic substances from the chemical industries AN - 26406860; 2001-32-003745 (CE); 0161352 (EN) AB - In a programme started in 1988, the waste water discharges from the major chemical industries in Sweden have been investigated. The primary objectives were to gather information on the major sources of such discharges and to initiate action so as to achieve significant reductions where required. In this paper the investigation programme is presented together with some early conclusions. As could be expected there are no simple common rules for these industries, each effluent should be considered as a separate problem. It was concluded that these waste waters were in most cases more toxic than was acceptable, and that further purifying measures were required in these cases. JF - Water Science and Technology AU - Unden, Ake Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 179 EP - 185 PB - I W A PUBLISHING, Alliance House, 12 Caxton St, London, SW1H 0QS, UK, [mailto:publications@iwap.co.uk], [URL:http://www.iwapublishing.com] VL - 29 IS - 9 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Wastes KW - Acceptability KW - Discharge KW - Effluents KW - EE 804.1:ORGANIC COMPOUNDS KW - EE 452.4:INDUSTRIAL WASTES TREATMENT (EN) KW - EE 631.1.1:LIQUID DYNAMICS KW - EE 452.3:INDUSTRIAL WASTES KW - EE 802.1:CHEMICAL PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT KW - EE 802.3:CHEMICAL OPERATIONS UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/26406860?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Discharge+of+stable+organic+substances+from+the+chemical+industries&rft.au=Unden%2C+Ake&rft.aulast=Unden&rft.aufirst=Ake&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Combined sewer overflow control through in-receiving water storage: An efficiency evaluation AN - 26358217; 2001-63-011642 (CE); 0176408 (EN) AB - A demonstration and efficiency evaluation project was conducted for the flow balancing method (FBM) facility, a combined sewer overflow (CSO) storage facility at Fresh Creek in Brooklyn, New York City. The FBM is a curtained tank located directly in the receiving water that captures CSO. The CSO floats on top of and displaces Fresh Creek saltwater before it is pumped back to the publicly owned treatment works (POTW). The facility was a pilot scale subject to the full CSOs. The purpose of the project was to show how the FBM can withstand severe weather and tidal conditions and to develop a procedure for estimating CSO control efficiency (percentage of CSO pumped back to the POTW). The procedure proved successful and incorporated specific conductivity as a tracer in mass balance equations. These equations provided estimates of the net percent capture-pumpback of the CSO using the FBM, including the amount of Fresh Creek water that was included in the pumpback to the POTW. The efficiency was directly related to the volume of the CSO and the pumpback rate and ranged from a low of 3.3 percent for the largest event to a high of 76.9 percent for the smallest event. Recent FBM enlargement should result in substantial increases in CSO control. The FBM facility has operated successfully for over five years, withstanding ice storms, near hurricane force winds and up to 7 ft tidal range. JF - Water Resources Bulletin AU - Field, R AU - Pitt, R AU - Jager, D AU - Brown, M AD - U.S. EPA, Edison, NJ, USA PY - 1994 SP - 921 EP - 928 PB - AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION, 4 West Federal St, P O Box 1626, Middleburg, VA, 20118-1626, USA, [mailto:info@awra.org], [URL:http://www.awra.org] VL - 30 IS - 5 SN - 0043-1370, 0043-1370 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Efficiency KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Sewers KW - Ice KW - Expansion KW - Water tanks KW - Resources KW - Tanks KW - Mass balance KW - Tracers KW - Balancing KW - Climatology KW - Hurricanes KW - Storage KW - Storms KW - Displacement KW - Conductivity KW - Storage facilities KW - Article KW - EE 452.3:INDUSTRIAL WASTES KW - EE 452.1:SEWAGE KW - EE 922.2:MATHEMATICAL STATISTICS (EN) KW - EE 921:APPLIED MATHEMATICS UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/26358217?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Combined+sewer+overflow+control+through+in-receiving+water+storage%3A+An+efficiency+evaluation&rft.au=Field%2C+R%3BPitt%2C+R%3BJager%2C+D%3BBrown%2C+M&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=921&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Bulletin&rft.issn=00431370&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Children, community and pollution control: toward a community-oriented environmentalism AN - 20227087; 10301649 JF - Childhood AU - Field, R AD - Associate Regional Counsel, U.S Environmental Protection Agency, Region V, 71 West Jackson, Chicago, IL 60604 USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 28 EP - 40 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 2 IS - 1-2 SN - 0907-5682, 0907-5682 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - environmentalism KW - Children KW - Pollution control KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20227087?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Childhood&rft.atitle=Children%2C+community+and+pollution+control%3A+toward+a+community-oriented+environmentalism&rft.au=Field%2C+R&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=28&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Childhood&rft.issn=09075682&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F090756829400200103 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmentalism; Children; Pollution control DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/090756829400200103 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Stressor-Strain Framework: Understanding Cross-Cultural Issues and the Hispanic Vietnam Veteran AN - 1761706141; 199503622 AB - Drawing on the case of Hispanic Vietnam war veterans, a stress model is presented as a means to help therapists & counselors understand components of the person's ability to appraise & cope with stress. The model provides information for both diagnostic & therapeutic interventions. In addition, social support is proposed as a means by which stress can be buffered. Suggestions are presented to help therapists & counselors to determine if social support exists in a cross-cultural context, eg, with Hispanic families & therapy groups. 1 Table, 1 Figure, 37 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Journal of Multicultural Social Work AU - Rodela, Eduardo S AU - Martinez, Gustavo R AU - Batres, Alfonso R AD - Office Human Resources Management US Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M St SW Washington DC 20460-0001 Y1 - 1994///0, PY - 1994 DA - 0, 1994 SP - 67 EP - 85 VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 1042-8224, 1042-8224 KW - stress management, therapist/counselor techniques, Hispanic Vietnam war veterans KW - Veterans KW - Psychological Stress KW - Hispanic Americans KW - Psychotherapy KW - Clinical Social Work KW - Vietnam War KW - Crosscultural Analysis KW - Coping KW - Counseling KW - article KW - 6142: mental & emotional problems KW - 6148: problems of minority groups UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1761706141?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Multicultural+Social+Work&rft.atitle=The+Stressor-Strain+Framework%3A+Understanding+Cross-Cultural+Issues+and+the+Hispanic+Vietnam+Veteran&rft.au=Rodela%2C+Eduardo+S%3BMartinez%2C+Gustavo+R%3BBatres%2C+Alfonso+R&rft.aulast=Rodela&rft.aufirst=Eduardo&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Multicultural+Social+Work&rft.issn=10428224&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Social Services Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Psychological Stress; Vietnam War; Veterans; Hispanic Americans; Crosscultural Analysis; Clinical Social Work; Counseling; Psychotherapy; Coping ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stop 1; Oxford cuts AN - 1734268758; 2015-111616 JF - Midwest Friends of the Pleistocene Annual Meeting AU - Ekberg, Michael P AU - Dell, Andrine AU - Miller, Barry B AU - Reed, Greg AU - Lowell, Tom Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 15 EP - 20 PB - Midwest Friends of the Pleistocene, [location varies] VL - 41 KW - United States KW - wood KW - field trips KW - Wisconsinan KW - road log KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Cenozoic KW - Ordovician KW - sediments KW - Oxford Ohio KW - Butler County Ohio KW - Invertebrata KW - Mollusca KW - Ohio KW - lacustrine sedimentation KW - Quaternary KW - colluvium KW - clastic sediments KW - Paleozoic KW - Gastropoda KW - sedimentation KW - striations KW - glacial features KW - Vertigo gouldi hannai KW - till KW - Veritgo modesta KW - Pleistocene KW - loess KW - diamicton KW - geomorphology KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1734268758?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Midwest+Friends+of+the+Pleistocene+Annual+Meeting&rft.atitle=Stop+1%3B+Oxford+cuts&rft.au=Ekberg%2C+Michael+P%3BDell%2C+Andrine%3BMiller%2C+Barry+B%3BReed%2C+Greg%3BLowell%2C+Tom&rft.aulast=Ekberg&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Midwest+Friends+of+the+Pleistocene+Annual+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Midwest Friends of the Pleistocene 41st annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map, 1 table, sects. N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-19 N1 - CODEN - #03784 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Butler County Ohio; Cenozoic; clastic sediments; colluvium; diamicton; field trips; Gastropoda; geomorphology; glacial features; Invertebrata; lacustrine sedimentation; loess; Mollusca; Ohio; Ordovician; Oxford Ohio; Paleozoic; Pleistocene; Quaternary; road log; sedimentation; sediments; striations; till; United States; upper Pleistocene; Veritgo modesta; Vertigo gouldi hannai; Wisconsinan; wood ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phased sampling for soil remediation AN - 17019426; 3861096 AB - In phased sampling, data obtained in one phase is used to design the sampling network for the next phase. Given N total observations, 1, ..., N phases are possible. Experiments were conducted with one-phase, two-phase, and N-phase design algorithms on surrogate models of sites with contaminated soils. The sampling objective was to identify through interpolation, subunits of the site that required remediation. The cost-effectiveness of alternate methods was compared by using a loss function. More phases are better, but in economic terms, the improvement is marginal. The optimal total number of samples is essentially independent of the number of phases. For two phase designs, 75% of samples in the first phase is near optimal; 20% or less is actually counterproductive. JF - Environmental and Ecological Statistics AU - Englund, E J AU - Heravi, N AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Monit. Syst. Lab. - Las Vegas, P.O. Box 93478, Las Vegas, NV 89193-3478, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 247 EP - 263 VL - 1 IS - 3 SN - 1352-8505, 1352-8505 KW - soil pollution KW - sampling KW - models KW - soil sampling KW - Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - environmental restoration KW - mathematical models KW - contamination KW - D 04801:Pollution monitoring and detection KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17019426?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+Ecological+Statistics&rft.atitle=Phased+sampling+for+soil+remediation&rft.au=Englund%2C+E+J%3BHeravi%2C+N&rft.aulast=Englund&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+Ecological+Statistics&rft.issn=13528505&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - contamination; environmental restoration; mathematical models; soil pollution; sampling; models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dose-dependent vehicle differences in the acute toxicity of bromodichloromethane AN - 16988090; 3632208 AB - Bromodichloromethane (BDCM) is a disinfection by-product of drinking water chlorination and is the second most common trihalomethane (THM) in finished drinking water. THMs have generally been administered to experimental animals in corn oil, rather than drinking water, which can influence the site and magnitude of toxicity. To examine the effects of gavage vehicle on the acute renal and hepatic toxicity of orally administered BDCM, 95-day-old male F344 rats were given single doses of 0, 200, or 400 mg BDCM/kg in corn oil or an aqueous 10% Emulphor solution. Significant interactions between vehicle of administration and BDCM dose observed for both urinary and serum parameters further indicate that vehicle differences noted in BDCM acute toxicity are dose dependent. This observation may be due to pharmacokinetic differences in gastrointestinal rates of absorption of BDCM from corn oil as compared to an aqueous solution. JF - Fundamental and Applied Toxicology AU - Lilly, P D AU - Simmons, JE AU - Pegram, R A AD - MD-74, Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 132 EP - 140 VL - 23 IS - 1 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - gavage vehicle KW - bromodichloromethane KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - acute toxicity KW - dose dependency KW - liver KW - kidney KW - drinking water KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16988090?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Dose-dependent+vehicle+differences+in+the+acute+toxicity+of+bromodichloromethane&rft.au=Lilly%2C+P+D%3BSimmons%2C+JE%3BPegram%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Lilly&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=132&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acute toxicity; kidney; liver; dose dependency; drinking water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A reduced dissolved oxygen test system for marine organisms AN - 16986668; 3629834 AB - A flow-through test system was designed to examine minimum dissolved oxygen (D.O.) requirements of marine animals. The system provides up to six treatment concentrations between 0.3 mg D.O./l and saturation. Sea water is degassed in a vacuum-evacuated packed column and the treatment concentrations are controlled electronically by time-proportional mixing of water from degassed and air-saturated seawater reservoirs. The system has proven capable of reliable continuous operation for test periods as long as 28 days, with the reduced D.O. treatments controlled to plus or minus 0.15 mg/l s.d. at flows greater than or equal to 10 ml/min and to plus or minus 0.25 mg/l s.d. at lower flow rates. JF - Aquaculture AU - Miller, D C AU - Body, DE AU - Sinnett, J C AU - Poucher, S L AU - Sewall, J AU - Sleczkowski, D J AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 27 Tarzwell Dr., Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 167 EP - 171 VL - 123 IS - 1-2 SN - 0044-8486, 0044-8486 KW - flow-through test system KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts KW - Marine KW - lethal limits KW - dissolved oxygen KW - measuring devices KW - eutrophication KW - aquaculture systems KW - hypoxia KW - water analysis KW - marine organisms KW - Q3 08581:Aquaculture: General KW - O 4080:Pollution - Control and Prevention KW - Q1 08581:General KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - O 5060:Aquaculture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16986668?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquaculture&rft.atitle=A+reduced+dissolved+oxygen+test+system+for+marine+organisms&rft.au=Miller%2C+D+C%3BBody%2C+DE%3BSinnett%2C+J+C%3BPoucher%2C+S+L%3BSewall%2C+J%3BSleczkowski%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquaculture&rft.issn=00448486&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - lethal limits; dissolved oxygen; eutrophication; measuring devices; hypoxia; aquaculture systems; water analysis; marine organisms; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental leadership: EPA's "beyond compliance" pilot program AN - 16986516; 3634205 AB - This article draws upon the draft report (prepared with the contractor assistance of DPRA Inc., Arlington, VA) dated December 1993 summarizing public comment on the Environmental Leadership Program proposal; the final report is available from EPA's Pollution Prevention Information Clearinghouse, 202-260-1023. All written public comments and the transcript of the May 6, 1993 public meeting are on file with the Environmental Leadership Program. JF - Total Quality Environmental Management AU - Feldman, I AU - Schiavo, M AD - Off. Compliance, EPA Headquarters, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 373 EP - 381 VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 1055-7571, 1055-7571 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - EPA KW - federal programs KW - compliance KW - public opinion KW - pollution control KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16986516?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Total+Quality+Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Environmental+leadership%3A+EPA%27s+%22beyond+compliance%22+pilot+program&rft.au=Feldman%2C+I%3BSchiavo%2C+M&rft.aulast=Feldman&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=373&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Total+Quality+Environmental+Management&rft.issn=10557571&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; federal programs; public opinion; pollution control; compliance ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Czech-U.S. EPA health study: Assessment of personal and ambient air exposures to PAH and organic mutagens in the Teplice District of Northern Bohemia AN - 16984902; 3824631 AB - For over 40 years the Northern Bohemia area of the Czech Republic has been characterized by heavy industrialization, open pit mining, and utilization of high sulfur brown coal by industry and in residential home heating. These conditions have resulted in severe environmental pollution and concern over evidence of adverse health effects for residents in the region. Beginning in August 1991, Czech scientists from the Teplice District Institute of Hygiene and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency researchers from the Health Effects Research Laboratory and the Atmospheric Research and Exposure Assessment Laboratory cooperated in conducting pilot studies in the Teplice District, which is centrally located in the industrialized area. These studies determined ambient concentrations and personal exposure to airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organic mutagens. Active personal air samplers were used in personal exposure studies of coal miners, policemen and other workers in the Teplice district. Stationary medium-volume (PM sub(10)) and high-volume (PM sub(2.5) and TSP) samplers were also used to collect ambient air samples. JF - International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry AU - Watts, R AU - Lewtas, J AU - Stevens, R AU - Hartlage, T AU - Pinto, J AD - U.S. EPA, Health Effects Res. Lab., MD-68A, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 271 EP - 287 VL - 56 IS - 4 SN - 0306-7319, 0306-7319 KW - Czech Rep., Bohemia, Teplice KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - particle size KW - mutagens KW - air pollution KW - environmental health KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16984902?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Czech-U.S.+EPA+health+study%3A+Assessment+of+personal+and+ambient+air+exposures+to+PAH+and+organic+mutagens+in+the+Teplice+District+of+Northern+Bohemia&rft.au=Watts%2C+R%3BLewtas%2C+J%3BStevens%2C+R%3BHartlage%2C+T%3BPinto%2C+J&rft.aulast=Watts&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=03067319&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; mutagens; particle size; environmental health ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Induction of nitric oxide synthase in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus by Edwardsiella ictaluri AN - 16982872; 3629881 AB - Channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus were injected intraperitoneally with live cells of Edwardsiella ictaluri and held in flow-through tanks for 5 d. The head kidneys from injected and control fish were removed and the nitric oxide synthase activity measured. Activities found were 0.16 plus or minus 0.05 nmol L-citrulline formed/mg protein/min for the injected fish, and 0.002 nmol/mg/min for the control fish. JF - Diseases of Aquatic Organisms AU - Schoor, W P AU - Plumb, JA AD - Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, 1 Sabine Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 153 EP - 155 VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 0177-5103, 0177-5103 KW - Septicemia KW - enteric septicemia KW - fish diseases KW - kidney KW - nitric oxide synthase KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Edwardsiella ictaluri KW - Brackish KW - enzymatic activity KW - Freshwater KW - Ictalurus punctatus KW - infectious diseases KW - J 02862:Infection KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - Q3 08582:Fish culture KW - Q1 08582:Fish culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16982872?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Diseases+of+Aquatic+Organisms&rft.atitle=Induction+of+nitric+oxide+synthase+in+channel+catfish+Ictalurus+punctatus+by+Edwardsiella+ictaluri&rft.au=Schoor%2C+W+P%3BPlumb%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Schoor&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Diseases+of+Aquatic+Organisms&rft.issn=01775103&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - infectious diseases; fish diseases; enzymatic activity; Septicemia; kidney; Edwardsiella ictaluri; Ictalurus punctatus; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fluorescein fluorescence intensity in the presence of gasoline-contaminated water AN - 16978256; 3825109 AB - Fluorescein (Acid Yellow 73) dye-dilutions ranging from 10 super(-7) M to 10 super(-11) M concentrations were analyzed in a solution of gasoline-saturated distilled water. Spectrofluorophotometric analyses confirmed that fluorescein was readily detectable at the 10 super(-11) M concentration. Sorption of fluorescein to activated carbon also produced sufficient fluorescence intensity at the 10 super(-8) M concentration for easy analytical detection. This study shows that gasoline-contaminated water does not substantially reduce the fluorescence capabilities of fluorescein. Fluorescein should still be considered a useful dye for tracing ground-water flow even in the presence of gasoline contamination. JF - Journal of Environmental Systems AU - Field AU - Mushrush, G AD - Off. Res. and Dev., U.S. EPA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 329 EP - 336 VL - 23 IS - 4 SN - 0047-2433, 0047-2433 KW - fluorescein KW - pollution detection KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - spectrophotometry KW - gasoline KW - dyes KW - fluorescence KW - groundwater pollution KW - tracers KW - water pollution KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16978256?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Systems&rft.atitle=Fluorescein+fluorescence+intensity+in+the+presence+of+gasoline-contaminated+water&rft.au=Field%3BMushrush%2C+G&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=329&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Systems&rft.issn=00472433&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - groundwater pollution; gasoline; fluorescence; spectrophotometry; water pollution; dyes; tracers; pollution detection ER - TY - CONF T1 - Point-of-use/point-of-entry treatment of drinking water AN - 16978120; 3629207 AB - The public is more knowledgeable and concerned about contamination in their drinking water than at any other time in history. When spills occur in water bodies used as sources of drinking water in the USA, homeowners want to be sure that their water is safe to drink. Most community water systems produce safe drinking water and point-of-use and point-of-entry devices used on these systems are only needed for aesthetic reasons. There are, however, several instances where point-of-use and point-of-entry devices are the most appropriate treatment for removing contaminants from drinking water. The Safe Drinking Water Act and its amendments have been implemented in the USA to control the concentration of contaminants found in drinking water. Clearly, technology will play a major role in meeting these regulations with the use of treatment such as ozonation, ultraviolet light, ion exchange, granular activated carbon, distillation, and membrane processes. Although the provisions of the Safe Drinking Water Act and its amendments apply to public water systems, individual home-owners should strive to achieve the same quality of drinking water. Therefore, this paper will discuss the types of point-of-use/point-of-entry devices that can be used to control a wide variety of contaminants in drinking water, some examples of how and where these devices are used, and costs of the devices. JF - Water Supply AU - Lykins, BW Jr AU - Goodrich, JA AU - Clark, R M AU - Harrison, J Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 KW - Safe Drinking Water Act KW - point-of-use KW - point-of-entry KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - USA KW - measuring instruments KW - technology KW - pollutants KW - water treatment KW - legislation KW - drinking water KW - contamination KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16978120?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Supply&rft.atitle=Point-of-use%2Fpoint-of-entry+treatment+of+drinking+water&rft.au=Lykins%2C+BW+Jr%3BGoodrich%2C+JA%3BClark%2C+R+M%3BHarrison%2C+J&rft.aulast=Lykins&rft.aufirst=BW&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Supply&rft.issn=07351917&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of DNA adduct levels in human placenta from polychlorinated biphenyl exposed women and smokers in which CYP 1A1 levels are similarly elevated AN - 16976804; 3621921 AB - The DNA adducts identified in placenta of smokers could result from chemicals present in cigarette smoke, substances formed by CYP 1A1 metabolic activation of endogenous compounds, non-cigarette related exposures or a combination of these processes. Exposure to contaminated rice oil containing large doses of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) also resulted in massive elevation of CYP 1A1 in human placenta but formation of DNA adducts directly from this exposure has not previously been reported. The purpose for comparing the two populations was to test the hypothesis that if CYP 1A1 induction results in the metabolic activation of endogenous compounds, than DNA adducts should also be present in PCB/PCDF exposed tissues exhibiting high CYP 1A1 activity and some of the adducts detected in the placental DNA from smokers may be identified as those derived from the metabolic activation of endogenous compounds. There was no evidence of DNA adducts among specimens obtained from PCB/PCDF exposed individuals. These data suggest that CYP 1A1 induction alone (in the absence of cigarette smoking) does not induce the formation of DNA adducts detectable by this approach, and that smoking related adducts are not a consequence of CYP 1A1 induction medicated activation of endogenous compounds or xenobiotics other than cigarette smoker. JF - Teratogenesis, Carcinogenesis and Mutagenesis AU - Gallagher, JE AU - Everson, R B AU - Lewtas, J AU - George, M AU - Lucier, G W AD - Health Eff. Res. Lab., Genet. Toxicol. Div., (MD 68A) US EPA, Research Tringle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 183 EP - 192 VL - 14 IS - 4 SN - 0270-3211, 0270-3211 KW - PCB KW - cytochrome P4501A1 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Toxicology Abstracts KW - smoking KW - placenta KW - DNA KW - man KW - N 14630:Chemical reactions & interactions, including effects of radiation KW - X 24155:Biochemistry KW - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16976804?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratogenesis%2C+Carcinogenesis+and+Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+DNA+adduct+levels+in+human+placenta+from+polychlorinated+biphenyl+exposed+women+and+smokers+in+which+CYP+1A1+levels+are+similarly+elevated&rft.au=Gallagher%2C+JE%3BEverson%2C+R+B%3BLewtas%2C+J%3BGeorge%2C+M%3BLucier%2C+G+W&rft.aulast=Gallagher&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratogenesis%2C+Carcinogenesis+and+Mutagenesis&rft.issn=02703211&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA; smoking; placenta; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of potential confounding factors in sediment toxicity tests with three freshwater benthic invertebrates AN - 16974807; 3816010 AB - We examined the effects of natural sediment physicochemical properties on the results of lab tests with the amphipod Hyalella azteca, the midge Chironomus tentans, and the oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus. Ten-day exposures with the three species were conducted with 50 uncontaminated sediment samples from Lakes Erie, Huron, Superior, and Ontario, which differed markedly with regard to characteristics such as grain-size distribution, organic carbon content, and mineralogical composition. Tests were conducted both with and without the addition of exogenous food. Survival of Hyalella azteca, survival and growth of Chironomus tentans, and survival/reproduction and growth of Lumbriculus variegatus were significantly greater in tests in which the animals were fed vs. those in which they were not. Approximately 10% of the tests in which Hyalella azteca was not fed and 80% of tests in which the amphipods were fed resulted in >80% survival, a common criterion for defining the acceptability of tests with Hyalella azteca in clean control sediments. Similarly, a relatively high percentage of the tests in which Chironomus tentans was not fed would have failed a control survival criterion of 70% for the midge. Hence, there is significant potential for false positive results if Hyalella azteca or Chironomus tentans is not fed during sediment tests. Predictive modeling of the assay results in relationship to sediment physicochemical characteristics failed to reveal any additional factors that influenced survival of Hyalella azteca and Chironomus tentans, or reproduction and growth of Lumbriculus variegatus in tests in which the organisms were fed. However, linear modeling did suggest that growth of fed as well as unfed Chironomus tentans may have been influenced by grain-size distribution of the test sediments. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Ankley, G T AU - Benoit, DA AU - Balogh, J C AU - Reynoldson, T B AU - Day, KE AU - Hoke, R A AD - U.S. EPA, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 627 EP - 635 VL - 13 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Chironomidae KW - Chironomus tentans KW - Diptera KW - Hyalella azteca KW - Invertebrata KW - Lumbriculus variegatus KW - amphipods KW - benthic fauna KW - decision making KW - invertebrates KW - midges KW - oligochaetes KW - pollution effects KW - regulations KW - sediment concentration KW - sediment pollution KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicity tests KW - water pollution effects KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Entomology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - bioaccumulation KW - toxicity KW - sediments KW - water pollution KW - physicochemical properties KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - Z 05183:Toxicology & resistance KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16974807?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+potential+confounding+factors+in+sediment+toxicity+tests+with+three+freshwater+benthic+invertebrates&rft.au=Ankley%2C+G+T%3BBenoit%2C+DA%3BBalogh%2C+J+C%3BReynoldson%2C+T+B%3BDay%2C+KE%3BHoke%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=627&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxicity; physicochemical properties; sediments; toxicity tests; sediment pollution; pollution effects; water pollution; bioaccumulation; toxicity testing; Invertebrata; decision making; regulations; invertebrates; sediment concentration; amphipods; midges; benthic fauna; oligochaetes; water pollution effects; Hyalella azteca; Lumbriculus variegatus; Chironomidae; Chironomus tentans; Diptera; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sorption and precipitation of metals in activated sludge AN - 16965933; 3625816 AB - A conceptual model describing the relative roles of sorption and precipitation processes for metals in solid-solution suspensions is presented. The model performance is demonstrated using experimental data on sorption and precipitation of metals in samples of activated sludge mixed liquor. Based on the experimental results presented here, it appears that, at total metal and mixed liquor suspended solids concentrations and pH values generally encountered in full-scale municipal (or combined municipal/industrial) activated sludge systems, metals are primarily removed by sorption processes. JF - Biotechnology and Bioengineering AU - Kodukula, P S AU - Patterson, J W AU - Surampalli, R Y AD - U.S. EPA, P.O. Box 17-2141, Kansas City, KS 66117, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 874 EP - 880 VL - 43 IS - 9 SN - 0006-3592, 0006-3592 KW - sludges KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - sorption KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - activation KW - W2 32580:Fermentation and process engineering KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16965933?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.atitle=Sorption+and+precipitation+of+metals+in+activated+sludge&rft.au=Kodukula%2C+P+S%3BPatterson%2C+J+W%3BSurampalli%2C+R+Y&rft.aulast=Kodukula&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=874&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.issn=00063592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sorption; metals; precipitation; activation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ethylene thiourea (ETU). A review of the genetic toxicity studies AN - 16964890; 3625630 AB - Ethylene thiourea (ETU) is a common contaminant, metabolite and degradation product of the fungicide class of ethylene bisdithiocarbamates (EBDCs); as such, they present possible exposure and toxicological concerns to exposed individuals. ETU has been assayed in many different tests to assess genotoxicity activity. While a great number of negative results are found in the data base, there is evidence that demonstrates ETU is capable of inducing genotoxic endpoints. These include responses for gene mutations (e.g. Salmonella), structural chromosomal alterations (e.g. aberrations in cultured mammalian cells as well as a dominant lethal assay) and other genotoxic effects (e.g. bacterial rec assay and several yeast assays). It is important to consider the magnitude of the positive responses as well as the concentrations/doses used when assessing the genotoxicity of ETU. While ETU induces a variety of genotoxic endpoints, it does not appear to be a potent genotoxic agent. For example, it is a weak bacterial mutagen in the Salmonella assay without activation in strain TA1535 at concentrations generally above 1000 mu g/plate. Weak genotoxic activity of this sort is usually observed in most of the assays with positive results. Since ETU does not appear very potent and is not extremely toxic to test cells and organisms, it is not surprising to find that ETU does not produce consistent effects in many of the assays reviewed. Consequently, in many instances, mixed results for the same assay type are reported by different investigators, but as reviewed herein, these results may be dependent upon the test conditions in each individual laboratory. A primary shortcoming with many of the reported negative results is that the concentrations or doses used are not high enough for an adequate test for ETU activity. There are also problems with many of the negative assays generally in protocol or reporting, particularly with the in vivo studies (e.g. inappropriate sample number and/or sampling times; inadequate top dose employed). Overall, while ETU does not appear to be a potent genotoxic agent, it is capable of producing genotoxic effects (e.g. gene mutations, structural chromosomal aberrations). This provides a basis for weak genotoxic activity by ETU. Furthermore, based on a suggestive dominant lethal positive result, there may be a concern for heritable effects. Due to the many problems with the conduct and assessment of the in vivo assays, it is worth repeating in vivo cytogenetic assays and a dominant lethal assay (with acceptable test procedures and data generation) to determine if these results would continue to support a heritable mutagenicity concern. JF - Mutation Research AU - Dearfield, K L AD - U.S. EPA, Off. Pestic. Programs, Health Effects Div. (7509C), 401 M St. S.W., Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 111 EP - 132 VL - 317 IS - 2 SN - 0165-1110, 0165-1110 KW - ethylene thiourea KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - reviews KW - genotoxicity KW - fungicides KW - X 24135:Biochemistry KW - G 07221:Specific chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16964890?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research&rft.atitle=Ethylene+thiourea+%28ETU%29.+A+review+of+the+genetic+toxicity+studies&rft.au=Dearfield%2C+K+L&rft.aulast=Dearfield&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=317&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research&rft.issn=01651110&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - genotoxicity; reviews; fungicides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cave levels and cave development in the Mitchell Plain following base-level lowering AN - 16961304; 3624303 AB - Multiple levels evolved in Buddha-Christian's Cave and in Donaldson's-Bronson's-Twin Cave in a subtly different manner to that normally associated with the development of multilevel caves adjacent to entrenched river valleys. It is often assumed that lower cave levels are generated by successive phases of valley entrenchment; however, multiple levels may also be induced by progressive adjustments in groundwater flow paths. Such adjustments occur as the effects of a change in base level propagate up-basin. In the Mitchell Plain much of the late Pleistocene drop in the elevation of the principal drainage (the East Fork of the White River) was accommodated by entrenchment along the lower reaches of tributary valleys. Caves initially developed in the mid-sections of tributary basins at relatively shallow depths. In the vicinity of the cave exit, the piezometric surface gradually steepened and was eventually lowered through a combination of valley headwall retreat and the incremental concentration of flow through master conduits. Upper-level passages were abandoned once the original high-level flow paths were replaced by lower-level routes. JF - Earth Surface Processes and Landforms AU - Johnson, P A AU - Gomez, B AD - U.S. EPA, 77 W. Jackson Blvd, Chicago, IL 60604, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 517 EP - 524 VL - 19 IS - 6 SN - 0197-9337, 0197-9337 KW - USA, Indiana, Mitchell Plain KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - limestone KW - subsurface drainage KW - hydraulic gradient KW - groundwater movement KW - cavern flow KW - caves KW - piezometric head KW - geohydrology KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16961304?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+Surface+Processes+and+Landforms&rft.atitle=Cave+levels+and+cave+development+in+the+Mitchell+Plain+following+base-level+lowering&rft.au=Johnson%2C+P+A%3BGomez%2C+B&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=517&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth+Surface+Processes+and+Landforms&rft.issn=01979337&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - geohydrology; caves; cavern flow; groundwater movement; piezometric head; hydraulic gradient; subsurface drainage; limestone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Package plants for small water supplies - the US experience AN - 16961148; 3618802 AB - Tens of thousands (over 58,000) small or very small regulated community water systems (approximately 500 population served) in the United States will have a difficult time in complying with the requirements of the US Safe Drinking Water Act and its Amendments. One option available to small utilities in the United States is the installation of package treatment plants. Package technologies, which are assembled in a factory, skid mounted and transported to the site, offer an alternative to in-ground conventional treatment technology. The major advantage of package plants are their compact size, cost-effectiveness, relative ease of operation and design for unattended operation. Performance data demonstrate that package plants can meet traditional goals with regard to controlling microbiological contaminants and turbidity. In general, package plants not meeting the Safe Drinking Water Act Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) have problems caused by lack of operator attention, such as not varying chemical dosage to meet changing raw water quality and by failure to run for periods of time long enough to achieve stable operation. JF - Aqua - Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology AU - Clark, R M AU - Goodrich, JA AU - Lykins, BW Jr AD - Drinking Water Res. Div., Risk Reduct. Eng. Lab., U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 23 EP - 34 VL - 43 IS - 1 SN - 0003-7214, 0003-7214 KW - Safe Drinking Water Act KW - water supply systems KW - regulations KW - water treatment facilities KW - government regulations KW - federal regulations KW - water supplies KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - compliance KW - drinking water KW - water quality control KW - legislation KW - USA KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - H SE3.5:STANDARDS, LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND POLICY KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16961148?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aqua+-+Journal+of+Water+Supply%3A+Research+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Package+plants+for+small+water+supplies+-+the+US+experience&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BGoodrich%2C+JA%3BLykins%2C+BW+Jr&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aqua+-+Journal+of+Water+Supply%3A+Research+and+Technology&rft.issn=00037214&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - compliance; regulations; legislation; water treatment facilities; water quality control; drinking water; USA; Safe Drinking Water Act; government regulations; federal regulations; water supplies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Polychlorinated biphenyls as hormonally active structural analogues AN - 16960912; 3621575 AB - We compare qualitative structure-activity relationships for PCBs with the limited information for PCBs with the limited information on the related non-coplanar chlorinated diphenyl ethers, providing further insights into the nature of the molecular recognition processes and support for the structural relationship of PCBs to thyroid hormones. Steroidlike activity requires conformational restriction and possibly hydroxylation. We offer some simple molecular recognition models to account for the importance of these different structural features in the structure-activity relationships that permit one to express PCB reactivities in terms of dioxin, thyroxine, and estradiol equivalents. The available data support the involvement of PCBs as mimics of thyroid and other steroid hormones. The potential for reproductive and developmental toxicity associated with human exposure to PCBs is of particular concern. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - McKinney, J D AU - Waller, CL AD - Pharmacokinetics Branch (MD-74), Environ. Toxicol. Div., Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 290 EP - 297 VL - 102 IS - 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - PCB KW - structure-activity relationship KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - activity KW - hormones KW - X 24155:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16960912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Polychlorinated+biphenyls+as+hormonally+active+structural+analogues&rft.au=McKinney%2C+J+D%3BWaller%2C+CL&rft.aulast=McKinney&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=290&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hormones; activity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutation spectra of Glu-P-1 in Salmonella: Induction of hotspot frameshifts and site-specific base substitutions AN - 16960673; 3621423 AB - We used colony probe hybridization and PCR/DNA sequence analysis to determine the mutations in similar to 1,640 revertants of the -1 frameshift allele hisD3052 and similar to 260 revertants of the base substitution allele hisG46 of Salmonella typhimurium induced by the heterocyclic amine cooked food mutagen 2-amino-6-methyldipyrido [1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole (Glu-P-1). All of the mutations were at sites containing guanine, which is the base at which Glu-P-1 forms DNA adducts. A hotspot mutation involving the deletion of a CG or GC within the sequence CGCGCGCG accounted for 100% of the Glu-P-1-induced mutations at the frameshift allele in strains TA1978 (uvr super(+)) and TA1538 ( Delta uvrB) and 99% in TA98 ( Delta uvrB, pKM101). To explain the induction of these hotspot mutations by Glu-P-1, we describe here a more detailed version of our recently proposed correct incorporation/slippage model. We propose that after cytosine is incorporated correctly opposite a Glu-P-1-adducted guanine, various slipped intermediates may form (a total of 18), depending on which guanine is adducted and whether it remains within the helix or becomes extrahelical. This variety of mutational pathways may account for the high mutability of the hotspot sequence by Glu-P-1. JF - Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis AU - Levine, J G AU - Knasmueller, S AU - Shelton, M L AU - DeMarini, D M AD - U.S. EPA (MD-68A), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 11 EP - 22 VL - 24 IS - 1 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - mutation KW - frameshift mutant KW - Salmonella typhimurium KW - polymerase chain reaction KW - revertants KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16960673?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Mutation+spectra+of+Glu-P-1+in+Salmonella%3A+Induction+of+hotspot+frameshifts+and+site-specific+base+substitutions&rft.au=Levine%2C+J+G%3BKnasmueller%2C+S%3BShelton%2C+M+L%3BDeMarini%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Levine&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Salmonella typhimurium; mutation; revertants; frameshift mutant; polymerase chain reaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - National and regional distributions of airborne radon concentrations in U.S. homes AN - 16957094; 3618825 AB - The National Residential Radon Survey was conducted during 1989 and 1990 to provide data on the frequency distribution of annual average radon concentrations in U.S. residences nationwide, in U.S. Environmental Protection Agency defined Regions, and in subgroups of the housing stock. The National Residential Radon Survey also provided housing and demographic data and a preliminary assessment of the relationship of housing and geographical characteristics to residential radon concentrations. This paper focuses solely on the national and regional estimates of annual average radon concentrations. A stratified, three-stage sampling procedure was used to select housing units for the survey. Data were collected through personal interviews with residents and placement of alpha track detectors in each level of the residences for 12 mo. The survey found an arithmetic annual average radon concentration in U.S. homes of 46.3 plus or minus 4.4 Bq m super(-3) (1.25 plus or minus 0.12 pCi L super(-1)). JF - Health Physics AU - Marcinowski, F AU - Lucas, R M AU - Yeager, WM AD - U.S. EPA, Off. Radiat. and Indoor Air (6604J), Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 699 EP - 706 VL - 66 IS - 6 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - demographics KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - radon KW - indoor environments KW - USA KW - risk assessment KW - public health KW - R2 23030:Natural hazards KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - H SE3.9.1:RADIATION HAZARDS UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16957094?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=National+and+regional+distributions+of+airborne+radon+concentrations+in+U.S.+homes&rft.au=Marcinowski%2C+F%3BLucas%2C+R+M%3BYeager%2C+WM&rft.aulast=Marcinowski&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=699&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; indoor environments; radon; risk assessment; public health ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of short-term exposure to ethanol on mouse embryos in vitro AN - 16955096; 3618460 AB - The adverse developmental effects of ethanol consumption have been documented in humans and in animal models. In animal models, the organ system affected by ethanol administration is dependent on the point in gestation at which the xenobiotic is administered. Previous studies have shown that an exposure of 24-48 hr beginning at the early somite stage in rodent conceptuses alters neural tube closure in vitro. However, the concentration and time dependency of this effect have not been fully defined. Whole embryo culture was therefore used to expose 3-6-somite mouse conceptuses (ICR strain) to ethanol at 300, 450, 600 and 800 mg/dl. The higher concentrations were selected to approximate the peak serum ethanol concentrations that have been shown to be teratogenic in vivo. The results indicate that ethanol-induced neural tube defects do not appear to be due solely to embryonic growth retardation. Additionally, ethanol-induced neural tube defects are a function of duration of exposure as well as of peak serum concentration. JF - Toxicology In Vitro AU - Hunter, ES III AU - Tugman, JA AU - Sulik, K K AU - Sadler, T W AD - Dev. Toxicol. Div., MD 67, EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 413 EP - 421 VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 0887-2333, 0887-2333 KW - ethanol KW - mice KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - neural tube defects KW - embryos KW - teratogenicity KW - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16955096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+In+Vitro&rft.atitle=Effects+of+short-term+exposure+to+ethanol+on+mouse+embryos+in+vitro&rft.au=Hunter%2C+ES+III%3BTugman%2C+JA%3BSulik%2C+K+K%3BSadler%2C+T+W&rft.aulast=Hunter&rft.aufirst=ES&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=413&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+In+Vitro&rft.issn=08872333&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - embryos; teratogenicity; neural tube defects ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiple replicons constituting the genome of Pseudomonas cepacia 17616 AN - 16939554; 3613524 AB - Macrorestriction fragment analysis of DNA from Pseudomonas cepacia 17616, in conjunction with Southern hybridization experiments using junction fragments containing rare restriction enzyme sites as probes, indicated that this bacterium contains three large circular replicons of 3.4, 2.5, and 0.9 megabases (Mb). Inclusion of the 170-kb cryptic plasmid present in this strain gave an overall estimate of genome size of 7 Mb. Other Southern hybridization experiments indicated that the three large replicons contained rRNA genes as well as insertion sequence elements identified previously in this strain. The distribution of SwaI, PacI, and PmeI sites on the three replicons was determined. The results provide a framework for further genetic analysis of strain 17616 and for evaluation of the genomic complexities of other P. cepacia isolates. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Cheng, Hai-Ping AU - Lessie, T G AD - U.S. EPA Environ. Res. Lab., 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 4034 EP - 4042 VL - 176 IS - 13 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - replicons KW - restriction fragment length polymorphism KW - genomes KW - Pseudomonas cepacia KW - G 07321:GENERAL KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16939554?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=Multiple+replicons+constituting+the+genome+of+Pseudomonas+cepacia+17616&rft.au=Cheng%2C+Hai-Ping%3BLessie%2C+T+G&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Hai-Ping&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=176&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=4034&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pseudomonas cepacia; genomes; replicons; restriction fragment length polymorphism ER - TY - CONF T1 - Integrated land-use systems: Assessment of promising agroforest and alternative land-use practices to enhance carbon conservation and sequestration AN - 16937372; 3612300 AB - Degraded or sub-standard soils and marginal lands occupy a significant proportion of boreal, temperate and tropical biomes. Management of these lands with a wide range of existing, site-specific, integrated, agroforest systems represents a significant global opportunity to reduce the accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Establishment of extensive agricultural, agroforest, and alternative land-use systems on marginal or degraded lands could sequester 0.82-2.2 Pg carbon (C) per year, globally, over a 50-year time-frame. Moreover, slowing soil degradation by alternative grassland management and by impeding desertification could conserve up to 0.5-1.5 Pg C annually. A global analysis of biologic and economic data from 94 nations representing diverse climatic and edaphic conditions reveals a range of integrated land-use systems which could be used to establish and manage vegetation on marginal or degraded lands. Promising land-use systems and practices identified to conserve and temporarily store C include agroforestry systems, fuelwood and fiber plantations, bioreserves, intercropping systems, and shelterbelts/windbreaks. For example successful establishment of low-intensity agroforestry systems can store up to 70 Mg C/ha in boreal, temperate and tropical ecoregions. JF - Climatic Change AU - Dixon, R K AU - Winjum, J K AU - Andrasko, K J AU - Lee, J J AU - Schroeder, P E Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 71 EP - 92 VL - 27 IS - 1 KW - greenhouse gases KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - management KW - global warming KW - climatic changes KW - D 04700:Management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16937372?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Integrated+land-use+systems%3A+Assessment+of+promising+agroforest+and+alternative+land-use+practices+to+enhance+carbon+conservation+and+sequestration&rft.au=Dixon%2C+R+K%3BWinjum%2C+J+K%3BAndrasko%2C+K+J%3BLee%2C+J+J%3BSchroeder%2C+P+E&rft.aulast=Dixon&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sorption of elemental mercury by activated carbons AN - 16933562; 3608581 AB - The mechanisms and rate of elemental mercury (Hg super(0)) capture by activated carbons have been studied using a bench-scale apparatus. Three types of activated carbons, two of which are thermally activated (PC-100 and FGD) and one with elemental sulfur (S) impregnated in it (HGR), were chosen to study the effects of surface area (approximately 550-1000 m super(2)/g), sorption temperature (23-140 degree C), and Hg super(0) concentration (30 and 60 ppb of Hg super(0) in nitrogen). Investigations revealed that sorption occurs in active sites in PC-100 and FGD which are either depleted or deactivated upon heat treatment at 140 degree C. For HGR, sorption at 23 degree C occurred in non-S sites residing in the external surface, and sorption of 140 degree C primarily occurred through the reaction of Hg super(0) and S. Desorption studies for PC-100 and HGR revealed the sorption mechanism to be a combination of physisorption and chemisorption at 23 degree C, whereas chemisorption is the primary route at 140 degree C. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Krishnan, S V AU - Gullett, B K AU - Jozewicz, W AD - U.S. EPA, Air and Energy Eng. Res. Lab., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 1506 EP - 1512 VL - 28 IS - 8 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - activated carbon KW - sorption KW - physicochemical properties KW - combustion KW - emission control KW - flue gas KW - mercury KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16933562?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Sorption+of+elemental+mercury+by+activated+carbons&rft.au=Krishnan%2C+S+V%3BGullett%2C+B+K%3BJozewicz%2C+W&rft.aulast=Krishnan&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1506&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sorption; mercury; activated carbon; physicochemical properties; emission control; flue gas; combustion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbiological stability of wastewater sludges from activated sludge systems AN - 16927591; 162114 AB - Proposed United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulations require that processed sludge, prior to disposal, must meet certain pathogen-reduction requirements. The present study was conducted to evaluate reductions in pathogen-indicator bacteria in the slugdes of six wastewater plants. Five of the plants use extended aeration and oxidation ditches; the other is a trickling filter plant. Fecal coliform, fecal streptococcus, and Salmonella were measured on all sludge samples. Temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, volatile suspended solids (VSS), and total suspended solids were also measured. The fecal coliform log reductions/g VSS for all the extended aeration and oxidation ditch plants were greater than 1 times 76. They varied from a log reduction of 1 times 76 to 4 times 21. The fecal streptococci reductions for the same sludge were generally lower than the fecal coliform reductions. The variations in the fecal streptococci log reductions in different plant sludges were from 0 times 87 to 2 times 73. The Salmonella log reductions varied from 1 times 39 to 4 times 7 and paralleled the fecal coliform reductions. The bacterial reductions were related to the plant design parameters. A longer storage of sludge usually produced a larger log reduction of the indicator bacteria. Generally, the extended aeration and oxidation ditch plants were meeting the proposed EPA class B Pathogen reduction criteria, a two-order reduction. JF - Bioresource Technology AU - Surampalli, R Y AU - Banerji, S K AU - Chen, J C AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Kansas City, KS, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 203 EP - 207 PB - ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, OXFORD, (ENGL) VL - 49 IS - 3 SN - 0960-8524, 0960-8524 KW - Activated sludge process KW - Coliform bacteria KW - Dissolved oxygen sensors KW - Fecal streptococcus KW - Laws and legislation KW - Salmonella KW - Sewage aeration KW - Temperature measurement KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - pH sensors KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Microbiology KW - W4 452.2:SEWAGE TREATMENT KW - W4 902.3:LEGAL ASPECTS KW - W4 944.6:TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS KW - W4 461.9:BIOLOGY KW - W4 452.1:SEWAGE KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 801.1:CHEMISTRY (GENERAL) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16927591?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioresource+Technology&rft.atitle=Microbiological+stability+of+wastewater+sludges+from+activated+sludge+systems&rft.au=Surampalli%2C+R+Y%3BBanerji%2C+S+K%3BChen%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Surampalli&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioresource+Technology&rft.issn=09608524&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Microbiology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acidic deposition as an unlikely cause for amphibian population declines in the Sierra Nevada, California AN - 16926597; 3603367 AB - The Sierra Nevada of California is one of many regions worldwide that has recently experienced dramatic declines in amphibian populations. During the past two to three decades many populations of at least two species (Rana muscosa and Bufo canorus) have disappeared in national parks and designated wilderness areas at high elevation, whereas populations of a third widespread species (Pseudacris regilla) have remained stable or declined to a lesser extent. Acidification from atmospheric deposition has been suggested as a cause for these disappearances primarily because most surface waters in these areas are exceptionally low in acid neutralizing capacity (ANC), and thus are vulnerable to changes in water chemistry due to acidic deposition. We tested the hypothesis that acidification of habitats has adversely affected amphibian populations by eliminating populations from waters most vulnerable to acidification, i.e. low in pH or ANC, or from waters low in ionic strength, a condition that increases the sensitivity of amphibians to low pH. A survey of 235 potential breeding sites in 30 randomly selected survey areas failed to reveal significant differences in water chemistry parameters between sites with and sites without each of the three species. Moreover, the water chemistry parameters did not differ among sites inhabited by the three species in a manner paralleling their degrees of acid tolerance. These findings contra-indicate acidic deposition as a cause of recent amphibian population declines in the Sierra Nevada at high elevation. JF - Biological Conservation AU - Bradford, D F AU - Gordon AU - Johnson, D F AU - Andrews, R D AU - Jennings, W B AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Monit. Sys. Lab., P.O. Box 93478, Las Vegas, NV 89193-3478, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 155 EP - 161 VL - 69 IS - 2 SN - 0006-3207, 0006-3207 KW - Amphibia KW - Bufo canorus KW - Pseudacris regilla KW - Rana muscosa KW - acid deposition KW - amphibians KW - chemistry of precipitation KW - ecological effects KW - hydrogen ion concentration KW - inland water environment KW - pH effects KW - population decline KW - population number KW - populations KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - USA, California KW - USA, California, Sierra Nevada Mts. KW - acid rain KW - acidification KW - water analysis KW - D 04803:Pollution effects KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q1 08442:Population dynamics KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - Q1 08321:General KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - D 04669:Amphibians UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16926597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Conservation&rft.atitle=Acidic+deposition+as+an+unlikely+cause+for+amphibian+population+declines+in+the+Sierra+Nevada%2C+California&rft.au=Bradford%2C+D+F%3BGordon%3BJohnson%2C+D+F%3BAndrews%2C+R+D%3BJennings%2C+W+B&rft.aulast=Bradford&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Conservation&rft.issn=00063207&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - population number; inland water environment; acidification; water analysis; pH effects; acid rain; acid deposition; populations; population decline; Amphibia; ecological effects; hydrogen ion concentration; chemistry of precipitation; amphibians; Bufo canorus; Pseudacris regilla; Rana muscosa; USA, California; USA, California, Sierra Nevada Mts.; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metabolic and thermoregulatory responses of the rat maintained in acrylic or wire-screen cages: Implications for pharmacological studies AN - 16925591; 3600653 AB - Because of differences in thermal conductivity, it is likely that a rodent's thermoregulatory requirements and their response to drugs and other stimuli will vary in metal and acrylic cages. To address these issues, thermoregulatory responses were measured in rats housed in an environmental chamber with a floor made of either solid metal (aluminum) or acrylic materials (Plexiglas). Metabolic rate (M), evaporative water loss (E), thermal conductance (C), and tail skin (T sub(sk)) and core temperature (T sub(c)) were measured at ambient temperatures (T sub(a)) of 10, 20, 28, 30, 32, and 34 degree C. These thermoregulatory variables were essentially unaffected by floor type at T sub(a)s of 20 and 28 degree C. The acrylic floor showed greater increases in M, E, T sub(c), and T sub(sk), but a smaller elevation in C as T sub(a) increased from 28 to 34 degree C. At a T sub(a) of 10 degree C, rats on the acrylic floor had a smaller M compared to that measured on the metal floor. Rats were then injected with saline or of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and placed in an acrylic cage with wood chip bedding or a wire-screen cage at a T sub(a) of 20 degree C. The MDMA caused T sub(c) to increase > 2.0 degree C in rats in the acrylic cage but had no effect on T sub(c) of rats in the wire-screen cage. JF - Physiology & Behavior AU - Gordon, C J AU - Fogelson, L AD - Neurotoxicol. Div., Health Effects Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 73 EP - 79 VL - 56 IS - 1 SN - 0031-9384, 0031-9384 KW - thermal KW - effects on KW - rats KW - 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine KW - MDMA KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - conductivity KW - housing KW - body temperature KW - thermoregulation KW - Y 25867:Mammals (excluding primates) KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16925591?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physiology+%26+Behavior&rft.atitle=Metabolic+and+thermoregulatory+responses+of+the+rat+maintained+in+acrylic+or+wire-screen+cages%3A+Implications+for+pharmacological+studies&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J%3BFogelson%2C+L&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physiology+%26+Behavior&rft.issn=00319384&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - housing; thermoregulation; conductivity; body temperature; toxicity testing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial characterization of thermophilic Archaea isolated from the Guaymas Basin hydrothermal vent AN - 16924123; 3598842 AB - Extremely thermophilic bacteria were isolated from sediments collected at the Guaymas Basin hydrothermal vent located in the Gulf of California. One isolate (FC89) is a hydrogenotrophic methanogen with an optimal growth temperature of 85 degree C; this isolate appears to be closely related to the previously described Methanococcus jannaschii. Thermophilic isolates TY and TYS are heterotrophic, sulfur-reducing archaea that differ from other thermophilic heterotrophic strains in physiological and molecular properties. Both heterotrophic isolates fermented carbohydrates and proteinaceous substrates; acetate was the primary product of carbohydrate fermentation, whereas acetate and a mix of organic acids were primary products of proteinaceous substrate fermentation. A detailed microbiological characterization of the isolates and a profile of fermentable substrates and fermentation products are described. JF - Current Microbiology AU - Canganella, F AU - Jones, W J AD - Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, 960 College Station Rd., Athens, GA 30605, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 299 EP - 306 VL - 28 IS - 5 SN - 0343-8651, 0343-8651 KW - hydrothermal springs KW - isolation KW - thermophilic bacteria KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - ISE, Mexico, California Gulf, Guaymas Basin KW - Marine KW - Archaebacteria KW - sediments KW - fermentation KW - carbohydrates KW - Q1 08206:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - A 01015:Fermentation & related processes KW - J 02722:Biodegradation, growth, nutrition and leaching UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16924123?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Microbial+characterization+of+thermophilic+Archaea+isolated+from+the+Guaymas+Basin+hydrothermal+vent&rft.au=Canganella%2C+F%3BJones%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Canganella&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=299&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+Microbiology&rft.issn=03438651&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hydrothermal springs; fermentation; sediments; carbohydrates; thermophilic bacteria; isolation; Archaebacteria; ISE, Mexico, California Gulf, Guaymas Basin; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Arsenic: risk assessment for California drinking water standards AN - 16918408; 155605 AB - Six California counties contain 15 water systems with arsenic concentrations above the 50 ppb maximum contaminant level (MCL). Arsenic compounds are known to be carcinogenic in humans by oral and inhalation routes. The US EPA has identified an oral human chronic no-observable-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of 0.0008 mg/kg-d based on skin and vascular effects. On the basis of skin cancer potency of 5.3 x 10 super(-3)/ mu g/kg-d, a recommended public health level (RPHL) of 2 ppt (0.002 mu g/L) is being proposed in accordance with the provisions of the Safe Drinking Water Act of 1989. This value assumes a body weight of 70 kg, a water consumption of 21/day, a relative source contribution of 20%, and a lifetime extra cancer risk of 10 super(-6). JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Brown, Joseph P AU - Fan, Anna M AD - California Environmental Protection Agency (Cal/EPA), Berkeley, CA, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 149 EP - 159 PB - ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBLISHERS B.V., AMSTERDAM, (NETH) VL - 39 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - Carcinogenic KW - Drinking water standards KW - Health hazards KW - Health risks KW - Laws and legislation KW - No observable adverse effect level KW - Recommended public health level KW - Water supply systems KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Skin KW - Standards KW - Diseases KW - Water quality KW - W4 446.1:WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS KW - W4 461.2:BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS KW - W4 902.2:CODES AND STANDARDS KW - W4 461.6:MEDICINE KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 801.1:CHEMISTRY (GENERAL) KW - W4 454.1:ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (GENERAL) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16918408?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Arsenic%3A+risk+assessment+for+California+drinking+water+standards&rft.au=Brown%2C+Joseph+P%3BFan%2C+Anna+M&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Skin; Standards; Diseases; Water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 1993 update of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's SITE Emerging Technology Program AN - 16917386; 3602640 AB - The Emerging Technology Program (ETP), part of the U.S. EPA's Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE) Program, is continuing to create an environment where technical innovation can accelerate into field and commercial applications for treatment of hazardous waste sites. The ETP was established under the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) of 1986 to research and develop innovative/alternative technologies. In addition, the SITE program was also mandated to demonstrate innovative/alternative technologies in the field. A primary goal of the ETP is to move developed technologies to the field demonstration stage, thus creating a full impact assessment of the life cycle of a technology, from research to field demonstration. The purpose of this article is to provide: (1) information about understanding the SITE Emerging Technology Program and how it operates; (2) an account of the progress of the ETP's first seven years (1987-1993) of operation (the ETP started one year later than the demonstration program); (3) a list of ETP technologies with research completed; (4) a description of those technologies selected from the 1993 selection; and (5) an awareness that the program has traditionally been providing funding and technical support to the private sector for the acceleration of research and development. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Lewis, N M AU - Parker, R A AD - U.S. EPA, Risk Reduct. Eng. Lab., Cincinnati, OH, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 195 EP - 203 VL - 44 IS - 2 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - research and development KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - federal programs KW - waste disposal sites KW - waste treatment KW - EPA KW - USA KW - hazardous wastes KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - H SE3.5:STANDARDS, LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND POLICY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16917386?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=1993+update+of+the+U.S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency%27s+SITE+Emerging+Technology+Program&rft.au=Lewis%2C+N+M%3BParker%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; EPA; federal programs; hazardous wastes; waste disposal sites; waste treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Washing studies for PCP and creosote-contaminated soil AN - 16914604; 3598457 AB - The Environmental Protection Agency has conducted a series of bench-scale and pilot-scale studies to evaluate the feasibility of washing pentachlorophenol (PCP) and creosote from the soil at an abandoned wood-treatment Superfund site in Pensacola, FL. The high sand content and low silt/fines content of the soil made soil washing a promising alternative to incineration. The bench-scale tests confirmed the feasibility of washing the PCP and the carcinogenic creosote compounds from the soil using a nonionic surfactant at a pH of nine to ten and water temperature of approximately 120 degree F. The target concentrations for total creosote were not achieved, but the results were sufficiently close to warrant further testing. The pilot-scale tests using the EPA's mobile Volume Reduction Unit produced residual PCP, carcinogenic creosote, and total creosote levels below the target levels. The tests also produced comparison data on the effects of surfactant concentration, pH, temperature, and liquid:solid ratio. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Tobia, R J AU - Camacho, J M AU - Augustin, P AU - Griffiths, R A AU - Frederick, R M AD - Risk Reduct. Eng. Lab., U.S. EPA, 2890 Woodbridge Ave., Edison, NJ 08837, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 145 EP - 161 VL - 38 IS - 1 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - soil washing KW - pentachlorophenol KW - creosote KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Superfund KW - waste disposal sites KW - soil remediation KW - USA, Florida, Pensacola KW - pollutant removal KW - soil contamination KW - hazardous wastes KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16914604?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Washing+studies+for+PCP+and+creosote-contaminated+soil&rft.au=Tobia%2C+R+J%3BCamacho%2C+J+M%3BAugustin%2C+P%3BGriffiths%2C+R+A%3BFrederick%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Tobia&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Florida, Pensacola; soil contamination; pollutant removal; Superfund; hazardous wastes; waste disposal sites; soil remediation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Infectivity and teratogenicity of Beauveria bassiana in Menidia beryllina embryos AN - 16914198; 3598544 AB - Developing embryos of the inland silverside fish, Menidia beryllina, were exposed to conidiospores of the insect pathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana, that possessed activity against the migratory grasshopper, Melanoplus sanguinipes. Various adverse effects were observed in Menidia beryllina embryos and larvae. They included rupture of the chorion, embryo death, developmental defects (vertebral abnormalities) in the embryo or hatched larvae, and fungal infections on the mandibles for larvae. Although there was little evidence of a definitive dose-response trend based on densities of viable conidiospores, statistically significant responses were observed in tests in which conidiospore densities were as low as 7.1 x 10 super(3)/ml and as high as 1.3 x 10 super(6)/ml. Viable spores were required for adverse effects to occur; heat-killed spores failed to cause significant adverse effects. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Middaugh, D P AU - Genthner, F J AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 95 EP - 102 VL - 27 IS - 1 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - fish larvae KW - infectivity KW - teratogenicity KW - toxicity tests KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Menidia beryllina KW - Beauveria bassiana KW - Conidia KW - Freshwater KW - pathogens KW - embryos KW - fungi KW - pesticides KW - Q1 08483:Species interactions: general KW - Q1 08341:General KW - Q1 08201:General KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - K 03088:Fungi: animal UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16914198?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Infectivity+and+teratogenicity+of+Beauveria+bassiana+in+Menidia+beryllina+embryos&rft.au=Middaugh%2C+D+P%3BGenthner%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Middaugh&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - fungi; embryos; toxicity tests; Conidia; pesticides; pathogens; fish larvae; infectivity; teratogenicity; Menidia beryllina; Beauveria bassiana; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of SAR methods to non-congeneric data bases associated with carcinogenicity and mutagenicity: Issues and approaches AN - 16913546; 3602836 AB - In both industry and government, structure-activity relationships (SAR) are capable of playing an important decision-support role in estimating the potential mutagenicity or carcinogenicity of chemicals for which bioassay test results are unavailable. Traditional SAR modeling approaches, however, are usually restricted to the consideration of structurally similar chemical congeners. The highly structurally diverse nature of current carcinogenicity and mutagenicity data bases has motivated development of more general SAR approaches, potentially applicable to the treatment of diverse, non-congeneric mutagenicity and carcinogenicity data bases. Three specific approaches are considered in some detail - Ashby's structural alerts model, classified as a "rule-based" SAR approach, and the computerized CASE fragment-based method and TOPKAT linear discriminant equation method, both classified as "correlative" SAR approaches. Relative strengths and limitations, and a number of common features and important distinctions between these 3 methods are discussed. Rule-base methods are highly flexible and able to incorporate many different types of relevant information, yet are biased towards current knowledge, viewpoints, and mechanistic assumptions, that may or may not hold true. Correlative SAR methods are less biased and offer the promise of "discovering" potentially new SAR associations that could lend fresh insight into the basis for a structure-activity association. However, problems associated with their application to non-congeneric data bases relate to: modeling multiple or overlapping mechanisms of action with a single relationship; defining the range of applicability of models in complex multi-dimensional structure-activity space; assigning confidence levels to predictions in the absence of knowledge concerning mechanisms of activity; and determining the potential mechanistic significance of diverse model parameters. It is argued that many of these concerns can be partially alleviated by careful application of statistical procedures, scrutiny of model results, and establishment of reasoned limits to the range of model applicability. The most significant confidence-building measure, however, will be a rationalization of the correlative SAR model and model parameters in terms of principles of chemical reactivity and postulated molecular mechanism(s) for the biological activity. Hence, it is recommended that models and model descriptors be designed to facilitate mechanistic interpretation and hypothesis generation. Finally, problems in comparing the relative predictive capabilities of different SAR approaches are discussed, and strategies for SAR investigation involving integration of existing techniques are suggested. JF - Mutation Research AU - Richard, A M AD - U.S. EPA, Carcinog. and Metabol. Branch (MD-68), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 73 EP - 97 VL - 305 IS - 1 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - SAR KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - data banks KW - screening KW - carcinogenesis KW - mutagenesis KW - methodology KW - G 07220:General theory/testing systems KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16913546?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research&rft.atitle=Application+of+SAR+methods+to+non-congeneric+data+bases+associated+with+carcinogenicity+and+mutagenicity%3A+Issues+and+approaches&rft.au=Richard%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Richard&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=305&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carcinogenesis; mutagenesis; screening; data banks; methodology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Testing of a waste generation prediction model in the paint and lacquer industry AN - 16913391; 3598419 AB - A framework of a coating production and waste generation in COLOR - Paint, Lacquer and Resin Industry is outlined. A mathematical model of industrial production and waste generation system is presented. Parameters of the system are precisely defined. Data collection, organization and evaluation of the model testing are shown. A waste generation prediction model is applied in COLOR, and cost analysis of coating production generating waste is determined. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Olbina, R AU - Hafner, M AD - Risk Reduct. Eng. Lab., U.S. EPA, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 207 EP - 216 VL - 38 IS - 1 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - industrial wastes KW - waste management KW - environmental impact KW - hazardous wastes KW - paints KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16913391?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Testing+of+a+waste+generation+prediction+model+in+the+paint+and+lacquer+industry&rft.au=Olbina%2C+R%3BHafner%2C+M&rft.aulast=Olbina&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - waste management; industrial wastes; environmental impact; hazardous wastes; paints ER - TY - JOUR T1 - National water quality monitoring strategy update AN - 16913017; 3593131 AB - The Ground Water Focus Group (GWFG), a task group of the ITFM, was established in the spring of 1993 to develop the ground water component of the strategy. Although the GWFG has succeeded in integrating ground water concepts and interests into some of the draft National Monitoring Strategy, the focus group continues to integrate information, to develop a set of ground water environmental indicators, and to refine a detailed, concise frame-work for monitoring ground water. JF - Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation AU - Farris, J M AD - EPA Office Ground Water and Drinking Water, Ground Water Prot. Div., Tech. and Inf. Manage. Branch, Mail Code 4602, 401 M St., SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 99 EP - 100 VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality KW - governmental interrelations KW - monitoring KW - planning KW - groundwater pollution KW - water quality standards KW - baseline studies KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16913017?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+and+Remediation&rft.atitle=National+water+quality+monitoring+strategy+update&rft.au=Farris%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Farris&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+and+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water quality standards; groundwater pollution; governmental interrelations; baseline studies; monitoring; planning; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Complementarity of genotoxic and nongenotoxic predictors of rodent carcinogenicity AN - 16912336; 3593705 AB - Twenty-one chemicals carcinogenic in rodent bioassays were selected for study. The chemicals were administered by gavage in two dose levels to female Sprague-Dawley rats. The effects of these 21 chemicals on four biochemical assays [hepatic DNA damage by alkaline elution (DD), hepatic ornithine decarboxylase activity (ODC), serum alanine aminotransferase activity (ALT), and hepatic cytochrome P-450 content (P450)] were determined. Available data from seven cancer predictors published by others [the Ames test (AMES), mutation in Salmonella typhimurium TA 1537 (TA 1537), structural alerts (SA), mutation in mouse lymphoma cells (MOLY), chromosomal aberrations in Chinese hamster ovary cells (ABS), sister chromatid exchange in hamster ovary cells (SCE), and the k sub(e) test (k sub(e))] were also compiled for these 21 chemical carcinogens plus 28 carcinogens and 62 noncarcinogens already published by our laboratory. From the resulting 111 (chemicals) by 11 (individual cancer predictors) data matrix, the five operational characteristics (sensitivity, specificity, positive productivity, negative productivity, and concordance) of each of the 11 individual cancer predictors (four biochemical parameters of this study and seven cancer predictors of others) are presented. Two examples of complementarity or synergy of composite cancer predictors were found. To obtain maximum concordance it was necessary to combine both genotoxic and nongenotoxic cancer predictors. The composite cancer predictor (DD or [ODC and P450] or [ODC and ALT] had higher concordance than did any of the four individual cancer predictors from which it was constructed. Similarly, the composite cancer predictor (TA 1537 or DD or [ODC and P450] or [ODC and ALT]) had higher concordance than any of its five individual constituent cancer predictors. Complementarity or synergy has been demonstrated both 1) among genotoxic cancer predictors (DD and TA 1537) and 2) between nongenotoxic (ODC, P450, and ALT) and genotoxic cancer predictors (TA 1537 and DD). JF - Teratogenesis, Carcinogenesis and Mutagenesis AU - Kitchin, K T AU - Brown, J L AU - Kulkarni AD - Carcinog. and Metab. Branch, Genet. Toxicol. Div., Health Effects Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 83 EP - 100 VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0270-3211, 0270-3211 KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - carcinogens KW - carcinogenicity KW - genotoxicity KW - prediction KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - G 07221:Specific chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16912336?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratogenesis%2C+Carcinogenesis+and+Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Complementarity+of+genotoxic+and+nongenotoxic+predictors+of+rodent+carcinogenicity&rft.au=Kitchin%2C+K+T%3BBrown%2C+J+L%3BKulkarni&rft.aulast=Kitchin&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratogenesis%2C+Carcinogenesis+and+Mutagenesis&rft.issn=02703211&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carcinogens; genotoxicity; prediction; carcinogenicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organic carbon partitioning as a basis for predicting the toxicity of chlorpyrifos in sediments AN - 16906691; 3806979 AB - The objective of this study was to evaluate an organic carbon partitioning model for predicting bioavailability of the organophosphate chlorpyrifos in sediments, in support of the development of a sediment-quality criterion for the pesticide. Initial 10-d water-only toxicity tests were conducted with the midge Chironomus tentans to define the sensitivity of this species to chlorpyrifos. Two uncontaminated sediments with differing organic carbon contents (approximately 3 and 8.5%) were spiked with varying amounts of chlorpyrifos designed to result in equilibrium interstitial (pore) water concentrations that would bracket the effects concentrations observed in the water-only exposures. Ten-day toxicity tests with Chironomus tentans were conducted with the spiked sediments under conditions similar to those in the water-only exposure. Based on predicted pore-water concentrations of chlorpyrifos, results of the water-only and sediment tests were in close agreement. The water-only LC50 of chlorpyrifos to Chironomus tentans was 70 ng/L, whereas LC50 values based on predicted pore-water concentrations in the two test sediments were 40 and 70 ng/L. Total concentrations of chlorpyrifos measured in pore water from the test sediments were always at least an order of magnitude greater than predicted pore-water concentrations of the pesticide. However, upon correction for that fraction of the measured chlorpyrifos potentially bound to DOC in the pore water, measured and predicted chlorpyrifos concentrations were in much closer agreement, with the former typically about threefold greater than the latter. Overall, these results suggest that within the range of organic carbon tested in the present study, an equilibrium partitioning model based on organic carbon is appropriate for predicting the bioavailability of sediment-associated chlorpyrifos to benthic invertebrates. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Ankley, G T AU - Call, D J AU - Cox, J S AU - Kahl, MD AU - Hoke, R A AU - Kosian, P A AD - U.S. EPA, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 621 EP - 626 VL - 13 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Chironomus tentans KW - analytical techniques KW - chlorpyrifos KW - interstitial water KW - midges KW - model studies KW - organic carbon KW - organophosphorus pesticides KW - pesticides (organophosphorus) KW - pollution effects KW - pollution monitoring KW - prediction KW - sediment concentration KW - sediment pollution KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicity tests KW - toxicology KW - water pollution effects KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - toxicity KW - Brackish KW - pesticides KW - sediments KW - water pollution KW - Marine KW - O 4095:Instruments/Methods KW - X 24131:Acute exposure KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16906691?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Organic+carbon+partitioning+as+a+basis+for+predicting+the+toxicity+of+chlorpyrifos+in+sediments&rft.au=Ankley%2C+G+T%3BCall%2C+D+J%3BCox%2C+J+S%3BKahl%2C+MD%3BHoke%2C+R+A%3BKosian%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=621&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pollution monitoring; toxicity; toxicology; sediments; analytical techniques; toxicity tests; prediction; sediment pollution; pollution effects; pesticides; organic carbon; water pollution; toxicity testing; model studies; midges; water pollution effects; organophosphorus pesticides; interstitial water; sediment concentration; Chironomus tentans; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Complex frameshift mutations mediated by plasmid pKM101: Mutational mechanisms deduced from 4-aminobiphenyl-induced mutation spectra in Salmonella AN - 16892302; 3587327 AB - We used colony probe hybridization and polymerase chain reaction/DNA sequence analysis to determine the mutations in similar to 2,400 4-aminobiphenyl (4-AB) +S9-induced revertants of the -1 frameshift allele hisD3052 and of the base-substitution allele hisG46 of Salmonella typhimurium. Most of the mutations occurred at sites containing guanine, which is the primary base at which 4-AB forms DNA adducts. A hotspot mutation involving the deletion of a CG or GC within the sequence CGCGCGCG accounted for 100 and 99.9%, respectively, of the reversion events at the hisD3052 allele in the pKM101 plasmid-minus strains TA1978 (uvr super(+)) and TA1538 ( delta uvrB). In strain TA98 ( delta uvrB, pKM101), which contained the SOS DNA repair system provided by the pKM101 plasmid, similar to 85% of the revertants also contained the hotspot deletion; the remaining similar to 15% contained one of two types of mutations: (1) complex frameshifts that can be described as a -2 or +1 frameshift and an associated base substitution and (2) deletions of the CC or GG sequences that flank the hotspot site (C sub(-)C sub(-)GCGCGCG sub(-)G sub(-)). We propose a misincorporation/slippage model to account for these mutations in which (1) pKM101-mediated misincorporation and translesion synthesis occurs across a 4-AB-adducted guanine; (2) the instability of such a mispairing and/or the presence of the adduct leads to strand slippage in a run of repeated bases adjacent to the adducted guanine; and (3) continued DNA synthesis from the slipped intermediate produces a frameshift associated with a base substitution. This model readily accounts for the deletion of the CC or GG sequences flanking the hotspot site, indicating that these mutations are, in fact, complex mutations in disguise (i.e., cryptic complex frameshifts). The inferred base-substitution specificity associated with the complex frameshifts at the hisD3052 allele (primarily G-C arrow right T-A transversions) is consistent with the finding that 4-AB induced primarily G-C arrow right T-A transversions at the hisG46 base-substitution allele. The model also provides a framework for understanding the different relative mutagenic potencies of 4-AB at the two alleles in the various DNA repair backgrounds of Salmonella. JF - Genetics AU - Levine, J G AU - Schaaper, R M AU - DeMarini, D M AD - Genet. Toxicol. Div., U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 731 EP - 746 VL - 136 IS - 3 SN - 0016-6731, 0016-6731 KW - plasmid pKM101 KW - 4-aminobiphenyl KW - spectra KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts KW - mutation KW - frameshift mutant KW - Salmonella typhimurium KW - mediation KW - plasmids KW - mechanisms KW - J 02760:Plasmids KW - G 07221:Specific chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16892302?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Genetics&rft.atitle=Complex+frameshift+mutations+mediated+by+plasmid+pKM101%3A+Mutational+mechanisms+deduced+from+4-aminobiphenyl-induced+mutation+spectra+in+Salmonella&rft.au=Levine%2C+J+G%3BSchaaper%2C+R+M%3BDeMarini%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Levine&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=136&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=731&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Genetics&rft.issn=00166731&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Salmonella typhimurium; frameshift mutant; mediation; plasmids; mutation; mechanisms ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dose-response relationship for rat liver DNA damage caused by 49 rodent carcinogens AN - 16888023; 3588688 AB - An experimental approach was taken to the question of dose-response curves for chemical carcinogenesis. DNA damage in female rat liver was chosen as the experimental parameter because all chemicals found to damage hepatic DNA were rodent carcinogens. The lowest dose causing DNA damage was determined for the 12 active chemicals (1,2-dibromoethane, 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,4-dioxane, methylene chloride, auramine O, Michler's ketone, selenium sulfide, 1,3-dichloropropene, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine, N-nitrosopiperidine and butylated hydroxytoluene). The resulting dose-response curves for rat hepatic DNA damage were plotted versus log of the molar dose (all activity was in five orders of magnitude) and versus percent of chemicals' oral rat LD sub(50) (most of the activity was in only two orders of magnitude). Dose-response studies of the active chemicals were analyzed by regression methods. JF - Toxicology AU - Kitchin, T AU - Brown, L AD - Carcinog. and Metab. Branch, Genet. Toxicol. Div., Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 31 EP - 49 VL - 88 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - rats KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Toxicology Abstracts KW - carcinogens KW - dose-response effects KW - damage KW - DNA KW - liver KW - N 14630:Chemical reactions & interactions, including effects of radiation KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16888023?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Dose-response+relationship+for+rat+liver+DNA+damage+caused+by+49+rodent+carcinogens&rft.au=Kitchin%2C+T%3BBrown%2C+L&rft.aulast=Kitchin&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carcinogens; liver; DNA; damage; dose-response effects ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nutrient management measure to be implemented in the coastal zone AN - 16883706; 3800336 AB - Several of the articles in this special issue refer to the nutrient management measure which is one of the management measures to be implemented under section 6217 of the Coastal Zone Act Reauthorization Amendments of 1990 (CZARA). CZARA requires states and territories (hereinafter referred to as States) with approved coastal zone management programs to submit "Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Programs" to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) for approval. These state programs are to employ initial, technology-based "management measures" throughout the coastal management area, to be followed by additional measures, where necessary, to address remaining, known water quality problems. CZARA required EPA to publish (and periodically revise thereafter), in consultation with NOAA, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and other federal agencies, management measures guidance for sources of nonpoint pollution in coastal waters. In January 1993 EPA published "Guidance Specifying Management Measures for Sources of Nonpoint Pollution in Coastal Waters". Coastal states and territories will need to develop Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Programs to implement the approximately 55 management measures in this guidance. JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Weinberg, A C AD - Nonpoint Source Control Branch, U.S. EPA, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - coastal zone KW - coastal zone management KW - marine pollution KW - nonpoint pollution KW - nonpoint pollution sources KW - nutrients KW - pollution legislation KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Marine KW - legislation KW - USA KW - coastal waters KW - water quality control KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16883706?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.atitle=Nutrient+management+measure+to+be+implemented+in+the+coastal+zone&rft.au=Weinberg%2C+A+C&rft.aulast=Weinberg&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.issn=00224561&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-08 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - coastal zone; pollution legislation; coastal waters; marine pollution; coastal zone management; legislation; water quality control; nutrients; nonpoint pollution; nonpoint pollution sources; USA; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nutrient management, an integrated component for water quality protection AN - 16880012; 3800349 AB - Is nutrient management ready to be integrated into water quality protection? The answer to that question is yes, but the real question is "are we as planners and users ready to integrate nutrient management into our management systems?" As water quality and nutrient management professionals, we can analyze different water quality problems and develop strategies to address such questions as these: Are we dealing with surface water? If so, is it fresh or saline, or as with most estuaries, both? Is ground water our concern? Is it a source for surface water? Is it a drinking water source or not? What are the pollutants of concern, N, P, and/or total salts? What are the sources of pollutants causing this water quality problem? Are the sources of the pollutant background soil loads, commercial fertilizer, added organic wastes (animal manure or treatment plant sludge), atmospheric deposition? In most cases it will be a combination of some, if not all, of these. JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Shuyler, L R AD - U.S. EPA Chesapeake Bay Program Off., Annapolis, MD 21403, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - groundwater KW - nutrients KW - nutrients (mineral) KW - pollutants KW - pollution monitoring KW - water quality management KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - surface water KW - Freshwater KW - environmental protection KW - groundwater pollution KW - water quality control KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16880012?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.atitle=Nutrient+management%2C+an+integrated+component+for+water+quality+protection&rft.au=Shuyler%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Shuyler&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.issn=00224561&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-08 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pollution monitoring; groundwater pollution; pollutants; surface water; nutrients (mineral); water quality control; environmental protection; groundwater; nutrients; water quality management; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA's perspective -- you need to protect water quality AN - 16879891; 3800347 AB - A vast majority of the nation's water resources are degraded by nutrients. Nutrients are the leading cause (55 percent) of impairment for estuaries and coastal waters, the second leading cause in lakes (32%) and rivers (28%). Phosphorus and nitrogen compounds from diffuse nonpoint sources are most often cited by states. Nutrient management is not just an agricultural issue. There are seven major sources of nutrients: Commercial fertilizer, manure production and disposal, municipal and industrial treatment, plant sludge, municipal and industrial effluent, legumes and crop residues, irrigation water, atmospheric deposition. JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Davenport, TE AD - Watershed Manage. Unit, U.S. EPA Region 5, Chicago, IL 60604, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - EPA KW - brackishwater pollution KW - marine pollution KW - nutrients KW - nutrients (mineral) KW - water pollution prevention KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - environmental protection KW - industrial wastes KW - estuaries KW - coastal waters KW - agricultural runoff KW - water quality control KW - Marine KW - Brackish KW - USA KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16879891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.atitle=EPA%27s+perspective+--+you+need+to+protect+water+quality&rft.au=Davenport%2C+TE&rft.aulast=Davenport&rft.aufirst=TE&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.issn=00224561&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-08 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - industrial wastes; estuaries; coastal waters; agricultural runoff; marine pollution; brackishwater pollution; nutrients (mineral); water quality control; environmental protection; nutrients; water pollution prevention; USA; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new approach to runoff -- state coastal nonpoint pollution control programs AN - 16879236; 3800337 AB - States, local governments, farmers, foresters, developers, and others will soon be faced with new requirements to control nonpoint source pollution-that is, the pollution that results when rain or snow moves pollutants like nutrients and sediments, heavy metals, bacteria, and pesticides from sources such as farms, urban areas, and marinas into surface water and groundwater. In November 1990, Congress, recognizing that nonpoint pollution is a key factor in the continuing degradation of many coastal waters, enacted section 6217 of the Coastal Zone Act Reauthorization Amendments of 1990 (CZARA) (codified as 16 USC s. 1455b). CZARA requires that states and territories with approved coastal zone management programs submit Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Programs (coastal nonpoint programs) to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) for approval. States that do not submit approvable programs will lose a portion of federal funding provided by section 319 of the Clean Water Act and section 306 of the Coastal Zone Management Act. JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Beier, A AU - Dressing, S AU - Shuyler, L AD - Nonpoint Cent. Branch, U.S. EPA, Washington, DC 20360, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - coastal zone KW - coastal zone management KW - nonpoint pollution KW - nonpoint pollution sources KW - pollution legislation KW - state jurisdiction KW - urban runoff KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - coastal waters KW - agricultural runoff KW - Marine KW - legislation KW - USA KW - runoff KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16879236?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.atitle=A+new+approach+to+runoff+--+state+coastal+nonpoint+pollution+control+programs&rft.au=Beier%2C+A%3BDressing%2C+S%3BShuyler%2C+L&rft.aulast=Beier&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.issn=00224561&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-08 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - coastal zone; pollution legislation; coastal waters; agricultural runoff; urban runoff; runoff; coastal zone management; legislation; nonpoint pollution; state jurisdiction; nonpoint pollution sources; USA; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Emissions of organic hazardous air pollutants from the combustion of pulverized coal in a small-scale combustor AN - 16878076; 3580747 AB - The emissions of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) from the combustion of pulverized coal have become an important issue in light of the requirements of Title III of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments, which impose emission limits on 189 compounds and compound classes. A study was conducted at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory to characterize emissions of 76 organic HAPs in the flue gases from the combustion of pulverized coal in a small-scale down-fired combustor. The combustor was operated under different conditions to simulate baseline, high excess air firing, and nitrogen oxide (NO sub(x)) controls by combustion modifications. Data collected indicate that relatively low levels of organic HAPs are present in the flue gases for any of the combustion conditions; however, several compounds were present that have not been reported in previous studies. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Miller, CA AU - Srivastava, R K AU - Ryan, J V AD - Air and Energy Eng. Res. Lab., MD-65, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 1150 EP - 1158 VL - 28 IS - 6 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - emission measurements KW - flue gas KW - air pollution KW - hazardous materials KW - organic compounds KW - coal KW - nitrogen oxides KW - combustion products KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16878076?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Emissions+of+organic+hazardous+air+pollutants+from+the+combustion+of+pulverized+coal+in+a+small-scale+combustor&rft.au=Miller%2C+CA%3BSrivastava%2C+R+K%3BRyan%2C+J+V&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1150&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution; combustion products; coal; flue gas; emission measurements; nitrogen oxides; hazardous materials; organic compounds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Why nutrient management? AN - 16877986; 3800348 JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Shuyler, L R AD - U.S. EPA Chesapeake Bay Prog. Off., Annapolis, MD 21403, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - resource conservation KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - groundwater pollution KW - environment management KW - Freshwater KW - pollution control KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16877986?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.atitle=Why+nutrient+management%3F&rft.au=Shuyler%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Shuyler&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.issn=00224561&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-08 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - groundwater pollution; environment management; resource conservation; pollution control; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting rodent carcinogenicity by in vivo biochemical parameters AN - 16876579; 3580513 AB - Most short-term tests for predicting the potential carcinogenicity of chemicals in rodents and/or humans depend, in some form, on mutagenicity or genotoxicity of the chemicals. Since the scientific breakthrough of the development of the Ames test in 1975, numerous short-term tests for predicting carcinogenicity have been developed. The work with biochemical parameters presented in this review: favored an in vivo approach, used a whole animal system, included four nongenotoxic as well as one genotoxic endpoint, assumed carcinogenesis was caused by multiple causes, and aimed at high specificity cancer predictors. JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part C: Environmental Carcinogenesis and Ecotoxicology Reviews AU - Kitchin, K T AU - Brown, J L AU - Kulkarni AD - Carcinog. and Metab. Branch, Genet. Toxicol. Div., Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 63 EP - 88 VL - C12 IS - 1 SN - 1059-0501, 1059-0501 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - carcinogenicity KW - biochemistry KW - prediction KW - parameters KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16876579?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+C%3A+Environmental+Carcinogenesis+and+Ecotoxicology+Reviews&rft.atitle=Predicting+rodent+carcinogenicity+by+in+vivo+biochemical+parameters&rft.au=Kitchin%2C+K+T%3BBrown%2C+J+L%3BKulkarni&rft.aulast=Kitchin&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=C12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+C%3A+Environmental+Carcinogenesis+and+Ecotoxicology+Reviews&rft.issn=10590501&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carcinogenicity; prediction; biochemistry; parameters; toxicity testing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Morphological transformation and DNA adduct formation by dibenz[a,h]anthracene and its metabolites in C3H10T1/2CL8 cells AN - 16871268; 3792805 AB - The major routes of metabolic activation of dibenz[a,h]-anthracene (DBA) have been studied in transformable C3H10T1/2CL8 (C3H10T1/2) mouse embryo fibroblasts in culture. The morphological transforming activities of three potential intermediates formed by metabolism of DBA by C3H10T1/2 cells, trans-3,4-dihydroxy 3,4-dihydro-DBA (DBA-3,4-diol), trans-dihydroxy 3,4-dihydro-DBA anti-1,2-oxide (DBA-3,4-diol-1,2-oxide) and DBA-5,6-oxide were determined. DBA-3,4-diol-1,2-oxide was a strong morphological transforming agent giving a mean of 73% dishes with Type II or III foci and 1.63 Type II and III foci per dish at 0.5 mu g/ml. DBA-3,4-diol produced a mean of 42% dishes with Type II or III foci and 0.81 Type II and III foci per dish at 2.5 mu g/ml. DBA gave a mean of 24% dishes with Type II or III foci and 0.29 Type II and III foci per dish at 2.5 mu g/ml. DBA-5,6-oxide was found to be inactive. DNA adducts of DBA, DBA-3,4-diol, DBA-3,4-diol-1,2-oxide, DBA-1,4/2,3-tetrol and DBA-5,6-oxide in C3H10T1/2 cells were analyzed by super(32)P-postlabeling method. DBA gave 11 adducts, nine of which were observed in the DNA of cells treated with DBA-3,4-diol and seven from cells treated with DBA-3,4-diol-1,2-oxide. Two of these adducts that appear in each of the treatment groups have been identified as the product of the interaction of DBA-3,4-diol-1,2-oxide with 2'-deoxyguanosine. Furthermore, there is evidence for DBA-DNA adducts in cells treated with DBA, DBA-3,4-diol and DBA-3,4-diol-1,2-oxide arising from metabolism to (+,-)-trans, trans,3,4,10,11-tetrahydroxy 3,4,10,11-tetrahydro DBA (DBA-3,4,10,11-bis-diol). These results are based on co-migration of C3H10T1/2 DNA adducts with skin DNA adducts formed after topical treatment of mice with DBA-3,4,10,11-bis-diol. In C3H10T1/2 cells, DBA is metabolically activated through DBA-3,4-diol, which is further activated via the DBA-3,4-diol-1,2-oxide and DBA-3,4,10,11-bis-diol pathways. No evidence is provided for the metabolism of DBA by the K-region pathway. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Nesnow, S AU - Ross, J AU - Beck, S AU - Lasley, J AU - Nelson, G AU - Lambert, G AU - Platt, K L AU - Agarwal, S C AD - Carcinog. and Metab. Branch, Health Effects Res. Lab., US EPA, MD-68, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 2225 EP - 2231 VL - 15 IS - 10 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - 1,2:5,6-dibenzanthracene KW - mice KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Toxicology Abstracts KW - morphology KW - embryo fibroblasts KW - adducts KW - DNA KW - N 14630:Chemical reactions & interactions, including effects of radiation KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16871268?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Morphological+transformation+and+DNA+adduct+formation+by+dibenz%5Ba%2Ch%5Danthracene+and+its+metabolites+in+C3H10T1%2F2CL8+cells&rft.au=Nesnow%2C+S%3BRoss%2C+J%3BBeck%2C+S%3BLasley%2C+J%3BNelson%2C+G%3BLambert%2C+G%3BPlatt%2C+K+L%3BAgarwal%2C+S+C&rft.aulast=Nesnow&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA; adducts; embryo fibroblasts; morphology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mapping critical levels of ozone, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide for crops, forests and natural vegetation in the United States AN - 16869480; 3576174 AB - Air pollution abatement strategies for controlling nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and ozone emissions in the United States focus on a "standards-based" approach. This approach places limits on air pollution by maintaining a baseline value for air quality, no matter what the ecosystem can or cannot withstand. In this paper, we present example critical levels maps for the conterminous U.S. developed using the "effects-based" mapping approach was defined by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe's Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution, Task Force on Mapping. This approach emphasizes the pollution level or load capacity an ecosystem can accommodate before degradation occurs, and allows for analysis of cumulative effects. We present the first stage of an analysis that reports the distribution of exceedances of critical levels for NO sub(2), SO sub(2), and O sub(3) in sensitive forest, crop, and natural vegetation ecosystems in the contiguous United States. We conclude that extrapolation to surrounding geographic areas requires the analysis of diverse and compounding factors that preclude simple extrapolation methods. Pollutant data depicted in this analysis is limited to locationally specific data, and would be enhanced by utilizing spatial statistics, along with converging associated anthropogenic and climatological factors. Values used for critical levels were derived from current scientific knowledge. While not intended to be a definitive value, adjustments will occur as the scientific community gains new insight to pollutant/receptor relationships. We recommend future analysis to include a refinement of sensitive receptor data coverages and to report relative proportions of exceedances at varying grid scales. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Rosenbaum, B J AU - Strickland, T C AU - Mcdowell, M K AD - ManTech Environ. Technol., Inc., 200 SW 35th St., U.S. EPA Environ. Res. Lab., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 307 EP - 319 VL - 74 IS - 3-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - air quality standards KW - ozone KW - sulfur dioxide KW - nitrogen dioxide KW - emission control KW - Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - ecosystems KW - vegetation KW - pollution effects KW - forests KW - pollution monitoring KW - USA KW - crops KW - D 04801:Pollution monitoring and detection KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16869480?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Mapping+critical+levels+of+ozone%2C+sulfur+dioxide+and+nitrogen+dioxide+for+crops%2C+forests+and+natural+vegetation+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Rosenbaum%2C+B+J%3BStrickland%2C+T+C%3BMcdowell%2C+M+K&rft.aulast=Rosenbaum&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=307&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; air quality standards; ozone; sulfur dioxide; nitrogen dioxide; crops; forests; vegetation; pollution effects; emission control; ecosystems; pollution monitoring ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A study on the standard for nature reserve classification in China AN - 16867136; 3572609 AB - Based on the development of the classification research of protected areas at home and abroad and on the present status of the construction and management of nature reserves in China, the basic principles for classification are put forward and a classifying standard system is developed and presented in this paper. In this system, the nature reserves in China are defined and divided into three categories including nine-types. That is: (1) the category of natural ecosystems, with five ecosystem types of forest, grassland, desert, terrestrial wetland and fresh waters, ocean and sea coast; (2) the category of wildlife, with two reserve types of wild animal and wild plant; (3) the category of natural relics, including two types of geological structure relics sites and paleontological fossil sites. Meanwhile, the structure of the classification standard system, the definition of nature reserve, the feasibility of the standard and other issues concerned are described and discussed in detail. JF - China Environmental Science AU - Xue, Dayuan AU - Jiang, Mingkang AD - Nanjing Res. Inst. Environ. Sci., Natl. EPA China, Nanjing 210042, China Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 9 EP - 14 VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 1003-1189, 1003-1189 KW - China KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - nature reserves KW - classification systems KW - D 04705:Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16867136?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=China+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=A+study+on+the+standard+for+nature+reserve+classification+in+China&rft.au=Xue%2C+Dayuan%3BJiang%2C+Mingkang&rft.aulast=Xue&rft.aufirst=Dayuan&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=China+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=10031189&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - nature reserves; classification systems ER - TY - CONF T1 - Relationship between measured water vapor growth and chemistry of atmospheric aerosol for Grand Canyon, Arizona, in winter 1990 AN - 16867050; 3577943 AB - Size-resolved aerosol growth measurements (growth identical with moist particle diameter/dry particle diameter) and chemical composition monitoring were conducted during a 3 month period in the winter of 1990 at the South Rim of Grand Canyon National Park, AZ as part of the Navajo Generating Station Visibility Study. Particle growth data are from a Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer (TDMA). Typically for relative humidities above 75%, the TDMA-measured moist particle distribution is distinctly bimodal, indicating two aerosol fractions based on growth and providing direct evidence of an external mixture of soluble and insoluble constituents. In this study both particle fractions grew in size, thus the terms "more hygroscopic" and "less hygroscopic" were used to distinguish them. A model that synthesizes growth and compositional information was developed to partition the overall volume fraction of the soluble material as determined from the MOUDI composition data, epsilon , to the two growth fractions obtained from the TDMA data (i.e. epsilon is partitioned between epsilon sub(m) and epsilon sub(l)). The model calculates epsilon sub(m) and epsilon sub(l) for each TDMA measurement as well as growth capacity of the soluble material at the measurement relative humidity, G sub(s), which is assumed to be the same for both growth fractions. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Pitchford, M L AU - McMurray, PH Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 827 EP - 839 VL - 28 IS - 5 KW - vapor KW - USA, Arizona, Grand Canyon National Park KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - particle size KW - visibility KW - atmosphere KW - humidity KW - chemistry KW - aerosols KW - air sampling KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16867050?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Relationship+between+measured+water+vapor+growth+and+chemistry+of+atmospheric+aerosol+for+Grand+Canyon%2C+Arizona%2C+in+winter+1990&rft.au=Pitchford%2C+M+L%3BMcMurray%2C+PH&rft.aulast=Pitchford&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=827&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using biopolymers to remove heavy metals from soil and water AN - 16861357; 3575110 AB - Chemical remediation of soil may involve the use of harsh chemicals that generate waste streams, which may adversely affect the soil's integrity and ability to support vegetation. This article reviews the potential use of benign reagents, such as biopolymers, to extract heavy metals. The biopolymers discussed are chitin and chitosan, modified starch, cellulose, and polymer-containing algae. JF - Remediation AU - Krishnamurthy, S AU - Frederick, R M AD - EPA Risk Reduct. Eng. Lab., Edison, NJ, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 235 EP - 244 VL - 4 IS - 2 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - biopolymers KW - pollutant removal KW - heavy metals KW - soil remediation KW - soil contamination KW - water pollution treatment KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Pollution Abstracts KW - polymers KW - water pollution KW - bioremediation KW - K 03099:Pollution KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - Q4 27480:Environmental Applications/Impact UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16861357?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation&rft.atitle=Using+biopolymers+to+remove+heavy+metals+from+soil+and+water&rft.au=Krishnamurthy%2C+S%3BFrederick%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Krishnamurthy&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioremediation; heavy metals; water pollution; soil contamination; water pollution treatment; polymers; pollutant removal; soil remediation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of sulfur measurements from a regional fine particle network with concurrent acid modes network results AN - 16860204; 3560585 AB - The Fine Particle Network (FPN), a system of fine particle (less than 2.5 mu m) samplers, was operated at 41 sites selected from the Environmental Protection Agency Acid MODES program during a two-year period in 1988-90. The 24-h sample results included fine particle mass and the most predominant chemical element concentrations determined by wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis. Statistical summaries of the fine mass and sulfur concentrations by site and season were prepared. The sulfur results from the Fine Particle Network were compared with concurrently measured total particulate sulfate and gaseous SO sub(2) results obtained with colorimetric and ion chromatographic analysis at the same sites operated by the Acid MODES program. The availability of simultaneous particulate sulfate measurements from independent collection and analytical procedures provided an opportunity to examine their agreement and provide a more reliable database for evaluation of regional particulate models and estimation of contribution to urban aerosol concentration. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Bennett, R L AU - Stockburger, L AU - Barnes, H M AD - Atmos. Res. and Exposure Assessment Lab., Off. Res. and Develop., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 409 EP - 419 VL - 28 IS - 3 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - acid rain KW - fluorescence KW - sulfur KW - seasonal variations KW - air sampling KW - sampling methods KW - particles KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16860204?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+sulfur+measurements+from+a+regional+fine+particle+network+with+concurrent+acid+modes+network+results&rft.au=Bennett%2C+R+L%3BStockburger%2C+L%3BBarnes%2C+H+M&rft.aulast=Bennett&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=409&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; sulfur; seasonal variations; air sampling; particles; sampling methods; fluorescence ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Energy and the environment AN - 16857270; 3789642 AB - The relationship between energy use and climate change is often cast as an entirely new area of analysis, with new and challenging problems. However, many of the key questions are identical to those raised in the 1970s and 1980s about the relationship between energy use, economic growth and environmental impacts. The purpose of this paper is to highlight these fundamental questions once again. Why does energy matter? How much energy conservation is optimal? What is the best set of policies for encouraging conservation of energy? What induces the development of more energy-efficient capital? To answer these questions, we need to gain a better understanding about the factors underlying energy consumption decisions, the potential existence of market imperfections, the divergence of private and social discount rates, and the process of technological innovation that leads to the development of more energy-efficient technologies. JF - Energy Policy AU - Scheraga, J D AD - Climate Change Div. (2122), U.S. EPA, 401 M St, SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 798 EP - 803 VL - 22 IS - 10 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - technology KW - energy sources KW - environmental impact KW - economics KW - climatic changes KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16857270?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Policy&rft.atitle=Energy+and+the+environment&rft.au=Scheraga%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Scheraga&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=798&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - energy sources; climatic changes; economics; environmental impact; technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of temperature and pore size on the hydraulic properties and flow of a hydrocarbon oil in the subsurface AN - 16852372; 3571859 AB - Capillary pressure relationships in a porous medium determine the distribution of immiscible fluids under static conditions and can largely influence the movement of the fluids when the system is not at equilibrium. Theory predicts that for a given porous medium, the effect of different fluid properties or changes in temperature on capillary pressure are due to changes in interfacial tension and contact angle of the system. The capillary pressure-saturation curves measured here for hydrocarbon oil-water do not have a constant capillary pressure ratio with saturation when compared to the water-air system, and changes in ratio were found when comparing the water-air curves measured at different temperatures. Thus, the scaling theory based on interfacial tensions and contact angles does not adequately account for differences in capillary pressures due to different fluid pairs or temperatures. Also, the curves show the residual wetting and nonwetting phase saturations are greatly affected by temperature and sometimes by the fluid pair, which is not accounted for in the scaling theory and cannot be predicted. When the capillary pressure-saturation relationship is extended to the calculation of relative permeabilities and the prediction of fluid flow in the subsurface, the differences in measured and scaled capillary pressure curves lead to differences in the predicted flow rates and saturations of the immiscible fluids in the subsurface. Thus, care must be used when applying capillary pressure-saturation data from one fluid system to that of another, or when applying it to different conditions. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Davis, EL AD - U.S. EPA, Robert S. Kerr Environ. Res. Lab., P.O. Box 1198, Ada, OK 74820, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 55 EP - 86 VL - 16 IS - 1 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - porous media KW - immiscibility KW - soil porosity KW - pollutants KW - capillary conductivity KW - oil pollution KW - subsurface water KW - hydraulic properties KW - permeability KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16852372?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+temperature+and+pore+size+on+the+hydraulic+properties+and+flow+of+a+hydrocarbon+oil+in+the+subsurface&rft.au=Davis%2C+EL&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=EL&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hydraulic properties; capillary conductivity; porous media; oil pollution; soil porosity; subsurface water; immiscibility; permeability; pollutants ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of emissions from burning hazardous waste in a dry-process cement kiln with emissions from burning conventional fossil fuels AN - 16851240; 3571780 AB - During the past ten years, emissions data have been obtained from a dry process cement kiln. The kiln has been tested while burning various amounts of hazardous waste solvents. Supplemental fuel in the form of hazardous waste solvents has been used up to 40% of the heat input to the kiln, or up to 140 million Btu/hr of the maximum 351 million Btu/hr heat input rate. Three sets of tests have been performed on this unit that can be used to compare the emissions from the burning of conventional fossil fuels only, and approximately 15%, 25% and 40% of the heat input with hazardous waste solvents. The tests were performed in 1982, 1984 and 1989/1990. As might be expected, burning a solid fuel has the potential for greater organic emissions, or products of incomplete combustion (PICs) than does the liquid hazardous waste solvents. Additionally, other impurities such as metals and chlorine content can be controlled more fully in liquid hazardous wastes than in conventional fuels. JF - Hazardous Waste & Hazardous Materials AU - Hart, J R AD - Dep. Toxic Substances Control, Region 1, California EPA, 10151 Croydon Way, Suite 3, Sacramento, CA 95827, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 193 EP - 199 VL - 11 IS - 1 SN - 0882-5696, 0882-5696 KW - kilns KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - emissions KW - fossil fuels KW - incineration KW - fuels KW - hazardous wastes KW - cement KW - combustion products KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16851240?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hazardous+Waste+%26+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+emissions+from+burning+hazardous+waste+in+a+dry-process+cement+kiln+with+emissions+from+burning+conventional+fossil+fuels&rft.au=Hart%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Hart&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hazardous+Waste+%26+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=08825696&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hazardous wastes; cement; fossil fuels; emissions; combustion products; incineration; fuels ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Does environmental policy conflict with economic growth? AN - 16850409; 3572019 AB - Debates about environmental regulation most often revolve around its economic consequences, particularly its effects on economic growth. Recently, this debate has become sharper. In addition to the "traditional" view that environmental regulation impedes economic growth (most often espoused by those in the business community), an opposing school of thought has developed. According to its proponents, not only can environmental regulation provide health and ecosystem protection, but it can stimulate the economy and enhance U.S. competitiveness at the same time. JF - Resources AU - Gardiner, D AU - Portney, PR AD - US EPA, Off. Policy Plann. Eval. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 19 EP - 23 IS - 115 SN - 0048-7376, 0048-7376 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - government regulations KW - economics KW - environmental protection KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16850409?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Resources&rft.atitle=Does+environmental+policy+conflict+with+economic+growth%3F&rft.au=Gardiner%2C+D%3BPortney%2C+PR&rft.aulast=Gardiner&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=115&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Resources&rft.issn=00487376&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental protection; government regulations; economics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Operating parameters to minimize emissions during rotary kiln emergency safety vent openings AN - 16848972; 3572329 AB - Certain designs of hazardous waste incinerator systems include emergency safety vent (ESVs). ESVs (also called dump stacks, vent stacks, emergency by-pass stacks, thermal relief valves, and pressure relief valves) are regarded as true emergency devices. Their purpose is to vent combustion gases directly from the combustion chambers to the atmosphere in the event of a failure of other system components. This is done for operator safety as well as to protect the incinerator and other downstream equipment from damage. ESVs are typically required for rotary kiln and hearth incinerators which process a portion of their waste load as bulk solids or contained liquids introduced continuously or in batch charges. Research has been performed at the U.S. EPA on a 73 kW (250,000 Btu/hr) rotary kiln incinerator examining optimum settings of kiln operating parameters so as to minimize emissions during an ESV opening event. Mechanisms governing both the release of volatile matter during an ESV event and the subsequent pyrolysis and oxidation in the residual sorbent bed are identified. From a practical point of view, results indicate that alteration of operator-controllable kiln parameters during the onset of certain ESV opening events can have a significant effect on emissions of both organics and hydrogen chloride (HCl). A low air flow rate results in lower emissions of both organics and HCl. JF - Hazardous Waste & Hazardous Materials AU - Lemieux, P M AU - Linak, W P AU - DeBenedictis, C AU - Ryan, J V AU - Wendt, JOL AU - Dunn, JE AD - US EPA, ERC Build. MD-65, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 111 EP - 128 VL - 11 IS - 1 SN - 0882-5696, 0882-5696 KW - kilns KW - safety systems KW - hydrogen chloride KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - emission control KW - incinerators KW - hazardous wastes KW - combustion products KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16848972?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hazardous+Waste+%26+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Operating+parameters+to+minimize+emissions+during+rotary+kiln+emergency+safety+vent+openings&rft.au=Lemieux%2C+P+M%3BLinak%2C+W+P%3BDeBenedictis%2C+C%3BRyan%2C+J+V%3BWendt%2C+JOL%3BDunn%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Lemieux&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hazardous+Waste+%26+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=08825696&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - emission control; hazardous wastes; incinerators; combustion products ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute spermatogenic effects of bromoacetic acids AN - 16848458; 3572473 AB - In this report we present the results of acute toxicity and acute spermatotoxicity studies of monobromoacetic acid (MBAA) and dibromoacetic acid (DBAA). In adult male rats the acute oral toxicity of MBAA was 10-fold that of DBAA (LD50 177 vs 1737 mg/kg). No reproductive-related endpoints were affected in rats given a single dose of 100 mg MBAA/kg or 14 daily doses of 25 mg MBAA/kg/day. In rats dosed with DBAA, serum testosterone fell to 17% of control 2 days after a single dose of 1250 mg/kg but returned to control levels by Day 14. Marked effects on sperm motion were seen on post-treatment Days 14 and 28. Degenerative flagellar changes in cauda sperm were present on Day 14 while abnormal sperm head shapes and flagellar degeneration were observed in both caput and cauda sperm on Day 28. Histopathology indicated altered spermiation at all timepoints as evidenced by retention of Step 19 spermatids beyond Stage VIII of the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium. JF - Fundamental and Applied Toxicology AU - Linder, R E AU - Klinefflter, G R AU - Strader, L F AU - Suarez, J D AU - Dyer, C J AD - Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 422 EP - 470 VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0270-0590, 0270-0590 KW - bromacetic acids KW - spermatotoxicity KW - monobromoacetic acid KW - dibromoacetic acid KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - spermatozoa KW - X 24151:Acute exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16848458?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Acute+spermatogenic+effects+of+bromoacetic+acids&rft.au=Linder%2C+R+E%3BKlinefflter%2C+G+R%3BStrader%2C+L+F%3BSuarez%2C+J+D%3BDyer%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Linder&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=422&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.issn=02700590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - spermatozoa ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An interpretation of toxicity response of bobwhite quail with respect to duration of exposure AN - 16847596; 3572447 AB - Avian dietary toxicity tests were conducted with seven pesticides, two age groups (2 and 16 weeks old) of northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) and two durations (5 and 28 days) of exposure. Results were analyzed with an emphasis placed upon comparing mortalities on similar test conditions. An analysis that used the entire dose-time-response results led to the calculation of a common measure (asymptotic rate e) of temporal development of the response surface and served as a basis of comparison of diverse test results. The asymptotic median lethal concentrations were designated by ALC50 and the median lethal concentrations at the end of a test period by LC50. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Shirazi, MA AU - Bennett, R S AU - Ringer, R K AD - U.S. EPA Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 417 EP - 424 VL - 26 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - exposure KW - Colinus virginianus KW - duration KW - pesticides KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16847596?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=An+interpretation+of+toxicity+response+of+bobwhite+quail+with+respect+to+duration+of+exposure&rft.au=Shirazi%2C+MA%3BBennett%2C+R+S%3BRinger%2C+R+K&rft.aulast=Shirazi&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=417&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Colinus virginianus; pesticides; exposure; duration; toxicity testing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distribution of [ super(14)C]ethane dimethanesulfonate in immature and adult male rats following an acute exposure AN - 16847337; 3572364 AB - In the adult rat, ethane dimethanesulfonate (EDS) reduces testosterone (T) production by killing leydig cells. Studies have also shown that acute EDS administration produces transient infertility and epididymal effects. Although these later effects were believed to be indirect results of the reduced Leydig cell T production, it was recently found that the epididymal effects were partially a direct result of in vivo EDS treatment. In contrast to the Leydig cells of the adult rat, immature Leydig cells are affected by EDS only at doses four- to sixfold higher than those that affect mature Leydig cells. In fact, the Leydig cells of the adult rat seem to be uniquely susceptible to the cytotoxic effects of EDS. Steroidogenesis in other organs, like the adrenal and ovary, are unaffected in vivo at doses that eliminate T production in males. In addition, studies have shown that doses of EDS that kill Leydig cells in vitro, isolated from the testes of adult rats, have no effect on similarly exposed hepatocytes. JF - Fundamental and Applied Toxicology AU - Laskey, J W AU - Kelce, W R AU - Klinefelter, G R AU - Gray, LE Jr AU - Ewing, L L AD - Reprod. Toxicol. Branch, Dev. Toxicol. Div., Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 319 EP - 327 VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - ethane dimethanesulfonate KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - distribution KW - X 24153:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16847337?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Distribution+of+%5B+super%2814%29C%5Dethane+dimethanesulfonate+in+immature+and+adult+male+rats+following+an+acute+exposure&rft.au=Laskey%2C+J+W%3BKelce%2C+W+R%3BKlinefelter%2C+G+R%3BGray%2C+LE+Jr%3BEwing%2C+L+L&rft.aulast=Laskey&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - distribution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field evaluation of two colorimetric coliphage detection methods AN - 16845945; 3564225 AB - Two new methods for coliphage detection, a colorimetric agar-based (CAB) method and a liquid colorimetric presence-absence (LCPA) method, were compared to the coliphage method proposed by the American Public Health Association. Both new methods are based on the induction of beta -galactosidase in Escherichia coli and the release of the enzyme through a lytic cell infection. The released enzyme then cleaves a chromogenic substrate which produces a colored reaction product. Ninety split water samples from four different sources were tested. A total of 52 samples were positive by the CAB method, 52 were positive by the LCPA method, and 53 were positive by the APHA method. Results indicated that (i) the CAB and LCPA methods were as sensitive in coliphage detection as the APHA method, (ii) both the CAB and LCPA methods were easier to read and interpret than the APHA method, and (iii) the CAB method detected more coliphages in a positive sample than the APHA method in two of the four types of water sources. Importantly, the rapid and simple LCPA method was as reliable and sensitive as either of the two agar-based methods in coliphage detection. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Ijzerman, M M AU - Falkinham, JO III AU - Reneau, RB Jr AU - Hagedorn, C AD - Environ. Monit. Syst. Lab., U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 826 EP - 830 VL - 60 IS - 3 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - detection KW - coliphage KW - field trials KW - beta -galactosidase KW - induction KW - groundwater KW - Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - surface water KW - colorimetry KW - Escherichia coli KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - A 01114:Viruses KW - V 22022:Virus assay UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16845945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Field+evaluation+of+two+colorimetric+coliphage+detection+methods&rft.au=Ijzerman%2C+M+M%3BFalkinham%2C+JO+III%3BReneau%2C+RB+Jr%3BHagedorn%2C+C&rft.aulast=Ijzerman&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=826&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; colorimetry; groundwater; surface water; detection; field trials; induction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA's requirements for dermal irritation and sensitization testing AN - 16844811; 3572331 AB - This paper presents an overview of EPA guidelines for dermal irritation and sensitization testing (part of Subdivision F Guidelines) for the registration of pesticide products [Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)]. In addition, these data and others may be needed for chemicals submitted for the Premanufacture Notification or testing under Section 4 of the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). The EPA periodically reviews its recommended test procedures and revises them when indicated scientifically. JF - Food and Chemical Toxicology AU - Seabaugh, V M AD - EPA, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 93 EP - 95 VL - 32 IS - 2 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - EPA KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - government policy KW - standards KW - toxicity testing KW - USA KW - irritation KW - sensitization KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16844811?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.atitle=EPA%27s+requirements+for+dermal+irritation+and+sensitization+testing&rft.au=Seabaugh%2C+V+M&rft.aulast=Seabaugh&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; toxicity testing; standards; irritation; sensitization; government policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute and chronic toxicity of endosulfan to two Australian cladocerans and their applicability in deriving water quality criteria AN - 16843492; 3777197 AB - The acute and chronic toxicity of endosulfan was determined in two Australian cladocerans, Ceriodaphnia dubia and Moinodaphnia macleayi. For C. dubia, the 48-h nominal EC50 (immobilization) was 490 mu g/L and the chronic NOEC for reproductive impairment was 10 mu g/L. For M. macleayi, the 48-h nominal EC50 (immobilization) was 215 mu g/L, and the chronic NOEC was 20 mu g/L. A water quality guideline for endosulfan based on cladoceran chronic toxicity may be estimated at 2 mu g/L by using an application factor of 0.1 and the LOEC value for C. dubia of 20 mu g/L. A much lower guideline of 4 ng/L may be obtained if the acute/chronic ratio calculated for C. dubia is applied to the lowest LC50 value determined for an Australian fish, 0.2 mu g/L in the bony bream, Nematolosa erebi. This suggests that the concentration of endosulfan for Australian waters should be less than the level of 10 ng/L given in the Australian Water Quality guidelines for (fresh and marine waters) aquatic ecosystems. Factors which may modify these conclusions under site-specific conditions are discussed. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Sunderam, RIM AU - Thompson, G B AU - Chapman, J C AU - Cheng, DMH AD - Ecotoxicol. Sect., NSW, Environ. Protection Auth., EPA/UTS Cent. Environ. Toxicol., UTS, Westbourne St., Gore Hill, NSW 2065, Australia Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 541 EP - 545 VL - 27 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Ceriodaphnia dubia KW - Moinodaphnia macleayi KW - agricultural chemicals KW - agricultural pollutants KW - endosulfan KW - fish KW - government policy KW - pesticides (organochlorine) KW - pollution effects KW - water quality criteria KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality KW - Freshwater KW - toxicity KW - Australia KW - water pollution KW - insecticides KW - pesticides KW - aquatic environment KW - X 24131:Acute exposure KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - X 24132:Chronic exposure KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16843492?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Acute+and+chronic+toxicity+of+endosulfan+to+two+Australian+cladocerans+and+their+applicability+in+deriving+water+quality+criteria&rft.au=Sunderam%2C+RIM%3BThompson%2C+G+B%3BChapman%2C+J+C%3BCheng%2C+DMH&rft.aulast=Sunderam&rft.aufirst=RIM&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=541&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - insecticides; water quality; toxicity; fish; pollution effects; pesticides; water pollution; aquatic environment; government policy; water quality criteria; endosulfan; agricultural chemicals; Moinodaphnia macleayi; Ceriodaphnia dubia; Australia; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organization and evolution of naphthalene catabolic pathways: Sequence of the DNA encoding 2-hydroxychromene-2-carboxylate isomerase and trans-o-hydroxybenzylidenepyruvate hydratase-aldolase from the NAH7 plasmid AN - 16839710; 3774878 AB - The sequence of a 2,437-bp DNA segment from the naphthalene upper catabolic pathway operon of plasmid NAH7 was determined. This segment contains three large open reading frames designated nahQ', nahE, and nahD. The first of these is the 3' end of an open reading frame that has no known function, the second (993 bp) encodes trans-o-hydroxybenzylidenepyruvate hydratase-aldolase (deduced molecular weight, 36,640), and the third (609 bp) encodes 2-hydroxychromene-2-carboxylate isomerase (deduced molecular weight, 23,031). This DNA has a high degree of sequence homology (greater than 91% for the first 2161 bp) with a DNA segment from the dox (dibenzothiophene oxidation) operon of Pseudomonas sp. strain C18, which encodes a pathway analogous to that encoded by NAH7. However, 84 bp downstream from nahD, the last gene in the nah operon, this homology ends. This 84-bp sequence at the downstream end of nah and dox homology has 76% homology to a sequence that occurs just upstream of the nah promoter in NAH7. These directly repeated 84-bp sequences thus encompass the upper-pathway nah operon and constitute the ends of a highly conserved region. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Eaton, R W AD - Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 7757 EP - 7762 VL - 176 IS - 24 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - naphthalene KW - 2-hydroxychromene-2-carboxylate isomerase KW - trans-o-hydroxybenzylidenepyruvate hydratase-aldolase KW - nahQ' gene KW - nahE gene KW - nahD gene KW - plasmid NAH7 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - DNA KW - Pseudomonas putida KW - catabolism KW - G 07321:GENERAL KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16839710?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=Organization+and+evolution+of+naphthalene+catabolic+pathways%3A+Sequence+of+the+DNA+encoding+2-hydroxychromene-2-carboxylate+isomerase+and+trans-o-hydroxybenzylidenepyruvate+hydratase-aldolase+from+the+NAH7+plasmid&rft.au=Eaton%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Eaton&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=176&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=7757&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pseudomonas putida; catabolism; DNA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Asbestos release from the demolition of two schools in Fairbanks, Alaska AN - 16834729; 3771875 AB - Two elementary schools on Forth Wainwright Army Base in Fairbanks, Alaska, were demolished during the Summer of 1992. Prior to demolition, all friable asbestos was removed from the buildings in accordance with the applicable Environmental Protection Agency's asbestos National Emission Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants. The primary objective of the study was to assess whether the demolition of the buildings with Category 1 materials (floor tile and roofing materials) in place (as was the case in Fairbanks) resulted in a downwind increase in the airborne asbestos concentration. The secondary objective was to document the worker exposure levels encountered by the demolition workers and the workers transporting the debris. There was no statistically significant difference observed between the airborne asbestos concentrations measured upwind and downwind of the demolitions, nor were there any increases in downwind asbestos concentration observed during debris disposal and covering activities at the landfill. Personal air monitoring of workers indicated that asbestos exposures were well below the OSHA action level and, by the OSHA measure, did not appear to present a significant health risk. JF - Applied Occupational & Environmental Hygiene AU - Wilmoth, R C AU - Taylor AU - Meyer, B E AD - Water and Hazard. Waste Treat. Res. Div., Risk Reduct. Eng. Lab., U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 409 EP - 417 VL - 9 IS - 6 SN - 1047-322X, 1047-322X KW - demolition KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - asbestos KW - air pollution KW - buildings KW - occupational exposure KW - construction materials KW - USA, Alaska, Fairbanks KW - dust KW - sampling methods KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - H SI1.21:HOUSING AND BUILDING INDUSTRIES KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16834729?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Occupational+%26+Environmental+Hygiene&rft.atitle=Asbestos+release+from+the+demolition+of+two+schools+in+Fairbanks%2C+Alaska&rft.au=Wilmoth%2C+R+C%3BTaylor%3BMeyer%2C+B+E&rft.aulast=Wilmoth&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=409&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Occupational+%26+Environmental+Hygiene&rft.issn=1047322X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Alaska, Fairbanks; asbestos; air pollution; occupational exposure; buildings; sampling methods; dust; construction materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environment on rise as Antarctic priority AN - 16831058; 3558039 AB - Over the past decade, the U.S. Antarctic Program gradually has shifted its principles and strategies and has now matured to the point of having a keen sense of the values it seeks to promote and preserve. These values include protection of Antarctica's nearly pristine environment; scientific research; and enhancement of the lives and health of the people who work there. JF - Forum for Applied Research and Public Policy AU - Draggan, S AD - Environ. Monitor. and Assessment Prog., U.S. EPA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 89 EP - 92 VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 0887-8218, 0887-8218 KW - research programs KW - research priorities KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - legislation KW - environmental protection KW - environmental policy KW - Antarctica KW - conservation KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16831058?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forum+for+Applied+Research+and+Public+Policy&rft.atitle=Environment+on+rise+as+Antarctic+priority&rft.au=Draggan%2C+S&rft.aulast=Draggan&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forum+for+Applied+Research+and+Public+Policy&rft.issn=08878218&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental protection; legislation; conservation; research priorities; environmental policy; Antarctica; research programs ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mycorrhizae alter quality and quantity of carbon allocated below ground AN - 16829234; 3554352 AB - Plants and soils are a critically important element in the global carbon-energy equation. It is estimated that in forest ecosystems over two-thirds of the carbon is contained in soils and peat deposits. Despite the importance of forest soils in the global carbon cycle, fluxes of carbon associated with fundamental processes and soil functional groups are inadequately quantified, limiting our understanding of carbon movement and sequestration in soils. We report here the direct measurement of carbon in and through all major pools of a mycorrhizal (fungus-root) coniferous seedling (a complete carbon budget). The mycorrhizal symbiont reduces overall retention of carbon in the plant-fungus symbiosis by increasing carbon in roots and below-ground respiration and reducing its retention and release above ground. Below ground, mycorrhizal plants shifted allocation of carbon to pools that are rapidly turned over, primarily to fine roots and fungal hyphae, and host root and fungal respiration. Mycorrhizae alter the size of below-ground carbon pools, the quality and, therefore, the retention time of carbon below ground. Our data indicate that if elevated atmospheric CO sub(2) and altered climate stressors alter mycorrhizal colonization in forests, the role of forests in sequestering carbon could be altered. JF - Nature AU - Rygiewicz, P T AU - Andersen, C P AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 58 EP - 60 VL - 369 IS - 6475 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - forests KW - vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas KW - carbon sources KW - ectomycorrhizas KW - carbon cycle KW - mycorrhizas KW - soil KW - A 01044:General KW - D 04600:Soil KW - W2 32450:Soil microorganisms KW - K 03096:Mycorrhiza KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16829234?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Mycorrhizae+alter+quality+and+quantity+of+carbon+allocated+below+ground&rft.au=Rygiewicz%2C+P+T%3BAndersen%2C+C+P&rft.aulast=Rygiewicz&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=369&rft.issue=6475&rft.spage=58&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - forests; vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas; carbon sources; ectomycorrhizas; carbon cycle; mycorrhizas; soil ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical contaminant reactions and assessment of soil cleanup levels for protection of groundwater AN - 16827561; 3560080 AB - About 70% of hazardous waste sites listed in the National Priority List (NPL) have some groundwater contamination that may require remediation. Such remediation is inadequate if the unsaturated soils above will continue to act as a source of groundwater contamination. Consequently, for most of these sites, it becomes necessary to determine what the cleanup levels for contaminants in soils should be so that subsequent contribution of contaminants from these soils to groundwater would not exceed groundwater protection levels. Representation of the dynamics of interactions between contaminants and soils is very complex, requiring among others, a thorough understanding of the chemical processes that influence the behavior of the contaminant once it enters the subsurface. Because of such complexities, environmental professionals frequently utilize methods with very simple assumptions that tend to err on the conservative side. While the public may feel protected, the needless spending of dollars could be avoided if attempts are made to incorporate, where possible, such complexities in the modeling efforts so that the system is represented as accurately as possible. JF - Environmental Geology AU - Kargbo, D M AD - U.S. EPA, 841 Chestnut Build. (3HW13), Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 105 EP - 113 VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - water pollution treatment KW - path of pollutants KW - groundwater movement KW - groundwater contamination KW - hazardous wastes KW - waste disposal sites KW - pollution clean-up KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - chemical reactions KW - soil contamination KW - groundwater pollution KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16827561?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology&rft.atitle=Chemical+contaminant+reactions+and+assessment+of+soil+cleanup+levels+for+protection+of+groundwater&rft.au=Kargbo%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Kargbo&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - groundwater pollution; water pollution treatment; soil contamination; path of pollutants; groundwater movement; chemical reactions; hazardous wastes; waste disposal sites; pollution clean-up ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using microcosms to assess aeration, cement, and clay mitigation of iron contaminated lake sediments AN - 16823300; 3768953 AB - A sediment-water phase laboratory microcosm experiment was designed to assess iron dynamics for Fall Creek Lake located in the Cumberland Plateau Region of Tennessee, the United States. Aeration, clay, and cement treatments were compared with control. Representing the lake hypolimnion, microcosms were maintained under dark conditions at 9 plus or minus 1 degree C for six months. For the initial six weeks, the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration in clay, cement and control microcosms was 5-6 mg/L. The DO in the aerated microcosoms was 10-11 mg/L. After six weeks, the DO concentration was reduced by nitrogen purging to 0-2 mg/L in all microcosoms except the aerated one. All treatment microcosms demonstrated significantly lower water column iron concentrations. The rate and extent of iron release from lake sediments to water was influenced by mechanisms involving oxidation and sorption processes. Of the treatments, aeration and clay appeared to be effective in capturing iron released from sediments. Cement treatment caused high pH (10-11), high ammonia concentration (2.5 mg-N/L), and depressed bacterial density. Although efficient at capturing iron, cement treatment would not constitute a realistic environmental application because of unacceptable pH shifts in the water column. JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A: Environmental Science and Engineering & Toxic and Hazardous Substance Control AU - Wan, Ling AU - Morgan, E AU - George, D AU - Adams, D AU - Berk, S AD - Univ. West Florida, U.S. EPA Environ. Res. Lab., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 1491 EP - 1506 VL - A29 IS - 7 SN - 0360-1226, 0360-1226 KW - USA, Tennessee, Fall Creek L. KW - aquatic microorganisms KW - cement KW - clay KW - clays KW - contamination KW - iron KW - lake sediments KW - microcosms KW - pollutant persistence KW - sediment pollution KW - sediment-water exchanges KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - lakes KW - Freshwater KW - aeration KW - sediments KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - A 01056:Mineral microbiology KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16823300?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+A%3A+Environmental+Science+and+Engineering+%26+Toxic+and+Hazardous+Substance+Control&rft.atitle=Using+microcosms+to+assess+aeration%2C+cement%2C+and+clay+mitigation+of+iron+contaminated+lake+sediments&rft.au=Wan%2C+Ling%3BMorgan%2C+E%3BGeorge%2C+D%3BAdams%2C+D%3BBerk%2C+S&rft.aulast=Wan&rft.aufirst=Ling&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=A29&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1491&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+A%3A+Environmental+Science+and+Engineering+%26+Toxic+and+Hazardous+Substance+Control&rft.issn=03601226&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - clays; microcosms; aeration; sediments; pollutant persistence; lakes; sediment pollution; sediment-water exchanges; iron; aquatic microorganisms; cement; contamination; clay; lake sediments; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The determination of hexavalent chromium in soil using capillary electrophoresis AN - 16821190; 3557157 AB - There are two significant differences between the older SW-846 method and the new CE method presented here. The first is that the older method fails completely when applied to a number of challenging soil matrices, while the new CE method succeeds in obtaining a usable result for these same matrices. The second is that the new CE method was much easier to perform in the laboratory. Laboratory throughput, which includes preparation of reagent, equipment and instrument setup, calibrations, and all QA samples, of a single analyst using the older method is 2 to 4 samples per day, while the same analyst can perform as many as 20 to 30 samples per day using the new CE method. The method presented here is a simple rapid test for soluble Cr(VI) inducing and nonreducing soils. The most significant impact of this method is that it passes the matrix spike QA test for reducing soils. JF - American Environmental Laboratory AU - Miller, D P AU - Woody, L AD - U.S. EPA Reg. VII, 25 Funston Rd., Kansas City, KS 66115, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 42 EP - 45 VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 1051-2306, 1051-2306 KW - soil sampling KW - capillary electrophoresis KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - cadmium KW - sampling instruments KW - pollution detection KW - heavy metals KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16821190?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Environmental+Laboratory&rft.atitle=The+determination+of+hexavalent+chromium+in+soil+using+capillary+electrophoresis&rft.au=Miller%2C+D+P%3BWoody%2C+L&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=42&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Environmental+Laboratory&rft.issn=10512306&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pollution detection; heavy metals; cadmium; sampling instruments ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metal-induced inhibition of anaerobic metabolism of volatile fatty acids and hydrogen AN - 16819191; 3761930 AB - The effects of copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) on the biotransformation of organic acids (acetate, propionate and butyrate) and H sub(2) were assessed in serum-bottle microcosms. Experiments were performed over a range of metal concentrations (20-200 mg/l) using biomass from an anaerobic bioreactor fed continuously with ethanol distillery waste as inoculum. In general, the added metals inhibited the biotransformation of organic acids with increasing metal concentration. However, the extent of inhibition varied for the different biotransformations and for the different metals tested. For example, the concentration of CuCl sub(2) effecting a 50% reduction in the rate constant for biotransformation of acetate, propionate and butyrate was 60, 75 and 30 mg/l, respectively. Cu and Cr (VI) were the most inhibitory metals in organic acid transformation, whereas Pb was the least toxic. The rate of biotransformation of acetate was reduced by half at Cu and Cr concentrations of 60 and 40 mg/l respectively, whereas Cd, Pb, and Zn concentrations of 160 to 200 mg/l had little effect. The activities of hydrogenotrophic methanogens were much less affected by the same metals and metal concentrations. JF - Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology AU - Kong, I-C AU - Hubbard, J S AU - Jones, W J AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Athens, GA 30605, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 396 EP - 402 VL - 42 IS - 2-3 SN - 0175-7598, 0175-7598 KW - hydrogen KW - copper KW - chromium KW - cadmium KW - lead KW - zinc KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - fatty acids KW - digestion (anaerobic) KW - inhibition KW - J 02729:Organic acids UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16819191?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Metal-induced+inhibition+of+anaerobic+metabolism+of+volatile+fatty+acids+and+hydrogen&rft.au=Kong%2C+I-C%3BHubbard%2C+J+S%3BJones%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Kong&rft.aufirst=I-C&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=396&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=01757598&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - fatty acids; digestion (anaerobic); inhibition ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A mathematical model for aerosol deposition in the respiratory tract of the guinea pig AN - 16813745; 3549032 AB - Laboratory animals are used as surrogates in inhalation exposure studies for (1) risk assessments of air pollutants and (2) evaluations of pharmacologic drugs. Herein, a mathematical model is presented that identifies factors affecting the regional distributions of inhaled aerosols within the complete respiratory system of the guinea pig. The model couples empirical and deterministic techniques. An original empirical formula is presented to describe particle losses in airways of the head and throat. Regarding the lung, its structure is defined using the asymmetric morphology of Schreider and Hutchens (1980), and deposition is calculated in a deterministic manner using the protocol of Martonen et al. (1992). JF - Inhalation Toxicology AU - Martonen, T B AU - Yang, Y AD - Mail Drop 74, Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 1 EP - 19 VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 0895-8378, 0895-8378 KW - guinea-pigs KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - lung KW - deposition KW - aerosols KW - mathematical models KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16813745?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Inhalation+Toxicology&rft.atitle=A+mathematical+model+for+aerosol+deposition+in+the+respiratory+tract+of+the+guinea+pig&rft.au=Martonen%2C+T+B%3BYang%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Martonen&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Inhalation+Toxicology&rft.issn=08958378&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; lung; deposition; mathematical models; toxicity testing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling AN - 16807570; 3548813 AB - Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PB-PK) models attempt to provide both a realistic anatomic description of the animal to which a drug or toxic chemical has been administered and a biologically accurate representation of the physiological pathways for chemical storage, metabolism, and elimination in the animal. Because these models explicitly incorporate information about the biological factors which affect chemical disposition, they are particularly useful for high- to low-dose and interspecies extrapolation of pharmacokinetics. The complexity of any particular PB-PK model depends on the chemical studied and the objectives underlying model development. The primary focus of this brief overview is the structure of PB-PK models developed for three specific classes of chemicals: volatile organic compounds (VOCs), dioxin-like chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons, and retinoids. In addition, the risk assessment objectives underpinning model development and the continuing data needs in refining and extending these models are briefly discussed. JF - Drug Information Journal AU - Andersen, ME AD - MD#74, Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 247 EP - 254 VL - 28 IS - 1 SN - 0092-8615, 0092-8615 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - models KW - drugs KW - pharmaceuticals KW - pharmacokinetics KW - X 24114:Metabolism KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16807570?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+Information+Journal&rft.atitle=Physiologically-based+pharmacokinetic+modeling&rft.au=Andersen%2C+ME&rft.aulast=Andersen&rft.aufirst=ME&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+Information+Journal&rft.issn=00928615&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pharmacokinetics; models; toxicity testing; drugs; pharmaceuticals ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of combustion and sorbent parameters in prevention of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and polychlorinated dibenzofuran formation during waste combustion AN - 16804660; 3550256 AB - This research uses experimental data and a statistical approach to determine the effect of combustion- and sorbent-injection-related parameters on the mechanism of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDD and PCDF, respectively) formation and prevention in waste combustors. The operation of a pilot-scale combustor was varied to effect different regimes of oxygen (O sub(2)), hydrogen chloride (HCl), and chlorine (Cl sub(2)) concentration; temperature; residence time; quench rate; and sorbent injection. The fly ash loading of a municipal waste combustor was simulated by postcombustion injection of fly ash collected from a full-scale facility. Downstream sampling and analysis indicated significant PCDD and PCDF formation, beyond concentrations on the preinjected fly ash, at rates conducive to explaining formation in full-scale facilities at particle/gas residence times <5 s. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Gullett, B K AU - Lemieux, P M AD - Air and Energy Eng. Res. Lab. U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 107 EP - 118 VL - 28 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - hydrogen chloride KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - chlorine KW - fly ash KW - oxygen KW - statistical analysis KW - combustion KW - simulation KW - municipal wastes KW - PCDF KW - PCDD KW - sorbents KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16804660?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Role+of+combustion+and+sorbent+parameters+in+prevention+of+polychlorinated+dibenzo-p-dioxin+and+polychlorinated+dibenzofuran+formation+during+waste+combustion&rft.au=Gullett%2C+B+K%3BLemieux%2C+P+M&rft.aulast=Gullett&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - PCDD; PCDF; combustion; municipal wastes; fly ash; oxygen; chlorine; sorbents; simulation; statistical analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutagenicity and chemical analysis of emissions from the open burning of scrap rubber tires AN - 16798769; 3547002 AB - The Salmonella mutagenicity assay and chemical analyses were used to evaluate the emissions from the open burning of scrap rubber tires that had been cut into either of two sizes, CHUNK or SHRED. The mutagenic potencies in strain TA98 of the dichloromethane-extractable particulate organics were generally greater than that of the semivolatiles. In addition, the open burning of CHUNK tires produced a higher burn rate and more potent organics in the presence of S9 than did SHRED tires. This may have reflected the greater production of S9-dependent mutagens, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), under the combustion conditions generated by the CHUNK tires. Bioassays using selected strains of Salmonella indicated that dinitroarenes or aromatic amines (but not mononitroaromatics) accounted for much of the mutagenic activity measured in the absence of S9. A wide variety of PAHs was detected in the particulate organics. The results demonstrate that the open burning of scrap rubber tires produces a high mutagenic emission factor, posing potential environmental and health effects. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - DeMarini, D M AU - Lemieux, P M AU - Ryan, J V AU - Brooks, L R AU - Williams, R W AD - Genetic Toxicol. Div., MD-68A, Health Effects Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 136 EP - 141 VL - 28 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - rubber products KW - emissions KW - rubber KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - combustion KW - mutagenicity KW - air pollution KW - chemical analysis KW - bioassays KW - tires KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Salmonella KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - X 24156:Environmental impact KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16798769?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Mutagenicity+and+chemical+analysis+of+emissions+from+the+open+burning+of+scrap+rubber+tires&rft.au=DeMarini%2C+D+M%3BLemieux%2C+P+M%3BRyan%2C+J+V%3BBrooks%2C+L+R%3BWilliams%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=DeMarini&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=136&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Salmonella; rubber products; tires; combustion; emissions; mutagenicity; chemical analysis; bioassays; air pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; rubber ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cognitive and neuroanatomical effects of triethyltin in developing rats: Role of age of exposure AN - 16798444; 3752780 AB - Long-Evans rat pups were injected i.p. on postnatal day 5 (PND5) or 12 with 0, 3, or 5 mg/kg triethyltin sulfate (TET) and then tested on T-maze delayed alternation on PND21 or 28. Delayed alternation learning was impaired on PND21 and 28 in pups given 5 mg/kg TET. Pups given 5 mg/kg TET on PND5 were more impaired on delayed alternation than pups given 5 mg/kg TET on PND12. Pups given 3 mg/kg TET on PND5 or 12 were unimpaired at either age of testing. On the day following training, pups were sacrificed for histological assessment employing Nissl- or immunohistochemical staining for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a putative marker of gliosis. Pups given 5 mg/kg TET on PND5 showed increases in GFAP immunoreactivity (IR) in subiculum, amygdala, hippocampus, piriform cortex, and entorhinal cortex with concomitant decreases in Nissl-stained cells in these regions. TET-induced behavioral deficits appear related to damage of structural correlates of the human temporal lobe and not piriform cortical pathology. The results demonstrate that the day of exposure greatly influences the magnitude of the cognitive deficits and neuropathology associated with exposure to TET. JF - Brain Research AU - Freeman, JH Jr AU - Barone, S Jr AU - Stanton, ME AD - Neurotoxicol. Div., Health Effects Res. Lab. (MD-74B), U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 85 EP - 95 VL - 634 IS - 1 SN - 0006-8993, 0006-8993 KW - postnatal KW - triethyltin KW - effects on KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - neurotoxicity KW - correlation KW - developmental stages KW - degeneration KW - cognitive ability KW - brain KW - administration KW - X 24162:Chronic exposure KW - N3 11139:Toxicological and psychoactive drug correlates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16798444?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+Research&rft.atitle=Cognitive+and+neuroanatomical+effects+of+triethyltin+in+developing+rats%3A+Role+of+age+of+exposure&rft.au=Freeman%2C+JH+Jr%3BBarone%2C+S+Jr%3BStanton%2C+ME&rft.aulast=Freeman&rft.aufirst=JH&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=634&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+Research&rft.issn=00068993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - administration; developmental stages; neurotoxicity; cognitive ability; correlation; brain; degeneration ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The performance of short-term tests in identifying potential germ cell mutagens: A qualitative and quantitative analysis AN - 16795410; 3752214 AB - A retrospective analysis was undertaken to assess the performance of selected short-term tests in the discrimination of mammalian germ cell mutagens and nonmutagens using data derived from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/International Agency for Research on Cancer Genetic Activity Profile (EPA/IARC GAP) and EPA GENE-TOX databases. The short-term tests selected were gene mutation in Salmonella (S. typhimurium), cultured mammalian cell gene mutation and chromosomal aberrations, and mammalian bone marrow cytogenetics (micronucleus and chromosomal aberrations). These are the first level tests used in the EPA mutagenicity testing guidelines. The results of this analysis showed good sensitivity of short-term in vitro tests for mammalian cell gene mutation (96%) or chromosomal aberrations (92%) in identifying germ cell mutagens, while the sensitivity of tests for gene mutation in S. typhimurium was lower (79%). Bone marrow micronucleus or chromosomal aberration assays in vivo each displayed a sensitivity of 96%. Thus, both the in vitro and in vivo tests may be used effectively to screen chemicals for potential germ cell mutagenicity. In contrast, the in vitro tests mentioned above performed poorly in discriminating putative germ cell nonmutagens, giving results for specificity at or below what is expected due to chance alone (50-11%). The bone marrow assays were more efficient in this regard, the micronucleus test yielding a specificity of 63% and the chromosomal aberrations assay 64%. The mouse bone marrow micronucleus test also performed well on a quantitative basis, responding at or below the lowest effective doses tested in the mouse dominant lethal assay. Regression analysis of the mean lowest effective doses of chemicals evaluated in vivo showed approximately 1:1 linear correlations for mouse germ cell assays (heritable translocation vs dominant lethal or specific locus tests) as well as for mouse bone marrow assays (micronucleus vs chromosomal aberration). The results suggest the value of the bone marrow micronucleus test as an assay for potential germ cell mutagenicity and the dominant lethal test as a relatively inexpensive choice for confirmation of germ cell damage. The sensitivity of the in vitro assays investigated and the discriminatory capability of the in vivo bone marrow assay affirmed the utility of these tests within the framework of the EPA mutagenicity testing guidelines. JF - Mutation Research AU - Waters, MD AU - Stack, H F AU - Jackson, MA AU - Bridges, BA AU - Adler, I-D AD - Health Effects Res. Lab. (MD-51A), U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 109 EP - 131 VL - 341 IS - 2 SN - 0165-1218, 0165-1218 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - government policy KW - germ cells KW - mutagens KW - mutagenicity testing KW - G 07220:General theory/testing systems KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16795410?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research&rft.atitle=The+performance+of+short-term+tests+in+identifying+potential+germ+cell+mutagens%3A+A+qualitative+and+quantitative+analysis&rft.au=Waters%2C+MD%3BStack%2C+H+F%3BJackson%2C+MA%3BBridges%2C+BA%3BAdler%2C+I-D&rft.aulast=Waters&rft.aufirst=MD&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=341&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research&rft.issn=01651218&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - germ cells; mutagens; mutagenicity testing; government policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Blockade of ovulation in the rat by the fungicide sodium N-methyldithiocarbamate: Relationship between effects on the luteinizing hormone surge and alterations in hypothalamic catecholamines AN - 16789751; 3750235 AB - Sodium N-methyldithiocarbamate (SMD), also known as metam sodium, is a commonly employed soil fungicide and nematocide. Structurally related dithiocarbamates have been found to decrease norepinephrine (NE) synthesis by suppressing the activity of dopamine- beta -hydroxylase. Because brain hypothalamic catecholamine (CA) activity is involved in generating the proestrus afternoon surge in blood luteinizing hormone (LH) which stimulates the final stages of ovulation, this study explored the effect of SMD on this hormonal trigger and its relationship to changes in hypothalamic CAs. Ovariectomized, steroid-primed Long-Evans rats showed a dose-related (25-100 mg/kg, IP) suppression of the surge and a drop in NE when SMD was given at 1100 h, a few h prior to the expected LH rise. The surge effect was reversed by the alpha -adrenergic agonist clonidine. With cycling rats, a decline with dose (50-300 mg/kg, 1300 h, proestrus) was seen in the percentage of ovulating females, with earlier injections (0900 h) being less effective at the highest dose. At all doses, low circulating levels of LH and prolactin at 1600 h suggested either a blockade in the proestrus surges of each hormone or a displacement in their time of occurrence. Anterior and posterior hypothalamic NE fell by 3 h postinjection and was accompanied by a rise in dopamine, while serotonin was unchanged. Although there was a distinct parallel between the alterations in regional CAs and the incidence of ovulation at the high doses of SMD, the relationship did not hold as the dose decreased. A similar dissociation between ovulation and CAs was seen when equimolar doses of SMD or methylisothiocyanate, a principal metabolite, were given by gavage. The data indicate that while IP injections of SMD are able to block the LH surge and ovulation in these rats, the dose-response relationship suggest that, along with induced alterations in CA metabolism, an additional factor may be involved in the observed effects. JF - Neurotoxicology and Teratology AU - Goldman, J M AU - Stoker, TE AU - Cooper, R L AU - McElroy, W K AU - Hein, J F AD - MD-72, Reproduct. Toxicol. Br. DTD, Health Effects Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 257 EP - 268 VL - 16 IS - 3 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - sodium N-methyldithiocarbamate KW - luteinizing hormone KW - catecholamines KW - rats KW - metham sodium KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - ovulation KW - hypothalamus KW - fungicides KW - N3 11104:Mammals (except primates) KW - X 24135:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16789751?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.atitle=Blockade+of+ovulation+in+the+rat+by+the+fungicide+sodium+N-methyldithiocarbamate%3A+Relationship+between+effects+on+the+luteinizing+hormone+surge+and+alterations+in+hypothalamic+catecholamines&rft.au=Goldman%2C+J+M%3BStoker%2C+TE%3BCooper%2C+R+L%3BMcElroy%2C+W+K%3BHein%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Goldman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ovulation; hypothalamus; fungicides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The midwest flood of 1993: The role of ground water and a continuing disaster AN - 16788762; 3542226 AB - The ground-water hydrology of the midwest flood of 1993 is not well understood. The flood of 1993 is very different in three important ways: it was a dirty flood, carrying a large contaminant and debris load; it was of long duration, providing more time for contamination to enter the sensitive and important alluvial aquifers; and the extensive precipitation and its long duration raised ground-water levels to or near the ground surface over a large region of the country. It is known that water in the alluvial aquifers will be released slowly to streams over a long time, potentially contributing to more flooding this spring. The specific hydrologic and water quality effects of flooded aquifers need to be investigated to anticipate impacts of future floods and to design measures to reduce health, safety, and environmental effects in the future. JF - Ground Water AU - Job, CA AD - Ground Water Protection Div., Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, EPA, Washington, D.C., USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 178 EP - 179 VL - 32 IS - 2 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - sediment load KW - historic floods KW - groundwater KW - groundwater level KW - surface-groundwater relations KW - floods KW - geohydrology KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16788762?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=The+midwest+flood+of+1993%3A+The+role+of+ground+water+and+a+continuing+disaster&rft.au=Job%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Job&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=178&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - groundwater; geohydrology; floods; historic floods; sediment load; groundwater level; surface-groundwater relations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical characterization and disposition studies with 1,2,7,8-tetrabromodibenzofuran in the rat AN - 16788495; 3537295 AB - Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans have been identified as potential environmental contaminants. The present studies were designed to characterize the chemical disposition of a tetrabrominated dibenzofuran. The isomer-specific pattern of 1,2,7,8-tetrabromodibenzofuran (TBDF) was chemically characterized using high-pressure liquid chromatography, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, infrared absorption, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. The absorption, distribution, and elimination of 1,2,7,8-[4,6- super(3)H]-TBDF were examined in the rat following a single oral, dermal, or intravenous dose of 1 nmol/kg. The 1,2,7,8-TBDF was rapidly excreted in the bile ( similar to 50% of the dose in 8 h). Likewise, over half of the administered dose was found in the feces and intestine contents 24 h after iv administration and in feces 72 h after oral administration. Thus, the half-life of 1,2,7,8-TBDF is approximately 1 d. Major tissue depots included the liver, adipose tissue, and skin. The decline in hepatic concentrations observed in the iv and bile studies occurred in conjunction with metabolic elimination as well as a slight accumulation in adipose tissue. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Kedderis, L B AU - Jackson, JA AU - Patterson, DG Jr AU - Grainger, J AU - Diliberto, J J AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - U.S. EPA, MD-66, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 53 EP - 69 VL - 41 IS - 1 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - 1,2,7,8-tetrabromodibenzofuran KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - disposition KW - X 24153:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16788495?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Chemical+characterization+and+disposition+studies+with+1%2C2%2C7%2C8-tetrabromodibenzofuran+in+the+rat&rft.au=Kedderis%2C+L+B%3BJackson%2C+JA%3BPatterson%2C+DG+Jr%3BGrainger%2C+J%3BDiliberto%2C+J+J%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Kedderis&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - disposition ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Can long-term exposure distributions be predicted from short-term measurements? AN - 16787212; 3541040 AB - A method for estimating long-term distributions of exposure based on repeated short-term measurements within the same population is developed. If the short-term measurements span seasonal variation, and if the distributions are log-normal or nearly so, then long-term distributions can be estimated from as few as two visits to the same population. The method is illustrated using examples drawn from EPA's TEAM Study of exposures to volatile organic compounds. JF - Risk Analysis AU - Wallace, LA AU - Duan, N AU - Ziegenfus, R AD - US EPA, 11568 Woodhollow Court, Reston, VA 22091, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 75 EP - 85 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - exposure KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - epidemiology KW - volatile organic compounds KW - risk assessment KW - seasonal variations KW - cancer KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - H SM10.21:CANCER UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16787212?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Can+long-term+exposure+distributions+be+predicted+from+short-term+measurements%3F&rft.au=Wallace%2C+LA%3BDuan%2C+N%3BZiegenfus%2C+R&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cancer; volatile organic compounds; risk assessment; seasonal variations; epidemiology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Beauveria bassiana and its toxins on Mysidopsis bahia (Mysidacea) AN - 16785284; 3539214 AB - Beauveria bassiana spores and metabolites were evaluated for toxicity and pathogenicity to Mysidopsis bahia. Static acute 96-h tests were conducted with less than or equal to 24-h-old M. bahia using either conidiospores; the mycotoxin, beauvericin, or a nonpolar extract of the mycelia. Conidiospore densities of greater than or equal to 1.5 x 10 super(6)/ml caused high mortalities. These mortalities were attributed to a high particulate density since heat-killed controls also proved lethal. Beauvericin, a cyclic depsipeptide produced by some strains of B. bassiana, was toxic at an LC50 of 0.56 mg/L. The toxicity of beauvericin persisted in sterile seawater for at least 3, but not, 8 weeks. A nonpolar extract of mycelia from B. bassiana, which contained approximately 1% beauvericin by weight, was toxic at an LC50 of 84.2 mg/L. In contrast, a nonpolar extract of mycelia from the fungal weed pathogen. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides f. sp. aeschynomene, was not toxic when tested up to 70.4 mg/L. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Genthner, F J AU - Cripe, G M AU - Crosby, D J AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 90 EP - 94 VL - 26 IS - 1 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - crustaceans KW - spores KW - toxicity tests KW - toxins KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Toxicology Abstracts KW - metabolites KW - insecticides KW - Mysidopsis bahia KW - Beauveria bassiana KW - Brackish KW - Freshwater KW - fungi KW - toxicity KW - K 03040:Fungi KW - X 24171:Microbial KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16785284?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Beauveria+bassiana+and+its+toxins+on+Mysidopsis+bahia+%28Mysidacea%29&rft.au=Genthner%2C+F+J%3BCripe%2C+G+M%3BCrosby%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Genthner&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=90&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - metabolites; insecticides; spores; fungi; toxicity; toxicity tests; toxins; Mysidopsis bahia; Beauveria bassiana; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute toxicity of 4-nitrophenol, 2,4-dinitrophenol, terbufos and trichlorfon to grass shrimp (Palaemonetes spp.) and sheepshead minnows (Cyprinodon variegatus) as affected by salinity and temperature AN - 16782460; 3536896 AB - The toxicities of two industrial chemicals (4-nitrophenol and 2,4-dinitrophenol) and two organophosphate insecticides (terbufos and trichlorfon) to juvenile grass shrimp (Palaemonetes spp.) and sheepshead minnows (Cyprinodon variegatus) were determined by static, 96-h toxicity tests in a factorial design with 12 combinations of salinity and temperature (15, 20, 25, 30 ppt x 17, 22, 27 degree C). Concentrations of the toxicants, including bioconcentration, were determined as appropriate by gas or liquid chromatography and the use of super(14)C-labeled compounds. The 96-h LC50s for 4-nitrophenol ranged from 12 to 31 mg/L and for 2,4-dinitrophenol from 13 to 50 mg/L. Toxicity decreased as salinity increased for 4-nitrophenol and both test organisms. Toxicity decreased as salinity increased for 2,4-dinitrophenol and sheepshead minnows, but toxicity to grass shrimp increased as salinity increased. Toxicity decreased with increased temperature for grass shrimp exposed to 2,4-dinitrophenol and sheepshead minnows exposed to 4-nitrophenol, increased with temperature for sheepshead minnows exposed to 2,4-dinitrophenol, and no change was observed for grass shrimp exposed to 4-nitrophenol. Bioconcentration of phenols in both test organisms increased as concentration increased. The 96-h LC50s for terbufos ranged from 3.4 to 6.6 mu g/L and for trichlorfon from 6.3 to 19,300 mu g/L. Terbufos and trichlorfon toxicity to grass shrimp and sheepshead minnows increased with increased temperature. BCFs for terbufos were greater in sheepshead minnows than grass shrimp, but were reversed for trichlorfon. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Brecken-Folse, JA AU - Mayer, F L AU - Pedigo, LE AU - Marking, L L AD - U.S. EPA Environ. Res. Lab., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 67 EP - 77 VL - 13 IS - 1 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - 2,4-dinitrophenol KW - acute toxicity KW - chemical pollutants KW - juveniles KW - lethal effects KW - p-nitrophenol KW - phenols KW - salinity KW - salinity effects KW - temperature KW - temperature effects KW - terbufos KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicity tests KW - trichlorfon KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - insecticides KW - Palaemonetes KW - Cyprinodon variegatus KW - X 24151:Acute exposure KW - X 24131:Acute exposure KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16782460?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Acute+toxicity+of+4-nitrophenol%2C+2%2C4-dinitrophenol%2C+terbufos+and+trichlorfon+to+grass+shrimp+%28Palaemonetes+spp.%29+and+sheepshead+minnows+%28Cyprinodon+variegatus%29+as+affected+by+salinity+and+temperature&rft.au=Brecken-Folse%2C+JA%3BMayer%2C+F+L%3BPedigo%2C+LE%3BMarking%2C+L+L&rft.aulast=Brecken-Folse&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - salinity effects; insecticides; chemical pollutants; phenols; juveniles; toxicity tests; lethal effects; temperature effects; salinity; temperature; toxicity testing; acute toxicity; Palaemonetes; Cyprinodon variegatus; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Arsenic toxicity in humans: Research problems and prospects AN - 16779593; 3739796 AB - The disposition and toxicity of the metalloid, arsenic, is affected by its oxidation state and on the extent to which it is converted to methylated species. Given that these chemical modifications influence the fate and action of arsenic, new research efforts should be directed both towards elucidating the molecular processes involved in the metabolism of arsenic and in characterising interindividual variation in capacity for processes such as the methylation of arsenic. This information will contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms of arsenic toxicity and carcinogenicity and to a better assessment of the hazards associated with chronic exposure to this agent. JF - Environmental Geochemistry and Health AU - Thomas, D J AD - Pharmacokinetics Branch, Environ. Toxicol. Div., Health Effects Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 107 EP - 111 VL - 16 IS - 3-4 SN - 0269-4042, 0269-4042 KW - arsenic KW - humans KW - man KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - carcinogenicity KW - metabolism KW - oxidation KW - toxicity KW - H SE4.20:POISONS AND POISONING KW - X 24163:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16779593?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geochemistry+and+Health&rft.atitle=Arsenic+toxicity+in+humans%3A+Research+problems+and+prospects&rft.au=Thomas%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geochemistry+and+Health&rft.issn=02694042&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; metabolism; toxicity; oxidation; humans; carcinogenicity; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interlaboratory comparison of cholinesterase assay measurements AN - 16778233; 3741999 AB - Twelve wildlife toxicology laboratories participated in an interlaboratory survey of cholinesterase (ChE) assays to determine comparability of absolute ChE values and estimates of ChE inhibition from organophosphorus insecticide-dosed birds and to examine the type and consistency of methods employed by laboratories for the measurement of ChE. Supernatants of brain from northern bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus) were prepared from untreated (UT) and methyl parathion (MP)-treated birds (5 mg/kg). Assays also were conducted on a commercial preparation of acetylcholinesterase from an electric eel. All laboratories performed the ChE assays using the colorimetric assay with temperature and read times varying by laboratory. There was substantial variation in the results of ChE analyses among participating laboratories. The ChE values from untreated birds ranged from 2.6 to 28.0 mu mol acetylthiocholine iodide (ACTI) hydrolyzed/min/mg tissue (mean = 14.8 SD = 7.1). For the MP-treated group, ChE activity values showed a range of 1.5 to 15.3 mu mol ACTI hydrolyzed/min/mg tissue (mean = 8.1, SD = 3.9). Percent inhibition values of MP-treated compared to untreated birds ranged from 37 to 51% for reported results and 37 to 49% for corrected data (activity calculated from reported absorbance data). Laboratories were most consistent in their estimates of percent inhibition of ChE activity. Differences among laboratories were partially explained by differences in the methods employed for the analysis of ChE. Assay temperature and duration appeared to affect the absolute values the most. However, differences in reported ChE activity values existed even when methods were very similar. These results do not support the concept of using published normal ChE values from other laboratories to assess ChE inhibition in field-collected samples. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Marden, B T AU - Fairbrother, A AU - Bennett, J K AD - U.S. EPA Environ. Res. Lab, 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 1761 EP - 1768 VL - 13 IS - 11 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - laboratory methods KW - organophosphorus compounds KW - cholinesterase KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Colinus virginianus KW - wildlife KW - brain KW - insecticides KW - toxicology KW - bioassays KW - standards KW - Aves KW - X 24222:Analytical procedures KW - N3 11103:Nonmammalian vertebrates KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16778233?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Interlaboratory+comparison+of+cholinesterase+assay+measurements&rft.au=Marden%2C+B+T%3BFairbrother%2C+A%3BBennett%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=Marden&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1761&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Colinus virginianus; Aves; wildlife; laboratory methods; insecticides; organophosphorus compounds; bioassays; toxicology; standards; brain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rationale and derivation of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's inhalation reference concentration for styrene AN - 16778113; 3740079 AB - Scientific aspects of derivation of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's inhalation reference concentration (RfC) for styrene are presented and discussed. The current RfC for styrene is 1 mg/m super(3) based on neurotoxicity in humans. The adverse effects noted were deficits in intellectual function, memory, and reaction times, as reported in a study in which workers were exposed to styrene for an average of 8.6 yr. The rationale and decision process for choice of these effects and this study for derivation of the RfC are examined. Difficulties encountered during this derivation, including problems inherent in occupational studies, interpretation of neurotoxic effects in humans, and issues regarding portal-of-entry effects and adversity in animal studies, are also discussed. JF - TOXIC SUBST. J. AU - Foureman, G L AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Criteria and Assess. Off. (MD-52), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 283 EP - 302 VL - 13 IS - 4 SN - 0199-3178, 0199-3178 KW - styrene KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - inhalation KW - neurotoxicity KW - standards KW - USA KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - H SE4.20:POISONS AND POISONING UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16778113?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TOXIC+SUBST.+J.&rft.atitle=Rationale+and+derivation+of+the+U.S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency%27s+inhalation+reference+concentration+for+styrene&rft.au=Foureman%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Foureman&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=TOXIC+SUBST.+J.&rft.issn=01993178&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; styrene; inhalation; standards; neurotoxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ozone dose and effect in humans and rats: A comparison using oxygen-18 labeling and bronchoalveolar lavage AN - 16777757; 3734941 AB - In an effort to improve risk assessments for ozone (O sub(3)) we compared the incorporation of inhaled oxygen-18-labeled O sub(3) ( super(18)O sub(3)) into the lungs of humans and laboratory rats. Cells and fluids obtainable through bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were examined after exposure to super(18)O sub(3) to determine whether excess super(18)O concentrations (presumed to be reaction products of super(18)O sub(3)) could be detected and equated to the O sub(3) dose to the lung. Three O sub(3) effect measurements (increased BAL protein and neutrophils and decreased BAL macrophages) were also made in subjects or animals exposed in parallel to determine whether there was a correspondence between dose and effect measurements. Eight human male volunteers 18 to 35 yr of age were exposed to super(18)O sub(3) (0.4 ppm for 2 h) with 15-min alternating periods of heavy treadmill exercise and rest. Rats (F344) were exposed identically, except without exercise. super(18)O sub(3) was generated directly from pure super(18)O sub(2). BAL cells and centrifugally separable surfactant material were freeze-dried and analyzed by mass spectrometer for excess super(18)O. Results showed that the exercising humans had four- to fivefold higher super(18)O concentrations in all of their BAL constituents than did the rats. The humans also had significant increases in all of the effects markers after 0.4 ppm O sub(3), whereas the rats did not. Rats that were exposed to higher concentrations of super(18)O sub(3) (2.0 ppm) had levels of super(18)O in BAL that were more comparable to but still lower than those of exercising humans. Changes in all of the effects markers in these rats were comparable or higher than in exercising humans. Therefore, it appears that O sub(3) toxicity in resting rats underestimates effects in exercising humans because rats have a lower than expected dose of O sub(3) to the distal lung. The dose and effect linkage between rats and humans should improve extrapolation of animal toxicity data to humans. JF - American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine AU - Hatch, GE AU - Slade, R AU - Harris, L P AU - McDonnell, W F AU - Devlin, R B AU - Koren, H S AU - Costa, D L AU - McKee, J AD - MD-82 U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 676 EP - 683 VL - 150 IS - 3 SN - 1073-449X, 1073-449X KW - man KW - ozone KW - rats KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - environmental conditions KW - troposphere KW - risk assessment KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16777757?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Respiratory+and+Critical+Care+Medicine&rft.atitle=Ozone+dose+and+effect+in+humans+and+rats%3A+A+comparison+using+oxygen-18+labeling+and+bronchoalveolar+lavage&rft.au=Hatch%2C+GE%3BSlade%2C+R%3BHarris%2C+L+P%3BMcDonnell%2C+W+F%3BDevlin%2C+R+B%3BKoren%2C+H+S%3BCosta%2C+D+L%3BMcKee%2C+J&rft.aulast=Hatch&rft.aufirst=GE&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=150&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=676&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Respiratory+and+Critical+Care+Medicine&rft.issn=1073449X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ozone; risk assessment; environmental conditions; troposphere; rats; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Complexation of arsenic species in rabbit erythrocytes AN - 16777531; 3743857 AB - The binding of arsenite, As(III), and arsenate, As(V), by molecules in the intracellular compartment of rabbit erythrocytes has been studied by super(1)H- and super(31)P-NMR spectroscopy, uptake of super(73)As, and ultrafiltration experiments. For intact erythrocytes to which 0.1-0.4 mM arsenite was added, direct evidence was obtained for entry of 76% within 1/2 h and subsequent binding of As(III) by intracellular glutathione and induced changes in the hemoglobin structure (NMR), likely due to binding of As(III). These results were compared with the effect of addition of As(V) on intact erythrocytes and revealed that a smaller amount of As(V) ( similar to 25%) enters the cells; the main fraction of As(V) enters the phosphate pathway, depletes ATP, and increases P sub(i). In contrast, As(III) did not affect the ATP level. Both super(1)H- and super(31)P-NMR data indicated striking differences between As(III) and As(V) behavior when incubated with rabbit erythrocytes. These differences were confirmed by super(73)As uptake and binding experiments. meso-2,3-Dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), a dithiol ligand, released glutathione from its arsenite complexes in erythrocytes. JF - Chemical Research in Toxicology AU - Delnomdedieu, M AU - Basti, M M AU - Styblo, M AU - Otvos, J D AU - Thomas, D J AD - Cent. Environ. Med., U.S. EPA-HERL MD 74, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 621 EP - 627 VL - 7 IS - 5 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - arsenic KW - rabbits KW - arsenite KW - arsenate KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - erythrocytes KW - X 24163:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16777531?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Research+in+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Complexation+of+arsenic+species+in+rabbit+erythrocytes&rft.au=Delnomdedieu%2C+M%3BBasti%2C+M+M%3BStyblo%2C+M%3BOtvos%2C+J+D%3BThomas%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Delnomdedieu&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=621&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Research+in+Toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - erythrocytes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - QSARs for photoinduced toxicity: 1. Acute lethality of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to Daphnia magna AN - 16774963; 3538301 AB - Research with a variety of aquatic species has shown that while polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are generally not acutely toxic in conventional laboratory tests, many are extremely toxic in the presence of sunlight. In an effort to develop a model for predicting which PAHs may exhibit photo-induced toxicity, Newsted and Giesy (1987) reported a parabolic relationship between the toxicity and the energy of the triplet state of a variety of PAHs. We have reexamined these data and propose a more mechanistic explanation for the prediction of photo-induced PAH toxicity. Photo-induced toxicity is the result of competing processes such as stability and light absorbance which interact to produce a complex, multilinear relationship between toxicity and chemical structure. We sought a molecular descriptor which could be computed from structure rather than measured empirically. We found that a measure of the energy stabilization of the toxicant in the form of the HOMO-LUMO (Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital - Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital) gap provided a useful index to explain the persistence, light absorption, and photo-induced toxicity of PAHs. The model clearly shows, for example, why phenanthrene and tetracene are not toxic while anthracene is highly phototoxic. Those PAHs exhibiting photo-induced toxicity were consistently within HOMO-LUMO gap "window" of 7.2 plus or minus 0.4 eV. JF - Chemosphere AU - Mekenyan, O G AU - Ankley, G T AU - Veith, G D AU - Call, D J AD - U.S. EPA, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 567 EP - 582 VL - 28 IS - 3 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Daphnia magna KW - acute toxicity KW - aquatic environments KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - environmental effects KW - freshwater crustaceans KW - lethal effects KW - lethality KW - model studies KW - phototoxicity KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - sunlight KW - toxicity tests KW - water pollution effects KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - toxicity KW - water pollution KW - hydrocarbons KW - aquatic environment KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16774963?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=QSARs+for+photoinduced+toxicity%3A+1.+Acute+lethality+of+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons+to+Daphnia+magna&rft.au=Mekenyan%2C+O+G%3BAnkley%2C+G+T%3BVeith%2C+G+D%3BCall%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Mekenyan&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=567&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxicity; hydrocarbons; toxicity tests; lethal effects; freshwater crustaceans; water pollution; aquatic environment; aromatic hydrocarbons; environmental effects; acute toxicity; phototoxicity; lethality; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; sunlight; model studies; water pollution effects; Daphnia magna; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating health risks from occupational exposure to pesticides and the regulatory response AN - 16769291; 3733425 AB - The authors used measurements of occupational exposures to pesticides in agriculture to evaluate health and analyzed how the federal regulatory program is addressing these risks. Dose estimates developed by the State of California from measured occupational exposures to 41 pesticides were compared to standard indices of acute toxicity (LD sub(50)) and chronic effects (reference dose). Lifetime cancer risks were estimated using cancer potencies. Estimated absorbed daily doses from mixers, loaders, and applicators of pesticides ranged from less than 0.0001% to 48% of the estimated human LD sub(50) values, and doses for 10 of 40 pesticides exceeded 1% of the estimated human LD sub(50) values. Estimated lifetime absorbed daily doses ranged from 0.1% to 114,000% of the reference dose developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and doses for 13 of 25 pesticides were above them. Lifetime cancer risks ranged from 1 per million to 1700 per million, and estimates for 12 of 13 pesticides were above 1 per million. Similar results were obtained for field workers and flaggers. For the pesticides examined, exposures pose greater risks of chronic effects than acute effects. Reviews of pesticides by the federal pesticide regulatory program have had little effect on occupational risks. Policy strategies that offer immediate protection for workers and that are not dependent on extensive review of individual pesticides should be pursued. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Woodruff, T J AU - Kyle, AD AU - Bois, F Y AD - EPA, MS 2126, 401 M St. SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 1088 EP - 1096 VL - 102 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - federal regulations KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - toxicity KW - occupational exposure KW - agriculture KW - dose-response effects KW - safety regulations KW - pesticides KW - cancer KW - R2 23090:Policy and planning KW - R2 23080:Industrial and labor KW - H SE5.5:STANDARDS, LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND POLICY KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - H SE2.5:STANDARDS, LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND POLICY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16769291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Evaluating+health+risks+from+occupational+exposure+to+pesticides+and+the+regulatory+response&rft.au=Woodruff%2C+T+J%3BKyle%2C+AD%3BBois%2C+F+Y&rft.aulast=Woodruff&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1088&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; pesticides; occupational exposure; federal regulations; dose-response effects; cancer; toxicity; safety regulations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The influence of sediment extract fractionation methods on bioassay results AN - 16769236; 3733414 AB - Four bioassays [Microtox super(TM), Mutatox super(TM), sister chromatid exchange (SCE), and metabolic cooperation] were used to analyze marine sediment extract fractionated by two different methods: silica gel column chromatography and acid-base fractionation. Results indicated that a sediment extract fractionated with different methods can lead to different conclusions about the same sediment. This research also further evaluated the new, mutagenic, bacterial bioassay Mutatox. Mutatox generally correlated with SCE and the Salmonella typhimurium assays. This rapid, operationally simple bioassay has potential as a screening bioassay to detect genotoxic agents. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Water Quality AU - Ho, K T AU - Mills, L J AU - Mueller, C AU - Anderson, S C AU - Malcolm, A R AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 27 Tarzwell Dr., Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 145 EP - 154 VL - 9 IS - 2 SN - 1053-4725, 1053-4725 KW - Microtox super(TM) tests KW - genotoxicity KW - marine environments KW - bioassay KW - marine sediments KW - sediment pollution KW - bioassays KW - fractionation KW - sister chromatid exchange KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - toxicity KW - sediments KW - marine environment KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - X 24222:Analytical procedures KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16769236?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Water+Quality&rft.atitle=The+influence+of+sediment+extract+fractionation+methods+on+bioassay+results&rft.au=Ho%2C+K+T%3BMills%2C+L+J%3BMueller%2C+C%3BAnderson%2C+S+C%3BMalcolm%2C+A+R&rft.aulast=Ho&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Water+Quality&rft.issn=10534725&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioassay; marine sediments; toxicity; sediments; marine environment; sediment pollution; bioassays; fractionation; genotoxicity; sister chromatid exchange ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Salinity and temperature effects on chronic toxicity of 2,4-dinitrophenol and 4-nitrophenol to sheepshead minnows (Cyprinodon variegatus) AN - 16768966; 3533385 AB - Toxicity tests (28-d early-life-stage) were conducted to determine the effects of nine combinations of salinity (15, 20, 25 ppt) and temperature (22, 27, 32 degree C) on the toxicity of 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) and 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) to sheepshead minnows (Cyprinodon variegatus). The highest tested concentration having no observed effect (NOEC) on mortality and growth was derived weekly. The NOECs at test termination indicated that the survival and growth of fish exposed to 2,4-dinitrophenol were not significantly affected by salinity, temperature, or the salinity temperature interaction. However, 28-d NOECs of fish surviving from 4-nitrophenol exposures were significantly affected by temperature, but the highest value exceeded the lowest by only a factor of two. The overall data suggest that variations of salinity and temperature do not change the NOEC; only the exposure time required to attain the same NOEC is altered. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Linton, T K AU - Mayer, F L AU - Simon, T L AU - Malone, JA AU - Marking, L L AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Sabine Island, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 85 EP - 92 VL - 13 IS - 1 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - 2,4-dinitrophenol KW - p-nitrophenol KW - chronic toxicity KW - salinity KW - temperature KW - Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - Cyprinodon variegatus KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16768966?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Salinity+and+temperature+effects+on+chronic+toxicity+of+2%2C4-dinitrophenol+and+4-nitrophenol+to+sheepshead+minnows+%28Cyprinodon+variegatus%29&rft.au=Linton%2C+T+K%3BMayer%2C+F+L%3BSimon%2C+T+L%3BMalone%2C+JA%3BMarking%2C+L+L&rft.aulast=Linton&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cyprinodon variegatus; salinity; temperature; toxicity testing; chronic toxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of respiratory irritancy from inhaled methyl tertiary butyl ether in mice AN - 16767866; 3737474 AB - The Clean Air Act Amendments require the use of oxygenated fuels in the winter months to reduce carbon monoxide levels in areas of the country that exceed national health standards for carbon monoxide. Methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE, CAS number 1634-04-4) is the most widely used fuel additive for this purpose. During implementation, people in a few areas of the country reported nose, eye, and throat irritation. To evaluate the potential for MTBE to produce symptoms indicative of sensory irritation, mice were tested using a standard bioassay. Concentration-response data obtained from 1-h exposures to MTBE between 300 and 30,000 mg/m super(3) revealed that slight to severe sensory irritation occurred with exposure to all concentrations. At the highest concentration both sensory and pulmonary irritation was observed, indicative of acute lung injury. However, lung lavage protein and lactate dehydrogenase measurements did not support this contention. Respiratory rate was predicted by linear interpolation to be decreased by 50% (RD50) at 16,600 mg/m super(3) MTBE. Some experts suggest that 3% of the RD50 (in this case 500 mg/m super(3)) would not cause significant sensory (i.e., discomforting) irritation. Since this estimate is at least an order of magnitude greater than typical peak atmospheric exposure levels during refueling, the data would suggest that few healthy individuals would experience sensory irritation during transient exposures to MTBE. JF - Inhalation Toxicology AU - Tepper, J S AU - Jackson, M C AU - McGee, J K AU - Costa, D L AU - Graham, JA AD - Pulm. Toxicol. Branch, Environ. Toxicol. Div., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 563 EP - 570 VL - 6 IS - 6 SN - 0895-8378, 0895-8378 KW - methyl tert-butyl ether KW - mice KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - lung KW - inhalation KW - irritation KW - nose KW - eye KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16767866?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Inhalation+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+respiratory+irritancy+from+inhaled+methyl+tertiary+butyl+ether+in+mice&rft.au=Tepper%2C+J+S%3BJackson%2C+M+C%3BMcGee%2C+J+K%3BCosta%2C+D+L%3BGraham%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Tepper&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=563&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Inhalation+Toxicology&rft.issn=08958378&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - inhalation; irritation; lung; eye; nose ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Policies for the efficient reduction of carbon dioxide emissions AN - 16765861; 3535682 AB - This paper reviews issues that affect the design and implementation of efficient plans to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Arguments in favour of market mechanisms as opposed to command-and-control regulations are evaluated, the performance of alternative market instruments is assessed, and the question of timing is addressed. JF - International Journal of Global Energy Issues AU - Leary, NA AU - Scheraga, J D AD - Climate Change Div., Office Policy, Plann. and Eval., US EPA, 401 M St. SW, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 102 EP - 111 VL - 6 IS - 1-2 SN - 0954-7118, 0954-7118 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - government policies KW - USA KW - emission control KW - climatic changes KW - carbon dioxide KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16765861?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Global+Energy+Issues&rft.atitle=Policies+for+the+efficient+reduction+of+carbon+dioxide+emissions&rft.au=Leary%2C+NA%3BScheraga%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Leary&rft.aufirst=NA&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=102&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Global+Energy+Issues&rft.issn=09547118&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; government policies; emission control; carbon dioxide; climatic changes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - NAFTA's repercussions: Is green trade possible? AN - 16764614; 3527167 AB - The North American Free Trade Agreement has generated a storm of controversy both within and outside the environmental movement. Some critics think that NAFTA is too green; others complain that it does not go far enough toward protecting North America's environment from the effects of free trade. This analysis of the environmental provisions in NAFTA and its side agreements examines the new trade relationships and institutions created by NAFTA and whether they are likely to bring the world one step closer to green trade. JF - Environment (Washington DC) AU - Magraw, D AD - US EPA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 14 EP - 20, 39 VL - 36 IS - 2 SN - 0013-9157, 0013-9157 KW - NAFTA KW - trade KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - federal regulations KW - environmental protection KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16764614?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+%28Washington+DC%29&rft.atitle=NAFTA%27s+repercussions%3A+Is+green+trade+possible%3F&rft.au=Magraw%2C+D&rft.aulast=Magraw&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+%28Washington+DC%29&rft.issn=00139157&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - federal regulations; environmental protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lithium: A review of its pharmacokinetics, health effects, and toxicology AN - 16763425; 3741214 AB - Lithium (Li) is commonly used in treating bipolar disease. Therapeutic concentrations of lithium have almost no psychotropic effects in normal man. It is not a sedative, depressant, or euphoriant and this characteristic differentiates lithium from other psychotropic agents. Prospective epidemiologic studies demonstrate that lithium carbonate in therapeutic oral doses with the plasma level between 1.2 and 1.5 meq/L (225 to 676 mg of lithium) do not cause diabetes insipidus, urine output increases in men to 3 liters; GFR does not significantly increase; creatinine clearance remains stable in women but decreases in men; renal concentrating capacity is significantly reduced; calcium metabolism is altered by lowering urinary calcium excretion and increasing serum calcium concentrations, thereby increasing circulating PTH. In pregnancy Li causes an increase in high perinatal death rate and a high malformation rate. The use of lithium in early pregnancy is associated with a several fold increase in the incidence of cardiovascular anomalies in the newborn, tricuspid valve abnormalities. The woman on lithium therapy who attempts to become pregnant should notify her physician. Careful monitoring of blood lithium levels must be done every three days. JF - Journal of Environmental Pathology, Toxicology and Oncology AU - Marcus, W L AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 73 EP - 79 VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 0731-8898, 0731-8898 KW - man KW - lithium KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - side effects KW - drinking water KW - X 24114:Metabolism KW - H SE4.28:PHARMACEUTICALS KW - X 24113:Side effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16763425?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Pathology%2C+Toxicology+and+Oncology&rft.atitle=Lithium%3A+A+review+of+its+pharmacokinetics%2C+health+effects%2C+and+toxicology&rft.au=Marcus%2C+W+L&rft.aulast=Marcus&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Pathology%2C+Toxicology+and+Oncology&rft.issn=07318898&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - lithium; side effects; drinking water; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on humoral immunity and lymphocyte subpopulations: Differences between mice and rats AN - 16762757; 3731644 AB - While the effect that TCDD has on humoral immunity has been well documented for the mouse, it has not been for the rat. In this study, the effect that TCDD has on the antibody plaque-forming cell (PFC) response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) in adult female B6C3F1 mice and F344 rats was compared. The effect that TCDD has on the PFC response of male F344 and female Long-Evans rats was also determined. Mice or rats were given a single intraperitoneal injection of TCDD at doses ranging from 0.1 to 30 mu g/kg, 7 days prior to intravenous immunization with SRBC. Four days later the PFC response to SRBC was determined. Mice showed a dose-related suppression of the PFC response, with an ED50 of 0.7 mu g/kg TCDD. In contrast, TCDD failed to suppress and in fact enhanced the PFC response to SRBC in rats at doses as high as 30 mu g/kg. The inability of TCDD to suppress the PFC response in rats was unrelated to hepatic CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 induction which was detectable at doses of 1 and 0.3 mu g/kg TCDD, respectively. There was no shift in the time to peak PFC response in rats dosed with TCDD, nor was the failure of TCDD to suppress the PFC response in rats related to gender or strain. Phenotypic analysis of thymocytes and splenic lymphocytes from TCDD-dosed (i.e., 3, 10, or 30 mu g/kg) and SRBC-immunized mice and rats revealed that CD4 super(-)CD8 super(+) splenocytes were reduced in a dose-related manner in rats only and that this reduction in CD4 super(-)CD8 super(+) was accompanied by a dose-related increase in IgM super(+) splenocytes. These results demonstrate species differences in the effect of TCDD on the PFC response to SRBC which were unrelated to hepatic CYP1A1 or CYP1A2 induction, time to peak response, gender, and strain. The failure of TCDD to suppress and in fact to enhance the PFC response to SRBC in rats appears to be related to alterations in splenic CD4 super(-)CD8 super(+) lymphocytes. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Smialowicz, R J AU - Riddle, M M AU - Williams, W C AU - Diliberto, J J AD - MD-92, Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 248 EP - 256 VL - 124 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - TCDD KW - mice KW - rats KW - Immunology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - populations KW - lymphocytes KW - immunomodulation KW - immunity (humoral) KW - X 24155:Biochemistry KW - F 06786:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16762757?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+%28TCDD%29+on+humoral+immunity+and+lymphocyte+subpopulations%3A+Differences+between+mice+and+rats&rft.au=Smialowicz%2C+R+J%3BRiddle%2C+M+M%3BWilliams%2C+W+C%3BDiliberto%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Smialowicz&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=124&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=248&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - immunity (humoral); lymphocytes; populations; immunomodulation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutation spectra in Salmonella of complex mixtures: Comparison of urban air to benzo[a]pyrene AN - 16758044; 3725642 AB - We used an ion-exchange procedure coupled to the Salmonella assay to fractionate the dichloromethane-extractable particulate organics from an urban air sample collected in Boise, Idaho. A resulting base/neutral fraction contained 81% of the mutagenic activity but only 36% of the mass of the unfractionated sample. Chemical analysis showed that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) accounted for much of the mutagenic activity of the air sample. Colony probe hybridization, PCR, and DNA sequence analysis were then used to determine the mutations induced by the complex mixtures and a model PAH, benzo[a]pyrene (BAP) in similar to 900 revertants of the frameshift hisD3052 allele and similar to 400 revertants of the base-substitution his G46 allele. The majority (93-94%) of the mutations induced at the frameshift allele in strain TA98 by the whole or base/neutral fraction of the urban air sample was a hotspot 2-base deletion of a CG or GC within the sequence CGCGCGCG. The remaining mutations were complex frameshifts that consisted of -2 or +1 frameshifts associated with a flanking base substitution. BAP induced a somewhat similar pattern of mutations, with 70% being the hotspot mutation, 23% being complex frameshifts, and the remaining being deletions. The inferred base-substitution specificity associated with the complex frameshifts at the hisD3052 allele (primarily G-C arrow right T-A transversions) was consistent with the observation that this same transversion was the primary mutation induced by the whole urban air sample and BAP at the base-substitution allele in strain TA100. At the frameshift allele, adducts that promote correct incorporation/slippage could account for hotspot mutations, whereas those that promote misincorporation/slippage could account for complex frameshifts. At the base-substitution allele, a mixture of adducts or of adducts with multiple conformations could account for the observed proportion of transitions and transversions. Combined with the bioassay-directed chemical analysis, these results from the first mutation spectra of a complex mixture suggest that such spectra reflect the dominance of particular classes of chemical mutagens within the mixture. JF - Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis AU - DeMarini, D M AU - Shelton, M L AU - Bell, DA AD - U.S. EPA (MD-68A), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 262 EP - 275 VL - 24 IS - 4 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - complex mixtures KW - benzo(a)pyrene KW - urban environments KW - urban areas KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - mutagenicity KW - air pollution KW - Salmonella KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - X 24155:Biochemistry KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - G 07221:Specific chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16758044?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Mutation+spectra+in+Salmonella+of+complex+mixtures%3A+Comparison+of+urban+air+to+benzo%5Ba%5Dpyrene&rft.au=DeMarini%2C+D+M%3BShelton%2C+M+L%3BBell%2C+DA&rft.aulast=DeMarini&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=262&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Salmonella; mutagenicity; air pollution; urban areas; urban environments ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aquatic safety of Lagenidium giganteum: Effects on freshwater fish and invertebrates AN - 16744556; 3724361 AB - Eleven freshwater species were exposed to a zoosporeproducing fungus, Lagenidium giganteum, with the goal of determining species sensitivity with standard and new test procedures. The tests included standard, 4-day acute exposures of cladocerans (Ceriodaphnia dubia, Daphnia pulex, and D. magna) and the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). Standard 7-day chronic exposures of C. dubia and a 7-day embryo-larval exposure of P. promelas were also conducted. New, 4-day acute, methods were developed for mosquitos (Aedes aegypti), chironomids (Chironomus sp.) oligochaetes (Lumbriculus sp.), cyclopid copepods, snalis (Physa sp.), hydrozoans (Hydra sp.), and ostracods. To assess L. giganteum zoospore (z) infectivity, each test included daily bioassays with the mosquito (A. aegypti), a target organism. Four-day A. aegypti LC sub(50)s ranged from 81 to 516 z/ml. Ceriodaphnia dubia acute test LC sub(50)s were as low as 6700 z/ml and the 96-hr LC sub(50) from the chronic test was near 6250 z/ml with reproductive impairment at 12,500 z/ml. Daphnia sp. were also susceptible, with LC sub(50)s near 7700 z/ml for D. pulex and 9400 z/ml for D. magna. Chironomus tentans was infected at concentrations of greater than or equal to 5000 z/ml, but mortality was low and an LC sub(50) could not be calculated even after exposures to 50,000 z/ml. The 7-day, early life stage test with P. promelas produced reduced larva growth in most treatments. Several species (Hydra sp., L. variegatus, ostracoda, copepoda, Physa sp., and P. promelas) were not affected in acute tests at exposures of 50,000 z/ml. The data show, contrary to many reports, that L. giganteum may affect some nontarget aquatic species. The key to successful laboratory tests is monitoring and maintaining the zoospores' infection capacity. JF - Journal of Invertebrate Pathology AU - Nestrud, L B AU - Anderson, R L AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 228 EP - 233 VL - 64 IS - 3 SN - 0022-2011, 0022-2011 KW - freshwater ecology KW - health and safety KW - microbial pesticides KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicity tests KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Entomology Abstracts; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Aedes aegypti KW - Chironomidae KW - Freshwater KW - chemical control KW - Pisces KW - biotechnology KW - Lagenidium giganteum KW - pest control KW - Chironomus tentans KW - biological control KW - bioassays KW - Culicidae KW - safety regulations KW - pesticides KW - Diptera KW - microorganisms KW - Q4 27330:Fish culture KW - Z 05182:Pathology KW - A 01069:Antimicrobial & microbiocidal KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - W2 32445:Pest control KW - Q1 08485:Species interactions: pests and control KW - K 03088:Fungi: animal KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16744556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Invertebrate+Pathology&rft.atitle=Aquatic+safety+of+Lagenidium+giganteum%3A+Effects+on+freshwater+fish+and+invertebrates&rft.au=Nestrud%2C+L+B%3BAnderson%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Nestrud&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=228&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Invertebrate+Pathology&rft.issn=00222011&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biotechnology; health and safety; biological control; pest control; freshwater ecology; safety regulations; bioassays; toxicity tests; pesticides; chemical control; microorganisms; toxicity testing; Pisces; Chironomidae; Aedes aegypti; Lagenidium giganteum; Chironomus tentans; Culicidae; Diptera; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of sample surveys for monitoring the condition of the nation's lakes AN - 16741675; 3721149 AB - In order to meet a growing need to determine the condition of the nation's ecosystems and how their condition is changing, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) developed EMAP, the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program. A common survey design serves as the foundation on which to base monitoring of status and trends among diverse ecosystem types. In this paper, we describe the need for a statistically based survey design, briefly summarize the basic EMAP design, describe how that design is tailored for the selection of a probability sample of lakes on which to make measurements of lake condition, and illustrate the process for selecting a sample of lakes in the northeastern United States. Finally, we illustrate how measurements taken on the sample of lakes can be summarized, with known uncertainty, to describe the condition of a population of lakes. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Larsen, D P AU - Thornton, K W AU - Urquhart, N S AU - Paulsen, S G AD - U.S. EPA Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 101 EP - 134 VL - 32 IS - 2 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - EPA KW - environmental monitoring KW - government policy KW - monitoring KW - pollution monitoring KW - research priorities KW - research programs KW - sampling KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - lakes KW - ecosystems KW - Freshwater KW - environmental protection KW - statistical analysis KW - USA KW - surveys KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08501:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16741675?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=The+role+of+sample+surveys+for+monitoring+the+condition+of+the+nation%27s+lakes&rft.au=Larsen%2C+D+P%3BThornton%2C+K+W%3BUrquhart%2C+N+S%3BPaulsen%2C+S+G&rft.aulast=Larsen&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pollution monitoring; environmental monitoring; monitoring; sampling; statistical analysis; lakes; surveys; research programs; ecosystems; environmental protection; EPA; research priorities; USA; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of ultraviolet light on the toxicity of sediments contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons AN - 16737421; 3715088 AB - Standard 10-d toxicity tests were conducted with freshwater benthic invertebrates using sediments containing a range of concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The assays were performed both under normal laboratory fluorescent light and ultraviolet (UV) light, which mimicked wavelengths present in sunlight, at about 10% of ambient solar intensity. In sediments with elevated PAH concentrations, tests conducted with UV light resulted in significantly greater mortality of Hyalella azteca (amphipods) and Lumbriculus variegatus (oligochaetes) than tests performed under otherwise comparable conditions with fluorescent light. There also was increased mortality of these two species, relative to controls, when surviving organisms from the 10-d exposures to the PAH-contaminated sediments were placed in clean water under UV light for 2 h. These results suggest that the organisms accumulated PAHs from the test sediments, which were subsequently photo-activated by UV light to excited states more toxic than the ground-state molecules. The phenomenon of photoactivation has been examined for pelagic species exposed to PAHs, but not for benthic organisms exposed to sediment-associated PAHs. Our results suggest that failure to consider photoactivation of PAHs by sunlight could result in sediment toxicity test methods or criteria that are underprotective of benthic organisms. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Ankley, G T AU - Collyard, SA AU - Monson, P D AU - Kosian, P A AD - U.S. EPA, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 1791 EP - 1796 VL - 13 IS - 11 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Hyalella azteca KW - Lumbriculus variegatus KW - U.V. radiation KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - invertebrates KW - light effects KW - photoactivation KW - pollution effects KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - sediment pollution KW - sediment-water interface KW - sediment-water interfaces KW - synergism KW - toxicity testing KW - ultraviolet radiation KW - water pollution effects KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - toxicity KW - hydrocarbons KW - benthos KW - sediments KW - water pollution KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16737421?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Influence+of+ultraviolet+light+on+the+toxicity+of+sediments+contaminated+with+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons&rft.au=Ankley%2C+G+T%3BCollyard%2C+SA%3BMonson%2C+P+D%3BKosian%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1791&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - light effects; sediment-water interface; toxicity; synergism; sediments; hydrocarbons; benthos; sediment pollution; pollution effects; water pollution; aromatic hydrocarbons; ultraviolet radiation; toxicity testing; U.V. radiation; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; photoactivation; sediment-water interfaces; water pollution effects; invertebrates; Hyalella azteca; Lumbriculus variegatus; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of vertical distribution and morphology of indigenous organic matter at Sleeping Bear site, Michigan AN - 16732918; 3718434 AB - This study evaluates the nature and origin of particulate organic carbon and organic coatings on aquifer sands upgradient from a fuel spill site near the Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore in Michigan. The distribution of carbon was found to be highly complex due to the occurrence of high organic carbon horizons, bounded above and below by high carbonate sediments. The organic coatings on the sands were examined using white light and fluorescence microscopy and by scanning electron microscopy. Core samples were analyzed for organic and inorganic carbon, solution pH, humic/fulvic acid ratios, and insoluble organic matter content (that is, humin) as a function of depth from the ground surface. The organic geochemistry of the soil profile at this site was found to be significantly influenced by the carbonates producing a sharp boundary of precipitated organic matter. This boundary was followed by coatings of predominantly fulvic acid salts on mineral grains deeper in the soil column. The coatings extended into the aquifer. The existence of native organic films on sand grains is well documented in the soils literature. The study reported here was greatly aided by this information and provides the framework for future studies concerning the influence of carbon distribution, chemical identity, and morphology on contaminant fate and transport processes. JF - Environmental Geology AU - West, C C AU - Lyon, W G AU - Ross, D L AU - Pennington, L K AD - U.S. EPA, Robert S. Kerr Environ. Res. Lab., P.O. Box 1198, Ada, OK 74821-1198, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 176 EP - 187 VL - 24 IS - 3 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - USA, Michigan, Sleeping Bear Dunes Natl. Lakeshore KW - aquifers KW - fate KW - fulvic acids KW - glacial drift KW - particulate organic matter KW - pollutant persistence KW - soil chemistry KW - soil profiles KW - vertical distribution KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - organic matter KW - Freshwater KW - humic acids KW - carbon KW - oil spills KW - geochemistry KW - USA, Michigan L. KW - microscopy KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16732918?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+vertical+distribution+and+morphology+of+indigenous+organic+matter+at+Sleeping+Bear+site%2C+Michigan&rft.au=West%2C+C+C%3BLyon%2C+W+G%3BRoss%2C+D+L%3BPennington%2C+L+K&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=176&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; oil spills; pollutant persistence; microscopy; particulate organic matter; vertical distribution; fulvic acids; organic matter; humic acids; geochemistry; fate; aquifers; soil chemistry; glacial drift; USA, Michigan L.; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Induction of maturation and spawning of pink shrimp, Penaeus duorarum, by changing water temperature, and survival and growth of young AN - 16728921; 3713037 AB - Field surveys of Penaeus duorarum have frequently observed co-occurrence of rising water temperatures, reproductive maturation and appearance of larval stages of the shrimp. This study investigated the use of water temperature changes, instead of eye enucleation, to induce maturation and spawning of pink shrimp fed only a compounded diet. The shrimp responded rapidly to changes in water temperature, spawning repeatedly within 7 to 14 days after water temperature was decreased to 20 plus or minus 1 degree C and then increased to 28 degree C in the 1.2-meter-diameter, recirculating system. Survival to protozoea ranged from 83 to 97% and to post-larvae averaged 83 plus or minus 3.2% when fed the diatom Chaetoceros gracilis. During the first 2 months, post-larvae grew from 0.072 mg to 109 mg. JF - Aquaculture AU - Cripe, G M AD - U.S. EPA, 1 Sabine Island Dr., Environ. Res. Lab., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 255 EP - 260 VL - 128 IS - 314 SN - 0044-8486, 0044-8486 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts KW - Marine KW - crustacean larvae KW - Penaeus duorarum KW - induced breeding KW - shrimp culture KW - spawning KW - water temperature KW - sexual maturity KW - Q3 08583:Shellfish culture KW - Q1 08583:Shellfish culture KW - O 5060:Aquaculture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16728921?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquaculture&rft.atitle=Induction+of+maturation+and+spawning+of+pink+shrimp%2C+Penaeus+duorarum%2C+by+changing+water+temperature%2C+and+survival+and+growth+of+young&rft.au=Cripe%2C+G+M&rft.aulast=Cripe&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=314&rft.spage=255&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquaculture&rft.issn=00448486&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crustacean larvae; induced breeding; shrimp culture; water temperature; spawning; sexual maturity; Penaeus duorarum; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of cluster and principal component analyses to profile areas in California where ground water has been contaminated by pesticides AN - 16728434; 3710649 AB - An empirical approach to profiling areas of ground water contamination by pesticides was devised that did not rely upon determining the level of vulnerability between land areas and that did not assume any particular pathway for ground water contamination. Climatic and soil data were obtained for 1-square mile sections of land in California where pesticide residues had been found in well water samples and the detection was attributed to legal agricultural applications. These sections were designated as known contaminated (KC) sections. Climate and soil data were also obtained for sections which lacked either well sampling data or a positive pesticide detection. These sections were designated as candidate sections. Statistical procedures were used to cluster groups of KC sections first with respect to climate characteristics and then with respect to soil characteristics. Principal components analysis (PCA) was used to construct a statistical profile of soil variables for each cluster of KC sections. A method based on the PCA was developed to compare the similarity of soil profiles derived for each KC section cluster to individual candidate sections. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Troiano, J AU - Johnson, B R AU - Powell, S AU - Schoenig, S AD - Environ. Monitor. and Pest Manage. Prog., California Dep. Pestic. Regul., California EPA, Sacramento, CA 95814, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 269 EP - 288 VL - 32 IS - 3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - agricultural pollution KW - climate KW - climates KW - climatology KW - groundwater contamination KW - pesticide residues KW - pollution detection KW - principal component analysis KW - soil contamination KW - soils KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - USA, California KW - statistical analysis KW - mathematical models KW - groundwater pollution KW - pesticides KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16728434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Use+of+cluster+and+principal+component+analyses+to+profile+areas+in+California+where+ground+water+has+been+contaminated+by+pesticides&rft.au=Troiano%2C+J%3BJohnson%2C+B+R%3BPowell%2C+S%3BSchoenig%2C+S&rft.aulast=Troiano&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agricultural pollution; soils; climatology; groundwater pollution; statistical analysis; mathematical models; pollution detection; pesticides; climate; soil contamination; pesticide residues; principal component analysis; climates; USA, California; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A shortened algal growth potential test AN - 16726366; 3712995 AB - The Algal Growth Potential Test has been an accepted standard test for measuring the bioavailability of nutrients in water bodies. A shortened seven day test has been developed, tested, and shown to have a strong correlation relationship with algal tests grown to maximum dry weight yields. The new test will save time in processing the samples and processing of test data. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Schultz, DA AU - Raschke, R L AU - Jones, R AD - U.S. EPA, Region IV, Environ. Serv. Div., Bailey Rd. Annex, Athens, GA 30605-2720, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 201 EP - 205 VL - 32 IS - 3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - analytical techniques KW - bioassays KW - freshwater organisms KW - laboratory testing KW - nutrients KW - nutrients (mineral) KW - pollution monitoring KW - testing procedures KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - water quality KW - algae KW - laboratories KW - water pollution KW - eutrophication KW - water analysis KW - growth KW - D 04801:Pollution monitoring and detection KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - K 03073:Algae KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - Q4 27220:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16726366?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=A+shortened+algal+growth+potential+test&rft.au=Schultz%2C+DA%3BRaschke%2C+R+L%3BJones%2C+R&rft.aulast=Schultz&rft.aufirst=DA&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water quality; pollution monitoring; freshwater organisms; eutrophication; analytical techniques; bioassays; nutrients (mineral); laboratories; water analysis; algae; water pollution; growth; nutrients; laboratory testing; testing procedures ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Population declines of the native frog, Rana muscosa, in Sequoia and Kings Canyon national parks, California AN - 16723813; 3711988 AB - Rana muscosa (mountain yellow-legged frog) is one of a number of amphibians around the world that reportedly have declined in numbers in recent years in seemingly well-protected environments. In Sequoia and Kings Canyon national parks, California, two study areas comprising the headwaters of seven creek systems were surveyed for R. muscosa and Pseudacris regilla (Pacific chorus frog) in 1978-1979 and again in 1989. R. muscosa was found at 27 sites greater than 200 m apart in 1978-1979, but at only one site in 1989, and the population at this site disappeared by 1991. In contrast, P. regilla was found at 15 to 17 sites both times. A comparison of 21 historical (1955-1979) and recent (1989-1990) records scattered throughout the parks showed that R. muscosa remained at only 11 of these sites in 1989-1990. A similar comparison of 24 historical and recent records elsewhere in the Sierra Nevada showed that R. muscosa remained at only three sites. We conclude that R. muscosa has disappeared from about half of its historical localities in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks during the past three decades, and has been extirpated in some drainages. The magnitude of decline appears to be even more pronounced outside the parks. The causes for these declines are not clear. JF - Southwestern Naturalist AU - Bradford, D F AU - Graber, D M AU - Tabatabai, F AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Monit. Syst. Lab., P.O. Box 93478, Las Vegas, NV 89193, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 323 EP - 327 VL - 39 IS - 4 SN - 0038-4909, 0038-4909 KW - habitats KW - population decline KW - population number KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - environmental protection KW - Rana muscosa KW - mortality KW - recruitment KW - USA, California KW - population dynamics KW - land use KW - Q1 08443:Population genetics KW - D 04669:Amphibians UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16723813?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Southwestern+Naturalist&rft.atitle=Population+declines+of+the+native+frog%2C+Rana+muscosa%2C+in+Sequoia+and+Kings+Canyon+national+parks%2C+California&rft.au=Bradford%2C+D+F%3BGraber%2C+D+M%3BTabatabai%2C+F&rft.aulast=Bradford&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=323&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Southwestern+Naturalist&rft.issn=00384909&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - population number; mortality; recruitment; environmental protection; land use; population dynamics; population decline; Rana muscosa; USA, California; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recolonization of estuarine sediments by macroinvertebrates: Does microcosm size matter? AN - 16722187; 3711961 AB - Microcosms containing defaunated, fine estuarine sediments were field deployed to assess the effects of microcosm size on the rate of benthic macroinvertebrate recolonization and resulting community structure. Four sizes of microcosms (square acrylic plastic boxes: 7 cm/side, 12 cm/side, 20 cm/side, and 32 cm/side, all 6-cm deep) were deployed in upper Perdido Bay, Florida, and colonized for 6 wk. Absolute mean total number of organisms (TNO) differed ( alpha = 0.05) among all sizes, while normalized mean TNO (adjusted to 12 cm/side area) did not. Mean total number of taxa (TNT) was different among sizes: 7 cm/side, 12 cm/side, and 20 cm/side, but not between sizes 20 cm/side and 32 cm/side. Seven dominant taxa occurred in all size microcosms. Scaling of physical design features (size of microcosm) affected numbers of taxa in recolonization of fine-grained sediments in our study area, but effects on abundance and dominance were minimal. JF - Estuaries AU - Ruth, B F AU - Flemer, DA AU - Bundrick, C M AD - Avanti Corp., Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 606 EP - 613 VL - 17 IS - 3 SN - 0160-8347, 0160-8347 KW - ASW, USA, Florida, Perdido Bay KW - Invertebrata KW - USA, Florida, Perdido Bay KW - benthic fauna KW - colonization KW - community composition KW - dominant species KW - estuarine environment KW - experimental research KW - macrofauna KW - macroinvertebrates KW - microcosm size effects KW - zoobenthos KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - ecosystems KW - estuaries KW - sediments KW - population density KW - statistical analysis KW - Brackish KW - Q1 08462:Benthos KW - Q1 08382:Ecological techniques and apparatus KW - O 1090:Instruments/Methods KW - O 1030:Invertebrates KW - SW 0890:Estuaries KW - D 04210:Coastal ecosystems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16722187?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries&rft.atitle=Recolonization+of+estuarine+sediments+by+macroinvertebrates%3A+Does+microcosm+size+matter%3F&rft.au=Ruth%2C+B+F%3BFlemer%2C+DA%3BBundrick%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Ruth&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=606&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries&rft.issn=01608347&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - community composition; estuaries; experimental research; population density; dominant species; statistical analysis; sediments; ecosystems; zoobenthos; colonization; macrofauna; benthic fauna; macroinvertebrates; estuarine environment; Invertebrata; Brackish ER - TY - CONF T1 - Meeting report of the EC/US workshop on genetic risk assessment: "Human genetic risks from exposure to chemicals, focusing on the feasibility of a parallelogram approach" AN - 16720835; 3710135 AB - This workshop was the concept of Professor Frits Sobels who passed away on the 6th of July 1993. The underlying idea of the Sobels' parallelogram approach is that an estimate (corrected by DNA-adduct dosimetry) of the genetic damage in human germ cells can be obtained by measuring a common endpoint in human and mouse somatic cells (such as gene mutation in lymphocytes) and in germ cells of mice, the desired target tissue inaccessible in humans. The main objective of the workshop was to identify the methodology, data requirements and mechanistic research to understand the human health impact of germ-cell mutagens. 4 chemicals were selected for review at the meeting: ethylene oxide, 1,3-butadiene, acrylamide and cyclophosphamide. The first 3 are important industrial chemicals with substantial use worldwide and, therefore, considerable potential human exposure. The 4th, cyclophosphamide, is a commonly used cancer chemotherapeutic agent. This first EC/US workshop on risk assessment was highly focused on the feasibility of the parallelogram concept to estimate potential germ-cell effects in humans. It represented an evaluation of current knowledge and the identification of future research needs for a more precise assessment of human genetic risks from exposure to mutagenic chemicals. JF - Mutation Research AU - Waters, MD AU - Nolan, C Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 411 EP - 424 VL - 307 IS - 1 KW - risk assessment KW - mice KW - ethylene oxide KW - 1,3-butadiene KW - acrylamide KW - cyclophosphamide KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - DNA adducts KW - mutation KW - conferences KW - chemotherapy KW - germ cells KW - somatic cells KW - occupational exposure KW - man KW - G 07220:General theory/testing systems KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16720835?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research&rft.atitle=Meeting+report+of+the+EC%2FUS+workshop+on+genetic+risk+assessment%3A+%22Human+genetic+risks+from+exposure+to+chemicals%2C+focusing+on+the+feasibility+of+a+parallelogram+approach%22&rft.au=Waters%2C+MD%3BNolan%2C+C&rft.aulast=Waters&rft.aufirst=MD&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=307&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=411&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Eyeblink conditioning in the infant rat: An animal model of learning in developmental neurotoxicology AN - 16720618; 3706823 AB - Classical conditioning of the eyeblink reflex is a relatively simple procedure for studying associative learning that was first developed for use with human subjects more than half a century ago. The use of this procedure in laboratory animals by psychologists and neuroscientists over the past 30 years has produced a powerful animal model for studying the behavioral and biological mechanisms of learning. As a result, eyeblink conditioning is beginning to be pursued as a very promising model for predicting and understanding human learning and memory disorders. Among the many advantages of this procedure are (a) the fact that it can be carried out in the same manner in both humans and laboratory animals; (b) the many ways in which it permits one to characterize changes in learning at the behavioral level; (c) the readiness with which hypotheses regarding the neurological basis of behavioral disorders can be formulated and tested; (d) the fact that it can be used in the same way across the life-span; and (e) its ability to distinguish, from normative groups, populations suffering from neurological conditions associated with impaired learning and memory, including those produced by exposure to neurotoxicants. In this article, we argue that these properties of eyeblink conditioning make it an excellent model system for studying early impairments of learning and memory in developmental neurotoxicology. We also review progress that has been made in our laboratory in developing a rodent model of infant eyeblink conditioning for this purpose. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Stanton, ME AU - Freeman, JH Jr Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 KW - eyeblink KW - rats KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - No. (NIH) 94-218 KW - toxicity testing KW - development KW - neurotoxicity KW - conditioning KW - learning behavior KW - eyelid conditioning KW - hippocampus KW - cerebellum KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - N3 11139:Toxicological and psychoactive drug correlates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16720618?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Eyeblink+conditioning+in+the+infant+rat%3A+An+animal+model+of+learning+in+developmental+neurotoxicology&rft.au=Stanton%2C+ME%3BFreeman%2C+JH+Jr&rft.aulast=Stanton&rft.aufirst=ME&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - SITE demonstration of the Toronto Harbour Commissioners Soil Recycling Project AN - 16720530; 3710107 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), in cooperation with the Toronto Harbour Commissioners (THC), conducted a Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE) demonstration of the THC Soil Recycle Treatment Train. The treatment train consists of three technologies operated in sequence: a soil wash process, a metals removal process, and a biological treatment process. The THC conducted an extensive demonstration of the treatment train at a 55 tons per day pilot plant in order to evaluate an approach for remediation of industrial/commercial sites that are situated in the Toronto Port Industrial District (PID). Three soils were processed during the THC demonstration. The EPA SITE demonstration project examined, in detail, soil processing from one of the sites being evaluated as part of the overall THC project. Contaminants included organic compounds and heavy metals. It has been estimated by THC that as much as 2,200,000 tons of soil from locations within the PID may require some form of treatment due to heavy metal and/or organic contamination that resulted from various industrial processing operations. The objective of the SITE demonstration was to evaluate the technical effectiveness of the process in relation to THC's target criteria. Gravel and sand that met the THC target criteria for medium to fine soil suitable for industrial/commercial sites was produced. The fine soil from the biological treatment process did not meet the target level of 2.4 ppm for benzo(a)pyrene. However, there was a significant reduction in polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds. The metals removal process achieved reductions of greater than seventy percent for copper, lead, nickel, and zinc. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Richardson, T L AU - Ehrenreich, L AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 727 EP - 731 VL - 44 IS - 5 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - pollution clean-up KW - soil remediation KW - Superfund KW - benzo(a)pyrene KW - polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons KW - cleanup KW - soil treatment KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - technology KW - biological treatment KW - remediation KW - heavy metals KW - recycling KW - organic compounds KW - soil contamination KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16720530?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=SITE+demonstration+of+the+Toronto+Harbour+Commissioners+Soil+Recycling+Project&rft.au=Richardson%2C+T+L%3BEhrenreich%2C+L&rft.aulast=Richardson&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=727&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - soil contamination; recycling; technology; biological treatment; heavy metals; organic compounds; cleanup; remediation; soil treatment; pollution clean-up; soil remediation; Superfund; polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of regional corrosion maps for galvanized steel by linking the RADM engineering model with an atmospheric corrosion model AN - 16717097; 3707039 AB - Annual corrosion rates for galvanized steel standard panels were estimated for eastern North America and part of southern Canada using the Regional Acid Deposition Model/Engineering Model (RADM/EM) and the Mesoscale Meteorological Model 4 (MM-4) to drive an Atmospheric Corrosion Model (ACM). The galvanized steel ACM examines the contributions of wet and dry deposition, including anthropogenic and naturally occurring atmospheric species, to galvanized steel structure corrosion. The results show agreement between model-predicted and field-measured annual corrosion rates of galvanized steel panels, except for an exposure site located in up-state New York. Further comparison of corrosion rates showed some spatial disagreement of the relative contributions to the individual corrosion processes, particularly for the New York site. In addition, RADM/EM/MM-4 was used to predict the change in ambient sulfur (S) concentrations and hydrogen ion deposition from a hypothetical uniform 50% reduction in S emissions. Using the ACM, the effects of the emission reduction on the annually estimated corrosion rates were modeled. The results show a beneficial reduction in regional corrosion rates estimated annually. However, due to nonlinearities associated with wet and dry deposition, the corrosion rates decline in a less than 1:1 proportion to the emissions reduction. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Spence, J W AU - McHenry, J N AD - U.S. EPA, EMAP Cent., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 3033 EP - 3046 VL - 28 IS - 18 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - corrosion KW - North America KW - wet deposition KW - steel KW - air pollution KW - acid rain KW - dry deposition KW - pollution effects KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16717097?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Development+of+regional+corrosion+maps+for+galvanized+steel+by+linking+the+RADM+engineering+model+with+an+atmospheric+corrosion+model&rft.au=Spence%2C+J+W%3BMcHenry%2C+J+N&rft.aulast=Spence&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=3033&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - North America; wet deposition; dry deposition; corrosion; acid rain; steel; air pollution; pollution effects ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicology studies of a chemical mixture of 25 groundwater contaminants: Hepatic and renal assessment, response to carbon tetrachloride challenge, and influence of treatment-induced water restriction AN - 16716183; 3711682 AB - Because groundwater contamination is an important environmental concern, we examined the hepatic and renal effects of repeated exposure to a mixture of 25 chemicals frequently found in groundwater near hazardous-waste disposal sites and the effect of such exposure on carbon tetrachloride (CCl sub(4)) toxicity. Adult male F-344 rats received ad libitum deionized water and feed (Ad Lib Water) or ad libitum 10% MIX (referring to 10% of a technically achievable stock mixture) and feed for 14 d. Because exposure to the 25-chemical mixture via the drinking water resulted in decreased water and feed consumption, restricted deionized water feed controls (Restricted Water) were included. On d 14, rats were gavaged with 0, 0.0375, 0.05, 0.075 or 0.15 ml CCl sub(4)/kg, and hepatic and renal toxicity assessed 24 h later. Little or no hepatic and renal toxicity was observed in rats exposed to 10% MIX alone. No hepatic of renal lesions occurred that could be attributed to 10% MIX alone. Slight but statistically significant alterations, of uncertain biological significance, resulted from the water treatments: 10% MIX increased alanine aminotransferase, urea nitrogen (BUN), and BUN/creatinine ratio; Restricted Water increased 5'-nucleotidase and decreased alkaline phosphatase. Relative kidney weight was increased by both 10% MIX and Restricted Water. CCl sub(4) resulted in significant dosage-dependent hepatotoxicity in all three water treatment groups but had little or no effect on renal indicators of toxicity. Relative to Ad Lib Water, significantly greater hepatotoxicity occurred in both 10% MIX and Restricted Water rats. The response to CCl sub(4) in the Restricted Water rats was similar to that of 10% MIX rats, indicating that a substantial portion of the effect of 10% MIX on CCl sub(4) hepatotoxicity is due to decreased water and feed intake. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Simmons, JE AU - Yang, RSH AU - Svendsgaard, D J AU - Thompson, M B AU - Seely, J C AU - McDonald, A AD - MD-74, HERL/U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 305 EP - 325 VL - 43 IS - 3 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - carbon tetrachloride KW - chemical pollutants KW - chemical pollution KW - chlorine compounds KW - contaminants KW - exposure KW - ground water KW - groundwater contamination KW - hazardous materials KW - hazardous wastes KW - kidney KW - pollutants KW - rats KW - toxicity tests KW - waste disposal sites KW - water KW - water pollution effects KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - water pollution KW - groundwater pollution KW - liver KW - public health KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - H SE3.21:WATER POLLUTION/WATER QUALITY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16716183?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Toxicology+studies+of+a+chemical+mixture+of+25+groundwater+contaminants%3A+Hepatic+and+renal+assessment%2C+response+to+carbon+tetrachloride+challenge%2C+and+influence+of+treatment-induced+water+restriction&rft.au=Simmons%2C+JE%3BYang%2C+RSH%3BSvendsgaard%2C+D+J%3BThompson%2C+M+B%3BSeely%2C+J+C%3BMcDonald%2C+A&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=305&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water; chemical pollution; chlorine compounds; pollutants; waste disposal sites; toxicity tests; ground water; hazardous materials; chemical pollutants; groundwater pollution; liver; water pollution; public health; exposure; contaminants; kidney; hazardous wastes; rats; water pollution effects; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water quality changes in a simulated distribution system AN - 16714483; 3711051 AB - There is an increasing awareness of the need to minimise the formation of disinfection by-products, while simultaneously providing protection from microbial contamination in drinking water. Many technologies are being evaluated including the use of ozone to solve this problem. However, ozone may also react with organic material in source water to form nutrients that allow regrowth in the distribution system and increase the growth of biofilm on internal surfaces of distribution pipes. In order to assess the impact of ozone vs. chlorine on the formation of disinfection by-products and regrowth in the distribution system a joint study between the US EPA and the International Water Research Centre at Nancy, France (NAN.C.I.E.) was conducted at a unique pilot facility in Nancy, France. The facility consisted of two parallel pilot plants each feeding a separate distribution system with a 3-day residence time. Various combinations of ozone, chlorination and chloramination were studied. Results showed that when disinfectant residuals disappeared, micro-organisms increased in the bulk phase of the water and on fixed pipe surfaces. DOC decreased, providing a nutrient source for this biological growth. Decreases in trihalomethane formation potential were directly related to decreases in DOC. Chloral hydrates were apparently transformed into THMs once the chlorine residual disappeared. Results indicated that the microenvironment in a distribution system is highly complex. JF - Aqua - Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology AU - Clark, R M AU - Lykins, B W AU - Block, J C AU - Wymer, L J AU - Reasoner, D J AD - Drinking Water Res. Div., Risk Reduct. Eng. Lab., U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 263 EP - 277 VL - 43 IS - 6 SN - 0003-7214, 0003-7214 KW - trihalomethane KW - France, Nancy KW - water distribution KW - trihalomethanes KW - microbial contamination KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality KW - disinfection KW - microorganisms KW - byproducts KW - drinking water KW - ozone KW - water treatment KW - ozonation KW - chlorine KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - H SE3.21:WATER POLLUTION/WATER QUALITY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16714483?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aqua+-+Journal+of+Water+Supply%3A+Research+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Water+quality+changes+in+a+simulated+distribution+system&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BLykins%2C+B+W%3BBlock%2C+J+C%3BWymer%2C+L+J%3BReasoner%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=263&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aqua+-+Journal+of+Water+Supply%3A+Research+and+Technology&rft.issn=00037214&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water treatment; water quality; disinfection; byproducts; ozone; chlorine; microorganisms; water distribution; drinking water; trihalomethanes; ozonation; microbial contamination ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bay-delta management plan signed by EPA administrator AN - 16713972; 3711413 AB - EPA Administrator Carol Browner has approved a comprehensive plan to improve resource protection of the San Francisco Bay and Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta estuary. The Comprehensive Conservation and Management Plan (CCMP) was prepared by representatives from the environmental community, government, industry, and the public. The state of California and EPA signed an agreement in 1987 to establish the San Francisco Estuary Project and prepare the CCMP. As part of the National Estuary Program, the estuary project headed a management conference to study the problems and prepare the CCMP. JF - Water Environment & Technology AU - Grunwald, L AD - U.S. EPA Reg. IX, San Francisco, CA, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 35 VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 1044-9493, 1044-9493 KW - EPA KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - water resources management KW - public participation KW - planning KW - state jurisdiction KW - federal jurisdiction KW - water quality control KW - USA, California, San Francisco KW - estuarine environment KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16713972?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Bay-delta+management+plan+signed+by+EPA+administrator&rft.au=Grunwald%2C+L&rft.aulast=Grunwald&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.issn=10449493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water quality control; estuarine environment; water resources management; planning; federal jurisdiction; state jurisdiction; public participation; USA, California, San Francisco ER - TY - JOUR T1 - NO sub(x) removal with combined selective catalytic reduction and selective noncatalytic reduction: Pilot-scale test results AN - 16707680; 3701223 AB - Pilot-scale tests were conducted to develop a combined nitrogen oxide (NO sub(x)) reduction technology using both selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and selective noncatalytic reduction (SNCR). A commercially available vanadium- and titanium-based composite honeycomb catalyst and enhanced urea (NH sub(2)CONH sub(2)) were used with a natural-gas-fired furnace at a NO sub(x) concentration of 110 ppm. Changes in SNCR chemical injection temperature and stoichiometry led to varying levels of post-furnace ammonia (NH sub(3)), which acts as the reductant feed to the downstream SCR catalyst. The urea-based chemical could routinely achieve SNCR plus SCR total NO sub(x) reductions of 85 percent with less than 3 ppm NH sub(3) slip at reductant/NO sub(x) stoichiometries ranging from about 1.5 to 2.5 and SCR space velocities of 18,000 to 32,000/h. This pilot-scale research has shown that SNCR and SCR can be integrated to achieve high NO sub(x) removal. SNCR provides high temperature reduction of NO sub(x) followed by further removal of NO sub(x) and minimization of NH sub(3) slip by a significantly downsized (high-space velocity) SCR. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Gullett, B K AU - Groff, P W AU - Lin, M L AU - Chen, J M AD - U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 1188 EP - 1194 VL - 44 IS - 10 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - catalysis KW - pollutant removal KW - air pollution control KW - nitrogen oxides KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16707680?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=NO+sub%28x%29+removal+with+combined+selective+catalytic+reduction+and+selective+noncatalytic+reduction%3A+Pilot-scale+test+results&rft.au=Gullett%2C+B+K%3BGroff%2C+P+W%3BLin%2C+M+L%3BChen%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Gullett&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1188&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - nitrogen oxides; pollutant removal; air pollution control; catalysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Superfund innovative technology evaluation of Pneumatic Fracturing Extraction super(SM) AN - 16707209; 3703611 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), in cooperation with Accutech Remedial Systems (ARS) and the New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT), performed a field demonstration of Pneumatic Fracturing Extraction (PFE) super(SM) for the removal of chlorinated-volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from vadose zones of low permeability. The demonstration was conducted in the fall of 1992 at an industrial park in Somerville, New Jersey, where removal of VOC contamination in shale bedrock was required to comply with New Jersey's Environmental Cleanup Responsibility Act (ECRA). During the demonstration, airflow and contaminant concentrations were monitored to establish a database against which the developer's claims about the technology were evaluated. The developer contended that PFE would increase extracted-airflow rates from the subsurface formation by at least 100 percent and would increase the mass removal rate for the key contaminant, trichloroethene (TCE), by at least 50 percent. Also, during the demonstration hot-gas injection was evaluated. Based on comparisons of four-hour test results before and after fracturing, airflow rates increased more than 600 percent, and TCE mass-removal rates increased about 675 percent. The increase in TCE mass-removal rates appeared to be a result, primarily, of the increased airflow. In addition, the extracted air contained significantly higher concentrations of other VOCs after fracturing. Using data developed in the four-hour postfracture test, the estimated cost for a hypothetical one-year clean-up is $140 per pound of TCE removed, or $140 per ton of soil contaminated with one pound of TCE. Experiments to evaluate the effects of injecting heated air, at 200 to 250 degree F, into the vadose zone gave inconclusive results. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Frank, U AD - U.S. EPA, Edison, NJ, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 1219 EP - 1223 VL - 44 IS - 10 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - Pneumatic Fracturing Extraction super(SM) KW - trichloroethene KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - pollution monitoring KW - USA, New Jersey KW - Superfund KW - state regulations KW - compliance KW - soil remediation KW - pollutant removal KW - volatile organic compounds KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16707209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=U.S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency%27s+Superfund+innovative+technology+evaluation+of+Pneumatic+Fracturing+Extraction+super%28SM%29&rft.au=Frank%2C+U&rft.aulast=Frank&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1219&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, New Jersey; volatile organic compounds; pollutant removal; Superfund; pollution monitoring; soil remediation; state regulations; compliance ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative acute toxicities of several pesticides and metals to Mysidopsis bahia and postlarval Penaeus duorarum AN - 16706579; 3700319 AB - Effects of toxic chemicals on estuarine and marine crustaceans are often evaluated using the mysid Mysidopsis bahia. In a literature survey of results of acute toxicity tests with estuarine crustaceans, Mysidae and Penaeidae were generally the two most sensitive families. However, neither family was consistently more sensitive (higher LC50 divided by lower LC50 > 2). Mysids were 54 times more sensitive to pyrethroids than were penaeids (N = 3 studies). Yet penaeids were 36 times more sensitive (N = 4 studies) to organochlorines and 5 times more sensitive (N = 17 studies) to organophosphates than were mysids. Acute exposures of less than or equal to 24-h-old mysids and second postlarval pink shrimp Penaeus duorarum were conducted to compare responses of these crustaceans to each other, and to values from the literature for other estuarine crustaceans. The test compounds were chloride salts of cadmium, copper, and zinc; the organophosphates diazinon, fenthion, and malathion; and several pyrethroids - cypermethrin, fenvalerate, and permethrin. Results showed that pyrethroid toxicities to mysids and postlarval pink shrimp were similar, organophosphate toxicities were within a factor of 2.6 for both species, and mysids were 3 to 26 times more sensitive to the metals than were larval pink shrimp. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Cripe, G M AD - U.S. EPA, 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 1867 EP - 1872 VL - 13 IS - 11 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Mysidopsis bahia KW - Penaeus duorarum KW - bioassays KW - crustaceans KW - estuarine environment KW - exposure tolerance KW - organochlorine compounds KW - organophosphates KW - organophosphorus compounds KW - pollution effects KW - shrimp KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicity tests KW - water pollution effects KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - toxicity KW - Marine KW - insecticides KW - Brackish KW - metals KW - pesticides KW - X 24131:Acute exposure KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24161:Acute exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16706579?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Comparative+acute+toxicities+of+several+pesticides+and+metals+to+Mysidopsis+bahia+and+postlarval+Penaeus+duorarum&rft.au=Cripe%2C+G+M&rft.aulast=Cripe&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1867&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - insecticides; toxicity; exposure tolerance; metals; toxicity tests; bioassays; pollution effects; pesticides; toxicity testing; organochlorine compounds; organophosphorus compounds; organophosphates; crustaceans; shrimp; water pollution effects; estuarine environment; Mysidopsis bahia; Penaeus duorarum; Marine; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A phylogenetic tree of 16S rRNA sequences from sulfate-reducing bacteria in a sandy marine sediment AN - 16706104; 3702264 AB - The divergence of 16S rDNA sequences in marine sediment was investigated. Twenty unique partial sequences were found among 33 cloned following PCR. Thirteen shared 82 to 91% similarity with sequences of delta subclass sulfate-reducing bacteria. Three contained the target sequence for a sulfate-reducing bacterium-specific oligonucleotide probe designed from pure-culture studies. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Devereux, R AU - Mundfrom, G W AD - Microb. Ecol. Biotechnol., U.S. EPA, 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 3437 EP - 3439 VL - 60 IS - 9 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - DNA KW - RNA KW - analytical techniques KW - anoxic sediments KW - culturing techniques KW - genetic relationship KW - marine sediments KW - microbial culture KW - population genetics KW - rRNA 16S KW - sulfate-reducing bacteria KW - sulphate reduction KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - biogeochemistry KW - phylogeny KW - marine environment KW - bacteria KW - Q1 08443:Population genetics KW - N 14414:Structure and sequence KW - SW 0870:Erosion and sedimentation KW - Q4 27170:Microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa) KW - G 07260:Taxonomy, systematics and evolutionary genetics KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16706104?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=A+phylogenetic+tree+of+16S+rRNA+sequences+from+sulfate-reducing+bacteria+in+a+sandy+marine+sediment&rft.au=Devereux%2C+R%3BMundfrom%2C+G+W&rft.aulast=Devereux&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=3437&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - population genetics; biogeochemistry; marine environment; phylogeny; bacteria; DNA; analytical techniques; anoxic sediments; sulphate reduction; sulfate-reducing bacteria; genetic relationship; marine sediments; culturing techniques ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measuring and modeling chlorine propagation in water distribution systems AN - 16705644; 3699812 AB - Until recently most emphasis on implementing Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) under the Safe Drinking Water Act and its Amendments (SDWAA) has been focused on drinking water as it leaves the treatment plant. However, the SDWAA has been interpreted as requiring that its MCLs must be met at the consumer's tap. This interpretation has forced consideration of the drinking-water distribution system when measuring and monitoring contaminants for SDWAA compliance. It is increasingly apparent that water quality can undergo significant deterioration between the treatment plant and the consumer's tap. A field study conducted in conjunction with the South Central Connecticut Regional Water Authority using a contaminant propagation model demonstrated long residence times in one of its service areas, which suggested potential difficulties in maintaining chlorine residuals throughout the system. A follow-up study verified that maintaining residuals is difficult and demonstrated that a simple first-order decay model associated with modeling chlorine residuals is inadequate. JF - Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management AU - Clark, R M AU - Grayman, WM AU - Goodrich, JA AU - Deininger, R A AU - Skov, K AD - Drinking Water Res. Div., RREL, U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 871 EP - 882 VL - 126 IS - 6 SN - 0733-9496, 0733-9496 KW - Safe Drinking Water Act KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - conveyance structures KW - water quality KW - water distribution KW - water treatment KW - chlorination KW - byproducts KW - drinking water KW - contamination KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16705644?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.atitle=Measuring+and+modeling+chlorine+propagation+in+water+distribution+systems&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BGrayman%2C+WM%3BGoodrich%2C+JA%3BDeininger%2C+R+A%3BSkov%2C+K&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=126&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=871&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.issn=07339496&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water distribution; drinking water; conveyance structures; water quality; chlorination; byproducts; water treatment; contamination ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential for reducing nitrogen pollution through improved agronomic practices AN - 16704947; 3697295 AB - According to the 1990 National Water Quality Inventory, nutrient runoff from agriculture is one of the largest contributors to watershed contamination. Nutrient balance studies suggest that many farmers use more fertilizer than necessary because of insufficient crediting for nutrients coming from manure and legumes. Using data from the USDA's 1990 Farm Costs and Returns Survey, we found that farmers raising only conventional crops spend between $470 to $624 million more per year on fertilizer than necessary. This accounts for a range of 24 percent to 32 percent of total annual nitrogen (N) purchases. The excess N amounts to between 2.5 to 3.3 billion pounds N and has considerable water pollution potential. Farmers and the fertilizer industry have responded positively to highly focused research and education programs which support improved crediting of these nutrients. JF - Water Resources Bulletin AU - Trachtenberg, E AU - Ogg, C AD - U.S. EPA, 401 M St. S.W., Mail Code 2124, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 1109 EP - 1118 VL - 30 IS - 6 SN - 0043-1370, 0043-1370 KW - agricultural pollution KW - agricultural practices KW - economic aspects KW - economics KW - nonpoint pollution KW - nonpoint pollution sources KW - nutrients KW - nutrients (mineral) KW - pollution control KW - water pollution control KW - water pollution sources KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - fertilizers KW - Freshwater KW - nitrogen KW - agricultural runoff KW - groundwater pollution KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16704947?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Potential+for+reducing+nitrogen+pollution+through+improved+agronomic+practices&rft.au=Trachtenberg%2C+E%3BOgg%2C+C&rft.aulast=Trachtenberg&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Bulletin&rft.issn=00431370&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agricultural pollution; fertilizers; groundwater pollution; agricultural runoff; economics; nutrients (mineral); pollution control; nitrogen; nutrients; water pollution control; nonpoint pollution; agricultural practices; nonpoint pollution sources; water pollution sources; economic aspects; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tree mortality in mature lowland tropical moist and tropical lower montane moist forests of Venezuela AN - 16704841; 3697856 AB - We examined patterns of mortality from long-term (up to 25 yr) forest inventory data collected from 17 0.25-ha plots representing mature tropical lowland moist forest and tropical lower montane moist forest life zones in Venezuela. Annual mortality rates varied greatly among plots and differed when mortality was calculated on a frequency basis (% stems dying annually) versus a biomass (% total aboveground biomass dying annually) basis. Mortality rates ranged from 0.5 to 3.3 percent (stems) and 0.1 to 3.9 percent (biomass). Annual mortality rate of stems versus mortality rate of biomass differed by as much as 20 percent within a plot; greater mortality rate of biomass on a yearly basis was attributable to the death of large trees. Annual percent mortality was independent of life zone, diameter class within life zone, and crown class. The majority of trees died standing (64%) followed by fallen (17%), snapped (11%), and other unknown causes (11%). Estimates of the mean half-life of all plots were 36.9 and 42.5 yr based on stems and biomass, respectively, in the tropical moist forest, and 39.3 and 36.3 yr, respectively, in the tropical lower montane moist forest. Large diameter classes had the longest half-lives. Similarly in stem and biomass based half-lives within a life zone suggests that although there is great variability at the individual plot scale, stems and biomass yield similar estimates of mortality at the larger life zone scale. JF - Biotropica AU - Carey, E V AU - Brown, S AU - Gillespie, AJR AU - Lugo, A E AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 200 S.W. 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 255 EP - 265 VL - 26 IS - 3 SN - 0006-3606, 0006-3606 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - forests KW - mortality KW - Venezuela KW - trees KW - longevity KW - population dynamics KW - D 04126:Tropical forests UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16704841?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotropica&rft.atitle=Tree+mortality+in+mature+lowland+tropical+moist+and+tropical+lower+montane+moist+forests+of+Venezuela&rft.au=Carey%2C+E+V%3BBrown%2C+S%3BGillespie%2C+AJR%3BLugo%2C+A+E&rft.aulast=Carey&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=255&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotropica&rft.issn=00063606&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Venezuela; forests; trees; mortality; longevity; population dynamics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of soot build-up while sampling with the Volatile Organic Sampling Train (VOST) AN - 16703987; 3633012 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Method 0030, the Volatile Organic Sampling Train (VOST), is used to determine the destruction and removal efficiencies of volatile organic emissions from industrial boilers co-firing hazardous waste. Previous reports detailing a hysteresis effect for volatile organic compounds (VOCs), resulting from soot build-up on the interior surfaces of boilers and industrial furnaces, raised concerns of possible VOST measurement biases due to soot deposits within the VOST. This possibility required laboratory investigation of the method under sooty conditions. Method collection efficiency was evaluated by comparing volatile organic compound levels collected in a control VOST (using a soot-free particulate filter in the sampling probe), to VOC recoveries while using a soot-laden particulate filter in the probe. Emphasis was directed to substances in the upper range of VOC boiling points (120 to 130 degree C). JF - Hazardous Waste & Hazardous Materials AU - Wilshire, F W AU - Johnson, L D AU - Hinshaw, G D AD - MD-77A, U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Cent., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 277 EP - 287 VL - 11 IS - 2 SN - 0882-5696, 0882-5696 KW - air pollution measurements KW - analytical techniques KW - boilers KW - combustion products KW - hazardous wastes KW - soot KW - volatile compounds KW - volatile organic compounds KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - pollution monitoring KW - air pollution KW - incineration KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16703987?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hazardous+Waste+%26+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Effect+of+soot+build-up+while+sampling+with+the+Volatile+Organic+Sampling+Train+%28VOST%29&rft.au=Wilshire%2C+F+W%3BJohnson%2C+L+D%3BHinshaw%2C+G+D&rft.aulast=Wilshire&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hazardous+Waste+%26+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=08825696&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pollution monitoring; volatile compounds; incineration; analytical techniques; air pollution; soot; boilers; air pollution measurements; hazardous wastes; volatile organic compounds; combustion products ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A "Mark I" measurement methodology for pollution prevention progress occurring as a result of product design decisions AN - 16692220; 3698572 AB - A methodology for assessing progress in pollution prevention resulting from product redesign, reformulation or replacement is described. The method compares the pollution generated by the original product with that from the modified or replacement product, taking into account, if desired, the various lifecycle stages of the product. The pollution prevented (or sometimes increased) as a consequence of the redesign is delineated with respect to the media affected (water, air, or soil/groundwater) and with respect to three "categories" of pollution impact (human health impacts, use impairment impacts and disposal capacity impacts). The method also provides information as to the specific "classes" of pollution prevented such as toxic organics, heavy metals, global warmers, nutrients, aquatic life toxicants or hazardous wastes. The methodology is extendable to pollution prevention projects of all types, not just product redesign. JF - Environmental Progress AU - Stephan, D G AU - Knodel, R M AU - Bridges, J S AD - Risk Reduct. Eng. Lab., U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 232 EP - 246 VL - 13 IS - 4 SN - 0278-4491, 0278-4491 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - measuring methods KW - environmental protection KW - design KW - pollution control KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16692220?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Progress&rft.atitle=A+%22Mark+I%22+measurement+methodology+for+pollution+prevention+progress+occurring+as+a+result+of+product+design+decisions&rft.au=Stephan%2C+D+G%3BKnodel%2C+R+M%3BBridges%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Stephan&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=232&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Progress&rft.issn=02784491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental protection; pollution control; measuring methods; design ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methodology for modeling the devolatilization of refuse-derived fuel from thermogravimetric analysis of municipal solid waste components AN - 16691153; 3697500 AB - The capacity of waste-to-energy (WTE) plants in the U.S. is expected to double by the year 2000. Many of these plants will burn refuse-derived fuel (RDF) consisting of municipal solid waste (MSW) components. A large percentage of the mass of RDF is volatile matter, which when combusted, contributes significantly to the boiler heat rate. A methodology is presented for estimating the devolatilization characteristics of RDF based on the premise that RDF can be modeled as some combination of select MSW components. Thermogravimetric analyses of these components provide the input data to the methodology. The outputs from the methodology are calculations of volatile weight loss versus temperature, or calculated thermograms, for the components at user-defined conditions. The hypothesis was made that these thermograms could be summed, given the mix of components in the RDF, to give an accurate description of the devolatilization process for the RDF. This hypothesis was tested by performing the thermogravimetric analysis on MSW components that included newspaper and plastic consumer goods made from polystyrene foam, polyethylene terepthalate, polypropylene, and high-density polyethylene. These components were analyzed both as individual samples and as a controlled mixture that served as a surrogate RDF sample. The samples were heated within the thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) at a rate of 50 degree C/min in a nitrogen flow. Thermograms were calculated for the components and then summed according to the methodology. The calculations matched the thermogravimetric data for the surrogate RDF sample, thus supporting the hypothesis that RDF devolatilization is described by the superposition of the volatile weight loss for the constituent materials. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Fritsky, K J AU - Miller, D L AU - Cernansky, N P AD - U.S. EPA, Air and Energy Eng. Res. Lab., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 1116 EP - 1123 VL - 44 IS - 9 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - thermogravimetric analysis KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - waste management KW - municipal solid wastes KW - refuse derived fuels KW - volatile organic compounds KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16691153?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Methodology+for+modeling+the+devolatilization+of+refuse-derived+fuel+from+thermogravimetric+analysis+of+municipal+solid+waste+components&rft.au=Fritsky%2C+K+J%3BMiller%2C+D+L%3BCernansky%2C+N+P&rft.aulast=Fritsky&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1116&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - refuse derived fuels; municipal solid wastes; waste management; volatile organic compounds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The handling and disposal of residuals from the treatment of urban stormwater runoff from separate storm drainage systems AN - 16690581; 3690648 AB - Given the magnitude of stormwater runoff (from separate storm drainage systems) and its pollutional contribution, the treatment of stormwater would generate residuals in amounts equal to or in excess of the volume of sludge now generated by municipal wastewater treatment. The characteristics of stormwater runoff differ substantially from that of wastewater or combined sewer overflow (CSO) in several important parameters, most notably suspended solids (SS) and organic content. The increased SS content of stormwater runoff results in higher volumes of residuals and increased handling and disposal costs. Similarly, the lower organic and nutrient content of stormwater runoff limits both the effectiveness of conventional biological treatment processes and land application disposal options. Several treatment and handling approaches are discussed and evaluated, including both centralized and satellite options. In addition, the primary and secondary economic (e.g. cost, land requirements) and environmental (e.g. air and water pollution, public health, etc.) impacts of stormwater runoff residuals treatment, handling, and disposal are reviewed. JF - Waste Management & Research AU - Field, R AU - O'Shea, M L AD - Storm Combined Sewer Program, Water Hazard. Waste Treat. Res. Div., U.S. EPA, Edison, NJ, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 527 EP - 539 VL - 12 IS - 6 SN - 0734-242X, 0734-242X KW - biological treatment KW - combined sewer overflows KW - drains KW - economics KW - land application KW - pollution control KW - residues KW - sewers KW - sludge disposal KW - sludge treatment KW - storm runoff KW - stormwater runoff KW - urban areas KW - urban runoff KW - wastewater disposal KW - water pollution treatment KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - sludge KW - Freshwater KW - water treatment KW - waste disposal KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16690581?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waste+Management+%26+Research&rft.atitle=The+handling+and+disposal+of+residuals+from+the+treatment+of+urban+stormwater+runoff+from+separate+storm+drainage+systems&rft.au=Field%2C+R%3BO%27Shea%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=527&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Waste+Management+%26+Research&rft.issn=0734242X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sludge treatment; urban runoff; water treatment; sludge; economics; water pollution treatment; waste disposal; pollution control; stormwater runoff; residues; urban areas; land application; biological treatment; sewers; combined sewer overflows; sludge disposal; storm runoff; drains; wastewater disposal; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Separation and isolation of volatile organic compounds using vacuum distillation with GC/MS determination AN - 16690548; 3698609 AB - Vacuum distillation of water, soil, oil, and fish samples is presented as an alternative technique for determining volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Analyses of samples containing VOCs and non-VOCs at 50 ppb concentrations were performed to evaluate method limitations. Analyte recoveries were found to relate closing with boiling point unless a compound's water solubility exceeded 5 g/L. Recovery, precision, and method detection limits for VOCs demonstrate this technology is appropriate for environmental samples. JF - Analytical Chemistry (Washington) AU - Hiatt, M H AU - Youngman AU - Donnelly, J R AD - Environ. Monitor. Syst. Lab., U.S. EPA, P.O. Box 93478, Las Vegas, NV 89193-3478, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 905 EP - 908 VL - 66 IS - 6 SN - 0003-2700, 0003-2700 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - distillation KW - oil pollution KW - water sampling KW - separation processes KW - Pisces KW - gas chromatography KW - environmental monitoring KW - soil contamination KW - volatile organic compounds KW - pollution detection KW - sampling methods KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16690548?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.atitle=Separation+and+isolation+of+volatile+organic+compounds+using+vacuum+distillation+with+GC%2FMS+determination&rft.au=Hiatt%2C+M+H%3BYoungman%3BDonnelly%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Hiatt&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=905&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.issn=00032700&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - volatile organic compounds; separation processes; distillation; gas chromatography; pollution detection; sampling methods; environmental monitoring; water sampling; soil contamination; oil pollution; Pisces ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An effective method to extract DNA from environmental samples for polymerase chain reaction amplification and DNA fingerprint analysis AN - 16690012; 3690539 AB - A rapid direct-extraction method was used to obtain DNA from environmental soil samples. Heat, enzymes, and guanidine isothiocyanate were utilized to lyse cells. The DNA was purified by agarose gel electrophoresis, amplified with 16S rRNA-based primers by use of the polymerase chain reaction, and then digested with the restriction endonuclease PalI. The extraction method was used to obtain DNA from a variety of plants, bacteria, and fungi including Gossypium hirsucum (cotton), Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Streptomyces, and Colletotrichum. Up to 100 mu g DNA/g (wet weight) of soil and 400 mu g DNA/g of plant material were recovered. Restriction endonuclease analysis patterns of amplified rDNA from pure microbial cultures and plant species contained three to five different DNA fragments. Amplified rDNA of mixed population DNA extracts from soil samples, digested with the restriction endonuclease PalI, contained 12-20 DNA fragments, appearing as sample "fingerprints." Results from eight environmental soil samples that were analyzed suggest that the amplified rDNA fingerprints can be used to help characterize the genetic and biological diversity of the microbial populations in these samples. JF - Current Microbiology AU - Porteous, LA AU - Armstrong, J L AU - Seidler, R J AU - Watrud, L S AD - Biotechnol. Program, U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 200 S.W. 35th St., Corvallis, OR, 97333, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 301 EP - 307 VL - 29 IS - 5 SN - 0343-8651, 0343-8651 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - DNA fingerprinting KW - fungi KW - soil microorganisms KW - bacteria KW - DNA KW - polymerase chain reaction KW - N 14610:Occurrence, isolation & assay KW - W3 33385:DNA/RNA KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16690012?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Microbiology&rft.atitle=An+effective+method+to+extract+DNA+from+environmental+samples+for+polymerase+chain+reaction+amplification+and+DNA+fingerprint+analysis&rft.au=Porteous%2C+LA%3BArmstrong%2C+J+L%3BSeidler%2C+R+J%3BWatrud%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Porteous&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=301&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+Microbiology&rft.issn=03438651&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA fingerprinting; fungi; soil microorganisms; bacteria; DNA; polymerase chain reaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Revising the Clean Water Act for pollution prevention AN - 16688919; 3697335 AB - In 1989, as part of a new U.S. Environmental Protection Agency emphasis on pollution prevention, the EPA set aside 2% of its FY91 and FY92 contract budgets for new pollution prevention initiatives. One of these initiatives was the Industrial Pollution Prevention Project (IP3). The IP3 Focus Group, comprised of representatives from industry, labor, environmental groups, academia, and all levels of government, was established to provide advice and develop specific recommendations on how best to promote industrial pollution prevention through the effluent guidelines process. There was unanimous agreement among all the Focus Group members that, to promote more industrial pollution prevention, the effluent guidelines process must: 1) be more flexible, (2) address all media, and (3) impart a pollution prevention mindset to everyone throughout the effluent guidelines process. JF - Corporate Environmental Strategy AU - Lund, J AD - EPA Ind. Pollut. Prev. Proj., Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 49 EP - 55 VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 1066-7938, 1066-7938 KW - Clean Water Act KW - commercial legislation KW - environmental legislation KW - environmental policy KW - government policy KW - guidelines KW - pollution control KW - pollution legislation KW - pollution prevention KW - regulations KW - water law KW - water pollution control KW - water pollution prevention KW - water quality acts KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - technology KW - Freshwater KW - industrial wastes KW - Marine KW - legislation KW - Brackish KW - USA KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16688919?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Corporate+Environmental+Strategy&rft.atitle=Revising+the+Clean+Water+Act+for+pollution+prevention&rft.au=Lund%2C+J&rft.aulast=Lund&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Corporate+Environmental+Strategy&rft.issn=10667938&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - industrial wastes; commercial legislation; pollution legislation; technology; legislation; environmental legislation; pollution control; water quality acts; water pollution control; pollution prevention; Clean Water Act; environmental policy; water law; regulations; water pollution prevention; USA; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Formation and removal reactions of hazardous air pollutants AN - 16688196; 3696226 AB - Current regulatory policies for hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) target the sources of direct emissions. In addition to direct emissions, some of the aromatic, nitrogenated, and oxygenated HAPs can be formed in the atmosphere. Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, in particular, are produced by almost every hydrocarbon photooxidation reaction. Estimates have been made that, in some urban areas, in situ formation contributes as much as 85 percent of the ambient levels of formaldehyde and 95 percent for acetaldehyde. Over 40 percent of the HAPs being regulated under Title III of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments have atmospheric lifetimes of less than one day. The transformation products of these HAPs with low atmospheric persistence are important for assessing risks to human health, especially for cases where the transformation products are more toxic than the HAP itself. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Kao, A S AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 683 EP - 696 VL - 44 IS - 5 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - acetaldehyde KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - photochemicals KW - Clean Air Act Amendments KW - urban areas KW - formaldehyde KW - air quality acts KW - hydrocarbons KW - public health KW - air pollution KW - chemical reactions KW - federal regulations KW - toxic materials KW - USA KW - pollutant persistence KW - risk assessment KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16688196?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Formation+and+removal+reactions+of+hazardous+air+pollutants&rft.au=Kao%2C+A+S&rft.aulast=Kao&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=683&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; air pollution; formaldehyde; chemical reactions; photochemicals; urban areas; pollutant persistence; public health; risk assessment; Clean Air Act Amendments; air quality acts; toxic materials; federal regulations; hydrocarbons ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Statistical approaches in wind sector analyses for assessing local source impacts AN - 16687752; 3698579 AB - Nonparametric statistical methods were used as part of a wind sector analysis assessment for the purpose of investigating local source impacts. Linear-angular rank correlations were employed to test for the presence of association between pollutant tracer concentrations and wind direction for a local area dominated by a single emission source (a biomedical waste combustor). Testing for the presence of these associations in ambient data from a local area likely to include multiple pollutant sources (including a resource recovery facility) was accomplished using the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test. Modified pollutant wind rose plots were used to qualitatively investigate the nature of the associations detected using these statistical tests, focusing on the sources of interest known to emit the pollutant tracers-of-opportunity. The statistical methods presented provide a quantitative basis for the assessment of source impacts based on observed associations between wind direction and pollutant concentrations. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Somerville, M C AU - Mukerjee, S AU - Fox, D L AU - Stevens, R K AD - U.S. EPA Atmos. Res. and Exposure Assess. Lab., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 3483 EP - 3493 VL - 28 IS - 21 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - wind KW - emissions KW - air pollution measurements KW - statistical analysis KW - waste management KW - incinerators KW - tracers KW - pollution dispersion KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16687752?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Statistical+approaches+in+wind+sector+analyses+for+assessing+local+source+impacts&rft.au=Somerville%2C+M+C%3BMukerjee%2C+S%3BFox%2C+D+L%3BStevens%2C+R+K&rft.aulast=Somerville&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=3483&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - wind; statistical analysis; pollution dispersion; tracers; emissions; air pollution measurements; incinerators; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pollution prevention strategies for the minimizing of industrial wastes in the VCM-PVC industry AN - 16687180; 3697538 AB - In many U.S. companies, pollution prevention strategies coincide with economic interests. Typically a company strives to be the lowest-cost producer, to be competitive, and to reduce wastes. In this paper, the author reviews pollution prevention strategies in the vinyl chloride monomer (VCM)-polyvinyl chloride (PVC) industry, the current process technology and the pollution prevention practices to minimize all types of waste. This paper includes a review of the balanced oxychlorination process, the high temperature chlorination process, new EDC cracking techniques, modified EDC reactor designs, new catalysts, new separation technologies, and other alternative low-waste process pathways and modifications. JF - Environmental Progress AU - Randall, P M AD - U.S. EPA, Risk Reduct. Eng. Lab., Pollut. Prev. Res. Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 269 EP - 277 VL - 13 IS - 4 SN - 0278-4491, 0278-4491 KW - water pollution prevention KW - pollution prevention KW - economics KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - chemical industry KW - industrial wastes KW - waste management KW - construction materials KW - plastics KW - USA KW - waste disposal KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16687180?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Progress&rft.atitle=Pollution+prevention+strategies+for+the+minimizing+of+industrial+wastes+in+the+VCM-PVC+industry&rft.au=Randall%2C+P+M&rft.aulast=Randall&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Progress&rft.issn=02784491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water pollution prevention; construction materials; industrial wastes; waste disposal; chemical industry; waste management; plastics; USA; pollution prevention; economics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distinguishing between ecoregions, lake phosphorus regions, and lake management regions AN - 16686436; 3690191 AB - Geographic frameworks that depict areas of similarity in resource quality, quantity, and interrelationships are necessary for effectively structuring the research, assessment, monitoring, and management of environmental resources. However, like comparing ponchos to tailor-made raincoats, there are differences, similarities, advantages, and limitations in the different types of regional frameworks that are now being used for lake management. Ecological regions have been, and are being, defined at various scales. They provide a multi-purpose framework and have been used for developing biological criteria, setting water quality standards, and guiding lake management decisions. Delineation of ecoregions is accomplished through analysis of information on a combination of spatial characteristics including land use, geology, climate, physiography, potential natural vegetation, and soils. The relative importance of each of these characteristics varies from one area to another regardless of the scale at which the regions are being delineated. Lake phosphorus regions have been compiled for the Northeast and Upper Midwest for the specific purpose of addressing eutrophication issues. Compilation of these maps is based on geographic patterns of phosphorus values in lakes and apparent associations between these patterns and those of landscape and lake morphometric characteristics. A third type of region, -the lake management region, - is currently being defined for Florida. These regions reflect spatial differences in the mosaic of lake types, lake quality, and associations with soils, land use, geology etc. In addition to phosphorus, patterns in a variety of other factors including alkalinity, biological productivity, and color are analyzed to define these regions. JF - Lake and Reservoir Management AU - Omernik, JM AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 101 VL - 9 IS - 2 SN - 0743-8141, 0743-8141 KW - catchment area KW - classification systems KW - ecoregions KW - ecosystem management KW - freshwater lakes KW - vegetation cover KW - water quality standards KW - water resources management KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - monitoring KW - USA, Florida KW - lakes KW - mapping KW - phosphorus KW - Freshwater KW - natural resources KW - classification KW - land use KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16686436?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lake+and+Reservoir+Management&rft.atitle=Distinguishing+between+ecoregions%2C+lake+phosphorus+regions%2C+and+lake+management+regions&rft.au=Omernik%2C+JM&rft.aulast=Omernik&rft.aufirst=JM&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Learning+and+Instruction&rft.issn=09594752&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.learninstruc.2005.04.009 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Abstract only. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - monitoring; natural resources; ecosystem management; freshwater lakes; vegetation cover; classification; catchment area; lakes; phosphorus; mapping; classification systems; land use; water resources management; water quality standards; USA, Florida; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indicators of wetland condition in the Prairie Pothole Region AN - 16686180; 3690194 AB - The Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) initiated a project with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) of the United States in 1992 to evaluate the performance of selected wetland condition indicators. The PPR was selected for this study because it represents one of the three major classes of wetlands (palustrine emergent) in the country and because the region is responsible for producing at least half of North America's waterfowl. Indicators were selected on the basis of their perceived ability to discriminate between wetland conditions in highly disturbed areas versus those in relatively undisturbed areas in anticipation of implementing successful indicators on a probability sampling basis across the PPR. In addition, indicators were selected on the basis of their ability to address one or more of the four most significant wetland values (Biological Integrity, Harvestable Productivity, Water Quality Improvement, and Flood Attenuation) identified for this region. This presentation focuses on the evaluation of wetland condition indicator responses in intensively cropped and relatively uncropped landscapes. Indicators include wetland density, number of wetlands, mean wetland size, ratio of cropland/upland to wetland, mileage of drainage ditch/tile per acre, water quality, macroinvertebrates, vegetation, soil and sediment chemistry, and pesticide residues. Preliminary results indicate the best indicators to be plant species abundance in wet meadow areas, sediment chemistry, sedimentation rates, and drain tile abundance at the landscape level. Relative performance of these indicators including their precision and accuracy will be addressed. JF - Lake and Reservoir Management AU - Peterson, SA AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis Environ. Res. Lab., 200 S.W. 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 103 VL - 9 IS - 2 SN - 0743-8141, 0743-8141 KW - aquatic birds KW - aquatic habitats KW - bioindicators KW - classification systems KW - ecosystem disturbance KW - environmental monitoring KW - pollution indicators KW - potholes KW - prairies KW - sedimentation rates KW - water resources management KW - waterfowl KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality KW - Freshwater KW - USA KW - wetlands KW - land use KW - SW 4020:Evaluation process KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16686180?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lake+and+Reservoir+Management&rft.atitle=Indicators+of+wetland+condition+in+the+Prairie+Pothole+Region&rft.au=Peterson%2C+SA&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Lake+and+Reservoir+Management&rft.issn=07438141&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Abstract only. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water quality; aquatic birds; environmental monitoring; wetlands; pollution indicators; ecosystem disturbance; classification systems; land use; aquatic habitats; water resources management; waterfowl; sedimentation rates; prairies; bioindicators; potholes; USA; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of dry-weather pollutant entries into storm-drainage systems AN - 16681790; 3692101 AB - This article describes the results of a series of research tasks to develop a procedure to investigate non-storm-water (dry-weather) entries into storm-drainage systems. Dry-weather flows discharging from storm-drainage systems contribute significant pollutant loadings to receiving waters, and although they can originate from many sources, the most significant include sanitary wastewater, industrial- and commercial-pollutant entries, failing septic-tank systems, and vehicle-maintenance activities. Protocols are discussed to characterize the drainage area, locate and identify polluted outfalls, estimate the magnitudes of non-storm-water entries, and locate and correct the non-storm-water entries into the storm-drainage system. If these loadings are ignored (e.g., by only considering wet-weather storm-water runoff), only limited improvement in receiving-water conditions may occur with storm-water pollution-control programs. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Field, R AU - Pitt, R AU - Lalor, M AU - Brown, M AU - Vilkelis, W AU - Phackston, E AD - Storm and Combined Sewer Pollut. Control Prog., Risk Reduction Eng. Lab.-Cincinnati, U.S. EPA, Edison, NJ 08837-3679, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 1044 EP - 1066 VL - 120 IS - 5 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - storm water KW - storm-overflow sewers KW - pollutants KW - water pollution sources KW - storm runoff KW - urban runoff KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - drainage KW - runoff KW - water quality control KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16681790?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+dry-weather+pollutant+entries+into+storm-drainage+systems&rft.au=Field%2C+R%3BPitt%2C+R%3BLalor%2C+M%3BBrown%2C+M%3BVilkelis%2C+W%3BPhackston%2C+E&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1044&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - storm water; storm-overflow sewers; pollutants; water pollution sources; storm runoff; urban runoff; water quality control; drainage; runoff ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field scale testing of a hyperfiltration unit for removal of creosote and pentachlorophenol from ground water: Chemical and biological assessment AN - 16680418; 3692584 AB - Chemical analyses and biological response data were used to assess the efficacy of a field-scale hyperfiltration unit in the removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and other organic compounds from creosote- and pentachlorophenol (PCP)-contaminated ground water. The hyperfiltration unit consisted of four modules containing porous stainless steel tubes which were coated with a formed-in-place zirconium hydrous oxide-polyacrylic acid (ZOPA) membrane. A fivefold concentration of the feed water (80% volume reduction) with up to 97% removal of high molecular weight PAHs was achieved during pre-demonstration and field-demonstration runs of the hyperfiltration unit. Approximately 68% of PCP was removed by the unit. Removal of phenolics averaged 27% and 36%, respectively, for the two runs. Toxicological/teratogenic data for embryonic inland silversides, Menidia beryllina, indicated that 100%, 10%, and 1% solutions of the ground water sample, used in the pre-demonstration run, caused statistically significant (p less than or equal to 0.05) biological responses when compared to controls. Only the 1% solution of permeate in the pre-demonstration run was nontoxic/teratogenic. This 1% solution was also not very toxic in Microtox registered tests. The 5-min EC sub(50) was 56.44%. Acute toxicity tests with Ceriodaphnia dubia revealed a 48-h LC sub(50) of > 1% permeate. Similar results were obtained in the field-demonstration run of the hyperfiltration unit. In this run, feed water was toxic/teratogenic to Menidia beryllina embryos at 100%, 10%, and 1% concentrations. Permeate from the field-demonstration run was embryo toxic/teratogenic at 100% and 10% concentrations but not at 1%. The Microtox registered 5-min EC sub(50) was 58.50% at the 1% concentration and the Ceriodaphnia 48-h LC sub(50) was 5.6% permeate in the field-demonstration run. The Escambia County Utilities Authority set a pre-discharge requirement of non-toxicity to Ceriodaphnia dubia for 1% permeate solutions. Permeates from both runs, diluted to 1%, met the pre-condition of non-toxic responses in 48 h tests with Ceriodaphnia dubia. Meeting this requirement allowed for discharge of diluted permeate into the county's sanitary sewerage collector system. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Middaugh, D P AU - Thomas, R L AU - Lantz, SE AU - Heard, C S AU - Mueller, J G AD - Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, One Sabine Dr., Sabine Island, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561-3999, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 309 EP - 319 VL - 26 IS - 3 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - water pollution treatment KW - solute transport KW - creosote KW - USA, Florida, Escambia Cty. KW - groundwater contamination KW - pentachlorophenol KW - pollutant removal KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - phenols KW - toxicity KW - filtration KW - groundwater pollution KW - water pollution KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16680418?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Field+scale+testing+of+a+hyperfiltration+unit+for+removal+of+creosote+and+pentachlorophenol+from+ground+water%3A+Chemical+and+biological+assessment&rft.au=Middaugh%2C+D+P%3BThomas%2C+R+L%3BLantz%2C+SE%3BHeard%2C+C+S%3BMueller%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=Middaugh&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=309&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water pollution treatment; groundwater pollution; phenols; filtration; toxicity; solute transport; water pollution; creosote; pollutant removal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A benthic index of environmental condition of Gulf of Mexico estuaries AN - 16680149; 3692793 AB - An index was developed for estuarine macrobenthos in the Gulf of Mexico that discriminated between areas with degraded environmental conditions and areas with undegraded or reference conditions. Test sites were identified as degraded or reference based on criteria for dissolved oxygen levels, sediment toxicity tests, and sediment contamination. Discriminant analysis was used to identify a suite of measures of benthic community composition and diversity that would most successfully distinguish degraded from undegraded sites. The resultant benthic index was composed of a linear combination of three factors: the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, the proportion of total benthic abundance as tubificid oligochaetes, and the proportion of total benthic abundance as bivalve molluscs. This index was used to evaluate the spatial patterns of degraded benthic resources in the Gulf of Mexico. JF - Estuaries AU - Engle, V D AU - Summers, J K AU - Gaston, G R AD - Avanti Corp., c/o U.S. EPA, 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561-5299, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 372 EP - 384 VL - 17 IS - 2 SN - 0160-8347, 0160-8347 KW - Mexico Gulf KW - bioindicators KW - community composition KW - indicator species KW - marine pollution KW - oxygen KW - pollution indicators KW - sediment pollution KW - toxicity tests KW - zoobenthos KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - toxicity KW - species diversity KW - Brackish KW - dissolved oxygen KW - marine environment KW - benthos KW - sediments KW - Marine KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - D 04801:Pollution monitoring and detection KW - D 04001:Methodology - general KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - O 4080:Pollution - Control and Prevention KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - SW 0890:Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16680149?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries&rft.atitle=A+benthic+index+of+environmental+condition+of+Gulf+of+Mexico+estuaries&rft.au=Engle%2C+V+D%3BSummers%2C+J+K%3BGaston%2C+G+R&rft.aulast=Engle&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=372&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries&rft.issn=01608347&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - community composition; oxygen; pollution indicators; marine pollution; toxicity tests; benthos; sediment pollution; toxicity; dissolved oxygen; indicator species; marine environment; sediments; zoobenthos; species diversity; bioindicators; ASW, Mexico Gulf; Marine; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field-scale testing of a two-stage bioreactor for removal of creosote and pentachlorophenol from ground water: Chemical and biological assessment AN - 16679926; 3692585 AB - A two-stage, field-scale bioreactor system was used to determine the efficacy of bioremediation of creosote- and pentachlorophenol (PCP)-contaminated ground water at the abandoned American Creosote Works (ACW) site in Pensacola, Florida. In separate 15-day runs of the field-scale (454L) system, bioreactor performance in the presence of specially-selected microbial inoculants was compared to that observed using non-specific biomass. In the first run, Bioreactor #1 was amended with nutrients, surfactants and microorganisms (strains CRE 1-13) that were isolated from soil at ACW and selectively cultured for their ability to biodegrade monitored creosote constituents. After 4 days of organism acclimation and degradation of organic contaminants, the batch system was converted to a flow-through regime. Effluent was transferred to Bioreactor #2 where Pseudomonas paucimobilis strain EPA 505 and Pseudomonas sp. strain SR 3 were introduced. A second 15-day bioreactor run was conducted using indigenous bacteria and microorganisms from a waste water treatment facility that was designed to treat effluents containing PAHs and phenolics. Bioreactor performance was evaluated by chemical analysis of feed water initially pumped into Bioreactor #1 and clarified effluent from Bioreactor #2. These materials were also tested for toxic/teratogenic responses with developing embryonic Menidia beryllina, with Microtox registered 5-min EC sub(50) tests, and with Ceriodaphnia dubia 48-h LC sub(50) tests. Results obtained with specialty organisms in the first run of the field-scale bioreactor showed that, on average, 70.6% of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heterocycles were degraded. Only 36.9% of the pentachlorophenol (PCP) present was biodegraded, apparently because of low cell counts and incomplete induction of Pseudomonas sp. strain SR 3. A concomitant 67- to 74-fold decrease in toxicity was measured in Microtox registered 5-min EC sub(50) and Ceriodaphnia 48-h LC sub(50) values, respectively. No reduction in toxicity/teratogenicity was measurable in tests with embryonic M. beryllina. In the second 15-day run of the bioreactor, microorganisms from an industrial waste water treatment facility averaged 51.0% biodegradation of PAHs and heterocycles. Degradation of PCP was 81.0%, a value substantially higher than in the first run. An 87-fold reduction in toxicity was measured with the Microtox registered 5-min EC sub(50), but only a 2.9-fold reduction in acute toxicity was measured in the Ceriodaphnia 48-L LC sub(50) test. In the second bioreactor run, samples taken from Bioreactors #1 and #2 indicated reduced embryo toxicity/teratogenicity. At the 1% test concentration most embryos developed normally and hatched. Larvae were also normal. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Middaugh, D P AU - Lantz, SE AU - Heard, C S AU - Mueller, J G AD - Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, One Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561-3999, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 320 EP - 328 VL - 26 IS - 3 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - creosote KW - water pollution treatment KW - groundwater contamination KW - pentachlorophenol KW - pollutant removal KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - biological treatment KW - phenols KW - USA, Florida, Pensacola KW - toxicity KW - biodegradation KW - bioremediation KW - groundwater pollution KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16679926?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Field-scale+testing+of+a+two-stage+bioreactor+for+removal+of+creosote+and+pentachlorophenol+from+ground+water%3A+Chemical+and+biological+assessment&rft.au=Middaugh%2C+D+P%3BLantz%2C+SE%3BHeard%2C+C+S%3BMueller%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=Middaugh&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=320&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - groundwater pollution; creosote; phenols; water pollution treatment; biological treatment; toxicity; biodegradation; bioremediation; USA, Florida, Pensacola; pollutant removal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efforts to develop guidance on lake and reservoir bioassessment and biocriteria: Status and issues AN - 16679880; 3692796 AB - A work group was initially convened in 1992 by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to develop guidance on (1) how to assess the biological communities in lakes and reservoirs and (2) how to determine criteria to indicate the health of these communities. A revised draft of this guidance document is expected to be available in the fall of 1994. The purpose of this session will be two-fold. First, the progress of the work group to date will be presented, with particular focus on known outstanding concerns and issues. Secondly, an open discussion format will invite input from session participants on their concerns and questions regarding bioassessment and biocriteria for lakes and reservoirs. This input is essential to ensure that the guidance document will adequately address the concerns and needs of state, tribal and other programs responsible for the assessment and protection of lake and reservoir water quality. Some potential topics of discussion could include such questions as - What are the characteristics of biological integrity? What is the reference condition for a reservoir? What is the best indicator of biological health for different types of lake systems? Are paleolimnological techniques practical for state agencies to use? JF - Lake and Reservoir Management AU - Ratcliffe, S AU - Gibson, G AU - Liu, E AU - Sefton, D AD - U.S. EPA, 401 M St., SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 107 VL - 9 IS - 2 SN - 0743-8141, 0743-8141 KW - bioindicators KW - decision making KW - environmental monitoring KW - federal jurisdiction KW - freshwater lakes KW - guidelines KW - interagency cooperation KW - pollution indicators KW - reservoirs KW - reservoirs (water) KW - water resources management KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - protection KW - water quality KW - lakes KW - Freshwater KW - environmental protection KW - USA KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16679880?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lake+and+Reservoir+Management&rft.atitle=Efforts+to+develop+guidance+on+lake+and+reservoir+bioassessment+and+biocriteria%3A+Status+and+issues&rft.au=Ratcliffe%2C+S%3BGibson%2C+G%3BLiu%2C+E%3BSefton%2C+D&rft.aulast=Ratcliffe&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Lake+and+Reservoir+Management&rft.issn=07438141&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Abstract only. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - protection; water quality; environmental monitoring; freshwater lakes; pollution indicators; lakes; environmental protection; interagency cooperation; water resources management; reservoirs; federal jurisdiction; decision making; bioindicators; USA; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioaccumulation of chemical markers as a means for the field detection and verification of organophosphorus warfare agents AN - 16679594; 3692830 AB - This study investigates the viability of using common bivalve mollusks as bioaccumulators of marker compounds that can be used to verify the production or use of chemical warfare agents (CWAs). The bioaccumulation of synthetic contaminants in bivalve mollusks and other aquatic organisms is a widespread phenomenon, and the analysis of resident biota is an effective means of detecting and verifying the presence of contaminants and possibly identifying their anthropogenic source. The study reported in this paper demonstrates that detection and verification of the presence of CWAs (specifically, nerve agents VX and GB/Sarin) may be accomplished by a technique that measures the bioaccumulation of marker compounds in brackish-water clams. Newly developed, adapted, and refined analytical methods based on high-resolution gas chromatography (HRGC) and high-resolution gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (HRGC/MS) detect and confirm the presence of trace levels of two marker compounds in VX and GB, thereby verifying the presence of organophosphorus CWAs in the environment. This paper concentrates on the analytical methods developed to detect and identify these markers and to verify their bioaccumulation in the brackish-water clam Rangia cuneata. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Ferrario, J B AU - DeLeon, IR AU - Peuler, E A AD - U.S. EPA, OPP/Environ. Chem. Sect., Build. 1105, Stennis Space Cent., MS 39529-6000, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 1893 EP - 1897 VL - 28 IS - 11 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - bioindicators KW - brackishwater mollusks KW - chemical warfare agents KW - indicator species KW - military KW - military operations KW - organophosphorus compounds KW - phosphorus compounds KW - pollution indicators KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Rangia cuneata KW - bioaccumulation KW - gas chromatography KW - Mollusca KW - pollution effects KW - chemical pollution KW - Brackish KW - mass spectroscopy KW - aquatic organisms KW - brackish water KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16679594?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Bioaccumulation+of+chemical+markers+as+a+means+for+the+field+detection+and+verification+of+organophosphorus+warfare+agents&rft.au=Ferrario%2C+J+B%3BDeLeon%2C+IR%3BPeuler%2C+E+A&rft.aulast=Ferrario&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1893&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - gas chromatography; chemical pollution; aquatic organisms; brackish water; phosphorus compounds; indicator species; pollution indicators; mass spectroscopy; pollution effects; military operations; bioaccumulation; chemical warfare agents; organophosphorus compounds; bioindicators; Mollusca; military; Rangia cuneata; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and validation of an air-to-beef food chain model for dioxin-like compounds AN - 16678166; 3688943 AB - A model for predicting concentrations of dioxin-like compounds in beef is developed and tested. The key premise of the model is that concentrations of these compounds in air are the source term, or starting point, for estimating beef concentrations. Vapor-phase concentrations transfer to vegetations that cattle consume, and particle-bound concentrations deposit onto soils and these vegetations as well. Congener-specific bioconcentration parameters, coupled with assumptions on cattle diet, transform soil and vegetative concentrations into beef fat concentrations. The premise of the validation exercise is that a profile of typical air concentrations of dioxin-like compounds in a United States rural environment is an appropriate observed independent data set, and that a representative profile of United States beef concentrations of dioxin-like compounds is an appropriate observed dependent result. These data were developed for the validation exercise. An observed concentration of dioxin toxic equivalents in whole beef of 0.48 ng/kg is compared with a predicted 0.36 ng/kg. Principal uncertainties in the approach are identified and discussed. A major finding of this exercise was that vapor phase transfers of dioxin-like compounds to vegetations that cattle consume dominate the estimation of final beef concentrations: over 80% of the modeled beef concentration was attributed to such transfers. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Lorber, M AU - Cleverly, D AU - Schaum, J AU - Phillips, L AU - Schweer, G AU - Leighton, T AD - U.S. EPA, Exposure Assess. Group, Off. Health and Environ. Assess., Off. Res. and Dev., 401 M St., Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 39 EP - 65 VL - 156 IS - 1 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - models KW - beef KW - air KW - rural environments KW - TCDD KW - rural areas KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - food chains KW - food contamination KW - USA KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants KW - X 24156:Environmental impact KW - H SE4.24:FOOD CONTAMINATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16678166?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Development+and+validation+of+an+air-to-beef+food+chain+model+for+dioxin-like+compounds&rft.au=Lorber%2C+M%3BCleverly%2C+D%3BSchaum%2C+J%3BPhillips%2C+L%3BSchweer%2C+G%3BLeighton%2C+T&rft.aulast=Lorber&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=156&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; TCDD; food chains; food contamination; rural areas; models; beef; air; rural environments ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon sequestration, biological diversity, and sustainable development: Integrated forest management AN - 16677243; 3687886 AB - Tropical deforestation provides a significant contribution to anthropogenic increases in atmospheric CO sub(2) concentration that may lead to global warming. Forestation and other forest management options to sequester CO sub(2) in the tropical latitudes may fail unless they address local economic, social, environmental, and political needs of people in the developing world. Forest management is discussed in terms of three objectives: carbon sequestration, sustainable development, and biodiversity conservation. An integrated forest management strategy of land-use planning is proposed to achieve these objectives and is centered around: preservation of primary forest, intensified use of nontimber resources, agroforestry, and selective use of plantation forestry. JF - Environmental Management AU - Cairns, MA AU - Meganck, R A AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 13 EP - 22 VL - 18 IS - 1 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - forest management KW - tropical environment KW - carbon dioxide KW - tropical environments KW - Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - carbon cycle KW - global warming KW - biological diversity KW - D 04700:Management KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16677243?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Carbon+sequestration%2C+biological+diversity%2C+and+sustainable+development%3A+Integrated+forest+management&rft.au=Cairns%2C+MA%3BMeganck%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Cairns&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon cycle; biological diversity; carbon dioxide; global warming; tropical environments; forest management; tropical environment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coplanar PCB and metal residues in dolphins from the U.S. Atlantic coast including Atlantic bottlenose obtained during the 1987/88 mass mortality AN - 16672463; 3688707 AB - Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) collected during the 1987/88 mass mortality event along the Atlantic coast of the United States have been analyzed for coplanar PCBs No. 77, 105, 126 and 169 in blubber, and for the metals Hg, Pb, Cd, Mn, and Cr, and the non-metallic element Se in liver. Results have been compared to two reference species, common (Delphinus delphis) and white-sided (Lagenorhynchus acutus) dolphins. The three most toxic PCB congeners (No. 77, 126 and 169) contributed less than 1% of the total TCDD toxic equivalent concentration (TEC) calculated for all di-, mono- and non-ortho chlorine substituted PCBs in adult male animals. The total TEC for the four PCBs was approximately 4.5 times lower in adult female bottlenose than in male. The mean concentrations of Pb, Cd, Mn and Cr in adult male bottlenose dolphins were at or below the mean concentrations in the two reference species. The mean concentration of mercury was highest in adult female bottlenose dolphins. However, mercury concentrations in all animals studied correlated with selenium concentrations (r = 0.86) at a 1:1 mole ratio, indicating that selenium may protect these animals from mercury toxicity. JF - Chemosphere AU - Kuehl, D W AU - Haebler, R AU - Potter, C AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab.-Duluth, Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 1245 EP - 1253 VL - 28 IS - 6 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - PCB KW - PCB compounds KW - Tursiops truncatus KW - aquatic life KW - marine mammals KW - mortality causes KW - pollution effects KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - residues KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - USA, Atlantic Coast KW - bioaccumulation KW - ASW, USA KW - ANW, USA KW - toxicity KW - heavy metals KW - Marine KW - USA KW - metals KW - mortality KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16672463?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Coplanar+PCB+and+metal+residues+in+dolphins+from+the+U.S.+Atlantic+coast+including+Atlantic+bottlenose+obtained+during+the+1987%2F88+mass+mortality&rft.au=Kuehl%2C+D+W%3BHaebler%2C+R%3BPotter%2C+C&rft.aulast=Kuehl&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxicity; metals; marine mammals; mortality; mortality causes; pollution effects; heavy metals; PCB; bioaccumulation; residues; PCB compounds; polychlorinated biphenyls; aquatic life; Tursiops truncatus; ASW, USA; USA; ANW, USA; USA, Atlantic Coast; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The military's role in protection of the ozone layer AN - 16668254; 3682814 AB - In only a few years, U.S. industry and the military have developed and implemented substitute chemicals and processes that in most cases have eliminated the need for chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), halons, and other ozone-depleting substances (ODS). Moreover, they have done so in some of the most high-precision industrial applications, including inertial guidance systems for aircraft and missiles and fire safety systems for ships, aircraft, and armored vehicles. Through NATO's Committee on the Challenges of a Modern Society (CCMS), the U.S. military has ventured outside traditional alliances to promote technical exchanges with militaries from developing countries and even with the newly independent states of the former Soviet Union. These exchanges suggest that a proactive approach to environmental protection can both speed the military's adoption of new, environmentally friendly technologies and focus its research institutions on solving global environmental problems. More broadly, and perhaps even more significantly, military organizations may find that common environmental problems serve as a basis for establishing new relationships that otherwise would not be possible. JF - Environmental Science and Technology AU - Andersen, SO AU - Morehouse, ET Jr AU - Miller, A AD - EPA Stratospheric Prot. Div., Washington, DC 20001, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 586A EP - 5589 VL - 28 IS - 13 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - ozone depletion KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - USA KW - research programs KW - air pollution control KW - environmental protection KW - military KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16668254?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=The+military%27s+role+in+protection+of+the+ozone+layer&rft.au=Andersen%2C+SO%3BMorehouse%2C+ET+Jr%3BMiller%2C+A&rft.aulast=Andersen&rft.aufirst=SO&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=586A&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; military; environmental protection; air pollution control; research programs ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's regional clean lakes coordinators meeting with state/tribal/clean lakes project coordinators AN - 16666622; 3676273 AB - "Break-out" groups of the U.S. EPA Regional Clean Lakes Coordinators and State/Tribal lake program managers will meet to discuss Regional specific Clean Lakes Program issues. JF - Lake and Reservoir Management AU - Howard, W AU - Faber, T AU - Reighcott, T AU - Marshall, H AU - Davenport, T AU - Bira, M AU - Sheridan, L AU - Rathke, D AU - Smith, W AU - Mendelman, K AD - U.S. EPA Regional Clean Lakes Coordinators, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 107 VL - 9 IS - 2 SN - 0743-8141, 0743-8141 KW - Clean Lakes Program KW - Clean Water Act KW - decision making KW - ecosystem management KW - federal jurisdiction KW - freshwater lakes KW - interagency cooperation KW - management planning KW - pollution control KW - regulations KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality KW - Freshwater KW - environmental protection KW - USA KW - cooperatives KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions KW - Q5 08501:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16666622?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lake+and+Reservoir+Management&rft.atitle=U.S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency%27s+regional+clean+lakes+coordinators+meeting+with+state%2Ftribal%2Fclean+lakes+project+coordinators&rft.au=Howard%2C+W%3BFaber%2C+T%3BReighcott%2C+T%3BMarshall%2C+H%3BDavenport%2C+T%3BBira%2C+M%3BSheridan%2C+L%3BRathke%2C+D%3BSmith%2C+W%3BMendelman%2C+K&rft.aulast=Howard&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Lake+and+Reservoir+Management&rft.issn=07438141&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Abstract only. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water quality; ecosystem management; freshwater lakes; cooperatives; environmental protection; pollution control; interagency cooperation; management planning; regulations; federal jurisdiction; Clean Water Act; decision making; USA; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Macrophyte productivity and community development in created freshwater wetlands under experimental hydrological conditions AN - 16665366; 3671996 AB - Macrophyte biomass production and species richness were monitored from 1988 through 1991 in four created freshwater wetlands constructed on the floodplain of the Des Plaines River, Lake County, Illinois, USA. The wetlands were constructed in 1988 and pumping of river water began in 1989 under two different hydrologic regimes: two wetlands received high water inflow (equivalent to 40 cm/wk of water depth) and two received low flow (11 cm/wk). Biomass production showed no relationship to the hydrologic inflows after two years of experimentation, with both the highest and lowest production occurring in low flow wetlands. Rates of primary production increased between 1990 and 1991 under low flow conditions and decreased under high flow conditions, primarily as a result of the initial composition of the plant community. The change from dry conditions in 1988 to flooded conditions in 1989 altered the species composition in each wetland to include almost 100% wetland-adapted species. Similarity in species composition among the four wetlands diverged from 1988 to 1989 as the plant community adjusted to flooded conditions and then converged in both 1990 and 1991 as the wetlands developed. JF - Ecological Engineering AU - Fennessy AU - Cronk, J K AU - Mitsch, W J AD - Ohio EPA, 1800 Watermark Dr., Columbus, OH 43266-0149, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 469 EP - 484 VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 0925-8574, 0925-8574 KW - USA, Illinois, Des Plaines R. KW - artificial wetlands KW - community composition KW - hydrological regime KW - macrophytes KW - monitoring KW - primary production KW - productivity KW - species richness KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - flood plains KW - species diversity KW - hydrology KW - aquatic plants KW - wetlands KW - Q1 08462:Benthos KW - SW 0860:Water and plants KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - D 04200:Wetlands KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16665366?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Engineering&rft.atitle=Macrophyte+productivity+and+community+development+in+created+freshwater+wetlands+under+experimental+hydrological+conditions&rft.au=Fennessy%3BCronk%2C+J+K%3BMitsch%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Fennessy&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=469&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Engineering&rft.issn=09258574&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: Creating freshwater marshes. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hydrology; community composition; monitoring; wetlands; aquatic plants; primary production; flood plains; species diversity; artificial wetlands; species richness; macrophytes; productivity; hydrological regime; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of cadmium on limb regeneration in the northwestern salamander Ambystoma gracile AN - 16663137; 3676287 AB - Tests were conducted to determine the effects of cadmium on leg regeneration in larvae of the Northwestern salamander, Ambystoma gracile. Cadmium significantly affected limb regrowth (LOAEL = lowest observed adverse effect level) at 193.1 mu g/L in a 24-day test and at 44.6 mu g/L in a 10-day test. There were no significant adverse effects (NOAEL = no observed adverse effects level) at 48.9 mu g/L in 24-day and 12.8 mu g/L in 10-day tests. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Nebeker, A V AU - Schuytema, G S AU - Ott, S L AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 318 EP - 322 VL - 27 IS - 3 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - animal appendages KW - cadmium KW - heavy metals KW - leg KW - regeneration KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicity tests KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Ambystoma gracile KW - Freshwater KW - pollution effects KW - X 24164:Pathology KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16663137?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+cadmium+on+limb+regeneration+in+the+northwestern+salamander+Ambystoma+gracile&rft.au=Nebeker%2C+A+V%3BSchuytema%2C+G+S%3BOtt%2C+S+L&rft.aulast=Nebeker&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=318&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - regeneration; cadmium; toxicity tests; animal appendages; pollution effects; heavy metals; toxicity testing; leg; Ambystoma gracile; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's clean lakes program: Current status and issues AN - 16663120; 3676264 AB - The status of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Clean Lakes Program will be presented. There will be an open discussion on how the Clean Lakes Program can best serve the needs of the States, Native American Tribes, and citizens concerned with lake issues. Specific topics to be discussed might include the Clean Water Act section 305(b) lakes reporting requirements, criteria development for lakes, lake outreach efforts, and the future direction and strategy of the Federal Clean Lakes Program. JF - Lake and Reservoir Management AU - Ratcliffe, S AU - Icke, T AU - Sefton, D AD - U.S. EPA, 401 M St., SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 106 VL - 9 IS - 2 SN - 0743-8141, 0743-8141 KW - Clean Water Act KW - benefits KW - federal jurisdiction KW - freshwater lakes KW - government policy KW - pollution control KW - regulations KW - state jurisdiction KW - water law KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality KW - Freshwater KW - environmental protection KW - USA KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - Q5 08501:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16663120?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lake+and+Reservoir+Management&rft.atitle=U.S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency%27s+clean+lakes+program%3A+Current+status+and+issues&rft.au=Ratcliffe%2C+S%3BIcke%2C+T%3BSefton%2C+D&rft.aulast=Ratcliffe&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=106&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Behavioral+self-regulation+and+relations+to+academic+achievement+across+a+four+year+time+period&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Abstract only. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water quality; freshwater lakes; environmental protection; pollution control; water law; state jurisdiction; regulations; federal jurisdiction; Clean Water Act; benefits; USA; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) activity and biochemical characterization of rat visceral yolk-sac during gestation with or without trypan blue exposure AN - 16655638; 3662510 AB - Yolk-sacs from untreated Sprague-Dawley rat conceptuses were removed on gestational days (GD) 9 to 18 and examined for gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (AP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) activities. All enzyme activities were found to increase through gestation in total activity as well as in specific activity. Protein (PRO) and urea nitrogen (UN) were also found to increase through gestation whereas triglyceride (TRI) increased steadily from GD 9 to 13 and then appeared to plateau through GD 19. Additional rats were treated on GD 8 with 75 mg trypan blue (TB)/kg body weight and yolk-sacs taken on GD 9 to 18. Yolk-sac GGT and GOT activities from TB-treated rats were significantly higher than the respective controls during early gestation but recovered to or were lower than control levels during midgestation. GGT activity in treated rats was significantly higher than the controls on GD 15 and 16, and both GGT and GOT were significantly lower than controls on GD 17 and 18. JF - Reproductive Toxicology AU - Andrews, JE AU - Ebron-McCoy, M AU - Logsdon, T R AU - Richards, J AU - Rogers, J M AD - MD-67, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 405 EP - 410 VL - 8 IS - 5 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - gamma -glutamyltransferase KW - trypan blue KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - prenatal experience KW - yolk sac KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16655638?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Gamma-glutamyl+transferase+%28GGT%29+activity+and+biochemical+characterization+of+rat+visceral+yolk-sac+during+gestation+with+or+without+trypan+blue+exposure&rft.au=Andrews%2C+JE%3BEbron-McCoy%2C+M%3BLogsdon%2C+T+R%3BRichards%2C+J%3BRogers%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Andrews&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=405&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - yolk sac; prenatal experience ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Workshop on status of test methods for assessing potential of chemicals to induce respiratory allergic reactions AN - 16647131; 3681807 AB - Because of the association between allergy and asthma and the increasing incidence of morbidity and mortality due to asthma, there is growing concern over the potential of industrial chemicals to produce allergic reactions in the respiratory tract. Two classes of chemicals have been well studied in this area: diisocyanates and acid anhydrides. The Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics (OPPT) encounters such chemicals in their premanufacturing notice (PMN) program. This article is a summary of a workshop convened by OPPT in collaboration with EPA's Health Effects Research Laboratory to discuss presently available test methods that might be applied to potential chemical allergens during the PMN process, the types of chemicals that should be considered suspect, and the kinds of research and validation needed to improve our capability to make such predictions. JF - Inhalation Toxicology AU - Selgrade, M K AU - Zeiss, C R AU - Karol, M H AU - Sarlo, K AU - Kimber, I AU - Tepper, J S AU - Henry, M C AD - MD 92, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 303 EP - 319 VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 0895-8378, 0895-8378 KW - hypersensitivity KW - screening KW - methodology KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - chemicals KW - asthma KW - occupational exposure KW - allergens KW - respiratory system KW - toxins KW - mortality KW - industries KW - F 06845:Allergens KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - H SM10.24:PULMONARY DISEASES UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16647131?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Inhalation+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Workshop+on+status+of+test+methods+for+assessing+potential+of+chemicals+to+induce+respiratory+allergic+reactions&rft.au=Selgrade%2C+M+K%3BZeiss%2C+C+R%3BKarol%2C+M+H%3BSarlo%2C+K%3BKimber%2C+I%3BTepper%2C+J+S%3BHenry%2C+M+C&rft.aulast=Selgrade&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Inhalation+Toxicology&rft.issn=08958378&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxins; respiratory system; industries; allergens; occupational exposure; chemicals; asthma; mortality; hypersensitivity; screening; methodology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - MerA gene expression in aquatic environments measured by mRNA production and Hg(II) volatilization AN - 16645232; 3676084 AB - The relationship of merA gene expression (specifying the enzyme mercuric reductase) to mercury volatilization in aquatic microbial communities was investigated with samples collected at a mercury-contaminated freshwater pond, Reality Lake, in Oak Ridge, Tenn. Levels of merA mRNA transcripts and the rate of inorganic mercury [Hg(II)] volatilization were related to the concentration of mercury in the water and to heterotrophic activity in field samples and laboratory incubations of pond water in which microbial heterotrophic activity and Hg(II) concentration were manipulated. Levels of merA-specific mRNA and Hg(II) volatilization were influenced more by microbial metabolic activity than by the concentration of mercury. MerA-specific transcripts were detected in some samples which did not reduce Hg(II), suggesting that rates of mercury volatilization in environmental samples may not always be proportional to merA expression. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Nazaret, S AU - Jeffrey, W H AU - Saouter, E AU - Von Haven, R AU - Barkay, T AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 4059 EP - 4065 VL - 60 IS - 11 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge, Reality L. KW - aquatic life KW - aquatic microorganisms KW - biotesting KW - concentration KW - gene expression KW - genes KW - mRNA KW - merA gene KW - mercury KW - production KW - volatility KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - lakes KW - Freshwater KW - enzymes KW - water pollution KW - detoxification KW - marine environment KW - microorganisms KW - D 04001:Methodology - general KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - W2 32550:Energy, minerals KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16645232?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=MerA+gene+expression+in+aquatic+environments+measured+by+mRNA+production+and+Hg%28II%29+volatilization&rft.au=Nazaret%2C+S%3BJeffrey%2C+W+H%3BSaouter%2C+E%3BVon+Haven%2C+R%3BBarkay%2C+T&rft.aulast=Nazaret&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=4059&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - detoxification; biotesting; marine environment; genes; lakes; gene expression; enzymes; water pollution; microorganisms; mercury; concentration; aquatic microorganisms; production; mRNA; volatility; aquatic life; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of nitrogen source on crude oil biodegradation AN - 16642204; 3646278 AB - The effects of NH sub(4)C1 and KNO sub(3) on biodegradation of light Arabian crude oil by an oil-degrading enrichment culture were studied in respirometers. In poorly buffered sea salts medium, the pH decreased dramatically in cultures that contained NH sub(4)C1, but not in those supplied with KNO sub(3). The ammonia-associated pH decline was severe enough to completely stop oil biodegradation as measured by oxygen uptake. Regular adjustment of the culture pH allowed oil biodegradation to proceed normally. A small amount of nitrate accumulated in all cultures that contained ammonia, but nitrification accounted for less than 5% of the acid that was observed. The nitrification inhibitor, nitrapyrin, had no effect on the production of nitrate or acid in ammonia-containing cultures. When the culture pH was controlled, either by regular adjustment of the culture pH or by supplying adequate buffering capacity in the growth medium, the rate and extent of oil biodegradation were similar in NH sub(4)C1- and KNO sub(3)-containing cultures. The lag time was shorter in pH-controlled cultures supplied with ammonia than in nitrate-containing cultures. JF - Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology AU - Wrenn, BA AU - Haines, J R AU - Venosa, AD AU - Kadkhodayan, M AU - Suidan, M T AD - U.S. EPA, Risk Reduction Eng. Lab., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 279 EP - 286 VL - 13 IS - 5 SN - 0169-4146, 0169-4146 KW - crude oil KW - nitrogen sources KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - biodegradation KW - oil KW - A 01063:Utilization KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - W2 32510:Waste treatment, environment, pollution KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - J 02722:Biodegradation, growth, nutrition and leaching UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16642204?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+nitrogen+source+on+crude+oil+biodegradation&rft.au=Wrenn%2C+BA%3BHaines%2C+J+R%3BVenosa%2C+AD%3BKadkhodayan%2C+M%3BSuidan%2C+M+T&rft.aulast=Wrenn&rft.aufirst=BA&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=01694146&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biodegradation; nitrogen sources; oil; crude oil ER - TY - JOUR T1 - N-nitrosodiethylamine and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone induced morphological transformation of C3H/10T1/2CL8 cells expressing human cytochrome P450 2A6 AN - 16641928; 3652408 AB - Transfection of specific genes into cells capable of expressing chemically induced morphological cell transformation provides a valuable approach to study the mechanisms of action of carcinogens. A human cytochrome P450 isozyme, CYP2A6, has been successfully expressed from a retroviral vector in transformable C3H/10T1/2 (10T1/2) mouse embryo fibroblasts and these resulting 10T1/2 clones were evaluated for the cytotoxic and transforming activities of two nitrosamines, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN). 10T1/2 clone 29 cells, which expressed high levels of CYP2A6 activity, were responsive to the cytotoxic and morphological transforming effects of DEN or NNK on a concentration-related basis. In 10T1/2 clone 29 cells, DEN at 600 mu g/ml decreased cell survival to 67%, and induced 0.5 type II & III foci/dish. NNK at 400 mu g/ml administered to 10T1/2 clone 29 cells decreased survival to 57% and induced 0.43 type II & III foci/dish. Wild-type 10T1/2 cells and 10T1/2 clone 4 cells (infected with the vector but not expressing the CYP2A6 activity) were unresponsive. JF - Mutation Research AU - Nesnow, S AU - Beck, S AU - Rosenblum, S AU - Lasley, J AU - Tiano, H F AU - Hosokawa, M AU - Crespi, CL AU - Langenbach, R AD - Carcinog. and Metab. Branch, MD-86, Health Effects Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 93 EP - 102 VL - 324 IS - 3 SN - 0165-7992, 0165-7992 KW - N-nitrosodiethylamine KW - 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone KW - cytochrome P4502A6 KW - CYP2A6 gene KW - mice KW - 10T1/2 cells KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - mutagenicity testing KW - transformation KW - embryos KW - fibroblasts KW - gene expression KW - man KW - X 24200:Nitrosamines & related compounds KW - G 07221:Specific chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16641928?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research&rft.atitle=N-nitrosodiethylamine+and+4-%28methylnitrosamino%29-1-%283-pyridyl%29-1-butanone+induced+morphological+transformation+of+C3H%2F10T1%2F2CL8+cells+expressing+human+cytochrome+P450+2A6&rft.au=Nesnow%2C+S%3BBeck%2C+S%3BRosenblum%2C+S%3BLasley%2C+J%3BTiano%2C+H+F%3BHosokawa%2C+M%3BCrespi%2C+CL%3BLangenbach%2C+R&rft.aulast=Nesnow&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=324&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research&rft.issn=01657992&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mutagenicity testing; gene expression; transformation; man; fibroblasts; embryos ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toward improved collaboration among local, state, and federal agencies engaged in monitoring and assessment AN - 16640470; 3645925 JF - Journal of the North American Benthological Society AU - Yoder, C O AD - Ohio EPA, Div. Surface Water, Ecol. Assess. Sect., 1685 Westbelt Dr., Columbus, OH 43228, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 391 EP - 398 VL - 13 IS - 3 SN - 0887-3593, 0887-3593 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - government policy KW - planning KW - aquatic environment KW - resource management KW - D 04801:Pollution monitoring and detection UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16640470?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society&rft.atitle=Toward+improved+collaboration+among+local%2C+state%2C+and+federal+agencies+engaged+in+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.au=Yoder%2C+C+O&rft.aulast=Yoder&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society&rft.issn=08873593&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - government policy; planning; aquatic environment; resource management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influences of cartilaginous rings on tracheobronchial fluid dynamics AN - 16639444; 3637647 AB - Fluid dynamics patterns within tracheobronchial (TB) airways reflect interactions between cartilaginous rings and inspiratory flow rates. The results of supercomputer simulations performed herein were complex, yet systematic. The effects of cartilaginous rings upon TB fluid dynamics patterns were investigated using FIDAP software. A sequence of cartilaginous ring morphologies was examined. The distributions of rings varied from contiguous to spaced. A range of physiologically realistic flow conditions was simulated corresponding to these physical states: sedentary, light, and heavy activity. At the lowest inspiratory flow rate (14 L min super(-1)) the primary convection flow within an airway occupied a prominent portion of its cross-sectional area and ring effects were confined along the rough surface. At the highest inspiratory flow rate (120 L min super(-1)) the core flow was very narrow, with the disturbances created at the irregular walls being propagated to the very center of the airway. The fluid dynamics analyses have applications to both inhalation toxicology programs and aerosol therapy protocols, since the motion of entrained particles will be inherently affected by airstreams. JF - Inhalation Toxicology AU - Martonen, T B AU - Yang, Y AU - Xue, Z Q AD - Mail Drop 74, Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 185 EP - 203 VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 0895-8378, 0895-8378 KW - rings KW - Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - inhalation KW - cartilage KW - trachea KW - dynamics KW - fluids KW - toxicants KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - T 20018:Cartilage and cartilage diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16639444?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Inhalation+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Influences+of+cartilaginous+rings+on+tracheobronchial+fluid+dynamics&rft.au=Martonen%2C+T+B%3BYang%2C+Y%3BXue%2C+Z+Q&rft.aulast=Martonen&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Inhalation+Toxicology&rft.issn=08958378&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxicants; trachea; cartilage; fluids; dynamics; inhalation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Compensatory changes in the hippocampus following intradentate infusion of colchicine AN - 16636414; 3650424 AB - Direct infusion of colchicine into the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus kills granule cells and elicits behavioral, neurochemical and neuroanatomical changes. Colchicine-treated rats are less sensitive to the behavioral effects of cholinergic muscarinic receptor antagonists and more sensitive to cholinergic agonists. These behavioral changes are associated with time- and dose-dependent alterations in the cholinergic signal transduction mechanism. Carbachol-stimulated turnover of phosphoinositides is increased in the hippocampus of colchicine-treated rats; similar changes are not observed in the cortex or striatum of colchicine-treated animals. Intradentate colchicine produces a significant increase in choline- acetyltransferase activity and staining for acetylcholinesterase activity in the hippocampus, suggesting reactive synaptogenesis of cholinergic fibers. Other studies have shown that the integrity of the septohippocampal pathway is necessary for these colchicine-induced compensatory changes to occur. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Tandon, P AU - Barone, S Jr AU - Mundy, W R AU - Tilson, HA AD - Neurotoxicol. Div. (MD-74B), Health Effects Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 513 EP - 524 VL - 15 IS - 3 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - colchicine KW - phosphoinositides KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - dentate gyrus KW - behavior KW - hippocampus KW - hydrolysis KW - X 24115:Pathology KW - N3 11139:Toxicological and psychoactive drug correlates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16636414?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Compensatory+changes+in+the+hippocampus+following+intradentate+infusion+of+colchicine&rft.au=Tandon%2C+P%3BBarone%2C+S+Jr%3BMundy%2C+W+R%3BTilson%2C+HA&rft.aulast=Tandon&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=513&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hippocampus; behavior; dentate gyrus; hydrolysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling chlorine residuals in drinking-water distribution systems AN - 16632900; 3648003 AB - A mass-transfer-based model is developed for predicting chlorine decay in drinking-water distribution networks. The model considers first-order reactions of chlorine to occur both in the bulk flow and at the pipe wall. The overall rate of the wall reaction is a function of the rate of mass transfer of chlorine to the wall and is therefore dependent on pipe geometry and flow regime. The model can thus explain field observations that show higher chlorine decay rates associated with smaller pipe sizes and higher flow velocities. It has been incorporated into a computer program called EPANET that can perform dynamic water-quality simulations on complex pipe networks. The model is applied to chlorine measurements taken at nine locations over 53 h from a portion of the South Central Connecticut Regional Water Authority's service area. Good agreement with observed chlorine levels is obtained at locations where the hydraulics are well characterized. The model should prove to be a valuable tool for managing chlorine-disinfection practices in drinking-water distribution systems. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Rossman, LA AU - Clark, R M AU - Grayman, WM AD - Eng. and Cost Section, RREL, U.S. EPA, 26 W. M.L. King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 803 EP - 820 VL - 120 IS - 4 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - model studies KW - mass transfer KW - water distribution KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - USA, Connecticut KW - byproducts KW - drinking water KW - chemical reactions KW - water treatment KW - chlorine KW - disinfection KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - H SE3.21:WATER POLLUTION/WATER QUALITY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16632900?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Modeling+chlorine+residuals+in+drinking-water+distribution+systems&rft.au=Rossman%2C+LA%3BClark%2C+R+M%3BGrayman%2C+WM&rft.aulast=Rossman&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=803&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - model studies; drinking water; water treatment; chlorine; mass transfer; water distribution; byproducts; disinfection; chemical reactions; USA, Connecticut ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk assessment in the Environmental Protection Agency AN - 16632633; 3638777 AB - Risk assessment is the general process used to determine the potential risk of an adverse health effect occurring from exposure to an agent. It consists of a hazard identification, a dose-response evaluation, an exposure assessment and a risk characterization. At the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, risk assessments are used to estimate risks from environmental contaminants. Risk management uses the risk characterization along with such variables as economic, social, legal, technical, analytical and political factors to arrive at a regulatory level. The public is informed of regulatory actions prior to and after promulgation of the final rule through the process of risk communication. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Abernathy, C O AU - Roberts, W C AD - Hum. Risk Assess. Branch (4304), Off. Water, US EPA, 401 M St. S.W., Washington, DC 20460-0001, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 135 EP - 142 VL - 39 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - toxicity KW - federal regulations KW - EPA KW - dose-response effects KW - environmental health KW - risk assessment KW - public health KW - R2 23090:Policy and planning KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - H SM6.3:HAZARD DETERMINATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16632633?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Risk+assessment+in+the+Environmental+Protection+Agency&rft.au=Abernathy%2C+C+O%3BRoberts%2C+W+C&rft.aulast=Abernathy&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; risk assessment; environmental health; public health; federal regulations; toxicity; dose-response effects ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New roles for long term cropland diversion AN - 16632609; 3638725 AB - In the early 1980s, articles in this Journal made ambitious claims regarding long term cropland diversion. They said that the U.S. could dramatically reduce soil erosion while avoiding annual, paid diversion programs, which cost much more. The Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) now plays a central role in farm bill debates largely because it is delivering on those promises, while meeting wildlife needs, as well. Success opens up new opportunities to design effective programs based, again, on good analysis, but focusing more on wildlife and water quality benefits from crop diversions and on supporting resource management on land remaining in crop production. JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Ogg, C AU - Kuch, P AD - Agric. Policy Branch, EPA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 438 EP - 439 VL - 49 IS - 5 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality management KW - government supports KW - cropland KW - soil conservation KW - economic aspects KW - wildlife habitats KW - soil management KW - SW 2080:Watershed protection UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16632609?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.atitle=New+roles+for+long+term+cropland+diversion&rft.au=Ogg%2C+C%3BKuch%2C+P&rft.aulast=Ogg&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=438&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.issn=00224561&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - soil conservation; soil management; government supports; wildlife habitats; cropland; economic aspects; water quality management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of Monte Carlo simulation for human exposure assessment at a Superfund site AN - 16632231; 3645099 AB - This work presents a comparison of probabilistic and deterministic health risk estimates based on data from an industrial site in the northeastern United States. The risk assessment considered exposures to volatile solvents by drinking water ingestion and showering. Probability densities used as inputs included concentrations, contact rates, and exposure frequencies; dose-response inputs were single values. Deterministic risk estimates were calculated by the "reasonable maximum exposure" (RME) approach recommended by the EPA Superfund program. The RME noncarcinogenic risk fell between the 90th and the 95th percentile of the probability density; the RME cancer risk fell between the 95th percentile and the maximum. These results suggest that in this case (1) EPA's deterministic RME risk was reasonably protective, (2) results of probabilistic and deterministic calculations were consistent, and (3) commercially available software Monte Carlo software effectively provided multiple risk estimates recommended by recent EPA guidance. JF - Risk Analysis AU - Smith, R L AD - U.S. EPA, Region 3, 841 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 433 EP - 440 VL - 14 IS - 4 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - waste disposal sites KW - drinking water KW - USA, Northeast KW - Superfund KW - hazardous wastes KW - volatile organic compounds KW - risk assessment KW - public health KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - H SE3.21:WATER POLLUTION/WATER QUALITY KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16632231?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Use+of+Monte+Carlo+simulation+for+human+exposure+assessment+at+a+Superfund+site&rft.au=Smith%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Northeast; volatile organic compounds; drinking water; Superfund; waste disposal sites; hazardous wastes; public health; risk assessment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing potential bioavailability of metals in sediments: A proposed approach AN - 16631667; 3675884 AB - Due to anthropogenic inputs, elevated concentrations of metals frequently occur in aquatic sediments. In order to make defensible estimates of the potential risk of metals in sediments and/or develop sediment quality criteria for metals, it is essential to identify the fraction of the total metal in the sediments that is bioavailable. Studies with a variety of benthic invertebrates indicate that interstitial (pore) water concentrations of metals correspond very well with the bioavailability of metals in test sediments. Many factors may influence pore water concentrations of metals; however, in anaerobic sediments a key phase controlling partitioning of several cationic metals (cadmium, nickel, lead, zinc, copper) into pore water is acid volatile sulfide (AVS). In this paper, we present an overview of the technical basis for predicting bioavailability of cationic metals to benthic organisms based on pore water metal concentrations and metal-AVS relationships. Included are discussions of the advantages and limitations of metal bioavailability predictions based on these parameters, relative both to site-specific assessments and the development of sediment quality criteria. JF - Environmental Management AU - Ankley, G T AU - Thomas, NA AU - Di Toro, DM AU - Hansen, D J AU - Mahony, J D AU - Berry, W J AU - Swartz, R C AU - Hoke, R A AU - Garrison, A W AU - Allen, HE AU - Zarba, C S AD - U.S. EPA, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 331 EP - 337 VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Invertebrata KW - acid volatile sulfide KW - aquatic environments KW - bioavailability KW - heavy metals KW - interstitial water KW - methodology KW - pore water KW - sediment pollution KW - sulfides KW - zoobenthos KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - bioaccumulation KW - sediments KW - physicochemical properties KW - metals KW - aquatic environment KW - D 04801:Pollution monitoring and detection KW - D 04001:Methodology - general KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16631667?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Assessing+potential+bioavailability+of+metals+in+sediments%3A+A+proposed+approach&rft.au=Ankley%2C+G+T%3BThomas%2C+NA%3BDi+Toro%2C+DM%3BHansen%2C+D+J%3BMahony%2C+J+D%3BBerry%2C+W+J%3BSwartz%2C+R+C%3BHoke%2C+R+A%3BGarrison%2C+A+W%3BAllen%2C+HE%3BZarba%2C+C+S&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=633&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Child+Abuse+%26+Neglect&rft.issn=01452134&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chiabu.2012.07.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - metals; physicochemical properties; sediments; sediment pollution; zoobenthos; aquatic environment; sulfides; heavy metals; pore water; methodology; bioaccumulation; bioavailability; Invertebrata; interstitial water; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three-dimensional visualization of physiologically based kinetic model outputs AN - 16630449; 3665773 AB - Outputs from a physiologically based toxico-kinetic (PB-TK) model for fish were visualized by mapping time-series data for specific tissues onto a three-dimensional representation of a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The trout representation was generated in stepwise fashion: 1) cross-sectional images were obtained from an anesthetized fish using a magnetic resonance imaging system, 2) images were processed to classify tissue types and eliminate unnecessary detail, 3) processed images were imported to a visualization software package (Application Visualization System) to create a three-dimensional representation of the fish, encapsulating five volumes corresponding to the liver, kidney, muscle, gastrointestinal tract, and fat. Kinetic data for the disposition of pentachloroethane in trout were generated using a PB-TK model. Model outputs were mapped onto corresponding tissue volumes, representing chemical concentration as color intensity. The workstation software was then used to animate the images, illustrating the accumulation of pentachloroethane in each tissue during a continuous branchial (gill) exposure. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Nichols, J AU - Rheingans, P AU - Lothenbach, D AU - McGeachie, R AU - Skow, L AU - McKim, J AD - Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 952 EP - 956 VL - 102 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - N.M.R. KW - chemical kinetics KW - fish physiology KW - imagery KW - pentachloroethane KW - toxicity testing KW - toxico kinetics KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - toxicology KW - Brackish KW - Oncorhynchus mykiss KW - mathematical models KW - Freshwater KW - bioaccumulation KW - computer programs KW - computers KW - Q4 27240:Instrumentation and process engineering KW - X 24153:Metabolism KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16630449?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Three-dimensional+visualization+of+physiologically+based+kinetic+model+outputs&rft.au=Nichols%2C+J%3BRheingans%2C+P%3BLothenbach%2C+D%3BMcGeachie%2C+R%3BSkow%2C+L%3BMcKim%2C+J&rft.aulast=Nichols&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=952&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computer programs; computers; imagery; chemical kinetics; toxicology; mathematical models; fish physiology; bioaccumulation; toxicity testing; N.M.R.; Oncorhynchus mykiss; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 24-Hour control of body temperature in the rat: II. Diisopropyl fluorophosphate-induced hypothermia and hyperthermia AN - 16630365; 3662345 AB - Diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP) and other anticholinesterase (antiChE) agents have been found to induce marked hypothermic responses in laboratory rodents. To characterize the effects of DFP on autonomic and behavioral thermoregulation, rats of the Long-Evans strain were injected with DFP while housed in a temperature gradient. The gradient allowed for the measurement of selected ambient temperature (T sub(a)) and motor activity (MA) over a 6- to 7-day period. Core temperature (T sub(c)) and heart rate (HR) were also monitored simultaneously using radiotelemetry. Injection of the peanut oil vehicle led to transient elevations in T sub(c), HR, and MA, but no change in selected T sub(a). The next day animals were injected with DFP. DFP led to a marked reduction in T sub(c). The decrease in T sub(c) was accompanied by reductions in HR, MA, and selected T sub(a). During the first night after DFP, selected T sub(a) remained elevated as T sub(c) recovered to its preinjection level. The second 24-h period after 1.0 and 1.5 mg/kg DFP was associated with a significant elevation in the daytime T sub(c). In conclusion, with the option of using behavioral thermoregulatory responses, the hypothermic effects of acute DFP treatment are mediated by a selection for cooler T sub(a)s. An elevation in T sub(c) during recovery from acute DFP corroborates the many incidents of fever in humans exposed to anti-ChE agents. JF - Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior AU - Gordon, C J AD - MD-74B, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 747 EP - 754 VL - 49 IS - 3 SN - 0091-3057, 0091-3057 KW - diisopropyl fluorophosphate KW - organophosphates KW - rats KW - isoflurophate KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts KW - stress KW - thermoregulation KW - body temperature KW - fever KW - hypothermia KW - hyperthermia KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - Y 25507:Mammals (excluding primates) KW - Y 25817:Mammals (excluding primates) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16630365?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacology+Biochemistry+and+Behavior&rft.atitle=24-Hour+control+of+body+temperature+in+the+rat%3A+II.+Diisopropyl+fluorophosphate-induced+hypothermia+and+hyperthermia&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=747&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacology+Biochemistry+and+Behavior&rft.issn=00913057&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body temperature; thermoregulation; hypothermia; hyperthermia; fever; stress ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phytoplankton bloom frequencies in a population of small southeastern impoundments AN - 16629756; 3665762 AB - Phytoplankton biomass is a commonly used indicator of eutrophication because it measures values or human benefits of a lake (Carlson 1977, Reckhow and Chapra 1983, EPA 1988, EPA 1990). The biomass measurement most frequently used is corrected chlorophyll a (EPA 1988, EPA 1990). It has become a surrogate of its specificity and ease of analysis; therefore, chlorophyll a has become the eutrophication criterion of choice for a few USA states. Those states use the mean or instantaneous maximum concentrations to determine standards violations. Corrected chlorophyll a data were gathered for 17 small southeastern piedmont impoundments <648 ha (<1600 a) ranging in trophic state from mesotrophic to hypereutrophic. Working with the managerial concept that water-use impacts are more directly related to frequency of blooms than to mean seasonal values, regression equations were calculated to relate bloom frequency to seasonal mean chlorophyll a concentrations. The relationship between bloom frequency (chlorophyll a greater than or equal to 30 mu g/L) and mean chlorophyll a concentration in this study was very similar to that found for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (COE) impoundments. Based on this bloom frequency analysis, literature values, and experience, a mean growing season limit of less than or equal to 15 mu g/L of chlorophyll a is recommended for small southeastern piedmont water supply impoundments. For other water uses, a mean growing season chlorophyll a concentration of <25 mu g/L is recommended to maintain a minimal aesthetic environment for viewing pleasure, safe swimming, and good fishing and boating. JF - Lake and Reservoir Management AU - Raschke, R L AD - EPA, Reg. IV, Environ. Serv. Div., Ecol. Support Branch, Athens, GA 30605-2720, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 205 EP - 210 VL - 8 IS - 2 SN - 0743-8141, 0743-8141 KW - algal blooms KW - chlorophyll KW - chlorophylls KW - frequency KW - impoundments KW - inland water environment KW - measurement KW - pollution indicators KW - reservoirs KW - reservoirs (water) KW - trophic level KW - water quality control KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts KW - phytoplankton KW - biomass KW - lakes KW - Freshwater KW - USA, Southeast KW - algae KW - eutrophication KW - seasonal variations KW - K 03009:Algae KW - D 04310:Freshwater KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16629756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lake+and+Reservoir+Management&rft.atitle=Phytoplankton+bloom+frequencies+in+a+population+of+small+southeastern+impoundments&rft.au=Raschke%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Raschke&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Lake+and+Reservoir+Management&rft.issn=07438141&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - inland water environment; phytoplankton; biomass; pollution indicators; lakes; frequency; algae; measurement; eutrophication; impoundments; seasonal variations; water quality control; chlorophylls; algal blooms; reservoirs; trophic level; chlorophyll; USA, Southeast; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhalation studies of the genotoxicity of trichloroethylene to rodents AN - 16628693; 3666969 AB - Trichloroethylene (TCE) (CAS No. 79-01-6) is an industrial solvent used in degreasing, dry cleaning, and numerous other medical and industrial processes. Controlled inhalation studies were performed using male C57BL/6 mice and CD rats to determine if TCE can induce cytogenetic damage in vivo. Animals were exposed in groups of five to target concentrations of either 0, 5, 500, or 5000 ppm TCE for 6 h. Tissue samples were taken between 18 and 19 h post exposure. Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) in rats and splenocytes in mice were cultured and analyzed for the induction of sister-chromatid exchanges, chromosome aberrations, and micronuclei (MN) in cytochalasin B-blocked binucleated cells. Bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs) were analyzed for MN. The only positive response observed was for MN in rat bone marrow PCEs. TCE caused a statistically significant increase in MN at all concentrations, inducing an approximate fourfold increase over control levels at 5000 ppm. JF - Mutation Research AU - Kligerman, AD AU - Bryant, M F AU - Doerr, CL AU - Erexson, G L AU - Evansky, P A AU - Kwanyuen, P AU - McGee, J K AD - Dep. Genet. Toxicol., U.S. EPA, Mail Drop 68, Research Triangle Park, NC 27710, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 87 EP - 96 VL - 322 IS - 2 SN - 0165-1218, 0165-1218 KW - rats KW - trichloroethylene KW - rodents KW - mice KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - inhalation KW - lymphocytes KW - genotoxicity KW - chromosome aberrations KW - micronuclei KW - sister chromatid exchange KW - X 24155:Biochemistry KW - G 07221:Specific chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16628693?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research&rft.atitle=Inhalation+studies+of+the+genotoxicity+of+trichloroethylene+to+rodents&rft.au=Kligerman%2C+AD%3BBryant%2C+M+F%3BDoerr%2C+CL%3BErexson%2C+G+L%3BEvansky%2C+P+A%3BKwanyuen%2C+P%3BMcGee%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=Kligerman&rft.aufirst=AD&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=322&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research&rft.issn=01651218&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - genotoxicity; inhalation; chromosome aberrations; micronuclei; sister chromatid exchange; lymphocytes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carcinogenic evaluation of 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane via the mouse skin bioassay AN - 16625441; 3656464 AB - Female SENCAR mice initiated with 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane (DMDNB) and promoted with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorol-13-acetate (TPA) via the SENCAR mouse skin bioassay did not exhibit a significant increase in skin tumors. The mice received 20 mg/kg DMDNB divided into six intragastric doses over 2 weeks and were promoted three times per week for 20 weeks. JF - Journal of Applied Toxicology AU - Reddy, T V AU - Olson, G R AU - Daniel, F B AU - Robinson, M AD - Environ. Monitor. Syst. Lab., U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 231 EP - 233 VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 0260-437X, 0260-437X KW - 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane KW - mice KW - TPA KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - carcinogenicity KW - skin KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16625441?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Carcinogenic+evaluation+of+2%2C3-dimethyl-2%2C3-dinitrobutane+via+the+mouse+skin+bioassay&rft.au=Reddy%2C+T+V%3BOlson%2C+G+R%3BDaniel%2C+F+B%3BRobinson%2C+M&rft.aulast=Reddy&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=231&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Toxicology&rft.issn=0260437X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carcinogenicity; skin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimum macrobenthic sampling protocol for detecting pollution impacts in the Southern California Bight AN - 16620244; 3646153 AB - The optimum macrobenthic sampling protocol [sampling unit, sieve mesh size, and sample size (n)] was determined for detecting ecologically important pollution impacts in the Southern California Bight, U.S.A. Cost, in laboratory processing time, was determined for samples obtained using fourteen sampling units (0.005-0.1 m super(2) surface area) and two sieve mesh sizes (1.0 and 0.5 mm). Statistical power analyses for t-tests of means were performed to estimate the minimum sample size (n sub(min)) needed to reliably ( alpha = 0.05, 1 - beta greater than or equal to 0.95) reject the null hypothesis of no difference between a reference and both a stimulated and a degraded station on twelve measures of community structure. The optimum sampling protocol for detecting impacts was determined as that with the lowest total cost xn sub(min) on most measures. Five replicate, 0.02 m super(2) x 5 cm deep, 1.0 mm mesh samples per station could reliably distinguish reference from impacted conditions on nine or ten measures of community structure at less than one quarter of the cost of the standard sampling protocol of 5 replicate, 0.1 m super(2), 1.0 mm mesh samples per station. About 5 replicate, small (< 0.1 m super(2)), 1.0 mm mesh samples per station may often be optimal for detecting important structural changes in macrobenthic communities with naturally high species richness and abundance. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Ferraro, S P AU - Swartz, R C AU - Cole, F A AU - Deben, WA AD - U.S. EPA, Pac. Ecosyst. Branch, ERL-N, Hatfield Mar. Sci. Cent., 2111 S.E. Marine Science Dr., Newport, OR 97365-5260, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 127 EP - 153 VL - 29 IS - 2 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - USA, California, Southern California Bight KW - benthos collecting devices KW - biological sampling KW - cost analysis KW - marine environments KW - methodology KW - sampling KW - sampling methods KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - marine pollution KW - benthos KW - INE, USA, California, Southern California Bight KW - pollution effects KW - Marine KW - pollution monitoring KW - environmental impact KW - statistical analysis KW - zoobenthos KW - D 04801:Pollution monitoring and detection KW - D 04001:Methodology - general KW - O 4080:Pollution - Control and Prevention KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16620244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Optimum+macrobenthic+sampling+protocol+for+detecting+pollution+impacts+in+the+Southern+California+Bight&rft.au=Ferraro%2C+S+P%3BSwartz%2C+R+C%3BCole%2C+F+A%3BDeben%2C+WA&rft.aulast=Ferraro&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pollution monitoring; sampling; biological sampling; cost analysis; marine pollution; environmental impact; benthos collecting devices; statistical analysis; benthos; pollution effects; zoobenthos; methodology; sampling methods; INE, USA, California, Southern California Bight; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential effect of tetrazolium dyes upon bacteriophage plaque assay titers AN - 16617776; 3639583 AB - This study examined whether the practice of incorporating either tetrazolium red or tetrazolium violet dye into plaque assay medium deleteriously influences plaque assay titers. Representative members of six different virus families were studied: Cystoviridae ( Phi 6), Leviviridae (MS2), Microviridae ( Phi X174), Myoviridae (T2), Podoviridae (P22), and Siphoviridae (Denver, T1, and VD13). Each of the members of the Podoviridae and Siphoviridae families appeared to be suppressed by either one or both dyes at a 300- mu g/ml concentration. The chosen representatives of the other bacteriophage families were not suppressed by either dye at a 300- mu g/ml concentration. Subsequent trials revealed no suppression of Podoviridae or Siphoviridae plaque assay titers when members of these virus families were tested with the same two dyes at the lower concentrations of 150 and 50 mu g/ml. Interestingly, the bacteriophage families whose members were affected by the dyes have additional commonality in that they are the two bacteriophage families whose members possess both double-stranded DNA genomes and noncontractile tails. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Hurst, C J AU - Blannon, J C AU - Hardaway, R L AU - Jackson, W C AD - Risk Reduction Eng. Lab., U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 3462 EP - 3465 VL - 60 IS - 9 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Siphoviridae KW - Leviviridae KW - assays KW - dyes KW - Cystoviridae KW - Myoviridae KW - phages KW - Podoviridae KW - Microviridae KW - A 01114:Viruses KW - V 22022:Virus assay UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16617776?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Differential+effect+of+tetrazolium+dyes+upon+bacteriophage+plaque+assay+titers&rft.au=Hurst%2C+C+J%3BBlannon%2C+J+C%3BHardaway%2C+R+L%3BJackson%2C+W+C&rft.aulast=Hurst&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=3462&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cystoviridae; Leviviridae; Microviridae; Myoviridae; Podoviridae; Siphoviridae; dyes; phages; assays ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scoping the chemicals in your drinking water AN - 16617577; 3639448 AB - Among the more predominant chlorination DBPs are trihalomethanes (THMs), and one of these THMs - chloroform - has been linked to cancer in laboratory animals. As a result, EPA has set the maximum contaminant level for total THMs at 0.10 mg/L. Alternative disinfectants, such as chlorine dioxide and ozone, do not produce significant levels of THMs. Consequently, to comply with the THM regulations, many water utilities have switched from chlorine to alternative disinfectants, and more water utilities are expected to change their treatment processes in the future. JF - Today's Chemist at Work AU - Richardson, S D AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Athens, GA, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 29 EP - 32 VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 1062-094X, 1062-094X KW - trihalomethanes KW - microbial contamination KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality KW - byproducts KW - drinking water KW - water treatment KW - chlorination KW - disinfection KW - public health KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - H SE3.21:WATER POLLUTION/WATER QUALITY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16617577?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Today%27s+Chemist+at+Work&rft.atitle=Scoping+the+chemicals+in+your+drinking+water&rft.au=Richardson%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Richardson&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Today%27s+Chemist+at+Work&rft.issn=1062094X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - drinking water; chlorination; disinfection; byproducts; public health; water quality; water treatment; trihalomethanes; microbial contamination ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative toxicity of chemicals to earthworms AN - 16615696; 3640425 AB - The concentration-response (mortality) relationships of four species of earthworms, Eisenia fetida (Savigny), Allolobophora tuberculata (Eisen), Eudrilus eugeniae (Kinberg), and Perionyx excavatus (Perrier) are summarized for 62 chemicals and two test protocols. A Weibull function is used to summarize these data for each chemical in terms of sensitivity and toxicity, in addition to the LC50. The estimation of the Weibull parameters a and k summarize the entire concentration-response relationship. This technique should be applicable to a variety of testing protocols with different species whenever the goal is summarizing the shape of the concentration-response curves to fully evaluate chemical impact on organisms. In some cases for these data four orders of magnitude separate LC50s of the soil test and the contact test for the same chemical and species. All four species appear to be similar in range of toxicity and tolerance to these chemicals, suggesting that Eisenia fetida may be representative of these four species and these chemicals. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Callahan, CA AU - Shirazi, MA AU - Neuhauser, E F AD - U.S. EPA, 200 S.W. 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 291 EP - 298 VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Allolobophora tuberculata KW - Eudrilus eugeniae KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - chemicals KW - Eisenia fetida KW - Perionyx excavatus KW - dose-response effects KW - mortality KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16615696?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Comparative+toxicity+of+chemicals+to+earthworms&rft.au=Callahan%2C+CA%3BShirazi%2C+MA%3BNeuhauser%2C+E+F&rft.aulast=Callahan&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Eisenia fetida; Perionyx excavatus; chemicals; toxicity testing; mortality; dose-response effects ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impairment of growth and immune function of avocet chicks from sites with elevated selenium, arsenic, and boron AN - 16614885; 3639860 AB - Avocets (Recurvirostra americana) hatched from eggs collected from the south Central Valley of California (USA) were studied to determine the impact of elevated concentrations of selenium, arsenic, and boron on the immune system and growth to maturity. Corcoran ponds were the reference site with low selenium (1.2 ppb) and arsenic (29 ppb) (boron not measured). Westfarmers Pond had elevated concentrations of selenium (319 ppb), arsenic (127 ppb), and boron (109 ppm). Pryse ponds also had elevated selenium, arsenic, and boron concentrations (13.9 ppb, 1,100 ppb, and 29.4 ppm, respectively). Size at hatch was significantly reduced in birds from Westfarmers and Pryse ponds. The growth rate was faster, but mean adult size was reduced in birds from Pryse ponds. Avocet chicks from Pryse and Westfarmers ponds exposed solely through in ovo transfer of these elements had significantly increased heterophil:lymphocyte ratios. The phagocytic activity of macrophages also was significantly reduced in these birds, and Pryse Pond birds had an increased proliferative ability of lymphocytes in the presence of concanavalin A, a T-cell mitogen. Avocet chicks ( less than or equal to 5 wk old) were captured from the various ponds and the same morphometric and immune function measurements made. The birds that were most severely impacted by exposure to these compounds were those that were collected from Pryse ponds. JF - Journal of Wildlife Diseases AU - Fairbrother, A AU - Fix, M AU - O'Hara, T AU - Ribic, CA AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 222 EP - 233 VL - 30 IS - 2 SN - 0090-3558, 0090-3558 KW - selenium KW - arsenic KW - boron KW - aquatic birds KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - immunosuppression KW - Recurvirostra americana KW - inhibitors KW - juveniles KW - inhibition KW - Freshwater KW - USA, California, Tulare Basin KW - immunity KW - immune response KW - pollution effects KW - contamination KW - growth KW - X 24166:Environmental impact UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16614885?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Wildlife+Diseases&rft.atitle=Impairment+of+growth+and+immune+function+of+avocet+chicks+from+sites+with+elevated+selenium%2C+arsenic%2C+and+boron&rft.au=Fairbrother%2C+A%3BFix%2C+M%3BO%27Hara%2C+T%3BRibic%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Fairbrother&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=222&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Wildlife+Diseases&rft.issn=00903558&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Recurvirostra americana; USA, California, Tulare Basin; contamination; growth; inhibition; immune response; immunosuppression; pollution effects; juveniles; immunity; inhibitors; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of toluene inhalation on detection of auditory signals in rats AN - 16611075; 3682523 AB - Inhalation of organic solvents can affect vigilance and reaction time in humans. An animal model of vigilance was designed to assess the effects of toluene on these processes. Adult male Long-Evans rats were trained to detect auditory signals (20-msec increases in the intensity of white noise). Two to 4 s after each signal (or blank period), two retractable levers were inserted into the test chamber. A press on one lever after a signal and on the other lever after a blank resulted in the delivery of food. Signal detection analysis showed that sensitivity (Sensitivity Index, SI) and response bias (Responsivity Index, RI) increased with signal intensity, indicating that loud signals were more detectable than soft signals and that the animals' criterion for responding "signal" increased with signal intensity. Neither signal intensity nor the duration of toluene exposure before testing altered these effects of toluene. SI, RI, and latency baselines were recovered after toluene exposure indicating that no persistent effects of toluene were detectable. JF - Neurotoxicology and Teratology AU - Bushnell, P J AU - Kelly, K L AU - Crofton, K M AD - Neurotoxicol. Div., MD 74B, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 149 EP - 160 VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - toluene KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - solvents KW - ear KW - ototoxicity KW - auditory stimuli KW - X 24151:Acute exposure KW - N3 11016:Auditory and vestibular systems (including echolocation) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16611075?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+toluene+inhalation+on+detection+of+auditory+signals+in+rats&rft.au=Bushnell%2C+P+J%3BKelly%2C+K+L%3BCrofton%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Bushnell&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - auditory stimuli; ototoxicity; solvents; ear ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Formation of DNA adducts in rat lung following chronic inhalation of diesel emissions, carbon black and titanium dioxide particles AN - 16607232; 3677292 AB - Exposure of rats to diesel emissions results in the development of lung tumors. The objective of this study was to determine whether the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), nitro-PAHs or other polycyclic organic matter adsorbed to diesel particles induces the formation of DNA adducts in the lung when compared to particles with little or no adsorbed organic matter. Rats were exposed to diesel emissions containing particles with over 30% solvent-extractable adsorbed organic matter and to particles with <0.1% adsorbed organic matter (carbon black particles and TiO sub(2)). Wistar rats were exposed to diesel emissions (7.5 mg/m super(3)) for 2 months, 6 months and 2 years and for 2 years to carbon black (11.3 mg/m super(3)) and TiO sub(2) particles (10.4 mg/m super(3)) to compare tumorigenic response and DNA adduct formation in the lung. Two versions of the super(32)P-postlabeling assay for the detection of DNA adducts were used to tentatively identify nitrated-amine or arylamine adducts formed relative to other nitro PAH based on the demonstrated sensitivity of these adducts to nuclease P1 treatment. Total adduct levels were determined for peripheral lung tissue DNA as detected in a diagonal radioactive zone. One major adduct which migrated outside this region (adduct 1) and a nuclease P1-sensitive adduct (adduct 2) were quantitated separately. Adduct 1 increased significantly over time in the filtered air exposed animals but decreased markedly at the 2 year time points regardless of particle type, presumably as a result of adduct dilution through de novo cell synthesis or cell proliferation invoked in response to particle loading and/or effect on the endogenous synthesis or degradation of DNA reactive moieties. The nuclease sensitive adduct (adduct 2), possibly resulting from exposure to nitro-PAHs, was detected in diesel-exposed rats but was not detected in the rats exposed to TiO sub(2) and carbon black. No significant elevation in PAH-derived adducts, relative to the filtered air controls, was observed in the rodents exposed to diesel emission. Our data suggest that long-term contact with these particles may result in a cell proliferative response, enhanced degradation of I-compounds not related to cell proliferation, and/or synthesis of I-compounds, irrespective of the differences in organic content associated with the three particle types. This response may be an important factor in explaining the reported similarity in tumorigenic response in rodents exposed to diesel emissions, carbon black and TiO sub(2) particles. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Gallagher, J AU - Heinrich, U AU - George, M AU - Hendee, L AU - Phillips, D H AU - Lewtas, J AD - Health Effects Res. Lab., MD68A, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 1291 EP - 1299 VL - 15 IS - 7 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - rats KW - diesel KW - carbon (activated) KW - titanium dioxide KW - petroleum KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - DNA adducts KW - lung KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - exhausts KW - chronic exposure KW - N 14630:Chemical reactions & interactions, including effects of radiation KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16607232?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Formation+of+DNA+adducts+in+rat+lung+following+chronic+inhalation+of+diesel+emissions%2C+carbon+black+and+titanium+dioxide+particles&rft.au=Gallagher%2C+J%3BHeinrich%2C+U%3BGeorge%2C+M%3BHendee%2C+L%3BPhillips%2C+D+H%3BLewtas%2C+J&rft.aulast=Gallagher&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA adducts; lung; chronic exposure; exhausts; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Maternal toxicity and the identification of inorganic arsenic as a developmental toxicant AN - 16606432; 3669064 AB - Assessment of the potential developmental toxicity of arsenic in humans must be based entirely on the extensive animal literature; no appropriate human data are available. Hazard identification of developmental toxicity of arsenic in animal studies is complicated by the co-occurrence of maternal and developmental toxicity when the pregnant dam is exposed to the toxicant. Current regulatory guidance requires that, when maternal and developmental toxicity occur at the same or similar doses, detailed consideration needs to be given to whether development toxicity is secondary to maternal toxicity or whether it represents a distinct hazard. In this review, these principles were applied to the relatively large database of animal studies available for hazard identification of inorganic arsenic as a developmental toxicant. It is concluded that maternal and developmental toxicity occur in the same dose range for this potent cytotoxicant, although differential no observed adverse effect levels can be identified depending on the endpoints used. JF - Reproductive Toxicology AU - Golub AD - Cal/EPA-OEHHA, 601 N. 7th St., P.O. Box 942732, Sacramento, CA 94234-7320, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 283 EP - 295 VL - 8 IS - 4 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - arsenic KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity KW - reviews KW - risk assessment KW - teratogenicity KW - H SE4.20:POISONS AND POISONING KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - X 24162:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16606432?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Maternal+toxicity+and+the+identification+of+inorganic+arsenic+as+a+developmental+toxicant&rft.au=Golub&rft.aulast=Golub&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; teratogenicity; reviews; toxicity; risk assessment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of Desulfomicrobium escambium sp. nov. and proposal to assign Desulfovibrio desulfuricans strain Norway 4 to the genus Desulfomicrobium AN - 16606139; 3676954 AB - A sulfate-reducing bacterium, designated strain ESC1, was isolated and found to be a new species. Strain ESC1 is a strictly anaerobic, gram-negative, non-spore-forming, motile, short, round-ended rod often occurring in pairs. Of 31 fermentative substrates tested, only pyruvate was utilized. Sulfate enhanced growth with pyruvate and allowed growth with ethanol, lactate, formate and hydrogen. Both sulfate and thiosulfate were reduced. Lactate was incompletely oxidized to acetate and CO sub(2). The strain was desulfoviridin negative. The G + C content is 59.9%. These data suggested placement of strain ESC1 in the genus Desulfomicrobium. Comparative 16S rRNA analysis showed that strain ESC1 shares 98% rRNA sequence similarity with Desulfomicrobium baculatum and Desulfovibrio desulfuricans strain Norway 4. The latter two strains shared greater than 99% 16S rRNA sequence similarity. Strain ESC1 has been designated as the new species Desulfomicrobium escambium. We also recommend that D. desulfuricans strain Norway 4 be considered for reclassification as a Desulfomicrobium species. JF - Archives of Microbiology AU - Sharak Genthner, BR AU - Mundfrom, G AU - Devereux, R AD - Avanti Corp., c/o U.S. EPA Environ. Res. Lab., 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 215 EP - 219 VL - 161 IS - 3 SN - 0302-8933, 0302-8933 KW - Desulfomicrobium escambium KW - sp. nov. KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - nomenclature KW - characterization KW - Desulfovibrio desulfuricans KW - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16606139?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+Desulfomicrobium+escambium+sp.+nov.+and+proposal+to+assign+Desulfovibrio+desulfuricans+strain+Norway+4+to+the+genus+Desulfomicrobium&rft.au=Drews%2C+Celia+Avant&rft.aulast=Drews&rft.aufirst=Celia&rft.date=2008-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Resource+allocation+and+individual+student+achievement+over+time&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Desulfovibrio desulfuricans; characterization; nomenclature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mining impacts on fish assemblages in the Eagle and Arkansas Rivers, Colorado AN - 16600318; 3662018 AB - Fish were collected at 18 sites in the Arkansas (N=6) and Eagle (N=12) rivers. Richness at all sites was low (1-3 species). Analyses of fish assemblage data from the Arkansas and Eagle rivers and their tributaries suggested significant differences among sites subject to mine impacts and control or recovering sites. Native taxa were collected at only one site in the Arkansas River drainage (Oncorhynchus clarki clarki) and only at the Eagle River control sites (Paiute sculpins, Cottus beldingi). JF - Journal of freshwater ecology. La Crosse, WI AU - McCormick, F H AU - Hill, B H AU - Parrish, L P AU - Willingham, W T AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Monit. Syst. Lab., 3411 Church St., Cincinnati, OH 45244, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 175 EP - 180 VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 0270-5060, 0270-5060 KW - Cottus beldingi KW - endemic species KW - environmental factors KW - freshwater fish KW - indigenous species KW - mine tailings KW - mines KW - species richness KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - community composition KW - USA, Colorado, Arkansas R. KW - Freshwater KW - Pisces KW - freshwater pollution KW - pollution effects KW - species diversity KW - pollution monitoring KW - rivers KW - USA, Colorado, Eagle R. KW - Oncorhynchus clarki clarki KW - USA, Colorado KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - D 04668:Fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16600318?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+freshwater+ecology.+La+Crosse%2C+WI&rft.atitle=Mining+impacts+on+fish+assemblages+in+the+Eagle+and+Arkansas+Rivers%2C+Colorado&rft.au=McCormick%2C+F+H%3BHill%2C+B+H%3BParrish%2C+L+P%3BWillingham%2C+W+T&rft.aulast=McCormick&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+freshwater+ecology.+La+Crosse%2C+WI&rft.issn=02705060&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental factors; community composition; pollution monitoring; freshwater fish; freshwater pollution; endemic species; mine tailings; pollution effects; rivers; species diversity; indigenous species; mines; species richness; Pisces; Oncorhynchus clarki clarki; USA, Colorado; USA, Colorado, Arkansas R.; USA, Colorado, Eagle R.; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Meeting the goal of biological integrity in water-resource programs in the US Environmental Protection Agency AN - 16599833; 3681978 AB - Biological integrity is emerging as an important focus within the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for assessing the condition of the Nation's surface waters and documenting the success of water-resource restoration and protection. This paper traces the concept of biological integrity and its role in EPA's water resource programs and discusses the need for increased collaboration among basic and applied scientists and the government in developing scientifically sound biological measures. JF - Journal of the North American Benthological Society AU - Jackson, S AU - Davis, W AD - Off. Water, U.S. EPA, 401 M St., SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 592 EP - 597 VL - 13 IS - 4 SN - 0887-3593, 0887-3593 KW - ecosystem analysis KW - government policy KW - biological diversity KW - government policies KW - environmental policy KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - water quality KW - environmental quality KW - species diversity KW - surface water KW - USA KW - water resources KW - D 04700:Management KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - SW 4010:Techniques of planning KW - D 04300:Aquatic ecosystems - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16599833?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society&rft.atitle=Meeting+the+goal+of+biological+integrity+in+water-resource+programs+in+the+US+Environmental+Protection+Agency&rft.au=Jackson%2C+S%3BDavis%2C+W&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=592&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society&rft.issn=08873593&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental quality; water resources; environmental policy; water quality; surface water; species diversity; USA; biological diversity; government policies; ecosystem analysis; government policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of three concentrations of mixed fatty acids on dechlorination of tetrachloroethene in aquifer microcosms AN - 16593082; 3654411 AB - Chloroethenes are among the most common organic contaminants of ground water. The biotransformation of these compounds by reductive dechlorination is a promising technology for in situ treatment. The effects of three concentrations of a fatty acids mixture on the reductive dehalogenation of tetrachloroethene (PCE) were studied in methanogenic microcosms. These microcosms were constructed with slurries of aquifer solids collected from an area impacted both by aviation gasoline and chlorinated ethenes at Traverse City, Michigan. The microcosms were amended with approximately 30 mu M PCE and one of three concentrations (0.1, 1, or 10 mM total acids) of a mixture of low-molecular-weight organic acids, or were part of a control set that received no amendment. The observed lag or adaptation times before the onset of PCE dehalogenation were 51 d (10 mM acids), 65 d (1 mM acids), 86 d (0.1 mM acids), and >233 d (no acids). After 233 d of incubation, no PCE was detectable in any of the fatty-acid-supplemented microcosms, but 23 to 27 mu M of combined tri- and dichloroethenes (TCEs, DCEs) was detected. PCE was not dechlorinated in microcosms without a fatty acid supplement. Although there were observed differences in the length of the lag time, the amount of ultimately dechlorinated PCE was similar. A zero-order rate constant of 0.3 mu M/d was calculated for PCE dechlorination and for TCE dechlorination for two series of microcosms receiving 0.1 and 1.0 mM fatty acid supplements. Of the fatty acids tested in the mixture, butyrate oxidation appeared to be the most probable link to PCE dechlorination. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Gibson, SA AU - Roberson, D S AU - Russell, H H AU - Sewell, G W AD - U.S. EPA, Robert S. Kerr Environ. Res. Lab., Ada, OK 74820, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 453 EP - 460 VL - 13 IS - 3 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - USA, Michigan, Traverse KW - anaerobic conditions KW - aquifers KW - chloroethenes KW - cores KW - dechlorination KW - field tests KW - gasoline KW - ground water KW - groundwater contamination KW - methanogenic bacteria KW - microcosms KW - organochlorine compounds KW - pollutants KW - sediment pollution KW - tetrachloroethene KW - water pollution effects KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - solvents KW - biodegradation KW - groundwater pollution KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - fatty acids KW - biogeochemistry KW - sediments KW - water pollution KW - bioremediation KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - A 01016:Microbial degradation KW - Q4 27480:Environmental Applications/Impact KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16593082?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Effects+of+three+concentrations+of+mixed+fatty+acids+on+dechlorination+of+tetrachloroethene+in+aquifer+microcosms&rft.au=Gibson%2C+SA%3BRoberson%2C+D+S%3BRussell%2C+H+H%3BSewell%2C+G+W&rft.aulast=Gibson&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=453&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; biodegradation; biogeochemistry; fatty acids; pollutants; sediment pollution; bioremediation; cores; ground water; microcosms; solvents; groundwater pollution; dechlorination; sediments; water pollution; anaerobic conditions; aquifers; methanogenic bacteria; organochlorine compounds; gasoline; field tests; water pollution effects; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Resistance patterns to salinity and temperature in an estuarine mysid (Mysidopsis bahia) in relation to its life cycle AN - 16591311; 3654356 AB - Survival of the estuarine mysid Mysidopsis bahia was monitored in the laboratory from juvenile through maturation to an adult under various combinations of salinity (3-31ppt S) and temperature (19-31 degree C). Salinity had a greater influence on mysid survival than did temperature. Salinity tolerance was strongly modified by temperature with maximum tolerance at intermediate temperatures. Salinity-temperature interactions on mysid survival varied with age of the mysid. Canonical analysis of weekly resistance patterns produced absolute maximum survival combinations for salinity and temperature which changed over time. The salinity-temperature tolerance ranges described for this estuarine mysid correspond with previously described physiological capabilities and distribution patterns. JF - Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, A AU - McKenney, CL Jr AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 199 EP - 208 VL - 109A IS - 1 SN - 0300-9629, 0300-9629 KW - Mysidopsis bahia KW - aquatic life KW - brackishwater environment KW - crustaceans KW - life cycle KW - marine crustaceans KW - mysids KW - salinity effects KW - salinity tolerance KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Brackish KW - salinity KW - estuaries KW - tolerance KW - temperature effects KW - survival KW - water temperature KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - SW 0890:Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16591311?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Comparative+Biochemistry+and+Physiology%2C+A&rft.atitle=Resistance+patterns+to+salinity+and+temperature+in+an+estuarine+mysid+%28Mysidopsis+bahia%29+in+relation+to+its+life+cycle&rft.au=McKenney%2C+CL+Jr&rft.aulast=McKenney&rft.aufirst=CL&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=109A&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Comparative+Biochemistry+and+Physiology%2C+A&rft.issn=03009629&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - salinity effects; estuaries; life cycle; tolerance; brackishwater environment; temperature effects; survival; marine crustaceans; salinity; salinity tolerance; water temperature; crustaceans; aquatic life; Mysidopsis bahia; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quality control level: An alternative to detection levels AN - 16589698; 3682760 AB - Existing methods for the determination of reporting limits (e.g., MDL, LOD, etc) are based on a binary procedure that determines that lowest concentration of an analyte that is either detected or not detected within specified confidence limits. There is no assessment of the accuracy or precision of the results detected. An alternative procedure is presented, the Quality Control Level which determines the lowest concentration that meets the data quality objects of the data user in term of the minimum acceptable precision and accuracy. To examine this hypothesis, a series of 15 soils and aqueous liquids were prepared with successively smaller concentrations of 16 toxic regulated elements. The range of the concentrations were over four orders of magnitude for both. Each of these liquids and soils were analyzed eight times and the accuracy and precision of each analyte was measured against concentration. This paper will show that it is possible to use a quality control approach to reporting levels. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Kimbrough, DE AU - Wakakuwa, J AD - Dep. Toxic Subst. Control, California EPA, Hazard. Mater. Lab. S. California, 1449 W. Temple St., Los Angeles, CA 90026-5698, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 338 EP - 345 VL - 28 IS - 2 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - pollution detection KW - soils KW - measuring methods KW - detection limits KW - soil analysis KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - chemical analysis KW - hazardous materials KW - materials testing KW - quality control KW - pollutant identification KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16589698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Quality+control+level%3A+An+alternative+to+detection+levels&rft.au=Kimbrough%2C+DE%3BWakakuwa%2C+J&rft.aulast=Kimbrough&rft.aufirst=DE&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=338&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - quality control; hazardous materials; materials testing; detection limits; chemical analysis; pollutant identification; soil analysis; pollution detection; measuring methods ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measuring the dispersal and reentrainment of recombinant Pseudomonas syringae at California test sites AN - 16587313; 3646260 AB - The dispersal of genetically engineered Pseudomonas syringae and Pseudomonas fluorescens was investigated during and after spray applications onto plants at Brentwood and Tulelake, Calif. Five different sampling devices were used to evaluate the dispersal within and around test plots. These included six-stage Andersen, Reynier slit, and all glass impinger samplers, gravity settling plates, and sentinel plants. Results indicated that over 99.99% of the 10 super(12) sprayed bacteria settled directly onto the soil and plants in the test plot. Nevertheless, during and immediately after the spray, 10 super(6) viable cells were detected within 15 m-30 m from the site of the spray. This is equivalent to approximately 0.05 viable cells/cm super(2) of soil. Sprayed bacteria drifted further at Tulelake compared with Brentwood, possibly due to a larger droplet size, higher initial inoculum concentrations, and a larger sprayed area. Low numbers of the released bacterial strains were also entrained into the air on days 1, 2, and 4 following the release. The spread of small numbers of microbes away from test plots during aerosol applications or by entrainment must be expected even under calm wind conditions. The five types of samplers used in these studies all had desirable attributes for monitoring microbial drift. However, due to high recovery efficiencies, low cost, and ease of use, all glass impingers and gravity-settling plates were the samplers of choice in this environmental release. JF - Microbial Releases AU - Seidler, R J AU - Walter, M V AU - Hern, S AU - Fieland, V AU - Schmedding, D AU - Lindow, SE AD - Biotechnol. Program, U.S. EPA, Corvallis Environ. Res. Lab., 200 S.W. 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 209 EP - 216 VL - 2 IS - 4 SN - 0940-9653, 0940-9653 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - environmental release KW - field trials KW - USA, California KW - Pseudomonas syringae KW - dispersal KW - W2 32060:Microorganisms KW - W2 32450:Soil microorganisms KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16587313?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbial+Releases&rft.atitle=Measuring+the+dispersal+and+reentrainment+of+recombinant+Pseudomonas+syringae+at+California+test+sites&rft.au=Seidler%2C+R+J%3BWalter%2C+M+V%3BHern%2C+S%3BFieland%2C+V%3BSchmedding%2C+D%3BLindow%2C+SE&rft.aulast=Seidler&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbial+Releases&rft.issn=09409653&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental release; field trials; dispersal; Pseudomonas syringae; USA, California ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanistic insights aid the search for CFC substitutes: Risk assessment of HCFC-123 as an example AN - 16586450; 3649138 AB - An international consensus on the need to reduce the use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and other ozone-depleting gases such as the halons led to the adoptions of the 1987 Montreal Protocol and Title VI of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments, "Protecting Stratospheric Ozone." These agreements included major provisions for reducing and eventually phasing out production and use of CFCs and halons as well as advancing the development of replacement chemicals. Because of the ubiquitous use and benefits of CFCs and halons, an expeditious search for safe replacements to meet the legislative deadlines is of critical importance. Toxicity testing and health risk assessment programs were established to evaluate the health and environmental impact of these replacement chemicals. Development and implementation of these programs as well as the structural-activity relationships significant for the development of the replacement chemicals are described below. A dose-response evaluation for the health risk assessment of the replacement chemical HCFC-123 (2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane) is also presented to show an innovative use of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling. This is based on a parallelogram approach using data on the anesthetic gas halothane, a structural analog to HCFC-123. JF - Risk Analysis AU - Jarabek, A M AU - Fisher, J W AU - Rubenstein, R AU - Lipscomb, J C AU - Williams, R J AU - Vinegar, A AU - McDougal, J N AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Criteria and Assess. Off., (MD-52), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 231 EP - 250 VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - halon KW - 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane KW - Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - chemicals KW - chlorofluorocarbons KW - ozone KW - research programs KW - environmental impact KW - materials technology KW - dose-response effects KW - risk assessment KW - pharmacokinetics KW - R2 23020:Technological risks KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16586450?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Mechanistic+insights+aid+the+search+for+CFC+substitutes%3A+Risk+assessment+of+HCFC-123+as+an+example&rft.au=Jarabek%2C+A+M%3BFisher%2C+J+W%3BRubenstein%2C+R%3BLipscomb%2C+J+C%3BWilliams%2C+R+J%3BVinegar%2C+A%3BMcDougal%2C+J+N&rft.aulast=Jarabek&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=231&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorofluorocarbons; materials technology; toxicity testing; risk assessment; pharmacokinetics; dose-response effects; research programs; ozone; environmental impact; chemicals ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recommendations for methods to code industry and job task in routinely collected exposure data AN - 16583994; 3676613 AB - This article describes and recommends two coding methods that can improve the capture of exposure-relevant information in large occupational exposure databases. One of the methods can substantially improve the specificity of information captured by industry codes, and the second would improve the capture of information about job tasks in a standardized fashion, a capability almost entirely lacking in occupational health. The methods are not ideally designed for exposure assessment purposes, but their use would represent a substantial improvement over current practices. The methods have been well tested and can be adopted in their current form. Moreover, they are compatible with coding systems already in wide-spread use for economic, demographic, health, and other data, thus making exposure data coded with them amenable to valuable linkages. Large collections of routine exposure measurements are increasingly common, and the use of these coding methods will help improve the needed coding of precise information about these two critical exposure determinants (industry and task performed), so that exposure databases can be made more amenable to inferential analyses in support of risk assessment and risk management applications. JF - American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal AU - Gomez, M R AD - U.S. EPA, Sci. Advisory Board, 401 M St., SW (1400-F), Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 743 EP - 747 VL - 55 IS - 8 SN - 0002-8894, 0002-8894 KW - coding KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - data collection KW - data bases KW - information systems KW - occupational exposure KW - H SI0.2:DATA ANALYSIS UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16583994?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Industrial+Hygiene+Association+Journal&rft.atitle=Recommendations+for+methods+to+code+industry+and+job+task+in+routinely+collected+exposure+data&rft.au=Gomez%2C+M+R&rft.aulast=Gomez&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=743&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Industrial+Hygiene+Association+Journal&rft.issn=00028894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - occupational exposure; data collection; data bases; information systems ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of Na super(+) in transport of Hg super(2+) and induction of the Tn21 mer operon AN - 16583802; 3641000 AB - The effects of sodium ions on the uptake of Hg super(2+) and induction of the Tn21 mer operon were studied by using Escherichia coli HMS174 harboring the reporter plasmids pRB28 and pOS14. Plasmid pRB28 carries merRT', and pOS14 carries merRTPC of the mer operon, both cloned upstream of a promoterless luciferase gene cassette in pUCD615. The bioluminescent response to 1 mu M Hg super(2+) was significantly inhibited in E. coli HMS174(pRB28) in minimal medium supplemented with sodium ions at 10 to 140 mM. After initial acceleration, light emission declined at 50 nM Hg super(2+) in the presence of Na super(+). The mer-lux assay with resting cells carrying pRB28 and super(203)Hg super(2+) uptake experiments showed increased induction and enhanced mercury uptake, respectively, in media supplemented with sodium ions. The presence of Na super(+) facilitated maintenance of bioluminescence in resting HMS174(pRB28) cells induced with 50 nM Hg super(2+). External K super(+) stimulated bioluminescent response in HMS174(pRB28) and HMS174(pOS14) grown in sodium phosphate minimal medium devoid of potassium ions. Sodium ions appear to facilitate mercury transport. We propose that sodium-coupled transport of mercuric ions can be one of the mechanisms for mercury uptake by E. coli and that the Na super(+) gradient may energize the transport of Hg super(2+). JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Selifonova, O V AU - Barkay, T AD - Univ. Arkansas for Med. c/o U.S. EPA, ERL, 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 3503 EP - 3507 VL - 60 IS - 10 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - sodium KW - mercury KW - Tn21 mer operon KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - operons KW - transport KW - environments KW - Escherichia coli KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16583802?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Role+of+Na+super%28%2B%29+in+transport+of+Hg+super%282%2B%29+and+induction+of+the+Tn21+mer+operon&rft.au=Selifonova%2C+O+V%3BBarkay%2C+T&rft.aulast=Selifonova&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=3503&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; transport; operons; environments ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk assessment of formaldehyde AN - 16580102; 3669045 AB - In April 1987, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued the "Assessment of Health Risks of Garment Workers and Certain Home Residents from Exposure to Formaldehyde" in which formaldehyde was classified as a carcinogen and an irritant to the eyes and respiratory tract. A quantitative risk assessment for cancer was presented. A more current document, a draft released in 1991, incorporates some additional data on the epidemiology and toxicology of formaldehyde that the EPA has received since completion to the earlier assessment, and examines the impact of this information on the estimates of health risks following exposure to airborne formaldehyde. For noncancer effects, the new data support earlier conclusions with regard to the irritant effects of formaldehyde and the dose-response gradient for these effects. The cancer assessment incorporates the use of a molecular dosimeter for the derivation of risk estimates. Tissue levels of this dosimeter, a covalent cross-link product of formaldehyde and DNA-protein (DPX), are available from rats and monkeys. The risk estimates obtained with this dosimeter are considerably lower than those obtained by conventional approaches. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Hernandez, O AU - Rhomberg, L AU - Hogan, K AU - Siegel-Scott, C AU - Lai, D AU - Grindstaff, G AU - Henry, M AU - Cotruvo, JA AD - U.S. EPA, Off. Pollut. Prev. Toxics, 401 M St. SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 161 EP - 172 VL - 39 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - respiratory system KW - carcinogenicity KW - occupational exposure KW - inhalation KW - formaldehyde KW - risk assessment KW - public health KW - H SE3.8.2:CHEMICALS (CORROSION) KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16580102?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Risk+assessment+of+formaldehyde&rft.au=Hernandez%2C+O%3BRhomberg%2C+L%3BHogan%2C+K%3BSiegel-Scott%2C+C%3BLai%2C+D%3BGrindstaff%2C+G%3BHenry%2C+M%3BCotruvo%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Hernandez&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Risk assessment and risk management of environmental chemicals. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - risk assessment; formaldehyde; carcinogenicity; occupational exposure; inhalation; respiratory system; public health ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulatory oversight of biochemical pesticides by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: Health effects considerations AN - 16579901; 3669203 AB - The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) enables the Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP) of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to ensure that pesticide use in commerce will not result in unreasonable adverse effects to humans and the environment. Currently, two classes of pesticides are recognized: conventional chemical pesticides and biological pesticides. The latter group is divided into biochemical and microbial pesticides. The recent resurgence of biochemical pesticides as effective pest control agents has increased the number of applications for experimental use permits and for product registration. The fundamental information and data necessary to evaluate such products by the Health Effects Division (HED) of OPP are discussed, as well as the criteria for the classification of a pesticide as a biochemical versus a conventional chemical pesticide. In accordance with the Agency's effort to encourage the development of pesticides less toxic to humans and the environment, the scientific basis for providing future regulatory relief and reduced data requirements for biochemical pesticides is discussed. JF - Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology AU - McClintock, J T AU - Kough, J L AU - Sjoblad, R D AD - U.S. EPA, Off. Pest. Programs, Health Eff. Div., Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 115 EP - 126 VL - 19 IS - 1 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - government policy KW - government policies KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - biocides KW - environmental impact KW - legislation KW - safety regulations KW - risk assessment KW - pesticides KW - public health KW - H SE5.5:STANDARDS, LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND POLICY KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16579901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+Toxicology+and+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Regulatory+oversight+of+biochemical+pesticides+by+the+U.S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency%3A+Health+effects+considerations&rft.au=McClintock%2C+J+T%3BKough%2C+J+L%3BSjoblad%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=McClintock&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+Toxicology+and+Pharmacology&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pesticides; biocides; risk assessment; safety regulations; legislation; government policies; public health; environmental impact; government policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of chemical releases and worker exposures from filter press operations AN - 16579224; 3665418 AB - The exposures (inhalation and dermal) and releases (air, water, solids, and process streams) associated with the filtration of industrial wastewater sludge from an electronics manufacturing plant were characterized. Chemical releases and worker exposures for a target chemical (total copper) were measured over four operational cycles. Various aspects of the filtration operation believed to influence the measurement values were documented. Worker exposures associated with the discrete stages of the filter operation were measured. Ventilation patterns around the filter press were also monitored. Exposures and releases were successfully determined for a single unit operation, as well as for the discreet stages of operation. The data generated will enable EPA to more accurately estimate worker exposures and chemical releases for new chemicals as required by the Toxic Substances Control Act. The approach utilized will benefit industrial hygienists in providing estimates of worker exposures and aid in the targeting of survey sampling. JF - American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal AU - Timberlake, D L AU - Marshall, M AU - Scott, J AD - Risk Reduct. Eng. Lab., U.S. EPA, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 438 EP - 442 VL - 55 IS - 5 SN - 0002-8894, 0002-8894 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - wastewater treatment KW - sludge KW - chemicals KW - skin KW - ventilation KW - absorption KW - filtration KW - occupational exposure KW - toxic materials KW - inhalation KW - electronics industry wastes KW - H SI10.22:ELECTRONICS INDUSTRIES KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16579224?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Industrial+Hygiene+Association+Journal&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+chemical+releases+and+worker+exposures+from+filter+press+operations&rft.au=Timberlake%2C+D+L%3BMarshall%2C+M%3BScott%2C+J&rft.aulast=Timberlake&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=438&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Industrial+Hygiene+Association+Journal&rft.issn=00028894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - occupational exposure; inhalation; skin; absorption; filtration; electronics industry wastes; wastewater treatment; sludge; ventilation; chemicals; toxic materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental justice: Co-evolution of environmental concerns and social justice AN - 16578143; 3667132 AB - This paper describes the co-evolution of environmental concerns with civil rights. Over the last 20 years the two issues have found considerable overlap in what is now called the environmental justice movement. The results are exciting, with implications about decision-making, about protecting both environmental quality and civil rights. The promotion of environmental justice spurs social progress. Safeguarding the health of the environment(s) reinforces civil rights. JF - Environmentalist AU - Sarokin, D J AU - Schulkin, J AD - U.S. EPA, 401 M St. SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 121 EP - 129 VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0251-1088, 0251-1088 KW - environmental perception KW - government policy KW - government policies KW - environmental equity KW - Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - environmental quality KW - pollution effects KW - public health KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - D 04695:Urban environments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16578143?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmentalist&rft.atitle=Environmental+justice%3A+Co-evolution+of+environmental+concerns+and+social+justice&rft.au=Sarokin%2C+D+J%3BSchulkin%2C+J&rft.aulast=Sarokin&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmentalist&rft.issn=02511088&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - public health; pollution effects; environmental quality; government policies; environmental equity; environmental perception; government policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analytical methods for a national study of chemical residues in fish. 1: Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans AN - 16576999; 3664759 AB - Analytical methods were developed to determine the concentration of PCDD/PCDF in fish tissue for a national survey conducted by EPA. The method was designed to achieved a relatively low cost per sample while maintaining adequate quality control. It utilizes a Soxhlet extraction, acid-celite, florisil and carbon-silica gel chromatography, and HRGC/HRMS analysis. The minimum level of detection for 2,3,7,8-TCDD is approximately 1 pg/g. Rigorous quality assurance/quality control criteria have been developed to assure the validity of the data. JF - Chemosphere AU - Marquis, P J AU - Hackett, M AU - Holland, L G AU - Larsen, M L AU - Butterworth, B AU - Kuehl, D W AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab. Duluth, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 495 EP - 508 VL - 29 IS - 3 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - PCB KW - PCDD KW - PCDF KW - Pisces KW - analytical methods KW - analytical techniques KW - brackishwater fish KW - brackishwater pollution KW - chromatography KW - contamination KW - fish KW - freshwater fish KW - freshwater pollution KW - marine fish KW - marine pollution KW - pollution effects KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - polychlorinated dibenzo(p)dioxins KW - polychlorinated dibenzofurans KW - water pollution effects KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - bioaccumulation KW - biochemistry KW - Brackish KW - quality control KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - water pollution KW - Marine KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants KW - O 4095:Instruments/Methods KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - X 24222:Analytical procedures KW - X 24153:Metabolism KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16576999?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Analytical+methods+for+a+national+study+of+chemical+residues+in+fish.+1%3A+Polychlorinated+dibenzo-p-dioxins%2Fdibenzofurans&rft.au=Marquis%2C+P+J%3BHackett%2C+M%3BHolland%2C+L+G%3BLarsen%2C+M+L%3BButterworth%2C+B%3BKuehl%2C+D+W&rft.aulast=Marquis&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=495&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; biochemistry; fish; marine pollution; brackishwater pollution; marine fish; bioaccumulation; freshwater fish; brackishwater fish; quality control; freshwater pollution; analytical techniques; pollution effects; water pollution; PCB; chromatography; contamination; Pisces; PCDF; PCDD; polychlorinated biphenyls; water pollution effects; analytical methods; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Occupational exposure to chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons: Job exposure matrix AN - 16574828; 3656578 AB - A job exposure matrix combining features to increase the accuracy of exposure assessment was developed to evaluate cancer risks from workplace exposures to six chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAHs). A detailed description of the matrix is provided to satisfy the need for more in-depth discussion of exposure assessment methods than is typical in today's epidemiologic literature. The matrix assigns semiquantitative estimates of the probability and intensity of exposure to each four-digit Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) and Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) code potentially associated with exposure to each CAH. The matrix also accounts for the changing patterns of use of the CAHs by decade from the 1920s to the 1980s. An algorithm combines these parameters to assign each study subject a unique lifetime probability of exposure and an estimated score of cumulative exposure for each CAH. These assignments can then become the subjects of analyses. The ability of the matrix to reduce the number of false positive exposure assessments is discussed and illustrated. JF - American Journal of Industrial Medicine AU - Gomez, M R AU - Cocco, P AU - Dosemeci, M AU - Stewart, P A AD - U.S. EPA, Sci. Advisory Board, 401 M St. SW, (1400F), Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 171 EP - 183 VL - 26 IS - 2 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - probability KW - man KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - organochlorine compounds KW - risk assessment KW - occupational exposure KW - cancer KW - H SI6.3:HAZARD DETERMINATION KW - X 24153:Metabolism KW - H SM10.21:CANCER UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16574828?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.atitle=Occupational+exposure+to+chlorinated+aliphatic+hydrocarbons%3A+Job+exposure+matrix&rft.au=Gomez%2C+M+R%3BCocco%2C+P%3BDosemeci%2C+M%3BStewart%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Gomez&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - occupational exposure; chlorinated hydrocarbons; cancer; risk assessment; organochlorine compounds; probability; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A statistical-topographic model for mapping climatological precipitation over mountainous terrain AN - 16567879; 3636048 AB - The demand for climatological precipitation fields on a regular grid is growing dramatically as ecological and hydrological models become increasingly linked to geographic information systems that spatially represent and manipulate model output. This paper presents an analytical model that distributes point measurements of monthly and annual precipitation to regularly spaced grid cells in midlatitude regions. PRISM (Precipitation-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model) brings a combination of climatological and statistical concepts to the analysis of orographic precipitation. Specifically, PRISM 1) uses a digital elevation model (DEM) to estimate the "orographic" elevations of precipitation stations; 2) uses the DEM and a windowing technique to group stations onto individual topographic facets; 3) estimates precipitation at a DEM grid cell through a regression of precipitation versus DEM elevation developed from stations on the cell's topographic facet; and 4) when possible, calculates a prediction interval for the estimate, which is an approximation of the uncertainty involved. PRISM exhibited the lowest cross-validation bias and absolute error when compared to kriging, detrended kriging, and cokriging in the Willamette River basin, Oregon. PRISM was also applied to northern Oregon and to the entire western United States; detrended kriging and cokriging could not be used, because there was no overall relationship between elevation and precipitation. Cross-validation errors in these applications were confined to relatively low levels because PRISM continually adjusts its frame of reference by using localized precipitation-DEM elevation relationships. JF - Journal of Applied Meteorology AU - Daly, C AU - Neilson, R P AU - Phillips, D L AD - U.S. EPA Environ. Res. Lab., 200 S.W. 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 140 EP - 158 VL - 33 IS - 2 SN - 0894-8763, 0894-8763 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - USA, Oregon, Willamette R. KW - climatology KW - model studies KW - topography KW - precipitation KW - statistical analysis KW - mapping KW - alpine regions KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication KW - SW 0815:Precipitation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16567879?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology&rft.atitle=A+statistical-topographic+model+for+mapping+climatological+precipitation+over+mountainous+terrain&rft.au=Daly%2C+C%3BNeilson%2C+R+P%3BPhillips%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Daly&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=140&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology&rft.issn=08948763&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - model studies; statistical analysis; topography; precipitation; mapping; alpine regions; climatology; USA, Oregon, Willamette R. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring peach harvest workers exposed to azinphosmethyl residues in Sutter County, California, 1991 AN - 15596713; 3920785 AB - Peach harvest workers were evaluated for exposure to azinphosmethyl residues by measuring foliar residues, urinary alkylphosphate metabolites, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and dermal residues using clothing and skin washes. Workers entered orchards 51 days after application and worked in treated fields for 10 of the next 17 days. Dislodgeable foliar residues ranged from 0.82 to 1.72 mu g/cm super(2) and did not change significantly over the study period. Combined mean dermal exposure for the 3 consecutive monitoring days was 32 mg and ranged from 17.9 to 60.5 mg. Overall mean excretion levels for the 5 monitoring days were 1.7 mg dimethylphosphate and 1.9 mg dimethlythiophosphate. There was no significant difference in BChE between the exposed harvesters and minimally exposed sorters. The exposed group had significantly lower AChE values than the sorters for 2 post-exposure blood draws by three testing methods, while no significant difference was found for the pre-exposure blood draw. The AChE values for the post-exposure blood samples for the exposed workers decreased significantly about 10-20% over the 3-week exposure period but increased or remained constant for the sorters. Urinary metabolite excretion increased with continuous exposure and was inversely correlated with both AChE and BChE but was not correlated with dermal exposure measurements. High correlations were generally observed between AChE measurements taken in the field using a new spectrophotometric kit and laboratory AChE measurements. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Schneider, F AU - Steenland, K AU - Hernandez, B AU - Wilson, B AU - Krieger, R AU - Spencer, J AU - Margetich, S AD - Dep. Pesticide Regulation, California EPA, 1020 N St., Sacramento, CA 95814, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 580 EP - 585 VL - 102 IS - 6-7 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - USA, California, Sutter Cty. KW - azinphos-methyl KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - agrochemicals KW - occupational exposure KW - X 24133:Metabolism KW - H SE2.8.2:CHEMICALS (CORROSION) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15596713?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Monitoring+peach+harvest+workers+exposed+to+azinphosmethyl+residues+in+Sutter+County%2C+California%2C+1991&rft.au=Schneider%2C+F%3BSteenland%2C+K%3BHernandez%2C+B%3BWilson%2C+B%3BKrieger%2C+R%3BSpencer%2C+J%3BMargetich%2C+S&rft.aulast=Schneider&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=6-7&rft.spage=580&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agrochemicals; occupational exposure ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Suggested guidelines for remediation of damage from sewage backflow into buildings AN - 15587960; 3917217 AB - Sewage backflows are serious health threats to human indoors. The purpose of this paper is to summarize what is known about health effects associated with sewage backflow into indoor environments and to make technical recommendations for safe, effective restoration. Risks to health from specific pathogens are considered, and the classes of disinfectants and their properties are discussed. The recommendations for remediation are based largely on the characteristics of the contaminated material and the length of time of the contamination.(DBO) JF - Journal of Environment and Health AU - Berry, MA AU - Bishop, J AU - Blackburn, C AU - Cole, E C AU - Ewald, W G AU - Smith, T AU - Suazo, N AU - Swan, S AD - Environ. Criteria Assessment Office, U.S. EPA (MD-52), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 9 EP - 15 VL - 57 IS - 3 SN - 0022-0892, 0022-0892 KW - sewage backflow KW - guidelines KW - risks KW - timing KW - indoor environments KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - wastewater KW - remediation KW - sewers KW - buildings KW - disinfection KW - public health KW - pathogens KW - contamination KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - H SE3.23:WASTE DISPOSAL KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15587960?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environment+and+Health&rft.atitle=Suggested+guidelines+for+remediation+of+damage+from+sewage+backflow+into+buildings&rft.au=Berry%2C+MA%3BBishop%2C+J%3BBlackburn%2C+C%3BCole%2C+E+C%3BEwald%2C+W+G%3BSmith%2C+T%3BSuazo%2C+N%3BSwan%2C+S&rft.aulast=Berry&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environment+and+Health&rft.issn=00220892&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - remediation; wastewater; public health; pathogens; disinfection; contamination; timing; buildings; sewers; indoor environments ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Problems of sulfide-bearing clays as landfill covers AN - 1400615665; 2013-052309 JF - Program and Abstracts - Annual Clay Minerals Conference AU - Fanning, Delvin S AU - Burch, Steven N AU - Kargbo, David M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 84 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Aurora, CO VL - 31 KW - United States KW - soils KW - clay KW - acids KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - landfills KW - drainage KW - pollution KW - acid sulfate soils KW - physical properties KW - New York KW - sediments KW - testing KW - pyrite KW - New Jersey KW - waste disposal KW - sulfides KW - pH KW - disposal barriers KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1400615665?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Clay+Minerals+Conference&rft.atitle=Problems+of+sulfide-bearing+clays+as+landfill+covers&rft.au=Fanning%2C+Delvin+S%3BBurch%2C+Steven+N%3BKargbo%2C+David+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fanning&rft.aufirst=Delvin&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=&rft.spage=84&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Clay+Minerals+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Clay Minerals Society, 31st annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-18 N1 - CODEN - CMCPCT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid sulfate soils; acids; clastic sediments; clay; disposal barriers; drainage; landfills; New Jersey; New York; pH; physical properties; pollutants; pollution; pyrite; regulations; sediments; soils; sulfides; testing; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Costs and benefits of current SDWA regulations AN - 13696529; 199403006 AB - Parts of a U.S. EPA report, the Chafee Report, on the costs and benefits of Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) regulations are summarized. The distribution of population served by groundwater and surface water, standards for contaminants, anticipated health benefits and costs of regulating the contaminants, national costs, household costs and monitoring costs are tabulated. Since 1896, 7 major U.S. EPA regulations had addressed 78 contaminants whose threats to health included methaemoglobinaemia, cancer, neurotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. In many cases, insufficient occurrence data were available to calculate national costs. Where these were adequate, the total was 1.4 billion U.S. dollars annually, representing 2 and 55 per cent increases in household water bills for large and small public water systems, respectively. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Auerbach, J AD - U.S. EPA, Wash., D.C. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 69 EP - 78 VL - 86 IS - 2 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Surface water (s/a lakes,ponds,reservoirs,streams) KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13696529?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Costs+and+benefits+of+current+SDWA+regulations&rft.au=Auerbach%2C+J&rft.aulast=Auerbach&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Cost Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - British privatization: balancing needs AN - 13695459; 199403029 AB - The role of the Office of Water Services (OFWAT) in the economic regulation of the U.K.'s privatized water services companies is described. It sought to foster competition if possible and, where this did not exist, to achieve a balance between customer protection and company financing. It limited annual price rises, having regard to the investment required, improvements in efficiency, asset values and lifetimes, and the cost of capital. The asset management plan was the key factor in price setting. A complication of the regulatory system was that the environment and drinking water quality were regulated by other bodies, the National Rivers Authority and the Drinking Water Inspectorate, respectively. Their decisions had significant implications for charges. OFWAT also monitored the quality of service the companies provided. OFWAT's general philosophy was to regulate in a transparent and open style while avoiding the pitfall of regulatory capture. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Booker, A AD - Office of Water Services (OFWAT), Birmingham Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 56 EP - 63 VL - 86 IS - 3 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Drinking water inspectorate KW - National rivers authority KW - Office of water services KW - Ofwat KW - Privatised KW - Water services companies KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13695459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=British+privatization%3A+balancing+needs&rft.au=Booker%2C+A&rft.aulast=Booker&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=56&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity and estimated water quality criteria values in mallard ducklings exposed to pentachlorophenol AN - 13695182; 199402995 AB - Tests were conducted to determine the effects of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in feed on growth and bioaccumulation in mallard ducklings (Anas platyrhynchos). Significant effects of PCP on growth (LOAEL) were observed after 11 d at 961 ug PCP per g. The NOAEL (no significant growth effects) was 423 ug PCP per g. Concentrations of PCP in tissues at the NOAEL were 20.7 (liver), 12.2 (lipid), 3.3 (muscle), and 2.6 (brain) ug per g (wet weight); no bioaccumulation was observed. Using a toxicity threshold model it was estimated that about 1.1 mg waterborne PCP per litre was a threshold for adverse effects for mallard ducks. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Nebeker, A V AU - Griffis, W L AU - Schuytema, G S AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis, Ore. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 33 EP - 36 VL - 26 IS - 1 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Waterborne KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13695182?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Toxicity+and+estimated+water+quality+criteria+values+in+mallard+ducklings+exposed+to+pentachlorophenol&rft.au=Nebeker%2C+A+V%3BGriffis%2C+W+L%3BSchuytema%2C+G+S&rft.aulast=Nebeker&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of dieldrin in food on growth and bioaccumulation in Mallard ducklings AN - 13694473; 199402991 AB - The effects of dieldrin in food organisms and commercial feed on the growth, and bioaccumulation in newly-hatched mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) fed with commercial food spiked with dieldrin, and crickets and worms fed on a similar diet were determined. Mean measured food concentrations (animals plus feed) of less than 0.2, 2.6, 26.2 and 49.3 ug dieldrin per g did not affect growth after 14 d. Tissue dieldrin concentrations (ug per g wet weight) increased rapidly; up to 80.7 (lipid), 30.1 (skin), 4.1 (liver), 1.8 (muscle), and 1.6 (brain). Dieldrin concentrations were up to 3.7 times greater than in the test diets. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Nebeker, A V AU - Dunn, K D AU - Griffis, W L AU - Schuytema, G S AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis, Ore. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 29 EP - 32 VL - 26 IS - 1 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Animals (see also individual groups below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13694473?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+dieldrin+in+food+on+growth+and+bioaccumulation+in+Mallard+ducklings&rft.au=Nebeker%2C+A+V%3BDunn%2C+K+D%3BGriffis%2C+W+L%3BSchuytema%2C+G+S&rft.aulast=Nebeker&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of age on the relative sensitivity of Hyalella azteca to diazinon, alkylphenol ethoxylates, copper, cadmium, and zinc AN - 13693762; 199402939 AB - Laboratories testing Hyalella azteca used a wide range of ages (or sizes) of the amphipod in their studies. The objective of this study was to investigate age-specific differences in sensitivity of the amphipod to contaminants with varying toxic modes of action. H. azteca, ranging in age from less than 1 to 26 d, were tested in 96 h water-only exposures with the organophosphate pesticide diazinon, a mixture of alkylphenol ethoxylates (nonionic surfactants), copper sulphate, cadmium chloride, and zinc sulphate. Overall age-specific differences in sensitivity to the 5 test chemicals were relatively small; 96 h LC50 values typically varied by 50 per cent or less among the various age classes of H. azteca. When differences in sensitivity were observed, trends were apparently related to the contaminant tested rather than to the age of the amphipods; no particular age class consistently was the most sensitive to the toxicants. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Collyard, SA AU - Ankley, G T AU - Hoke, R A AU - Goldenstein, T AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 110 EP - 113 VL - 26 IS - 1 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Ethoxylates KW - Zinc sulphate KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13693762?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Influence+of+age+on+the+relative+sensitivity+of+Hyalella+azteca+to+diazinon%2C+alkylphenol+ethoxylates%2C+copper%2C+cadmium%2C+and+zinc&rft.au=Collyard%2C+SA%3BAnkley%2C+G+T%3BHoke%2C+R+A%3BGoldenstein%2C+T&rft.aulast=Collyard&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=110&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Procedures suggested for aquifer pumping tests AN - 13686921; 199402569 AB - Practical guidance on the conduct of aquifer pumping tests, issued by the U.S. EPA, is summarized. Tests should not begin until as much as possible had been learned from maps, local well drillers' experience, and well-logging data about the geology of the well site, the hydraulic boundaries of the aquifer, and the state of development of the well under test. For reasons of economy, existing wells should, wherever possible, be used when an aquifer yield evaluation was contemplated. Requirements on-site are considered; these included a power source for the pump, a pump of known characteristics equipment to measure the discharge from the well, and adequate means of disposing of the pumped water away from the site to such a distance as to obviate the possibility of its being returned to the aquifer, thereby falsifying the pumping results. JF - Water Environment & Technology AU - Osborne, P S AD - U.S. EPA, Denver, Colo. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 17 EP - 19 VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1044-9493, 1044-9493 KW - Equipment KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13686921?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Procedures+suggested+for+aquifer+pumping+tests&rft.au=Osborne%2C+P+S&rft.aulast=Osborne&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.issn=10449493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicological studies on MX, a disinfection by-product AN - 13686735; 199403193 AB - The toxicity of MX (3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone), a identified in chlorinated drinking waters and kraft pulp mill effluents, was synthesized and tested on B6C3F1 mice and Fischer-344 rats confirmed free of viral antibodies, bacteria and parasites. MX was administered by daily gavage at 8-64 mg per kg body weight for 14 d. At the end of the experiments, blood samples were taken for extensive analyses and most organs and tissues examined. Analysis of variance and non-parametric tests identified significant changes. No animals died during the tests. Rates showed decreased food and water consumption, and lower body weight gain at high MX dosage. Male mice reacted similarly to all doses. Stomach lesions were also observed in mice and liver enlargement in male rats. The lowest adverse effect level for oral exposure to MX during 14 d for rats and mice was considered to be 8 mg per kg. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Daniel, F B AU - Robinson, M AU - Olson, G R AU - Stober, JA AU - Page, N P AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 103 EP - 111 VL - 86 IS - 3 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Analysis KW - Animals (see also individual groups below) KW - Dichloromethyl KW - Reduction KW - Viruses (-general-) (see also individ grps below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13686735?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Toxicological+studies+on+MX%2C+a+disinfection+by-product&rft.au=Daniel%2C+F+B%3BRobinson%2C+M%3BOlson%2C+G+R%3BStober%2C+JA%3BPage%2C+N+P&rft.aulast=Daniel&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modelling the partitioning and bioaccumulation of TCDD and other hydrophobic organic chemicals in lake Ontario AN - 13686172; 199402184 AB - The biota-to-sediment ratios (BSR) for hydrophobic organic compounds in Ontario lake were determined from data on their average lake-wide concentrations in lake trout and sediments. The BSR values for biocumulative 2,3,7,8-substituted polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD) and dibenzofurans (PCDF) were about 2 orders of magnitude lower than for other compounds of similar hydrophobicity. A mathematical model, which accounted for the principal process affecting BSR (bioaccumulation, partitioning, and sediment/water chemical distribution), did not adequately explain these observed differences in BSR values. The possibility that chemical metabolism affected the BSR values of PCDD/PCDF is considered. JF - Chemosphere AU - Endicott, D D AU - Cook, P M AD - U.S. EPA, Grosse Ile, Mich. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 75 EP - 87 VL - 28 IS - 1 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13686172?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Modelling+the+partitioning+and+bioaccumulation+of+TCDD+and+other+hydrophobic+organic+chemicals+in+lake+Ontario&rft.au=Endicott%2C+D+D%3BCook%2C+P+M&rft.aulast=Endicott&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Small systems an SDWA reauthorization AN - 13685763; 199404026 AB - Key issues relevant to small water utilities in a recent U.S. EPA report on the technical and economic implications of the Safe Drinking Water Act reauthorization are discussed. Special attention is given to viability, low cost technology and financing. The compliance challenges to small systems are listed as decayed infrastructure, lack of capital, limited customer numbers, inadequate revenue, lack of economies of scale, and limited technical, managerial and financial capabilities. Restructuring into more viable units was frequently the best solution; some degree of compulsion backed by subsidies was probably necessary. Small systems needed low cost technology in the form of package plants to meet standards economically. The U.S. EPA would encourage this by designating the best available technology for small systems. Funds would be provided by state revolving funding. There are 51 references. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Shanaghan, P E AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 52 EP - 62 VL - 86 IS - 5 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13685763?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Small+systems+an+SDWA+reauthorization&rft.au=Shanaghan%2C+P+E&rft.aulast=Shanaghan&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=52&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A short-exposure, sublethal, sediment toxicity test using the marine bivalve Mulinia lateralis: statistical design and comparative sensitivity AN - 13685090; 199403742 AB - Mulinia lateralis was used in acute sediment toxicity tests because it is distributed along the whole North American Atlantic coast, it has good salinity tolerance, is easily cultured, and the end points of growth and mortality are easily measured. Artificially fertilized eggs were grown to juveniles which were used in tests at sizes standardized around 1-2 mm. Exposure to sediments lasted 7 d after which they were sieved through 1 mm apertures to isolate the bivalves whose survival and dry weights were measured. One-sided t-tests and analysis of variance were applied to the data. Treatment weight and survival responses which were 25 per cent different from the controls were taken as significant signs of toxicity. Taking the sublethal growth of M. lateralis as end point made tests with these organisms more sensitive than those with other amphipod species. The method was a useful complement to other tests. There are 52 references. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Burgess, R M AU - Morrison, GE AD - U.S. EPA, Narragansett, R.I. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 571 EP - 580 VL - 13 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Analysis KW - Bivalves (s/a molluscs, individual groups below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13685090?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=A+short-exposure%2C+sublethal%2C+sediment+toxicity+test+using+the+marine+bivalve+Mulinia+lateralis%3A+statistical+design+and+comparative+sensitivity&rft.au=Burgess%2C+R+M%3BMorrison%2C+GE&rft.aulast=Burgess&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=571&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting chronic lethality of chemicals to fishes from acute toxicity test data: concepts and linear regression analysis AN - 13684872; 199403744 AB - A comprehensive approach to predicting chronic lethality from acute toxicity data was developed which simultaneously considered concentration, degree of response and time source of the effect. The tests were compared by a consistent end point, lethality, and zero per cent response. The approach assumed that concentration response was continuous in time and the mode of action for lethality was similar under acute and chronic responses. LC zero values for each observation time in an acute toxicity test were derived by simple linear regression. From these the chronic no observed effect concentration for lethality (PNOEC) was derived. Predicted PNOECs for 18 chemicals and 7 fish were highly accurate for 84-92 per cent of the time, being within a factor of 2. Growth effects, but not reproductive and other chronic effects, could be predicted from chronic lethality. There are 57 references. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Mayer, F L AU - Krause, G F AU - Buckler AU - Ellersieck, M R AU - Lee, G AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 671 EP - 678 VL - 13 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Analysis KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Zero KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13684872?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Predicting+chronic+lethality+of+chemicals+to+fishes+from+acute+toxicity+test+data%3A+concepts+and+linear+regression+analysis&rft.au=Mayer%2C+F+L%3BKrause%2C+G+F%3BBuckler%3BEllersieck%2C+M+R%3BLee%2C+G&rft.aulast=Mayer&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=671&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synchronous fluorometric measurement of metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the bile of brown bullhead AN - 13684715; 199404239 AB - A synchronous fluorescent spectroscopy (SFS) method was developed and used to assess the concentrations of PAH in the bile of brown bullheads (Ameiurus nebulosus) taken from the mouths of 4 tributaries of Erie lake. Two rivers, Old Woman Creek and Toussaint river, were relatively uncontaminated, whilst the Black river and Cuyahoga river were heavily contaminated by coking operations. The concentrations of benzo(a)pyrene-type metabolites were also measured by HPLC with fluorescence detection (HPLC/F). Concentrations of biliary PAH metabolites were higher in brown bullheads in the contaminated rivers than in the reference rivers. Correlation analyses of the 2 sets of data obtained by SFS and HPLC /F showed significance by both Pearson's sample correlation and Spearman's rank correlation. The SFS method required less instrumentation and no organic solvent consumption and might be more suitable than HPLC/F for screening large numbers of samples. There are 43 references. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Lin, ELC AU - Cormier, S M AU - Racine, R N AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 707 EP - 715 VL - 13 IS - 5 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Instrumentation KW - Sfs KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13684715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Synchronous+fluorometric+measurement+of+metabolites+of+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons+in+the+bile+of+brown+bullhead&rft.au=Lin%2C+ELC%3BCormier%2C+S+M%3BRacine%2C+R+N&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=ELC&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=707&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Value of supplemental air in improving RBC performance AN - 13682587; 199404398 AB - Three full-scale rotating biological contactors (RBC) with identical configurations receiving supplementary air in the first 2 stages were studied. In 2 plants, aeration was directly below the discs while, in the other, coarse bubbles were introduced into the flow splitting chamber before the first stage and at the end of the stage. Before the application of supplementary air, low dissolved oxygen concentrations produced a thick biomass, considerable Beggiatoa growth and a tendency to break shafts. The plants with optimal aeration were improved in all these respects. They also removed more BOD and achieved nitrification. The coarse bubble system was less effective. A penalty for improved performance was a greater amount of surplus sludge. JF - Water Pollution Research Journal of Canada AU - Surampalli, R Y AU - Tekippe, R J AU - Baumann, E R AD - U.S. EPA, Kansas City Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 53 EP - 73 VL - 29 IS - 1 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13682587?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Pollution+Research+Journal+of+Canada&rft.atitle=Value+of+supplemental+air+in+improving+RBC+performance&rft.au=Surampalli%2C+R+Y%3BTekippe%2C+R+J%3BBaumann%2C+E+R&rft.aulast=Surampalli&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Pollution+Research+Journal+of+Canada&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Application. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prediction of bioaccumulation of metals from contaminated sediments by the oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus AN - 13682431; 199403761 AB - The bioaccumulation of several cationic metals by the worm Lumbriculus variegatus was evaluated following 30 d exposures to sediments from the lower Fox river, Wis., containing elevated concentrations of the metals. Short-term tests with benthic species had shown that cadmium, nickel, lead, zinc and copper were not bioavailable when acid volatile sulphide concentrations were sufficient to bind the metals or when concentrations of metals in the sediment pore were low. A 30 d exposure to the test sediments suggested that metal bioavailability models based on the same factors might also be valid for long-term exposures. There are 38 references. JF - Water Research AU - Ankley, G T AU - Leonard, EN AU - Mattson, V R AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 1071 EP - 1076 VL - 28 IS - 5 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Pb KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13682431?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research&rft.atitle=Prediction+of+bioaccumulation+of+metals+from+contaminated+sediments+by+the+oligochaete+Lumbriculus+variegatus&rft.au=Ankley%2C+G+T%3BLeonard%2C+EN%3BMattson%2C+V+R&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1071&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modelling the accumulation of three waterborne chlorinated ethanes in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas): a physiologically based approach AN - 13681874; 199404687 AB - A physiologically-based kinetic model of uptake of a homologous series of chlorinated ethanes in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) was formulated. It considered entry through the gills and skin from the water compartment into the carcass, viscera and fat compartments. Rate of accumulation in a tissue was limited by blood flow. A series of mass balance equations were set up which ignored losses through biotransformation and in urine, bile and faeces. The model was parameterized for the 3 tissue compartments. It was validated by exposing fish to each of the chlorinated ethanes in a static chamber at 25C for times of up to 1 h. Homogenized fish were extracted and analysed by gas chromatography. Predicted and measured accumulations of the chlorinated ethanes were in close agreement. The skin was an important uptake route. There are 41 references. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Lien, G J AU - Nichols, J W AU - McKim, J M AU - Gallinat, CA AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 1195 EP - 1205 VL - 13 IS - 7 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Analysis KW - Chlorinated ethanes KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Viscera KW - Waterborne KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13681874?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Modelling+the+accumulation+of+three+waterborne+chlorinated+ethanes+in+fathead+minnows+%28Pimephales+promelas%29%3A+a+physiologically+based+approach&rft.au=Lien%2C+G+J%3BNichols%2C+J+W%3BMcKim%2C+J+M%3BGallinat%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Lien&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new policy on CSOs AN - 13681458; 199404506 AB - In its National Combined Sewer Overflow (CSO) Policy, the U.S. EPA had developed a method to co-ordinate the planning, selection, design and implementation of CSO management practices and controls to meet the requirements of the Clean Water Act. The public would be involved in the decision-making process. The background to the new policy is given, together with the expectations for municipalities and permitting authorities. JF - Water Environment & Technology AU - Lape, J L AU - Dwyer, T J AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 54 EP - 58 VL - 6 IS - 6 SN - 1044-9493, 1044-9493 KW - Cso KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13681458?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=A+new+policy+on+CSOs&rft.au=Lape%2C+J+L%3BDwyer%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Lape&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=54&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.issn=10449493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Legislation. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prediction of chemical residues in aquatic organisms for a field discharge situation AN - 13680255; 199405237 AB - Predicted and measured concentrations of biphenyl, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene and pyrene were compared in Decapoda and Lepomis sp. from 3 sampling locations in Five Mile Creek, Birmingham, Ala. Two point source discharges, both from coke manufacturing facilities, were included in the field site. The measured residues for Decapoda and Lepomis sp. were within a factor of 5 for 80 per cent and 53 per cent, respectively, of the residues predicted using U.S. EPA's draft procedure (US-EPA 1991b), and were within a factor of 5 for 60 per cent and 40 per cent, respectively of the residues predicted using the U.S. EPA's procedure with a bioconcentration factor set equal to the chemical's n-octanol/water partition coefficient. The predicted concentrations of residues were larger than measured residues for both species, the differences between the values being greater with increasing size of chemical. JF - Chemosphere AU - Burkhard, L P AU - Sheedy, B R AU - McCauley, D J AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 141 EP - 153 VL - 29 IS - 1 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Anthracene KW - Fluoranthene KW - Pyrene KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13680255?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Prediction+of+chemical+residues+in+aquatic+organisms+for+a+field+discharge+situation&rft.au=Burkhard%2C+L+P%3BSheedy%2C+B+R%3BMcCauley%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Burkhard&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multispectral identification of chlorine dioxide disinfection by-products in drinking water AN - 13680212; 199403814 AB - Semi-volatile by-products in drinking water from a treatment works using chlorine dioxide as primary disinfectant were extracted after Kuderna-Danish evaporation and separated by gas chromatography. Forty compounds were identified by high and low resolution electron impact mass spectrometry, low resolution chemical ionization mass spectrometry and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy. Halomethanes were formed only when chlorine was used later in the treatment process. Halopropanones and maleic anhydrides were among the more interesting compounds identified; the latter were derivatives of maleic acids arising from the extraction and concentration method. The levels of all compounds were extremely low. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Richardson, S D AU - Thruston, AD AU - Collette, T W AU - Patterson, K S AU - Lykins, B W AU - Majetich, G AU - Zhang, Y AD - U.S. EPA, Athens, Ga. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 592 EP - 599 VL - 28 IS - 4 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Maleic acids KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13680212?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Multispectral+identification+of+chlorine+dioxide+disinfection+by-products+in+drinking+water&rft.au=Richardson%2C+S+D%3BThruston%2C+AD%3BCollette%2C+T+W%3BPatterson%2C+K+S%3BLykins%2C+B+W%3BMajetich%2C+G%3BZhang%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Richardson&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=592&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inventory of constructed wetlands in the United States AN - 13680085; 199404877 AB - An inventory of constructed wetlands in the U.S.A. was undertaken by the U.S. EPA's Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory. Constructed wetlands were defined for the purpose of the study as wetlands specifically designed and built for wastewater and located at a site where natural wetlands did not exist at the time of construction. They were categorized as free-water-surface and subsurface flow types. The existence of more than 150 systems of both types is documented. Most were subsurface flow systems for the treatment of municipal wastewater. Data on design criteria were collated. Insufficient oxygen for nitrification seemed to be a recurring problem for both types of system. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Brown, D S AU - Reed, S C AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 309 EP - 318 VL - 29 IS - 4 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - Hazard KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13680085?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Inventory+of+constructed+wetlands+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Brown%2C+D+S%3BReed%2C+S+C&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=309&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Managing water quality in distribution systems; simulating TTHM and chlorine residual propagation AN - 13679666; 199405529 AB - Problems faced by U.S. water utilities in meeting certain requirements of the Safe Drinking Water Act and its amendments as to quality, while at the same time providing a quantity which might compel them to use a source of doubtful quality, are outlined. In the instance cited, the need to maintain an adequate chlorine residual in the mains, while ensuring that maximal contaminant levels for total trihalomethanes were met, posed problems to a utility using 2 water sources. One was technically groundwater, albeit derived from a river via infiltration into a well field from which it was extracted via Ranney collectors, the other was a lake. The groundwater source was used day-round, year-round, the lake only during daily and seasonal peak periods. The groundwater contained virtually no trihalomethane formation precursors, while the lake was rich in them. The proportion of water from each source at any one place and time within the distribution system would vary, and flow reversal within it was common. A model of the hydraulics of the system, and relevant water qualities at selected nodes, was set up, and predictions compared with actual values. The calibrated model will be used to suggest options for water management; these include blending supplies before any treatment, more intensive treatment of the lake source alone, and renovation of sections of the distribution system which appear to be imposing a high chlorine demand, whose reduction would perhaps allow the present chlorination dose to be reduced. JF - Aqua AU - Clark, R M AU - Smalley, G AU - Goodrich, JA AU - Tull, R AU - Rossman, LA AU - Vasconcelos, J J AU - Boulos, P F AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 182 EP - 191 VL - 43 IS - 4 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13679666?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aqua&rft.atitle=Managing+water+quality+in+distribution+systems%3B+simulating+TTHM+and+chlorine+residual+propagation&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BSmalley%2C+G%3BGoodrich%2C+JA%3BTull%2C+R%3BRossman%2C+LA%3BVasconcelos%2C+J+J%3BBoulos%2C+P+F&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=182&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aqua&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applications of MEKC in the determination of benzidines following extraction from water, soil sediment, and chromatographic absorbents AN - 13679105; 199405789 AB - Benzidine (4,4'-diaminobiphenyl) and 3 substituted analogues were determined in water, soil and sediment using micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC). The recovery of benzidines from chromatographic absorbents was also determined using MEKC. The determination of benzidines in soil extracts was achieved in about 2 minutes following solid-phase extraction clean-up by using short benzidines from soil and sediment matrices and from chromatographic absorbents. Several solvent systems were investigated with varying degrees of success for extraction at contaminant levels in the ug per g range for soil. There are 31 references. JF - Journal of Chromatographic Science AU - Brumley, W C AU - Brownrigg, C M AD - U.S. EPA, Las Vegas, Nev. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 69 EP - 75 VL - 32 IS - 3 SN - 0021-9665, 0021-9665 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13679105?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chromatographic+Science&rft.atitle=Applications+of+MEKC+in+the+determination+of+benzidines+following+extraction+from+water%2C+soil+sediment%2C+and+chromatographic+absorbents&rft.au=Brumley%2C+W+C%3BBrownrigg%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Brumley&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Chromatographic+Science&rft.issn=00219665&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alternative disinfectants for drinking water treatment AN - 13678381; 199405821 AB - The effects of chlorine, ozone, chloramine and chlorine dioxide on disinfectant by-product (DBP) formation were evaluated at a pilot plant in Jefferson Parish, La. Sand filtered water derived from the lower Mississippi river was split into 5 treatment streams, each subject to different disinfectant, and followed by GAC filtration. One stream was not disinfected. Surrogate parameters including TOC and total organic halide (TOX), 18 halogenated DBP, MS2 phage, coliforms, heterotrophs, assimilable organic carbon and mutagenicity were determined for a period of one year. The combination of preozonation and postchloramination produced the lowest concentration of DBP. Annual simulated average concentrations of TOX and total halogenated DBP in the distribution system were 27 and 12 ug per litre, respectively; these concentrations could be reduced to 13 and 7 ug per litre, respectively, by GAC filtration. No single disinfectant or combination of disinfectants was suitable for all situations. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Lykins, B W AU - Koffskey, W E AU - Patterson, K S AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 745 EP - 758 VL - 120 IS - 4 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13678381?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Alternative+disinfectants+for+drinking+water+treatment&rft.au=Lykins%2C+B+W%3BKoffskey%2C+W+E%3BPatterson%2C+K+S&rft.aulast=Lykins&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=745&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of FRNA coliphages in groundwater: interference with the assay by somatic salmonella bacteriophages AN - 13678061; 199405708 AB - Somatic salmonella phages, which were previously reported to interfere with the assay of surface waters for F-specific RNA (FRNA) coliphages, were also found to interfere in the assay of groundwaters. Groundwater samples from 2 sites in Alabama were assayed for FRNA coliphages using Salmonella typhimurium WG49 as the host bacterium. Numerous plaques were detected with WG49 and with an F(minus) control strain of S. typhimurium. Five isolates were plaque purified and examined by electron microscopy but none were consistent in morphology with the cubic FRNA coliphages. Host range evaluation supported classification of the isolates as salmonella phages. JF - Letters in Applied Microbiology AU - Williams, F P AU - Stetler, R E AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 79 EP - 82 VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 0266-8254, 0266-8254 KW - Strain (biological) KW - Surface water (s/a lakes,ponds,reservoirs,streams) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13678061?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Letters+in+Applied+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Detection+of+FRNA+coliphages+in+groundwater%3A+interference+with+the+assay+by+somatic+salmonella+bacteriophages&rft.au=Williams%2C+F+P%3BStetler%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Letters+in+Applied+Microbiology&rft.issn=02668254&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Induced cytochrome P4501A in winter flounder, Pleuronectes americanus, from offshore and coastal sites AN - 13678018; 199405725 AB - The content and activity of hepatic cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) in winter flounder (Pleuronectes americanus) populations from a region ranging from New York state, U.S.A., to New Brunswick, Canada, were measured. The relationship between CYP1A content and activity and concentrations of PCB in flounder livers from coastal and offshore sites was also investigated. Correlations between CYP1A content and activity and hepatic concentrations of Aroclor 1254 and 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl were established. The results indicated that induction of CYP1A protein occurred strongly along most of the industrialized coast and less strongly at sites distant from urban centres. There are 56 references. JF - Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences AU - Monosson, E AU - Stegeman, J J AD - U.S. EPA, Narragansett, R.I. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 933 EP - 941 VL - 51 IS - 4 SN - 0706-652X, 0706-652X KW - Pleuronectes americanus KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13678018?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences&rft.atitle=Induced+cytochrome+P4501A+in+winter+flounder%2C+Pleuronectes+americanus%2C+from+offshore+and+coastal+sites&rft.au=Monosson%2C+E%3BStegeman%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Monosson&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=933&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences&rft.issn=0706652X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of selected carboxylic acids and alcohols in groundwater by GC-MS AN - 13677945; 199405775 AB - Selected carboxylic acids and alcohols were determined in water samples using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Samples were analysed without preparation by direct injection on a DB-FFAP column. Unlike typical coatings, this allowed most carboxylic acids to pass through it. The compounds analysed included aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acids, aliphatic alcohols and phenols. The instrument response was linear across 2 orders of magnitude for alcohols and over 3 orders of magnitude for carboxylic acids. A detection limit of less than 10 mg per litre was achieved for most compounds. The method was robust and easily automated. JF - Journal of Chromatographic Science AU - Beihoffer, J AU - Ferguson, C AD - U.S. EPA, Denver, Colo. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 102 EP - 106 VL - 32 IS - 3 SN - 0021-9665, 0021-9665 KW - Analysis KW - Columns KW - Instrumentation KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13677945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chromatographic+Science&rft.atitle=Determination+of+selected+carboxylic+acids+and+alcohols+in+groundwater+by+GC-MS&rft.au=Beihoffer%2C+J%3BFerguson%2C+C&rft.aulast=Beihoffer&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=102&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Chromatographic+Science&rft.issn=00219665&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S. drinking water regulations: treatment technologies and cost AN - 13677013; 199405803 AB - The legislative background to U.S. drinking water regulations is outlined. Maximal contaminant levels (MCL) and regulations under development are identified. Treatment options to meet regulations are identified for synthetic organic chemicals, inorganic chemicals, radionuclides and disinfection by-products (DBP). Costs of achieving compliance with regulations are estimated at 1.6 billion U.S. dollars. There are 30 references. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Lykins, B W AU - Clark, R M AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 783 EP - 802 VL - 120 IS - 4 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Inorganic -- (see also without this prefix) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13677013?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=U.S.+drinking+water+regulations%3A+treatment+technologies+and+cost&rft.au=Lykins%2C+B+W%3BClark%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Lykins&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=783&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Legislation. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A national study of chemical residues in fish: III: study results AN - 13675758; 199405787 AB - Samples of bottom feeding and game fish were collected from nearly 400 sites and were analysed for 15 polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans, PCB, 21 pesticides, 13 other organic chemicals and mercury. PCB were found at 91 per cent of sites, with a concentration above 10 ug per g at 10 sites. 2,3,7,8- tetrachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin was found at 70 per cent of sites, and had a maximal concentration of 204 ppt, while 2,3,7,8- tetrachlorinated dibenzofuran was found at 89 per cent of sites, with a maximal concentration of 404 ppt. These 2 pollutants were associated with pulp and paper mills using chlorine, in samples taken between 1986 and 1989. p,p'-DDE was found in more than 99 per cent of samples, and at the highest contaminant concentration (maximum 14,000 ng per g). (see also preceding abstracts). JF - Chemosphere AU - Kuehl, D W AU - Butterworth, B AU - Marquis, P J AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 523 EP - 535 VL - 29 IS - 3 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Analysis KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Game KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - Tetrachlorinated dibenzofuran KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13675758?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=A+national+study+of+chemical+residues+in+fish%3A+III%3A+study+results&rft.au=Kuehl%2C+D+W%3BButterworth%2C+B%3BMarquis%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Kuehl&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=523&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of Guthion and Guthion 2S to Xenopus laevis embryos AN - 13675184; 199405993 AB - The development of African clawed frog embryos (Xenopus laevis) exposed to the pesticide Guthion (technical grade) or Guthion 2S (commercial grade) was evaluated in modified Frog Embryo Teratogenesis Assay Xenopus (FETAX) tests. Embryos were exposed to increasing concentrations of pesticide in 10 and 100 ml volumes of test solution for 96 h. Embryos exposed in 10 ml volumes of Guthion exhibited increased mortality, increased deformation and decreased size compared with those exposed in 100 ml volumes. The LC50 for embryos exposed in 10 ml tests was 6.1-6.3 mg per litre. In 100 ml tests, the LC50 was 10.6-11.9 mg per litre. The LC50 for embryos in 100 ml Guthion 2S was 1.6 mg active ingredient per litre, indicating that the commercial formulation was more toxic than the technical grade. The No Observed Adverse Effect Level values for Guthion and Guthion 2S were 0.48-7.96 mg per litre, much greater than the existing water quality criterion of 0.01 ug per litre. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Schuytema, G S AU - Nebeker, A V AU - Griffis, W L AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis, Ore. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 250 EP - 255 VL - 27 IS - 2 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13675184?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+Guthion+and+Guthion+2S+to+Xenopus+laevis+embryos&rft.au=Schuytema%2C+G+S%3BNebeker%2C+A+V%3BGriffis%2C+W+L&rft.aulast=Schuytema&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=250&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in deposition of organic matter and nutrients in the Baltic sea during the twentieth century AN - 13674407; 199405635 AB - In 1986-1990, 121 surface sediment samples and 29 core samples were collected from offshore sites in the Baltic sea. Loss on ignition in surface sediments was 16.8 per cent in the Baltic sea proper but 8.3 per cent in the Bothnian sea. Comparison with data from 1930 showed a doubling of organic matter in the top 10 cm of the sediment core. Calculations from amounts of carbon sequestered in laminated sediments suggested that carbon from primary production increased more than 5-fold during the 1980s. The erosion of uplifted old sediments played an important part in the calculation of mass balances of nutrients in the Baltic Sea but increased sedimentation might affect the response of the ecosystem to further nutrient changes. There are 43 references. JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin AU - Jonsson, P AU - Carman, R AD - Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Solna Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 417 EP - 426 VL - 28 IS - 7 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13674407?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Changes+in+deposition+of+organic+matter+and+nutrients+in+the+Baltic+sea+during+the+twentieth+century&rft.au=Jonsson%2C+P%3BCarman%2C+R&rft.aulast=Jonsson&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=417&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - National ground water monitoring strategy update AN - 13670951; S199850898 AB - As part of a North American initiative to record water quality, an Inter-Governmental Task Force on Monitoring Water Quality was formed. A primary duty was to establish a national water quality monitoring strategy. The Task Force initially concentrated on surface water, prescribing for its quality monitoring the ground rules for sampling and analytical methods, data collection and recording, and identification of meaningful environmental indicators against which to assess the effectiveness of water protection measures. Similar duties for ground water have now been entrusted to the Ground Water Focus Group, an offshoot of the Task Force. To date, the Group has sought to achieve comparability of quality records, so that regional and national quality patterns might have a historically valid basis. Different records might be required for regulatory and compliance purposes. The Group has so far adopted the environmental indicators (biological, chemical and physical) selected for surface water quality but is actively seeking views from within the groundwater industry for other indicators which might be equally or more appropriate for their specific interests. JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Marshall, J AU - Ginsberg, M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 65 EP - 66 VL - 14 IS - 1 KW - Analysis KW - Surface water (s/a lakes,ponds,reservoirs,streams) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13670951?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=National+ground+water+monitoring+strategy+update&rft.au=Marshall%2C+J%3BGinsberg%2C+M&rft.aulast=Marshall&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: General. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Semiautomated fluorometric analysis of nucleic acids in tissue homogenates AN - 13670816; S199952232 AB - Total nucleic acids were assessed by scanning tissue homogenates of oysters and larval lobsters, mixed with buffer and ethidium bromide, at 520 nm excitation, 630 nm emission. Fluorescence due to RNA was then destroyed by adding RNase. A second reading quantified the DNA content and gave the RNA concentration by difference. An alternative, which did not significantly increase accuracy, was to measure DNA directly by destroying it with a divalent cation and DNase. The procedure's efficiency was improved by using a computer-driven multiwell plate scanning system to measure fluorescence at timed intervals and perform data manipulations. Detection limits of 0.1 ug DNA and 0.4 ug RNA were achieved. Recoveries were 91-119 per cent. Although interference from other compounds in the homogenates was not detected in this case, attention must be given to this potential problem. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Water Quality AU - Nacci, D AU - Cheer, S AU - Jackim, E AU - Juinio, A AD - U.S. EPA, Narragansett, R.I. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 123 EP - 130 VL - 9 IS - 2 SN - 1053-4725, 1053-4725 KW - Ethidium bromide KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13670816?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Water+Quality&rft.atitle=Semiautomated+fluorometric+analysis+of+nucleic+acids+in+tissue+homogenates&rft.au=Nacci%2C+D%3BCheer%2C+S%3BJackim%2C+E%3BJuinio%2C+A&rft.aulast=Nacci&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Water+Quality&rft.issn=10534725&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sand spiked with copper as a reference toxicant material for sediment toxicity testing: a preliminary evaluation AN - 13669165; S199851344 AB - The production of a reference toxicant material using clean muffled sand spiked with copper is described. The bivalve Mulinia lateralis was exposed to the material in 96 h toxicity tests. Measurement of copper concentrations in the water column during tests showed less than a 10-fold variation between tests. Coefficients of variation (CV) for mortality and growth measurements were 39 and 42 per cent, respectively. These values compared favourably with CV for water based reference materials. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Burgess, R M AU - Rogers, BA AU - Rego, SA AU - Corbin, J M AU - Morrison, GE AD - U.S. EPA, Narragansett, R.I. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 163 EP - 168 VL - 26 IS - 2 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Bivalves (s/a molluscs, individual groups below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13669165?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Sand+spiked+with+copper+as+a+reference+toxicant+material+for+sediment+toxicity+testing%3A+a+preliminary+evaluation&rft.au=Burgess%2C+R+M%3BRogers%2C+BA%3BRego%2C+SA%3BCorbin%2C+J+M%3BMorrison%2C+GE&rft.aulast=Burgess&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Point-of-use/point-of-entry treatment of drinking water AN - 13666455; 199500244 AB - Point-of-use/point-of-entry (POU/POE) devices for controlling contaminants in drinking water are discussed. Granular activated carbon (GAC), membranes, ion exchange, distillation, aeration and disinfection could feature in such units. GAC-based devices were tested on a groundwater containing trace organic compounds of agricultural origin and another water contaminated with trichloroethylene. The effectiveness of the units varied in the volumes of water they treated before exhaustion. Most met their specification. The use of POU/POE was feasible for a water utility with many small sources and no centralized treatment facilities supplying 25 or fewer households in any group. JF - Water Supply AU - Lykins, B W AU - Goodrich, JA AU - Clark, R M AU - Harrison, J AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 4 EP - 1-4-5 VL - 12 IS - 1/2 SN - 0735-1917, 0735-1917 KW - Equipment KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13666455?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Supply&rft.atitle=Point-of-use%2Fpoint-of-entry+treatment+of+drinking+water&rft.au=Lykins%2C+B+W%3BGoodrich%2C+JA%3BClark%2C+R+M%3BHarrison%2C+J&rft.aulast=Lykins&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1%2F2&rft.spage=4&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Supply&rft.issn=07351917&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of the natural pesticide rotenone in water using liquid-solid disk extraction, supercritical fluid elution, and liquid chromatography/particle beam mass spectrometry AN - 13663516; 199501202 AB - An analytical method was developed to monitor the naturally occurring fish toxin, rotenone, used widely in the U.S.A. as a pesticide on food crops, ornamental plants, in pet treatments and to reduce undesirable fish populations. The method development included sample storage studies, liquid-solid extraction (C18-silica disks), elution from the disks with acetonitrile-modified supercritical carbon dioxide, and liquid chromatography/particle beam mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS). Measured rotenone levels in lock water samples were in good agreement with concentrations estimated from the dosing conditions used in a series of fish population and species diversity studies. Upon release of lock water into the lower Ohio river, rotenone levels were reduced to below the analytical detection limits (4 ug per litre). JF - Analytical Chemistry AU - Ho, J S AU - Budde, W L AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 3716 EP - 3722 VL - 66 IS - 21 KW - Analysis KW - Animals (see also individual groups below) KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13663516?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+the+natural+pesticide+rotenone+in+water+using+liquid-solid+disk+extraction%2C+supercritical+fluid+elution%2C+and+liquid+chromatography%2Fparticle+beam+mass+spectrometry&rft.au=Ho%2C+J+S%3BBudde%2C+W+L&rft.aulast=Ho&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=3716&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Constructed wetlands in the USA AN - 13660458; 199502897 AB - Interest in the U.S.A., where 25 per cent of households were not connected to the public sewer, in the use of constructed wetlands for the treatment of wastewater led the U.S. EPA to conduct a fact-finding exercise into how many wetlands (natural, constructed, or hybrid) there were in the country being used for this purpose, and how well they worked by comparison with those in other countries (especially European). It also considered design criteria, operational problems, and costs. The principal design difference concerned the elevation of flow into them; this could occur either on or below the surface, which usually supported either cattails and bulrushes or reeds, respectively (though some arboreal wetlands relied on such trees as willows, cypresses and maples). Where surface flow was used, the dominant treatment processes were air/water interactions via atmospheric contact, and soil water contact, the biological importance of the plants being slight. But in sub-surface flow systems, air/water interaction was very limited, soil water interactions becoming dominant; the role of the plants in providing oxygen to the soil bacteria was unproven. Surface flow systems were susceptible to physical damage to the banks, dykes or berms and to short-circuiting, reducing the detention time; sub-surface types tended to clog, compelling the water to flow on rather than under the surface and for this reason a very conservative value should be used in calculations involving hydraulic conductivity. Performance data were very limited but indicated that the effluent from both types would probably not meet the standards required for acceptance by streams (30 mg BOD and suspended solids per litre). Costs were highly site-specific, and in the case of sub-surface systems would depend heavily on whether suitable media was locally available in the quantity required or had to be brought in. Research into operation in cold climate conditions was going to be conducted in Canada and into improving oxygen transfer in Tennessee. JF - Water Quality International AU - Brown, D S AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 24 EP - 28 IS - 4 SN - 0892-211X, 0892-211X KW - Media KW - Reduction KW - Short circuit KW - Surface water (s/a lakes,ponds,reservoirs,streams) KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13660458?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Quality+International&rft.atitle=Constructed+wetlands+in+the+USA&rft.au=Brown%2C+D+S&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Quality+International&rft.issn=0892211X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PCBs and other chlorinated organic contaminants in tissues of juvenile Kemp's ridley turtles (Lepidochelys kempi) AN - 13658526; 199501677 AB - Sea turtles (Lepidochelys kempi) killed by seasonal low temperature, were collected from the eastern shores of Long Island between 1980 and 1989 and concentrations measured of PCB and chlorinated pesticides in liver and body fat. PCB concentrations varied between 655 ng per g in 1980 to 272 ng per g in 1989 in liver samples, and 1250 ng per g in 1980 to 476 ng per g in 1989 in body fat. Average liver concentrations were 4 to 10 times higher than in livers of other sea turtles. The highest PCB concentration found was 20 times less than that causing reproductive effects in the freshwater turtle Chelydra serpentina. Average annual concentrations of p,p'-DDE and trans-nonachlor were 137 to 386 ng per g and 27.5 to 129 ng per g. Concentrations of PCB, p,p'-DDE and trans-nonachlor were strongly correlated and suggested that either tissue could be used to monitor the contaminants. JF - Marine Environmental Research AU - Lake, J L AU - Haebler, R AU - Mckinney, R AU - Lake, CA AU - Sadove, S S AD - U.S. EPA, Narragansett, R.I. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 313 EP - 327 VL - 38 IS - 4 SN - 0141-1136, 0141-1136 KW - Trans -- (see also without prefix) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13658526?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=PCBs+and+other+chlorinated+organic+contaminants+in+tissues+of+juvenile+Kemp%27s+ridley+turtles+%28Lepidochelys+kempi%29&rft.au=Lake%2C+J+L%3BHaebler%2C+R%3BMckinney%2C+R%3BLake%2C+CA%3BSadove%2C+S+S&rft.aulast=Lake&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=313&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Environmental+Research&rft.issn=01411136&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Volatile organic analysis by direct aqueous injection AN - 13658223; 199501730 AB - Direct aqueous injection (DAI) analysis with gas chromatographic separation was studied for 24 volatile organic compounds (VOC). Aqueous samples were directly introduced to a gas chromatograph using fused-silica, mega-bore capillary column separation with subsequent full-scan ion trap mass spectrometric (MS) detection. Internal standardization was used to determine the precision of analysing the 24 VOC by DAI. Comparisons of single-ion response curves to triple-ion response curves showed that triple-ion quantitation was more sensitive and precise than single-ion quantitation. Of the 24 VOC determined at the 20 ppb level, 19 and 20 were detected by the single-ion and triple-ion calibration, respectively. Regression correlation coefficients for the 24 response curves by the 2 methods ranged from 0.910 to 0.998. Precision, measured by per cent relative standard deviation, was best for later eluting compounds and for higher concentrations. Analysis of an environmental sample by DAI was accomplished in 12 minutes and indicated the presence of benzene (80 ppb) and chlorobenzene (2 ppm). This technique was seen as a feasible option for screening for VOC and as having the potential for expansion to include higher boiling compounds. JF - Talanta AU - Pyle, S M AU - Gurka, D F AD - U.S. EPA, Las Vegas, Nevo. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 1845 EP - 1852 VL - 41 IS - 11 SN - 0039-9140, 0039-9140 KW - Analysis KW - Dai KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13658223?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Talanta&rft.atitle=Volatile+organic+analysis+by+direct+aqueous+injection&rft.au=Pyle%2C+S+M%3BGurka%2C+D+F&rft.aulast=Pyle&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1845&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Talanta&rft.issn=00399140&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of techniques for the isolation of sediment pore water for toxicity testing AN - 13655315; 199502198 AB - Pore water was prepared from sediments collected at Saginaw river and Keweenaw waterway using 5 different techniques: high speed (10,000 x g) and low speed (2500 x g) centrifugation, syringe extraction, compression, and dialysis. The samples were compared with respect to toxicity to Ceriodaphnia dubia. The centrifugation techniques yielded adequate volumes of water for testing and required relatively little effort. The other 3 techniques were labour intensive and/or yielded small quantities of pore water. Sample filtration led to significant losses in toxicity. Low speed centrifugation generally resulted in higher metal concentrations than the other techniques but a relatively high proportion of these metals were biologically unavailable. Centrifugation, preferably at 10,000 x g, without subsequent filtration was recommended for the preparation of pore water. There are 37 references. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Ankley, G T AU - Schubauer-Berigan, M K AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 507 EP - 512 VL - 27 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13655315?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+techniques+for+the+isolation+of+sediment+pore+water+for+toxicity+testing&rft.au=Ankley%2C+G+T%3BSchubauer-Berigan%2C+M+K&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=507&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of viruses in environmental samples: suitability of commercial rotavirus and adenovirus test kits. AN - 76237856; 8113340 AB - Commercially marketed kits are now available for rapid viral assay of clinical specimens. This study was conducted to determine the suitability of these kits for use in environmental testing. Eight rotavirus kits and one enteric adenovirus kit were screened for sensitivity using simian rotavirus SA11, human rotavirus Wa, and adenovirus 41. The most sensitive rotavirus kit and the adenovirus kit were selected for further evaluation using virus-seeded and unseeded sewage samples. The selected rotavirus kit proved capable of detecting virus at the 10(1) PFU/ml level. The enteric adenovirus kit was similarly sensitive, detecting virus at the 10(1) TCID50/ml level. Neither kit was adversely affected by the presence of sewage. Kit assay revealed 3 of 30 unseeded sewage samples to be positive for rotavirus. Adenovirus positive samples were not detected among the 30 samples. These results were confirmed using electron microscopy. It was concluded that sensitive commercial kits could provide a reasonable alternative to cell culture for the presumptive testing of environmental samples. JF - Journal of virological methods AU - Dahling, D R AU - Wright, B A AU - Williams, F P AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH 45268. Y1 - 1993/12/15/ PY - 1993 DA - 1993 Dec 15 SP - 137 EP - 147 VL - 45 IS - 2 SN - 0166-0934, 0166-0934 KW - Sewage KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Evaluation Studies as Topic KW - Latex Fixation Tests -- statistics & numerical data KW - Humans KW - Immunoenzyme Techniques -- statistics & numerical data KW - Latex Fixation Tests -- methods KW - Rotavirus -- isolation & purification KW - Virology -- statistics & numerical data KW - Adenoviridae -- isolation & purification KW - Virology -- methods KW - Environmental Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76237856?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+virological+methods&rft.atitle=Detection+of+viruses+in+environmental+samples%3A+suitability+of+commercial+rotavirus+and+adenovirus+test+kits.&rft.au=Dahling%2C+D+R%3BWright%2C+B+A%3BWilliams%2C+F+P&rft.aulast=Dahling&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1993-12-15&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+virological+methods&rft.issn=01660934&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-03-25 N1 - Date created - 1994-03-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exposure of the general population to gasoline. AN - 76292436; 8020446 AB - This paper summarizes the currently available information on gasoline exposure to the general population. In general, the largest contribution to the time weighted exposures results from exposures while indoors, which are influenced by the outside air, indoor sources, and attached garages. Personal activities, including refueling and commuting, contribute significantly higher exposures but last for only a small portion of the 24-hr time weighted average. The highest exposed group includes those individuals living near large service stations and those with contaminated water supplies. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Akland, G G AD - Office of Research and Development (MD-75), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1993/12// PY - 1993 DA - December 1993 SP - 27 EP - 32 VL - 101 Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Gasoline KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- adverse effects KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- adverse effects KW - Humans KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Public Health KW - Gasoline -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76292436?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Exposure+of+the+general+population+to+gasoline.&rft.au=Tamm%2C+Leanne%3BGarner%2C+Annie+A.%3BLoren%2C+Richard+E.+A.%3BEpstein%2C+Jeffery+N.%3BVaughn%2C+Aaron+J.%3BCiesielski%2C+Heather+A.%3BBecker%2C+Stephen+P.&rft.aulast=Tamm&rft.aufirst=Leanne&rft.date=2016-08-30&rft.volume=242&rft.issue=&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Psychiatry+Research&rft.issn=01651781&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.psychres.2016.05.054 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-08-04 N1 - Date created - 1994-08-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Toxicol Lett. 1987 Jan;35(1):113-6 [3810671] Cell Biol Toxicol. 1989 Nov;5(3):297-314 [2598086] Toxicol Ind Health. 1990 Dec;6(6):517-32 [2097817] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interpretation of male rat renal tubule tumors. AN - 76288268; 7517352 AB - Based on an analysis of recent scientific studies, a Technical Panel of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Risk Assessment Forum recently advised EPA risk assessors against using information on certain male rat renal tubule tumors to assess human risk under conditions specified in a new Forum report. Risk assessment approaches generally assume that chemicals producing tumors in laboratory animals are a potential cancer hazard to humans. For most chemicals, including classical rodent kidney carcinogens such as N-ethyl-N-hydroxyethylnitrosamine, this extrapolation remains appropriate. Some chemicals, however, induce accumulation of alpha 2u-globulin (alpha 2u-g), a low molecular weight protein, in the male rat kidney. The alpha 2u-g accumulation initiates a sequence of events that appears to lead to renal tubule tumor formation. Female rats and other laboratory mammals administered the same chemicals do not accumulate low molecular weight protein in the kidney, and they do not develop renal tubule tumors. Because humans appear to be more like other laboratory animals than like the male rat, in this special situation, the male rat is not a good model for assessing human risk. The Forum report stresses the need for full scrutiny of a substantial set of data to determine when it is reasonable to presume that renal tumors in male rats are linked to a process involving alpha 2u-g accumulation and to select appropriate procedures for estimating human risks under such circumstances. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Rodgers, I S AU - Baetcke, K P AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460. Y1 - 1993/12// PY - 1993 DA - December 1993 SP - 45 EP - 52 VL - 101 Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Alpha-Globulins KW - 0 KW - alpha 2u globulin KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Alpha-Globulins -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Kidney Tubules KW - Kidney Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Kidney Neoplasms -- metabolism KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76288268?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Interpretation+of+male+rat+renal+tubule+tumors.&rft.au=Rodgers%2C+I+S%3BBaetcke%2C+K+P&rft.aulast=Rodgers&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101+Suppl+6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-08-04 N1 - Date created - 1994-08-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1987 Oct;9(3):380-8 [3691997] Toxicology. 1986 Feb;38(2):227-40 [2418536] Scand J Work Environ Health. 1987 Dec;13(6):493-504 [3433051] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1988;12(1):85-154 [3383842] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1988;24(2):145-60 [2455062] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1988 Nov;96(2):367-79 [2461605] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1988 Nov;96(2):380-92 [2461606] Int Rev Exp Pathol. 1988;30:357-83 [3061963] Trends Biochem Sci. 1988 Feb;13(2):64-6 [3238752] Am J Ind Med. 1989;15(3):283-310 [2929617] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1989 Jun 1;99(1):122-32 [2471290] Am J Ind Med. 1989;15(2):131-41 [2729279] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1989 Jun 15;99(2):250-9 [2472019] Endocrinology. 1989 Sep;125(3):1385-8 [2474439] Environ Mutagen. 1986;8 Suppl 7:1-119 [3516675] Lab Invest. 1986 May;54(5):479-98 [3517485] Toxicol Pathol. 1986;14(1):109-11 [2424069] Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Oct;6(10):3563-7 [2432391] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1987 Jan;87(1):127-40 [3798449] Food Chem Toxicol. 1987 Jan;25(1):53-61 [3817662] Science. 1987 Feb 27;235(4792):1053-6 [3493528] Nature. 1987 Jun 25-Jul 1;327(6124):659 [3600763] FASEB J. 1987 Sep;1(3):209-14 [3622999] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1987 Aug;90(1):43-51 [2442852] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1987 Nov;91(2):171-81 [2445050] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1987 Nov;91(2):182-92 [2445051] Lab Invest. 1987 Nov;57(5):564-77 [3682766] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1987;10 Suppl 10:1-175 [3319609] Cancer Res. 1989 Nov 15;49(22):6369-78 [2804983] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1989 Dec;101(3):414-31 [2481346] Food Chem Toxicol. 1989 Oct;27(10):639-49 [2481635] Br J Ind Med. 1990 Mar;47(3):162-8 [2328223] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1990 May;103(3):539-48 [1692643] Scand J Work Environ Health. 1990 Apr;16(2):108-12 [2353193] Trends Biochem Sci. 1990 Jun;15(6):240-3 [1696404] Toxicol Lett. 1990 Sep;53(1-2):179-81 [1699300] Food Chem Toxicol. 1990 Oct;28(10):669-75 [2276695] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1991 Mar 1;107(3):429-38 [1705729] Arch Toxicol. 1990;64(7):530-8 [1705787] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1990 Nov;15(4):732-43 [1707839] Arch Toxicol. 1990;64(8):684-5 [2090039] IARC Sci Publ. 1990;(99):301-44 [2093652] Cancer Res. 1991 Jul 1;51(13):3512-21 [1711412] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1991 May;16(4):749-62 [1715830] Scand J Work Environ Health. 1991 Aug;17(4):231-9 [1925434] Cancer Res. 1976 Oct;36(10):3588-93 [60171] Biochemistry. 1975 Feb 25;14(4):825-9 [46757] J Biol Chem. 1982 Nov 25;257(22):13527-34 [6183262] J Biol Chem. 1983 Aug 25;258(16):10123-7 [6193107] Environ Mutagen. 1983;5 Suppl 1:1-142 [6365529] J Biol Chem. 1984 Mar 25;259(6):3653-7 [6200478] Carcinogenesis. 1984 Aug;5(8):1047-50 [6744513] Toxicology. 1984 Dec;33(3-4):261-73 [6083631] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1985 Aug;5(4):785-93 [4043600] Environ Health Perspect. 1985 Oct;62:303-12 [4085434] Mutat Res. 1988 Jan;204(1):17-115 [3277047] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of subpopulations that are sensitive to ozone exposure: use of end points currently available and potential use of laboratory-based end points under development. AN - 76281052; 8206037 AB - A number of epidemiological studies have attempted to assess the effect of recurrent ozone exposure in humans. For the most part, they have failed to document convincingly an association between chronic ozone exposure and differences in lung function performance or respiratory symptoms. This is not surprising given the small respiratory effects observed in animals chronically exposed to ozone and assuming that people with abnormal respiratory function resulting from other occupational or environmental exposures, such as tobacco smoke, would make up a much larger percentage of the population than people with respiratory effects attributable to ozone. Therefore, either more sensitive end points must be developed to detect subtle changes due to chronic ozone exposure, or ways of selecting subpopulations that are especially sensitive to ozone must be devised. It has been well documented that there are large and reproducible differences in the acute response of individuals to ozone as measured by pulmonary function tests. Recently, it has also been shown that there are large differences in the acute response of individuals to ozone as measured by inflammatory and other biochemical parameters. This paper discusses the problems of selecting individuals who are sensitive to ozone depending on the end point chosen. It also describes potential new sensitive end points that might be available for ozone epidemiology studies in the near future. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Devlin, R B AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1993/12// PY - 1993 DA - December 1993 SP - 225 EP - 230 VL - 101 Suppl 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Magnetic Resonance Imaging KW - Humans KW - Vital Capacity -- physiology KW - Forced Expiratory Volume -- physiology KW - Nasal Lavage Fluid -- cytology KW - Respiratory Hypersensitivity -- physiopathology KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Respiratory Hypersensitivity -- chemically induced KW - Ozone -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76281052?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Identification+of+subpopulations+that+are+sensitive+to+ozone+exposure%3A+use+of+end+points+currently+available+and+potential+use+of+laboratory-based+end+points+under+development.&rft.au=Devlin%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Devlin&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101+Suppl+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-07-14 N1 - Date created - 1994-07-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Arch Environ Health. 1992 Jan-Feb;47(1):39-44 [1540001] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1990 Nov;142(5):1158-63 [2240838] J Air Pollut Control Assoc. 1984 Aug;34(8):804-9 [6481003] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1985 Jan;131(1):36-40 [3966712] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1985 Mar;131(3):314-20 [3977170] J Appl Physiol (1985). 1985 May;58(5):1630-7 [3997727] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1985 Jul;132(1):36-41 [4014870] J Air Pollut Control Assoc. 1985 Nov;35(11):1154-8 [4067091] Environ Health Perspect. 1985 Oct;62:243-58 [4085428] J Appl Physiol (1985). 1986 Apr;60(4):1321-6 [3084448] Invest Radiol. 1986 Nov;21(11):843-6 [3781788] Exp Lung Res. 1987;12(1):57-74 [3816705] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1987 Jan;8(1):39-50 [3556821] Magn Reson Med. 1987 Apr;4(4):351-65 [3586982] Am J Pathol. 1987 Jul;128(1):29-44 [3605312] Lung. 1987;165(5):283-95 [3116353] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1987 Dec;136(6):1350-4 [3688637] Toxicol Ind Health. 1987 Dec;3(4):507-17 [3433287] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1988 Feb;137(2):313-20 [3341625] Invest Radiol. 1987 Dec;22(12):965-8 [3440731] Exp Lung Res. 1988;14(2):225-45 [3371276] J Appl Physiol (1985). 1988 Feb;64(2):605-10 [3372418] Arch Environ Health. 1988 May-Jun;43(3):228-33 [3382247] Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1988 Jul;49(7):357-66 [3407594] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1988 May;137(5):1124-8 [2461669] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1988 Aug;138(2):406-12 [3195836] Arch Environ Health. 1974 OCT;29(4):203-10 [4414998] Lab Invest. 1977 Jan;36(1):82-90 [401528] Exp Mol Pathol. 1977 Jun;26(3):384-400 [405246] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1981 May;123(5):496-9 [7235372] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1983 Jan;127(1):51-5 [6849550] J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1983 Mar;54(3):640-6 [6841209] Radiology. 1983 Jun;147(3):761-4 [6844611] Radiology. 1983 Jul;148(1):167-72 [6856828] Radiology. 1983 Jul;148(1):177-81 [6856831] J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1983 May;54(5):1345-52 [6863094] J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1983 Sep;55(3):770-6 [6629913] J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1983 Sep;55(3):777-84 [6629914] Radiology. 1984 Jan;150(1):149-51 [6689754] Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 1991 Jan;4(1):72-81 [1846079] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1991 Jul;144(1):23-30 [2064132] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1988 Jul;138(1):140-4 [3202393] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1988 Oct;138(4):821-8 [3202456] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1989 Feb;139(2):407-15 [2913889] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1990 Jul;142(1):152-6 [2368963] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Dec;101 Suppl 4:49-57 [8206042] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Utility of controlled human exposure studies for assessing the health effects of complex mixtures and indoor air pollutants. AN - 76279090; 8206031 AB - The study of health effects induced by exposure to mixtures of pollutants is a complex task. The purpose of this paper is to identify areas of research in which the conduct of human controlled exposure (clinical) studies may contribute to better understanding health effects of exposure to indoor air and other mixtures. The strengths and weaknesses of clinical studies in general are reviewed, as well as examples from the literature of approaches that have been used. Human chamber studies play an important role alongside epidemiologic and animal toxicologic studies in such research. Human chamber studies are limited with regard to assessing chronic effects, rare effects, or effects from long-duration exposures but are powerful in assessing acute, reversible effects from short-duration exposures in humans. The areas in which human chamber studies are most likely to contribute include identification of effects or markers of effects for exposure to a given pollutant or mix of pollutants; direct dose-response assessment of effects for individual compounds and mixtures of set composition; identification of individual compounds responsible for the effects of a mixture; study of the joint effects of a binary mixture; development of markers of acute exposure for particular compounds; development of outcome measurements to be used in the field; and identification, characterization, and testing of sensitive subpopulations. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - McDonnell, W F AD - Clinical Research Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1993/12// PY - 1993 DA - December 1993 SP - 199 EP - 203 VL - 101 Suppl 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- adverse effects KW - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Atmosphere Exposure Chambers KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76279090?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Utility+of+controlled+human+exposure+studies+for+assessing+the+health+effects+of+complex+mixtures+and+indoor+air+pollutants.&rft.au=McDonnell%2C+W+F&rft.aulast=McDonnell&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101+Suppl+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-07-14 N1 - Date created - 1994-07-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Arch Environ Health. 1983 Mar-Apr;38(2):104-15 [6847251] Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1981 Jul;42(7):534-41 [7246428] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1984 Dec;130(6):1033-7 [6508000] J Appl Physiol (1985). 1985 Jun;58(6):1783-7 [4008400] Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1987 Feb;48(2):94-8 [3565273] JAPCA. 1988 Mar;38(3):264-8 [3379453] Toxicol Ind Health. 1988 Dec;4(4):521-32 [3188048] J Air Waste Manage Assoc. 1990 Apr;40(4):487-92 [2340148] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1990 Nov-Dec;12(6):649-52 [2255309] Arch Environ Health. 1975 Aug;30(8):379-84 [1155969] Arch Environ Health. 1975 Aug;30(8):385-90 [1155970] Nature. 1975 Sep 4;257(5521):50-1 [1161004] Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1982 Jan;43(1):26-30 [7055082] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1982 Dec;126(6):996-1000 [7181239] Arch Environ Health. 1975 Aug;30(8):373-8 [1164043] Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1977 Dec;38(12):696-706 [930820] Arch Environ Health. 1992 Jan-Feb;47(1):39-44 [1540001] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Dec;101 Suppl 4:155-65 [7515806] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Dec;101 Suppl 4:59-66 [8206043] Arch Environ Health. 1979 Jul-Aug;34(4):233-9 [475465] Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1981 Jan;42(1):61-9 [7223637] J Air Pollut Control Assoc. 1984 Aug;34(8):804-9 [6481003] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of ground-water quality in South Platte River alluvial aquifer from Chatfield Reservoir to Brighton, Colorado AN - 52806652; 1996-068430 JF - Information Series - Colorado Water Resources Research Institute AU - Wireman, Mike AU - Jensen, Kris AU - Selle, Tony AU - Monson, Bill A2 - Klein, Kathleen C. A2 - Williams, David J. Y1 - 1993/12// PY - 1993 DA - December 1993 SP - 41 PB - Colorado State University, Environmental Resources Center, Fort Collins, CO SN - 0198-8735, 0198-8735 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - pollutants KW - water management KW - pollution KW - Adams County Colorado KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - South Platte River KW - Brighton Colorado KW - risk assessment KW - Chatfield Reservoir KW - Colorado KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52806652?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Information+Series+-+Colorado+Water+Resources+Research+Institute&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+ground-water+quality+in+South+Platte+River+alluvial+aquifer+from+Chatfield+Reservoir+to+Brighton%2C+Colorado&rft.au=Wireman%2C+Mike%3BJensen%2C+Kris%3BSelle%2C+Tony%3BMonson%2C+Bill&rft.aulast=Wireman&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Information+Series+-+Colorado+Water+Resources+Research+Institute&rft.issn=01988735&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://cwrri.colostate.edu/publications.asp?pubs=is LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Seeking an integrated approach to watershed management in the South Platte Basin; 1993 South Platte forum N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adams County Colorado; aquifers; Brighton Colorado; Chatfield Reservoir; Colorado; ground water; pollutants; pollution; risk assessment; South Platte River; United States; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A seasonal study of arsenic in groundwater, Snohomish County, Washington, USA AN - 51049271; 1997-060375 JF - Environmental Geochemistry and Health AU - Frost, F AU - Frank, D AU - Pierson, K AU - Woodruff, L AU - Raasina, B AU - Davis, R AU - Davies, J Y1 - 1993/12// PY - 1993 DA - December 1993 SP - 209 EP - 214 PB - Science and Technology Letters, Kew VL - 15 IS - 4 SN - 0269-4042, 0269-4042 KW - United States KW - toxic materials KW - Washington KW - Snohomish County Washington KW - pollutants KW - metals KW - Granite Falls KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - seasonal variations KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51049271?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geochemistry+and+Health&rft.atitle=A+seasonal+study+of+arsenic+in+groundwater%2C+Snohomish+County%2C+Washington%2C+USA&rft.au=Frost%2C+F%3BFrank%2C+D%3BPierson%2C+K%3BWoodruff%2C+L%3BRaasina%2C+B%3BDavis%2C+R%3BDavies%2C+J&rft.aulast=Frost&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geochemistry+and+Health&rft.issn=02694042&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100162/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; Granite Falls; ground water; metals; pollutants; pollution; seasonal variations; Snohomish County Washington; toxic materials; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Paragenesis and reservoir quality within a shallow combination trap; central West Virginia AN - 50324800; 1993-035496 JF - AAPG Bulletin AU - Bell, Douglas A AU - Siegrist, H G, Jr AU - Buurman, J D Y1 - 1993/12// PY - 1993 DA - December 1993 SP - 2077 EP - 2091 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK VL - 77 IS - 12 SN - 0149-1423, 0149-1423 KW - wells KW - United States KW - silicates KW - Mississippian KW - petroleum engineering KW - Granny Creek Field KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - Lower Mississippian KW - natural gas KW - stratigraphic traps KW - sandstone KW - petroleum KW - authigenic minerals KW - secondary porosity KW - production KW - oil and gas fields KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mineral composition KW - West Virginia KW - litharenite KW - Big Injun Sandstone KW - Paleozoic KW - overgrowths KW - Carboniferous KW - porosity KW - clay minerals KW - paragenesis KW - Roane County West Virginia KW - structural traps KW - Pocono Formation KW - arenite KW - diagenesis KW - traps KW - central West Virginia KW - sheet silicates KW - reservoir properties KW - Clay County West Virginia KW - clastic rocks KW - SEM data KW - permeability KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50324800?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AAPG+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Paragenesis+and+reservoir+quality+within+a+shallow+combination+trap%3B+central+West+Virginia&rft.au=Bell%2C+Douglas+A%3BSiegrist%2C+H+G%2C+Jr%3BBuurman%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Bell&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2077&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AAPG+Bulletin&rft.issn=01491423&rft_id=info:doi/10.1306%2FBDFF8FE2-1718-11D7-8645000102C1865D L2 - http://aapgbull.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AABUD2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arenite; authigenic minerals; Big Injun Sandstone; Carboniferous; central West Virginia; clastic rocks; Clay County West Virginia; clay minerals; diagenesis; Granny Creek Field; litharenite; Lower Mississippian; mineral composition; Mississippian; natural gas; oil and gas fields; overgrowths; Paleozoic; paragenesis; permeability; petroleum; petroleum engineering; Pocono Formation; porosity; production; reservoir properties; Roane County West Virginia; sandstone; secondary porosity; sedimentary rocks; SEM data; sheet silicates; silicates; stratigraphic traps; structural traps; traps; United States; wells; West Virginia; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/BDFF8FE2-1718-11D7-8645000102C1865D ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The rock fracture hammer for indexing the impact strength of rocks in mechanical excavation AN - 50197872; 1995-002436 JF - International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts AU - Inyang, H I AU - Pitt, J M A2 - Haimson, B. C. Y1 - 1993/12// PY - 1993 DA - December 1993 SP - 707 EP - 710 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York VL - 30 IS - 7 SN - 0148-9062, 0148-9062 KW - discontinuities KW - strength KW - rock fracture hammers KW - simulation KW - excavations KW - instruments KW - rock mechanics KW - measurement KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50197872?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%26+Geomechanics+Abstracts&rft.atitle=The+rock+fracture+hammer+for+indexing+the+impact+strength+of+rocks+in+mechanical+excavation&rft.au=Inyang%2C+H+I%3BPitt%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Inyang&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=707&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%26+Geomechanics+Abstracts&rft.issn=01489062&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 34th U. S. symposium on Rock mechanics N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IJRMA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - discontinuities; excavations; instruments; measurement; rock fracture hammers; rock mechanics; simulation; strength ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Public health and responsible environmental stewardship: some opportunities for leadership by physicians. AN - 85203216; pmid-8247557 JF - Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery AU - Raub, W F AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460. PY - 1993 SP - 808 EP - 810 VL - 109 IS - 5 SN - 0194-5998, 0194-5998 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - Molecular Biology KW - Human KW - Public Health KW - Environmental Health KW - Physician's Role KW - Leadership UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85203216?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Otolaryngology--Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.atitle=Public+health+and+responsible+environmental+stewardship%3A+some+opportunities+for+leadership+by+physicians.&rft.au=Raub%2C+W+F&rft.aulast=Raub&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1993-11-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=808&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Otolaryngology--Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.issn=01945998&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of Escherichia coli by the nutrient agar plus 4-methylumbelliferyl beta-D-glucuronide (MUG) membrane filter method. AN - 76215504; 8306208 AB - A two-step membrane filter procedure was evaluated to determine the ability to differentiate Escherichia coli from other coliform bacteria recovered from water. M-Endo LES agar incubated at 35 degrees C for 24 +/- 2 h was used as the initial isolation medium. Membranes containing coliform colonies were transferred to nutrient agar plus 4-methylumbelliferyl beta-D-glucuronide (MUG) and incubated for an additional 4 h at 35 degrees C. Escherichia coli colonies were distinguished by fluorescence when viewed under a long-wavelength ultraviolet light. A total of 119 MUG-positive colonies were isolated from 15 water sources, of which 115 (96.6%) were identified as E. coli. An examination of 182 pure culture environmental E. coli isolates revealed that 167 isolates (91.8%) exhibited fluorescence on the nutrient agar plus MUG medium. Survivors of E. coli cultures exposed to chlorination were also capable of producing a positive MUG reaction. JF - Canadian journal of microbiology AU - Shadix, L C AU - Dunnigan, M E AU - Rice, E W AD - Technical Support Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268. Y1 - 1993/11// PY - 1993 DA - November 1993 SP - 1066 EP - 1070 VL - 39 IS - 11 SN - 0008-4166, 0008-4166 KW - Culture Media KW - 0 KW - Hymecromone KW - 3T5NG4Q468 KW - Chlorine KW - 4R7X1O2820 KW - 4-methylumbelliferyl glucuronide KW - 6160-80-1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Micropore Filters KW - Disinfection KW - Hymecromone -- metabolism KW - Fluorescence KW - Hymecromone -- analogs & derivatives KW - Fresh Water KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Enterobacteriaceae -- classification KW - Escherichia coli -- classification KW - Enterobacteriaceae -- growth & development KW - Escherichia coli -- growth & development KW - Bacterial Typing Techniques KW - Water Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76215504?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+journal+of+microbiology&rft.atitle=Detection+of+Escherichia+coli+by+the+nutrient+agar+plus+4-methylumbelliferyl+beta-D-glucuronide+%28MUG%29+membrane+filter+method.&rft.au=Shadix%2C+L+C%3BDunnigan%2C+M+E%3BRice%2C+E+W&rft.aulast=Shadix&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1993-11-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1066&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+journal+of+microbiology&rft.issn=00084166&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-03-11 N1 - Date created - 1994-03-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coordination of environmental specimen banking in the Nordic countries, its mission and strategy. AN - 76127714; 8272842 AB - Under the authority of the Nordic Council of Ministers and their Working Group for Environmental Monitoring, a project for coordination of environmental specimen banking in the Nordic countries started in 1991. The project covers the established and planned central environmental specimen banks in Sweden, Norway, Denmark and Finland. The aim of the project is to coordinate and harmonize procedures and methods used in specimen banking such as, collection of material, transport, preparation and storage. In order to increase the possibilities for future international cooperation in monitoring and ecotoxicological scientific work, the Project Group will form the strategy for the continuing work in the Nordic countries. The Project Group will propose adaptation to commonly utilized methods for morphometric measurements of specimens and collection of some common species for future monitoring. The national responsibility for specimen banking in an international perspective will be emphasized. JF - The Science of the total environment AU - Giege, B AU - Odsjö, T AD - Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Research Department, Solna. Y1 - 1993/11/01/ PY - 1993 DA - 1993 Nov 01 SP - 37 EP - 47 VL - 139-140 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Index Medicus KW - Finland KW - Humans KW - Toxicology -- methods KW - Denmark KW - Norway KW - Sweden KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Specimen Handling KW - Tissue Banks -- organization & administration KW - Environmental Pollution -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76127714?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Science+of+the+total+environment&rft.atitle=Coordination+of+environmental+specimen+banking+in+the+Nordic+countries%2C+its+mission+and+strategy.&rft.au=Giege%2C+B%3BOdsj%C3%B6%2C+T&rft.aulast=Giege&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1993-11-01&rft.volume=139-140&rft.issue=&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Science+of+the+total+environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-02-03 N1 - Date created - 1994-02-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative effects of two polychlorinated biphenyl congeners on calcium homeostasis in rat cerebellar granule cells. AN - 76060389; 8236268 AB - Some polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been reported to alter locomotor activity and decrease brain dopamine function in laboratory animals. PCBs with ortho- and/or parachlorine substitutions and varying number of chlorinations are known to decrease cell dopamine content in vitro and have been detected in brains of animals exposed to PCBs, suggesting that the neurotoxicity could be mediated by ortho-substituted congeners. Dopamine or other neurotransmitter uptake and release phenomena are dependent on the maintenance of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, and perturbations in Ca2+ homeostasis could lead to altered cell function and/or death. We compared the effects of two PCB congeners on Ca2+ homeostasis in cerebellar granule cells: 2,2'-dichlorobiphenyl (DCBP), a putative neurotoxic congener, and 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCBP), a presumed nonneurotoxic congener. In cerebellar granule cells (6-8 days in vitro), DCBP was cytotoxic as indicated by a significant increase in LDH leakage at 200 microM after 2 hr of exposure and at 100 microM after 4 hr exposure. PCBP, on the other hand, did not affect LDH leakage even at 200 microM for up to 4 hr. Although both congeners increased cerebellar granule cell [Ca2+]i, DCPB was more effective in increasing [Ca2+]i to a greater extent than PCBP. The increase in [Ca2+]i produced by both congeners was not transient, but a steady rise was observed with time. To understand cellular Ca(2+)-buffering capacity, Ca2+ sequestration and Ca2+ extrusion were studied in mitochondria, microsomes, and synaptosomes, isolated from adult rat cerebellum. DCBP was a potent inhibitor of 45Ca2+ uptake by mitochondria (IC50 = 6.17 +/- 0.53 microM) and microsomes (IC50 = 7.61 +/- 0.35 microM). PCBP inhibited Ca2+ sequestration by mitochondria (68% of control) and microsomes (72% of control), but the effects were much less than those produced by equivalent concentrations of DCBP. Synaptosomal Ca(2+)-ATPase was inhibited by DCBP, but not by PCBP. These results indicate that at concentrations where cytotoxicity in cerebellar granule cells was not observed, DCBP increased intracellular [Ca2+]i, and at the same concentrations, Ca2+ sequestration by intracellular organelles and Ca(2+)-ATPase in synaptic plasma membrane were inhibited. Although PCBP increased [Ca2+]i in cerebellar granule cells to some extent, it was not potent in affecting Ca2+ sequestration or Ca2+ extrusion in adult cerebellar components. Hence, PCBP-induced slight increase of [Ca2+]i levels in the cells might have been associated with effective Ca2+ sequestration by intracellular organelles, as seen in cerebellar preparations. The results of this study support the hypothesis that the position of chlorine substitution on the biphenyl ring and/or number of chlorine substitutions may have significant implications for predicting potential effects of PCB congeners in the nervous system, and perturbations in Ca2+ homeostasis might play a significant role in the neuroactivity of PCBs. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Kodavanti, P R AU - Shin, D S AU - Tilson, H A AU - Harry, G J AD - Cellular and Molecular Toxicology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1993/11// PY - 1993 DA - November 1993 SP - 97 EP - 106 VL - 123 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - 2,2'-dichlorobiphenyl KW - 1433W7U14D KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - 3,4,5,3',4'-pentachlorobiphenyl KW - TSH69IA9XF KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Microsomes -- metabolism KW - Mitochondria -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- toxicity KW - Cerebellum -- drug effects KW - Cerebellum -- pathology KW - Homeostasis -- drug effects KW - Cerebellum -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76060389?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Comparative+effects+of+two+polychlorinated+biphenyl+congeners+on+calcium+homeostasis+in+rat+cerebellar+granule+cells.&rft.au=Kodavanti%2C+P+R%3BShin%2C+D+S%3BTilson%2C+H+A%3BHarry%2C+G+J&rft.aulast=Kodavanti&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1993-11-01&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-12-09 N1 - Date created - 1993-12-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil sampling consideration for different population distributions AN - 52827785; 1996-047654 JF - Agronomy Abstracts AU - Wolf, J K AU - Hetrick, J A AU - Jones, R D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1993/11// PY - 1993 DA - November 1993 SP - 53 PB - American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI VL - 85 SN - 0375-5495, 0375-5495 KW - soils KW - sampling KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52827785?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Soil+sampling+consideration+for+different+population+distributions&rft.au=Wolf%2C+J+K%3BHetrick%2C+J+A%3BJones%2C+R+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wolf&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-11-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.issn=03755495&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America and Soil Science Society of America; 1993 annual meetings N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AGABBE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Monte Carlo analysis; pollution; sampling; soils; statistical analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of variable and uncertain data to estimate risk functions for environmental pesticide concentrations AN - 52827594; 1996-047611 JF - Agronomy Abstracts AU - Parker, R D AU - Nelson, H P AU - Jones, R D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1993/11// PY - 1993 DA - November 1993 SP - 303 PB - American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI VL - 85 SN - 0375-5495, 0375-5495 KW - solute transport KW - concentration KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - agriculture KW - prediction KW - models KW - toxicity KW - factors KW - time factor KW - mathematical methods KW - risk assessment KW - pesticides KW - accuracy KW - climate KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52827594?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Use+of+variable+and+uncertain+data+to+estimate+risk+functions+for+environmental+pesticide+concentrations&rft.au=Parker%2C+R+D%3BNelson%2C+H+P%3BJones%2C+R+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Parker&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-11-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=&rft.spage=303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.issn=03755495&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America and Soil Science Society of America; 1993 annual meetings N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AGABBE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; agriculture; climate; concentration; factors; mathematical methods; models; pesticides; pollutants; prediction; risk assessment; solute transport; surface water; time factor; toxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of aqueous Al, Cd, Cu, Fe(II), Ni, and Zn on Pb AN - 52826688; 1996-047519 JF - Agronomy Abstracts AU - Ma, Q Y AU - Traina, S J AU - Logan, T J AU - Ryan, J A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1993/11// PY - 1993 DA - November 1993 SP - 40 PB - American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI VL - 85 SN - 0375-5495, 0375-5495 KW - soils KW - apatite KW - zinc KW - experimental studies KW - hydroxylapatite KW - copper KW - pollutants KW - lead KW - effects KW - phosphates KW - aqueous solutions KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ferrous iron KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - aluminum KW - nickel KW - cadmium KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52826688?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Effects+of+aqueous+Al%2C+Cd%2C+Cu%2C+Fe%28II%29%2C+Ni%2C+and+Zn+on+Pb&rft.au=Ma%2C+Q+Y%3BTraina%2C+S+J%3BLogan%2C+T+J%3BRyan%2C+J+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ma&rft.aufirst=Q&rft.date=1993-11-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=&rft.spage=40&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.issn=03755495&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America and Soil Science Society of America; 1993 annual meetings N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AGABBE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aluminum; apatite; aqueous solutions; cadmium; chemical reactions; copper; effects; experimental studies; ferrous iron; hydroxylapatite; iron; lead; metals; nickel; phosphates; pollutants; remediation; soils; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Science of contaminated soil remediation; chemical approaches AN - 52826664; 1996-047518 JF - Agronomy Abstracts AU - Logan, T J AU - Traina, S J AU - Ryan, J A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1993/11// PY - 1993 DA - November 1993 SP - 39 PB - American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI VL - 85 SN - 0375-5495, 0375-5495 KW - soils KW - methods KW - pollutants KW - reclamation KW - cost KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - inorganic materials KW - case studies KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - pesticides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52826664?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Science+of+contaminated+soil+remediation%3B+chemical+approaches&rft.au=Logan%2C+T+J%3BTraina%2C+S+J%3BRyan%2C+J+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Logan&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1993-11-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.issn=03755495&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America and Soil Science Society of America; 1993 annual meetings N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AGABBE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - case studies; cost; hydrocarbons; inorganic materials; methods; organic compounds; pesticides; pollutants; radioactive waste; reclamation; remediation; risk assessment; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of impedance tomography to monitor non-aqueous phase liquid movement; the forward problem AN - 52826156; 1996-047685 JF - Agronomy Abstracts AU - Enfield, C G AU - Short, T E AU - Miller, C L AU - Sudicky, E A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1993/11// PY - 1993 DA - November 1993 SP - 204 PB - American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI VL - 85 SN - 0375-5495, 0375-5495 KW - tomography KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - electrical properties KW - monitoring KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollutants KW - resistivity KW - fluid dynamics KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - physical properties KW - impedance KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52826156?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Use+of+impedance+tomography+to+monitor+non-aqueous+phase+liquid+movement%3B+the+forward+problem&rft.au=Enfield%2C+C+G%3BShort%2C+T+E%3BMiller%2C+C+L%3BSudicky%2C+E+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Enfield&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1993-11-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=&rft.spage=204&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.issn=03755495&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America and Soil Science Society of America; 1993 annual meetings N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AGABBE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - electrical properties; fluid dynamics; impedance; models; monitoring; nonaqueous phase liquids; physical properties; pollutants; resistivity; soils; solute transport; three-dimensional models; tomography ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Capillary pressure and flow properties of a hydrocarbon oil AN - 52826100; 1996-047681 JF - Agronomy Abstracts AU - Davis, E L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1993/11// PY - 1993 DA - November 1993 SP - 204 PB - American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI VL - 85 SN - 0375-5495, 0375-5495 KW - soils KW - pressure KW - capillary pressure KW - pollutants KW - porous materials KW - fluid dynamics KW - temperature KW - organic compounds KW - saturation KW - immiscibility KW - hydrocarbons KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52826100?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Capillary+pressure+and+flow+properties+of+a+hydrocarbon+oil&rft.au=Davis%2C+E+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1993-11-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=&rft.spage=204&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.issn=03755495&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America and Soil Science Society of America; 1993 annual meetings N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AGABBE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - capillary pressure; fluid dynamics; hydrocarbons; immiscibility; organic compounds; permeability; pollutants; porous materials; pressure; saturation; soils; temperature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dissipation of herbicides in surface and subsurface soils AN - 52824578; 1996-047515 JF - Agronomy Abstracts AU - Lavy, T L AU - Mattice, J D AU - Massey, J H AU - Skulman, B W AU - Senseman, S A AU - Barrett, M R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1993/11// PY - 1993 DA - November 1993 SP - 38 PB - American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI VL - 85 SN - 0375-5495, 0375-5495 KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - herbicides KW - depth KW - triazines KW - organic compounds KW - atrazine KW - time factor KW - pesticides KW - leaching KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52824578?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Dissipation+of+herbicides+in+surface+and+subsurface+soils&rft.au=Lavy%2C+T+L%3BMattice%2C+J+D%3BMassey%2C+J+H%3BSkulman%2C+B+W%3BSenseman%2C+S+A%3BBarrett%2C+M+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lavy&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1993-11-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=&rft.spage=38&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.issn=03755495&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America and Soil Science Society of America; 1993 annual meetings N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AGABBE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atrazine; degradation; depth; experimental studies; herbicides; leaching; organic compounds; pesticides; pollutants; soils; time factor; triazines ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The use of fungi to treat organic pollutants contaminating soil AN - 52822263; 1996-047863 JF - Agronomy Abstracts AU - Glaser, J A AU - Lamar, R T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1993/11// PY - 1993 DA - November 1993 SP - 248 PB - American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI VL - 85 SN - 0375-5495, 0375-5495 KW - thallophytes KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - methods KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - biomass KW - pollutants KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - fungi KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52822263?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.atitle=The+use+of+fungi+to+treat+organic+pollutants+contaminating+soil&rft.au=Glaser%2C+J+A%3BLamar%2C+R+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Glaser&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-11-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=&rft.spage=248&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.issn=03755495&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America and Soil Science Society of America; 1993 annual meetings N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AGABBE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biodegradation; biomass; bioremediation; fungi; methods; organic compounds; organic materials; Plantae; pollutants; remediation; soils; thallophytes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scanning tunneling and atomic force microscopy of model and natural humic substances AN - 52821827; 1996-047808 JF - Agronomy Abstracts AU - Kamermans, H AU - Bailey, G W AU - Yu, Y S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1993/11// PY - 1993 DA - November 1993 SP - 228 PB - American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI VL - 85 SN - 0375-5495, 0375-5495 KW - silicates KW - scanning tunneling microscopy KW - natural materials KW - muscovite KW - ecosystems KW - humic acids KW - ground water KW - chemical reactions KW - mica group KW - mobility KW - pH KW - heavy metals KW - organic materials KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - atomic force microscopy KW - native elements KW - graphite KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - humic substances KW - precipitation KW - sheet silicates KW - fulvic acids KW - electron microscopy KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52821827?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Scanning+tunneling+and+atomic+force+microscopy+of+model+and+natural+humic+substances&rft.au=Kamermans%2C+H%3BBailey%2C+G+W%3BYu%2C+Y+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kamermans&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1993-11-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=&rft.spage=228&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.issn=03755495&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America and Soil Science Society of America; 1993 annual meetings N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AGABBE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atomic force microscopy; chemical reactions; ecosystems; electron microscopy; fulvic acids; graphite; ground water; heavy metals; humic acids; humic substances; mica group; mobility; muscovite; native elements; natural materials; organic acids; organic compounds; organic materials; pH; pollutants; precipitation; scanning tunneling microscopy; sheet silicates; silicates; surface water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physical/engineering approaches to reclamation of contaminated soils AN - 52819508; 1996-047489 JF - Agronomy Abstracts AU - dePercin, P R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1993/11// PY - 1993 DA - November 1993 SP - 29 PB - American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI VL - 85 SN - 0375-5495, 0375-5495 KW - solid phase KW - soils KW - methods KW - programs KW - physical properties KW - engineering properties KW - pollutants KW - reclamation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52819508?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Physical%2Fengineering+approaches+to+reclamation+of+contaminated+soils&rft.au=dePercin%2C+P+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=dePercin&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1993-11-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.issn=03755495&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America and Soil Science Society of America; 1993 annual meetings N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AGABBE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - engineering properties; methods; physical properties; pollutants; programs; reclamation; soils; solid phase ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental applications of scanning probe microscopy AN - 50330009; 1996-047785 JF - Agronomy Abstracts AU - Bailey, G W AU - Yu, Y S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1993/11// PY - 1993 DA - November 1993 SP - 221 PB - American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI VL - 85 SN - 0375-5495, 0375-5495 KW - soils KW - silicates KW - organic materials KW - methods KW - biodegradation KW - pollutants KW - biochemistry KW - landforms KW - humic acids KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - humic substances KW - chemical reactions KW - time factor KW - metals KW - sheet silicates KW - scanning probe microscopy KW - reduction KW - SEM data KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50330009?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Environmental+applications+of+scanning+probe+microscopy&rft.au=Bailey%2C+G+W%3BYu%2C+Y+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bailey&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1993-11-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.issn=03755495&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America and Soil Science Society of America; 1993 annual meetings N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AGABBE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; biodegradation; chemical reactions; humic acids; humic substances; landforms; metals; methods; organic acids; organic compounds; organic materials; pollutants; reduction; scanning probe microscopy; SEM data; sheet silicates; silicates; soils; time factor ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field evaluation of the lignin-degrading fungus Phanerochaete sordida to treat creosote-contaminated soil AN - 50149145; 1995-034262 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Davis, Mark W AU - Glaser, John A AU - Evans, James W AU - Lamar, Richard T Y1 - 1993/11// PY - 1993 DA - November 1993 SP - 2572 EP - 2576 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 27 IS - 12 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - thallophytes KW - Phanerochaete chrysosporium KW - creosote KW - Phanerochaete sordida KW - chlorophenols KW - remediation KW - phenanthrene KW - fungi KW - chemical composition KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - pentachlorophenol KW - bioremediation KW - solid phase KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - Trametes hirsuta KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50149145?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Field+evaluation+of+the+lignin-degrading+fungus+Phanerochaete+sordida+to+treat+creosote-contaminated+soil&rft.au=Davis%2C+Mark+W%3BGlaser%2C+John+A%3BEvans%2C+James+W%3BLamar%2C+Richard+T&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=1993-11-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2572&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; biodegradation; bioremediation; chemical composition; chlorophenols; creosote; experimental studies; fungi; hydrocarbons; organic compounds; pentachlorophenol; Phanerochaete chrysosporium; Phanerochaete sordida; phenanthrene; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; remediation; soil treatment; soils; solid phase; statistical analysis; thallophytes; Trametes hirsuta ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solid-phase treatment of a pentachlorophenol-contaminated soil using lignin-degrading fungi AN - 50144757; 1995-034261 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Lamar, Richard T AU - Evans, James W AU - Glaser, John A Y1 - 1993/11// PY - 1993 DA - November 1993 SP - 2566 EP - 2671 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 27 IS - 12 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - thallophytes KW - Phanerochaete chrysosporium KW - creosote KW - Phanerochaete sordida KW - chlorophenols KW - remediation KW - fungi KW - chemical composition KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - pentachlorophenol KW - bioremediation KW - solid phase KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - Trametes hirsuta KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50144757?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Solid-phase+treatment+of+a+pentachlorophenol-contaminated+soil+using+lignin-degrading+fungi&rft.au=Lamar%2C+Richard+T%3BEvans%2C+James+W%3BGlaser%2C+John+A&rft.aulast=Lamar&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1993-11-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2566&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; biodegradation; bioremediation; chemical composition; chlorophenols; creosote; experimental studies; fungi; hydrocarbons; organic compounds; pentachlorophenol; Phanerochaete chrysosporium; Phanerochaete sordida; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; remediation; soil treatment; soils; solid phase; statistical analysis; thallophytes; Trametes hirsuta ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Morphological transformation of C3H10T1/2CL8 cells by cyclopenta-fused derivatives of benzo[a]pyrene and benzo[e]pyrene. AN - 76173248; 8287368 AB - Cyclopenta-fused homologs of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) have proven to be more genotoxic and tumorigenic than their parent PAHs. In an effort to uncover their mechanisms of metabolic activation, the morphological transforming activities of dibenzo[k,mno]acephenanthrylene (CP(3,4)B[a]P), dibenzo[j,mno]acephenanthrylene (CP(1,12)B[a]P) and naphtho[1,2,3,4-mno]acephenanthrylene (CPB[e]P) were studied in C3H10T1/2CL8 mouse embryo fibroblasts. CP(3,4)B[a]P, a PAH with a blocked K region and unblocked bay region, was highly active inducing an average of 1.1 Type II and III foci/dish at 5 micrograms/ml with an average of 67% of the dishes containing foci. This activity was similar to that of benzo[a]pyrene. CP(1,12)B[a]P and CPB[e]P were inactive. The relative positions of the cyclopenta-ring and bay region may play an essential role in the metabolic activation of these PAHs and their biological activities. JF - Cancer letters AU - Nesnow, S AU - Beck, S AU - Ball, L M AU - Sangaiah, R AU - Gold, A AD - Carcinogenesis and Metabolism Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1993/10/15/ PY - 1993 DA - 1993 Oct 15 SP - 25 EP - 30 VL - 74 IS - 1-2 SN - 0304-3835, 0304-3835 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Benzopyrenes KW - Mutagens KW - Polycyclic Compounds KW - naphtho(1,2,3-mno)acephenanthrylene KW - 113779-16-1 KW - dibenzo(k,mno)acephenanthrylene KW - 153043-81-3 KW - dibenzo(j,mno)acephenanthrylene KW - 153043-82-4 KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - 3417WMA06D KW - Methylcholanthrene KW - 56-49-5 KW - benzo(e)pyrene KW - 63APT6398R KW - benz(j)aceanthrylene KW - 844QXH8PK1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Air Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Benzo(a)pyrene -- analogs & derivatives KW - Air Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Methylcholanthrene -- metabolism KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Methylcholanthrene -- analogs & derivatives KW - Biotransformation KW - Methylcholanthrene -- toxicity KW - Benzo(a)pyrene -- toxicity KW - Mice, Inbred C3H KW - Cell Line, Transformed KW - Benzo(a)pyrene -- metabolism KW - Fibroblasts -- drug effects KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- metabolism KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Benzopyrenes -- toxicity KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- metabolism KW - Benzopyrenes -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76173248?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+letters&rft.atitle=Morphological+transformation+of+C3H10T1%2F2CL8+cells+by+cyclopenta-fused+derivatives+of+benzo%5Ba%5Dpyrene+and+benzo%5Be%5Dpyrene.&rft.au=Nesnow%2C+S%3BBeck%2C+S%3BBall%2C+L+M%3BSangaiah%2C+R%3BGold%2C+A&rft.aulast=Nesnow&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1993-10-15&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+letters&rft.issn=03043835&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-02-24 N1 - Date created - 1994-02-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hazard identification: efficiency of short-term tests in identifying germ cell mutagens and putative nongenotoxic carcinogens. AN - 76265621; 8143649 AB - For more than a decade, mutagenicity tests have had a clearly defined role in the identification of potential human mutagens and an ancillary role in the identification of potential human carcinogens. The efficiency of short-term tests in identifying germ cell mutagens has been examined using a combined data set derived from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/International Agency for Research on Cancer Genetic Activity Profile (EPA/IARC GAP) and EPA Gene-Tox databases. Our review of these data indicates adequate sensitivity of batteries of in vitro short-term mutagenicity tests in identifying germ cell mutagens. The analysis also supports the inclusion of an in vivo assay as suggested in proposed regulatory testing guidelines. In the context of carcinogenicity testing, the ability of short-term bioassays to detect genotoxic or mutagenic carcinogens is well established. Such tests are not considered to be as sensitive to nongenotoxic or nonmutagenic carcinogens. However, analyses presented in this report using the EPA/IARC GAP database demonstrate that many putative nongenotoxic carcinogens that have been adequately tested in short-term genetic bioassays induce gene or chromosomal mutation or aneuploidy. Further investigation should reveal whether the mutagenicity of these agents plays an important mechanistic role in their carcinogenicity. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Waters, M D AU - Stack, H F AU - Jackson, M A AU - Bridges, B A AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1993/10// PY - 1993 DA - October 1993 SP - 61 EP - 72 VL - 101 Suppl 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - 0 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - Mutagens KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Micronucleus Tests KW - Mammals KW - Humans KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Time Factors KW - Mutagens -- analysis KW - Germ Cells -- drug effects KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- analysis KW - Hazardous Substances -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76265621?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Hazard+identification%3A+efficiency+of+short-term+tests+in+identifying+germ+cell+mutagens+and+putative+nongenotoxic+carcinogens.&rft.au=Waters%2C+M+D%3BStack%2C+H+F%3BJackson%2C+M+A%3BBridges%2C+B+A&rft.aulast=Waters&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101+Suppl+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-05-05 N1 - Date created - 1994-05-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Mutagenesis. 1986 Jan;1(1):3-16 [3325732] Mutat Res. 1988 Jan;204(1):17-115 [3277047] Mutat Res. 1988 Sep-Oct;209(1-2):91-4 [3173405] Mutat Res. 1988 Nov;206(3):379-85 [3200258] Mutat Res. 1989 May;212(1):55-66 [2725542] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1989 Jun 1;99(1):148-60 [2499080] Mutat Res. 1989 Jun;223(2):73-103 [2662004] Cell Biol Toxicol. 1989 Jun;5(2):115-27 [2766027] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Feb;87(4):1416-20 [2304907] Mutat Res. 1990 Jul;239(1):29-80 [2195332] Mutat Res. 1990 Sep;239(2):117-32 [2200957] Mutat Res. 1991 Feb;262(2):101-7 [2000095] Mutat Res. 1991 May;257(3):209-27 [2014033] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1991 Feb;16(2):233-48 [2055355] Nature. 1991 Jul 18;352(6332):185-6 [1857407] Mutat Res. 1991 Nov;258(3):259-83 [1719404] Mutat Res. 1977 May;43(2):231-46 [865493] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1980 Jan;52(1):113-52 [7361306] J Chem Inf Comput Sci. 1981 Feb;21(1):35-8 [7240352] Am J Pathol. 1984 Jan;114(1):171-83 [6691413] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1986 May;83(3):430-7 [3754661] Environ Health Perspect. 1986 Dec;70:211-9 [3104023] Mutat Res. 1987 Nov;186(3):177-200 [3313027] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1988;11(4):421-35 [3286245] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular analysis of mutations induced at the hisD3052 allele of Salmonella by single chemicals and complex mixtures. AN - 76264550; 8143618 AB - More single chemicals and complex environmental mixtures have been evaluated for mutagenicity at the hisD3052 allele of Salmonella, primarily in strain TA98, than in any other mutation assay. The development of colony probe hybridization procedures and the application of the polymerase chain reaction and direct DNA sequencing has permitted rapid molecular access to this allele. We discuss these techniques and the resulting mutation spectra that have been induced by a variety of environmental mutagens and complex mixtures. A common GC or CG deletion within a hot-spot region of the sequence dominates most of the spectra. In addition to this two-base deletion, we have recovered about 200 other types of mutations within the 72-base target for reversion of the hisD3052 allele. These include a variety of deletions (as large as 35 bases), duplications (as large as 46 bases), and complex mutations involving base substitutions. The quasipalindromic nature of the target sequence and its potential to form DNA secondary structures and slippage mismatches appear to be an important basis for the mutability of this allele. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - DeMarini, D M AU - Bell, D A AU - Levine, J G AU - Shelton, M L AU - Abu-Shakra, A AD - Genetic Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1993/10// PY - 1993 DA - October 1993 SP - 207 EP - 212 VL - 101 Suppl 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - hisD3052 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Index Medicus KW - Salmonella -- drug effects KW - Salmonella -- genetics KW - Alleles KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Mutation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76264550?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Molecular+analysis+of+mutations+induced+at+the+hisD3052+allele+of+Salmonella+by+single+chemicals+and+complex+mixtures.&rft.au=DeMarini%2C+D+M%3BBell%2C+D+A%3BLevine%2C+J+G%3BShelton%2C+M+L%3BAbu-Shakra%2C+A&rft.aulast=DeMarini&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101+Suppl+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-05-05 N1 - Date created - 1994-05-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Gene symbol - hisD3052 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1966;31:77-84 [5237214] Environ Health Perspect. 1992 Nov;98:227-34 [1486854] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974 May;71(5):1612-7 [4525453] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974 Oct;71(10):4159-63 [4610572] Mutat Res. 1983 Jan;114(1):59-89 [6219288] Mutat Res. 1983 May;113(3-4):173-215 [6341825] Environ Mutagen. 1985;7(6):901-11 [3905368] Environ Mutagen. 1986;8(4):631-41 [3525139] Science. 1987 Jan 9;235(4785):217-20 [3798109] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1988 May;10(4):571-89 [3294073] Mutat Res. 1988 Sep;201(1):241-51 [3138534] Prog Clin Biol Res. 1990;340D:367-77 [2196583] Mutat Res. 1991 Feb;252(1):35-44 [1996130] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Feb 15;88(4):1085-9 [1996309] Mutat Res. 1991 Mar;247(1):45-56 [2002804] Annu Rev Genet. 1990;24:189-213 [2088167] Science. 1991 Jul 5;253(5015):49-53 [1905840] Nucleic Acids Res. 1991 Sep 25;19(18):5079 [1923779] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1991;18(4):222-3 [1748081] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1991;18(4):224-30 [1748083] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1992;19(1):14-20 [1732101] Environ Health Perspect. 1991 Jun;93:145-8 [1773785] Annu Rev Genet. 1991;25:201-28 [1812806] Mutat Res. 1992 Aug;277(2):91-138 [1378533] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1992;20(1):12-8 [1639078] J Bacteriol. 1970 Feb;101(2):490-504 [4905310] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantification and molecular characterization of hprt mutants of human T-lymphocytes. AN - 76263654; 8143621 AB - Somatic mutations have been implicated as critical early events in carcinogenesis. Point mutations, deletions, and translocation events have been shown to activate oncogenes or inactivate suppressor oncogenes. In human population monitoring, quantitative analysis of mutation events that affect gene function is limited to those genes whose cellular phenotypes can be identified by selection procedures and to those tissues (like blood) that are accessible for analysis. In an effort to determine the frequency and types of mutations that can be detected at the hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) gene, we have used the T-cell cloning assay and have developed a strategy to propagate mutants and screen for point mutations and breakage events. Early in the clonal expansion of mutants, 1-2 x 10(4) cells are prepared as a crude cell lysate, and a sample is analyzed using the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Those mutants that yield altered DNA fragments are then expanded for Southern blot hybridization, PCR, flanking probe isolation, and DNA sequencing. To date we have found presumed point mutations, intragenic deletions, and deletions that extend outside of the hprt gene. By analyzing mutations in selectable, nonessential gene markers, it should be possible to understand mechanisms of both spontaneous and induced genetic damage. An association of these specific genetic events with human diseases and the evaluation of the ability of environmental chemicals to induce these specific types of mutations will lead to a rational basis for evaluating risks from various chemical exposures. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Moore, M M AU - Harrington-Brock, K AU - Zimmerman, L J AU - Burnette, L P AU - Smith, T W AU - Everson, R B AU - O'Neill, J P AU - Fuscoe, J C AD - Genetic Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1993/10// PY - 1993 DA - October 1993 SP - 219 EP - 224 VL - 101 Suppl 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - hprt KW - Index Medicus KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Chromosome Mapping KW - Gene Deletion KW - T-Lymphocytes -- physiology KW - Mutation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76263654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Quantification+and+molecular+characterization+of+hprt+mutants+of+human+T-lymphocytes.&rft.au=Moore%2C+M+M%3BHarrington-Brock%2C+K%3BZimmerman%2C+L+J%3BBurnette%2C+L+P%3BSmith%2C+T+W%3BEverson%2C+R+B%3BO%27Neill%2C+J+P%3BFuscoe%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101+Suppl+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=219&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-05-05 N1 - Date created - 1994-05-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Gene symbol - hprt N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Mutagenesis. 1987 Sep;2(5):341-7 [3325766] Mutat Res. 1992 Dec;283(4):255-62 [1383798] Mutagenesis. 1987 Mar;2(2):87-94 [3331707] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1989;13(4):289-93 [2786809] Mutagenesis. 1989 Sep;4(5):394-403 [2687635] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jan;87(1):51-5 [1967496] Mutat Res. 1990 Feb;240(2):135-42 [2300074] Mutat Res. 1990 Feb;240(2):143-9 [2153929] Genomics. 1990 Jun;7(2):235-44 [2347587] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1991;17(4):231-7 [2050130] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1991;18(1):6-13 [1713845] Am J Hum Genet. 1991 Aug;49(2):267-78 [1678246] Cancer Res. 1991 Nov 1;51(21):6001-5 [1933863] Cancer Res. 1991 Dec 15;51(24):6603-7 [1742733] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1991;18(4):274-6 [1748090] Mutat Res. 1992 Feb;265(2):165-71 [1370715] Mutat Res. 1988 Mar;204(3):493-507 [3258059] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative and temporal relationships between DNA adduct formation in target and surrogate tissues: implications for biomonitoring. AN - 76262172; 8143643 AB - DNA-carcinogen adducts offer a potential dosimeter for environmental genotoxicants reaching the exposed individual. Because the target tissues for many chemical carcinogens are not readily accessible for monitoring adducts in humans, peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) have served as surrogate sources of exposed DNA. Both benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF) are widely distributed in the environment as components of complex mixtures, such as automobile exhaust, cigarette smoke, foods, water, and urban air. Thus, human exposure to these chemicals is widespread, and they probably contribute to overall human lung cancer risk. The interpretation of the results of such studies would be enhanced by an understanding of the pharmacokinetics of specific DNA adduct formation and persistence in both target and surrogate tissues. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were administered to male Sprague-Dawley rats IP at 100 mg PAH/kg body weight. Lung, liver, and PBL tissues were harvested 1, 3, 7, 14, 28, and 56 days after treatment. DNA was extracted from each tissue and 32P-postlabeling analysis of DNA adducts with nuclease P1 enhancement was conducted. In all three tissues, BaP-DNA adducts exhibit a similar pattern, reaching a maximum at 3-4 days, followed by a decrease to 56 days. For BbF, the maximum DNA adduct levels in each tissue were between 5 and 14 days after injection. By 56 days after administration, the total adducts remaining in all tissues were measurable. Correlation analyses of the amount of DNA adducts in lung or liver compared to those found in the PBL of the same animals suggest a range of correlations (R2 = 0.67-0.83).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Nesnow, S AU - Ross, J AU - Nelson, G AU - Holden, K AU - Erexson, G AU - Kligerman, A AU - Gupta, R C AD - Carcinogenesis and Metabolism Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1993/10// PY - 1993 DA - October 1993 SP - 37 EP - 42 VL - 101 Suppl 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Fluorenes KW - 0 KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - 3417WMA06D KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - benzo(b)fluoranthene KW - FJO154KG1X KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Lymphocytes -- metabolism KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Benzo(a)pyrene -- chemistry KW - Lung -- metabolism KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Fluorenes -- chemistry KW - DNA -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76262172?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Quantitative+and+temporal+relationships+between+DNA+adduct+formation+in+target+and+surrogate+tissues%3A+implications+for+biomonitoring.&rft.au=Nesnow%2C+S%3BRoss%2C+J%3BNelson%2C+G%3BHolden%2C+K%3BErexson%2C+G%3BKligerman%2C+A%3BGupta%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Nesnow&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101+Suppl+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-05-05 N1 - Date created - 1994-05-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Carcinogenesis. 1980;1(11):945-50 [11219848] Blood. 1965 Sep;26:281-95 [14332056] Chem Biol Interact. 1980 Feb;29(2):159-67 [7353230] J Environ Pathol Toxicol. 1979 Jul-Aug;2(6):1475-85 [528852] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1981 Mar;66(3):559-64 [6970847] J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 1981;102(2):153-7 [7338532] Cancer Res. 1982 Nov;42(11):4779-83 [6290047] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1983 Aug;71(2):309-15 [6308321] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1983 Sep;71(3):539-44 [6577228] Cancer Res. 1985 Nov;45(11 Pt 2):5656-62 [4053037] Carcinogenesis. 1986 Sep;7(9):1543-51 [3017601] Carcinogenesis. 1987 Nov;8(11):1579-84 [3664950] Scand J Work Environ Health. 1990 Apr;16(2):135-43 [2353197] Cancer Res. 1990 Aug 15;50(16):5088-94 [2199033] Scand J Work Environ Health. 1990 Jun;16(3):158-62 [2382118] Radiat Res. 1990 Oct;124(1):22-7 [2236493] Skin Pharmacol. 1990;3(3):171-9 [2127679] Carcinogenesis. 1991 Mar;12(3):503-8 [2009595] Mutat Res. 1991 May;260(1):89-98 [2027345] Carcinogenesis. 1991 Sep;12(9):1647-50 [1893523] Carcinogenesis. 1991 Oct;12(10):1953-5 [1934277] Nucleic Acids Res. 1991 Nov 11;19(21):6053 [1945891] Science. 1965 Feb 12;147(3659):745 [14242022] Krebsarzt. 1964;19:268-72 [14251510] Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1964 Feb 28;113:887-97 [14120532] Cancer Res. 1978 Aug;38(8):2600-7 [667854] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicokinetics and structure-activity relationships of nine para-substituted phenols in rat embryos in vitro. AN - 76150602; 8278928 AB - The purpose of this study was to examine the toxicokinetics of embryo uptake following exposure to a variety of chemically related phenols in rat embryo culture. The uptake of nine radiolabeled para-substituted phenols by day 10 (9-13 somite stage) rat embryos in vitro was determined from 1 to 42 hrs after being placed in culture media containing various phenols. Uptake was rapid, having a half-life of 3 hr or less, with 7 of the nine compounds having uptake half-times of less than one hour. The equilibrium concentration in the embryo ranged from 53 to 136% of the media concentration, indicating only a factor of 2 in maximum discrimination against the compound for any of the phenols studied. The fraction of radioactivity remaining unbound in the media decreased with increasing log P (octanol/water partition coefficient). The binding was calculated to be 50% for log P = 1.77 from the fitted regression equation and decreased by a factor of 5.9 for every decade increase in P. When hepatocytes were also present in the media the equilibrium concentration in the embryos was less than when hepatocytes were absent. With the limited data, four of the phenols appeared to have no (i.e., zero) equilibrium level when hepatocytes were present. Thus the metabolites produced by the hepatocytes appeared to have less affinity for the embryo than the parent phenol. Toxicodynamic information as given by the effective concentration of the phenol in the embryo to cause somite or tail teratological effects was best predicted by the measured unbound fraction. JF - Teratology AU - Fisher, H L AU - Sumler, M R AU - Shrivastava, S P AU - Edwards, B AU - Oglesby, L A AU - Ebron-McCoy, M T AU - Copeland, F AU - Kavlock, R J AU - Hall, L L AD - Pharmacokinetics Branch, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1993/10// PY - 1993 DA - October 1993 SP - 285 EP - 297 VL - 48 IS - 4 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Culture Media KW - 0 KW - Phenols KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Liver -- cytology KW - Solubility KW - Half-Life KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley -- embryology KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Biotransformation KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Organ Culture Techniques KW - Liver -- embryology KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Phenols -- pharmacokinetics KW - Phenols -- chemistry KW - Phenols -- toxicity KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- metabolism KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- drug effects KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76150602?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Toxicokinetics+and+structure-activity+relationships+of+nine+para-substituted+phenols+in+rat+embryos+in+vitro.&rft.au=Fisher%2C+H+L%3BSumler%2C+M+R%3BShrivastava%2C+S+P%3BEdwards%2C+B%3BOglesby%2C+L+A%3BEbron-McCoy%2C+M+T%3BCopeland%2C+F%3BKavlock%2C+R+J%3BHall%2C+L+L&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-02-07 N1 - Date created - 1994-02-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk assessment of chemical mixtures: biologic and toxicologic issues. AN - 76096544; 8258379 JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Mumtaz, M M AU - Sipes, I G AU - Clewell, H J AU - Yang, R S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45241. Y1 - 1993/10// PY - 1993 DA - October 1993 SP - 258 EP - 269 VL - 21 IS - 3 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Hazardous Substances -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76096544?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Risk+assessment+of+chemical+mixtures%3A+biologic+and+toxicologic+issues.&rft.au=Mumtaz%2C+M+M%3BSipes%2C+I+G%3BClewell%2C+H+J%3BYang%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Mumtaz&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=258&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-01-19 N1 - Date created - 1994-01-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Correlation of the anticholinesterase activity of a series of organophosphates with their ability to compete with agonist binding to muscarinic receptors. AN - 76024895; 8212012 AB - Some compounds that inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity compete directly with quinuclidinyl benzilate (QNB) binding, a muscarinic antagonist which binds to all subtypes equally, and with cis-methyldioxolane (CD), an agonist that binds with high affinity to the M2 subtype of muscarinic receptors. The relationship between inhibition of AChE activity and the capability to affect muscarinic receptors directly has not been systematically explored. The interaction of eight organophosphates with muscarinic receptors was compared to their ability to inhibit AChE activity in vitro in tissue homogenates from rat hippocampus and frontal cortex, two cholinergically enriched areas of the brain. Of the compounds tested only echothiophate competed for [3H]QNB binding and only at concentrations greater than 100 microM. The anticholinesterase compounds were also tested for their ability to compete with a muscarinic receptor agonist, [3H]CD, which binds with high affinity (approximate KD = 3.5 nM) to 10 and 3% of the muscarinic receptors in the frontal cortex and hippocampus, respectively. The anticholinesterase compounds inhibited high-affinity [3H]CD binding up to 80% and the effects were similar in both tissues. Echothiophate and DFP were potent inhibitors of [3H]CD binding, as were the active "oxon" forms of parathion, malathion, and disulfoton. The parent "thio" forms of these insecticides, however, were much less effective in competing for [3H]CD binding. A similar pattern of potency was observed for the inhibition of brain AChE activity. A strong correlation was found between the ability of a compound to inhibit AChE activity and the ability to compete with [3H]CD binding. These data suggest that the biological effects of cholinesterase-inhibiting compounds may be due to more than their ability to inhibit AChE. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Ward, T R AU - Ferris, D J AU - Tilson, H A AU - Mundy, W R AD - Neurotoxicology Division, Health Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1993/10// PY - 1993 DA - October 1993 SP - 300 EP - 307 VL - 122 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - Dioxolanes KW - Organophosphorus Compounds KW - Parasympathomimetics KW - Receptors, Muscarinic KW - 2-methyldioxolane KW - 497-26-7 KW - Quinuclidinyl Benzilate KW - 6581-06-2 KW - Acetylcholinesterase KW - EC 3.1.1.7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Quinuclidinyl Benzilate -- metabolism KW - Cerebral Cortex -- metabolism KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Hippocampus -- metabolism KW - Binding, Competitive KW - Dioxolanes -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Parasympathomimetics -- metabolism KW - Acetylcholinesterase -- drug effects KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Organophosphorus Compounds -- metabolism KW - Organophosphorus Compounds -- pharmacology KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Muscarinic -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76024895?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Correlation+of+the+anticholinesterase+activity+of+a+series+of+organophosphates+with+their+ability+to+compete+with+agonist+binding+to+muscarinic+receptors.&rft.au=Ward%2C+T+R%3BFerris%2C+D+J%3BTilson%2C+H+A%3BMundy%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=300&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-11-08 N1 - Date created - 1993-11-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surfactant flooding augmentation of pump-and-treat remediation of NAPL sources AN - 50310811; 1993-041438 JF - Ground Water AU - West, Candida C Y1 - 1993/10// PY - 1993 DA - October 1993 SP - 831 EP - 832 PB - National Water Well Association, Ground-Water Technology Division, Urbana, IL VL - 31 IS - 5 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - water quality KW - monitoring KW - solutions KW - pumping KW - water management KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - sampling KW - surfactants KW - interpretation KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50310811?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Surfactant+flooding+augmentation+of+pump-and-treat+remediation+of+NAPL+sources&rft.au=West%2C+Candida+C&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=Candida&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=831&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1993 AGWSE Educational Program on Chlorinated volatile organic compounds in ground water N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ground water; interpretation; monitoring; nonaqueous phase liquids; pollution; pumping; remediation; sampling; solutions; surfactants; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of in situ devices for collection of ground-water VOC samples at hazardous waste sites AN - 50310722; 1993-041425 JF - Ground Water AU - Pohlmann, Karl F AU - Blegen, Ronald P AU - Denne, Jane E AU - Hess, John W Y1 - 1993/10// PY - 1993 DA - October 1993 SP - 824 EP - 825 PB - National Water Well Association, Ground-Water Technology Division, Urbana, IL VL - 31 IS - 5 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - organic materials KW - hazardous waste KW - water quality KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - water management KW - ground water KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - sampling KW - volatile organic compounds KW - water resources KW - instruments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50310722?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Use+of+in+situ+devices+for+collection+of+ground-water+VOC+samples+at+hazardous+waste+sites&rft.au=Pohlmann%2C+Karl+F%3BBlegen%2C+Ronald+P%3BDenne%2C+Jane+E%3BHess%2C+John+W&rft.aulast=Pohlmann&rft.aufirst=Karl&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=824&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1993 AGWSE Educational Program on Chlorinated volatile organic compounds in ground water N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ground water; hazardous waste; in situ; instruments; monitoring; organic compounds; organic materials; sampling; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sea-water intrusion in the coastal area of Laizhou Bay, China; 2, Sea-water intrusion monitoring AN - 50310409; 1993-041330 JF - Ground Water AU - Wu, Jichun AU - Xue, Yuqun AU - Liu, Peimin AU - Wang, Jianji AU - Jiang, Qingbo AU - Shi, Hongwen Y1 - 1993/10// PY - 1993 DA - October 1993 SP - 740 EP - 745 PB - National Water Well Association, Ground-Water Technology Division, Urbana, IL VL - 31 IS - 5 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - monitoring KW - Far East KW - salt-water intrusion KW - levels KW - pumping KW - coastal environment KW - Asia KW - Laizhou Bay KW - China KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50310409?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Sea-water+intrusion+in+the+coastal+area+of+Laizhou+Bay%2C+China%3B+2%2C+Sea-water+intrusion+monitoring&rft.au=Wu%2C+Jichun%3BXue%2C+Yuqun%3BLiu%2C+Peimin%3BWang%2C+Jianji%3BJiang%2C+Qingbo%3BShi%2C+Hongwen&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Jichun&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=740&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Asia; China; coastal environment; Far East; ground water; Laizhou Bay; levels; monitoring; pumping; salt-water intrusion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - RCRA corrective action ground-water remediation strategy AN - 50306249; 1993-041442 JF - Ground Water AU - Bartenfelder, David C AU - Tomassoni, Guy A AU - Myers, Vernon B Y1 - 1993/10// PY - 1993 DA - October 1993 SP - 833 PB - National Water Well Association, Ground-Water Technology Division, Urbana, IL VL - 31 IS - 5 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - water quality KW - Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Corrective Action Program KW - regulations KW - water management KW - pollution KW - water resources KW - solid waste KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50306249?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=RCRA+corrective+action+ground-water+remediation+strategy&rft.au=Bartenfelder%2C+David+C%3BTomassoni%2C+Guy+A%3BMyers%2C+Vernon+B&rft.aulast=Bartenfelder&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=833&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1993 AGWSE Educational Program on Chlorinated volatile organic compounds in ground water N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ground water; pollution; regulations; remediation; Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Corrective Action Program; solid waste; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA policy for ground-water remediation and accelerated cleanup of Superfund sites AN - 50305903; 1993-041443 JF - Ground Water AU - Lovelace, Kenneth A, Jr Y1 - 1993/10// PY - 1993 DA - October 1993 SP - 833 EP - 834 PB - National Water Well Association, Ground-Water Technology Division, Urbana, IL VL - 31 IS - 5 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - water quality KW - Superfund KW - regulations KW - water management KW - pollution KW - policy KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - water resources KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50305903?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=EPA+policy+for+ground-water+remediation+and+accelerated+cleanup+of+Superfund+sites&rft.au=Lovelace%2C+Kenneth+A%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Lovelace&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=833&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1993 AGWSE Educational Program on Chlorinated volatile organic compounds in ground water N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - dense nonaqueous phase liquids; ground water; nonaqueous phase liquids; policy; pollution; regulations; remediation; Superfund; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seafloor mapping and characterization; application of basic marine research to environmental management of the urban ocean AN - 50271701; 1994-012761 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Karl, H A AU - Chin, J L AU - Schwab, W C AU - Ueber, E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1993/10// PY - 1993 DA - October 1993 SP - 287 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 25 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - mapping KW - ecosystems KW - research KW - distribution KW - urban environment KW - Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary KW - California KW - habitat KW - marine sediments KW - San Francisco Bay region KW - sediments KW - ecology KW - ocean floors KW - management KW - species diversity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50271701?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Seafloor+mapping+and+characterization%3B+application+of+basic+marine+research+to+environmental+management+of+the+urban+ocean&rft.au=Karl%2C+H+A%3BChin%2C+J+L%3BSchwab%2C+W+C%3BUeber%2C+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Karl&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1993 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; distribution; ecology; ecosystems; Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary; habitat; management; mapping; marine sediments; ocean floors; research; San Francisco Bay region; sediments; species diversity; United States; urban environment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A preliminary characterization of sediments at the Industrial Waste Site (IWS), Massachusetts Bay AN - 50269112; 1994-023965 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Keith, Darryl J AU - Neiheisel, James AU - Lindsay, John AU - Stewart, Lance AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1993/10// PY - 1993 DA - October 1993 SP - 129 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 25 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - thallophytes KW - Sr-90 KW - Suffolk County Massachusetts KW - isotopes KW - plutonium KW - halogens KW - algae KW - Holocene KW - heavy minerals KW - radioactive waste KW - Cenozoic KW - iodine KW - dredging KW - radioactive isotopes KW - mineral composition KW - diatoms KW - cesium KW - Massachusetts KW - sediments KW - Boston Foul Area KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Plantae KW - Quaternary KW - textures KW - grain size KW - fines KW - alkali metals KW - I-131 KW - Massachusetts Bay KW - Boston Massachusetts KW - partition coefficients KW - Cs-137 KW - metals KW - industrial waste KW - waste disposal KW - low-level waste KW - actinides KW - strontium KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50269112?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=A+preliminary+characterization+of+sediments+at+the+Industrial+Waste+Site+%28IWS%29%2C+Massachusetts+Bay&rft.au=Keith%2C+Darryl+J%3BNeiheisel%2C+James%3BLindsay%2C+John%3BStewart%2C+Lance%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Keith&rft.aufirst=Darryl&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1993 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; algae; alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; Boston Foul Area; Boston Massachusetts; Cenozoic; cesium; Cs-137; diatoms; dredging; fines; grain size; halogens; heavy minerals; Holocene; I-131; industrial waste; iodine; isotopes; low-level waste; Massachusetts; Massachusetts Bay; metals; mineral composition; partition coefficients; Plantae; plutonium; Quaternary; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; sediments; Sr-90; strontium; Suffolk County Massachusetts; textures; thallophytes; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transport of low-level radioactive soil at deep-ocean disposal site; discussion and closure AN - 50180232; 1995-018015 JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Bonner, James S AU - Hunt, Carlton D AU - Paul, John F AU - Bierman, Victor J, Jr AU - Abdelrhman, Mohamed A Y1 - 1993/10// PY - 1993 DA - October 1993 SP - 996 EP - 998 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, Environmental Engineering Division, New York, NY VL - 119 IS - 5 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - diffusion KW - suspended materials KW - migration of elements KW - deep-sea environment KW - radioactive waste KW - models KW - theoretical studies KW - physical properties KW - marine environment KW - hydrodynamics KW - waste disposal KW - bottom water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50180232?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Transport+of+low-level+radioactive+soil+at+deep-ocean+disposal+site%3B+discussion+and+closure&rft.au=Bonner%2C+James+S%3BHunt%2C+Carlton+D%3BPaul%2C+John+F%3BBierman%2C+Victor+J%2C+Jr%3BAbdelrhman%2C+Mohamed+A&rft.aulast=Bonner&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=996&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - SuppNotes - For reference to original see Bonner, James S. et al., J. Environ. Eng., Vol. 118, No. 1, 1992 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JOEEDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bottom water; deep-sea environment; diffusion; hydrodynamics; marine environment; migration of elements; models; physical properties; radioactive waste; suspended materials; theoretical studies; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Struggling with Integrated Environmental Policy: The EPA Experience AN - 1761721796; 199501475 AB - Discusses the problem of policy & program integration in the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), with focus on the lead contamination issue. Analysis illustrates the obstacles to integration of policy & procedure even for a single environmental pollutant. Given the holistic & ramifying character of environmental problems, the development of appropriate policies & regulations in a political system characterized by sectoral, specialized structure, & special interest clientele is problematic. The effects of elevating the EPA to a cabinet-level department cannot fully be foreseen, although the expansion of the EPA to the administration of nonregulatory responsibilities will doubtless bring new problems of policy to this agency. Problems of program integration may increase unless EPA is authorized to devise & adapt more effective integrative procedures. 42 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Policy Studies Review AU - Funke, Odelia AD - Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M St SW Washington DC 20460-0001 Y1 - 1993/10// PY - 1993 DA - October 1993 SP - 137 EP - 161 VL - 12 IS - 3-4 KW - Environmental Protection Agency, policy/program integration KW - illustrative case KW - lead contamination KW - Toxic Substances KW - Policy Making KW - Lead Poisoning KW - Environmental Protection KW - Policy Implementation KW - article KW - 7214: housing policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1761721796?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Policy+Studies+Review&rft.atitle=Struggling+with+Integrated+Environmental+Policy%3A+The+EPA+Experience&rft.au=Funke%2C+Odelia&rft.aulast=Funke&rft.aufirst=Odelia&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Policy+Studies+Review&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Social Services Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Policy Making; Policy Implementation; Lead Poisoning; Toxic Substances; Environmental Protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An evaluation of single-hole aquifer tests on a factured bedrock Superfund site AN - 1030489737; 2012-068717 JF - Midwest Ground Water Conference AU - Yeskis, Doug J AU - Vanderpool, L AU - Kay, Bob AU - Booth, Colin AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1993/10// PY - 1993 DA - October 1993 SP - 67 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 38 KW - United States KW - bedrock KW - slug tests KW - Illinois KW - pollution KW - hydrogeology KW - cores KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - water table KW - fractures KW - heterogeneous materials KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - water wells KW - water pollution KW - Superfund sites KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1030489737?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.atitle=An+evaluation+of+single-hole+aquifer+tests+on+a+factured+bedrock+Superfund+site&rft.au=Yeskis%2C+Doug+J%3BVanderpool%2C+L%3BKay%2C+Bob%3BBooth%2C+Colin%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Yeskis&rft.aufirst=Doug&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 38th annual Midwest ground water conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-09-14 N1 - CODEN - #03005 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bedrock; cores; fractures; ground water; heterogeneous materials; hydraulic conductivity; hydrogeology; Illinois; pollution; slug tests; Superfund sites; United States; water pollution; water table; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An alternative field methodology for investigating a fractured bedrock, Superfund site AN - 1030489707; 2012-068714 JF - Midwest Ground Water Conference AU - Bolen, Bill AU - Yeskis, Doug J AU - Thomas, Craig AU - Kay, Bob AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1993/10// PY - 1993 DA - October 1993 SP - 60 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 38 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - bedrock KW - seismic profiles KW - well logs KW - Illinois KW - geophysical surveys KW - pollutants KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - hydrogeology KW - seismic methods KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - vertical seismic profiles KW - transport KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - Superfund sites KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1030489707?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.atitle=An+alternative+field+methodology+for+investigating+a+fractured+bedrock%2C+Superfund+site&rft.au=Bolen%2C+Bill%3BYeskis%2C+Doug+J%3BThomas%2C+Craig%3BKay%2C+Bob%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bolen&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=&rft.spage=60&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 38th annual Midwest ground water conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-08-02 N1 - CODEN - #03005 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bedrock; fractured materials; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrogeology; Illinois; pollutants; pollution; seismic methods; seismic profiles; Superfund sites; surveys; transport; United States; vertical seismic profiles; well logs ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Agricultural chemicals in Illinois' rural private wells; new insights from a pilot study AN - 1030489589; 2012-068694 JF - Midwest Ground Water Conference AU - Mehnert, E AU - Dey, W S AU - Barnhardt, M L AU - Ray, C AU - Schock, S C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1993/10// PY - 1993 DA - October 1993 SP - 22 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 38 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - Illinois KW - pollutants KW - agrochemicals KW - agriculture KW - pollution KW - hydrogeology KW - water wells KW - water pollution KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1030489589?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.atitle=Agricultural+chemicals+in+Illinois%27+rural+private+wells%3B+new+insights+from+a+pilot+study&rft.au=Mehnert%2C+E%3BDey%2C+W+S%3BBarnhardt%2C+M+L%3BRay%2C+C%3BSchock%2C+S+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mehnert&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=&rft.spage=22&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 38th annual Midwest ground water conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-08-02 N1 - CODEN - #03005 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; agrochemicals; hydrogeology; Illinois; pollutants; pollution; United States; water pollution; water quality; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative analysis of the metabolism of 9,10-dihydrobenzo[a]pyrene by induced rat liver microsomes. AN - 76020080; 8221625 AB - The ability of reduced polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to be converted to their fully aromatic forms by the microsomal cytochrome P-450 mixed-function oxidases may assist in the explanation of the mutagenic and tumorigenic activities of these agents. The metabolic conversion of 9,10-dihydrobenzo[a]pyrene (9,10-DHB[a]P) to benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and 9- and/or 10-hydroxy-9,10-DHB[a]P (OH-9,10-DHB[a]P) was quantitatively measured. In beta-naphthoflavone-induced rat liver microsomes, 9,10-DHB[a]P was metabolized to B[a]P with a specific activity of 1.51 nmol B[a]P formed/min/mg microsomal protein. The formation of B[a]P was directly related to incubation time and microsomal protein concentration. Similarly, 9,10-DHB[a]P was converted to OH-9,10-DHB[a]P with a specific activity of 4.48 nmol OH-9,10-DHB[a]P formed/min/mg microsomal protein. Its formation was directly related to incubation time and microsomal protein concentration. The possibility of OH-9,10-DHB[a]P as a metabolic intermediate to B[a]P is discussed. JF - Cancer letters AU - Nesnow, S AU - Jackson, L AU - Padgett, W T AU - Lambert, G R AU - Agarwal, S C AD - Carcinogenesis and Metabolism Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1993/09/30/ PY - 1993 DA - 1993 Sep 30 SP - 135 EP - 140 VL - 73 IS - 2-3 SN - 0304-3835, 0304-3835 KW - Benzoflavones KW - 0 KW - Benzopyrenes KW - 9,10-dihydrobenzo(a)pyrene KW - 17573-15-8 KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - 3417WMA06D KW - beta-Naphthoflavone KW - 6051-87-2 KW - Mixed Function Oxygenases KW - EC 1.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Mixed Function Oxygenases -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Benzoflavones -- pharmacology KW - Benzo(a)pyrene -- metabolism KW - Microsomes, Liver -- metabolism KW - Microsomes, Liver -- drug effects KW - Benzopyrenes -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76020080?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+letters&rft.atitle=Quantitative+analysis+of+the+metabolism+of+9%2C10-dihydrobenzo%5Ba%5Dpyrene+by+induced+rat+liver+microsomes.&rft.au=Nesnow%2C+S%3BJackson%2C+L%3BPadgett%2C+W+T%3BLambert%2C+G+R%3BAgarwal%2C+S+C&rft.aulast=Nesnow&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1993-09-30&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+letters&rft.issn=03043835&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-11-26 N1 - Date created - 1993-11-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sample cleanup by solid-phase extraction for the ultratrace determination of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in biological samples. AN - 76082322; 8238936 AB - A sample cleanup method for the isolation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) by solid-phase extraction is described. A C18 bonded silica cartridge is used for the initial extraction and enrichment of the analytes. Subsequent cleanup is achieved with a dual-cartridge arrangement consisting of a bonded benzenesulfonic acid cartridge in series with a silica cartridge. A Florisil cartridge is employed for the final cleanup step. Sample preparation procedures used for blood plasma and animal tissues are described. The precision and accuracy of the method is validated by determining recoveries of 2,3,7,8-substituted PCDD and PCDF congeners spiked at various levels in blood plasma and in animal tissues. The effectiveness of the cleanup method is shown by the analysis of wild bird eggs which are highly contaminated with a variety of pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls. The application of this cleanup method to human plasma containing PCDDs/PCDFs at parts-per-quadrillion levels and results of analyses by high-resolution mass spectrometry and low-resolution mass spectrometry are presented. The validity of this method is demonstrated by the comparable results obtained from this method and from other established methods. JF - Analytical chemistry AU - Chang, R R AU - Jarman, W M AU - Hennings, J A AD - Department of Toxic Substances Control, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley 94704. Y1 - 1993/09/15/ PY - 1993 DA - 1993 Sep 15 SP - 2420 EP - 2427 VL - 65 IS - 18 SN - 0003-2700, 0003-2700 KW - Benzofurans KW - 0 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - dibenzofuran KW - 8U54U639VI KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Humans KW - Egg Yolk -- chemistry KW - Chromatography, Ion Exchange KW - Birds KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analogs & derivatives KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analysis KW - Benzofurans -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76082322?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+chemistry&rft.atitle=Sample+cleanup+by+solid-phase+extraction+for+the+ultratrace+determination+of+polychlorinated+dibenzo-p-dioxins+and+dibenzofurans+in+biological+samples.&rft.au=Chang%2C+R+R%3BJarman%2C+W+M%3BHennings%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-09-15&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=2420&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+chemistry&rft.issn=00032700&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-12-01 N1 - Date created - 1993-12-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing effects for disposal sites off San Francisco AN - 907923733; 2012-001629 JF - Estuarine and Coastal Modeling. Proceedings of the ... International Conference AU - Hamilton, Peter AU - Ota, Allan Y AU - Spaulding, Malcolm L AU - Bedford, Keith AU - Blumberg, Alan AU - Cheng, Ralph T AU - Swanson, Craig Y1 - 1993/09// PY - 1993 DA - September 1993 SP - 14 EP - 28 PB - ASCE, American Society of Civil Engineers, New York, NY VL - 3 KW - United States KW - clay KW - water quality KW - continental slope KW - waste disposal sites KW - California KW - San Francisco County California KW - San Francisco Bay KW - tracers KW - sediments KW - ocean floors KW - currents KW - sand KW - diffusion KW - California Current KW - clastic sediments KW - settlement KW - silt KW - dredged materials KW - San Francisco California KW - models KW - turbidity currents KW - seasonal variations KW - bathymetry KW - waste disposal KW - design KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/907923733?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuarine+and+Coastal+Modeling.+Proceedings+of+the+...+International+Conference&rft.atitle=Assessing+effects+for+disposal+sites+off+San+Francisco&rft.au=Hamilton%2C+Peter%3BOta%2C+Allan+Y%3BSpaulding%2C+Malcolm+L%3BBedford%2C+Keith%3BBlumberg%2C+Alan%3BCheng%2C+Ralph+T%3BSwanson%2C+Craig&rft.aulast=Hamilton&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=1993-09-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=0872629759&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuarine+and+Coastal+Modeling.+Proceedings+of+the+...+International+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international conference on Estuarine and coastal modeling N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03869 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bathymetry; California; California Current; clastic sediments; clay; continental slope; currents; design; diffusion; dredged materials; models; ocean floors; San Francisco Bay; San Francisco California; San Francisco County California; sand; seasonal variations; sediments; settlement; silt; tracers; turbidity currents; United States; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The sensitivity to 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile differs for high- and midfrequency hearing loss in the developing rat. AN - 85152375; pmid-8226343 AB - 3,3'-Iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) has been demonstrated to produce a loss of hearing following both neonatal and adult exposures. Adult exposure induces a full spectrum hearing loss, whereas early postnatal exposure produces a high-frequency loss only. The purpose of this work was to delineate the period of development during which the rat becomes sensitive to the full ototoxic effects of IDPN. Primiparous Long Evans rats or their offspring were exposed to either saline or 300 mg/kg IDPN for three consecutive days. Ages of exposure were as follows: gestational days 15-17 or postnatal days (PND) 1-3, 5-7, 15-17, 20-22, 25-27, 30-32, 40-42, or 70-72. All animals were tested as adults for auditory thresholds to 5- and 40-kHz tones using reflex modification audiometry. Results demonstrate that adult-like susceptibility to IDPN was not reached until approximately PND 30-32. Early exposures (PND 5-22) to IDPN will induce a highfrequency selective hearing loss, sparing the lower frequency. Prenatal or early neonatal (PND 1-3) IDPN exposure resulted in a high degree of mortality (> 70%). The long period of time between the susceptible period for the high frequency (PND 5-7) and the lower frequency (PND 30-32) does not correspond to the basal to apical ontogenic profile of any one physiological or anatomical process. These data suggest either a unique site of action for IDPN in the cochlea or the possibility of two different mechanisms, one operating at early postnatal ages and one at later ages. JF - Hearing Research AU - Goldey, E S AU - Kehn, L S AU - Crofton, K M AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. PY - 1993 SP - 221 EP - 228 VL - 69 IS - 1-2 SN - 0378-5955, 0378-5955 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85152375?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hearing+Research&rft.atitle=The+sensitivity+to+3%2C3%27-iminodipropionitrile+differs+for+high-+and+midfrequency+hearing+loss+in+the+developing+rat.&rft.au=Goldey%2C+E+S%3BKehn%2C+L+S%3BCrofton%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Goldey&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1993-09-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hearing+Research&rft.issn=03785955&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Air pollution health risks: do class and race matter? AN - 76283426; 8184446 AB - Air pollution is not spread evenly across demographic groups. Exposures and associated health risks appear to fall disproportionately on populations that are poor and nonwhite. Although scientific evidence documenting disparities in air pollution exposures, doses, and health effects is scant, the available data strongly support the contention that disadvantaged groups, many of whom are ethnic and racial minorities, routinely encounter levels of air pollution that are higher than average. The extent to which exposure differentials contribute to observed differences in health status by class and race is unknown, but worthy of further investigation. We recommend several steps, all of them feasible and most of them relatively inexpensive, to improve our understanding and ability to address environmental health disparities. JF - Toxicology and industrial health AU - Sexton, K AU - Gong, H AU - Bailar, J C AU - Ford, J G AU - Gold, D R AU - Lambert, W E AU - Utell, M J AD - Office of Health Research, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, DC 20460. PY - 1993 SP - 843 EP - 878 VL - 9 IS - 5 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Lead KW - 2P299V784P KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Health Status KW - Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Smoking -- adverse effects KW - Lead -- blood KW - Child, Preschool KW - Socioeconomic Factors KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- adverse effects KW - Social Class KW - Risk Factors KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Occupational Diseases -- epidemiology KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Female KW - Male KW - Air Pollution -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Health KW - Ethnic Groups UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76283426?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+industrial+health&rft.atitle=Air+pollution+health+risks%3A+do+class+and+race+matter%3F&rft.au=Sexton%2C+K%3BGong%2C+H%3BBailar%2C+J+C%3BFord%2C+J+G%3BGold%2C+D+R%3BLambert%2C+W+E%3BUtell%2C+M+J&rft.aulast=Sexton&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1993-09-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=843&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+industrial+health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-06-14 N1 - Date created - 1994-06-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - "Environmental justice": the central role of research in establishing a credible scientific foundation for informed decision making. AN - 76280835; 8184441 AB - Although much of the evidence is anecdotal and circumstantial, there are mounting concerns that environmental health risks are borne disproportionately by members of the population who are poor and nonwhite. We examine the central role of environmental health research in defining the dimensions of the problem, understanding its causes, and identifying solutions. Environmental health sciences, including epidemiology, exposure analysis. pharmacokinetics, toxicology, and surveillance monitoring, must be employed to determine the extent to which society has achieved "equity" and "justice" in safeguarding the health and safety of its citizens. By improving our ability to identify, evaluate, prevent, and/or reduce risks for all members of society, environmental health research can contribute directly to fair and equitable protection for everyone, regardless of age, ethnicity, gender, race, or socioeconomic status. JF - Toxicology and industrial health AU - Sexton, K AU - Olden, K AU - Johnson, B L AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Health Research, Washington, DC 20460. PY - 1993 SP - 685 EP - 727 VL - 9 IS - 5 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Index Medicus KW - Socioeconomic Factors KW - Humans KW - Health Status KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Research KW - Public Policy KW - Decision Making KW - Environmental Health KW - Social Justice UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76280835?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+industrial+health&rft.atitle=%22Environmental+justice%22%3A+the+central+role+of+research+in+establishing+a+credible+scientific+foundation+for+informed+decision+making.&rft.au=Sexton%2C+K%3BOlden%2C+K%3BJohnson%2C+B+L&rft.aulast=Sexton&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1993-09-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=685&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+industrial+health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-06-14 N1 - Date created - 1994-06-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Health risks from contaminated water: do class and race matter? AN - 76275334; 8184447 AB - The impact of contaminants in water on minorities and economically disadvantaged persons was reviewed. Environmental legislation governing water was summarized as background information against which relevant studies were evaluated. The majority of the available information was anecdotal or case study and did not lend itself to making quantitative comparisons or analyses. However, the data did present certain trends that led to the conclusion that inequities concerning exposure to contaminants in water may exist. The following recommendations were made: current data bases should be analyzed and new data bases created to facilitate assessments of exposure to waterborne contaminants to all populations; an analysis of populations not covered by the Safe Drinking Water Act should be undertaken; a survey should be conducted of the drinking water infrastructure and the results evaluated to identify any impacts to minorities and economically disadvantaged persons; the social, cultural and economic characteristics that influence human exposure to waterborne contaminants need to be identified; and better educational and community outreach programs need to be developed and implemented. JF - Toxicology and industrial health AU - Calderon, R L AU - Johnson, C C AU - Craun, G F AU - Dufour, A P AU - Karlin, R J AU - Sinks, T AU - Valentine, J L AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. PY - 1993 SP - 879 EP - 900 VL - 9 IS - 5 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Child KW - Socioeconomic Factors KW - California KW - Demography KW - New York KW - Social Class KW - Risk Factors KW - Adult KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Michigan KW - Female KW - Male KW - Environmental Health KW - Water Supply -- standards KW - Ethnic Groups KW - Water Pollution -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76275334?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+industrial+health&rft.atitle=Health+risks+from+contaminated+water%3A+do+class+and+race+matter%3F&rft.au=Calderon%2C+R+L%3BJohnson%2C+C+C%3BCraun%2C+G+F%3BDufour%2C+A+P%3BKarlin%2C+R+J%3BSinks%2C+T%3BValentine%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Calderon&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-09-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=879&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+industrial+health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-06-14 N1 - Date created - 1994-06-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fetal development in the rat following disruption of maternal renal function during pregnancy. AN - 76094950; 8248862 AB - Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats received subcutaneous injections of mercuric chloride (1-4 mg/kg) on either gestation day 7, 9, 11, or 13 to determine effects of altered maternal renal function on embryonic and fetal development. Maternal renal function, assessed by urinalysis, was markedly disrupted for at least 48 hours after treatment and resulted in decreased maternal body weight gain. Residual effects on maternal kidney weight were evident on GD 21 when the females were killed and the fetuses removed and examined for visceral and skeletal development. We did not observe an increased incidence of malformations in the offspring for exposure on any day of gestation. Maternal exposure to mercuric chloride slightly impaired fetal growth over several gestational exposures periods and changed the pattern of rib formation when exposure occurred early in organogenesis. The extent of the changes could not, however, be related to the immediate degree or duration of altered maternal renal function. Rather, we found correlations between lasting effects of exposure as measured by maternal renal weight on GD 21 and super-numerary lumbar rib induction on GD 7 and 9; while for the relationship with fetal weight, the strongest correlation with maternal kidney weight occurred following exposure on GD 9 (P < 0.01), with weaker correlations (P < 0.10) for GD 7 and 13 exposures. Maternal serum urea was negatively correlated with fetal weight from the GD 7 exposure. This study supports the concept that some specific forms of maternal toxicity may be associated with limited manifestations of developmental toxicity, but, in general, embryonic development was observed to proceed normally in the presence of marked disruptions in maternal renal physiology. Maternal toxicity, especially as routinely measured in developmental toxicity studies, cannot be looked upon as a single disease. Instead, each manifestation must be examined for what it signifies to the physiology and well being of the female and for cause-and-effect relationships with fetal observations. Maternal toxicity and developmental toxicity should not be etiologically linked solely because of their concurrent appearance on the dose-response curve. JF - Teratology AU - Kavlock, R J AU - Logsdon, T AU - Gray, J A AD - Perinatal Toxicology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1993/09// PY - 1993 DA - September 1993 SP - 247 EP - 258 VL - 48 IS - 3 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Mercuric Chloride KW - 53GH7MZT1R KW - Urea KW - 8W8T17847W KW - Creatinine KW - AYI8EX34EU KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Gestational Age KW - Pregnancy Complications -- chemically induced KW - Pregnancy Complications -- pathology KW - Creatinine -- blood KW - Pregnancy KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Acute Kidney Injury -- complications KW - Acute Kidney Injury -- chemically induced KW - Acute Kidney Injury -- physiopathology KW - Mercuric Chloride -- toxicity KW - Urea -- blood KW - Pregnancy Complications -- physiopathology KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Kidney -- pathology KW - Kidney -- drug effects KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- physiology KW - Kidney -- physiopathology KW - Maternal-Fetal Exchange -- physiology KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76094950?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Fetal+development+in+the+rat+following+disruption+of+maternal+renal+function+during+pregnancy.&rft.au=Kavlock%2C+R+J%3BLogsdon%2C+T%3BGray%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Kavlock&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-09-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-12-29 N1 - Date created - 1993-12-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gas chromatographic/nitrogen-phosphorus detection method for determination of ethylene thiourea in finished drinking waters: collaborative study. AN - 76086536; 8241814 AB - A joint U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)-AOAC interlaboratory method validation study was conducted on USEPA National Pesticide Survey (NPS) Method 6, "Determination of Ethylene Thiourea (ETU) in Finished Drinking Water by Gas Chromatography with a Nitrogen-Phosphorus Detector." The purpose of the study was to determine and compare the mean recoveries and precision for determination of ETU in reagent water and finished drinking waters. The study design was based on Youden's nonreplicate plan for collaborative tests of analytical methods. The waters were spiked with ETU at 6 concentrations levels, prepared as 3 Youden pairs. In the method, the test water is extracted by passing the sample through an absorbent matrix type tube. ETU is recovered from the tube with methylene chloride, the extract is solvent-exchanged to ethyl acetate, and an aliquot of each extract is analyzed by gas chromatography using a nitrogen-phosphorus detector. Twelve laboratories participated in the study. Data were analyzed using a USEPA computer program, which measured recovery and precision for ETU and compared the performance of the method between the 2 water types. Over the concentration range tested, the mean percent recoveries of ETU were 82-92% in reagent water and 85-98% in finished drinking water. The range of the between-laboratory relative standard deviations (RSDR) for the 6 concentrations was 5-24% in reagent water, but was only 4-9% in finished drinking water. The range of the within-laboratory relative standard deviations (RSDr) was 6-14% for reagent water and 6-10% for finished drinking water. Results for the 2 water matrixes showed no statistically significant differences.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Journal of AOAC International AU - Longbottom, J E AU - Edgell, K W AU - Erb, E J AU - Lopez-Avila, V AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268. PY - 1993 SP - 1113 EP - 1120 VL - 76 IS - 5 SN - 1060-3271, 1060-3271 KW - Ethylenethiourea KW - 24FOJ4N18S KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Regression Analysis KW - Analysis of Variance KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Quality Control KW - Water Supply -- analysis KW - Ethylenethiourea -- analysis KW - Water Supply -- standards KW - Water Pollution, Chemical -- analysis KW - Chromatography, Gas -- standards KW - Chromatography, Gas -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76086536?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.atitle=Gas+chromatographic%2Fnitrogen-phosphorus+detection+method+for+determination+of+ethylene+thiourea+in+finished+drinking+waters%3A+collaborative+study.&rft.au=Longbottom%2C+J+E%3BEdgell%2C+K+W%3BErb%2C+E+J%3BLopez-Avila%2C+V&rft.aulast=Longbottom&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-09-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.issn=10603271&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-01-06 N1 - Date created - 1994-01-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The association of air pollution and mortality: examining the case for inference. AN - 76018910; 8215598 AB - An association between air pollution measured as particulate matter, and mortality has been reported in several different locations. These studies have been conducted over a wide range of climates and populations. The time-series studies, which examine the joint occurrence of daily fluctuations in air pollution and mortality, provide the strongest evidence of a true association. However, several criteria, including the consistency of the results, need to be explored before causality is inferred from these studies. A striking consistency in the results was observed, after the different studies were converted into a common metric. The mean effect of an 10 micrograms/m3 change in PM10 implied by these studies varies between 0.64 and 1.49%. The fulfillment of other criteria, including specificity, presence of a dose-response relationship, and coherence of results, lend strong support to the existence of an actual association between particulate matter and mortality. However, the biologic mechanism is not well understood at this time. In addition, the precise measure of the pollutant responsible for the health effect--total suspended particles, PM10, fine particles, sulfates, acidic aerosols, sulfur dioxide, or some as yet unmeasured pollutant--is unclear, based on current available evidence. JF - Archives of environmental health AU - Ostro, B AD - Air Pollution Epidemiology Unit, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley. PY - 1993 SP - 336 EP - 342 VL - 48 IS - 5 SN - 0003-9896, 0003-9896 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Causality KW - Cross-Sectional Studies KW - Humans KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Mortality KW - Air Pollution -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76018910?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+environmental+health&rft.atitle=The+association+of+air+pollution+and+mortality%3A+examining+the+case+for+inference.&rft.au=Ostro%2C+B&rft.aulast=Ostro&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1993-09-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=336&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+environmental+health&rft.issn=00039896&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-11-04 N1 - Date created - 1993-11-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-14 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An evaluation of the comparative metabolism and kinetics of 1-nitropyrene by rabbit, rat, and hamster tracheal epithelial cells. AN - 75968211; 8378929 AB - The comparative metabolism of 1-nitropyrene was studied in isolated rabbit, rat, and hamster tracheal epithelial cells commonly used in neoplastic transformation assays. The maximum total metabolite production for all species was attained at 2.0 x 10(6) cells and 4 hr incubation, with no significant increase after 20 hr. The majority of the metabolites produced by tracheal epithelial cells from each species were released into the surrounding medium. The metabolites retained by tracheal epithelial cells were qualitatively identical to those identified in the medium but were present at lower concentrations. The apparent Km for the metabolism of 1-nitropyrene by tracheal epithelial cells was in the order of rabbit (5.1 microM) hamster (1.6 nmol/hr/mg protein) > rat (0.48 nmol/hr/mg protein). Intrinsic clearance of the previously characterized mutagenic metabolites (3-OH-1-NAAP, K-DHD, 10-OH-1-NP, 1-AMP, and phenols 6- or 8-OH-1-NP) produced by tracheal epithelial cells at their approximate Km values also indicated that rabbit tracheal cells were more active in the production of these metabolites than either hamster or rat tracheal cells. Although the metabolism of 1-NP in isolated tracheal epithelial cells of these three species was qualitatively similar, rabbit tracheal cells are the most active in metabolizing 1-NP. These results are consistent with the possibility that tracheal epithelial cells may be a target tissue for NO2-PAHs carcinogenesis. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - King, L C AU - Lewtas, J AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1993/09// PY - 1993 DA - September 1993 SP - 149 EP - 158 VL - 122 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Pyrenes KW - 0 KW - N-acetyl-1-aminopyrene KW - 22755-15-3 KW - 1-nitro-4,5-dihydro-4,5-dihydroxypyrene KW - 97849-84-8 KW - N-acetyl-3-hydroxy-1-aminopyrene KW - 99026-65-0 KW - 1-aminopyrene KW - LUW9EO1681 KW - 1-nitropyrene KW - TD1665I8Q4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Animals KW - Epithelial Cells KW - Cell Count KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Biotransformation KW - Kinetics KW - Rabbits KW - Epithelium -- metabolism KW - Species Specificity KW - Cricetinae KW - Pyrenes -- toxicity KW - Pyrenes -- metabolism KW - Pyrenes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Trachea -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75968211?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=An+evaluation+of+the+comparative+metabolism+and+kinetics+of+1-nitropyrene+by+rabbit%2C+rat%2C+and+hamster+tracheal+epithelial+cells.&rft.au=King%2C+L+C%3BLewtas%2C+J&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1993-09-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-10-15 N1 - Date created - 1993-10-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhanced mortality and liver damage in virus-infected mice exposed to p-xylene. AN - 75931067; 8395606 AB - This study assessed effects of exposure to p-xylene, a ubiquitous air pollutant, on mice infected with murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV), a mouse model for a common human virus. It was postulated that adverse health effects could occur as a result of (1) enhanced infection due to xylene-induced immune suppression, (2) increased p-xylene toxicity due to viral suppression of cytochrome P-450 (P-450), and/or (3) additive or synergistic effects on liver function due to tissue injury by both p-xylene and MCMV. Mice were exposed to filtered air, 600 or 1200 ppm p-xylene 6 h/d for 4 d and infected with a sublethal dose of MCMV after the first exposure. No deaths occurred among uninfected, p-xylene-exposed mice or infected, air-exposed mice; 34% and 0% mortality occurred respectively in infected mice exposed to 1200 and 600 ppm p-xylene. Virus titers in the liver and splenic natural killer cell activity were unaffected by exposure to 1200 ppm p-xylene. Small but significant increases in serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase activities, indicators of liver damage, were observed at 4 d postinfection. p-Xylene exposure had no effect on these serum enzyme activities in uninfected mice, but 1200 ppm potentiated this effect in infected mice. MCMV significantly suppressed and p-xylene significantly increased total P-450 levels in the liver, but there was no significant interaction between the two. Isozymes 1A1, 2B1/B2, and 2E1 were decreased to a similar degree, suggesting that the virus does not target specific isozymes. Enhanced mortality was not due to immune suppression. While p-xylene potentiated liver damage was caused by the virus, the magnitude of serum enzyme activities indicates that this damage was not a likely cause of death. The cause of deaths is unclear, results were consistent with the hypothesis that enhanced mortality was related to enhanced xylene toxicity due to suppression of P-450, although additive or synergistic damage to tissues other than liver cannot be ruled out. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - Selgrade, M K AU - Daniels, M J AU - Jaskot, R H AU - Robinson, B L AU - Allis, J W AD - Environmental Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1993/09// PY - 1993 DA - September 1993 SP - 129 EP - 144 VL - 40 IS - 1 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Xylenes KW - 0 KW - 4-xylene KW - 6WAC1O477V KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Cytomegalovirus -- isolation & purification KW - Mice KW - Body Weight KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Blood KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Mice, Inbred C3H KW - Killer Cells, Natural -- metabolism KW - Female KW - Liver -- microbiology KW - Liver Diseases -- immunology KW - Cytomegalovirus Infections -- mortality KW - Xylenes -- toxicity KW - Cytomegalovirus Infections -- immunology KW - Cytomegalovirus Infections -- complications KW - Xylenes -- immunology KW - Liver Diseases -- etiology KW - Liver Diseases -- enzymology KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Cytomegalovirus Infections -- enzymology KW - Liver Diseases -- microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75931067?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Enhanced+mortality+and+liver+damage+in+virus-infected+mice+exposed+to+p-xylene.&rft.au=Selgrade%2C+M+K%3BDaniels%2C+M+J%3BJaskot%2C+R+H%3BRobinson%2C+B+L%3BAllis%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Selgrade&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1993-09-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-09-30 N1 - Date created - 1993-09-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Packer production testing for characterization of contaminated bedrock aquifer AN - 52692510; 1997-057934 JF - The Professional Geologist AU - Ayubcha, Amin AU - Corbett, Chris Y1 - 1993/09// PY - 1993 DA - September 1993 SP - 12 EP - 15, 18 PB - American Institute of Professional Geologists, Arvada, CO VL - 30 IS - 9 SN - 0279-0521, 0279-0521 KW - wells KW - packer tests KW - hazardous waste KW - bedrock KW - slug tests KW - monitoring KW - data acquisition KW - characterization KW - pollution KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - pump tests KW - drawdown KW - heterogeneity KW - water wells KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52692510?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Professional+Geologist&rft.atitle=Packer+production+testing+for+characterization+of+contaminated+bedrock+aquifer&rft.au=Ayubcha%2C+Amin%3BCorbett%2C+Chris&rft.aulast=Ayubcha&rft.aufirst=Amin&rft.date=1993-09-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Professional+Geologist&rft.issn=02790521&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Hydrogeology; Part 2 N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-16 N1 - CODEN - PFGLBS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bedrock; characterization; data acquisition; drawdown; ground water; hazardous waste; heterogeneity; monitoring; packer tests; pollution; pump tests; slug tests; water wells; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - ELISA regulatory application; compliance monitoring of samazine and atrazine in California soils AN - 50186344; 1995-009405 JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Goh, Kean S AU - Weaver, Don J AU - Hsu, Jean AU - Richman, Sylvia J AU - Tran, Duc AU - Barry, Terrell A Y1 - 1993/09// PY - 1993 DA - September 1993 SP - 333 EP - 340 PB - Springer-Verlag, New York, NY VL - 51 IS - 3 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - United States KW - Tulare County California KW - hazardous waste KW - regulations KW - ground water KW - California KW - triazines KW - simazine KW - immunoassays KW - ELISA KW - chemical composition KW - soils KW - Los Angeles County California KW - chemical analysis KW - monitoring KW - Fresno County California KW - pollutants KW - herbicides KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - organic compounds KW - atrazine KW - pesticides KW - leaching KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50186344?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=ELISA+regulatory+application%3B+compliance+monitoring+of+samazine+and+atrazine+in+California+soils&rft.au=Goh%2C+Kean+S%3BWeaver%2C+Don+J%3BHsu%2C+Jean%3BRichman%2C+Sylvia+J%3BTran%2C+Duc%3BBarry%2C+Terrell+A&rft.aulast=Goh&rft.aufirst=Kean&rft.date=1993-09-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=333&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101156 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atrazine; California; chemical analysis; chemical composition; ELISA; Fresno County California; ground water; hazardous waste; herbicides; immunoassays; leaching; Los Angeles County California; monitoring; organic compounds; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; regulations; simazine; soils; statistical analysis; triazines; Tulare County California; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ lead immobilization by apatite AN - 50154708; 1995-032089 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Ma, Qi Ying AU - Traina, Samuel J AU - Logan, Terry J AU - Ryan, James A Y1 - 1993/09// PY - 1993 DA - September 1993 SP - 1803 EP - 1810 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 27 IS - 9 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - soils KW - apatite KW - concentration KW - hydroxylapatite KW - in situ KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - pollutants KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - lead KW - phosphates KW - migration of elements KW - aqueous solutions KW - remediation KW - metals KW - ion exchange KW - SEM data KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50154708?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=In+situ+lead+immobilization+by+apatite&rft.au=Ma%2C+Qi+Ying%3BTraina%2C+Samuel+J%3BLogan%2C+Terry+J%3BRyan%2C+James+A&rft.aulast=Ma&rft.aufirst=Qi&rft.date=1993-09-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1803&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - apatite; aqueous solutions; concentration; hydroxylapatite; in situ; ion exchange; lead; metals; migration of elements; phosphates; pollutants; pollution; remediation; SEM data; soil treatment; soils; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - ELISA Regulatory Application: Compliance Monitoring of Simazine and Atrazine in California Soils AN - 19156247; 9310341 AB - As part of California's groundwater protection program, all uses of atrazine and non-crop uses of simazine have been prohibited in zones which are considered sensitive to groundwater pollution. In order to monitor compliance with these prohibitions, a systematic soil-sampling program has been implemented. A study was conducted to evaluate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as compared to gas chromatography (GC) for the analysis of atrazine and simazine residues in soil samples taken for routine compliance monitoring. During 1991-92, samples were randomly selected for split GC and ELISA analyses. Soil samples were extracted with ethanol/water and filtered. To run the double-antibody haptenated enzyme competitive inhibition ELISA, microtiter plates were coated with affinity-purified goat anti-mouse antibody. The plates were then coated with hybridoma culture fluid with monoclonal mouse anti-atrazine antibodies. Standard or sample was added to each microtiter well, followed by horseradish simazine/hapten conjugate enzyme tracer. Color development was obtained by adding tetramethylbenzadine substrate buffer to each well. Absorbances were measured at 450-650 nm. The method detection level for ELISA was 15 ppb and average recovery was determined to be greater than 90%. The study demonstrated that ELISA is a valid and rapid analytical tool for regulatory compliance monitoring. Only samples potentially in violation need be definitively confirmed by a second method using GC and mass spectrometry. (Shidler-PTT) JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology BECTA6, Vol. 51, No. 3, p 333-340, Sep 1993. 3 fig, 1 tab, 11 ref. AU - Goh, K S AU - Weaver, D J AU - Hsu, J AU - Richman, S J AU - Tran, D AD - California Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Pesticide Regulation, Environmental Monitoring and Pest Management Branch, 1220 N Street, Sacramento, CA 95814 Y1 - 1993/09// PY - 1993 DA - Sep 1993 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - *Analytical methods KW - *Atrazine KW - *Groundwater protection KW - *Immunoassay KW - *Monitoring KW - *Pesticides KW - *Pollutant identification KW - *Simazine KW - California KW - Colorimetry KW - Compliance KW - Culturing techniques KW - Detection limits KW - Enzyme activity KW - Gas chromatography KW - Mass spectrometry KW - Performance evaluation KW - Pesticide residues KW - Regulations KW - Soil contamination KW - Soil tests KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19156247?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=ELISA+Regulatory+Application%3A+Compliance+Monitoring+of+Simazine+and+Atrazine+in+California+Soils&rft.au=Goh%2C+K+S%3BWeaver%2C+D+J%3BHsu%2C+J%3BRichman%2C+S+J%3BTran%2C+D&rft.aulast=Goh&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1993-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bacterial growth efficiency on natural dissolved organic matter AN - 1808648331; PQ0003340445 AB - Bacterial growth efficiency was examined in batch cultures and continuous flow cultures by inoculating natural assemblages of pelagic bacteria from different localities into particle-free water. Growth efficiencies were determined from direct measurements of particulate organic carbon (POC) produced and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) used. On average, 6% of the DOC was consumed during growth in batch cultures. Depending on sampling locality, the DOC consumed was converted to bacterial biomass with efficiencies ranging from 26 to 61%. The efficiency did not correlate with either concentration of DOC or temperature. In continuous flow cultures, growth efficiency increased progressively with increasing ammonium concentration but decreased with increasing substrate C : N ratio. These results suggest that the C : N ratio of the bacterial substrate can be a major determinant of bacterial growth efficiency and that differences in growth efficiency between sampling stations can be attributed to differences in the concentration of usable N in the substrate. JF - Limnology and Oceanography AU - Kroer, Niels AD - Technical Resources, Inc, c/o US EPA, Sabine Island, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561. Y1 - 1993/09// PY - 1993 DA - September 1993 SP - 1282 EP - 1290 PB - Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography VL - 38 IS - 6 SN - 0024-3590, 0024-3590 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Dissolved Solids KW - Particulate organic carbon KW - Limnology KW - Batch culture KW - Growth KW - Carbon KW - Substrates KW - Sampling KW - Geographical variations KW - Dissolved organic carbon KW - Continuous Flow KW - Ammonium compounds KW - Temperature effects KW - Marine KW - Bacteria KW - Ammonium KW - dissolved organic matter KW - Organic Carbon KW - Oceanography KW - Biomass KW - Dissolved organic matter KW - Cultures KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0810:General KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08481:Productivity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808648331?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Limnology+and+Oceanography&rft.atitle=Bacterial+growth+efficiency+on+natural+dissolved+organic+matter&rft.au=Kroer%2C+Niels&rft.aulast=Kroer&rft.aufirst=Niels&rft.date=1993-09-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1282&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Limnology+and+Oceanography&rft.issn=00243590&rft_id=info:doi/10.4319%2Flo.1993.38.6.1282 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Particulate organic carbon; Growth; Dissolved organic matter; Dissolved organic carbon; Ammonium compounds; Batch culture; Ammonium; Carbon; dissolved organic matter; Geographical variations; Sampling; Biomass; Dissolved Solids; Organic Carbon; Substrates; Cultures; Limnology; Oceanography; Continuous Flow; Bacteria; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.1993.38.6.1282 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of dopaminergic drugs on working and reference memory in rats. AN - 76004727; 8105486 AB - Changes in dopaminergic function have been associated with alterations in motor and cognitive function in man and in animals. This study was designed to assess the effects of dopaminergic drugs on these aspects of conditioned behavior in animals. Male Long-Evans rats were trained to perform an appetitive operant task that allowed daily quantification of working memory (accuracy of spatial delayed nonmatching-to-position), reference memory (accuracy of visual discrimination) and motor function [choice lever-press latency and nosepoke interresponse time (IRT) during delay]. The indirect dopamine agonist d-amphetamine (0.3-1.0 mg/kg) reduced nonmatching accuracy without significantly affecting discrimination accuracy, response latency, or nosepoke IRT. The D2/D3 agonist quinpirole (0.01-0.056 mg/kg) also decreased nonmatching accuracy without changing discrimination accuracy, but increased choice response latency and nosepoke IRT as well. The D1 agonist SKF 38393 (1.0-3.0 mg/kg) and the D1 antagonist SCH 23390 (0.01-0.03 mg/kg) only affected nosepoke IRT, at doses below those causing response failure. The D2 antagonist raclopride (0.056-0.177 mg/kg) exerted no significant effects at doses that did not suppress responding completely. The selective reduction of nonmatching accuracy by d-amphetamine and quinpirole indicates a mnemonic impairment specific to working memory (relative to reference memory). These results suggest further 1) that stimulation of D2/D3, but not D1, receptors may account for the d-amphetamine-induced deficit in working memory; 2) that stimulation of D2/D3 receptors alone by quinpirole may also impair spatial working memory, but only in conjunction with motor slowing; and 3) that antagonism of either receptor type (by SCH 23390 or raclopride) does not significantly affect memory at doses causing motor slowing and response failure. JF - Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior AU - Bushnell, P J AU - Levin, E D AD - Neurotoxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1993/08// PY - 1993 DA - August 1993 SP - 765 EP - 776 VL - 45 IS - 4 SN - 0091-3057, 0091-3057 KW - Benzazepines KW - 0 KW - Dopamine Agents KW - Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists KW - Ergolines KW - Salicylamides KW - Quinpirole KW - 20OP60125T KW - Raclopride KW - 430K3SOZ7G KW - 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine KW - 67287-49-4 KW - Dextroamphetamine KW - TZ47U051FI KW - Index Medicus KW - Conditioning, Operant -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Benzazepines -- pharmacology KW - Discrimination (Psychology) -- drug effects KW - Ergolines -- pharmacology KW - 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine -- pharmacology KW - Dextroamphetamine -- pharmacology KW - Rats KW - Psychomotor Performance -- drug effects KW - Salicylamides -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - Memory -- drug effects KW - Dopamine Agents -- pharmacology KW - Memory, Short-Term -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76004727?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacology%2C+biochemistry%2C+and+behavior&rft.atitle=Effects+of+dopaminergic+drugs+on+working+and+reference+memory+in+rats.&rft.au=Bushnell%2C+P+J%3BLevin%2C+E+D&rft.aulast=Bushnell&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1993-08-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=765&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacology%2C+biochemistry%2C+and+behavior&rft.issn=00913057&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-10-26 N1 - Date created - 1993-10-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Behavioral and neurochemical effects of acute chlorpyrifos in rats: tolerance to prolonged inhibition of cholinesterase. AN - 75916741; 7689099 AB - The preponderance of studies of tolerance to organophosphate (OP) cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitors indicates that functional recovery accompanies neurochemical compensations for the inhibited enzyme. Contrary to prediction, rats dosed with the OP diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) showed progressive and persistent impairment of cognitive and motor function over a 3-week period of daily exposure, despite neurochemical and pharmacological evidence of tolerance to its inhibition of ChE. To determine whether these functional effects of DFP resulted from inhibition of ChE and downregulation of muscarinic cholinergic receptors, rats were dosed with chlorpyrifos (CPF), an OP pesticide which inhibits blood and brain ChE of rats for weeks after a single injection. Long-Evans rats were trained to perform an appetitive test of memory and motor function and were then injected s.c. with 0, 60, 125 or 250 mg/kg of CPF in peanut oil and tested 5 days/week for 7 weeks. Unconditioned behavior was also rated for signs of cholinergic toxicity. CPF inhibited ChE activity in whole blood in a dose-related manner for more than 53 days. The degree and time course of ChE inhibition in blood and brain and the downregulation of muscarinic receptors in brain after 125 mg/kg of CPF closely paralleled the previously reported effects of 25 daily injections of 0.2 mg/kg of DFP. In addition, CPF-treated rats were subsensitive to oxotremorine-induced hypothermia for at least 32 days after CPF. However, functional deficits (in working memory and motor function) appeared within 2 days after injection of CPF and recovered within 3 weeks, long before ChE activity and receptor density returned to control levels. Thus, the effects of CPF were neither progressive nor as persistent as those seen during daily DFP injections. This difference suggests that the DFP-induced behavioral changes observed previously cannot be attributed entirely to its effects on ChE activity and changes in [3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate binding. JF - The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics AU - Bushnell, P J AU - Pope, C N AU - Padilla, S AD - Neurotoxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Y1 - 1993/08// PY - 1993 DA - August 1993 SP - 1007 EP - 1017 VL - 266 IS - 2 SN - 0022-3565, 0022-3565 KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Muscarinic KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - JCS58I644W KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Drug Tolerance KW - Animals KW - Receptors, Muscarinic -- analysis KW - Cognition -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Muscarinic -- drug effects KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Conditioning (Psychology) -- drug effects KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Brain Chemistry -- drug effects KW - Chlorpyrifos -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75916741?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.atitle=Behavioral+and+neurochemical+effects+of+acute+chlorpyrifos+in+rats%3A+tolerance+to+prolonged+inhibition+of+cholinesterase.&rft.au=Bushnell%2C+P+J%3BPope%2C+C+N%3BPadilla%2C+S&rft.aulast=Bushnell&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1993-08-01&rft.volume=266&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1007&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.issn=00223565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-09-17 N1 - Date created - 1993-09-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gap junction function and cancer. AN - 75860734; 8393376 AB - Gap junctions (GJs) provide cell-to-cell communication of essential metabolites and ions. GJs allow tissues to average responses, clear waste products, and minimize the effects of xenobiotics by dilution and allowing steady-state catabolism. Many chemicals can adversely affect the membrane GJ assembly causing reversible alterations in GJ intercellular communication. During toxicity essential metabolites, ions, and regulators are not shared homeostatically throughout a tissue community. Alterations in metabolic circuits are thought to interrupt organ integration. Persistent GJ perturbation can cause chronic effects (e.g., cancer), and many tumor promoters inhibit GJ intercellular communication. Liver precancerous foci intracommunicate (but at a reduced level) and intercommunicate improperly (or not at all) across the foci boundary to normal cells. In time, foci can become less regulated and more isolated within the tissue. GJs remain reduced quantitatively in the tumor progression stage and may be qualitatively altered in metastasis since connections are made between the primary tumor cells and foreign host cells at the secondary metastatic site. Cell sorting and binding mechanisms by the cell adhesion molecules and integrins may also be altered at secondary sites. This may allow the relocation of primary tumor cells and nurturance via GJs at the secondary site. JF - Cancer research AU - Holder, J W AU - Elmore, E AU - Barrett, J C AD - Genetic Toxicology Assessment Branch, EPA, Washington, DC 20460. Y1 - 1993/08/01/ PY - 1993 DA - 1993 Aug 01 SP - 3475 EP - 3485 VL - 53 IS - 15 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Connexins KW - 0 KW - Membrane Proteins KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Neoplasm Metastasis KW - Cell Communication KW - Membrane Proteins -- physiology KW - Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Intercellular Junctions -- physiology KW - Intercellular Junctions -- drug effects KW - Neoplasms -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75860734?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Gap+junction+function+and+cancer.&rft.au=Holder%2C+J+W%3BElmore%2C+E%3BBarrett%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Holder&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-08-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=3475&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-09-02 N1 - Date created - 1993-09-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Shoreline and streambank erosion as a contributor of NPS pollution; an EPA perspective AN - 52824641; 1996-057763 JF - Miscellaneous Paper W (Vicksburg, Miss.) AU - Zabawa, Christopher F AU - Ratcliffe, Susan AU - Hochheimer, John N A2 - Allen, Hollis H. A2 - Tingle, John L. Y1 - 1993/08// PY - 1993 DA - August 1993 SP - 79 EP - 94 PB - U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS KW - water quality KW - erosion KW - pollutants KW - runoff KW - shorelines KW - pollution KW - turbidity KW - effects KW - nonpoint sources KW - possibilities KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52824641?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Miscellaneous+Paper+W+%28Vicksburg%2C+Miss.%29&rft.atitle=Shoreline+and+streambank+erosion+as+a+contributor+of+NPS+pollution%3B+an+EPA+perspective&rft.au=Zabawa%2C+Christopher+F%3BRatcliffe%2C+Susan%3BHochheimer%2C+John+N&rft.aulast=Zabawa&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=1993-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Miscellaneous+Paper+W+%28Vicksburg%2C+Miss.%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - U.S. Army Corps of Engineers workshop on Reservoir shoreline erosion; a national problem N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - PubXState - MS N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03371 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - effects; erosion; nonpoint sources; pollutants; pollution; possibilities; runoff; shorelines; turbidity; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The costs associated with shoreline erosion on Illinois lakes and reservoirs AN - 52823970; 1996-057761 JF - Miscellaneous Paper W (Vicksburg, Miss.) AU - Good, Gregg A2 - Allen, Hollis H. A2 - Tingle, John L. Y1 - 1993/08// PY - 1993 DA - August 1993 SP - 63 EP - 70 PB - U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS KW - United States KW - water quality KW - lacustrine features KW - controls KW - reservoirs KW - Illinois KW - erosion KW - lakes KW - water management KW - shorelines KW - economics KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52823970?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Miscellaneous+Paper+W+%28Vicksburg%2C+Miss.%29&rft.atitle=The+costs+associated+with+shoreline+erosion+on+Illinois+lakes+and+reservoirs&rft.au=Good%2C+Gregg&rft.aulast=Good&rft.aufirst=Gregg&rft.date=1993-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Miscellaneous+Paper+W+%28Vicksburg%2C+Miss.%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - U.S. Army Corps of Engineers workshop on Reservoir shoreline erosion; a national problem N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - MS N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03371 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - controls; economics; erosion; Illinois; lacustrine features; lakes; reservoirs; shorelines; United States; water management; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon balance of the continuous permafrost zone of Russia AN - 51905546; 2004-004449 JF - Climate Research AU - Kolchugina, Tatyana P AU - Vinson, Ted S A2 - Henderson, Sandra A2 - Dixon, Robert K. Y1 - 1993/08// PY - 1993 DA - August 1993 SP - 13 EP - 21 PB - Inter-Research, Oldendorf/Luhe VL - 3 IS - 1-2 SN - 0936-577X, 0936-577X KW - soils KW - land cover KW - permafrost KW - Arctic region KW - global change KW - Russian Federation KW - Russian Arctic KW - vegetation KW - climate change KW - geochemical cycle KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - mass balance KW - carbon KW - carbon cycle KW - chemical composition KW - active layer KW - global warming KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51905546?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climate+Research&rft.atitle=Carbon+balance+of+the+continuous+permafrost+zone+of+Russia&rft.au=Kolchugina%2C+Tatyana+P%3BVinson%2C+Ted+S&rft.aulast=Kolchugina&rft.aufirst=Tatyana&rft.date=1993-08-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climate+Research&rft.issn=0936577X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.int-res.com/journals/cr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - active layer; Arctic region; carbon; carbon cycle; chemical composition; climate change; Commonwealth of Independent States; geochemical cycle; global change; global warming; land cover; mass balance; permafrost; Russian Arctic; Russian Federation; soils; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Management of the terrestrial biosphere to sequester atmospheric CO (sub 2) AN - 51903342; 2004-004448 JF - Climate Research A2 - Henderson, Sandra A2 - Dixon, Robert K. Y1 - 1993/08// PY - 1993 DA - August 1993 SP - 140 PB - Inter-Research, Oldendorf/Luhe VL - 3 IS - 1-2 SN - 0936-577X, 0936-577X KW - biosphere KW - atmosphere KW - ecology KW - chemical composition KW - carbon dioxide KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51903342?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1993-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Management+of+the+terrestrial+biosphere+to+sequester+atmospheric+CO+%28sub+2%29&rft.title=Management+of+the+terrestrial+biosphere+to+sequester+atmospheric+CO+%28sub+2%29&rft.issn=0936577X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.int-res.com/journals/cr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. tables, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; biosphere; carbon dioxide; chemical composition; ecology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The North American landscape characterization Landsat Pathfinder Project AN - 51063120; 1995-043253 JF - Proceedings of the Annual William T. Pecora Memorial Symposium on Remote Sensing AU - Lunetta, Ross S AU - Sturdevant, James A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1993/08// PY - 1993 DA - August 1993 SP - 363 EP - 371 PB - [publisher unknown], [Washington, DC] VL - 12 SN - 0278-3878, 0278-3878 KW - digital data KW - imagery KW - data processing KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - landforms KW - vegetation KW - carbon dioxide KW - data bases KW - multispectral scanner KW - programs KW - North America KW - methane KW - nitrous oxide KW - standardization KW - alkanes KW - satellite methods KW - organic compounds KW - Landsat KW - environment KW - identification KW - classification KW - hydrocarbons KW - accuracy KW - remote sensing KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51063120?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Annual+William+T.+Pecora+Memorial+Symposium+on+Remote+Sensing&rft.atitle=The+North+American+landscape+characterization+Landsat+Pathfinder+Project&rft.au=Lunetta%2C+Ross+S%3BSturdevant%2C+James+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lunetta&rft.aufirst=Ross&rft.date=1993-08-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=&rft.spage=363&rft.isbn=1570830142&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Annual+William+T.+Pecora+Memorial+Symposium+on+Remote+Sensing&rft.issn=02783878&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Pecora 12 symposium on Land information from space-based systems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - DC] N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; carbon dioxide; classification; data bases; data processing; digital data; environment; hydrocarbons; identification; imagery; landforms; Landsat; methane; multispectral scanner; nitrous oxide; North America; organic compounds; programs; remote sensing; satellite methods; standardization; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimizing bioventing in shallow vadose zones and cold climates AN - 51005621; 2008-092991 AB - This paper describes a bioventing study design and initial activities applied to a JP-4 jet fuel spill at Eielson Air Force Base, Alaska. The primary objectives of the project were to investigate the feasibility of using bioventing technology to remediate JP-4 jet fuel contamination in a sub-arctic environment and to determine to what degree the biodegradation rate of JP-4 soil contaminants could be enhanced by increasing soil temperature, both actively by circulating heated groundwater and passively by utilizing solar energy. Biodegradation rates at the bioventing site remained relatively high during the winter months in the active-warming test plot and were consistently higher than those observed in the passive-warming and control test plots. These studies suggest that an active-warming system operated in conjunction with bioventing is a useful method for remediating fuel-contaminated areas in cold climates. JF - Hydrological Sciences Journal = Journal des Sciences Hydrologiques AU - Leeson, Andrea AU - Hinchee, Robert E AU - Kittel, Jeff AU - Sayles, Greg AU - Vogel, Catherine M AU - Miller, Ross N A2 - Lesage, Suzanne Y1 - 1993/08// PY - 1993 DA - August 1993 SP - 283 EP - 295 PB - International Association of Hydrological Sciences, Wallingford VL - 38 IS - 4 SN - 0262-6667, 0262-6667 KW - United States KW - terrestrial environment KW - permafrost KW - soil vapor extraction KW - unsaturated zone KW - temperature KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - East-Central Alaska KW - water pollution KW - Fairbanks Alaska KW - biodegradation KW - in situ KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - rates KW - Eielson Air Force Base KW - bioremediation KW - boreal environment KW - organic compounds KW - bioventing KW - soil pollution KW - hydrocarbons KW - Alaska KW - soil gases KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51005621?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrological+Sciences+Journal+%3D+Journal+des+Sciences+Hydrologiques&rft.atitle=Optimizing+bioventing+in+shallow+vadose+zones+and+cold+climates&rft.au=Leeson%2C+Andrea%3BHinchee%2C+Robert+E%3BKittel%2C+Jeff%3BSayles%2C+Greg%3BVogel%2C+Catherine+M%3BMiller%2C+Ross+N&rft.aulast=Leeson&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rft.date=1993-08-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrological+Sciences+Journal+%3D+Journal+des+Sciences+Hydrologiques&rft.issn=02626667&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t911751996~db=all LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - In-situ bioremediation symposium '92 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sect., sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; biodegradation; bioremediation; bioventing; boreal environment; East-Central Alaska; Eielson Air Force Base; Fairbanks Alaska; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; optimization; organic compounds; permafrost; pollution; rates; remediation; soil gases; soil pollution; soil vapor extraction; temperature; terrestrial environment; United States; unsaturated zone; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The 1991 rock slides in Randa; causes and consequences AN - 50273266; 1994-013030 JF - Landslide News AU - Gotz, A AU - Zimmermann, M Y1 - 1993/08// PY - 1993 DA - August 1993 SP - 22 EP - 25 PB - Japan Landslide Society, Tokyo VL - 7 SN - 0919-5629, 0919-5629 KW - Vispa River KW - precursors KW - Mattertel KW - magnitude KW - Europe KW - Switzerland KW - Dorfbach River KW - engineering geology KW - Central Europe KW - mass movements KW - Randa Switzerland KW - slope stability KW - rockslides KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50273266?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Landslide+News&rft.atitle=The+1991+rock+slides+in+Randa%3B+causes+and+consequences&rft.au=Gotz%2C+A%3BZimmermann%2C+M&rft.aulast=Gotz&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1993-08-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=22&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Landslide+News&rft.issn=09195629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/browse/jls LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Central Europe; Dorfbach River; engineering geology; Europe; magnitude; mass movements; Mattertel; precursors; Randa Switzerland; rockslides; slope stability; Switzerland; Vispa River ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sea-water intrusion in the coastal area of Laizhou Bay, China; 1, Distribution of sea-water intrusion and its hydrochemical characteristics AN - 50110794; 1995-063832 JF - Ground Water AU - Xue, Yuqun AU - Wu, Jichun AU - Liu, Peimin AU - Wang, Jianji AU - Jiang, Qingbo AU - Shi, Hongwen Y1 - 1993/08// PY - 1993 DA - August 1993 SP - 532 EP - 537 PB - National Water Well Association, Ground-Water Technology Division, Urbana, IL VL - 31 IS - 4 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - Far East KW - salt-water intrusion KW - hydrochemistry KW - distribution KW - Laizhou Bay KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - recharge KW - coastal environment KW - discharge KW - Asia KW - geochemistry KW - China KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50110794?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Sea-water+intrusion+in+the+coastal+area+of+Laizhou+Bay%2C+China%3B+1%2C+Distribution+of+sea-water+intrusion+and+its+hydrochemical+characteristics&rft.au=Xue%2C+Yuqun%3BWu%2C+Jichun%3BLiu%2C+Peimin%3BWang%2C+Jianji%3BJiang%2C+Qingbo%3BShi%2C+Hongwen&rft.aulast=Xue&rft.aufirst=Yuqun&rft.date=1993-08-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=532&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., 3 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Asia; China; coastal environment; discharge; distribution; Far East; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; Laizhou Bay; recharge; salt-water intrusion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hazardous combustion products from municipal waste incineration. AN - 76151785; 8272981 AB - Metropolitan areas are experiencing waste management problems due to the considerable volume of municipal waste generated and the limited space for landfills. Some communities are including incineration as part of their waste management strategy. Incineration is the destruction of materials by the controlled application of heat and is a chemically complex process that leads to the de novo formation of a large number of compounds, many of which have known toxicologic properties. This article explores some of the de novo toxicants formed during incineration of municipal waste and hazardous waste. JF - Occupational medicine (Philadelphia, Pa.) AU - Marty, M A AD - Air Toxicology and Epidemiology Section, California Environmental Protection Agency Berkeley. PY - 1993 SP - 603 EP - 620 VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 0885-114X, 0885-114X KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Hazardous Waste KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Occupational Exposure -- statistics & numerical data KW - Environmental Exposure -- statistics & numerical data KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Female KW - Hazardous Waste -- analysis KW - Incineration -- instrumentation KW - Garbage KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76151785?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Occupational+medicine+%28Philadelphia%2C+Pa.%29&rft.atitle=Hazardous+combustion+products+from+municipal+waste+incineration.&rft.au=Marty%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Marty&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=603&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Occupational+medicine+%28Philadelphia%2C+Pa.%29&rft.issn=0885114X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-01-31 N1 - Date created - 1994-01-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental transformation of toxic metals. AN - 76139114; 8272980 AB - Because toxicity varies enormously with the chemical state of metals, transformations in the environment control the level of the human health hazard. Important transformation processes include adsorption and desorption from soils and sediments, oxidation and reduction (redox) reactions, biotic metabolism, formation of organic metal compounds, and bioaccumulation. The six metals detailed in this chapter--arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, and selenium--were chosen because of their toxicity, frequency of occurrence at hazardous waste sites, and involvement in environmental contamination. JF - Occupational medicine (Philadelphia, Pa.) AU - Wade, M J AU - Davis, B K AU - Carlisle, J S AU - Klein, A K AU - Valoppi, L M AD - Department of Toxic Substances Control, California Environmental Protection Agency Sacramento 95812-0806. PY - 1993 SP - 574 EP - 601 VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 0885-114X, 0885-114X KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Metals KW - Index Medicus KW - Ecosystem KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Biological Availability KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Metals -- chemistry KW - Environmental Pollution KW - Metals -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76139114?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Occupational+medicine+%28Philadelphia%2C+Pa.%29&rft.atitle=Environmental+transformation+of+toxic+metals.&rft.au=Wade%2C+M+J%3BDavis%2C+B+K%3BCarlisle%2C+J+S%3BKlein%2C+A+K%3BValoppi%2C+L+M&rft.aulast=Wade&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=574&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Occupational+medicine+%28Philadelphia%2C+Pa.%29&rft.issn=0885114X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-01-31 N1 - Date created - 1994-01-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reducing the risks from radon. AN - 75951952; 8369111 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency estimates that residential radon levels in the United States lead to approximately 13,600 lung cancer deaths per year. To address this problem, the Agency has identified three program initiatives that can provide substantial reductions in the public's risks: (1) public information activities that urge the public to test for radon and reduce elevated concentrations in existing homes, (2) new construction standards to reduce radon entry, and (3) radon testing and mitigation during real estate transactions. This paper analyzes the costs and risk reductions that could result from the implementation of these major initiatives, showing how all three elements cost-effectively protect the public's health. JF - Air & waste : journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Marcinowski, F AU - Napolitano, S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1993/07// PY - 1993 DA - July 1993 SP - 955 EP - 962 VL - 43 IS - 7 SN - 1073-161X, 1073-161X KW - Radon KW - Q74S4N8N1G KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Cost-Benefit Analysis KW - Construction Materials -- standards KW - Lung Neoplasms -- prevention & control KW - Radon -- analysis KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Lung Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Radon -- adverse effects KW - Health Education KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75951952?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Air+%26+waste+%3A+journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Reducing+the+risks+from+radon.&rft.au=Marcinowski%2C+F%3BNapolitano%2C+S&rft.aulast=Marcinowski&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=955&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Air+%26+waste+%3A+journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=1073161X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-10-14 N1 - Date created - 1993-10-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Ozone Epidemiology Research Program: a strategy for assessing the effects of ambient ozone exposure upon morbidity in exposed populations. AN - 75948645; 8369110 AB - The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 mandate a future reduction of ambient ozone levels in many areas of the country, the cost of which will be great. In order to assess the current public health burden of ambient ozone exposure and to provide information for assessment of potential health benefits of improved air quality, the Health Effects Research Laboratory of the U.S. EPA has undertaken an Ozone Epidemiology Research Program. The research strategy which will guide this scientific program is described in this paper. Criteria for selection of important research questions as well as issues which cut across all questions and study designs are discussed. In particular, this program emphasizes the study of effects which reflect morbidity in the population. The three questions identified as being of most immediate importance involve the relationship of short-term ambient ozone exposure to acute respiratory illness, the relationship of recurrent exposure to chronic respiratory disease, and the relationship of recurrent exposure to development of acute respiratory illness. Specific research approaches and initial projects to address these three questions are described. JF - Air & waste : journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - McDonnell, W F AU - Zenick, H AU - Hayes, C G AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Y1 - 1993/07// PY - 1993 DA - July 1993 SP - 950 EP - 954 VL - 43 IS - 7 SN - 1073-161X, 1073-161X KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - Child KW - Research KW - Morbidity KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- etiology KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Ozone -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75948645?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Air+%26+waste+%3A+journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=U.S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency%27s+Ozone+Epidemiology+Research+Program%3A+a+strategy+for+assessing+the+effects+of+ambient+ozone+exposure+upon+morbidity+in+exposed+populations.&rft.au=McDonnell%2C+W+F%3BZenick%2C+H%3BHayes%2C+C+G&rft.aulast=McDonnell&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=950&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Air+%26+waste+%3A+journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=1073161X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-10-14 N1 - Date created - 1993-10-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methoxyacetaldehyde, an intermediate metabolite of 2-methoxyethanol, is immunosuppressive in the rat. AN - 75940050; 8365577 AB - 2-Methoxyethanol (ME) is metabolized to 2-methoxyacetic acid (MAA) via the intermediate metabolite methoxyacetaldehyde (MAAD). Both ME and MAA have been shown in this laboratory to be immunosuppressive in rats following oral dosing. In this study, the plaque-forming cell (PFC) response to trinitrophenyl-lipopolysaccharide (TNP-LPS) was used to determine if MAAD is immunosuppressive in rats. Rats pretreated with the aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitors disulfiram (2 mmol/kg) or cyanamide (0.48 mmol/kg) followed by oral dosing with ME (2.64 mmol/kg) resulted in suppressed PFC responses equivalent to the suppressed responses of rats dosed with ME alone. Rats pretreated with disulfiram and then dosed with 2.64 mmol/kg 2-methoxyethyl acetate (MEA), also resulted in suppressed PFC responses similar to that of MEA alone. In contrast, coadministration of the alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor 4-methylpyrazole (1.2 mmol/kg) with ME or MEA blocked suppression of the PFC response following exposure to ME or MEA alone. Oral dosing with equimolar (2.64 mmol/kg) concentrations of ME, MAA, or MAAD resulted in equivalent suppression of the TNP-LPS PFC response. Rats exposed to either disulfiram or cyanamide and MAAD also resulted in suppression of the PFC response. These results indicate that metabolism of ME to either MAAD or MAA is required for immunosuppression, and that these two metabolites are equipotent immunosuppressants in the rat. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Smialowicz, R J AU - Riddle, M M AU - Williams, W C AD - Environmental Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1993/07// PY - 1993 DA - July 1993 SP - 1 EP - 7 VL - 21 IS - 1 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Ethylene Glycols KW - 0 KW - Lipopolysaccharides KW - Pyrazoles KW - Solvents KW - trinitrophenyl-lipopolysaccharide KW - Cyanamide KW - 420-04-2 KW - 2-methoxyacetaldehyde KW - 5G4O7K64WA KW - fomepizole KW - 83LCM6L2BY KW - Alcohol Dehydrogenase KW - EC 1.1.1.1 KW - methyl cellosolve KW - EK1L6XWI56 KW - Acetaldehyde KW - GO1N1ZPR3B KW - Disulfiram KW - TR3MLJ1UAI KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Pyrazoles -- toxicity KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Lipopolysaccharides -- immunology KW - Cyanamide -- pharmacology KW - Solvents -- metabolism KW - Alcohol Dehydrogenase -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Disulfiram -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - Antibody Formation -- drug effects KW - Acetaldehyde -- analogs & derivatives KW - Immune Tolerance -- drug effects KW - Ethylene Glycols -- metabolism KW - Ethylene Glycols -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Acetaldehyde -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75940050?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Methoxyacetaldehyde%2C+an+intermediate+metabolite+of+2-methoxyethanol%2C+is+immunosuppressive+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Smialowicz%2C+R+J%3BRiddle%2C+M+M%3BWilliams%2C+W+C&rft.aulast=Smialowicz&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-10-05 N1 - Date created - 1993-10-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Extraction of DNA from cryopreserved clotted human blood. AN - 75926004; 8363833 JF - BioTechniques AU - Everson, R B AU - Mass, M J AU - Gallagher, J E AU - Musser, C AU - Dalzell, J AD - Carcinogenesis and Metabolism Branch, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1993/07// PY - 1993 DA - July 1993 SP - 18 EP - 20 VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 0736-6205, 0736-6205 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Blood Coagulation KW - Blotting, Southern KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Hemolysis KW - Chemical Precipitation KW - DNA -- isolation & purification KW - DNA -- blood KW - Cryopreservation KW - Blood Preservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75926004?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioTechniques&rft.atitle=Extraction+of+DNA+from+cryopreserved+clotted+human+blood.&rft.au=Everson%2C+R+B%3BMass%2C+M+J%3BGallagher%2C+J+E%3BMusser%2C+C%3BDalzell%2C+J&rft.aulast=Everson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioTechniques&rft.issn=07366205&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-10-04 N1 - Date created - 1993-10-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The use of visual and chemosensory evoked potentials in environmental and occupational health. AN - 75829148; 8325262 AB - The application of visual (VEP) and chemosensory evoked potentials (CSEP) in occupational and environmental health is briefly reviewed. VEPs have been used extensively in experimental neurotoxicity and play an increasingly important role in human neurotoxicity testing. The similarity of VEP waveforms in different species renders them useful for cross-species extrapolation. CSEPs, used in conjunction with traditional psychophysical tests and rating scales, offer a promising new approach to the study of indoor air pollution. JF - Environmental research AU - Otto, D A AU - Hudnell, H K AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Y1 - 1993/07// PY - 1993 DA - July 1993 SP - 159 EP - 171 VL - 62 IS - 1 SN - 0013-9351, 0013-9351 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Nervous System -- physiopathology KW - Toxicology KW - Evoked Potentials -- drug effects KW - Evoked Potentials, Visual -- drug effects KW - Environmental Exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75829148?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+research&rft.atitle=The+use+of+visual+and+chemosensory+evoked+potentials+in+environmental+and+occupational+health.&rft.au=Otto%2C+D+A%3BHudnell%2C+H+K&rft.aulast=Otto&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+research&rft.issn=00139351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-08-11 N1 - Date created - 1993-08-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fossil tree casts in South Louisiana soils AN - 50338060; 1993-023536 AB - Cylindrical structures up to 70 cm or more in diameter and 100 cm or greater in depth are found in soils on upland landscapes in south Louisiana. The cylinders are in two stratigraphic units differing in age and lithology, the late Pliocene or early Pleistocene Citronelle Formation and the overlying Sicily Island Loess (thermoluminescence-dated at 75,000-95,000 B.P.). By morphology and stratigraphy we infer that the cylinders are fossil tree-root casts preserved by pedogenesis and diagenesis. The cylinders can be divided into circumferential zones including a reduced core and an indurated rim that are morphologically, physically, and chemically distinct from each other and from the surrounding soil. In the Citronelle Formation, the rim can be subdivided into an inner rim, a black hand, and an outer rim; a transition zone between the core and the rim also may be present. Differences in time of development and lithology have resulted in differences in the morphological, physical, and chemical properties of the cylinders, but their effects could not be separated. Our model for these tree-root casts explains how they were formed and preserved. JF - Journal of Sedimentary Petrology AU - Mossa, Joann AU - Schumacher, B A Y1 - 1993/07// PY - 1993 DA - July 1993 SP - 707 EP - 713 PB - Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Tulsa, OK VL - 63 IS - 4 SN - 0022-4472, 0022-4472 KW - United States KW - soils KW - Sicily Island Loess KW - Plantae KW - Quaternary KW - ichnofossils KW - Saint Helena Parish Louisiana KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - Tangipahoa Parish Louisiana KW - Cenozoic KW - Tertiary KW - tree casts KW - southern Louisiana KW - cylindrical structures KW - Neogene KW - Pliocene KW - Pleistocene KW - Louisiana KW - sedimentary structures KW - Citronelle Formation KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50338060?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Sedimentary+Petrology&rft.atitle=Fossil+tree+casts+in+South+Louisiana+soils&rft.au=Mossa%2C+Joann%3BSchumacher%2C+B+A&rft.aulast=Mossa&rft.aufirst=Joann&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=707&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Sedimentary+Petrology&rft.issn=00224472&rft_id=info:doi/10.1306%2FD4267BC2-2B26-11D7-8648000102C1865D L2 - http://jsedres.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JSEPAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; Citronelle Formation; cylindrical structures; Gulf Coastal Plain; ichnofossils; Louisiana; Neogene; Plantae; Pleistocene; Pliocene; Quaternary; Saint Helena Parish Louisiana; sedimentary structures; Sicily Island Loess; soils; southern Louisiana; Tangipahoa Parish Louisiana; Tertiary; tree casts; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/D4267BC2-2B26-11D7-8648000102C1865D ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potentiation of 2,6-dinitrotoluene genotoxicity in Fischer-344 rats by pretreatment with Aroclor 1254. AN - 75837611; 8327998 AB - Pretreatment of Fischer 344 rats for 5 weeks with Aroclor 1254, a commercial mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls, potentiated the genotoxicity of 2,6-dinitrotoluene (DNT), a component of an industrial chemical used in the production of polyurethane foams. This interaction resulted from Aroclor 1254-mediated bioactivation of DNT to markedly greater levels of the genotoxic metabolites, that were excreted in urine and formed DNA adducts in the liver. A significant increase in the excretion of mutagenic urinary DNT metabolites was observed after the first week of Aroclor 1254 treatment, peaked at week 2 and then declined by nearly 25% at week 4. Nevertheless, by week 5, there was almost a 4-fold increase in the formation of hepatic DNA adducts. Significantly elevated hepatic metabolism and increased beta-glucuronidase in the small intestine and cecum, at 4 weeks, may account for the increased adducts and decreased urinary mutagens. Altered nitroreductase activity, reduced pH, and changes in the microfloral population may also play a role in the effect of Aroclor 1254 on the bioactivation of DNT. Such chemical interactions could be important to predictive risk assessment because the overall cancer risk of the mixture would exceed that determined by the current guidelines for chemical mixtures. JF - Toxicology AU - Chadwick, R W AU - George, S E AU - Kohan, M J AU - Williams, R W AU - Allison, J C AU - Hayes, Y O AU - Chang, J AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1993/06/11/ PY - 1993 DA - 1993 Jun 11 SP - 153 EP - 171 VL - 80 IS - 2-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Aroclors KW - 0 KW - Dinitrobenzenes KW - Mutagens KW - Chlorodiphenyl (54% Chlorine) KW - 11097-69-1 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - 2,6-dinitrotoluene KW - GG7FAV92MK KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cecum -- drug effects KW - Streptococcus -- isolation & purification KW - Bacteroides -- isolation & purification KW - Intestine, Small -- microbiology KW - Cecum -- enzymology KW - DNA -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Biotransformation KW - Bifidobacterium -- isolation & purification KW - Intestine, Small -- drug effects KW - Drug Synergism KW - Lactobacillus -- isolation & purification KW - Cecum -- microbiology KW - Male KW - Intestine, Small -- enzymology KW - Dinitrobenzenes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Aroclors -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- pharmacokinetics KW - Dinitrobenzenes -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75837611?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Potentiation+of+2%2C6-dinitrotoluene+genotoxicity+in+Fischer-344+rats+by+pretreatment+with+Aroclor+1254.&rft.au=Chadwick%2C+R+W%3BGeorge%2C+S+E%3BKohan%2C+M+J%3BWilliams%2C+R+W%3BAllison%2C+J+C%3BHayes%2C+Y+O%3BChang%2C+J&rft.aulast=Chadwick&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-06-11&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-08-06 N1 - Date created - 1993-08-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analytical procedures and quality assurance criteria for the determination of major and minor deoxynucleosides in fish tissue DNA by liquid chromatography-ultraviolet spectroscopy and liquid chromatography-thermospray mass spectrometry. AN - 75854368; 7687606 AB - Analytical procedures and quality assurance criteria have been established for enzymatic hydrolysis of fish tissue DNA to free nucleosides and their subsequent characterization by liquid chromatography-photodiode-array ultraviolet spectroscopy and liquid chromatography-thermospray mass spectrometry. Optimization of enzymatic efficiency to assure minimal loss of modified nucleosides is described. Variability in analyte capacity factors and multiwavelength response have been compared for analyte standards and hydrolysates, and results have been used to derive qualitative and quantitative quality assurance criteria. A comparison of DNA mole percent calculated using single-wavelength quantification and multiwavelength averaging quantification indicates that less variability in data may be expected using the multiwavelength technique. Finally, the composition of DNA from liver of three species of fish widely used in mutagen/carcinogen laboratory and field studies, rainbow trout (Onchorynchus mykiss), medaka (Oryzias latipes), and brown bullhead (Ictalurus nebulosus), has been determined. Identification of deoxyuridine in the DNA hydrolysates of each fish indicates that this analyte should be measured to accurately report DNA deoxynucleoside mole percent, especially when reporting data for the methylation of deoxycytidine. JF - Journal of chromatography AU - Serrano, J AU - Kuehl, D W AU - Naumann, S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, MN 55804. Y1 - 1993/06/02/ PY - 1993 DA - 1993 Jun 02 SP - 203 EP - 213 VL - 615 IS - 2 KW - Indicators and Reagents KW - 0 KW - Nucleosides KW - RNA KW - 63231-63-0 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Salmon KW - Oryzias KW - Mass Spectrometry KW - Animals KW - Ictaluridae KW - Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet KW - Chromatography, Liquid KW - RNA -- analysis KW - Quality Control KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - DNA -- analysis KW - Nucleosides -- analysis KW - Fishes -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75854368?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+chromatography&rft.atitle=Analytical+procedures+and+quality+assurance+criteria+for+the+determination+of+major+and+minor+deoxynucleosides+in+fish+tissue+DNA+by+liquid+chromatography-ultraviolet+spectroscopy+and+liquid+chromatography-thermospray+mass+spectrometry.&rft.au=Serrano%2C+J%3BKuehl%2C+D+W%3BNaumann%2C+S&rft.aulast=Serrano&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-06-02&rft.volume=615&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+chromatography&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-08-20 N1 - Date created - 1993-08-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mucociliary clearance of inhaled particles measured at 2 h after ozone exposure in humans. AN - 75947761; 8365998 AB - Acute exposure of humans to ozone is known to acutely cause pulmonary function decrements, inflammation, and increased permeability of pulmonary epithelium. A single study in humans has also shown that mucociliary transport increases during acute ozone exposure. Because different responses have shown a different time course of recovery after exposure, it was important to examine mucociliary transport at a different time after the cessation of ozone exposure. We exposed 15 healthy male and female nonsmoking subjects, on different occasions, to clean air and 0.4 ppm ozone for 1 h while they exercised continuously. Pulmonary function was measured immediately before and after exposure and 90 min and 24 h after exposure. Between 2 and 5 h after each exposure, retention of inhaled 5-microns mass median aerodynamic diameter 99mTc-labeled Fe2O3 particles was measured. Each subject returned the next day for a final particle retention measurement. Despite significant changes in pulmonary function, there was no difference in mean whole lung retention time of particles between clean air [77.9 +/- 0.8 (SE) min] and ozone (78.0 +/- 0.8 min) exposures, indicating that mucociliary transport is unaffected by ozone exposure when it is measured 2 h after exposure. JF - Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) AU - Gerrity, T R AU - Bennett, W D AU - Kehrl, H AU - DeWitt, P J AD - Clinical Research Branch, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park 27711. Y1 - 1993/06// PY - 1993 DA - June 1993 SP - 2984 EP - 2989 VL - 74 IS - 6 SN - 8750-7587, 8750-7587 KW - Aerosols KW - 0 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Particle Size KW - Bronchi -- drug effects KW - Lung -- physiology KW - Trachea -- physiology KW - Adult KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Trachea -- drug effects KW - Adolescent KW - Bronchi -- physiology KW - Time Factors KW - Female KW - Male KW - Mucociliary Clearance -- physiology KW - Mucociliary Clearance -- drug effects KW - Ozone -- administration & dosage KW - Ozone -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75947761?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.atitle=Mucociliary+clearance+of+inhaled+particles+measured+at+2+h+after+ozone+exposure+in+humans.&rft.au=Gerrity%2C+T+R%3BBennett%2C+W+D%3BKehrl%2C+H%3BDeWitt%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Gerrity&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1993-06-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2984&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.issn=87507587&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-10-01 N1 - Date created - 1993-10-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of 5-fluorouracil on embryonic rat palate in vitro: fusion in the absence of proliferation. AN - 75904139; 8367827 AB - 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) inhibits the enzyme thymidylate synthetase (TS) which results in inhibition of DNA synthesis. 5-FU is teratogenic in many species, inducing cleft palate, limb, and tail defects. In the present study, gestation day (GD) 14 embryonic rat craniofacial explants were exposed to 5-FU in organ culture with increasing concentrations and durations of exposure. Palates exposed to 5-FU were morphologically abnormal and craniofacial shape, size, and palatal fusion pattern were affected with the severity of effects dependent on concentration and duration of exposure. Cleft palate was induced in vitro as opposing palates overlapped in a narrowed oral cavity. Palates exposed to higher levels of 5-FU were growth inhibited, but fused even though proliferation ceased and few cells were available to participate in elevation and fusion. This was demonstrated as a biphasic concentration-response profile for palatal fusion in which 0.05 to 0.15 micrograms 5-FU/ml produced decreasing rates of palatal fusion, while exposure to 0.15 to 3.0 micrograms/ml resulted in progressively increasing rates of fusion. The effects of 5-FU were detected biochemically as a reduction in TS activity which was concentration and time dependent during the first 12 hours, with a return to control levels by 24 hours. During the first day, 5-FU did not alter protein levels, but DNA levels significantly decreased at the high concentration, 2.0 micrograms/ml. After 5 days in culture, both DNA and protein decreased with increasing 5-FU concentration and duration of exposure. Also by the end of the culture period, 3H-TdR incorporation had decreased in a concentration dependent manner. It is concluded that progressive inhibition of proliferation and growth in organ culture results in two different morphological outcomes: cleft palate resulting from a narrowed oral cavity and increased incidence of anterior palatal fusion under conditions of strong growth reduction. This study demonstrates that elevation and fusion can occur in the absence of growth and proliferation. Based on these observations, severe inhibition of growth or proliferation would not necessarily be sufficient to induce cleft palate. JF - Teratology AU - Abbott, B D AU - Lau, C AU - Buckalew, A R AU - Logsdon, T R AU - Setzer, W AU - Zucker, R M AU - Elstein, K H AU - Kavlock, R J AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1993/06// PY - 1993 DA - June 1993 SP - 541 EP - 554 VL - 47 IS - 6 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Fluorouracil KW - U3P01618RT KW - Thymidine KW - VC2W18DGKR KW - Index Medicus KW - Thymidine -- metabolism KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Cleft Palate -- etiology KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Gestational Age KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Cleft Palate -- embryology KW - Organ Culture Techniques KW - Cell Cycle -- drug effects KW - Fluorouracil -- administration & dosage KW - Palate -- drug effects KW - Fluorouracil -- toxicity KW - Palate -- cytology KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- drug effects KW - Palate -- embryology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75904139?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+5-fluorouracil+on+embryonic+rat+palate+in+vitro%3A+fusion+in+the+absence+of+proliferation.&rft.au=Abbott%2C+B+D%3BLau%2C+C%3BBuckalew%2C+A+R%3BLogsdon%2C+T+R%3BSetzer%2C+W%3BZucker%2C+R+M%3BElstein%2C+K+H%3BKavlock%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1993-06-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=541&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-10-04 N1 - Date created - 1993-10-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Armitage-Doll two-stage model: implications and extension. AN - 75884345; 8341806 AB - The objective of this paper is twofold: (1) to provide insight on the simplified MVK model of carcinogenesis (a model proposed by Moolgavkar and colleagues) by revealing the relationship between the Armitage-Doll two-stage model and the simplified MVK model; and (2) to extend the Armitage-Doll two-stage model to one with time-varying (piece-wise constant) parameters. It is shown that the simplified MVK model is a special case of the Armitage-Doll two-stage model, and many applications of the simplified MVK model involving intermittent exposures or exposures to different compounds in different time periods can be derived easily from the Armitage-Doll two-stage model with piece-wise constant parameters. The limitations of the Armitage-Doll two-stage model are discussed. JF - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis AU - Chen, C W AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460. Y1 - 1993/06// PY - 1993 DA - June 1993 SP - 273 EP - 279 VL - 13 IS - 3 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Clone Cells KW - Carcinogens -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Stochastic Processes KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Proportional Hazards Models KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- chemically induced KW - Models, Statistical KW - Models, Biological UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75884345?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Armitage-Doll+two-stage+model%3A+implications+and+extension.&rft.au=Chen%2C+C+W&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1993-06-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=273&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-09-02 N1 - Date created - 1993-09-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of repeated organophosphate administration on carbachol-stimulated phosphoinositide hydrolysis in the rat brain. AN - 75837351; 8392202 AB - The effects of repeated exposure to two organophosphates on the turnover of phosphoinositides, the second messenger system coupled to the M1 and M3 subtypes of muscarinic receptors, were examined in the rat hippocampus. Repeated diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) exposure (0.2-0.8 mg/kg, SC) decreased brain acetylcholinesterase activity and muscarinic receptor density. The incorporation of [3H]myoinositol into brain slices was also decreased. Phosphoinositide turnover was measured as the accumulation of [3H]inositol phosphates (IP) in the presence of lithium. DFP did not affect basal IP accumulation, but decreased carbachol-stimulated IP accumulation in the hippocampus after 0.4 and 0.8 mg/kg. The effects of repeated disulfoton administration (2.0 mg/kg, IP) were also examined in the hippocampus. Similar to DFP, repeated disulfoton exposure decreased acetylcholinesterase activity, receptor density, and carbachol-stimulated IP accumulation. The incorporation of myoinositol, however, was increased in disulfoton-treated rats. These data indicate that repeated organophosphate exposure results in a functional decrease in muscarinic receptor activity, as well as changes in myoinositol incorporation into phospholipids. JF - Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior AU - Mundy, W R AU - Ward, T R AU - Dulchinos, V F AU - Tilson, H A AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1993/06// PY - 1993 DA - June 1993 SP - 309 EP - 314 VL - 45 IS - 2 SN - 0091-3057, 0091-3057 KW - Phosphatidylinositols KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Muscarinic KW - Isoflurophate KW - 12UHW9R67N KW - Disulfoton KW - 3CY5EKL6MT KW - Inositol KW - 4L6452S749 KW - Carbachol KW - 8Y164V895Y KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Drug Tolerance KW - Animals KW - Down-Regulation KW - Second Messenger Systems -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Muscarinic -- drug effects KW - Disulfoton -- administration & dosage KW - Inositol -- metabolism KW - Carbachol -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - Disulfoton -- toxicity KW - Receptors, Muscarinic -- metabolism KW - Phosphatidylinositols -- metabolism KW - Isoflurophate -- administration & dosage KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Isoflurophate -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75837351?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacology%2C+biochemistry%2C+and+behavior&rft.atitle=Effect+of+repeated+organophosphate+administration+on+carbachol-stimulated+phosphoinositide+hydrolysis+in+the+rat+brain.&rft.au=Mundy%2C+W+R%3BWard%2C+T+R%3BDulchinos%2C+V+F%3BTilson%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Mundy&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1993-06-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=309&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacology%2C+biochemistry%2C+and+behavior&rft.issn=00913057&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-08-11 N1 - Date created - 1993-08-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential cytotoxic sensitivity in mouse and human cell lines exposed to organophosphate insecticides. AN - 75787639; 8511793 AB - Neuroblastoma cell lines were used to examine the differential interspecies response (i.e., species selectivity) to organophosphates (OPs). Baseline activities of the major target esterases, i.e., cholinesterase, carboxylesterase, and neurotoxic esterase, were assayed in mouse and several human neural candidate cell lines. These activities were found to be variable within individual cell lines and among the various tested cell lines. Cytotoxicity data using the neutral red fluorometric assay were collected on both human (SH-SY5Y) and mouse (NB41A3) neuroblastoma clones exposed to a variety of OP insecticides. IC50 data indicated that the tested mouse cell line was consistently more sensitive than the human cell line to equimolar doses of various OP compounds (e.g., mipafox, parathion, paraoxon, DFP, leptophos oxon, fenthion, and fenitrothion). This difference in cytotoxic sensitivity was most pronounced in response to compounds requiring metabolic bioactivation (i.e., protoxicants). Cytotoxicity data also demonstrated that the NB41A3 mouse neuroblastoma cell line was more metabolically competent than the SH-SY5Y human cell line in converting the protoxicant parathion to its neurotoxic metabolite, paraoxon. B-lymphoblastoids, genetically engineered with human P450 cDNAs, demonstrated higher cytotoxic sensitivity to parathion than unengineered cells, indicating that cytochrome P450-associated monooxidase activity could also influence cytotoxic sensitivity to parathion in culture. These data suggest that interspecies-selectivity in response to OP-related cytotoxicity is influenced by intercellular differences in metabolism and baseline esterase activities. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Veronesi, B AU - Ehrich, M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Neurotoxicology Division, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1993/06// PY - 1993 DA - June 1993 SP - 240 EP - 246 VL - 120 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Organophosphorus Compounds KW - Esterases KW - EC 3.1.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Cell Line -- drug effects KW - Neuroblastoma -- enzymology KW - Mice KW - B-Lymphocytes -- enzymology KW - Species Specificity KW - Cell Line -- enzymology KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- enzymology KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Esterases -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75787639?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Differential+cytotoxic+sensitivity+in+mouse+and+human+cell+lines+exposed+to+organophosphate+insecticides.&rft.au=Veronesi%2C+B%3BEhrich%2C+M&rft.aulast=Veronesi&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1993-06-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=240&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-07-12 N1 - Date created - 1993-07-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Administration of 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile to the rat results in region-dependent damage to the central nervous system at levels above the brain stem. AN - 75765679; 8510024 AB - Axonal swellings and neurofilamentous accumulations in the brain stem, spinal cord and peripheral nervous system are the most widely documented effects of exposure to 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN). Evidence from morphological and functional studies, however, suggests that IDPN also may damage areas of the central nervous system above the level of the brain stem. To examine this possibility, we evaluated the astrocyte reaction to injury as an indirect means of detecting potential sites of IDPN-induced damage to the central nervous system. An immunoassay for the astrocyte intermediate filament protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), was used to quantify gliosis. Rats were given IDPN (0-600 mg/kg/day i.p.) for 3 days. The concentration of GFAP in discrete brain regions was examined at postdosing times ranging from 3 days to 3 weeks. IDPN caused time-, dose- and region-dependent increases in GFAP; elevations were observed in the pons-medulla, midbrain, cerebral cortex and olfactory bulbs, but not in cerebellum, hypothalamus, hippocampus and striatum. Of these areas, cortex and olfactory bulbs showed the largest increases. Dissection of cortex into four subregions showed that the IDPN-induced increase in cortical GFAP was relatively uniform across this brain region. Application of the de Olmos cupric-silver degeneration stain to IDPN-treated tissue revealed intense argyrophilia in the glomerular layer of the olfactory bulbs and diffuse staining of axons in several regions of the cortex. The data indicate that IDPN is neurotoxic to the olfactory bulbs and cortex of the rat. JF - The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics AU - Llorens, J AU - Crofton, K M AU - O'Callaghan, J P AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Y1 - 1993/06// PY - 1993 DA - June 1993 SP - 1492 EP - 1498 VL - 265 IS - 3 SN - 0022-3565, 0022-3565 KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein KW - 0 KW - Neurotoxins KW - Nitriles KW - 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile KW - 3XP1CVU865 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Olfactory Bulb -- drug effects KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Cerebellum -- drug effects KW - Nitriles -- toxicity KW - Neurotoxins -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75765679?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.atitle=Administration+of+3%2C3%27-iminodipropionitrile+to+the+rat+results+in+region-dependent+damage+to+the+central+nervous+system+at+levels+above+the+brain+stem.&rft.au=Llorens%2C+J%3BCrofton%2C+K+M%3BO%27Callaghan%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Llorens&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-06-01&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1492&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.issn=00223565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-07-14 N1 - Date created - 1993-07-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute and delayed effects of diisopropyl fluorophosphate on body temperature, heart rate, and motor activity in the awake, unrestrained rat. AN - 75763836; 8501768 AB - Acute exposure to diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP) causes irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity, leading to various behavioral and autonomic sequelae including hypothermia, reduced motor activity, and other neurological dysfunctions. To characterize the acute response and recovery of autonomic and behavioral processes to DFP exposure, rats of the Long-Evans strain were implanted with radiotransmitters that allowed the monitoring of core temperature, heart rate, and motor activity in unrestrained animals 24 h/d. These parameters were monitored for 96 h following subcutaneous injection of DFP at a dose of 0, 0.1, or 1.0 mg/kg. Rats given 0 and 0.1 mg/kg DFP displayed an increase in core temperature and motor activity during the first 24 h postinjection. The 1.0 mg/kg group showed a typical hypothermic response for the first 24 h following DFP administration. Core temperature decreased a maximum of 1.9 degrees C by 5 h after DFP and then started to recover, reaching control levels by 17 h after DFP treatment. Motor activity was also depressed during the first 24-h period in the 1.0 mg/kg group. Heart rate was initially elevated above basal levels in all treatment groups for several hours after treatment, but the 1.0 mg/kg group showed a decrease in heart rate at the time when core temperature began its recovery from hypothermia. Core temperature was the only parameter significantly affected by DFP during the 24-96 h recovery phase. The 0.1 and 1.0 mg/kg groups showed a significant elevation in core temperature for the 3 d after DFP administration. The elevation in core temperature during the recovery from DFP treatment may represent an important facet of the acute cholinergic neurotoxicity of organophosphate compounds. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - Gordon, C J AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1993/06// PY - 1993 DA - June 1993 SP - 247 EP - 260 VL - 39 IS - 2 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Isoflurophate KW - 12UHW9R67N KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Telemetry KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Heart Rate -- drug effects KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Isoflurophate -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75763836?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Acute+and+delayed+effects+of+diisopropyl+fluorophosphate+on+body+temperature%2C+heart+rate%2C+and+motor+activity+in+the+awake%2C+unrestrained+rat.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1993-06-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-06-25 N1 - Date created - 1993-06-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Heavy metal pollutant fixation by natural zeolites AN - 50199538; 1995-003989 JF - International Conference on the Occurrence, Properties, and Utilization of Natural Zeolites AU - Grube, Walter E, Jr AU - Herrmann, Jonathan G A2 - Ming, D. W. A2 - Mumpton, F. A. Y1 - 1993/06// PY - 1993 DA - June 1993 SP - 112 EP - 114 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 1993 KW - United States KW - soils KW - silicates KW - zinc KW - Idaho KW - fixation KW - experimental studies KW - Castle Creek KW - Cristman Hill Oregon KW - waste water KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - lead KW - solution KW - Oregon KW - metals KW - water treatment KW - clinoptilolite KW - cadmium KW - zeolite group KW - framework silicates KW - leaching KW - heavy metals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50199538?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+the+Occurrence%2C+Properties%2C+and+Utilization+of+Natural+Zeolites&rft.atitle=Heavy+metal+pollutant+fixation+by+natural+zeolites&rft.au=Grube%2C+Walter+E%2C+Jr%3BHerrmann%2C+Jonathan+G&rft.aulast=Grube&rft.aufirst=Walter&rft.date=1993-06-01&rft.volume=1993&rft.issue=&rft.spage=112&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+the+Occurrence%2C+Properties%2C+and+Utilization+of+Natural+Zeolites&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Zeolite '93; 4th international conference on the Occurrence, properties, and utilization of natural zeolites N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03748 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cadmium; Castle Creek; clinoptilolite; Cristman Hill Oregon; experimental studies; fixation; framework silicates; heavy metals; Idaho; leaching; lead; metals; Oregon; pollutants; pollution; silicates; soils; solution; United States; waste water; water treatment; zeolite group; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial degradative activity in ground water at the chemical waste disposal site AN - 50159286; 1995-029152 JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Hwang, Huey-Min AU - Hodson, Robert E AU - Lewis, David L AU - Scholze, Richard Y1 - 1993/06// PY - 1993 DA - June 1993 SP - 856 EP - 863 PB - Springer-Verlag, New York, NY VL - 50 IS - 6 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - United States KW - thallophytes KW - hazardous waste KW - degradation KW - toluene KW - landfills KW - chemical waste KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - northeastern Georgia KW - kinetics KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - geomicrobiology KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - liquid scintillation methods KW - bioremediation KW - organic compounds KW - bacteria KW - industrial waste KW - hydrocarbons KW - xylene KW - risk assessment KW - Georgia KW - waste disposal KW - pesticides KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50159286?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Microbial+degradative+activity+in+ground+water+at+the+chemical+waste+disposal+site&rft.au=Hwang%2C+Huey-Min%3BHodson%2C+Robert+E%3BLewis%2C+David+L%3BScholze%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Hwang&rft.aufirst=Huey-Min&rft.date=1993-06-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=856&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101156 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; bacteria; biodegradation; bioremediation; chemical waste; degradation; geomicrobiology; Georgia; ground water; hazardous waste; hydrocarbons; industrial waste; kinetics; landfills; liquid scintillation methods; monitoring; northeastern Georgia; organic compounds; organic materials; pesticides; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; remediation; risk assessment; soil treatment; soils; thallophytes; toluene; United States; waste disposal; xylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil washing for volume reduction of radioactively contaminated soils AN - 1718054180; 2015-095092 AB - The Office of Radiation and Indoor Air of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has demonstrated a soil washing plant for the treatment of radioactively contaminated soils from two Superfund sites in New Jersey. The plant employs unit operations that are widely used in the processing of minerals and coal. These operations were examined and tested to determine how they would apply to volume reduction of these contaminated soils. In this context, they are considered to be innovative candidates for remediation of other sites with large volumes of soil contaminated with low-level radioactivity. Laboratory testing of soil characteristics and behavior in unit processes is used to assess the applicability of volume reduction/chemical extraction (VORCE) technology to specific sites. Abstract Copyright (1993), Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company. JF - Remediation (New York, NY) AU - Eagle, Michael C AU - Richardson, William S AU - Hay, Scott S AU - Cox, Clinton Y1 - 1993/06// PY - 1993 DA - June 1993 SP - 327 EP - 344 PB - John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - United States KW - experimental studies KW - technology KW - isotopes KW - radioactivity KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - soil washing KW - radioactive waste KW - laboratory studies KW - physical properties KW - radioactive isotopes KW - soil pollution KW - chemical properties KW - reduction KW - New Jersey KW - waste disposal KW - low-level waste KW - Superfund sites KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718054180?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.atitle=Soil+washing+for+volume+reduction+of+radioactively+contaminated+soils&rft.au=Eagle%2C+Michael+C%3BRichardson%2C+William+S%3BHay%2C+Scott+S%3BCox%2C+Clinton&rft.aulast=Eagle&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1993-06-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frem.3440030306 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291520-6831 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical properties; experimental studies; isotopes; laboratory studies; low-level waste; New Jersey; physical properties; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; radioactivity; reduction; soil pollution; soil treatment; soil washing; Superfund sites; technology; United States; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rem.3440030306 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The interactions of MK-801 with the amphetamine analogues D-methamphetamine (D-METH), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (D-MDMA) or D-fenfluramine (D-FEN): neural damage and neural protection. AN - 75782593; 8099774 JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - Miller, D B AU - O'Callaghan, J P AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Health Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1993/05/28/ PY - 1993 DA - 1993 May 28 SP - 321 EP - 324 VL - 679 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein KW - Neurotoxins KW - Fenfluramine KW - 2DS058H2CF KW - Methamphetamine KW - 44RAL3456C KW - 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine KW - 4764-17-4 KW - Dizocilpine Maleate KW - 6LR8C1B66Q KW - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine KW - KE1SEN21RM KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cerebral Cortex -- drug effects KW - Cerebral Cortex -- metabolism KW - Corpus Striatum -- metabolism KW - Hippocampus -- metabolism KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Corpus Striatum -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Female KW - Hippocampus -- drug effects KW - Neurons -- metabolism KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- metabolism KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Neurotoxins -- toxicity KW - Methamphetamine -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Neurotoxins -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Neurons -- pathology KW - Methamphetamine -- toxicity KW - Dizocilpine Maleate -- pharmacology KW - Fenfluramine -- toxicity KW - Fenfluramine -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Brain -- pathology KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- analysis KW - 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75782593?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=The+interactions+of+MK-801+with+the+amphetamine+analogues+D-methamphetamine+%28D-METH%29%2C+3%2C4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine+%28D-MDMA%29+or+D-fenfluramine+%28D-FEN%29%3A+neural+damage+and+neural+protection.&rft.au=Miller%2C+D+B%3BO%27Callaghan%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1993-05-28&rft.volume=679&rft.issue=&rft.spage=321&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-07-15 N1 - Date created - 1993-07-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative features of reactive gliosis following toxicant-induced damage of the CNS. AN - 75781840; 8512183 JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - O'Callaghan, J P AD - Neurotoxicology Division (MD-74B), United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1993/05/28/ PY - 1993 DA - 1993 May 28 SP - 195 EP - 210 VL - 679 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein KW - Neurotoxins KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Models, Neurological KW - Gliosis -- pathology KW - Central Nervous System -- metabolism KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- metabolism KW - Central Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- analysis KW - Central Nervous System -- pathology KW - Gliosis -- chemically induced KW - Neurotoxins -- toxicity KW - Brain Injuries -- pathology KW - Brain Injuries -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75781840?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Quantitative+features+of+reactive+gliosis+following+toxicant-induced+damage+of+the+CNS.&rft.au=O%27Callaghan%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=O%27Callaghan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-05-28&rft.volume=679&rft.issue=&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-07-15 N1 - Date created - 1993-07-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the effects of methanol during early pregnancy in the rat. AN - 75797815; 8316950 AB - Recent attention to methanol (MeOH) as a potential alternative fuel prompted an evaluation of the chemical's effects during early pregnancy. Rats were dosed by gavage during Days 1-8 of pregnancy at 0, 1.6, 2.4, or 3.2 g MeOH/kg/day. Groups of animals were killed on Days 9, 11, or 20 of pregnancy, and maternal, embryonic, or fetal parameters were assessed, depending on the stage of pregnancy. The decidual cell response (DCR) technique was also applied to rats treated with MeOH during pseudopregnancy. Reductions in pregnant uterine and implantation site weights seen on Day 9 are the result of MeOH impedance of normal decidualization, as demonstrated by effects on the DCR. An increase in the extravasation of blood at implantation sites seen on Day 9 did not result in an increase in resorptions by Day 20. The 3.2 g/kg/day dose of MeOH produced a reduction in body weight gain by Day 9, which may be considered an indication of non-specific maternal toxicity. No effect on Day 11 or Day 20 embryo-fetal survival, or development was observed. JF - Toxicology AU - Cummings, A M AD - Reproductive Toxicology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1993/05/24/ PY - 1993 DA - 1993 May 24 SP - 205 EP - 214 VL - 79 IS - 3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Methanol KW - Y4S76JWI15 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Pseudopregnancy -- metabolism KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Fetus -- drug effects KW - Methanol -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75797815?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+effects+of+methanol+during+early+pregnancy+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Cummings%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Cummings&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1993-05-24&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-07-27 N1 - Date created - 1993-07-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental changes in carbachol-stimulated inositolphosphate release in pigmented rat retina. AN - 75885956; 8344068 AB - Carbachol-stimulated release of inositolphosphates (IP) was studied in the whole retina from Long-Evans rats of different ages (day 5, 10, 15, 20, adult) following in vitro incorporation of [3H]myo-inositol. Unlike the albino rat retina, the pigmented retina was highly light-sensitive, making it necessary to dark adapt the animals and perform retinal dissections under low illumination to prevent light-induced IP release. Retinae from postnatal day 10 rats showed the highest amount of carbachol-stimulated IP released. This response to carbachol decreased with age until postnatal day 20 when it reached adult levels. The pigmented rat retina showed a sharp fall in the degree of carbachol (1 mM)-stimulated IP released at the time of eye-opening (450% above basal in retinae from 10 day old animals, as compared to 230% above basal in 15 day old retinae). Basal release of IP was not altered in the retina during development. Muscarinic cholinergic receptor density was, however, found to increase 5 fold with age, reaching adult levels by PND 20. Retinal weight and protein per retina also increased (four fold) from day 5 to adult; however, the in vitro incorporation of [3H]myo-inositol into phosphoinositides (calculated as per mg protein) did not change during development. Thus, in animals prior to eye opening, a much higher proportion of phosphoinositides appears to be hydrolyzed upon muscarinic receptor stimulation. During retinal development a change in sensitivity to the agonist-sensitive pool(s) of phosphoinositides may occur and/or there may be alterations in the efficacy of receptor coupling to the second messenger system resulting in the disassociation observed between the drastic increase in receptor number and the apparent decrease in receptor-stimulated release of IP. JF - Current eye research AU - Tandon, P AU - Pope, C AU - Padilla, S AU - Tilson, H A AU - Harry, G J AD - Neurotoxicology Div. (MD-74B), US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC. Y1 - 1993/05// PY - 1993 DA - May 1993 SP - 439 EP - 449 VL - 12 IS - 5 SN - 0271-3683, 0271-3683 KW - Eye Proteins KW - 0 KW - Inositol Phosphates KW - Phospholipids KW - Receptors, Muscarinic KW - Carbachol KW - 8Y164V895Y KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Pigmentation KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Dark Adaptation KW - Eye Proteins -- metabolism KW - Phospholipids -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Female KW - Receptors, Muscarinic -- metabolism KW - Retina -- metabolism KW - Aging -- physiology KW - Inositol Phosphates -- metabolism KW - Retina -- drug effects KW - Retina -- growth & development KW - Carbachol -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75885956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+eye+research&rft.atitle=Developmental+changes+in+carbachol-stimulated+inositolphosphate+release+in+pigmented+rat+retina.&rft.au=Tandon%2C+P%3BPope%2C+C%3BPadilla%2C+S%3BTilson%2C+H+A%3BHarry%2C+G+J&rft.aulast=Tandon&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1993-05-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=439&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+eye+research&rft.issn=02713683&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-09-07 N1 - Date created - 1993-09-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental toxicity, reproductive toxicity, and neurotoxicity as regulatory endpoints. AN - 75793511; 8516767 AB - For decades, cancer has been the primary toxicological endpoint used in the assessment of hazard and risk. Regulatory decisions related to the manufacture, transport, and use of a chemical are often based solely on cancer data. Federal policy is now shifting toward more frequent evaluation and application of alternative endpoints of toxicity. Among the endpoints of particular current interest are developmental toxicity, reproductive toxicity, and neurotoxicity. Significant progress has been made in the development of standardized guidelines for testing chemicals for their potential effects on these endpoints. Corresponding guidelines for the assessment of risk on the basis of data on these endpoints are in various stages of development. JF - Toxicology letters AU - McMaster, S B AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, DC 20460. Y1 - 1993/05// PY - 1993 DA - May 1993 SP - 225 EP - 230 VL - 68 IS - 1-2 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Toxicology -- standards KW - Toxicology -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75793511?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=Developmental+toxicity%2C+reproductive+toxicity%2C+and+neurotoxicity+as+regulatory+endpoints.&rft.au=McMaster%2C+S+B&rft.aulast=McMaster&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1993-05-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-07-16 N1 - Date created - 1993-07-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neurobehavioral methods used in neurotoxicological research. AN - 75790424; 8516768 AB - Exposure to chemicals in the environment and workplace can have adverse effects on the nervous system. Behavioral endpoints are being used with greater frequency in the hazard identification phase of neurotoxicology risk assessment. One reason behavioral procedures are used in animal neurotoxicology studies is that they evaluate neurobiological functions known to be affected in humans exposed to neurotoxic agents, including alterations in sensory, motor, autonomic, and cognitive function. In hazard identification, behavioral tests are used in a tiered-testing context. Tests in the first tier are designed to determine the presence of neurotoxicity. Examples of first-tier behavioral tests include functional observational batteries and motor activity. Second-tier tests are used to characterize neurotoxicant-induced effects on sensory, motor, and cognitive function. Second-tier tests are usually more complex and costly to perform. Reliance on behavioral endpoints in neurotoxicology risk assessment will likely increase in the future. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Tilson, H A AD - Neurotoxicology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1993/05// PY - 1993 DA - May 1993 SP - 231 EP - 240 VL - 68 IS - 1-2 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Index Medicus KW - Risk KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Behavior -- drug effects KW - Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Toxicology -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75790424?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=Neurobehavioral+methods+used+in+neurotoxicological+research.&rft.au=Tilson%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Tilson&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1993-05-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=231&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-07-16 N1 - Date created - 1993-07-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human health and environmental toxicity issues for evaluation of halon replacements. AN - 75790244; 8516765 AB - The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 require the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to phase out production and use of ozone-depleting chemicals--among them, the fire suppressants, halons. As part of its rulemaking efforts EPA must evaluate the potential hazards to human health and the environment that could result from exposure to compounds that may substitute for halons. The EPA bases health hazard assessment on data obtained in studies involving short-term and long-term exposures. The former are used to evaluate potential risks of acute or delayed effects potentially resulting from short exposures at high concentrations, such as might be experienced in episodic emissions in the workplace. Studies with long-term exposure are used to assess potential adverse effects from continued exposure to low ambient concentrations. In addition, reproductive and developmental hazards are evaluated in several animal species. About ten chlorinated-, brominated-, and/or fluorinated-hydrogen-containing hydrocarbons, to be used alone or in combination, have been proposed as halon substitutes. In addition to health and safety, environmental, efficacy, and marketability considerations (Table I) need to be addressed for the selection of proposed halon substitutes. This presentation will discuss current EPA/Office of Air and Radiation thinking on a decision-tree approach for testing the toxicity of halon substitutes under the Significant New Alternatives Policy program. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Rubenstein, R AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460. Y1 - 1993/05// PY - 1993 DA - May 1993 SP - 21 EP - 24 VL - 68 IS - 1-2 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Flame Retardants KW - 0 KW - Hydrocarbons, Halogenated KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Air Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Humans KW - Flame Retardants -- standards KW - Flame Retardants -- adverse effects KW - Hydrocarbons, Halogenated -- standards KW - Environmental Health -- standards KW - Hydrocarbons, Halogenated -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75790244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=Human+health+and+environmental+toxicity+issues+for+evaluation+of+halon+replacements.&rft.au=Rubenstein%2C+R&rft.aulast=Rubenstein&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-05-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-07-16 N1 - Date created - 1993-07-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental acidification of Little Rock Lake, Wisconsin; chemical and biological changes over the pH range 6.1 to 4.7 AN - 52785978; 1996-080212 JF - Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences = Journal Canadien des Sciences Halieutiques et Aquatiques AU - Brezonik, P L AU - Eaton, J G AU - Frost, T M AU - Garrison, P J AU - Kratz, T K AU - Mach, C E AU - McCormick, J H AU - Perry, J A AU - Rose, W A AU - Sampson, C J AU - Shelley, B C L AU - Swenson, W A AU - Webster, K E Y1 - 1993/05// PY - 1993 DA - May 1993 SP - 1101 EP - 1121 PB - Canada, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Ottawa, ON VL - 50 IS - 5 SN - 0706-652X, 0706-652X KW - United States KW - calcium KW - water quality KW - biomass KW - ecosystems KW - plankton KW - ions KW - seepage KW - ground water KW - Little Rock Lake KW - chemical properties KW - calcium ion KW - basin management KW - alkalinity KW - Wisconsin KW - pH KW - concentration KW - alkaline earth metals KW - physicochemical properties KW - surface water KW - Vilas County Wisconsin KW - nutrients KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - lacustrine environment KW - acidification KW - trace metals KW - seasonal variations KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52785978?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences+%3D+Journal+Canadien+des+Sciences+Halieutiques+et+Aquatiques&rft.atitle=Experimental+acidification+of+Little+Rock+Lake%2C+Wisconsin%3B+chemical+and+biological+changes+over+the+pH+range+6.1+to+4.7&rft.au=Brezonik%2C+P+L%3BEaton%2C+J+G%3BFrost%2C+T+M%3BGarrison%2C+P+J%3BKratz%2C+T+K%3BMach%2C+C+E%3BMcCormick%2C+J+H%3BPerry%2C+J+A%3BRose%2C+W+A%3BSampson%2C+C+J%3BShelley%2C+B+C+L%3BSwenson%2C+W+A%3BWebster%2C+K+E&rft.aulast=Brezonik&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1993-05-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences+%3D+Journal+Canadien+des+Sciences+Halieutiques+et+Aquatiques&rft.issn=0706652X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/rp-ps/journalDetail.jsp?jcode=cjfas&lang=eng LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 67 N1 - PubXState - ON N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; alkaline earth metals; alkalinity; basin management; biogenic processes; biomass; calcium; calcium ion; chemical properties; concentration; ecosystems; ground water; ions; lacustrine environment; Little Rock Lake; metals; nutrients; pH; physicochemical properties; plankton; seasonal variations; seepage; surface water; trace metals; United States; Vilas County Wisconsin; water quality; Wisconsin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - International opportunities to reduce coal mine methane AN - 50338711; 1995-036687 JF - Proceedings - International Coalbed Methane Symposium AU - Kruger, D W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1993/05// PY - 1993 DA - May 1993 SP - 599 EP - 608 PB - [publishers varies], [location varies] VL - 1993 KW - mining KW - mines KW - methane KW - underground mining KW - natural gas KW - coal mines KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - pollution KW - petroleum KW - Europe KW - Russian Federation KW - alkanes KW - Czechoslovakia KW - organic compounds KW - Czech Republic KW - safety KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - Poland KW - mining geology KW - Central Europe KW - hydrocarbons KW - coalbed methane KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50338711?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+International+Coalbed+Methane+Symposium&rft.atitle=International+opportunities+to+reduce+coal+mine+methane&rft.au=Kruger%2C+D+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kruger&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1993-05-01&rft.volume=1993&rft.issue=&rft.spage=599&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+International+Coalbed+Methane+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1993 international Coalbed methane symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Document feature - 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03862 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; Central Europe; coal mines; coalbed methane; Commonwealth of Independent States; Czech Republic; Czechoslovakia; Europe; hydrocarbons; methane; mines; mining; mining geology; natural gas; organic compounds; petroleum; Poland; pollution; Russian Federation; safety; underground mining ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of treatment technologies using U.S. methods for the remediation site Haynauer Strasse 58, Berlin within the framework of the bilateral German-American agreement AN - 50066087; 1996-017672 JF - Contaminated Soil ... International TNO/BMFT Conference on Contaminated Soil AU - Berberich, G AU - Argus, R AU - Steffens, K AU - Lewis, R A2 - Arendt, F. A2 - Annokkee, G. J. A2 - Bosman, R. A2 - van den Brink, W. J. Y1 - 1993/05// PY - 1993 DA - May 1993 SP - 799 EP - 805 PB - Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht - Boston - London VL - 4, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - soils KW - methods KW - pollutants KW - Berlin Germany KW - soil treatment KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - international cooperation KW - Europe KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - measurement KW - aerobic environment KW - organic compounds KW - Central Europe KW - Brandenburg Germany KW - hydrocarbons KW - Germany KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50066087?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Contaminated+Soil+...+International+TNO%2FBMFT+Conference+on+Contaminated+Soil&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+treatment+technologies+using+U.S.+methods+for+the+remediation+site+Haynauer+Strasse+58%2C+Berlin+within+the+framework+of+the+bilateral+German-American+agreement&rft.au=Berberich%2C+G%3BArgus%2C+R%3BSteffens%2C+K%3BLewis%2C+R&rft.aulast=Berberich&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1993-05-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=799&rft.isbn=0792323262&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Contaminated+Soil+...+International+TNO%2FBMFT+Conference+on+Contaminated+Soil&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international KfK/TNO conference on Contaminated soil N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03844 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; Berlin Germany; bioremediation; Brandenburg Germany; Central Europe; Europe; Germany; hydrocarbons; international cooperation; measurement; methods; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; prediction; remediation; soil treatment; soils; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trends in implementing innovative technologies in the U.S. AN - 50065284; 1996-017717 JF - Contaminated Soil ... International TNO/BMFT Conference on Contaminated Soil AU - Kovalick, Walter W, Jr A2 - Arendt, F. A2 - Annokkee, G. J. A2 - Bosman, R. A2 - van den Brink, W. J. Y1 - 1993/05// PY - 1993 DA - May 1993 SP - 1093 EP - 1100 PB - Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht - Boston - London VL - 4, Vol. 2 KW - United States KW - methods KW - hazardous waste KW - Superfund KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - new methods KW - remediation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50065284?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Contaminated+Soil+...+International+TNO%2FBMFT+Conference+on+Contaminated+Soil&rft.atitle=Trends+in+implementing+innovative+technologies+in+the+U.S.&rft.au=Kovalick%2C+Walter+W%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Kovalick&rft.aufirst=Walter&rft.date=1993-05-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1093&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Contaminated+Soil+...+International+TNO%2FBMFT+Conference+on+Contaminated+Soil&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international KfK/TNO conference on Contaminated soil N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03844 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioremediation; hazardous waste; methods; new methods; pollution; remediation; Superfund; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring and evaluation for a low temperature thermal process that removes PCB's from soil; planning and quality assurance AN - 50064532; 1996-017676 JF - Contaminated Soil ... International TNO/BMFT Conference on Contaminated Soil AU - Steffens, K AU - Scola, L AU - de Percin, P AU - Johnson, M AU - Berberich, G AU - Heuel, B A2 - Arendt, F. A2 - Annokkee, G. J. A2 - Bosman, R. A2 - van den Brink, W. J. Y1 - 1993/05// PY - 1993 DA - May 1993 SP - 835 EP - 844 PB - Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht - Boston - London VL - 4, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - soils KW - methods KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Waukegan Illinois KW - monitoring KW - Illinois KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - PCBs KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - temperature KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - Lake County Illinois KW - Central Europe KW - low temperature KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Germany KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50064532?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Contaminated+Soil+...+International+TNO%2FBMFT+Conference+on+Contaminated+Soil&rft.atitle=Monitoring+and+evaluation+for+a+low+temperature+thermal+process+that+removes+PCB%27s+from+soil%3B+planning+and+quality+assurance&rft.au=Steffens%2C+K%3BScola%2C+L%3Bde+Percin%2C+P%3BJohnson%2C+M%3BBerberich%2C+G%3BHeuel%2C+B&rft.aulast=Steffens&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1993-05-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=835&rft.isbn=0792323262&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Contaminated+Soil+...+International+TNO%2FBMFT+Conference+on+Contaminated+Soil&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international KfK/TNO conference on Contaminated soil N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03844 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Central Europe; chlorinated hydrocarbons; Europe; Germany; halogenated hydrocarbons; Illinois; Lake County Illinois; low temperature; methods; monitoring; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; prediction; remediation; soils; Superfund; temperature; United States; Waukegan Illinois ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Priority setting in the administration of the Danish act on contaminated sites AN - 50063534; 1996-017582 JF - Contaminated Soil ... International TNO/BMFT Conference on Contaminated Soil AU - Hojsholt, Ulla A2 - Arendt, F. A2 - Annokkee, G. J. A2 - Bosman, R. A2 - van den Brink, W. J. Y1 - 1993/05// PY - 1993 DA - May 1993 SP - 35 EP - 40 PB - Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht - Boston - London VL - 4, Vol. 1 KW - soils KW - water quality KW - Western Europe KW - pollutants KW - legislation KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - provenance KW - Scandinavia KW - environment KW - economics KW - Denmark KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50063534?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Contaminated+Soil+...+International+TNO%2FBMFT+Conference+on+Contaminated+Soil&rft.atitle=Priority+setting+in+the+administration+of+the+Danish+act+on+contaminated+sites&rft.au=Hojsholt%2C+Ulla&rft.aulast=Hojsholt&rft.aufirst=Ulla&rft.date=1993-05-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=0792323262&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Contaminated+Soil+...+International+TNO%2FBMFT+Conference+on+Contaminated+Soil&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international KfK/TNO conference on Contaminated soil N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03844 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Denmark; economics; environment; Europe; ground water; legislation; pollutants; pollution; provenance; remediation; Scandinavia; soils; waste disposal; water quality; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Natural Occurrence of Triploidy in a Wild Brown Bullhead AN - 20548609; 9227033 AB - We report the rare, natural occurrence of triploidy in a brown bullhead Ameiurus (formerly Ictalurus) nebulosus. This is to our knowledge the first report of naturally occurring triploidy within the family Ictaluridae. The nuclei of blood cells were studied by flow cytometry, volume measurement, and computer-assisted image analysis. The triploid had a genome size of 3.29 pg DNA/cell compared to 2.23 pg DNA/cell (SD, 0.02 pg) for 28 diploid brown bullheads. Volume measurement and image analysis were able to detect the triploid condition; however, flow cytometry was the most precise technique and had the greatest resolution. JF - Transactions of the American Fisheries Society AU - Cormier, Susan M AU - Neiheisel, Timothy W AU - Williams, Daniel E AU - Tiersch, Terrence R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA Y1 - 1993/05// PY - 1993 DA - May 1993 SP - 390 EP - 392 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. VL - 122 IS - 3 SN - 0002-8487, 0002-8487 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Genomes KW - New records KW - Ictaluridae KW - Diploids KW - Polyploids KW - Image processing KW - Flow cytometry KW - Ameiurus KW - DNA KW - Triploidy KW - Blood cells KW - Nuclei KW - Ictalurus nebulosus KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q3 08582:Fish culture KW - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle KW - Q1 08582:Fish culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20548609?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.atitle=Natural+Occurrence+of+Triploidy+in+a+Wild+Brown+Bullhead&rft.au=Cormier%2C+Susan+M%3BNeiheisel%2C+Timothy+W%3BWilliams%2C+Daniel+E%3BTiersch%2C+Terrence+R&rft.aulast=Cormier&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=1993-05-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=390&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.issn=00028487&rft_id=info:doi/10.1577%2F1548-8659%281993%291222.3.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - New records; Genomes; Flow cytometry; Diploids; Polyploids; DNA; Blood cells; Image processing; Triploidy; Nuclei; Ameiurus; Ictaluridae; Ictalurus nebulosus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1993)122<0390:NOOTIA>2.3.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A National Critical Loads Framework for Atmospheric Deposition Effects Assessment: I. Method Summary AN - 19244758; 9310563 AB - The US EPA, with the assistance of the US Department of Energy and the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration is examining the utility of a critical loads approach for evaluating atmospheric pollutant effects on sensitive ecosystems. A critical load has been defined as, ' a quantitative estimate of an exposure to one or more pollutants below which significant harmful effects on specified sensitive elements of the environment do not occur according to present knowledge.' Working in cooperation with the United Nations Economic Community for Europe's (UN-ECE) Long Range Transboundary Air Pollution (LRTAP) Convention, the EPA has developed a flexible, six-step approach for setting critical loads of a range of ecosystem types. The framework is based on regional population characteristics of the ecosystem(s) of concern. The six steps of the approach are: (1) selection of ecosystem components, indicators, and characterization of the resource; (2) definition of functional subregions; (3) characterization of deposition within each of the subregions; (4) definition of an assessment end point; (5) selection and application of models; and (6) mapping projected ecosystem responses. The approach allows for variable ecosystem characteristics and data availability. Specific recognition of data and model uncertainties is an integral part of the process, and the use of multiple models to obtain ranges of critical loads estimates for each ecosystem component in a region is encouraged. Through this intercomparison process uncertainties in critical loads projections can be estimated. (See W94-00912 thru W94-00914) (Author's abstract) JF - Environmental Management EMNGDC, Vol. 17, No. 3, p 329-334, May/June 1993. 1 fig, 12 ref. EPA Contract No. 68-C8-0006. AU - Strickland, T C AU - Holden, G R AU - Ringold, P L AU - Bernard, D AU - Smythe, K AD - ManTech Environmental Technology Inc., c/o US EPA Environmental Research Lab., Corvallis, OR Y1 - 1993/05// PY - 1993 DA - May 1993 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - *Air pollution KW - *Data analysis KW - *National Critical Loads Framework KW - *Quantitative analysis KW - *Water pollution effects KW - Critical load KW - Ecological effects KW - Ecosystems KW - Interagency cooperation KW - Mapping KW - Model studies KW - Pollutant identification KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19244758?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=A+National+Critical+Loads+Framework+for+Atmospheric+Deposition+Effects+Assessment%3A+I.+Method+Summary&rft.au=Strickland%2C+T+C%3BHolden%2C+G+R%3BRingold%2C+P+L%3BBernard%2C+D%3BSmythe%2C+K&rft.aulast=Strickland&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1993-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The sensitivity analysis of microbial retention effect by using a two-dimensional subsurface flow, fate and transport of microbes and chemicals model (2DFATMIC) AN - 855195204; 2011-022859 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Chang, Jing-Ru AU - Yeh, Gour-Tsyh AU - Short, Thomas E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1993/04// PY - 1993 DA - April 1993 SP - 132 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 74 IS - 16, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - biodegradation KW - transport KW - sensitivity analysis KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - 2DFATMIC KW - two-dimensional models KW - microorganisms KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855195204?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+sensitivity+analysis+of+microbial+retention+effect+by+using+a+two-dimensional+subsurface+flow%2C+fate+and+transport+of+microbes+and+chemicals+model+%282DFATMIC%29&rft.au=Chang%2C+Jing-Ru%3BYeh%2C+Gour-Tsyh%3BShort%2C+Thomas+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=Jing-Ru&rft.date=1993-04-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=16%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=132&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - America Geophysical Union, 1993 spring meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 2DFATMIC; biodegradation; ground water; mathematical models; microorganisms; pollution; sensitivity analysis; transport; two-dimensional models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efficient composite modeling approach for 3D multiphase flow and solute transport in the subsurface AN - 855195154; 2011-022825 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Huyakorn, P S AU - Wu, Y S AU - Park, N S AU - Panday, S AU - Saleem, Z AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1993/04// PY - 1993 DA - April 1993 SP - 127 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 74 IS - 16, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - transport KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollutants KW - multiphase flow KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - hydrodynamics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855195154?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Efficient+composite+modeling+approach+for+3D+multiphase+flow+and+solute+transport+in+the+subsurface&rft.au=Huyakorn%2C+P+S%3BWu%2C+Y+S%3BPark%2C+N+S%3BPanday%2C+S%3BSaleem%2C+Z%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Huyakorn&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1993-04-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=16%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - America Geophysical Union, 1993 spring meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hydrodynamics; models; multiphase flow; nonaqueous phase liquids; pollutants; pollution; solutes; three-dimensional models; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human health effects of air pollution. AN - 75899037; 8354181 AB - Over the past three or four decades, there have been important advances in the understanding of the actions, exposure-response characteristics, and mechanisms of action of many common air pollutants. A multidisciplinary approach using epidemiology, animal toxicology, and controlled human exposure studies has contributed to the database. This review will emphasize studies of humans but will also draw on findings from the other disciplines. Air pollutants have been shown to cause responses ranging from reversible changes in respiratory symptoms and lung function, changes in airway reactivity and inflammation, structural remodeling of pulmonary airways, and impairment of pulmonary host defenses, to increased respiratory morbidity and mortality. Quantitative and qualitative understanding of the effects of a small group of air pollutants has advanced considerably, but the understanding is by no means complete, and the breadth of effects of all air pollutants is only partially understood. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Folinsbee, L J AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1993/04// PY - 1993 DA - April 1993 SP - 45 EP - 56 VL - 100 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Acids KW - 0 KW - Air Pollutants KW - Sulfur Dioxide KW - 0UZA3422Q4 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Carbon Monoxide KW - 7U1EE4V452 KW - Nitrogen Dioxide KW - S7G510RUBH KW - Index Medicus KW - Nitrogen Dioxide -- adverse effects KW - Acids -- adverse effects KW - Humans KW - Sulfur Dioxide -- adverse effects KW - Lead Poisoning -- complications KW - Carbon Monoxide -- adverse effects KW - Ozone -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75899037?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Human+health+effects+of+air+pollution.&rft.au=Folinsbee%2C+L+J&rft.aulast=Folinsbee&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1993-04-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-09-22 N1 - Date created - 1993-09-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: N Engl J Med. 1979 Mar 29;300(13):689-95 [763299] Aviat Space Environ Med. 1979 Jan;50(1):40-3 [420665] Arch Environ Health. 1979 Jul-Aug;34(4):233-9 [475465] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1979 Nov;120(5):1059-67 [507522] Am J Public Health. 1980 Jul;70(7):687-96 [7386702] J Appl Physiol. 1972 Feb;32(2):234-9 [4550276] Ann Intern 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[6685259] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1983 Dec;128(6):987-90 [6650990] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1984 Feb;129(2):288-91 [6696327] Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1984 May;45(5):285-92 [6741776] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1984 Jul;130(1):52-5 [6742611] J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1984 Aug;57(2):419-23 [6469811] J Air Pollut Control Assoc. 1984 Aug;34(8):804-9 [6481003] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1985 Jul;132(1):36-41 [4014870] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1985 Jun 15;79(1):11-27 [3840292] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1985 Oct;132(4):875-9 [4051323] J Appl Physiol (1985). 1985 Sep;59(3):784-91 [4055567] Lab Invest. 1985 Dec;53(6):692-704 [4068670] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1988 Dec;138(6):1559-64 [3202507] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1989 Feb;139(2):407-15 [2913889] J Appl Physiol (1985). 1989 Jan;66(1):217-22 [2917924] Environ Res. 1989 Apr;48(2):179-92 [2784382] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A decade of studies of human exposure: what have we learned? AN - 75743109; 8502786 AB - All four TEAM Studies operated on the basis concepts of probability sampling and direct measurement of exposure. These concepts made possible the discovery that, for nearly all of the 50 or so targeted pollutants, personal exposures exceeded outdoor levels by large margins. The conclusion, corroborated in part by other studies around the world, is that the major sources of exposure are personal activities and consumer products. This result is at odds with most existing environmental legislation, which generally does not deal with products or with indoor air in homes, in favor of regulating "major" stationary and mobile sources. These sources, however, provide only between 2-25% of personal exposure to most of the two dozen or so toxic and carcinogenic VOCs and pesticides included in the TEAM Studies. Several official publications have accepted this point, finding that funding priorities are skewed, with lower-risk problems receiving more funding than higher-risk problems such as indoor air pollution. However, just as exposures are due to small nearby sources, control of exposures can often be instituted by small individual actions. Among these are stopping smoking, reducing or eliminating the use of moth balls and bathroom deodorizers containing p-dichlorobenzene, reducing or eliminating the use of dry-cleaned clothes or airing them out for a day, and maintaining dust-free homes. JF - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis AU - Wallace, L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Warrenton, Virginia 22186. Y1 - 1993/04// PY - 1993 DA - April 1993 SP - 135 EP - 139 VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Pesticides KW - Carbon Monoxide KW - 7U1EE4V452 KW - Radon KW - Q74S4N8N1G KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Smoking -- adverse effects KW - Radon -- adverse effects KW - Hydrocarbons -- adverse effects KW - Carbon Monoxide -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Pesticides -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75743109?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=A+decade+of+studies+of+human+exposure%3A+what+have+we+learned%3F&rft.au=Wallace%2C+L&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1993-04-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-06-30 N1 - Date created - 1993-06-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The U.S. EPA Geographic Information System for mapping environmental releases of Toxic Chemical Release Inventory (TRI) chemicals. AN - 75737360; 8502789 AB - This study characterizes the environmental releases of toxic chemicals of the Toxic Chemical Release Inventory (TRI) in the southeastern United States by using the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Geographic Information System (GIS) to map them. These maps show that the largest quantities of TRI releases in the Southeast are usually near densely populated areas. This GIS mapping approach takes the first steps in defining those areas in the region which may be potential exposure zones and which could be strategic targets for future risk screening efforts in this geographic area. JF - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis AU - Stockwell, J R AU - Sorensen, J W AU - Eckert, J W AU - Carreras, E M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region IV, Atlanta, Georgia 30365-2401. Y1 - 1993/04// PY - 1993 DA - April 1993 SP - 155 EP - 164 VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Southeastern United States KW - Ecology KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Information Systems KW - Hazardous Substances -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Exposure -- statistics & numerical data UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75737360?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=The+U.S.+EPA+Geographic+Information+System+for+mapping+environmental+releases+of+Toxic+Chemical+Release+Inventory+%28TRI%29+chemicals.&rft.au=Stockwell%2C+J+R%3BSorensen%2C+J+W%3BEckert%2C+J+W%3BCarreras%2C+E+M&rft.aulast=Stockwell&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-04-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-06-30 N1 - Date created - 1993-06-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Air pollution and respiratory morbidity among adults in southern California. AN - 75709960; 8484360 AB - This paper reports the results of an investigation of the acute effects of air pollution in 321 nonsmoking adults residing in Southern California. Previous epidemiologic investigations of effects of acute exposure to ozone have focused on groups who may not be representative of the general public, such as asthmatics or student nurses. For this study, participants recorded the daily incidence of several respiratory symptoms over a 6-month period between 1978 and 1979. The authors examined the impact of ambient concentrations of ozone, particulate sulfates, and other air pollutants on the incidence of respiratory morbidity, measured as either upper or lower respiratory tract symptoms. Using a logistic regression model, the authors found a significant association between the incidence of lower respiratory tract symptoms and 1-hour daily maximum ozone levels (odds ratio (OR) = 1.22, 95% confidence interval (Cl) 1.11-1.34, for a 10 parts per hundred million (pphm) change), 7-hour average ozone levels (OR = 1.32, 95% Cl 1.14-1.52), and ambient sulfates (OR = 1.30, 95% Cl 1.09-1.54, for a 10-micrograms/m3 change), but no association was found with coefficient of haze, a more general measure of particulates. The existence of a gas stove in the home was also associated with lower respiratory tract symptoms (OR = 1.23, 95% Cl 1.03-1.47). The effects of ozone were greater in the subpopulation without a residential air conditioner. In addition, ozone appears to have had a greater effect among individuals with a preexisting respiratory infection. JF - American journal of epidemiology AU - Ostro, B D AU - Lipsett, M J AU - Mann, J K AU - Krupnick, A AU - Harrington, W AD - Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley 94704. Y1 - 1993/04/01/ PY - 1993 DA - 1993 Apr 01 SP - 691 EP - 700 VL - 137 IS - 7 SN - 0002-9262, 0002-9262 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Sulfates KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Odds Ratio KW - Logistic Models KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Sulfates -- adverse effects KW - Incidence KW - Time Factors KW - California -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Ozone -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75709960?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Air+pollution+and+respiratory+morbidity+among+adults+in+southern+California.&rft.au=Ostro%2C+B+D%3BLipsett%2C+M+J%3BMann%2C+J+K%3BKrupnick%2C+A%3BHarrington%2C+W&rft.aulast=Ostro&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1993-04-01&rft.volume=137&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=691&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+epidemiology&rft.issn=00029262&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-06-02 N1 - Date created - 1993-06-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Particulate air pollution and hospital emergency room visits for asthma in Seattle. AN - 75648974; 8466116 AB - Recent studies have associated short-term exposure to respirable particulate matter (PM10) exposure with peak flow decrements, increased symptoms of respiratory irritation, increased use of asthma medications, and increased hospitalization for asthma. Increased mortality from chronic respiratory disease has also been reported. To help confirm whether PM10 exposure is a risk factor for the exacerbation of asthma, we compiled daily records of asthma emergency room visits from eight hospitals in the Seattle area. In Poisson regressions controlling for weather, season, time trends, age, hospital, and day of the week, the daily counts of emergency room visits for persons under age 65 were significantly associated with PM10 exposure on the previous day. The mean of the previous 4 days' PM10 was a better predictor (p < 0.005). The relative risk for a 30 micrograms/m3 increase in PM10 was 1.12 (95% confidence interval 1.20 to 1.04). Daily PM10 concentrations never exceeded 70% of the current ambient air quality standards during the period. The consistency of investigations of the health effects of PM10 suggest that increased attention should be given to the control of particulate matter air pollution. JF - The American review of respiratory disease AU - Schwartz, J AU - Slater, D AU - Larson, T V AU - Pierson, W E AU - Koenig, J Q AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1993/04// PY - 1993 DA - April 1993 SP - 826 EP - 831 VL - 147 IS - 4 SN - 0003-0805, 0003-0805 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Washington KW - Risk Factors KW - Particle Size KW - Meteorological Concepts KW - Humans KW - Seasons KW - Adult KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Gastroenteritis -- therapy KW - Child KW - Adolescent KW - Child, Preschool KW - Emergency Service, Hospital -- utilization KW - Asthma -- therapy KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75648974?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+review+of+respiratory+disease&rft.atitle=Particulate+air+pollution+and+hospital+emergency+room+visits+for+asthma+in+Seattle.&rft.au=Schwartz%2C+J%3BSlater%2C+D%3BLarson%2C+T+V%3BPierson%2C+W+E%3BKoenig%2C+J+Q&rft.aulast=Schwartz&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-04-01&rft.volume=147&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=826&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+review+of+respiratory+disease&rft.issn=00030805&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-04-30 N1 - Date created - 1993-04-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Major ion chemistry of lakes on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska AN - 52792939; 1996-080213 JF - Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences = Journal Canadien des Sciences Halieutiques et Aquatiques AU - Eilers, J M AU - Landers, D H AU - Newell, A D AU - Mitch, M E AU - Morrison, M AU - Ford, J Y1 - 1993/04// PY - 1993 DA - April 1993 SP - 816 EP - 826 PB - Canada, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Ottawa, ON VL - 50 IS - 4 SN - 0706-652X, 0706-652X KW - United States KW - ground water KW - carbon KW - chemical properties KW - acidic composition KW - alkalinity KW - organic carbon KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - sulfate ion KW - physicochemical properties KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - Southern Alaska KW - aquifers KW - recharge KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - Kenai Peninsula KW - dissolved materials KW - lacustrine environment KW - shallow aquifers KW - Alaska KW - seasonal variations KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52792939?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences+%3D+Journal+Canadien+des+Sciences+Halieutiques+et+Aquatiques&rft.atitle=Major+ion+chemistry+of+lakes+on+the+Kenai+Peninsula%2C+Alaska&rft.au=Eilers%2C+J+M%3BLanders%2C+D+H%3BNewell%2C+A+D%3BMitch%2C+M+E%3BMorrison%2C+M%3BFord%2C+J&rft.aulast=Eilers&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-04-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=816&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences+%3D+Journal+Canadien+des+Sciences+Halieutiques+et+Aquatiques&rft.issn=0706652X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/rp-ps/journalDetail.jsp?jcode=cjfas&lang=eng LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - PubXState - ON N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidic composition; Alaska; alkalinity; aquifers; carbon; chemical properties; detection; dissolved materials; ground water; Kenai Peninsula; lacustrine environment; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; physicochemical properties; pollution; recharge; seasonal variations; shallow aquifers; soils; Southern Alaska; statistical analysis; sulfate ion; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geophysics and solvents; the Borden experiment AN - 51068425; 1993-027444 AB - The clearing in the central Ontario pine forest was hot, sandy, and busy as the two visitors stepped from the rental car and looked dubiously at the scene. A large metal-clad building dominated the east side of the clearing which was about 50 m across. A white trailer, a tent, a variety of cars and trucks, 45 gallon drums, scaffolding, raised wooden platforms, PVC pipe of all sizes, hoses, electrical cables, flood lights, tool chests and people filled the rest. JF - Geophysics: The Leading Edge of Exploration AU - Greenhouse, John AU - Brewster, Michael AU - Schneider, George AU - Redman, David AU - Annan, Peter AU - Olhoeft, Gary AU - Lucius, Jeffrey E AU - Sander, Kathy AU - Mazzella, Aldo Y1 - 1993/04// PY - 1993 DA - April 1993 SP - 261 EP - 267 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 12 IS - 4 SN - 0732-989X, 0732-989X KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - methylene chloride KW - Solvents-in-Groundwater Project KW - Simcoe County Ontario KW - geophysical surveys KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - geophysical methods KW - radar methods KW - pollution KW - resistivity KW - Ontario KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - solvents KW - Canada KW - electromagnetic methods KW - surveys KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Borden Ontario KW - trichloroethylene KW - Eastern Canada KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51068425?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics%3A+The+Leading+Edge+of+Exploration&rft.atitle=Geophysics+and+solvents%3B+the+Borden+experiment&rft.au=Greenhouse%2C+John%3BBrewster%2C+Michael%3BSchneider%2C+George%3BRedman%2C+David%3BAnnan%2C+Peter%3BOlhoeft%2C+Gary%3BLucius%2C+Jeffrey+E%3BSander%2C+Kathy%3BMazzella%2C+Aldo&rft.aulast=Greenhouse&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1993-04-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics%3A+The+Leading+Edge+of+Exploration&rft.issn=0732989X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1436946 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sects. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Borden Ontario; Canada; chlorinated hydrocarbons; Eastern Canada; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; ground water; ground-penetrating radar; halogenated hydrocarbons; methylene chloride; Ontario; organic compounds; pollution; radar methods; resistivity; Simcoe County Ontario; soils; solvents; Solvents-in-Groundwater Project; surveys; trichloroethylene DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1436946 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Techniques for mitigation of potential impacts caused by oil and gas exploration and production activities AN - 50971103; 1993-037122 JF - Annual Meeting Expanded Abstracts - American Association of Petroleum Geologists AU - Robinson, Bonnie B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1993/04// PY - 1993 DA - April 1993 SP - 172 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Tulsa, OK VL - 1993 SN - 0094-0038, 0094-0038 KW - petroleum exploration KW - natural gas KW - petroleum KW - impacts KW - production KW - cost KW - waste management KW - mitigation KW - planning KW - environmental geology KW - drilling KW - waste disposal KW - construction KW - design KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50971103?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=Techniques+for+mitigation+of+potential+impacts+caused+by+oil+and+gas+exploration+and+production+activities&rft.au=Robinson%2C+Bonnie+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Bonnie&rft.date=1993-04-01&rft.volume=1993&rft.issue=&rft.spage=172&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=00940038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Association of Petroleum Geologists 1993 annual convention N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - APGAB2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - construction; cost; design; drilling; environmental geology; impacts; mitigation; natural gas; petroleum; petroleum exploration; planning; production; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - LNAPL retention in sandy soil AN - 50370662; 1993-005055 JF - Ground Water AU - Ostendorf, David W AU - Richards, Robin J AU - Beck, Frank P Y1 - 1993/04// PY - 1993 DA - April 1993 SP - 285 EP - 292 PB - National Water Well Association, Ground-Water Technology Division, Urbana, IL VL - 31 IS - 2 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - United States KW - organic materials KW - Michigan Lower Peninsula KW - pollution KW - Traverse City Michigan KW - ground water KW - Grand Traverse County Michigan KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - mathematical methods KW - hydrocarbons KW - Michigan KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50370662?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=LNAPL+retention+in+sandy+soil&rft.au=Ostendorf%2C+David+W%3BRichards%2C+Robin+J%3BBeck%2C+Frank+P&rft.aulast=Ostendorf&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1993-04-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Grand Traverse County Michigan; ground water; hydrocarbons; mathematical methods; Michigan; Michigan Lower Peninsula; models; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; organic materials; pollution; Traverse City Michigan; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The behavior and identification of toxic metals in complex mixtures; examples from effluent and sediment pore water toxicity identification evaluations AN - 50298420; 1993-045152 JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Schubauer-Berigan, M K AU - Amato, J R AU - Ankley, G T AU - Baker, S E AU - Burkhard, L P AU - Dierkes, J R AU - Jenson, J J AU - Lukasewycz, M T AU - Norberg-King, T J Y1 - 1993/04// PY - 1993 DA - April 1993 SP - 298 EP - 306 PB - Springer-Verlag, New York-Heidelberg-Berlin VL - 24 IS - 3 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - United States KW - sample preparation KW - Keweenaw Peninsula KW - toxicity KW - effluents KW - sediments KW - Michigan Upper Peninsula KW - pollution KW - Michigan KW - pore water KW - heavy metals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50298420?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=The+behavior+and+identification+of+toxic+metals+in+complex+mixtures%3B+examples+from+effluent+and+sediment+pore+water+toxicity+identification+evaluations&rft.au=Schubauer-Berigan%2C+M+K%3BAmato%2C+J+R%3BAnkley%2C+G+T%3BBaker%2C+S+E%3BBurkhard%2C+L+P%3BDierkes%2C+J+R%3BJenson%2C+J+J%3BLukasewycz%2C+M+T%3BNorberg-King%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Schubauer-Berigan&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1993-04-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=298&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Document feature - 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AECTCV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - effluents; heavy metals; Keweenaw Peninsula; Michigan; Michigan Upper Peninsula; pollution; pore water; sample preparation; sediments; toxicity; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strategy using bioreactors and specially selected microorganisms for bioremediation of groundwater contaminated with creosote and pentachlorophenol AN - 50176108; 1995-018270 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Mueller, James G AU - Lantz, Suzanne E AU - Ross, Derek AU - Colvin, Richard J AU - Middaugh, Douglas P AU - Pritchard, Parmely H Y1 - 1993/04// PY - 1993 DA - April 1993 SP - 691 EP - 698 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 27 IS - 4 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - organic materials KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - creosote KW - pollution KW - pentachlorophenol KW - chlorophenols KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - mass balance KW - water treatment KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - pilot plants KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - chemical composition KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50176108?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Strategy+using+bioreactors+and+specially+selected+microorganisms+for+bioremediation+of+groundwater+contaminated+with+creosote+and+pentachlorophenol&rft.au=Mueller%2C+James+G%3BLantz%2C+Suzanne+E%3BRoss%2C+Derek%3BColvin%2C+Richard+J%3BMiddaugh%2C+Douglas+P%3BPritchard%2C+Parmely+H&rft.aulast=Mueller&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1993-04-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=691&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; bioremediation; chemical composition; chlorinated hydrocarbons; chlorophenols; creosote; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; mass balance; monitoring; organic compounds; organic materials; pentachlorophenol; pilot plants; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; remediation; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geographic information systems (GIS) for geologic mapping AN - 50146878; 1995-039254 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Schock, Susan C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1993/04// PY - 1993 DA - April 1993 SP - 67 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 25 IS - 4 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - cartography KW - graphic display KW - mapping KW - geologic maps KW - utilization KW - geographic information systems KW - digital cartography KW - maps KW - practice KW - data bases KW - information systems KW - applications KW - 14:Geologic maps UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50146878?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Geographic+information+systems+%28GIS%29+for+geologic+mapping&rft.au=Schock%2C+Susan+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Schock&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=1993-04-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Southeastern Section, 42nd annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; cartography; data bases; digital cartography; geographic information systems; geologic maps; graphic display; information systems; mapping; maps; practice; utilization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the biogenesis soil cleaning process for organic contaminants AN - 50074396; 1996-014521 JF - Annual RREL Hazardous Waste Research Symposium. Abstract Proceedings AU - Banerjee, Pinaki AU - Gatchett, Annette AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1993/04// PY - 1993 DA - April 1993 SP - 166 EP - 167 PB - EPA, Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH VL - 19 KW - United States KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - Minnesota KW - organic compounds KW - site exploration KW - pollutants KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50074396?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+RREL+Hazardous+Waste+Research+Symposium.+Abstract+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+biogenesis+soil+cleaning+process+for+organic+contaminants&rft.au=Banerjee%2C+Pinaki%3BGatchett%2C+Annette%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Banerjee&rft.aufirst=Pinaki&rft.date=1993-04-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=&rft.spage=166&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+RREL+Hazardous+Waste+Research+Symposium.+Abstract+Proceedings&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 19th annual RREL hazardous waste research symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - EPA/600/R-93-040 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - CODEN - #04099 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Minnesota; organic compounds; organic materials; pollutants; pollution; site exploration; soil treatment; soils; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - SITE demonstration of Resource Conservation Company's B.E.S.T. process AN - 50068674; 1996-014526 JF - Annual RREL Hazardous Waste Research Symposium. Abstract Proceedings AU - Meckes, Mark C AU - Wagner, Thomas J AU - Tillman, Joseph W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1993/04// PY - 1993 DA - April 1993 SP - 188 EP - 191 PB - EPA, Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH VL - 19 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Lake County Indiana KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - Gary Indiana KW - PCBs KW - pollution KW - Basic Extractive Sludge Treatment KW - BEST KW - samples KW - SITE KW - organic compounds KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation KW - Grand Calumet River KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50068674?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+RREL+Hazardous+Waste+Research+Symposium.+Abstract+Proceedings&rft.atitle=SITE+demonstration+of+Resource+Conservation+Company%27s+B.E.S.T.+process&rft.au=Meckes%2C+Mark+C%3BWagner%2C+Thomas+J%3BTillman%2C+Joseph+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Meckes&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=1993-04-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=&rft.spage=188&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+RREL+Hazardous+Waste+Research+Symposium.+Abstract+Proceedings&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 19th annual RREL hazardous waste research symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - EPA/600/R-93-040 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - CODEN - #04099 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Basic Extractive Sludge Treatment; BEST; chlorinated hydrocarbons; experimental studies; Gary Indiana; Grand Calumet River; halogenated hydrocarbons; Indiana; Lake County Indiana; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; samples; sediments; SITE; Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Residue chemistry guidelines. AN - 76280001; 8156199 AB - Residue chemistry guidelines are designed to determine what the potential residues in food are and how much may be present as a result of pesticide application, so that a tolerance level may be established. Some requirements are established to assist in the enforcement of tolerances by the USDA, FDA, and the states. I realize I have given you a quick overview of the residue chemistry requirements. There are many documents which are available if you should require more information, such as the Subdivision O Residue Chemistry Guidelines, Standard Evaluation Procedures (which are used by reviewers when evaluating the studies), the Data Reporting Guidelines (which provide guidance on preparing final reports), and the Technical Guidance from Phase III of Reregistration. We have also released various papers on studies when additional guidance is required. Most of these documents are available from NTIS. I hope you will consider this information when auditing residue chemistry studies. As I see the efforts that you, the QA professionals, have made to educate yourselves on residue chemistry studies through programs such as this meeting, I have a little more confidence in answering the question "Do you trust them?" with a "Yes." Thank you. JF - Quality assurance (San Diego, Calif.) AU - Olinger, C L AU - Schmitt, R D AU - Zager, E AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460. PY - 1993 SP - 127 EP - 133 VL - 2 IS - 1-2 SN - 1052-9411, 1052-9411 KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Scientific Misconduct KW - Registries KW - Pesticides -- analysis KW - Data Collection -- standards KW - Pesticides -- metabolism KW - Drug Industry -- standards KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Quality Assurance, Health Care -- organization & administration KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Drug Residues KW - Pesticides -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76280001?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.atitle=Residue+chemistry+guidelines.&rft.au=Olinger%2C+C+L%3BSchmitt%2C+R+D%3BZager%2C+E&rft.aulast=Olinger&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1993-03-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.issn=10529411&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-05-17 N1 - Date created - 1994-05-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A reviewer's perspective and generic problem areas experienced by registrants submitting physical chemistry data under FIFRA and FFDCA. AN - 76274502; 8156197 JF - Quality assurance (San Diego, Calif.) AU - Errico, P AD - U.S. EPA, Arlington, Virginia 22202. PY - 1993 SP - 115 EP - 120 VL - 2 IS - 1-2 SN - 1052-9411, 1052-9411 KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Registries KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Chemistry, Physical KW - Quality Assurance, Health Care -- organization & administration KW - Laboratories -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76274502?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.atitle=A+reviewer%27s+perspective+and+generic+problem+areas+experienced+by+registrants+submitting+physical+chemistry+data+under+FIFRA+and+FFDCA.&rft.au=Errico%2C+P&rft.aulast=Errico&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1993-03-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.issn=10529411&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-05-17 N1 - Date created - 1994-05-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of DNA adducts from exposure to complex mixtures in various human tissues and experimental systems. AN - 75814654; 8319665 AB - DNA adducts derived from complex mixtures of polycyclic aromatic compounds emitted from tobacco smoke are compared to industrial pollution sources (e.g., coke ovens and aluminum smelters), smoky coal burning, and urban air pollution. Exposures to coke oven emissions and smoky coal, both potent rodent skin tumor initiators and lung carcinogens in humans, result in high levels of DNA adducts compared to tobacco smoke in the in vitro calf thymus DNA model system, in cultured lymphocytes, and in the mouse skin assay. Using tobacco smoke as a model in human studies, we have compared relative DNA adduct levels detected in blood lymphocytes, placental tissue, bronchoalveolar lung lavage cells, sperm, and autopsy tissues of smokers and nonsmokers. Adduct levels in DNA isolated from smokers were highest in human heart and lung tissue with smaller but detectable differences in placental tissue and lung lavage cells. Comparison of the DNA adduct levels resulting from human exposure to different complex mixtures shows that emissions from coke ovens, aluminum smelters, and smoky coal result in higher DNA adduct levels than tobacco smoke exposure. These studies suggest that humans exposed to complex combustion mixtures will have higher DNA adduct levels in target cells (e.g., lung) as compared to nontarget cells (e.g., lymphocytes) and that the adduct levels will be dependent on the genotoxic and DNA adduct-forming potency of the mixture. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Lewtas, J AU - Mumford, J AU - Everson, R B AU - Hulka, B AU - Wilcosky, T AU - Kozumbo, W AU - Thompson, C AU - George, M AU - Dobiás, L AU - Srám, R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1993/03// PY - 1993 DA - March 1993 SP - 89 EP - 97 VL - 99 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Polycyclic Compounds KW - 0 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Smoking -- adverse effects KW - Lymphocytes -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Models, Biological KW - Pregnancy KW - Cattle KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Skin Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Adult KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Smoking -- metabolism KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Female KW - Male KW - DNA Damage KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- adverse effects KW - DNA -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75814654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+DNA+adducts+from+exposure+to+complex+mixtures+in+various+human+tissues+and+experimental+systems.&rft.au=Lewtas%2C+J%3BMumford%2C+J%3BEverson%2C+R+B%3BHulka%2C+B%3BWilcosky%2C+T%3BKozumbo%2C+W%3BThompson%2C+C%3BGeorge%2C+M%3BDobi%C3%A1s%2C+L%3BSr%C3%A1m%2C+R&rft.aulast=Lewtas&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-03-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-08-05 N1 - Date created - 1993-08-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Cancer Res. 1975 May;35(5):1235-43 [235367] Carcinogenesis. 1990 Jul;11(7):1229-31 [2372881] Carcinogenesis. 1982;3(9):1081-92 [7139866] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Nov;81(22):6943-7 [6594673] Cancer Res. 1985 Nov;45(11 Pt 2):5656-62 [4053037] Cancer Res. 1986 Jun;46(6):3046-54 [3698023] Carcinogenesis. 1986 Sep;7(9):1543-51 [3017601] Science. 1987 Jan 9;235(4785):217-20 [3798109] Int J Environ Anal Chem. 1986;26(1):27-49 [3804556] Carcinogenesis. 1988 Jan;9(1):75-80 [2826034] Int J Cancer. 1990 Oct 15;46(4):569-75 [2210880] Carcinogenesis. 1991 Mar;12(3):503-8 [2009595] Mutat Res. 1991 May;260(1):89-98 [2027345] Carcinogenesis. 1991 Sep;12(9):1685-91 [1893529] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Mar;99:83-7 [8319664] Mutat Res. 1988 Mar;204(3):531-41 [3347220] Cancer Res. 1988 Apr 15;48(8):2288-91 [3127049] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1988 Jun 15;80(8):567-76 [3373547] Carcinogenesis. 1988 Jul;9(7):1253-8 [3383342] Carcinogenesis. 1988 Sep;9(9):1687-93 [3409474] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1989 Feb;139(2):407-15 [2913889] Cancer Lett. 1989 Apr;45(1):7-12 [2540901] Carcinogenesis. 1989 Aug;10(8):1485-90 [2473852] Carcinogenesis. 1990 Jan;11(1):63-8 [2403860] Carcinogenesis. 1990 Feb;11(2):205-11 [2105856] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Oct;78(10):6126-9 [7031643] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection and comparison of DNA adducts after in vitro and in vivo diesel emission exposures. AN - 75813290; 8319629 AB - Development of methods to evaluate certain classes of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC) detected in complex mixtures to which humans are exposed would greatly improve the diagnostic potential of 32P-postlabeling analysis. Identification of DNA adduct patterns or specific exposure-related marker adducts would strengthen associations between observed DNA adducts and exposures to different environmental pollutants (e.g., kerosene, cigarette smoke, coke oven, and diesel). We have compared diesel-modified DNA adduct patterns in various in vitro and in vivo rodent model systems and compared them to DNA reactive oxidative and reductive metabolites of 1-nitropyrene. The formation of nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (nitrated PAH) DNA adducts, derived from the metabolism of diesel extract constituents, was enhanced relative to other PAH-derived DNA adducts via xanthine oxidase-catalyzed nitroreduction. These adducts were detectable only by the butanol extraction version of the postlabeling analysis. Five major DNA adducts were detected in human lymphocytes treated in vitro with diesel extract. A major adduct detected in human lymphocytes treated in vitro with diesel extract comigrated with a major adduct detected in lymphocyte DNA treated with benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) alone. Other adducts that co-migrated with the major BaP-derived adducts were detected in skin and lung DNA isolated from rodents topically treated with (50 mg) diesel extract and the major adduct detected in calf thymus DNA treated with rat liver S9 and diesel particle extract. Postlabeling of lung DNA isolated from rodents exposed via lung inhalation for 24 months to diesel combustion emissions resulted in the formation of a major nuclease-P1-sensitive DNA adduct that did not co-migrate with the major BaP-diol epoxide adduct.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Gallagher, J AU - George, M AU - Kohan, M AU - Thompson, C AU - Shank, T AU - Lewtas, J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1993/03// PY - 1993 DA - March 1993 SP - 225 EP - 228 VL - 99 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Petroleum KW - 0 KW - Polycyclic Compounds KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Lymphocytes -- chemistry KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- analysis KW - DNA Damage KW - Humans KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- toxicity KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Petroleum -- toxicity KW - DNA -- analysis KW - DNA -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75813290?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Detection+and+comparison+of+DNA+adducts+after+in+vitro+and+in+vivo+diesel+emission+exposures.&rft.au=Gallagher%2C+J%3BGeorge%2C+M%3BKohan%2C+M%3BThompson%2C+C%3BShank%2C+T%3BLewtas%2C+J&rft.aulast=Gallagher&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-03-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=&rft.spage=225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-08-05 N1 - Date created - 1993-08-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Mar;99:277-80 [8319643] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Mar;99:89-97 [8319665] Mutat Res. 1983 May;113(3-4):173-215 [6341825] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Nov;81(22):6943-7 [6594673] Cancer Res. 1985 Nov;45(11 Pt 2):5656-62 [4053037] Carcinogenesis. 1990 Feb;11(2):205-11 [2105856] Carcinogenesis. 1986 Dec;7(12):2071-5 [3779901] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 May;85(10):3513-7 [3368462] Carcinogenesis. 1988 Sep;9(9):1687-93 [3409474] Cancer Lett. 1989 Apr;45(1):7-12 [2540901] Carcinogenesis. 1990 Jan;11(1):63-8 [2403860] Carcinogenesis. 1986 Sep;7(9):1543-51 [3017601] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Correlation of graph-theoretical parameters with biological activity. AN - 75812580; 8314930 AB - Ośmialowski and Kaliszan calculated graph-theoretical indices for substituted isonicotinic hydrazides and used simple and multiple regression to search (unsuccessfully) for correlations with biological activity. The present paper describes successful searches for correlation in the same data set using principal component analysis (PCA) with multivariate outlier testing and also using stepwise multiple regression. Following PCA, correlation with biological activity always appeared in the second principal component, not the first, that is, after projection of the data points into the (n - 1)-space orthogonal to the first principal component axis. In that space, the principal component score was a more accurate predictor of biological activity than were equations provided by multiple regression or stepwise multiple regression using the underlying variables. A multivariate outlier test identified one observation as discordant, and removing that observation improved prediction further. JF - Journal of chemical information and computer sciences AU - Cash, G G AU - Breen, J J AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, Washington, D.C. 20460. PY - 1993 SP - 275 EP - 279 VL - 33 IS - 2 SN - 0095-2338, 0095-2338 KW - Isoniazid KW - V83O1VOZ8L KW - Index Medicus KW - Software KW - Regression Analysis KW - Mycobacterium tuberculosis -- drug effects KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Isoniazid -- pharmacology KW - Isoniazid -- analogs & derivatives KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Isoniazid -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75812580?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+chemical+information+and+computer+sciences&rft.atitle=Correlation+of+graph-theoretical+parameters+with+biological+activity.&rft.au=Cash%2C+G+G%3BBreen%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Cash&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1993-03-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+chemical+information+and+computer+sciences&rft.issn=00952338&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-07-27 N1 - Date created - 1993-07-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DNA adducts as biomarkers for assessing exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in tissues from Xuan Wei women with high exposure to coal combustion emissions and high lung cancer mortality. AN - 75809484; 8319664 AB - The high lung cancer rate in Xuan Wei, China, is associated with smoky coal use in unvented homes, but not with wood or smokeless coal use. Smoky coal combustion emits higher polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations than wood combustion. This study used DNA adducts as biomarkers for human exposure to PAH from combustion emissions. DNA adducts were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) in placentas and peripheral and cord white blood cells (WBC) from Xuan Wei women burning smoky coal or wood and from Beijing women using natural gas. Color ELISA gave positive results in 58, 47, and 5% of the placentas from Xuan Wei women burning smoky coal without and with chimneys, and from Beijing women, respectively. Fluorescence ELISA indicated that 46, 65, 56, and 25% of placentas were positive from Xuan Wei women who lived in houses without and with chimneys, Xuan Wei women burning wood, and Beijing controls, respectively. Peripheral WBC samples were positive in 7/9, 8/9, and 3/9 for the Xuan Wei women who lived in houses without and with chimneys and Beijing women, respectively. PAH-DNA adducts were detected in a higher percentage of placentas from Xuan Wei women living in houses exposed to smoky coal or wood emissions than from those of the Beijing controls. No dose-response relationship was observed between the air benzo[alpha]pyrene concentrations and DNA adduct levels or percentage of detectable samples. The results suggest that DNA adducts can be used as a qualitative biomarker to assess human exposure to combustion emissions. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Mumford, J L AU - Lee, X AU - Lewtas, J AU - Young, T L AU - Santella, R M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1993/03// PY - 1993 DA - March 1993 SP - 83 EP - 87 VL - 99 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Biomarkers KW - Coal KW - Polycyclic Compounds KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - 3417WMA06D KW - 7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide KW - 55097-80-8 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Pregnancy KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - 7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide -- metabolism KW - 7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide -- adverse effects KW - Adult KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Lung Neoplasms -- mortality KW - Benzo(a)pyrene -- adverse effects KW - Male KW - China KW - Female KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- administration & dosage KW - DNA Damage KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- adverse effects KW - DNA -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75809484?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=DNA+adducts+as+biomarkers+for+assessing+exposure+to+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons+in+tissues+from+Xuan+Wei+women+with+high+exposure+to+coal+combustion+emissions+and+high+lung+cancer+mortality.&rft.au=Mumford%2C+J+L%3BLee%2C+X%3BLewtas%2C+J%3BYoung%2C+T+L%3BSantella%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Mumford&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-03-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-08-05 N1 - Date created - 1993-08-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Cancer Res. 1980 Feb;40(2):412-6 [7356524] Br J Ind Med. 1992 Feb;49(2):113-24 [1536818] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Nov;81(22):6943-7 [6594673] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Oct;82(19):6672-6 [2413443] Science. 1986 Jan 3;231(4733):54-7 [3941892] Cancer Res. 1986 Aug;46(8):4178-83 [3731085] Science. 1987 Jan 9;235(4785):217-20 [3798109] Cancer Res. 1988 Apr 15;48(8):2288-91 [3127049] Carcinogenesis. 1988 Jul;9(7):1265-9 [3133129] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Dec;85(23):9243-7 [3143115] Carcinogenesis. 1989 Feb;10(2):251-7 [2912575] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1989 Mar 1;81(5):341-7 [2915370] Carcinogenesis. 1990 Mar;11(3):397-403 [2311182] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1990 Jun 6;82(11):927-33 [2111410] Teratog Carcinog Mutagen. 1990;10(5):373-84 [1981949] Carcinogenesis. 1984 Mar;5(3):373-7 [6423306] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Embryonic development in vitro following short-duration exposure to heat. AN - 75697643; 8475467 AB - Gestation day (GD) 10 rat embryos (10-12 somites) were exposed in vitro for 10 to 25 minutes at 42 or 43 degrees C and evaluated 24 hrs later for alterations in growth and specific morphological parameters, using a modified Brown-Fabro (Brown and Fabro: Teratology, 24:65-78, '81) scoring system that allowed evaluation of development relative to gestational age. At 42 degrees C, crown-rump length appeared to be particularly sensitive, responding to only 10 mins exposure. A 15-min exposure resulted in decreased total protein, somite number and morphological score. No system was uniquely sensitive, since all parameters demonstrated some degree of response. Rather, systems affected were those that would be developing most rapidly at this time in gestation. At 43 degrees C, all of the parameters measured were affected by a 10-min exposure. These results demonstrate alterations in vitro after much shorter exposure periods than previously reported on GD10, which may be due, in part, to the use of a modified scoring system that permitted the evaluation of graded individual end point changes relative to gestational age. The response patterns demonstrated a clear temperature- and exposure duration-dependency, with a shift from a more shallow duration-response curve to a more dramatic inhibition of development as temperature increased from 42 degrees C to 43 degrees C. JF - Teratology AU - Kimmel, G L AU - Cuff, J M AU - Kimmel, C A AU - Heredia, D J AU - Tudor, N AU - Silverman, P M AD - Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460. Y1 - 1993/03// PY - 1993 DA - March 1993 SP - 243 EP - 251 VL - 47 IS - 3 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Forelimb -- abnormalities KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Body Temperature KW - Heart Defects, Congenital -- etiology KW - Fetus -- physiology KW - Prosencephalon -- abnormalities KW - Time Factors KW - Organ Culture Techniques KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Hot Temperature KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development KW - Congenital Abnormalities -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75697643?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Embryonic+development+in+vitro+following+short-duration+exposure+to+heat.&rft.au=Kimmel%2C+G+L%3BCuff%2C+J+M%3BKimmel%2C+C+A%3BHeredia%2C+D+J%3BTudor%2C+N%3BSilverman%2C+P+M&rft.aulast=Kimmel&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1993-03-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-05-20 N1 - Date created - 1993-05-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The developmental toxicity of inhaled methanol in the CD-1 mouse, with quantitative dose-response modeling for estimation of benchmark doses. AN - 75686229; 8475461 AB - The developmental toxicity of the alternative motor vehicle fuel methanol was assessed in mice by the inhalation route. Pregnant CD-1 mice were exposed to 1,000, 2,000, 5,000, 7,500, 10,000, or 15,000 ppm methanol for 7 hr/day on days 6-15 of gestation. Sham-exposed controls were exposed to filtered air under similar conditions. Additional control groups were left in their home cages either unhandled or food-deprived for 7 hr/day to match the food deprivation experienced by the exposed mice. Dams were observed twice daily and weighed on alternate days during the exposure period. Blood methanol concentrations were determined in some mice on gestation days 6, 10, and 15. On day 17, the remaining mice were weighed and killed and the gravid uteri removed. Implantation sites, live and dead fetuses and resorptions were counted, fetuses were examined externally and weighed as a litter. Half of each litter was examined for skeletal morphology and the other half of each litter was examined for internal soft tissue anomalies. One dam died in each of the 7,500, 10,000, and 15,000 ppm methanol exposure groups, but no dose-response relationship was evident for maternal death. The sham-exposed and food-deprived controls as well as all methanol exposed dams gained less weight than did unexposed dams fed ad libitum, but methanol did not exacerbate this effect. Significant increases in the incidence of exencephaly and cleft palate were observed at 5,000 ppm and above, increased embryo/fetal death at 7,500 ppm and above (including an increasing incidence of full-litter resorptions), and reduced fetal weight at 10,000 ppm and above. A dose-related increase in cervical ribs or ossification sites lateral to the seventh cervical vertebra was significant at 2,000 ppm and above. Thus, the NOAEL for the developmental toxicity in this study was 1,000 ppm. A log-logistic dose response model was applied to the incidence data for exencephaly, cleft palate, resorption and cervical rib, and maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs) and benchmark dosages (BDs, the lower 95% confidence interval of the MLEs) corresponding to 1% and 5% added risk above background were calculated. The MLE for 5% added combined risk of having either exencephaly or cleft palate or being resorbed was 3667 ppm, and the corresponding BD was 3,078 ppm. For cervical rib, the 5% added risk values for the MLE and BD were 824 and 305 ppm, respectively. The BDs for 1% added risk were 1915 ppm for exencephaly, cleft palate or resorption, and 58 ppm for cervical rib.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) JF - Teratology AU - Rogers, J M AU - Mole, M L AU - Chernoff, N AU - Barbee, B D AU - Turner, C I AU - Logsdon, T R AU - Kavlock, R J AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1993/03// PY - 1993 DA - March 1993 SP - 175 EP - 188 VL - 47 IS - 3 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Teratogens KW - 0 KW - Methanol KW - Y4S76JWI15 KW - Index Medicus KW - Probability KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Least-Squares Analysis KW - Mice KW - Weight Gain KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Methanol -- blood KW - Methanol -- administration & dosage KW - Fetus -- drug effects KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced KW - Methanol -- toxicity KW - Pregnancy, Animal -- drug effects KW - Teratogens -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75686229?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=The+developmental+toxicity+of+inhaled+methanol+in+the+CD-1+mouse%2C+with+quantitative+dose-response+modeling+for+estimation+of+benchmark+doses.&rft.au=Rogers%2C+J+M%3BMole%2C+M+L%3BChernoff%2C+N%3BBarbee%2C+B+D%3BTurner%2C+C+I%3BLogsdon%2C+T+R%3BKavlock%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Rogers&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-03-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-05-20 N1 - Date created - 1993-05-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strain comparisons of DFP neurotoxicity in rats. AN - 75629241; 8450557 AB - The purpose of this study was to assess intraspecies differences in behavioral and autonomic function in three strains of rat following administration of diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP), an irreversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase activity. Male rats of the Long-Evans (LE), Fischer 344 (F344), and Sprague-Dawley (SD) strains wer administered DFP at doses of 0-1.5 mg/kg (sc). The animals were placed 60 min later into one of two motor activity chambers and tested for 30 min. Motor activity was measured using either a Doppler-based system or a commercial photocell device. Following measurement of motor activity in the Doppler system, body temperature (Tb) was measured and blood was then withdrawn by cardiac puncture and analyzed for serum cholinesterase activity (ChE). The remaining rats were retested 1 d after DFP administration in the photocell device. The results showed a significant influence of strain on the effects of DFP. Motor activity of LE rats was reduced by DFP at doses of 1.0 and 1.5 mg/kg, whereas the activity of F344 rats was reduced only at 1.5 mg/kg. The relative sensitivity of SD rats depended on the device used to measure motor activity. The SD rats resembled F344 rats in their response to DFP when motor activity was measured in the photocell device, and LE rats when motor activity was measured in the Doppler system. The Tb of F344 rats was unaffected by DFP, while the LE and SD rats became hypothermic at 1.5 mg/kg. The DFP-induced inhibition of serum ChE activity was significantly less in F344 rats. All three strains retested the day after DFP still showed significant decreases in motor activity. Overall, it appears that the F344 strain is relatively resistant to the behavioral and autonomic effects of DFP. This intraspecies variability should be considered in selecting appropriate experimental models for assessing the neurotoxicological hazards of cholinesterase-inhibiting pesticides. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - Gordon, C J AU - MacPhail, R C AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1993/03// PY - 1993 DA - March 1993 SP - 257 EP - 271 VL - 38 IS - 3 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Isoflurophate KW - 12UHW9R67N KW - Cholinesterases KW - EC 3.1.1.8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley -- physiology KW - Animals KW - Cholinesterases -- blood KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Species Specificity KW - Rats, Inbred F344 -- physiology KW - Male KW - Rats, Inbred Strains -- physiology KW - Autonomic Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Isoflurophate -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75629241?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Strain+comparisons+of+DFP+neurotoxicity+in+rats.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J%3BMacPhail%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1993-03-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-04-12 N1 - Date created - 1993-04-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A review of the dose-response induction of DNA adducts by aflatoxin B1 and its implications to quantitative cancer-risk assessment. AN - 75616577; 7680102 AB - The induction of DNA adducts by aflatoxin B1 in the liver has been extensively reviewed in a quantitative cancer-risk assessment of aflatoxins (CDHS, 1990). Rat is the most sensitive species for aflatoxin tumorigenesis and liver is the most sensitive site. In vitro DNA-adduct studies were mostly on adduct identification and specificity of binding. In vivo studies provided dose-response relationship of aflatoxin B1, binding to DNA and DNA-adduct formation. Most in vivo studies were conducted in rats. The dose-response curves of DNA-adduct induction after ingestion or injection treatments in this species were reviewed. A linear dose-response relationship was observed in both injection and ingestion studies at low doses. For cancer-risk assessment, this observation is consistent with the assumption of the linear dose-response risk-assessment model for genotoxic agents, and justifies the use of this model for quantitative cancer-risk assessment for aflatoxins. JF - Mutation research AU - Choy, W N AD - Reproductive and Cancer Hazard Assessment Section, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley 94704. Y1 - 1993/03// PY - 1993 DA - March 1993 SP - 181 EP - 198 VL - 296 IS - 3 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - DNA Adducts KW - 0 KW - aflatoxin B1-DNA adduct KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Aflatoxin B1 KW - 9N2N2Y55MH KW - Index Medicus KW - Risk KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - DNA Damage KW - Liver Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Aflatoxin B1 -- administration & dosage KW - Aflatoxin B1 -- toxicity KW - DNA -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75616577?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=A+review+of+the+dose-response+induction+of+DNA+adducts+by+aflatoxin+B1+and+its+implications+to+quantitative+cancer-risk+assessment.&rft.au=Choy%2C+W+N&rft.aulast=Choy&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1993-03-01&rft.volume=296&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-03-30 N1 - Date created - 1993-03-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of natural water isotopes to karst hydrology in Jiaozuo, Henan AN - 50231746; 1994-036334 JF - Carsologica Sinica AU - Pei, Jianguo AU - Tao, Youliang AU - Tong, Changshui Y1 - 1993/03// PY - 1993 DA - March 1993 SP - 45 EP - 53 PB - Institute of Karst Geology, People's Republic of China, Guangxi VL - 12 IS - 1 SN - 1001-4810, 1001-4810 KW - Far East KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - karst hydrology KW - Henan China KW - O-18/O-16 KW - stable isotopes KW - ground water KW - recharge KW - natural recharge KW - D/H KW - Jiaozuo China KW - hydrogen KW - tracers KW - deuterium KW - Asia KW - China KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50231746?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carsologica+Sinica&rft.atitle=Application+of+natural+water+isotopes+to+karst+hydrology+in+Jiaozuo%2C+Henan&rft.au=Pei%2C+Jianguo%3BTao%2C+Youliang%3BTong%2C+Changshui&rft.aulast=Pei&rft.aufirst=Jianguo&rft.date=1993-03-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carsologica+Sinica&rft.issn=10014810&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - Chinese DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; China; D/H; deuterium; Far East; ground water; Henan China; hydrogen; isotope ratios; isotopes; Jiaozuo China; karst hydrology; natural recharge; O-18/O-16; oxygen; recharge; stable isotopes; tracers ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of ground water monitoring data for pesticide regulation AN - 50117934; 1995-059460 JF - Weed Technology AU - Barrett, Michael R AU - Williams, W Martin AU - Wells, David Y1 - 1993/03// PY - 1993 DA - March 1993 SP - 238 EP - 247 PB - Weed Science Society of America, Champaign, IL VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 0890-037X, 0890-037X KW - United States KW - toxic materials KW - monitoring KW - medical geology KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - herbicides KW - pollution KW - aldicarb KW - migration of elements KW - drinking water KW - preventive measures KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - triazines KW - organic compounds KW - transport KW - atrazine KW - alachlor KW - shallow aquifers KW - pesticides KW - leaching KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50117934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Weed+Technology&rft.atitle=Use+of+ground+water+monitoring+data+for+pesticide+regulation&rft.au=Barrett%2C+Michael+R%3BWilliams%2C+W+Martin%3BWells%2C+David&rft.aulast=Barrett&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1993-03-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=238&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Weed+Technology&rft.issn=0890037X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alachlor; aldicarb; aquifers; atrazine; drinking water; ground water; herbicides; leaching; medical geology; migration of elements; monitoring; organic compounds; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; regulations; shallow aquifers; toxic materials; transport; triazines; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Program to Analyze Aquifer Test Data and Check for Validity with the Jacob Method AN - 19155566; 9305476 AB - The Jacob straight-line method of aquifer analysis deals with the late-time data and small radius of the Theis type curve which plot as a straight line if the drawdown data are plotted on an arithmetic scale and the time data on a logarithmic (base 10) scale. Correct analysis with the Jacob method normally assumes that (1 ) the data lie on a straight line, (2) the value of the dimensionless time factor is less than 0.01, and (3) the site's hydrogeology conforms to the method's assumptions and limiting conditions. Items 1 and 2 are usually considered for the Jacob method, but item 3 is often ignored, which can lead to incorrect calculations of aquifer parameters. A BASIC computer program was developed to analyze aquifer test data with the Jacob method in order to test the validity of its use. Aquifer test data are entered into the program and manipulated so that a slope and time intercept of the straight line drawn through the data (excluding early-time and late-time data) can be used to calculate transmissivity and storage coefficient. Late-time data are excluded to eliminate the effects of positive and negative boundaries. The time-drawdown data then are converted into dimensionless units to determine if the Jacob method's assumptions are valid for the hydrogeologic conditions under which the test was conducted. (Author's abstract) JF - Ground Water GRWAAP, Vol. 31, No. 2, p 316-320, March/April 1993. 2 tab, 7 ref. AU - Field AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Office of Research and Development Y1 - 1993/03// PY - 1993 DA - Mar 1993 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Descriptors: *Aquifer characteristics KW - *Aquifer testing KW - *Computer programs KW - *Drawdown KW - *Jacob Method KW - Boundary conditions KW - Geohydrology KW - Graphical analysis KW - Limiting factors KW - Storage coefficient KW - Theis equation KW - Transmissivity KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19155566?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Program+to+Analyze+Aquifer+Test+Data+and+Check+for+Validity+with+the+Jacob+Method&rft.au=Field&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1993-03-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Humic Acid Effects on Uptake of Hexachlorobenzene and Hexachlorobiphenyl by Sheepshead Minnows in Static Sediment/Water Systems AN - 19151520; 9305434 AB - The effect of humic acid on accumulation of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and hexachlorobiphenyl (HCBP) by sheepshead minnows (Cyprinodon variegatus) was studied in two separate experiments. In the first experiment, static sediment/water exposure chambers were used to determine the effect of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), in the form of terrestrial humic acid (HA), on partitioning of HCB among sediment, water, and sheepshead minnows. Sediments from three geographically different locations were used to test the effect of added HA (0, 3, and 30 mg/L) on accumulation in fish of sediment-bound HCB. Total organic carbon levels in sediment and water and residues of HCB (14-C-labeled and unlabeled) in sediment, water, and whole body tissue were measured. Fish/sediment ratios or accumulation relative to sediment (ARS) indicated that addition of HA did not reduce accumulation of sediment- bound toxicants. ARS ranged from 7.5 +/-4 without added HA to 9.3 +/-4 with 30 mg/L added HA, but were not statistically different. In a second experiment using HCBP with 0 and 30 mg/L HA and sediment from one location, HCBP concentration in water averaged 0.29 microgm/L in non-HA tanks and 0.91 microgm/L in the HA tanks, but b oth ARS ratios averaged 5.4 (Author's abstract) JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry ETOCDK, Vol. 12, No. 3, p 541-550, March 1993. 3 fig, 6 tab, 37 ref. AU - Lores, E M AU - Patrick, J M AU - Summers, J K AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Breeze, FL. Gulf Breeze Lab Y1 - 1993/03// PY - 1993 DA - Mar 1993 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Descriptors: *Bioaccumulation KW - *Hexachlorobenzene KW - *Hexachlorobiphenyl KW - *Humic acids KW - *Minnows KW - *Path of pollutants KW - *Sediment-water interfaces KW - *Toxicology KW - Dissolved organic carbon KW - Organic matter KW - Sediment contamination KW - Statistical analysis KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19151520?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Humic+Acid+Effects+on+Uptake+of+Hexachlorobenzene+and+Hexachlorobiphenyl+by+Sheepshead+Minnows+in+Static+Sediment%2FWater+Systems&rft.au=Lores%2C+E+M%3BPatrick%2C+J+M%3BSummers%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=Lores&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1993-03-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of bioturbation in sediment resuspension and its interaction with physical shearing AN - 16699083; 3504918 AB - Marine benthic fauna play an important role in governing sediment-water relationships, including resuspension of particle-borne contaminants. Constant burrowing and subsurface deposit-feeding tend to eject sediment into overlying water, break up the cohesive structure of silt-clay sediment, increase sediment-water content, and increase physical resuspension. Experimental evidence shows that resuspension of sediment is influenced by shear stress at the sediment-water interface and/or by the type, abundance and reworking time of infauna. Resuspension by biota was investigated by monitoring the turbidity of excurrent water of deposit-feeding species. The interaction between biota and physical shear in sediment resuspension was measured using an annular flume and a flume-calibrated Particle Entrainment Simulator. Sediment resuspension, in the absence of physical shear, was caused by Yoldia, Macoma, and Pectinaria during the disposal of pseudofeces (20 mg/min per individual Yoldia at 20 degree C. The presence of motile deposit-feeders also destabilized cohesive sediment and thus increased physical resuspension. The bivalve Nucula at least doubled physical resuspension at shear values above 2 dyne/cm super(2). Infaunal activities such as feeding, locomotion and habital development resulted in direct resuspension and modified physical resuspension. Total resuspension with respect to time (R sub(t)dt) was found to equal the sum of a physical resuspension term (R sub(p)), a biological term (R sub(b)) and a physical-biological interaction term (R sub(pb)). While all terms are time-varying R sub(p) varies as a function of currents, depth and wave height and the biological terms vary with species, abundance and activity rates (temperature). JF - Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology AU - Davis, W R AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 27 Tarzwell Dr., Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1993/03// PY - 1993 DA - Mar 1993 SP - 187 EP - 200 VL - 171 IS - 2 SN - 0022-0981, 0022-0981 KW - Invertebrata KW - bioturbation KW - burrowing organisms KW - deposit feeders KW - resuspended sediments KW - sediment-water interface KW - sediment-water interfaces KW - shear stress KW - suspended sediments KW - zoobenthos KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - benthos KW - sediments KW - Marine KW - marine environment KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 08482:Ecosystems and energetics KW - Q2 09264:Sediments and sedimentation KW - D 04330:Marine KW - SW 0870:Erosion and sedimentation KW - Q1 08261:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16699083?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Experimental+Marine+Biology+and+Ecology&rft.atitle=The+role+of+bioturbation+in+sediment+resuspension+and+its+interaction+with+physical+shearing&rft.au=Davis%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1993-03-01&rft.volume=171&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Experimental+Marine+Biology+and+Ecology&rft.issn=00220981&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sediment-water interface; marine environment; shear stress; sediments; benthos; burrowing organisms; resuspended sediments; zoobenthos; bioturbation; sediment-water interfaces; suspended sediments; Invertebrata; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Corona destruction: an innovative control technology for VOCs and air toxics. AN - 76372355; 15739519 AB - This paper discusses the work and results to date leading to the demonstration of the corona destruction process at pilot scale. The research effort in corona destruction of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and air toxics has shown significant promise for providing a valuable contribution to critical U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and national goals of reducing the health effects associated with exposures to hazardous air pollutants. The corona destruction technology could be especially useful in future years in helping industry meet the residual risk requirements of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. Since 1988, EPA has conducted research in the area of corona destruction of VOCs and air toxics. EPA's interest in corona destruction of molecular species started with modeling of a point-plane reactor for destroying toxic organic compounds. EPA's goal is to develop a technology capable of controlling low concentration streams at low capital and operating costs. The purpose of this work is to develop an industrial scale corona reactor capable of efficiently and cost-effectively destroying VOCs and air toxics at ambient temperature and pressure. Results show that corona destruction is a promising control technology for many VOC-contaminated air streams, especially at low concentrations. Cost comparisons are presented for corona destruction and conventional control devices, carbon adsorption, catalytic incineration and thermal incineration. JF - Air & waste : journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Nunez, C M AU - Ramsey, G H AU - Ponder, W H AU - Abbott, J H AU - Hamel, L E AU - Kariher, P H AD - Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1993/02// PY - 1993 DA - February 1993 SP - 242 EP - 247 VL - 43 IS - 2 SN - 1073-161X, 1073-161X UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76372355?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Air+%26+waste+%3A+journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Corona+destruction%3A+an+innovative+control+technology+for+VOCs+and+air+toxics.&rft.au=Nunez%2C+C+M%3BRamsey%2C+G+H%3BPonder%2C+W+H%3BAbbott%2C+J+H%3BHamel%2C+L+E%3BKariher%2C+P+H&rft.aulast=Nunez&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1993-02-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=242&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Air+%26+waste+%3A+journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=1073161X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-16 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Twenty-four hour rhythms of selected ambient temperature in rat and hamster. AN - 75634897; 8446688 AB - The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of time of day on the behavioral thermoregulatory patterns of nocturnal rodents, the Long-Evans (LE) rat, Fischer 344 (F344) rat, and the golden hamster. Individual animals were placed in a temperature gradient for 4 days while selected ambient temperature (STa) and motor activity (MA) were monitored. Food was provided at the cold and warm ends of the gradient and water was provided ad lib. All animals eventually showed a 24-h rhythm of STa and MA characterized by a preference for cooler TaS during the dark period which coincided with an increase in MA. Both rat strains had STaS of approximately 28 degrees C during the light period that decreased to 22-24 degrees C during the dark period. The F344 rat developed a STa rhythm by the second day in the gradient, whereas the LE strain required 4 days. The hamster exhibited relatively warm STaS of 32-33 degrees C during the light period that decreased to 26-28 degrees C during the dark period. The nocturnal preference for cooler STaS contradicts a current concept of an elevation in set point of the thermoregulatory system. However, the data also suggest that behavioral and autonomic thermoregulatory effectors may operate independently in the control of night time elevations in body temperature. JF - Physiology & behavior AU - Gordon, C J AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1993/02// PY - 1993 DA - February 1993 SP - 257 EP - 263 VL - 53 IS - 2 SN - 0031-9384, 0031-9384 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Eating KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Motor Activity KW - Mesocricetus KW - Species Specificity KW - Male KW - Cricetinae KW - Body Temperature Regulation KW - Circadian Rhythm UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75634897?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physiology+%26+behavior&rft.atitle=Twenty-four+hour+rhythms+of+selected+ambient+temperature+in+rat+and+hamster.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1993-02-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physiology+%26+behavior&rft.issn=00319384&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-04-07 N1 - Date created - 1993-04-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of disulfoton-induced behavioral and neurochemical effects following repeated exposure. AN - 75629001; 8449387 AB - These experiments examined the relationship between behavioral alterations and neurochemical changes in rats exposed repeatedly to disulfoton, an organophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor. Male Long-Evans rats were injected ip for 30 days with 0, 0.5, 1, or 2 mg/kg of disulfoton in corn oil. Clinical signs and motor activity were measured during the course of repeated exposure. Cognitive function, as measured in the Morris water maze, and passive avoidance procedures were assessed near the end of the dosing regimen. Regional brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was measured during the course of dosing while the total number of muscarinic receptors was measured at the end of the dosing regimen. Tolerance developed rapidly to the clinical signs produced by disulfoton, but not to the disulfoton-induced decrease in motor activity. Disulfoton affected the acquisition of water maze performance, but had no effect on passive avoidance acquisition or retention. Repeated exposure to disulfoton decreased brain AChE activity and the number of [3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate binding sites. These data indicate that, in spite of muscarinic receptor down-regulation that followed repeated exposure to disulfoton, animals become tolerant to only some of the functional effects produced by this chemical. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Llorens, J AU - Crofton, K M AU - Tilson, H A AU - Ali, S F AU - Mundy, W R AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1993/02// PY - 1993 DA - February 1993 SP - 163 EP - 169 VL - 20 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Muscarinic KW - Tritium KW - 10028-17-8 KW - Disulfoton KW - 3CY5EKL6MT KW - Quinuclidinyl Benzilate KW - 6581-06-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Drug Administration Schedule KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- toxicity KW - Quinuclidinyl Benzilate -- metabolism KW - Cognition -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Muscarinic -- drug effects KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Down-Regulation -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Muscarinic -- physiology KW - Male KW - Brain -- enzymology KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Disulfoton -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75629001?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+disulfoton-induced+behavioral+and+neurochemical+effects+following+repeated+exposure.&rft.au=Llorens%2C+J%3BCrofton%2C+K+M%3BTilson%2C+H+A%3BAli%2C+S+F%3BMundy%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=Llorens&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-02-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-04-15 N1 - Date created - 1993-04-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the carcinogenic potential of pesticides. 4. Chloroalkylthiodicarboximide compounds with fungicidal activity. AN - 75614413; 8441825 AB - The Health Effects Division of the Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP) assessed the carcinogenic potential of three structurally related chloroalkylthiodicarboximide fungicides using a consensus peer review process and EPA's 1986 guidelines for cancer risk assessment. All of the fungicides were categorized as Group B2 (probable human) carcinogens based upon findings of an increased incidence of malignant tumors, or combined malignant and benign tumors, in multiple experiments involving different strains of mice and rats. The primary sites of tumor formation with the chloroalkylthiodicarboximide fungicides in male and/or female mice (CD-1 and B6C3F1) were the gastrointestinal tract (captan, folpet, and captafol), the lymph system (folpet and captafol), and the vascular system (captafol). The main sites of tumor formation in rats of one or both sexes (CR CD, Wistar, or F344 strains) were the kidney (Captan and captafol), uterus (captan), mammary gland and liver (captafol). In addition, positive trends for thyroid, testicular, mammary gland, and lymph node tumors were observed with folpet in the same strains of rats. All three of the compounds exhibited positive mutagenic activity in a variety of in vitro short-term tests for gene mutation, DNA repair, and chromosomal aberrations in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, but were not genotoxic in available studies performed under in vivo conditions. The assessment of human cancer risk for captan, folpet, and captafol was made using low-dose extrapolation models. JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Quest, J A AU - Fenner-Crisp, P A AU - Burnam, W AU - Copley, M AU - Dearfield, K L AU - Hamernik, K L AU - Saunders, D S AU - Whiting, R J AU - Engler, R AD - Health Effects Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460. Y1 - 1993/02// PY - 1993 DA - February 1993 SP - 19 EP - 34 VL - 17 IS - 1 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Cyclohexenes KW - Fungicides, Industrial KW - Phthalimides KW - captafol KW - 2425-06-1 KW - Captan KW - EOL5G26Q9F KW - folpet KW - X5NFK36917 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Gastrointestinal Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Animals KW - Mice, Inbred ICR KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Kidney Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Mice KW - Rats KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Carcinogens -- classification KW - Risk Factors KW - Carcinogenicity Tests KW - Female KW - Male KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Captan -- toxicity KW - Fungicides, Industrial -- classification KW - Fungicides, Industrial -- toxicity KW - Phthalimides -- classification KW - Captan -- analogs & derivatives KW - Phthalimides -- toxicity KW - Captan -- classification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75614413?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+carcinogenic+potential+of+pesticides.+4.+Chloroalkylthiodicarboximide+compounds+with+fungicidal+activity.&rft.au=Quest%2C+J+A%3BFenner-Crisp%2C+P+A%3BBurnam%2C+W%3BCopley%2C+M%3BDearfield%2C+K+L%3BHamernik%2C+K+L%3BSaunders%2C+D+S%3BWhiting%2C+R+J%3BEngler%2C+R&rft.aulast=Quest&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-02-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-03-30 N1 - Date created - 1993-03-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative assessment of cancer risk from exposure to diesel engine emissions. AN - 75606422; 7680138 AB - Quantitative estimates of lung cancer risk from exposure to diesel engine emissions were developed using data from three chronic bioassays with Fischer 344 rats. Human target organ dose was estimated with the aid of a comprehensive dosimetry model. This model accounted for rat-human differences in deposition efficiency, normal particle clearance rates, transport of particles to lung-associated lymph nodes, respiration rates, and lung surface area, as well as high-dose inhibition of particle clearance. Recent evidence indicates that the inert carbon core of the diesel particulate matter is likely to be the primary source of carcinogenicity. The epithelial tissue lining the alveoli and lower airways is the primary target site for induction of lung tumors. Dose was therefore based upon the concentration of carbon particulate matter per unit lung surface area. Unit risk estimates were developed using either a time-to-tumor or a linearized multistage model. The unit risk estimates, defined as the 95% upper confidence limit of the cancer risk from continuous lifetime exposure to 1 microgram/m3 of diesel exhaust particulate matter, varied from 1.0 to 4.6 x 10(5) with a geometric mean of 1.7 x 10(5). JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Pepelko, W E AU - Chen, C AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Washington, DC 20460. Y1 - 1993/02// PY - 1993 DA - February 1993 SP - 52 EP - 65 VL - 17 IS - 1 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Risk Factors KW - Models, Biological KW - Male KW - Female KW - Lung Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Lung Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Vehicle Emissions -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75606422?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=Quantitative+assessment+of+cancer+risk+from+exposure+to+diesel+engine+emissions.&rft.au=Pepelko%2C+W+E%3BChen%2C+C&rft.aulast=Pepelko&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1993-02-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=52&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-03-30 N1 - Date created - 1993-03-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DNA single- and double-strand breaks produced by ferric nitrilotriacetate in relation to renal tubular carcinogenesis. AN - 75581233; 8435863 AB - Fe(III) bound to a chelator, nitrilotriacetate (NTA), has been reported to induce a high frequency of adenocarcinoma localized to the proximal tubules of the kidney in rodents. In order to examine possible mechanisms for the carcinogenic activity, we investigated the in vitro production of single- and double-strand breaks in DNA mediated by iron alone or Fe-NTA chelate using supercoiled plasmid pZ189. Neither Fe(III) nor NTA alone broke DNA. Fe(III) plus NTA together mediated the efficient oxidative production of DNA single- and double-strand breaks in the presence of reducing agents (ascorbate >> H2O2 > cysteine). The Fe(III):NTA ratio (1:4) that was found to be optimal for DNA strand breakage was similar to the ratio that produced adenocarcinomas in rodents. Maximal Fe-NTA-mediated DNA damage in vitro was induced under conditions of neutral pH, low ionic strength, presence of reducing agent and absence of albumin. These conditions are present exclusively in the cortical proximal tubules of the kidney, the only location where toxicity and carcinogenicity of Fe-NTA has been observed. Thus, localized DNA damage may explain the anatomic site preferred by Fe-NTA-induced carcinogenesis. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Toyokuni, S AU - Sagripanti, J L AD - Division of Life Sciences, Office of Science and Technology, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD 20857. Y1 - 1993/02// PY - 1993 DA - February 1993 SP - 223 EP - 227 VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - DNA, Circular KW - 0 KW - DNA, Single-Stranded KW - DNA, Superhelical KW - Ferric Compounds KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Hydrogen Peroxide KW - BBX060AN9V KW - Nitrilotriacetic Acid KW - KA90006V9D KW - ferric nitrilotriacetate KW - Z3U5ED15B9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Hydrogen Peroxide -- toxicity KW - DNA, Superhelical -- drug effects KW - DNA, Single-Stranded -- drug effects KW - Kinetics KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - DNA, Circular -- drug effects KW - Plasmids KW - Adenocarcinoma -- chemically induced KW - Kidney Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - DNA Damage KW - Nitrilotriacetic Acid -- toxicity KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Nitrilotriacetic Acid -- analogs & derivatives KW - Ferric Compounds -- toxicity KW - Kidney Tubules, Proximal -- pathology KW - Kidney Tubules, Proximal -- drug effects KW - DNA -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75581233?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=DNA+single-+and+double-strand+breaks+produced+by+ferric+nitrilotriacetate+in+relation+to+renal+tubular+carcinogenesis.&rft.au=Toyokuni%2C+S%3BSagripanti%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Toyokuni&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1993-02-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-03-24 N1 - Date created - 1993-03-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Passive sampling of groundwater monitoring wells without purging; multilevel well chemical and tracer disappearance AN - 51051636; 1997-015406 JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Powell, Robert M AU - Puls, Robert W Y1 - 1993/02// PY - 1993 DA - February 1993 SP - 51 EP - 77 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 12 IS - 1-2 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - wells KW - United States KW - calcium KW - water quality KW - magnesium KW - sodium ion KW - pumping KW - halogens KW - observation wells KW - bromide ion KW - ions KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - Pasquotank River KW - chloride ion KW - tracers KW - calcium ion KW - Pasquotank County North Carolina KW - alkalinity KW - chemical composition KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - chlorine KW - concentration KW - alkaline earth metals KW - water supply KW - sulfate ion KW - monitoring KW - Elizabeth City North Carolina KW - injection KW - alkali metals KW - sodium KW - bromine KW - aquifers KW - case studies KW - boreholes KW - metals KW - North Carolina KW - turbidity KW - seasonal variations KW - pore water KW - magnesium ion KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51051636?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Passive+sampling+of+groundwater+monitoring+wells+without+purging%3B+multilevel+well+chemical+and+tracer+disappearance&rft.au=Powell%2C+Robert+M%3BPuls%2C+Robert+W&rft.aulast=Powell&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1993-02-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; alkalinity; aquifers; Atlantic Coastal Plain; boreholes; bromide ion; bromine; calcium; calcium ion; case studies; chemical composition; chloride ion; chlorine; concentration; drinking water; Elizabeth City North Carolina; ground water; halogens; injection; ions; magnesium; magnesium ion; metals; monitoring; North Carolina; observation wells; Pasquotank County North Carolina; Pasquotank River; pore water; pumping; seasonal variations; sodium; sodium ion; sulfate ion; tracers; turbidity; United States; water quality; water supply; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology AN - 50334106; 1993-027056 JF - Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology AU - Taylor, L A AU - Neal, C R AU - Caporuscio, F A AU - Smyth, J R Y1 - 1993/02// PY - 1993 DA - February 1993 SP - 280 EP - 288 PB - Springer International, Heidelberg-New York VL - 113 IS - 2 SN - 0010-7999, 0010-7999 KW - silicates KW - volcanic rocks KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - hyperaluminous composition KW - mantle KW - stable isotopes KW - Bellsbank Kimberlite KW - pyroxene group KW - clinopyroxene KW - whole rock KW - metamorphic rocks KW - basalts KW - orthosilicates KW - Roberts Vittor Kimberlite KW - South Africa KW - rare earths KW - europium KW - trace elements KW - P-T conditions KW - chain silicates KW - pressure KW - kyanite KW - O-18/O-16 KW - high pressure KW - nesosilicates KW - models KW - genesis KW - metals KW - Southern Africa KW - mid-ocean ridge basalts KW - Africa KW - exsolution KW - crystal chemistry KW - eclogite KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50334106?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Contributions+to+Mineralogy+and+Petrology&rft.atitle=Contributions+to+Mineralogy+and+Petrology&rft.au=Taylor%2C+L+A%3BNeal%2C+C+R%3BCaporuscio%2C+F+A%3BSmyth%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1993-02-01&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=280&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Contributions+to+Mineralogy+and+Petrology&rft.issn=00107999&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - Document feature - 2 tables, illus. N1 - SuppNotes - For reference to original see Caporuscio, F. A., and Smyth, J. R., Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 105, p. 550-561, 1990 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CMPEAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; basalts; Bellsbank Kimberlite; chain silicates; clinopyroxene; crystal chemistry; eclogite; europium; exsolution; genesis; high pressure; hyperaluminous composition; igneous rocks; isotopes; kyanite; mantle; metals; metamorphic rocks; mid-ocean ridge basalts; models; nesosilicates; O-18/O-16; orthosilicates; oxygen; P-T conditions; pressure; pyroxene group; rare earths; Roberts Vittor Kimberlite; silicates; South Africa; Southern Africa; stable isotopes; trace elements; volcanic rocks; whole rock ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrating well logs into a multiple-scale investigation of a fractured sedimentary aquifer AN - 50311955; 1993-042925 JF - The Log Analyst AU - Paillet, F L AU - Kay, R T AU - Yeskis, D AU - Pedler, William H Y1 - 1993/02// PY - 1993 DA - February 1993 SP - 24 EP - 40 PB - Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, Houston, TX VL - 34 IS - 1 SN - 0024-581X, 0024-581X KW - models KW - fractured materials KW - boreholes KW - movement KW - well-logging KW - pollution KW - permeability KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50311955?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Log+Analyst&rft.atitle=Integrating+well+logs+into+a+multiple-scale+investigation+of+a+fractured+sedimentary+aquifer&rft.au=Paillet%2C+F+L%3BKay%2C+R+T%3BYeskis%2C+D%3BPedler%2C+William+H&rft.aulast=Paillet&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1993-02-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Log+Analyst&rft.issn=0024581X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., 1 table, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - LGALAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; boreholes; fractured materials; ground water; models; movement; permeability; pollution; well-logging ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Virulence Characteristics of Heterotrophic Bacteria Commonly Isolated from Potable Water AN - 19158264; 9304294 AB - Heterotrophic bacteria isolated from drinking water distribution systems were examined to determine if they possessed putative virulence factors such as hemolysins, proteases, or cytotoxins. Representative samples of colonies from several different distribution systems indicated that the median percentage of heterotrophic bacteria having at least one putative virulence characteristic was about 11% and all of the samples contained bacteria expressing at least one putative virulence characteristic. The overall frequency of bacteria from drinking water distribution samples expressing more than one putative virulence factor ranged from 0 to 8%. The eukaryotic cell culture cytotoxicity test appeared to be the most reliable indicator of those bacteria expressing multiple virulence factors. The results also indicated that the expression of putative virulence factors was highly dependent upon the type of isolation medium used. Although slow-growing heterotrophic bacteria occurred at high densities in certain systems, they expressed very few of the putative virulence factors observed in this study. (Author's abstract) JF - Environmental Toxicology and Water Quality, Vol. 8, No. 1, p 13-23, February 1993. 1 fig, 3 tab, 22 ref. AU - Lye, D J AU - Dufour AD - Microbiology Research Division, Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH Y1 - 1993/02// PY - 1993 DA - Feb 1993 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - *Heterotrophic bacteria KW - *Potable water KW - *Virulence KW - *Water quality KW - Bacteria KW - Biochemistry KW - Cytotoxicity KW - Drinking water KW - Ecotoxicology KW - Microbiological studies KW - Toxicity KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19158264?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Virulence+Characteristics+of+Heterotrophic+Bacteria+Commonly+Isolated+from+Potable+Water&rft.au=Lye%2C+D+J%3BDufour&rft.aulast=Lye&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1993-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of the Distribution System on Drinking-Water Quality AN - 19134199; 9305460 AB - The Safe Drinking Water Act and its Amendments has focused interest on the deterioration of water between treatment plant and consumer. The distribution system itself can contribute to this deterioration. Numerous examples of waterborne outbreaks have demonstrated the importance of the distribution system in preventing disease. Water-quality propagation models can be used to study the factors that contribute to water-quality deterioration. These models have been used in many locations to study contaminant propagation. Contaminant propagation models were applied at the South Central Connecticut Regional Water Authority. The fluoride feed was cut off at the water treatment plant to calibrate the model and determine residence times in the system. The defluoridated water was used as a conservative tracer for the movement of flow through the system. An extensive simulation of the system was conducted to predict contaminant propagation and chlorine decay. After completing the simulation study, a sampling program was conducted in which the field results generally verified the model predictions. Water quality varied widely over the service area. Long retention times in storage tanks and pipe-wall demand, especially in dead-end sections , caused significant losses in chlorine residuals. (Author's abstract) JF - Aqua AQUAAA, Vol. 42, No. 1, p 30-38, February 1993. 4 fig, 1 tab, 15 ref. AU - Clark, R M AU - Goodrich, JA AU - Wymer, L J AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH. Risk Reduction Engineering Lab Y1 - 1993/02// PY - 1993 DA - Feb 1993 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Descriptors: *Contamination KW - *Drinking water KW - *Model studies KW - *Water distribution systems KW - *Water quality KW - Calibrations KW - Chlorination KW - Connecticut KW - Contaminant propagation models KW - Fluorides KW - Residence time KW - Residual chlorine KW - Retention time KW - Storage tanks KW - Tracers KW - Water sampling KW - Waterborne diseases KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19134199?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Effect+of+the+Distribution+System+on+Drinking-Water+Quality&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BGoodrich%2C+JA%3BWymer%2C+L+J&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Great Lakes River-Estuary Hydrodynamics Finite Element Model (Discussion and Closure by Authors) AN - 19118641; 9305347 AB - The authors are complimented for addressing water-quality problems in Green Bay, Wisconsin. Unfortunately, the proposed model does not address the major water-quality issues in Green Ba y and may not be useful as a general- purpose model. A depth-averaged model is not adequate to determine cause and effect during the stratified conditions that exist in the navigation channel when low dissolved oxygen (DO) events occur, and cannot address the resuspension of contaminated sediments. The management of dredged materials requires site-specific models, not general-purpose models. The calibration seems inadequate. The quantity and quality of the data used to calibrate and validate the authors' model was questioned for use in other models, and no data quality-assurance methods or thresholds for velocity recordings were specified. Generally, this finite element model does not seem to represent an advance in modeling technology. This model was not actually applied to an estuary. The Manning coefficient is assumed to vary with depth, perhaps to provide calibration flexibility. A statistical analysis was not provided. Vector analysis and similar statistical testing of the water-su rface elevations and currents would be appropriate for the model calibrated by the authors. Nevertheless, the two-dimensional model could be used for screening level simulations. (See also W92-03797) (Fish-PTT) JF - Journal of Hydraulic Engineering (ASCE) JHEND8, Vol. 119, No. 2, p 292-296, February 1993. 4 ref. AU - McCutcheon, S C AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, GA. Southeast Environmental Research Lab Y1 - 1993/02// PY - 1993 DA - Feb 1993 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Descriptors: *Data interpretation KW - *Finite element method KW - *Green Bay KW - *Model studies KW - *Water quality KW - *Wisconsin KW - Calibrations KW - Data quality control KW - Dissolved oxygen KW - Dredging KW - Literature review KW - Reviews KW - Statistical analysis KW - Suspended sediments KW - Two-dimensional models KW - Water quality management KW - Water quality monitoring KW - SW 6020:Hydraulics KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19118641?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Great+Lakes+River-Estuary+Hydrodynamics+Finite+Element+Model+%28Discussion+and+Closure+by+Authors%29&rft.au=McCutcheon%2C+S+C&rft.aulast=McCutcheon&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1993-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cytogenetic studies of rodents exposed to styrene by inhalation. AN - 76306524; 8070867 AB - Female B6C3F1 mice and Fischer 344 rats were exposed to styrene at nominal concentrations of 125, 250 and 500 ppm by inhalation for 6 h per day for 14 consecutive days. One day after the final exposure, murine peripheral blood lymphocytes, spleen and lungs were removed, and the cells were cultured for analysis of chromosomal aberrations, micronucleus induction (using the cytochalasin B-block method) and sister chromatid exchange. Peripheral blood smears were scored for micronucleus induction in normochromatic erythrocytes. For the rats, peripheral blood lymphocytes were cultured for analyses of sister chromatid exchange, chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei in cytochalasin B-induced binucleated cells and were also examined in the single-cell gel assay for analysis of DNA strand breakage under alkaline conditions. Bone-marrow smears were made from femurs of rats for analysis of micronucleus induction in normochromatic erythrocytes. Small but statistically significant concentration-related increases in the frequency of sister chromatid exchange were seen in both mice and rats in all cell types examined. No statistically significant concentration-related increase in chromosomal aberration or micronucleus induction frequencies were observed in either species, and there was no significant increase in DNA strand breakage in peripheral blood lymphocytes from exposed rats. These results indicate that styrene is a weak inducer of sister chromatid exchange in vivo when administration to rodents by inhalation. JF - IARC scientific publications AU - Kligerman, A D AU - Allen, J W AU - Erexson, G L AU - Morgan, D L AD - US Environmental Protection Agency. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 217 EP - 224 IS - 127 SN - 0300-5038, 0300-5038 KW - Styrenes KW - 0 KW - Styrene KW - 44LJ2U959V KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - DNA Damage KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Mice KW - Rats KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Micronucleus Tests KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Sister Chromatid Exchange -- drug effects KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Lung -- ultrastructure KW - Lymphocytes -- ultrastructure KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Female KW - Chromosomes -- drug effects KW - Styrenes -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76306524?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.atitle=Cytogenetic+studies+of+rodents+exposed+to+styrene+by+inhalation.&rft.au=Kligerman%2C+A+D%3BAllen%2C+J+W%3BErexson%2C+G+L%3BMorgan%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Kligerman&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=127&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.issn=03005038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-09-29 N1 - Date created - 1994-09-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrogen oxides in ambient air--properties, sources and concentrations. AN - 76281541; 8209200 JF - Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health AU - Boström, C E AD - Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Stockholm. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 9 EP - 13 VL - 19 Suppl 2 SN - 0355-3140, 0355-3140 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Nitrogen Oxides KW - Index Medicus KW - Maximum Allowable Concentration KW - Humans KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Nitrogen Oxides -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Nitrogen Oxides -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76281541?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scandinavian+journal+of+work%2C+environment+%26+health&rft.atitle=Nitrogen+oxides+in+ambient+air--properties%2C+sources+and+concentrations.&rft.au=Bostr%C3%B6m%2C+C+E&rft.aulast=Bostr%C3%B6m&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=19+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scandinavian+journal+of+work%2C+environment+%26+health&rft.issn=03553140&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-07-12 N1 - Date created - 1994-07-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reference dose of the United States Environmental Protection Agency. AN - 76277675; 8159958 JF - Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health AU - Dourson, M L AD - Environmental Criteria & Assessment Office, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 115 EP - 118 VL - 19 Suppl 1 SN - 0355-3140, 0355-3140 KW - Trace Elements KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Maximum Allowable Concentration KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Reference Standards KW - Terminology as Topic KW - Trace Elements -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Exposure -- standards KW - Trace Elements -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76277675?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scandinavian+journal+of+work%2C+environment+%26+health&rft.atitle=Reference+dose+of+the+United+States+Environmental+Protection+Agency.&rft.au=Dourson%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Dourson&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=19+Suppl+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scandinavian+journal+of+work%2C+environment+%26+health&rft.issn=03553140&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-05-19 N1 - Date created - 1994-05-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantification of reactive gliosis as an approach to neurotoxicity assessment. AN - 76174275; 8289911 JF - NIDA research monograph AU - O'Callaghan, J P AU - Miller, D B AD - Neurotoxicology Division (MD-74B), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 188 EP - 212 VL - 136 SN - 1046-9516, 1046-9516 KW - Amphetamines KW - 0 KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - MPTP Poisoning KW - Humans KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Amphetamines -- toxicity KW - Astrocytes -- drug effects KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- analysis KW - Toxicology -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76174275?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.atitle=Quantification+of+reactive+gliosis+as+an+approach+to+neurotoxicity+assessment.&rft.au=O%27Callaghan%2C+J+P%3BMiller%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=O%27Callaghan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=136&rft.issue=&rft.spage=188&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.issn=10469516&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-02-23 N1 - Date created - 1994-02-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sensory-evoked potentials: measures of neurotoxicity. AN - 76174178; 8289915 JF - NIDA research monograph AU - Boyes, W K AD - Neurophysiological Toxicology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 63 EP - 98; discussion 98-100 VL - 136 SN - 1046-9516, 1046-9516 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Sensation -- drug effects KW - Evoked Potentials, Visual -- drug effects KW - Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76174178?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.atitle=Sensory-evoked+potentials%3A+measures+of+neurotoxicity.&rft.au=Boyes%2C+W+K&rft.aulast=Boyes&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=136&rft.issue=&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.issn=10469516&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-02-23 N1 - Date created - 1994-02-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neurobehavioral methods used in neurotoxicology. AN - 76167912; 8289908 AB - The use of neurobehavioral techniques in toxicology has increased dramatically over the past several years. Several national and international groups have recommended that neurobehavioral tests be included in the initial stages of hazard identification, and regulatory agencies have responded by preparing testing guidelines or requiring behavioral tests data for premarket approval of environmental and pharmaceutical chemicals. In addition, neurobehavioral data have been used to set exposure limits in the workplace. In the future, neurobehavioral data will be used more frequently in the area of risk assessment, which has been defined as the "characterization of the potential adverse effects of human exposure to environmental hazards" (National Academy of Sciences 1983). Good risk assessment depends on the ability to determine whether a particular agent is or is not causally linked to a particular health effect and on the availability of dose-response data for quantitative risk assessment. Neurobehavioral techniques used in animal behavioral toxicology measure neurobiological functions similar to those measured in humans. In addition, neurobehavioral procedures can be used in longitudinal studies where the onset and duration of effects of chemical exposure can be measured in the same animal. Neurobehavioral techniques are also amenable to the study of tolerance and compensation following repeated exposure or following recovery of function that can occur following cessation of exposure. Therefore, neurobehavioral procedures provide a valuable tool for research designed to reduce major uncertainties associated with the risk assessment process, such as animal to human extrapolation (homology of animal models) and dosing issues (i.e., high-to-low dose, acute vs. repeated dosing, and continuous vs. episodic dosing). Although the use of neurobehavioral procedures has had a significant impact on neurotoxicology, their use in the risk assessment process and in monitoring populations for possible subtle changes in neurobiological function will be limited if additional research is not done to understand the neural substrates underlying neurobehavioral endpoints. The ability to link chemically induced behavioral changes to alterations at the neurophysiological, neurochemical, and neuroanatomical levels will lead to a greater acceptance of the validity and reliability of neurobehavioral endpoints in defining adverse effects of chemicals on the nervous system. JF - NIDA research monograph AU - Tilson, H A AD - Neurotoxicology Division (MD-74B), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Health Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 1 EP - 30; discussion 31-3 VL - 136 SN - 1046-9516, 1046-9516 KW - Index Medicus KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Sensation -- drug effects KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Conditioning (Psychology) -- drug effects KW - Behavior -- drug effects KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Toxicology -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76167912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.atitle=Neurobehavioral+methods+used+in+neurotoxicology.&rft.au=Tilson%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Tilson&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=136&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.issn=10469516&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-02-23 N1 - Date created - 1994-02-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mapping toxicant-induced nervous system damage with a cupric silver stain: a quantitative analysis of neural degeneration induced by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine. AN - 76165564; 7904725 JF - NIDA research monograph AU - Jensen, K F AU - Olin, J AU - Haykal-Coates, N AU - O'Callaghan, J AU - Miller, D B AU - de Olmos, J S AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 133 EP - 49; discussion 150-4 VL - 136 SN - 1046-9516, 1046-9516 KW - Serotonin KW - 333DO1RDJY KW - 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine KW - 4764-17-4 KW - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine KW - KE1SEN21RM KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Serotonin -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Brain -- pathology KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Silver Staining KW - 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76165564?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.atitle=Mapping+toxicant-induced+nervous+system+damage+with+a+cupric+silver+stain%3A+a+quantitative+analysis+of+neural+degeneration+induced+by+3%2C4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine.&rft.au=Jensen%2C+K+F%3BOlin%2C+J%3BHaykal-Coates%2C+N%3BO%27Callaghan%2C+J%3BMiller%2C+D+B%3Bde+Olmos%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Jensen&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=136&rft.issue=&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NIDA+research+monograph&rft.issn=10469516&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-02-23 N1 - Date created - 1994-02-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Drinking water health advisory program. AN - 76152989; 8279727 AB - The US Environmental Protection Agency prepares Health Advisories (HA) for drinking water contaminants. The HA provide technical guidance to public health officials or other interested groups on many aspects concerning drinking water contamination. The HA contain information on the chemistry, health effects, analytical methods and treatment technologies for specific contaminants. In addition, the HA include a risk assessment section which provides concentrations of the contaminant in drinking water that are not anticipated to cause adverse, noncancer health effects for 1 or 10 days or for longer exposures. Because the HA include risk assessments for less than lifetime exposures, they are useful when accidental spills occur or when regulatory limits are temporarily exceeded. The guidance documents are updated when new information becomes available that would change the previous conclusions. JF - Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita AU - Zavaleta, J O AU - Cantilli, R AU - Ohanian, E V AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Science and Technology, Washington, DC. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 355 EP - 358 VL - 29 IS - 2 SN - 0021-2571, 0021-2571 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Risk Factors KW - Water Microbiology -- standards KW - Water Supply -- standards KW - Water Pollution, Chemical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76152989?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annali+dell%27Istituto+superiore+di+sanita&rft.atitle=Drinking+water+health+advisory+program.&rft.au=Zavaleta%2C+J+O%3BCantilli%2C+R%3BOhanian%2C+E+V&rft.aulast=Zavaleta&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=355&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annali+dell%27Istituto+superiore+di+sanita&rft.issn=00212571&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-02-10 N1 - Date created - 1994-02-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Subchronic toxicity study of 1,3-dichloropropanone in Sprague-Dawley rats. AN - 76150551; 8281888 AB - 1,3-Dichloropropanone (1,3-DCP) has been identified as a by-product of the chlorination of water and thus a potential contaminant in drinking water. Since little was known of its oral toxicity, subchronic exposure studies were conducted with male and female Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to 1,3-DCP in drinking water at 0, 5, 65, or 125 ppm for 90 days. Evaluations included mortality, clinical signs, body weight, food consumption, hematology, clinical chemistry, organ weights, gross pathology, and histopathology. No significant organ toxicity was detected although an aversion to drinking 1,3-DCP treated water was observed at 65 and 125 ppm. The only consistent change was a decrease in BUN at 125 ppm in both sexes. Based on a decrease in BUN levels and decreased water consumption, 5 ppm (0.5 mg/kg/day) was considered the NOAEL. JF - Drug and chemical toxicology AU - Daniel, F B AU - Robinson, M AU - Stober, J A AU - Olson, G R AU - Page, N P AD - Ecological Monitoring Research Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 341 EP - 350 VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 0148-0545, 0148-0545 KW - Acetone KW - 1364PS73AF KW - 1,3-dichloroacetone KW - UFH8559WS5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Leukocytes -- drug effects KW - Acetone -- toxicity KW - Acetone -- analogs & derivatives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76150551?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.atitle=Subchronic+toxicity+study+of+1%2C3-dichloropropanone+in+Sprague-Dawley+rats.&rft.au=Daniel%2C+F+B%3BRobinson%2C+M%3BStober%2C+J+A%3BOlson%2C+G+R%3BPage%2C+N+P&rft.aulast=Daniel&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=341&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.issn=01480545&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-02-16 N1 - Date created - 1994-02-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ten and ninety-day toxicity studies of 2,4-dimethylphenol in Sprague-Dawley rats. AN - 76149438; 8281889 AB - Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats received 2,4-dimethylphenol daily by gavage for 10 or 90 consecutive days. The 10-day acute study doses were 0, 60, 120, 600 and 1200 mg/kg; the 90-day subchronic study doses were 0, 60, 180 and 540 mg/kg. Corn oil was used as the vehicle. In the 10-day study, all the high dose animals died. At 600 mg/kg there was a significant increase in relative liver weight in females and several significant alterations in hematologic and clinical chemistry values in both sexes. Histopathological examination revealed changes associated with the forestomach in all dose groups. The 90-day study had numerous compound-related deaths at the 540 mg/kg level. In addition, the final body weight in high dose males and females was significantly less while absolute lung weights and relative liver weights in females, and relative brain, kidney and testes weights in males were also altered. Significant clinical chemistry findings in high dose animals (540 mg/kg) included reduced creatinine and increased cholesterol in both sexes, with increased triglycerides and decreased AST in males only. Histopathologic evaluation revealed hyperkeratosis and epithelial hyperplasia of the forestomach in males and females in the middle and high-dose groups. JF - Drug and chemical toxicology AU - Daniel, F B AU - Robinson, M AU - Olson, G R AU - York, R G AU - Condie, L W AD - Ecological Monitoring Research Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 351 EP - 368 VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 0148-0545, 0148-0545 KW - Xylenes KW - 0 KW - 2,4-dimethylphenol KW - 5OD803C081 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Xylenes -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76149438?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.atitle=Ten+and+ninety-day+toxicity+studies+of+2%2C4-dimethylphenol+in+Sprague-Dawley+rats.&rft.au=Daniel%2C+F+B%3BRobinson%2C+M%3BOlson%2C+G+R%3BYork%2C+R+G%3BCondie%2C+L+W&rft.aulast=Daniel&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=351&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.issn=01480545&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-02-16 N1 - Date created - 1994-02-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Auditory and visual dysfunction following lead exposure. AN - 76069094; 8247393 AB - The effects of lead exposure on cognitive function have been intensively studied during the past decade, but relatively little effort has been made to understand the impact on sensory function. Subtle impairments of visual and/or auditory processing, however, could have profound effects on learning. The objectives of this paper are to review what is known about the effects of lead exposure on visual and auditory function and to identify related research needs. In particular, the effects of lead exposure on sensory function in children, which have not been studied adequately, will be discussed. Evidence from human and animal studies reveal that lead exposure impairs auditory function. The cochlear nerve and more central structures appear to be preferentially sensitive in both developing and mature humans and experimental animals. Elevations in hearing thresholds and increased latencies of brainstem auditory evoked potential have been reported at low-moderate levels of lead exposure. Higher doses of lead increase the threshold of the auditory nerve action potential, produce segmental demyelination and axonal degeneration of the cochlear nerve, but appear to have no effect on cochlear microphonics or structure. Lead exposure affects both the retina and visual cortex of the developing and mature visual system. Low to moderate level developmental lead exposure produces selective rod deficits which can be detected with electrophysiological and behavioral techniques. At slightly higher levels of lead exposure the visual cortex is affected. A wide range of functional and neurochemical effects on retinal function occurring at blood lead levels below 20 micrograms/dl, the current level of concern, have been observed in rats. Structural, biophysical and photochemical similarities of rods in rats, monkeys and humans argue the relevance of this data for pediatric lead screening. To date, however, rod-mediated visual functions have not been examined in lead-exposed children. Undetected sensory deficits of these kinds may have profound impact on the motor and mental development of children as well as on the quality of life of affected adults. There is clearly a need for more extensive sensory testing in children and workers to screen for lead-induced health effects and in animal models to clarify the mechanisms of lead neurotoxicity. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Otto, D A AU - Fox, D A AD - Human Studies Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. PY - 1993 SP - 191 EP - 207 VL - 14 IS - 2-3 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem -- drug effects KW - Lead Poisoning -- complications KW - Auditory Perceptual Disorders -- chemically induced KW - Visual Perception -- drug effects KW - Lead Poisoning -- physiopathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76069094?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Auditory+and+visual+dysfunction+following+lead+exposure.&rft.au=Otto%2C+D+A%3BFox%2C+D+A&rft.aulast=Otto&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-01-05 N1 - Date created - 1994-01-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 32P-postlabelling in studies of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon activation. AN - 76058570; 8225511 AB - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) undergo metabolic activation reactions to yield intermediates that react with DNA to form covalent adducts. PAH administration leads to the formation of various types of DNA adducts that may differ between species, strains and tissues due to differences in metabolic activation and repair. The structures of PAH-DNA adducts can be identified by three approaches: co-chromatography with synthetic mononucleotide adduct standards; examining the adducts resulting from metabolism of pathway intermediates; or chemically blocking metabolic activation at specific sites on the PAH. Administration of putative metabolic intermediates of a PAH leads to enhanced formation of DNA adducts resulting from further activation along that pathway. Conversely, chemically blocking a bond or position on a PAH prevents adducts arising from activation at that site. By comparing the DNA adduct spectra generated by metabolites, blocked forms, and parent PAH administration, the pathways important in the metabolic activation of the PAH in each tissue may be deduced. Partial identification of these adducts may also be made by co-chromatography with the products of reactions between synthetic reactive intermediates and defined polydeoxynucleotides, and more thorough identification by using synthetic DNA adduct standards. These approaches have all been successfully applied to studies of PAH activation, and are reviewed here. JF - IARC scientific publications AU - Ross, J A AU - Nesnow, S AD - Carcinogenesis and Metabolism Branch, US Environmental Protection Agency, Health Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 71 EP - 78 IS - 124 SN - 0300-5038, 0300-5038 KW - Benz(a)Anthracenes KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Phosphorus Radioisotopes KW - Polycyclic Compounds KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - 3417WMA06D KW - Methylcholanthrene KW - 56-49-5 KW - benz(j)aceanthrylene KW - 844QXH8PK1 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - 1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene KW - T30ELH3D5X KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Methylcholanthrene -- analogs & derivatives KW - Methylcholanthrene -- pharmacokinetics KW - DNA Damage KW - Biotransformation KW - DNA -- analysis KW - Mice KW - Benzo(a)pyrene -- pharmacokinetics KW - Male KW - Environmental Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics KW - Benz(a)Anthracenes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- pharmacokinetics KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- analysis KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76058570?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.atitle=32P-postlabelling+in+studies+of+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbon+activation.&rft.au=Ross%2C+J+A%3BNesnow%2C+S&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=124&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.issn=03005038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-12-06 N1 - Date created - 1993-12-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DNA adduct profiles and levels in placenta, blood and lung in relation to cigarette smoking and smoky coal emissions. AN - 76047804; 8225497 AB - Tobacco smoking and indoor smoky coal combustion emissions lead to exposures to complex environmental mixtures that have been associated with increased lung cancer mortality rates in the USA and Xuan Wei County, China, respectively. Human exposures to benzo[a[pyrene (BaP) present in smoky coal emissions are 20-200 times greater than exposure to BaP from smoking 1-2 packs of cigarettes per day. We compared DNA adducts resulting from cigarette smoking and coal smoke exposures in blood cells, placental syncytial nuclei, whole placental tissue homogenates and lung cells. Postlabelling analysis of DNA isolated from placental tissue of smokers revealed multiple adducts as a diagonal radioactive zone. DNA adduct levels for both white blood cells (WBC) and lymphocyte DNA were approximately 2.5-fold higher in smokers than in non-smokers. One smoking-related adduct was detected in both WBC and lymphocyte DNA, but no exposure-related adducts were detected in either WBC DNA or placental tissue DNA isolated from coal smoke-exposed individuals, despite higher exposure to BaP and aromatic organics. In contrast, discrete adducts unrelated to smoking status were detected, by 32P-postlabelling analysis, in DNA from syncytial nuclei isolated from placental villus samples from smokers and non-smokers. One major placental syncytial adduct co-migrated with a major BaP-derived DNA adduct. DNA adduct levels were approximately four-fold higher in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells from coal smoke-exposed individuals compared to unexposed individuals and suggest that DNA-reactive intermediates concentrate in the respiratory tract and may not be detectable in whole WBC or placental tissue homogenates. Our findings also suggest that the distribution and concentration of placental DNA adducts may be dependent on the site at which the placenta is sampled. JF - IARC scientific publications AU - Gallagher, J AU - Mumford, J AU - Li, X AU - Shank, T AU - Manchester, D AU - Lewtas, J AD - US Environmental Protection Agency MD, Genetic Toxicology Division, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 283 EP - 292 IS - 124 SN - 0300-5038, 0300-5038 KW - Coal KW - 0 KW - Phosphorus Radioisotopes KW - Smoke KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Smoke -- adverse effects KW - Placenta -- chemistry KW - Leukocytes -- chemistry KW - Humans KW - Lung -- chemistry KW - Adult KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Coal -- adverse effects KW - DNA Damage KW - DNA -- blood KW - Smoking -- metabolism KW - DNA -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76047804?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.atitle=DNA+adduct+profiles+and+levels+in+placenta%2C+blood+and+lung+in+relation+to+cigarette+smoking+and+smoky+coal+emissions.&rft.au=Gallagher%2C+J%3BMumford%2C+J%3BLi%2C+X%3BShank%2C+T%3BManchester%2C+D%3BLewtas%2C+J&rft.aulast=Gallagher&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=124&rft.spage=283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.issn=03005038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-12-06 N1 - Date created - 1993-12-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ki-ras oncogene mutations in tumors and DNA adducts formed by benz[j]aceanthrylene and benzo[a]pyrene in the lungs of strain A/J mice. AN - 76028505; 8216737 AB - Strain A/J mice received intraperitoneal injections of benz[j]aceanthrylene (B[j]A) or benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P). At 24, 48, and 72 h, lung tissues were removed for analysis of B[a]P- or B[j]A-derived DNA adduct formation during the first 3 d of exposure. One group of mice exposed to these hydrocarbons was kept for 8 mo to determine lung tumor multiplicity, the occurrence of mutations in codons 12 and 61 of the Ki-ras gene in the tumors that arose, the relationship between Ki-ras oncogene mutations in tumors, and the presence and quantity of genomic DNA adducts. The major DNA adduct in the lungs of mice exposed to B[a]P was N2-(10 beta-[+B, 7 alpha, 9 alpha-trihydroxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene]yl)-deoxyguanosine (BPDE-I-dGuo) arising from bay-region diolepoxide activation of B[a]P and was consistent with the occurrence of tumors with mutations GGT-->TGT (56%), GGT-->GTT (25%), and GGT-->GAT (19%) in codon 12, all involving mutations of a guanine. B[j]A, a demethylated analogue of 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MCA) with an unsaturated cyclopenta ring, produced 16-to 60-fold more tumors at equivalent doses than did B[a]P; the mutations in tumors were GGT-->TGT (4%), GGT-->GTT (30%), and GGT-->CGT (65%). Analysis of adduction patterns in DNA suggested that B[j]A was activated to form DNA-binding derivatives in A/J mouse lungs primarily at the cyclopenta ring even though B[j]A contains a bay region. As reported in the published literature, the mutation spectrum induced by 3-MCA in Ki-ras codon 12 of mouse cells is similar to that of B[a]P but not to that of its close relative B[j]A. In contrast to B[j]A, 3-MCA is activated mostly via a bay-region diol-epoxide since its cyclopenta ring is saturated and not easily epoxidates. Therefore, we propose that the GGT-->CGT mutations produced by B[j]A in Ki-ras codon 12 were mostly the result of cyclopenta-ring-derived adducts. JF - Molecular carcinogenesis AU - Mass, M J AU - Jeffers, A J AU - Ross, J A AU - Nelson, G AU - Galati, A J AU - Stoner, G D AU - Nesnow, S AD - Carcinogenesis and Metabolism Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 186 EP - 192 VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 0899-1987, 0899-1987 KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - 3417WMA06D KW - Methylcholanthrene KW - 56-49-5 KW - benz(j)aceanthrylene KW - 844QXH8PK1 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Mice, Inbred A KW - Animals KW - Base Sequence KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Mice KW - Genes, ras KW - Methylcholanthrene -- analogs & derivatives KW - Lung Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Mutation KW - Methylcholanthrene -- metabolism KW - Lung Neoplasms -- metabolism KW - Benzo(a)pyrene -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76028505?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Ki-ras+oncogene+mutations+in+tumors+and+DNA+adducts+formed+by+benz%5Bj%5Daceanthrylene+and+benzo%5Ba%5Dpyrene+in+the+lungs+of+strain+A%2FJ+mice.&rft.au=Mass%2C+M+J%3BJeffers%2C+A+J%3BRoss%2C+J+A%3BNelson%2C+G%3BGalati%2C+A+J%3BStoner%2C+G+D%3BNesnow%2C+S&rft.aulast=Mass&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=186&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+carcinogenesis&rft.issn=08991987&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-12-22 N1 - Date created - 1993-12-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Subchronic toxicity study of 1,1-dichloro-2-propanone in Sprague-Dawley rats. AN - 76007800; 8404548 AB - Groups of 10 male and 10 female Sprague-Dawley rats were administered 1,1-dichloro-2-propanone in corn oil by gavage at 0, 10, 20, 40, or 80 mg/kg/day for 90 consecutive days. Food and water consumption, body and organ weights, organ-to-body weight ratios, hematology, and clinical chemistry parameters were determined. Gross and microscopic pathology examinations also were conducted. No treatment-related mortality was observed during the study; however, liver, forestomach, and kidney toxicity was evident. Liver changes consisted of cytoplasmic alteration, cytomegaly, karyomegaly, and bile duct hyperplasia. These occurred with significance of p < or = 0.05 at or above 10 mg/kg/day in both sexes. The forestomach lesions included hyperkeratosis and epithelial hyperplasia in both sexes at 40 and 80 mg/kg/day, and ulcerations at 80 mg/kg/day. Also, an increased incidence and severity of spontaneously occurring chronic progressive nephropathy was most apparent in high dose males. Increases in organ-to-body weight ratios were noted for the liver and kidneys in females at the highest dose level and in males at the two highest dose levels. Serum enzymes (ALT, AST, and LDH) were increased in females and decreased in males. Based on liver lesions and biochemical changes, it was concluded that there was no experimentally definable NOAEL. JF - Drug and chemical toxicology AU - Daniel, F B AU - Robinson, M AU - Olson, G R AU - Bercz, J P AU - Page, N P AD - Ecological Monitoring Research Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 293 EP - 305 VL - 16 IS - 3 SN - 0148-0545, 0148-0545 KW - Acetone KW - 1364PS73AF KW - Corn Oil KW - 8001-30-7 KW - 1,1-dichloroacetone KW - MCU87D3FRT KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Eating -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Kidney -- pathology KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Kidney -- drug effects KW - Stomach -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Stomach -- pathology KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Drinking -- drug effects KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Acetone -- toxicity KW - Acetone -- analogs & derivatives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76007800?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.atitle=Subchronic+toxicity+study+of+1%2C1-dichloro-2-propanone+in+Sprague-Dawley+rats.&rft.au=Daniel%2C+F+B%3BRobinson%2C+M%3BOlson%2C+G+R%3BBercz%2C+J+P%3BPage%2C+N+P&rft.aulast=Daniel&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.issn=01480545&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-11-04 N1 - Date created - 1993-11-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ten and ninety-day toxicity studies of 2-chlorophenol in Sprague-Dawley rats. AN - 76003847; 8404547 AB - Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats received 2-chlorophenol in corn oil daily by gavage for 10 or 90 consecutive days. The 10-day study doses were 13, 64, 129 and 257 mg/kg while the 90-day subchronic study doses were 17, 50 and 150 mg/kg. In the 10-day study, hematologic and clinical chemistry, food and water consumption, absolute and relative organ weights, and histopathological findings revealed no compound or sex-related effects. In the 90-day study there were no significant gross or histopathological findings that were treatment-related in either sex. There were statistically significant differences between control and treated groups associated with hematology, clinical chemistry and organ weights; however, none of the differences were considered to be biologically meaningful. JF - Drug and chemical toxicology AU - Daniel, F B AU - Robinson, M AU - Olson, G R AU - York, R G AU - Condie, L W AD - Ecological Monitoring Research Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 277 EP - 291 VL - 16 IS - 3 SN - 0148-0545, 0148-0545 KW - Blood Glucose KW - 0 KW - Chlorophenols KW - 2-chlorophenol KW - K9KAV4K6BN KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Eating -- drug effects KW - Erythrocytes -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Blood Glucose -- metabolism KW - Drinking -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Risk Factors KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Water Supply KW - Hematocrit KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Chlorophenols -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76003847?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.atitle=Ten+and+ninety-day+toxicity+studies+of+2-chlorophenol+in+Sprague-Dawley+rats.&rft.au=Daniel%2C+F+B%3BRobinson%2C+M%3BOlson%2C+G+R%3BYork%2C+R+G%3BCondie%2C+L+W&rft.aulast=Daniel&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.issn=01480545&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-11-04 N1 - Date created - 1993-11-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure-activity approaches in the screening of environmental agents for developmental toxicity. AN - 75988013; 8400629 JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Kavlock, R J AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 113 EP - 116 VL - 7 Suppl 1 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Toxicology -- methods KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- etiology KW - Drug Evaluation, Preclinical -- methods KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75988013?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Structure-activity+approaches+in+the+screening+of+environmental+agents+for+developmental+toxicity.&rft.au=Kavlock%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Kavlock&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=7+Suppl+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-11-23 N1 - Date created - 1993-11-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exposure assessment from field studies. AN - 75797370; 8514344 JF - IARC scientific publications AU - Wallace, L AD - EPA/EPIC, Warrenton, VA 22186-5129. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 136 EP - 152 IS - 109 SN - 0300-5038, 0300-5038 KW - Metals KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Infant KW - Metals -- blood KW - Humans KW - Surveys and Questionnaires KW - Pilot Projects KW - Child KW - Female KW - Breath Tests KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75797370?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.atitle=Exposure+assessment+from+field+studies.&rft.au=Wallace%2C+L&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=109&rft.spage=136&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.issn=03005038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-07-19 N1 - Date created - 1993-07-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of mutagens by the microsuspension forward-mutation assay in Salmonella typhimurium strain TM677. AN - 75795282; 8514362 JF - IARC scientific publications AU - Andon, B AU - Claxton, L AU - Goto, S AU - Lewtas, J AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 307 EP - 313 IS - 109 SN - 0300-5038, 0300-5038 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Pentosyltransferases KW - EC 2.4.2.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Pentosyltransferases -- genetics KW - Pentosyltransferases -- drug effects KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- drug effects KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- genetics KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- enzymology KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- methods KW - Mutagens -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75795282?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+mutagens+by+the+microsuspension+forward-mutation+assay+in+Salmonella+typhimurium+strain+TM677.&rft.au=Andon%2C+B%3BClaxton%2C+L%3BGoto%2C+S%3BLewtas%2C+J&rft.aulast=Andon&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=109&rft.spage=307&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.issn=03005038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-07-19 N1 - Date created - 1993-07-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A linear model relating breath concentrations to environmental exposures: application to a chamber study of four volunteers exposed to volatile organic chemicals. AN - 75794741; 8518547 AB - A linear model relating levels of volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) in exhaled breath to personal exposures at environmental (parts per billion) levels has been developed and evaluated in a chamber study of four human volunteers. The purpose of the model is to allow estimation of VOC concentrations in the body from measurements of exposure, or conversely to estimate previous exposure from a measurement of exhaled breath. The model differs from previous models in considering long-term inhalation at low or moderate concentrations rather than instantaneous intake (as in drug administration) or intermittent exposure at high concentrations (as in occupational situations). The model is based on a mass balance approach using one or more compartments to represent distribution of the chemical in the body. The main observable parameters in the model are the residence times tau 1 in the compartments, their "capacities" Ai, and the fraction f of the parent compound that is exhaled under equilibrium conditions. The basic equations for the one-, two-, three-, and n-compartment cases are derived. Solutions to these equations for the cases of a sudden constant high exposure, a sudden constant low exposure, and a linearly increasing exposure are provided. These solutions can be readily applied to more complex exposure scenarios. The chamber study suggests residence times on the order of a few minutes in the blood and 1-2 hr in the vessel-rich group of tissues. The design of the chamber study did not allow an estimate of the model parameters for fat; a subsequent chamber study has provided initial estimates of 50-100 hr. Field studies of personal exposures and breath concentrations of several hundred persons suggest values of f ranging from 0.1 for xylenes and ethylbenzene to about 0.9 for tetrachloroethylene. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Wallace, L AU - Pellizzari, E AU - Gordon, S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Warrenton, Virginia 22091. PY - 1993 SP - 75 EP - 102 VL - 3 IS - 1 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Hydrocarbons KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Humans KW - Body Burden KW - Atmosphere Exposure Chambers KW - Time Factors KW - Hydrocarbons -- analysis KW - Hydrocarbons -- pharmacokinetics KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Hydrocarbons -- blood KW - Models, Biological KW - Breath Tests UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75794741?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=A+linear+model+relating+breath+concentrations+to+environmental+exposures%3A+application+to+a+chamber+study+of+four+volunteers+exposed+to+volatile+organic+chemicals.&rft.au=Wallace%2C+L%3BPellizzari%2C+E%3BGordon%2C+S&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-07-26 N1 - Date created - 1993-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioassay of complex mixtures of indoor air pollutants. AN - 75782443; 8514373 AB - The development of short-term genetic bioassays has made it possible to conduct mutagenicity studies on complex mixtures of indoor air pollutants. Although most of the studies have used the standard S. typhimurium/microsome reversion assay developed by Ames et al. (1975), the development of microsuspension mutagenesis methods (see Methods 18 and 19, this volume) has facilitated wider use of bioassays in indoor air pollution studies. It is clear from the studies reviewed here that environmental tobacco smoke is the major source of mutagens indoors. Other sources which produce significant, but much smaller, increases in indoor air mutagenicity include outdoor air and other indoor combustion sources (e.g., cooking, kerosene heaters and open fireplaces burning wood). These studies have been based on measurement of the bacterial mutagenicity of extracts from particulate matter. A limited number of reports, however, indicate that volatile and semi-volatile constituents of indoor air may also be mutagenic and deserve further study. JF - IARC scientific publications AU - Lewtas, J AU - Claxton, L AU - Mumford, J AU - Lofroth, G AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27722. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 85 EP - 95 IS - 109 SN - 0300-5038, 0300-5038 KW - Polycyclic Compounds KW - 0 KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution KW - Index Medicus KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- analysis KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- methods KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution -- analysis KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75782443?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.atitle=Bioassay+of+complex+mixtures+of+indoor+air+pollutants.&rft.au=Lewtas%2C+J%3BClaxton%2C+L%3BMumford%2C+J%3BLofroth%2C+G&rft.aulast=Lewtas&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=109&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.issn=03005038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-07-19 N1 - Date created - 1993-07-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Otis workshop on risk assessment. AN - 75752043; 8499666 JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Chernoff, G F AD - Reproductive and Cancer Hazard Assessment Section, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 163 EP - 169 VL - 7 IS - 2 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Teratogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Risk KW - Drug Information Services KW - Teratogens -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75752043?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Otis+workshop+on+risk+assessment.&rft.au=Chernoff%2C+G+F&rft.aulast=Chernoff&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-06-28 N1 - Date created - 1993-06-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Airborne carcinogens. AN - 75685855; 8474991 AB - Air pollution has been recognized as a cancer risk for many years. More than 2,800 different chemicals have been identified in the air or emission sources. Only about 10% of these chemicals have been evaluated in bioassays for genetic or carcinogenic effects. Hydrocarbons, nitrogen-containing organics, and halogenated organics account for nearly 60% of the airborne chemicals that have been studied in long term animal cancer bioassays or short-term genetic bioassays. The sources that emit the highest number of these potentially carcinogenic chemicals are sources involving combustion (e.g., tobacco smoke, automobile exhaust, and coal combustion). Quantitative estimates of the risk of airborne carcinogens in outdoor air consistently show that polycyclic organic matter (POM) from products of incomplete combustion (PICs) make the largest single contribution to human cancer risk. Although the POM emissions from various air pollution sources are chemically similar and induce cancer by a similar genotoxic mechanism, the cancer risk per unit of exposure of these emissions may vary by several orders of magnitude. Among these combustion sources motor vehicle emissions account for the greatest cancer risk in outdoor air. Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and radon are the major sources of cancer risk from indoor exposures. There are, however, many uncertainties in identifying the important airborne carcinogens and quantitating the human cancer risk of air pollution. One important uncertainty is the role of atmospheric transformation products in human cancer. JF - Pharmacology & toxicology AU - Lewtas, J AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 55 EP - 63 VL - 72 Suppl 1 SN - 0901-9928, 0901-9928 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - Index Medicus KW - Risk KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Carcinogenicity Tests KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- toxicity KW - Air Pollutants -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75685855?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacology+%26+toxicology&rft.atitle=Airborne+carcinogens.&rft.au=Lewtas%2C+J&rft.aulast=Lewtas&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=72+Suppl+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacology+%26+toxicology&rft.issn=09019928&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-05-19 N1 - Date created - 1993-05-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Importance of experimenter-blind procedure in neurotoxicology. AN - 75651129; 8459788 AB - The importance of having the investigator blind to the experimental condition of a human subject was demonstrated using meta analysis of 43 reports of the effects of carbon monoxide (CO) on behavior. It was shown that 75% of single-blind studies found significant CO effects as opposed to only 26% of double-blind studies (difference was significant, p < 0.005). It was also not possible to show that the difference could have been due to different CO exposure levels, different statistical practices, or different study group sizes. The failure to follow double-blind procedure has been partly responsible for disagreement about the effects of CO reported in the literature. Investigator blinding is also important in laboratory animal research. JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Benignus, V A AD - Human Studies Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. PY - 1993 SP - 45 EP - 49 VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Carbon Monoxide KW - 7U1EE4V452 KW - Index Medicus KW - Single-Blind Method KW - Double-Blind Method KW - Humans KW - Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Carbon Monoxide -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75651129?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=Importance+of+experimenter-blind+procedure+in+neurotoxicology.&rft.au=Benignus%2C+V+A&rft.aulast=Benignus&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-04-29 N1 - Date created - 1993-04-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationship between serum cholinesterase activity and the change in body temperature and motor activity in the rat: a dose-response study of diisopropyl fluorophosphate. AN - 75639104; 8459784 AB - Risk assessment of the neurotoxicology of organophosphate (OP) pesticides calls for a thorough understanding of the relationship between tissue cholinesterase (ChE) activity and changes in behavioral and autonomic responses to OP treatment. To address this issue, motor activity, core and skin temperature, and serum ChE activity were measured 2 h after rats of the Long-Evans strain were treated with the OP, diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP) at a dose of 0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, and 1.5 mg/kg (SC). DFP doses > or = 0.25 mg/kg led to significant decreases in serum ChE activity, whereas doses of > or = 0.5 mg/kg caused reductions in motor activity and body temperature. The highest dose of DFP caused an increase in tail skin temperature, indicating an elevation in skin blood flow. A hockey stick regression analysis was used to determine threshold inhibition in ChE activity associated with depressions in motor activity and colonic temperature. The threshold serum ChE activity, relative to controls for inhibition of motor activity and reduction in body temperature was 46%. A wide range in individual motor activity and colonic temperature responses was noted when the inhibition in ChE activity exceeded threshold levels. This may be indicative of marked genetic variability to ChE inhibition. That is, rats appear to be either responsive or unresponsive when subjected to extreme inhibition in ChE activity. This pattern has been reported in other rodents and may represent a fundamental aspect of ChE toxicity. JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Gordon, C J AU - Fogelson, L AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. PY - 1993 SP - 21 EP - 25 VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - Isoflurophate KW - 12UHW9R67N KW - Cholinesterases KW - EC 3.1.1.8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Male KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Cholinesterases -- drug effects KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- toxicity KW - Cholinesterases -- blood KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Isoflurophate -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75639104?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=Relationship+between+serum+cholinesterase+activity+and+the+change+in+body+temperature+and+motor+activity+in+the+rat%3A+a+dose-response+study+of+diisopropyl+fluorophosphate.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J%3BFogelson%2C+L&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-04-29 N1 - Date created - 1993-04-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of methoxychlor on ovarian steroidogenesis: role in early pregnancy loss. AN - 75620933; 8448411 AB - Antifertility properties of the pesticide methoxychlor (MXC) are well documented. Administration of MXC to rats during early pregnancy impairs implantation and reduces serum progesterone. The current study was designed to examine the effect of MXC on ovarian steroidogenesis and to define the mechanism(s) by which the pesticide exerts this effect. Rats were treated with MXC at a range of doses during days 1 to 8 of pregnancy and killed on day 9. Ovaries were incubated to assess the secretion of progesterone, estradiol, and testosterone in vitro. Steroid hormones in medium and serum were measured by radioimmunoassay. Although in vivo treatment with MXC reduced serum progesterone, no effect on the ovarian secretion of progesterone was detected in vitro. Conversely, MXC had no effect on serum estradiol levels (testosterone levels were undetectable in serum), but the incubation of ovaries in vitro revealed a reduction in the rates of ovarian estradiol and testosterone secretion. JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Cummings, A M AU - Laskey, J AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 17 EP - 23 VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Steroids KW - 0 KW - Testosterone KW - 3XMK78S47O KW - Progesterone KW - 4G7DS2Q64Y KW - Estradiol KW - 4TI98Z838E KW - Methoxychlor KW - RIA79UD69L KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Adrenal Glands -- metabolism KW - Adrenal Glands -- drug effects KW - Radioimmunoassay KW - Pregnancy KW - Progesterone -- biosynthesis KW - Rats KW - Estrus -- physiology KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Estradiol -- biosynthesis KW - Testosterone -- biosynthesis KW - Progesterone -- blood KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Steroids -- biosynthesis KW - Ovary -- metabolism KW - Abortion, Spontaneous -- chemically induced KW - Ovary -- drug effects KW - Methoxychlor -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75620933?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Effect+of+methoxychlor+on+ovarian+steroidogenesis%3A+role+in+early+pregnancy+loss.&rft.au=Cummings%2C+A+M%3BLaskey%2C+J&rft.aulast=Cummings&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-04-15 N1 - Date created - 1993-04-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Steroidogenic assessment using ovary culture in cycling rats: effects of bis(2-diethylhexyl)phthalate on ovarian steroid production. AN - 75607075; 8448412 AB - In vitro ovary culture in rats was used to characterize ovarian steroidogenesis and to evaluate changes produced by in vivo exposure to bis(2-diethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP). Steroid profiles [progesterone (P4), estradiol (E2), and testosterone (T)] from cultures of minced ovary were obtained in untreated immature and mature rats, and from mature rats treated with DEHP. A 1-h incubation without human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) was used to produce an initial steroidogenic profile. Three 1-h incubations with hCG were used to produce a stimulated steroid profile. A combination of initial and stimulated ovarian steroid profiles was shown to correctly identify the stage of the cycle in all untreated rats, using multivariate statistical analysis. Separately, initial or stimulated ovarian steroid profiles correctly identified the stage of the cycle in more than 90% of the rats. The statistical analysis using a combination of variables (multivariate) indicated that DEHP-treated rats were significantly different (P < 0.001) from sham-treated rats. In fact, the alteration caused by DEHP in the in vitro ovarian steroidogenic profile was most apparent in rats during diestrus and estrus. In DEHP-treated rats in diestrus, ovarian steroidogenesis appeared to shift to the production of more T and more E2 than in untreated rats in diestrus. The change seen in steroid profiles in DEHP-treated rats in estrus is to decreased E2 production. The steroid profile from ovary culture in conjunction with vaginal cytology was very useful in correctly identifying in vivo DEHP-treated rats, and will be a useful in vitro technique in the evaluation of ovarian toxicants in cycling females. JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Laskey, J W AU - Berman, E AD - Reproductive Toxicology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 25 EP - 33 VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Chorionic Gonadotropin KW - 0 KW - Steroids KW - Testosterone KW - 3XMK78S47O KW - Progesterone KW - 4G7DS2Q64Y KW - Estradiol KW - 4TI98Z838E KW - Diethylhexyl Phthalate KW - C42K0PH13C KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Chorionic Gonadotropin -- pharmacology KW - Estradiol -- biosynthesis KW - Testosterone -- biosynthesis KW - Radioimmunoassay KW - Organ Culture Techniques KW - Female KW - Progesterone -- biosynthesis KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Steroids -- biosynthesis KW - Ovary -- metabolism KW - Estrus -- physiology KW - Ovary -- drug effects KW - Diethylhexyl Phthalate -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75607075?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Steroidogenic+assessment+using+ovary+culture+in+cycling+rats%3A+effects+of+bis%282-diethylhexyl%29phthalate+on+ovarian+steroid+production.&rft.au=Laskey%2C+J+W%3BBerman%2C+E&rft.aulast=Laskey&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-04-15 N1 - Date created - 1993-04-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute effects of ethanol on pattern reversal and flash-evoked potentials in rats and the relationship to body temperature. AN - 75590205; 8432677 AB - The effects of acute ethanol treatment on flash and pattern reversal visual evoked potentials (FEPs and PREPs, respectively) were examined in three experiments using Long-Evans rats. The relationships of evoked potential parameters with blood ethanol concentration and body temperature were examined. In Experiment 1, rats were treated i.p. with vehicle or 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 g ethanol/kg body weight, and tested 30 min later. The 2.0 g/kg group had prolonged latencies of PREP peaks, no changes in PREP peak-to-peak amplitudes, and lower body temperatures than saline-treated controls. The peak latency shifts were significantly correlated with both blood ethanol concentration and body temperature, and were of a magnitude to be expected from similar changes in body temperature alone. Experiment 2 measured both PREPs and paired-flash FEPs in rats 30 min after injection of either 0, 0.5 or 2.0 g/kg ethanol. PREP changes were found following treatment with the high dose which were similar to those of Experiment 1. Some FEP peak latencies were prolonged and peak-to-peak amplitudes were reduced by both doses of ethanol, despite the fact that body temperatures were reduced at only the high dose. At 2.0 g/kg ethanol, the FEP changes in latency, but not amplitude, were in accordance with what would be expected from body temperature changes alone. The third study attempted to investigate the role of reduced body temperature in producing the visual evoked potential changes by testing at room temperatures of 22 or 30 degrees C. Contrary to expectations, the rats receiving 2 g/kg ethanol were approx. 1 degree C cooler than controls at both room temperatures. Evoked potential latencies were greater in ethanol-treated rats than controls at both room temperatures. There were no significant effects of ethanol on FEP amplitudes. Overall, the effects of low doses of ethanol were independent of temperature changes, but the effects of higher doses of ethanol (2.0 g/kg) could not be distinguished from those produced by differences in body temperature alone. JF - International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology AU - Boyes, W K AU - Hetzler, B E AU - Dyer, R S AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1993/01// PY - 1993 DA - January 1993 SP - 27 EP - 39 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 0167-8760, 0167-8760 KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Reaction Time -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Photic Stimulation KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Reaction Time -- physiology KW - Male KW - Evoked Potentials, Visual -- drug effects KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Ethanol -- pharmacology KW - Body Temperature -- physiology KW - Pattern Recognition, Visual -- physiology KW - Evoked Potentials, Visual -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75590205?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+psychophysiology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+International+Organization+of+Psychophysiology&rft.atitle=Acute+effects+of+ethanol+on+pattern+reversal+and+flash-evoked+potentials+in+rats+and+the+relationship+to+body+temperature.&rft.au=Boyes%2C+W+K%3BHetzler%2C+B+E%3BDyer%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Boyes&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+psychophysiology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+International+Organization+of+Psychophysiology&rft.issn=01678760&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-03-16 N1 - Date created - 1993-03-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Incorporation of a micronucleus study into a developmental toxicology and pharmacokinetic study of L-selenomethionine in nonhuman primates. AN - 75540923; 8419156 AB - Concomitant to a developmental toxicology study of selenium in long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis), a transplacental bone marrow micronucleus assay was conducted in the fetuses of treated animals. Selenium was administered as L-selenomethionine by nasogastric intubation at 0, 150 or 300 micrograms/kg-day to pregnant macaques daily throughout organogenesis (gestation days 20-50). Pregnancy was terminated on gestation day 100 +/- 2 and fetuses were obtained by hysterotomy. Selenium concentrations in maternal blood were monitored throughout pregnancy and selenium concentrations in fetal blood were measured at hysterotomy. Maternal circulating selenium did not exceed 4 ppm in plasma or 3.7 ppm in erythrocytes. Selenium in cord blood was < or = 0.1 ppm in plasma and < or = 1.1 ppm in erythrocytes at 300 micrograms/kg-day. Fetal bone marrow smears were prepared from the humerus and micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes were scored. No increase of micronucleus frequency was detected in any dose group, although signs of maternal selenosis were obvious. This finding is compared to the previous observation that micronuclei were induced in the bone marrow of adult nonpregnant macaques treated at 600 micrograms/kg-day, a lethal dose yielding blood selenium levels to 7.3 ppm in plasma and 5.7 ppm in erythrocytes after 15 days of daily treatment, when death occurred. These data demonstrate that measurement of circulating xenobiotics can be useful for the interpretation of genetic toxicology results. JF - Environmental and molecular mutagenesis AU - Choy, W N AU - Henika, P R AU - Willhite, C C AU - Tarantal, A F AD - Environmental Protection Agency, State of California, Berkeley. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 73 EP - 80 VL - 21 IS - 1 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Teratogens KW - Selenomethionine KW - 964MRK2PEL KW - Index Medicus KW - Erythroid Precursor Cells -- drug effects KW - Erythrocytes -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Fetal Blood -- chemistry KW - Macaca fascicularis KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Micronucleus Tests KW - Teratogens -- pharmacokinetics KW - Selenomethionine -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Teratogens -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- pharmacokinetics KW - Selenomethionine -- pharmacokinetics KW - Selenomethionine -- blood UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75540923?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Incorporation+of+a+micronucleus+study+into+a+developmental+toxicology+and+pharmacokinetic+study+of+L-selenomethionine+in+nonhuman+primates.&rft.au=Choy%2C+W+N%3BHenika%2C+P+R%3BWillhite%2C+C+C%3BTarantal%2C+A+F&rft.aulast=Choy&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-02-10 N1 - Date created - 1993-02-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutagenicity test schemes and guidelines: U.S. EPA Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics and Office of Pesticide Programs. AN - 75529780; 8419153 AB - New requirements for chemicals subject to mutagenicity testing from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) are discussed. Also detailed are two categories in the 1986 Mutagenicity Risk Assessment Guidelines. JF - Environmental and molecular mutagenesis AU - Auletta, A E AU - Dearfield, K L AU - Cimino, M C AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, Health and Environmental Review Division (TS-796), Washington, DC 20024. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 38 EP - 45; discussion 46-57 VL - 21 IS - 1 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Pesticides KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Mammals KW - Humans KW - Germ Cells -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- drug effects KW - Legislation, Drug KW - Mutagenesis KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Environmental Exposure KW - CHO Cells KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- genetics KW - Cricetinae KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- methods KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- standards KW - Pesticides -- toxicity KW - Hazardous Substances -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75529780?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Mutagenicity+test+schemes+and+guidelines%3A+U.S.+EPA+Office+of+Pollution+Prevention+and+Toxics+and+Office+of+Pesticide+Programs.&rft.au=Auletta%2C+A+E%3BDearfield%2C+K+L%3BCimino%2C+M+C&rft.aulast=Auletta&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=38&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-02-10 N1 - Date created - 1993-02-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Detection and disinfection of pathogens in storm-generated flows. AN - 745650556; 74562 AB - A recreational water's disease-producing potential is usually assessed by bacterial indicators of human fecal contamination, however many of these indicator bacteria also originate from soils, vegetation, and animal feces. Stormwater runoff can contain high densities of the nonhuman indicator bacteria and epidemiological studies of recreational waters receiving stormwater runoff have found little correlation between indicator densities and swimming related illnesses. In addition a number of non-enteric pathogens found in stormwater runoff have been linked to respiratory illnesses and skin infections, a risk which is not assessed by the present fecal indicators. Therefore, for receiving waters with predominantly stormwater discharges, the current bacterial indicators are not suited to accurately assess the water's total illness producing capacity. The intermittent and irregular nature of stormwater discharges causes unique disinfection requirements which are discussed in connection with present practices and developments. The need for epidemiological studies to assess the risk from nonhuman and non-enteric pathogens is recommended. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Field, R AU - O'Shea, M AU - Brown, M P Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 311 EP - 315 VL - 28 IS - 3-5 KW - Discharge (fluid mechanics) KW - Human fecal contamination KW - Non enteric pathogens KW - Respiratory illnesses KW - Skin infections KW - Stormwater runoff KW - Swimming related illnesses KW - Water bacteriology KW - Water quality indicators KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts KW - Disinfection KW - Contamination KW - Water quality KW - Storms KW - Water treatment KW - Bacteria KW - Epidemiology KW - Runoff KW - EE 461.9:BIOLOGY KW - W4 443.3:PRECIPITATION KW - W4 453.2:WATER POLLUTION CONTROL KW - W4 461.9:BIOLOGY KW - W4 453.1:WATER POLLUTION SOURCES KW - EE 453.1:WATER POLLUTION SOURCES KW - EE 445.2:WATER ANALYSIS KW - W4 445.2:WATER ANALYSIS KW - EE 453.2:WATER POLLUTION CONTROL KW - EE 641.3:MASS TRANSFER KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - EE 443.3:PRECIPITATION KW - W4 641.3:MASS TRANSFER UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745650556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Detection+and+disinfection+of+pathogens+in+storm-generated+flows.&rft.au=Field%2C+R%3BO%27Shea%2C+M%3BBrown%2C+M+P&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3-5&rft.spage=311&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Importance of physical scaling factors to benthic marine invertebrate recolonization of laboratory microcosms AN - 744635570; 108807 AB - Five laboratory studies of benthic macroinvertebrate recolonization were conducted for six-week periods to evaluate the effects of physical scaling factors (i.e. microcosm size, seawater flow rates and sediment depth) on benthic community structure. Design variables included four open-faced acrylic containers of size-7, -12, -20 and -32 cm/side; seawater flow rate - approximately 0.7 or 1.6 liters/min; and sediment depth of 2.5 or 5.0 cm. Response variables included: total number of organisms (TNO), and taxa (TNT) and dominant taxa. Effects of seawater flow rates were more apparent than those related to microcosm size and sediment depth. Both TNO and TNT gave significant positive responses to increasing flow. Size effects were non-linear; size-20 microcosms tended to average more organisms than size-32 but effects were often not significant (P>0.05). Size-20 microcosms averaged higher numbers of taxa than size-32 and responses were usually significant (P less than or equal to 0.05). Dominant taxa in these experiments were the tunicates, Molgula sp. and Didemnum sp., and amphipod, Corophium acherusicum, a bryozoan, Bugula neritina, and the bivalves, Cumingia tellinoides and Laevicardium mortoni. Below the fourth rank, dominant taxa varied greatly among treatments. In a number of cases, individual taxa were in sufficient abundance to test for taxa-specific effects. Relatively rare taxa (e.g. taxa containing 1 to 7 individuals within an individual experiment) frequently accounted for 60% of the total number of taxa. Statistical power analysis based on a representative data set of non-mobile macroinvertebrates which provided an increased number of degrees of freedom detected a 20% difference from the means of response variables but a doubling or larger sample size would be required to detect a 10% difference at a power greater than or equal to 0.9 for an alpha identical with 0.05. These results help provide a basis for setting minimum experimental unit parameters and should lead to cost savings through physical scale reduction (depth of sediment and surface area) and less time to process smaller volumes of sediment and generation of smaller volumes of waste. JF - International Journal of Environmental Studies AU - Flemer, David A AU - Clark, James R AU - Stanley, Roman S AU - Bundrick, Charles M AU - Plaia, Gayle R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Breeze, FL, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 161 EP - 179 VL - 44 IS - 2-3 SN - 0020-7233, 0020-7233 KW - Benthic macroinvertebrate recolonization KW - Flow of water KW - Microcosms KW - Physical scaling factors KW - Seawater KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts KW - Marine pollution KW - Microorganisms KW - EE 461.9:BIOLOGY KW - EE 454.3:ECOLOGY AND ECOSYSTEMS KW - W4 453.1:WATER POLLUTION SOURCES KW - W4 461.9:BIOLOGY KW - W4 631.2:HYDRODYNAMICS KW - EE 453.1:WATER POLLUTION SOURCES KW - W4 454.3:ECOLOGY AND ECOSYSTEMS KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 471.4:SEAWATER, TIDES AND WAVES KW - EE 631.2:HYDRODYNAMICS KW - EE 471.4:SEAWATER, TIDES AND WAVES UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/744635570?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Studies&rft.atitle=Importance+of+physical+scaling+factors+to+benthic+marine+invertebrate+recolonization+of+laboratory+microcosms&rft.au=Flemer%2C+David+A%3BClark%2C+James+R%3BStanley%2C+Roman+S%3BBundrick%2C+Charles+M%3BPlaia%2C+Gayle+R&rft.aulast=Flemer&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Studies&rft.issn=00207233&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine pollution; Microorganisms; Seawater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mapping procedures for assessing groundwater vulnerability to nitrate and pesticides AN - 52818225; 1996-058139 JF - IAHS-AISH Publication AU - Sokol, G AU - Leibundgut, C AU - Schulz, K P AU - Weinzierl, W A2 - Kovar, K. A2 - Nachtnebel, H. P. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 631 EP - 639 PB - International Association of Hydrological Sciences, [Louvain] VL - 211 SN - 0144-7815, 0144-7815 KW - water quality KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - water management KW - pollution KW - mapping KW - Europe KW - ground water KW - geographic information systems KW - Central Europe KW - agrochemicals KW - information systems KW - applications KW - pesticides KW - nitrate ion KW - Germany KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52818225?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IAHS-AISH+Publication&rft.atitle=Mapping+procedures+for+assessing+groundwater+vulnerability+to+nitrate+and+pesticides&rft.au=Sokol%2C+G%3BLeibundgut%2C+C%3BSchulz%2C+K+P%3BWeinzierl%2C+W&rft.aulast=Sokol&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=211&rft.issue=&rft.spage=631&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IAHS-AISH+Publication&rft.issn=01447815&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Application of geographic information systems in hydrology and water resources management N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PIHSD9 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agrochemicals; applications; Central Europe; Europe; geographic information systems; Germany; ground water; information systems; mapping; monitoring; nitrate ion; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A preliminary conceptual hydrogeologic model of the Galena-Platteville Aquifer in northern Illinois AN - 52772625; 1997-005388 JF - Midwest Ground Water Conference AU - Mills, P C AU - Howard, J M AU - Yeskis, D J AU - Kay, R T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 65 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 38 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - Illinois KW - pollutants KW - Paleozoic KW - Middle Ordovician KW - Winnebago County Illinois KW - Boone County Illinois KW - northern Illinois KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - Ordovician KW - Galena-Platteville Aquifer KW - Platteville Formation KW - Ogle County Illinois KW - movement KW - water resources KW - Galena Dolomite KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52772625?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.atitle=A+preliminary+conceptual+hydrogeologic+model+of+the+Galena-Platteville+Aquifer+in+northern+Illinois&rft.au=Mills%2C+P+C%3BHoward%2C+J+M%3BYeskis%2C+D+J%3BKay%2C+R+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mills&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 38th annual Midwest ground water conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03005 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Boone County Illinois; Galena Dolomite; Galena-Platteville Aquifer; ground water; Illinois; Middle Ordovician; movement; northern Illinois; Ogle County Illinois; Ordovician; Paleozoic; Platteville Formation; pollutants; United States; water quality; water resources; Winnebago County Illinois ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modified cover system for hazardous waste landfills in semi-arid areas AN - 52716403; 1997-034974 JF - International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering AU - Dutta, S A2 - Prakash, Shamsher Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 1251 EP - 1254 PB - University of Missouri - Rolla, Rolla, Mo VL - 3 KW - United States KW - Oklahoma City Oklahoma KW - hazardous waste KW - terrestrial environment KW - landfills KW - semi-arid environment KW - seepage KW - Tinker Air Force Base KW - Oklahoma KW - leachate KW - waste disposal KW - disposal barriers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52716403?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Case+Histories+in+Geotechnical+Engineering&rft.atitle=Modified+cover+system+for+hazardous+waste+landfills+in+semi-arid+areas&rft.au=Dutta%2C+S&rft.aulast=Dutta&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Case+Histories+in+Geotechnical+Engineering&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international conference on Case histories in geotechnical engineering N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - PubXState - Mo N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03084 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - disposal barriers; hazardous waste; landfills; leachate; Oklahoma; Oklahoma City Oklahoma; seepage; semi-arid environment; terrestrial environment; Tinker Air Force Base; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing the effect of pesticides in agricultural runoff on aquatic life in the Sangamon River near Monticello, Illinois AN - 52661522; 1998-005383 JF - Water Science and Technology AU - Coupe, R H AU - Henebry, M S AU - Branham, M R AU - Olem, H Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 569 EP - 572 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York VL - 28 IS - 3-5 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - United States KW - Plantae KW - Chordata KW - Illinois KW - water fleas KW - Sangamon River KW - pollutants KW - Piatt County Illinois KW - surface water KW - Monticello Illinois KW - agriculture KW - algae KW - Pisces KW - toxicity KW - runoff KW - bacteria KW - Vertebrata KW - pesticides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52661522?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Assessing+the+effect+of+pesticides+in+agricultural+runoff+on+aquatic+life+in+the+Sangamon+River+near+Monticello%2C+Illinois&rft.au=Coupe%2C+R+H%3BHenebry%2C+M+S%3BBranham%2C+M+R%3BOlem%2C+H&rft.aulast=Coupe&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3-5&rft.spage=569&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WSTED4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; algae; bacteria; Chordata; Illinois; Monticello Illinois; pesticides; Piatt County Illinois; Pisces; Plantae; pollutants; runoff; Sangamon River; surface water; toxicity; United States; Vertebrata; water fleas ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated soil research within the framework of agricultural policy making AN - 52566186; 1998-057044 JF - Soil & Environment AU - Dyhr-Nielsen, Mogens A2 - Eijsackers, Herman J. P. A2 - Hamers, Timo Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 11 EP - 21 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht - Boston - London VL - 1 KW - soils KW - protection KW - Western Europe KW - regulations KW - reclamation KW - agriculture KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - decision-making KW - research KW - preventive measures KW - Scandinavia KW - policy KW - ecology KW - Denmark KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52566186?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=Integrated+soil+research+within+the+framework+of+agricultural+policy+making&rft.au=Dyhr-Nielsen%2C+Mogens&rft.aulast=Dyhr-Nielsen&rft.aufirst=Mogens&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=0792323211&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+%26+Environment&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - First European conference on Integrated research for soil and sediment protection and remediation, EUROSOL N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04446 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; decision-making; Denmark; ecology; Europe; land use; policy; pollution; preventive measures; protection; reclamation; regulations; research; Scandinavia; soils; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experiences with two types of inexpensive frame grabbers and a commercial video cassette recorder for image processing of remote sensing data AN - 52502216; 1999-026662 JF - Annual Meeting - Association of Engineering Geologists AU - Stohr, Christopher AU - Riley, Kerry AU - Darmody, Robert G AU - Frank, Thomas D AU - Lunetta, Ross AU - Worthy, Dorsey AU - Keaton, Jeffrey R Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 73 PB - Association of Engineering Geologists, [location varies] VL - 36 SN - 0375-572X, 0375-572X KW - United States KW - imagery KW - Illinois KW - geophysical surveys KW - landfills KW - statistical analysis KW - waste management KW - computers KW - runoff KW - surveys KW - waste disposal KW - instruments KW - remote sensing KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52502216?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.atitle=Experiences+with+two+types+of+inexpensive+frame+grabbers+and+a+commercial+video+cassette+recorder+for+image+processing+of+remote+sensing+data&rft.au=Stohr%2C+Christopher%3BRiley%2C+Kerry%3BDarmody%2C+Robert+G%3BFrank%2C+Thomas+D%3BLunetta%2C+Ross%3BWorthy%2C+Dorsey%3BKeaton%2C+Jeffrey+R&rft.aulast=Stohr&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.issn=0375572X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Association of Engineering Geologists 36th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CAGPAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computers; geophysical surveys; Illinois; imagery; instruments; landfills; remote sensing; runoff; statistical analysis; surveys; United States; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - T-test for classification of depressions in landfill covers by airborne thermal infrared imagery AN - 52501845; 1999-026661 JF - Annual Meeting - Association of Engineering Geologists AU - Stohr, Christopher AU - O'Connor-Shoresman, Kathleen AU - Darmody, Robert G AU - Elhance, Arun AU - Frank, Thomas D AU - Lunetta, Ross AU - Worthy, Dorsey AU - Keaton, Jeffrey R Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 72 PB - Association of Engineering Geologists, [location varies] VL - 36 SN - 0375-572X, 0375-572X KW - United States KW - imagery KW - Illinois KW - geophysical surveys KW - landfills KW - classification KW - surveys KW - aerial photography KW - testing KW - waste disposal KW - remote sensing KW - airborne methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52501845?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.atitle=T-test+for+classification+of+depressions+in+landfill+covers+by+airborne+thermal+infrared+imagery&rft.au=Stohr%2C+Christopher%3BO%27Connor-Shoresman%2C+Kathleen%3BDarmody%2C+Robert+G%3BElhance%2C+Arun%3BFrank%2C+Thomas+D%3BLunetta%2C+Ross%3BWorthy%2C+Dorsey%3BKeaton%2C+Jeffrey+R&rft.aulast=Stohr&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=&rft.spage=72&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.issn=0375572X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Association of Engineering Geologists 36th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CAGPAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerial photography; airborne methods; classification; geophysical surveys; Illinois; imagery; landfills; remote sensing; surveys; testing; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Incorporating public water-supply springs into the Utah Wellhead Protection Program; two examples of using hydrologic mapping to help delineate protection zones around springs AN - 52499898; 1999-026617 JF - Annual Meeting - Association of Engineering Geologists AU - Lowe, Mike AU - Jensen, M E AU - Wireman, Michael AU - Keaton, Jeffrey R Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 60 EP - 61 PB - Association of Engineering Geologists, [location varies] VL - 36 SN - 0375-572X, 0375-572X KW - United States KW - Sheep Spring KW - water supply KW - Utah Wellhead Protection Program KW - water management KW - mapping KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - wellhead protection KW - Olsens Spring KW - springs KW - testing KW - Utah KW - discharge KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52499898?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.atitle=Incorporating+public+water-supply+springs+into+the+Utah+Wellhead+Protection+Program%3B+two+examples+of+using+hydrologic+mapping+to+help+delineate+protection+zones+around+springs&rft.au=Lowe%2C+Mike%3BJensen%2C+M+E%3BWireman%2C+Michael%3BKeaton%2C+Jeffrey+R&rft.aulast=Lowe&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=&rft.spage=60&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.issn=0375572X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Association of Engineering Geologists 36th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CAGPAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; discharge; ground water; mapping; models; Olsens Spring; Sheep Spring; springs; testing; United States; Utah; Utah Wellhead Protection Program; water management; water supply; wellhead protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency's Environmental Photographic Interpretation Center (EPIC); an overview AN - 52499781; 1999-026573 JF - Annual Meeting - Association of Engineering Geologists AU - Garofalo, Donald AU - Keaton, Jeffrey R Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 50 PB - Association of Engineering Geologists, [location varies] VL - 36 SN - 0375-572X, 0375-572X KW - hazardous waste KW - imagery KW - Superfund KW - data acquisition KW - government agencies KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - mapping KW - photogrammetry KW - geographic information systems KW - Environmental Photographic Interpretation Center KW - data bases KW - aerial photography KW - information systems KW - remote sensing KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52499781?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.atitle=The+U.+S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency%27s+Environmental+Photographic+Interpretation+Center+%28EPIC%29%3B+an+overview&rft.au=Garofalo%2C+Donald%3BKeaton%2C+Jeffrey+R&rft.aulast=Garofalo&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=&rft.spage=50&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.issn=0375572X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Association of Engineering Geologists 36th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CAGPAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerial photography; data acquisition; data bases; Environmental Photographic Interpretation Center; geographic information systems; government agencies; hazardous waste; imagery; information systems; mapping; photogrammetry; remote sensing; Superfund; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Environmental Protection Agency's role in wellhead protection AN - 52481635; 1999-026544 JF - Annual Meeting - Association of Engineering Geologists AU - Allen, Eriece P AU - Keaton, Jeffrey R Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 42 PB - Association of Engineering Geologists, [location varies] VL - 36 SN - 0375-572X, 0375-572X KW - wellhead protection KW - government agencies KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52481635?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.atitle=The+Environmental+Protection+Agency%27s+role+in+wellhead+protection&rft.au=Allen%2C+Eriece+P%3BKeaton%2C+Jeffrey+R&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=Eriece&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=&rft.spage=42&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.issn=0375572X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Association of Engineering Geologists 36th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CAGPAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - government agencies; ground water; pollution; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; wellhead protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biotransformation and mineralization of alkylbenzenes under denitrifying conditions AN - 52215933; 2001-048284 JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Hutchins, Stephen R Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 1413 EP - 1423 PB - Pergamon, New York, NY VL - 12 IS - 8 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - United States KW - Michigan Lower Peninsula KW - biodegradation KW - degradation KW - pollution KW - Traverse City Michigan KW - BTEX KW - ground water KW - Grand Traverse County Michigan KW - aquifers KW - substrates KW - organic compounds KW - decontamination KW - denitrification KW - hydrocarbons KW - Michigan KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - activity KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52215933?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Biotransformation+and+mineralization+of+alkylbenzenes+under+denitrifying+conditions&rft.au=Hutchins%2C+Stephen+R&rft.aulast=Hutchins&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1413&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122563640/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - activity; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; biodegradation; BTEX; decontamination; degradation; denitrification; Grand Traverse County Michigan; ground water; hydrocarbons; Michigan; Michigan Lower Peninsula; microorganisms; organic compounds; pollution; substrates; Traverse City Michigan; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contaminated marine sediments; water column and interstitial toxic effects AN - 52215287; 2001-048269 JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Burgess, Robert M AU - Schweitzer, Kate A AU - McKinney, Richard A AU - Phelps, Donald K Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 127 EP - 138 PB - Pergamon, New York, NY VL - 12 IS - 1 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - benthic taxa KW - sea water KW - erosion KW - ammonium ion KW - PCBs KW - environmental analysis KW - bioaccumulation KW - toxicity KW - sediments KW - chemical properties KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - soil erosion KW - soils KW - concentration KW - Virginia KW - Elizabeth River KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - hydrogen sulfide KW - organic compounds KW - marine environment KW - pore water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52215287?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Contaminated+marine+sediments%3B+water+column+and+interstitial+toxic+effects&rft.au=Burgess%2C+Robert+M%3BSchweitzer%2C+Kate+A%3BMcKinney%2C+Richard+A%3BPhelps%2C+Donald+K&rft.aulast=Burgess&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122563640/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ammonium ion; benthic taxa; bioaccumulation; chemical properties; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; Elizabeth River; environmental analysis; erosion; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrogen sulfide; marine environment; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; pore water; sea water; sediments; soil erosion; soils; toxicity; United States; Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting the acute toxicity of copper in freshwater sediments; evaluation of the role of acid-volatile sulfide AN - 52214382; 2001-050499 JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Ankley, Gerald T AU - Mattson, Vincent R AU - Leonard, Edward N AU - West, Corlis W AU - Bennett, Jon L Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 315 EP - 320 PB - Pergamon, New York, NY VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - United States KW - copper KW - bioavailability KW - environmental analysis KW - acid volatile sulfides KW - partitioning KW - laboratory studies KW - toxicity KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - organic carbon KW - heavy metals KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - Keweenaw Basin KW - pollution KW - bioassays KW - fresh-water environment KW - models KW - detection KW - Steilacoom Lake KW - metals KW - lacustrine environment KW - Michigan KW - pore water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52214382?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Predicting+the+acute+toxicity+of+copper+in+freshwater+sediments%3B+evaluation+of+the+role+of+acid-volatile+sulfide&rft.au=Ankley%2C+Gerald+T%3BMattson%2C+Vincent+R%3BLeonard%2C+Edward+N%3BWest%2C+Corlis+W%3BBennett%2C+Jon+L&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=Gerald&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=315&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122563640/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid volatile sulfides; bioassays; bioavailability; carbon; concentration; copper; detection; environmental analysis; experimental studies; fresh-water environment; heavy metals; Keweenaw Basin; laboratory studies; lacustrine environment; metals; Michigan; models; monitoring; organic carbon; partitioning; pollutants; pollution; pore water; sediments; Steilacoom Lake; toxicity; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The application of the ecotone concept in defining nutrient management requirements for the upper Potomac River basin AN - 52090634; 2002-053492 AB - The utility of the ecotone concept in nutrient management studies of the Potomac River basin, a large USA watershed, is examined. The MAB hypothesis suggesting that "the influence of an ecotone or adjacent system is proportional to the length and scope of the interfaces" (Naiman et at., 1989) is the major focus of this paper. The land-riverine ecotone appears to have a major influence on the total nitrogen balance and river export flux of nitrogen for the upper Potomac River basin. A method of converting conventional areal flux units into linear flux rates is suggested. JF - Hydrobiologia AU - Jaworski, N A A2 - Hillbricht-Ilkowska, A. A2 - Pieczynska, E. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 341 EP - 349 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 251 IS - 1-3 SN - 0018-8158, 0018-8158 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - Chesapeake Bay KW - Virginia KW - surface water KW - rivers and streams KW - hydrochemistry KW - nitrogen KW - nutrients KW - environmental management KW - ecotones KW - mass balance KW - ecology KW - Potomac River basin KW - Maryland KW - geochemistry KW - Potomac River KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52090634?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrobiologia&rft.atitle=The+application+of+the+ecotone+concept+in+defining+nutrient+management+requirements+for+the+upper+Potomac+River+basin&rft.au=Jaworski%2C+N+A&rft.aulast=Jaworski&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=251&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=341&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrobiologia&rft.issn=00188158&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100271/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Workshop on Phosphorus and nitrogen dynamics and retention in ecotones of lowland temperate lakes and rivers N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from PASCAL, Institute de l'Information Scientifique et Technique, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - HYDRB8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chesapeake Bay; ecology; ecotones; environmental management; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; hydrology; Maryland; mass balance; nitrogen; nutrients; Potomac River; Potomac River basin; rivers and streams; surface water; United States; Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of the United States Environmental Protection Agency in the High Plains states groundwater recharge demonstration program AN - 51918735; 2003-080354 JF - Symposium on Artificial Recharge of Groundwater. Symposium Proceedings AU - Hagemann, Matthew F AU - Sabol, Martha A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 325 EP - 329 PB - University of Arizona Water Resources Research Center, Tuscon, AZ VL - 6 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - programs KW - North America KW - government agencies KW - artificial recharge KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - Western U.S. KW - Great Plains KW - policy KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51918735?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Symposium+on+Artificial+Recharge+of+Groundwater.+Symposium+Proceedings&rft.atitle=The+role+of+the+United+States+Environmental+Protection+Agency+in+the+High+Plains+states+groundwater+recharge+demonstration+program&rft.au=Hagemann%2C+Matthew+F%3BSabol%2C+Martha+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hagemann&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Symposium+on+Artificial+Recharge+of+Groundwater.+Symposium+Proceedings&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Sixth biennial symposium on Artificial recharge of ground water N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - AZ N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04493 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; artificial recharge; government agencies; Great Plains; ground water; North America; policy; pollution; programs; remediation; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; United States; water quality; Western U.S. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contaminant bioeffects assessment in the Hudson-Raritan Estuary AN - 51898107; 2004-011937 JF - Biennial Estuarine Research Federation Conference AU - Wolfe, D A AU - Long, E R AU - Robertson, A AU - Stern, E A AU - Thursby, G AU - DeVoe, M Richard AU - Knight, Elaine Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 138 PB - Estuarine Research Federation, [varies] VL - 12 KW - United States KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - effects KW - ecosystems KW - biota KW - Raritan River estuary KW - estuaries KW - spatial variations KW - New York KW - toxicity KW - sampling KW - Raritan River KW - Hudson River estuary KW - coastal environment KW - risk assessment KW - ecology KW - New Jersey KW - Hudson River KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51898107?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biennial+Estuarine+Research+Federation+Conference&rft.atitle=Contaminant+bioeffects+assessment+in+the+Hudson-Raritan+Estuary&rft.au=Wolfe%2C+D+A%3BLong%2C+E+R%3BRobertson%2C+A%3BStern%2C+E+A%3BThursby%2C+G%3BDeVoe%2C+M+Richard%3BKnight%2C+Elaine&rft.aulast=Wolfe&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=&rft.spage=138&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biennial+Estuarine+Research+Federation+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th biennial international Estuarine Research Federation conference on The science & management of coastal estuarine systems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06039 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Coastal Plain; biota; coastal environment; ecology; ecosystems; effects; estuaries; Hudson River; Hudson River estuary; New Jersey; New York; pollutants; pollution; Raritan River; Raritan River estuary; risk assessment; sampling; spatial variations; surface water; toxicity; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A review of chemical contamination in Mid-Atlantic estuaries AN - 51896575; 2004-011882 JF - Biennial Estuarine Research Federation Conference AU - Frithsen, J B AU - O'Connor, T P AU - Robertson, A AU - Paul, J F AU - DeVoe, M Richard AU - Knight, Elaine Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 40 PB - Estuarine Research Federation, [varies] VL - 12 KW - United States KW - Chesapeake Bay KW - Cape Cod KW - Virginia KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - estuaries KW - Barnstable County Massachusetts KW - toxicity KW - Massachusetts KW - coastal environment KW - ecology KW - Maryland KW - geochemistry KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51896575?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biennial+Estuarine+Research+Federation+Conference&rft.atitle=A+review+of+chemical+contamination+in+Mid-Atlantic+estuaries&rft.au=Frithsen%2C+J+B%3BO%27Connor%2C+T+P%3BRobertson%2C+A%3BPaul%2C+J+F%3BDeVoe%2C+M+Richard%3BKnight%2C+Elaine&rft.aulast=Frithsen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=&rft.spage=40&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biennial+Estuarine+Research+Federation+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th biennial international Estuarine Research Federation conference on The science & management of coastal estuarine systems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06039 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Coastal Plain; Barnstable County Massachusetts; Cape Cod; Chesapeake Bay; coastal environment; ecology; ecosystems; estuaries; geochemistry; Maryland; Massachusetts; pollutants; pollution; toxicity; United States; Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationships between sediments, sediment contaminants, and macrobenthic trophic structure in Gulf of Mexico estuaries AN - 51895196; 2004-011866 JF - Biennial Estuarine Research Federation Conference AU - Brown, S S AU - Gaston, G R AU - Heard, R W AU - Summers, J K AU - DeVoe, M Richard AU - Knight, Elaine Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 13 PB - Estuarine Research Federation, [varies] VL - 12 KW - processes KW - communities KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - estuaries KW - sampling KW - coastal environment KW - ecology KW - North Atlantic KW - estuarine environment KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51895196?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biennial+Estuarine+Research+Federation+Conference&rft.atitle=Relationships+between+sediments%2C+sediment+contaminants%2C+and+macrobenthic+trophic+structure+in+Gulf+of+Mexico+estuaries&rft.au=Brown%2C+S+S%3BGaston%2C+G+R%3BHeard%2C+R+W%3BSummers%2C+J+K%3BDeVoe%2C+M+Richard%3BKnight%2C+Elaine&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biennial+Estuarine+Research+Federation+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th biennial international Estuarine Research Federation conference on The science & management of coastal estuarine systems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06039 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; coastal environment; communities; ecology; ecosystems; estuaries; estuarine environment; Gulf of Mexico; North Atlantic; pollutants; pollution; processes; sampling ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sediment toxicity and contamination in dredged navigation channels along the Louisiana coast AN - 51895066; 2004-011879 JF - Biennial Estuarine Research Federation Conference AU - Dettmann, E H AU - Keith, D J AU - Tracey, G A AU - DeVoe, M Richard AU - Knight, Elaine Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 31 PB - Estuarine Research Federation, [varies] VL - 12 KW - United States KW - processes KW - toxicity KW - sampling KW - pollutants KW - Ampelisca abdita KW - pollution KW - coastal environment KW - ecosystems KW - ecology KW - Louisiana KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51895066?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biennial+Estuarine+Research+Federation+Conference&rft.atitle=Sediment+toxicity+and+contamination+in+dredged+navigation+channels+along+the+Louisiana+coast&rft.au=Dettmann%2C+E+H%3BKeith%2C+D+J%3BTracey%2C+G+A%3BDeVoe%2C+M+Richard%3BKnight%2C+Elaine&rft.aulast=Dettmann&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biennial+Estuarine+Research+Federation+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th biennial international Estuarine Research Federation conference on The science & management of coastal estuarine systems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06039 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ampelisca abdita; coastal environment; ecology; ecosystems; Louisiana; pollutants; pollution; processes; sampling; toxicity; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The upper Potomac Estuary; an environmental management and ecological restoration success; Part II, Macrophyte resurgence and wildlife implications AN - 51460417; 2007-036072 JF - Abstracts of Papers for the Annual Meeting - American Society of Limnology and Oceanography AU - Carter, Virginia P AU - Rybicki, Nancy AU - Jaworski, Norbert A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 EP - unpaginated PB - American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, [location varies] VL - 1993 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - estuaries KW - Plantae KW - waste water KW - water treatment KW - Potomac River basin KW - environmental analysis KW - biota KW - remediation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51460417?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+for+the+Annual+Meeting+-+American+Society+of+Limnology+and+Oceanography&rft.atitle=The+upper+Potomac+Estuary%3B+an+environmental+management+and+ecological+restoration+success%3B+Part+II%2C+Macrophyte+resurgence+and+wildlife+implications&rft.au=Carter%2C+Virginia+P%3BRybicki%2C+Nancy%3BJaworski%2C+Norbert+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Carter&rft.aufirst=Virginia&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=1993&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+for+the+Annual+Meeting+-+American+Society+of+Limnology+and+Oceanography&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - ASLO/SWS '93 joint meeting of the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography and the Society of Wetland Scientists N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03377 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biota; environmental analysis; estuaries; Plantae; Potomac River basin; remediation; United States; waste water; water quality; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conditional simulation; practical application for sampling design optimization AN - 51221966; 1994-051192 JF - Quantitative Geology and Geostatistics AU - Englund, Evan J AU - Heravi, Naser A2 - Soares, Amilcar Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 613 EP - 624 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrect VL - 5 SN - 0924-1973, 0924-1973 KW - case studies KW - sampling KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - optimization KW - geostatistics KW - algorithms KW - simulation KW - design KW - remediation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51221966?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quantitative+Geology+and+Geostatistics&rft.atitle=Conditional+simulation%3B+practical+application+for+sampling+design+optimization&rft.au=Englund%2C+Evan+J%3BHeravi%2C+Naser&rft.aulast=Englund&rft.aufirst=Evan&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=613&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quantitative+Geology+and+Geostatistics&rft.issn=09241973&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international Geostatistics congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; case studies; design; geostatistics; Monte Carlo analysis; optimization; remediation; sampling; simulation; statistical analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Groundwater sensitivity mapping in Wyoming AN - 50949901; 1996-020026 JF - Program - New Mexico Water Conference AU - Needham, Scott AU - Frederick, Kevin AU - Wireman, Michael AU - Stone, William Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 1 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 6 SN - 0735-0457, 0735-0457 KW - United States KW - Wyoming KW - water quality KW - Goshen County Wyoming KW - pollution KW - risk assessment KW - mapping KW - DRASTIC KW - water resources KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50949901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+-+New+Mexico+Water+Conference&rft.atitle=Groundwater+sensitivity+mapping+in+Wyoming&rft.au=Needham%2C+Scott%3BFrederick%2C+Kevin%3BWireman%2C+Michael%3BStone%2C+William&rft.aulast=Needham&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+-+New+Mexico+Water+Conference&rft.issn=07350457&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Rocky Mountain ground water conference and 6th annual conference American Water Resource Association, New Mexico Section , on Ground water technology and tasks in the 90's N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DRASTIC; Goshen County Wyoming; ground water; mapping; pollution; risk assessment; United States; water quality; water resources; Wyoming ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The North American landscape characterization; Landsat pathfinder project AN - 50655446; 2008-102627 JF - Abstracts of the Annual William T. Pecora Memorial Symposium AU - Lunetta, R AU - Sturdevant, James A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 31 PB - [varies], [varies] VL - 12 KW - Landsat KW - data processing KW - data bases KW - information systems KW - satellite methods KW - information management KW - remote sensing KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50655446?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+the+Annual+William+T.+Pecora+Memorial+Symposium&rft.atitle=The+North+American+landscape+characterization%3B+Landsat+pathfinder+project&rft.au=Lunetta%2C+R%3BSturdevant%2C+James+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lunetta&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+the+Annual+William+T.+Pecora+Memorial+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Pecora 12; a symposium on Land information from space-based systems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06985 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - data bases; data processing; information management; information systems; Landsat; remote sensing; satellite methods ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An innovative partnership for national environmental assessment AN - 50654575; 2008-102617 JF - Abstracts of the Annual William T. Pecora Memorial Symposium AU - Shaw, D M AU - Field, D W AU - Holm, Thomas M AU - Jenning, M D AU - Sturdevant, James A AU - Thelin, G P AU - Worthy, L D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 29 PB - [varies], [varies] VL - 12 KW - environmental management KW - thematic mapper KW - Landsat KW - conservation KW - government agencies KW - ecology KW - satellite methods KW - remote sensing KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50654575?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+the+Annual+William+T.+Pecora+Memorial+Symposium&rft.atitle=An+innovative+partnership+for+national+environmental+assessment&rft.au=Shaw%2C+D+M%3BField%2C+D+W%3BHolm%2C+Thomas+M%3BJenning%2C+M+D%3BSturdevant%2C+James+A%3BThelin%2C+G+P%3BWorthy%2C+L+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Shaw&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+the+Annual+William+T.+Pecora+Memorial+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Pecora 12; a symposium on Land information from space-based systems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06985 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - conservation; ecology; environmental management; government agencies; Landsat; remote sensing; satellite methods; thematic mapper ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A GIS framework to assess the impacts of agricultural management systems on the environment AN - 50336348; 1995-049032 JF - Proceedings of the Annual ESRI User Conference AU - Pickus, Jonathan AU - Hewitt, Mason AU - Maidment, David R AU - Song, Don AU - Burkart, Michael AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 139 EP - 148 PB - Environmental Systems Research Institute, [Redlands, CA] VL - 13, Vol. 3 KW - United States KW - degradation KW - Story County Iowa KW - spatial data KW - data acquisition KW - ArcGIS KW - data processing KW - watersheds KW - simulation KW - Iowa KW - seepage KW - ground water KW - triazines KW - geographic information systems KW - transport KW - agrochemicals KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - herbicides KW - agriculture KW - pollution KW - ArcInfo KW - adsorption KW - models KW - computer programs KW - organic compounds KW - atrazine KW - information systems KW - pesticides KW - leaching KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50336348?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Annual+ESRI+User+Conference&rft.atitle=A+GIS+framework+to+assess+the+impacts+of+agricultural+management+systems+on+the+environment&rft.au=Pickus%2C+Jonathan%3BHewitt%2C+Mason%3BMaidment%2C+David+R%3BSong%2C+Don%3BBurkart%2C+Michael%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pickus&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=13%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Annual+ESRI+User+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirteenth annual ESRI user conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - CA] N1 - Document feature - sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03391 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; agriculture; agrochemicals; ArcGIS; ArcInfo; atrazine; computer programs; data acquisition; data processing; degradation; geographic information systems; ground water; herbicides; hydrology; information systems; Iowa; land use; leaching; models; monitoring; organic compounds; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; seepage; simulation; soils; spatial data; Story County Iowa; transport; triazines; United States; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analytical results for As species and related elements in interstitial porewater and sediment from the Maurice River and Union Lake in Vineland, New Jersey AN - 50318313; 1993-034120 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Ficklin, Walter H AU - Balistrieri, Laurie S AU - Hageman, Philip L AU - Papp, Clara S E AU - Fey, David L AU - Westgate, Matthew Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 24 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - United States KW - Union Lake KW - Superfund KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - Maurice River KW - Vineland New Jersey KW - hydrochemistry KW - cores KW - Cumberland County New Jersey KW - metals KW - southern New Jersey KW - sediments KW - lacustrine environment KW - New Jersey KW - waste disposal KW - USGS KW - geochemistry KW - fluvial environment KW - pore water KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50318313?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Ficklin%2C+Walter+H%3BBalistrieri%2C+Laurie+S%3BHageman%2C+Philip+L%3BPapp%2C+Clara+S+E%3BFey%2C+David+L%3BWestgate%2C+Matthew&rft.aulast=Ficklin&rft.aufirst=Walter&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Analytical+results+for+As+species+and+related+elements+in+interstitial+porewater+and+sediment+from+the+Maurice+River+and+Union+Lake+in+Vineland%2C+New+Jersey&rft.title=Analytical+results+for+As+species+and+related+elements+in+interstitial+porewater+and+sediment+from+the+Maurice+River+and+Union+Lake+in+Vineland%2C+New+Jersey&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; chemical fractionation; cores; Cumberland County New Jersey; fluvial environment; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; lacustrine environment; Maurice River; metals; New Jersey; pollution; pore water; sediments; southern New Jersey; Superfund; Union Lake; United States; USGS; Vineland New Jersey; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The USGS/EPA state radon potential assessments; an introduction AN - 50298302; 1994-001765 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Gundersen, Linda C S AU - Schumann, R Randall AU - White, Sharon W Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 1 EP - 35 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - survey organizations KW - geologic hazards KW - isotopes KW - U. S. Geological Survey KW - government agencies KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - radon KW - Rn-222 KW - glossaries KW - radioactive isotopes KW - noble gases KW - USGS KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50298302?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=The+USGS%2FEPA+state+radon+potential+assessments%3B+an+introduction&rft.au=Gundersen%2C+Linda+C+S%3BSchumann%2C+R+Randall%3BWhite%2C+Sharon+W&rft.aulast=Gundersen&rft.aufirst=Linda+C&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - geologic hazards; glossaries; government agencies; isotopes; noble gases; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radon; Rn-222; survey organizations; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; U. S. Geological Survey; USGS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Perspectives on sustainable development of the Gulf of Mexico AN - 50285647; 1994-012551 JF - Proceedings - Mississippi Water Resources Conference AU - Lipka, Douglas A A2 - Daniel, B. Jean Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - Mississippi State University, Water Resources Research Institute, [State College], MS VL - 1993 IS - 23 SN - 0076-9533, 0076-9533 KW - water quality KW - programs KW - monitoring KW - legislation KW - water management KW - pollution KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - economics KW - North Atlantic KW - water resources KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - North American Atlantic KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50285647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+Mississippi+Water+Resources+Conference&rft.atitle=Perspectives+on+sustainable+development+of+the+Gulf+of+Mexico&rft.au=Lipka%2C+Douglas+A&rft.aulast=Lipka&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=1993&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+Mississippi+Water+Resources+Conference&rft.issn=00769533&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Twenty-third Mississippi water resources conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - PubXState - MS N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; economics; Gulf of Mexico; legislation; monitoring; North American Atlantic; North Atlantic; pollution; programs; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA Region 1 geologic radon potential summary AN - 50253131; 1994-023180 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Gundersen, Linda C S AU - Schumann, R Randall AU - Szarzi, Sandra L Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 36 EP - 46 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - United States KW - bedrock KW - Rhode Island KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - government agencies KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - radon KW - Vermont KW - Connecticut KW - Rn-222 KW - New Hampshire KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Massachusetts KW - noble gases KW - metamorphic rocks KW - New England KW - Maine KW - USGS KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50253131?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=EPA+Region+1+geologic+radon+potential+summary&rft.au=Gundersen%2C+Linda+C+S%3BSchumann%2C+R+Randall%3BSzarzi%2C+Sandra+L&rft.aulast=Gundersen&rft.aufirst=Linda+C&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=36&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; Connecticut; government agencies; isotopes; Maine; Massachusetts; metamorphic rocks; New England; New Hampshire; noble gases; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radon; Rhode Island; Rn-222; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; United States; USGS; Vermont ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA's approach to vadose monitoring at RCRA facilities AN - 50227489; 1994-041905 JF - Ground Water Monitoring Review AU - Durant, Neal D AU - Myers, Vernon B AU - Eccles, Lawrence A Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 151 EP - 158 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 13 IS - 1 SN - 0277-1926, 0277-1926 KW - history KW - programs KW - monitoring KW - regulations KW - government agencies KW - unsaturated zone KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - policy KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50227489?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+Review&rft.atitle=EPA%27s+approach+to+vadose+monitoring+at+RCRA+facilities&rft.au=Durant%2C+Neal+D%3BMyers%2C+Vernon+B%3BEccles%2C+Lawrence+A&rft.aulast=Durant&rft.aufirst=Neal&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+Review&rft.issn=02771926&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - government agencies; ground water; history; monitoring; policy; pollution; programs; regulations; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 34th conference on Great Lakes research symposium on Evidence for the restoration of the Lake Erie ecosystem AN - 50211257; 1994-048687 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research A2 - Makarewicz, Joseph C. A2 - Bertram, Paul E. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 197 EP - 309 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), [Shelburne, ON] VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - North America KW - symposia KW - Lake Erie KW - lacustrine environment KW - Great Lakes KW - ecosystems KW - ecology KW - remediation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50211257?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=34th+conference+on+Great+Lakes+research+symposium+on+Evidence+for+the+restoration+of+the+Lake+Erie+ecosystem&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 34th conference on Great Lakes research symposium on Evidence for the restoration of the Lake Erie ecosystem N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - PubXState - ON] N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers within scope are cited separately; Special issue N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ecology; ecosystems; Great Lakes; lacustrine environment; Lake Erie; North America; remediation; symposia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of contaminant transport from the Saginaw confined disposal facility AN - 50209026; 1994-048683 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Velleux, Mark L AU - Rathbun, Joseph E AU - Kreis, Russell G, Jr AU - Martin, James L AU - Mac, Michael J AU - Tuchman, Marc L Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 158 EP - 174 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), [Shelburne, ON] VL - 19 IS - 1 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - Michigan Lower Peninsula KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - North America KW - monitoring KW - Lake Huron KW - eastern Michigan KW - Saginaw River KW - PCBs KW - waste disposal sites KW - pollution KW - Bay County Michigan KW - mathematical models KW - far-field KW - Saginaw confined disposal facility KW - Saginaw Bay KW - organic compounds KW - near-field KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes KW - Michigan KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50209026?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+contaminant+transport+from+the+Saginaw+confined+disposal+facility&rft.au=Velleux%2C+Mark+L%3BRathbun%2C+Joseph+E%3BKreis%2C+Russell+G%2C+Jr%3BMartin%2C+James+L%3BMac%2C+Michael+J%3BTuchman%2C+Marc+L&rft.aulast=Velleux&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=158&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - ON] N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bay County Michigan; chlorinated hydrocarbons; eastern Michigan; far-field; Great Lakes; halogenated hydrocarbons; Lake Huron; mathematical models; Michigan; Michigan Lower Peninsula; monitoring; near-field; North America; organic compounds; PCBs; pollution; Saginaw Bay; Saginaw confined disposal facility; Saginaw River; sediments; United States; waste disposal sites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trends in nutrient and suspended sediment concentrations in Lake Erie tributaries, 1975-1990 AN - 50208144; 1994-048688 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Richards, R Peter AU - Baker, David B A2 - Makarewicz, Joseph C. A2 - Bertram, Paul E. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 200 EP - 211 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), [Shelburne, ON] VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - Maumee River valley KW - suspended materials KW - ecosystems KW - nonpoint sources KW - Honey Creek KW - remediation KW - Sandusky River KW - sediments KW - Great Lakes KW - nitrate ion KW - Cuyahoga River KW - Ohio KW - lacustrine sedimentation KW - North America KW - Lake Erie KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - sedimentation KW - pollution KW - phosphorus KW - northern Ohio KW - nutrients KW - lacustrine environment KW - eutrophication KW - regression analysis KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50208144?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Trends+in+nutrient+and+suspended+sediment+concentrations+in+Lake+Erie+tributaries%2C+1975-1990&rft.au=Richards%2C+R+Peter%3BBaker%2C+David+B&rft.aulast=Richards&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=200&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 34th conference on Great Lakes research symposium on Evidence for the restoration of the Lake Erie ecosystem N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - ON] N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cuyahoga River; ecosystems; eutrophication; Great Lakes; Honey Creek; lacustrine environment; lacustrine sedimentation; Lake Erie; Maumee River valley; nitrate ion; nonpoint sources; North America; northern Ohio; nutrients; Ohio; phosphorus; pollution; regression analysis; remediation; Sandusky River; sedimentation; sediments; statistical analysis; surface water; suspended materials; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field application of a steady-state mass balance model for hydrophobic organic chemicals in an estuarine system AN - 50206540; 1994-055680 JF - Water Science and Technology AU - Dilks, D W AU - Helfand, J S AU - Bierman, V J, Jr AU - Burkhard, L A2 - Christensen, E. R. A2 - Edgington, D. N. A2 - Giesy, J. P. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 263 EP - 271 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York VL - 28 IS - 8-9 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - one-dimensional models KW - trichlorobenzene KW - Calcasieu Parish Louisiana KW - mass balance KW - Lake Charles KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Louisiana KW - estuarine environment KW - discharge KW - sediment quality KW - hydrophobic materials KW - organic materials KW - concentration KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - hexachloroethane KW - hexachlorobutadiene KW - organic compounds KW - hexachlorobenzene KW - liquid waste KW - Calcasieu River estuary KW - steady-state processes KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50206540?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Field+application+of+a+steady-state+mass+balance+model+for+hydrophobic+organic+chemicals+in+an+estuarine+system&rft.au=Dilks%2C+D+W%3BHelfand%2C+J+S%3BBierman%2C+V+J%2C+Jr%3BBurkhard%2C+L&rft.aulast=Dilks&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=8-9&rft.spage=263&rft.isbn=0080424929&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - First international specialized conference on Contaminated aquatic sediments; historical records, environmental impact and remediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WSTED4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Calcasieu Parish Louisiana; Calcasieu River estuary; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; discharge; estuarine environment; halogenated hydrocarbons; hexachlorobenzene; hexachlorobutadiene; hexachloroethane; hydrophobic materials; Lake Charles; liquid waste; Louisiana; mass balance; one-dimensional models; organic compounds; organic materials; pollutants; pollution; sediment quality; steady-state processes; trichlorobenzene; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transformation of para-substituted benzonitriles in sediment and in sediment extract AN - 50206468; 1994-055666 JF - Water Science and Technology AU - Masunaga, S AU - Wolfe, N L AU - Carriera, L A2 - Christensen, E. R. A2 - Edgington, D. N. A2 - Giesy, J. P. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 123 EP - 132 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York VL - 28 IS - 8-9 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - biodegradation KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - hydrolysis KW - substitution KW - remediation KW - benzonitrile KW - chemical reactions KW - mathematical methods KW - sediments KW - transformations KW - aquatic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50206468?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Transformation+of+para-substituted+benzonitriles+in+sediment+and+in+sediment+extract&rft.au=Masunaga%2C+S%3BWolfe%2C+N+L%3BCarriera%2C+L&rft.aulast=Masunaga&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=8-9&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=0080424929&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - First international specialized conference on Contaminated aquatic sediments; historical records, environmental impact and remediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WSTED4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; benzonitrile; biodegradation; chemical reactions; degradation; hydrolysis; mathematical methods; pollutants; pollution; remediation; sediments; substitution; transformations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nationwide water-quality reporting to the Congress as required under Section 305(b) of the Clean Water Act AN - 50083096; 1994-004072 JF - U. S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper AU - Mayio, Alice E AU - Grubbs, Geoffrey H AU - Paulson, Richard W AU - Chase, Edith B AU - Williams, John S AU - Moody, David W Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 141 EP - 146 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0886-9308, 0886-9308 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - water quality KW - Greater Antilles KW - legislation KW - West Indies KW - pollution KW - Caribbean region KW - Antilles KW - U. S. Virgin Islands KW - Puerto Rico KW - Lesser Antilles KW - Clean Water Act KW - Virgin Islands KW - USGS KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50083096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Water-Supply+Paper&rft.atitle=Nationwide+water-quality+reporting+to+the+Congress+as+required+under+Section+305%28b%29+of+the+Clean+Water+Act&rft.au=Mayio%2C+Alice+E%3BGrubbs%2C+Geoffrey+H%3BPaulson%2C+Richard+W%3BChase%2C+Edith+B%3BWilliams%2C+John+S%3BMoody%2C+David+W&rft.aulast=Mayio&rft.aufirst=Alice&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Water-Supply+Paper&rft.issn=08869308&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://water.usgs.gov/nwsum/sal/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - charts N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - XIWSAX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antilles; Caribbean region; Clean Water Act; Greater Antilles; hydrology; legislation; Lesser Antilles; pollution; Puerto Rico; U. S. Virgin Islands; United States; USGS; Virgin Islands; water quality; West Indies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ohio stream water quality AN - 50080906; 1994-004108 JF - U. S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper AU - Oblinger Childress, Carolyn J AU - Koltun, Gregory F AU - Dudley, Dan AU - Paulson, Richard W AU - Chase, Edith B AU - Williams, John S AU - Moody, David W Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 437 EP - 444 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0886-9308, 0886-9308 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - water quality KW - surface water KW - rivers and streams KW - USGS KW - Ohio KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50080906?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Water-Supply+Paper&rft.atitle=Ohio+stream+water+quality&rft.au=Oblinger+Childress%2C+Carolyn+J%3BKoltun%2C+Gregory+F%3BDudley%2C+Dan%3BPaulson%2C+Richard+W%3BChase%2C+Edith+B%3BWilliams%2C+John+S%3BMoody%2C+David+W&rft.aulast=Oblinger+Childress&rft.aufirst=Carolyn&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=437&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Water-Supply+Paper&rft.issn=08869308&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://water.usgs.gov/nwsum/sal/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - XIWSAX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hydrology; Ohio; rivers and streams; surface water; United States; USGS; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Technical guidance for implementing BMPs in the coastal zone AN - 26276337; 2001-31-006207; 2001-31-003547 (CE); 0074541 (EN) AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) released the Guidance Specifying Management Measures for Sources of Nonpoint Pollution in Coastal Waters on January 14, 1993. This document is EPA's technical guidance on the best affordable ways to reduce or prevent nonpoint source (NPS) pollution in the coastal zone. The authors believe that it is currently the most comprehensive summary of best management practices (BMPs) available. The guidance contains BMPs for the control of NPS pollution from agriculture, forestry, urban areas, marinas, and hydromodification (channels, dams, and stream and shoreline erosion). Wetlands, riparian areas, and vegetated treatment systems are addressed in the guidance as additional options to control nonpoint pollution. The guidance also includes monitoring and compliance tracking techniques to accompany the management measures. EPA and NOAA are developing approaches to help states, local governments, and affected parties understand and use the technical guidance in their coastal nonpoint source programs. Although final decisions have not yet been made, this paper summarizes the current thinking regarding this technical assistance. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Frederick, R E AU - Dressing, SA AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA PY - 1993 SP - 129 EP - 135 PB - I W A PUBLISHING, Alliance House, 12 Caxton St, London, SW1H 0QS, UK, [mailto:publications@iwap.co.uk], [URL:http://www.iwapublishing.com] VL - 28 IS - 3/5 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Guidelines KW - Coastal environments KW - Pollution KW - Wetlands KW - Marinas KW - Monitoring KW - Erosion KW - Control systems KW - Urban areas KW - Dam construction KW - Forestry KW - Management KW - Shorelines KW - Dams KW - Tracking KW - Agricultural management KW - Erosion control KW - Coastlines KW - Streams KW - Article KW - EE 407.3:COASTAL ENGINEERING (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/26276337?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Technical+guidance+for+implementing+BMPs+in+the+coastal+zone&rft.au=Frederick%2C+R+E%3BDressing%2C+SA&rft.aulast=Frederick&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3%2F5&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Program to analyze aquifer test data and check for validity with the Jacob method. AN - 26254192; 2001-63-011757 (CE); 0042178 (EN) AB - The Jacob straight-line method of aquifer analysis deals with the late-time data and small radius of the Theis type curve which plot as a straight line if the drawdown data are plotted on an arithmetic scale and the time data on a logarithmic (base 10) scale. Correct analysis with the Jacob method normally assumes that (1) the data lie on a straight line, (2) the value of the dimensionless time factor is less than 0.01, and (3) the site's hydrogeology conforms to the method's assumptions and limiting conditions. Items 1 and 2 are usually considered for the Jacob method, but item 3 is often ignored, which can lead to incorrect calculations of aquifer parameters. A BASIC computer program was developed to analyze aquifer test data with the Jacob method to test the validity of its use. Aquifer test data are entered into the program and manipulated so that a slope and time intercept of the straight line drawn through the data (excluding early-time and late-time data) can be used to calculate transmissivity and storage coefficient. Late-time data are excluded to eliminate the effects of positive and negative boundaries. The time-drawdown data then are converted into dimensionless units to determine if the Jacob method's assumptions are valid for the hydrogeologic conditions under which the test was conducted. JF - Ground Water AU - Field, Malcolm S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA PY - 1993 SP - 316 EP - 320 PB - National Ground Water Association, 601 Dempsey Road, Westerville, OH, 43081-8978, USA, [URL:http://www.ngwa.org] VL - 31 IS - 2 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Aquifers KW - Dimensions KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Exclusion KW - Transmissivity KW - Coefficients KW - Hydrogeology KW - Computer programs KW - Constraining KW - Storage KW - Article KW - EE 723.5:COMPUTER APPLICATIONS (EN) KW - EE 444.2:GROUNDWATER UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/26254192?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Program+to+analyze+aquifer+test+data+and+check+for+validity+with+the+Jacob+method.&rft.au=Field%2C+Malcolm+S&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=Malcolm&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=316&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Remediation of PCB-contaminated sediments in lake Jarnsjon, Eman river system, Sweden AN - 26195006; 2001-36-000358 (CE); 0116544 (EN) AB - Jarnsjon, a lake in the Swedish river Eman, contains approx. 400 kg of PCB which is slowly leaching out from the sediments. An analysis program has shown that the Jarnsjon sediments are the primary source for ongoing discharge of PCB to the river. Based on the current yearly discharge of 7 kg PCB, the sediments will cause problems during several decades. The Eman river is classified as a resource of national importance. Remediation of Jarnsjon is necessary if continued damage is to be avoided. However, remedial activities in lake Jarnsjon can lead to an additional load on Eman. Restrictions on such releases during remediation of Jarnsjon will therefore be stringently applied. The feasibility of remediating Jarnsjon, has been examined in a number of studies carried out by the Swedish EPA together with different universities, institutes and consulting companies. A primary alternative has been selected. This alternative includes vacuum dredging within a protective barrier of silt screens. Dredged material will be dewatered and disposed of in a special landfill. This remedial action is estimated to cost appr. 40 million Swedish kronor. (6 - 8 million dollars). The remediation has started and will be concluded in 1994. JF - Water Science and Technology AU - Gullbring, P AU - Hammar, T AD - Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Solna, Sweden PY - 1993 SP - 297 EP - 306 PB - I W A PUBLISHING, Alliance House, 12 Caxton St, London, SW1H 0QS, UK, [mailto:publications@iwap.co.uk], [URL:http://www.iwapublishing.com] VL - 28 IS - 8-9 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Sediments KW - Rivers KW - Remediation KW - Lakes KW - Dredging KW - Discharge KW - Resources KW - Vacuum KW - Constrictions KW - Leaching KW - Landfills KW - Dewatering (separation process) KW - Realizability KW - Materials selection KW - Silts KW - Barriers KW - Damage KW - Consultancy services KW - Article KW - EE 804.1:ORGANIC COMPOUNDS KW - EE 444.1:SURFACE WATER KW - EE 452:SEWAGE AND INDUSTRIAL WASTES TREATMENT KW - EE 453.2:WATER POLLUTION CONTROL KW - EE 641.3:MASS TRANSFER KW - EE 633.1:VACUUM APPLICATIONS (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/26195006?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Remediation+of+PCB-contaminated+sediments+in+lake+Jarnsjon%2C+Eman+river+system%2C+Sweden&rft.au=Gullbring%2C+P%3BHammar%2C+T&rft.aulast=Gullbring&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=8-9&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fate of aldicarb in the vadose zone beneath a cotton field. AN - 26034896; 2001-34-001757 (CE); 0080839 (EN) AB - A 1.0-ha cotton field in Nantong city (Jiangsu province, P.R.C.) was selected to monitor the movement and fate of aldicarb residues in soil and to check whether it will pollute the ground-water. The field measurement results showed that > 90% of the total aldicarb applied had been dissipated within 60 days and no detectable level of aldicarb residues was found in any of the soil profiles 120 days after the aldicarb was applied. The maximum leaching depth of aldicarb in soil was 0.60 m. None of the 20 observation wells in and around the study site had any detectable aldicarb residues during the entire experimental period. The PRZM model was used to simulate the movement of aldicarb in soil using the input data including soil properties, meteorological data and agriculture practices at the study site. Results predicted by the PRZM model agreed fairly well with those of the field measurements. Under the conditions of this experiment, the application of aldicarb to the cotton fields did not result in groundwater contamination. The results suggest that the PRZM model can be used to estimate the possibility of aldicarb leaching into groundwater and its effects on groundwater in other areas of China that have similar soil properties. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Daoji, Cai AU - Feng, Xiang AU - Xinming, Jiang AU - Zhonglin, Zhu AU - Xiaomei, Hua AU - Zhenke, Dai AD - Natl Environmental Protection Agency (NEPA), Nanjing, China PY - 1993 SP - 129 EP - 142 PB - Elsevier Science BV, P.O. Box 211, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands, [mailto:w.tukker@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.com] VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Mathematical models KW - Residues KW - Groundwater KW - Leaching KW - Agricultural practices KW - Contamination KW - Hydrology KW - Farmlands KW - Dissipation KW - Wells KW - Contaminants KW - Article KW - EE 453.1:WATER POLLUTION SOURCES (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/26034896?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Fate+of+aldicarb+in+the+vadose+zone+beneath+a+cotton+field.&rft.au=Daoji%2C+Cai%3BFeng%2C+Xiang%3BXinming%2C+Jiang%3BZhonglin%2C+Zhu%3BXiaomei%2C+Hua%3BZhenke%2C+Dai&rft.aulast=Daoji&rft.aufirst=Cai&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Corporate environmentalism: emerging responsibilities for public disclosure in the European community. AN - 25975563; 0083145 (EN); 0083145 (CI) AB - In both the European Community (EC) and the United States, public disclosure of environmental information is emerging as one of the most significant developments shaping corporate environmentalism. The United States is widely recognized as having the most far-reaching policies regarding public access and communication of environmental information. The EC is currently moving towards developing strident policies to increase the public's rights of access to environmental information. This paper examines the development of public access to environmental information in the EC in relation to the United States, and addresses the implications of these developments for corporations operating in the EC. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Keene, Michelle L Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 197 EP - 210 PB - Elsevier Science BV, P.O. Box 211, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands, [mailto:w.tukker@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.com] VL - 35 IS - 2 KW - Environmental Engineering (EN); Computer & Information Systems (CI) KW - Environmental protection KW - Information dissemination KW - Public policy KW - Public risks KW - Human engineering KW - Economics KW - W4 454.3:Ecology and Ecosystems KW - EE 902.3:Legal Aspects KW - W4 902.3:Legal Aspects KW - W4 903.2:Information Dissemination KW - EE 461.4:Human Engineering KW - EE 454.3:ECOLOGY AND ECOSYSTEMS (EN) KW - EE 903.2:Information Dissemination KW - EE 914.1:Accidents and Accident Prevention KW - W4 461.4:Human Engineering (CI) KW - W4 454.2:Environmental Impact and Protection KW - EE 454.3:Ecology and Ecosystems KW - W4 914.1:Accidents and Accident Prevention KW - EE 454.2:Environmental Impact and Protection UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/25975563?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Corporate+environmentalism%3A+emerging+responsibilities+for+public+disclosure+in+the+European+community.&rft.au=Keene%2C+Michelle+L&rft.aulast=Keene&rft.aufirst=Michelle&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Total Phosphorus and Dissolved Oxygen Trends in the Central Basin of Lake Erie, 1970-1991 AN - 19473832; 7160239 AB - Five yearly estimators of total phosphorus (TP) concentrations in the central basin of Lake Erie from 1970 to 1986 were calculated and compared to evaluate their utility in the assessment of long term trends. Data were selected from stations within a defined polygon for those years in which at least four surveys were conducted, including spring and fall isothermal conditions and at least two surveys during stratification. Included were an arithmetic average of all survey means during each year, a time-weighted average of all survey means, a spring (isothermal) average, a summer (stratified) average, and an autumn (isothermal) average. The rate of decline in TP concentrations from the spring- only estimator (-0.276 mg TP L super(-1) yr super(-1)) was similar to that of the time- weighted multiple survey estimator (-0.214 mg TP L super(-1) yr super(-1)). Additional spring survey data from 1987 through 1991 confirmed that the negative trend continued. The stratified season and the autumn-only estimators exhibited no significant trends, but were biased low and high, respectively, relative to the spring and multiple survey estimators. Despite the reductions in TP concentrations since 1970, the annual normalized rate of oxygen depletion in the hypolimnion of the central basin showed only a slight downward trend (-0.03 mg L super(-1) mo super(-1)). In 1988 and 1989, however, the depletion rates were lower than any reported during the previous 20 years. JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Bertram, Paul E AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Y1 - 1993///0, PY - 1993 DA - 0, 1993 SP - 224 EP - 236 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research, 2205 Commonwealth Boulevard Ann Arbor MI 48105 USA VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Lake Erie KW - phosphorus KW - oxygen. KW - Springs KW - Oxygen Depletion KW - Hypolimnions KW - Phosphorus KW - Chemical limnology KW - Basins KW - Stratification KW - Freshwater KW - North America, Erie L. KW - Utilities KW - Dissolved oxygen KW - Mathematics KW - Lakes KW - Assessments KW - Water springs KW - Seasonal variability KW - Lake Basins KW - Great Lakes research KW - Hypolimnion KW - hypolimnion KW - Dissolved Oxygen KW - Surveys KW - Oxygen depletion KW - summer KW - M2 556.55:Lakes, Reservoirs, Ponds (556.55) KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q2 09184:Composition of water KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19473832?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Total+Phosphorus+and+Dissolved+Oxygen+Trends+in+the+Central+Basin+of+Lake+Erie%2C+1970-1991&rft.au=Bertram%2C+Paul+E&rft.aulast=Bertram&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=224&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lakes; Oxygen depletion; Chemical limnology; Phosphorus; Dissolved oxygen; Hypolimnion; Basins; Mathematics; Hypolimnions; Seasonal variability; Great Lakes research; hypolimnion; summer; Water springs; Stratification; Assessments; Springs; Oxygen Depletion; Dissolved Oxygen; Surveys; Lake Basins; Utilities; North America, Erie L.; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Utility of Environmental Fate Models to Regulatory Programs AN - 19155824; 9305912 AB - To understand how environmental fate models fit into the regulatory scheme, it is necessary to show the relationships among risk management, risk assessment, exposure assessment and environmental fate. The Natio nal Research Council noted in 1983 that regulatory actions taken by government agencies such as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) are based on two separate and distinct processes: risk assessment and risk management. Risk assessment is the use of the factual base to define the health effects of exposure of individuals or populations to hazardous materials and situations. Risk management is the process of weighing policy alternatives and selecting the most appropriate regulatory action, integrating the results of risk assessment with engineering data and with social, economic, and political concerns to reach a decision. Risk assessment contains four steps: hazard identification, dose-response assessment, exposure assessment and risk characterization. For estimation of potential future exposures, exposure assessment relies heavily on models, including environmental fate models. Thus, the role of an environmental fate model in a regulatory agency such as EPA is as a predictive too l useful in estimating both present and potential exposures. Risk management decisions in EPA depend not only on risk assessment but on other factors such as cost, practicability, etc. Models are an important part of a much larger process of risk assessment and management, which the agency decision makers use to help them make regulatory decisions. (See also W93-05901) (Agostine-PTT) JF - IN: Principles and Practices for Petroleum Contaminated Soils. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, Florida. 1993. p 341- 348. 1 fig, 3 tab, 14 ref. AU - Callahan, MA AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Office of Health and Environmental Assessment Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Descriptors: *Environmental quality KW - *Fate of pollutants KW - *Model studies KW - *Path of pollutants KW - *Regulations KW - Administrative agencies KW - Decision making KW - Economic aspects KW - Environmental policy KW - Hazardous materials KW - Population exposure KW - Risk assessment KW - Risk management KW - Social aspects KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 4010:Techniques of planning UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19155824?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Utility+of+Environmental+Fate+Models+to+Regulatory+Programs&rft.au=Callahan%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Callahan&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Creative Approaches in the Study of Complex Mixtures: Evaluating Comparative Potencies AN - 19150415; 9305926 AB - An ongoing problem for agencies such as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is that of providing guidance as to health risk assessment of mixtures from a variety of sources such as wastewaters, hazardous waste sites, air par ticulates, or materials spilled in waters or soils. For mixtures of components that are not readily identified or separated, the method of comparative potency has been suggested by both the National Research Council and the EPA. In its simplest form the method involves comparison to a similar mixture on which a human risk assessment has been done. Two requirements for application of comparative potency are: (1) information on the composition of the mixture, and (2) data on a mixture which is sufficiently similar, both as to types of components present and as to the biological activity of those components. It should be noted that developing test designs to generate data for comparative potency determinations may involve controlling factors not necessary in other experimental designs. These include the following: simultaneous testing of all agents used for comparison in one experiment for those bioassays characterized by large variability between experiments; use of identical measures of dose or overlapping dose ranges to facilitate statistical analysis; and a thorough consideration of the specific objectives of the comparative potency study and expected use of the data. Despite its reliance on some untested assumptions, the method offers great promise as a means of evaluating the hazard potential of complex environmental mixtures. It offers the advantage of treating the mixture as a mixture, rather than as a sum of its known components. (See also W93-05901) (Agostine-PTT) JF - IN: Principles and Practices for Petroleum Contaminated Soils. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, Florida. 1993. p 591- 600. 5 tab, 11 ref. AU - Schoeny, R S AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH. Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Descriptors: *Comparative potency KW - *Evaluation KW - *Pollutant mixtures KW - *Risk assessment KW - *Toxicity KW - *Toxicology KW - Air pollution KW - Analytical methods KW - Data requirements KW - Experimental design KW - Hazardous wastes KW - Spills KW - Statistical analysis KW - Wastewater KW - SW 4010:Techniques of planning KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19150415?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Creative+Approaches+in+the+Study+of+Complex+Mixtures%3A+Evaluating+Comparative+Potencies&rft.au=Schoeny%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Schoeny&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Towards Cleaner Production in China AN - 19134380; 9310375 AB - Since it was founded in 1949, the People's Republic of China has undergone rapid industrial development. This industrialization, however, is now responsible for about 70% of the discharge of pollutants into the environment. Changes in management strategies are needed to deal with this problem: change of control over concentration discharge standards into total emission amount or into dual control over total emission amount and concentration discharge standards, change of control over single pollution sources into comprehensive regional control, and change of 'end-of-pipe' treatment into prevention and control throughout the production process. In the early 1980s, the Chinese government adopted measures designed to improve coordination between industrial development and environmental protection. There is some evidence of success; in 1990, the gross national product was more than twice that of 1980, but environmental quality remained about the same. Discussions about cleaner production in China have revealed misinterpretations which are probably common in other countries as well: (1) Emphasis is placed on 'new technologies' that will primarily be imported from developed countries. In most cases, however, only parts of the industrial process are innovated and the organizational reforms needed to maintain the environmental performance of these new technologies are often not implemented. (2) There is a strong emphasis on so-called 'end-of-pipe' technologies to control pollution. End-of-pipe approaches shift the environmental problem from one place to another and, most importantly, investments in end-of-pipe techniques hardly ever pay back in terms of company investments. Thus, despite obvious environmental benefits, end-of-pipe techniques really mean add-on technology with add-on costs. The important thing in achieving the benefits of cleaner production is to put the words into practice. First, a feasibility plan should be made to reduce the amount of specific industrial pollutants. Second, guidelines for the scientific prevention of industrial pollution should be developed. Third, a series of policies should be developed to encourage cleaner production. And fourth, better management is needed to strengthen institutional capacity to prevent pollution. (Shidler-PTT) JF - Nature and Resources NAREB5, Vol. 28, No. 4, p 11-16, 1993. 4 ref. AU - Wang, J AU - Ke, J L AD - Department of Pollution Control, National Environmental Protection Agency (NEPA), 115 Xizhimennei Nanxiaojie, Beijing 100035, People's Republic of China Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - *China KW - *Developing countries KW - *Waste reduction KW - *Water pollution control KW - Environmental policy KW - Environmental protection KW - Industrial development KW - Industrial wastes KW - Management planning KW - Standards KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19134380?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Towards+Cleaner+Production+in+China&rft.au=Wang%2C+J%3BKe%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Using toxicity data to evaluate ecological effects at Superfund sites AN - 17012705; 3841963 AB - Toxicity data (used here to mean toxicity tests or bioassays) have been employed in ways at Superfund sites. In a retrospective manner, bioassays have served as direct measurement endpoints (e.g., bioassays of contaminated sediment) and, in a predictive manner, bioassay data from the literature have been used to interpret other measurement endpoints such as contaminant concentrations. Ecological assessments for several Superfund sites provide examples of how these two approaches have been used to understand the ecological effects of soil, surface water, and sediment contamination. It appears toxicity data can be particularly useful in several ways, from screening lists of contaminant concentrations for potential toxicity to evaluating the geographical extent of demonstrably toxic contamination. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Duncan, P B Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 255 EP - 271 VL - 35 IS - 2 KW - Superfund KW - hazardous wastes KW - pollution KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - chemical pollution KW - environmental impact KW - bioassays KW - waste disposal sites KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17012705?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Using+toxicity+data+to+evaluate+ecological+effects+at+Superfund+sites&rft.au=Duncan%2C+P+B&rft.aulast=Duncan&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=255&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Ecological risk assessment: A scientific perspective AN - 17004765; 3841962 AB - Ecological risk assessment is becoming an increasingly important tool for ranking, assessing, reducing, and managing environmental risks. To provide Agency-wide guidance in this area in the U.S., EPA's Risk Assessment Forum has begun a multi-year guidelines development program. The first step in this program was the publication of the report "Framework for Ecological Risk Assessment" which describes the principles, concepts, terminology, and structure of ecological risk assessments. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Gentile, J H AU - Harwell, MA AU - Van der Schalie, WH AU - Norton, S B AU - Rodier, D J Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 241 EP - 253 VL - 35 IS - 2 KW - government programs KW - EPA KW - federal regulations KW - government policy KW - pollution KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - environmental impact KW - environment management KW - USA KW - risk assessment KW - ecology KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17004765?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Ecological+risk+assessment%3A+A+scientific+perspective&rft.au=Gentile%2C+J+H%3BHarwell%2C+MA%3BVan+der+Schalie%2C+WH%3BNorton%2C+S+B%3BRodier%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Gentile&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - CONF T1 - EPA responsibilities for administering ecological regulations AN - 17003269; 3841958 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) historically has focused largely on the protection of human health. In recent years, however, the Agency has devoted greater attention to the ecological component of environmental problems. This paper analyzes EPA's authority to evaluate and implement ecological protection, and examines how the Agency uses that authority. The article also addresses the concept of ecological risk, and the relationship between environmental quality and sustainable economic development. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Jutro, PR AU - Carter, T B Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 173 EP - 182 VL - 35 IS - 2 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - government agencies KW - environmental protection KW - EPA KW - sustainable development KW - ecology KW - federal regulations KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17003269?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=EPA+responsibilities+for+administering+ecological+regulations&rft.au=Jutro%2C+PR%3BCarter%2C+T+B&rft.aulast=Jutro&rft.aufirst=PR&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a computer supported model of industrial production and waste generation system AN - 16987477; 3629970 AB - A framework of industrial production and waste generation system is outlined. A mathematical model of the system is presented and parameters are precisely defined. Based on the mathematical model, a waste generation prediction model is developed and cost analysis of the system is carried out. To study the system behavior, a hypothetical model is further introduced and simulated using STELLA dynamic simulation software. The applicability of the hypothetical model for regulative purposes is tested. JF - International Journal of Environmental Studies AU - Olbina, R AU - Dolnicar, D AD - Risk Reduct. Eng. Lab., U.S. EPA, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 29 EP - 41 VL - 45 IS - 1 SN - 0020-7233, 0020-7233 KW - computer models KW - cost analysis KW - computer applications KW - economics KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - mathematical models KW - industrial wastes KW - waste management KW - water quality control KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16987477?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Studies&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+computer+supported+model+of+industrial+production+and+waste+generation+system&rft.au=Olbina%2C+R%3BDolnicar%2C+D&rft.aulast=Olbina&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Studies&rft.issn=00207233&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computer models; mathematical models; waste management; industrial wastes; water quality control; cost analysis; computer applications; economics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA's strategy to reduce risk of radon AN - 16965291; 3622703 AB - The Indoor Radon Abatement Act of 1988 (IRAA) directed EPA to undertake a variety of activities to address the growing public concern over dangers posed by exposure to indoor radon. Among other requirements, the law directed the Agency to study radon levels, evaluate mitigation methods, establish proficiency programs, assist states with program development, develop training centers, and provide public information. EPA has developed and implemented programs to address each of the key provisions of this statute. The authors present EPA's broad national strategy to reduce radon risks. It combines and reinforces EPA's basic foundation, including its guiding policies and cooperative partnerships, with an overall management approach and focus for the future. The authors introduce the strategy's four key elements: underlying policies and scientific principles, a decentralized system of states and other partners for targeting the public, multiple strategies for achieving radon risk reduction, and a strong focus on five key program priorities. The authors then discuss each of these elements in more detail and describe how they interact to guide future efforts and directions of the Agency. JF - Journal of Environment and Health AU - Page, S AD - U.S. EPA Radon Div. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 27 EP - 36 VL - 56 IS - 5 SN - 0022-0892, 0022-0892 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - radon KW - public concern KW - indoor environments KW - federal regulations KW - legislation KW - EPA KW - USA KW - R2 23030:Natural hazards KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - H SE3.9.1:RADIATION HAZARDS UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16965291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environment+and+Health&rft.atitle=EPA%27s+strategy+to+reduce+risk+of+radon&rft.au=Page%2C+S&rft.aulast=Page&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environment+and+Health&rft.issn=00220892&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; radon; public concern; indoor environments; federal regulations; EPA; legislation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reduction of genotoxicity of a creosote-contaminated soil after fungal treatment determined by the Tradescantia-micronucleus test AN - 16946959; 3608876 AB - The fungal degradation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in a contaminated soil from a hazardous waste site was evaluated in a pilot-scale study. As some PAH are known to be mutagens, the Tradescantia-micronucleus test (TRAD-MCN) was selected to evaluate the genotoxicity of the soil before and after fungal treatment. The genotoxicity test was conducted with Tradescantia clone 4430. Cuttings were exposed for 30 h to different dilutions of soil extracts from the PAH-contaminated soil before and after fungal treatment. Soil extracts before fungal treatment exhibited a relatively strong genotoxic effect in the meiotic pollen mother cells even at a 1% concentration, and the highest concentration without significant effect was 0.25%. After fungal treatment, the depletion of selected PAH was associated with a reduction of the soil genotoxicity. The 2% concentration of the extract from the fungal-treated soil showed genotoxic effects comparable to the 1% soil extract without fungal treatment. The results indicate that the Trad-MCN test has a potential utility for evaluating the efficiency of bioremediation of genotoxic soil contaminants. JF - Mutation Research AU - Baud-Grasset, S AU - Baud-Grasset, F AU - Bifulco, J M AU - Meier, J R AU - Ma, Te-Hsiu AD - MS-642, U.S. EPA, Environ. Monit. Syst. Lab., 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 77 EP - 82 VL - 303 IS - 2 SN - 0165-7992, 0165-7992 KW - Tradescantia-micronucleus test KW - polyaromatic hydrocarbons KW - soil contamination KW - degradation KW - Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Genetics Abstracts KW - fungi KW - genotoxicity KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - soil KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons KW - A 01055:Other soil treatments KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - G 07221:Specific chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16946959?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research&rft.atitle=Reduction+of+genotoxicity+of+a+creosote-contaminated+soil+after+fungal+treatment+determined+by+the+Tradescantia-micronucleus+test&rft.au=Baud-Grasset%2C+S%3BBaud-Grasset%2C+F%3BBifulco%2C+J+M%3BMeier%2C+J+R%3BMa%2C+Te-Hsiu&rft.aulast=Baud-Grasset&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=303&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research&rft.issn=01657992&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - genotoxicity; soil; fungi; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; soil contamination; degradation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of selected neuroactive chemicals on calcium transporting systems in rat cerebellum and on survival of cerebellar granule cells AN - 16944429; 3605842 AB - This investigation examined the relationship between alteration of Ca super(2+)-transport systems and cytotoxicity in vitro for a number of neuroactive chemicals including environmental pollutants. super(45)Ca super(2+) uptake as a measure of Ca super(2+) sequestration was determined in mitochondria and microsomes isolated from cerebella of adult male Long-Evans hooded rats by differential centrifugation. Ca super(2+) extrusion, measured as Ca super(2+)-ATPase activity, was determined in synaptosomes prepared by sucrose density gradient. Cytotoxicity (lactate dehydrogenase leakage) was assessed in primary cultures of cerebellar granule cells from 6- to 8-day-old Long-Evans rats. N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) did not alter synaptosomal Ca super(2+)-ATPase activity or super(45)Ca super(2+) uptake in mitochondria and microsomes. However, chlorpromazine (CPZ), aluminum (Al), permethrin (PER), and deltamethrin (DEL) inhibited Ca super(2+) sequestration by mitochondria and microsomes. The IC sub(50) values ( mu M) for CPZ, Al, PER, and DEL were 67.8, 671, 4.2, and 91.2 for mitochondrial super(45)Ca super(2+) uptake, and 129.9, 1384, > 50, and >200 for microsomal super(45)Ca super(2+) uptake, respectively. JF - Fundamental and Applied Toxicology AU - Kodavanti, PRS AU - Mundy, W R AU - Tilson, HA AU - Harry, G J AD - Cell. and Mol. Toxicol. Branch, Neurotoxicol. Div., Health Eff. Res. Lab., EPA Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 308 EP - 316 VL - 21 IS - 3 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - calcium KW - rats KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - transport KW - xenobiotics KW - cerebellum KW - N3 11104:Mammals (except primates) KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - T 20019:Cellular calcium, channels and currents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16944429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+selected+neuroactive+chemicals+on+calcium+transporting+systems+in+rat+cerebellum+and+on+survival+of+cerebellar+granule+cells&rft.au=Kodavanti%2C+PRS%3BMundy%2C+W+R%3BTilson%2C+HA%3BHarry%2C+G+J&rft.aulast=Kodavanti&rft.aufirst=PRS&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=308&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - xenobiotics; transport; cerebellum ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nonpoint source pollution impacts of alternative agricultural management practices in Illinois: A simulation study AN - 16915120; 3597186 AB - The 1987 National Resources Inventory (NRI) was used to provide a random sample of 100 Illinois cropland sites growing corn and soybeans. These were used with the Erosion Productivity Impact Calculator (EPIC) model to simulate responses of soil erosion and nutrient exports to several different tillage and crop rotation practices. The NRI and other data sources were used for site specific characterizations that reflected the multidimensional variability in site conditions in Illinois. Four alternative management schemes were simulated for each site: continuous corn and soybean/corn rotations under conventional tillage and no-till. Average crop yields varied little under the four management schemes and closely corresponded to expected yields from the SCS Soils-5 Soil Interpretation Records. However, no-till significantly reduced soil erosion rates and loss of soil organic carbon compared to conventional tillage. This reduced erosion under no-till also led to reduced losses of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in eroded soil. Percolation below the root zone represented the greatest N export and is of concern for the issue of groundwater contamination in this region. Nitrate N concentrations in percolate substantially exceeded the drinking water standard of 10 mg/l. Soybean/corn rotations generally had 10-30 percent lower soluble N losses in surface runoff, subsurface flow, and percolation than the corresponding conventional tillage or no-till practices under continuous corn. No-till resulted in a 24 percent increase in soluble N runoff losses compared to conventional tillage in soybean/corn rotations. P losses in surface runoff were larger under no-till, likely as a result of the lack of immediate incorporation of surface P fertilizer into the soil. The model predictions for changes in soil erosion and N and P losses under different management practices were in line with measured changes in site-specific field studies under similar conditions. Our study results take into account the effect of site-to-site variability on the responses and the relative frequency of different site conditions state-wide. This indicates the potential magnitude for changes in nonpoint source pollution by sediment, N, and P state-wide by adoption of alternative corn and soybean tillage and rotation schemes. JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Phillips, D L AU - Hardin, P D AU - Benson, V W AU - Baglio, J V AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 449 EP - 457 VL - 48 IS - 5 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - nonpoint pollution KW - groundwater contamination KW - environmental management KW - nonpoint pollution sources KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - simulation KW - environmental policy KW - soil erosion KW - USA, Illinois KW - surface water KW - agriculture KW - nutrients KW - groundwater pollution KW - runoff KW - crops KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16915120?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.atitle=Nonpoint+source+pollution+impacts+of+alternative+agricultural+management+practices+in+Illinois%3A+A+simulation+study&rft.au=Phillips%2C+D+L%3BHardin%2C+P+D%3BBenson%2C+V+W%3BBaglio%2C+J+V&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=449&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.issn=00224561&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; soil erosion; crops; simulation; nutrients; runoff; surface water; nonpoint pollution sources; groundwater pollution; environmental policy; USA, Illinois; nonpoint pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Meteorologically adjusted ozone trends in urban areas: A probabilistic approach AN - 16902570; 3595743 AB - A method has been developed that explicitly accounts for the effect of meteorological fluctuations on the annual distribution of ground-level ozone in urban areas. The model includes a trend component that adjusts the annual rate of change in ozone for concurrent impacts of meteorological conditions, including surface temperature and wind speed. The model was applied using available data from 43 urban areas throughout the U.S.A. where ozone levels frequently exceed the National Ambient Air Quality Standard. The results suggest that meteorologically adjusted upper percentiles of the distribution of daily maximum 1-h ozone are decreasing in most urban areas over the period from 1981 to 1991. The median rate of change was -1.1% per year indicating the ozone levels have decreased approximately 11% over this time period. Trends estimated by ignoring the meteorological component appear to underestimate the rate of improvement in ozone primarily because of the uneven year-to-year distribution of meteorological conditions favorable to ozone. JF - Atmospheric Environment: Part B: Urban Atmosphere AU - Cox, WM AU - Chu, SH AD - U.S. EPA, Tech. Support Div., MD-14, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 425 EP - 434 VL - 27B IS - 4 SN - 0957-1272, 0957-1272 KW - annual variations KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - air quality KW - ozone KW - USA KW - urban areas KW - meteorology KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16902570?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment%3A+Part+B%3A+Urban+Atmosphere&rft.atitle=Meteorologically+adjusted+ozone+trends+in+urban+areas%3A+A+probabilistic+approach&rft.au=Cox%2C+WM%3BChu%2C+SH&rft.aulast=Cox&rft.aufirst=WM&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=27B&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment%3A+Part+B%3A+Urban+Atmosphere&rft.issn=09571272&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; urban areas; ozone; air quality; meteorology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A rule-based vegetation formation model for Canada AN - 16896177; 3588416 AB - A rule-based, equilibrium vegetation model was developed for predicting the distribution of vegetation formations in Canada under current and projected climatic conditions. The Canadian Climate-Vegetation Model (CCVM) relies on climatic parameters with an inferred mechanistic relationship to the distribution of vegetation. Model inputs are monthly temperature, precipitation and potential evapotranspiration, from which degree-days, absolute minimum temperature, snowpack, actual evapotranspiration and soil moisture deficit are calculated. Splitting rules in a binary decision tree classify the potential natural vegetation at grid cells in a spatially distributed data base. The rules are critical climatic thresholds which physiologically constrain the distributions of different vegetation life-forms. Under current climatic conditions, CCVM produces an accurate simulation of Canadian vegetation as determined by comparisons with regional to continental scale vegetation maps. When compared with the Holdridge (1947, 1967) and Box (1981) models, CCVM predicted the vegetation of Canada in greater detail and with more accuracy. A comparison with the BIOME model (Prentice et al., 1992) showed a similar level of overall predictive accuracy under the current climate, but the two models are known to generate different responses under doubled-CO sub(2) climatic scenarios. The physiological basis of the rules in CCVM will lend a robustness to the model when used to assess the potential impact of climatic change on Canadian vegetation at the level of the formation, the scale at which vegetation most directly interacts with the atmosphere. JF - Journal of Biogeography AU - Lenihan, J M AU - Neilson, R P AD - U.S. EPA Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 615 EP - 628 VL - 20 IS - 6 SN - 0305-0270, 0305-0270 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - models KW - vegetation patterns KW - Canada KW - climatic conditions KW - D 04625:Plants - general KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16896177?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biogeography&rft.atitle=A+rule-based+vegetation+formation+model+for+Canada&rft.au=Lenihan%2C+J+M%3BNeilson%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Lenihan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=615&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biogeography&rft.issn=03050270&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Canada; vegetation patterns; climatic conditions; models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting rodent carcinogenicity of Ames test false positives by in vivo biochemical parameters AN - 16886745; 3583834 AB - 28 chemicals known to be mutagenic in the Ames test but not carcinogenic in rodent bioassays were selected for study. The chemicals were administered by gavage in 2 dose levels to female Sprague-Dawley rats. The effects of these 28 chemicals on 4 biochemical assays (hepatic DNA damage by alkaline elution (DD), hepatic ornithine decarboxylase activity (ODC), serum alanine aminotransferase activity (ALT), and hepatic cytochrome P-450 content (P450)) were determined. The scientific approach taken was to either experimentally find individual cancer predictors of high specificity or to mathematically create composite predictors of high specificity. JF - Mutation Research AU - Kitchin, K T AU - Brown, J L AU - Kulkarni AD - Carcinog. and Metab. Branch, Genet. Toxicol. Div., Health Effects Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 155 EP - 164 VL - 290 IS - 2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - predictions KW - ornithine decarboxylase KW - alanine transaminase KW - cytochrome P450 KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - carcinogens KW - damage KW - DNA KW - chromosome aberrations KW - Ames test KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - G 07221:Specific chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16886745?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research&rft.atitle=Predicting+rodent+carcinogenicity+of+Ames+test+false+positives+by+in+vivo+biochemical+parameters&rft.au=Kitchin%2C+K+T%3BBrown%2C+J+L%3BKulkarni&rft.aulast=Kitchin&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=290&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carcinogens; Ames test; chromosome aberrations; DNA; damage ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Struggling with integrated environmental policy: The EPA experience AN - 16886121; 3797994 AB - Because of the interrelating, cross-media character of many environmental problems, development of comprehensive and coherent policies for their abatement or management is difficult. This is particularly true where, as in the United States, there has been a strong tendency to focus on single issues of complex problems. Nowhere is this problem of policy and program integration more difficult than in the Environmental Protection Agency. This article uses the lead contamination issue to illustrate the obstacles to integration of policy and procedure even for a single environmental pollutant. Given the holistic and ramifying character of environmental problems, how can appropriate policies and regulations be developed in a political system characterized by sectoral, specialized structure and special interest clientele? At the time of this writing, the effects of elevating the EPA to a cabinet level department cannot fully be foreseen. The expansion of EPA to the administration of nonregulatory responsibilities will doubtless bring new problems of policy to this agency. JF - Policy Studies Review AU - Funke, O AD - EPA, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 137 EP - 139 VL - 12 IS - 3-4 SN - 0278-4416, 0278-4416 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - EPA KW - environment management KW - federal policies KW - pollution control KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16886121?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Policy+Studies+Review&rft.atitle=Struggling+with+integrated+environmental+policy%3A+The+EPA+experience&rft.au=Funke%2C+O&rft.aulast=Funke&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Policy+Studies+Review&rft.issn=02784416&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; federal policies; environment management; pollution control ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applicability of computer simulation to solving of waste and wastewater management, and pollution prevention problems AN - 16867890; 3581545 AB - Concepts and methodologies of model building, modelling and computer simulation are presented. First, analysis of model types, classification and modelling philosophy are outlined. Next special emphasis is given to the conceptual and technical tools applied in computer simulation. Finally, some examples of computer simulation application to solving of environmental problems are discussed. JF - International Journal of Environmental Studies AU - Olbina, R AU - Spooner, J M AD - Pollut. Prev. Res. Branch, Risk Reduction Eng. Lab., U.S. EPA, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 87 EP - 95 VL - 44 IS - 2-3 SN - 0020-7233, 0020-7233 KW - model studies KW - wastewater management KW - computer applications KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - wastewater treatment KW - simulation KW - water pollution control KW - computer programs KW - waste management KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 4060:Nonstructural alternatives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16867890?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Studies&rft.atitle=Applicability+of+computer+simulation+to+solving+of+waste+and+wastewater+management%2C+and+pollution+prevention+problems&rft.au=Olbina%2C+R%3BSpooner%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Olbina&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Studies&rft.issn=00207233&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - waste management; computer programs; model studies; water pollution control; wastewater management; wastewater treatment; simulation; computer applications ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental significance of acid sulfate "clays" as waste covers AN - 16856465; 3574023 AB - The current regulatory requirement for cover soils in landfills and surface impoundments is that the soils attain, upon compaction, a very low hydraulic conductivity of 10 super(-7) cm/s or less. Although the influence of the interaction between waste chemicals and clay soil on waste migration has been extensively studied, attempts to incorporate as design components the effects of sulfidic (sulfide-bearing) clays on the integrity of clay caps have largely been ignored. These influences may include increasing the permeability of the cover to percolating moisture, enhancing erosion of clay covers, and killing of vegetation on downslopes of the cover. Consequently, it is suggested that clay cap designers test the acid-generating capabilities of potential clay cap materials before exploiting these earth formations. This can be done by incubating a sample of the candidate capping material (with pH > 3.5) under moist aerobic conditions (field capacity) at room temperature. The soil will be said to contain sulfidic materials if it shows a drop in pH (1:1 by weight in water) of 0.5 or more units to a pH value of 4.0 or less within eight weeks. Decisions should then be made as to whether the soil should be avoided or used with amendments to the cap design. JF - Environmental Geology AU - Kargbo, D M AU - Fanning, D S AU - Inyang, H I AU - Duell, R W AD - U.S. EPA (3HW13), 841 Chestnut Build., Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 218 EP - 226 VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - waste covers KW - soil types KW - design criteria KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - compacted soils KW - hazardous wastes KW - waste disposal sites KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - landfills KW - waste disposal KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16856465?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology&rft.atitle=Environmental+significance+of+acid+sulfate+%22clays%22+as+waste+covers&rft.au=Kargbo%2C+D+M%3BFanning%2C+D+S%3BInyang%2C+H+I%3BDuell%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Kargbo&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=218&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - landfills; waste disposal; soil types; design criteria; compacted soils; hazardous wastes; waste disposal sites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A survey of EPA/OPP and open literature data on selected pesticide chemicals tested for mutagenicity. I. Introduction and first ten chemicals AN - 16840743; 3565539 AB - Parties interested in registering a pesticide chemical with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA's) Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP) must submit toxicity information to support the registration. Mutagenicity data are a part of the required information that must be submitted. This information is available to the public via Freedom of Information requests to the OPP. However, it is felt that this information would be more effectively and widely disseminated if presented in a published medium. Beginning with this population, sets of mutagenicity data on pesticide chemicals will be periodically published in the Genetic Activity Profile (GAP) format. In addition, mutagenicity data extracted from the currently available open literature is also presented to provide a more complete database and to allow comparisons between the OPP-submitted data and other publicly available information. JF - Mutation Research AU - Dearfield, K L AU - Stack, H F AU - Quest, JA AU - Whiting, R J AU - Waters, MD AD - U.S. EPA, Health Eff. Res. Lab., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 197 EP - 223 VL - 297 IS - 3 SN - 0165-1107, 0165-1107 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - mutagenicity KW - pesticides KW - G 07220:General theory/testing systems KW - X 24135:Biochemistry KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - H SE5.3:HAZARD DETERMINATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16840743?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research&rft.atitle=A+survey+of+EPA%2FOPP+and+open+literature+data+on+selected+pesticide+chemicals+tested+for+mutagenicity.+I.+Introduction+and+first+ten+chemicals&rft.au=Dearfield%2C+K+L%3BStack%2C+H+F%3BQuest%2C+JA%3BWhiting%2C+R+J%3BWaters%2C+MD&rft.aulast=Dearfield&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=297&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research&rft.issn=01651107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pesticides; mutagenicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Caveats regarding the use of the laboratory rat as a model for acute toxicological studies: Modulation of the toxic response via physiological and behavioral mechanisms AN - 16840466; 3564159 AB - The rodent, specifically the laboratory rat, is the primary experimental animal used in toxicology testing. Despite its popularity, recent studies from our laboratory and others raise a number of questions concerning the rat's appropriateness as an animal model for toxicological studies. While there may be additional areas in which the rat and other small rodents fail to adequately mimic the human response to xenobiotic agents, this article will focus on the area of temperature regulation. Thus, this article will review the thermoregulatory response of the laboratory rat following acute exposure to toxic agents and examine the impact of this response on the extrapolation of toxicological data from experimental animals to humans. In general, the rat responds to acute intoxication by lowering its core temperature via both physiological and behavioral mechanisms, thereby attenuating the induced toxicity. Similar responses have not been reported in humans. JF - Toxicology AU - Watkinson, W P AU - Gordon, C J AD - MD-82, Environ. Toxicol. Div., Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, N.C. 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 15 EP - 31 VL - 81 IS - 1 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - rats KW - temperature KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - acute toxicity KW - behavior KW - physiology KW - thermoregulation KW - body temperature KW - methodology KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16840466?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Caveats+regarding+the+use+of+the+laboratory+rat+as+a+model+for+acute+toxicological+studies%3A+Modulation+of+the+toxic+response+via+physiological+and+behavioral+mechanisms&rft.au=Watkinson%2C+W+P%3BGordon%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Watkinson&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxicity testing; acute toxicity; methodology; physiology; behavior; body temperature; thermoregulation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Industry association influence upon state aquaculture policy in the North Central Region AN - 16824707; 3770986 AB - States within the North Central Region of the U.S. differ in their approaches to regulating the aquaculture industry. According to interest group theory, these policy differences may be attributable to differences in the abilities of state aquaculture associations to influence state policy makers. The influence abilities of six aquaculture industry associations were examined in relation to the corresponding state policy outputs. Influence was defined in terms of each group's relative cohesion, power, and access to policy makers at both the administrative and legislative levels. Each component was measured separately and subsequently aggregated to form an overall influence index for each association. State policy outputs were assessed by means of a matrix analysis which enabled the states to be ranked in order of regulatory control. A moderately positive relationship was found between association influence and state policy output. Power and access variables were indicated as the more important determinants of influence. Factors external to the groups themselves, such as the political and social cultures of the states, also played an important role in aquaculture association influence upon state-level policies. JF - Ohio Journal of Science AU - Thomas, S K AU - Floyd, D W AU - Vertrees, R L AD - Ohio EPA, P.O. Box 1049, 1600 Watermark Dr., Columbus, OH 43266-0149, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 19 EP - 26 VL - 93 IS - 1 SN - 0030-0950, 0030-0950 KW - aquaculture regulations KW - environmental legislation KW - fish culture KW - government policy KW - jurisdiction KW - state policies KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - water quality KW - legislation KW - Freshwater KW - USA, North Central KW - USA KW - aquaculture KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - Q3 08581:Aquaculture: General KW - Q1 08581:General KW - Q4 27290:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16824707?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ohio+Journal+of+Science&rft.atitle=Industry+association+influence+upon+state+aquaculture+policy+in+the+North+Central+Region&rft.au=Thomas%2C+S+K%3BFloyd%2C+D+W%3BVertrees%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ohio+Journal+of+Science&rft.issn=00300950&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water quality; fish culture; aquaculture; legislation; jurisdiction; aquaculture regulations; environmental legislation; government policy; state policies; USA, North Central; USA; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of the relationships among O sub(3) uptake, conductance, and photosynthesis in needles of Pinus ponderosa AN - 16815266; 3556727 AB - We studied the effects of O sub(3) uptake on conductance (g sub(wv)) and photosynthesis (A) in needles of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Laws.) seedlings exposed for 70 days to one of three O sub(3) regimes-Low-O sub(3) (0.1 mu mol mol super(-1) daily peak), High-O sub(3) (0.2 mu mol mol super(-1) daily peak), and Low/High-O sub(3) (alternating 2 days Low-O sub(3) and 2 days High-O sub(3)). Seedlings exposed to charcoal-filtered air served as controls. Total O sub(3) exposures, expressed as ppm-h (the sum of the average hourly concentration in ppm ( mu mol mol super(-1)) over the exposure period), were 77, 135, 105 and 4 for the Low-O sub(3), High-O sub(3), Low/High-O sub(3) and control treatments, respectively. Conductance (g sub(wv)) declined to about 60% of the value in control seedlings by Day 6 in seedlings in the High-O sub(3) treatment and by Day 37 in seedlings in the Low/High-O sub(3) treatment, but g sub(wv) did not decline at all in seedlings in the Low-O sub(3) treatment. At the end of the 70-day experiment, cumulative O sub(3) uptake, calculated from measured g sub(wv) values and assuming an internal O sub(3) concentration of zero, was 12.2, 13.5, and 14.7 mmol m super(-2) for seedlings in the Low-O sub(3), Low/High-O sub(3), and High-O sub(3) treatments, respectively; however, O sub(3) uptake was reduced by 0, 24, and 36%, respectively, from that expected if there had been no decline in g sub(wv). With increasing total O sub(3) exposure, A declined, but the reduction was not strictly cumulative, i.e., A measured on Days 49 and 70 was similar for a given treatment even though both total O sub(3) exposure and uptake had increased. Our data indicate that O sub(3)-induced stomatal closure was a result of reduced A and that decreased g sub(wv) reduced O sub(3) uptake to a rate that needles of ponderosa pine could tolerate without exhibiting further reductions in gas exchange capacity. JF - Tree Physiology AU - Weber, JA AU - Clark, C S AU - Hogsett, W E AD - U.S. EPA Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 157 EP - 172 VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 0829-318X, 0829-318X KW - conductance KW - ozone KW - Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - photosynthesis KW - Pinus ponderosa KW - USA, Sierra Nevada Mts. KW - D 04635:Conifers KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16815266?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tree+Physiology&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+the+relationships+among+O+sub%283%29+uptake%2C+conductance%2C+and+photosynthesis+in+needles+of+Pinus+ponderosa&rft.au=Weber%2C+JA%3BClark%2C+C+S%3BHogsett%2C+W+E&rft.aulast=Weber&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Tree+Physiology&rft.issn=0829318X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pinus ponderosa; USA, Sierra Nevada Mts.; ozone; photosynthesis; conductance ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physiological and immunological measures of Apalachicola Bay oysters during a one-year period AN - 16810390; 3553131 AB - Most physiological and immunological measures of oyster health are influenced by changes in salinity and temperature. To apply such measures in assessment of oyster health requires knowledge of variations introduced by temperature and salinity patterns. A year-long study was performed on oysters (Crassostrea virginica) from two subtidal, unpolluted, commercially-harvested sites in Apalachicola Bay, Florida. Oysters were collected monthly and multiple endpoints measured for each organism. Physiological measures included gonadal index and state of maturation, condition index, tissue structure indices and hemolymph protein levels. Immunological measures included hemocyte morphology, mobility, phagocytic capacity and superoxide production as well as hemolymph lectin and lysozyme content. Parasite burdens and infection levels of Perkinsus marinus were quantified. Results demonstrated high variability for most endpoints, with seasonal (temperature) cycles in evidence and relatively rapid responses to salinity events. Correlations among certain immunological endpoints support current hypotheses of immunological fitness. It is concluded that assessment of oyster health requires a continuous monitoring scheme for each site under consideration to reduce potential misinterpretation of results. JF - Journal of Shellfish Research AU - Fisher, W S AU - Winstead, J T AU - Oliver, L M AU - Edwards, P AD - U.S. EPA, Cent. Mar. and Estuar. Dis. Res., Environ. Res. Lab., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 127 EP - 128 VL - 12 IS - 1 SN - 0730-8000, 0730-8000 KW - ASW, USA, Florida, Applachicola Bay KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts KW - body conditions KW - Marine KW - salinity effects KW - parasites KW - immunology KW - physiology KW - environmental conditions KW - Crassostrea virginica KW - temperature effects KW - seasonal variations KW - sexual maturity KW - Q3 08583:Shellfish culture KW - Q1 08266:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - Q1 08583:Shellfish culture KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16810390?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Shellfish+Research&rft.atitle=Physiological+and+immunological+measures+of+Apalachicola+Bay+oysters+during+a+one-year+period&rft.au=Fisher%2C+W+S%3BWinstead%2C+J+T%3BOliver%2C+L+M%3BEdwards%2C+P&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Shellfish+Research&rft.issn=07308000&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Abstract only. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body conditions; salinity effects; parasites; immunology; physiology; environmental conditions; seasonal variations; temperature effects; sexual maturity; Crassostrea virginica; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Current issues in human lead exposure and regulation of lead AN - 16805847; 3542688 AB - Concern about lead as a significant public health problem has increased as epidemiological and experimental evidence has mounted regarding adverse health effects at successively lower levels of lead exposure. This concern has led to downward revision of criteria for acceptable blood lead concentrations to the 10 mu g/dL mark now designated by EPA as a target level for regulatory development and enforcement/clean-up purposes. Much progress has been made in reducing lead exposures during the past 10 - 15 years, with marked declines evident both in air lead and blood lead concentrations in parallel to the phase-down of lead in gasoline and notable decreases in food lead exposure due to elimination of lead soldered cans by U.S. food processors. With the lessening of exposure from these sources, the importance of other components of multimedia exposure pathways has grown and stimulated increasing regulatory attention and abatement efforts to reduce health risks associated with lead exposure from drinking water, from lead-based paint, and from household dust and soil contaminated by deteriorating paint, smelter emissions, or various other sources. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Davis, J M AU - Elias, R W AU - Grant, L D AD - ECAO (MD-52), U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 15 EP - 28 VL - 14 IS - 2-3 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - health risks KW - man KW - government policy KW - lead KW - government policies KW - environmental health KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - reviews KW - toxicity KW - H SM6.5:STANDARDS, LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND POLICY KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - N3 11105:Primates KW - X 24163:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16805847?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Current+issues+in+human+lead+exposure+and+regulation+of+lead&rft.au=Davis%2C+J+M%3BElias%2C+R+W%3BGrant%2C+L+D&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - lead; toxicity; reviews; government policies; environmental health; man; government policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Is there a common response to ultraviolet-B radiation by marine phytoplankton? AN - 16804312; 3554633 AB - Global increases in ultraviolet-B radiation (UVBR) have the potential to alter marine primary production and to affect carbon cycles and marine trophic dynamics. Estimates of UVBR induced photoinhibition have varied greatly, indicating that a common dose-response by marine phytoplankton may not occur from place to place. An action spectrum describing the wavelength specific effects of UVBR on carbon fixation was determined by comparing responses of phytoplankton exposed to natural and artificial UVBR sources. Application of this new action spectrum to data presented here, as well as data reported previously, indicates that a common photoinhibitory response to UVBR may occur for exposures of several hours. JF - Marine ecology progress series. Oldendorf AU - Behrenfeld, MJ AU - Chapman, J W AU - Hardy, J T AU - Lee, H II AD - AScI, U.S. EPA Environ. Res. Lab., Newport, OR 97365, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 59 EP - 68 VL - 102 IS - 1-2 SN - 0171-8630, 0171-8630 KW - UVBR KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts KW - wavelength KW - Marine KW - phytoplankton KW - incubation KW - carbon fixation KW - DNA KW - primary production KW - trophic relationships KW - INE, USA, Washington KW - ultraviolet radiation KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 08461:Plankton KW - Q1 08481:Productivity KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16804312?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+ecology+progress+series.+Oldendorf&rft.atitle=Is+there+a+common+response+to+ultraviolet-B+radiation+by+marine+phytoplankton%3F&rft.au=Behrenfeld%2C+MJ%3BChapman%2C+J+W%3BHardy%2C+J+T%3BLee%2C+H+II&rft.aulast=Behrenfeld&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+ecology+progress+series.+Oldendorf&rft.issn=01718630&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - wavelength; phytoplankton; incubation; DNA; carbon fixation; primary production; trophic relationships; ultraviolet radiation; INE, USA, Washington; Marine ER - TY - CONF T1 - Effects of age, species difference, antibiotics and toxicants on intestinal enzyme activity and genotoxicity AN - 16800007; 3542215 AB - Altered intestinal enzyme activity significantly affects the biotransformation and toxicity of many xenobiotics. This article summarizes research, supported by the U.S. Air Force Bioenvironmental Hazards Research Program, that employs a novel gas-liquid chromatographic assay to investigate the effects of age, species difference, antibiotics, and environmental chemicals on enzyme activity in various regions of the intestinal tract. Significant research findings include the following: (a) age-dependent alterations in enzyme activity in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of the developing animal that suggest a changing susceptibility to toxicants during this period; (b) discovery of previously unreported mucosal enzymes in the small intestine that are present in germ-free rats and are not susceptible to antibiotics; (c) markedly greater intestinal nitroreductase activity and significantly higher bioactivation of the procarcinogen 2,6-dinitrotoluene (DNT) in CD-1 mice than in Fischer 344 rats; (d) significantly altered intestinal enzyme activity in rats pretreated with lindane, pentachlorophenol, 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T), or Aroclor 1254; (e) potentiated DNT genotoxicity by Aroclor 1254 and pentachlorophenol pretreatment; and (f) a transient antagonism of DNT genotoxicity by 2,4,5-T pretreatment. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Chadwick, R W AU - George, SE AU - Chang, J AU - Kohan, MJ AU - Dekker, J P AU - Allison, J C AU - Long, JE AU - Duffy, M C AU - Forehand, L R Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 1339 EP - 1352 VL - 12 IS - 8 KW - species differences KW - antibiotics KW - Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - intestine KW - enzymes KW - age KW - genotoxicity testing KW - toxicants KW - activity KW - G 07220:General theory/testing systems KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16800007?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Effects+of+age%2C+species+difference%2C+antibiotics+and+toxicants+on+intestinal+enzyme+activity+and+genotoxicity&rft.au=Chadwick%2C+R+W%3BGeorge%2C+SE%3BChang%2C+J%3BKohan%2C+MJ%3BDekker%2C+J+P%3BAllison%2C+J+C%3BLong%2C+JE%3BDuffy%2C+M+C%3BForehand%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Chadwick&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - CONF T1 - A brief survey of butadiene health effects: A role for metabolic differences AN - 16799698; 3550162 AB - 1,3-Butadiene is a major monomer in the rubber and plastics industry and is one of the highest-production industrial chemicals in the United States. Although not highly acutely toxic to rodents, inhalation of concentrations as low as 6.25 ppm causes tumors in mice. Butadiene is oncogenic in rats, but much higher exposure concentrations are required than in mice. Chronic toxicity targets the gonads and hematopoietic system. Butadiene is also a potent mutagen and clastogen. Differences in the absorption, distribution, and elimination of butadiene appear to be relatively minor between rats and mice, although mice do retain more butadiene and its metabolites after exposure to the same concentration and have a higher rate of metabolic elimination. Recent studies have demonstrated that major species differences appear to occur in the rate of detoxication of the primary metabolite, 3-epoxybutene (butadiene monoepoxide [BDMO]). Mice have the greatest rate of production of BDMO as compared to other species, but the rate of removal of BDMO appears to be less than in other species. JF - ENVIRON. HEALTH PERSPECT. SUPPL. AU - Birnbaum, L S Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 161 EP - 167 VL - 101 IS - 6 KW - 1,3-butadiene KW - health effects KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - reviews KW - man KW - X 24250:Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16799698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ENVIRON.+HEALTH+PERSPECT.+SUPPL.&rft.atitle=A+brief+survey+of+butadiene+health+effects%3A+A+role+for+metabolic+differences&rft.au=Birnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Birnbaum&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ENVIRON.+HEALTH+PERSPECT.+SUPPL.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental neurotoxicity following neonatal exposure to 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile in the rat AN - 16798767; 3751724 AB - Adult exposure to the neurotoxicant 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN), induces a hyperkinetic syndrome consisting of spontaneous head movements, abnormal circling, backward locomotion, and sensory disruption. We report here the behavioral effects of developmental exposure to IDPN in the rat. Animals were exposed (IP) to either saline, 75, 150, or 300 mg/kg/day on postnatal days (PND) 5-7. Animals were tested for: Figure-8 maze activity (PND 13-60); olfactory discrimination learning (PND 18 & 24); T-maze alternation and position discrimination learning (PND 25 & 26); acoustic startle response (PND 23, 61, & 62); passive avoidance (PND 70). To better define the dose response, a separate group of animals was exposed to either saline or 225 mg/kg/day (PND 5-7) and tested in the activity, T-maze, and startle paradigms. Animals exposed to 225 mg/kg/day and 300 mg/kg/day had decreased weight gain and lethality was 25% in the latter group. Signs of the IDPN syndrome, evident in the 225 and 300 mg/kg/day groups, persisted throughout the course of the study. IDPN exposed animals (300 mg/kg/day) were hyperactive on PND 17-60, failing to develop habituation in the Figure-eight maze until PND 60. The acoustic startle response was depressed for the 225 and 300 mg/kg/day groups on PND 23 only. Auditory thresholds were elevated for a high-frequency (40 kHz) but not a low-frequency tone (5 kHz) for the 225 and 300 mg/kg/day groups, indicating a hearing loss. IDPN treatment also disrupted performance of olfactory discrimination learning and produced cognitive deficits in T-maze learning in infants (300 mg/kg/day). That cognitive deficits also appeared in adulthood (PND 70) was demonstrated by learning deficits in a passive avoidance task at 150 and 300 mg/kg/day. IDPN (300 mg/kg/day) also caused a decrease in the wet weight of the whole brain (8%) and the cerebellum (12%) but not the hippocampus. The data demonstrate that short-term, neonatal exposure to IDPN in the rat produced persistent alterations in sensory, motor, and cognitive aspects of nervous system function. JF - Neurotoxicology and Teratology AU - Crofton, K M AU - Peele, D B AU - Stanton, ME AD - Neurotoxicol. Div., MD-74B, Health Effects Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 117 EP - 129 VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - nervous system KW - neurotoxicity KW - maze learning KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - N3 11139:Toxicological and psychoactive drug correlates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16798767?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.atitle=Developmental+neurotoxicity+following+neonatal+exposure+to+3%2C3%27-iminodipropionitrile+in+the+rat&rft.au=Crofton%2C+K+M%3BPeele%2C+D+B%3BStanton%2C+ME&rft.aulast=Crofton&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - neurotoxicity; nervous system; maze learning ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Delay in the development of amygdala kindling following treatment with 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile AN - 16798286; 3751737 AB - A disruption in cognitive function and induction of astrogliosis in the brain have been reported as neurotoxic effects of 3-3'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN). Kindling is a model of synaptic plasticity that produces functional and structural alterations in brain that may encompass those underlying learning and memory. We examined kindling development in rats exposed to IDPN as neonates (0 or 225 mg/kg on postnatal days 5-7) or as adults (0 or 200 mg/kg/day for 3 days at 2-3 months of age). As adults, animals were electrically kindled in the amygdala with once daily stimulation until fully generalized seizures were evoked. IDPN significantly retarded the rate of development of kindling and shortened the mean afterdischarge (AD) duration with successive stimulations in animals dosed as adults. Neonatally-treated animals were not significantly slower to kindle but did demonstrate protracted AD development. No effect on pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures was seen. IDPN's reported effects on biogenic amines or its olfactory toxicity cannot readily account for the delay in kindling. Alternatively, we propose that disruption of synaptic transmission consequent to IDPN-induced neuronal degeneration in the CNS may contribute to an impairment of kindling. JF - Neurotoxicology and Teratology AU - Gilbert, ME AU - Llorens, J AD - Health Effects Res. Lab., Neurotoxicol. Div., MD-8, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 243 EP - 250 VL - 15 IS - 4 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - kindling KW - amygdala KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - N3 11124:Mammalian neuropathology (except primates) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16798286?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.atitle=Delay+in+the+development+of+amygdala+kindling+following+treatment+with+3%2C3%27-iminodipropionitrile&rft.au=Gilbert%2C+ME%3BLlorens%2C+J&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=ME&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amygdala; kindling ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bitertanol, a triazole fungicide, increases operant responding but not motor activity AN - 16797843; 3751738 AB - Several recent reports indicate that triadimefon, a triazole fungicide, has effects on behavior that are similar to those of psychomotor stimulants. For example, triadimefon increases overall fixed-interval (FI) response rate, disrupts FI response patterning, increases motor activity, and produces stereotypies at high doses. The present study was designed to determine whether similar behavioral effects on FI performance and motor activity could be produced by another triazole fungicide, bitertanol. The effects of bitertanol (10-300 mg/kg, IP) were determined in rats on performance maintained under a multiple FI 1-min FI 5-min schedule of reinforcement. Intermediate doses of bitertanol increased response rates and disrupted response patterning in both FI components. A second experiment determined the effects of the same doses of bitertanol on motor activity. In contrast to its effects on operant responding, bitertanol did not increase motor activity at any of the doses tested. The findings indicate that the behavioral similarities between bitertanol and triadimefon are limited and that a dissociation exists between bitertanol's effects on operant performance and motor activity. JF - Neurotoxicology and Teratology AU - Allen, A R AU - MacPhail, R C AD - Neurotoxicol. Div. (MD-74B), U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 237 EP - 242 VL - 15 IS - 4 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - bitertanol KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - operant response KW - neurotoxicity KW - fungicides KW - locomotion KW - X 24131:Acute exposure KW - N3 11139:Toxicological and psychoactive drug correlates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16797843?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.atitle=Bitertanol%2C+a+triazole+fungicide%2C+increases+operant+responding+but+not+motor+activity&rft.au=Allen%2C+A+R%3BMacPhail%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - neurotoxicity; operant response; locomotion; fungicides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seasonal variation of acid volatile sulfide concentration in sediment cores from three northeastern Minnesota lakes AN - 16797630; 3545550 AB - Acid volatile sulfide (AVS) is a natural agent in sediments which complexes some cationic metals and thereby influences the toxicity of these metals to benthic organisms. Because of its influence on metal bioavailability, AVS has been proposed as a key normalization phase for the development of sediment quality criteria for metals. However, studies conducted primarily in marine and estuarine systems have shown that AVS concentrations can vary markedly both temporally and with (sediment) depth. In this study, AVS concentrations were measured monthly for 16 mo in several segments of sediment cores from three freshwater lakes: Caribou Lake, Fish Lake and Pike Lake in northeastern Minnesota, USA. The concentrations of AVS in cores from the three lakes varied inversely with sediment depth. AVS concentrations also varied seasonally by as much as two orders of magnitude and were directly correlated with changes in water temperature. The correlation between AVS and temperature likely was related both to changes in primary productivity and sediment microbial activity. JF - Hydrobiologia AU - Leonard, EN AU - Mattson, V R AU - Benoit, DA AU - Hoke, R A AU - Ankley, G T AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 87 EP - 95 VL - 271 IS - 2 SN - 0018-8158, 0018-8158 KW - sediment chemistry KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - lakes KW - Freshwater KW - USA, Minnesota KW - toxicity KW - sediments KW - seasonal variations KW - sulfides KW - geochemistry KW - aquatic environment KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - Q2 09187:Geochemistry of sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16797630?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrobiologia&rft.atitle=Seasonal+variation+of+acid+volatile+sulfide+concentration+in+sediment+cores+from+three+northeastern+Minnesota+lakes&rft.au=Leonard%2C+EN%3BMattson%2C+V+R%3BBenoit%2C+DA%3BHoke%2C+R+A%3BAnkley%2C+G+T&rft.aulast=Leonard&rft.aufirst=EN&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=271&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrobiologia&rft.issn=00188158&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxicity; sediments; lakes; seasonal variations; sediment chemistry; aquatic environment; geochemistry; sulfides; USA, Minnesota; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analyses of cytogenetic damage in rodents following exposure to simulated groundwater contaminated with pesticides and a fertilizer AN - 16797166; 3542299 AB - Male Fischer 344 rats and female B6C3F1 mice were each exposed through their drinking water to a mixture of pesticides and ammonium nitrate that simulated contaminated groundwater in California (California Chemical Mixture [CCM]). Exposures were for 71 or 91 days, respectively. In addition, B6C3F1 female mice were exposed for 91 days to another pesticide and ammonium nitrate mixture (Iowa Chemical Mixture [ICM]) through their drinking water. The spleens were removed from the animals, and the splenocytes were cultured for analyses of sister-chromatid exchange (SCE), chromosome aberrations (CA), and micronuclei (MN) in cytochalasin B-induced binucleate cells. A concentration-related increase in SCEs was found in the splenocytes of the rat at the 1 X, 10 X and 100 X levels of the CCM and at the 100 X concentration of the CCM in the mouse. JF - Mutation Research AU - Kligerman, AD AU - Chapin, R E AU - Erexson, G L AU - Germolec AU - Kwanyuen, P AU - Yang, RSH AD - U.S. EPA, Mail Drop 68, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 125 EP - 134 VL - 300 IS - 2 SN - 0921-8262, 0921-8262 KW - ammonium nitrate KW - rats KW - mice KW - Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - fertilizers KW - cytogenetics KW - damage KW - chromosome aberrations KW - sister chromatid exchange KW - pesticides KW - X 24135:Biochemistry KW - G 07221:Specific chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16797166?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research&rft.atitle=Analyses+of+cytogenetic+damage+in+rodents+following+exposure+to+simulated+groundwater+contaminated+with+pesticides+and+a+fertilizer&rft.au=Kligerman%2C+AD%3BChapin%2C+R+E%3BErexson%2C+G+L%3BGermolec%3BKwanyuen%2C+P%3BYang%2C+RSH&rft.aulast=Kligerman&rft.aufirst=AD&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=300&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research&rft.issn=09218262&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pesticides; cytogenetics; damage; chromosome aberrations; sister chromatid exchange; fertilizers ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A national critical loads framework for atmospheric deposition effects assessment: I. Method summary AN - 16795814; 3750600 AB - The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), with the assistance of the US Department of Energy (DOE) and the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is examining the utility of a critical loads approach for evaluating atmospheric pollutant effects on sensitive ecosystems. A critical load has been defined as, "a quantitative estimate of an exposure to one or more pollutants below which significant harmful effects on specified sensitive elements of the environment do not occur according to present knowledge." Working in cooperation with the United Nations Economic Community for Europe's (UN-ECE) Long Range Transboundary Air Pollution (LRTAP) Convention, the EPA has developed a flexible, six-step approach for setting critical loads for a range of ecosystem types. The six steps of the approach are: (1) selection of ecosystem components, indicators, and characterization of the resource; (2) definition of functional subregions; (3) characterization of deposition within each of the subregions; (4) definition of an assessment end point; (5) selection and application of models; and (6) mapping projected ecosystem responses. JF - Environmental Management AU - Strickland, T C AU - Holdren, GR Jr AU - Ringold, P L AU - Bernard, D AU - Smythe, K AU - Fallon, W AD - ManTech Environ. Technol. Inc., c/o U.S. EPA Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 329 EP - 334 VL - 17 IS - 3 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - critical loads KW - environmental management KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - atmosphere KW - ecosystems KW - air pollution KW - EPA KW - monitoring methods KW - pollution effects KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16795814?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=A+national+critical+loads+framework+for+atmospheric+deposition+effects+assessment%3A+I.+Method+summary&rft.au=Strickland%2C+T+C%3BHoldren%2C+GR+Jr%3BRingold%2C+P+L%3BBernard%2C+D%3BSmythe%2C+K%3BFallon%2C+W&rft.aulast=Strickland&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=329&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; air pollution; ecosystems; pollution effects; EPA; monitoring methods ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transfer of arsenite from glutathione to dithiols: A model of interaction AN - 16794066; 3541988 AB - The interactions of arsenate and arsenite with meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) have been characterized using carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance. These studies show that DMSA reduces arsenate to arsenite and complexes arsenite. Monitoring the carbon-13 signals of complexed DMSA and liberated glutathione shows that DMSA readily extracts arsenite from a (glutathione) sub(3)-arsenite complex, proving the affinity of arsenite for dithiols is greater than that for monothiols. Competition between DMSA (vicinal thiols) and dithioerythritol (1,4-dimercapto-2,3-butanediol) for binding of arsenite indicates that the binding affinity is inversely related to the distance between the two thiol groups. On the basis of these findings, a model for the interaction of arsenic with mono- and dithiol-containing molecules is proposed. JF - Chemical Research in Toxicology AU - Delnomdedieu, M AU - Basti, M M AU - Otvos, J D AU - Thomas, D J AD - Cent. Environ. Med., U.S. EPA-HERL MD 74, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 598 EP - 602 VL - 6 IS - 5 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - arsenate KW - arsenite KW - succimer KW - glutathione KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - interaction KW - X 24163:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16794066?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Research+in+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Transfer+of+arsenite+from+glutathione+to+dithiols%3A+A+model+of+interaction&rft.au=Delnomdedieu%2C+M%3BBasti%2C+M+M%3BOtvos%2C+J+D%3BThomas%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Delnomdedieu&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=598&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Research+in+Toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mid-frequency hearing loss in rats following inhalation exposure to trichloroethylene: Evidence from reflex modification audiometry AN - 16792877; 3750240 AB - The present experiments were undertaken to characterize the hearing loss associated with 1,1,2-trichloroethylene (TCE) exposure. Adult male Long-Evans (LE) rats were exposed to TCE via inhalation (whole body) for 6 h/day for 5 days. The concentration-effect function (0-4000 ppm) was determined 3 weeks post-exposure. Animals were tested for auditory thresholds to 4, 8, 16, 24, 32, and 40-kHz tones using reflex modification audiometry. In a separate experiment, the time course of effects was determined by monitoring 16-kHz thresholds prior to, 1 h following each of the 5 exposure days, and 5 days, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks post-exposure. At 14 weeks, these same animals were tested for thresholds to 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 32, and 40-kHz tones. Results indicate elevated thresholds (hearing loss) for the 4000 ppm group at 8 and 16 kHz of approximately 18 and 30 dB, respectively. Time-course data demonstrated a rapid onset, a 20-dB loss at 16 kHz after the fifth exposure day, and a 40-dB loss by 2 weeks that persisted up to 14 weeks post-exposure. The data demonstrate an atypical and persistent, mid-frequency hearing loss in rats following inhalation exposure to TCE. JF - Neurotoxicology and Teratology AU - Crofton, K M AU - Zhao, X AD - Neurotoxicol. Div., Health Effects Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 413 EP - 423 VL - 15 IS - 6 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - trichloroethylene KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - solvents KW - ear KW - ototoxicity KW - neurotoxicity KW - hearing loss KW - X 24151:Acute exposure KW - N3 11016:Auditory and vestibular systems (including echolocation) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16792877?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.atitle=Mid-frequency+hearing+loss+in+rats+following+inhalation+exposure+to+trichloroethylene%3A+Evidence+from+reflex+modification+audiometry&rft.au=Crofton%2C+K+M%3BZhao%2C+X&rft.aulast=Crofton&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=413&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - neurotoxicity; hearing loss; ototoxicity; solvents; ear ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of lead exposure on learning in a multiple repeated acquisition and performance schedule AN - 16783564; 3541862 AB - Rats were chronically exposed to 0, 50, or 250 ppm Pb acetate in drinking water from weaning and trained on a multiple repeated acquisition (RA) and performance (P) schedule beginning at 55 days of age. Significant decrements in accuracy on the RA component but not on the P component were found in Pb-exposed groups compared to control, effects that could not be attributed to differential rates of responding. Analyses of error patterns revealed that the effects of Pb exposure on RA accuracy levels derived from two sources. The first consisted of a perseveration of P-like sequence responding (LCR) even during the RA component. Secondly, Pb exposure increased perseverative responding on a single lever, even though the schedule itself never directly reinforced such repetitive responding. The increase in frequency of these two types of perseverative behavior was incompatible with acquisition of non P-like sequences during the RA component. Adding a 5 sec tone to the light stimuli signalling the transition between RA and P components of the multiple schedule failed to attenuate these effects of Pb, suggesting that deficits in stimulus control were not the sole behavioral mechanism of these impairments. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Cohn, J AU - Cox, C AU - Cory-Slechta, DA AD - U.S. EPA, Health Effects Res. Lab., Neurotoxicol. Div., MD-74B, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 329 EP - 346 VL - 14 IS - 2-3 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - lead KW - effects on KW - learning KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - cognitive ability KW - behavior KW - neurotoxicity KW - learning behavior KW - X 24162:Chronic exposure KW - N3 11139:Toxicological and psychoactive drug correlates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16783564?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+lead+exposure+on+learning+in+a+multiple+repeated+acquisition+and+performance+schedule&rft.au=Cohn%2C+J%3BCox%2C+C%3BCory-Slechta%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Cohn&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=329&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - neurotoxicity; cognitive ability; behavior; learning behavior ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of 2,4-dinitrophenol on the metabolic rate of bobwhite quail AN - 16781543; 3541647 AB - Bobwhite quail were exposed to 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) in a respirometer designed to continuously monitor exchange of O sub(2) and CO sub(2), from which metabolic rates (MR) were estimated. After 14-16 days of acclimation to the system (temperature 22 degree C, light cycle 8L:14D), hens received feed amended with 0, 625, or 1250 ppm DNP ad libitum for 8 days, followed by 2-5 days of feed containing no DNP. The 625 ppm treatment produced dark-period MR 31-41% higher than corresponding control values, and light-period MR 23-32% higher than controls. The 1250 ppm treatment produced dark-period MR 48-77% higher than control values, and light-period MR 41-67% higher than controls. Over the 8 days of testing, the 625 ppm treatment hens expended 32% more energy than the control hens. Hens consuming 1250 ppm feed expended 60% more energy than control hens and lost most of their body. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Dominguez, SE AU - Menkel, J L AU - Fairbrother, A AU - Williams, BA AU - Tanner, R W AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 226 EP - 233 VL - 123 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - 2,4-dinitrophenol KW - effects on KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Aves KW - metabolic rate KW - X 24153:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16781543?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+2%2C4-dinitrophenol+on+the+metabolic+rate+of+bobwhite+quail&rft.au=Dominguez%2C+SE%3BMenkel%2C+J+L%3BFairbrother%2C+A%3BWilliams%2C+BA%3BTanner%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Dominguez&rft.aufirst=SE&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=226&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aves; metabolic rate ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing sublethal levels of sediment contamination using the estuarine amphipod Leptocheirus plumulosus AN - 16781215; 3536869 AB - Recent emphasis on the incorporation of sublethal end points into sediment toxicity test methods follows the realization that acute lethality tests may not provide sufficient sensitivity for predicting subtle ecological effects of sediment contamination. To this end, a partial life-cycle test with the amphipod Leptocheirus plumulosus Shoemaker was evaluated for solid-phase testing of contaminated estuarine sediments. Initially, juvenile and adult L. plumulosus and the amphipod Hyalella azteca were exposed to gradients of chemical contamination prepared by diluting field-collected contaminated sediment with texturally similar reference sediment. Ten-day exposure results indicate juvenile L. plumulosus is more sensitive than adult L. plumulosus and H. azteca, with significant mortality of juvenile L. plumulosus occurring in sediment diluted to 12.5% of the adult lowest-observed-effect concentration (LOEC). Long-term exposure (30 d) of juveniles to dilutions of the acute juvenile LOEC shows significant effects on growth in sediment concentrations below the lethal threshold. Effects on reproductive end points (proportion of gravid females, number of young) parallel growth effects. Evaluation of nontoxicant experimental variables indicates significant effects of temperature and feeding regime on sensitivity of juvenile L. plumulosus to contaminated sediment. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - McGee, B L AU - Schlekat, CE AU - Reinharz, E AD - U.S. EPA, (WH-556F), Off. Water, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 577 EP - 587 VL - 12 IS - 3 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - contamination KW - morphology KW - mortality causes KW - sublethal effects KW - toxicity testing KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - sediment pollution KW - reproduction KW - estuaries KW - toxicity KW - sediments KW - pollution effects KW - chemical pollution KW - Brackish KW - ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay KW - Hyalella azteca KW - Leptocheirus plumulosus KW - sexual reproduction KW - growth KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16781215?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Assessing+sublethal+levels+of+sediment+contamination+using+the+estuarine+amphipod+Leptocheirus+plumulosus&rft.au=McGee%2C+B+L%3BSchlekat%2C+CE%3BReinharz%2C+E&rft.aulast=McGee&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=577&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - estuaries; chemical pollution; toxicity; sexual reproduction; sediments; sublethal effects; sediment pollution; mortality causes; pollution effects; reproduction; growth; morphology; toxicity testing; contamination; Hyalella azteca; Leptocheirus plumulosus; ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative structure-toxicity relationships for a series of primary alcohols in a mammalian viral host cell reactivation assay AN - 16781200; 3541617 AB - In the present study, structure-toxicity relationships for 16 aliphatic alcohols were investigated for two endpoints indicative of cell damage. Cytotoxicity and inhibition of DNA repair, as reflected by the capacity of cells to support virus growth and to perform host cell reactivation (HCR), respectively, were measured using a monkey kidney fibroblast-herpes simplex virus (HSV) system. Toxic potencies were determined by adding each alcohol to cell monolayers infected with intact HSV or ultraviolet (UV)-damaged HSV (UV)-damaged HSV (UV-HSV), respectively, and measuring reduction in viral plaque formation. Log-log plots of 1/[alcohol concentrations yielding 20% reduction in HSV plaque formation or 50% inhibition of UV-HSV survival] vs. log(octanol/water partition coefficients) yielded highly significant correlations in each case. JF - In Vitro Toxicology AU - Benane, S G AU - Richard, A M AU - Blackman, C F AU - Lytle, C D AD - Health Eff. Res. Lab., MD-68, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 267 EP - 277 VL - 6 IS - 4 SN - 0888-319X, 0888-319X KW - alcohols KW - structure-function relationship KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity KW - in vitro KW - DNA repair KW - X 24151:Acute exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16781200?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=In+Vitro+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Quantitative+structure-toxicity+relationships+for+a+series+of+primary+alcohols+in+a+mammalian+viral+host+cell+reactivation+assay&rft.au=Benane%2C+S+G%3BRichard%2C+A+M%3BBlackman%2C+C+F%3BLytle%2C+C+D&rft.aulast=Benane&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=In+Vitro+Toxicology&rft.issn=0888319X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxicity; in vitro; DNA repair ER - TY - CONF T1 - Genetic anomalies in mammalian germ cells and their significance for human reproductive and developmental risk AN - 16779042; 3540676 AB - The induction of heritable mutations in germ cells represents a potential health concern. This paper highlights data from mouse germ-cell mutagenesis studies that have implications in the assessment of reproductive and developmental risks. The paper discusses the developmental and reproductive consequences of induced chromosomal damage (structural rearrangements and numerical anomalies) and describes environmental agents that have been shown to produce such anomalies. Additionally, factors that influence the yield of genetic damage are addressed. Studies showing that the various germ-cell stages vary in their susceptibility to the induction of genetic damage are summarized. Of the chemicals evaluated in the male mouse, most appear to have their predominant or strongest effect on post-stem-cell stages. The differences between males and females in the susceptibility to mutagens is examined. Recent studies have shown that the female may be uniquely sensitive to certain mutagens. Finally, an important aspect of mutagenic risk is not only effects induced in developing germ cells but also the effects of environmental agents during the period from fertilization through the zygote and the two-cell embryo. Recent work in the mouse has demonstrated that exposure during these early developmental stages leads to high frequencies of external and visceral fetal malformations, as well as mid-to-late gestational death. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Dellarco, V L Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 5 EP - 11 VL - 101 IS - 2 KW - environmental health KW - environmental hygiene KW - Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - reproduction KW - mutagenicity KW - genotoxicity KW - chromosome aberrations KW - prenatal experience KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - G 07220:General theory/testing systems KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - H SM5.1:BASIC APPROACHES, CONCEPTS, AND THEORY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16779042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Genetic+anomalies+in+mammalian+germ+cells+and+their+significance+for+human+reproductive+and+developmental+risk&rft.au=Dellarco%2C+V+L&rft.aulast=Dellarco&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Approaches to evaluating reproductive hazards and risks AN - 16775973; 3540674 AB - Development of approaches to risk assessment for reproductive toxicity has aided in the critical evaluation of the scientific basis for interpretation of data and the description of assumptions underlying the process. In addition, it has helped to standardize, to the extent possible, the use of qualitative and quantitative data in the hazard identification and dose-response processes and to identify research needed to fill gaps in the available database. The standard study protocols for evaluating reproductive and developmental hazards include developmental toxicity studies and both short-term and longer-term reproductive studies. These study protocols have been in use for several decades, but development of risk assessment approaches has prompted the recommendation of additional end point measures to these protocols. These include evaluation of specific neurologic and behavioral function of offspring following prenatal and postnatal exposure, evaluation of sperm production and quality, reproductive organ weights, and more in-depth testicular histopathology in males, as well as measures of age at vaginal opening, vaginal cytology, oocyte toxicity, time to mating, gestation length, and reproductive organ weights in females. Current approaches to risk assessment in reproductive toxicity involve the determination of a no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) and the application of uncertainty factors (UFs) to account for differences between the experimental animal species and humans, variability in sensitivity within the human population, and other factors as necessary to derive the reference dose (RfD), or a specified RfD for developmental toxicity to account for the short period of exposure required. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Kimmel, CA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 137 EP - 143 VL - 101 IS - 2 KW - dose response effects KW - environmental hygiene KW - environmental health KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - reproduction KW - hazards KW - physiology KW - toxicology KW - risk assessment KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - H SM6.1:BASIC APPROACHES, CONCEPTS, AND THEORY KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16775973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Approaches+to+evaluating+reproductive+hazards+and+risks&rft.au=Kimmel%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Kimmel&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An air quality data analysis system for interrelating effects, standards, and needed source reductions: Part 12. Effects on man, animals, and plants as a function of air pollutant impact AN - 16775818; 3535781 AB - The impact-effect mathematical model, developed in 1991, improves on a previous mathematical model, and was developed to predict biological response as a function of air pollutant impact. Impact is defined here as exposure duration multiplied by air pollutant concentration raised to an exponent (t x c super(d)). This paper's purpose is to plot and regress example biological effects as a function of air pollutant impact to determine how well the plotted data fit the impact-effect model for three target populations: man, animals, and plants (a wide range of life forms). The three biological effects are: for man, lung function decrease after exposure to ozone (O sub(3)); for animals, mouse mortality after exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO sub(2)); and for plants, leaf injury after exposure to O sub(3). The three resultant regression equations account for a substantial amount of the data variance: 95 percent for lung function, 92 percent for leaf injury, and 73 percent for mouse mortality. The model fits the animal and plant data that cover both acute and chronic exposures. The animal exposures ranged from 6 min to 1 yr. The plant exposures ranged from 0.75 to 552 h. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Larsen, R I AU - McDonnell, W F AU - Coffin, D L AU - Heck, W W AD - U.S. EPA., Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 1585 EP - 1592 VL - 43 IS - 12 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - humans KW - ozone KW - nitrogen dioxide KW - biology KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - plants KW - air pollution KW - pollution effects KW - animals KW - mathematical models KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16775818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=An+air+quality+data+analysis+system+for+interrelating+effects%2C+standards%2C+and+needed+source+reductions%3A+Part+12.+Effects+on+man%2C+animals%2C+and+plants+as+a+function+of+air+pollutant+impact&rft.au=Larsen%2C+R+I%3BMcDonnell%2C+W+F%3BCoffin%2C+D+L%3BHeck%2C+W+W&rft.aulast=Larsen&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1585&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution; pollution effects; humans; animals; plants; mathematical models; ozone; nitrogen dioxide; biology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Non-point source programs and progress in the Chesapeake Bay AN - 16775711; 3534056 AB - Early research studies resulted in the first Chesapeake Bay Agreement, signed in 1983 by the States of Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, the District of Columbia and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). These early studies confirmed that a significant source of nutrients delivered to the bay are from non-point sources (NPS). Early bay program strategies at both the State and Federal level increased point source controls and created a new level of non-point source programming and funding for NPS programs which are detailed in the paper. In 1987 a second Chesapeake Bay Agreement was signed by the agreement States, DC and the EPA. This agreement established several goals for the restoration of the bay, including a nutrient reduction goal of a 40% reduction of the controllable nitrogen and phosphorus entering the mainstem of the Chesapeake Bay. The re-evaluation of the nutrient reduction strategy and the modeling to support it are discussed along with the NPS abatement and control progress made through 1990. Also presented are challenges for the NPS programs to address the findings that are coming from the re-evaluation process along with recommendations for change that were contained in a 1990 report on the effectiveness of the NPS programs in the bay. JF - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment AU - Shuyler, L R AD - Chesapeake Bay Program Off., U.S. EPA, 140 Severn Ave., Annapolis, MD 21403, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 217 EP - 222 VL - 46 IS - 1-4 SN - 0167-8809, 0167-8809 KW - USA, Chesapeake Bay KW - agricultural pollution KW - drainage basins KW - government policy KW - habitat improvement (biological) KW - nonpoint pollution KW - nonpoint sources KW - nutrient concentrations KW - nutrients KW - nutrients (mineral) KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - phosphorus cycle KW - watersheds KW - Freshwater KW - nutrient cycles KW - USA, Chesapeake Basin KW - pollution control KW - Marine KW - Brackish KW - ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay KW - nitrogen cycle KW - D 04801:Pollution monitoring and detection KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16775711?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agriculture%2C+Ecosystems+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=Non-point+source+programs+and+progress+in+the+Chesapeake+Bay&rft.au=Shuyler%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Shuyler&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agriculture%2C+Ecosystems+%26+Environment&rft.issn=01678809&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agricultural pollution; nitrogen cycle; phosphorus cycle; habitat improvement (biological); watersheds; nutrients (mineral); nutrient cycles; pollution control; nutrients; government policy; nutrient concentrations; nonpoint sources; nonpoint pollution; USA, Chesapeake Basin; ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effectiveness of supplemental aeration and an enlarged first-stage in improving RBC performance AN - 16772506; 3535639 AB - A full-scale RBC plant having two parallel trains and treating combined municipal and industrial dairy waste was used to investigate the effectiveness of supplemental aeration and an enlarged first-stage in improving RBC performance. Enlarged first-stage was created by removing the baffles between the first two stages. One RBC train was used as a control and other train was used to evaluate the combined effectiveness of supplemental aeration and an enlarged first-stage. Composite wastewater samples were collected from influent and effluent of each RBC stage in both trains. Samples were analyzed for soluble COD and BOD sub(5), ammonia nitrogen, and suspended solids. Wastewater temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen levels were measured in each stage. The study results indicate that it is possible to achieve higher organic loading rates and removal rates when RBC units are provided with supplemental aeration and enlarged first-stage. JF - Environmental Progress AU - Surampalli, R Y AU - Baumann, E R AD - U.S. EPA, Kansas City, KS 66101, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 24 EP - 29 VL - 12 IS - 1 SN - 0278-4491, 0278-4491 KW - dairy industry KW - urban environments KW - wastes KW - methodology KW - rotating biological contactors KW - Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - biodegradation KW - wastewater treatment KW - dairies KW - aeration KW - design KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - A 01105:Non-patents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16772506?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Progress&rft.atitle=Effectiveness+of+supplemental+aeration+and+an+enlarged+first-stage+in+improving+RBC+performance&rft.au=Surampalli%2C+R+Y%3BBaumann%2C+E+R&rft.aulast=Surampalli&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Progress&rft.issn=02784491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biodegradation; aeration; design; rotating biological contactors; wastewater treatment; dairies; dairy industry; urban environments; wastes; methodology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulatory approaches to reduce human health risks associated with exposures to mineral fibers AN - 16772064; 3535344 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy AU - Vu, V T AD - Off. Pollut. and Prev. and Toxics, U.S. EPA, 401 M St., SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 523 EP - 544 VL - 28 SN - 0275-0279, 0275-0279 KW - mineral fibers KW - exposure KW - protection KW - man KW - environmental health KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - fibers KW - USA KW - safety regulations KW - minerals KW - public health KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - H SM3.5:STANDARDS, LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND POLICY KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16772064?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy&rft.atitle=Regulatory+approaches+to+reduce+human+health+risks+associated+with+exposures+to+mineral+fibers&rft.au=Vu%2C+V+T&rft.aulast=Vu&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=&rft.spage=523&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy&rft.issn=02750279&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; safety regulations; minerals; environmental health; public health; fibers; exposure; protection; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chronic toxicity of Pydraul 50E to lake trout AN - 16761490; 3529301 AB - The purpose of our study was to determine the chronic toxicity of Pydraul 50E, an alkyl-aryl phosphate ester hydraulic fluid, to lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush). The lake trout is an important upper trophic level species inhabiting the Great Lakes where Pydraul fluids have been widely used in the past. JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Mayer, F L AU - Woodward, D F AU - Adams, W J AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Sabine Island, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 289 EP - 295 VL - 51 IS - 2 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - chronic toxicity KW - hydraulic fluids KW - phosphate esters KW - pydraul 50E KW - sublethal effects KW - toxicity tests KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - esters KW - Freshwater KW - industrial wastes KW - toxicity KW - North America, Great Lakes KW - Salvelinus namaycush KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16761490?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Chronic+toxicity+of+Pydraul+50E+to+lake+trout&rft.au=Mayer%2C+F+L%3BWoodward%2C+D+F%3BAdams%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Mayer&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=289&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - industrial wastes; esters; toxicity; toxicity tests; sublethal effects; chronic toxicity; Salvelinus namaycush; North America, Great Lakes; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Serum chemistry and histopathological evaluations of brown bullheads (Ameiurus nebulosus) from the Buffalo and Niagara Rivers, New York AN - 16761426; 3529268 AB - Cholangiomas and cholangiocarcinomas were observed in brown bullheads (Ameiurus nebulosus) collected from the Buffalo and Niagara Rivers (NY) and Old Woman Creek (OH), USA. Significant increases in serum blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, triglycerides, inorganic phosphate, ALT, LDL, calcium, and iron and a significant decrease in cholesterol were found in the fish from the Buffalo and Niagara Rivers compared to the Old Woman Creek reference area. When relationships between the pathology and serum chemistry measurements were tested by correlation and discriminant function analysis, no predictive relationships were apparent. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Folmar, L C AU - Gardner, G R AU - Hickey, J AU - Bonomelli, S AU - Moody, T AD - U.S. EPA, 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 298 EP - 303 VL - 25 IS - 3 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - chemical pollutants KW - serological studies KW - serum chemistry KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - histopathology KW - Freshwater KW - USA, New York KW - carcinogens KW - industrial wastes KW - Ameiurus nebulosus KW - USA, New York, Buffalo R. KW - USA, New York, Niagara R. KW - pollution effects KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16761426?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Serum+chemistry+and+histopathological+evaluations+of+brown+bullheads+%28Ameiurus+nebulosus%29+from+the+Buffalo+and+Niagara+Rivers%2C+New+York&rft.au=Folmar%2C+L+C%3BGardner%2C+G+R%3BHickey%2C+J%3BBonomelli%2C+S%3BMoody%2C+T&rft.aulast=Folmar&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=298&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - industrial wastes; carcinogens; chemical pollutants; histopathology; pollution effects; serological studies; Ameiurus nebulosus; USA, New York, Niagara R.; USA, New York, Buffalo R.; USA, New York; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pollution prevention takes center stage AN - 16758903; 3527406 AB - The Pollution Prevention Act established a new national policy for environmental protection: "that pollution should be prevented or reduced at the source whenever feasible..." This deceptively simple statement heralds a profound change in how EPA meets its obligations to protect human health and the environment. In the past, we emphasized "end of pipe" treatment of waste after it was produced. Today, we must move upstream in the manufacturing process to prevent the waste from being generated in the first place. Reducing waste at the source not only minimizes the cost of treatment and the transfer of pollution, it can actually strengthen our economic competitiveness through more efficient use of raw materials. JF - EPA Journal AU - Browner, C M AD - EPA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 6 EP - 8 VL - 19 IS - 3 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - pollution prevention KW - environmental protection KW - EPA KW - waste management KW - federal policies KW - economics KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16758903?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Pollution+prevention+takes+center+stage&rft.au=Browner%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Browner&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=6&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pollution prevention; waste management; economics; federal policies; EPA; environmental protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - HYDRO: Simulation of hydrodynamics and water pollution AN - 16748034; 3523014 AB - A user-friendly package for simulations of wind-induced currents and dispersion of non-conservative pollutants in aquatic media is discussed. The hydrodynamics are modelled by a stationary shallow-water approximation of the Eckman type. The generated patterns of currents are fed into the 2-D advection-diffusion model to calculate the concentration fields of a pollutant coming with inflows or injected directly into the water body. The package runs on IBM compatible PCs with a mathcoprocessor being very desirable. The package is simple to learn. It may be useful for preliminary qualitative analysis of water pollution, as well as for education and demonstration purposes. JF - Environmental Software AU - Voinov, A A AU - Zharova, NA AD - EPA ERL-C, 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 209 EP - 218 VL - 8 IS - 4 SN - 0266-9838, 0266-9838 KW - HYDRO KW - aquatic environments KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - diffusion KW - education KW - simulation KW - computer programs KW - hydrodynamics KW - pollution dispersion KW - water pollution KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16748034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Software&rft.atitle=HYDRO%3A+Simulation+of+hydrodynamics+and+water+pollution&rft.au=Voinov%2C+A+A%3BZharova%2C+NA&rft.aulast=Voinov&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Software&rft.issn=02669838&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water pollution; hydrodynamics; simulation; computer programs; pollution dispersion; education; diffusion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genotoxic activity detected in soils from a hazardous waste site by the Ames test and an SOS colorimetric test AN - 16743501; 3520404 AB - Ten soil samples from a hazardous waste site were compared for their genotoxic activity by the Ames test (Salmonella reverse mutation assay) and a modified SOS colorimetric test. Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons known to produce frameshift mutations were found in high levels in the soils. Salmonella typhimurium TA98, sensitive to frameshift mutations, was selected as the Ames tester strain. Escherichia coli K12 PQ37 (sulA::lacZ) was the SOS tester strain. Organic extracts were prepared from the soil samples by Soxhlet extraction. One set of the soil samples was extracted with methylene chloride and a second set with cyclohexane. Two criteria from reproducible dose-related increases in response to the soil were used to compare the positive responses: 1) the concentrations required for doubling responses and 2) a minimum concentration required to produce statistically significant increases from background controls. Analysis of variance indicated that with S9 mix, Ames and SOS results were similar for the same soils and solvent extractions. However, without S9 mix, the SOS test was significantly more sensitive than the Ames test to the genotoxins extracted from the soils. JF - Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis AU - McDaniels, A E AU - Reyes, AL AU - Wymer, L J AU - Rankin, C C AU - Stelma, GN Jr AD - U.S. EPA, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268-1314, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 115 EP - 122 VL - 22 IS - 2 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - hazardous waste sites KW - Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - waste disposal sites KW - DNA repair KW - Ames test KW - genotoxicity testing KW - soil KW - G 07220:General theory/testing systems KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16743501?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Genotoxic+activity+detected+in+soils+from+a+hazardous+waste+site+by+the+Ames+test+and+an+SOS+colorimetric+test&rft.au=McDaniels%2C+A+E%3BReyes%2C+AL%3BWymer%2C+L+J%3BRankin%2C+C+C%3BStelma%2C+GN+Jr&rft.aulast=McDaniels&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - soil; genotoxicity testing; Ames test; DNA repair; toxicity testing; waste disposal sites ER - TY - CONF T1 - Screening procedures for eye irritation AN - 16741710; 3512080 AB - Screens aid in identifying some severe irritants or corrosives and eliminating them from consideration for in vivo eye irritation testing. Products may be evaluated for ocular irritation potential in a stepwise progression as follows: (1) products at pH extremes of 2 or below or of 11.5 or above may be considered to be ocular irritants; (2) based on chemical structure-activity considerations, some products may be judged to have ocular irritation potential; (3) validated and accepted in vitro systems may possibly be used as a screen in the future; (4) when a test material demonstrates severe acute dermal toxicity (lethality at less than or equal to 200 mg/kg body weight), further testing for either dermal or ocular irritation may not need to be undertaken; (5) if a substance shows a primary dermal irritation index of 5 or above, it may be considered to be an ocular irritant; (6) materials that are not removed from consideration based on these proposed screens may then be considered for testing for ocular irritation in rabbits under accepted procedures. In a survey given to participants in the workshop, a high percentage believed that screens should be used. However, opinions on the use of the individual screens varied between the different interested groups attending, with the possible future use of in vitro screens for specific product lines having the highest percentage of agreement (57-100%). JF - Food and Chemical Toxicology AU - Hurley, P M AU - Chambers, WA AU - Green, S AU - Gupta, K C AU - Hill, R N AU - Lambert, LA AU - Lee, C C AU - Lee, J K AU - Liu, P T Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 87 EP - 94 VL - 31 IS - 2 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - screening KW - irritation KW - eye KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16741710?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Screening+procedures+for+eye+irritation&rft.au=Hurley%2C+P+M%3BChambers%2C+WA%3BGreen%2C+S%3BGupta%2C+K+C%3BHill%2C+R+N%3BLambert%2C+LA%3BLee%2C+C+C%3BLee%2C+J+K%3BLiu%2C+P+T&rft.aulast=Hurley&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mouse skin tumor-initiating activity of benz[j]aceanthrylene in SENCAR mice AN - 16738232; 3521367 AB - Benz[j]aceanthrylene (B[j]A), a cyclopenta-fused derivative of benz[a]anthracene, has been reported to be an active bacterial cell and mammalian cell gene mutagen, a morphological transforming agent in C3H10T1/2CL8 mouse embryo fibroblasts and a mouse lung tumorigen in strain A/J mice. B[j]A was evaluated as a skin tumor initiator in female SENCAR mice and was found to induce papilloma formation in the range of 40-400 mu g/mouse. B[j]A was found to be extremely active, inducing 8.7 papillomas/mouse after an initiating dose of 40 mu g/mouse. B[j]A was found to be extremely active, inducing 8.7 papillomas/mouse after an initiating dose of 40 mu g/mouse. At this dose, 100% of the mice bore tumors. Comparison with four other cyclopenta-fused polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons suggests that B[j]A is extremely potent. JF - Cancer Letters AU - Nesnow, S AU - Gold, A AU - Sangaiah, R AU - Slaga, T J AD - Carcinogenesis Metab. Branch, Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 73 EP - 76 VL - 73 IS - 2-3 SN - 0304-3835, 0304-3835 KW - benz(j)aceanthrylene KW - mice KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - initiation KW - tumors KW - skin KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16738232?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+Letters&rft.atitle=Mouse+skin+tumor-initiating+activity+of+benz%5Bj%5Daceanthrylene+in+SENCAR+mice&rft.au=Nesnow%2C+S%3BGold%2C+A%3BSangaiah%2C+R%3BSlaga%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Nesnow&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+Letters&rft.issn=03043835&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - tumors; initiation; skin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Discrete volume-element method for network water-quality models AN - 16732269; 3514537 AB - An explicit dynamic water-quality modeling algorithm is developed for tracking dissolved substances in water-distribution networks. The algorithm is based on a mass-balance relation within pipes that considers both advective transport and reaction kinetics. Complete mixing of material is assumed at pipe junctions and storage tanks. The algorithm automatically selects a pipe-segmentation scheme and computational time step that satisfies conservation of mass and seeks to minimize numerical dispersion. In contrast to previous water-quality models, there is no need to first find unique flow paths through the network. The resulting method is both robust and efficient, and can be readily applied to all types of network configurations and dynamic hydraulic conditions. The applicability of the method is demonstrated using an example pipe-distribution network. Enhancement of distribution-system water-quality management is a principal benefit of the methodology. JF - Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management AU - Rossman, LA AU - Boulos, P F AU - Altman, T AD - Eng. and Cost Section, Drinking Water Res. Div., US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 505 EP - 517 VL - 119 IS - 5 SN - 0733-9496, 0733-9496 KW - water supply systems KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality KW - water supply KW - model studies KW - water distribution KW - tracers KW - pipes KW - drinking water KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16732269?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.atitle=Discrete+volume-element+method+for+network+water-quality+models&rft.au=Rossman%2C+LA%3BBoulos%2C+P+F%3BAltman%2C+T&rft.aulast=Rossman&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=505&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.issn=07339496&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water quality; model studies; tracers; water distribution; water supply; pipes; drinking water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of nonmethane organic compound concentration data collected by two methods in Atlanta AN - 16730507; 3512628 AB - Title I of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 calls for "enhanced monitoring" of ozone, which is planned to include measurements of atmospheric non-methane organic compounds (NMOCs). NMOC concentration data gathered by two methods in Atlanta, Georgia during July and August 1990 are compared in order to assess the reliability of such measurements in an operational setting. During that period, automated gas chromatography (GC) systems (Field systems) were used to collect NMOC continuously as one-hour averages. In addition, canister samples of ambient air were collected on an intermittent schedule for quality control purposes and analyzed by laboratory GC (the Lab system). Data from the six-site network included concentrations of nitrogen oxides (NO sub(x)), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone, total NMOC (TNMOC), and 47 identified NMOCs. Regression analysis indicates that the average TNMOC concentration from the Lab system is about 50 percent higher than that from the Field system, and that the bulk of the differences is due to unidentified NMOCs recorded by the Lab system. Also, there are substantial uncertainites in predicting a single Field TNMOC concentration from a measured Lab concentration. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Shreffler, J H AD - U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 1576 EP - 1584 VL - 43 IS - 12 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - data collection KW - air pollution KW - gas chromatography KW - carbon monoxide KW - organic compounds KW - ozone KW - nitrogen oxides KW - USA, Georgia, Atlanta KW - sampling methods KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16730507?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+nonmethane+organic+compound+concentration+data+collected+by+two+methods+in+Atlanta&rft.au=Shreffler%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Shreffler&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1576&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Georgia, Atlanta; air pollution; ozone; organic compounds; nitrogen oxides; carbon monoxide; data collection; sampling methods; gas chromatography ER - TY - CONF T1 - Introduction. [Eye irritation testing] AN - 16729244; 3512078 AB - Multiple procedures for the conduct and evaluation of eye irritation testing are currently used in the USA and worldwide. An international workshop on the eye irritation test in rabbits was held to identify different testing and evaluation practices, develop proposals for change that minimize differences in these methods and determine areas of consensus in the scientific community. These efforts are intended to culminate in the development of a more uniform US position and serve as a point of discussion for international harmonization. The following seven papers delineate the proposals that were presented at the workshop. A summary of the presentations and discussion as well as future directions is also presented. JF - Food and Chemical Toxicology AU - Hill, R N AU - Chambers, WA AU - Green, S AU - Gupta, K C AU - Hurley, P M AU - Lambert, LA AU - Lee, C C AU - Lee, J K AU - Liu, P T Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 79 VL - 31 IS - 2 KW - rabbits KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - irritation KW - conferences KW - methodology KW - evaluation KW - eye KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16729244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Introduction.+%5BEye+irritation+testing%5D&rft.au=Hill%2C+R+N%3BChambers%2C+WA%3BGreen%2C+S%3BGupta%2C+K+C%3BHurley%2C+P+M%3BLambert%2C+LA%3BLee%2C+C+C%3BLee%2C+J+K%3BLiu%2C+P+T&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Use of ophthalmic topical anaesthetics AN - 16728956; 3512081 AB - Pretreatment of the eyes of rabbits with a topical anaesthetic can be viewed as a refinement of the test for eye irritation. It reduces pain at the time of test-material administration, decreases animal distress and permits easier application of the test agent to the eye. In some cases, however, use of an anaesthetic either alone or in combination with the test substance may alter ocular responses or provide little benefit. Although anaesthetic pretreatment may result in decreased pain at the time of test-compound administration, it does not affect possible pain after the effects of the anaesthetic have dissipated. Some anaesthetics are themselves irritating to eyes. In addition, anaesthetics reduce blinking and tearing, thereby maintaining the test-material concentration at the surface of the eye longer. Corneal permeability may also be increased with pretreatment use of an anaesthetic, and may bring the test agent into contact with more structures of the eye. Some anaesthetics delay healing after ocular injury. All of these varied effects may result in increased irritation to the eye. Overall, pretreatment with anaesthetics has usually resulted in a tendency for slightly higher irritation scores; eye irritancy classification is usually unaffected. JF - Food and Chemical Toxicology AU - Seabaugh, V M AU - Chambers, WA AU - Green, S AU - Gupta, K C AU - Hill, R N AU - Hurley, P M AU - Lambert, LA AU - Lee, C C AU - Lee, J K Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 95 EP - 98 VL - 31 IS - 2 KW - rabbits KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - irritation KW - anesthetics KW - eye KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16728956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Use+of+ophthalmic+topical+anaesthetics&rft.au=Seabaugh%2C+V+M%3BChambers%2C+WA%3BGreen%2C+S%3BGupta%2C+K+C%3BHill%2C+R+N%3BHurley%2C+P+M%3BLambert%2C+LA%3BLee%2C+C+C%3BLee%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=Seabaugh&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physiologically-based toxicokinetic modeling of three waterborne chloroethanes in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus AN - 16727229; 3534001 AB - A physiologically-based toxicokinetic model for fish was used to describe the uptake and disposition of three chlorinated ethanes in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Catfish were simultaneously exposed to 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (TCE), pentachloroethane (PCE), and hexachloroethane (HCE) in fish respirometer-metabolism chambers to assess the kinetics of chemical accumulation in arterial blood and chemical extraction efficiency from inspired water. Chemical residues in tissues were measured at the end of each experiment. These data were used to evaluate the accuracy of model simulations and to form a basis for comparison with information collected previously from rainbow trout. TCE was at or near steady-state in catfish after 48 h. For PCE and HCE the time to steady-state appeared to be considerably longer than 48 h. Parameterized with in vitro chemical partitioning information, the model accurately simulated the accumulation of TCE in arterial blood and its uptake from inspired water, but consistently underestimated the uptake and accumulation of both PCE and HCE. The cause of these discrepancies was not conclusively determined; however, several possible sources of error were evaluated, including physiological and chemical partitioning inputs, and underlying modeling assumptions. A comparison of data sets and modeling efforts for rainbow trout and channel catfish suggests that gross similarities between the two species can be attributed to the comparability of relevant physiological and chemical partitioning parameters. JF - Aquatic Toxicology AU - Nichols, J W AU - McKim, J M AU - Lien, G J AU - Hoffman, AD AU - Bertelsen, S L AU - Gallinat, CA AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 83 EP - 112 VL - 27 IS - 1-2 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - chloroethanes KW - fish physiology KW - hexachloroethane KW - modelling KW - pentachloroethane KW - tetrachloroethane KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicity tests KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - blood KW - Freshwater KW - Ictalurus punctatus KW - pollution effects KW - water pollution KW - tissues KW - X 24153:Metabolism KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16727229?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Physiologically-based+toxicokinetic+modeling+of+three+waterborne+chloroethanes+in+channel+catfish%2C+Ictalurus+punctatus&rft.au=Nichols%2C+J+W%3BMcKim%2C+J+M%3BLien%2C+G+J%3BHoffman%2C+AD%3BBertelsen%2C+S+L%3BGallinat%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Nichols&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxicity tests; fish physiology; blood; pollution effects; modelling; water pollution; tissues; toxicity testing; Ictalurus punctatus; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isolation of remaining populations of the native frog, Rana muscosa, by introduced fishes in Sequoia and Kings Canyon national parks, California AN - 16722643; 3517179 AB - Rana muscosa (mountain yellow-legged frog) was eliminated by introduced fishes early in this century in many of the lakes and streams in Sequoia and Kings Canyon national parks, California. In waters not inhabited by fish, however, R. muscosa has disappeared from many sites within the parks during the past 30 years, and it appears to have gone extinct in some drainage systems. Fragmentation of populations may have caused or contributed to these recent extinctions, because R. muscosa populations are significantly more isolated from one another by fish at present than in prestocking conditions. A total of 312 lake-sites in 95 drainage basins were surveyed for amphibians and fish in 1989-1990. For the 109 sites containing R. muscosa, we delineated networks of sites connected to one another via fishless streams, and we compared these present fishless networks ("present networks") to those expected for the same sites assuming that fish had not been introduced to the parks ("former networks"). Most present network consist of only one site (mean = 1.4), whereas the former networks average 5.2 sites. This difference represents approximately a 10-fold difference in connectivity of populations, which is defined as the mean number of potential dispersal links (fishless streams) per network. Connectivity average only 0.43 in present networks, in contrast to 4.15 in former ones. JF - Conservation Biology AU - Bradford, D F AU - Tabatabai, F AU - Graber, D M AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Monit. Syst. Lab., P.O. Box 93478, Las Vegas, NV 89193, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 882 EP - 888 VL - 7 IS - 4 SN - 0888-8892, 0888-8892 KW - biotic factors KW - freshwater fish KW - population decline KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - predation KW - Freshwater KW - introduced species KW - Rana muscosa KW - population structure KW - geographical isolation KW - USA, California KW - Q1 08441:Population structure KW - D 04669:Amphibians UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16722643?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Conservation+Biology&rft.atitle=Isolation+of+remaining+populations+of+the+native+frog%2C+Rana+muscosa%2C+by+introduced+fishes+in+Sequoia+and+Kings+Canyon+national+parks%2C+California&rft.au=Bradford%2C+D+F%3BTabatabai%2C+F%3BGraber%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Bradford&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=882&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Conservation+Biology&rft.issn=08888892&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - population structure; freshwater fish; predation; geographical isolation; introduced species; biotic factors; population decline; Rana muscosa; USA, California; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of pentachlorophenol-contaminated food organisms on toxicity and bioaccumulation in the frog Xenopus laevis . AN - 16719392; 2985170 AB - Sub-adult African clawed frogs (Xenopus laevis ) were fed pentachlorophenol (PCP)-injected mealworms containing 64.8 to 2604 ug of PCP per gram of worm for 27 days. There was no mortality and no significant bioaccumulation of PCP in the frogs. After three weeks, frogs fed 2,604 mu g/g of PCP ceased eating. The no observed adverse effects level (NOAEL) based on significantly reduced food consumption (PCP-injected mealworms) was 638 mu g/g. This corresponded to a NOAEL based on PCP intake of about 8 mu g PCP/ g frog/day. A toxicity threshold model estimated that about 800 mu g/L of waterborne PCP may be a threshold for adverse effects in Xenopus or similar amphibians. Further study is needed to verify threshold estimates. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Schuytema, G S AU - Nebeker, A V AU - Peterson, JA AU - Griffis, W L AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Corvallis, 200 SW 35th Street, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 359 EP - 364 VL - 24 IS - 3 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - contaminants KW - food consumption KW - foods KW - pentachlorophenol KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicity tests KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - diets KW - Freshwater KW - bioaccumulation KW - Xenopus laevis KW - food KW - mortality KW - X 24153:Metabolism KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16719392?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+pentachlorophenol-contaminated+food+organisms+on+toxicity+and+bioaccumulation+in+the+frog+Xenopus+laevis+.&rft.au=Schuytema%2C+G+S%3BNebeker%2C+A+V%3BPeterson%2C+JA%3BGriffis%2C+W+L&rft.aulast=Schuytema&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=359&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - food; food consumption; mortality; diets; toxicity tests; bioaccumulation; toxicity testing; contaminants; Xenopus laevis; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of indoxyl- beta -D-glucuronide as a chromogen in media specific for Escherichia coli AN - 16719031; 3506035 AB - Indoxyl- beta -D-glucuronide (indoxyl) was evaluated as a specific chromogen for detection of Escherichia coli by the membrane filter method. In all, 413 colonies were tested from the indoxyl-supplemented media, yielding 93.3% confirmation, as E. coli. Compared with the indoxyl medium, other media gave either much lower recovery with high verification or equal recovery with poor verification. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Haines, J R AU - Covert, T C AU - Rankin, C C AD - Risk Reduction Eng. Lab., U.S. EPA, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 2758 EP - 2759 VL - 59 IS - 8 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - indoxyl KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - detection KW - Escherichia coli KW - water sampling KW - media (culture) KW - A 01116:Bacteria KW - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16719031?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+indoxyl-+beta+-D-glucuronide+as+a+chromogen+in+media+specific+for+Escherichia+coli&rft.au=Haines%2C+J+R%3BCovert%2C+T+C%3BRankin%2C+C+C&rft.aulast=Haines&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2758&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; detection; media (culture); water sampling ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The pulmonary response of white and black adults to six concentrations of ozone AN - 16703114; 3534418 AB - Many early studies of respiratory responsiveness to ozone (O sub(3)) were done on healthy, young, white males. The purpose of this study was to determine whether gender or race differences in O sub(3) response exist among white and black, males and females, and to develop concentration-response curves for each of the gender-race groups. Three hundred seventy-two subjects (n > 90 in each gender-race group), ages 18 to 35 yr, were exposed once for 2.33 h to 0.0 (purified air), 0.12, 0.18, 0.24, 0.30, or 0.40 ppm O sub(3). Each exposure was preceded by baseline pulmonary function tests and a symptom questionnaire. The first 2 h of exposure included alternating 15-min periods of rest and exercise on a motorized treadmill producing a minute ventilation (V sub(E)) of 25 L/min/m super(2) body surface area (BSA). After exposure, subjects completed a set of pulmonary function tests and a symptom questionnaire. Lung function and symptom responses were expressed as percent change from baseline and analyzed using a nonparametric two factor analysis of variance. Three primary variables were analyzed: FEV sub(1), specific airway resistance (SRaw), and cough. Statistical analysis demonstrated no significant differences in response to O sub(3) among the individual gender-race groups. For the group as a whole, changes in the variables FEV sub(1), SRaw, and cough were first noted at 0.12, 0.18, and 0.18 ppm O sub(3), respectively. JF - American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine AU - Seal, E Jr AU - McDonnell, W F AU - House, DE AU - Salaam, SA AU - Dewitt, P J AU - Butler, SO AU - Green, J AU - Raggio, L AD - U.S. EPA, Med. Res. Build. C, CB No. 7315, Univ. North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7315, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 804 EP - 810 VL - 147 IS - 4 SN - 0003-0805, 0003-0805 KW - ozone KW - air quality KW - dose response effects KW - sex differences KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - gender KW - ethnic groups KW - respiratory system KW - air pollution KW - pollution effects KW - statistical analysis KW - lung KW - dose-response effects KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - H SM10.24:PULMONARY DISEASES UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16703114?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Respiratory+and+Critical+Care+Medicine&rft.atitle=The+pulmonary+response+of+white+and+black+adults+to+six+concentrations+of+ozone&rft.au=Seal%2C+E+Jr%3BMcDonnell%2C+W+F%3BHouse%2C+DE%3BSalaam%2C+SA%3BDewitt%2C+P+J%3BButler%2C+SO%3BGreen%2C+J%3BRaggio%2C+L&rft.aulast=Seal&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=147&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=804&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Respiratory+and+Critical+Care+Medicine&rft.issn=00030805&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ozone; pollution effects; air quality; respiratory system; statistical analysis; lung; gender; ethnic groups; dose-response effects; air pollution; sex differences ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predictors of individual differences in acute response to ozone exposure AN - 16703105; 3534417 AB - The purpose of this study was to identify personal characteristics that predict individual differences in acute FEV sub(1) response to ozone exposure. Response and predictor data were collected on 290 white male volunteers 18 to 32 yr of age who were each exposed to one of six concentrations of ozone between 0.0 and 0.40 part per million. The sample was divided into an exploratory sample of 96 and a confirmatory sample of 194 subjects. Exploratory analysis indicated that ozone, age, and several other variables explained a significant proportion of the variance in response. In the confirmatory sample, only age and ozone concentration predicted FEV sub(1) decrement. For the combined sample ozone explained 31% of the variance, with age accounting for an additional 4%. The model predicted a decreasing response with increasing age for all nonzero ozone concentrations. For exposure to 0.40 ppm, the model predicts decrements in FEV sub(1) of 1.07 and 0.47 L for 18- and 30-yr-old subjects, respectively. We concluded that for white male subjects age was a significant predictor of response, with older subjects being less responsive to ozone. Furthermore, we demonstrated that exploratory analysis without control of type I statistical error rates may result in apparent findings that cannot be replicated. JF - American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine AU - McDonnell, W F AU - Muller, KE AU - Bromberg, P A AU - Shy, C M AD - U.S. EPA, MD-58, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 818 EP - 825 VL - 147 IS - 4 SN - 0003-0805, 0003-0805 KW - ozone KW - dose response effects KW - air quality KW - humans KW - man KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - respiratory system KW - air pollution KW - age KW - pollution effects KW - statistical analysis KW - dose-response effects KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - H SM10.24:PULMONARY DISEASES UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16703105?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Respiratory+and+Critical+Care+Medicine&rft.atitle=Predictors+of+individual+differences+in+acute+response+to+ozone+exposure&rft.au=McDonnell%2C+W+F%3BMuller%2C+KE%3BBromberg%2C+P+A%3BShy%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=McDonnell&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=147&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=818&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Respiratory+and+Critical+Care+Medicine&rft.issn=00030805&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ozone; pollution effects; air quality; statistical analysis; age; humans; respiratory system; dose-response effects; air pollution; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inoculation of Leucaena and Prosopis seedlings with Glomus and Rhizobium species in saline soil: Rhizosphere relations and seedling growth. AN - 16699880; 2976813 AB - Leucaena leucocephala and Prosopis juliflora seedlings were grown in a sandy loam and loamy clay soil amended with three concentrations of NaCl with and without the mycorrhizal fungus Glomus fasciculatum and a Rhizobium isolate. After 16 weeks in glasshouse culture L. leucocephala and P. juliflora plants inoculated with G. fasciculatum and Rhizobium developed abundant vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) and root nodules in the sandy loam soil without NaCl amendments. In contrast, root system colonization by both rhizosphere symbionts was reduced in the loamy clay soil. In the absence of NaCl, plants inoculated with combinations of VAM and rhizobia had significantly greater total dry weight, tissue phosphorus concentration, and leaf area compared to seedlings colonized with individual symbionts in both soils. Although NaCl amendments greater than 40 and 80 mM decreased mycorrhizal colonization, number of chlamydospores, and root system nodulation by rhizobia, dry weight and tissue P concentration of plants colonized with VAM fungi and rhizobia were generally larger than those of seedlings colonized with only rhizobia. These data suggest that dual inoculation with VAM fungi and rhizobia isolates may help Leucaena and Prosopis species mitigate the adverse effects of NaCl on juvenile growth and development. JF - Arid Land Research and Management AU - Dixon, R K AU - Garg, V K AU - Rao, M V AD - Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 133 EP - 144 VL - 7 IS - 2 SN - 0890-3069, 0890-3069 KW - rhizobia KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts KW - Prosopis juliflora KW - Glomus KW - soils (saline) KW - seedlings KW - Leucaena leucocephala KW - vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas KW - Rhizobium KW - growth KW - A 01047:General KW - D 04637:Legumes KW - K 03096:Mycorrhiza UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16699880?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arid+Land+Research+and+Management&rft.atitle=Inoculation+of+Leucaena+and+Prosopis+seedlings+with+Glomus+and+Rhizobium+species+in+saline+soil%3A+Rhizosphere+relations+and+seedling+growth.&rft.au=Dixon%2C+R+K%3BGarg%2C+V+K%3BRao%2C+M+V&rft.aulast=Dixon&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Arid+Land+Research+and+Management&rft.issn=08903069&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2012-02-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Leucaena leucocephala; Prosopis juliflora; Glomus; Rhizobium; seedlings; growth; vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas; soils (saline) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods for the detection of changes in the microbial ecology of soil caused by the introduction of microorganisms AN - 16697823; 3500575 AB - Established methods for measuring a broad spectrum of microbial activities were evaluated for their ability to detect perturbations of indigenous microbial populations and processes in soil by introduced microorganisms. The methods evaluated included: measurement of gross metabolic activity and carbon mineralization by respiration (CO sub(2) evolution); determination of the activity of selected enzymes (arylsulfatases, acid and alkaline phosphatases, dehydrogenases); and evaluation of indicators of the community structure of the indigenous microbiota (e.g., species diversity, nutritional groups, antibiotic-resistance profiles). The examination of these methods, as well as the fate of an introduced, model microorganism [Escherichia coli W3110(R702) and its homologous, plasmidless, parental strain, W3110], was conducted over a 33-day period. Statistically significant differences were detected only in some of the microbial populations examined between soil inoculated with W3110(R702) or W3110, or not inoculated. However, these differences were transient and, therefore, probably not ecologically significant. Established methods for studying microbial populations and processes in soil can be used to detect and measure changes in the microbial ecology of soil that may result from the introduction of allochthonous microorganisms. JF - Microbial Releases AU - Doyle, J D AU - Stotzky, G AD - ManTech Environmental Technology, Inc., U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 200 S.W. 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 63 EP - 72 VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 0940-9653, 0940-9653 KW - introduction KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - population changes KW - soil microorganisms KW - Escherichia coli KW - ecology KW - community structure KW - methodology KW - genetically engineered microorganisms KW - A 01047:General KW - J 02901:Soil and plants KW - D 04600:Soil KW - W2 32450:Soil microorganisms KW - D 04002:Surveying and remote sensing KW - D 04620:Microorganisms KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16697823?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbial+Releases&rft.atitle=Methods+for+the+detection+of+changes+in+the+microbial+ecology+of+soil+caused+by+the+introduction+of+microorganisms&rft.au=Doyle%2C+J+D%3BStotzky%2C+G&rft.aulast=Doyle&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbial+Releases&rft.issn=09409653&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - population changes; soil microorganisms; ecology; community structure; methodology; genetically engineered microorganisms; Escherichia coli ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The lessons of Commencement Bay. A pioneering study in Puget Sound helped advance ecological risk assessment. AN - 16696609; 2973601 AB - The lobes of the glacier that carved Puget Sound thousands of years ago created numerous bays that became natural locations for port cities. Unfortunately, many of these bays then became natural sumps for the accumulation of toxic chemicals that those cities produced. One example is Commencement Bay on the shoreline of Tacoma, Washington. More than 280 point sources, including a pulp mill, petroleum refineries, aluminum processors, sewage treatment plants, and an active ocean port, have polluted Commencement Bay. Many nonpoint sources also drain into it. Concerns about the potential ecological and human health effects of hazardous substances in sediments of the nearshore/tidal flats area of the bay led to its addition, in September 1983, to the National Priorities List (NPL) for cleanup under EPA's Superfund program. JF - EPA Journal AU - Cirone, P AU - Coco, M AD - U.S. EPA, Reg. No. 10 Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 33 EP - 34 VL - 19 IS - 1 KW - INE, USA, Washington, Tacoma, Commencement Bay KW - USA, Washington, Tacoma, Commencement Bay KW - hazard assessment KW - response analysis KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Marine KW - environmental impact KW - Brackish KW - industrial wastes KW - waste disposal KW - pollution control KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - R2 23050:Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16696609?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=The+lessons+of+Commencement+Bay.+A+pioneering+study+in+Puget+Sound+helped+advance+ecological+risk+assessment.&rft.au=Cirone%2C+P%3BCoco%2C+M&rft.aulast=Cirone&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - industrial wastes; response analysis; environmental impact; hazard assessment; waste disposal; pollution control; Marine; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of microbial risk assessment in setting US drinking water standards AN - 16696219; 3505480 AB - This paper outlines US EPA's general strategy for using microbial risk assessment to support the development of US National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWRs). It discusses specifically the use of such risk assessment in the development of upcoming regulations for disinfection of groundwater (Groundwater Disinfection (GWD) Rule) and for control of disinfectants and their chemical byproducts (Disinfectant/Disinfection Byproduct (D/DBP) Rule), and possible amendments to the current Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR). The risk assessment and risk management processes explicitly consider acceptable risk values for water-borne microbial pathogens. These values directly influence the regulatory choice of treatment levels and methods. JF - International Journal of Food Microbiology AU - Macler, BA AU - Regli, S AD - U.S. EPA, Reg. 9, San Francisco, CA, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 245 EP - 256 VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 0168-1605, 0168-1605 KW - EPA KW - National Primary Drinking Water Regulations KW - Surface Water Treatment Rule KW - risk assessment KW - government policy KW - water quality standards KW - groundwater KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - water quality KW - legislation KW - drinking water KW - USA KW - disinfection KW - public health KW - microorganisms KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions KW - A 01111:Personal UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16696219?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Use+of+microbial+risk+assessment+in+setting+US+drinking+water+standards&rft.au=Macler%2C+BA%3BRegli%2C+S&rft.aulast=Macler&rft.aufirst=BA&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.issn=01681605&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - drinking water; microorganisms; public health; water quality standards; water quality; legislation; disinfection; groundwater; USA; risk assessment; government policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pulmonary clearance and inflammatory response in C3H/HeJ mice after intranasal exposure to Pseudomonas spp. AN - 16694831; 3054367 AB - The environmental release of engineered microorganisms has caused health and environmental concerns. In this study, an animal model was used to examine health effects following pulmonary exposure to environmental and clinical isolates. In order to rule out the possibility that an adverse response was caused by endotoxin, 50% lethal doses (LD sub(50)) were determined, when possible, with endotoxin-sensitive (C3HeB/FeJ) and endotoxin-resistant (C3H/HeJ) mice by using both environmental isolates (Pseudomonas aeruginosa BC16, BC17, BC18, and AC869 and Pseudomonas maltophilia BC6) and clinical isolates (P. aeruginosa PAO1 and DG1). The LD sub(50) of strains AC869, DG1, and PAO1 are 1.05 x 10 super(7), 6.56 x 10 super(6), and 1.02 x 10 super(7) CFU, respectively, in C3HeB/FeJ mice and 1.05 x 10 super(7), 1.00 x 10 super(7), and 2.75 x 10 super(6) CFU, respectively, in C3H/HeJ mice. Strains BC17 and BC18 were not lethal to the animals. On the basis of the LD sub(50) data, an appropriate sublethal dose (approximately 10 super(6) CFU) was selected. Animals were challenged intranasally with microorganisms, and clearance from the lungs and nasal cavity was determined. Strains BC17, BC18, and AC869 were not detected in lungs or nasal washes 14 days following treatment. Strains BC6, BC16, and DG1 were recovered from the nasal cavities at the end of the experiment. Only strain PAO1 was detected in lungs and in nasal cavities 14 days after treatment. At selected intervals following treatment, the percentages of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage samples were determined. P. aeruginosa AC869, PAO1, and DG1 elicited a relatively strong inflammatory response which was indirectly related to lung clearance. An intermediate response was observed in the lungs of animals challenged with P. maltophilia BC6 and P. aeruginosa BC16 and BC17. A significant increase in the ratio of lung weight to body weight was observed in strain AC869-treated animals. Our data indicate that upon intranasal exposure P. aeruginosa AC869 has the potential to induce adverse health effects in mice, as shown by lung and nasal cavity clearance and the pulmonary inflammatory response. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - George, SE AU - Kohan, MJ AU - Gilmour, MI AU - Taylor AU - Brooks, H G AU - Creason, J P AU - Claxton, L D AD - Genet. Toxicol. Div. (MD 68A), Health Effects Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 3585 EP - 3591 VL - 59 IS - 11 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Pseudomonas maltophila KW - mice KW - environmental applications KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - inflammation KW - lung KW - animal models KW - clearance KW - public health KW - J 02845:Ear, nose and respiratory tract UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16694831?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Pulmonary+clearance+and+inflammatory+response+in+C3H%2FHeJ+mice+after+intranasal+exposure+to+Pseudomonas+spp.&rft.au=George%2C+SE%3BKohan%2C+MJ%3BGilmour%2C+MI%3BTaylor%3BBrooks%2C+H+G%3BCreason%2C+J+P%3BClaxton%2C+L+D&rft.aulast=George&rft.aufirst=SE&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=3585&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - lung; clearance; inflammation; animal models; public health ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Repeated exposure to the polychlorinated biphenyl (Aroclor 1254) elevates the basal serum levels of corticosterone but does not affect the stress-induced rise AN - 16693508; 3505784 AB - Previous studies indicate that repeated exposure of weanling male Fischer 344 rats to Aroclor can cause immune system alterations but the pattern of effects suggested the release of corticosteroids may have played a role. Rats were exposed daily by gastric intubation to the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) Aroclor 1254 at 0.1, 1.0, 10, or 25 mg/kg for exposure durations of 5, 10 or 15 weeks. By the 15th week of dosing all groups displayed an elevation in the basal level of serum corticosterone but no change in adrenal weight. Further, rats exposed to Aroclor 1254 for 15 weeks and subjected to stress prior to serum collection displayed elevations in corticosterone levels equivalent to stressed control rats. The failure to observe altered adrenal structure indicative of hyperactivity in the presence of increased serum levels of corticosterone suggest these basal increases may be indirect rather than direct effects of Aroclor 1254. JF - Toxicology AU - Miller, D B AU - Gray, LE Jr AU - Andrews, JE AU - Luebke, R W AU - Smialowicz, R J AD - Neurotoxicol. Div., U.S. EPA, HERL MD-74B RTP, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 217 EP - 222 VL - 81 IS - 3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - PCB KW - Aroclor 1254 KW - corticosterone KW - increase KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - serum KW - X 24155:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16693508?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Repeated+exposure+to+the+polychlorinated+biphenyl+%28Aroclor+1254%29+elevates+the+basal+serum+levels+of+corticosterone+but+does+not+affect+the+stress-induced+rise&rft.au=Miller%2C+D+B%3BGray%2C+LE+Jr%3BAndrews%2C+JE%3BLuebke%2C+R+W%3BSmialowicz%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - serum ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental toxicity of methanol in whole embryo culture: A comparative study with mouse and rat embryos AN - 16693459; 3505782 AB - Methanol (MeOH), a widely used industrial solvent, has been proposed as an alternative motor vehicle fuel. Inhaled MeOH is developmentally toxic in both rats and mice but the mouse is more sensitive than is the rat. The contribution of the embryo to this differential sensitivity was studied in whole embryo culture (WEC) using equivalent stage rat (day 9) and mouse (day 8) embryos (plug day = day 0). Rat embryos were explanted and cultured in 0, 2, 4, 8, 12 or 16 mg MeOH/ml rat serum for 24 h and then transferred to rat serum alone for 24 h. Embryonic development of the 2 and 4 mg MeOH/ml groups was not significantly different from the controls whereas the higher concentrations resulted in a concentration related decrease in somite number, head length and developmental score. The 12 mg/ml dose resulted in some embryolethality as well as dysmorphogenesis, while the highest dose was embryolethal. MeOH was dysmorphogenic in vitro in rat embryos at a MeOH concentration comparable to that reported in maternal serum following teratogenic in vivo exposures. JF - Toxicology AU - Andrews, JE AU - Ebron-McCoy, M AU - Logsdon, T R AU - Mole, L M AU - Kavlock, R J AU - Rogers, J M AD - MD-67, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 205 EP - 215 VL - 81 IS - 3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - methanol KW - mice KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - solvents KW - embryos KW - toxicity KW - development KW - culture KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16693459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Developmental+toxicity+of+methanol+in+whole+embryo+culture%3A+A+comparative+study+with+mouse+and+rat+embryos&rft.au=Andrews%2C+JE%3BEbron-McCoy%2C+M%3BLogsdon%2C+T+R%3BMole%2C+L+M%3BKavlock%2C+R+J%3BRogers%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Andrews&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - development; toxicity; embryos; culture; solvents ER - TY - JOUR T1 - RBC nitrification design using zero-order kinetics AN - 16677648; 3688428 AB - The design of rotating biological contactor (RBC) systems for nitrifying municipal wastewater or leachates from hazardous waste landfills is based on empirical curves developed by the various manufacturers of RBCs. User communities have relied heavily on RBC manufacturers to provide design assistance and to specify the number of RBC units as well as their arrangements in stages and trains. User communities normally include a performance clause in their design specifications to ensure that the process will produce the desired effluent quality at a specified design flow, concentration, and temperature. The applicability of zero-order nitrification kinetics to the rate of oxidation or disappearance of ammonia nitrogen (NH sub(3)-N) in RBCs has been previously established. JF - Environmental Progress AU - Opatken, E J AD - U.S. EPA, Risk Reduct. Eng. Lab., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 262 EP - 265 VL - 12 IS - 4 SN - 0278-4491, 0278-4491 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - leachates KW - landfills KW - rotating biological contactors KW - nitrification KW - hazardous wastes KW - municipal wastewater KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16677648?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Progress&rft.atitle=RBC+nitrification+design+using+zero-order+kinetics&rft.au=Opatken%2C+E+J&rft.aulast=Opatken&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=262&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Progress&rft.issn=02784491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - municipal wastewater; landfills; leachates; hazardous wastes; rotating biological contactors; nitrification ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioluminescent sensors for detection of bioavailable Hg(II) in the environment. AN - 16676084; 3043832 AB - Biosensors for the detection of pollutants in the environment can complement analytical methods by distinguishing bioavailable from inert, unavailable forms of contaminants. By using fusions of the well-understood Tn21 mercury resistance operon (mer ) with promoterless lux CDABE from Vibrio fischeri , we have constructed and tested three biosensors for Hg(II). Bioluminescence specified by pRB28, carrying merRo/pT' , by pOS14, mediating active transport of Hg(II), and by pOS15, containing an intact mer operon, was measured in rich and minimal media. The highest sensitivities were achieved in minimal medium and were 1, 0.5, and 25 nM Hg(II) for pRB28, pOS14, and pOS15, respectively. The utility of the biosensors in natural waters was demonstrated with freshwater, rain, and estuarine supplemented with Hg(II). mer-lux carried by pRB28 and pOS14 responded to Hg(II) in mercury-contaminated water samples collected from a freshwater pond. Semiquantitative analyses based on light emission in samples collected from the inlet (analytically determined total mercury, similar to 20 nM) and outlet (total mercury, similar to 7 nM) of the pond showed bioavailable mercury at approximately 20 and 1 to 2 nM, respectively. Thus, the biosensors described here semiquantitatively detect bioavailable inorganic mercury (at a nanomolar to micromolar concentration range) in contaminated waters. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Selifonova, O AU - Burlage, R AU - Barkay, T AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 3083 EP - 3090 VL - 59 IS - 9 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Vibrio fischeri KW - analytical techniques KW - bioavailability KW - biosensors KW - mercury KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - pollutants KW - marine pollution KW - pollution KW - light scattering KW - sensors KW - marine environment KW - pollution detection KW - bioluminescence KW - Q1 08382:Ecological techniques and apparatus KW - Q4 27230:Sensors and communication KW - Q2 09222:Methods and instruments KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16676084?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Bioluminescent+sensors+for+detection+of+bioavailable+Hg%28II%29+in+the+environment.&rft.au=Selifonova%2C+O%3BBurlage%2C+R%3BBarkay%2C+T&rft.aulast=Selifonova&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=3083&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sensors; pollutants; marine environment; marine pollution; analytical techniques; pollution; pollution detection; bioluminescence; light scattering; mercury; biosensors; bioavailability; Vibrio fischeri; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and evaluation of test methods for benthic invertebrates and sediments: Effects of flow rate and feeding on water quality and exposure conditions. AN - 16674489; 3035966 AB - In order to ensure among-laboratory comparability in the results of sediment toxicity tests, it is necessary to characterize the influence of variations in test regimes on organism responses and exposure conditions. The objective of these studies was to develop and document an optimized combination of overlying water renewal (flow) and feeding rates for sediment tests with three commonly used benthic species (midges, Chironomus tentans ; amphipods, Hyalella azteca ; oligochaetes, Lumbriculus variegatus ). Optimal conditions were defined by a number of chemical and biological considerations including (1) flow rate through the system, (2) amount of food added, (3) acceptable responses (survival, growth, reproduction) of the organisms over the course of a 10-day test, and (4) maintenance of an adequate concentration of dissolved oxygen in overlying water. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Ankley, G T AU - Benoit, DA AU - Hoke, R A AU - Leonard, EN AU - West, C W AU - Phipps, G L AU - Mattson, V R AU - Anderson, LA AD - U.S. EPA, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 12 EP - 19 VL - 25 IS - 1 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - contaminants KW - flow rates KW - foods KW - laboratory testing KW - oxygen KW - standardization KW - toxicity testing KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Entomology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - water quality KW - benthos KW - Freshwater KW - Chironomus tentans KW - sediments KW - Invertebrata KW - invertebrata KW - bioassays KW - Hyalella azteca KW - Lumbriculus variegatus KW - dissolved oxygen KW - food KW - zoobenthos KW - Q1 08581:General KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - Z 05156:Techniques UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16674489?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Development+and+evaluation+of+test+methods+for+benthic+invertebrates+and+sediments%3A+Effects+of+flow+rate+and+feeding+on+water+quality+and+exposure+conditions.&rft.au=Ankley%2C+G+T%3BBenoit%2C+DA%3BHoke%2C+R+A%3BLeonard%2C+EN%3BWest%2C+C+W%3BPhipps%2C+G+L%3BMattson%2C+V+R%3BAnderson%2C+LA&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water quality; oxygen; dissolved oxygen; food; sediments; benthos; bioassays; standardization; zoobenthos; toxicity testing; contaminants; laboratory testing; flow rates; Invertebrata; invertebrata; Hyalella azteca; Lumbriculus variegatus; Chironomus tentans; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mercury accumulation in the burrowing mayfly Hexagenia rigida (Ephemeroptera) exposed to CH sub(3)HgCl or HgCl sub(2) in water and sediment. AN - 16674214; 3037284 AB - The accumulation of Hg and its distribution within nymphs of the burrowing mayfly Hexagenia rigida (Ephemeroptera) were investigated experimentally by exposure of nymphs to radiolabeled Hg in laboratory microcosms containing water and sediment. Mercury was introduced into the experimental units either in the overlying water (twice-daily additions) or in the sediment (single addition prior to introduction of the nymphs). At the whole animal level, Hg accumulation varied according to the chemical form of the Hg added and the contamination source. When added in an organic form (CH sub(3)HgCl), Hg was accumulated to a greater extent than when added in an inorganic form (HgCl sub(2)); the ratio of accumulation between the two compounds exceeded 60 (organic/inorganic exposure) when Hg was introduced via the sediment but was only about 2 when Hg was added to the overlying water. The distribution of Hg among the various body parts of the nymphs indicated that the Hg burdens in two major target organs-the gills and the gut-depended strongly on the initial contamination source. When Hg was added via the sediment, the contribution of the gut to the total body burden (43% for inorganic Hg, 18% for methyl-Hg) was much greater than that of the gills (3 and 5%, respectively). In contrast, when Hg was added to the overlying water, the contribution of the gills to the total body burden (49% for inorganic Hg, 20% for methyl-Hg) exceeded that of the gut (8 and 17%, for the two forms, respectively). JF - Water Research AU - Saouter, E AU - Hare, L AU - Campbell, PGC AU - Boudou, A AU - Ribeyre, F AD - Univ. West Florida, Cent. Environ., Diagnostics and Bioremed., c/o U.S. EPA, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 1041 EP - 1048 VL - 27 IS - 6 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - aquatic insects KW - insect larvae KW - mercuric chloride KW - mercury KW - mercury compounds KW - methyl mercury KW - microcosms KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Hexagenia rigida KW - wastewater treatment KW - sediment pollution KW - Freshwater KW - bioaccumulation KW - Ephemeroptera KW - Ephemeridae KW - sediments KW - water pollution KW - pollution control KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - Z 05183:Toxicology & resistance KW - X 24163:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16674214?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research&rft.atitle=Mercury+accumulation+in+the+burrowing+mayfly+Hexagenia+rigida+%28Ephemeroptera%29+exposed+to+CH+sub%283%29HgCl+or+HgCl+sub%282%29+in+water+and+sediment.&rft.au=Saouter%2C+E%3BHare%2C+L%3BCampbell%2C+PGC%3BBoudou%2C+A%3BRibeyre%2C+F&rft.aulast=Saouter&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1041&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - methyl mercury; microcosms; mercury compounds; wastewater treatment; sediments; sediment pollution; insect larvae; water pollution; aquatic insects; mercury; pollution control; bioaccumulation; Hexagenia rigida; Ephemeroptera; Ephemeridae; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of 1,1,1-trichloro-2-propanone in Sprague-Dawley rats. AN - 16672402; 3032900 AB - 1,1,1-Trichloro-2-propanone (1,1,1-TCP) has been identified as a chlorination by-product in finished drinking water supplies. Since little was known of its oral toxicity, exposure studies were conducted with male and female Sprague-Dawley rats (10 males and 10 females/group) exposed by corn oil gavage at 0, 16, 48, 161, or 483 mg/kg for 10 d or 0, 30, 90, or 270 mg/kg for 90 d. Evaluations included mortality, clinical signs, body weight, food consumption, ophthalmology, hematology, clinical chemistry, urinalysis, organ weights, gross pathology, and histopathology. It was concluded that 16 mg/kg was the NOAEL (no observed adverse effect level) for the 10-d study while 30 mg/kg was the NOAEL for the 90-d exposure of Sprague-Dawley rats to 1,1,1,-trichloro-2-propanone. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Daniel, F B AU - Robinson, M AU - Stober, JA AU - Olson, G R AU - Page, N P AD - Environ. Monit. Syst. Lab., U.S. EPA, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 383 EP - 393 VL - 39 IS - 3 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - 1,1,1-trichloro-2-propanone KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - pathology KW - mortality KW - organs KW - chlorination KW - drinking water KW - body weight KW - oral administration KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16672402?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+1%2C1%2C1-trichloro-2-propanone+in+Sprague-Dawley+rats.&rft.au=Daniel%2C+F+B%3BRobinson%2C+M%3BStober%2C+JA%3BOlson%2C+G+R%3BPage%2C+N+P&rft.aulast=Daniel&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=383&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - oral administration; mortality; organs; pathology; body weight; chlorination; drinking water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fate and survival of microbial pest control agents in nontarget aquatic organisms. AN - 16669528; 3032442 AB - A fully enclosed test system was developed both to assess potential adverse effects of microbial pest control agents on nontarget aquatic invertebrates and to monitor their fate and survival. Eastern oysters Crassostrea virginica were exposed to various microbial pest control agents including the vegetative bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens , bacterial spores of Bacillus sphaericus , and fungal spores of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides f. sp. aeschynomene . After an exposure of 3 d for the fungus, 14 d for the bacterial spores, and 7 d for the vegetative bacterial cells, half the oysters were placed into a fully enclosed 601 aquarium equipped with a recirculating water system which passed water through an ultraviolet-irradiation sterilizer at a rate of 11/min. The remaining oysters were placed into wire cages maintained in Santa Rosa Sound, Pensacola, Florida, USA. Plate counts, performed on homogenized oyster tissues, revealed that all of the microbial pest control agents were found in oysters after exposure. Oysters depurated each microorganism at a different rate. None of the agents colonized the oysters. For all microbes tested, rates of clearance from the oysters in the enclosed UV light depuration system were similar to rates of clearance from the oysters in Santa Rosa Sound. Histological examination of oyster tissues detected P. fluorescens and B. sphaericus in the gut and C. gloeosporioides in the gill. Spore germination was not observed and no apparent signs of infectivity or pathogenicity were detected. JF - Diseases of Aquatic Organisms AU - Genthner, F J AU - Foss, S S AU - Campbell, R P AU - Fournie, J W AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 157 EP - 162 VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 0177-5103, 0177-5103 KW - Colletotrichum gloeosporioides aeschynomene KW - aquaculture effluents KW - aquaculture techniques KW - effects on KW - genetically engineered microbe control agents KW - genetically engineered microorganisms KW - nontarget organisms KW - nontarget species KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Marine KW - biological control KW - environmental impact KW - bioassays KW - Bacillus sphaericus KW - Pseudomonas fluorescens KW - pest control KW - aquaculture KW - Crassostrea virginica KW - survival KW - Q3 08581:Aquaculture: General KW - Q1 08581:General KW - Q4 27480:Environmental Applications/Impact KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - D 04710:Control KW - O 5060:Aquaculture KW - Q1 08485:Species interactions: pests and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16669528?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Diseases+of+Aquatic+Organisms&rft.atitle=Fate+and+survival+of+microbial+pest+control+agents+in+nontarget+aquatic+organisms.&rft.au=Genthner%2C+F+J%3BFoss%2C+S+S%3BCampbell%2C+R+P%3BFournie%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Genthner&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Diseases+of+Aquatic+Organisms&rft.issn=01775103&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biological control; pest control; aquaculture; environmental impact; bioassays; aquaculture techniques; aquaculture effluents; survival; nontarget organisms; genetically engineered microorganisms; Pseudomonas fluorescens; Crassostrea virginica; Bacillus sphaericus; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A three-dimensional air flow model for soil venting: Superposition of analytical functions. AN - 16666333; 3026388 AB - A three-dimensional computer model was developed for the simulation of the soil-air pressure distribution at steady state and specific discharge vectors during soil venting with multiple wells in unsaturated soil. The Kirchhoff transformation of dependent variables and coordinate transforms allowed the adoption of the superposition of analytical functions to satisfy the differential equations and boundary conditions. A venting well was represented with a line source of a finite length in a infinite homogeneous medium. The boundary conditions at the soil surface and the water table were approximated by the superposition of a large number of mirror image wells on the opposite sides of boundaries. The numerical accuracy of the model was checked by the evaluation of one of the boundary conditions and the comparison of a simulation result with an available analytical solution from the literature. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Cho, J S AD - US EPA, Robert S. Kerr Environ. Res. Lab., P.O. Box 1198, Ada, OK 74820, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 31 EP - 51 VL - 35 IS - 1 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - soil venting KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - soil remediation KW - mathematical models KW - boundary layers KW - simulation KW - fluid mechanics KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16666333?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=A+three-dimensional+air+flow+model+for+soil+venting%3A+Superposition+of+analytical+functions.&rft.au=Cho%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Cho&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - soil remediation; simulation; mathematical models; fluid mechanics; boundary layers ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A long path differential optical absorption spectrometer and EPA-approved fixed-point methods intercomparison. AN - 16666195; 3026456 AB - Differential optical absorption spectrometry (DOAS) has been used by a number of investigators over the past 10 years to measure a wide range of gaseous air pollutants. Recently OPSIS AB, Lund, Sweden has developed and made commercially available a DOAS instrument that has a number of features which make the unit attractive for field monitoring studies in both remote and urban areas. The DOAS is composed of a broad band light source (emission between 200 and 1000 nm) and a receiver-spectrometer assembly. The spectral data from the spectrometer are processed in real time using a PC computer to calculate the concentrations of the pollutants programmed to be monitored by the system. The distance between the light source and receiver can range from 100 to 2000 m, depending on the pollutant to be monitored and species concentrations. The pollutants monitored were SO sub(2), NO sub(2), O sub(3), HCHO and HNO sub(2). JF - Atmospheric Environment: Part B: Urban Atmosphere AU - Stevens, R K AU - Drago, R J AU - Mamane, Y AD - U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 231 EP - 236 VL - 27B IS - 2 SN - 0957-1272, 0957-1272 KW - sulphur dioxide KW - nitrous acid KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - spectrometry KW - optical analysis KW - atmosphere KW - formaldehyde KW - ozone KW - sampling instruments KW - air sampling KW - nitrogen dioxide KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16666195?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment%3A+Part+B%3A+Urban+Atmosphere&rft.atitle=A+long+path+differential+optical+absorption+spectrometer+and+EPA-approved+fixed-point+methods+intercomparison.&rft.au=Stevens%2C+R+K%3BDrago%2C+R+J%3BMamane%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Stevens&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=27B&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=231&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment%3A+Part+B%3A+Urban+Atmosphere&rft.issn=09571272&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; optical analysis; spectrometry; air sampling; sampling instruments; ozone; nitrogen dioxide; formaldehyde ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Antibody-magnetite method for selective concentration of Giardia lamblia cysts from water samples. AN - 16664721; 3028770 AB - An antibody-magnetite method was developed in order to selectively concentrate Giardia cysts from water samples. The indirect technique employed a mouse immunoglobulin G anti-Giardia antibody as a primary antibody and an anti-mouse immunoglobulin G antibody-coated magnetite particle as a secondary labeling reagent. The magnetically labeled cysts were then concentrated by high-gradient magnetic separation. Ninety percent of the seeded cysts were recovered from buffer, when this method was employed. An average of 82% of the seeded cysts were recovered from water samples with various turbidities. Significantly higher cyst recoveries were obtained from water samples with turbidities below 600 nephelometric turbidity units. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Bifulco, J M AU - Schaefer, FW III AD - Environ. Monitor. Syst. Lab., U.S. EPA, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 772 EP - 776 VL - 59 IS - 3 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Owen's magnetic-antibody technique KW - concentration KW - magnetite KW - microbial contamination KW - water quality control KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - water KW - antibodies KW - Giardia lamblia KW - Freshwater KW - pathogens KW - methodology KW - detection KW - cysts KW - water analysis KW - Q1 08182:Methods and instruments KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms KW - K 03071:Protozoa UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16664721?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Antibody-magnetite+method+for+selective+concentration+of+Giardia+lamblia+cysts+from+water+samples.&rft.au=Bifulco%2C+J+M%3BSchaefer%2C+FW+III&rft.aulast=Bifulco&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=772&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water; detection; microbial contamination; cysts; antibodies; water analysis; water quality control; pathogens; methodology; magnetite; concentration; Giardia lamblia; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - ELISA regulatory application: Compliance monitoring of simazine and atrazine in California soils. AN - 16663684; 3017132 AB - Residues of atrazine and simazine have been found in California groundwater as a result of legal agricultural use. As part of the Department of Pesticide Regulation's (DPR) groundwater protection program, all uses of atrazine and non-crop uses of simazine have been prohibited in Pesticide Management Zones which are one square mile areas that are considered sensitive to groundwater pollution. In order to monitor compliance with these prohibitions, a routine systematic soil sampling program has been implemented. This sampling program generates a large number of soil samples that could be rapidly and economically analyzed using ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays). This study was conducted to evaluate ELISA as compared to GC (gas chromatography) for the analysis of atrazine and simazine residues in soil samples taken for routine compliance monitoring. JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Goh, K S AU - Weaver, D J AU - Hsu, J AU - Richman, S J AU - Tran, D AU - Barry, T A AD - California EPA, Dep. Pesticide Regul., Environ. Monitor. and Pest Manage. Branch, 1220 N St., Sacramento, CA 95814, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 333 EP - 340 VL - 51 IS - 3 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - ELISA KW - soils KW - simazine KW - groundwater contamination KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - residues KW - compliance KW - government regulations KW - atrazine KW - monitoring methods KW - USA, California KW - pesticides KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16663684?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=ELISA+regulatory+application%3A+Compliance+monitoring+of+simazine+and+atrazine+in+California+soils.&rft.au=Goh%2C+K+S%3BWeaver%2C+D+J%3BHsu%2C+J%3BRichman%2C+S+J%3BTran%2C+D%3BBarry%2C+T+A&rft.aulast=Goh&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=333&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, California; pesticides; atrazine; residues; government regulations; compliance; monitoring methods ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fluid dynamics of the human larynx and upper tracheobronchial airways. AN - 16652213; 67114 AB - The deposition sites of inhaled particles must be known to (1) promote therapeutic effects of airborne pharmacologic drugs via targeted delivery and (2) improve risk assessments of ambient contaminants. Because particle trajectories are affected by the motion of an entraining fluid, it is important to determine the character of an inhaled airstream. In this report, an original theory is presented for the simulation of laryngeal and tracheobronchial fluid dynamics. The mathematical model describes conditions in such respiratory tract airways of adult human subjects under various breathing conditions. The data describing fluid dynamics patterns are presented in two formats graphical displays of mean streamlines and color illustrations of velocity distributions. In the defined airway system, fluid dynamics patterns are heterogeneous. Conditions within the larynx are especially complex, encompassing localized eddies, and a jet formed at the vocal folds. Moreover, the data indicate that the larynx exerts a pronounced influence on flows in distal airways. Fluid motion in the trachea and main bronchi include convective core flows with countercurrents along airway walls. The effects of these flow patterns may be to promote particle deposition at select sites within the larynx and tracheobronchial airways. JF - Aerosol Science and Technology AU - Martonen, T B AU - Zhang, Z AU - Lessmann, R C AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 133 EP - 156 VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 0278-6826, 0278-6826 KW - Fluid dynamics KW - Health hazards KW - Human larynx KW - Pulmonary diseases KW - Upper tracheobronchial airways KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Mathematical models KW - W4 931.1:MECHANICS KW - W4 461.3:BIOMECHANICS KW - W4 921:APPLIED MATHEMATICS KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 801.3:COLLOID CHEMISTRY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16652213?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aerosol+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Fluid+dynamics+of+the+human+larynx+and+upper+tracheobronchial+airways.&rft.au=Martonen%2C+T+B%3BZhang%2C+Z%3BLessmann%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Martonen&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aerosol+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=02786826&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mathematical models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying the amount of yard trimmings to be composted in the United States in 1996 AN - 16646692; 3681724 AB - Based on estimates by the Environmental Protection Agency of the amount of yard trimmings to be generated in coming years, the author calculates that up to 17.1 million tons will be composted in 1996 - the year by which existing state bans on landfill disposal of yard trimmings will all be in effect. Assuming a 50 percent weight reduction through the composting process, up to 8.5 million tons of end product will be generated in 1996. While the estimates provided in this paper are based on assumptions that could be changed by many factors, the calculations do provide springboards for asking questions regarding the composting infrastructure in terms of what is expected to be in place in terms of educational needs, collection needs, production facilities and effective markets. JF - Compost Science & Utilization AU - Kashmanian, R M AD - Off. Policy, Plann. and Eval., U.S. EPA, Washington DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 22 EP - 29 VL - 1 IS - 3 SN - 1065-657X, 1065-657X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - waste management KW - USA KW - yard wastes KW - composting KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16646692?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Compost+Science+%26+Utilization&rft.atitle=Quantifying+the+amount+of+yard+trimmings+to+be+composted+in+the+United+States+in+1996&rft.au=Kashmanian%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Kashmanian&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=22&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Compost+Science+%26+Utilization&rft.issn=1065657X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; yard wastes; composting; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicokinetics and metabolism of aniline and 4-chloroaniline in medaka (Oryzias latipes ). AN - 16645845; 3009068 AB - The in vivo toxicokinetics and in vitro hepatic microsomal metabolism of ( super(14)C)aniline and ( super(1)4C)4-chloroaniline in medaka (Oryzias latipes)) were investigated to provide a basis upon which to interpret the toxicological responses of small aquarium fish to aniline derivatives. During static aqueous exposures of up to 320 min, parent equivalents failed to reach steady state and results from depuration studies clearly demonstrated biphasic elimination. Due to low elimination rates, 40 to 20% of absorbed aniline and 4-chloroaniline doses, respectively, remained within the fish through 330 min postexposure. Based on an analysis of excreted metabolites, N-acetylation was the dominant route of in vivo metabolism for 4-chloroaniline, with no indication of ring hydroxylation, while the evidence suggested that polar conjugates were the dominant in vivo aniline metabolites. The toxicokinetics and in vivo metabolism of both aniline and 4-chloroaniline were best described by a two-compartment model that was consistent with the assumption that metabolites of the parent amines were accumulating in the fish. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Bradbury, S P AU - Dady, J M AU - Fitzsimmons, N AU - Voit, M M AU - Hammermeister, DE AU - Erickson, R J AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab.-Duluth, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 205 EP - 214 VL - 118 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - 4-chloroaniline KW - aniline KW - animal metabolism KW - chemical kinetics KW - toxicity tests KW - toxicokinetics KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts KW - carcinogens KW - Oryzias latipes KW - carcinogenesis KW - metabolism KW - Freshwater KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - X 24153:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16645845?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Toxicokinetics+and+metabolism+of+aniline+and+4-chloroaniline+in+medaka+%28Oryzias+latipes+%29.&rft.au=Bradbury%2C+S+P%3BDady%2C+J+M%3BFitzsimmons%2C+N%3BVoit%2C+M+M%3BHammermeister%2C+DE%3BErickson%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Bradbury&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=118&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carcinogens; animal metabolism; carcinogenesis; metabolism; chemical kinetics; toxicity tests; Oryzias latipes; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of the septohippocampal pathway in the mediation of colchicine-induced compensatory changes in the rat hippocampus. AN - 16640662; 3022810 AB - To study the involvement of the septohippocampal pathway in colchicine-induced changes in the hippocampus, colchicine was used to lesion the septum and/or hippocampus of male, Fischer-344 rats. ( super(3)H)-QNB binding, choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity and agonist-stimulated release of inositol phosphates (IPs) were measured in hippocampal slices. AChE histochemistry was also performed to visualize AChE positive fibers in the hippocampus. Increases in ChAT activity, AChE staining and carbachol-stimulated IP release observed in hippocampal-lesioned animals were attenuated in animals receiving both septal and hippocampal lesions. However, the decrease observed in ( super(3)H)-QNB binding sites after intradentate colchicine was not affected by septal lesions. Subsequent studies also found enhanced sensitivity to excitatory amino acid (EAA)-stimulated IP release in hippocampal-lesioned animals. Similar to the changes observed in carbachol-stimulated PI hydrolysis, this increase was also long-lasting. However, the hyperstimulation of EAA-induced IP release was not attenuated by the septal lesion. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Tandon, P AU - Barone, S Jr AU - Bonner, MJ AU - Ali, S F AU - Tilson, HA AD - Neurotoxicol. Div., Mail Drop 74-B, US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 41 EP - 50 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - colchicine KW - effects on KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - pathway KW - septum KW - hippocampus KW - role KW - neurons KW - N3 11104:Mammals (except primates) KW - X 24115:Pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16640662?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=The+role+of+the+septohippocampal+pathway+in+the+mediation+of+colchicine-induced+compensatory+changes+in+the+rat+hippocampus.&rft.au=Tandon%2C+P%3BBarone%2C+S+Jr%3BBonner%2C+MJ%3BAli%2C+S+F%3BTilson%2C+HA&rft.aulast=Tandon&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - septum; hippocampus; pathway; role; neurons ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting rodent carcinogenicity of halogenated hydrocarbons by in vivo biochemical parameters. AN - 16639904; 3032342 AB - Forty halogenated hydrocarbons of known rodent carcinogenicity (24 carcinogens, 16 noncarcinogens), including many promoters of carcinogenesis, nongenotoxic carcinogens, and hepatocarcinogens, were selected for study. The chemicals were administered by gavage in two dose levels to female Sprague-Dawley rats. The effects of these 40 chemicals on four biochemical assays (hepatic DNA damage by alkaline elution (DD), hepatic ornithine decarboxylase activity (ODC), serum alanine aminotransferase activity (ALT), and hepatic cytochrome P-450 content (P450)) were determined. Composite predictive parameters are defined as follows: CP = (ODC and P450), CT = (ALT and ODC), and TS = (DD or CP or CT). The operational characteristics of TS for predicting rodent cancer were sensitivity 58%, specificity 81%, positive predictivity 82%, negative predictivity 57%, and concordance 68%. The concordance for the Ames test (45%) and structural alerts (SA; 46%) was much lower. TS also outperformed the Ames test and SA in producing fewer false positives (the specificity of TS was 81% vs. only 63% for the Ames test and 57% for SA). For predicting the carcinogenicity of the most difficult halogenated hydrocarbons (Ames and SA negative chemicals), TS was capable of successfully predicting the carcinogenicity of 8 (carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, alpha -hexachlorocyclohexane, kepone, mirex, monuron, p,p'-DDE, and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol) out of 16 of these non-DNA-reactive halogenated hydrocarbon carcinogens. All 8 of these halogenated hydrocarbons were positive in either CP or CT. Nongenotoxic carcinogenesis is best predicted by nongenotoxic parameters such as CP or CT (components of the predictor TS). JF - Teratogenesis, Carcinogenesis and Mutagenesis AU - Kitchin, K T AU - Brown, J L AU - Kulkarni AD - Carcinogen. and Metabol. Branch, Genet. Toxicol. Div., MD-68, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 167 EP - 184 VL - 13 IS - 4 SN - 0270-3211, 0270-3211 KW - rats KW - ornithine decarboxylase KW - alanine aminotransferase KW - cytochrome P450 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - biochemistry KW - DNA KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Ames test KW - comparison KW - in vivo KW - carcinogenicity testing KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16639904?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratogenesis%2C+Carcinogenesis+and+Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Predicting+rodent+carcinogenicity+of+halogenated+hydrocarbons+by+in+vivo+biochemical+parameters.&rft.au=Kitchin%2C+K+T%3BBrown%2C+J+L%3BKulkarni&rft.aulast=Kitchin&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratogenesis%2C+Carcinogenesis+and+Mutagenesis&rft.issn=02703211&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carcinogenicity testing; halogenated hydrocarbons; in vivo; biochemistry; DNA; comparison; Ames test ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Base closure and reuse: Environmental issues at closing military bases in California. AN - 16638640; 3026402 AB - Section 120 of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), Executive Order 12580, and the National Contingency Plan (NCP) establish an elaborate framework in which DOD, U.S. EPA, and the state of California must operate in order to effectuate the closure and reuse of these bases in a manner that is both expeditious and environmentally sensitive. The closing and subsequent reuse of federal facilities on the National Priorities List (NPL) has required that U.S. EPA address issues all along the Superfund spectrum: from initial listing of federal facilities on the NPL, through cleanup of the federal facilities, to eventual deletion of the federal facility from the NPL. Although there are clearly too many facets of these issues to be discussed in this article, some of the key issues are presented. JF - Federal Facilities Environmental Journal AU - Klaiman, MJ AD - US EPA, San Francisco, CA, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 265 EP - 282 VL - 4 IS - 3 SN - 1048-4078, 1048-4078 KW - federal facilities KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Superfund KW - CERCLA KW - legislation KW - USA, California KW - cleaning process KW - military KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16638640?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Federal+Facilities+Environmental+Journal&rft.atitle=Base+closure+and+reuse%3A+Environmental+issues+at+closing+military+bases+in+California.&rft.au=Klaiman%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Klaiman&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=265&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Federal+Facilities+Environmental+Journal&rft.issn=10484078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, California; military; cleaning process; Superfund; legislation; CERCLA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The genetic toxicology of putative nongenotoxic carcinogens. AN - 16636297; 2985414 AB - This report examines a group of putative nongenotoxic carcinogens that have been cited in the published literature. Using short-term test data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/International Agency for Research on Cancer genetic activity profile (EPA/IARC GAP) database we have classified these agents on the basis of their mutagenicity emphasizing three genetic endpoints: gene mutation, chromosomal aberration and aneuploidy. On the basis of results of short-term tests for these effects, we have defined criteria for evidence of mutagenicity (and nonmutagenicity) and have applied these criteria in classifying the group of putative nongenotoxic carcinogens. The results from this evaluation based on the EPA/IARC GAP database are presented along with a summary of the short-term test data for each chemical and the relevant carcinogenicity results from the NTP, Gene-Tox and IARC databases. JF - Mutation Research AU - Jackson, MA AU - Stack, H F AU - Waters, MD AD - Health Eff. Res. Lab., US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 241 EP - 277 VL - 296 IS - 3 SN - 0165-1110, 0165-1110 KW - nongenotoxic KW - Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - carcinogens KW - chromosome aberrations KW - aneuploidy KW - mutagenicity KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - G 07220:General theory/testing systems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16636297?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research&rft.atitle=The+genetic+toxicology+of+putative+nongenotoxic+carcinogens.&rft.au=Jackson%2C+MA%3BStack%2C+H+F%3BWaters%2C+MD&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=296&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research&rft.issn=01651110&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carcinogens; mutagenicity; aneuploidy; chromosome aberrations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physical and chemical parameters of sediment extraction and fractionation that influence toxicity, as evaluated by Microtox. AN - 16635881; 3024917 AB - Several physical and chemical parameters of sediment extraction and fractionation of organic compounds that influence bioassay results were evaluated. Each parameter was evaluated with a photoluminescent bacterial bioassay (Microtox)) as an end point. Three solvents (acetonitrile, acetone, and methanol) were studied for their ability to extract toxic organic components from marine sediments. Acetone extracted the most toxicity, with no difference between acetonitrile and methanol. Two methods of fractionating sediment extracts (silica-gel-column chromatography (SGCC) and acid-base fractionation) were compared. SGCC was more useful because it resulted in a wider range of responses and was faster to perform than acid-base fractionation. Microtox was used to rank four marine sediments with respect to toxicity and to determine if one chemical class (or fraction) was consistently more toxic among different sediments. With some caveats, Microtox results agreed with general chemical concentration trends and other bioassay results in distinguishing between contaminated and noncontaminated sediments. Although results indicated there was not a consistently most toxic fraction among sediments, there was a consistently least toxic fraction. The effect of sediment storage time on toxicity was also evaluated. Results indicated that the most stable chemical fraction (containing nonpolar hydrocarbons) did not change toxicologically for 30 weeks, whereas the more chemically active fraction (containing ketones, quinones, and carboxyls) changed as soon as one week. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Ho, KTY AU - Quinn, J G AD - U.S. EPA, 27 Tarzwell Dr., Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 615 EP - 625 VL - 12 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Microtox KW - analytical techniques KW - sediment analysis KW - separation techniques KW - toxicity testing KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - sediment pollution KW - Freshwater KW - solvents KW - toxicity KW - sediments KW - water pollution KW - Marine KW - physicochemical properties KW - Brackish KW - bioassays KW - bacteria KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16635881?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Physical+and+chemical+parameters+of+sediment+extraction+and+fractionation+that+influence+toxicity%2C+as+evaluated+by+Microtox.&rft.au=Ho%2C+KTY%3BQuinn%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=Ho&rft.aufirst=KTY&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=615&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - solvents; toxicity; bacteria; physicochemical properties; sediments; bioassays; analytical techniques; sediment analysis; sediment pollution; water pollution; toxicity testing; separation techniques; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Light and electron microscopic comparisons of normal hepatocytes and neoplastic hepatocytes of well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas in a teleost fish. AN - 16631370; 3020300 AB - Well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC's) induced in the sheepshead minnow Cyprinodon variegatus with N-nitrosodiethylamine permitted light microscopical and ultra-structural comparisons of normal hepatocytes and adjacent HCC cells. Normal hepatocytes contained typical organelles with their intracellular distribution similar to that described for other teleosts. These cells revealed a strong compartmentalization of organelles consisting of restricted perinuclear cytoplasm containing rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and mitochondria; most of the rest of the cell's cytoplasm volume was filled with beta -glycogen particles. Adjacent HCC cells at the border of the neoplasm interdigitated (invaded) between normal hepatocytes and replaced normal hepatocytes close to the HCC edge and adjacent to the bile canaliculi. Within the HCC, cells had little intercellular space between them and atypical bile canaliculi were found occasionally between adjacent hepatocytes. The HCC cells appeared to differ mainly in a quantitative , rather than in a qualitative fashion, and in the distribution of organelles from normal hepatocytes. HCC cells were not compartmentalized; their organelles (RER and mitochondria) were distributed throughout the cytoplasm, and only small amounts of glycogen remained diffusely distributed or in small masses or foci. Mitochondrial intermembrane myelin bodies (MMB's) were found frequently in the HCC cells but less frequently in the normal hepatocytes. Some cells at the edge of the HCCs appeared to be intermediate between inner HCC cells and normal hepatocytes in terms of abundance and distribution of organelles and glycogen. The possible significance of the MMB's and intermediate, edge cells is discussed, as well as the need to better characterize features of well-differentiated hepatic neoplasms in order to assure their proper inclusion in neoplasm incidence/prevalence data in fish carcinogenesis assays and field studies. JF - Diseases of Aquatic Organisms AU - Couch, JA AD - Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 1 EP - 14 VL - 16 IS - 1 SN - 0177-5103, 0177-5103 KW - hepatocytes KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts KW - Marine KW - ultrastructure KW - tumours KW - carcinogenesis KW - blood cells KW - cell morphology KW - cell organelles KW - liver KW - Freshwater KW - Cyprinodon variegatus KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - Q3 08582:Fish culture KW - Q1 08582:Fish culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16631370?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Diseases+of+Aquatic+Organisms&rft.atitle=Light+and+electron+microscopic+comparisons+of+normal+hepatocytes+and+neoplastic+hepatocytes+of+well-differentiated+hepatocellular+carcinomas+in+a+teleost+fish.&rft.au=Couch%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Couch&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Diseases+of+Aquatic+Organisms&rft.issn=01775103&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ultrastructure; tumours; carcinogenesis; cell organelles; cell morphology; blood cells; liver; Cyprinodon variegatus; Marine; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of fuel choice on comparative cancer risk of emissions. AN - 16620180; 53464 AB - Incomplete combustion of fuels as an energy source results in the emission of products that are mutagenic in short-term genetic bioassays and carcinogenic in animals. Humans occupationally exposed to the incomplete combustion products from certain fuels have an elevated relative risk of cancer. Until recently, it has not been possible to compare the relative cancer risk of emissions from the combustion of various fuels. The combustion emissions from a wide variety of fossil fuels, synthetic fuels, vegetative fuels, synthetic chemicals, and mixed wastes have been characterized with respect to their comparative genotoxic and tumor initiating activity. This paper evaluates the comparative cancer risk of various fuels and identifies critical data gaps in our understanding of the comparative cancer risks from using alternative fuels. JF - Energy & Fuels AU - Lewtas, Joellen AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 4 EP - 6 VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 0887-0624, 0887-0624 KW - Fossil fuels KW - Fuel choice KW - Gas emissions KW - Genotoxic activity KW - Health risks KW - Incomplete combustion products KW - Synthetic fuels KW - Tumor initiating activity KW - Vegetative fuels KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Air pollution KW - Carcinogens KW - Toxicity KW - Combustion KW - W4 521.1:FUEL COMBUSTION KW - W4 914:SAFETY ENGINEERING KW - W4 524:SOLID FUELS KW - W4 461:BIOENGINEERING KW - W4 523:LIQUID FUELS KW - W4 522:GAS FUELS KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16620180?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Fuels&rft.atitle=Impact+of+fuel+choice+on+comparative+cancer+risk+of+emissions.&rft.au=Lewtas%2C+Joellen&rft.aulast=Lewtas&rft.aufirst=Joellen&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=4&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Fuels&rft.issn=08870624&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Toxicity; Carcinogens; Combustion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Altered steroidogenesis in whole-ovary and adrenal culture in cycling rats. AN - 16611162; 3032839 AB - Cultures of minced, whole-ovary (whole-ovary culture) were used to determine if three selected chemicals altered steroidogenic profiles. First, phenolsulfonthalein (PST), when used in culture medium, was tested for its influence on in vitro steroidogenesis. Next, aminoglutethimide (AGTP; 0 or 150 mg/kg once) and di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP; 0 or 1500 mg/kg/day for 10 days) were administered in vivo to young adult cycling rats, and the ovaries and adrenals were removed and cultured for 1 h. Ovarian steroidogenic profiles of progesterone (P), testosterone (T), and estradiol (E) release into the medium were measured using radioimmunoassay techniques. PST in medium significantly decreased ovarian P production and altered T and E production so that the T/E ratio was significantly altered. Therefore, PST was excluded in the later studies. DEHP altered steroid profiles so that proestrus appeared to be delayed. AGTP decreased P and E production significantly, and T production was increased slightly in proestrus ovaries. These AGTP alterations in T and E resulted in a highly significant increase in the T/E ratio. JF - Reproductive Toxicology AU - Berman, E AU - Laskey, J W AD - MD-72, Dev. Toxicol. Div., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 349 EP - 358 VL - 7 IS - 4 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - phenolsulfonphthalein KW - aminoglutethimide KW - bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - steroidogenesis KW - ovaries KW - culture KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16611162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Altered+steroidogenesis+in+whole-ovary+and+adrenal+culture+in+cycling+rats.&rft.au=Berman%2C+E%3BLaskey%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Berman&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=349&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - steroidogenesis; ovaries; culture ER - TY - JOUR T1 - NPDES stormwater program provides leverage for pollution prevention. AN - 16606762; 3018818 AB - Since CWA's passage in 1972, the mission of the NPDES program has been protection of the physical and chemical integrity of the nation's surface waters. NPDES permitting authorities initially focused their resources on controlling discharges from municipal and industrial wastewater treatment plants. However, success in controlling these discharges has highlighted the effects of stormwater point-source discharges and nonpoint source pollution. The new NPDES stormwater program initially affects municipal separate storm sewer systems (MS4s) serving populations of 100,000 or more, a variety of heavy and light industries, construction, stormwater discharges already covered by an NPDES permit, and discharges contributing to a water quality problem. JF - Industrial Wastewater AU - Larsen, B AD - EPA Region VI Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 39 EP - 40 VL - 1 IS - 3 SN - 1067-5337, 1067-5337 KW - NPDES KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - surface water KW - legislation KW - water pollution control KW - industrial effluents KW - sewers KW - Clean Water Act KW - permits KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16606762?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Industrial+Wastewater&rft.atitle=NPDES+stormwater+program+provides+leverage+for+pollution+prevention.&rft.au=Larsen%2C+B&rft.aulast=Larsen&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Industrial+Wastewater&rft.issn=10675337&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clean Water Act; legislation; water pollution control; surface water; permits; industrial effluents; sewers ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Implications of climate change scenarios for soil erosion potential in the USA. AN - 16605105; 3018521 AB - Atmospheric general circulation models (GCMs) project that increasing atmospheric concentrations of CO sub(2) and other greenhouse gases may result in global changes in temperature and precipitation over the next 40-100 years. Equilibrium climate scenarios from four GCMs run under doubled CO sub(2) conditions were examined for their effect on the climatic potential for sheet and rill erosion in the conterminous USA. Changes in the mean annual rainfall factor (R) in the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) were calculated for each cropland, pastureland and rangeland sample point in the 1987 National Resources Inventory. Projected annual precipitation changes were assumed to be from differences in either storm frequency of storm intensity. With USLE factors held constant these changes in R translated to changes in the sheet and rill erosion national average of +2 to +16 per cent in croplands, -2 to +10 per cent in pasturelands and -5 to +22 per cent in rangelands under the eight scenarios. Land with erosion rates above the soil loss tolerance (T) level and land classified as highly erodible (erodibility index > 8) also increased slightly. The results varied from model to model, region to region and depended on the assumption of frequency versus intensity changes. These results show the range of sensitivity of soil erosion potential by water under projected climate change scenarios. However, actual changes in soil erosion could be mitigated by alterations in cropping patterns and other management practices, or possibly by increased growth and residue production under higher atmospheric CO sub(2) concentrations. JF - Land Degradation and Development AU - Phillips, D L AU - White, D AU - Johnson, B AD - US EPA, 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 61 EP - 72 VL - 4 IS - 2 SN - 0898-5812, 0898-5812 KW - agricultural land KW - models KW - soils KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - erosion KW - soil erosion KW - agriculture KW - climatic changes KW - USA KW - rangelands KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - H SE6.28:LANDSLIDES AND EROSION KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16605105?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Land+Degradation+and+Development&rft.atitle=Implications+of+climate+change+scenarios+for+soil+erosion+potential+in+the+USA.&rft.au=Phillips%2C+D+L%3BWhite%2C+D%3BJohnson%2C+B&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Land+Degradation+and+Development&rft.issn=08985812&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; climatic changes; soil erosion; rangelands; erosion; agriculture; agricultural land; models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genotoxicity of three pyridine compounds to L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells. AN - 16598957; 3007988 AB - The L5178Y mouse lymphoma assay was used to examine the potential mutagenicity of three halogenated pyridine compounds. Position effects of the halogen moiety and the role of metabolic activation were analyzed based on induced mutant frequency, gross chromosome aberrations, and micronuclei. Without activation, 2-chloropyridine, 3-chloropyridine, and 2-chloro-5-trifluoromethylpyridine produced a small increase in mutant frequency; only the 2-chloropyridine activity was significantly increased with activation. All three compounds were also clastogenic as demonstrated by increases in chromosome aberrations and micronuclei (except for 2-chloro-5-trifluoromethylpyridine which did not induce micronuclei either with or without activation). JF - Mutation Research AU - Dearfield, K L AU - Harrington-Brock, K AU - Doerr, CL AU - Parker, L AU - Moore, M M AD - MD-68, Mutagenesis and Cell. Toxicol. Branch, Genet. Toxicol. Div., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 57 EP - 63 VL - 301 IS - 1 SN - 0165-7992, 0165-7992 KW - 2-chloropyridine KW - 3-chloropyridine KW - 2-chloro-5-trifluoromethylpyridine KW - lymphoma cells KW - mice KW - Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - genotoxicity KW - X 24135:Biochemistry KW - G 07221:Specific chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16598957?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research&rft.atitle=Genotoxicity+of+three+pyridine+compounds+to+L5178Y+mouse+lymphoma+cells.&rft.au=Dearfield%2C+K+L%3BHarrington-Brock%2C+K%3BDoerr%2C+CL%3BParker%2C+L%3BMoore%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=Dearfield&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=301&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research&rft.issn=01657992&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - genotoxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Complex mixtures of air pollutants: Characterizing the cancer risk of polycyclic organic matter. AN - 16595930; 3002893 AB - Complex mixtures of polycyclic organic matter (POM) are used to illustrate the scientific problems and issues associated with characterizing the comparative risk of related complex mixtures. The complexity of mixtures in which the active components are not well characterized present special challenges, which include identifying the critical components of mixtures, their sources, and the appropriate biomarker(s) of exposure and dose; developing the appropriate experimental models for dose-response assessment; species extrapolation; and developing a scientific basis for predicting from one mixture to another. Strategies for addressing these issues include bioassay-directed chemical characterization of bioactive components of complex mixtures, apportionment methods to determine the source of biological activity and risk, DNA adduct methods to determine tissue exposure and target dose of mixtures, and comparative approaches to determining the relative similarity, potency, and risk of complex mixtures. Epidemiological data are available for humans exposed to POM from coke ovens, coal roofing tar, coal smoke, aluminum smelters, and cigarette smoke. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Lewtas, J AD - Health Effects Res. Lab., MD 68A, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 211 EP - 218 VL - 100 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - air pollutants KW - emissions KW - dose response effects KW - environmental health KW - environmental hygiene KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - organic matter KW - chemicals KW - occupational exposure KW - toxicology KW - bioassays KW - air pollution KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - cancer KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - H SM10.21:CANCER KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16595930?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Complex+mixtures+of+air+pollutants%3A+Characterizing+the+cancer+risk+of+polycyclic+organic+matter.&rft.au=Lewtas%2C+J&rft.aulast=Lewtas&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; organic matter; occupational exposure; cancer; risk assessment; emissions; bioassays; chemicals; environmental health; toxicology; air pollution; environmental hygiene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct measurement of fast axonal organelle transport in the sciatic nerve of rats treated with acrylamide AN - 16594958; 3655126 AB - We report the first direct evaluation of the effects of subchronic acrylamide dosing (150, 300, or 500 mg/kg total dose, i.e., 50 mg/kg, 2x/wk, for 1.5, 3, 5 wk, respectively) on the fast axonal transport motility machinery itself using video-enhanced differential interference contrast optics with digital image processing and computer analysis. Four principle observations were made: (1) Rapid anterograde transport was not affected at any dosage level within 1 wk after cessation of dosing. (2) A high cumulative dosage (500 mg/kg total) of acrylamide or bisacrylamide produced approximately 7-18% decrease in the rate of retrograde transport in both myelinated and unmyelinated axons. (3) Lower dosages of acrylamide (150 or 300 mg/kg total) produced an increase in retrograde transport rates in myelinated axons only. (4) During the "recovery" phase for the 500 mg/kg acrylamide animals (i.e., 3 or 5 wk after the last dosage of acrylamide) the rate of anterograde transport in the myelinated axons was decreased at 3 wk but not at 5 wk, and the rate of retrograde transport in the myelinated axons returned to control levels while the retrograde transport in the unmyelinated axons continued at abnormally slow speeds. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Padilla, S AD - Cell. and Mol. Toxicol. Branch, Neurotoxicol. Div. (MD. 74B), U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 429 EP - 445 VL - 39 IS - 4 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - acrylamide KW - rats KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - axonal transport KW - sciatic nerve KW - axons KW - transport KW - organelles KW - X 24151:Acute exposure KW - N3 11104:Mammals (except primates) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16594958?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Direct+measurement+of+fast+axonal+organelle+transport+in+the+sciatic+nerve+of+rats+treated+with+acrylamide&rft.au=Padilla%2C+S&rft.aulast=Padilla&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=429&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - organelles; transport; axons; sciatic nerve; axonal transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of dose and routes of exposure on the disposition of 2,3,7,8-( super(3)H)tetrabromodibenzo-p-dioxin (TBDD) in the rat. AN - 16593642; 3022759 AB - The objectives of this study were to characterize the effects of dose and routes on absorption, excretion, and terminal tissue distribution of ( super(3)H)TBDD in the rat 72 hr after dosing. Rats were treated orally by gavage with 1, 10, 100, or 500 nmol/kg, intratracheally with 1 nmol/kg, or dermally with 1 nmol/kg (200 pmol/1.8 cm super(2)). TBDD exhibited nonlinear oral absorption kinetics with maximum absorption ( similar to 80%) occurring at dose less than or equal to 10 nmol/kg, similar to the transpulmonary absorption. In contrast, dermal absorption of TBDD was low ( similar to 12%). The major tissue depots of radioactivity were liver, adipose tissue, and skin. Tissue distribution of the oral dose was dose-dependent, with disproportionally greater hepatic concentrations occurring at absorbed doses of >8 nmol/kg. Liver:adipose tissue (L:F) concentration ratios were 2.9 to 6.6 (lowest to highest oral dose, respectively). JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Diliberto, J J AU - Kedderis, L B AU - Jackson, JA AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - MD-74, PKB/ETD/HERL, US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 315 EP - 326 VL - 120 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - 2,3,7,8-tetrabromodibenzo(p)dioxin KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - disposition KW - X 24153:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16593642?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+dose+and+routes+of+exposure+on+the+disposition+of+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-%28+super%283%29H%29tetrabromodibenzo-p-dioxin+%28TBDD%29+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Diliberto%2C+J+J%3BKedderis%2C+L+B%3BJackson%2C+JA%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Diliberto&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=315&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - disposition ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PANs in the atmosphere. AN - 16593428; 3034366 AB - The types of PANs and PBzNs present or possibly present in the ambient atmosphere are discussed. Biological activities of the PANs and PBzNs are briefly considered. The concentration and composition of PANs in the atmosphere are discussed and calculations made of the production of RCO radicals from precursor alkanes, alkenes and aromatic hydrocarbons present in the atmosphere. Lifetimes of PANs are estimated, and the effects of transport on the composition of PANs is evaluated. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Altshuller, A P AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 1221 EP - 1230 VL - 43 IS - 9 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - transport processes KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - emission measurements KW - atmosphere KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - air pollution KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16593428?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=PANs+in+the+atmosphere.&rft.au=Altshuller%2C+A+P&rft.aulast=Altshuller&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; atmosphere; air pollution; emission measurements ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An enforceable indoor air quality standard for environmental tobacco smoke in the workplace. AN - 16590943; 3022109 AB - Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) has recently been determined by U.S. environmental and occupational health authorities to be a human carcinogen. We develop a model which permits using atmospheric nicotine measurements to estimate nonsmokers' ETS lung cancer risks in individual workplaces for the first time. We estimate that during the 1980s, the U.S. nonsmoking adult population's median nicotine lung exposure (homes and workplaces combined) was 143 micrograms ( mu g) of nicotine daily, and that most-exposed adult nonsmokers inhaled 1430 mu g/day. These exposure estimates are validated by pharmacokinetic modeling which yields the corresponding steady-state dose of the nicotine metabolite, cotinine. For U.S. adult nonsmokers of working age, we estimate median cotinine values of about 1.0 nanogram per milliliter (ng/ml) in plasma, and 6.2 ng/ml in urine; for most-exposed nonsmokers, we estimate cotinine concentrations of about 10 ng/ml in plasma and 62 ng/ml in urine. These values are consistent to within 15% of the cotinine values observed in contemporaneous clinical epidemiological studies. JF - Risk Analysis AU - Repace, J L AU - Lowrey, AH AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 463 EP - 476 VL - 13 IS - 4 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - lung cancer KW - air quality standards KW - passive smoking KW - indoor environments KW - occupational exposure KW - smoke KW - tobacco KW - H SI0.8.4:DRUGS AND ALCOHOL KW - R2 23080:Industrial and labor KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16590943?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=An+enforceable+indoor+air+quality+standard+for+environmental+tobacco+smoke+in+the+workplace.&rft.au=Repace%2C+J+L%3BLowrey%2C+AH&rft.aulast=Repace&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=463&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - occupational exposure; indoor environments; air quality standards; lung cancer; tobacco; smoke; passive smoking ER - TY - JOUR T1 - R-245ca: A potential far-term alternative for R-11. AN - 16587105; 3018858 AB - Based on preliminary tests, R-245ca has so far proven to be a good candidate refrigerant to eventually replace R-11 or R-123. JF - ASHRAE Journal AU - Smith, N D AU - Ratanaphruks, K AU - Tufts, M W AU - Ng, A S AD - Stratos. Ozone Prot. Branch, EPA, Air and Energy Eng. Res. Lab., Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 19 EP - 23 VL - 35 IS - 2 SN - 0001-2491, 0001-2491 KW - R-245ca KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - ozone KW - technology KW - air pollution control KW - refrigerants KW - environmental protection KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16587105?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASHRAE+Journal&rft.atitle=R-245ca%3A+A+potential+far-term+alternative+for+R-11.&rft.au=Smith%2C+N+D%3BRatanaphruks%2C+K%3BTufts%2C+M+W%3BNg%2C+A+S&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASHRAE+Journal&rft.issn=00012491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - refrigerants; air pollution control; environmental protection; technology; ozone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conservation and sequestration of carbon: The potential of forest and agroforest management practices. AN - 16581643; 2980139 AB - Forests play a major role in Earth's carbon cycle through assimilation, storage, and emission of CO sub(2). Establishment and management of boreal, temperate, and tropical forest and agroforest systems could potentially enhance sequestration of carbon in the terrestrial biosphere. A biological and economic analysis of forest establishment and management options from 94 nations revealed that forestation, agroforestry, and silviculture could be employed to conserve and sequester one Petagram (Pg) of carbon annually over a 50-year period. The marginal cost of implementing these options to sequester 55 Pg of carbon would be approximately $10/Mg. JF - Global Environmental Change AU - Dixon, R K AU - Winjum, J K AU - Schroeder, P E AD - US EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 159 EP - 173 VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 0959-3780, 0959-3780 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - forests KW - environmental protection KW - air quality KW - conservation KW - biosphere KW - carbon KW - economics KW - greenhouse effect KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16581643?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Environmental+Change&rft.atitle=Conservation+and+sequestration+of+carbon%3A+The+potential+of+forest+and+agroforest+management+practices.&rft.au=Dixon%2C+R+K%3BWinjum%2C+J+K%3BSchroeder%2C+P+E&rft.aulast=Dixon&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Environmental+Change&rft.issn=09593780&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2012-02-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; biosphere; forests; greenhouse effect; environmental protection; economics; conservation; air quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of acidic deposition on paint: A chamber study. AN - 16578553; 2993861 AB - Exterior acrylic latex and alkyd architectural coatings were exposed to different conditions in a chamber exposure system involving simulated sunlight, dew, and photochemical smog containing sulfur dioxide (SO sub(2)). A simulated sunlight exposure of the coating films in the presence of clean air also was incorporated into the experimental design. Changes in surface features after 1,370 hours of exposure were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX). Gaseous species that deposited on the films were determined by ion chromatography (IC) of the dew collections. Color-change measurements of the exposed films were recorded as "Delta E" values. JF - JCT Journal of Coatings Technology AU - Spence, J W AU - Lemmons, T J AU - Hou, Y AU - Schadt, R J AU - Fornes, R E AU - Gilbert, R D AD - U.S. EPA, Atmos. Res. and Exposure Assess. Lab., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 47 EP - 55 VL - 65 IS - 823 SN - 0361-8773, 0361-8773 KW - sulphur dioxide KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - physicochemical properties KW - simulation KW - air pollution KW - acid rain KW - photochemicals KW - coatings KW - paints KW - pollution effects KW - smog KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16578553?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=JCT+Journal+of+Coatings+Technology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+acidic+deposition+on+paint%3A+A+chamber+study.&rft.au=Spence%2C+J+W%3BLemmons%2C+T+J%3BHou%2C+Y%3BSchadt%2C+R+J%3BFornes%2C+R+E%3BGilbert%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Spence&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=823&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=JCT+Journal+of+Coatings+Technology&rft.issn=03618773&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; pollution effects; paints; coatings; physicochemical properties; smog; simulation; photochemicals; air pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modifying operations under CAA permitting and new source review requirements. AN - 16578463; 2993866 AB - The operating permit requirements contained in Title V of the Clean Air Act not only have the potential to impose new regulatory requirements on sources of air emissions that have hitherto been unregulated, they also raise significant questions as to the relationship between those requirements and the requirements of the New Source Review program. The potential overlap between Title V requirements and NSR requirements is particularly important for sources that plan to modify their operations. This article examines the principal features of Title V and NSR for sources pursuing modifications, and recommends that these sources consider obtaining flexible permits, designing a facilitywide emissions cap, or converting themselves into "synthetic minor" sources, in order to avoid potential regulatory redundancies. JF - J. ENVIRON. PERMITTING. AU - Poffenberger, C G AU - Roady, SE AD - Off. Air Qual. Plann. and Standards, EPA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 485 EP - 499 VL - 2 IS - 4 SN - 1058-1367, 1058-1367 KW - Title V KW - New Source Review KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Clean Air Act KW - legislation KW - air pollution control KW - permits KW - emission control KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16578463?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+ENVIRON.+PERMITTING.&rft.atitle=Modifying+operations+under+CAA+permitting+and+new+source+review+requirements.&rft.au=Poffenberger%2C+C+G%3BRoady%2C+SE&rft.aulast=Poffenberger&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=485&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+ENVIRON.+PERMITTING.&rft.issn=10581367&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clean Air Act; permits; air pollution control; emission control; legislation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - FFERDC interim report sets landmark approach for federal facility cleanup. AN - 16576412; 3003541 AB - Imagine the day when a base commander no longer fears the wrath of the community and contentious negotiations over a congressional budget cut that affects important environmental restoration activities. Imagine the day when local citizens no longer complain to the press about government coverups when a new source of contamination is discovered. These are among the scenarios contemplated by a federal advisory committee that released its Interim Report on April 20, 1993. The Federal Facilities Environmental Restoration Dialogue Committee's report outlines a blueprint for transforming the way stakeholders participate in government cleanup programs. By presenting some of the failures and successes of current programs, the report offers a roadmap for restructuring the relationship between government agencies and the citizens affected by government pollution. JF - Federal Facilities Environmental Journal AU - Morgan, NI AD - EPA's Strategic Plann. and Prev. Div., Off. Fed. Facilities Enforce. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 121 EP - 134 VL - 4 IS - 2 SN - 1048-4078, 1048-4078 KW - FFERDC Report KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - public concern KW - federal programs KW - environmental restoration KW - economics KW - cleaning process KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16576412?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Federal+Facilities+Environmental+Journal&rft.atitle=FFERDC+interim+report+sets+landmark+approach+for+federal+facility+cleanup.&rft.au=Morgan%2C+NI&rft.aulast=Morgan&rft.aufirst=NI&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Federal+Facilities+Environmental+Journal&rft.issn=10484078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - federal programs; environmental restoration; cleaning process; public concern; economics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Downwind drift and deposition of malathion on human targets from ground ultra-low volume mosquito sprays. AN - 16575573; 3008300 AB - Malathion was sprayed using a truck-mounted ultra-low volume (ULV) aerosol generator. The generator was operated at 41.4 kPa (6 psi) at flow rate of 128 ml (4.3 fl. oz.) per min. Malathion concentrations were measured at selected positions on live, stationary human subjects wearing protective clothing and placed along a transect at right angles to the path of the truck. Two standing subjects were exposed downwind to the malathion spray at 7.6 and 15.2 m. A third subject was exposed while jogging in the same direction as the spray vehicle and 1.5 m from the spray path. No significant differences (P > 0.05) in total amount of malathion deposited on subjects was demonstrated. During the last 4 sprays, average amounts of malathion deposited on ground level at 15.2, 30.4 and 91.2 m were not significantly different (P > 0.05). Malathion dermal residues were compared with the acute LD sub(50) value (4,100 mg/kg) for a 70 kg adult male. Calculated malathion dermal exposures were less than the acute lethal dose for a human subject by 4 orders-of-magnitude or more. JF - Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association AU - Moore, J C AU - Dukes, J C AU - Clark, J R AU - Malone, J AU - Hallmon, C F AU - Hester, P G AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Sabine Isl., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 138 EP - 142 VL - 9 IS - 2 SN - 8756-971X, 8756-971X KW - malathion KW - humans KW - pesticides (organophosphorus) KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - exposure KW - USA, Florida KW - pesticide residues KW - Culicidae KW - Diptera KW - Z 05206:Medical & veterinary entomology KW - X 24136:Environmental impact UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16575573?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Mosquito+Control+Association&rft.atitle=Downwind+drift+and+deposition+of+malathion+on+human+targets+from+ground+ultra-low+volume+mosquito+sprays.&rft.au=Moore%2C+J+C%3BDukes%2C+J+C%3BClark%2C+J+R%3BMalone%2C+J%3BHallmon%2C+C+F%3BHester%2C+P+G&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=138&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Mosquito+Control+Association&rft.issn=8756971X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diptera; Culicidae; USA, Florida; exposure; pesticide residues ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Delaney clause dilemma. AN - 16544861; 2970315 AB - On July 8, 1992, a federal appeals court made a decision in Les v. Reilly that has unfortunate implications for pesticide decision-making and food-safety policy in the United States. Specifically, the court ruled that EPA may not allow any level of pesticide residues in processed food greater than the level permitted in the raw food if the pesticide presents any carcinogenic risk, however negligible. This decision was based on a strict interpretation of a provision of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) that was enacted in 1958 and has come to be called the "Delaney clause" after its Congressional sponsor. JF - EPA Journal AU - Kimm, V J AD - EPA's Off. Pollut. Prev., Pesticides, and Toxic Substances, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 39 EP - 41 VL - 19 IS - 1 KW - Delaney clause KW - Risk Abstracts KW - USA KW - carcinogenesis KW - litigation KW - federal regulations KW - pesticides KW - R2 23090:Policy and planning UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16544861?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Delaney+clause+dilemma.&rft.au=Kimm%2C+V+J&rft.aulast=Kimm&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2012-02-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; litigation; pesticides; carcinogenesis; federal regulations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation of aerosol, deposition in extrathoracic and laryngeal passages of the laboratory rat. AN - 16533793; 48119 AB - Laboratory animals are used as human surrogates for inhalation exposures with toxicology and aerosol therapy applications. The data are then extrapolated to human conditions. However, before inhaled particles can enter the lung they must penetrate the upstream extrathoracic (ET) and laryngeal (L) airways. Only a paucity of data exist which quantitate factors affecting aerosol deposition in the ET and L regions of laboratory animals. We have examined data from the literature, sought commonality and analysed the findings from the perspective of deposition. Herein, we have accomplished the following tasks for the rat, the most commonly-used experimental animal. (1) For ultrafine aerosols ( 1 mu m) particles. When this information is coupled with human data (Mortonen and Zhang, 1992, J. Aerosol Sci. 23, 667 674) future animal experiments can be performed with extrapolation in mind for the improvement of risk assessment protocols and pharmaceutical regimens. JF - Journal of Aerosol Science AU - Martonen, T B AU - Yang, Y AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 103 EP - 113 VL - 24 IS - 1 SN - 0021-8502, 0021-8502 KW - Aerosol deposition simulation KW - Drug products KW - Experiments KW - Extrathoracic passages KW - Laboratory rat experiments KW - Laryngeal passages KW - Pharmacology KW - Respiratory mechanics KW - Risk assessment protocols KW - Toxicology KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Mathematical models KW - Deposition KW - Toxicity KW - W4 802.3:CHEMICAL OPERATIONS KW - W4 461:BIOENGINEERING KW - W4 804:CHEMICAL PRODUCTS GENERALLY KW - W4 921:APPLIED MATHEMATICS KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16533793?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Aerosol+Science&rft.atitle=Simulation+of+aerosol%2C+deposition+in+extrathoracic+and+laryngeal+passages+of+the+laboratory+rat.&rft.au=Martonen%2C+T+B%3BYang%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Martonen&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Aerosol+Science&rft.issn=00218502&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Mathematical models; Deposition; Toxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Update on noncancer assessments. AN - 16531083; 2969265 AB - Health risk assessment is an integral part of making regulatory or risk management decisions. Risk assessment combines an evaluation of the health effects data with the human exposure estimates to determine the potential risk to humans of exposure to a chemical substance. The evaluation of health effects is usually based on the results of laboratory tests, but may also be amplified as much as a million-fold. This allows detailed and complex investigations to be performed on the genetic changes that the DNA has undergone, including changes in specific protooncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. JF - EPA Journal AU - Dellarco, V L AU - Kimmel, CA AD - Genet. Toxicol., Assessment Branch, EPA Office Health and Environ. Assessment, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 30 EP - 32 VL - 19 IS - 1 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - neurotoxicity KW - pollution effects KW - chemical pollution KW - environmental health KW - public health KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - H SM6.8.2:CHEMICALS (CORROSION) KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16531083?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Update+on+noncancer+assessments.&rft.au=Dellarco%2C+V+L%3BKimmel%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Dellarco&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=30&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2012-02-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - public health; environmental health; chemical pollution; neurotoxicity; pollution effects ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimate of global methane emissions from coal mines. AN - 16528008; 2955023 AB - Country-specific emissions of methane (CH sub(4)) from underground coal mines, surface coal mines, and coal crushing and transport operations are estimated for 1989. Emissions for individual countries are estimated by using two sets of regression equations (R super(2) values range from 0.56 to 0.71). The first set is used to estimate the CH sub(4) content of coals in selected countries based on country-specific coal depth and other relevant parameters. The second equation relates this CH sub(4) content and the country's coal production rate to the emissions from coal mining operations. The regression equations developed in this study rely on documented relationships which exist between mine emissions, coalbed CH sub(4) content, coal production rate, and other coal properties. Only those independent variables which could be included at 95 percent confidence or greater were retained in the regression equations. JF - Chemosphere AU - Kirchgessner, DA AU - Piccot, S D AU - Winkler, J D AD - U.S. EPA, Air and Energy Eng. Res. Lab., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 453 EP - 472 VL - 26 IS - 1-4 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - atmosphere KW - emissions KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - mining KW - methane KW - statistical analysis KW - air pollution KW - coal KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - Q5 08501:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16528008?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Estimate+of+global+methane+emissions+from+coal+mines.&rft.au=Kirchgessner%2C+DA%3BPiccot%2C+S+D%3BWinkler%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Kirchgessner&rft.aufirst=DA&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=453&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mining; methane; coal; statistical analysis; air pollution; emissions; atmosphere ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new frontier in understanding the mechanisms of developmental abnormalities. AN - 16522395; 2964504 AB - Recent advancements in molecular developmental biology afford an opportunity to apply newly developed tools for understanding the mechanisms of both normal and abnormal development. Although a number of agents have been identified as causing developmental abnormalities, our knowledge of the mechanism by which these alterations occur is minimal. This paper reviews some of the important issues in this area that may lead to understanding the basic developmental processes and mechanisms by which toxic agents may interfere with these processes. Approximately 70% of developmental defects are of unknown etiology. Historically, it has been assumed that these defects were most likely to be induced by exposure to chemical or physical agents during organogenesis. There is now convincing evidence that exposure during preorganogenesis developmental stages to certain agents can also lead to fetal abnormalities as a result of direct damage to the exposed early conceptus. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Kimmel, CA AU - Generoso, WM AU - Thomas, R D AU - Bakshi, K S AD - Reprod. and Dev. Toxicol. Branch, Off. Health and Environ. Assess., U.S. EPA, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 159 EP - 165 VL - 119 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - abnormalities KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - teratogens KW - reviews KW - development KW - mechanisms KW - X 24250:Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16522395?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=A+new+frontier+in+understanding+the+mechanisms+of+developmental+abnormalities.&rft.au=Kimmel%2C+CA%3BGeneroso%2C+WM%3BThomas%2C+R+D%3BBakshi%2C+K+S&rft.aulast=Kimmel&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - development; mechanisms; reviews; teratogens ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of ultraviolet-B radiation on primary production along latitudinal transects in the South Pacific Ocean. AN - 16522198; 2961094 AB - Ambient intensities of solar ultraviolet radiation inhibit photosynthesis in the upper layers of the oceans. In this study the effect of ultraviolet-B radiation (UVBR) (290-320 nm) on marine phytoplankton carbon fixation during two latitudinal transects through the South Pacific ocean were measured to determine a dose-response model for estimating UVBR effects in natural surface populations and to identify latitudinal variation in UVBR sensitivity. Photoinhibition increased linearly with increasing doses of UVBR as weighted by the DNA action spectrum, with no apparent threshold for effect. The dose-rate response was nearly constant at low latitudes but varied at higher latitudes. Ambient intensities of UVBR cause photoinhibition and it is likely that even small increase in surface UVBR will cause additional photodamage. A quantitative estimate of the long-term effect of UVBR on marine phytoplankton, however, cannot be made from short-term measurements of photoinhibition since factors such as vertical mixing, photorepair, and photoadaptation will modify the final expression of UVBR damage. JF - Marine environmental research. London AU - Behrenfeld, M AU - Hardy, J AU - Gucinski, H AU - Hanneman, A AU - Lee, H II AU - Wones, A AD - AScI, US EPA Environ. Res. Lab., Newport, OR 97365, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 349 EP - 363 VL - 35 IS - 4 SN - 0141-1136, 0141-1136 KW - carbon fixation KW - U.V. radiation KW - photoinhibition KW - Pacific Ocean, South KW - ultraviolet radiation KW - Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts KW - phytoplankton KW - K 03009:Algae KW - D 04627:Algae/lichens KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16522198?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+environmental+research.+London&rft.atitle=Effects+of+ultraviolet-B+radiation+on+primary+production+along+latitudinal+transects+in+the+South+Pacific+Ocean.&rft.au=Behrenfeld%2C+M%3BHardy%2C+J%3BGucinski%2C+H%3BHanneman%2C+A%3BLee%2C+H+II%3BWones%2C+A&rft.aulast=Behrenfeld&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=349&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+environmental+research.+London&rft.issn=01411136&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - phytoplankton; ultraviolet radiation; carbon fixation; U.V. radiation; photoinhibition ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatially resolved monitoring for volatile organic compounds using remote sector sampling. AN - 16519241; 2956730 AB - Sector sampling for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is conducted within an integrated sampling scheme and relies on a wind direction sensor. The wind sensor directs whole air, sampled at a constant rate, into either an "IN" sector canister or an "OUT" sector canister; when the wind comes from the suspected emissions area, sample is routed into the IN sector canister; otherwise, sample is collected in the OUT sector canister. This method is analogous to "upwind/downwind" sampling but does not require two distinct sites or manual sampler control. For this set of experiments, the IN and OUT sectors were 90 and 270 degree , respectively, and the IN sector was centered on the VOC source. Two sampling sites were used. The first was about 2 miles north-northeast of a group of industrial facilities, and the second was located about 1 mile south-southeast of the same sources. Sites were operated concurrently with one sampler each; a third sampler was rotated between the sites to obtain duplicate samples. The air samples were analysed by gas chromatography for VOCs. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Pleil, J D AU - McClenny, WA AU - Holdren, M W AU - Pollack, A J AU - Oliver, K D AD - U.S. EPA, Atmos. Res. and Exposure Assessment Lab., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 739 EP - 747 VL - 27A IS - 5 SN - 0004-6981, 0004-6981 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - wind KW - gas chromatography KW - volatile organic compounds KW - monitoring methods KW - air sampling KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16519241?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Spatially+resolved+monitoring+for+volatile+organic+compounds+using+remote+sector+sampling.&rft.au=Pleil%2C+J+D%3BMcClenny%2C+WA%3BHoldren%2C+M+W%3BPollack%2C+A+J%3BOliver%2C+K+D&rft.aulast=Pleil&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=27A&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=739&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=00046981&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - volatile organic compounds; air sampling; gas chromatography; wind; monitoring methods ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of filtration and distillation methods for recycling automotive coolant. AN - 16518408; 2952706 AB - This evaluation addresses the product quality, waste reduction, and economic issues involved in recycling automotive and heavy-duty engine coolants at a New Jersey Department of Transportation garage. The specific recycling units evaluated are based on the technologies of filtration and distillation. Results show that the filtration unit evaluated needs improvement to ensure an acceptable quality of the recycled coolant. Distillation results show that this technology provides acceptable product quality and good waste reduction and economic potential. The New Jersey garage could potentially reduce waste from over 8000 gals/yr to approximately 400 gal/yr. The recycled product in the distillation evaluation passed selected ASTM performance tests. Boiling point, freezing point, pH, corrosion resistance, and foam control functions of the coolant were restored to specifications. Chemical characterization of the recycled coolant showed that metals, salts and organic contaminants were either removed or reduced to levels where they posed no significant problems. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Randall, P M AU - Gavaskar, A R AD - Pollut. Prev. Res. Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 463 EP - 468 VL - 43 IS - 4 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - coolants KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - distillation KW - recycling KW - USA, New Jersey KW - motor vehicles KW - waste management KW - filtration KW - economics KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16518408?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+filtration+and+distillation+methods+for+recycling+automotive+coolant.&rft.au=Randall%2C+P+M%3BGavaskar%2C+A+R&rft.aulast=Randall&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=463&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2012-02-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, New Jersey; motor vehicles; recycling; waste management; filtration; distillation; economics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A global methane emissions program for landfills, coal mines, and natural gas systems. AN - 16516312; 2954307 AB - The Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory (AEERL) of EPA's Office of Research and Development has chosen anthropogenic methane emissions as a principal focus in its global climate research program. Three of the major sources are municipal solid waste landfills, coal mines, and natural gas systems. This paper presents the scope and methodology of the AEERL methane emission studies and discloses data accumulated thus far in the program. A major emphasis in the landfill program is measurement of emissions from operating landfills and calculation of country-specific emissions. Landfill methane emissions are not estimated, but factors affecting emissions are discussed and estimates developed by others are provided. For coal mines, existing data collected by other researchers on underground mines are combined with EPA data on emissions from surface mines to provide an estimate of global emissions of 43 Tg/yr. Methane from natural gas production, transmission, and distribution systems is estimated to be 4.4 Tg/yr for the United States. JF - Chemosphere AU - Beck, L L AD - U.S. EPA, Off. Res. and Dev., Air and Energy Eng. Res. Lab., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 447 EP - 452 VL - 26 IS - 1-4 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - atmosphere KW - emissions KW - landfills KW - monitoring measurements KW - municipal solid wastes KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - mining KW - methane KW - natural gas KW - waste disposal sites KW - air pollution KW - climatic changes KW - coal KW - greenhouse effect KW - climate KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - Q5 08501:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16516312?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=A+global+methane+emissions+program+for+landfills%2C+coal+mines%2C+and+natural+gas+systems.&rft.au=Beck%2C+L+L&rft.aulast=Beck&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=447&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mining; methane; natural gas; coal; waste disposal sites; greenhouse effect; climate; climatic changes; air pollution; emissions; municipal solid wastes; landfills; atmosphere ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the bioremediation of a contaminated soil with phytotoxicity tests. AN - 16515925; 2954457 AB - The fungal remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in contaminated soil from a hazardous waste site was evaluated in a pilot-scale treatability study. Higher plants were selected to evaluate the overall reduction in toxicity in the soil after fungal treatment because toxicity of a complex chemical mixture often in not easily measured by chemical analyses and disappearance of parent compounds may not indicate detoxification of the soil. Seed germination tests using soil samples and root elongation tests using soil eluates were conducted with three different species (lettuce, oat, and millet) before and after treatment. Phytotoxicity tests revealed significant detoxification of the soil after treatment with a good correlation with parent compound depletion. The seed germination test appeared to be more sensitive than the root elongation test, suggesting that the toxic compounds were not easily extracted from the soil to the aqueous solution. This study indicates that phytotoxicity tests have good potential to be used as an environmental tool to assess the efficacy of a remediation technology for site clean-up. JF - Chemosphere AU - Baud-Grasset, F AU - Baud-Grasset, S AU - Safferman, SI AD - Risk Reduction Eng. Lab., U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 1365 EP - 1374 VL - 26 IS - 7 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - bioremediation KW - cleaning process KW - soil remediation KW - fungi KW - detoxification KW - phytotoxicity KW - hazardous wastes KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - disposal sites KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16515925?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+bioremediation+of+a+contaminated+soil+with+phytotoxicity+tests.&rft.au=Baud-Grasset%2C+F%3BBaud-Grasset%2C+S%3BSafferman%2C+SI&rft.aulast=Baud-Grasset&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1365&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - soil remediation; cleaning process; phytotoxicity; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; detoxification; hazardous wastes; disposal sites; bioremediation; fungi ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Review of development and application of CRSTER and MPTER models. AN - 16513159; 2952876 AB - The CRSTER and MPTER computer codes are two of many air quality dispersion models recommended for use in a regulatory context by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. CRSTER and MPTER are generally applicable to tall stack sources, such as coal-fired electrical utility power plants located in flat or gently rolling terrain. This paper briefly reviews the developmental history, formulation, operation and application of the CRSTER and MPTER models. Also reviewed are performance evaluation studies which have included these two models. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of future directions for regulatory modeling of tall stack sources. JF - Atmospheric Environment: Part B: Urban Atmosphere AU - Wilson, R B AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 10, 1200 Sixth Ave. (ES-097), Seattle, WA 98101-3188, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 41 EP - 57 VL - 27B IS - 1 SN - 0957-1272, 0957-1272 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - pollution monitoring KW - computer applications KW - stacks KW - air quality KW - EPA KW - pollution dispersion KW - federal regulations KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16513159?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment%3A+Part+B%3A+Urban+Atmosphere&rft.atitle=Review+of+development+and+application+of+CRSTER+and+MPTER+models.&rft.au=Wilson%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=27B&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment%3A+Part+B%3A+Urban+Atmosphere&rft.issn=09571272&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2012-02-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computer applications; EPA; federal regulations; air quality; pollution dispersion; stacks; pollution monitoring ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A review of the development and application of the Urban Airshed Model. AN - 16512028; 2952877 AB - This paper describes the Urban Airshed Model (UAM) and provides an overview of the history of the model's conception and development, a list of the applications to date, a summary of the model's technical formulation and a description of model inputs and outputs. The Urban Airshed Model is the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) preferred tool for developing ozone air quality plans for urban areas. JF - Atmospheric Environment: Part B: Urban Atmosphere AU - Scheffe, R D AU - Morris, R E AD - Office Air Qual. Plann. and Stand., U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Durham, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 23 EP - 39 VL - 27B IS - 1 SN - 0957-1272, 0957-1272 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - air quality KW - ozone KW - USA KW - urban areas KW - mathematical models KW - pollution dispersion KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16512028?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment%3A+Part+B%3A+Urban+Atmosphere&rft.atitle=A+review+of+the+development+and+application+of+the+Urban+Airshed+Model.&rft.au=Scheffe%2C+R+D%3BMorris%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Scheffe&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=27B&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment%3A+Part+B%3A+Urban+Atmosphere&rft.issn=09571272&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2012-02-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; urban areas; air quality; ozone; pollution dispersion; mathematical models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Partitioning of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in the seawater of New Bedford Harbor, Massachusetts. AN - 16510168; 2952996 AB - The partitioning of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) between particulate and dissolved phases of seawater was examined along a concentration gradient in New Bedford Harbor, MA. Regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between the log of the partition coefficients (K sub(p)) and the log of the octanol/water partition coefficients (K sub(ow)) for six PCB congeners at four stations. A seasonal trend (i.e., summer-winter) in partitioning was observed. Log K sub(p) was inversely correlated with temperature and to a lesser extent with total suspended solids (TSS) at each station. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Bergen, B J AD - Sci. Applic. Intl. Corp., c/o U.S. EPA, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 938 EP - 942 VL - 27 IS - 5 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - ANW, USA, Massachusetts, New Bedford Harbor, PCB KW - PCB KW - PCB compounds KW - USA, Massachusetts, New Bedford Harbor KW - chemical pollutants KW - seawater KW - temperature effects KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - chemical analysis KW - suspended particulate matter KW - marine pollution KW - temperature KW - particulates KW - seasonal variations KW - chemical speciation KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16510168?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Partitioning+of+polychlorinated+biphenyl+congeners+in+the+seawater+of+New+Bedford+Harbor%2C+Massachusetts.&rft.au=Bergen%2C+B+J&rft.aulast=Bergen&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=938&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical pollutants; chemical analysis; suspended particulate matter; marine pollution; chemical speciation; temperature effects; seasonal variations; PCB; particulates; temperature; seawater; PCB compounds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Community exposure to a paraquat drift. AN - 16509249; 2953270 AB - A mixture of paraquat and water was applied, by helicopter, to agricultural fields near a residential community and near an associated commercial complex. Drift from the application passed directly over the community, which resulted in resident complaints to the local agricultural department. A community survey was undertaken to determine what health consequences, if any, resulted from the drift. A comparison of 2-wk self-reported symptom rates between the exposed community and three historical control communities indicated that 10 symptoms were elevated significantly at p < .05: cough, diarrhea, eye irritation, headache, nausea, rhinitis, throat irritation, trouble breathing, unusual tiredness, and wheezing. An internal comparison, which predicted symptom rates by an index of paraquat exposure (smelling an unusual odor in the prior 2-wk period), indicated fever and nausea to have elevated relative risks. Odor perception also predicted the report of a greater than the average number of symptoms. Based upon these findings, it was concluded that these residents probably did experience an increase in health symptoms from the drift. JF - Archives of Environmental Health AU - Ames, R G AU - Howd, R A AU - Doherty, L AD - California EPA, Off. Environ. Health Hazard Assess., Pesticide Environ. Toxicol. Sect., 2151 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 47 EP - 52 VL - 48 IS - 1 SN - 0003-9896, 0003-9896 KW - paraquat KW - spraying KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - inhalation KW - herbicides KW - agriculture KW - public health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24136:Environmental impact KW - H SE5.22:HERBICIDES UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16509249?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Community+exposure+to+a+paraquat+drift.&rft.au=Ames%2C+R+G%3BHowd%2C+R+A%3BDoherty%2C+L&rft.aulast=Ames&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00039896&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2012-02-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - herbicides; paraquat; public health; inhalation; agriculture; spraying ER - TY - CONF T1 - Health effects associated with ozone and nitrogen dioxide exposure. AN - 16508676; 2948807 AB - Of the oxidants and nitrogenous compounds found in ambient air, O sub(3) and NO sub(2) are among those most thoroughly investigated. Large health data bases have been compiled in air quality criteria documents, which serve as the basis for review of primary (health) national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) for each pollutant. When comparisons can be made, O sub(3) is generally more toxic than other photochemical oxidant species at or near ambient levels, although NO sub(2) does not appear to be of more concern with respect to carcinogenesis. Public health effects of concern for O sub(3) range from acute symptoms (e.g. cough) and decreased lung function to persistent functional changes and permanent scarring of lung tissue, a possible precursor to chronic lung disease. Impairment of immune defenses and increased susceptibility to lung infection have also been associated with O sub(3) exposure. Populations at greatest risk include exercising healthy persons, children, and those with preexisting lung disease. Nitrogen dioxide exhibits similar health effects but at higher concentrations. Health effects data for O sub(3) and NO sub(2) are under consideration in the current review of both primary NAAQS. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - McKee, D J AU - Rodriguez, R M Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 11 EP - 35 VL - 67 IS - 1-2 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - air pollution KW - ozone KW - pollution effects KW - nitrogen dioxide KW - public health KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16508676?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Health+effects+associated+with+ozone+and+nitrogen+dioxide+exposure.&rft.au=McKee%2C+D+J%3BRodriguez%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=McKee&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2012-02-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrolysis kinetics of Reactive Blue 19-Vinyl Sulfone. AN - 16504270; 2954190 AB - The hydrolysis kinetics of Reactive Blue 19-Vinyl Sulfone (RB 19-VS) were studied in phosphate buffer over a pH range of 4-11 and a temperature range of 25-85 degree C. The hydrolysis of RB 19-VS is base-mediated and leads to quantitative formation of the 2-hydroxyethylsulfone (RB 19-OH). The half-life for RB 19-VS at pH = 7.0 at 25 degree C was calculated to be 46 years. JF - Water Research AU - Weber, E J AU - Stickney, V C AD - Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, College Station Rd., Athens, GA 30613, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 63 EP - 67 VL - 27 IS - 1 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - Reactive Blue 19-Vinyl Sulfone KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - textile industry wastes KW - wastewater treatment KW - environmental impact KW - hydrolysis KW - kinetics KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16504270?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research&rft.atitle=Hydrolysis+kinetics+of+Reactive+Blue+19-Vinyl+Sulfone.&rft.au=Weber%2C+E+J%3BStickney%2C+V+C&rft.aulast=Weber&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - wastewater treatment; environmental impact; textile industry wastes; hydrolysis; kinetics ER - TY - CONF T1 - Regulatory options under the U.S. Clean Air Act: The federal view. AN - 16501797; 2950016 AB - This paper documents the evolution of Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) policy concerning the relative roles that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and oxides of nitrogen (NO sub(x)) emissions play in ozone nonattainment planning for State implementation plans (SIPs). It further discusses possible new control requirements, including NO sub(x) measures, that may be required as a result of pending Clean Air Act Amendments. In Clean Air Act Amendments currently being debated in the House and Senate, there is an uncertainty with regard to the role of NO sub(x) controls. Possibilities under consideration range from the application of reasonably available control technology for 100 ton sources of NO sub(x) to a clean fuel motor vehicle program within 42 months of enactment. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Helms, G T AU - Vitas, J B AU - Nikbakht, P A Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 207 EP - 216 VL - 67 IS - 1-2 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Clean Air Act KW - EPA KW - USA KW - volatile organic compounds KW - air pollution control KW - nitrogen oxides KW - federal regulations KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16501797?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Regulatory+options+under+the+U.S.+Clean+Air+Act%3A+The+federal+view.&rft.au=Helms%2C+G+T%3BVitas%2C+J+B%3BNikbakht%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Helms&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2012-02-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Great Lakes river-estuary hydrodynamics finite element model. AN - 16500918; 2951484 AB - Chen and Lee (1991) are complimented for addressing water-quality problems in Green Bay, WI Lower Green Bay and the Fox River suffer from eutrophication and PCB-contaminated sediments. Violations of the dissolved oxygen (DO) standard (5 mg/L) occur in the navigation channel in lower Green Bay and the Fox River. Dissolved polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations violate standards over wide areas of Green Bay and the Fox River. Extensive areas have PCB-contaminated sediments. Unfortunately, the proposed model does not address the major water-quality issues in Green Bay and may not be useful as a general-purpose model. A depth-averaged model is not adequate to determine cause and effect during the stratified conditions that exist in the navigation channel when low DO events occur. The resuspension of contaminated sediments is not adequately addressed with a depth-averaged model. The management of dredged materials requires site-specific models, not general-purpose models. JF - Journal of Hydraulic Engineering AU - McCutcheon, S C AD - Environ. Eng., U.S. EPA Environ. Res. Lab., 960 College Station Rd., Athens, GA 30613, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 292 EP - 295 VL - 119 IS - 2 SN - 0733-9429, 0733-9429 KW - USA, Wisconsin, Michigan L., Green Bay KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - water quality KW - dredging KW - dissolved oxygen KW - stratification KW - eutrophication KW - estuarine dynamics KW - modelling KW - pollution effects KW - Freshwater KW - resuspended sediments KW - PCB KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - Q2 09384:Dredging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16500918?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydraulic+Engineering&rft.atitle=Great+Lakes+river-estuary+hydrodynamics+finite+element+model.&rft.au=McCutcheon%2C+S+C&rft.aulast=McCutcheon&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=292&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydraulic+Engineering&rft.issn=07339429&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - dredging; water quality; stratification; dissolved oxygen; eutrophication; estuarine dynamics; pollution effects; modelling; resuspended sediments; PCB; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Grazing and the distribution of sediment particle sizes in artificial stream systems. AN - 16496324; 2941588 AB - Recent research has shown that grazing by the algivorous minnows of the genus Campostoma can have a significant effect on both structural and functional parameters in stream ecosystems, influencing algal height and type, primary productivity, carbon dynamics, bacterial biomass and the size fractionation of benthic organic matter. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of minnow grazing on benthic particulate organic matter (BPOM) under the controlled conditions available in experimental streams. For this study, four grazed and four ungrazed artificial streams were sampled for BPOM on two dates. The samples were partitioned into large, medium, fine and ultrafine fractions via wet filtration. Fish grazed systems had significantly larger percentages of the fine fraction and significantly smaller percentages of the ultrafine fraction. The ability of grazers to alter particle size distribution is important to overall stream organic matter dynamics because recent studies have shown the importance of particle size in determining bacterial numbers and activity, which in turn influence fundamental stream process like respiration and organic carbon dynamics. JF - Hydrobiologia AU - Gardner, T J AD - U.S. EPA, Region 6, Dallas, TX 75202-2733, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 127 EP - 132 VL - 252 IS - 2 SN - 0018-8158, 0018-8158 KW - Campostoma KW - freshwater ecology KW - freshwater fish KW - sediment properties KW - streams KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - particle size KW - grazing KW - Freshwater KW - rivers KW - ecosystem management KW - bacteria KW - particulate organic matter KW - Q2 09185:Organic compounds KW - Q1 08482:Ecosystems and energetics KW - D 04630:Bryophytes/pteridophytes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16496324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrobiologia&rft.atitle=Grazing+and+the+distribution+of+sediment+particle+sizes+in+artificial+stream+systems.&rft.au=Gardner%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Gardner&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=252&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrobiologia&rft.issn=00188158&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - particle size; freshwater ecology; grazing; freshwater fish; ecosystem management; bacteria; particulate organic matter; rivers; sediment properties; streams; Campostoma; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New approaches to estimation of solid-waste quantity and composition. AN - 16494432; 2942280 AB - Efficient and statistically sound sampling protocols for estimating the quantity and composition of solid waste over a stated period of time in a given location, such as a landfill site or at a specific point in an industrial or commercial process, are essential to the design of resource-recovery systems and waste minimization programs, and to the estimation of the life of landfills and the pollution burden on the land posed by the generation of solid wastes. Unfortunately, traditional sampling plans are ill-suited for the estimation of the quantity or composition of solid waste. The theory developed in this study takes an approach significantly different from the more traditional sampling plans, resulting in lower costs and more accurate and precise estimates of these critical entities. A desktop computer program, called PROTOCOL, has also been developed to perform the calculations required. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Klee, A J AD - Waste Minimiz., Destruct. and Disposal Res. Div., Risk Reduction Eng. Res. Lab., US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 248 EP - 261 VL - 119 IS - 2 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - computer programmes KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - waste management KW - solid wastes KW - landfills KW - statistical analysis KW - sampling methods KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16494432?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=New+approaches+to+estimation+of+solid-waste+quantity+and+composition.&rft.au=Klee%2C+A+J&rft.aulast=Klee&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=248&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - solid wastes; sampling methods; waste management; landfills; statistical analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ozone-enhanced pulmonary infection with Streptococcus zooepidemicus in mice. The role of alveolar macrophage function and capsular virulence factors. AN - 16492246; 2943105 AB - Ozone exposure has been shown to increase the susceptibility of mice to pulmonary bacterial infection. We report here the differences in susceptibility of two strains of mice (C3H/HeJ and C57Bl/6) to pulmonary challenge with Streptococcus zooepidemicus , and demonstrate an association between O sub(3) exposure, reduced alveolar macrophage (AM) function, and increased mortality to infection. In vitro assays confirmed that the encapsulated isolates prevented binding of the bacteria to AM, and reinfection of nonexposed mice with the encapsulated isolate resulted in increased mortality compared with infection with similar numbers of the original unencapsulated bacteria. We have demonstrated that O sub(3) inhalation impairs AM activity in the lung. The streptococci are then able to proliferate and more fully express virulence factors, in particular, the antiphagocytic capsule, which prohibits the ingestion of bacteria by pulmonary phagocytes and leads to increased severity of infection. JF - American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine AU - Gilmour, MI AU - Park, P AU - Selgrade, M K AD - Health Eff. Res. Lab., MD 92, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 753 EP - 760 VL - 147 IS - 3 SN - 0003-0805, 0003-0805 KW - Streptococcus zooepidemicus KW - ozone KW - mice KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - response KW - regulation KW - infection KW - macrophages KW - F 06801:Bacteria KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms KW - F 06764:Function UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16492246?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Respiratory+and+Critical+Care+Medicine&rft.atitle=Ozone-enhanced+pulmonary+infection+with+Streptococcus+zooepidemicus+in+mice.+The+role+of+alveolar+macrophage+function+and+capsular+virulence+factors.&rft.au=Gilmour%2C+MI%3BPark%2C+P%3BSelgrade%2C+M+K&rft.aulast=Gilmour&rft.aufirst=MI&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=147&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=753&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Respiratory+and+Critical+Care+Medicine&rft.issn=00030805&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - infection; regulation; macrophages; response ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute methanol toxicity in minipigs. AN - 16481474; 2932761 AB - The pig has been proposed as a potential animal model for methanol-induced neuro-ocular toxicosis in humans because of its low liver tetrahydrofolate levels and slower rate of formate metabolism compared to those of humans. To examine the validity of this animal model, 12 4-month-old female minipigs (minipig YU) were given a single oral dose of water or methanol at 1.0, 2.5 or 5.0 g/kg body wt by gavage (n = 3 pigs/dose). Dose-dependent signs of acute methanol intoxication, which included mild CNS depression, tremors, ataxia, and recumbency, developed within 0.5 to 2.0 hr, and resolved by 52 hr. Average maximum methanol concentrations in plasma, of 3100 (SD) 6200, and 15,200 mu g/ml were reached within 0.5 to 4 hr following methanol administration in animals given 1.0, 2.5 or 5.0 g methanol/kg, respectively. The mean initial elimination half-lives of methanol were 9.0, 22.4, and 18.9 hr, for 1, 2.5, and 5.0 g/kg doses, respectively. JF - Fundamental and Applied Toxicology AU - Dorman, D C AU - Dye, JA AU - Nassise, M P AU - Ekuta, J AU - Bolon, B AU - Medinsky, MA AD - Chem. Ind. Inst. Toxicol., U.S. EPA, Research Triange Park, NC 27709, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 341 EP - 347 VL - 20 IS - 3 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - methanol KW - pigs KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - acute toxicity KW - X 24151:Acute exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16481474?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Acute+methanol+toxicity+in+minipigs.&rft.au=Dorman%2C+D+C%3BDye%2C+JA%3BNassise%2C+M+P%3BEkuta%2C+J%3BBolon%2C+B%3BMedinsky%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Dorman&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=341&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2012-02-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acute toxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reproductive and thyroid effects of low-level polychlorinated biphenyl (Aroclor 1254) exposure. AN - 16478379; 2933394 AB - As little information is available on the adverse effects of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on the reproductive system of the male rat, the current study was conducted to evaluate the effects of subchronic administration of the PCB mixture Aroclor 1254 on testicular gamete production and endocrine function. The thyroid hormone thyroxine (T4), which is critical for reproduction and development, was also measured because of the well-documented effects of PCBs on this hormone. In the high-dose group, body, seminal vesicle, cauda epididymal, and pituitary weights were depressed at 10 and 15 weeks and cauda epididymal sperm numbers were reduced after 15 weeks of dosing. In contrast, testes weights, testicular sperm numbers, sperm motility, and serum and testicular testosterone levels were unaffected, even in the highest dose group (25 mg/kg/day). Aroclor 1254 administration produced histological alterations in the liver and kidney at doses of 1.0 mg/kg/day and above. JF - Fundamental and Applied Toxicology AU - Gray, LE Jr AU - Ostby, J AU - Marshall, R AU - Andrews, J AD - Reprod. and Perinatal Toxicol. Branches, DTD, HERL, MD-72, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 288 EP - 294 VL - 20 IS - 3 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - PCB KW - rats KW - Aroclor 1254 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - thyroid KW - reproduction KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16478379?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Reproductive+and+thyroid+effects+of+low-level+polychlorinated+biphenyl+%28Aroclor+1254%29+exposure.&rft.au=Gray%2C+LE+Jr%3BOstby%2C+J%3BMarshall%2C+R%3BAndrews%2C+J&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=LE&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=288&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2012-02-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - reproduction; thyroid ER - TY - CONF T1 - U.S. standards for air sampling of environmental contaminants: Current basis and future options. AN - 16469522; 2927156 AB - In the 1970s, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) used the traditional "control with enforcement" method in addressing exposures of the U.S. urban population to carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, ozone, lead, and particles. A different approach will be used to implement the hazardous air pollutant regulations required by the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. This article discusses the two approaches and then describes five emerging issues: aerosol acidity, enhanced ozone monitoring, development of simple-to-operate and inexpensive air pollutant monitoring systems, indoor air pollution, and continuous measurement of stack gas flow rate. The areas in which suppliers of pollutant control systems and pollutant measurement systems can help EPA address these issues are also discussed. JF - Applied Occupational & Environmental Hygiene AU - Mitchell, W J Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 239 EP - 242 VL - 8 IS - 4 KW - sulphur dioxide KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - lead KW - particulates KW - ozone KW - federal regulations KW - urban areas KW - air pollution measurements KW - standards KW - USA KW - nitrogen dioxide KW - public health KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16469522?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Occupational+%26+Environmental+Hygiene&rft.atitle=U.S.+standards+for+air+sampling+of+environmental+contaminants%3A+Current+basis+and+future+options.&rft.au=Mitchell%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Mitchell&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Occupational+%26+Environmental+Hygiene&rft.issn=1047322X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Availability and uptake of inorganic nitrogen in a mixed old-growth coniferous forest. AN - 16463670; 2924179 AB - Old-growth forest stands of mixed species composition provide the opportunity to study species-specific influences on soil properties. We monitored rates of nitrogen mineralization, nitrification and an index of ammonium and nitrate uptake in a mixed old-growth stand of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii ), western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla ) and western redcedar (Thuja plicata ) over a two-year period. Litter and mineral soil (0-10-cm depth) were sampled adjacent to ten large trees of each species. After initial characterization of litter and soil, buried bags were incubated in both layers for ca. 2-month intervals. Soil and litter pH was lowest near western hemlocks. Nitrification, nitrate concentrations, and percent uptake as nitrate differed among the tree species; rates were highest near western redcedars. For all species, percent nitrification and nitrate uptake rate were higher in soil than in litter. The results indicate species-specific effects on ammonium and nitrate production and uptake within this forest type. JF - Plant and Soil AU - Turner, D P AU - Sollins, P AU - Leuking, M AU - Rudd, N AD - US EPA Environ. Res. Lab., 200 S.W. 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 163 EP - 174 VL - 148 IS - 2 SN - 0032-079X, 0032-079X KW - Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - nutrient availability KW - Thuja plicata KW - soil analysis KW - nitrogen cycle KW - soil properties KW - nutrient uptake KW - forest floor KW - litter KW - Pseudotsuga menziesii KW - USA, Oregon KW - Tsuga heterophylla KW - A 01051:Nitrogen cycle KW - A 01044:General KW - D 04600:Soil UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16463670?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+and+Soil&rft.atitle=Availability+and+uptake+of+inorganic+nitrogen+in+a+mixed+old-growth+coniferous+forest.&rft.au=Turner%2C+D+P%3BSollins%2C+P%3BLeuking%2C+M%3BRudd%2C+N&rft.aulast=Turner&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=148&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+and+Soil&rft.issn=0032079X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pseudotsuga menziesii; Tsuga heterophylla; Thuja plicata; USA, Oregon; forest floor; litter; soil analysis; nitrogen cycle; soil properties; nutrient availability; nutrient uptake ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA's federal facility program - an insider's perspective. AN - 16458271; 2925793 AB - This article provides an update on the status of EPA's federal facility program. It starts with an overview of EPA's current federal facility program philosophy and a summary of EPA's approach to federal facilities under RCRA and CERCLA. The growth of the federal facility program is then described, along with how EPA has reacted to implement the expanding program. It concludes by outlining the strategic direction the program is taking and supplies a brief description of the major activities EPA has been performing in recent years. JF - Federal Facilities Environmental Journal AU - Woolford, J AD - Program Oper. Div., Off. Fac. Enforcement U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 383 EP - 396 VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 1048-4078, 1048-4078 KW - federal facilities KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - EPA KW - USA KW - federal programs KW - CERCLA KW - environmental protection KW - RCRA KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16458271?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Federal+Facilities+Environmental+Journal&rft.atitle=EPA%27s+federal+facility+program+-+an+insider%27s+perspective.&rft.au=Woolford%2C+J&rft.aulast=Woolford&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=383&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Federal+Facilities+Environmental+Journal&rft.issn=10484078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; EPA; RCRA; CERCLA; federal programs; environmental protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicological assessment of biodegraded pentachlorophenol: Microtox) and fish embryos. AN - 16449337; 2917523 AB - A Gram-negative bacterium, Pseudomonas sp. strain SR3, was isolated from soil at a former wood treatment plant in north central florida. The ability of this bacterium to degrade pentachlorophenol (PCP) was confirmed by growing cells in a basal salts medium in which PCP was the only source of carbon and energy. Microtox) 5 min EC50 toxicity tests revealed that aqueous solution of PCP, measured concentration 39-40 mu g/ml were toxic but that final biodegraded samples, 0.0006 mu g PCP/ml were nontoxic. However, bioassays with embryonic inland silversides, Menidia beryllina , showed that the biodegraded samples were embryotoxic or teratogenic. Water containing added PCP at concentrations up to 30 times higher than measured in the final biodegraded samples was less toxic/teratogenic. These results indicate that while biodegradation of PCP was nearly complete, intermediate metabolites of the degradation process or undegraded impurities in PCP were toxic or teratogenic. Thus, the M. beryllina bioassay allows extremely sensitive assessment of toxicity associated with biodegraded environmental pollutants and may be a useful criterion for determining whether bioremediated water or soil is safe for discharge back into the environment. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Middaugh, D P AU - Resnick, S M AU - Lantz, SE AU - Heard, C S AU - Mueller, J G AD - Environ. Res. Lab. U.S. EPA, Sabine Island, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561-3999, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 165 EP - 172 VL - 24 IS - 2 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - pentachlorophenol KW - toxicity tests KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Menidia beryllina KW - metabolites KW - biodegradation KW - bioassays KW - Pseudomonas KW - Freshwater KW - toxicity KW - pesticides KW - X 24151:Acute exposure KW - A 01063:Utilization KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16449337?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Toxicological+assessment+of+biodegraded+pentachlorophenol%3A+Microtox%29+and+fish+embryos.&rft.au=Middaugh%2C+D+P%3BResnick%2C+S+M%3BLantz%2C+SE%3BHeard%2C+C+S%3BMueller%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=Middaugh&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - metabolites; biodegradation; toxicity; toxicity tests; bioassays; pesticides; Menidia beryllina; Pseudomonas; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Survival differences among freeze-dried genetically engineered and wild-type bacteria. AN - 16447355; 2910707 AB - Because the death mechanisms of freeze-dried and air-dried bacteria are thought to be similar, freeze-drying was used to investigate the survival differences between potentially airborne genetically engineered microorganisms and their wild types. To this end, engineered strains of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas syringae were freeze-dried and exposed to air, visible light, or both. The death rates of all engineered strains were significantly higher than those of their parental strains. Light and air exposure were found to increase the death rates of all strains. Application of death rate models to freeze-dried engineered bacteria to be released into the environment is discussed. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Israeli, E AU - Shaffer, B T AU - Hoyt, JA AU - Lighthart, B AU - Ganio, L M AD - Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 594 EP - 598 VL - 59 IS - 2 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - effects on KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Escherichia coli KW - freeze-drying KW - survival KW - Pseudomonas syringae KW - genetically engineered microorganisms KW - W2 32250:Others KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - D 04620:Microorganisms KW - J 02702:Transport, isolation, selection and enrichment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16447355?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Survival+differences+among+freeze-dried+genetically+engineered+and+wild-type+bacteria.&rft.au=Israeli%2C+E%3BShaffer%2C+B+T%3BHoyt%2C+JA%3BLighthart%2C+B%3BGanio%2C+L+M&rft.aulast=Israeli&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=594&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - freeze-drying; survival; genetically engineered microorganisms; Escherichia coli; Pseudomonas syringae ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A method for quantifying the prediction uncertainties associated with water quality models. AN - 16446358; 2910735 AB - Many environmental regulatory agencies depend, to a large extent, upon the use of models to organize, understand, and utilize the information available for regulatory decision making. In light of the extensive use of environmental models, we developed a general analytical protocol to quantify the prediction error associated with commonly used surface water quality models. The methodology is designed in order to compare water quality models configured to represent different levels of spatial, temporal, and mechanistic complexity. This comparison can be accomplished by fitting the models to a benchmark data set. Once the models are successfully fitted to the benchmark data, the prediction errors associated with each application can be quantified using the Monte Carlo simulation techniques. The application of the protocol using these simulation techniques is described in a companion paper in which comparisons among model uncertainty results are made using the Wilcoxon ranked sum test to determine significant differences. JF - Ecological Modelling AU - Summers, J K AU - Wilson, H T AU - Kou, J AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Sabine Island, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 161 EP - 176 VL - 65 IS - 3-4 SN - 0304-3800, 0304-3800 KW - ecosystem management KW - errors KW - methodology KW - models KW - prediction KW - quantitation KW - water quality control KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - water quality KW - mathematical models KW - Freshwater KW - D 04700:Management KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16446358?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Modelling&rft.atitle=A+method+for+quantifying+the+prediction+uncertainties+associated+with+water+quality+models.&rft.au=Summers%2C+J+K%3BWilson%2C+H+T%3BKou%2C+J&rft.aulast=Summers&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Modelling&rft.issn=03043800&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - models; water quality; errors; ecosystem management; prediction; mathematical models; water quality control; methodology; quantitation; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The impacts of climate change on rice yield: A comparison of four model performances. AN - 16429297; 2900974 AB - Increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO sub(2)) and other greenhouse gases are expected to modify the climate of the earth in the next 50-100 years. Mechanisms of plant response to these changes need to be incorporated in models that predict crop yield estimates to obtain an understanding of the potential consequences of such changes. This is particularly important in Asia where demographic forecasts indicate that rice supplies worldwide will need to increase by 1.6% annually to the year 2000 to match population growth estimates. The objectives of this paper are (1) to review the major hypotheses and/or experimental results regarding rice sensitivity to climate change and (2) to evaluate the suitability of existing rice models for assessing the impact of global climate change on rice production. A review of four physiologically-based rice models (RICEMOD, CERES-Rice, MACROS, RICESYS) illustrates their potential to predict rice responses to elevated CO sub(2) and increased temperature. JF - Ecological Modelling AU - Bachelet, D AU - Gay, CA AD - ManTech Environmental Technology, Inc., U.S. EPA Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 71 EP - 93 VL - 65 IS - 1-2 SN - 0304-3800, 0304-3800 KW - comparison KW - human food KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - yield KW - environmental impact KW - agriculture KW - Oryza sativa KW - Freshwater KW - climatic changes KW - models KW - Q1 08226:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications KW - D 04636:Grasses UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16429297?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Modelling&rft.atitle=The+impacts+of+climate+change+on+rice+yield%3A+A+comparison+of+four+model+performances.&rft.au=Bachelet%2C+D%3BGay%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Bachelet&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Modelling&rft.issn=03043800&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - models; yield; environmental impact; agriculture; human food; climatic changes; comparison; Oryza sativa; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of the distribution system on drinking-water quality. AN - 16429088; 2896982 AB - The Safe Drinking Water Act and its Amendments has focused interest on the factors that cause the deterioration of water between the treatment plant and the consumer. The distribution system itself can contribute to this deterioration. Numerous examples of waterborne outbreaks have demonstrated the importance of the distribution system in preventing disease. Water-quality propagation models can be used to study the factors that contribute to water quality deterioration. These models have been used in many locations to study contaminant propagation. This paper describes the application of contaminant propagation models in the South Central Connecticut Regional Water Authority (USA). JF - Aqua - Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology AU - Clark, R M AU - Goodrich, JA AU - Wymer, L J AD - Risk Reduct. Eng. Lab., Office Res. and Dev. U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 30 EP - 38 VL - 42 IS - 1 SN - 0003-7214, 0003-7214 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - water quality KW - USA, Connecticut KW - drinking water KW - quality control KW - contamination KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - H SE3.21:WATER POLLUTION/WATER QUALITY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16429088?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aqua+-+Journal+of+Water+Supply%3A+Research+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+the+distribution+system+on+drinking-water+quality.&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BGoodrich%2C+JA%3BWymer%2C+L+J&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=30&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aqua+-+Journal+of+Water+Supply%3A+Research+and+Technology&rft.issn=00037214&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Connecticut; drinking water; water quality; contamination; quality control ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of potential health effects from acute exposure to hydrogen fluoride using a "benchmark dose" approach. AN - 16423807; 2897058 AB - Communities across the United States are examining the manufacture, use, transport, and storage of hydrogen fluoride (HF) near residential areas as a consequence of a major release of HF in Texas in 1987. Reference exposure levels for routine and accidental HF emissions are calculated using existing animal and human data. The approach employs a log-probit extrapolation of concentration-response data to the 95% lower confidence limit on the toxic concentration producing a "benchmark dose" of 1% response (TC sub(01)), called a practical threshold. Species-specific and chemical-specific adjustment factors are applied to develop exposure levels applicable to the general public. JF - Risk Analysis AU - Alexeeff, G V AU - Lewis, D C AU - Ragle, N L AD - Off. Environ. Health Hazard Assess., California EPA, 2151 Berkeley Way, Annex 11, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 63 EP - 69 VL - 13 IS - 1 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - toxicity KW - inhalation KW - hydrogen fluoride KW - public health KW - H SE4.20:POISONS AND POISONING KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16423807?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+potential+health+effects+from+acute+exposure+to+hydrogen+fluoride+using+a+%22benchmark+dose%22+approach.&rft.au=Alexeeff%2C+G+V%3BLewis%2C+D+C%3BRagle%2C+N+L&rft.aulast=Alexeeff&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2012-02-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - public health; inhalation; hydrogen fluoride; toxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tissue distribution, excretion, and urinary metabolites of dichloroacetic acid in the male Fischer 344 rat. AN - 16411292; 2892325 AB - The disposition of dichloroacetic acid (DCA) was investigated in Fischer 344 rats over the 48 h after oral gavage of 282 mg/kg of 1- or 2-( super(14)C)-DCA (1-DCA or 2-DCA) and 28.2 mg/kg of 2-DCA. DCA was absorbed quickly, and the major route of disposition was through exhalation of carbon dioxide and elimination in the urine. The dispositions of 1- and 2-DCA at 282 mg/kg were similar. With 2-DCA, the disposition differed with dose in that the percentage of the dose expired as carbon dioxide decreased from 34.4% (28.2 mg/kg) to 25.0% (282 mg/kg), while the percentage of the radioactivity excreted in the urine increased from 12.7 to 35.2%. This percentage increase in the urinary excretion was mostly attributable to the presence of unmetabolized DCA, which comprised more than 20% at the higher dose and less than 1% at the lower dose. The major urinary metabolites were glycolic acid, glycoxylic acid, and oxalic acid. DCA and its metabolites accumulated in the tissues and were eliminated slowly. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Lin, ELC AU - Mattox, J K AU - Daniel, F B AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Monitor. Syst. Lab., 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 19 EP - 32 VL - 38 IS - 1 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - dichloroacetic acid KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - metabolites KW - excretion KW - drinking water KW - distribution KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16411292?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Tissue+distribution%2C+excretion%2C+and+urinary+metabolites+of+dichloroacetic+acid+in+the+male+Fischer+344+rat.&rft.au=Lin%2C+ELC%3BMattox%2C+J+K%3BDaniel%2C+F+B&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=ELC&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2012-02-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - distribution; excretion; metabolites; drinking water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute effects of ozone on heart rate and body temperature in the unanesthetized, unrestrained rat maintained at different ambient temperatures. AN - 16408168; 2894059 AB - The present studies were conducted to investigate the concentration-response characteristics of acute ozone (O sub(3)) exposure on the cardiovascular and thermoregulatory function of the unanesthetized, unrestrained rat, and to examine the modulating effects produced by changes in ambient temperature (T sub(a)) on the induced toxic response. For all studies, groups of male Fischer 344 rats (n = 4-6/group) were implanted with radiotelemetry transmitters and allowed to recover overnight. The transmitters permitted continuous monitoring of electrocardiogram (ECG) and body core temperature (T sub(co)); heart rate (HR) was derived from the ECG signal. Frequency of breathing (f) was obtained in selected experiments using a barometric plethysmograph. JF - Inhalation Toxicology AU - Watkinson, W P AU - Aileru, A A AU - Dowd, S M AU - Doerfler, D L AU - Tepper, J S AU - Costa, D L AD - U.S. EPA, Health Eff. Res. Lab., MD-82, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 129 EP - 147 VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 0895-8378, 0895-8378 KW - ozone KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - heart rate KW - body temperature KW - X 24250:Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16408168?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Inhalation+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Acute+effects+of+ozone+on+heart+rate+and+body+temperature+in+the+unanesthetized%2C+unrestrained+rat+maintained+at+different+ambient+temperatures.&rft.au=Watkinson%2C+W+P%3BAileru%2C+A+A%3BDowd%2C+S+M%3BDoerfler%2C+D+L%3BTepper%2C+J+S%3BCosta%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Watkinson&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Inhalation+Toxicology&rft.issn=08958378&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2012-02-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - heart rate; body temperature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative resistance of escherichia coli and enterococci to chlorination. AN - 16404697; 25897 AB - Pure cultures of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecium were inactivated by free chlorine and monochloramine. Indigenous E. coli and enterococci in wastewater effluents were also inactivated. Selective bacteriological media specifically designed for the enumeration of the target microbes were utilized in the study. Results show that enterococci are more resistant than E. coli to chlorine disinfection. JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A: Environmental Science and Engineering & Toxic and Hazardous Substance Control AU - Rice, E W AU - Covert, T C AU - Wild, D K AU - Berman, D AU - Johnson, SA AU - Johnson, CH AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 89 EP - 97 VL - 28 IS - 1 SN - 0360-1226, 0360-1226 KW - Chlorine resistance KW - Enterococcus faecium KW - Escherichia coli KW - Wastewater KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Microorganisms KW - Chlorination KW - Water quality KW - Water analysis KW - W4 453.1:WATER POLLUTION SOURCES KW - W4 461.9:BIOLOGY KW - W4 445.1:WATER TREATMENT TECHNIQUES KW - W4 445.2:WATER ANALYSIS KW - W4 801.2:BIOCHEMISTRY KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16404697?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+A%3A+Environmental+Science+and+Engineering+%26+Toxic+and+Hazardous+Substance+Control&rft.atitle=Comparative+resistance+of+escherichia+coli+and+enterococci+to+chlorination.&rft.au=Rice%2C+E+W%3BCovert%2C+T+C%3BWild%2C+D+K%3BBerman%2C+D%3BJohnson%2C+SA%3BJohnson%2C+CH&rft.aulast=Rice&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+A%3A+Environmental+Science+and+Engineering+%26+Toxic+and+Hazardous+Substance+Control&rft.issn=03601226&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Microorganisms; Chlorination; Water quality; Water analysis ER - TY - CONF T1 - Possible influence of hydrogen concentration on microbial methane stable hydrogen isotopic composition. AN - 16396055; 2883230 AB - Factors affecting the stable hydrogen isotopic composition ( delta D) of important sources of microbial methane to the atmosphere include oxidation, methanogenic precursor (e.g., acetate vs. CO sub(2)/H sub(2)), and the delta D of the environmental water. Variations in hydrogen gas concentrations or rates of interspecies hydrogen transfer resulting from variations in organic matter degradations rates may also affect delta D-CH sub(4). Methane produced via CO sub(2) reduction by laboratory cultures was about 150 ppt more D-depleted than methane produced in shallow marine sediments from CO sub(2)/H sub(2). The dissolved hydrogen gas concentration in that laboratory culture was about 1 mM; whereas, hydrogen concentrations in methane-zone sediments typically range between 10 and 100 nM. The relatively greater hydrogen isotope fractionation in the culture appears to result from the incorporation into the methane of protons that are produced intracellularly from the hydrogenase-catalyzed oxidation of hydrogen gas. JF - Chemosphere AU - Burke, RA Jr Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 55 EP - 67 VL - 26 IS - 1-4 KW - aquatic environments KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - methane KW - isotopes KW - atmosphere KW - wetlands KW - hydrogen KW - sediments KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16396055?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Possible+influence+of+hydrogen+concentration+on+microbial+methane+stable+hydrogen+isotopic+composition.&rft.au=Burke%2C+RA+Jr&rft.aulast=Burke&rft.aufirst=RA&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Superfund and one community program. AN - 16394637; 2883879 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency--Region II conducted a pilot program in risk communication and notification of hazardous waste information at a Superfund site in Toms River, New Jersey. The program was designed to assess the levels of awareness and concern among local citizens and to provide accurate information about health risks associated with potential exposure to environmental contaminants. The purpose of this program was to develop linkages among the community; local, state, and federal governments; industry; health professionals; and educators in dealing with environmental problems. A Community Leaders Network was formed and became actively involved in the program. Following a community needs assessment for risk information, a series of fact sheets was developed, pretested, disseminated, and evaluated. The analysis of the program highlights the important lesson of being able to respond to the specific changing dynamics of the community and offers guidelines useful for risk communication in many communities. JF - American Journal of Industrial Medicine AU - Pavlova, M T Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 183 EP - 189 VL - 23 IS - 1 KW - USA, New Jersey, Toms R. KW - environmental management KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - communications KW - education KW - public concern KW - Superfund KW - EPA KW - hazardous wastes KW - contamination KW - H SE3.10:SAFETY EDUCATION, TRAINING, COMMUNICATION KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16394637?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.atitle=Superfund+and+one+community+program.&rft.au=Pavlova%2C+M+T&rft.aulast=Pavlova&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Methane emissions from wetland rice areas of Asia. AN - 16394510; 2883844 AB - Khalil and Rasmussen (1990) reviewed eleven global methane budgets published between 1978 through 1988. They found that methane emissions from rice paddies ranged from 18 to 280 Tg/year which correspond to between 10 and 70% of the total anthropogenic methane emissions. For this paper, we have reviewed and replicated three published techniques to estimate methane emissions from rice paddies. We present the results obtained and we propose to include soil characteristics to revise these estimates. Since 90% of rice production occurs in Asia, we have only focused our study on rice in Asia. JF - Chemosphere AU - Bachelet, D AU - Neue, HU Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 219 EP - 237 VL - 26 IS - 1-4 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - emissions KW - methane KW - agriculture KW - Oryza sativa KW - wetlands KW - crops KW - measuring methods KW - Asia KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16394510?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Methane+emissions+from+wetland+rice+areas+of+Asia.&rft.au=Bachelet%2C+D%3BNeue%2C+HU&rft.aulast=Bachelet&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=219&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simultaneous sampling of multiple breathing zone air contaminants. AN - 16390271; 2879995 AB - A modified flight vest was developed and used to sample multiple air contaminants simultaneously in the breathing zones of soldiers during various field training scenarios. People often are exposed to several chemicals during a single work period; therefore, it is desirable to measure and monitor multiple contaminants simultaneously. The sampling vest consists of an aviation survival vest that was modified by the addition of pockets and ties to hold a variety of air sampling equipment. Breathing zone samples for various organic compounds, metals, carbon monoxide, particulates, and other contaminants were collected simultaneously without interfering with soldiers' activity in rugged work (military training) environments. The vest has been used successfully in several other military field exposure assessment investigations. JF - Applied Occupational & Environmental Hygiene AU - Roberts, W C AU - Terra, JA AD - US Army Med. Dep., Hum. Risk Assessment Branch, Office of Water, US Environ. Prot. Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 108 EP - 111 VL - 8 IS - 2 SN - 1047-322X, 1047-322X KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - chemical analysis KW - military KW - air sampling KW - occupational exposure KW - H SI12.8.2:CHEMICALS (CORROSION) KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16390271?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Occupational+%26+Environmental+Hygiene&rft.atitle=Simultaneous+sampling+of+multiple+breathing+zone+air+contaminants.&rft.au=Roberts%2C+W+C%3BTerra%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=108&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Occupational+%26+Environmental+Hygiene&rft.issn=1047322X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air sampling; military; occupational exposure; chemical analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Production of aldehydes as primary emissions and from secondary atmospheric reactions of alkenes and alkanes during the night and early morning hours. AN - 16383232; 2862895 AB - The production of C sub(1)-C sub(4) saturated aldehydes has been calculated within the stable boundary layer between 2100 and 0900 h from the reactions of alkenes and alkanes with O sub(3), NO sub(3) and OH radicals. These results are compared with those available on the primary emissions of aldehydes from vehicular exhausts. If the future population of vehicles should include a large fraction of vehicles powered with methanol and natural gas, primary aldehyde emissions, especially emissions of formaldehyde, may predominate over secondary production during the 2100-0900 h period. JF - Atmospheric Environment; Part A, General Topics AU - Altshuller, A P AD - Atmos. Res. and Exposure Assessment Lab., U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 21 EP - 32 VL - 27A IS - I SN - 0004-6981, 0004-6981 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - air quality KW - aldehydes KW - automotive exhaust emissions KW - atmosphere KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16383232?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment%3B+Part+A%2C+General+Topics&rft.atitle=Production+of+aldehydes+as+primary+emissions+and+from+secondary+atmospheric+reactions+of+alkenes+and+alkanes+during+the+night+and+early+morning+hours.&rft.au=Altshuller%2C+A+P&rft.aulast=Altshuller&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=27A&rft.issue=I&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment%3B+Part+A%2C+General+Topics&rft.issn=00046981&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; automotive exhaust emissions; aldehydes; air quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cytology and biochemistry of brown cells in Crassostrea virginica collected at clean and contaminated stations. AN - 16382182; 2880385 AB - This study examined brown cells of oysters, Crassostrea virginica , as potential indicators of pollution related stress. Regardless of collection station brown cells increased in connective tissue when it was inflamed. Significantly ( alpha < 0.05) fewer brown cells were observed in connective tissue of oysters from the clean versus the contaminated station; no significant differences in size were apparent in brown cells or vesicles between the two stations. The studies indicate that vesicles of oyster brown cells are lysosomes and these cells possess the requisites for detoxification and have the potential for use as a biomaker of exposure to contaminants and stress. JF - Environmental Pollution AU - Zaroogian, G AU - Yevich, P AD - US EPA, 27 Tarzwell Dr., Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 191 EP - 197 VL - 79 IS - 2 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - biological stress KW - brown cells KW - connective tissues KW - pollution indicators KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - Marine KW - histopathology KW - bioaccumulation KW - cytology KW - Crassostrea virginica KW - pollution effects KW - water pollution KW - Q1 08266:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16382182?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Pollution&rft.atitle=Cytology+and+biochemistry+of+brown+cells+in+Crassostrea+virginica+collected+at+clean+and+contaminated+stations.&rft.au=Zaroogian%2C+G%3BYevich%2C+P&rft.aulast=Zaroogian&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Pollution&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pollution indicators; biological stress; histopathology; cytology; pollution effects; connective tissues; water pollution; bioaccumulation; Crassostrea virginica; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diatom (Bacillariophyta) community response to phosphorus in the Everglades National Park, USA. AN - 16360413; 2856165 AB - The Everglades National Park, a World Heritage site, is showing the first signs of nutrient impacts caused by intensive agricultural farming north of the Park. Investigations have shown that sediments in the Park are advectively accumulating phosphorus. At the study site, median total phosphorus concentration inflows have increased from 7 to 12 mu g/l and the TN:TP ratio has decreased from 250 to 12 over a 12-year period. Periphyton diatom mean diversity and taxon numbers are increasing in association with increased amounts of sediment phosphorus. Cymbella pusilla Grunow and Anomoeoneis vitrea (Grunow) Ross were generally predominant at less impacted far-field stations but yielded in predominance to Nitzschia palea (Kuetzing) W. Smith, Fragilaria vaucheriae (Kuetzing) Petersen var. capitellata (Grunow) Patrick, and Cymbella microcephala Grunow at phosphorus-enriched near-field stations. Two non-predominant indicators of phosphorus enrichment, Gomphonema parvulum Kuetzing and Nitzschia amphibia Grunow, showed a response to increased sediment phosphorus along the transect. These diatom community responses are the forerunner of undesirable changes experienced in the upper everglades where cattails (Typha spp.) replaced sawgrass (Cladium jamaicense Crantz). JF - Phycologia AU - Raschke, R L AD - U.S. EPA, Reg. IV, Environ. Serv. Div., Bailey St. Annex, Athens, GA 30605-2720, USA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 48 EP - 58 VL - 32 IS - 1 SN - 0031-8884, 0031-8884 KW - Florida, Everglades National Park KW - nutrient loading KW - phosphorus KW - population number KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - community composition KW - USA, Florida, Everglades Natl. Park KW - Bacillariophyceae KW - Freshwater KW - diatoms KW - pollution effects KW - water pollution KW - species diversity KW - aquatic plants KW - aquatic organisms KW - eutrophication KW - population dynamics KW - K 03009:Algae KW - K 03099:Pollution KW - Q1 08461:Plankton KW - D 04627:Algae/lichens KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - K 03073:Algae KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16360413?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phycologia&rft.atitle=Diatom+%28Bacillariophyta%29+community+response+to+phosphorus+in+the+Everglades+National+Park%2C+USA.&rft.au=Raschke%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Raschke&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=48&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phycologia&rft.issn=00318884&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - population number; community composition; aquatic organisms; diatoms; eutrophication; aquatic plants; phosphorus; pollution effects; water pollution; population dynamics; species diversity; nutrient loading; Bacillariophyceae; USA, Florida, Everglades Natl. Park; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determining beryllium in drinking water by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy AN - 13705047; 199301921 AB - The U.S. EPA had set a standard for beryllium in drinking water of 4 ug per litre. Details are given of equipment and a procedure for determining beryllium in water, using a modification of a procedure for determining this element in urine. It involved direct graphite-furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy, with ammonium phosphomolybdate and ascorbic acid as matrix modifiers to eliminate chemical interferences. The proposed method was simple and accurate, with a detection limit of 0.03 ug per litre and a linear calibration range of 0-6 ug per litre. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Lytle, DA AU - Schock, M R AU - Dues, N R AU - Doerger, JU AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 77 EP - 83 VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Equipment KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13705047?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Determining+beryllium+in+drinking+water+by+graphite+furnace+atomic+absorption+spectroscopy&rft.au=Lytle%2C+DA%3BSchock%2C+M+R%3BDues%2C+N+R%3BDoerger%2C+JU&rft.aulast=Lytle&rft.aufirst=DA&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of short-term exposure to three chemicals on the blood chemistry of the pinfish (Lagodon rhomboides) AN - 13702800; 199302171 AB - Pinfish (Lagodon rhomboides) were kept in tanks with flowing sea water and either injected with carbon tetrachloride or exposed to sodium nitrite or fenthion (an organophosphorus insecticide) in the water. Injection with carbon tetrachloride (3 ml per kg) caused significant increases in several serum enzymes and serum glucose and significant reductions in serum lipids and total protein. Fenthion, in concentrations up to 30 per cent of the 48 h LC50 value, did not inhibit serum cholinesterase or alter serum chemistry. Sodium nitrite, at concentrations up to 11 mg per litre, caused a reduction in uric acid after 48 h but no change was observed after 96 h, and there was no change in methaemoglobin concentration at any time. Sea water fish species were more tolerant than freshwater species to nitrite. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Folmar, L C AU - Bonomelli, S AU - Moody, T AU - Gibson, J AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 83 EP - 86 VL - 24 IS - 1 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Carbon tetrachloride KW - Enzymes (see also individual groups below) KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Methaemoglobin KW - Reduction KW - Sea water (see also marine -----) KW - Sodium nitrite KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13702800?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+short-term+exposure+to+three+chemicals+on+the+blood+chemistry+of+the+pinfish+%28Lagodon+rhomboides%29&rft.au=Folmar%2C+L+C%3BBonomelli%2C+S%3BMoody%2C+T%3BGibson%2C+J&rft.aulast=Folmar&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Responses of insects, especially Chironomidae (Diptera), and mites to 130 years of acidification in a Scottish lake AN - 13702531; 199302357 AB - A study in Round loch of Glenhead, southwest Scotland, showed that 130 years of anthropogenic acidification caused successively decreased stability, diversity, productivity and survival rate of the non-biting midge, mayflies, caddis-flies and water mites. The earliest known evidence of anthropogenic acidification on bottom fauna occurred around 1850 when a drop in the lake's pH was first indicated by decreased stability and changes in species composition of chironomids and mayflies in the littoral zone. Major changes in the profundal chironomid fauna did not occur until about 1950 when mean lake pH dropped below 5.0. This caused the littoral fauna to become even more unstable and the first significant elimination of species occurred. The 12 most frequently encountered species before 1850 were still present during 1950-90 although some of them were in low numbers. All 12 species were common and often dominated in oligotrophic lakes with a pH of 6.5-7. Common species of chironomids were more affected by lake trophic status than acidity and rare and less common chironomids were the most endangered when lakes acidified. There are 66 references. JF - Hydrobiologia AU - Brodin, Y W AU - Gransberg, M AD - Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Solna Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 201 EP - 212 VL - 250 IS - 3 SN - 0018-8158, 0018-8158 KW - Animals (see also individual groups below) KW - Hazard KW - Insect KW - Insects (diptera) (s.a. individual groups below) KW - Profundal KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13702531?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrobiologia&rft.atitle=Responses+of+insects%2C+especially+Chironomidae+%28Diptera%29%2C+and+mites+to+130+years+of+acidification+in+a+Scottish+lake&rft.au=Brodin%2C+Y+W%3BGransberg%2C+M&rft.aulast=Brodin&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=250&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrobiologia&rft.issn=00188158&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Perinatal toxicity associated with nickel chloride exposure AN - 13701228; 199303717 AB - Studies indicating the potential for developmental toxicity from exposure to soluble nickel compounds in drinking water had been reported. Female rats drank nickel chloride solutions (0-250 ppm nickel) for 11 weeks prior to mating and then during 2 successive generations (G1, G2) and lactation periods (L1, L2) periods. Dams drinking 250 ppm consumed less liquid and more food than controls per kg body weight. Indices of reproductive performance were comparable across groups. Pup birth weight was unaffected by treatment. The frequency of perinatal death was significantly increased at each dose in L2. The lowest observed adverse effect level was 10 ppm nickel. JF - Environmental Research AU - Smith, M K AU - George, EL AU - Stober, JA AU - Feng, HA AU - Kimmel, G L AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 200 EP - 211 VL - 61 IS - 2 SN - 0013-9351, 0013-9351 KW - Nickel chloride KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13701228?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=Perinatal+toxicity+associated+with+nickel+chloride+exposure&rft.au=Smith%2C+M+K%3BGeorge%2C+EL%3BStober%2C+JA%3BFeng%2C+HA%3BKimmel%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=200&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research&rft.issn=00139351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of economical sorbents for removal of metolachlor from rinsate wastewater AN - 13700600; 199301994 AB - Data are presented on the capacity of 3 sorbents (sphagnum peat moss, steam-exploded wood and rubber) plus activated carbon relative to metolachlor, which was used as an insecticide. Both analytical grade and formulated metolachlor were examined, and the sorptive capacities were determined (in descending order) as activated carbon, rubber, peat, steam exploded wood. The presence of calcium hydroxide as a demulsifier reduced metolachlor sorption by 31 and 20 per cent, respectively, in peat and steam exploded wood. JF - Waste Management AU - Hutchinson, LE AU - Berry, D F AU - Mullins, DE AU - Hetzel, G H AU - Young, R W AD - U.S. EPA, Durham, N.C. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 83 EP - 87 VL - 13 IS - 1 SN - 0956-053X, 0956-053X KW - Analysis KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13700600?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waste+Management&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+economical+sorbents+for+removal+of+metolachlor+from+rinsate+wastewater&rft.au=Hutchinson%2C+LE%3BBerry%2C+D+F%3BMullins%2C+DE%3BHetzel%2C+G+H%3BYoung%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Hutchinson&rft.aufirst=LE&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Waste+Management&rft.issn=0956053X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Financing assistance available for small public water systems AN - 13700416; 199303491 AB - Sources of financial assistance from small water supply utilities to help them comply with the Safe Drinking Water Act are reviewed. These included loans from federal, state and commercial sources, grants from federal and state departments, and interest-free loans from the Rural Electrification Administration. Continuing state involvement was essential to ensure long term operation, maintenance and strategic planning. Tables list foundations backing rural economic development programmes, the financing mechanisms provided by most states, federal funding programmes, and sources of technical support. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Campbell, S AU - Lykins, B W AU - Goodrich, JA AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 47 EP - 53 VL - 85 IS - 6 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - State KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13700416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Financing+assistance+available+for+small+public+water+systems&rft.au=Campbell%2C+S%3BLykins%2C+B+W%3BGoodrich%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbiological stabilization of sludge by aerobic digestion and storage AN - 13699642; 199303454 AB - Reductions in pathogens and indicator bacteria in the sludges from small wastewater treatment facilities using extended aeration and oxidation ditch processes were evaluated. Neither facility employed a sludge digestion process following secondary treatment other than sludge storage. Sludge samples from the 2 sites were also used in laboratory investigations of pathogen and bacterial reductions during aerobic digestion and storage. Both facilities were meeting U.S. EPA class B pathogen reduction criteria which involved a 2-order reduction. Further reductions in pathogens and indicator organisms of at least 1 order were possible using aerobic digestion and storage. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Surampalli, R Y AU - Banerji, S K AU - Chen, J C AD - U.S. EPA, Kansas City, Kans. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 493 EP - 505 VL - 119 IS - 3 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Reduction KW - Stabilization (see also fixation, solidification) KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13699642?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Microbiological+stabilization+of+sludge+by+aerobic+digestion+and+storage&rft.au=Surampalli%2C+R+Y%3BBanerji%2C+S+K%3BChen%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Surampalli&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=493&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biodegradation of 4-nonylphenol in seawater and sediment AN - 13699516; 199300786 AB - The degradation of nonylphenol under conditions resembling a temperate marine environment were studied in the laboratory by using carbon-14-labelled nonylphenol (11 ug per litre) in seawater at a temperature of 11C. Carbon-14-labelled carbon dioxide was collected from the nonylphenol flasks at regular intervals during the 8 week incubation. Initially degradation was very slow but when the micro-organisms had become adapted (after 4 weeks at 11C) the rate increased until after 8 weeks about 50 per cent of the carbon-14 from nonylphenol was found in the carbon dioxide fraction. The presence of sediment resulted in an initially high degradation rate which did not increase after longer incubation. Lack of oxygen reduced the degradation rate by half in the presence of sediment. JF - Environmental Pollution AU - Ekelund, R AU - Granmo, A AU - Magnusson, K AU - Berggren, M AU - Bergman, A AD - Swedish Environmental Protection Agency Fiskebackskil Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 59 EP - 61 VL - 79 IS - 1 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - Reduction KW - Sea water (see also marine -----) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13699516?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Pollution&rft.atitle=Biodegradation+of+4-nonylphenol+in+seawater+and+sediment&rft.au=Ekelund%2C+R%3BGranmo%2C+A%3BMagnusson%2C+K%3BBerggren%2C+M%3BBergman%2C+A&rft.aulast=Ekelund&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Pollution&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of the aquatic oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus for assessing the toxicity and bioaccumulation of sediment-associated contaminants AN - 13699496; 199301519 AB - Details are given of experiments to develop procedures using the aquatic oligochaete, Lumbriculus variegatus, to determine the acute and chronic toxicity and presence of bioavailable compounds in contaminated sediment. The reasons for selecting this species as the test organism are listed and details are given of culturing procedures and test protocols such as duration of test, sample size and feeding. Examples are included of 2 cases in which this organism was used to assess the toxicity of cadmium and nickel from contaminated sediments and to assess the toxicity of sediment contaminated with copper. Further field tests were being carried out to validate the use of this species. There are 37 references. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Phipps, G L AU - Ankley, G T AU - Benoit, DA AU - Mattson, V R AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 269 EP - 279 VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13699496?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Use+of+the+aquatic+oligochaete+Lumbriculus+variegatus+for+assessing+the+toxicity+and+bioaccumulation+of+sediment-associated+contaminants&rft.au=Phipps%2C+G+L%3BAnkley%2C+G+T%3BBenoit%2C+DA%3BMattson%2C+V+R&rft.aulast=Phipps&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indications of regional and large-scale biological effects caused by bleached pulp mill effluents AN - 13698963; 199304386 AB - To assess the distances over which wastewaters from bleached kraft pulp mills could affect aquatic organisms, perch (Perca fluviatilis) were collected from sites ranging from 2-5 km to 20-40 km or more from the discharge of such wastewaters, and various biochemical and physiological parameters were examined. Results are tabulated and discussed. The most sensitive biological markers were hepatic EROD activity, the gonadosomatic index, and the haematocrit value. Changes in these variables in fish caught 20-40 km from pulp mills were accompanied by the presence of chlorinated guaiacols and catechols in the bile of the fish, indicating that wastewaters from bleached kraft mills could affect a much greater area than was previously thought. There are 39 references. JF - Chemosphere AU - Balk, L AU - Forlin, L AU - Soderstrom, M AU - Larsson, A AD - Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Nykoping Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 631 EP - 650 VL - 27 IS - 4 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Bleached pulp mill effluents KW - Erod KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13698963?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Indications+of+regional+and+large-scale+biological+effects+caused+by+bleached+pulp+mill+effluents&rft.au=Balk%2C+L%3BForlin%2C+L%3BSoderstrom%2C+M%3BLarsson%2C+A&rft.aulast=Balk&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=631&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigating the preferential dissolution of lead from solder particulates AN - 13698523; 199304293 AB - Observations during a monitoring exercise of lead in a laboratory water system noted that lead values exceeding 1 mg per litre were often associated with particulate material at the bottom of the sample bottle. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis identified tin but no lead in particles. The phenomenon was investigated in controlled experiments in which 15 mg samples of lead-tin solder were exposed to 0.15 per cent nitric acid, the usual medium for preserving samples from lead surveys, for up to 361 h. Lead and tin were analysed after filtration through 0.22 um membranes by inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy. All the lead dissolved within 8 h. Considerable dissolution of tin also occurred in this time, but decreased to below 0.15 mg per litre as relatively insoluble tin(IV)oxide formed. The standard preservation procedure was thus adequate for bringing all lead into solution and further acid digestion was unnecessary. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Lytle, DA AU - Schock, M R AU - Dues, N R AU - Clark, P J AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 104 EP - 110 VL - 85 IS - 7 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Analysis KW - Media KW - Pb KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13698523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Investigating+the+preferential+dissolution+of+lead+from+solder+particulates&rft.au=Lytle%2C+DA%3BSchock%2C+M+R%3BDues%2C+N+R%3BClark%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Lytle&rft.aufirst=DA&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=104&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA's Environmental Monitoring Methods Index linking environmentally significant analytes, methods, and lists AN - 13698204; 199301187 AB - The development by the U.S. EPA of the Environmental Monitoring Methods Index, which is a computerized database listing environmentally significant analytes that are monitored by the U.S. EPA, methods used to determine these analytes, and the regulatory lists on which the analytes appear are outlined. The system is cross-referenced to several other databases in U.S.A. that contain data on physical properties, toxicity, and other relevant information. The analyte lists associated with environmental legislation in U.S.A. are tabulated. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Telliard, WA AD - U.S. EPA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 39 EP - 41 VL - 27 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13698204?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=EPA%27s+Environmental+Monitoring+Methods+Index+linking+environmentally+significant+analytes%2C+methods%2C+and+lists&rft.au=Telliard%2C+WA&rft.aulast=Telliard&rft.aufirst=WA&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: General. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inactivation of Escherichia coli by titanium dioxide photocatalytic oxidation AN - 13697840; 199303228 AB - A flowthrough photocatalytic reactor containing titanium dioxide in the anatase crystalline form was used to study the use of hydroxyl radicals to disinfect potable water. Pure cultures of Escherichia coli showed little or no evidence of inactivation by disinfection in experiments using tap water dechlorinated with excess sodium thiosulphate, but the concentration of viable organisms was reduced by 7 orders of magnitude in tap water dechlorinated by exposure to UV light. In experiments with samples of highly coloured surface water, membrane filtration and heterotrophic plate count data indicated that the reduction in numbers of total coliforms and heterotrophic bacteria was improved when hydrogen peroxide was added to increase the hydroxyl radical flux after exposure to photo-activated titanium dioxide by acting as an irreversible electron acceptor. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Ireland, J C AU - Klostermann, P AU - Rice, E W AU - Clark, R M AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 1668 EP - 1670 VL - 59 IS - 5 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Anatase KW - Reduction KW - Surface water (s/a lakes,ponds,reservoirs,streams) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13697840?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Inactivation+of+Escherichia+coli+by+titanium+dioxide+photocatalytic+oxidation&rft.au=Ireland%2C+J+C%3BKlostermann%2C+P%3BRice%2C+E+W%3BClark%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Ireland&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1668&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Accumulation of polychlorinated organic contaminants from sediment by three benthic marine species AN - 13697829; 199302838 AB - Laboratory experiments were carried out on the uptake of several polychlorinated compounds from an estuarine sediment by sandworms (Nereis virens), clams (Macoma nasuta), and grass shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio). All 3 species accumulated 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and 2,4,6,8-tetrachlorodibenzothiophene (a recently identified sulphur-containing analogue of tetrachlorinated dibenzofurans. The period required for the contaminant concentrations to reach steady state, as indicated by constant values of the estimated accumulation factors (AF), were considerably longer for sandworms (70-120 d) than for clams (less than 10 d). Although the final concentrations of the contaminants were greatest in sandworms, the AF were usually higher for clams and shrimps. Differences in AF were also observed for the various contaminants within a species. Several PCB congeners were metabolized by the sandworms and, especially by shrimps. There are 33 references. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Pruell, R J AU - Rubinstein, NI AU - Taplin, B K AU - LiVolsi, JA AU - Bowen, R D AD - U.S. EPA, Narragansett, R.I. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 290 EP - 297 VL - 24 IS - 3 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Congener KW - Tetrachlorinated dibenzofuran KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13697829?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Accumulation+of+polychlorinated+organic+contaminants+from+sediment+by+three+benthic+marine+species&rft.au=Pruell%2C+R+J%3BRubinstein%2C+NI%3BTaplin%2C+B+K%3BLiVolsi%2C+JA%3BBowen%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Pruell&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=290&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Results of the interlaboratory validation study of U.S. EPA method 1613 for the analysis of tetra- through octachlorinated dioxins and furans by isotope dilution GC/MS AN - 13697699; 199303944 AB - Results are summarized from an international interlaboratory study, involving 22 laboratories in 6 countries, to validate U.S. EPA method 1613 for determination of tetra- to octa-chlorinated dioxins and furans by high-resolution gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The study was carried out on samples of simulated sewage works effluent. The results confirmed the general applicability of the method for monitoring these compounds in the range 10-1000 pg per litre. Difficulties reported by the participating laboratories have been used to refine the method and improve the detailed description of the procedure. JF - Chemosphere AU - Telliard, WA AU - McCarty, H B AU - Riddick, L S AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 41 EP - 46 VL - 27 IS - 1/3 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Analysis KW - Interlaboratory KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13697699?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Results+of+the+interlaboratory+validation+study+of+U.S.+EPA+method+1613+for+the+analysis+of+tetra-+through+octachlorinated+dioxins+and+furans+by+isotope+dilution+GC%2FMS&rft.au=Telliard%2C+WA%3BMcCarty%2C+H+B%3BRiddick%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Telliard&rft.aufirst=WA&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1%2F3&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Humic acid effects on uptake of hexachlorobenzene and hexachlorobiphenyl by sheepshead minnows in static sediment/water systems AN - 13697132; 199302377 AB - Results are reported from laboratory experiments on the effect of humic acid on the accumulation of hexachlorobenzene and hexachlorobiphenyl by minnows (Cyprinodon variegatus) in static systems containing water and sediment from different locations. The addition of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), as humic acid, did not affect the bioavailability of the chemicals when sediment, which had been allowed to reach equilibrium, was present in the system. The sediment/water partition coefficient appeared to change because the DOC increased the concentration of toxicant in the water, but all the increased toxicant was bound to the DOC. The fish were, therefore, exposed to the same concentration of free toxicant regardless of the concentration of DOC. There are 37 references. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Lores, E M AU - Patrick, J M AU - Summers, J K AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 541 EP - 550 VL - 12 IS - 3 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13697132?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Humic+acid+effects+on+uptake+of+hexachlorobenzene+and+hexachlorobiphenyl+by+sheepshead+minnows+in+static+sediment%2Fwater+systems&rft.au=Lores%2C+E+M%3BPatrick%2C+J+M%3BSummers%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=Lores&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=541&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uptake of planar polychlorinated biphenyls and 2,3,7,8-substituted polychlorinated dibenzofurans and dibenzo-p-dioxins by birds nesting in the lower Fox river and Green bay, Wisconsin, U.S.A AN - 13697020; 199302847 AB - Eggs and young of 4 bird species at different trophic levels, namely Forster's tern (Sterna forsteri), common tern (Sterna hirundo), tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor), and red-winged blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus), were collected from several locations in the lower Fox river, Wis., and Green bay, and analysed for concentrations of persistent polychlorinated hydrocarbons (PCH). The PCH concentrations found were highest in the 2 tern species and lowest in the blackbirds. All 4 species accumulated total PCB, PCB congeners 77, 105, 126 and 169, and TCDD-EQ. The rates of uptake of certain compounds were calculated. Principal components analysis indicated that patterns of PCH concentrations were affected by species of bird, age (or period of exposure), and nesting location. There are 49 references. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Ankley, G T AU - Niemi, G J AU - Lodge, K B AU - Harris, HJ AU - Beaver, D L AU - Tillitt, DE AU - Schwartz, T R AU - Giesy, J P AU - Jones, P D AU - Hagley, C AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 332 EP - 344 VL - 24 IS - 3 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Analysis KW - Birds (see also individual groups below) KW - Congener KW - Sy j. p. g. KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13697020?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Uptake+of+planar+polychlorinated+biphenyls+and+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-substituted+polychlorinated+dibenzofurans+and+dibenzo-p-dioxins+by+birds+nesting+in+the+lower+Fox+river+and+Green+bay%2C+Wisconsin%2C+U.S.A&rft.au=Ankley%2C+G+T%3BNiemi%2C+G+J%3BLodge%2C+K+B%3BHarris%2C+HJ%3BBeaver%2C+D+L%3BTillitt%2C+DE%3BSchwartz%2C+T+R%3BGiesy%2C+J+P%3BJones%2C+P+D%3BHagley%2C+C&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=332&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identifying Escherichia species with biochemical test kits and standard bacteriological tests AN - 13696934; 199301900 AB - Results are presented from an interlaboratory study on the effectiveness of 2 commercially available biochemical test systems for accurate identification of species of Escherichiaceae in water. The results were compared with standard bacteriological tests using defined media. Although the test kits did not always correctly identify species of Escherichia, there was only one instance in which an isolate was misidentified as Escherichia coli. Both test systems were suitable for identifying bacteria commonly found in drinking water. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Rice, E W AU - Allen, MJ AU - Covert, T C AU - Langewis, J AU - Standridge, J AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 74 EP - 76 VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Interlaboratory KW - Media KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13696934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Identifying+Escherichia+species+with+biochemical+test+kits+and+standard+bacteriological+tests&rft.au=Rice%2C+E+W%3BAllen%2C+MJ%3BCovert%2C+T+C%3BLangewis%2C+J%3BStandridge%2C+J&rft.aulast=Rice&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=74&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A simple test for toxicity of Number 2 fuel oil and oil dispersants to embryos of grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio AN - 13696776; 199304261 AB - Results are reported from tests on the toxicity of 2 commercial oil dispersants (Corexit 7664 and Corexit 9527) and the water-soluble extract of No.2 fuel oil prepared with and without addition of dispersant, to embryos of the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio. The embryos were similar in sensitivity to previously tested life stages of various shrimp species to the water-soluble fraction without dispersant, but were about 10 times more sensitive to water-soluble fractions of dispersed oil. The toxicity of the water-soluble fraction prepared with dispersant increased with increase in temperature and with reduction in salinity. Differences in mortality of shrimps in water-soluble fractions prepared with and without dispersant suggested that the permeability of the egg-casing was important. The advantages of the shrimp embryo toxicity test are indicated. There are 31 references. JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin AU - Fisher, W S AU - Foss, S S AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 385 EP - 391 VL - 26 IS - 7 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - Esso Corexit KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13696776?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.atitle=A+simple+test+for+toxicity+of+Number+2+fuel+oil+and+oil+dispersants+to+embryos+of+grass+shrimp%2C+Palaemonetes+pugio&rft.au=Fisher%2C+W+S%3BFoss%2C+S+S&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=385&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The relationship of total copper 48-h LC50s to Daphnia magna dry weight AN - 13696244; 199302988 AB - To determine whether weight loss or lack of natural weight gain during standard 48 h acute toxicity tests using Daphnia magna could significantly affect the experimentally estimated LC50 values, a series of tests was carried out using both unfed animals and animals fed with the alga Selenastrum capricornutum, with copper as the toxicant. Although there was a significant weight loss in unfed animals during the tests, this did not affect the estimated 48 h LC50 values. However, the initial dry weight of both fed and unfed animals could be used to predict LC50 values, since heavier neonates were more resistant to copper. There are 40 references. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Lazorchak, J M AU - Waller, W T AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 903 EP - 911 VL - 12 IS - 5 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Algae (see also individual groups below) KW - Animals (see also individual groups below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13696244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=The+relationship+of+total+copper+48-h+LC50s+to+Daphnia+magna+dry+weight&rft.au=Lazorchak%2C+J+M%3BWaller%2C+W+T&rft.aulast=Lazorchak&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=903&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isolation and determination of methylsulphonyl-PCBs in biological samples by sulphuric acid partitioning, adsorption chromatography and GC-ECD AN - 13696051; 199303942 AB - Details are given of a procedure for the determination of methylsulphonyl metabolites of polychlorinated biphenyls. It involved extraction of these compounds with sulphuric acid, further liquid-liquid extraction with n-hexane, clean-up with aluminium oxide and silica, and determination by adsorption chromatography with electron-capture detection. Results obtained by this method on samples of seal blubber, otter liver, and eggs of white-tailed eagle are tabulated. JF - Chemosphere AU - de Voogt, P AU - Haggberg, L AD - Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Solna Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 271 EP - 278 VL - 27 IS - 1/3 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Hexane KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13696051?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Isolation+and+determination+of+methylsulphonyl-PCBs+in+biological+samples+by+sulphuric+acid+partitioning%2C+adsorption+chromatography+and+GC-ECD&rft.au=de+Voogt%2C+P%3BHaggberg%2C+L&rft.aulast=de+Voogt&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1%2F3&rft.spage=271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of chemical contaminants on blood chemistry of teleost fish: a bibliography and synopsis of selected effects AN - 13695560; 199301518 AB - Published data on serum chemistry in teleost fish are reviewed, with reference to electrolytes, enzymes, metabolic indicators, haematology, reproductive indicators and hormones and the literature on the effects of organic and inorganic chemicals on blood chemistry is discussed. The common and scientific names of fish referred to are tabulated. Data are presented on normal or control (unexposed) values for routine clinical measurements and for hormones in serum or plasma of teleost fish, and on the effects of a large number of selected chemical contaminants on various blood chemistry parameters. There are 353 references. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Folmar, L C AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 337 EP - 375 VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Enzymes (see also individual groups below) KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Inorganic compounds KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13695560?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Effects+of+chemical+contaminants+on+blood+chemistry+of+teleost+fish%3A+a+bibliography+and+synopsis+of+selected+effects&rft.au=Folmar%2C+L+C&rft.aulast=Folmar&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=337&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparison of methods for extracting amplifiable Giardia DNA from various environmental samples AN - 13695324; 199303171 AB - Methods of detecting Giardia in environmental samples using amplifications of specific DNA sequences, while avoiding the inhibiting effects of other substances in the samples, were investigated. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was hindered by the presence of humic compounds or other PCR inhibitors which co-extracted with nucleic acids, interfered with the polymerase reaction and lowered the method's sensitivity. All attempts to separate humic compounds from DNA failed, though the degree of inhibition was reduced by substantially increasing the magnesium concentration, suggesting that humic substance interference took place by chelation of magnesium. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Rodgers, M R AU - Bernardino, C M AU - Jakubowski, W AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 85 EP - 88 VL - 27 IS - 3/4 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13695324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=A+comparison+of+methods+for+extracting+amplifiable+Giardia+DNA+from+various+environmental+samples&rft.au=Rodgers%2C+M+R%3BBernardino%2C+C+M%3BJakubowski%2C+W&rft.aulast=Rodgers&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3%2F4&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of VLEACH to vadose zone transport of VOCs at an Arizona Superfund site AN - 13694372; 199400674 AB - Two scenarios were developed to compare calculations from VLEACH, a 1-dimensional finite difference model, with an analytical solution and with a finite-difference solution using field data. The model was used to estimate volatile organic compounds transport to groundwater at a Superfund site to assist in the selection process for cleanup levels in the deep vadose zone. Soil gas data was more reliable than soil matrix data at this arid site. The VLEACH model was linked with a mixing cell model of groundwater. Vadose zone trichloroethene would exceed the federal maximal contaminant limit (MCL) after continued transport to groundwater. JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Rosenbloom, J AU - Mock, P AU - Lawson, P AU - Brown, J AU - Turin, HJ AD - U.S. EPA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 159 EP - 169 VL - 13 IS - 3 KW - Superfund KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Vocs KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13694372?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Application+of+VLEACH+to+vadose+zone+transport+of+VOCs+at+an+Arizona+Superfund+site&rft.au=Rosenbloom%2C+J%3BMock%2C+P%3BLawson%2C+P%3BBrown%2C+J%3BTurin%2C+HJ&rft.aulast=Rosenbloom&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Theoretical. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electrophoretic behaviour of aromatic-containing organic acids and the determination of selected compounds in water and soil by capillary electrophoresis AN - 13694170; 199400771 AB - A scheme is presented for the isolation of aromatic-containing organic acids (ACOA) from water and soil based on extraction disks and solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridges. The electrophoretic behaviour of 56 ACOA was obtained under free zone electrophoresis (CZE) and under micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) using cholic acid as the micellar agent. The results (migration times) were tabulated for both CZE and MEKC. The broad ACOA category included such classes of compounds as phenoxy acid herbicides, phenylalkanoic acids, aromatic carboxylic acids, aromatic sulphonic acids, azo and other dyes, and nitrogen-containing ACOA. Seven compounds were studied in detail with respect to recovery and determination in water and soil by MEKC at levels of 1.0 and 0.1 ug per g in water and 100 and 20 ug per g in soil samples. Average recoveries using extraction disks and SPE cartridges ranged from 26.5-98.2 per cent with relative standard deviations ranging from 6.7 to 55 per cent. JF - Journal of Chromatography AU - Brumley, W C AU - Brownrigg, C M AD - U.S. EPA, Las Vegas, Nev. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 377 EP - 389 VL - 646 IS - 2 SN - 0021-9673, 0021-9673 KW - Cholic acid KW - Phenoxy KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13694170?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chromatography&rft.atitle=Electrophoretic+behaviour+of+aromatic-containing+organic+acids+and+the+determination+of+selected+compounds+in+water+and+soil+by+capillary+electrophoresis&rft.au=Brumley%2C+W+C%3BBrownrigg%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Brumley&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=646&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=377&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Chromatography&rft.issn=00219673&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of polar volatile organic compounds in water by membrane permeate and trap GC-MS AN - 13694098; 199304657 AB - Semipermeable membranes (nonreinforced Silastic, poly(dimethylsiloxane)) were combined with generally accepted purge-and-trap gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) technology to produce a selective method for the extraction of polar volatile organic compounds (VOC) from water. The flat-sheet semipermeable membrane was positioned between the 2 flexiglas plates of a dialyser. In the groove of one plate, the water sample was pumped over the membrane while in the groove of the second plate, helium swept the permeated compounds onto the top of a trap. Analytes were desorbed from the trap into a capillary column GC/MS system. Polar analytes such as 2-propanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol and 1,4-dioxane were detected at levels below 100 ug per litre. Temperature, sample flow rate and helium flow rate variations are discussed. Other polymer membrane materials were suggested for superior selectivity to the silicone rubber membranes used here. JF - Journal of Chromatographic Science AU - Shoemaker, JA AU - Bellar, T A AU - Eichelberger, J W AU - Budde, W L AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 279 EP - 284 VL - 31 IS - 7 SN - 0021-9665, 0021-9665 KW - 2-methyl-1-propanol KW - Columns KW - Dimethylsiloxane KW - Dioxane KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13694098?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chromatographic+Science&rft.atitle=Determination+of+polar+volatile+organic+compounds+in+water+by+membrane+permeate+and+trap+GC-MS&rft.au=Shoemaker%2C+JA%3BBellar%2C+T+A%3BEichelberger%2C+J+W%3BBudde%2C+W+L&rft.aulast=Shoemaker&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Chromatographic+Science&rft.issn=00219665&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of effluent toxicity results using Ceriodaphnia dubia cultured on several diets AN - 13694003; 199400718 AB - Eleven different diets, combinations of yeast-Cerophyl-trout chow (YCT), Selenastrum capricornutum and algae-Cerophyl, were used in generation tests with Ceriodaphnia dubia. Evaluation of survival and reproduction across four generations showed all diets to be acceptable, except for algae alone, which could not support reproduction. Seven of the diets were used in toxicity tests. The young from each generation were exposed to industrial, refinery and publicly owned treatment works (POTW) effluents. There was no indication that any diet had affected the acute toxicity of the effluents. There are 31 references. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Norberg-King, T J AU - Schmidt, S AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 1945 EP - 1955 VL - 12 IS - 10 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Algae (see also individual groups below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13694003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+effluent+toxicity+results+using+Ceriodaphnia+dubia+cultured+on+several+diets&rft.au=Norberg-King%2C+T+J%3BSchmidt%2C+S&rft.aulast=Norberg-King&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1945&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prediction of biodegradation kinetics using a nonlinear group contribution method AN - 13693068; S199445636 AB - The development is described of a quantitative relationship between structure and biodegradability of organic compounds, using a non-linear group contribution approach in which each defined group present in the chemical structure of the compound was assigned a unique numerical contribution towards the calculation of the biodegradation kinetic constants. The neural network developed was trained using published data on the first-order biodegradation kinetic rate constants for a number of priority pollutants, and could then be used to predict biodegradation constants for other compounds. The results obtained using the neural network technique produced fewer errors than a previous linear method. There are 33 references. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Tabak, H H AU - Govind, R AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 251 EP - 260 VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13693068?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Prediction+of+biodegradation+kinetics+using+a+nonlinear+group+contribution+method&rft.au=Tabak%2C+H+H%3BGovind%2C+R&rft.aulast=Tabak&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Theoretical. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quality assurance and quality control for drinking water laboratories AN - 13693005; 199401017 AB - Elements of quality assurance applied by the U.S. EPA are described. Areas of support provided for the Drinking Water Laboratory Certification Programme are discussed and include method selection and validation, method approval, reference materials and performance evaluation (PE) studies. Recent expansion of PE to include a greater number of laboratories and more determinands is reported and acceptance limits for 34 inorganic and organic determinands are tabulated. Misuse of data and problems of using real water samples for PE are discussed. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Winter, JA AU - Buddle, W L AU - Novielli, F AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 56 EP - 62 VL - 85 IS - 9 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Inorganic -- (see also without this prefix) KW - Pe KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13693005?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Quality+assurance+and+quality+control+for+drinking+water+laboratories&rft.au=Winter%2C+JA%3BBuddle%2C+W+L%3BNovielli%2C+F&rft.aulast=Winter&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=56&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: General. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory investigations of the deposition of oxidation products of hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) to aqueous solutions AN - 13692794; S199446585 AB - It had been proposed that ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons should be replaced with hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFC) and hydrofluorocarbons (HFC), but information was required on the environmental effects of these compounds. The rates of deposition of single oxidation products of HCFC and HFC to bulk quiescent aqueous solutions (de-ionized water and acid and alkaline aqueous solutions) were studied. For comparison, deposition rates for sulphur dioxide were also measured. Deposition of irradiated mixtures of HCFC and HFC with chlorine and air were also investigated. The rates of deposition were compound-dependent and largely independent of the chemical solution; they varied by as much as a factor of 2, the greatest velocities being found for 2 fluorinated oxidation products. There were insufficient data to estimate the extent to which gas and liquid-phase resistance controlled the overall deposition, but it was possible to estimate lower limits for the laboratory aqueous resistance. The results were in agreement with work of other investigators who had concluded that deposition of the oxidation products to oceans and cloudwater was sufficiently fast to prevent transport to the stratosphere. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Edney, E O AU - Driscoll, D J AD - U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, N.C. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 97 EP - 110 VL - 66 IS - 1/2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Cloudwater KW - Sea water (see also marine -----) KW - World health organization KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13692794?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Laboratory+investigations+of+the+deposition+of+oxidation+products+of+hydrochlorofluorocarbons+%28HCFCs%29+and+hydrofluorocarbons+%28HFCs%29+to+aqueous+solutions&rft.au=Edney%2C+E+O%3BDriscoll%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Edney&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=1%2F2&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Source of chlorate ion in US drinking water AN - 13692762; 199401317 AB - Chlorite and chlorate were determined by hypochlorite in 120 samples of untreated and treated water from 42 utilities where chlorine dioxide, chlorine gas, hypochlorite solution and chloramine oxidant-disinfectant were in use. The effect of ethylenediamine on the stability of chlorite is tabulated. Chlorite was detected only in waters where chlorine dioxide was used. Eleven to 660 ug chlorate per litre was found in waters treated with chlorine dioxide or hypochlorite solutions. Mass balance calculations were used to predict theoretical chlorate concentrations which were compared with actual concentrations. Chlorate concentrations were higher in water treated with hypochlorite solutions containing greater than 10 per cent available chlorine. Chlorate was not detected in waters disinfected with chlorine gas. Ten to 81 ug chlorite per litre was also detected in approximately one third of untreated water samples. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Bolyard, M AU - Fair, P S AU - Hautman, D P AD - U.S. EPA, Denver, Colo. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 81 EP - 88 VL - 85 IS - 9 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Ethylenediamine KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13692762?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Source+of+chlorate+ion+in+US+drinking+water&rft.au=Bolyard%2C+M%3BFair%2C+P+S%3BHautman%2C+D+P&rft.aulast=Bolyard&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA develops ground water protection approach AN - 13692419; S199446329 AB - The U.S. EPA had issued draft guidance on the formulation of Comprehensive State Groundwater Protection Programmes (CSGWPP). Six strategic activities for states are listed including establishing goals, defining priorities, identifying responsible organizations, implementing action to achieve groundwater protection, coordinating information, and improving public education. The document listed criteria by which a CSGWPP would be judged. Ten states were working with the U.S. EPA to develop model plans. JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Barles, B AU - Ainsworth, S AD - U.S. EPA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 98 EP - 99 VL - 13 IS - 1 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - State KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13692419?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=EPA+develops+ground+water+protection+approach&rft.au=Barles%2C+B%3BAinsworth%2C+S&rft.aulast=Barles&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=98&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA's approach to vadose zone monitoring at RCRA facilities AN - 13691349; S199446333 AB - The background to the U.S. EPA's recent proposal to give federal and state regulators the option of requiring unsaturated zone monitoring at Resource Conservation and Recovery Act hazardous waste landfills is discussed. The policy had changed in response to the development of new techniques. These included direct methods such as soil core monitoring and soil probe monitoring, and the indirect methods of soil gas monitoring, neutron moderation, complex resistivity, ground penetrating radar and electrical resistivity. The U.S. EPA had produced guidance on the installation of lysimeters at existing sites and those under construction, with emphasis on the vacuum-pressure types. Properly designed unsaturated zone monitoring would complement saturated zone monitoring and greatly reduce it in arid regions. There are 31 references. JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Durant, N D AU - Myers, V B AU - Eccles, LA AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 151 EP - 158 VL - 13 IS - 1 KW - Reduction KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13691349?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=EPA%27s+approach+to+vadose+zone+monitoring+at+RCRA+facilities&rft.au=Durant%2C+N+D%3BMyers%2C+V+B%3BEccles%2C+LA&rft.aulast=Durant&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Legislation. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid glutamate decarboxylase assay for detection of Escherichia coli AN - 13691345; 199401687 AB - A rapid glutamate decarboxylase assay was developed to verify the presence of Escherichia coli initially isolated in 2 enteric broth media routinely used in water analysis. The assay was based on the procedure proposed by Fiedler and Reiske. Pure-culture studies were conducted using strains from the U.S. EPA Drinking Water Research Division stock culture collection. The procedure was successful in confirming the presence of E. coli in enteric broth cultures with a specificity of 95 per cent, both with pure cultures and with environmental samples. Survivors among chlorine-exposed cells were also successfully detected. The procedure was suitable for rapid response to a faecal contamination incident. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Rice, E W AU - Johnson, CH AU - Dunnigan, ME AU - Reasoner, D J AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 4347 EP - 4349 VL - 59 IS - 12 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Media KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13691345?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Rapid+glutamate+decarboxylase+assay+for+detection+of+Escherichia+coli&rft.au=Rice%2C+E+W%3BJohnson%2C+CH%3BDunnigan%2C+ME%3BReasoner%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Rice&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=4347&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioaccumulation of PCB congeners by blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) deployed in New Bedford Harbour, Massachusetts AN - 13690762; 199400206 AB - The relationship between seawater concentrations and mussel tissue residue PCB concentrations was investigated in the field by deploying baskets of selected mussels over 28 d covering a period before, during and after dredging. Frozen mussels were homogenized, extracted with various solvents, concentrated in heptane and analysed by electron capture gas chromatography. A large concentration gradient of PCB congeners existed in the harbour; the relative congeners distributions were very consistent. Concentrations in the deployed mussels and the dissolved phase of the seawater responded similarly and were predictable from the logarithms of the bioconcentration factors and the octanol/water partition coefficients. The results were similar to those found in previous laboratory experiments. There are 38 references. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Bergen, B J AU - Nelson, W G AU - Pruell, R J AD - U.S. EPA, Narragansett, R.I. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 1671 EP - 1681 VL - 12 IS - 9 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Analysis KW - Congener KW - Freezing KW - Heptane KW - Sea water (see also marine -----) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13690762?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Bioaccumulation+of+PCB+congeners+by+blue+mussels+%28Mytilus+edulis%29+deployed+in+New+Bedford+Harbour%2C+Massachusetts&rft.au=Bergen%2C+B+J%3BNelson%2C+W+G%3BPruell%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Bergen&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1671&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting branchial and cutaneous uptake of 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) and Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes): rate limiting factors AN - 13690065; 199401997 AB - The bioconcentration of a waterborne neutral non-metabolized xenobiotic compound, 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl, by fathead minnows and (Pimephales promelas) Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) was predicted using a physiologically-based model. A quantitative assessment was made of the primary mechanistic variables regulating uptake across branchial and cutaneous surfaces. Branchial and cutaneous surfaces had an approximately equal capacity to support the exchange of the compound. In both fish a large ratio of cutaneous surface area to volume and a relatively small diffusion distance across the skin contributed to the relatively greater contribution of cutaneous absorption, compared with larger fish. There are 35 references. JF - Aquatic Toxicology AU - Lien, G J AU - McKim, J M AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 15 EP - 32 VL - 27 IS - 1/2 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Waterborne KW - Xenobiotic compounds KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13690065?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Predicting+branchial+and+cutaneous+uptake+of+2%2C2%27%2C5%2C5%27-tetrachlorobiphenyl+in+fathead+minnows+%28Pimephales+promelas%29+and+Japanese+medaka+%28Oryzias+latipes%29%3A+rate+limiting+factors&rft.au=Lien%2C+G+J%3BMcKim%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Lien&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1%2F2&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Theoretical. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Glyphosate removal from drinking water AN - 13689770; 199402332 AB - The suitability of activated carbon, conventional treatment methods, oxidation, filtration and membrane methods to remove the herbicide glyphosate from potable water was evaluated at pilot scale and bench scale. The results were assessed using computer models. Oxidation studies showed that glyphosate was easily destroyed by chlorine and ozone. Other oxidizing agents were less successful. Adsorption on activated carbon was effective in distilled water but much less so in river water. In jar-test studies with an alum coagulant, glyphosate was removed along with turbidity. Most removal occurred as the turbidity was reduced below 2 nephelometric turbidity units. There are 30 references. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Speth, T F AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 1139 EP - 1157 VL - 119 IS - 6 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13689770?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Glyphosate+removal+from+drinking+water&rft.au=Speth%2C+T+F&rft.aulast=Speth&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The National Sewage Sludge Rule AN - 13689373; S199445383 AB - The National Sewage Sludge Rule, signed by the U.S. EPA administrator in November 1992 for publication in December 1992, is reviewed. It represents a collaboration between experts on environmental impacts of all kinds and seeks to give ecological concerns the same attention and protection as human health concerns. It addresses land application of biosolids, surface disposal at dedicated sites of wastewater solids-only landfills and incineration at wastewater solids-only incinerators. The rule sets national standards for 12 heavy metals, pathogens, total hydrocarbon emissions from incinerators and for managing solids use and disposal. Communities are required to develop and implement effective pretreatment programmes to ensure that industry removes toxic and harmful pollutants from wastewater before it passes to municipal treatment plants. Limits are specified for 10 pollutants for land application, and 3 pollutants for incineration and for surface disposal. The rule requires odours to be controlled. JF - Water Environment & Technology AU - Prothro, M AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 11 VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 1044-9493, 1044-9493 KW - Implementable KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13689373?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=The+National+Sewage+Sludge+Rule&rft.au=Prothro%2C+M&rft.aulast=Prothro&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.issn=10449493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Legislation. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of a field test kit for monitoring lead in drinking water AN - 13688797; 199400216 AB - A field test kit for lead in tap water was evaluated systematically and results compared with a standard graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometric technique (GFAAS). The test involved buffering the solution, forming a complex, adsorption on a column, eluting, adding a reagent and measuring the colour. The procedure examined detection limits, matrix effects, linear calibration range, precision, accuracy, interference, operator bias, preservation methods and shelf life of the reagents. The extent of the evaluation depended on the waters to which the method was being applied. Some knowledge of the underlying chemistry was essential. Preservation by nitric acid, a standard procedure, gave low results. The detection limit was 4 ug lead per litre in deionized water; accuracy was comparable with GFAAS. Absolute precision was 3 ug lead per litre in the 10-100 ug per litre range. Concentrations of 1 mg zinc, 2 mg iron(II), polyphosphate and 5 mg orthophosphate per litre caused significant bias. Precision fell in the presence of 500 mg chloride per litre chloride and 0.5 mg aluminium per litre. Further improvements to the method were proposed. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Schock, M R AU - George, G K AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 90 EP - 100 VL - 85 IS - 8 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Columns KW - Pb KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13688797?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+a+field+test+kit+for+monitoring+lead+in+drinking+water&rft.au=Schock%2C+M+R%3BGeorge%2C+G+K&rft.aulast=Schock&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=90&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pesticide inputs and risks in coastal wetlands AN - 13688788; 199402099 AB - The importance of coastal wetlands and their vulnerability to pesticides are reviewed. Environmental releases, transport by streams and direct inputs to wetlands are explained. Constant and intermittent exposure patterns and the role of stratification and sedimentation in controlling exposure are considered. Broad categories of biota at risk are listed. Some examples of wetland pollution by pesticides are described: runoff from soybeans and corn; vegetable crop runoff; and mosquito control. Effects of pesticides on wetlands appear to be local, but field data are lacking on the influence of low level exposures on the growth and reproduction of resident and visiting species. Knowledge of general ecological effects was also deficient. There are 43 references. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Clark, J R AU - Lewis, MA AU - Pait, A S AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 2225 EP - 2233 VL - 12 IS - 12 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Hazard KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13688788?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Pesticide+inputs+and+risks+in+coastal+wetlands&rft.au=Clark%2C+J+R%3BLewis%2C+MA%3BPait%2C+A+S&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New medium for the simultaneous detection of total coliforms and Escherichia coli in water AN - 13687813; 199401713 AB - A new membrane filter medium (MI agar) developed for the rapid and simultaneous detection of total coliforms and Escherichia coli in various water types contained the fluorogen, 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-galatopyranoside (MUGal) and the chromogen indoxyl-beta-D-glucuronide (IBDG). Beta-galatosidase produced by total coliforms cleaved MUGal to produce 4-methylumbelliferone which fluoresced when exposed to longwave UV light while E. coli produced beta-glucuronidase which cleaved IBDG to form a blue colour in ambient light. Tests with samples of natural waters and spiked drinking water showed that MI agar recovered 1.8 times as many total coliforms as mEndo agar while producing significantly lower background counts. Recoveries of E. coli on MI agar and mTEC agar were not significantly different and were both significantly higher than those on nutrient agar supplemented with 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-glucuronide. Specificities for E. coli, TC and noncoliforms on MI agar were 95.7, 93.1 and 93.8 per cent respectively, and E. coli false-positive and false-negative rates were both 4.3. The new MI agar medium was sensitive, selective and specific with precise, accurate recovery of target organisms and could be used in compliance monitoring of drinking water. There are 41 references. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Brenner, K P AU - Rankin, C C AU - Roybal, Y R AU - Stelma, G N AU - Scarpino, P V AU - Dufour AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 3534 EP - 3544 VL - 59 IS - 11 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Fluorogen KW - Media KW - Tc KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13687813?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=New+medium+for+the+simultaneous+detection+of+total+coliforms+and+Escherichia+coli+in+water&rft.au=Brenner%2C+K+P%3BRankin%2C+C+C%3BRoybal%2C+Y+R%3BStelma%2C+G+N%3BScarpino%2C+P+V%3BDufour&rft.aulast=Brenner&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=3534&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - USEPA drinking water laboratory certification program AN - 13685261; 199401018 AB - The structure, functions, strengths and weaknesses of the U.S. EPA Drinking Water Laboratory Certification Programme (DWLCP) are described. Mandatory criteria for certification are discussed and classification of participating laboratories summarized. The development of new analytical methods and their incorporation certified laboratories is considered. The use of performance based methods would allow modification of existing methods and development of new methods. Future short- and long-term changes are discussed including the possibility of a national accreditation service for those laboratories who face many different auditing and certification requirements from their different customers. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Feige, MA AU - Madding, C AU - Glick, E M AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 63 EP - 69 VL - 85 IS - 9 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Analysis KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - World health organization KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13685261?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=USEPA+drinking+water+laboratory+certification+program&rft.au=Feige%2C+MA%3BMadding%2C+C%3BGlick%2C+E+M&rft.aulast=Feige&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: General. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of ammonia, chlorine, and diazinon as toxicants in a municipal effluent AN - 13685193; 199401951 AB - Details are given of the 3-stage procedure used to carry out a toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) of a municipal sewage works effluent, using 6 sets of effluent collected during an 8 month period. The toxicity of the samples was determined by tests using Ceriodaphnia dubia, Daphnia magna, Daphnia pulex, and larvae of fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). Ammonia and chlorine were the only toxicants present at toxic concentrations in all sample sets, while diazinon was present at toxic concentrations in only one sample set. The types of data and logic used in carrying out a TIE are discussed, with emphasis on the data required in the third phase to generate sufficient evidence for toxicant confirmation. Multiple manipulations in the third phase confirmed that ammonia and chlorine were the primary causes of toxicity in this effluent. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Burkhard, L P AU - Jenson, J J AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 506 EP - 515 VL - 25 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Tied KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13685193?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Identification+of+ammonia%2C+chlorine%2C+and+diazinon+as+toxicants+in+a+municipal+effluent&rft.au=Burkhard%2C+L+P%3BJenson%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Burkhard&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=506&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water quality impacts at abandoned hardrock mines AN - 13685122; 199401167 AB - Abandoned mines presented risks to humans and animals from open shafts and pits and abandoned buildings, and also had adverse effects on the environment. The lack of legislation in U.S.A. directly concerned with these problems is discussed. A survey of environmental impacts from abandoned mines identified acid mine drainage, heavy metal contamination, and erosion and sedimentation as the most important. Some specific examples of the types of non-point sources of pollution from abandoned sites are presented. Factors that should be considered in defining the best approach for controlling nonpoint pollution sources at abandoned mines are listed. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Drabkowski, E F AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 399 EP - 407 VL - 28 IS - 3/5 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - Animals (see also individual groups below) KW - Hazard KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13685122?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Water+quality+impacts+at+abandoned+hardrock+mines&rft.au=Drabkowski%2C+E+F&rft.aulast=Drabkowski&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3%2F5&rft.spage=399&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Broad-based environmental life cycle assessment AN - 13679086; S199546744 AB - Life-cycle assessment (LCA) involved studying the environmental impacts associated with all stages of producing a specific industrial product, including extracting and processing raw materials, manufacturing, transportation and distribution, use, re-use and maintenance, and recycling and waste management. It also considered factors in both downstream and upstream effects of product use. The application and methodology of LCA are described, and the role of the U.S. EPA in developing and encouraging this approach is discussed. Industrial companies in U.S.A. that had adopted this approach are tabulated. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Curran, MA AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 430 EP - 436 VL - 27 IS - 3 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13679086?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Broad-based+environmental+life+cycle+assessment&rft.au=Curran%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Curran&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=430&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conjugal gene transfer to aquatic bacteria detected by the generation of a new phenotype AN - 13678981; S199546717 AB - Plasmids containing the gene coding for organomercurial lyase, 1 of 2 enzymes conferring mercury resistance in bacteria, were successfully transferred to indigenous aquatic bacteria which had been acclimated to inorganic mercury and were therefore enriched in the second gene involved in mercury detoxification, ie that coding for mercuric reductase. The transconjugants, selected by plating on to medium containing phenylmercury acetate, were predominantly pseudomonads. This approach could be used for studying other gene transfers and gene changes in natural microbial communities. Applications might include: enhancing the capability of indigenous populations to detoxify and degrade pollutants, particularly recalcitrant xenobiotic organic compounds; and detecting transfer of recombinant DNA from genetically-engineered micro-organisms into indigenous bacterial populations. There are 59 references. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Barkay, T AU - Liebert, C AU - Gillman, M AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 807 EP - 814 VL - 59 IS - 3 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Enzymes (see also individual groups below) KW - Media KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - Recombinant KW - Xenobiotic compounds KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13678981?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Conjugal+gene+transfer+to+aquatic+bacteria+detected+by+the+generation+of+a+new+phenotype&rft.au=Barkay%2C+T%3BLiebert%2C+C%3BGillman%2C+M&rft.aulast=Barkay&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=807&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA's approach to environmental research in the 90s AN - 13676868; S199648647 AB - Recent changes are summarized in the approach to environmental problems being adopted by the U.S. EPA, which is now concentrating on the highest environmental risk, stressing pollution prevention, and preferring voluntary programmes rather than regulation. More research is being carried out to produce the technical information required to support their approach. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Bretthauer, E W AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 1331 EP - 1333 VL - 12 IS - 8 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Hazard KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13676868?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=EPA%27s+approach+to+environmental+research+in+the+90s&rft.au=Bretthauer%2C+E+W&rft.aulast=Bretthauer&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1331&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A sediment testing intermittent renewal system for the automated renewal of overlying water in toxicity tests with contaminated sediments AN - 13676860; S199548203 AB - A detailed description is given of equipment for toxicity tests on contaminated sediments, with automatic renewal of overlying water at rates of 1-21 volume renewals per d. The exchange of water is gentle, so that there is little or no resuspension of the sediments. The system can be either stationary or potable; both types can also be installed in a compact vented enclosure for safe testing of sediment contaminated with hazardous compounds. The major components of the system and suggested suppliers are listed. The system has been tested successfully for 10 d bulk sediment tests using different benthic species. JF - Water Research AU - Benoit, DA AU - Phipps, G L AU - Ankley, G T AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Min. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 1403 EP - 1412 VL - 27 IS - 9 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - Equipment KW - Hazard KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13676860?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research&rft.atitle=A+sediment+testing+intermittent+renewal+system+for+the+automated+renewal+of+overlying+water+in+toxicity+tests+with+contaminated+sediments&rft.au=Benoit%2C+DA%3BPhipps%2C+G+L%3BAnkley%2C+G+T&rft.aulast=Benoit&rft.aufirst=DA&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1403&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental assistance to the newly independent states AN - 13676794; S199547508 AB - The approach that should be adopted in planning assistance to the successor states of the former U.S.S.R. to improve environmental conditions is outlined, and the aid being offered by U.S.A., Canada, and Finland is summarized briefly. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Efreeman, W AD - U.S. EPA Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 608 EP - 609 VL - 27 IS - 4 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - State KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13676794?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Environmental+assistance+to+the+newly+independent+states&rft.au=Efreeman%2C+W&rft.aulast=Efreeman&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=608&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: General. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A field study to evaluate leaching of aldicarb, metolachlor, and bromide in a sandy loam soil AN - 13676227; S199648928 AB - A study was conducted to characterize pesticide leaching behaviour in conventional cropping conditions and to establish the effects of sources of variability. Pesticide movement was studied in saturated and unsaturated zones of an agricultural field site in south-west Georgia, using a granular formulation of aldicarb, an emulsifiable concentrate of metolachlor and a bromide tracer. These were applied on peanut crops subject to modified conventional tillage practices. The spatial variability of pesticide applications, chemical transformation rates in the field and vertical movement of applied compounds were evaluated. A database for use in testing and developing models of pesticide transport and transformation was also compiled. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Smith, C N AU - Parrish, R S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Ga. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 562 EP - 577 VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Spatial KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13676227?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=A+field+study+to+evaluate+leaching+of+aldicarb%2C+metolachlor%2C+and+bromide+in+a+sandy+loam+soil&rft.au=Smith%2C+C+N%3BParrish%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=562&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of the relative sensitivity of three benthic invertebrates to copper-contaminated sediments from the Keweenaw waterway AN - 13675859; S199648774 AB - The relative sensitivity of the amphipod Hyalella azteca, the chironomid Chironomus tentans, and the oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus to Keweenaw waterway sediments from 11 sites in a former major copper-mining area was determined by 10-d tests. The results of water-only acute exposure to copper indicated that the survival sensitivity of H. azteca and L. variegatus was equal to and greater than that of C. tentans but exposure to sediments significantly reduced survival at 8 sites for H. azteca and at 7 sites for C. tentans. No sediment samples had a significant impact on the survival of L. variegatus, but reproduction was reduced significantly by sediments from 6 sites. Comparison of reduced survival for H. azteca and C. tentans and impaired reproduction of L. variegatus as endpoints produced some agreement in the designation of toxic sites but differences in test species lifestyles or sensitivity to physico-chemical sediment characteristics could influence sediment toxicity test results. There are 33 references. JF - Hydrobiologia AU - West, C W AU - Mattson, V R AU - Leonard, EN AU - Phipps, G C AU - Ankley, G T AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 57 EP - 63 VL - 262 IS - 1 SN - 0018-8158, 0018-8158 KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13675859?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrobiologia&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+the+relative+sensitivity+of+three+benthic+invertebrates+to+copper-contaminated+sediments+from+the+Keweenaw+waterway&rft.au=West%2C+C+W%3BMattson%2C+V+R%3BLeonard%2C+EN%3BPhipps%2C+G+C%3BAnkley%2C+G+T&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=262&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrobiologia&rft.issn=00188158&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk assessment for bioremediation AN - 13675719; S199649759 AB - Information is given which is relevant to anyone contemplating the use of bioremediation techniques for the reduction of polychlorinated biphenyl levels at contaminated sites, and who is bound by, or decides to conform to, the safety criteria imposed by the U.S. EPA before a licence to use such techniques for the purposes of research and development or for a commercial operation is granted. These criteria are set out in detail in U.S. legislation (such as the Toxic Substances Control Act, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, and the Superfund Amendments and Re-authorization Act), and in guideline documents available. In view of the large number of contaminated sites in the U.S.A. (more than 150,000 have been identified), the criteria require evidence from potential bioremediators of the effectiveness of their proposed technique, the permanence of any reduction achieved, the safety to operators and the public (especially in relation to comparative levels of risk if no remedial action was taken), and of the costs in relation to those of other processes, since these are likely to be met from Federal or State funds under the Superfund scheme. The various stages in the compilation of a risk assessment at contaminated sites, the most vulnerable of are on a national priorities list, are detailed. JF - Microbial Clean-up AU - Sayre, P G AD - U.S. EPA, Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 9 EP - 11 VL - 2 IS - 5 KW - Superfund KW - Hazard KW - Permanence KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - World health organization KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13675719?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbial+Clean-up&rft.atitle=Risk+assessment+for+bioremediation&rft.au=Sayre%2C+P+G&rft.aulast=Sayre&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbial+Clean-up&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Legislation. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alternatives to methanol-water elution of solid-phase extraction columns for the fractionation of high log Kow organic compounds in aqueous environmental samples AN - 13673948; S199648719 AB - Difficulties with the methanol-water elution sequence in the U.S. EPA's toxicity-directed method for fractionating non-polar organic toxicants in effluents and ambient waters using solid-phase extraction are considered. Modification was required for optimal efficiency when fractionating samples containing very hydrophobic toxicants such as sediment pore water. An elution scheme incorporating water, methanol and methylene chloride was designed for the more hydrophobic compounds. This modification was successful with mixtures of hydrophobic compounds in aqueous solution and sediment pore water, though further fractionation by high-performance liquid chromatography was required for better resolution with this type of compound. JF - Journal of Chromatography AU - Durhan, E AU - Lukasewycz, M AU - Baker, S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 67 EP - 74 VL - 629 IS - 1 SN - 0021-9673, 0021-9673 KW - Columns KW - Methylene chloride KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13673948?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chromatography&rft.atitle=Alternatives+to+methanol-water+elution+of+solid-phase+extraction+columns+for+the+fractionation+of+high+log+Kow+organic+compounds+in+aqueous+environmental+samples&rft.au=Durhan%2C+E%3BLukasewycz%2C+M%3BBaker%2C+S&rft.aulast=Durhan&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=629&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Chromatography&rft.issn=00219673&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laser reduces toxic organic compounds AN - 13673465; S199648964 AB - Nearly total destruction of organic contaminants around a concentration of 50 mg per litre was achieved by exposing a fraction of polluted water containing hydrogen peroxide to a laser UV source for about 50 seconds. This generated hydroxyl radicals and initiated chain reactions which continued for 40-62 h after the treated water was mixed with all the contaminated effluent. Estimated costs of a commercial process were 1-2 U.S. cents per litre. JF - Water Environment & Technology AU - Lewis, R AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 19 EP - 20 VL - 5 IS - 9 SN - 1044-9493, 1044-9493 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13673465?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Laser+reduces+toxic+organic+compounds&rft.au=Lewis%2C+R&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.issn=10449493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An independent perception of regulation in practice AN - 13673242; S199750069 AB - The regulation of water companies in England and Wales since 1989, in comparison with the historical regulation of other public utilities, is reviewed. The financing of investments, service standards and charging arrangements are discussed and possible alternatives to water metering are indicated. To be effective, regulation must be capable of evolution. JF - Journal of Institution of Water and Environmental Management AU - Walker, D L AD - Office of Water Services and Office of Electricity Regulation Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 599 EP - 606 VL - 7 IS - 6 KW - Water companies KW - Water-metering KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13673242?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Institution+of+Water+and+Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=An+independent+perception+of+regulation+in+practice&rft.au=Walker%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=599&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Institution+of+Water+and+Environmental+Management&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: General. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Amino acid composition of suspended particles, sediment-trap material, and benthic sediment in the Potomac Estuary AN - 13672933; S199750004 AB - Amino acids were examined in sediment trap material and in suspended particles in an estuarine environment to determine the amount of material produced in the euphotic zone which reached the benthic sediment and to elucidate changes in the particles during transport, using amino acids as indicators. Analysis of flux results for traps placed at various depths in the Potomac estuary suggested that resuspension together with lateral advection from adjacent slopes could account for up to 27 per cent of material in the deep traps when the estuary was unstratified. During late-summer stratification up to 15 per cent of vertical organic flux was available for benthic deposition. There are 39 references. JF - Estuaries AU - Sigleo, A C AU - Shultz, D J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Newport, Ore. Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 405 EP - 415 VL - 16 IS - 3A SN - 0160-8347, 0160-8347 KW - Analysis KW - Suspended KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13672933?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries&rft.atitle=Amino+acid+composition+of+suspended+particles%2C+sediment-trap+material%2C+and+benthic+sediment+in+the+Potomac+Estuary&rft.au=Sigleo%2C+A+C%3BShultz%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Sigleo&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3A&rft.spage=405&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries&rft.issn=01608347&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detecting very small casing leaks using the water-brine interface method AN - 1124740990; 2012-092516 JF - International Symposium on Salt [Proceedings] AU - Diamond, H W AU - Bertram, Bruce M AU - French, Pamela S AU - Petrick, Gayle D AU - Schumacher, Michael J AU - Smith, Jeffrey B Y1 - 1993 PY - 1993 DA - 1993 SP - 363 EP - 368 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 7, Vol. 1 KW - water KW - mining KW - fluid injection KW - solution mining KW - mining geology KW - brines KW - testing KW - seepage KW - 28A:Economic geology, geology of nonmetal deposits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1124740990?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Symposium+on+Salt+%5BProceedings%5D&rft.atitle=Detecting+very+small+casing+leaks+using+the+water-brine+interface+method&rft.au=Diamond%2C+H+W%3BBertram%2C+Bruce+M%3BFrench%2C+Pamela+S%3BPetrick%2C+Gayle+D%3BSchumacher%2C+Michael+J%3BSmith%2C+Jeffrey+B&rft.aulast=Diamond&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1993-01-01&rft.volume=7%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=363&rft.isbn=0444891439&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Symposium+on+Salt+%5BProceedings%5D&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Seventh symposium on Salt N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-11-01 N1 - CODEN - ISYSAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - brines; fluid injection; mining; mining geology; seepage; solution mining; testing; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced astrogliosis does not require activation of ornithine decarboxylase. AN - 73518949; 1300481 AB - Mechanical injury to the brain results in enhanced immunostaining for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) that is markedly inhibited by difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), an irreversible inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase. In the current study, systemic exposure of mice to the dopaminergic neurotoxicant, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), also increased GFAP but, unlike mechanical injury, this increase was not prevented by DFMO pretreatment. These results indicate that de novo polyamine biosynthesis is not obligatory for the MPTP-induced increase in GFAP. MPTP administration, unlike mechanical injury, does not disrupt the blood-brain barrier; thus, a role for polyamine biosynthesis in the astrocyte response to injury may be restricted to insults involving a compromised blood-brain barrier. JF - Neuroscience letters AU - O'Callaghan, J P AU - Seidler, F J AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1992/12/14/ PY - 1992 DA - 1992 Dec 14 SP - 105 EP - 108 VL - 148 IS - 1-2 SN - 0304-3940, 0304-3940 KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein KW - 0 KW - Ornithine Decarboxylase KW - EC 4.1.1.17 KW - Eflornithine KW - ZQN1G5V6SR KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - Enzyme Activation KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Female KW - Gliosis -- metabolism KW - Astrocytes -- drug effects KW - Corpus Striatum -- metabolism KW - Hippocampus -- metabolism KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- metabolism KW - Eflornithine -- pharmacology KW - Gliosis -- enzymology KW - Corpus Striatum -- enzymology KW - Hippocampus -- drug effects KW - Ornithine Decarboxylase -- metabolism KW - MPTP Poisoning KW - Corpus Striatum -- drug effects KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- analysis KW - Hippocampus -- enzymology KW - Gliosis -- chemically induced KW - Astrocytes -- pathology KW - Astrocytes -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73518949?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuroscience+letters&rft.atitle=1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1%2C2%2C3%2C6-tetrahydropyridine+%28MPTP%29-induced+astrogliosis+does+not+require+activation+of+ornithine+decarboxylase.&rft.au=O%27Callaghan%2C+J+P%3BSeidler%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=O%27Callaghan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1992-12-14&rft.volume=148&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuroscience+letters&rft.issn=03043940&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-05-26 N1 - Date created - 1993-05-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sources of genotoxicity and cancer risk in ambient air. AN - 75521072; 1306129 AB - Products of incomplete combustion are identified as a major source of carcinogenic risk in urban areas, especially those from small non-industrial sources. The major ubiquitous emission sources outdoors in populated areas are residential home heating and motor vehicles. Indoors the major combustion source is environmental tobacco smoke. Polycyclic organic matter adsorbed onto the particles emitted from incomplete combustion are estimated to make the largest contribution to human genotoxic and cancer risk. Mutagenic emission factors combined with dispersion modelling indicated that automobiles and heating sources were major sources of mutagens. Ambient air studies to apportion the sources of mutagens in non-industrial areas confirmed this prediction. To apportion and estimate the cancer risk of ambient organic matter from particles in vivo animal tumour data, receptor modelling and human exposure data were combined. Tumourigenicity studies of the source apportioned ambient organic matter provided the relative tumour potencies of two ambient samples of different source composition. The human cancer unit risks were developed based on the comparative potency method using tumour data from these ambient samples. Residential wood combustion accounted for 75% of the exposure to particle associated organics, but only 20% of the estimated cancer risk. The remaining 80% of the risk appears to be associated with the mobile source component and atmospheric transformation products from these source emissions. JF - Pharmacogenetics AU - Lewtas, J AU - Lewis, C AU - Zweidinger, R AU - Stevens, R AU - Cupitt, L AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1992/12// PY - 1992 DA - December 1992 SP - 288 EP - 296 VL - 2 IS - 6 SN - 0960-314X, 0960-314X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - Mutagens KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- adverse effects KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Neoplasms -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75521072?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacogenetics&rft.atitle=Sources+of+genotoxicity+and+cancer+risk+in+ambient+air.&rft.au=Lewtas%2C+J%3BLewis%2C+C%3BZweidinger%2C+R%3BStevens%2C+R%3BCupitt%2C+L&rft.aulast=Lewtas&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1992-12-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=288&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacogenetics&rft.issn=0960314X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-08-05 N1 - Date created - 1993-08-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Safety/risk assessment of pesticides: principles, procedures and examples. AN - 73454253; 1471237 AB - The principles and procedures for the assessment of the safety/risk of chemical used by the relevant WHO and EPA expert groups are outlined. The assessment in terms of acceptable daily intakes (ADIs) and reference doses (RfDs) of 25 pesticides is listed. The pesticides assessed are acephate, alachlor, amitrole, azinphos-methyl, benomyl, biphenthrin, bromophos, chlordane, chlorthalonil, cyhalothrin, DDT, EPTC, ethion, folpet, fosetyl-al, glyphosate, isofenphos, methomyl, methyl mercury, paraquat, phosphamidon, systhane, terbutyn, tribultyltin oxide, and vinclozin. In addition, their critical effects, the no-observed-effect levels and the size of the safety/uncertainty factors used are also listed to illustrate the diversity of the toxic effects and the resulting assessments. Furthermore, the enormous amount of data reviewed and the complex scientific judgement involved are also indicated. Considering the various uncertainties existing, the ADIs and RfDs do not differ appreciably in most instances. However, marked differences exist between the ADIs and RfDs of DDT and chlordane. It is suggested that re-evaluation be done on these, and perhaps other, chemicals. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Lu, F C AU - Dourson, M L AD - Systemic Toxicants Assessment Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH. Y1 - 1992/12// PY - 1992 DA - December 1992 SP - 783 EP - 787 VL - 64-65 Spec No SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - DDT KW - CIW5S16655 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - DDT -- toxicity KW - Pesticides -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73454253?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=Safety%2Frisk+assessment+of+pesticides%3A+principles%2C+procedures+and+examples.&rft.au=Lu%2C+F+C%3BDourson%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1992-12-01&rft.volume=64-65+Spec+No&rft.issue=&rft.spage=783&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-01-25 N1 - Date created - 1993-01-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Principles of identifying and characterizing neurotoxicity. AN - 73414643; 1471176 AB - There is currently considerable interest in the neurotoxic effects of environmental pollutants. Some of this interest is due to epidemiological, clinical and laboratory studies showing that the nervous system is a target for many toxic substances. The interest is also due to a realization of how little is actually known about the neurotoxicity of most environmental pollutants. Laboratory research in neurotoxicology can be viewed as having two distinct approaches that focus on either the identification or the characterization of neurotoxic substances. Research on the identification of neurotoxicity deals mainly with the screening of chemicals for neurotoxicity. There has been a long-standing tradition of screening chemicals for neurotoxicity. There have, however, been several recent developments that are likely to improve our ability to identify neurotoxic substances, including more detailed assessments of a variety of behavioral and neurological functions. Research on the characterization of neurotoxicity deals mainly with efforts to discover the mechanism(s) of action of neurotoxic substances. This type of research has in some cases significantly advanced our knowledge of neurotoxic effects (e.g., acrylamide, n-hexane). Characterization-based research addresses many of the extrapolation issues of concern in toxicology (e.g., acute to chronic, high-dose to low-dose), and specifically attempts to interrelate the cellular, molecular and functional (neurophysiological, neurobehavioral) effects of toxic substances. These two research approaches represent critical elements of a tiered testing approach that could ultimately lead to more efficient testing protocols and a more comprehensive understanding of pollutant-induced neurotoxic risk in human populations. JF - Toxicology letters AU - MacPhail, R C AD - Neurotoxicology Division, Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1992/12// PY - 1992 DA - December 1992 SP - 209 EP - 215 VL - 64-65 Spec No SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Toxicology -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73414643?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=Principles+of+identifying+and+characterizing+neurotoxicity.&rft.au=MacPhail%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=MacPhail&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1992-12-01&rft.volume=64-65+Spec+No&rft.issue=&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-01-25 N1 - Date created - 1993-01-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chromatin remodeling in mammalian zygotes. AN - 73359151; 1279407 AB - With sperm-egg fusion at the time of fertilization the gamete nuclei are remodeled from genetically quiescent structures into pronuclei capable of DNA synthesis. Features of this process that are critical to insure the genetic integrity of the zygote and the success of subsequent embryonic development include: oocyte responses that prevent polyspermy; completion of the 2nd meiotic division by the oocyte; exchange of proteins in the sperm nucleus; and, remodelling of the oocyte chromosomes and sperm nucleus into functional pronuclei. Elucidation of the biological and molecular mechanisms underlying zygote formation and chromatin remodeling should enhance our understanding of the potential vulnerability of the zygote to toxicant-induced damage. JF - Mutation research AU - Perreault, S D AD - Reproductive Toxicology Branch (MD-72), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1992/12// PY - 1992 DA - December 1992 SP - 43 EP - 55 VL - 296 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Chromatin KW - 0 KW - Histones KW - Protamines KW - Index Medicus KW - Spermatozoa -- physiology KW - Animals KW - Meiosis KW - Cell Nucleus -- ultrastructure KW - Sperm-Ovum Interactions KW - Humans KW - Histones -- metabolism KW - Protamines -- metabolism KW - Cell Nucleus -- physiology KW - Oocytes -- physiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Zygote -- physiology KW - Chromatin -- physiology KW - Chromatin -- ultrastructure KW - Zygote -- ultrastructure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73359151?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Chromatin+remodeling+in+mammalian+zygotes.&rft.au=Perreault%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Perreault&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1992-12-01&rft.volume=296&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-12-14 N1 - Date created - 1992-12-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bacterial metabolism of naphthalene: construction and use of recombinant bacteria to study ring cleavage of 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene and subsequent reactions. AN - 73349310; 1447127 AB - The reactions involved in the bacterial metabolism of naphthalene to salicylate have been reinvestigated by using recombinant bacteria carrying genes cloned from plasmid NAH7. When intact cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 carrying DNA fragments encoding the first three enzymes of the pathway were incubated with naphthalene, they formed products of the dioxygenase-catalyzed ring cleavage of 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene. These products were separated by chromatography on Sephadex G-25 and were identified by 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry as 2-hydroxychromene-2-carboxylate (HCCA) and trans-o-hydroxybenzylidenepyruvate (tHBPA). HCCA was detected as the first reaction product in these incubation mixtures by its characteristic UV spectrum, which slowly changed to a spectrum indicative of an equilibrium mixture of HCCA and tHBPA. Isomerization of either purified product occurred slowly and spontaneously to give an equilibrium mixture of essentially the same composition. tHBPA is also formed from HCCA by the action of an isomerase enzyme encoded by plasmid NAH7. The gene encoding this enzyme, nahD, was cloned on a 1.95-kb KpnI-BglII fragment. Extracts of Escherichia coli JM109 carrying this fragment catalyzed the rapid equilibration of HCCA and tHBPA. Metabolism of tHBPA to salicylaldehyde by hydration and aldol cleavage is catalyzed by a single enzyme encoded by a 1-kb MluI-StuI restriction fragment. A mechanism for the hydratase-aldolase-catalyzed reaction is proposed. The salicylaldehyde dehydrogenase gene, nahF, was cloned on a 2.75-kb BamHI fragment which also carries the naphthalene dihydrodiol dehydrogenase gene, nahB. On the basis of the identification of the enzymes encoded by various clones, the gene order for the nah operon was shown to be p, A, B, F, C, E, D. JF - Journal of bacteriology AU - Eaton, R W AU - Chapman, P J AD - Environmental Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561. Y1 - 1992/12// PY - 1992 DA - December 1992 SP - 7542 EP - 7554 VL - 174 IS - 23 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - Aldehydes KW - 0 KW - DNA, Recombinant KW - Naphthalenes KW - Naphthols KW - Salicylates KW - salicylaldehyde KW - 17K64GZH20 KW - naphthalene KW - 2166IN72UN KW - 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene KW - 2R5017T335 KW - Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.- KW - Aldehyde Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.2.- KW - salicylaldehyde dehydrogenase KW - Hydro-Lyases KW - EC 4.2.1.- KW - trans-2-hydroxybenzylidenepyruvate hydratase-aldolase KW - Isomerases KW - EC 5.- KW - Intramolecular Oxidoreductases KW - EC 5.3.- KW - 2-hydroxychromene-2-carboxylate isomerase KW - EC 5.3.99.- KW - Salicylic Acid KW - O414PZ4LPZ KW - Index Medicus KW - Isomerases -- metabolism KW - Aldehyde Oxidoreductases -- genetics KW - Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet KW - Escherichia coli -- genetics KW - Models, Biological KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - Gene Deletion KW - Oxidoreductases -- genetics KW - Oxidoreductases -- metabolism KW - Restriction Mapping KW - Hydro-Lyases -- genetics KW - Aldehydes -- metabolism KW - Aldehyde Oxidoreductases -- metabolism KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Isomerases -- genetics KW - Salicylates -- metabolism KW - Hydro-Lyases -- metabolism KW - Pseudomonas aeruginosa -- metabolism KW - Naphthalenes -- metabolism KW - Pseudomonas aeruginosa -- genetics KW - Plasmids -- genetics KW - Pseudomonas aeruginosa -- enzymology KW - Naphthols -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73349310?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+bacteriology&rft.atitle=Bacterial+metabolism+of+naphthalene%3A+construction+and+use+of+recombinant+bacteria+to+study+ring+cleavage+of+1%2C2-dihydroxynaphthalene+and+subsequent+reactions.&rft.au=Eaton%2C+R+W%3BChapman%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Eaton&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1992-12-01&rft.volume=174&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=7542&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-12-30 N1 - Date created - 1992-12-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Bacteriol. 1978 Jul;135(1):227-38 [97269] Arch Biochem Biophys. 1964 Nov;108:323-33 [14240585] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1976 Oct 4;72(3):1116-21 [985513] Gene. 1991 Jan 2;97(1):39-47 [1847347] J Bacteriol. 1990 Jan;172(1):457-64 [2294092] J Biol Chem. 1989 Sep 15;264(26):15328-33 [2670937] Gene. 1985;39(2-3):305-10 [3005115] Gene. 1986;45(3):247-52 [3026911] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1971 May 18;237(2):361-4 [4328397] J Bacteriol. 1974 Sep;119(3):1072-4 [4605400] Arch Biochem Biophys. 1971 Jan;142(1):394-6 [5545490] Anal Biochem. 1981 Jun;114(1):193-7 [6269464] J Bacteriol. 1983 Feb;153(2):822-9 [6296054] J Bacteriol. 1981 Jan;145(1):145-55 [6780510] J Bacteriol. 1983 Aug;155(2):505-11 [6874638] J Bacteriol. 1982 Mar;149(3):948-54 [7037744] J Bacteriol. 1980 Aug;143(2):668-73 [7204331] Biochem J. 1965 Jun;95:819-31 [14342521] Biochemistry. 1975 Feb 11;14(3):575-84 [234247] J Biochem. 1979 Dec;86(6):1671-7 [528534] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Oct;72(10):3961-5 [1105573] J Bacteriol. 1991 Feb;173(3):1215-22 [1846859] J Bacteriol. 1991 Jun;173(12):3795-802 [2050635] J Bacteriol. 1990 Jan;172(1):465-8 [2294093] Methods Enzymol. 1987;155:177-204 [2828864] Gene. 1985;33(1):103-19 [2985470] J Bacteriol. 1986 Oct;168(1):123-31 [3019995] Gene. 1988 Dec 20;73(2):355-62 [3243438] Crit Rev Microbiol. 1988;15(3):247-68 [3288442] J Bacteriol. 1974 Feb;117(2):619-30 [4590480] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1969 Apr;62(4):1159-66 [4894690] Biochem J. 1964 May;91(2):251-61 [5838388] Anal Biochem. 1981 Apr;112(2):295-8 [6266279] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Feb;79(3):874-8 [6278499] Gene. 1982 Dec;20(2):219-29 [6299889] Science. 1983 Oct 14;222(4620):167-9 [6353574] J Biochem. 1983 Feb;93(2):557-65 [6841353] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Dec;77(12):7347-51 [7012838] J Bacteriol. 1982 Jul;151(1):48-57 [7085570] J Bacteriol. 1982 Dec;152(3):1154-62 [7142106] Gene. 1977;2(2):95-113 [344137] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coalbed gas; Conclusion, Diverse projects worldwide include mined, unmined coals AN - 50982472; 1993-001832 JF - Oil & Gas Journal AU - Boyer, Charles M, II AU - Kelafant, Jonathan R AU - Kruger, Dina Y1 - 1992/12// PY - 1992 DA - December 1992 SP - 36 EP - 41 PB - PennWell, Tulsa, OK VL - 90 IS - 50 SN - 0030-1388, 0030-1388 KW - petroleum exploration KW - sedimentary rocks KW - organic residues KW - development KW - natural gas KW - coal KW - global KW - coalbed methane KW - petroleum KW - coal exploration KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50982472?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oil+%26+Gas+Journal&rft.atitle=Coalbed+gas%3B+Conclusion%2C+Diverse+projects+worldwide+include+mined%2C+unmined+coals&rft.au=Boyer%2C+Charles+M%2C+II%3BKelafant%2C+Jonathan+R%3BKruger%2C+Dina&rft.aulast=Boyer&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=1992-12-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=50&rft.spage=36&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Oil+%26+Gas+Journal&rft.issn=00301388&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ogj.pennnet.com/home.cfm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - OIGJAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - coal; coal exploration; coalbed methane; development; global; natural gas; organic residues; petroleum; petroleum exploration; sedimentary rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wellhead protection effects on agricultural and rural areas AN - 50059938; 1996-017041 JF - International Winter Meeting - American Society of Agricultural Engineers AU - Ray, Bart W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1992/12// PY - 1992 DA - December 1992 SP - 7 PB - American Society of Agricultural Engineers, St. Joseph, MI VL - 1992 KW - wells KW - water use KW - United States KW - protection KW - programs KW - pollutants KW - public policy KW - legislation KW - agriculture KW - pollution KW - Safe Drinking Water Act KW - nonpoint sources KW - drinking water KW - preventive measures KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - wellhead protection KW - detection KW - rural environment KW - policy KW - chemical composition KW - water wells KW - point sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50059938?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Winter+Meeting+-+American+Society+of+Agricultural+Engineers&rft.atitle=Wellhead+protection+effects+on+agricultural+and+rural+areas&rft.au=Ray%2C+Bart+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ray&rft.aufirst=Bart&rft.date=1992-12-01&rft.volume=1992&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Winter+Meeting+-+American+Society+of+Agricultural+Engineers&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1992 international winter meeting of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Availability - National Agricultural Library, Beltsville, MD, United States N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Paper No. 92-2508 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03996 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; aquifers; chemical composition; detection; drinking water; ground water; legislation; nonpoint sources; point sources; policy; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; programs; protection; public policy; rural environment; Safe Drinking Water Act; United States; water use; water wells; wellhead protection; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Encouraging Better Field Instrumentaton Is the Name of Our Game AN - 19142512; 9306269 AB - The program the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has in place to develop better field instrumentation is the Advanced Field Monitoring Methods Program (AFMMP), administered by the Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory-Las Vegas (EMSL-LV). The AFMMP was established in fiscal year 1988 to provide the US EPA Regional and contractor staffs with information on alternative monitoring, measurement, and characterization technologies for faster and better decision-making in the field. The principal elements of the program derive from the Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE) program. The AFMMP has a number of important components. Chief among them is the Demonstration Program. Through field testing and subsequent data evaluation, new or alternative technologies can be brought to bear for assessing the nature and extent of contamination at Superfund sites. Two demonstrations have been done to date. One demonstration focused on two immunoassay methods for the analysis of pentachlorophenol in water. The other was a side-by-side demonstration of portable gas chromatographs. In the summer of 1990, three demonstrations are planned: portable ion-mobility spectrometers; a portable mass spectrometer; and a field immunoassay kit for measuring benzene, toluene, and xylene in water. A number of emerging technologies are also being developed, including: high resolution Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry; a system for automatically tracking and recording positional information during sample collection; additional immunoassay kits including polychlorinated biphenyls, parathion/paraoxon, nitroaromatics, ethylbenzene, and phenol; field portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometers; interpretive software for a new surface geophysical technique that produces high resolution images of the shallow subsurface; and various air monitoring technologies including sorbents and sector samplers. (See also W93-06254) (Rochester-PTT) JF - IN: Hazardous Waste Site Investigations: Toward Better Decisions. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, Florida. 1992. p 209-217, 2 fig, 7 ref. AU - Koglin, EN AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Monitoring Systems Lab., Las Vegas, NV Y1 - 1992/12// PY - 1992 DA - Dec 1992 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - *Field tests KW - *Hazardous wastes KW - *Instrumentation KW - *Monitoring KW - Advanced Field Monitoring Methods Progra KW - Chromatographs KW - Environmental Protection Agency KW - Immunoassay KW - Measuring instruments KW - Organic compounds KW - Spectrometers KW - Technology KW - Technology transfer KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19142512?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Encouraging+Better+Field+Instrumentaton+Is+the+Name+of+Our+Game&rft.au=Koglin%2C+EN&rft.aulast=Koglin&rft.aufirst=EN&rft.date=1992-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surfactants and Subsurface Remediation AN - 19137887; 9304411 AB - As a result of the limitations of pump-and-treat technology, attention is now focused on the feasibility using surfactants (surface active agents) to increase its efficiency. Environmental studies concerned with the fate and transport of surface-active compounds in the subsurface environment have been reviewed, and key issues related to their successful use for in situ aquifer remediation assessed. Factors that must be considered include solubilization, mobilization, stability, sorption and precipitation. The viability of a surfactant-based remediation process depends on selecting surfactants for optimum efficiency, environmental acceptability, and balanced biological degradation. The cost of using surfactants versus alternative remediation technologies must be balanced against the differences in contaminant recovery. It is critical to ascertain that the use of surfactants in subsurface remediation will not add to the deterioration of the groundwater. (White-Reimer-PTT) JF - Environmental Science and Technology ESTHAG, Vol. 26, No. 12, p 2324-2330, December 1992. 4 fig, 1 tab, 78 ref. AU - West, C C AU - Harwell, J H AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Ada, OK Y1 - 1992/12// PY - 1992 DA - Dec 1992 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - *Aquifer restoration KW - *Groundwater pollution KW - *In situ treatment KW - *Site remediation KW - *Surfactants KW - *Water pollution treatment KW - Aquifers KW - Cleanup operations KW - Costs KW - Path of pollutants KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19137887?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Surfactants+and+Subsurface+Remediation&rft.au=West%2C+C+C%3BHarwell%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1992-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applied geologic, microbiological, and engineering constraints of in-situ BTEX bioremediation AN - 1722155124; 2015-097230 AB - An in-situ bioremediation project has been designed and constructed for a site in south-central Kansas just north of Wichita. A pipeline leaked an unknown quantity of refinedfuels in the 1970s. The spill was undetected until hydrocarbons were found in a nearby municipal water supply well. Of concern, from a regulatory perspective, are the alkylbenzene components found in the groundwater, including benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX). Initial abatement procedures, including free product removal and pumping, had become ineffective. In-situ bioremediation was selected to complete the restoration process. The project emphasizes the need for a strong understanding of the geologic and hydrogeologic conditions prevalent under the site. Site studies were conducted to determine the distribution and mass of the contaminant and the hydraulic regime. Laboratory microbial studies were used to determine the efficacy of nitrate as a primary electron acceptor. Information from site studies was used to design a treatment system tailored to the requirements of the site. The treatment system is designed to deliver the maximum amount of nutrient-enriched water to the contaminated zone while maintaining hydraulic control of the site. Abstract Copyright (1993), Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company. JF - Remediation (New York, NY) AU - Kennedy, Lonnie G AU - Hutchins, Stephen R Y1 - 1992/12// PY - 1992 DA - December 1992 SP - 83 EP - 107 PB - John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY VL - 3 IS - 1 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - Wichita Kansas KW - in situ KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - BTEX KW - pipelines KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - nutrients KW - alkylbenzenes KW - organic compounds KW - Kansas KW - water treatment KW - hydrocarbons KW - Sedgwick County Kansas KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722155124?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.atitle=Applied+geologic%2C+microbiological%2C+and+engineering+constraints+of+in-situ+BTEX+bioremediation&rft.au=Kennedy%2C+Lonnie+G%3BHutchins%2C+Stephen+R&rft.aulast=Kennedy&rft.aufirst=Lonnie&rft.date=1992-12-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frem.3440030107 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291520-6831 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkylbenzenes; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; bioremediation; BTEX; contaminant plumes; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; Kansas; microorganisms; nutrients; organic compounds; pipelines; pollution; remediation; Sedgwick County Kansas; United States; water treatment; Wichita Kansas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rem.3440030107 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A weight-of-evidence approach for assessing interactions in chemical mixtures. AN - 75535021; 7570620 AB - The risk assessment process must encompass all available toxicological data and scientific evidence on the plausible toxicities of a chemical or chemical mixture. As an extension to the approaches used to conduct risk assessments on chemical mixtures, a preliminary scheme, analogous to the IARC classification of carcinogens, is proposed to express the weight of evidence for the interactions in binary mixtures. This scheme is based on composite representation of all the toxicological evidence from animal bioassays and human data, pharmacokinetics studies, metabolism studies, and structure activity relationships. In addition, factors such as the relevance of route, duration and sequence of exposure, toxicological significance of interactions and the quality of in vivo and in vitro data are taken into consideration. The scheme yields an alphanumeric classification that can be used for qualitative risk assessment, and has the potential, as demonstrated in this paper, for quantitative application to site-specific risk assessments. Furthermore, the scheme can be used to estimate interactions or form hypotheses concerning binary interactions. It is flexible and allows all pertinent information to be incorporated in a methodical and consistent manner. Research is needed to identify interaction patterns for simultaneous and sequential exposure scenarios of chemical pollutants in order that this scheme may be developed further and its usefulness and limitations may be tested. JF - Toxicology and industrial health AU - Mumtaz, M M AU - Durkin, P R AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. PY - 1992 SP - 377 EP - 406 VL - 8 IS - 6 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Benzene Derivatives KW - 0 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated KW - Cadmium KW - 00BH33GNGH KW - Selenium KW - H6241UJ22B KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Benzene Derivatives -- toxicity KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated -- toxicity KW - Selenium -- toxicity KW - Cadmium -- toxicity KW - Models, Chemical KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Risk Assessment KW - Drug Interactions KW - Hazardous Substances -- pharmacokinetics KW - Hazardous Substances -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75535021?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+industrial+health&rft.atitle=A+weight-of-evidence+approach+for+assessing+interactions+in+chemical+mixtures.&rft.au=Mumtaz%2C+M+M%3BDurkin%2C+P+R&rft.aulast=Mumtaz&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1992-11-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=377&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+industrial+health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-07 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anomalous phosphorylated neurofilament aggregations in central and peripheral axons of hens treated with tri-ortho-cresyl phosphate (TOCP). AN - 73411498; 1469747 AB - Previous biochemical studies demonstrated a dramatic increase in phosphorylation of cytoskeletal proteins that occurs early in organophosphorus ester-induced delayed neurotoxicity (OPIDN). In this report we present immunohistochemical evidence that there is anomalous aggregation of phosphorylated neurofilaments within central and peripheral axons following organophosphate exposure. The morphology, location, and time of appearance of these aggregations are consistent with the hypothesis that the aberrant phosphorylation of cytoskeletal elements is an antecedent to the focal axonal swelling and degeneration characteristic of OPIDN. JF - Journal of neuroscience research AU - Jensen, K F AU - Lapadula, D M AU - Anderson, J K AU - Haykal-Coates, N AU - Abou-Donia, M B AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Y1 - 1992/11// PY - 1992 DA - November 1992 SP - 455 EP - 460 VL - 33 IS - 3 SN - 0360-4012, 0360-4012 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Tritolyl Phosphates KW - tri-o-cresyl phosphate KW - X8II18JD0A KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Chickens KW - Phosphorylation KW - Spinal Cord -- drug effects KW - Sciatic Nerve -- metabolism KW - Peripheral Nerves -- drug effects KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Sciatic Nerve -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Spinal Cord -- cytology KW - Intermediate Filaments -- metabolism KW - Tritolyl Phosphates -- toxicity KW - Axons -- metabolism KW - Axons -- drug effects KW - Intermediate Filaments -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73411498?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+neuroscience+research&rft.atitle=Anomalous+phosphorylated+neurofilament+aggregations+in+central+and+peripheral+axons+of+hens+treated+with+tri-ortho-cresyl+phosphate+%28TOCP%29.&rft.au=Jensen%2C+K+F%3BLapadula%2C+D+M%3BAnderson%2C+J+K%3BHaykal-Coates%2C+N%3BAbou-Donia%2C+M+B&rft.aulast=Jensen&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1992-11-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=455&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+neuroscience+research&rft.issn=03604012&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-01-25 N1 - Date created - 1993-01-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Paraoxon toxicity is not potentiated by prior reduction in blood acetylcholinesterase. AN - 73346420; 1440604 AB - The role of blood acetylcholinesterase in moderating the effects of organophosphate challenge in rats was tested. Adult male rats (n = 42) were injected (iv) either with monoclonal antibodies (MAb) to rat acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7; AChE) or normal mouse IgG (controls). Two days later, the rats were injected (sc) with either a mild (0.17 mg/kg) or moderate dosage (0.34 mg/kg) of paraoxon or with vehicle. Neurological integrity was assessed by a functional observational battery followed by motor activity, 3 to 4 hr after dosing. Blood, brain, and diaphragm tissues were then collected for determination of AChE activity. MAb treatment reduced whole blood and plasma AChE activity by 32 and 90%, respectively, but did not affect neurobehavioral parameters or the AChE activity of brain or diaphragm. The paraoxon challenge produced dose-related neurobehavioral changes and inhibition of brain and diaphragm AChE activity to the same extent in IgG- and MAb-treated rats. Thus, significant loss in blood AChE alone produced no detectable neurobehavioral deficits and did not alter the subsequent responses to paraoxon challenge. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Padilla, S AU - Moser, V C AU - Pope, C N AU - Brimijoin, W S AD - Neurotoxicology Division (MD-74B), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1992/11// PY - 1992 DA - November 1992 SP - 110 EP - 115 VL - 117 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Acetylcholinesterase KW - EC 3.1.1.7 KW - Paraoxon KW - Q9CX8P80JW KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Rats KW - Brain -- enzymology KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Drug Synergism KW - Diaphragm -- enzymology KW - Male KW - Paraoxon -- toxicity KW - Acetylcholinesterase -- immunology KW - Acetylcholinesterase -- blood KW - Acetylcholinesterase -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73346420?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Paraoxon+toxicity+is+not+potentiated+by+prior+reduction+in+blood+acetylcholinesterase.&rft.au=Padilla%2C+S%3BMoser%2C+V+C%3BPope%2C+C+N%3BBrimijoin%2C+W+S&rft.aulast=Padilla&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1992-11-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=110&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-12-15 N1 - Date created - 1992-12-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PCR primers specific for detection of a rat repetitive sequence. AN - 73279774; 1418961 JF - BioTechniques AU - Mass, M J AU - Roop, B C AD - Carcinogenesis and Metabolism Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1992/11// PY - 1992 DA - November 1992 SP - 676 EP - 678 VL - 13 IS - 5 SN - 0736-6205, 0736-6205 KW - DNA, Single-Stranded KW - 0 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Base Sequence KW - Humans KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - DNA -- analysis KW - Mice KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction -- methods KW - Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73279774?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioTechniques&rft.atitle=PCR+primers+specific+for+detection+of+a+rat+repetitive+sequence.&rft.au=Mass%2C+M+J%3BRoop%2C+B+C&rft.aulast=Mass&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1992-11-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=676&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioTechniques&rft.issn=07366205&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-12-10 N1 - Date created - 1992-12-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bone cancer risk estimates. AN - 73219332; 1290512 AB - Due to confusion between endosteal (bone surface) dose and average skeletal dose, ICRP 60 has substantially overestimated the risk of radiogenic bone cancer. This confusion apparently stems from an incorrect reading of the BEIR IV report, which does not clearly draw this distinction. It should also be noted that what appear to be summary numerical risk estimates for bone sarcoma induction in BEIR IV and BEIR V refer only to average skeletal dose as calculated for 224Ra. JF - Health physics AU - Puskin, J S AU - Nelson, N S AU - Nelson, C B AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460. Y1 - 1992/11// PY - 1992 DA - November 1992 SP - 579 EP - 580 VL - 63 IS - 5 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Bone Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Osteosarcoma -- etiology KW - Bone Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Osteosarcoma -- epidemiology KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73219332?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+physics&rft.atitle=Bone+cancer+risk+estimates.&rft.au=Puskin%2C+J+S%3BNelson%2C+N+S%3BNelson%2C+C+B&rft.aulast=Puskin&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1992-11-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=579&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-11-19 N1 - Date created - 1992-11-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Health Phys. 1992 Nov;63(5):590 [1399647] Health Phys. 1993 Apr;64(4):433-4 [8449729] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Calculated reentry interval for table grape harvesters working in California vineyards treated with methomyl. AN - 73214908; 1392310 JF - Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Dong, M H AU - Krieger, R I AU - Ross, J H AD - California Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Pesticide Regulation, Sacramento 95814. Y1 - 1992/11// PY - 1992 DA - November 1992 SP - 708 EP - 714 VL - 49 IS - 5 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - Methomyl KW - 1NQ08HN02S KW - Index Medicus KW - California KW - Half-Life KW - Humans KW - Fruit KW - Time Factors KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Methomyl -- adverse effects KW - Methomyl -- chemistry KW - Agricultural Workers' Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Agricultural Workers' Diseases -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73214908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Calculated+reentry+interval+for+table+grape+harvesters+working+in+California+vineyards+treated+with+methomyl.&rft.au=Dong%2C+M+H%3BKrieger%2C+R+I%3BRoss%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Dong&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1992-11-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=708&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-11-12 N1 - Date created - 1992-11-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applicability of atomic force microscopy (AFM) for studying surface morphology, structure, and reactivity of micaceous minerals AN - 52762412; 1997-009769 JF - Agronomy Abstracts AU - Yu, Y S AU - Bailey, G W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1992/11// PY - 1992 DA - November 1992 SP - 362 PB - American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI VL - 84 SN - 0375-5495, 0375-5495 KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - muscovite KW - atomic force microscopy KW - hydrolysis KW - crystal structure KW - clay minerals KW - morphology KW - chemical reactions KW - mica group KW - precipitation KW - sheet silicates KW - vermiculite KW - reduction KW - activity KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52762412?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Applicability+of+atomic+force+microscopy+%28AFM%29+for+studying+surface+morphology%2C+structure%2C+and+reactivity+of+micaceous+minerals&rft.au=Yu%2C+Y+S%3BBailey%2C+G+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Yu&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1992-11-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=&rft.spage=362&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.issn=03755495&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1992 annual meetings; American Society of Agronomy, 84th annual meeting; Crop Science Society of America; Soil Science Society of America; Clay Minerals Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AGABBE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - activity; atomic force microscopy; chemical reactions; clay minerals; crystal structure; experimental studies; hydrolysis; mica group; morphology; muscovite; precipitation; reduction; sheet silicates; silicates; vermiculite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reduction of structural iron in Na-smectite by different reducing agents AN - 52762004; 1997-009805 JF - Agronomy Abstracts AU - Gan, H AU - Stucki, J W AU - Bailey, G W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1992/11// PY - 1992 DA - November 1992 SP - 370 PB - American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI VL - 84 SN - 0375-5495, 0375-5495 KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - ascorbic acid KW - alkali metals KW - smectite KW - sodium KW - iron KW - clay minerals KW - dithionite KW - metals KW - sheet silicates KW - reduction KW - Eh KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52762004?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Reduction+of+structural+iron+in+Na-smectite+by+different+reducing+agents&rft.au=Gan%2C+H%3BStucki%2C+J+W%3BBailey%2C+G+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gan&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1992-11-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=&rft.spage=370&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.issn=03755495&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1992 annual meetings; American Society of Agronomy, 84th annual meeting; Crop Science Society of America; Soil Science Society of America; Clay Minerals Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AGABBE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; ascorbic acid; clay minerals; dithionite; Eh; experimental studies; iron; metals; reduction; sheet silicates; silicates; smectite; sodium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mission and activities of the Soil Chemistry Division (S-2) of the Soil Science Society of America AN - 52761605; 1997-009658 JF - Agronomy Abstracts AU - Zelazny, L W AU - Loeppert, R H AU - Bailey, G W AU - O'Connor, G A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1992/11// PY - 1992 DA - November 1992 SP - 247 PB - American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI VL - 84 SN - 0375-5495, 0375-5495 KW - soils KW - Soil Science Society of America KW - practice KW - associations KW - geochemistry KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52761605?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Mission+and+activities+of+the+Soil+Chemistry+Division+%28S-2%29+of+the+Soil+Science+Society+of+America&rft.au=Zelazny%2C+L+W%3BLoeppert%2C+R+H%3BBailey%2C+G+W%3BO%27Connor%2C+G+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zelazny&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1992-11-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.issn=03755495&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1992 annual meetings; American Society of Agronomy, 84th annual meeting; Crop Science Society of America; Soil Science Society of America; Clay Minerals Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AGABBE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - associations; geochemistry; practice; Soil Science Society of America; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An exact peak capturing and oscillation-free scheme to solve advection-dispersion transport equations AN - 50184681; 1995-019874 AB - An exact peak capturing and essentially oscillation-free (EPCOF) algorithm, consisting of advection-dispersion decoupling, backward method of characteristics, forward node tracking, and adaptive local grid refinement, is developed to solve transport equations. This algorithm represents a refinement of LEZOOM, developed earlier by the senior author. In LEZOOM, a predetermined number of evenly spaced, hidden nodes was zoomed for a sharp front element, while in the EPCOF scheme, a subset of forwardly tracked nodes is zoomed. The number and location of this subset were automated. As a result, the peaks and valleys are captured exactly; and the ancillary problems of spurious oscillation, numerical dispersion, and phase errors are alleviated. Means of checking accumulated mass balance errors are provided. Application of the algorithm to two one-dimensional benchmark problems under a variety of conditions indicated that it completely eliminated peak clipping, spurious oscillation, phase error, and numerical dispersion. It yielded identical results, within the error tolerance, to exact solutions for all 19 test cases. Accumulated mass balance errors are extremely small for all 19 cases. The EPCOF scheme could solve the advective transport problems exactly, within any prescribed error tolerance, using mesh Peclet numbers ranging from 0 to infinity and very large mesh Courant numbers. The size of mesh Courant number is limited only by the accuracy requirement of the dispersion solver. Extension of this approach to multidimensional problems does not pose any conceptual difficulty and should alleviate the grid orientation trouble associated with such problems. Copyright 1992 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Yeh, Gour-Tsyh AU - Chang, Jing-Ru AU - Short, Thomas E Y1 - 1992/11// PY - 1992 DA - November 1992 SP - 2937 EP - 2951 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 28 IS - 11 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - models KW - numerical models KW - transport KW - movement KW - mathematical methods KW - algorithms KW - water balance KW - advection KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50184681?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=An+exact+peak+capturing+and+oscillation-free+scheme+to+solve+advection-dispersion+transport+equations&rft.au=Yeh%2C+Gour-Tsyh%3BChang%2C+Jing-Ru%3BShort%2C+Thomas+E&rft.aulast=Yeh&rft.aufirst=Gour-Tsyh&rft.date=1992-11-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2937&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F92WR01751 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; algorithms; ground water; mathematical methods; models; movement; numerical models; transport; water balance DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/92WR01751 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Proposed updated guidance for environmental fate field studies for pesticides AN - 50101480; 1996-008943 JF - Agronomy Abstracts AU - Mastradone, P J AU - Breithaupt, J AU - Hannan, P J AU - Hetrick, J A AU - Jones, A W AU - Jones, R D AU - Mahler, R J AU - Syslo, S AU - Wolf, J K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1992/11// PY - 1992 DA - November 1992 SP - 48 PB - American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI VL - 84 SN - 0375-5495, 0375-5495 KW - soils KW - methods KW - programs KW - insecticides KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - pesticides KW - remediation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50101480?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Proposed+updated+guidance+for+environmental+fate+field+studies+for+pesticides&rft.au=Mastradone%2C+P+J%3BBreithaupt%2C+J%3BHannan%2C+P+J%3BHetrick%2C+J+A%3BJones%2C+A+W%3BJones%2C+R+D%3BMahler%2C+R+J%3BSyslo%2C+S%3BWolf%2C+J+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mastradone&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1992-11-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=&rft.spage=48&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.issn=03755495&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1992 annual meetings; American Society of Agronomy, 84th annual meeting; Crop Science Society of America; Soil Science Society of America; Clay Minerals Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AGABBE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - degradation; insecticides; methods; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; programs; remediation; soils; statistical analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface morphology and molecular-level resolution of the structure of humic substances using the atomic force microscope AN - 50089998; 1996-009001 JF - Agronomy Abstracts AU - Bailey, G W AU - Yu, Y S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1992/11// PY - 1992 DA - November 1992 SP - 233 PB - American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI VL - 84 SN - 0375-5495, 0375-5495 KW - soils KW - high-resolution methods KW - sample preparation KW - physical properties KW - chemical reactions KW - textures KW - chemical properties KW - atomic force microscopy KW - geochemistry KW - humic soils KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50089998?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Surface+morphology+and+molecular-level+resolution+of+the+structure+of+humic+substances+using+the+atomic+force+microscope&rft.au=Bailey%2C+G+W%3BYu%2C+Y+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bailey&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1992-11-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.issn=03755495&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1992 annual meetings; American Society of Agronomy, 84th annual meeting; Crop Science Society of America; Soil Science Society of America; Clay Minerals Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AGABBE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atomic force microscopy; chemical properties; chemical reactions; geochemistry; high-resolution methods; humic soils; physical properties; sample preparation; soils; textures ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mobilization of naturally present arsenic from alteration of aqueous geochemistry due to waste disposal AN - 50089926; 1996-008961 JF - Agronomy Abstracts AU - Puls, R W AU - Clark, D A AU - Bledsoe, B AU - Paul, C J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1992/11// PY - 1992 DA - November 1992 SP - 54 PB - American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI VL - 84 SN - 0375-5495, 0375-5495 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - hazardous waste KW - alteration KW - desorption KW - ground water KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - Eh KW - soils KW - migration KW - concentration KW - colloidal materials KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - Saco Maine KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - York County Maine KW - hydrochemistry KW - metals KW - mobilization KW - waste disposal KW - Maine KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50089926?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Mobilization+of+naturally+present+arsenic+from+alteration+of+aqueous+geochemistry+due+to+waste+disposal&rft.au=Puls%2C+R+W%3BClark%2C+D+A%3BBledsoe%2C+B%3BPaul%2C+C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Puls&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1992-11-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=&rft.spage=54&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.issn=03755495&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1992 annual meetings; American Society of Agronomy, 84th annual meeting; Crop Science Society of America; Soil Science Society of America; Clay Minerals Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AGABBE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; arsenic; colloidal materials; concentration; desorption; Eh; geochemistry; ground water; hazardous waste; hydrochemistry; Maine; metals; migration; mobilization; pH; pollutants; pollution; Saco Maine; soils; solute transport; Superfund; United States; waste disposal; York County Maine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental fate and other data requirements for groundwater monitoring studies AN - 50089757; 1996-008991 JF - Agronomy Abstracts AU - Wolf, J K AU - Behl, E AU - Waldman, E AU - Wells, D AU - Barrett, M AU - Jordan, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1992/11// PY - 1992 DA - November 1992 SP - 64 EP - 65 PB - American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI VL - 84 SN - 0375-5495, 0375-5495 KW - United States KW - soils KW - sorption KW - monitoring KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - metabolism KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - hydrolysis KW - simulation KW - seepage KW - ground water KW - models KW - computer programs KW - saturated zone KW - pesticides KW - mobility KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50089757?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Environmental+fate+and+other+data+requirements+for+groundwater+monitoring+studies&rft.au=Wolf%2C+J+K%3BBehl%2C+E%3BWaldman%2C+E%3BWells%2C+D%3BBarrett%2C+M%3BJordan%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wolf&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1992-11-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=&rft.spage=64&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.issn=03755495&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1992 annual meetings; American Society of Agronomy, 84th annual meeting; Crop Science Society of America; Soil Science Society of America; Clay Minerals Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AGABBE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computer programs; data processing; degradation; ground water; hydrolysis; metabolism; mobility; models; monitoring; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; saturated zone; seepage; simulation; soils; sorption; United States; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Testing the AGG II chemical transport model on plains, GA database AN - 50079656; 1996-008903 JF - Agronomy Abstracts AU - Fong, F K AU - Smith, C N AU - Parrish, R S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1992/11// PY - 1992 DA - November 1992 SP - 39 PB - American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI VL - 84 SN - 0375-5495, 0375-5495 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - pollutants KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - simulation KW - models KW - movement KW - data bases KW - testing KW - Georgia KW - pesticides KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50079656?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Testing+the+AGG+II+chemical+transport+model+on+plains%2C+GA+database&rft.au=Fong%2C+F+K%3BSmith%2C+C+N%3BParrish%2C+R+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fong&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1992-11-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agronomy+Abstracts&rft.issn=03755495&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1992 annual meetings; American Society of Agronomy, 84th annual meeting; Crop Science Society of America; Soil Science Society of America; Clay Minerals Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AGABBE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Coastal Plain; data bases; data processing; Georgia; models; movement; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; simulation; soils; solute transport; testing; United States; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Climate and Energy Exchange at the Snow Surface in the Alpine Region of the Sierra Nevada, 2: Snow Cover Energy Balance AN - 19152054; 9302622 AB - Surface climate and energy exchange at the snow surface were evaluated in a small alpine watershed, typical of much of the southern Sierra Nevada, for the 1986 water year. Measurements of snowfall, meteorological and snow cover conditions, and snow cover ablation were used to characterize the climate. Each form of energy transfer, radiation, sensible and latent heat flux, soil heat flux, and heat flux by mass advection, was evaluated separately to determine how its magnitude changes during the snow season. These parameters are then combined to approximate a snow cover energy balance and determine the relative importance of each form of energy transfer in the seasonal energy and mass balance of the snow cover. Radiation and sensible and latent heat transfer during this time were of approximately equal magnitude but were usually of opposite sign and therefore canceled. Calculated sublimation during the entire snow season accounted for the loss of about 20% (approximately 50 cm snow water equivalent) of the mass of the snow cover. These results indicated that energy and mass transfer can be adequately maintained at a remote site using a combination of measured and modeled parameters and that the energy balance of the snow cover in the alpine zone of the Sierra Nevada is dominated by net radiation during snowmelt. (See also W93-02621) (Author's abstract) JF - Water Resources Research WRERAQ, Vol. 28, No. 11, p 3043-3054, November 1992. 5 fig, 7 tab, 30 ref. California Air Resources Board Grant CARB-A3-106-32, University of California Water Resources Center Grant W-546, NASA Grant NAS5-28770, US EPA Contract 68-C8-0006. AU - Marks, D AU - Dozier, J AD - ManTech Environmental Technology, Incorporated, Environmental Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis, Oregon Y1 - 1992/11// PY - 1992 DA - Nov 1992 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - *Alpine regions KW - *Climatology KW - *Energy KW - *Microclimatology KW - *Mountain watersheds KW - *Snow cover KW - Climate data KW - Heat transfer KW - Hydrologic models KW - Model studies KW - Radiation intensity KW - Seasonal distribution KW - Sierra Nevada KW - Snow KW - Snow density KW - Time series analysis KW - SW 0820:Snow, ice and frost UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19152054?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Climate+and+Energy+Exchange+at+the+Snow+Surface+in+the+Alpine+Region+of+the+Sierra+Nevada%2C+2%3A+Snow+Cover+Energy+Balance&rft.au=Marks%2C+D%3BDozier%2C+J&rft.aulast=Marks&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1992-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Climate and Energy Exchange at the Snow Surface in the Alpine Region of the Sierra Nevada, 1: Meteorological Measurements and Monitoring AN - 19144647; 9302621 AB - Snow cover energy balance and snowmelt in remote alpine watersheds studies require detailed monitoring of the surface climate. The climate conditions in a small alpine watershed, typical of much of the southern Sierra Nevada, were investigated in the 1986 water year. Measurements of snowfall, meteorological and snow cover conditions, and snow cover ablation characterized the climate at four locations in the watershed during that snow season. Data were then combined into two representative sites for the watershed. The uncertainty of the monitored meteorological parameters was estimated, and the data integrated into a continuous hourly time series of solar and thermal radiation, air, snow and soil temperature, humidity, and wind at the two representative sites in the alpine watershed for an entire snow season. Snow deposition and snow cover depth and density were measured annually at regular intervals throughout the snow season. Problems were encountered monitoring air and snow surface temperature, humidity, and wind, because of extreme conditions which may occur in an alpine environment, but radiation was easily monitored. The estimated uncertainty of all measured parameters was acceptably low. The data yielded a time series of integrated climate data for evaluation of the energy balance of the snow cover during both deposition and ablation conditions. (See also W93-02622) (Author's abstract) JF - Water Resources Research WRERAQ, Vol. 28, No. 11, p 3029-3042, November 1992. 10 fig, 9 tab, 42 ref. California Air Resources Board Grant CARB-A3-106-32, University of California Water Resources Center Grant W-546, NASA Grant NAS5-28770, US EPA Contract 68-C8-0006. AU - Marks, D AU - Dozier, J AU - Davis, R E AD - ManTech Environmental Technology, Incorporated, Environmental Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis, Oregon Y1 - 1992/11// PY - 1992 DA - Nov 1992 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - *Alpine regions KW - *Climatology KW - *Energy transfer KW - *Microclimatology KW - *Model studies KW - *Mountain watersheds KW - *Snow cover KW - Air temperature KW - Climatic change KW - Climatic data KW - Environmental effects KW - Humidity KW - Hydrologic models KW - Meteorological data KW - Seasonal distribution KW - Sierra Nevada KW - Snow KW - Snow density KW - Time series analysis KW - Water temperature KW - Wind KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - SW 0820:Snow, ice and frost UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19144647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Climate+and+Energy+Exchange+at+the+Snow+Surface+in+the+Alpine+Region+of+the+Sierra+Nevada%2C+1%3A+Meteorological+Measurements+and+Monitoring&rft.au=Marks%2C+D%3BDozier%2C+J%3BDavis%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Marks&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1992-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative molecular field analysis of polyhalogenated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls. AN - 73299796; 1331446 AB - Comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) was performed on polyhalogenated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls for Ah (dioxin) receptor binding and associated enzyme inducing activities determined by others using in vitro assays. Since various members of all three classes of compounds have been shown to produce qualitatively similar toxicities, a separate CoMFA was performed on each class of compounds and combinations of the different classes for each bioactivity which included combining all three classes of molecules in one CoMFA study. For the Ah receptor binding, the CoMFA-derived QSARs for all three classes of compounds and combinations thereof showed strong crossvalidated correlations indicating that they are highly predictive. For enzyme induction, the CoMFA-derived QSARs were highly predictive for the dibenzofurans but were only partially successful for the dioxins. For the biphenyls, the results were clearly unpredictive. The overall results of these CoMFA studies which include both steric and electrostatic considerations are compared and contrasted to other SAR models that have met with some success in making qualitative predictions about the potential for receptor binding and associated toxicity in these classes of compounds. The CoMFA-derived QSAR for the dioxin series of molecules in most cases significantly overestimates the enzyme inducing ability of the ortho-substituted biphenyls. This weak inducing activity of the o-biphenyls is, however, consistent with their relatively low dioxin-like toxicity as measured in other biological systems. Fundamentally different mechanisms may be operating in the expression of dioxin-like toxic responses for the o-biphenyls, and their direct, dioxin-like toxic equivalency perhaps needs to be reconsidered in this light. JF - Journal of medicinal chemistry AU - Waller, C L AU - McKinney, J D AD - Environmental Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1992/10/02/ PY - 1992 DA - 1992 Oct 02 SP - 3660 EP - 3666 VL - 35 IS - 20 SN - 0022-2623, 0022-2623 KW - Benzofurans KW - 0 KW - Biphenyl Compounds KW - Dioxins KW - Hydrocarbons, Halogenated KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon KW - Receptors, Drug KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.- KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Enzyme Induction -- drug effects KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- biosynthesis KW - Models, Biological KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Oxidoreductases -- biosynthesis KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases -- biosynthesis KW - Dioxins -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Drug -- metabolism KW - Hydrocarbons, Halogenated -- metabolism KW - Biphenyl Compounds -- metabolism KW - Benzofurans -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73299796?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+medicinal+chemistry&rft.atitle=Comparative+molecular+field+analysis+of+polyhalogenated+dibenzo-p-dioxins%2C+dibenzofurans%2C+and+biphenyls.&rft.au=Waller%2C+C+L%3BMcKinney%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Waller&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1992-10-02&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=3660&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+medicinal+chemistry&rft.issn=00222623&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-12-18 N1 - Date created - 1992-12-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Toxicity assessment of mercury vapor from dental amalgams. AN - 73373229; 1360929 JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Goering, P L AU - Galloway, W D AU - Clarkson, T W AU - Lorscheider, F L AU - Berlin, M AU - Rowland, A S Y1 - 1992/10// PY - 1992 DA - October 1992 SP - 319 EP - 329 VL - 19 IS - 3 KW - Dental Amalgam KW - 8049-85-2 KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Mercury -- pharmacokinetics KW - Dental Amalgam -- toxicity KW - Mercury -- toxicity KW - Dental Amalgam -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73373229?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Toxicity+assessment+of+mercury+vapor+from+dental+amalgams.&rft.au=Goering%2C+P+L%3BGalloway%2C+W+D%3BClarkson%2C+T+W%3BLorscheider%2C+F+L%3BBerlin%2C+M%3BRowland%2C+A+S&rft.aulast=Goering&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1992-10-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-01-13 N1 - Date created - 1993-01-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Behavioral development following daily episodes of mother-infant separation in the rat. AN - 73370896; 1459377 AB - Use of dermal or inhalation routes of maternal exposure during the postnatal period in rodent developmental neurotoxicity evaluations would be most practical if dams could be separated from their pups during the exposure period. However, this procedure raises questions concerning the effects of mother-infant separation itself on neurotoxicity endpoints. In the present study, Sprague-Dawley rat pups were either maternally deprived in warm incubators for 6 hr each day (7:00 AM-1:00 PM) or left with their dams (control), from Postnatal Day 4-20 (PND4-20), and were tested on a range of endpoints commonly used in developmental neurotoxicology. These included motor activity (PND13, 17, 19, 21, 29, 60), olfactory learning (PND18) and retention (PND25), T-maze delayed alternation (PND23, 24), acoustic startle response (PND23, 62), and auditory thresholds (PND62). None of the behavioral measures were affected by daily separation. Apparently, interrupting the mother-infant interaction for 6 hr/day has little or no effect by itself on behavioral development, as assessed by these measures. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Stanton, M E AU - Crofton, K M AU - Lau, C AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1992/10// PY - 1992 DA - October 1992 SP - 474 EP - 477 VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Auditory Threshold -- physiology KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Conditioning, Operant -- physiology KW - Aging -- psychology KW - Memory -- physiology KW - Smell -- physiology KW - Reflex, Startle -- physiology KW - Motor Activity -- physiology KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Maternal Behavior KW - Behavior, Animal -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73370896?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Behavioral+development+following+daily+episodes+of+mother-infant+separation+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Stanton%2C+M+E%3BCrofton%2C+K+M%3BLau%2C+C&rft.aulast=Stanton&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1992-10-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=474&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-01-13 N1 - Date created - 1993-01-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DNA adducts and induction of sister chromatid exchanges in the rat following benzo[b]fluoranthene administration. AN - 73274413; 1423831 AB - Benzo[b]fluoranthene (B[b]F) was administered (100 mg/kg by i.p. injection) to male Sprague--Dawley rats. Lungs, livers and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) were harvested 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 28 and 56 days after treatment. Several DNA adducts were observed in each tissue, with maximal levels occurring at approximately 7 days after treatment. Lung DNA exhibited consistently higher adduct levels than liver or PBL DNA. At 56 days after B[b]F administration, the adducts in liver and PBL DNA were present at < 10 amol/microgram DNA, while in lung there were 100 amoles/microgram DNA. No significant differences were observed between tissues in the types of adducts produced. Co-chromatography with synthetic standards showed that only a minor adduct produced in vivo is derived from trans-9,10-dihydro-9,10-dihydroxybenzo[b]fluoranthene-11,12-oxide. Sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) from whole blood cultures were significantly increased relative to concurrent controls between 1 and 14 days after B[b]F administration, with maximum levels at 14 days. By 28 days after treatment, SCEs had essentially returned to control levels. SCE induction did not correlate with the amount of B[b]F--DNA adducts remaining in the PBLs at harvest time. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Ross, J A AU - Nelson, G B AU - Holden, K L AU - Kligerman, A D AU - Erexson, G L AU - Bryant, M F AU - Earley, K AU - Beach, A C AU - Gupta, R C AU - Nesnow, S AD - Carcinogenesis and Metabolism Branch, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1992/10// PY - 1992 DA - October 1992 SP - 1731 EP - 1734 VL - 13 IS - 10 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Fluorenes KW - 0 KW - Phosphorus Radioisotopes KW - Polycyclic Compounds KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - benzo(b)fluoranthene KW - FJO154KG1X KW - Index Medicus KW - Injections, Intraperitoneal KW - Animals KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Lymphocytes -- metabolism KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- pharmacology KW - Lung -- metabolism KW - Isotope Labeling KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Lymphocytes -- physiology KW - Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Fluorenes -- pharmacology KW - Fluorenes -- metabolism KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - DNA -- blood KW - Sister Chromatid Exchange -- drug effects KW - DNA -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73274413?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=DNA+adducts+and+induction+of+sister+chromatid+exchanges+in+the+rat+following+benzo%5Bb%5Dfluoranthene+administration.&rft.au=Ross%2C+J+A%3BNelson%2C+G+B%3BHolden%2C+K+L%3BKligerman%2C+A+D%3BErexson%2C+G+L%3BBryant%2C+M+F%3BEarley%2C+K%3BBeach%2C+A+C%3BGupta%2C+R+C%3BNesnow%2C+S&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1992-10-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1731&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-11-27 N1 - Date created - 1992-11-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Selected pesticide residues and metabolites in urine from a survey of the U.S. general population. AN - 73224670; 1404486 AB - Residues of toxic chemicals in human tissues and fluids can be important indicators of exposure. Urine collected from a subsample of the second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was analyzed for organochlorine, organophosphorus, and chlorophenoxy pesticides or their metabolites. Urine concentration was also measured. The most frequently occurring residue in urine was pentachlorophenol (PCP), found in quantifiable concentrations in 71.6% of the general population with an estimated geometric mean level of 6.3 ng/ml. Percent quantifiable levels of PCP were found to be highest among males. Quantifiable concentrations of 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (5.8%), 2,4,5-trichlorophenol (3.4%), para-nitrophenol (2.4%), dicamba (1.4%), malathion dicarboxylic acid (0.5%), malathion alpha-monocarboxylic acid (1.1%), and 2,4-D (0.3%) were found, but at much lower frequencies. No quantifiable levels of 2,4,5-T or silvex were found. Preliminary analyses showed an apparent relationship between residue concentration and two measures of urine concentration (osmolality and creatinine). A large segment of the general population of the United States experienced exposure to certain pesticides, including some considered biodegradable, during the years 1976-1980. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - Kutz, F W AU - Cook, B T AU - Carter-Pokras, O D AU - Brody, D AU - Murphy, R S AD - Office of Research and Development (RD-680), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460. Y1 - 1992/10// PY - 1992 DA - October 1992 SP - 277 EP - 291 VL - 37 IS - 2 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Chlorophenols KW - 0 KW - Herbicides KW - Nitrophenols KW - Pesticide Residues KW - Pyridones KW - 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid KW - 2577AQ9262 KW - 2,4,5-trichlorophenol KW - 32526637PN KW - 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol KW - 6515-38-4 KW - Pentachlorophenol KW - D9BSU0SE4T KW - Dicamba KW - SJG3M6RY6H KW - Malathion KW - U5N7SU872W KW - 4-nitrophenol KW - Y92ZL45L4R KW - Index Medicus KW - Pyridones -- urine KW - Osmolar Concentration KW - Chlorophenols -- urine KW - Age Factors KW - Sex Factors KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid -- urine KW - Dicamba -- urine KW - Socioeconomic Factors KW - Herbicides -- urine KW - Malathion -- urine KW - Nitrophenols -- urine KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Female KW - Male KW - Pesticide Residues -- urine KW - Pentachlorophenol -- urine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73224670?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Selected+pesticide+residues+and+metabolites+in+urine+from+a+survey+of+the+U.S.+general+population.&rft.au=Kutz%2C+F+W%3BCook%2C+B+T%3BCarter-Pokras%2C+O+D%3BBrody%2C+D%3BMurphy%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Kutz&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1992-10-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-11-10 N1 - Date created - 1992-11-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Colloidal transport in sandy aquifer material; surface and aqueous chemical effects AN - 52838396; 1996-044788 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Puls, R W AU - Paul, C J AU - Clark, D A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1992/10// PY - 1992 DA - October 1992 SP - 167 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 73 IS - 43, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - colloidal materials KW - Cape Cod KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - adsorption KW - hydrochemistry KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - Barnstable County Massachusetts KW - transport KW - Massachusetts KW - geochemistry KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52838396?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Colloidal+transport+in+sandy+aquifer+material%3B+surface+and+aqueous+chemical+effects&rft.au=Puls%2C+R+W%3BPaul%2C+C+J%3BClark%2C+D+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Puls&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1992-10-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=43%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1992 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; aquifers; Barnstable County Massachusetts; Cape Cod; colloidal materials; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; Massachusetts; pollution; porous materials; transport; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Automated approaches for regional runoff mapping in the northeastern United States AN - 50387361; 1993-001034 JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Bishop, Gary D AU - Church, M Robbins Y1 - 1992/10// PY - 1992 DA - October 1992 SP - 361 EP - 383 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 138 IS - 3-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - numerical models KW - Rhode Island KW - statistical analysis KW - data processing KW - mapping KW - Vermont KW - Connecticut KW - regional patterns KW - New Hampshire KW - New York KW - Massachusetts KW - runoff KW - New England KW - Pennsylvania KW - Maine KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50387361?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Automated+approaches+for+regional+runoff+mapping+in+the+northeastern+United+States&rft.au=Bishop%2C+Gary+D%3BChurch%2C+M+Robbins&rft.aulast=Bishop&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft.date=1992-10-01&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=361&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Connecticut; data processing; hydrology; Maine; mapping; Massachusetts; New England; New Hampshire; New York; numerical models; Pennsylvania; regional patterns; Rhode Island; runoff; statistical analysis; United States; Vermont ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detailed chemical characterization of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons at the St. Joseph, Michigan, NPL Site AN - 50095324; 1995-068260 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Semprini, L AU - Kitanidis, P K AU - McCarty, P L AU - Wilson, J T AU - Kampbell, Donald H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1992/10// PY - 1992 DA - October 1992 SP - 234 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 73 IS - 43, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - Michigan Lower Peninsula KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - concentration KW - Berrien County Michigan KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - pollution KW - Saint Joseph Michigan KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - skewness KW - Michigan KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50095324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Detailed+chemical+characterization+of+chlorinated+aliphatic+hydrocarbons+at+the+St.+Joseph%2C+Michigan%2C+NPL+Site&rft.au=Semprini%2C+L%3BKitanidis%2C+P+K%3BMcCarty%2C+P+L%3BWilson%2C+J+T%3BKampbell%2C+Donald+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Semprini&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1992-10-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=43%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=234&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1992 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; Berrien County Michigan; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; Michigan; Michigan Lower Peninsula; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; Saint Joseph Michigan; skewness; statistical analysis; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioaccumulation of PCBs from Sediments by Oligochaetes and Fishes: Comparison of Laboratory and Field Studies AN - 19165066; 9303677 AB - Fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) and oligochaetes (Lumbriculus variegatus) were exposed in the laboratory to sediment samples from the lower Fox River/Green Bay (Wisconsin), and their bioaccumulation of PCBs was compared with PCB concentrations in synoptic collections of fish (black bullhead, Ameiurus melas) and oligochaetes (primarily Limnodrilus) from the field. Total PCBs and PCB homologues (expressed as lipid-normalized tissue concentrations/organic carbon-normalized sediment concentrations) were qualitatively and quantitatively similar in the laboratory-exposed and field-collected oligochaetes. PCB concentrations in A. melas generally were greater than in any of the other test species, due possibly to differences in exposure (e.g. biomagnification) compared with the other organisms. PCB concentrations in P. promelas were consistently smaller than in any of the other species investigated. These results indicate that under the exposure regime used in this study, laboratory tests with L. variegatus can provide a reasonable quantitative estimate of the bioaccumulation of PCBs in field populations of oligochaetes. However, the use of P. promelas in laboratory sediment tests may result in significant underprediction of the exposure of indigenous benthic invertebrates and fishes to bioaccumulable contaminants. (Author's abstract) JF - Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences CJFSDX, Vol. 49, No. 10, p 2080-2085, October 1992. 2 tab, 40 ref. AU - Ankley, G T AU - Cook, P M AU - Carlson, A R AU - Call, D J AU - Swenson, JA AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804 Y1 - 1992/10// PY - 1992 DA - Oct 1992 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - *Bioaccumulation KW - *Laboratory methods KW - *Minnows KW - *Oligochaetes KW - *Polychlorinated biphenyls KW - *Sediment contamination KW - Biological magnification KW - Comparison studies KW - Field tests KW - Fox River KW - Green Bay KW - Invertebrates KW - Wisconsin KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19165066?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Bioaccumulation+of+PCBs+from+Sediments+by+Oligochaetes+and+Fishes%3A+Comparison+of+Laboratory+and+Field+Studies&rft.au=Ankley%2C+G+T%3BCook%2C+P+M%3BCarlson%2C+A+R%3BCall%2C+D+J%3BSwenson%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1992-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Automated Approaches for Regional Runoff Mapping in the Northeastern United States AN - 19150947; 9302449 AB - Automated procedures have been used to develop simple, yet accurate, ways to create runoff contour maps. The maps are produced by linear interpolation of: (1) gaged runoff at watershed centroids; and (2) runoff estimated at a set of geographic locations (precipitation stations) via each of eight procedures based on simple water balance methods and regression techniques. Visual agreement was very good in a comparison of automated maps and manual maps. Two of the automated procedures gave the best results when compared with the manual map (MAN84; mean annual runoff=84.0 cm) when simple mean runoff was the basis for comparison. One method used gaged runoff values only (GAGE84; mean annual runoff=83.3 cm) and the other used water-year 1984 mean regional runoff-to-precipitation ratios (MN84RP; mean annual runoff=82.9 cm). Because of the over-generalized appearance of the GAGE84 map compared with the manual map, the MN84RP method was preferred. Uncertainty analysis was conducted for five of the eight procedures. In this analysis, gaged data was withheld in the production of the maps and then compared with interpolated values from the maps that were produced. The MN84RP procedure and a procedure using a regression approach (REGR) had the lowest mean interpolation error. It was, therefore, determined that these two procedures, MN84RP and REGR, produce the most accurate maps on a regional basis and compare favorably with the manual map (i.e. mean interpolation errors of -1.8% and -0.7% vs. the manual method mean error of 0.9%. (Author's abstract) JF - Journal of Hydrology JHYDA7, Vol. 138, No. 3/4, p 361-383, October 1992. 6 fig, 3 tab, 32 ref, append. AU - Bishop, G D AU - Church, M R AD - ManTech Environmental Technology, Inc., US EPA Environmental Research Lab., 200 SW 35th Street, Corvallis, OR Y1 - 1992/10// PY - 1992 DA - Oct 1992 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - *Automation KW - *Cartography KW - *Computerized maps KW - *Mapping KW - *Northeastern United States KW - *Runoff KW - Comparison studies KW - Hydrologic data KW - Maps KW - Precipitation KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19150947?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Automated+Approaches+for+Regional+Runoff+Mapping+in+the+Northeastern+United+States&rft.au=Bishop%2C+G+D%3BChurch%2C+M+R&rft.aulast=Bishop&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1992-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Glutamate neurotoxicity in the developing rat cochlea is antagonized by kynurenic acid and MK-801. AN - 85231161; pmid-1358402 AB - Glutamate (Glu) is neurotoxic in the neonatal rat cochlea, producing hearing impairment which is largely due to the death of spiral ganglion cells, whereas the receptor hair cells are spared. Dendritic processes of the spiral ganglion are postsynaptic to the primary afferent synapse of the auditory system. The experiments reported here were designed to test whether this apparent excitotoxicity can be blocked by Glu antagonists. The broad-spectrum antagonist kynurenic acid (KYNA) was coadministered with Glu initially to determine whether the high-frequency hearing deficit caused by Glu may be mediated by excitatory amino acid receptors. Subsequently, the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-specific receptor blocker MK-801 was used to test whether NMDA receptors may be involved in the effect. Both antagonists partially blocked the high-frequency hearing impairment caused by Glu. The blocker-alone control groups exhibited mid-frequency effects of unknown origin. The significant antagonism of Glu-induced impairment is consistent with the hypothesis that Glu or a similar excitatory amino acid is an important afferent transmitter in the cochlea. JF - Brain Research AU - Janssen, R AD - Neurotoxicology Division MD 74B, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. PY - 1992 SP - 201 EP - 206 VL - 590 IS - 1-2 SN - 0006-8993, 0006-8993 KW - Cochlea KW - Audiometry KW - Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem KW - Glutamic Acid KW - Animal KW - Kynurenic Acid KW - Rats KW - Animals, Newborn KW - Dizocilpine Maleate KW - Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. KW - Glutamates KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate KW - Male KW - Female UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85231161?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+Research&rft.atitle=Glutamate+neurotoxicity+in+the+developing+rat+cochlea+is+antagonized+by+kynurenic+acid+and+MK-801.&rft.au=Janssen%2C+R&rft.aulast=Janssen&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1992-09-01&rft.volume=590&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+Research&rft.issn=00068993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Does nitrogen dioxide exposure increase airways responsiveness? AN - 73359653; 1455438 AB - A number of reports have suggested that exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) may cause increased airways responsiveness (AR). Twenty studies of asthmatics and five studies of healthy subjects exposed to NO2 were used to test this hypothesis using a simple method of meta-analysis. Individual data were obtained for the above studies and the direction of change in AR was determined for each subject. Only studies with available individual data were used. Subjects from these studies whose directional change in AR could not be determined were excluded. The fraction of positive responses (i.e. increased AR) was determined for all subjects within a group and tested for significance using a sign test. Data were also grouped according to NO2 concentration and by whether the exposure included exercise. There was an overall trend among asthmatics for AR to increase (60%) but this was primarily due to increased AR seen in resting exposures (70%). Among healthy subjects AR also increased with NO2 exposure but only at concentrations above 1.0 ppm. This analysis suggests that NO2 exposure causes increased airway responsiveness in healthy and asthmatic subjects but that exercise during exposure may modify this response in asthmatics. JF - Toxicology and industrial health AU - Folinsbee, L J AD - Clinical Research Branch, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. PY - 1992 SP - 273 EP - 283 VL - 8 IS - 5 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Nitrogen Dioxide KW - S7G510RUBH KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Exercise KW - Nitrogen Dioxide -- adverse effects KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Lung -- physiology KW - Asthma -- physiopathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73359653?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+industrial+health&rft.atitle=Does+nitrogen+dioxide+exposure+increase+airways+responsiveness%3F&rft.au=Folinsbee%2C+L+J&rft.aulast=Folinsbee&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1992-09-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=273&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+industrial+health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-12-31 N1 - Date created - 1992-12-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct effects of ethane dimethanesulphonate on epididymal function in adult rats. An in vitro demonstration. AN - 73304186; 1331010 AB - It was recently demonstrated that the Leydig cell toxicant ethane dimethanesulphonate (EDS) produces multiple effects on the epididymis after a single in vivo exposure. To determine whether any of the perturbations were mediated by a direct action of the compound, we used a novel system for the coculture of epididymal epithelial cells and sperm from the caput epididymidis. This system maintains the morphologic integrity and cell polarity of the epididymal epithelial cells before and during coculture, and the sperm recovered after coculture have intact plasma and acrosomal membranes. In addition, several functions required for epididymal sperm maturation are expressed, including the secretion of protein by the epididymal epithelium, the association of secreted protein with the plasma membrane of cocultured sperm, and the acquisition of progressive motility by cocultured sperm. In vitro exposure of epididymal epithelial cells and sperm to EDS results in a significant decline in protein secretion by the epithelial cells during coculture, and in particular, a dose-dependent decline in a 36- to 38-kd protein (PI 4.0 to 4.5) and a 34- to 36-kd protein (PI 4.5 to 5.0). Moreover, these and other proteins are not recovered from the sperm membrane of cocultured sperm after EDS treatment. Finally, EDS results in a dose-dependent decline in the percentage of both motile and progressively motile sperm recovered after coculture compared with that of sperm from untreated cocultures. These effects on sperm motility were not observed when sperm were pretreated with EDS and subsequently cocultured with untreated epithelial cells. We conclude that EDS alters epididymal sperm maturation by acting directly on the epididymal epithelium to mediate changes in sperm membrane protein, and that this may subsequently alter the development of the progressive motility of sperm. JF - Journal of andrology AU - Klinefelter, G R AU - Roberts, N L AU - Suarez, J D AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency Health Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. PY - 1992 SP - 409 EP - 421 VL - 13 IS - 5 SN - 0196-3635, 0196-3635 KW - Mesylates KW - 0 KW - Proteins KW - ethylene dimethanesulfonate KW - EW8V7BJ66Q KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Epithelial Cells KW - Spermatozoa -- cytology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Spermatozoa -- metabolism KW - Microscopy, Electron KW - Sperm Maturation -- drug effects KW - Sperm Motility -- drug effects KW - Proteins -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Spermatozoa -- ultrastructure KW - Epididymis -- cytology KW - Epididymis -- drug effects KW - Epididymis -- metabolism KW - Mesylates -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73304186?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+andrology&rft.atitle=Direct+effects+of+ethane+dimethanesulphonate+on+epididymal+function+in+adult+rats.+An+in+vitro+demonstration.&rft.au=Klinefelter%2C+G+R%3BRoberts%2C+N+L%3BSuarez%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Klinefelter&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1992-09-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=409&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+andrology&rft.issn=01963635&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-12-11 N1 - Date created - 1992-12-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hepatotoxic interactions of ethanol with allyl alcohol or carbon tetrachloride in rats. AN - 73190314; 1522609 AB - To assess whether potential toxic interactions occur between ethanol and allyl alcohol or carbon tetrachloride following subacute, concurrent chemical exposure, male Fischer 344 rats, approximately 70 d of age, were given ethanol at 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, or 0.5 ml/kg in corn oil daily by gavage for 14 d (ETOH group), or the same levels of ethanol with 21 mg allyl alcohol/kg (ALAC group), or the same levels of ethanol with 20 mg carbon tetrachloride/kg (CCL4 group). Hepatic response was assessed 24 h after the last dose. Interactions were evaluated by comparing the ETOH group with either the ALAC group or the CCL4 group using multivariate analysis of variance procedures. No statistically significant interaction was seen between the ETOH group and the ALAC group at the dosages used. Although an interaction between ethanol and carbon tetrachloride given simultaneously was not statistically significant, a small interactive effect on weight gain from d 0 to termination was apparent (p = .057). Exposure to ethanol alone resulted in a concentration-dependent decrease in absolute and relative liver weight, with a threshold between 0.05 and 0.1 ml/kg. There was no histopathological evidence of hepatic damage with ethanol alone, and no effect on hepatic cytochrome P-450 and glutathione levels or on serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALK). Exposure to allyl alcohol alone resulted in significant increases in absolute and relative liver weights, liver glutathione, and periportal hepatocellular vacuolar degeneration. Exposure to carbon tetrachloride alone resulted in significant increases in absolute and relative liver weight, serum levels of ALT, AST, and ALK, and centrilobular hepatocellular vacuolar degeneration and necrosis. These observations indicate that subacute, concurrent exposure of ethanol with carbon tetrachloride or allyl alcohol at ethanol levels comparable to those reported in gavage vehicles did not result in interactive toxicity. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - Berman, E AU - House, D E AU - Allis, J W AU - Simmons, J E AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1992/09// PY - 1992 DA - September 1992 SP - 161 EP - 176 VL - 37 IS - 1 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Propanols KW - 0 KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - allyl alcohol KW - 3W678R12M0 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - 1-Propanol KW - 96F264O9SV KW - Carbon Tetrachloride KW - CL2T97X0V0 KW - L-Lactate Dehydrogenase KW - EC 1.1.1.27 KW - Aspartate Aminotransferases KW - EC 2.6.1.1 KW - Alanine Transaminase KW - EC 2.6.1.2 KW - Alkaline Phosphatase KW - EC 3.1.3.1 KW - Glutathione KW - GAN16C9B8O KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Alkaline Phosphatase -- blood KW - Multivariate Analysis KW - Rats KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- analysis KW - Aspartate Aminotransferases -- blood KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Alanine Transaminase -- blood KW - 1-Propanol -- toxicity KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Glutathione -- analysis KW - L-Lactate Dehydrogenase -- blood KW - Male KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Ethanol -- toxicity KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73190314?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Hepatotoxic+interactions+of+ethanol+with+allyl+alcohol+or+carbon+tetrachloride+in+rats.&rft.au=Berman%2C+E%3BHouse%2C+D+E%3BAllis%2C+J+W%3BSimmons%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Berman&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1992-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-10-15 N1 - Date created - 1992-10-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental toxicity of dichloroacetate in the rat. AN - 73184093; 1523579 AB - Dichloroacetic acid (DCA) is a principal by-product of the chlorine disinfection of water containing humic and fulvic acids, and is also a drug of interest in the therapeutic management of metabolic disorders. The developmental effects of DCA were evaluated in the pregnant Long-Evans rat. In two separate studies, animals were dosed by oral intubation on gestation days 6-15 (plug = 0) with 0, 900, 1,400, 1,900 or 2,400 mg/kg/day and 0, 14, 140, or 400 mg/kg/day. The vehicle control was distilled water. Maternal observations included clinical signs, weight change, and gross evaluation of organ weights and uterine contents at necropsy (day 20). Corpora lutea were counted and uteri stained for implantation sites. Live fetuses were examined for external, skeletal, and soft tissue malformations. Seven dams died during treatment (1,400 mg 1/19, 1,900 mg 2/19, 2,400 mg 4/21), and maternal weight gain was reduced at all except the lowest treatment levels. Liver, spleen, and kidney weights increased in a dose-related manner. The mean percentage of resorbed implants per litter was significantly elevated at greater than or equal to 900 mg/kg/day. Live fetuses showed dose-dependent reductions in weight and length at doses above 140 mg/kg. Statistically significant frequencies of soft tissue malformations ranged from 2.6% (140 mg/kg) to 73% (2,400 mg/kg). These were principally in the cardiovascular system and predominantly comprised defects between the ascending aorta and the right ventricle. Skeletal malformations were not observed in significant numbers in any dose group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Teratology AU - Smith, M K AU - Randall, J L AU - Read, E J AU - Stober, J A AD - Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268. Y1 - 1992/09// PY - 1992 DA - September 1992 SP - 217 EP - 223 VL - 46 IS - 3 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Dichloroacetic Acid KW - 9LSH52S3LQ KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Kidney -- drug effects KW - Spleen -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced KW - Dichloroacetic Acid -- toxicity KW - Heart Defects, Congenital -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73184093?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Developmental+toxicity+of+dichloroacetate+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Smith%2C+M+K%3BRandall%2C+J+L%3BRead%2C+E+J%3BStober%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1992-09-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-10-13 N1 - Date created - 1992-10-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A review of the literature on potential reproductive and developmental toxicity of electric and magnetic fields. AN - 73163235; 1519247 AB - The potential of electric and magnetic fields to adversely affect the health of the human population is an issue which continues to receive a great deal of attention in both public and scientific forums. One of the critical issues is the possibility that such fields may adversely affect the reproductive process. Numerous studies investigating the potential of electric and/or magnetic fields to alter reproduction in vertebrates have been conducted. These studies have, in many instances, yielded seemingly contradictory results. A number of epidemiological studies have been conducted as well. This review of the literature examines relevant studies and attempts to draw biologically rational conclusions from them. The studies are ordered in broad categories based upon both classification of the species studied (i.e. submammalian, mammalian exclusive of man and human) and the agent used (i.e. extremely low frequency electric, very low frequency electric, and magnetic fields). From our review we conclude that laboratory experimental and epidemiological results to date have not yielded conclusive data to support the contention that such fields induce adverse reproductive effects under the test or environmental conditions studied. Additional studies may, however, be warranted to clarify some of the experimental results obtained. JF - Toxicology AU - Chernoff, N AU - Rogers, J M AU - Kavet, R AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1992/09// PY - 1992 DA - September 1992 SP - 91 EP - 126 VL - 74 IS - 2-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Guinea Pigs KW - Humans KW - Chick Embryo KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Electromagnetic Fields -- adverse effects KW - Mice KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Reproduction -- radiation effects KW - Electricity -- adverse effects KW - Magnetics -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73163235?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=A+review+of+the+literature+on+potential+reproductive+and+developmental+toxicity+of+electric+and+magnetic+fields.&rft.au=Chernoff%2C+N%3BRogers%2C+J+M%3BKavet%2C+R&rft.aulast=Chernoff&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1992-09-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-10-08 N1 - Date created - 1992-10-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) of simazine for Delhi and Yolo soils in California. AN - 73123139; 1498469 JF - Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Goh, K S AU - Spurlock, F AU - Lucas, A D AU - Kollman, W AU - Schoenig, S AU - Braun, A L AU - Stoddard, P AU - Biggar, J W AU - Karu, A E AU - Hammock, B D AD - California Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Pesticide Regulation, Sacramento 94271-0001. Y1 - 1992/09// PY - 1992 DA - September 1992 SP - 348 EP - 353 VL - 49 IS - 3 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - Pesticide Residues KW - 0 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Simazine KW - SG0C34SMY3 KW - Methanol KW - Y4S76JWI15 KW - Index Medicus KW - California KW - Chromatography, Gas KW - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay -- methods KW - Simazine -- analysis KW - Pesticide Residues -- analysis KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73123139?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Enzyme-linked+immunosorbant+assay+%28ELISA%29+of+simazine+for+Delhi+and+Yolo+soils+in+California.&rft.au=Goh%2C+K+S%3BSpurlock%2C+F%3BLucas%2C+A+D%3BKollman%2C+W%3BSchoenig%2C+S%3BBraun%2C+A+L%3BStoddard%2C+P%3BBiggar%2C+J+W%3BKaru%2C+A+E%3BHammock%2C+B+D&rft.aulast=Goh&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1992-09-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=348&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-09-17 N1 - Date created - 1992-09-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Field and Laboratory Investigation of Acid Effects on Largemouth Bass, Rock Bass, Black Crappie, and Yellow Perch AN - 20539357; 9226993 AB - One-half of Little Rock Lake, a small seepage lake in north-central Wisconsin, was gradually acidified by additions of sulfuric acid between August 1983 and November 1990. The ambient pH (6.1) of the lake was reduced at successive 2-year intervals to pH 5.6, 5.1, and 4.7. Responses of largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides, rock bass Ambloplites rupestris, black crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus, and yellow perch Perca flavescens populations to the pH reductions were recorded and compared to the responses of these species during in situ bioassays and laboratory toxicity tests on embryos and larvae. Laboratory results obtained for largemouth bass and rock bass underestimated, black crappie results overestimated, and yellow perch results were similar to effects observed in field studies. In situ bioassays predicted field responses better than did laboratory toxicity tests. Laboratory results showed that monomeric A1 concentrations of approximately 50 mu g/L, which were comparable to A1 concentrations in the acidified half of the lake, altered low-pH toxicity. Reduced recruitment was observed in field populations at higher pH than that at which adult mortality was observed. The results indicate that laboratory toxicity tests with early life stages may not accurately predict field population responses and that results from laboratory tests should be field-validated whenever possible. JF - Transactions of the American Fisheries Society AU - Eaton, John G AU - Swenson, William A AU - MCCORMICK, JHOWARD AU - Simonson, Timothy D AU - Jensen, Kathleen M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory-Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota 55804, USA Y1 - 1992/09// PY - 1992 DA - Sep 1992 SP - 644 EP - 658 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. VL - 121 IS - 5 SN - 0002-8487, 0002-8487 KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Micropterus salmoides KW - Perca flavescens KW - Freshwater KW - USA, Wisconsin KW - Freshwater fish KW - Toxicity tests KW - Fish larvae KW - Lakes KW - Pomoxis nigromaculatus KW - Sulfuric acid KW - Embryos KW - Seepages KW - pH effects KW - Mortality KW - Recruitment KW - British Isles, Scotland, Firth of Forth, Bass Rock KW - Developmental stages KW - Toxicity KW - Bioassays KW - Ambloplites rupestris KW - USA, Wisconsin, Little Rock L. KW - Mortality causes KW - Sulphuric acid KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - Q1 08442:Population dynamics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20539357?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.atitle=A+Field+and+Laboratory+Investigation+of+Acid+Effects+on+Largemouth+Bass%2C+Rock+Bass%2C+Black+Crappie%2C+and+Yellow+Perch&rft.au=Eaton%2C+John+G%3BSwenson%2C+William+A%3BMCCORMICK%2C+JHOWARD%3BSimonson%2C+Timothy+D%3BJensen%2C+Kathleen+M&rft.aulast=Eaton&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1992-09-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=644&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.issn=00028487&rft_id=info:doi/10.1577%2F1548-8659%281992%291212.3.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioassays; Recruitment; Toxicity; Seepages; Freshwater fish; Fish larvae; Toxicity tests; Sulphuric acid; Mortality causes; Mortality; Lakes; Sulfuric acid; Developmental stages; Embryos; pH effects; Micropterus salmoides; Ambloplites rupestris; Pomoxis nigromaculatus; Perca flavescens; USA, Wisconsin, Little Rock L.; British Isles, Scotland, Firth of Forth, Bass Rock; USA, Wisconsin; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1992)121<0644:AFALIO>2.3.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Look at groundwater quality to set VOC cleanup levels AN - 1722153162; 2015-097225 AB - In 1981, the Arizona Department of Health Services (ADHS) discovered groundwater contamination by solvents and chromium at the Phoenix Goodyear Airport (PGA), just outside the city of Phoenix. ADHS and the U.S. EPA sampled the site for the next two years, finding that eighteen of their wells were contaminated with trichloroethene (TCE), six exceeding ADHS's action level of five micrograms per liter (mu g/l). In 1983, the PGA site was added to the National Priorities List, and, in 1984, EPA began a JF - Remediation (New York, NY) AU - Rosenbloom, Jeff AU - Mock, Peter AU - Turin, H J AU - Lawson, Peter AU - Brown, Jess Y1 - 1992/09// PY - 1992 DA - September 1992 SP - 399 EP - 412 PB - John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY VL - 2 IS - 4 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - United States KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - water quality KW - toxic materials KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollution KW - Phoenix Goodyear Airport KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Maricopa County Arizona KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - Arizona KW - volatile organic compounds KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - leaching KW - water pollution KW - Phoenix Arizona KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722153162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.atitle=Look+at+groundwater+quality+to+set+VOC+cleanup+levels&rft.au=Rosenbloom%2C+Jeff%3BMock%2C+Peter%3BTurin%2C+H+J%3BLawson%2C+Peter%3BBrown%2C+Jess&rft.aulast=Rosenbloom&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft.date=1992-09-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=399&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frem.3440020406 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291520-6831 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arizona; chlorinated hydrocarbons; contaminant plumes; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; leaching; Maricopa County Arizona; organic compounds; Phoenix Arizona; Phoenix Goodyear Airport; pollution; remediation; soils; toxic materials; trichloroethylene; United States; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; water pollution; water quality DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rem.3440020406 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the carcinogenicity of cadmium by the oral route. AN - 73255840; 1410656 AB - Cadmium and cadmium compounds are carcinogenic both by inhalation and by injection. For purposes of risk assessment, a prudent public health approach has been that, if a chemical has been demonstrated to be carcinogenic by one route, it should be considered carcinogenic by all routes. This policy has been questioned for several toxic metals including cadmium. After reviewing the literature on cadmium carcinogenicity and genotoxicity, we think that cadmium should be considered noncarcinogenic by the oral route. The bases for this decision included: (1) a database for genotoxicity of cadmium with more negative test results than positive results and with most positive results in in vitro tests, indicating that cadmium has limited genotoxicity; (2) some epidemiologic evidence of respiratory tract cancer and prostatic cancer in people occupationally exposed to airborne cadmium but no reliable evidence of gastrointestinal tract cancers in workers; and (3) a large dietary oncogenicity study in rats of cadmium chloride at several dose levels, including a maximally tolerated dose (50 ppm) in males, which showed no increase of tumors due to cadmium ingestion in all of the 19 tissues examined. The conclusion that an agent, which has been shown to be carcinogenic by one route of exposure, is not carcinogenic by a second route should be made only in the presence of robust data which indicate the lack of effect via the second route of exposure. JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Collins, J F AU - Brown, J P AU - Painter, P R AU - Jamall, I S AU - Zeise, L A AU - Alexeeff, G V AU - Wade, M J AU - Siegel, D M AU - Wong, J J AD - Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkely 94704. Y1 - 1992/08// PY - 1992 DA - August 1992 SP - 57 EP - 72 VL - 16 IS - 1 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Cadmium KW - 00BH33GNGH KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Public Health KW - Environmental Health KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Carcinogens -- administration & dosage KW - Cadmium -- administration & dosage KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Cadmium -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73255840?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=On+the+carcinogenicity+of+cadmium+by+the+oral+route.&rft.au=Collins%2C+J+F%3BBrown%2C+J+P%3BPainter%2C+P+R%3BJamall%2C+I+S%3BZeise%2C+L+A%3BAlexeeff%2C+G+V%3BWade%2C+M+J%3BSiegel%2C+D+M%3BWong%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1992-08-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-11-06 N1 - Date created - 1992-11-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 1994 Jun;19(3):342-3 [8090957] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Age-related percutaneous penetration of 2-sec-butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol (dinoseb) in rats. AN - 73152686; 1516783 AB - [14C]Dinoseb was applied to previously clipped back skin of 33- and 82-day-old female Fischer 344 rats at a dosage range of 210-2680 nmol/cm2. Radioactivity in the treated skin, tissues, urine, and feces was determined at 1, 6, 24, 48, 72, and 120 hr following dermal application. In vitro dermal absorption of [14C]dinoseb was also measured in rats of the same age by static and flow-through methods. In vivo dermal absorption in both young and adults appeared biphasic with 55.6 and 82.7% of the recovered dose, respectively, penetrating in 72 hr. In vitro measurements of skin absorption at 72 hr with static cells showed higher values in young and lower values in the adult compared to in vivo dermal absorption values. In vitro flow-through measurements at 72 hr gave lower dermal absorption values for both young and adult rats, compared to in vivo values. Following in vivo application, adults excreted about 70% of the total recovered dose in urine, 16% in feces, and retained 7% in the body at 120 hr. HPLC analysis of urine collected at 24 hr from adults administered [14C]dinoseb showed extensive metabolism of parent. Excretion and retention results for young were about 80% of the adult values, which also was the young to adult ratio of dermal penetration. Blood had the highest concentration of dinoseb-derived radioactivity of the tissues examined. The kidney to blood ratio averaged 0.60 in young and 0.41 in adults, while the liver and carcass to blood ratio averaged 0.18 in young and 0.11 in adult. Dermal absorption in young rats was slightly less than that in adults, and the subsequent kinetics of retention and excretion appeared different. In vitro dermal penetration of dinoseb was usually lower than in vivo absorption. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Hall, L L AU - Fisher, H L AU - Sumler, M R AU - Hughes, M F AU - Shah, P V AD - Environmental Toxicology Division, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1992/08// PY - 1992 DA - August 1992 SP - 258 EP - 267 VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Carbon Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Dinitrophenols KW - Herbicides KW - 2,4-Dinitrophenol KW - Q13SKS21MN KW - dinoseb KW - YD44ZEM22M KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Radiometry KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Female KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Pregnancy KW - Aging -- physiology KW - Aging -- metabolism KW - 2,4-Dinitrophenol -- analogs & derivatives KW - Herbicides -- pharmacokinetics KW - Skin Absorption KW - Dinitrophenols -- urine KW - Dinitrophenols -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73152686?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Age-related+percutaneous+penetration+of+2-sec-butyl-4%2C6-dinitrophenol+%28dinoseb%29+in+rats.&rft.au=Hall%2C+L+L%3BFisher%2C+H+L%3BSumler%2C+M+R%3BHughes%2C+M+F%3BShah%2C+P+V&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1992-08-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=258&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-10-02 N1 - Date created - 1992-10-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chloroform inhibits the development of diethylnitrosamine-initiated, phenobarbital-promoted gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase and placental form glutathione S-transferase-positive foci in rat liver. AN - 73120689; 1354081 AB - In this study we demonstrate that chloroform, a widely used industrial solvent, a medicinal chemical and a common drinking water contaminant, reduces the number of detectable preneoplastic enzyme-altered foci [gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase-positive (GGT+) and placental form glutathione S-transferase-positive (GST-P+)] in the liver of male Fischer 344 rats. The animals were given a partial hepatectomy and 18 h later received a single oral dose of either 0.5 mmol/kg diethylnitrosamine (DENA) or saline. Two weeks later, groups of 12 animals were started on drinking water containing phenobarbital with varying concentrations (200-1800 mg/l) of chloroform fro 12 weeks. Treated and control animals were killed and the number and the volume of GGT+ and GST-P+ expressing hepatic foci were tabulated. The numbers of foci per unit volume (and per unit area), the percent focal volume and the focal liver were reduced by chloroform in a dose-dependent manner. The mean focal volume was not influenced by chloroform. A plausible explanation for these results could be that chloroform exerts its focal inhibitory effect either by selectively killing the putative initiated cells, by retarding the inherent growth rate of enzyme-altered cells or by reducing the effectiveness of the promoter, phenobarbital. The available evidence suggests that the first hypothesis is the most likely explanation for these observations. These results are consistent with earlier studies showing that chloroform inhibits tumorigenesis in rodents. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Reddy, T V AU - Daniel, F B AU - Lin, E L AU - Stober, J A AU - Olson, G R AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH 45268. Y1 - 1992/08// PY - 1992 DA - August 1992 SP - 1325 EP - 1330 VL - 13 IS - 8 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Diethylnitrosamine KW - 3IQ78TTX1A KW - Chloroform KW - 7V31YC746X KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.- KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B1 KW - gamma-Glutamyltransferase KW - EC 2.3.2.2 KW - Glutathione Transferase KW - EC 2.5.1.18 KW - Phenobarbital KW - YQE403BP4D KW - Index Medicus KW - Drinking KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Organ Size KW - Rats KW - Body Weight KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Oxidoreductases -- metabolism KW - Microsomes, Liver -- enzymology KW - Male KW - Phenobarbital -- pharmacology KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Chloroform -- pharmacology KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - gamma-Glutamyltransferase -- metabolism KW - Glutathione Transferase -- metabolism KW - Diethylnitrosamine -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73120689?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Chloroform+inhibits+the+development+of+diethylnitrosamine-initiated%2C+phenobarbital-promoted+gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase+and+placental+form+glutathione+S-transferase-positive+foci+in+rat+liver.&rft.au=Reddy%2C+T+V%3BDaniel%2C+F+B%3BLin%2C+E+L%3BStober%2C+J+A%3BOlson%2C+G+R&rft.aulast=Reddy&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1992-08-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-09-16 N1 - Date created - 1992-09-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Latex-associated allergies and anaphylactic reactions. AN - 73105680; 1643748 AB - The recent reports of severe anaphylactic reactions and several fatalities caused by contact with latex-containing products raised concerns in the medical community. Although hypersensitivity to natural rubber has been widely reported in the literature, the prevalence and severity of reactions have rapidly increased in the last few years. Latex proteins, constituents of natural latex, appear to be responsible for the sensitization. Many investigators, including our laboratory, are focused on the identification of proteins in raw latex and latex products, specifically those responsible for the elicitation of allergic responses. This paper summarizes available information on the mechanism and epidemiology of latex sensitivity and reviews research efforts toward the identification of the antigen(s) responsible for the reactions. The questions of proper diagnosis and testing, heightening awareness, and prevention of reactions are also addressed. JF - Clinical immunology and immunopathology AU - Tomazic, V J AU - Withrow, T J AU - Fisher, B R AU - Dillard, S F AD - Office of Science and Technology, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland 20857. Y1 - 1992/08// PY - 1992 DA - August 1992 SP - 89 EP - 97 VL - 64 IS - 2 SN - 0090-1229, 0090-1229 KW - Rubber KW - 9006-04-6 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Rubber -- adverse effects KW - Hypersensitivity -- etiology KW - Anaphylaxis -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73105680?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+immunology+and+immunopathology&rft.atitle=Latex-associated+allergies+and+anaphylactic+reactions.&rft.au=Tomazic%2C+V+J%3BWithrow%2C+T+J%3BFisher%2C+B+R%3BDillard%2C+S+F&rft.aulast=Tomazic&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1992-08-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+immunology+and+immunopathology&rft.issn=00901229&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-09-08 N1 - Date created - 1992-09-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The genotoxicity of industrial wastes and effluents. AN - 73050529; 1378533 AB - A review of the literature published on the genotoxicity of industrial wastes and effluents using short-term genetic bioassays is presented in this document. The importance of this task arises from the ubiquity of genotoxic compounds in the environment and the need to identify the sources of contamination so that efforts aimed at control and minimization can be implemented. Of even greater significance is the immediate concern for the welfare of human health and the environment. Subheadings of this document include a description of the genetic bioassays that have been used to test industrial wastes, a compendium of methods commonly used to prepare crude waste samples for bioassay, and a review of the genetic toxicity of wastes and effluents. Wastes and effluents have been grouped according to industrial source. Major categories include chemical and allied products, pulp and paper manufacturing, defense and munitions, petroleum refining, primary metal industries, and miscellaneous industrial manufacturers. Within each industrial category, a synopsis of individual genetic toxicity studies is presented, followed by an interpretation of results on a comprehensive, industry-wide basis. In this evaluation, a discussion of the types and extent of genotoxic damage caused by a particular set of wastes is presented, and potential sources of genotoxic activity are identified. Concluding the document is a commentary, which discloses potential shortcomings in the way in which current legislation protects human heath and the environment from the release of genotoxic substances via industrial wastes and effluents. It also provides an assessment of the genotoxic burden that industrial wastes place on the environment. JF - Mutation research AU - Houk, V S AD - Genetic Bioassay Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1992/08// PY - 1992 DA - August 1992 SP - 91 EP - 138 VL - 277 IS - 2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Industrial Waste KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Index Medicus KW - Mutagenicity Tests UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73050529?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=The+genotoxicity+of+industrial+wastes+and+effluents.&rft.au=Houk%2C+V+S&rft.aulast=Houk&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1992-08-01&rft.volume=277&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-08-14 N1 - Date created - 1992-08-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of Episodic Acidification in Canada, Europe and the United States AN - 19147954; 9301739 AB - Episodic acidification is practically a ubiquitous process in streams and drainage lakes in Canada, Europe and the United States. Depressions of pH are often smaller in systems with low pre-episodic pH levels. Studies on European surface waters have reported episodes most frequently with minimum pH levels below 4.5. In Canada and the United States, studies have also reported a number of systems that have had minimum pH levels below 4.5. In all areas, change in water flow path during hydrological events is a major determinant of episode characteristics. Episodic acidification is also controlled by a combination of other natural and anthropogenic factors. Base cation decreases are an important contributor to episodes in circumneutral streams and lakes. Sulfate pulses are generally important contributors to episodic acidification in Europe and Canada. Nitrate pulses are generally more important to episodic acidification in the northeast United States. Increases in organic acids contribute to episodes in some streams in all areas. In Canada, Europe and the United States, acidic deposition has increased the severity (minimum pH reached) of episodes in some streams and lakes. (Author's abstract) JF - Environmental Pollution ENPOEK, Vol. 78, No. 1/3, p 29-35, August 1992. 3 fig, 49 ref. AU - Wigington, P J AU - Davies, T D AU - Tranter, M AU - Eshleman, K N AD - US EPA Environmental Research Laboratory, 200 SW 35th Street, Corvallis, Oregon Y1 - 1992/08// PY - 1992 DA - Aug 1992 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Descriptors: *Acid rain KW - *Acidification KW - *Canada KW - *Episodic acidification KW - *Europe KW - *Path of pollutants KW - *United States KW - *Water pollution effects KW - Flow pattern KW - Lake acidification KW - Literature review KW - Nitrates KW - Organic acids KW - Precipitation KW - Stream acidification KW - Sulfates KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19147954?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+Episodic+Acidification+in+Canada%2C+Europe+and+the+United+States&rft.au=Wigington%2C+P+J%3BDavies%2C+T+D%3BTranter%2C+M%3BEshleman%2C+K+N&rft.aulast=Wigington&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1992-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Searching for a Water Supply Connection in the Cabool, Missouri Disease Outbreak of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 AN - 19131440; 9211930 AB - A recent disease outbreak resulting in 4 deaths, 32 hospitalizations and a total of 243 documented cases of diarrhea, was linked epidemiologically and by on-site data gathering supported by the use of a distribution system model to the public water supply. The pathogenic agent, Escherichia coli serotype 0157:H7, was isolated from patients' feces in tests conducted by the Centers for Disease Control. Illness was restricted to people using the public water supply. Untreated groundwater quality was not a factor but some disturbances in the distribution system, possibly 43 water meter replacements and 2 line breaks, may have allowed contaminants to enter the water supply. This is the first time a distribution system model has been used to show that the pattern of illness occurrence in a waterborne outbreak study could be related to water movement patterns in the distribution network. (Author's abstract) 55 15 Jul 92 JF - Water Research WATRAG, Vol. 26, No. 8, p 1127-1137, August 1992. 5 fig, 3 tab, 28 ref. AU - Geldreich, EE AU - Fox, K R AU - Goodrich, JA AU - Rice, E W AU - Clark, R M AD - Drinking Water Research Division, Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268 Y1 - 1992/08// PY - 1992 DA - Aug 1992 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - *Cabool KW - *Epidemics KW - *Escherichia coli KW - *Human diseases KW - *Missouri KW - *Path of pollutants KW - *Water pollution effects KW - *Water supply KW - Diarrhea KW - Distribution system model KW - Epidemiology KW - Fecal bacteria KW - Groundwater KW - Model studies KW - Public health KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19131440?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Searching+for+a+Water+Supply+Connection+in+the+Cabool%2C+Missouri+Disease+Outbreak+of+Escherichia+coli+0157%3AH7&rft.au=Geldreich%2C+EE%3BFox%2C+K+R%3BGoodrich%2C+JA%3BRice%2C+E+W%3BClark%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Geldreich&rft.aufirst=EE&rft.date=1992-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of methomyl dissipation on grape foliage. AN - 73240131; 1392283 JF - Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Reeve, M W AU - O'Connell, L P AU - Bissell, S AU - Ross, J AD - California Environmental Protection Agency, Division of Pest Management, Environmental Protection, and Worker Safety, Sacramento 94271-0001. Y1 - 1992/07// PY - 1992 DA - July 1992 SP - 105 EP - 111 VL - 49 IS - 1 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - Pesticide Residues KW - 0 KW - Methomyl KW - 1NQ08HN02S KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Environment KW - Agriculture KW - Weather KW - Half-Life KW - Methomyl -- chemistry KW - Plants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73240131?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+methomyl+dissipation+on+grape+foliage.&rft.au=Reeve%2C+M+W%3BO%27Connell%2C+L+P%3BBissell%2C+S%3BRoss%2C+J&rft.aulast=Reeve&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1992-07-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-10-26 N1 - Date created - 1992-10-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modulation of eicosanoid production by human alveolar macrophages exposed to silica in vitro. AN - 73233573; 1327740 AB - Repeated inhalation of silica dust can lead to inflammation and fibrosis in human lung and in experimental animal models. The alveolar macrophage is believed to play a pivotal role in this process. Numerous macrophage-derived growth factors, cytokines, and arachidonic acid metabolites have been shown to contribute to inflammation and fibrosis. The objective of this study was to determine the eicosanoid production by human alveolar macrophages in response to silica exposure in vitro and to assess the contribution of alveolar macrophages to silica-induced fibrosis and inflammation. Macrophages were obtained from healthy volunteers and were incubated for 3 or 24 hr in the presence of silica (100, 60, and 0 micrograms/mL). Supernatants were removed for eicosanoid analysis. Eicosanoids were analyzed by both high performance liquid chromatography and radioimmunoassay. The data suggest that silica causes an increased release of leukotriene B4, leukotrienes C4/D4/E4, and 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE) after 3 hr and decreases in prostaglandin E2 and thromboxane B2 production after 24 hr of exposure to 100 micrograms/mL silica. In addition, 12-HETE and 15-HETE production remained unchanged at either time point. These opposing effects seen with the metabolites of lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase pathways could contribute to silica-induced fibrosis. The pattern of eicosanoid production after exposure to silica was different from that obtained when macrophages were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide for 3 or 24 hr, indicating that the response to the particles was not just due to general cellular activation. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Koren, H S AU - Joyce, M AU - Devlin, R B AU - Becker, S AU - Driscoll, K AU - Madden, M C AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1992/07// PY - 1992 DA - July 1992 SP - 77 EP - 83 VL - 97 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Eicosanoids KW - 0 KW - Leukotrienes KW - Arachidonic Acid KW - 27YG812J1I KW - Silicon Dioxide KW - 7631-86-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Eicosanoids -- metabolism KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Adult KW - Male KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Arachidonic Acid -- metabolism KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- metabolism KW - Silicon Dioxide -- toxicity KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- drug effects KW - Leukotrienes -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73233573?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Modulation+of+eicosanoid+production+by+human+alveolar+macrophages+exposed+to+silica+in+vitro.&rft.au=Koren%2C+H+S%3BJoyce%2C+M%3BDevlin%2C+R+B%3BBecker%2C+S%3BDriscoll%2C+K%3BMadden%2C+M+C&rft.aulast=Koren&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1992-07-01&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-10-26 N1 - Date created - 1992-10-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Exp Lung Res. 1987;12(2):89-107 [3552644] Exp Lung Res. 1989 Jul;15(4):511-26 [2548830] J Clin Invest. 1987 Oct;80(4):1114-24 [2821074] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1988 Jul;138(1):85-9 [2849340] J Immunol. 1985 Dec;135(6):3958-61 [2999234] J Leukoc Biol. 1987 Aug;42(2):106-13 [3036988] Lung. 1986;164(3):139-54 [3088337] Am J Physiol. 1988 Jun;254(6 Pt 1):C809-15 [3132045] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1986 Apr 15;876(2):271-9 [2420365] J Clin Invest. 1984 May;73(5):1462-72 [6325504] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1989 Feb;139(2):407-15 [2913889] J Clin Invest. 1986 Mar;77(3):700-8 [3081573] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1987 May;135(5):1176-85 [3107445] J Appl Physiol (1985). 1988 Feb;64(2):728-41 [3163686] Nature. 1980 Jul 17;286(5770):264-5 [6250050] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1989 May;139(5):1257-64 [2540688] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1985 Jan;131(1):94-9 [3966717] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adverse male reproductive effects following subchronic exposure of rats to sodium dichloroacetate. AN - 73227153; 1397802 AB - Dichloroacetate (DCA) activates the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex enhancing carbohydrate and lactate utilization in animals. As a result it is used clinically in the treatment of acute lactic acidosis and has therapeutic potential in the treatment of stroke. Adverse effects of chronic DCA treatment include polyneuropathy and testicular degeneration. Since DCA is a principal product of the aqueous chlorination of fulvic acids concern has arisen regarding the agent's impact on environmental health. We treated male Long-Evans rats with 0, 31.25, 62.5, or 125 mg DCA/kg/day by oral gavage for 10 weeks. Compared to controls, preputial gland and epididymis weights were reduced at 31.25 mg/kg, body and liver weights at 62.5 mg/kg, and accessory organ weights at 125 mg/kg. Epididymal sperm counts were reduced and sperm morphology was impacted at the 62.5 and 125 mg/kg doses levels. Histologic examination of the testis and epididymis revealed inhibited spermiation in testes at the 125 mg/kg dose level. Computer-assisted sperm motion analysis revealed reductions in percentage motile sperm, curvilinear and straight-line velocity, linearity, and amplitude of lateral head displacement at both the 62.5 and the 125 mg/kg dose levels. In the assessment of fertility after an overnight mating, the number of viable implants on Day 14 of gestation was decreased only in the highest dose group. These studies demonstrate adverse effects of NaDCA treatment on the rat male reproductive system, primarily on the accessory organs and sperm within them at lower doses (31.25 and 62.5 mg/kg), and on the testis at the highest dose (125 mg/kg). JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Toth, G P AU - Kelty, K C AU - George, E L AU - Read, E J AU - Smith, M K AD - Reproductive and Developmental Biochemistry Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268. Y1 - 1992/07// PY - 1992 DA - July 1992 SP - 57 EP - 63 VL - 19 IS - 1 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Dichloroacetic Acid KW - 9LSH52S3LQ KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Sperm Head -- drug effects KW - Sperm Count -- drug effects KW - Epididymis -- anatomy & histology KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Sperm Motility -- drug effects KW - Pregnancy KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Testis -- anatomy & histology KW - Testis -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Epididymis -- drug effects KW - Time Factors KW - Female KW - Male KW - Testis -- cytology KW - Fertility -- drug effects KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Dichloroacetic Acid -- toxicity KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Genitalia, Male -- physiology KW - Genitalia, Male -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73227153?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Adverse+male+reproductive+effects+following+subchronic+exposure+of+rats+to+sodium+dichloroacetate.&rft.au=Toth%2C+G+P%3BKelty%2C+K+C%3BGeorge%2C+E+L%3BRead%2C+E+J%3BSmith%2C+M+K&rft.aulast=Toth&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1992-07-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-11-20 N1 - Date created - 1992-11-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Occupational and environmental disorders of the special senses. AN - 73095503; 1496433 AB - Occupational hazards to vision, hearing, balance, olfaction, and taste typically constitute a small fraction of specialty medical practices in ophthalmology and otolaryngology. With the possible exception of noise-related hearing loss and VDT eye hazards, the scientific literature regarding these hazards tends to be scattered and variably accessible to occupational medicine practitioners. It is hoped that the current review will heighten the appreciation of these hazards among both generalists and specialists, and will encourage future documentation and reporting of this interesting group of disorders. JF - Occupational medicine (Philadelphia, Pa.) AU - Shusterman, D J AU - Sheedy, J E AD - California Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Berkeley, California 94704. PY - 1992 SP - 515 EP - 542 VL - 7 IS - 3 SN - 0885-114X, 0885-114X KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Taste Disorders -- etiology KW - Vision Disorders -- etiology KW - Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced -- etiology KW - Occupational Diseases -- etiology KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73095503?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Occupational+medicine+%28Philadelphia%2C+Pa.%29&rft.atitle=Occupational+and+environmental+disorders+of+the+special+senses.&rft.au=Shusterman%2C+D+J%3BSheedy%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Shusterman&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1992-07-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=515&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Occupational+medicine+%28Philadelphia%2C+Pa.%29&rft.issn=0885114X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-09-10 N1 - Date created - 1992-09-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cytogenetic studies of mice exposed to styrene by inhalation. AN - 73026204; 1377343 AB - The data for the in vivo genotoxicity of styrene (STY) are equivocal. To evaluate the clastogenicity and sister-chromatid exchange (SCE)-inducing potential of STY in vivo under carefully controlled conditions, B6C3F1 female mice were exposed by inhalation for 6 h/day for 14 consecutive days to either 0, 125, 250 or 500 ppm STY. One day after the final exposure, peripheral blood, spleen, and lungs were removed and cells were cultured for the analysis of micronucleus (MN) induction using the cytochalasin B-block method, chromosome breakage, and SCE induction. Peripheral blood smears were also made for scoring MN in erythrocytes. There was a significant concentration-related elevation of SCE frequency in lymphocytes from the spleen and the peripheral blood as well as in cells from the lung. However, no statistically significant concentration-related increases were found in the frequency of chromosome aberrations in the cultured splenocytes or lung cells, and no significant increases in MN frequencies were observed in binucleated splenocytes or normochromatic erythrocytes in peripheral blood smears. JF - Mutation research AU - Kligerman, A D AU - Allen, J W AU - Bryant, M F AU - Campbell, J A AU - Collins, B W AU - Doerr, C L AU - Erexson, G L AU - Kwanyuen, P AU - Morgan, D L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC. Y1 - 1992/07// PY - 1992 DA - July 1992 SP - 35 EP - 43 VL - 280 IS - 1 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Styrenes KW - 0 KW - Cytochalasin B KW - 3CHI920QS7 KW - Styrene KW - 44LJ2U959V KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Micronucleus Tests KW - Sister Chromatid Exchange KW - Cytochalasin B -- pharmacology KW - Mice KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Female KW - Styrenes -- administration & dosage KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Styrenes -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73026204?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Cytogenetic+studies+of+mice+exposed+to+styrene+by+inhalation.&rft.au=Kligerman%2C+A+D%3BAllen%2C+J+W%3BBryant%2C+M+F%3BCampbell%2C+J+A%3BCollins%2C+B+W%3BDoerr%2C+C+L%3BErexson%2C+G+L%3BKwanyuen%2C+P%3BMorgan%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Kligerman&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1992-07-01&rft.volume=280&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-07-28 N1 - Date created - 1992-07-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interface penetration model formulation for analyzing wall-separation-influenced transient hydraulic conductivity data AN - 50327254; 1993-027732 JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Jennings, Aaron A AU - Ravi, Varadhan Y1 - 1992/07// PY - 1992 DA - July 1992 SP - 1023 EP - 1032 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 56 IS - 4 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - models KW - permeameters KW - theoretical studies KW - wall separation model KW - unsteady flow KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - preferential flow KW - boundary conditions KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50327254?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Interface+penetration+model+formulation+for+analyzing+wall-separation-influenced+transient+hydraulic+conductivity+data&rft.au=Jennings%2C+Aaron+A%3BRavi%2C+Varadhan&rft.aulast=Jennings&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft.date=1992-07-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1023&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SSSJD4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; models; permeameters; preferential flow; theoretical studies; unsteady flow; wall separation model ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Comparison of Methods for Collecting Interstitial Water for Trace Organic Compounds and Metals Analyses AN - 19147416; 9210210 AB - Several common materials and methods used to collect interstitial water (IW) were evaluated to determine their effect on the accuracy and precision of measured concentrations of selected organic compounds and metals. The concentration of pollutants was compared in dosed seawater before and after exposure to stainless steel and Teflon centrifuge tubes, glass fiber and Nucleopore filters, cellulose dialysis membranes and fritted glass tubes. Exposure to most hardware materials did not significantly affect the concentration of four metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb) but there was significant loss (up t o 79%) of two organic compounds (fluoranthene, p,p'-DDE) to almost all the hardware materials tested. Of five commonly used IW collection methods (centrifuging, centrifugal drainage or basal cup, squeezing, vacuum filtration and dialysis) investigated, the centrifuge method was judged the most accurate and precise for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and PCBs. All IW collection methods tested showed high variability for the metals. As a result, with one exception (Cu), there was no significant difference detected in the accuracy of the methods for metals. (Author's abstract) JF - Water Research WATRAG, Vol. 26, No. 7, p 989-995, July 1992. 3 tab, 30 ref. AU - Schults, D W AU - Ferraro, S P AU - Smith, L M AU - Roberts, F A AU - Poindexter, C K AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Pacific Ecosystems Branch, ERL-N, Hatfield Marine Science Center, 2111 S.E. Marine Science Drive, Newport, RI Y1 - 1992/07// PY - 1992 DA - Jul 1992 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - *Comparison studies KW - *Interstitial water KW - *Organic compounds KW - *Trace metals KW - *Laboratory methods KW - Cadmium KW - Chromium KW - Copper KW - Lead KW - Fluoranthene KW - DDE KW - Centrifugation KW - Vacuum filtration KW - Dialysis KW - *Trace levels KW - *Water sampling KW - *Pollutant identification KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19147416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=A+Comparison+of+Methods+for+Collecting+Interstitial+Water+for+Trace+Organic+Compounds+and+Metals+Analyses&rft.au=Schults%2C+D+W%3BFerraro%2C+S+P%3BSmith%2C+L+M%3BRoberts%2C+F+A%3BPoindexter%2C+C+K&rft.aulast=Schults&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1992-07-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In-situ gamma-ray site characterization of the Tatum Salt Dome Test Site in Lamar County, Mississippi. AN - 85257222; pmid-1628991 AB - Field surveys of gamma-ray emitting nuclides and soil core sampling were conducted at 12 sites on the Tatum Salt Dome Test Site and surrounding control areas to determine exposure rates from surficial radioactivity. 137Cs was the only man-made radionuclide detected and was most abundant at three off-site locations on cultivated lawns. 137Cs inventories at all of the on-site survey locations were lower than expected, given the high annual precipitation in the area. The vertical distributions were more extended than those reported for undisturbed sites. Pressurized ion chamber measurements indicated no significant differences in exposure rates on and off the test site. JF - Health Physics AU - Faller, S H AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, NV 89193-3478. PY - 1992 SP - 571 EP - 575 VL - 62 IS - 6 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Radiometry KW - Mississippi KW - Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. KW - Spectrometry, Gamma KW - Soil Pollutants, Radioactive KW - Gamma Rays KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Nuclear Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85257222?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=In-situ+gamma-ray+site+characterization+of+the+Tatum+Salt+Dome+Test+Site+in+Lamar+County%2C+Mississippi.&rft.au=Faller%2C+S+H&rft.aulast=Faller&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1992-06-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=571&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of scientific research in risk assessment and risk management decisions. AN - 85213977; pmid-1608626 AB - Risk-based decisions are an integral part of societal efforts to protect the public from the harmful health effects of environmental pollution. Scientific information about the magnitude and extent of risks experienced by people and about the causes of those risks is a critical factor in setting priorities and choosing cost-effective mitigation strategies. To be effective in strengthening risk assessment and risk management decisions, research must focus on developing four types of predictive tools: (1) methods to screen and characterize toxicity; (2) biologically based dose-response models; (3) physiologically based pharmacokinetic models; and (4) integrated human exposure models. This approach is the key to reducing the uncertainties currently associated with many environmental health problems. JF - Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery AU - Sexton, K AD - Office of Health Research, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460. PY - 1992 SP - 635 EP - 641 VL - 106 IS - 6 SN - 0194-5998, 0194-5998 KW - Human KW - Environmental Pollution KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Risk KW - Research KW - Decision Support Techniques UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85213977?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Otolaryngology--Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.atitle=The+role+of+scientific+research+in+risk+assessment+and+risk+management+decisions.&rft.au=Sexton%2C+K&rft.aulast=Sexton&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1992-06-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=635&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Otolaryngology--Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.issn=01945998&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interspecies extrapolation: a reexamination of acute toxicity data. AN - 73130076; 1502377 AB - We reanalyze the acute toxicity data on cancer chemotherapeutic agents compiled by Freireich et al.(1) and Schein et al.(2) to derive coefficients of the allometric equation for scaling toxic doses across species (toxic dose = a.[body weight]b). In doing so, we extend the analysis of Travis and White (Risk Analysis, 1988, 8, 119-125) by addressing uncertainties inherent in the analysis and by including the hamster data, previously not used. Through Monte Carlo sampling, we specifically account for measurement errors when deriving confidence intervals and testing hypotheses. Two hypotheses are considered: first, that the allometric scaling power (b) varies for chemicals of the type studied; second, that the same scaling power, or "scaling law," holds for all chemicals in the data set. Following the first hypothesis, in 95% of the cases the allometric power of body weight falls in the range from 0.42-0.97, with a population mean of 0.74. Assuming the second hypothesis to be true-that the same scaling law is followed for all chemicals-the maximum likelihood estimate of the scaling power is 0.74; confidence bounds on the mean depend on the size of measurement error assumed. Under a "best case" analysis, 95% confidence bounds on the mean are 0.71 and 0.77, similar to the results reported by Travis and White. For alternative assumptions regarding measurement error, the confidence intervals are larger and include 0.67, but not 1.00. Although a scaling power of about 0.75 provides the best fit to the data as a whole, a scaling power of 0.67, corresponding to scaling per unit surface area, is not rejected when the nonhomogeneity of variances is taken into account. Hence, both surface area and 0.75 power scaling are consistent with the Freireich et al. and Schein et al. data sets. To illustrate the potential impact of overestimating the scaling power, we compare reported human MTDs to values extrapolated from mouse LD10s. JF - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis AU - Watanabe, K AU - Bois, F Y AU - Zeise, L AD - Reproductive and Cancer Hazard Assessment Section, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley 94704. Y1 - 1992/06// PY - 1992 DA - June 1992 SP - 301 EP - 310 VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Biometry KW - Humans KW - Mice KW - Monte Carlo Method KW - Likelihood Functions KW - Body Weight KW - Rats KW - Drug Tolerance KW - Risk Factors KW - Dogs KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Species Specificity KW - Cricetinae KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- administration & dosage KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- toxicity KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73130076?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Interspecies+extrapolation%3A+a+reexamination+of+acute+toxicity+data.&rft.au=Watanabe%2C+K%3BBois%2C+F+Y%3BZeise%2C+L&rft.aulast=Watanabe&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1992-06-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=301&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-09-11 N1 - Date created - 1992-09-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An analysis of the uncertainties in estimates of radon-induced lung cancer. AN - 73122033; 1502375 AB - A recent report by the National Academy of Sciences estimates that the radiation dose to the bronchial epithelium, per working level month (WLM) of radon daughter exposure, is about 30% lower for residential exposures than for exposures received in underground mines. Adjusting the previously published BEIR IV radon risk model accordingly, the unit risk for indoor exposures of the general population is about 2.2 x 10(-4) lung cancer deaths (lcd)/WLM. Using results from EPA's National Residential Radon Survey, the average radon level is estimated to be about 1.25 pCi/L, and the annual average exposure about 0.242 WLM. Based on these estimates, 13,600 radon-induced lcd/yr are projected for the United States. A quantitative uncertainty analysis was performed, which considers: statistical uncertainties in the epidemiological studies of radon-exposed miners; the dependence of risk on age at, and time since, exposure; the extrapolation of risk estimates from mines to homes based on comparative dosimetry; and uncertainties in the radon daughter levels in homes and in the average residential occupancy. Based on this assessment of the uncertainties in the unit risk and exposure estimates, an uncertainty range of 7000-30000 lcd/yr is derived. JF - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis AU - Puskin, J S AD - Office of Radiation Programs, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460. Y1 - 1992/06// PY - 1992 DA - June 1992 SP - 277 EP - 285 VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Radon KW - Q74S4N8N1G KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Age Factors KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Occupational Diseases -- etiology KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Child KW - Mining KW - Male KW - Female KW - Lung Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- etiology KW - Radon -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73122033?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=An+analysis+of+the+uncertainties+in+estimates+of+radon-induced+lung+cancer.&rft.au=Puskin%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Puskin&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1992-06-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-09-11 N1 - Date created - 1992-09-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutagenicity of organic emissions from unvented kerosene heaters in a chamber study. AN - 72996827; 1608068 AB - A study was conducted to assess the mutagenicity of semivolatile organics and particle-bound organics emitted from unvented kerosene space heaters. The units tested included a well-tuned radiant heater and a maltuned convective heater. The tests were conducted in a 27-m3 chamber with a prescribed on/off heater usage pattern. The organic emissions were collected on Teflon-coated glass filters backed by XAD-2 resin. The dichloromethane-extractable organics from both the filters and the XAD were analyzed for nitropolycyclic hydrocarbons using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and were bioassayed for mutagenicity in microsuspension assays using Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 with and without S9 and TA98NR (a nitroreductase-deficient strain) without S9. The results showed that both the semivolatile and particle-bound organics emitted from the kerosene heaters were mutagenic, and the presence of nitropolycyclic hydrocarbons in these organic emissions substantiated these findings. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - Mumford, J L AU - Lewtas, J AU - Williams, K AU - Tucker, W G AU - Traynor, G W AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1992/06// PY - 1992 DA - June 1992 SP - 151 EP - 159 VL - 36 IS - 2 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Kerosene KW - Mutagens KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Atmosphere Exposure Chambers KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Kerosene -- toxicity KW - Air Pollutants -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72996827?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Mutagenicity+of+organic+emissions+from+unvented+kerosene+heaters+in+a+chamber+study.&rft.au=Mumford%2C+J+L%3BLewtas%2C+J%3BWilliams%2C+K%3BTucker%2C+W+G%3BTraynor%2C+G+W&rft.aulast=Mumford&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1992-06-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-07-17 N1 - Date created - 1992-07-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of selected cations and gas speciation on the reduction of fayalite at 1300 degrees C AN - 50374220; 1993-009775 JF - Journal of the American Ceramic Society AU - Ulmer, Gene C AU - Elliott, William Crawford AU - Buntin, Thomas AU - Erickson, Edwin S, Jr AU - Friel, John J A2 - Lipin, Bruce R. A2 - Mysen, Bjorn O. A2 - Ulmer, Gene C. Y1 - 1992/06// PY - 1992 DA - June 1992 SP - 1476 EP - 1483 PB - American Ceramic Society, Columbus, OH VL - 75 IS - 6 SN - 0002-7820, 0002-7820 KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - olivine group KW - nesosilicates KW - melting KW - fayalite KW - orthosilicates KW - cations KW - reduction KW - equations of state KW - synthetic materials KW - chemical fractionation KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50374220?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Ceramic+Society&rft.atitle=Role+of+selected+cations+and+gas+speciation+on+the+reduction+of+fayalite+at+1300+degrees+C&rft.au=Ulmer%2C+Gene+C%3BElliott%2C+William+Crawford%3BBuntin%2C+Thomas%3BErickson%2C+Edwin+S%2C+Jr%3BFriel%2C+John+J&rft.aulast=Ulmer&rft.aufirst=Gene&rft.date=1992-06-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1476&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Ceramic+Society&rft.issn=00027820&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0002-7820&site=1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cations; chemical fractionation; equations of state; experimental studies; fayalite; melting; nesosilicates; olivine group; orthosilicates; reduction; silicates; synthetic materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA's groundwater protection strategy AN - 50347512; 1993-017301 JF - The Interstate Oil & Gas Compact & Committee Bulletin AU - Smith, Jeff AU - Walters, David Y1 - 1992/06// PY - 1992 DA - June 1992 SP - 14 EP - 17 PB - Interstate Oil Compact Commission, Oklahoma City, OK VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1046-2333, 1046-2333 KW - United States KW - protection KW - government agencies KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - hydrogeology KW - economic geology KW - water resources KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50347512?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Interstate+Oil+%26+Gas+Compact+%26+Committee+Bulletin&rft.atitle=EPA%27s+groundwater+protection+strategy&rft.au=Smith%2C+Jeff%3BWalters%2C+David&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft.date=1992-06-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Interstate+Oil+%26+Gas+Compact+%26+Committee+Bulletin&rft.issn=10462333&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1992 midyear meeting of the Interstate Oil and Gas Compact Commission N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - economic geology; government agencies; ground water; hydrogeology; protection; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; United States; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Day Versus Night Electrofishing Catches from Near-Shore Waters of the Ohio and Muskingum Rivers AN - 19168252; 9300475 AB - Day and night electrofishing catches were compared for sampling effectiveness and diel movements of fish to and from near-shore waters of the Ohio and Muskingum rivers. Standardized methods were used to collect same-day paired samples by sampling during the day, displacing the catch, and resampling after twilight. Night catches contained significantly higher numbers of species, individuals (excluding Dorosoma cepedianum), weight, and biological index scores (Modified Index of Well-Being (MIwb) and Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI)). Night versus day paired samples in the Ohio and Muskingum rivers showed, respectively, mean increases of 7.6 and 4.6 species, 229 and 417 fish per km (excluding D. cepedianum), 18.2 and 30.4 kg/km, 2.3 and 1.5 MIwb units, and 10.8 and 8.7 IBI units. Total night catches yielded, respectively, 43% and 15% more taxa, 62% and 160% greater numbers (excluding D. cepedianum), and 50% and 70% more weight than total day catches. Catch differences were primarily attributed to diel movements from off-shore to near-shore waters during the evening-twilight period. Taxa which increased the most at night in the Ohio river were: Alosa chrysochloris, Notropis wickliffi, Ictiobus bubalus, Moxostoma anisurum, M. duquesnei, Ictalurus punctatus, Morone saxatilis x M. chrysops, Ambloplites rupestris, Stizostedion canadense, and Aplodinotus grunniens; and in the Muskingum River: Ictiobus bubalus, Moxostoma anisurum, and Morone chrysops. Standardized night electrofishing is an effective sampling technique for many mainstream species and provides a better, more complete, biological assessment than day electrofishing. Therefore, it should be incorporated into long-term monitoring programs for these large, deep rivers. These findings may also be applicable to large, deep bodies of water elsewhere. (Author's abstract) JF - Ohio Journal of Science OJSCA9, Vol. 92, No. 3, p 51-59, June 1992. 3 fig, 1 tab, 35 ref. append. AU - Sanders, R E AD - Division of Water Quality Planning and Assessment, State of Ohio Environmental Protection Agency, 1685 Westbelt Drive, Columbus, OH 43228 Y1 - 1992/06// PY - 1992 DA - Jun 1992 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - *Biological samples KW - Shad Shiner KW - Catfish KW - Bass Walleye KW - Drum KW - River herring KW - Buffalo fish KW - Sucker KW - Diurnal variation KW - Fish behavior KW - Species composition KW - *Electrofishing KW - *Ohio River KW - *Muskingum River KW - Fishing KW - *Fish populations KW - Fish catches KW - Fish distribution KW - Rivers KW - SW 3000:Water quality management and protection KW - SW 6090:Fisheries engineering KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19168252?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Day+Versus+Night+Electrofishing+Catches+from+Near-Shore+Waters+of+the+Ohio+and+Muskingum+Rivers&rft.au=Sanders%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Sanders&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1992-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Taxonomic Level Sufficient for Assessing a Moderate Impact on Macrobenthic Communities in Puget Sound, Washington, USA AN - 19144079; 9301937 AB - Macrobenthic data obtained during three sampling schemes (0.06-sq m x 8-cm-deep sampling unit and 1.0-mm or 0.5-mm mesh sieves, and 0.1-sq m x 8-cm-deep sampling unit and 1.0-mm mesh sieve) previously identified as optimal or near-optimal for detecting differences between a reference and a moderately impacted station when animals are identified to species were reanalyzed at the genus, family, order, and phylum level to determine the taxonomic level sufficient to detect differences between the stations with t-tests on five measures of community structure. Taxonomically sufficient levels for number of taxa were family in 1.0-mm mesh samples and species in 0.5-mm mesh samples. Specific identification usually was required for a Dominance, Shannon's, 1-Simpson's, and McIntosh's index in 1.0-mm and 0.5 mm mesh samples, suggesting limits to the utility of the taxonomic sufficiency concept when using those indices to detect moderate impacts. The present study and previous work indicate that moderate benthic impacts can be detected reliably (alpha = 0.05, 1-beta approximately 0.80) at the study site on number of taxa and five other measures of community structure with five to seven replicate 0.06-sq m x 8-cm-deep, 1.0-mm mesh samples per station and identification to family only. Taxonomic sufficiency can vary depending on the animal size fraction sampled and the measure used. (Author's abstract) JF - Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences CJFSDX, Vol. 49, No. 6, p 1184-1188, June 1992. 1 fig, 1 tab, 34 ref. AU - Ferraro, S P AU - Cole, F A AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Pacific Ecosystems Branch, ERL-N, Hatfield Marine Science Center, 2111 S.E. Marine Science Drive, Newport, OR 97365-5200 Y1 - 1992/06// PY - 1992 DA - Jun 1992 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Descriptors: *Analytical methods KW - *Benthic fauna KW - *Bioindicators KW - *Environmental assessment KW - *Environmental impact KW - *Macroinvertebrates KW - *Puget Sound KW - *Taxonomic sufficiency method KW - *Washington State KW - Biological samples KW - Monitoring KW - Samplers KW - Sampling KW - Statistical analysis KW - Statistical methods KW - Taxonomy KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19144079?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Taxonomic+Level+Sufficient+for+Assessing+a+Moderate+Impact+on+Macrobenthic+Communities+in+Puget+Sound%2C+Washington%2C+USA&rft.au=Ferraro%2C+S+P%3BCole%2C+F+A&rft.aulast=Ferraro&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1992-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Health Effects of Arsenic in Drinking Water: Research Needs AN - 19141306; 9302356 AB - Recommendations from the workgroup established by the US EPA to evaluate the research needed to assess the risk of cancer from ingestion of arsenic in drinking water fall into two categories: research on the mechanism of cancer and research on the metabolism and detoxification of arsenic. To meet regulatory time tables, emphasis was placed on work that could be conducted in 3-5 years. The recommendations in order of priority are: (1) to investigate the ability of inorganic As, monomethylarsonic acid and dimethyl arsenic acid to break DNA, cause gene amplification and endoreduplication employing in vitro test systems; (2) to conduct a survey to determine any variability in human capacity to metabolize inorganic As; (3) to determine whether any portion of the dose of As excreted in urine as inorganic As, methylated, and for sulfhydryl-altered forms, vary with As dose; and (4) to compare the fraction of As excreted in methylated forms in the USA, Taiwan and other populations. Recommended research that will take longer than 3-5 years includes: (5) development of an experimental animal test system for As-induced carcinogenesis; (6) the determination of whether As-induced skin cancers can be differentiated from those induced by other causes (e.g. solar radiation); and (7) to determine if As-induced hyperkeratosis is a precursor to As-induced skin cancer. Data from studies based on these recommendations will be factored into the weight-of-evidence decision on the maximum contaminant level for arsenic. (MacKeen-PTT) JF - Environmental Geochemistry and Health, Vol. 14, No. 2, p 63-68, June 1992. 1 fig, 25 ref. AU - Fowle, J R AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, MD-51A, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC Y1 - 1992/06// PY - 1992 DA - Jun 1992 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - *Arsenic KW - *Carcinogens KW - *Drinking water KW - *Public health KW - *Research priorities KW - *Risk assessment KW - *Water pollution effects KW - Administrative agencies KW - Cancer KW - Carcinogenesis KW - Environmental Protection Agency KW - Epidemiology KW - Heavy metals KW - Human diseases KW - Population exposure KW - Water quality standards KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19141306?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Health+Effects+of+Arsenic+in+Drinking+Water%3A+Research+Needs&rft.au=Fowle%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Fowle&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1992-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human Carcinogenesis by Arsenic AN - 19125306; 9302354 AB - Arsenic is one of the few human carcinogens for which there is not yet a reliable animal cancer model. As such, the classification of arsenic as a carcinogen is based upon data derived from human epidemiologic studies. Although the mechanisms of action of arsenic as a toxic agent have been known for many years, the inability to produce cancer with arsenic in laboratory animals has confounded the operational characterization of arsenic as initiator, promoter, complete carcinogen, or cocarcinogen for humans. Arsenic is clearly a genotoxic agent that induces chromosomal aberrations, micronuclei and sister chromatid exchange in mammalian cells as well as neoplastically transforms Syrian hamster embryo cells; however, it is not a classical point mutagen. In humans, ingestion of arsenic is primarily associated with cancer of the skin, as has been reported to occur from natural contamination of drinking water. Arsenic is a potent carcinogen; ingestion of approximately 1 mg/day could lead to a cancer incidence near 1% in the exposed population. For regulatory purposes, it is necessary to know what risk of cancer, if any, is incurred at the apparently low doses found in most US water supplies, and to distinguish the number of arsenic-induced cancers from the background of sunlight-induced skin cancer. An understanding of the mechanism of action of arsenic as a carcinogen would assist organizations such as the EPA to choose the most adequate low-dose extrapolation schemes for risk assessments. (MacKeen-PTT) JF - Environmental Geochemistry and Health, Vol. 14, No. 2, p 49-54, June 1992. 4 fig, 1 tab, 24 ref. AU - Mass, MJ AD - Carcinogenesis and Metabolism Branch, MD-68, Genetic Toxicology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC Y1 - 1992/06// PY - 1992 DA - Jun 1992 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - *Arsenic KW - *Carcinogens KW - *Drinking water KW - *Public health KW - *Risk assessment KW - *Water pollution effects KW - Carcinogenesis KW - Environmental chemistry KW - Epidemiology KW - Human diseases KW - Literature review KW - Population exposure KW - Water supply KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19125306?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Human+Carcinogenesis+by+Arsenic&rft.au=Mass%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Mass&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=1992-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The neurotoxicant 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) alters immune function when given in combination with diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC). AN - 73082851; 1353332 JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - Miller, D B AU - Luebke, R W AU - Reinhard, J F AU - O'Callaghan, J P AD - U.S. EPA, Health Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1992/05/11/ PY - 1992 DA - 1992 May 11 SP - 309 EP - 311 VL - 648 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Ditiocarb KW - 99Z2744345 KW - 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine KW - 9P21XSP91P KW - Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase KW - EC 1.14.16.2 KW - Corticosterone KW - W980KJ009P KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase -- metabolism KW - Drug Interactions KW - Reference Values KW - Mice KW - Corpus Striatum -- enzymology KW - Thymus Gland -- immunology KW - Corticosterone -- blood KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Corpus Striatum -- drug effects KW - Spleen -- immunology KW - Killer Cells, Natural -- immunology KW - Male KW - Lymphocyte Activation -- drug effects KW - Ditiocarb -- pharmacology KW - B-Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine -- pharmacology KW - B-Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - T-Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - T-Lymphocytes -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73082851?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=The+neurotoxicant+1-methyl-4-phenyl-1%2C2%2C3%2C6-tetrahydropyridine+%28MPTP%29+alters+immune+function+when+given+in+combination+with+diethyldithiocarbamate+%28DDC%29.&rft.au=Miller%2C+D+B%3BLuebke%2C+R+W%3BReinhard%2C+J+F%3BO%27Callaghan%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1992-05-11&rft.volume=648&rft.issue=&rft.spage=309&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-08-21 N1 - Date created - 1992-08-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On reference dose (RfD) and its underlying toxicity data base. AN - 73135723; 1502696 AB - The toxicity data of pesticides were summarized and compared amongst different animal species and types of bioassays. These comparisons showed the expected inter-species and inter-bioassay variability. After quantitative and statistical analysis of these data, it was concluded that, on the average, a 2-year dog bioassay detected toxic responses at similar doses as a 2-year rat study, and that both of these bioassays detected toxic responses at lower doses than either a rat 2-generation bioassay, a rat developmental toxicity study, or a 2-year mouse bioassay. Although these chronic dog and rat bioassays were found to detect toxic responses at lower doses than the other studies listed, this analysis does not reflect the seriousness of the effects that were compared. Within the confines of this analysis, then, it appears that a 2-year dog and rat study, reproductive and developmental bioassays are a sufficient data base on which to estimate high confidence Reference Doses (RfDs), and furthermore, that an additional uncertainty factor is needed to estimate RfDs to account for this inter-species and inter-bioassay variability when fewer than this number of bioassays are available. JF - Toxicology and industrial health AU - Dourson, M L AU - Knauf, L A AU - Swartout, J C AD - Office of Research and Development, Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268. PY - 1992 SP - 171 EP - 189 VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Reference Standards KW - Dogs KW - Mice KW - Species Specificity KW - Pesticides -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73135723?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+industrial+health&rft.atitle=On+reference+dose+%28RfD%29+and+its+underlying+toxicity+data+base.&rft.au=Dourson%2C+M+L%3BKnauf%2C+L+A%3BSwartout%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Dourson&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1992-05-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+industrial+health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-09-17 N1 - Date created - 1992-09-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Study design considerations in developmental neurotoxicology. AN - 73082935; 1321946 AB - It is widely accepted that exposure to environmental factors during development can result in effects other than death, gross structural abnormality, or altered growth. One area of concern is the developing nervous system, which may be especially vulnerable to environmental perturbation. Testing chemicals for potential developmental neurotoxicity has received a high priority and testing guidelines have been published and recently revised by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. These guidelines are based on several principles of developmental neurotoxicity that have been developed during several years of research. In general, manifestation of neurotoxicity following developmental exposure can depend on the time at which exposure occurs and for the purposes of hazard detection, experiments should be designed to optimize the detection of neurotoxicity. In addition, maternal health and interaction with the offspring, as well as postnatal development are important design issues in developmental neurotoxicology. It is also widely accepted that several doses be used and multiple measures of neurotoxicity assessed in both genders at several points during the life span of the animal. Finally, the litter is usually regarded as the most appropriate statistical unit to control for genetic and maternal factors. JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Tilson, H A AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. PY - 1992 SP - 199 EP - 203 VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Polybrominated Biphenyls KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Animals KW - Gravitation KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Retention (Psychology) -- drug effects KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Avoidance Learning -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Female KW - Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Nervous System -- embryology KW - Nervous System -- growth & development KW - Research Design KW - Polybrominated Biphenyls -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73082935?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=Study+design+considerations+in+developmental+neurotoxicology.&rft.au=Tilson%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Tilson&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1992-05-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-08-27 N1 - Date created - 1992-08-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prophage induction by DNA topoisomerase II poisons and reactive-oxygen species: role of DNA breaks. AN - 72904629; 1373845 AB - Various compounds were evaluated for their ability to induce prophage lambda in the Escherichia coli WP2s(lambda) microscreen assay. The inability of a DNA gyrase subunit B inhibitor (novobiocin) to induce prophage indicated that inhibition of the gyrase's ATPase was insufficient to elicit the SOS response. In contrast, poisons of DNA gyrase subunit A (nalidixic acid and oxolinic acid) were the most potent inducers of prophage among the agents examined here. This suggested that inhibition of the ligation function of subunit A, which also has a DNA nicking activity, likely resulted in DNA breaks that were available (as single-stranded DNA) to act as strong SOS-inducing signals, leading to prophage induction. Agents that both intercalated and produced reactive-oxygen species (the mammalian DNA topoisomerase II poisons, adriamycin, ellipticine, and m-AMSA) were the next most potent inducers of prophage. Agents that produced reactive-oxygen species only (hydrogen peroxide and paraquat) were less potent than adriamycin and ellipticine but more potent than m-AMSA. Agents that intercalated but did not generate reactive-oxygen species (actinomycin D) or that did neither (teniposide) were unable to induce prophage, suggesting that intercalation alone may be insufficient to induce prophage. These results illustrate the variety of mechanisms (and the relative effectiveness of these mechanisms) by which agents can induce prophage. Nonetheless, these agents may induce prophage by producing essentially the same type of DNA damage, i.e., DNA strand breaks. The potent genotoxicity of the DNA gyrase subunit A poisons illustrates the genotoxic consequences of perturbing an important DNA-protein complex such as that formed by DNA and DNA topoisomerase. JF - Mutation research AU - DeMarini, D M AU - Lawrence, B K AD - Genetic Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1992/05// PY - 1992 DA - May 1992 SP - 1 EP - 17 VL - 267 IS - 1 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Azides KW - 0 KW - Ellipticines KW - Free Radicals KW - Topoisomerase II Inhibitors KW - Amsacrine KW - 00DPD30SOY KW - ellipticine KW - 117VLW7484 KW - Novobiocin KW - 17EC19951N KW - Dactinomycin KW - 1CC1JFE158 KW - Nalidixic Acid KW - 3B91HWA56M KW - Doxorubicin KW - 80168379AG KW - Teniposide KW - 957E6438QA KW - Sodium Azide KW - 968JJ8C9DV KW - Hydrogen Peroxide KW - BBX060AN9V KW - Oxolinic Acid KW - L0A22B22FT KW - Paraquat KW - PLG39H7695 KW - Oxygen KW - S88TT14065 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Amsacrine -- toxicity KW - Dactinomycin -- toxicity KW - SOS Response (Genetics) KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Ellipticines -- toxicity KW - Novobiocin -- toxicity KW - Azides -- toxicity KW - Doxorubicin -- toxicity KW - Paraquat -- toxicity KW - Teniposide -- toxicity KW - Hydrogen Peroxide -- toxicity KW - Escherichia coli KW - Nalidixic Acid -- toxicity KW - Oxolinic Acid -- toxicity KW - Virus Replication KW - Oxygen -- toxicity KW - DNA Damage KW - Bacteriophage lambda -- genetics KW - Lysogeny -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72904629?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Prophage+induction+by+DNA+topoisomerase+II+poisons+and+reactive-oxygen+species%3A+role+of+DNA+breaks.&rft.au=DeMarini%2C+D+M%3BLawrence%2C+B+K&rft.aulast=DeMarini&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1992-05-01&rft.volume=267&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-05-27 N1 - Date created - 1992-05-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Control of alkaline phosphatase activity in C3H10T1/2 cells: role of retinoic acid and cell density. AN - 72900279; 1572900 AB - The enzyme alkaline phosphatase (AP) has been shown to be lost or inappropriately expressed during carcinogenesis in some tissues. Because retinoic acid (RA) appears to play a role in the normal regulation of the enzyme (RA up-regulates AP in a variety of cell types) we have suggested that altered AP expression in some cancers may be caused by a defect in the ability of the cells to respond normally to retinoid. We have begun to use the chemically transformable mouse embryo fibroblast cell, C3H10T1/2, to investigate this possibility. In this initial study we characterized AP regulation in normal C3H10T1/2 cells and show that: (1) 10(-7) M RA increases AP activity within 3-4 h in serum-free medium; (2) serum inhibits short-term induction (0-8 h) in a concentration-dependent manner (10% serum causes complete inhibition); (3) during long-term RA exposure (24 h and 48 h), induction can be detected in serum-containing medium; (4) AP induction is dose related at RA concentrations from 10(-10) M to 10(-6) M in serum-free medium; (5) 10(-5) M RA is ineffective at inducing AP in serum-free medium during 8 h but is the most effective concentration in serum-containing medium during 24 h and 48 h exposures; (6) AP inducibility by RA requires near-confluent cell densities; and (7) when cultures become confluent, cells become constitutive for AP and no longer require RA for enzyme expression. The effects of serum and cell density on AP inducibility by RA and implications of the RA up-regulation of AP for teratogenesis are discussed. JF - Journal of cellular physiology AU - Reese, D H AU - Larsen, R A AU - Hornicek, F J AD - Genetic Toxicology Assessment Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460. Y1 - 1992/05// PY - 1992 DA - May 1992 SP - 239 EP - 248 VL - 151 IS - 2 SN - 0021-9541, 0021-9541 KW - Tretinoin KW - 5688UTC01R KW - Alkaline Phosphatase KW - EC 3.1.3.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Osmolar Concentration KW - Blood KW - Animals KW - Cell Count -- drug effects KW - Enzyme Induction KW - Cell Line, Transformed KW - Time Factors KW - Tretinoin -- pharmacology KW - Fibroblasts -- enzymology KW - Fibroblasts -- cytology KW - Alkaline Phosphatase -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72900279?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+cellular+physiology&rft.atitle=Control+of+alkaline+phosphatase+activity+in+C3H10T1%2F2+cells%3A+role+of+retinoic+acid+and+cell+density.&rft.au=Reese%2C+D+H%3BLarsen%2C+R+A%3BHornicek%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Reese&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1992-05-01&rft.volume=151&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+cellular+physiology&rft.issn=00219541&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-06-02 N1 - Date created - 1992-06-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicology of Drinking Water Disinfection Byproducts from Nutrients. Rate Studies of Destruction of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Vitro by Chlorine-Based Disinfectants AN - 19148781; 9300402 AB - As model reactions between unsaturated fats and water disinfectants in the GI tract, relative rates of destruction of 7 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (L, alpha-Ln, gamma-Ln, Ara, EPA, DH, and DT) by OCl(-) and NH2Cl were investigated in vitro. Using millimolar solutions of 7 PUFAs combined with various OCl(-) mole ratios, disappearance of PUFAs was followed by UV spectrophotometry at pH = 9.5 and at 35 C via conjugated hydroperoxydienes at 234 nm. While OCl(-) rapidly destroyed all PUFAs, NH2Cl was inert. Overall, second-order rate constants computed for L, at increasing times, disclosed that the attack on the cis-CH=CHCH2CH=CH moiety by OCl(-) does not follow simple second-order kinetics. Using a logit-log transform and second-order polynomial regression analysis of L's disappearance in a stoichiometric (L = 1.2 mM; (ClO(-)) = 2.4 mM) mix, data were analyzed by a time ratio method. These agreed with a sequential system of at least two irreversible second-order reactions. Preliminary GC/MS analysis indicated that the initial product is a mix of chlorohydrin isomers. These undergo a second addition of HOCl and/or lose halogens and polymerize. Additional minor products were also C5-C9 monofunctional and bifunctional carboxylates and mixed acid aldehydes. Studies with mol equiv of Cl(-)-free Cl-36-O allowed estimation of covalent binding of C by L at various times, supporting the kinetic findings. For other PUFAs of higher degree unsaturation, the complexity of feasible reactions precluded an analogous approach. As a substitute, reactions of each PUFA at identical molarities and conditions were followed. Using logit-log transforms again, relative apparent rates were computed showing that increasing unsaturation and chain length decreases reactivity with OCl(-). Binding of 36-Cl showed that PUFAs of increasing unsaturation are principally destroyed via oxidation. (Author's abstract) JF - Chemical Research in Toxicology CRTOEC, Vol. 5, No. 3, p 418-425, May/June 1992. 7 fig, 6 tab, 20 ref. AU - Bercz, J P AD - Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1992/05// PY - 1992 DA - May 1992 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - *Chlorination KW - *Water quality KW - *Water treatment KW - *Fatty acids KW - *Regression analysis KW - *Oxidation KW - *Disinfection KW - Chlorination by-products KW - Chemical reactions KW - SW 3000:Water quality management and protection KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19148781?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Toxicology+of+Drinking+Water+Disinfection+Byproducts+from+Nutrients.+Rate+Studies+of+Destruction+of+Polyunsaturated+Fatty+Acids+in+Vitro+by+Chlorine-Based+Disinfectants&rft.au=Bercz%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Bercz&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1992-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human upper respiratory tract responses to inhaled pollutants with emphasis on nasal lavage. AN - 72929369; 1580472 AB - A set of symptoms has been described during the past two decades. These symptoms, which have been called the sick building syndrome, include eye, nose, and throat irritation; headache; mental fatigue; and respiratory distress. It is likely that VOCs present in synthetic materials used in homes and office buildings contribute to these symptoms. There have been few studies, however, in which humans have been exposed to known amounts of VOCs under carefully controlled conditions. In this study, 14 subjects have been exposed to a mixture of VOCs (25 mg/m3 total hydrocarbon) representative of what is found in new homes and office buildings. Because irritation of the nose and throat are symptoms often associated with the upper respiratory tract and may result from an inflammatory response in the upper airways, we have used NAL to monitor PMN influx into the nasal passages following exposure to VOCs. We report statistically significant increases in PMNs both immediately after a 4-hr exposure to VOCs, as well as 18 hr later. JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - Koren, H S AU - Devlin, R B AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1992/04/30/ PY - 1992 DA - 1992 Apr 30 SP - 215 EP - 224 VL - 641 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Index Medicus KW - Therapeutic Irrigation -- methods KW - Neutrophils KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Male KW - Leukocyte Count KW - Female KW - Nasal Mucosa -- pathology KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- adverse effects KW - Rhinitis -- pathology KW - Rhinitis -- immunology KW - Nasal Mucosa -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72929369?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Human+upper+respiratory+tract+responses+to+inhaled+pollutants+with+emphasis+on+nasal+lavage.&rft.au=Koren%2C+H+S%3BDevlin%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Koren&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1992-04-30&rft.volume=641&rft.issue=&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-06-09 N1 - Date created - 1992-06-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recent field studies of personal and indoor exposures to environmental pollutants. AN - 72921365; 1580482 JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - Wallace, L A AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Warrenton, Virginia 22186. Y1 - 1992/04/30/ PY - 1992 DA - 1992 Apr 30 SP - 7 EP - 16 VL - 641 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Dust KW - 0 KW - Pesticides KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Pesticides -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Dust -- analysis KW - Particle Size KW - Humans KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Child KW - Child, Preschool KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- statistics & numerical data UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72921365?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Recent+field+studies+of+personal+and+indoor+exposures+to+environmental+pollutants.&rft.au=Wallace%2C+L+A&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1992-04-30&rft.volume=641&rft.issue=&rft.spage=7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-06-09 N1 - Date created - 1992-06-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of microenvironmental CO concentrations in two cities for human exposure modeling. AN - 73168134; 1381249 AB - The microenvironmental components of the CO concentration in two cities are compared by subtracting the ambient background concentration from personal exposures measured in Denver, Colorado, and Washington, DC. Two surrogate measures for the ambient background concentration are tested. Both improve the similarity of the means in the two cities, but the Denver standard deviations are higher than those in Washington, DC. Microenvironments containing the internal combustion engine have both higher means and standard deviations in Denver compared with Washington, DC. The Washington, DC, mean concentration for automobiles, for example, was 59% of the Denver mean (2.0 ppm versus 4.9 ppm). Washington, DC, had approximately 57% of the Denver emissions, and the difference in mean CO concentrations is roughly consistent with the lower emissions in Washington, DC, due to lower elevation. A surprising finding is that mean CO exposure levels caused by cooking with gas stoves in Washington, DC, were only 58% of the levels in Denver (1.9 ppm and 3.3 ppm, respectively). This result suggests that elevation may exert an influence on gas stove emissions that is similar to its influence on internal combustion engines. Using an averaging time model, analysis of the autocorrelation of sleeping and office microenvironments suggests that considerable serial dependency exists. The microenvironmental data and findings in this paper have important implications for constructing human exposure-activity pattern models. For future human exposure field studies, the findings emphasize the importance of measuring background values in a location that is extremely close to each microenvironment studied. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Ott, W R AU - Mage, D T AU - Thomas, J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Stanford, California. PY - 1992 SP - 249 EP - 267 VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - Carbon Monoxide KW - 7U1EE4V452 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - District of Columbia KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Urban Health KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Colorado KW - Vehicle Emissions -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Carbon Monoxide -- analysis KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73168134?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+microenvironmental+CO+concentrations+in+two+cities+for+human+exposure+modeling.&rft.au=Ott%2C+W+R%3BMage%2C+D+T%3BThomas%2C+J&rft.aulast=Ott&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1992-04-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=249&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-10-02 N1 - Date created - 1992-10-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection and disinfection of pathogens in storm-generated flows. AN - 73015880; 1611552 AB - The disease-producing potential of recreational waters is currently estimated through the use of certain bacterial indicators that are believed to be positively correlated with the presence of fecal contamination. In general, these indicators and their recommended limiting values have been adopted for use from existing standard methods for the analysis of sanitary waste water. However, no indicator currently in use today exists solely in the feces of man and not also elsewhere, e.g., in soils, vegetation, and the feces of animals. Storm-water runoff is often rich in bacteria originating from these nonhuman sources and can contain high densities of indicator bacteria; however, existing epidemiological studies of recreational waters receiving storm-water runoff have reported little correlation between current indicator densities and the incidences of swimming illnesses. In addition, microbial analyses of storm-water runoff have revealed a predominance of nonenteric disease-causing bacteria and viruses that have been linked to respiratory illnesses and skin infections. Fecal-based indicators in use today provide no information on the risks resulting from body contact with these nonenteric pathogens. Consequently, for receiving waters containing discharges that originate primarily from separate storm drainage systems, current bacterial indicators are ill suited to accurately assess the water's total illness-producing capabilities. This paper briefly reviews the development of current bacterial standards and evaluates their adoption in the field of storm-water testing. The unique disinfection requirements of storm-generated runoff are discussed, and advanced disinfection practices are reviewed. The need for additional epidemiological studies that address the disease-causing potential of nonhuman and nonenteric pathogens commonly found in storm-water runoff from urban, agricultural, and rural watershed areas is emphasized in order to determine the actual health risks associated with storm water runoff contact. JF - Canadian journal of microbiology AU - O'Shea, M L AU - Field, R AD - Storm and Combined Sewer Overflow Pollution Control Program, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Edison, NJ 08837-3679. Y1 - 1992/04// PY - 1992 DA - April 1992 SP - 267 EP - 276 VL - 38 IS - 4 SN - 0008-4166, 0008-4166 KW - Index Medicus KW - Feces -- microbiology KW - Animals KW - Disinfection -- methods KW - Humans KW - Bacteria -- isolation & purification KW - Water Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Rain KW - Water Movements KW - Water Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73015880?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+journal+of+microbiology&rft.atitle=Detection+and+disinfection+of+pathogens+in+storm-generated+flows.&rft.au=O%27Shea%2C+M+L%3BField%2C+R&rft.aulast=O%27Shea&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1992-04-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+journal+of+microbiology&rft.issn=00084166&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-07-29 N1 - Date created - 1992-07-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alterations in rat flash and pattern reversal evoked potentials after acute or repeated administration of carbon disulfide (CS2). AN - 72974274; 1597259 AB - Because solvents may selectively alter portions of visual evoked potentials, we examined the effects of carbon disulfide (CS2) on flash (FEPs) and pattern reversal (PREPs) evoked potentials. Long-Evans rats were administered ip carbon disulfide either acutely or for 30 days. FEPs or PREPs were recorded prior to and 1, 2, 4, 8, or 24 hr after a single dose of CS2 (0, 100, 200, 400, or 500 mg/kg). Flash evoked potentials were also recorded 1, 2, 6, and 24 hr after the last of 30 doses of 200 mg CS2/kg/day. Acute exposure to CS2 consistently decreased the amplitude of FEP peak N160 at 1 hr, depressed peak N30 amplitude over 2-4 hr, and increased the latency of peaks P21, N30, P46, N56, and N160 for up to 4 hr after treatment. Carbon disulfide decreased the amplitude of PREP peaks P65, N83, P88, and N122 4 hr after treatment. Colonic temperature was depressed up to 8 hr after treatment. Administration of 200 mg CS2/kg/day decreased the amplitude of FEP peak N30 and increased the latencies of peaks P21, N30, P46, N56, and N160 up to 24 hr after the last dose. The differential effects of CS2 on portions of FEPs indicate that FEP peaks can be independently modulated. Changes in PREPs were temporally correlated with alterations in early FEP peaks, but FEP peak N160 was depressed at an earlier time point. Repeated CS2 exposure affected FEPs at lower doses and for a longer time than an acute exposure, similar to the reported greater severity of neurological disturbances following repeated CS2 exposures in humans. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Herr, D W AU - Boyes, W K AU - Dyer, R S AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1992/04// PY - 1992 DA - April 1992 SP - 328 EP - 342 VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Carbon Disulfide KW - S54S8B99E8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Photic Stimulation KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Pattern Recognition, Visual -- drug effects KW - Evoked Potentials, Visual -- drug effects KW - Carbon Disulfide -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72974274?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Alterations+in+rat+flash+and+pattern+reversal+evoked+potentials+after+acute+or+repeated+administration+of+carbon+disulfide+%28CS2%29.&rft.au=Herr%2C+D+W%3BBoyes%2C+W+K%3BDyer%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Herr&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1992-04-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=328&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-07-07 N1 - Date created - 1992-07-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Embryonic palatal responses to teratogens in serum-free organ culture. AN - 72952033; 1585266 AB - This study examines development of rat, mouse, and human embryonic palates in submerged, serum-free organ culture. The concentration-response profiles for retinoic acid (RA), triamcinolone (TRI), hydrocortisone (HC), dexamethasone (DEX), and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) were examined and the mechanisms of clefting in vitro were compared to observed in vivo responses. Craniofacial regions were dissected on gestational day (GD) 12 for mice and GD 14 for rat, and cultured for 3-4 days in Bigger's BGJb medium in flasks flushed with 50% O2, 45% N2, 5% CO2. Growth and fusion of secondary palates were scored under a dissecting microscope. In serum-free control medium, mouse and rat palatal fusion occurred within the 4-day culture period. Supplementing with fetal bovine serum (FBS) in excess of 1% interfered with growth and fusion in control medium. RA significantly inhibited fusion of mouse and rat palates at 5 x 10(-9) and 1 x 10(-10) M, respectively, with RA-induced clefting related to abnormal proliferation and differentiation of medial epithelia. In contrast, glucocorticoid-induced clefting was due to concentration-dependent inhibition of shelf growth. TRI significantly inhibited fusion at 4 x 10(-5) M, and 1 x 10(-4) M DEX or HC, inhibited fusion of 19 and 42% of shelves, respectively. The response rate for DEX in the presence of 1% FBS was increased (42% unfused). TCDD clefting was due to altered medial epithelial differentiation and 1 x 10(-8) M TCDD affected 36% of CD-1 mouse, 23% of C57BL/6N mouse, and 47% of F344 rat palates. When the medium was supplemented with 1% FBS, selenium, transferrin, and additional glutamine, the response of C57BL/6N embryos increased to 75%. This rate is similar to that reported for Trowell's-type cultures with IMEM:F12 medium and 1% FBS. The increased responsiveness to DEX or TCDD in the presence of serum suggests that an unknown factor in serum may be required for full activity. Three human embryonic palatal explants (GD 52 or 53) were cultured for 3-6 days and fused during culture. The present study demonstrates that serum-free organ culture supports development of mouse, rat, and human palatal explants. The present study demonstrates the capacity of this organ culture system to model palatogenesis for several species, and to distinguish between various mechanisms of clefting as presented through selected model compounds. This model should be useful for exploring mechanisms of activity at a cellular and molecular level. JF - Teratology AU - Abbott, B D AU - Buckalew, A R AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1992/04// PY - 1992 DA - April 1992 SP - 369 EP - 382 VL - 45 IS - 4 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Culture Media KW - 0 KW - Glucocorticoids KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Teratogens KW - Tretinoin KW - 5688UTC01R KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Glucocorticoids -- toxicity KW - Humans KW - Tretinoin -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Organ Culture Techniques KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- pathology KW - Palate -- drug effects KW - Palate -- abnormalities KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- embryology KW - Teratogens -- toxicity KW - Palate -- embryology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72952033?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Embryonic+palatal+responses+to+teratogens+in+serum-free+organ+culture.&rft.au=Abbott%2C+B+D%3BBuckalew%2C+A+R&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1992-04-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=369&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-06-12 N1 - Date created - 1992-06-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predictive assay for rodent carcinogenicity using in vivo biochemical parameters: operational characteristics and complementarity. AN - 72903875; 1373835 AB - 111 chemicals of known rodent carcinogenicity (49 carcinogens, 62 noncarcinogens), including many promoters of carcinogenesis, nongenotoxic carcinogens, hepatocarcinogens, and halogenated hydrocarbons, were selected for study. The chemicals were administered by gavage in two dose levels to female Sprague-Dawley rats. The effects of these 111 chemicals on 4 biochemical assays (hepatic DNA damage by alkaline elution (DD), hepatic ornithine decarboxylase activity (ODC), serum alanine aminotransferase activity (ALT), and hepatic cytochrome P-450 content (P450)) were determined. Composite parameters are defined as follows: CP = [ODC and P450), CT = [ALT and ODC), and TS = [DD or CP or CT]. The operational characteristics of TS for predicting rodent cancer were sensitivity 55%, specificity 87%, positive predictivity 77%, negative predictivity 71%, and concordance 73%. For these chemicals, the 73% concordance of this study was superior to the concordance obtained from published data from other laboratories on the Ames test (53%), structural alerts (SA) (46%), chromosome aberrations in Chinese hamster ovary cells (ABS) (48%), cell mutation in mouse lymphoma 15178Y cells (MOLY) (52%), and sister-chromatid exchange in Chinese hamster ovary cells (SCE) (60%). The 4 in vivo biochemical assays were complementary to each other. The composite parameter TS also shows complementarity to all 5 other predictors of rodent cancer examined in this paper. For example, the Ames test alone has a concordance of only 53%. In combination with TS, the concordance is increased to 62% (Ames or TS) or to 63% (Ames and TS). For the 67 chemicals with data available for SA, the concordance for predicting rodent carcinogenicity was 47% (for SA alone), 54% (for SA or TS), and 66% (for SA and TS). These biochemical assays will be useful: (1) to predict rodent carcinogenicity per se, (2) to 'confirm' the results of short-term mutagenicity tests by the high specificity mode of the biochemical assays (the specificity and positive predictivity are both 100%), and (3) to be a component of future complementary batteries of tests for predicting rodent carcinogenicity. JF - Mutation research AU - Kitchin, K T AU - Brown, J L AU - Kulkarni, A P AD - Carcinogenesis and Metabolism Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1992/04// PY - 1992 DA - April 1992 SP - 253 EP - 272 VL - 266 IS - 2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Alanine Transaminase KW - EC 2.6.1.2 KW - Ornithine Decarboxylase KW - EC 4.1.1.17 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- analysis KW - Animals KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - DNA Damage KW - Alanine Transaminase -- analysis KW - Ornithine Decarboxylase -- analysis KW - Female KW - Carcinogenicity Tests -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72903875?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Predictive+assay+for+rodent+carcinogenicity+using+in+vivo+biochemical+parameters%3A+operational+characteristics+and+complementarity.&rft.au=Kitchin%2C+K+T%3BBrown%2C+J+L%3BKulkarni%2C+A+P&rft.aulast=Kitchin&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1992-04-01&rft.volume=266&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=253&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-05-26 N1 - Date created - 1992-05-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The fate of sewage sludge dumped at the 106-mile site; preliminary results from sediment trap studies AN - 50339886; 1993-021794 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Hunt, C D AU - Ginsburg, L AU - West, D AU - Redford, D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1992/04// PY - 1992 DA - April 1992 SP - 165 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 73 IS - 14, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - isotopes KW - copper KW - sludge KW - lead KW - marine transport KW - stable isotopes KW - marine sedimentation KW - tracers KW - sediments KW - chromium KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - organic materials KW - continental margin KW - silver KW - sedimentation KW - pollution KW - 106-mile dump site KW - deep-sea sedimentation KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - marine environment KW - waste disposal KW - North Atlantic KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50339886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+fate+of+sewage+sludge+dumped+at+the+106-mile+site%3B+preliminary+results+from+sediment+trap+studies&rft.au=Hunt%2C+C+D%3BGinsburg%2C+L%3BWest%2C+D%3BRedford%2C+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hunt&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1992-04-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=14%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1992 spring meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 106-mile dump site; Atlantic Coastal Plain; Atlantic Ocean; chromium; continental margin; copper; deep-sea sedimentation; isotopes; lead; marine environment; marine sedimentation; marine transport; metals; North Atlantic; organic compounds; organic materials; pollution; sedimentation; sediments; silver; sludge; stable isotopes; tracers; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A natural experiment to assess the fate and effects of deep-ocean waste dumping AN - 50338826; 1993-021791 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Robertson, A AU - Redford, D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1992/04// PY - 1992 DA - April 1992 SP - 164 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 73 IS - 14, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - settling KW - sludge KW - sedimentation KW - pollution KW - marine sedimentation KW - bioaccumulation KW - 106-mile dump site KW - deep-sea sedimentation KW - continental rise KW - marine environment KW - waste disposal KW - North Atlantic KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50338826?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=A+natural+experiment+to+assess+the+fate+and+effects+of+deep-ocean+waste+dumping&rft.au=Robertson%2C+A%3BRedford%2C+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Robertson&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1992-04-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=14%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=164&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1992 spring meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 106-mile dump site; Atlantic Coastal Plain; Atlantic Ocean; bioaccumulation; continental rise; deep-sea sedimentation; marine environment; marine sedimentation; North Atlantic; pollution; sedimentation; settling; sludge; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sensitivity and uncertainty in vadose zone moisture and nonaqueous phase liquid transport AN - 50314468; 1993-039736 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Weaver, James W AU - Lien, Bob K AU - Ravi, Varadhan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1992/04// PY - 1992 DA - April 1992 SP - 133 EP - 134 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 73 IS - 14, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - soils KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - kinematics KW - movement KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - water regimes KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50314468?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Sensitivity+and+uncertainty+in+vadose+zone+moisture+and+nonaqueous+phase+liquid+transport&rft.au=Weaver%2C+James+W%3BLien%2C+Bob+K%3BRavi%2C+Varadhan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Weaver&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1992-04-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=14%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1992 spring meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ground water; hydraulic conductivity; kinematics; models; movement; nonaqueous phase liquids; pollution; simulation; soils; unsaturated zone; water regimes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of convection schemes of ground water coupled transport equations AN - 50309570; 1993-039747 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Liu, K H AU - Short, T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1992/04// PY - 1992 DA - April 1992 SP - 135 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 73 IS - 14, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - numerical models KW - movement KW - pollution KW - convection KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50309570?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+convection+schemes+of+ground+water+coupled+transport+equations&rft.au=Liu%2C+K+H%3BShort%2C+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1992-04-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=14%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1992 spring meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - convection; ground water; movement; numerical models; pollution; simulation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gasoline infiltration and redistribution in wettability-altered sands AN - 50238788; 1994-034287 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Lien, Bob K AU - Weaver, James W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1992/04// PY - 1992 DA - April 1992 SP - 132 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 73 IS - 14, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - sand KW - sorption KW - clastic sediments KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - rates KW - gas storage KW - petroleum products KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - infiltration KW - movement KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - wettability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50238788?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Gasoline+infiltration+and+redistribution+in+wettability-altered+sands&rft.au=Lien%2C+Bob+K%3BWeaver%2C+James+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lien&rft.aufirst=Bob&rft.date=1992-04-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=14%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=132&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1992 spring meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - clastic sediments; gas storage; hydrocarbons; infiltration; models; movement; organic compounds; organic materials; petroleum products; pollution; rates; sand; sediments; soils; sorption; unsaturated zone; wettability ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection and Disinfection of Pathogens in Storm-Generated Flows AN - 19134660; 9210217 AB - The disease-producing potential of recreational waters is currently estimated through the use of certain bacterial indicators that are believed to be positively correlated with the presence of fecal contamination. In general, these indicators and their recommended limiting values have been adopted for use from existing standard methods for the analysis of sanitary wastewater. However, no indicator currently in use today exists solely in the feces of man and not also elsewhere, e.g., in soils, vegetation, and the feces of animals. Stormwater runoff is often rich in bacteria originating from these nonhuman sources and can contain high densities of indicator bacteria; however, existing epidemiological studies of recreational waters receiving stormwater runoff have reported little correlation between current indicator densities and the incidences of swimming illnesses. In addition, microbial analyses of stormwater runoff have revealed a predominance of nonenteric disease-causing bacteria and viruses that have been linked to respiratory illnesses and skin infections. Fecal-based indicators in use today provide no information on the risks resulting from body contact with these nonenteric pathogens. Consequently, for receiving waters containing discharges that originate primarily from separate storm drainage systems, current bacterial indicators are ill suited to accurately assess the water's total illness-producing capabilities. This literature review paper briefly discusses the development of current bacterial standards and evaluates their adoption in the field of stormwater testing. The unique disinfection requirements of storm-generated runoff are discussed, and advanced disinfection practices are reviewed. The need for additional epidemiological studies that address the disease-causing potential of nonhuman and nonenteric pathogens commonly found in stormwater runoff from urban, agricultural, and rural watershed areas is emphasized in order to determine the actual health risks associated with stormwater runoff contact. (Author's abstract) JF - Canadian Journal of Microbiology CJMIAZ, Vol 38, No. 4, p 267-276, April 1992. 3 tab, 87 ref. AU - O'Shea, M L AU - Field, R AD - Storm and Combined Sewer Overflow Pollution Control Program, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Edison, NJ Y1 - 1992/04// PY - 1992 DA - Apr 1992 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - *Pollutant identification KW - *Water treatment KW - *Storm runoff KW - *Water quality KW - *Disinfection KW - Public health KW - Human diseases KW - Fecal bacteria KW - Combined sewer overflows KW - Microbiological studies KW - Water quality control KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19134660?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Detection+and+Disinfection+of+Pathogens+in+Storm-Generated+Flows&rft.au=O%27Shea%2C+M+L%3BField%2C+R&rft.aulast=O%27Shea&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1992-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Local and global thermoregulatory responses to MRI fields. AN - 72936983; 1580499 JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - Gordon, C J AD - Neurotoxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1992/03/31/ PY - 1992 DA - 1992 Mar 31 SP - 273 EP - 284 VL - 649 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Sheep KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Time Factors KW - Body Temperature Regulation KW - Magnetic Resonance Imaging -- adverse effects KW - Models, Biological UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72936983?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Local+and+global+thermoregulatory+responses+to+MRI+fields.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1992-03-31&rft.volume=649&rft.issue=&rft.spage=273&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-06-11 N1 - Date created - 1992-06-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Epoxide ring opening and related reactivities of cyclopenta polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: quantum mechanical studies. AN - 73103434; 1643260 AB - A series of 13 cyclopenta polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons have been studied using quantum mechanical methods. The three-dimensional molecular structure of each carbocation that might result from the opening of a protonated epoxide ring formed between the carbon atoms completing the cyclopenta ring was computed with AM1. AM1 and ab initio calculations, using a split valence basis set, were then used to predict the direction of ring opening and obtain information about the reactivity of the carbocation. These calculations have shown that for all carbocations studied the cationic charge is well distributed throughout the molecule. The largest CH group charges are approximately 0.3 electron. If the protonated epoxide ring can open so that the nominal charge is on a CH group that is attached to the central ring of an anthracenic core, that carbocation will be greatly favored. For carbocations of this type, the unoccupied alpha' position (the CH group opposite the position of attachment to the anthracenic core) has as much or more of the cation charge as the nominally charged CH position. The group charges, and other properties related to electrostatic reactivity, clearly favor addition of nucleophiles at the unoccupied alpha' position over addition at the nominally charged position. However, when the addition of small nucleophiles at both of these positions is modeled for two such examples, the results favor addition at the nominally charged position in one case and are equivocal in the other case. The group charges and other reactivities considered characterize the electrostatic part of the interaction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Chemical research in toxicology AU - Rabinowitz, J R AU - Little, S B AD - Carcinogenesis and Metabolism Branch, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. PY - 1992 SP - 286 EP - 292 VL - 5 IS - 2 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - Epoxy Compounds KW - 0 KW - Polycyclic Compounds KW - Index Medicus KW - Molecular Structure KW - Chemistry, Physical KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Epoxy Compounds -- chemistry KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73103434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=Epoxide+ring+opening+and+related+reactivities+of+cyclopenta+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons%3A+quantum+mechanical+studies.&rft.au=Rabinowitz%2C+J+R%3BLittle%2C+S+B&rft.aulast=Rabinowitz&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1992-03-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=286&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-09-10 N1 - Date created - 1992-09-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Increased mortality in Philadelphia associated with daily air pollution concentrations. AN - 72849810; 1546841 AB - Cause-specific deaths by day for the years 1973 to 1980 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, were extracted from National Center for Health Statistics mortality tapes. Death from accidents (International Classification of Disease, Revision 9 greater than or equal to 800) and deaths outside of the city were excluded. Daily counts of deaths were regressed using Poisson regression on total suspended particulate (TSP) and/or SO2 on the same day and on the preceding day, controlling for year, season, temperature, and humidity. A significant positive association was found between total mortality (mean of 48 deaths/day) and both TSP (second highest daily mean, 222 micrograms/m3) and SO2 (second highest daily mean, 299 micrograms/m3). The strongest associations were found with the mean pollution of the current and the preceding days. Total mortality was estimated to increase by 7% (95% CI, 4 to 10%) with each 100-micrograms/m3 increase in TSP, and 5% (95% CI, 3 to 7%) with each 100-micrograms/m3 increase in SO2. When both pollutants were considered simultaneously, the SO2 association was no longer significant. Mortality increased monotonically with TSP. The effect of 100 micrograms/m3 TSP was stronger in subjects older than 65 yr of age (10% increase) compared with those younger than 65 yr of age (3% increase). Cause-specific mortality was also associated with a 100-micrograms/m3 increase in TSP: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (ICD9 490-496), +19% (95% CI, 0 to 42%), pneumonia (ICD9 480-486 & 507), +11% (95% CI, -3 to +27%), and cardiovascular disease (ICD9 390-448), +10% (95% CI, 6 to 14%). These results are somewhat higher than previously reported associations, and they add to the body of evidence showing that particulate pollution is associated with increased daily mortality at current levels in the United States. JF - The American review of respiratory disease AU - Schwartz, J AU - Dockery, D W AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1992/03// PY - 1992 DA - March 1992 SP - 600 EP - 604 VL - 145 IS - 3 SN - 0003-0805, 0003-0805 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Sulfur Dioxide KW - 0UZA3422Q4 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Age Factors KW - Sulfur Dioxide -- analysis KW - Urban Population -- statistics & numerical data KW - Meteorological Concepts KW - Humans KW - Philadelphia KW - Poisson Distribution KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Cause of Death KW - Air Pollution -- statistics & numerical data KW - Air Pollution -- adverse effects KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- mortality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72849810?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+review+of+respiratory+disease&rft.atitle=Increased+mortality+in+Philadelphia+associated+with+daily+air+pollution+concentrations.&rft.au=Schwartz%2C+J%3BDockery%2C+D+W&rft.aulast=Schwartz&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1992-03-01&rft.volume=145&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=600&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+review+of+respiratory+disease&rft.issn=00030805&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-04-10 N1 - Date created - 1992-04-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of borehole geophysical methods to construct a lithostratigraphic model of the Stockton Formation in an urbanized area, Hatboro, Pennsylvania AN - 50305967; 1993-047758 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Macchiaroli, Paola AU - Sloto, Ronald A AU - Towle, Michael T AU - Ashley, Gail M Y1 - 1992/03// PY - 1992 DA - March 1992 SP - 60 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 24 IS - 3 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - stratigraphy KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Hatboro Pennsylvania KW - geophysical surveys KW - three-dimensional models KW - well-logging KW - Stockton Formation KW - Mesozoic KW - urban environment KW - models KW - boreholes KW - Triassic KW - surveys KW - Pennsylvania KW - 12:Stratigraphy KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50305967?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Use+of+borehole+geophysical+methods+to+construct+a+lithostratigraphic+model+of+the+Stockton+Formation+in+an+urbanized+area%2C+Hatboro%2C+Pennsylvania&rft.au=Macchiaroli%2C+Paola%3BSloto%2C+Ronald+A%3BTowle%2C+Michael+T%3BAshley%2C+Gail+M&rft.aulast=Macchiaroli&rft.aufirst=Paola&rft.date=1992-03-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=60&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 27th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; geophysical surveys; Hatboro Pennsylvania; lithostratigraphy; Mesozoic; models; Pennsylvania; Stockton Formation; stratigraphy; surveys; three-dimensional models; Triassic; United States; urban environment; well-logging ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Designing constructed wetlands systems to treat agricultural nonpoint source pollution AN - 50106278; 1995-068214 JF - Ecological Engineering AU - Hammer, Donald A A2 - Olson, Richard K. A2 - Marshall, Kay Y1 - 1992/03// PY - 1992 DA - March 1992 SP - 49 EP - 82 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam - London - New York - Tokyo VL - 1 IS - 1-2 SN - 0925-8574, 0925-8574 KW - water quality KW - fertilizers KW - reclamation KW - Taquiri River KW - nonpoint sources KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - transport KW - agrochemicals KW - water yield KW - water treatment KW - sediments KW - estuarine environment KW - discharge KW - construction KW - heavy metals KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - phosphorus KW - preventive measures KW - Mato Grosso Brazil KW - South America KW - detection KW - wetlands KW - Brazil KW - runoff KW - eutrophication KW - risk assessment KW - Pantanal KW - pesticides KW - fluvial environment KW - design KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50106278?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Engineering&rft.atitle=Designing+constructed+wetlands+systems+to+treat+agricultural+nonpoint+source+pollution&rft.au=Hammer%2C+Donald+A&rft.aulast=Hammer&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=1992-03-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Engineering&rft.issn=09258574&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency Workshop on the Role of created and natural wetlands in controlling nonpoint source pollution N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agrochemicals; Brazil; construction; design; detection; discharge; drinking water; estuarine environment; eutrophication; fertilizers; fluvial environment; ground water; heavy metals; hydrology; Mato Grosso Brazil; nonpoint sources; Pantanal; pesticides; phosphorus; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; reclamation; risk assessment; runoff; sediments; soils; South America; surface water; Taquiri River; transport; water quality; water treatment; water yield; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developing design guidelines for constructed wetlands to remove pesticides from agricultural runoff AN - 50103210; 1995-068215 JF - Ecological Engineering AU - Rodgers, John H, Jr AU - Dunn, Arthur A2 - Olson, Richard K. A2 - Marshall, Kay Y1 - 1992/03// PY - 1992 DA - March 1992 SP - 83 EP - 95 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam - London - New York - Tokyo VL - 1 IS - 1-2 SN - 0925-8574, 0925-8574 KW - United States KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - experimental studies KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - reclamation KW - surface water KW - Mississippi KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - nonpoint sources KW - models KW - ponds KW - wetlands KW - transport KW - agrochemicals KW - runoff KW - pesticides KW - construction KW - design KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50103210?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Engineering&rft.atitle=Developing+design+guidelines+for+constructed+wetlands+to+remove+pesticides+from+agricultural+runoff&rft.au=Rodgers%2C+John+H%2C+Jr%3BDunn%2C+Arthur&rft.aulast=Rodgers&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1992-03-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Engineering&rft.issn=09258574&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency Workshop on the Role of created and natural wetlands in controlling nonpoint source pollution N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agrochemicals; construction; degradation; design; experimental studies; hydrology; mathematical models; Mississippi; models; nonpoint sources; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; ponds; reclamation; runoff; soils; surface water; transport; United States; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Landscape design and the role of created, restored, and natural riparian wetlands in controlling nonpoint source pollution AN - 50103179; 1995-068213 JF - Ecological Engineering AU - Mitsch, William J A2 - Olson, Richard K. A2 - Marshall, Kay Y1 - 1992/03// PY - 1992 DA - March 1992 SP - 27 EP - 47 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam - London - New York - Tokyo VL - 1 IS - 1-2 SN - 0925-8574, 0925-8574 KW - United States KW - degradation KW - Great Lakes region KW - reclamation KW - watersheds KW - southern Illinois KW - nonpoint sources KW - agrochemicals KW - retention KW - floods KW - discharge KW - chemical composition KW - Ohio KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - North America KW - monitoring KW - Illinois KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - preventive measures KW - northern Ohio KW - case studies KW - wetlands KW - fluvial environment KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50103179?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Engineering&rft.atitle=Landscape+design+and+the+role+of+created%2C+restored%2C+and+natural+riparian+wetlands+in+controlling+nonpoint+source+pollution&rft.au=Mitsch%2C+William+J&rft.aulast=Mitsch&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1992-03-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Engineering&rft.issn=09258574&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency Workshop on the Role of created and natural wetlands in controlling nonpoint source pollution N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agrochemicals; case studies; chemical composition; degradation; discharge; floods; fluvial environment; Great Lakes region; hydrology; Illinois; land use; monitoring; nonpoint sources; North America; northern Ohio; Ohio; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; reclamation; retention; soils; southern Illinois; United States; watersheds; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recommendations for research to develop guidelines for the use of wetlands to control rural nonpoint source pollution AN - 50099680; 1995-068216 JF - Ecological Engineering AU - van der Valk, Arnold G AU - Jolly, Robert W A2 - Olson, Richard K. A2 - Marshall, Kay Y1 - 1992/03// PY - 1992 DA - March 1992 SP - 115 EP - 134 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam - London - New York - Tokyo VL - 1 IS - 1-2 SN - 0925-8574, 0925-8574 KW - United States KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - reclamation KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - nonpoint sources KW - models KW - ponds KW - wetlands KW - transport KW - agrochemicals KW - runoff KW - policy KW - pesticides KW - construction KW - design KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50099680?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Engineering&rft.atitle=Recommendations+for+research+to+develop+guidelines+for+the+use+of+wetlands+to+control+rural+nonpoint+source+pollution&rft.au=van+der+Valk%2C+Arnold+G%3BJolly%2C+Robert+W&rft.aulast=van+der+Valk&rft.aufirst=Arnold&rft.date=1992-03-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Engineering&rft.issn=09258574&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency Workshop on the Role of created and natural wetlands in controlling nonpoint source pollution N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agrochemicals; construction; degradation; design; hydrology; models; nonpoint sources; pesticides; policy; pollutants; pollution; ponds; reclamation; runoff; soils; surface water; transport; United States; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency Workshop on the Role of created and natural wetlands in controlling nonpoint source pollution AN - 50099094; 1995-068211 JF - Ecological Engineering A2 - Olson, Richard K. A2 - Marshall, Kay Y1 - 1992/03// PY - 1992 DA - March 1992 SP - 170 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam - London - New York - Tokyo VL - 1 IS - 1-2 SN - 0925-8574, 0925-8574 KW - soils KW - pollutants KW - reclamation KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - nonpoint sources KW - preventive measures KW - ground water KW - ponds KW - wetlands KW - transport KW - symposia KW - agrochemicals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50099094?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Engineering&rft.atitle=U.+S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency+Workshop+on+the+Role+of+created+and+natural+wetlands+in+controlling+nonpoint+source+pollution&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1992-03-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Engineering&rft.issn=09258574&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency Workshop on the Role of created and natural wetlands in controlling nonpoint source pollution N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers within scope are cited separately; Special issue N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agrochemicals; ground water; nonpoint sources; pollutants; pollution; ponds; preventive measures; reclamation; soils; surface water; symposia; transport; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Federal programs for wetland restoration and use of wetlands for nonpoint source pollution control AN - 50093426; 1995-068220 JF - Ecological Engineering AU - Whitaker, Gene AU - Terrell, Charles R A2 - Olson, Richard K. A2 - Marshall, Kay Y1 - 1992/03// PY - 1992 DA - March 1992 SP - 157 EP - 170 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam - London - New York - Tokyo VL - 1 IS - 1-2 SN - 0925-8574, 0925-8574 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - programs KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - reclamation KW - surface water KW - government agencies KW - pollution KW - nonpoint sources KW - U. S. Department of Agriculture KW - wetlands KW - agrochemicals KW - runoff KW - policy KW - pesticides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50093426?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Engineering&rft.atitle=Federal+programs+for+wetland+restoration+and+use+of+wetlands+for+nonpoint+source+pollution+control&rft.au=Whitaker%2C+Gene%3BTerrell%2C+Charles+R&rft.aulast=Whitaker&rft.aufirst=Gene&rft.date=1992-03-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Engineering&rft.issn=09258574&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency Workshop on the Role of created and natural wetlands in controlling nonpoint source pollution N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agrochemicals; degradation; government agencies; nonpoint sources; pesticides; policy; pollutants; pollution; programs; reclamation; regulations; runoff; surface water; U. S. Department of Agriculture; United States; water quality; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An Examination of Dechlorination Processes and Pathways in New Bedford Harbor Sediments AN - 19132341; 9209682 AB - Estuarine sediments from upper New Bedford Harbor, Massachusetts , which were heavily contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), showed considerable compositional alterations of PCB residues relative to mixtures of Aroclor 1242 and 1254 standards , and PCB distributions present in sediments from lower New Bedford Harbor and Black Rock Harbor, Connecticut. The compositional alterations, which presumably resulted from reductive dechlorinations by bacteria, became more extensive with increasing PCB concentration and decreasing distance from the suspected PCB source, an electrical capacitor manufacturing plant. Three pathways which removed chlorine substituents from specific locations on PCB molecules were responsible for most of the observed dechlorinations. Considerable differences were found in the extent of dechlorination within sediment cores and between sampling sites in upper New Harbor. The most extensively altered PCB distribution was found in the 15-17.5 cm deep section of a core from nearest to the plant's outfall. In most cores, less altered PCB residues were found in the 0-2.5 and 5-7.5 cm core sections than in the 15-17.5 cm section. Large variations in estimates of dechlorination rates were found, depending on the sample and congener. The dechlorination processes found may decrease the potential toxicity and bioaccumulation potential of the PCB residues in these sediments. (Author's abstract) JF - Marine Environmental Research MERSDW, Vol. 33, No. 1, p 31-47, 1992. 4 fig, 3 tab, 18 ref. AU - Lake, J L AU - Pruell, R J AU - Osterman, F A AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Lab--Narragansett, Narragansett, Rhode Island Y1 - 1992/03// PY - 1992 DA - Mar 1992 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - *Biodegradation KW - *Dechlorination KW - *Fate of pollutants KW - *Massachusetts KW - *New Bedford Harbor KW - *Path of pollutants KW - *Polychlorinated biphenyls KW - *Sediment contamination KW - *Water pollution sources KW - Aroclors KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Black Rock Harbor KW - Connecticut KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Molecular structure KW - Organic compounds KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19132341?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=An+Examination+of+Dechlorination+Processes+and+Pathways+in+New+Bedford+Harbor+Sediments&rft.au=Lake%2C+J+L%3BPruell%2C+R+J%3BOsterman%2C+F+A&rft.aulast=Lake&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1992-03-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of the DNA alkaline unwinding assay to detect DNA strand breaks in marine bivalves. AN - 16534886; 2964302 AB - DNA alkaline unwinding methods were used to detect DNA strand breaks in tissues of marine bivalves following field and laboratory exposures and subsequent recoveries in the laboratory. Field deployments of mussels (Mytilus edulis ) or oyster (Crassostrea virginica ) into two highly contaminated urban estuaries (New Bedford Harbor, Massachusetts, and Elizabeth River, Virginia, respectively) resulted in significantly increased DNA strand breaks in gill tissues. DNA strand breaks did not persist in tissues from oysters that were deployed in the Elizabeth River and then allowed to recover in the laboratory for 7-10 days. Laboratory studies were conducted to characterize the sensitivity and specificity of the DNA unwinding method to detect DNA strand breaks in bivalve tissues. Increased DNA strand breaks resulted from acute exposures to sublethal concentrations of the genotoxic agent N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, but were not persistent for more than 48 h. Acute or chronic (continuous 7-day) exposures of mussels to sublethal concentrations of copper (not generally considered to be genotoxic) did not result in increased DNA strand breaks. These studies demonstrate that DNA alkaline unwinding methods can be used to reveal potentially genotoxic environmental exposures of bivalves. These methods can be used to evaluate the persistence of DNA damage and species-specific DNA repair capacities. JF - Marine environmental research. London AU - Nacci, D AU - Nelson, S AU - Nelson, W AU - Jackim, E AD - Sci. Appl. Int. Corp., c/o US EPA, Environ. Res. Lab.-Narragansett, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1992/03// PY - 1992 DA - Mar 1992 SP - 83 EP - 100 VL - 33 IS - 2 SN - 0141-1136, 0141-1136 KW - ANW, USA, Massachusetts, New Bedford Harbor KW - ANW, USA, Virginia, Elizabeth R. KW - breakage KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Marine KW - detection KW - DNA KW - bioassays KW - Crassostrea virginica KW - Mytilus edulis KW - pollution effects KW - marine molluscs KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - Q1 08625:Non-edible products KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16534886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+environmental+research.+London&rft.atitle=Application+of+the+DNA+alkaline+unwinding+assay+to+detect+DNA+strand+breaks+in+marine+bivalves.&rft.au=Nacci%2C+D%3BNelson%2C+S%3BNelson%2C+W%3BJackim%2C+E&rft.aulast=Nacci&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1992-03-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+environmental+research.+London&rft.issn=01411136&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - detection; DNA; bioassays; pollution effects; marine molluscs; Mytilus edulis; Crassostrea virginica; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Occurrence of agglutinins in the pallial cavity mucus of oysters. AN - 16321499; 2842147 AB - Mucus and fluid from the pallial (mantle) cavity of eastern oysters Crassostrea virginica from Chesapeake Bay and Galveston Bay were found to agglutinate a variety of vertebrate erythrocytes (RBC) and bacteria. Agglutinating activity of pallial cavity fluid was probably due to dissociation of agglutinins from mucus on the external surfaces of organs. Agglutination titers of pallial cavity fluid from individual Galveston Bay oysters for six different RBC were positively correlated with high significance, indicating a strong interdependence regardless of RBC specificity. The relative agglutinating activity for different RBC by tissue explants and homogenized tissues (mantle, gill, digestive gland and adductor muscle) was similar to the relative activity of the pallial cavity fluid; mantle and gill tissue had the greatest agglutinating capacity over all RBC, whereas the adductor muscle had the least. Positive correlation was detected between agglutination titers of pallial cavity fluid (for different RBC) and titers of hemolymph agglutinins from the same oysters. It is hypothesized that agglutinins in the pallial cavity and hemolymph have a common source. The results of the explant and homogenate assays can be interpreted to suggest that the source is mantle and gill tissues. JF - Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology AU - Fisher, W S AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze Environ. Res. Lab., Cent. Mar. and Estuar. Dis. Res., Sabine Island, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1992/03// PY - 1992 DA - Mar 1992 SP - 1 EP - 13 VL - 162 IS - 1 SN - 0022-0981, 0022-0981 KW - haemolymph KW - lectin KW - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Marine KW - agglutinins KW - immunology KW - mucus KW - Crassostrea virginica KW - ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay KW - ASW, USA, Texas, Galveston Bay KW - D 04658:Molluscs KW - Q1 08266:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - O 1030:Invertebrates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16321499?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Experimental+Marine+Biology+and+Ecology&rft.atitle=Occurrence+of+agglutinins+in+the+pallial+cavity+mucus+of+oysters.&rft.au=Fisher%2C+W+S&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1992-03-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Experimental+Marine+Biology+and+Ecology&rft.issn=00220981&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agglutinins; immunology; mucus; haemolymph; Crassostrea virginica; ASW, USA, Texas, Galveston Bay; ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Macromolecular adduction by trichloroacetonitrile in the Fischer 344 rat following oral gavage. AN - 72824704; 1540927 AB - Male Fisher 344 rats were administered 1- or 2-[14C]trichloroacetonitrile (TCAN) by oral gavage. DNA was isolated from the liver, kidneys and stomach and several protein fractions (globin, albumin and globulins) were isolated from blood. TCAN binds to both the DNA and the blood proteins in a dose-related manner. More radiolabel was associated with the DNA when the carbon at C2 position was labeled, than at C1 position. However, the position of the radiolabel did not influence the levels of radioactivity associated with the blood proteins. The stomach exhibited the highest level of DNA binding, followed in order by the liver and kidney. TCAN binding level was higher in DNA isolated from rats killed at 24 h than at 4 h after administration. In contrast, the three blood proteins showed similar binding levels, regardless of the exposure time. Radioactivity associated with DNA was not incorporated into the nitrogen bases (i.e. via de novo synthesis) and a covalent binding index (mumol chemical bound/mol nucleotide phosphate per mmol/kg body wt. of chemical administered) of 30-120 was observed for various tissues. Most of the radioactivity (60-80%) associated with globin could be released and separated from the protein by the treatment with concentrated ammonium hydroxide and precipitation of protein by organic solvent. Three peaks were observed in the HPLC elution profiles of the radioactivity released from the globin. Trichloroacetic acid co-eluted with one of these released products (peak II), however, the chemical identity of the material under the major peak (peak III) and peak I are still uncharacterized. JF - Cancer letters AU - Lin, E L AU - Reddy, T V AU - Daniel, F B AD - Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268. Y1 - 1992/02/14/ PY - 1992 DA - 1992 Feb 14 SP - 1 EP - 9 VL - 62 IS - 1 SN - 0304-3835, 0304-3835 KW - Acetonitriles KW - 0 KW - Alkylating Agents KW - Blood Proteins KW - Mutagens KW - trichloroacetonitrile KW - 6397DL8869 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Kidney -- metabolism KW - Stomach -- metabolism KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Mutagens -- chemistry KW - Male KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Acetonitriles -- chemistry KW - DNA Damage KW - Acetonitriles -- administration & dosage KW - DNA -- chemistry KW - Blood Proteins -- chemistry KW - Alkylating Agents -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72824704?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+letters&rft.atitle=Macromolecular+adduction+by+trichloroacetonitrile+in+the+Fischer+344+rat+following+oral+gavage.&rft.au=Lin%2C+E+L%3BReddy%2C+T+V%3BDaniel%2C+F+B&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1992-02-14&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+letters&rft.issn=03043835&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-04-06 N1 - Date created - 1992-04-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental effects of methyl benzimidazolecarbamate following exposure during early pregnancy. AN - 73001274; 1601229 AB - Methyl 2-benzimidazolecarbamate (MBC) and its parent compound benomyl are used as agricultural fungicides. Both chemicals are embryotoxic if administered during organogenesis, and benomyl is teratogenic. Based on a previous study indicating a lack of maternal effects of MBC following exposure during early pregnancy, the current experiments were designed to evaluate the effect of exposure to MBC during early pregnancy on developmental parameters of offspring. Rats were administered MBC at 0, 100, 200, 400, or 600 mg/kg/day during Days 1-8 of pregnancy and killed on Day 11 or Day 20 of gestation. On Day 11, embryos were assessed for survival rate, growth parameters, and anomalies. On Day 20, standard developmental toxicity evaluations were performed. Doses of 200 to 600 mg/kg/day MBC reduced embryonic survival by Day 11; exposure to MBC at 100 to 600 mg/kg/day reduced the number of fetuses surviving on Day 20. Evidence of developmental delay was apparent on Day 11 at all doses, and fetal weight was reduced by Day 20. MBC produced a dose-dependent increase in developmental defects seen on Day 11 and in several malformations observed on Day 20. MBC exposure during the first week of pregnancy was shown to be embryotoxic, resulting in embryonic death, growth retardation, and developmental abnormalities when evaluated on Days 11 or 20 of gestation. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Cummings, A M AU - Ebron-McCoy, M T AU - Rogers, J M AU - Barbee, B D AU - Harris, S T AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1992/02// PY - 1992 DA - February 1992 SP - 288 EP - 293 VL - 18 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Benzimidazoles KW - 0 KW - Carbamates KW - Fungicides, Industrial KW - carbendazim KW - H75J14AA89 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Bone and Bones -- abnormalities KW - Fetal Resorption -- chemically induced KW - Fetal Death -- chemically induced KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects KW - Pregnancy KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects KW - Pregnancy, Animal -- drug effects KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- etiology KW - Fungicides, Industrial -- toxicity KW - Benzimidazoles -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73001274?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Developmental+effects+of+methyl+benzimidazolecarbamate+following+exposure+during+early+pregnancy.&rft.au=Cummings%2C+A+M%3BEbron-McCoy%2C+M+T%3BRogers%2C+J+M%3BBarbee%2C+B+D%3BHarris%2C+S+T&rft.aulast=Cummings&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1992-02-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=288&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-07-15 N1 - Date created - 1992-07-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid influence on 2,6-dinitrotoluene-induced urine genotoxicity in Fischer 344 rats: effect on gastrointestinal microflora and enzyme activity. AN - 72989726; 1601224 AB - 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) and 2,6-dinitrotoluene (2,6-DNT) are hazardous chemicals that have potential harmful effects. 2,6-DNT is recognized as a hepatotoxicant while 2,4,5-T, a component of Agent Orange, is also suspect. 2,6-DNT requires both oxidative and reductive metabolism to elicit genotoxic effects. To determine what effect 2,4,5-T had on 2,6-DNT metabolism, intestinal enzymes, microbial populations, and urine mutagenicity were examined during 2,4,5-T treatment. Weanling Fischer 344 male rats were treated daily with 54.4 mg/kg 2,4,5-T by gavage for 4 weeks. One, two, and four weeks after the initial 2,4,5-T dose, rats were administered (po) 2,6-DNT (75 mg/kg) and urine was collected for 24 hr in metabolism cages. Azo reductase, nitroreductase, beta-glucuronidase, dechlorinase, and dehydrochlorinase activities were examined concurrently. Treatment of rats for 1 week reduced the transformation of 2,6-DNT to mutagenic urinary metabolites. This was accompanied by a decrease in the fecal anaerobic microorganisms. The elimination of Lactobacillus fermentum from the small intestine and cecum of treated animals accompanied a significant increase in oxygen-tolerant lactobacilli and other unidentified aerobic microorganisms. However, there were no significant alterations in the intestinal enzyme activities examined. By 2 weeks of 2,4,5-T treatment, microbiota and urine genotoxicity returned to the levels observed in control animals. This trend continued for the duration of the experiment. After 2 weeks, while cecal nitroreductase and azo reductase activities increased, small intestinal beta-glucuronidase activity decreased. By 4 weeks, treated and untreated animal intestinal enzyme activities were indistinguishable.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - George, S E AU - Chadwick, R W AU - Chang, J J AU - Kohan, M J AU - Allison, J C AU - Dekker, J P AU - Hayes, Y AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1992/02// PY - 1992 DA - February 1992 SP - 240 EP - 246 VL - 18 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Dinitrobenzenes KW - 0 KW - 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid KW - 9Q963S4YMX KW - 2,6-dinitrotoluene KW - GG7FAV92MK KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Feces -- microbiology KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Drug Interactions KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Biotransformation -- drug effects KW - Intestines -- enzymology KW - Intestines -- drug effects KW - 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Dinitrobenzenes -- pharmacokinetics KW - 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid -- urine KW - Genes -- drug effects KW - Dinitrobenzenes -- metabolism KW - Intestines -- metabolism KW - Dinitrobenzenes -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72989726?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=2%2C4%2C5-trichlorophenoxyacetic+acid+influence+on+2%2C6-dinitrotoluene-induced+urine+genotoxicity+in+Fischer+344+rats%3A+effect+on+gastrointestinal+microflora+and+enzyme+activity.&rft.au=George%2C+S+E%3BChadwick%2C+R+W%3BChang%2C+J+J%3BKohan%2C+M+J%3BAllison%2C+J+C%3BDekker%2C+J+P%3BHayes%2C+Y&rft.aulast=George&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1992-02-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=240&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-07-15 N1 - Date created - 1992-07-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nikolai Vasilyevich Lazarev, toxicologist and pharmacologist, comes in from the cold. AN - 72886825; 1561714 AB - Important and pioneering work on the physicochemical properties underlying the biological activity of nonelectrolytes was performed 'behind the iron curtain' by Soviet scientist Nikolai Vasilyevich Lazarev. In this Special Feature, Robert Lipnick and Vladimir Filov examine the contribution of Lazarev's numerous observations to the knowledge base in pharmacology and toxicology, which has only recently gained recognition in the West. JF - Trends in pharmacological sciences AU - Lipnick, R L AU - Filov, V A AD - Environmental Effects Branch, US Environmental Protection Agency Office of Toxic Substances, Washington, DC 20460. Y1 - 1992/02// PY - 1992 DA - February 1992 SP - 56 EP - 60 VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 0165-6147, 0165-6147 KW - Index Medicus KW - History of medicine KW - Lazarev KW - History, 20th Century KW - USSR KW - Chemistry, Physical -- history KW - Chemistry, Pharmaceutical -- history UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72886825?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Trends+in+pharmacological+sciences&rft.atitle=Nikolai+Vasilyevich+Lazarev%2C+toxicologist+and+pharmacologist%2C+comes+in+from+the+cold.&rft.au=Lipnick%2C+R+L%3BFilov%2C+V+A&rft.aulast=Lipnick&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1992-02-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=56&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Trends+in+pharmacological+sciences&rft.issn=01656147&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-05-11 N1 - Date created - 1992-05-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - People - Lazarev N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lazarev ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicological considerations for protein components of biological pesticide products. AN - 72865147; 1553409 AB - The toxicity of protein components of microbial pesticide products is evaluated at EPA by requiring that pesticide manufacturers conduct a thorough taxonomic evaluation of the active microbial ingredient. The requirement for acute toxicity testing by dosing laboratory animals with the active microbial ingredient and with fermentation growth medium materials provides additional information on the toxicity of protein components of microbial pesticides. The potential for toxicity from proteins associated with contaminating organisms is addressed by use of appropriate quality control procedures to minimize or prevent growth of contaminants and by screening of fermentation batches for known human/mammalian pathogens. These considerations also would apply to any biochemical pesticide that is formed via the growth of a microorganism. If a protein itself is intended for commercial use as an active pesticide ingredient, acute exposure studies and in vitro digestibility studies could be done to answer potential concerns regarding toxicity. JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Sjoblad, R D AU - McClintock, J T AU - Engler, R AD - Health Effects Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460. Y1 - 1992/02// PY - 1992 DA - February 1992 SP - 3 EP - 9 VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Proteins KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Proteins -- toxicity KW - Pesticides -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72865147?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=Toxicological+considerations+for+protein+components+of+biological+pesticide+products.&rft.au=Sjoblad%2C+R+D%3BMcClintock%2C+J+T%3BEngler%2C+R&rft.aulast=Sjoblad&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1992-02-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-04-29 N1 - Date created - 1992-04-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Permeation of multifunctional acrylates through selected protective glove materials. AN - 72834590; 1543127 AB - In support of the Premanufacture Notification (PMN) program of the Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Toxic Substances, the resistance of three glove materials to permeation by multifunctional acrylate compounds was evaluated through a program for the Office of Research and Development. Several recent PMN submissions relate to multifunctional acrylates and essentially no permeation data are available for this class of compounds. To better understand permeation behavior, tests were conducted with trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA), 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA), and two mixtures of HDDA with 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (EHA). Because of the low vapor pressure and low water solubility of these compounds, the tests were conducted by using ASTM Method F739-85 with a silicone rubber sheeting material as the collection medium. Tests were performed at 20 degrees C with butyl, natural, and nitrile rubber glove materials. None of the acrylate compounds nor mixtures was found to permeate the butyl or nitrile rubber under the test conditions. Permeation through the natural rubber was observed in tests with pure HDDA, a 50% HDDA/50% EHA mixture, and a 25% HDDA/75% EHA mixture. TMPTA permeation through the natural rubber was also detected, but only in one of the triplicate tests after the 360-480 min sampling interval. For pure HDDA, the breakthrough detection time was 30-60 min and the steady-state permeation rate was 0.92 micrograms/cm2-min. For the HDDA/EHA mixtures, permeation of both mixture components was detected during the same sampling interval in each test. The breakthrough detection time was 30-60 min for the 50/50 mixture and from 15-30 to 30-60 min for the 25/75 mixture.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - American Industrial Hygiene Association journal AU - Renard, E P AU - Goydan, R AU - Stolki, T AD - Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Edison, NJ 08837. Y1 - 1992/02// PY - 1992 DA - February 1992 SP - 117 EP - 123 VL - 53 IS - 2 SN - 0002-8894, 0002-8894 KW - Acrylates KW - 0 KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational KW - Silicone Elastomers KW - trimethylolpropane triacrylate KW - 4B67KGL96S KW - Rubber KW - 9006-04-6 KW - 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate KW - FY751V5MMY KW - 2-ethylhexyl acrylate KW - HR49R9S6XG KW - Index Medicus KW - Permeability KW - Protective Clothing KW - Acrylates -- chemistry KW - Materials Testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72834590?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Industrial+Hygiene+Association+journal&rft.atitle=Permeation+of+multifunctional+acrylates+through+selected+protective+glove+materials.&rft.au=Renard%2C+E+P%3BGoydan%2C+R%3BStolki%2C+T&rft.aulast=Renard&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1992-02-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Industrial+Hygiene+Association+journal&rft.issn=00028894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-04-07 N1 - Date created - 1992-04-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Unusual persistence of DDT in some Western USA soils. AN - 72816306; 1536998 JF - Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Hitch, R K AU - Day, H R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460. Y1 - 1992/02// PY - 1992 DA - February 1992 SP - 259 EP - 264 VL - 48 IS - 2 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - Soil KW - 0 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene KW - 4M7FS82U08 KW - DDT KW - CIW5S16655 KW - Index Medicus KW - Soil Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Texas KW - Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene -- metabolism KW - New Mexico KW - DDT -- metabolism KW - Soil -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72816306?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Unusual+persistence+of+DDT+in+some+Western+USA+soils.&rft.au=Hitch%2C+R+K%3BDay%2C+H+R&rft.aulast=Hitch&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1992-02-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=259&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-03-31 N1 - Date created - 1992-03-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spectroscopic study of surface redox reactions with manganese oxides AN - 50258684; 1994-019654 JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Risser, Jeffrey A AU - Bailey, George W Y1 - 1992/02// PY - 1992 DA - February 1992 SP - 82 EP - 88 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 56 IS - 1 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - soils KW - mineral composition KW - manganese oxides KW - pollution KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - Eh KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50258684?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Spectroscopic+study+of+surface+redox+reactions+with+manganese+oxides&rft.au=Risser%2C+Jeffrey+A%3BBailey%2C+George+W&rft.aulast=Risser&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=1992-02-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=82&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SSSJD4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Eh; manganese oxides; mineral composition; oxides; pollution; soils; spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Techniques for the Fabrication of Geomembrane Filled Seams AN - 754893038; 13511259 AB - Geomembranes employed to overlay the excavation for landfills must be seamed together on-site at the landfill. To ensure the integrity of the containment system of the landfill, these sheets or blankets must be carefully seamed. Present methods in common use are: extrusion fillet welding, where the extrudate is placed over the edge of the seam; extrusion flat welding, where the extrudate is placed between the two sheets to be joined; hot wedge seaming, a thermal fusion bonding, where an electrically heated wedge melts the sheets to be joined, after which a roller applies pressure to ensure the seal; hot air seaming, where hot air between the sheets melt the surfaces to be joined; chemical fusion, where a liquid chemical is applied between the two sheets to be joined; and chemical adhesive, where a dissolved bonding agent (adherent) is applied between the two sheets to be joined. This paper is a review of the technology involved in forming the seams by each method. JF - Waste Management & Research AU - Carson, David A AU - Landreth, Robert E AD - Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, U.S.A Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 399 EP - 410 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 10 IS - 5 SN - 0734-242X, 0734-242X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Sanitary landfill KW - hazardous waste landfill KW - geomembrane KW - seaming KW - extrusion fillet welding KW - extrusion flat welding KW - hot wedge bonding KW - hot air seaming KW - chemical fusion KW - chemical adhesive. KW - Landfills KW - Reviews KW - Waste disposal sites KW - Welding KW - Containment KW - Technology KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754893038?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waste+Management+%26+Research&rft.atitle=Techniques+for+the+Fabrication+of+Geomembrane+Filled+Seams&rft.au=Carson%2C+David+A%3BLandreth%2C+Robert+E&rft.aulast=Carson&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=399&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Waste+Management+%26+Research&rft.issn=0734242X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F0734242X9201000503 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Landfills; Reviews; Waste disposal sites; Welding; Containment; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242X9201000503 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Endpoints of spermatotoxicity in the rat after short duration exposures to fourteen reproductive toxicants. AN - 73497223; 1288759 AB - Multiple endpoints of spermatotoxicity in short duration tests (1-5 days exposure; 2.5-week assay interval) were investigated in a number of chemicals reported to produce minimal to severe reproductive effects when administered subchronically. Six of these chemicals (boric acid, dinoseb, 2,5-hexanedione, methoxychlor, metronidazole, ornidazole) produced substantial spermatotoxicity after 1 to 5 doses. Spermatotoxic effects of chlordimeform were equivocal while p,p'-DDT, n-hexane, and sodium chlorite were judged negative. Four chemicals with known acute effects (benomyl, busulfan, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, nitrobenzene) elicited expected histopathologic responses after a single dose. Testicular histology, testicular sperm head counts, cauda sperm counts, sperm morphology, and sperm velocity proved to be the most toxicologically sensitive endpoints in one or more of the studies, but histopathology of the testis and epididymis was the most consistent indicator of reproductive damage. The percentage of motile sperm and sperm concentration in the epididymal fluid were the least sensitive measurements. The data suggested that most chemicals with the potential to produce moderate to severe sperm damage are detectable with a short duration test. Complementary multiple endpoints enhanced the interpretation of results, often identified cellular targets, and provided insight on possible mechanisms. Specific responses were often similar to specific effects reported for subchronic exposures. A short duration test could be of value as a screen in structure-activity studies or to set priorities for chemicals requiring further evaluation. As a supplement to breeding studies, the data generated in the short test could also be used to enhance the design and interpretation of the longer tests. JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Linder, R E AU - Strader, L F AU - Slott, V L AU - Suarez, J D AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 491 EP - 505 VL - 6 IS - 6 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Pharmaceutical Preparations KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Pharmaceutical Preparations -- administration & dosage KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Testis -- drug effects KW - Epididymis -- pathology KW - Testis -- pathology KW - Epididymis -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Spermatozoa -- drug effects KW - Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73497223?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Endpoints+of+spermatotoxicity+in+the+rat+after+short+duration+exposures+to+fourteen+reproductive+toxicants.&rft.au=Linder%2C+R+E%3BStrader%2C+L+F%3BSlott%2C+V+L%3BSuarez%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Linder&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=491&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-03-23 N1 - Date created - 1993-03-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of three male reproductive toxicants on rat cauda epididymal sperm motion. AN - 73467994; 1288760 AB - The sensitivity of the CellSoft computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system to detect changes in rat sperm motion was evaluated. CASA motion endpoints were measured in cauda epididymal sperm from Long-Evans rats treated with each of three known male reproductive toxicants reported to affect the epididymis and epididymal sperm motility: alpha-chlorohydrin, ornidazole, and trimethylphosphate. Significant changes in endpoints describing sperm swimming vigor (curvilinear velocity and straight-line velocity) and pattern (linearity and amplitude of lateral head displacement) were observed for rats dosed with each agent when evaluations included mean values and other statistical parameters (i.e., percentiles and distributional shape). alpha-Chlorohydrin (ACH) treatment (10 mg/kg/day; 8 days) resulted in reductions in the mean percentage of motile sperm, curvilinear velocity (VCL), straight-line velocity (VSL), lateral head displacement (ALH), and linearity (LIN). Treatment with ornidazole (ONZ) (200 mg/kg/day/14 days) reduced the percentage of motile sperm. Mean VCL, VSL, and ALH were reduced by 400 mg ONZ/kg/day treatment. Trimethylphosphate (TMP) treatment led to (a) a reduction in the 75th and 90th percentiles for ALH (100 mg TMP/kg/day; 5 days) (P < or = 0.04), (b) a reduction in VCL, VSL, and ALH (250 mg TMP/kg/day), (c) a reduction in the percentage of motile cells and in the 10th and 25th percentiles for VSL (600 mg TMP/kg/day), and (d) increases in the 90th percentile for VSL, in the mean, 75th, and 90th percentiles for VCL, and in the 75th and 90th percentiles for ALH (600 mg TMP/kg/day). The general utility of these analytic approaches in reproductive toxicology studies was demonstrated in the observations of effects at or below dose levels previously reported. JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Toth, G P AU - Wang, S R AU - McCarthy, H AU - Tocco, D R AU - Smith, M K AD - Cellular and Biochemical Marker Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268. Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 507 EP - 515 VL - 6 IS - 6 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Organophosphorus Compounds KW - 0 KW - Ornidazole KW - 62XCK0G93T KW - alpha-Chlorohydrin KW - 96-24-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Evaluation Studies as Topic KW - Administration, Oral KW - Epididymis -- cytology KW - Animals KW - Sperm Count -- drug effects KW - Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Ornidazole -- administration & dosage KW - Organophosphorus Compounds -- toxicity KW - Ornidazole -- toxicity KW - alpha-Chlorohydrin -- administration & dosage KW - alpha-Chlorohydrin -- toxicity KW - Sperm Motility -- drug effects KW - Organophosphorus Compounds -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73467994?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Effects+of+three+male+reproductive+toxicants+on+rat+cauda+epididymal+sperm+motion.&rft.au=Toth%2C+G+P%3BWang%2C+S+R%3BMcCarthy%2C+H%3BTocco%2C+D+R%3BSmith%2C+M+K&rft.aulast=Toth&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=507&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-03-23 N1 - Date created - 1993-03-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulatory concerns of the United States Environmental Protection Agency. AN - 73433244; 1296284 AB - The US Environmental Protection Agency, under 2 of its legislative mandates, has the authority to require the testing of industrial and pesticide chemicals. Among the testing requirements, particularly in chronic studies, are those relating to hematology, clinical chemistry, and urinalysis. Some of these requirements will be discussed in detail. Comments on the usefulness of the current requirements and recommendations for changes will be solicited from the meeting participants. JF - Toxicologic pathology AU - Fenner-Crisp, P AD - Health Effects Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460. Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 523 EP - 525 VL - 20 IS - 3 Pt 2 SN - 0192-6233, 0192-6233 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Environmental Pollution -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Pathology, Clinical -- legislation & jurisprudence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73433244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicologic+pathology&rft.atitle=Regulatory+concerns+of+the+United+States+Environmental+Protection+Agency.&rft.au=Fenner-Crisp%2C+P&rft.aulast=Fenner-Crisp&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3+Pt+2&rft.spage=523&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicologic+pathology&rft.issn=01926233&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1993-04-22 N1 - Date created - 1993-04-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of trimethyltin on repeated acquisition (learning) in the radial-arm maze. AN - 73309259; 1436759 AB - Trimethyltin (TMT) was used as a positive control neurotoxicant to evaluate a repeated acquisition procedure for the 8-arm radial maze. Ten male Long-Evans rats were trained to collect a single food pellet at the end of each baited arm on each trial of a daily 12-trial test session. Four of the eight arms were baited on all trials of a given session. The set of four baited arms was changed each day: thus the rats were required to learn a new set of baited arms in each session. In trained rats, error frequencies (entries into unbaited arms) declined from about 4 on Trial 1 to less than 1 on Trials 4-12 in each session: this within-session error reduction thus defined an acquisition baseline which was evaluated for its sensitivity to TMT. Learning was impaired after 7 mg/kg (iv) TMT, as shown by a slower decline in within-session error frequencies in all treated rats. Errors and response times were elevated for 5 weeks after TMT but returned to control levels thereafter. Histological examination of hippocampi showed damage in all treated rats 18 weeks after treatment; however, no significant relationship between degree of damage and behavioral effect was observed. Analysis of errors showed that TMT more strongly impaired the rats' ability to avoid arms in the current unbaited set than those baited arms already entered on a given trial (i.e., working memory). These dissociations between behavior and hippocampal morphology in terms of time course, magnitude of effect across animals, and error type suggest that performance of this task does not depend upon hippocampal integrity, as do other tasks involving spatial working memory. Recovery of function in this kind of task may shed light on processes of neural plasticity after exposure to neurotoxic compounds. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Bushnell, P J AU - Angell, K E AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 429 EP - 441 VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - Trimethyltin Compounds KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Brain -- pathology KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Reference Standards KW - Male KW - Conditioning, Operant -- drug effects KW - Trimethyltin Compounds -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73309259?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+trimethyltin+on+repeated+acquisition+%28learning%29+in+the+radial-arm+maze.&rft.au=Bushnell%2C+P+J%3BAngell%2C+K+E&rft.aulast=Bushnell&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=429&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-12-17 N1 - Date created - 1992-12-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exposure to pesticide mixer/loaders and applicators in California. AN - 73269373; 1410692 AB - Pesticide exposure occurs both when preparing (mixing/loading) the pesticide for application and when actually applying the pesticide. Equipment cleanup and repair may also contribute to exposure. These separate tasks may be done by different people or a single individual may combine them. Different formulations, handling methods, and application methods may affect levels of exposure. Good workplace hygiene dictates that the first priority in workplace safety is to put in place engineering and administrative controls to make the workplace safer rather than rely on the use of PPE to prevent exposure. Providing a physical barrier, such as closed systems for the mixer/loader and an enclosed cab or cockpit for applicators, is associated with reduced exposures of workers. The Worker Health and Safety Branch in the DPR of Cal/EPA has been monitoring various work task exposures. The results of these studies are summarized in Figures 1-4, where exposure is shown based on both time worked and amount of material handled. The studies were done using dosimeters, skin washes/wipes, and air pumps. Water-soluble packets, which are very popular with users, surpassed closed systems in reducing exposure to mixer/loaders in these studies. Hand spraying proved to present the greatest risk of exposure of the methods of application studied. It was found that the dermal route of exposure is most important, comprising 87-95% of a handler's exposure. Although this survey cannot be considered conclusive, since it leaves many formulations, systems, and methods incompletely studied or unstudied, it is clear that exposure is affected by different handling strategies. Manufacturers, regulators and users should work more closely to refine or develop new systems for safely handling pesticides. JF - Reviews of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Rutz, R AU - Krieger, R I AD - Department of Pesticide Regulation, California Environmental Protection Agency, Sacramento 94271-0001. Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 121 EP - 139 VL - 129 SN - 0179-5953, 0179-5953 KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - California KW - Humans KW - Occupational Exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73269373?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Exposure+to+pesticide+mixer%2Floaders+and+applicators+in+California.&rft.au=Rutz%2C+R%3BKrieger%2C+R+I&rft.aulast=Rutz&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=129&rft.issue=&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=01795953&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-11-18 N1 - Date created - 1992-11-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute pesticide morbidity and mortality: California. AN - 73248748; 1410694 AB - The California Pesticide Illness Surveillance Program collects, investigates, abstracts, and records reports received from physicians. A minority of the reports are received through the county health officers who are notified by physicians under a state requirement for reporting pesticide-caused conditions. Most of the cases are identified by review of workers' compensation records. All the cases identified are investigated by the agricultural commissioners of the counties where exposure occurred. The investigation reports are reviewed and abstracted by staff of the Worker Health and Safety Branch of the California Department of Pesticide Regulation, California Environmental Protection Agency (Cal/EPA). The crucial determination is assessment of the degree of relationship between the exposure and subsequent disease: definite, probable, possible, unlikely, or unrelated. In most years, the number of cases investigated has been between 2,500 and 3,000. Excluding antimicrobials, the number of cases found after investigation to have a definite, probable, or possible relationship with pesticide exposure has ranged from 970 (in 1989) to 1,372 (in 1988). Cases involving antimicrobials rarely were reported prior to 1987. In that year, surveillance staff began reviewing workers' compensation records personally, with the specific goal of identifying antimicrobial cases. Since then, antimicrobials have been found to account for 746-813 cases annually, primarily involving splashes and squirts to the eye and inhalation of fumes or vapors. Numbers of case reports from agricultural situations have varied irregularly, driven by small numbers of episodes concerning multiple individuals. Variability in numbers of cases involving the skin has depended almost entirely on variation in numbers of field worker dermatitis. The most common situation for field worker dermatitis has been summer work in table grapes grown in the southern San Joaquin valley. In the two years since reentry intervals for the acaricide propargite were lengthened, there have been no more major clusters of field worker dermatitis. Although the cases collected by the surveillance program are predominantly occupational, because of dependence on workers' compensation for case identification, most recorded deaths are nonoccupational. Nonoccupational fatalities include suicides, mistaken ingestion of pesticides (especially if stored in food containers), and entry into structures being fumigated. Occupational deaths are less common and more varied. The circumstances of each reported occupational death are summarized above. JF - Reviews of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Mehler, L N AU - O'Malley, M A AU - Krieger, R I AD - Worker Health and Safety Branch, Department of Pesticide Regulation, California Environmental Protection Agency, Sacramento 94271-0001. Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 51 EP - 66 VL - 129 SN - 0179-5953, 0179-5953 KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Humans KW - Poisoning -- epidemiology KW - Dermatitis, Contact -- etiology KW - California -- epidemiology KW - Dermatitis, Contact -- epidemiology KW - Pesticides -- poisoning UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73248748?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Acute+pesticide+morbidity+and+mortality%3A+California.&rft.au=Mehler%2C+L+N%3BO%27Malley%2C+M+A%3BKrieger%2C+R+I&rft.aulast=Mehler&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=129&rft.issue=&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=01795953&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-11-18 N1 - Date created - 1992-11-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Host resistance to Trichinella spiralis infection in rats and mice: species-dependent effects of cyclophosphamide exposure. AN - 73069152; 1631907 AB - Host resistance to Trichinella spiralis infection was compared in male rats (F344) and female mice (C57BL/6J) following various cyclophosphamide (CY) treatment schedules. Doses of CY given to mice were adjusted by body surface area to be comparable to rat doses. Adult parasite elimination was not affected by oral administration of 1.5, 3 or 6 mg CY/kg per day to rats or 1.05, 2.1 or 4.2 mg CY/kg per day to mice for 10 days. In rats, resistance was suppressed by a single oral dose of 80 mg/kg given the day prior to infection, but was not affected at 20 or 40 mg/kg. A single oral dose of 14, 28 or 56 mg CY/kg did not affect parasite expulsion in mice. Rats were also given four daily intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of 20, 40 or 80 mg CY/kg per day and mice received 14, 28 or 56 mg CY/kg per day. Infected rats did not survive at the two higher dose levels and parasite expulsion was suppressed at 20 mg/kg per day; parasite expulsion was suppressed in mice by four i.p. injections of 56 mg CY/kg per day, but not by lower doses. In rats, doses of CY which suppressed adult parasite expulsion also severely suppressed the proliferative response of mesenteric lymph node cells (MLNC) to an extract of T. spiralis (TsE). However, significant suppression of TsE-driven blastogenesis occurred at a dose of CY which did not affect parasite expulsion, indicating that the proliferative response in rats was more sensitive to suppression than actual parasite elimination. In contrast, the proliferative response to the T cell mitogen concanavalin A was elevated in the MLNC of CY-exposed rats. This was determined to be related to the interval between CY dosing and the day of assay rather than to an effect of infection with T. spiralis. Mouse MLNC proliferative responses to TsE were not suppressed by CY treatment, even at levels of CY which suppressed adult parasite expulsion. Mice differed from rats in that CY exposure did not affect the proliferative response to concanavalin A in infected animals. The species-dependent differences observed in these studies may have been secondary to the greater sensitivity of rats to CY. Nonetheless, these results highlight the potential for species-specific responses to chemical exposure and underscore the need for additional comparative studies of host resistance in rats and mice. JF - Toxicology AU - Luebke, R W AU - Copeland, C B AU - Andrews, D L AU - Riddle, M M AU - Smialowicz, R J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Health Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 305 EP - 321 VL - 73 IS - 3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Interleukin-2 KW - 0 KW - Cyclophosphamide KW - 8N3DW7272P KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Injections, Intraperitoneal KW - Animals KW - Interleukin-2 -- metabolism KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Mice KW - Host-Parasite Interactions -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Phenotype KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Species Specificity KW - Female KW - Male KW - Immunosuppression KW - Cyclophosphamide -- therapeutic use KW - Trichinellosis -- drug therapy KW - Trichinella -- immunology KW - Trichinella -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73069152?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Host+resistance+to+Trichinella+spiralis+infection+in+rats+and+mice%3A+species-dependent+effects+of+cyclophosphamide+exposure.&rft.au=Luebke%2C+R+W%3BCopeland%2C+C+B%3BAndrews%2C+D+L%3BRiddle%2C+M+M%3BSmialowicz%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Luebke&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=305&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-08-19 N1 - Date created - 1992-08-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differences in animal and human responses to carcinogenic metals. AN - 73050882; 1620712 JF - Progress in clinical and biological research AU - Gibb, H J AU - Farland, W H AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460. Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 367 EP - 379 VL - 374 SN - 0361-7742, 0361-7742 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Metals KW - Cadmium KW - 00BH33GNGH KW - Chromium KW - 0R0008Q3JB KW - Nickel KW - 7OV03QG267 KW - Arsenic KW - N712M78A8G KW - Beryllium KW - OW5102UV6N KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Arsenic -- toxicity KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Cadmium -- toxicity KW - Nickel -- toxicity KW - Chromium -- toxicity KW - Beryllium -- toxicity KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Metals -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73050882?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.atitle=Differences+in+animal+and+human+responses+to+carcinogenic+metals.&rft.au=Gibb%2C+H+J%3BFarland%2C+W+H&rft.aulast=Gibb&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=374&rft.issue=&rft.spage=367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.issn=03617742&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-08-04 N1 - Date created - 1992-08-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interspecies sensitivity to chemical carcinogens. AN - 73043237; 1620714 JF - Progress in clinical and biological research AU - Nesnow, S AU - Agarwal, S C AU - Lambert, G R AU - Earley, K AU - Gupta, R C AD - Carcinogenesis and Metabolism Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 381 EP - 397 VL - 374 SN - 0361-7742, 0361-7742 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Animals KW - Skin Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Carcinogenicity Tests -- methods KW - Mice KW - Species Specificity KW - Male KW - Female KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73043237?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.atitle=Interspecies+sensitivity+to+chemical+carcinogens.&rft.au=Nesnow%2C+S%3BAgarwal%2C+S+C%3BLambert%2C+G+R%3BEarley%2C+K%3BGupta%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Nesnow&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=374&rft.issue=&rft.spage=381&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Progress+in+clinical+and+biological+research&rft.issn=03617742&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-08-04 N1 - Date created - 1992-08-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure-affinity relationships of retinoids with embryonic cellular retinoic acid-binding protein. AN - 72787185; 1310166 AB - Separation and quantitation of cellular retinoic acid-binding protein (CRABP) in embryonic and fetal hamster tissues was accomplished with high-performance size-exclusion chromatography. Binding affinity of 26 retinoids was established by in vitro displacement of high specific activity all-trans-[3H2]retinoic acid from fetal CRABP. The CRABP concentration in presomite-to-early somite (Day 8) hamster embryos was 1.9 pmol/mg cytosolic protein and increased to 7.5 pmol/mg protein in Day 13 fetuses; CRABP concentrations subsequently declined as gestation progressed. CRABP was located primarily in fetal brain and skin (5.8 +/- 0.3 and 2.2 +/- 0.1 pmol/mg protein, respectively), whereas only trace concentrations were found in fetal liver, placenta, and maternal uterus. Retinoids that could displace all-trans-retinoic acid from CRABP had a free acid at the polar terminus (or were carboxylate esters that were readily hydrolyzed to the corresponding free acid) and had a hydrophobic ring at the distal position. The ligand specificity of the CRABP studied here suggests that this protein was analogous to the CRABP I isoform. The in vitro binding affinities of teratogenic retinoids that competed for embryonic CRABP failed to correlate directly with relative teratogenic potency. In some instances, the latter observation can be related to extensive in vivo biotransformation of retinoids to multiple teratogenic metabolites and to retinoid persistence in the embryo. Three analogs containing a free carboxy terminus, SRI 5898-21, SRI 7323-78, and SRI 6153-40, were identified with high teratogenic potency but failed to bind fetal hamster CRABP. The structure-activity and binding data of the analogs studied here indicate that many, if not most, teratogenic retinoids (or their acidic metabolites) bind with embryonic/fetal CRABP, but the present data question the role for CRABP in their teratogenic mechanism of action. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Willhite, C C AU - Jurek, A AU - Sharma, R P AU - Dawson, M I AD - Department of Toxic Substances Control, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley 94710. Y1 - 1992/01// PY - 1992 DA - January 1992 SP - 144 EP - 153 VL - 112 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Carrier Proteins KW - 0 KW - Prodrugs KW - Receptors, Retinoic Acid KW - Retinoids KW - Teratogens KW - Tritium KW - 10028-17-8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Kinetics KW - Teratogens -- toxicity KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Prodrugs -- metabolism KW - Molecular Weight KW - Male KW - Female KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Pregnancy KW - Cricetinae KW - Retinoids -- metabolism KW - Carrier Proteins -- metabolism KW - Carrier Proteins -- physiology KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- metabolism KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- chemistry KW - Retinoids -- pharmacokinetics KW - Retinoids -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72787185?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Structure-affinity+relationships+of+retinoids+with+embryonic+cellular+retinoic+acid-binding+protein.&rft.au=Willhite%2C+C+C%3BJurek%2C+A%3BSharma%2C+R+P%3BDawson%2C+M+I&rft.aulast=Willhite&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=144&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-02-27 N1 - Date created - 1992-02-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparisons of the effects of TCDD and hydrocortisone on growth factor expression provide insight into their interaction in the embryonic mouse palate. AN - 72775916; 1731395 AB - Cleft palate (CP) can be induced in embryonic mice by a wide range of compounds, including glucocorticoids and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Hydrocortisone (HC), a glucocorticoid, retards embryonic growth producing small palatal shelves, while TCDD exposure blocks the fusion of normally sized shelves. TCDD induction of CP involves altered differentiation of the medial epithelial cells. Recent studies indicate that growth factors such as EGF, TGF-alpha, TGF-beta 1, and TGF-beta 2 are involved in palatogenesis, regulating proliferation, differentiation, and extracellular matrix production. A synergism has been observed between HC and TCDD in which doses too low to induce CP alone are able to produce greater than 90% incidence when coadministered. In the present study a standard teratology protocol was performed in C57BL/6N mice to examine the synergism at doses lower than those previously published. Data from this study indicate synergistic interactions at doses as low as 3 micrograms TCDD/kg + 1 mg HC/kg. This extreme sensitivity suggests the involvement of a receptor-mediated mechanism possibly resulting in altered regulation of gene expression. Mechanisms of interaction were further studied by comparing growth of the shelves, fate of the medial epithelium, and expression of growth factor mRNAs and peptides. Pregnant mice were dosed on GDs 10-13 with HC (100 mg/kg sc) or with HC (25 mg/kg sc) + TCDD (3 micrograms/kg orally), doses producing 30% and 99% CP, respectively. The interaction between HC and TCDD results in a small HC-like palate, rather than the morphology typical of TCDD-induced clefting. Both compounds inhibited programmed cell death of the medial epithelium, which instead differentiated into an oral-like epithelium. The alterations in growth factor expression after HC or HC + TCDD were similar. Expression of EGF, TGF-beta 1, TGF-beta 2, and EGF receptor increased in specific palatal regions. Increased levels of mRNA were observed only for TGF-beta 1. The effect of TCDD alone on growth factor expression differ from those seen with HC or HC + TCDD. These divergent effects on growth factor expression may contribute to the differences in shelf size and thus to the different mechanisms of HC and TCDD clefting. Thus the synergism between HC and TCDD may involve similar and potentially additive effects on regulators of proliferation and differentiation in the palate, but additional contributing factors cannot be excluded. JF - Teratology AU - Abbott, B D AU - Harris, M W AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Y1 - 1992/01// PY - 1992 DA - January 1992 SP - 35 EP - 53 VL - 45 IS - 1 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Growth Substances KW - 0 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Teratogens KW - Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor KW - EC 2.7.10.1 KW - Hydrocortisone KW - WI4X0X7BPJ KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor -- metabolism KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Gestational Age KW - Mice KW - Nucleic Acid Hybridization KW - Pregnancy KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Microscopy, Electron KW - Drug Synergism KW - Female KW - Immunoenzyme Techniques KW - Male KW - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning KW - Cleft Palate -- chemically induced KW - Palate -- drug effects KW - Hydrocortisone -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Teratogens -- toxicity KW - Growth Substances -- metabolism KW - Palate -- ultrastructure KW - Palate -- embryology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72775916?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Comparisons+of+the+effects+of+TCDD+and+hydrocortisone+on+growth+factor+expression+provide+insight+into+their+interaction+in+the+embryonic+mouse+palate.&rft.au=Abbott%2C+B+D%3BHarris%2C+M+W%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1992-02-20 N1 - Date created - 1992-02-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developing a GIS system to facilitate data analysis for characterization of waste sites AN - 52778323; 1997-007294 JF - Proceedings of the Annual ESRI User Conference AU - Zhang, Xiaoyi AU - Burden, David AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 67 EP - 69 PB - Environmental Systems Research Institute, [Redlands, CA] VL - 12, Vol.II KW - wells KW - soils KW - numerical analysis KW - data acquisition KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - geographic information systems KW - boreholes KW - transport KW - movement KW - data bases KW - information systems KW - applications KW - waste disposal KW - water wells KW - design KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52778323?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Annual+ESRI+User+Conference&rft.atitle=Developing+a+GIS+system+to+facilitate+data+analysis+for+characterization+of+waste+sites&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Xiaoyi%3BBurden%2C+David%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Xiaoyi&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=12%2C+Vol.II&rft.issue=&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Annual+ESRI+User+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Twelfth annual ESRI user conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA] N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03391 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; aquifers; boreholes; data acquisition; data bases; data processing; design; geographic information systems; ground water; information systems; models; movement; numerical analysis; pollution; simulation; soils; transport; waste disposal; water wells; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ground-water vulnerability assessment examples from the Western United States AN - 50976391; 1993-047375 JF - Technical Publication Series - American Water Resources Association AU - Wireman, Mike AU - Dunn, Jim A2 - Borden, Robert C. A2 - Lyke, William L. Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 401 PB - American Water Resources Association, Bethesda, MD VL - 92-1 SN - 0731-9789, 0731-9789 KW - United States KW - Denver County Colorado KW - Goshen County Wyoming KW - Pennington County South Dakota KW - ground water KW - Wyoming KW - geographic information systems KW - Denver Colorado KW - Western U.S. KW - sensitivity analysis KW - Rapid City South Dakota KW - risk assessment KW - information systems KW - Colorado KW - water resources KW - South Dakota KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50976391?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Technical+Publication+Series+-+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Ground-water+vulnerability+assessment+examples+from+the+Western+United+States&rft.au=Wireman%2C+Mike%3BDunn%2C+Jim&rft.aulast=Wireman&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=92-1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=401&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Technical+Publication+Series+-+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=07319789&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - National symposium on the Future availability on ground water resources N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - PubXState - MD N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Colorado; Denver Colorado; Denver County Colorado; geographic information systems; Goshen County Wyoming; ground water; information systems; Pennington County South Dakota; Rapid City South Dakota; risk assessment; sensitivity analysis; South Dakota; United States; water resources; Western U.S.; Wyoming ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Groundwater valuation; the current crisis AN - 50973345; 1993-047329 JF - Technical Publication Series - American Water Resources Association AU - Ankrah, Rodges K E A2 - Borden, Robert C. A2 - Lyke, William L. Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 31 PB - American Water Resources Association, Bethesda, MD VL - 92-1 SN - 0731-9789, 0731-9789 KW - water quality KW - water management KW - policy KW - water resources KW - ground water KW - evaluation KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50973345?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Technical+Publication+Series+-+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Groundwater+valuation%3B+the+current+crisis&rft.au=Ankrah%2C+Rodges+K+E&rft.aulast=Ankrah&rft.aufirst=Rodges+K&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=92-1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Technical+Publication+Series+-+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=07319789&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - National symposium on the Future availability on ground water resources N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - PubXState - MD N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - evaluation; ground water; policy; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - First international conference on ground water ecology AN - 50964983; 1993-037325 JF - Technical Publication Series - American Water Resources Association A2 - Stanford, Jack A. A2 - Simons, John J. Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 419 PB - American Water Resources Association, Bethesda, MD VL - 92-2 SN - 0731-9789, 0731-9789 KW - processes KW - symposia KW - ecosystems KW - ecology KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50964983?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Technical+Publication+Series+-+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=First+international+conference+on+ground+water+ecology&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=92-2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Technical+Publication+Series+-+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=07319789&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - First international conference on ground water ecology N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - PubXState - MD N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. tables, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Individual paper within scope is cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ecology; ecosystems; ground water; processes; symposia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The phenomenon called submarine groundwater discharge AN - 50964830; 1993-037326 JF - Technical Publication Series - American Water Resources Association AU - Simmons, G M, Jr AU - Reay, W G A2 - Stanford, Jack A. A2 - Simons, John J. Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 385 EP - 394 PB - American Water Resources Association, Bethesda, MD VL - 92-2 SN - 0731-9789, 0731-9789 KW - processes KW - communities KW - marine environment KW - submarine environment KW - hydrodynamics KW - ecosystems KW - ecology KW - discharge KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50964830?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Technical+Publication+Series+-+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=The+phenomenon+called+submarine+groundwater+discharge&rft.au=Simmons%2C+G+M%2C+Jr%3BReay%2C+W+G&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=92-2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=385&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Technical+Publication+Series+-+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=07319789&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - First international conference on ground water ecology N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - MD N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - communities; discharge; ecology; ecosystems; ground water; hydrodynamics; marine environment; processes; submarine environment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Site studies of ground penetrating radar for monitoring petroleum product contaminants AN - 50866670; 2007-119117 AB - Ground penetrating radar (GPR) provides a possible means of mapping hydrocarbons in the vadose zone. Results of controlled surveys in a sand test pit at The Ohio State University demonstrate conclusively that there is a clear high amplitude GPR anomaly over plastic containers containing diesel fuel and containers containing the host sand material saturated with diesel fuel. Results of surveys at a site in Northern Indiana show a correlation between the decrease of the GPR signal amplitude in the vicinity of the gasoline concentration and the presence of gasoline. A decreased amplitude of the GPR signal is present in the capillary fringe region above the water table at this site, suggesting that vapor-phase hydrocarbons may affect the propagation of the electromagnetic wave. Possible explanations for the observed high amplitude reflections over the confined hydrocarbons in the test pit and the low amplitudes in the field include: 1) the hydrocarbons product may be contained in small dispersed concentrations in the vadose zone, or 2) the hydrocarbon product may have a high loss tangent. Small dispersed concentrations of hydrocarbon product above the water table could cause reflecting and diffracting boundaries, resulting in many small isolated anomalies on a GPR record. A high loss tangent for the hydrocarbon product could help to explain both the observed decrease in amplitude for the electromagnetic wave propagating through the capillary fringe, and the high amplitude reflections from the saturated hydrocarbons. JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Daniels, Jeffrey J AU - Roberts, Roger AU - Vendl, Mark A2 - Bell, Ronald S. Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 597 EP - 609 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 1992 KW - United States KW - geophysical surveys KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - unsaturated zone KW - physical models KW - ground water KW - Indiana KW - propagation KW - electrical properties KW - monitoring KW - cartography KW - pollutants KW - northern Indiana KW - gasoline KW - radar methods KW - pollution KW - anomalies KW - petroleum products KW - signals KW - water table KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - hydrocarbons KW - surveys KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50866670?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=Site+studies+of+ground+penetrating+radar+for+monitoring+petroleum+product+contaminants&rft.au=Daniels%2C+Jeffrey+J%3BRoberts%2C+Roger%3BVendl%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Daniels&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=1992&rft.issue=&rft.spage=597&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on the Application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anomalies; cartography; detection; electrical properties; gasoline; geophysical surveys; ground water; ground-penetrating radar; hydrocarbons; Indiana; monitoring; northern Indiana; organic compounds; petroleum products; physical models; pollutants; pollution; propagation; radar methods; signals; surveys; United States; unsaturated zone; water table ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of a multiaquifer ground-water cross-contamination problem in the Stockton Formation by use of borehole geophysical methods, Hatboro, Pennsylvania AN - 50865911; 2007-119083 AB - Abandoned industrial and public supply wells and improperly constructed monitoring wells open to multiple water-bearing zones in the Triassic Stockton Formation in Pennsylvania short circuit the ground-water-flow system and are conduits for contaminant transport. Borehole geophysical methods were used to construct a three-dimensional lithostratigraphic model, identify fluid-producing and fluid-receiving zones (fractures), measure vertical borehole-fluid movement, and serve as the basis for proper design and construction of monitoring wells. Natural-gamma, single-point-resistance, caliper, fluid-temperature, and fluid-resistivity logs were run in 16 boreholes 149 to 470 feet deep. The lithostratigraphic model of the dipping sedimentary rocks of the Stockton Formation primarily is based on natural-gamma, single-point-resistance, and caliper logs. Geophysical logs from one borehole were compared to a 200-foot-long rock core from that borehole to determine the relative response of the geophysical logs to lithology. This comparison was used as the basis for lithologic interpretation of the geophysical logs of the other boreholes. The interpreted lithostratigraphy correlates well from borehole to borehole. Fluid-producing and fluid-receiving zones were identified on the basis of caliper, single-point-resistance, fluid-resistivity, and fluid-temperature logs. The direction and rate of borehole-fluid movement was determined by injecting a slug of high-conductance fluid at different depths in 15 boreholes and monitoring the movement of the slug with the fluid-resistivity tool. Downward fluid movement at rates up to 6 gallons per minute was measured in 13 boreholes. Cross-contamination is indicated by the presence of detectable concentrations of volatile organic compounds in borehole fluid moving from the shallow to the deep part of the aquifer system in all nine boreholes sampled. Borehole geophysical logs were used as the basis for designing and constructing monitoring well clusters in such a way as to avoid cross-contamination at a National Priorities List (Superfund) site in Hatboro. A 200-foot-deep borehole was drilled and logged at each of three cluster locations. The boreholes were reconstructed so that they were open only to the deepest water-bearing zone. Two additional boreholes open to shallower water-bearing zones were then constructed at each cluster location. JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Sloto, Ronald A AU - Machiaroli, Paola AU - Towle, Michael T A2 - Bell, Ronald S. Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 21 EP - 35 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 1992 KW - United States KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Hatboro Pennsylvania KW - slug tests KW - geophysical surveys KW - caliper logging KW - well-logging KW - observation wells KW - Stockton Formation KW - cores KW - ground water KW - transport KW - Triassic KW - monitoring KW - gamma-ray methods KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - pollution KW - correlation KW - Mesozoic KW - aquifers KW - models KW - boreholes KW - abandoned water wells KW - Montgomery County Pennsylvania KW - surveys KW - Pennsylvania KW - water wells KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50865911?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=Identification+of+a+multiaquifer+ground-water+cross-contamination+problem+in+the+Stockton+Formation+by+use+of+borehole+geophysical+methods%2C+Hatboro%2C+Pennsylvania&rft.au=Sloto%2C+Ronald+A%3BMachiaroli%2C+Paola%3BTowle%2C+Michael+T&rft.aulast=Sloto&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=1992&rft.issue=&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on the Application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - abandoned water wells; aquifers; boreholes; caliper logging; cores; correlation; electrical methods; gamma-ray methods; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; ground water; Hatboro Pennsylvania; lithostratigraphy; Mesozoic; models; monitoring; Montgomery County Pennsylvania; observation wells; Pennsylvania; pollutants; pollution; slug tests; Stockton Formation; Superfund; surveys; transport; Triassic; United States; water wells; well-logging ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The use of geographical information systems (GIS) to facilitate ocean site designation for disposal of harbor dredged materials AN - 50395117; 1992-063857 JF - U. S. Geological Survey Circular AU - Hall, Robert K AU - Ota, Allan Y AU - Maher, Norman M AU - Gabel, Gregory L Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 137 EP - 143 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 1067-084X, 1067-084X KW - United States KW - imagery KW - Cordell Bank National Marine Santuary KW - continental margin KW - site exploration KW - data acquisition KW - harbors KW - government agencies KW - data processing KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - current research KW - California KW - dredging KW - Farallones National Marine Santuary KW - geographic information systems KW - Gulf of the Farallones KW - marine environment KW - environmental geology KW - information systems KW - waste disposal KW - USGS KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50395117?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Circular&rft.atitle=The+use+of+geographical+information+systems+%28GIS%29+to+facilitate+ocean+site+designation+for+disposal+of+harbor+dredged+materials&rft.au=Hall%2C+Robert+K%3BOta%2C+Allan+Y%3BMaher%2C+Norman+M%3BGabel%2C+Gregory+L&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Circular&rft.issn=1067084X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1991 Exclusive Economic Zone symposium on Mapping and research; working together in the Pacific EEZ N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1992-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - XICIA5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; continental margin; Cordell Bank National Marine Santuary; current research; data acquisition; data processing; dredging; environmental geology; Farallones National Marine Santuary; geographic information systems; government agencies; Gulf of the Farallones; harbors; imagery; information systems; marine environment; site exploration; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; United States; USGS; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental concerns for land, air, and water AN - 50363492; 1993-004313 JF - U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin AU - Scherer, James AU - Tooker, Edwin W Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 39 EP - 43 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 8755-531X, 8755-531X KW - North America KW - Basin and Range Province KW - conservation KW - regulations KW - government agencies KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - USGS KW - industrial minerals KW - 28B:Economic geology, economics of nonmetal deposits KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50363492?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Environmental+concerns+for+land%2C+air%2C+and+water&rft.au=Scherer%2C+James%3BTooker%2C+Edwin+W&rft.aulast=Scherer&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Bulletin&rft.issn=8755531X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Basin and Range industrial minerals workshop N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - SuppNotes - Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Mines, Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology, Utah Geological Survey, and Idaho Geological Survey N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - XDIGAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Basin and Range Province; conservation; government agencies; industrial minerals; North America; pollution; regulations; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; USGS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conditional simulation; practical application for sampling design optimization AN - 50337185; 1993-025713 JF - Terra Abstracts AU - Englund, E J AU - Heravi, N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 1 PB - Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford VL - 4, Suppl. 3 SN - 0954-4887, 0954-4887 KW - soils KW - sampling KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - geostatistics KW - simulation KW - design KW - Walker Lake KW - remediation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50337185?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Terra+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Conditional+simulation%3B+practical+application+for+sampling+design+optimization&rft.au=Englund%2C+E+J%3BHeravi%2C+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Englund&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Suppl.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Terra+Abstracts&rft.issn=09544887&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 4th international geostatistics congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - design; geostatistics; Monte Carlo analysis; pollution; remediation; sampling; simulation; soils; statistical analysis; Walker Lake ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radon in the coastal plain of Texas, Alabama, and New Jersey AN - 50305718; 1993-044943 AB - In comparison with other geologic terranes, the Coastal Plain of the eastern and southern United States is a region of low to moderate radon potential with local areas of high radon potential. Analyses were made of soil radon concentrations, soil permeability, and equivalent uranium concentrations. Descriptions of soil profiles include grain size analyses, relative moisture concentrations, and mineralogy. Data from Texas, Alabama, and New Jersey indicate that Cretaceous and lower Tertiary glauconitic sands. Cretaceous and Tertiary chalks, carbonaceous shales, and phosphatic sediments have the highest radon-producing potential. Marine limestones and quartz sands have the lowest radon-producing potential. More than half the soil radon concentrations measured were less than 500 pCi/L; however, 20% of the soil radon concentrations were 2,000 pCi/L or more. The highest soil radon concentration sampled was 16,200 pCi/L measured in the glauconitic sands of the Navesink Formation in New Jersey. JF - Special Paper - Geological Society of America AU - Gundersen, Linda C S AU - Peake, R Thomas Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 53 EP - 64 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 271 SN - 0072-1077, 0072-1077 KW - United States KW - geologic hazards KW - Cretaceous KW - sandstone KW - radon KW - Alabama KW - Upper Cretaceous KW - Cenozoic KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Navesink Formation KW - noble gases KW - sediments KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - soils KW - soil profiles KW - textures KW - shale KW - pollution KW - Texas KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - Mesozoic KW - chalk KW - Tertiary KW - metals KW - uranium KW - New Jersey KW - carbonate rocks KW - soil gases KW - clastic rocks KW - actinides KW - permeability KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50305718?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Special+Paper+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Radon+in+the+coastal+plain+of+Texas%2C+Alabama%2C+and+New+Jersey&rft.au=Gundersen%2C+Linda+C+S%3BPeake%2C+R+Thomas&rft.aulast=Gundersen&rft.aufirst=Linda+C&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=271&rft.issue=&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=0813722713&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Special+Paper+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00721077&rft_id=info:doi/10.1130%2FSPE271-p53 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-13 N1 - CODEN - GSAPAZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; Alabama; Atlantic Coastal Plain; carbonate rocks; Cenozoic; chalk; clastic rocks; Cretaceous; geologic hazards; Gulf Coastal Plain; Mesozoic; metals; Navesink Formation; New Jersey; noble gases; permeability; pollution; radon; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; sediments; shale; soil gases; soil profiles; soils; Tertiary; Texas; textures; United States; Upper Cretaceous; uranium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/SPE271-p53 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-term structural variations in suspended sediment profiles AN - 50302504; 1993-040727 JF - Pacific Rim Congress AU - Wai, Onyx W H AU - Bedford, Keith W AU - Abdelrhman, Mohamed A2 - Mehta, Ashish J. Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 92 EP - 107 PB - Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Parkville, Victoria VL - 42 KW - statistical analysis KW - suspended materials KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - cluster analysis KW - marine sediments KW - Long Island Sound KW - sediments KW - ocean floors KW - North Atlantic KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - North American Atlantic KW - boundary layer KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50302504?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pacific+Rim+Congress&rft.atitle=Long-term+structural+variations+in+suspended+sediment+profiles&rft.au=Wai%2C+Onyx+W+H%3BBedford%2C+Keith+W%3BAbdelrhman%2C+Mohamed&rft.aulast=Wai&rft.aufirst=Onyx+W&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=&rft.spage=92&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pacific+Rim+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Nearshore and estuarine cohesive sediment transport workshop N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1993-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - Victoria N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03056 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; boundary layer; cluster analysis; Gulf of Mexico; Long Island Sound; marine sediments; North American Atlantic; North Atlantic; ocean floors; sediments; statistical analysis; suspended materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Humic substances and contaminant transport; a review AN - 50284156; 1994-010431 JF - Northeastern Geology AU - Krishnamurthy, S Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 59 EP - 64 PB - Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Department of Geology, Troy, NY VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 0194-1453, 0194-1453 KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - organic compounds KW - humus KW - pollutants KW - pollutant transport KW - movement KW - pollution KW - properties KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50284156?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Northeastern+Geology&rft.atitle=Humic+substances+and+contaminant+transport%3B+a+review&rft.au=Krishnamurthy%2C+S&rft.aulast=Krishnamurthy&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Northeastern+Geology&rft.issn=01941453&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - humus; movement; organic compounds; organic materials; pollutant transport; pollutants; pollution; properties; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trends in Innovative Treatment Technologies at Contaminated Sites AN - 19152490; 9304443 AB - Increasing the diversity of technologies used to remediate contaminated soils and groundwater is one of the goals of EPA's Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER). Innovative technologies appear to be the answer to waste treatment problems because they hold out the promise of permanent solutions at reduced cost. Such innovations include: vacuum extraction; bioremediation; thermal desorption; soil washing; in situ flushing; in situ vitrification; solvent extraction; dechlorination; and chemical treatment. (See also W93-04432) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Water Science and Technology WSTED4, Vol. 26, p 99-106, No. 1-2, 1992. 4 fig, 1 tab, 5 ref. AU - Kovalick, W W AD - Technology Innovation Office, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - *Groundwater pollution KW - *Hazardous wastes KW - *Site remediation KW - *Soil contamination KW - *Waste treatment KW - Bioremediation KW - Chemical treatment KW - Dechlorination KW - Flushing KW - In situ treatment KW - Soil washing KW - Solvent extraction KW - Technology KW - Thermal desorption KW - Vacuum extraction KW - Vitrification KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19152490?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Trends+in+Innovative+Treatment+Technologies+at+Contaminated+Sites&rft.au=Kovalick%2C+W+W&rft.aulast=Kovalick&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Humic Substances and Contaminant Transport: A Review AN - 19128561; 9210268 AB - Humic substances are widely distributed natural products occurring in soils, lakes, rivers, and the sea. They arise from and are the end products of microbial action on dead animal and vegetable matter. Humic substances have the ability to 'fix' higher molecular weight hydrophobics like polychlorinated biphenyls, halogenated hydrocarbons, and polynuclear aromatics, rendering them water soluble. They also form complexes with heavy metals. The ability of humic substances to mobilize and transport contaminants is of great environmental importance. Based on their solubility in alkali and acids, humic substances can be divided into three main fractions: (a) humic acid (HA), (b) fulvic acid (FA), and (c) humin. Humic substances may be considered to be negatively charged hydrophilic colloids and usually exhibit properties generally attributed to this type of colloid. Negatively charged colloids like humic substances are expected to be more mobile than positively charged particles, because most groundwater matrices carry net negative charge. Reactions between clays and humic substances are of considerable importance. The main mechanisms that apply to the reaction between clay and humic material are anion exchange reactions and hydrogen bonding. Of great importance is the process of solubilization of organic molecules by HA. Sodium humate lowers the surface tension of water considerably. Thus it can act as a surfactant and solubilize otherwise insoluble organic compounds. Dissolved organic matter consisting of dissolved humic matter have been shown to complex with polycyclic aromatics and other hydrophobic pollutants. As a consequence, there is a decrease in the bioavailability of these pollutants to aquatic organisms. (Korn-PTT) JF - Northeastern Geology, Vol. 14, No. 1, p 59-645, 1992. 38 ref. AU - Krishnamurthy, S AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory, Edison, NJ 08837 Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - *Humic substances KW - *Solute transport KW - Solubility KW - Humic acid KW - Fulvic acid KW - Humin KW - Colloids KW - Clays KW - Ion exchange KW - Surfactant KW - *Environmental chemistry KW - *Literature review KW - *Path of pollutants KW - Organic compounds KW - Polychlorinated biphenyls KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 8030:Secondary publication and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19128561?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Humic+Substances+and+Contaminant+Transport%3A+A+Review&rft.au=Krishnamurthy%2C+S&rft.aulast=Krishnamurthy&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Computer models for fate assessment during the registration process: Data needs AN - 16773929; 3531646 AB - Computer models designed to simulate the fate and transport of pesticide residues in surface runoff and water that recharges shallow aquifers are used at several stages in the regulation of pesticides. Models can be a powerful tool to identify environments in which pesticides are more mobile and are more likely to impact ground-water quality. Models can also be used to highlight pesticides that can contaminate surface or ground water at an early stage of the registration process. At present, models are utilized primarily as comparative tools to identify which compounds should be examined on a priority basis. Results may be used to calibrate numerical models and estimate the long term impact on the environment from the use of a particular product or its alternatives. To date, field monitoring studies have been required for over 40 chemicals by the Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP) to evaluate the leaching potential of pesticides under realistic usage conditions. As the capabilities of models improve and linkages are developed between databases and the models, computer simulation models will play an increasingly important role in the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) efforts to manage pesticide use to prevent adverse effects on the environment. JF - Weed Technology AU - Behl, E AD - Off. Pestic. Prog. (H7507C), U.S. EPA, 401 M St., SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 696 EP - 700 VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 0890-037X, 0890-037X KW - EPA KW - chemical pollutants KW - chemicals KW - computer models KW - environmental impact KW - environmental legislation KW - federal regulations KW - groundwater contamination KW - groundwater recharge KW - regulations KW - surface runoff KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - simulation KW - hydrology KW - mathematical models KW - groundwater pollution KW - runoff KW - pesticides KW - leaching KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - H SE5.5:STANDARDS, LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND POLICY KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication KW - H SE5.2:DATA ANALYSIS KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16773929?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Weed+Technology&rft.atitle=Computer+models+for+fate+assessment+during+the+registration+process%3A+Data+needs&rft.au=Behl%2C+E&rft.aulast=Behl&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=696&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Weed+Technology&rft.issn=0890037X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hydrology; chemical pollutants; groundwater pollution; environmental impact; runoff; mathematical models; leaching; pesticides; simulation; environmental legislation; EPA; groundwater recharge; federal regulations; chemicals; regulations; computer models; surface runoff; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The use of runoff and surface water transport and fate models in the pesticide registration process AN - 16772796; 3531641 AB - In support of the registration and reregistration processes under FIFRA '88, numerical models are used to estimate the dissolved runoff and soil erosion loadings of pesticides to surface waters and the subsequent fate and transport of pesticides in the receiving waters. The Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP) commonly employs the SWRRB and PRZM models for runoff and EXAMS II, a fate and transport model, for surface waters. These three models are used in conjunction with appropriate databases for soils, chemical properties, and meteorological and other environmental parameters. Registrants are encouraged to clearly state assumptions, identify values for parameters by citation, report results of simulations with summary tables and graphics, and interpret their results in relation to current scientific disciplines. JF - Weed Technology AU - Zubkoff, P L AD - Off. Pestic. Prog. (H7507C), U.S. EPA, 401 M St., SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 743 EP - 748 VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 0890-037X, 0890-037X KW - chemical pollutants KW - chemicals KW - environmental impact KW - environmental legislation KW - federal regulations KW - government programs KW - regulations KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - simulation KW - soil erosion KW - hydrology KW - herbicides KW - legislation KW - surface water KW - mathematical models KW - runoff KW - leaching KW - pesticides KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - H SE5.2:DATA ANALYSIS KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16772796?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Weed+Technology&rft.atitle=The+use+of+runoff+and+surface+water+transport+and+fate+models+in+the+pesticide+registration+process&rft.au=Zubkoff%2C+P+L&rft.aulast=Zubkoff&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=743&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Weed+Technology&rft.issn=0890037X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hydrology; environmental impact; herbicides; surface water; legislation; mathematical models; simulation; chemical pollutants; runoff; pesticides; leaching; soil erosion; environmental legislation; chemicals; federal regulations; government programs; regulations; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - RBC kinetics in treating domestic and industrial dairy wastewater under low and high organic loading conditions. AN - 16596189; 3003524 AB - A full-scale, four-stage RBC (rotating biological contactors) plant, having parallel trains used to treat domestic and industrial dairy wastewater, failed to meet standard secondary effluent limits due to overloading in the two initial stages. The plant was first operated under normal loading; subsequently the load to the plant was increased in an incremental fashion by increasing the load from the dairy. This was done to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of supplemental aeration to eliminate oxygen-limiting conditions in the overloaded stages. An enlarged first stage was later created to lower the organic load to the initial stages by removing the wooden baffles between the first and second stages. Overall, RBC performance improved significantly with supplemental air and an enlarged first stage. The results also suggest that higher organic loadings and removals can be achieved in the presence of supplemental air due to the maintenance of higher dissolved oxygen levels in the mixed liquor. JF - WATER POLLUT. RES. J. CANADA. AU - Surampalli, R Y AU - Baumann, E R AD - Water Manage. Div., U.S. E.P.A., 726 Minnesota Ave., Kansas City, KS 66101, USA Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 665 EP - 691 VL - 27 IS - 4 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - wastewater treatment KW - dairies KW - organic matter KW - rotating biological contactors KW - aeration KW - kinetics KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16596189?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WATER+POLLUT.+RES.+J.+CANADA.&rft.atitle=RBC+kinetics+in+treating+domestic+and+industrial+dairy+wastewater+under+low+and+high+organic+loading+conditions.&rft.au=Surampalli%2C+R+Y%3BBaumann%2C+E+R&rft.aulast=Surampalli&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=665&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=WATER+POLLUT.+RES.+J.+CANADA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - wastewater treatment; rotating biological contactors; kinetics; dairies; aeration; organic matter ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Subacute ethanol consumption reverses p-xylene-induced decreases in axonal transport. AN - 16526441; 2958161 AB - Because of the possible modulation of xylene toxicity by ethanol consumption, the present group of studies characterizes the effect of ethanol on the p-xylene-induced decrease in axonal transport in the rat optic system previously reported by our laboratory. The xylene exposure group showed a significant reduction in axonal transport of proteins and glycoproteins, whereas the ethanol exposure alone produced no significant reductions in the transport of either proteins or glycoproteins. In the animals receiving both ethanol and xylene, however, the ethanol treatment prevented the decreased transport characteristic of the xylene only animals, i.e. in all areas of the optic projections the level of transport were similar to the level present in the control groups. These data suggest that the xylene-induced reduction in rapid axonal transport was reversed (or prevented) by subacute ethanol consumption. JF - Toxicology AU - Padilla, S AU - Lyerly, D L AU - Pope, C N AD - U.S. EPA, Health Eff. Res. Lab., Neurotoxicol. Div. (MD-74B), Cell. Mol. Toxicol. Branch, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 159 EP - 167 VL - 75 IS - 2 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - ethanol KW - effects on KW - rats KW - p-xylene KW - subacute KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - inhalation KW - axonal transport KW - retinal ganglion cells KW - ganglia KW - retina KW - N3 11104:Mammals (except primates) KW - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16526441?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Subacute+ethanol+consumption+reverses+p-xylene-induced+decreases+in+axonal+transport.&rft.au=Padilla%2C+S%3BLyerly%2C+D+L%3BPope%2C+C+N&rft.aulast=Padilla&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - axonal transport; retinal ganglion cells; inhalation; retina; ganglia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of the immunotoxic potential of the fungicide dinocap in mice. AN - 16513141; 2952075 AB - The immunotoxic potential of dinocap was evaluated in female C57BL/6J mice following in vivo and in vitro exposure to this fungicide. Twelve days of dosing with dinocap at 25 mg/kg per day resulted in decreased thymus weights and cellularity, and increased spleen weights. No changes were observed in body weight, absolute differential peripheral leukocyte counts, the lymphoproliferative responses to B- or T-cell mitogens, the mixed lymphocyte reaction, or natural killer (NK) cell activity of spleen cells from mice exposed to dinocap. Lymphoproliferative responses to concanavalin A (Con A) and phytohemagglutinin (PHA), however, were reduced in thymocytes from ice dosed at 25 mg/kg per day dinocap. The cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response to P815 mastocytoma cells was enhanced in mice exposed for 7 days to 25 mg/kg per day dinocap. Exposure of mice for 7 days to 25 mg/kg per day dinocap also caused a significant reduction in the IgM and IgG plaque-forming cell (PFC) response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC). JF - Toxicology AU - Smialowicz, R J AU - Luebke, R W AU - Riddle, M M AD - MD-92, Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 235 EP - 247 VL - 75 IS - 3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - dinocap KW - mice KW - Immunology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - immunoglobulin M KW - immunoglobulin G KW - fungicides KW - spleen KW - immunotoxicity KW - immunotoxins KW - thymus KW - F 06791:Experimental KW - X 24132:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16513141?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+the+immunotoxic+potential+of+the+fungicide+dinocap+in+mice.&rft.au=Smialowicz%2C+R+J%3BLuebke%2C+R+W%3BRiddle%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=Smialowicz&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2012-02-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - immunotoxicity; fungicides; thymus; spleen; immunoglobulin M; immunoglobulin G; immunotoxins ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid stabilization and mobilization of super(15)N in forest and range soils. AN - 16445312; 2916593 AB - Effects of physical protection of soil organic matter (SOM) on rates of nitrogen (N) mineralization and immobilization were studied in five soils of contrasting mineralogy and physical structure from North and Central America. Whole soils were exposed for 60 days to super(15)N NH sub(4)Cl, then separated into a heavy and a light density fraction ( less than or approximate to 1.70 Mg/m). Substantial super(15)N was incorporated into the denser (heavy) fraction of each soil during the 60-day exposure indicating that organo-mineral complexes can form quickly. Sonicated and unsonicated heavy fraction (HF) material was slurry incubated for 5 days. (The effect of sonication was used as an operational measure of the degree of physical protection). Most of the newly-formed organic N was non-labile. Some super(14)N and super(15)N were released into solution during the slurry incubation, mainly as dissolved organic N (DON). NH super(+) sub(4) was also released and was more highly labelled than the DON, suggesting that the NH super(+) sub(4) was derived from a more active pool. Sonication had no effect on release of super(14)NH super(+) sub(4) or super(15)NH super(+) sub(4) during the slurry incubation but markedly increased release of super(14)N and super(15)N as DON. Sonication increased the degree of labelling of the NH super(+) sub(4) and perhaps of the DON. These results suggest that some super(15)N was incorporated into the HFs as an active but protected ("active-protected") fraction. Only a small portion of this active-protected fraction was chloroform-labile suggesting that it was not microbial biomass. JF - Soil Biology and Biochemistry AU - Strickland, T C AU - Sollins, P AU - Rudd, N AU - Schimel, D S AD - ManTech Environmental Technol. Inc., c/o U.S. EPA, 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 849 EP - 855 VL - 24 IS - 9 SN - 0038-0717, 0038-0717 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - nitrogen cycle KW - soil microorganisms KW - mineralization KW - immobilization KW - A 01051:Nitrogen cycle KW - D 04600:Soil UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16445312?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Biology+and+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Rapid+stabilization+and+mobilization+of+super%2815%29N+in+forest+and+range+soils.&rft.au=Strickland%2C+T+C%3BSollins%2C+P%3BRudd%2C+N%3BSchimel%2C+D+S&rft.aulast=Strickland&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=849&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Biology+and+Biochemistry&rft.issn=00380717&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2012-02-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - nitrogen cycle; soil microorganisms; mineralization; immobilization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differences between rats and mice in the immunosuppressive activity of 2-methoxyethanol and 2-methoxyacetic acid. AN - 16439835; 2913780 AB - Previous studies from this laboratory have demonstrated that 2-methoxyethanol (ME) and its principal metabolite 2-methoxyacetic acid (MAA) are immunosuppressive in young adult male Fischer 344 rats. In the present study, the immunosuppressive potential of ME and MAA was evaluated in young adult female Fischer 344 rats and C57BL/6J mice. Rats dosed at 100-400 mg/kg/day ME and rats dosed at 50-400 mg/kg/day MAA had decreased thymus weights in the absence of decreased body or spleen weights. Lymphoproliferative (LP) responses to concanavalin A (Con A), phytohemagglutinin (PHA), pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and Salmonella typhimurium mitogen (STM) were all reduced in rats treated with all dosages of ME. Rats treated with MAA displayed similar reductions in these LP responses except that the responses to PWM and STM in rats dosed at 50 mg/kg/day were not reduced. In contrast to the effects of ME and MAA on these end points in the rat, no thymic involution or suppression of LP response were observed in mice dosed at 50-400 mg/kg/day. JF - Toxicology AU - Smialowicz, R J AU - Riddle, M M AU - Williams, W C AU - Copeland, C B AU - Luebke, R W AU - Andrews, D L AD - MD-92 Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 57 EP - 67 VL - 74 IS - 1 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - methyl cellosolve KW - 2-methoxyacetic acid KW - rats KW - Immunology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - immunosuppression KW - F 06791:Experimental KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16439835?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Differences+between+rats+and+mice+in+the+immunosuppressive+activity+of+2-methoxyethanol+and+2-methoxyacetic+acid.&rft.au=Smialowicz%2C+R+J%3BRiddle%2C+M+M%3BWilliams%2C+W+C%3BCopeland%2C+C+B%3BLuebke%2C+R+W%3BAndrews%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Smialowicz&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2012-02-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - immunosuppression ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of mixtures and other environmental modifying factors on the toxicities of surfactants to freshwater and marine life. AN - 16367094; 2857155 AB - The effects of several environmental modifying factors on surfactant toxicity have been reported in the scientific literature during the past 40 years. The results from 58 reports describing, among other factors, the effects of mixtures, hardness and temperature are summarized in this report. The most common test compound used in the reviewed studies was the anionic linear alkylbenzene sulfonate. Most tests have been conducted in the laboratory with single species of freshwater fish, but a few studies have been conducted in ponds, lakes and rivers with natural biotic assemblages. Of the 58 reports reviewed, those describing the toxicities of mixtures containing surfactants are the most numerous (n = 32). The impact of the presence of pesticides and metals on surfactant toxicity has been unpredictable but oil-surfactant mixtures are usually more toxic than expected. Increasing water hardness and temperature increases surfactant toxicity in some cases but the outcome has been compound and species-species. The presence of suspended solids and naturally occurring dissolved substances decreases the bioavailability of cationic surfactants but not that of anionic and nonionic surfactants. The impact of other chemical and physical modifying factors on surfactant toxicity are too poorly understood to generalize. Data are necessary if environmental hazard assessments for most surfactants are to go beyond their current simplification and be more effective in predicting ecological risk. JF - Water Research AU - Lewis, MA AD - US EPA, Sabine Island, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561-5299, USA Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 1013 EP - 1023 VL - 26 IS - 8 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - environmental factors KW - linear alkylbenzene sulfonate KW - literature reviews KW - mixtures KW - reviews KW - temperature KW - temperature effects KW - water hardness KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - oil KW - toxicity KW - pollution effects KW - water pollution KW - aquatic organisms KW - metals KW - surfactants KW - pesticides KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - X 24250:Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16367094?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+mixtures+and+other+environmental+modifying+factors+on+the+toxicities+of+surfactants+to+freshwater+and+marine+life.&rft.au=Lewis%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1013&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental factors; water hardness; literature reviews; temperature; oil; aquatic organisms; toxicity; metals; surfactants; temperature effects; pollution effects; pesticides; water pollution; reviews ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Breakage and binding of DNA by reaction products of hypochlorous acid with aniline, 1-naphthylamine, or 1-naphthol. AN - 16325772; 2839358 AB - Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is a chemically reactive oxidant and a potent microbicidal agent that is synthesized in phagosomes of inflammatory neutrophils and released into extracellular spaces. Besides reducing pathogenicity by reacting with phagocytized infectious agents, HOCl may damage tissues and yield toxic products upon reaction with various other molecules, including xenobiotics. As model xenobiotics, the substituted aryl compounds aniline, 1-naphthylamine, and 1-naphthol (1-NOH) were investigated herein for their potential to react with HOCl and be transformed into genotoxic products. The results show that certain aryl compounds can react readily with approximated physiological levels of HOCl ( super(-)OCl) to form relatively long-lived products that bind DNA and are genotoxic to human cells. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Kozumbo, W J AU - Agarwal, S AU - Koren, H S AD - U.S. EPA, OPP/HED/TOX II, 401 M St., SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 107 EP - 115 VL - 115 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - hypochlorous acid KW - aniline KW - 1-naphthylamine KW - 1-naphthol KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Toxicology Abstracts KW - genotoxicity KW - damage KW - DNA KW - products KW - N 14630:Chemical reactions & interactions, including effects of radiation KW - X 24155:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16325772?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Breakage+and+binding+of+DNA+by+reaction+products+of+hypochlorous+acid+with+aniline%2C+1-naphthylamine%2C+or+1-naphthol.&rft.au=Kozumbo%2C+W+J%3BAgarwal%2C+S%3BKoren%2C+H+S&rft.aulast=Kozumbo&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=115&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - products; genotoxicity; DNA; damage ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Calculating the benefits of pollution prevention. AN - 16292881; 2814909 AB - Pollution prevention may result in significant savings in indirect costs. JF - Pollution Engineering AU - Spitzer, MA AD - EPA's Pollut. Prev. Div. Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 33 EP - 42 VL - 24 IS - 15 SN - 0032-3640, 0032-3640 KW - capital investment KW - cost benefit analysis KW - industrial pollutants KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - environmental protection KW - conservation KW - economics KW - pollution control KW - H SE3.15:ACCIDENT AND COUNTERMEASURE COSTS KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16292881?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pollution+Engineering&rft.atitle=Calculating+the+benefits+of+pollution+prevention.&rft.au=Spitzer%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Spitzer&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pollution+Engineering&rft.issn=00323640&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pollution control; economics; environmental protection; conservation ER - TY - CONF T1 - An approach to assessment of management impacts on agricultural soil carbon. AN - 16283343; 2805971 AB - Agroecosystems contain about 12% of the terrestrial soil C and play an important role in the global C cycle. We describe a project to evaluate the degree to which management practices can affect soil C in agroecosystems. The objectives of the project are to determine if agricultural systems can be managed to conserve and sequester C and thereby reduce the accumulation of CO sub(2) in the atmosphere, and to provide reference datasets and methodologies for agricultural assessments. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Barnwell, TO Jr AU - Jackson, RB IV AU - Elliott, E T AU - Burke, I C AU - Cole, C V AU - Paustian, K AU - Paul, E A AU - Donigian, A S AU - Patwardhan, A S Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 423 EP - 435 VL - 64 IS - 1-2 KW - agricultural practices KW - evaluation KW - soils KW - agroecosystems KW - environmental management KW - carbon KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - ecosystems KW - environmental impact KW - agriculture KW - carbon cycle KW - management KW - soil KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - H SE2.1:BASIC APPROACHES, CONCEPTS, AND THEORY KW - D 04600:Soil UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16283343?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=An+approach+to+assessment+of+management+impacts+on+agricultural+soil+carbon.&rft.au=Barnwell%2C+TO+Jr%3BJackson%2C+RB+IV%3BElliott%2C+E+T%3BBurke%2C+I+C%3BCole%2C+C+V%3BPaustian%2C+K%3BPaul%2C+E+A%3BDonigian%2C+A+S%3BPatwardhan%2C+A+S&rft.aulast=Barnwell&rft.aufirst=TO&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=423&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: Natural sinks of CO sub(2). N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - ANSI/ASQC E4: A unified management standard for quality assurance of environmental programs. AN - 16237973; 2768268 AB - The need for a national consensus standard for quality assurance (QA) for environmental programs emerged from efforts to clean up sites contaminated by hazardous chemical and/or radioactive wastes. The waste management community has been using several different standards or sets of requirements for establishing the QA and quality control (QC) procedures for use during the cleanup of contaminated sites. The occurrence of multiple QA/QC requirements has resulted in costly and time-consuming duplication of effort. In addition, the perception of inconsistent and often conflicting requirements has created confusion and frustration. The need for a single set of QA/AC criteria to bring order and consistency to the application of QA in the environmental waste management area became increasingly clear, and led to the development of ANSI/ASQC E4, which may be approved and issued by this year. JF - Total Quality Environmental Management AU - Johnson, G L AD - U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 347 EP - 354 VL - 1 IS - 4 SN - 1055-7571, 1055-7571 KW - national standards KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - waste management KW - quality control KW - hazardous wastes KW - federal regulations KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - H SE3.5:STANDARDS, LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND POLICY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16237973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Total+Quality+Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=ANSI%2FASQC+E4%3A+A+unified+management+standard+for+quality+assurance+of+environmental+programs.&rft.au=Johnson%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=347&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Total+Quality+Environmental+Management&rft.issn=10557571&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - waste management; hazardous wastes; federal regulations; quality control ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of bile salt infusion on chlorpromazine-induced cholestasis in the isolated perfused rat liver. AN - 16233167; 2758422 AB - The present study was demonstrated that tauroursodeoxycholate (TUDC), but not taurocholate, can reverse chlorpromazine (CPZ)-induced cholestasis in the isolated perfused rat liver. At an infusion rate of 1.5 mu mol/min, TUDC led to restoration of bile flow in the perfused rat liver made cholestatic by the addition of 250 mu M CPZ. This reversal was accompanied by an increased excretion of CPZ and its metabolites. A higher infusion rate of 5.0 mu mol TUDC/min, however, led to only a transient increase in bile flow and to no increase in CPZ excretion. In contrast to the effects of TUDC, infusion of taurocholate led to an exacerbation of CPZ-induced cholestasis. The differences in the efficacy of the two bile salts may be due to their relative detergent (hydrophobic) properties. JF - Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine AU - Utili, R AU - Tripodi, M F AU - Abernathy, C O AU - Zimmerman, HJ AU - Gillespie, J AD - Human Risk Assess. Branch (WH-586), Off. Water, U.S. EPA, 401 M. St., SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 49 EP - 53 VL - 199 IS - 1 SN - 0037-9727, 0037-9727 KW - chlorpromazine KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - cholestasis KW - bile KW - induction KW - salts KW - X 24117:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16233167?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Society+for+Experimental+Biology+and+Medicine&rft.atitle=Effects+of+bile+salt+infusion+on+chlorpromazine-induced+cholestasis+in+the+isolated+perfused+rat+liver.&rft.au=Utili%2C+R%3BTripodi%2C+M+F%3BAbernathy%2C+C+O%3BZimmerman%2C+HJ%3BGillespie%2C+J&rft.aulast=Utili&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=199&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Society+for+Experimental+Biology+and+Medicine&rft.issn=00379727&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cholestasis; induction; bile; salts ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of the fungicide carbendazim as a model compound to determine the impact of acute chemical exposure during oocyte maturation and fertilization on pregnancy outcome in the hamster. AN - 16233136; 2772984 AB - Here we use a hamster animal model to identify early pregnancy loss due to an acute chemical exposure to the female during the perifertilization interval. The fungicide carbendazim (methyl 1H-benzimidazole-2-carbamate), a microtubule poison with antimitotic activity, was selected as a model compound because it would be expected to perturb microtubule-dependent events occurring in the oocyte during meiotic maturation and fertilization. Such effects would likely lead to aneuploidy in the zygote with subsequent early pregnancy loss. Female hamsters were given a single oral dose of carbendazim during meiosis I (the afternoon of proestrus) prior to breeding, or during meiosis II (the morning of estrus) following overnight breeding. Pregnancy outcome was assessed on Day 15 (the afternoon before parturition). When given during meiosis I, carbendazim treatment (750 or 1000 mg/kg body weight) significantly reduced the percentage of pregnant hamsters. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Perreault, S D AU - Jeffay, S AU - Poss, P AU - Laskey, J W AD - Reprod. Toxicol. Branch, Health Effects Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 225 EP - 231 VL - 114 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - carbendazim KW - hamsters KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - fertilization KW - pregnancy KW - oocytes KW - fungicides KW - maturation KW - X 24131:Acute exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16233136?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Use+of+the+fungicide+carbendazim+as+a+model+compound+to+determine+the+impact+of+acute+chemical+exposure+during+oocyte+maturation+and+fertilization+on+pregnancy+outcome+in+the+hamster.&rft.au=Perreault%2C+S+D%3BJeffay%2C+S%3BPoss%2C+P%3BLaskey%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Perreault&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - oocytes; maturation; fertilization; pregnancy; fungicides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Drug-induced cholestasis in the perfused rat liver and its reversal by tauroursodeoxycholate: An ultrastructural study. AN - 16227470; 2758091 AB - Chlorpromazine at a concentration of 250 mu M and estradiol-17 beta -D-glucuronide at 17.5 mu M on infusion led to a sharp reduction in bile flow by the in vitro perfused rat liver. This was accompanied by fragmentation and a loss of canalicular microvilli, dilatation of canaliculi, and thickening of pericanalicular ectoplasm. Less prominent were the smooth endoplasmic reticulum dilatation, lysosomal lamination, and the appearance of amorphous bile in hepatocyte cytoplasm. The bile flow and electron microscopy appearance were restored to normal by infusion of tauroursodeoxycholate in a concentration of 5 mu mol/min for the estradiol-17 beta -D-glucuronide-induced cholestasis and 1.5 mu mol/min for the chlorpromazine-induced cholestasis. Changes in ultrastructure paralleled changes in bile flow. These observations demonstrate the feasibility of electron microscopy studies on the perfused liver, and the rapidity with which cholestatic changes appear. JF - Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine AU - Abernathy, C O AU - Zimmerman, HJ AU - Ishak, K G AU - Utili, R AU - Gillespie, J AD - Human Risk Assess. Branch (WH-586), Office Water, U.S. EPA, 401 M St. S.W., Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 54 EP - 58 VL - 199 IS - 1 SN - 0037-9727, 0037-9727 KW - chlorpromazine KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - ultrastructure KW - cholestasis KW - bile KW - induction KW - liver KW - X 24117:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16227470?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Society+for+Experimental+Biology+and+Medicine&rft.atitle=Drug-induced+cholestasis+in+the+perfused+rat+liver+and+its+reversal+by+tauroursodeoxycholate%3A+An+ultrastructural+study.&rft.au=Abernathy%2C+C+O%3BZimmerman%2C+HJ%3BIshak%2C+K+G%3BUtili%2C+R%3BGillespie%2C+J&rft.aulast=Abernathy&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=199&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=54&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Society+for+Experimental+Biology+and+Medicine&rft.issn=00379727&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cholestasis; induction; bile; ultrastructure; liver ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distribution and expected time of residence for U.S. households. AN - 16195380; 2725274 AB - For risk assessments, the average current residence time (time since moving into current residence) has often been used as a surrogate for the average total residence time (time between moving into and out of a residence). Since the distributions of the two quantities are not necessarily the same, neither are their averages. Housing surveys provide current residence time data; total residence times must, therefore, be inferred. By modeling the moving process, the total residence time distribution can be estimated from current residence time data. Using 1985 and 1987 U.S. housing survey data, distributions and averages for both current and total residence times were calculated for several housing categories. The average total residence time calculated for all U.S. households, 4.6 (se = 0.6) years, is less than half the average current residence time, 10.6 (se = 0.1) years. JF - Risk Analysis AU - Israeli, M AU - Nelson, C B AD - Bioeff. Anal. Branch, Off. Radiat. Programs, U.S. EPA, 401 M St. SW, Washington, D.C. 20460, USA Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 65 EP - 72 VL - 12 IS - 1 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - residence time KW - United States KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - data collection KW - housing KW - mathematical models KW - surveys KW - H SE1.2:DATA ANALYSIS KW - R2 23010:General: Models, forecasting UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16195380?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Distribution+and+expected+time+of+residence+for+U.S.+households.&rft.au=Israeli%2C+M%3BNelson%2C+C+B&rft.aulast=Israeli&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - housing; surveys; data collection; mathematical models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ozonation/post-chlorination of humic acid: A model for predicting drinking water disinfection by-products. AN - 16162648; 2702630 AB - Experiments were performed to evaluate disinfection by-products in model humic acid solutions which were ozonated at three different ozone to carbon levels and then chlorinated. These experiments were conducted in order to help understand whether the ozone/post-chlorination process alters the amount and type of mutagenic by products formed, from those produced by chlorination of humic acid alone. Disinfection by-products were identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Samples of clarified and sand-filtered Mississippi River water at a pilot-scale drinking water treatment plant in Jefferson Parish, Louisiana, that were ozonated and post-disinfected with chlorine, also were analyzed by GC/MS. A comparison of the by-products in the pilot plant study versus those in our laboratory study showed that similar compounds were produced. The effect of bromide ion in the pilot plant water on by-product formation also is discussed. JF - Ozone: Science & Engineering AU - Coleman, W E AU - Munch, J W AU - Ringhand, H P AU - Kaylor, W H AU - Mitchell, DE AD - U.S. EPA, Health Eff. Res. Lab., Environ. Toxicol. Div., Anal. Stud. Branch, 26 W. Martin Luther King, Jr. Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 51 EP - 69 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 0191-9512, 0191-9512 KW - ozonation KW - humic acid KW - by products KW - potable water KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - gas chromatography KW - disinfection KW - chlorination KW - mass spectroscopy KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16162648?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ozone%3A+Science+%26+Engineering&rft.atitle=Ozonation%2Fpost-chlorination+of+humic+acid%3A+A+model+for+predicting+drinking+water+disinfection+by-products.&rft.au=Coleman%2C+W+E%3BMunch%2C+J+W%3BRinghand%2C+H+P%3BKaylor%2C+W+H%3BMitchell%2C+DE&rft.aulast=Coleman&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ozone%3A+Science+%26+Engineering&rft.issn=01919512&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - disinfection; gas chromatography; mass spectroscopy; chlorination ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pollution prevention and Superfund. AN - 16149720; 2698070 AB - Pollution prevention is the preferred approach of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for reducing risk. The Agency is committed to advancing pollution prevention through all of its programs, but there has been little discussion of how the Agency's Superfund program can promote prevention. The connection between cleaning up sites that are already contaminated, and preventing pollution in the first place is not obvious, but there are a number of interesting connections between apparently disparate approaches to environmental protection. It is easy to recognize the advantages of prevention over cleanup for addressing environmental problems. It is equally important to recognize that, while Superfund efforts are focused on cleaning up waste sites, the Superfund liability standards are also a powerful incentive for prevention. JF - Pollution Engineering AU - Cross, J AD - EPA Pollut. Prev. Div. Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 49 EP - 51 VL - 24 IS - 3 SN - 0032-3640, 0032-3640 KW - Superfund KW - environmental management KW - Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - disposal sites KW - pollution control KW - R2 23090:Policy and planning KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16149720?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pollution+Engineering&rft.atitle=Pollution+prevention+and+Superfund.&rft.au=Cross%2C+J&rft.aulast=Cross&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pollution+Engineering&rft.issn=00323640&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pollution control; disposal sites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of inhaled methanol on pituitary and testicular hormones in chamber acclimated and non-acclimated rats. AN - 16145154; 2688211 AB - Two experiments were conducted in which the acute effects of inhaled methanol on serum hormones associated with reproductive function in the male rat were evaluated. The results demonstrate that while acute exposure to methanol (5000 ppm) can cause significant alterations in serum hormones, the direction and magnitude of the changes are dependent on whether or not the animal has been acclimated to the test situation. JF - Toxicology AU - Cooper, R L AU - Mole, M L AU - Rehnberg, G L AU - Goldman, J M AU - McElroy, W K AU - Hein, J AU - Stoker, TE AD - MD-72, Reprod. Toxicol. Branch, Dev. Toxicol. Div., Health Eff. Res. Lab., US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 69 EP - 81 VL - 71 IS - 1-2 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - methanol KW - effects on KW - pituitary gland KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - testes KW - hormones KW - X 24155:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16145154?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+inhaled+methanol+on+pituitary+and+testicular+hormones+in+chamber+acclimated+and+non-acclimated+rats.&rft.au=Cooper%2C+R+L%3BMole%2C+M+L%3BRehnberg%2C+G+L%3BGoldman%2C+J+M%3BMcElroy%2C+W+K%3BHein%2C+J%3BStoker%2C+TE&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hormones; testes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical accident prevention under the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. AN - 16142983; 2692284 AB - The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 enacted recently contain provisions for the prevention of chemical accidents under Title III--Hazardous Air Pollutants. Some of these provisions include: a general duty clause, preparation of a list of substances and thresholds, requirements for the preparation of risk management plans by industry, specific accident prevention regulations, establishment of a Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board, and requirements for the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) to promulgate a process safety management standard. These provisions, approaches with respect to process safety management by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and coordination with OSHA will be discussed. JF - PLANT/OPER. PROG. AU - Matthiessen, R C AD - U.S. EPA, 401 M St. S.W. (OS-120), Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 99 EP - 101 VL - 11 IS - 2 KW - Clean Air Act KW - air pollutants KW - environmental management KW - Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - accidents KW - chemicals KW - R2 23090:Policy and planning KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16142983?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLANT%2FOPER.+PROG.&rft.atitle=Chemical+accident+prevention+under+the+Clean+Air+Act+Amendments+of+1990.&rft.au=Matthiessen%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Matthiessen&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=PLANT%2FOPER.+PROG.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accidents; chemicals ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Virus removal and recovery in the drinking water treatment train AN - 13714385; 199202309 AB - Analysis of water samples collected sequentially from 4 sites from source to finished water in a full-scale water treatment system indicated removal of 98 and 93 per cent turbidity and suspended solids, respectively. Enterococcus and Clostridium perfringens were reduced rapidly after sedimentation and sand-filtration but coliform and heterotrophic bacteria penetrated through the sand-filtration point. In virus seeding experiments with 4 matched water samples, recovery efficiencies of 40-68 per cent for an enterovirus and 4-12 per cent for 2 coliphages were achieved. Analysis of variance results indicated no difference in recovery efficiency among samples from different treatment stages. There was a statistically significant inverse correlation for the recovery of a seeded coliphage with water temperature. The performance of virus detection methods employed to monitor water treatment processes should be assessed by preliminary tests. JF - Water Research AU - Stetler, R E AU - Waltrip, S C AU - Hurst, C J AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 727 EP - 731 VL - 26 IS - 6 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - Reduction KW - Viruses (-general-) (see also individ grps below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13714385?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research&rft.atitle=Virus+removal+and+recovery+in+the+drinking+water+treatment+train&rft.au=Stetler%2C+R+E%3BWaltrip%2C+S+C%3BHurst%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Stetler&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=727&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The water industry - threats and opportunities AN - 13714225; 199202418 AB - An address given by I. Byatt, Director-General of the Office of Water Services (Ofwat) to the Pipeline Industries Guild, London, 8 October 1991, is reported. Opportunities offered by privatization and proposed new investment are discussed particularly in relation to Ofwat's role of promoting economy and efficiency. This included monitoring companies' investment programmes and the improvements being generated by that investment. A price limit review would be carried out during 1994 to determine new limits for application after April 1995, which involved a reassessment of all aspects of performance. Changes taking place in pipelaying in the water and sewerage industry are examined together with options for water charging. Facilities being planned for making inset appointments for greenfield sites are also considered. Implications of new legislation on the pipeline industry are briefly examined. JF - Pipes & Pipelines International AU - Byatt, ICR AD - Office of Water Services, Birmingham Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 15 EP - 17 VL - 37 IS - 2 KW - Office of water services KW - Ofwat KW - Pipeline industries guild KW - Pipeline industry KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13714225?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pipes+%26+Pipelines+International&rft.atitle=The+water+industry+-+threats+and+opportunities&rft.au=Byatt%2C+ICR&rft.aulast=Byatt&rft.aufirst=ICR&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pipes+%26+Pipelines+International&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: General. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparison of methods for collecting interstitial water for trace organic compounds and metals analyses AN - 13712640; 199202843 AB - Results are given from a study on the possible bias introduced into chemical analysis of interstitial water by exposure to different types of material and on possible errors in 5 commonly used methods for collecting interstitial water. Most hardware materials (stainless steel and Teflon centrifuge tubes, glass fibre and Nuclepore filters, cellulose dialysis membranes and fritted glass tubes) had no significant effect on the concentrations of metals (cadmium, chromium, copper and lead) but most of the materials tested caused up to 79 per cent loss of the organic compounds, fluoranthene and DDE. All the collection methods tested (centrifuging, centrifugal drainage or basal cup, squeezing, vacuum filtration and dialysis) showed high variability for metals. Centrifuging gave the most accurate and precise results for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls. Further studies to develop standardized methods for collection of interstitial water are recommended. There are 30 references. JF - Water Research AU - Schults, D W AU - Ferraro, S P AU - Smith, L M AU - Roberts, F A AU - Poindexter, C K AD - U.S. EPA, Newport, Ore. Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 989 EP - 995 VL - 26 IS - 7 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - Analysis KW - Filters (see also packed columns, groups below) KW - Fluoranthene KW - Pb KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13712640?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research&rft.atitle=A+comparison+of+methods+for+collecting+interstitial+water+for+trace+organic+compounds+and+metals+analyses&rft.au=Schults%2C+D+W%3BFerraro%2C+S+P%3BSmith%2C+L+M%3BRoberts%2C+F+A%3BPoindexter%2C+C+K&rft.aulast=Schults&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=989&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Searching for a water supply connection in the Cabool, Missouri disease outbreak of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 AN - 13711208; 199203567 AB - A disease outbreak resulting in 4 deaths, 32 hospitalizations and a total of 243 documented cases of diarrhoea was linked epidemiologically and by on-site data gathering supported by the use of a distribution system model to the public water supply. The pathogenic agent, Escherichia coli serotype 0157:H7, was isolated from patients' faeces in tests conducted by the Centers for Disease Control. Illness was restricted to people using public water supply. Untreated groundwater quality was not a factor but some disturbances in the distribution system, possibly 43 water meter replacements and 2l line breaks, might have allowed contaminants to enter the water supply. This was the first time a distribution system model had been used to show that the pattern of illness occurrences in a waterborne outbreak study could be related to water movement patterns in the distribution network. JF - Water Research AU - Geldreich, EE AU - Fox, K R AU - Goodrich, MA AU - Rice, E W AU - Clark, R M AU - Swerdlow, D AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 1127 EP - 1137 VL - 26 IS - 8 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - Diseases (see also individual groups below) KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Waterborne KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13711208?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research&rft.atitle=Searching+for+a+water+supply+connection+in+the+Cabool%2C+Missouri+disease+outbreak+of+Escherichia+coli+0157%3AH7&rft.au=Geldreich%2C+EE%3BFox%2C+K+R%3BGoodrich%2C+MA%3BRice%2C+E+W%3BClark%2C+R+M%3BSwerdlow%2C+D&rft.aulast=Geldreich&rft.aufirst=EE&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uranium removed by ion exchange AN - 13709237; 199203988 AB - The U.S. EPA drinking water research division monitored the uranium concentrations in brine waste from an anion exchange water treatment plant in Arrowbear lake, Calif. The anion exchange system was initially installed to remove uranium from groundwater to meet the state's limit of 40 pCi per litre. It consisted of 2 ion exchange vessels operating in parallel. The anion resin was in the chloride form and was regenerated with a salt solution. Regeneration consisted of 4 steps: backwash, brining, slow rinse and fast rinse. The regeneration process was changed by reducing the brine step from 42 to 16 minutes and the slow rinse from 123 to 75 minutes. These changes reduced the wastewater brine by 45-50 per cent. Following the study it was decided to treat 30,000,000-34,000,000 litres of water by each ion exchange bed between regenerations. JF - Water Environment & Technology AU - Sorg, T J AU - Lytle, DA AD - U.S. EPA Risk and Reduction Engineering Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 14 EP - 14,101 VL - 4 IS - 8 SN - 1044-9493, 1044-9493 KW - Paterson candy international ltd KW - Reduction KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13709237?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Uranium+removed+by+ion+exchange&rft.au=Sorg%2C+T+J%3BLytle%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Sorg&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.issn=10449493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of predictive structure-biodegradation relationship models with the use of respirometrically generated biokinetic data AN - 13705747; S199344859 AB - Experimental data on biodegradation of 27 organic compounds of different classes, determined by electrolytic respirometry, were analysed and used to predict first-order and Monod kinetic rate constants. The group contribution approach used to predict the Monod rate constants, and hence the extent of degradation, followed the trends reported in the literature for different groups of compounds. The Monod constants predicted for 30 compounds by the group contribution method are tabulated. There are 41 references. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Tabak, H H AU - Gao, C AU - Desai, S AU - Govind, R AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 763 EP - 772 VL - 26 IS - 3/4 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - Analysis KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13705747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Development+of+predictive+structure-biodegradation+relationship+models+with+the+use+of+respirometrically+generated+biokinetic+data&rft.au=Tabak%2C+H+H%3BGao%2C+C%3BDesai%2C+S%3BGovind%2C+R&rft.aulast=Tabak&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=3%2F4&rft.spage=763&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ordination of profundal zoobenthos along a trace metal pollution gradient in northern Sweden AN - 13703363; 199300899 AB - Profundal macroinvertebrates and sediment trace metals were monitored in 12 lakes situated within a radius of 80 km from the Ronnskar smelter in northern Sweden. Correlations were established between trace metal contamination and distance from the smelter and between contamination and lake surface area. A metal pollution gradient was established in terms of a contamination factor, consisting of the sum of the concentrations of mercury, lead, cadmium, copper and arsenic, corrected for pre-industrial levels. Canonical correspondence analysis was used to order profundal macroinvertebrate communities in relation to trace metal contamination. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Johnson, R K AU - Eriksson, L AU - Wiederholm, T AD - Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Uppsala Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 339 EP - 351 VL - 65 IS - 3/4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Analysis KW - Animals (invertebrates) (see also individ groups) KW - Pb KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - Profundal KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13703363?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Ordination+of+profundal+zoobenthos+along+a+trace+metal+pollution+gradient+in+northern+Sweden&rft.au=Johnson%2C+R+K%3BEriksson%2C+L%3BWiederholm%2C+T&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=3%2F4&rft.spage=339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strategy for data analysis in environmental surveys emphasizing the index of biotic similarity and BIOSIM1 AN - 13703205; S199345086 AB - In 1976 the index of biotic similarity, was proposed as a method for determining the impact of pollution on communities. Improvements to the index are proposed. A computer program, BIOSIM1, was developed to automate many of the procedures. A strategy for analysing data using BIOSIM1 is described. The appropriate options for analysing data for different ecological conditions are discussed. JF - Water Environment Research AU - Pearson, J G AU - Pinkham, CFA AD - U.S. EPA, Las Vegas, Nev. Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 901 EP - 909 VL - 64 IS - 7 SN - 0161-4303, 0161-4303 KW - Analysis KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13703205?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Environment+Research&rft.atitle=Strategy+for+data+analysis+in+environmental+surveys+emphasizing+the+index+of+biotic+similarity+and+BIOSIM1&rft.au=Pearson%2C+J+G%3BPinkham%2C+CFA&rft.aulast=Pearson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=901&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Environment+Research&rft.issn=01614303&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Theoretical. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting blood lead concentrations from environmental concentrations AN - 13693941; S199445452 AB - A method by which blood lead concentrations can be estimated from environmental concentrations using a multipathway analysis is presented and compared with the U.S. EPA's Lead Biokinetic/Uptake model, Lead 5. For the ingestion and dermal uptake pathways the incremental increase in blood lead concentration is estimated as the product of the concentration in the relevant medium, a medium-specific contact rate, and an empirically determined ratio between intake and blood level. The inhalation pathway omits contact rate and uses a ratio between concentration in blood and in air. The U.S. EPA model does not incorporate a dermal uptake pathway. The 2 models respond similarly to varying lead levels in diet, soil and drinking water and do not differ much in their predictions of blood lead concentrations for the inputs compared. JF - Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology AU - Carlisle, J C AU - Wade, MJ AD - California Environmental Protection Agency, Sacramento Y1 - 1992 PY - 1992 DA - 1992 SP - 280 EP - 289 VL - 16 IS - 3 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Analysis KW - Media KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Pb KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13693941?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+Toxicology+and+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Predicting+blood+lead+concentrations+from+environmental+concentrations&rft.au=Carlisle%2C+J+C%3BWade%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Carlisle&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1992-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=280&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+Toxicology+and+Pharmacology&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER -