TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental technologies at the nanoscale. AN - 73157911; 12666906 JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Masciangioli, Tina AU - Zhang, Wei-Xian AD - National Center for Environmental Research, US EPA, Washington, DC, USA. Y1 - 2003/03/01/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Mar 01 SP - 102A EP - 108A VL - 37 IS - 5 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Index Medicus KW - Engineering KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Nanotechnology -- methods KW - Nanotechnology -- trends KW - Conservation of Natural Resources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73157911?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Environmental+technologies+at+the+nanoscale.&rft.au=Masciangioli%2C+Tina%3BZhang%2C+Wei-Xian&rft.aulast=Masciangioli&rft.aufirst=Tina&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=102A&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-06-10 N1 - Date created - 2003-04-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Source apportionment of Phoenix PM2.5 aerosol with the Unmix receptor model. AN - 73139418; 12661691 AB - The multivariate receptor model Unmix has been used to analyze a 3-yr PM2.5 ambient aerosol data set collected in Phoenix, AZ, beginning in 1995. The analysis generated source profiles and overall average percentage source contribution estimates (SCEs) for five source categories:gasoline engines (33 +/- 4%), diesel engines (16 +/- 2%), secondary SO4(2-) (19 +/- 2%), crustal/soil (22 +/- 2%), and vegetative burning (10 +/- 2%). The Unmix analysis was supplemented with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of a limited number of filter samples for information on possible additional low-strength sources. Except for the diesel engine source category, the Unmix SCEs were generally consistent with an earlier multivariate receptor analysis of essentially the same data using the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model. This article provides the first demonstration for an urban area of the capability of the Unmix receptor model. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995) AU - Lewis, Charles W AU - Norris, Gary A AU - Conner, Teri L AU - Henry, Ronald C AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. lewis.charlesw@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 325 EP - 338 VL - 53 IS - 3 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Aerosols KW - 0 KW - Air Pollutants KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - Index Medicus KW - Particle Size KW - Vehicle Emissions -- analysis KW - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73139418?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.atitle=Source+apportionment+of+Phoenix+PM2.5+aerosol+with+the+Unmix+receptor+model.&rft.au=Lewis%2C+Charles+W%3BNorris%2C+Gary+A%3BConner%2C+Teri+L%3BHenry%2C+Ronald+C&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-15 N1 - Date created - 2003-03-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimates of cloud water deposition at Mountain Acid Deposition Program sites in the Appalachian Mountains. AN - 73132826; 12661689 AB - Cloud water deposition was estimated at three high-elevation sites in the Appalachian Mountains of the eastern United States (Whiteface Mountain, NY; Whitetop Mountain, VA; and Clingman's Dome, TN) from 1994 through 1999 as part of the Mountain Acid Deposition Program (MADPro). This paper provides a summary of cloud water chemistry, cloud liquid water content, cloud frequency, estimates of cloud water deposition of sulfur and nitrogen species, and estimates of total deposition of sulfur and nitrogen at these sites. Other cloud studies in the Appalachians and their comparison to MADPro are also summarized. Whiteface Mountain exhibited the lowest mean and median concentrations of sulfur and nitrogen ions in cloud water, while Clingman's Dome exhibited the highest mean and median concentrations. This geographic gradient is partly an effect of the different meteorological conditions experienced at northern versus southern sites in addition to the difference in pollution content of air masses reaching the sites. All sites measured seasonal cloud water deposition rates of SO4(2-) greater than 50 kg/ha and NO3(-) rates of greater than 25 kg/ha. These high-elevation sites experienced additional deposition loading of SO4(2-) and NO3(-) on the order of 6-20 times greater compared with lower elevation Clean Air Status and Trends Network (CASTNet) sites. Approximately 80-90% of this extra loading is from cloud deposition. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995) AU - Baumgardner, Ralph E AU - Isil, Selma S AU - Lavery, Thomas F AU - Rogers, Christopher M AU - Mohnen, Volker A AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. baumgardner.ralph@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 291 EP - 308 VL - 53 IS - 3 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Acid Rain KW - 0 KW - Air Pollutants KW - Nitrates KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Sulfates KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Trees KW - Sulfates -- analysis KW - Meteorological Concepts KW - Appalachian Region KW - Nitrates -- analysis KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73132826?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.atitle=Estimates+of+cloud+water+deposition+at+Mountain+Acid+Deposition+Program+sites+in+the+Appalachian+Mountains.&rft.au=Baumgardner%2C+Ralph+E%3BIsil%2C+Selma+S%3BLavery%2C+Thomas+F%3BRogers%2C+Christopher+M%3BMohnen%2C+Volker+A&rft.aulast=Baumgardner&rft.aufirst=Ralph&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-15 N1 - Date created - 2003-03-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Invertebrate biomarkers: links to toxicosis that predict population decline. AN - 73120801; 12651193 AB - The application of biochemical measurements that can be used as individual biomarkers of impaired biological function in invertebrates is reviewed to evaluate whether biochemical biomarkers of aquatic invertebrates can predict changes in natural populations. Biomarkers that measure toxic effects at the molecular level (e.g., the inhibition of brain acetylcholinesterase activity by organophosphorus pesticides) have been shown to provide rapid quantitative predictions of a toxic effect upon individuals in laboratory studies. Such biomarkers should not be used as a replacement for conventional aquatic monitoring techniques, but should be applied as supplementary approaches for demonstrating links between sublethal biochemical and adverse effects in natural populations in field studies. The research challenge for using biomarker measurements in aquatic invertebrates is to predict effects at the population level from effects at the individual level measured upon individuals collected in the field. JF - Ecotoxicology and environmental safety AU - Hyne, Ross V AU - Maher, William A AD - A Cooperative Research Centre for Freshwater Ecology and Ecotoxicology Section, Environment Protection Authority New South Wales, EPA/UTS Centre for Ecotoxicology, Westbourne Street, Gore Hill, NSW 2065, Australia. hyner@epa.nsw.gov.au Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 366 EP - 374 VL - 54 IS - 3 SN - 0147-6513, 0147-6513 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Pesticides KW - Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases KW - EC 3.1.1.- KW - Carboxylesterase KW - EC 3.1.1.1 KW - Acetylcholinesterase KW - EC 3.1.1.7 KW - Glycoside Hydrolases KW - EC 3.2.1.- KW - carbohydrase KW - Cellulase KW - EC 3.2.1.4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Population Dynamics KW - Forecasting KW - Pesticides -- adverse effects KW - Invertebrates -- physiology KW - Acetylcholinesterase -- pharmacology KW - Biomarkers -- analysis KW - Cellulase -- analysis KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Cellulase -- pharmacology KW - Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases -- pharmacology KW - Glycoside Hydrolases -- pharmacology KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Acetylcholinesterase -- analysis KW - Glycoside Hydrolases -- analysis KW - Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73120801?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+and+environmental+safety&rft.atitle=Invertebrate+biomarkers%3A+links+to+toxicosis+that+predict+population+decline.&rft.au=Hyne%2C+Ross+V%3BMaher%2C+William+A&rft.aulast=Hyne&rft.aufirst=Ross&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=366&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+and+environmental+safety&rft.issn=01476513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-07-15 N1 - Date created - 2003-03-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - p-Nitrophenol and glutathione response in medaka (Oryzias latipes) exposed to MX, a drinking water carcinogen. AN - 73120310; 12643982 AB - When chlorine is introduced into public drinking water for disinfection, it can react with organic compounds in surface waters to form toxic by-products such as 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2[5H]-furanone (MX). We investigated the effect of exposure to MX on cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1)-like activity and total glutathione (GSH) in the liver of the small fish model, medaka (Oryzias latipes). The multi-site carcinogen methylazoxymethanol acetate (MAMAc) was the positive control compound. Both medaka liver microsome preparations and S-9 fractions catalyzed the hydroxylation of p-nitrophenol (PNP), suggesting CYP2E1-like activity in the medaka. Male medaka exposed for 96 h to the CYP2E1 inducers ethanol and acetone under fasted conditions showed significant increases in PNP-hydroxylation activity. Furthermore, total reduced hepatic GSH was reduced in fish fasted for 96 h, indicating that normal feeding is a factor in maintaining xenobiotic defenses. Exposure to MX and MAMAc induced significant increases in hepatic CYP2E1-like activity, however MX exposure did not alter hepatic GSH levels. These data strengthen the role of the medaka as a suitable species for examining cytochrome P450 and GSH detoxification processes and the role these systems play in chemical carcinogenesis. JF - Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology : CBP AU - Geter, David R AU - Fournie, John W AU - Brouwer, Marius H AU - DeAngelo, Anthony B AU - Hawkins, William E AD - Department of Coastal Sciences, Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, The University of Southern Mississippi, Ocean Springs, MS 39564, USA. geter.david@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 353 EP - 364 VL - 134 IS - 3 SN - 1532-0456, 1532-0456 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Furans KW - Nitrophenols KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Acetone KW - 1364PS73AF KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone KW - 77439-76-0 KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 KW - EC 1.14.13.- KW - Glutathione KW - GAN16C9B8O KW - 4-nitrophenol KW - Y92ZL45L4R KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Ethanol -- pharmacology KW - Water Supply KW - Microsomes, Liver -- drug effects KW - Acetone -- pharmacology KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 -- metabolism KW - Fasting KW - Male KW - Female KW - Hydroxylation KW - Nitrophenols -- metabolism KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Glutathione -- metabolism KW - Furans -- toxicity KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Oryzias -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73120310?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Comparative+biochemistry+and+physiology.+Toxicology+%26+pharmacology+%3A+CBP&rft.atitle=p-Nitrophenol+and+glutathione+response+in+medaka+%28Oryzias+latipes%29+exposed+to+MX%2C+a+drinking+water+carcinogen.&rft.au=Geter%2C+David+R%3BFournie%2C+John+W%3BBrouwer%2C+Marius+H%3BDeAngelo%2C+Anthony+B%3BHawkins%2C+William+E&rft.aulast=Geter&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=134&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=353&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Comparative+biochemistry+and+physiology.+Toxicology+%26+pharmacology+%3A+CBP&rft.issn=15320456&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-12-02 N1 - Date created - 2003-03-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of macroinvertebrate assemblages in relation to environmental gradients among lotic habitats of California's Central Valley. AN - 73044214; 12602632 AB - We assessed relationships between environmental characteristics and macroinvertebrate assemblages in lotic habitats of California's Central Valley with community metric and multivariate statistical approaches. Using canonical ordination analyses, we contrasted results when assemblage structure was assessed with macroinvertebrate metrics, as suggested for use in indices of biotic integrity, or with genera abundances. Our objectives were to identify metrics or taxa diagnostic of lotic environmental stressors and compare the capacity of these approaches to detect stressors in order to suggest how they might be used to diagnose stressors. For macroinvertebrate metrics, redundancy analysis (RDA) extracted three axes correlated with channel morphology and substrates. For genera abundances, canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) extracted two axes correlated with soluble salts and with channel morphology and substrates but did not separate these gradients onto different axes. Cluster analyses identified five RDA and five CCA site groups, which exhibited differences for environmental variables, metrics, or genera abundances, and agreement between the analyses in partitioning of sites was greater than if sites were partitioned randomly. These approaches differ in their ability to detect environmental stressors, because they measure different aspects of assemblages and would be complementary in design of new metrics diagnostic of stressors. JF - Environmental monitoring and assessment AU - Griffith, Michael B AU - Husby, Peter AU - Hall, Robert K AU - Kaufmann, Philip R AU - Hill, Brian H AD - Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, USEPA, ORD, NERL, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. griffith.michael@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 281 EP - 309 VL - 82 IS - 3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - California KW - Animals KW - Geologic Sediments -- analysis KW - Population Dynamics KW - Cluster Analysis KW - Ecosystem KW - Invertebrates -- physiology KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73044214?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+macroinvertebrate+assemblages+in+relation+to+environmental+gradients+among+lotic+habitats+of+California%27s+Central+Valley.&rft.au=Griffith%2C+Michael+B%3BHusby%2C+Peter%3BHall%2C+Robert+K%3BKaufmann%2C+Philip+R%3BHill%2C+Brian+H&rft.aulast=Griffith&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=281&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-06-09 N1 - Date created - 2003-02-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring chlorophyll- a as a measure of algae in Lake Texoma Marinas. AN - 73035194; 12592538 JF - Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - An, Y-J AU - Kampbell, D H AD - Oak Ridge Research Associateship Program, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Post Office Box 1198, Ada, OK 74820, USA. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 606 EP - 611 VL - 70 IS - 3 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - Chlorophyll KW - 1406-65-1 KW - chlorophyll a KW - YF5Q9EJC8Y KW - Index Medicus KW - Oklahoma KW - Eutrophication KW - Biomarkers -- analysis KW - Seasons KW - Texas KW - Biomass KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Eukaryota KW - Chlorophyll -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73035194?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Monitoring+chlorophyll-+a+as+a+measure+of+algae+in+Lake+Texoma+Marinas.&rft.au=An%2C+Y-J%3BKampbell%2C+D+H&rft.aulast=An&rft.aufirst=Y-J&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=606&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-06-24 N1 - Date created - 2003-02-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of kinematic wave theory for predicting flash flood hazards on coupled alluvial fan-piedmont plain landforms AN - 51935606; 2003-069522 AB - A rainstorm that caused a severe flash flood on the piedmont plain at the toe positions of two alluvial fans located to the west of the Organ Mountains in Dona Ana County, New Mexico, USA, is analyzed. The space-time distributions of rainfall are evaluated from the Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD), and overland flow is modeled as kinematic wave. The spatial distribution of rainfall shows a topographic control. The greatest rainfall depth, duration, and intensity occurred at the higher elevation mountain slopes and decreased with decreasing elevation from the alluvial fans to the piedmont plain. The alluvial fan-piedmont plain system is modeled by coupling divergent and rectangular overland flow planes. Explicit finite difference approximations, hybridized with the analytical method of characteristics, are made to the kinematic wave equations to account for the spatial and temporal distribution of the rainfall and variable boundary conditions. Simulation results indicate that sheet-flow floodwater elevations rise (1) in a nonlinear fashion from the apex to toe positions of the alluvial fans, and (2) near linearly from the toe positions of the alluvial fans onto the piedmont plains with the formation of kinematic shocks near the middle to the upstream end of the plane at times between the initiation of the rainstorm and the time of concentration of the plane. Thus, the maximum flooding occurs at the middle or upstream sections of the piedmont plains regardless of the pattern of space-time variability of rainfall. These results are in agreement with observed geomorphologic features suggesting that piedmont plains are naturally flood-prone areas. This case study demonstrates that flood hazards on piedmont plains can exceed those on alluvial fans. The models presented in this study suggest that the flood hazard zones on coupled alluvial fan-piedmont plain landforms should be delineated transverse to the flow directions, as opposed to the flood hazard zones with boundaries in the longitudinal direction of the axis of an alluvial fan. JF - Hydrological Processes AU - Mukhopadhyay, Biswajit AU - Cornelius, Joe AU - Zehner, Warren Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 839 EP - 868 PB - John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY VL - 17 IS - 4 SN - 0885-6087, 0885-6087 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - terrestrial environment KW - patterns KW - NEXRAD KW - geologic hazards KW - rainfall KW - arid environment KW - prediction KW - Dona Ana County New Mexico KW - New Mexico KW - simulation KW - information management KW - kinematic wave theory KW - data management KW - case studies KW - Organ Mountains KW - alluvial fans KW - floods KW - risk assessment KW - temporal distribution KW - flash floods KW - algorithms KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51935606?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrological+Processes&rft.atitle=Application+of+kinematic+wave+theory+for+predicting+flash+flood+hazards+on+coupled+alluvial+fan-piedmont+plain+landforms&rft.au=Mukhopadhyay%2C+Biswajit%3BCornelius%2C+Joe%3BZehner%2C+Warren&rft.aulast=Mukhopadhyay&rft.aufirst=Biswajit&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=839&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrological+Processes&rft.issn=08856087&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fhyp.1241 L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jhome/4125 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; alluvial fans; arid environment; case studies; data management; Dona Ana County New Mexico; flash floods; floods; geologic hazards; hydrology; information management; kinematic wave theory; New Mexico; NEXRAD; Organ Mountains; patterns; prediction; rainfall; risk assessment; simulation; temporal distribution; terrestrial environment; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.1241 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Elevated arsenic in groundwater at landfill sites in northern central Massachusetts AN - 51794000; 2004-075194 AB - Elevated arsenic concentrations in groundwater have been repeatedly observed near landfill sites in North Central Massachusetts where arsenic may or may not have been an obvious component of the disposed waste material within the landfill. Landfill leachate generated by excess water percolating through the waste layers is often associated with pollutants in the downgradient subsurface water. The discharge of landfill leachates into the groundwater system also strongly influences the chemistry of aquifers in the proximity of the landfills. The studied landfills are located within 2 municipalities along the New Hampshire border where elevated arsenic concentrations have been previously reported in the substrate soils overlying bedrock of the Merrimack Belt. The landfills are situated within the Wisconsinan-age deposits of Glacial Lake Nashua and its tributaries. Arsenic concentrations in groundwater collected from these sites range from 5.4 micrograms per liter (mu g/L) upgradient of the landfills up to over 4,200 mu g/L downgradient of the leachate plume. Iron concentrations have been observed reaching over 220,000 mu g/L and manganese concentrations have been observed over 9,200 mu g/L. High concentrations of dissolved metals are concurrent with low dissolved oxygen values, ORP values ranging from 339 millivolts to -64 millivolts, pH values ranging between 4.88 and 6.70, and specific conductance values ranging from 20 microsiemens per centimeter upgradient to 850 microsiemens per centimeter downgradient. Arsenic concentrations have been observed to show poor correlations with concentrations of sodium and chloride, suggesting a contribution from sources outside the landfills. Both sodium and chloride are landfill geochemical signatures indicating the contribution of the landfill leachates to ground water. Very high concentrations of arsenic correlate with increasing alkalinity and decreasing sulfate concentrations, suggesting a dependence of arsenic concentration on increasingly reductive environments. High arsenic, iron, and manganese concentrations under relatively anoxic conditions are likely a result of the reductive dissolution of iron and manganese hydroxide coatings on the surfaces of the substrate material. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Mayo, Matthew J AU - Hon, Rudolph AU - Brandon, William C AU - Germansderfer, Inna AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 4 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 3 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - toxic materials KW - pollutants KW - landfills KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - Ayer Massachusetts KW - Middlesex County Massachusetts KW - hydrochemistry KW - ground water KW - Massachusetts KW - metals KW - leachate KW - anaerobic environment KW - waste disposal KW - geochemistry KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51794000?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Elevated+arsenic+in+groundwater+at+landfill+sites+in+northern+central+Massachusetts&rft.au=Mayo%2C+Matthew+J%3BHon%2C+Rudolph%3BBrandon%2C+William+C%3BGermansderfer%2C+Inna%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mayo&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=4&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 38th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; arsenic; Ayer Massachusetts; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; landfills; leachate; Massachusetts; metals; Middlesex County Massachusetts; pollutants; pollution; toxic materials; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pollution monitoring in two North American estuaries; historical reconstructions using benthic Foraminifera AN - 51793453; 2004-075228 AB - Results of both surface and core studies from two highly impacted estuaries (New Bedford Harbor, Massachusetts, USA and Halifax Harbour, Nova Scotia, Canada) are presented. New Bedford Harbor is in a highly industrialized area that has undergone severe degradation from a variety of sources for almost 400 years, and has been declared an EPA Superfund site. Halifax Harbour has been subjected mostly to domestic, rather than industrial, pollution since the founding of the city in 1749. Although many geochemical studies have been done in both estuaries, there are little baseline data on the biota. In this paper we use benthic foraminiferal assemblages retrieved from sediment cores to reconstruct the biotic changes of the recent past. It will then be possible to correlate faunal with already known geochemical changes. There are differences between these two sites both because New Bedford Harbor is shallower than Halifax Harbour and because of the different types of pollution. The character of the pollution has changed in New Bedford Harbor as remediation efforts are taking hold. This change can also be detected with the foraminifera. One interesting outcome is that deformities among one species of foraminifera, Haynesina orbiculare, appear to occur simultaneously with high PCBs in the sediments. In Halifax Harbour, where the largest impact is due to high organic input from domestic sources, species tolerant of low oxygen conditions are most prominent at present. Core studies show that prior to the rapid growth of Halifax (in the 1960s) the organic input was much lower than at present. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Tobin, Richard AU - Scott, David B AU - Latimer, James S AU - Boothman, Warren S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 9 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 3 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Halifax County Nova Scotia KW - benthic taxa KW - Holocene KW - Halifax Nova Scotia KW - environmental analysis KW - Foraminifera KW - Cenozoic KW - estuaries KW - Massachusetts KW - Invertebrata KW - Maritime Provinces KW - estuarine environment KW - North America KW - toxic materials KW - Protista KW - monitoring KW - Quaternary KW - pollution KW - polychlorinated dibenzofurans KW - organic compounds KW - paleoenvironment KW - New Bedford Harbor KW - Canada KW - Nova Scotia KW - reconstruction KW - upper Holocene KW - Eastern Canada KW - microfossils KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51793453?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Pollution+monitoring+in+two+North+American+estuaries%3B+historical+reconstructions+using+benthic+Foraminifera&rft.au=Tobin%2C+Richard%3BScott%2C+David+B%3BLatimer%2C+James+S%3BBoothman%2C+Warren+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tobin&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 38th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - benthic taxa; Canada; Cenozoic; Eastern Canada; environmental analysis; estuaries; estuarine environment; Foraminifera; Halifax County Nova Scotia; Halifax Nova Scotia; Holocene; Invertebrata; Maritime Provinces; Massachusetts; microfossils; monitoring; New Bedford Harbor; North America; Nova Scotia; organic compounds; paleoenvironment; pollution; polychlorinated dibenzofurans; Protista; Quaternary; reconstruction; toxic materials; United States; upper Holocene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of dissolved inorganic carbon in arsenic mobilization at landfill sites in central Massachusetts, USA AN - 51787945; 2004-078537 AB - Central Massachusetts is characterized by a N-S trending region with significantly elevated arsenic levels in the unconsolidated strata overlying rocks of the Merrimack Belt. Arsenic concentrations within the overburden (10 to 1000 mg/kg) can pose a threat to the environment if and when the inert arsenic becomes mobilized by groundwater. Many landfills in this area, now capped and closed, were constructed in the past without a leachate collection system and are presently discharging their leachate into the subsurface system. Data from the long term post-closure monitoring of landfills and our data from five landfill sites show that arsenic is present in high levels, exceeding in some places 1000 micrograms per liter. A comprehensive effort was initiated to obtain a fully characterized set of data on 24 hydrogeochemical parameters of 60 samples collected from upgradient to directly downgradient of the five landfills. The database, augmented by data from a continuing longterm monitoring, indicates that reductive dissolution of hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) veneered surfaces is the most likely mechanism of arsenic release. We present data on dissolved organic carbon, dissolved inorganic carbon, arsenic, oxidation-reduction potential, pH, and specific conductance for 57 samples from five landfill sites to illustrate the role of carbon in the mechanism of reductive dissolution of HFO coatings. Total dissolved carbon varies from 4.9 ppm C to 164.6 ppm C, lower values being about equally divided between dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). This ratio changes and becomes exclusively DIC at higher total C values. Arsenic above 100 ppb positively correlates with DIC in excess of 10 ppm C and negatively with ORP below 100 mV. Specific conductance rises to near 900 microSiemens and pH increases to neutral values at 7. These data suggests that landfill leachate enriched in organic carbon triggers a microbial activity near the discharge point into the groundwater system (DOC becomes DIC) creating a reducing environment that transforms HFO and other sorbed constituents into their soluble forms (increased specific conductance) which neutralize the pH to near neutral values. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Hon, Rudolph AU - Ford, Robert G AU - Brandon, William C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 78 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 3 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - toxic materials KW - pollutants KW - landfills KW - Merrimack Synclinorium KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - central Massachusetts KW - Massachusetts KW - dissolved materials KW - metals KW - carbon KW - mobilization KW - waste disposal KW - organic carbon KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51787945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Role+of+dissolved+inorganic+carbon+in+arsenic+mobilization+at+landfill+sites+in+central+Massachusetts%2C+USA&rft.au=Hon%2C+Rudolph%3BFord%2C+Robert+G%3BBrandon%2C+William+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hon&rft.aufirst=Rudolph&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=78&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 38th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; carbon; central Massachusetts; dissolved materials; landfills; Massachusetts; Merrimack Synclinorium; metals; mobilization; organic carbon; pollutants; pollution; toxic materials; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Studies on bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-contaminated sediments: Bioavailability, biodegradability, and toxicity issues AN - 19423567; 5704949 AB - The widespread contamination by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has created a need for cost-effective bioremediation processes. This research studied a chronically PAH-contaminated estuarine sediment from the East River (ER; NY, USA) characterized by high concentrations of PAHs (-4-190 ppm), sulfide, and metals and a marine sediment from New York/New Jersey Harbor (NY/NJH; USA) with only trace quantities of PAHs (0.1-0.6 ppm). The focus was to examine the relationship between bioavailability of PAHs and their biological removal in a slurry system. Freshwater and marine sediment toxicity tests were conducted to measure baseline toxicity of both sediments to amphipods, aquatic worms, fathead and sheepshead minnow larvae, and a vascular plant; to determine the cause of toxicity; and to evaluate the effectiveness of the biotreatment strategies in reducing toxicity. Results showed the ER sediment was acutely toxic to all freshwater and marine organisms tested and that the toxicity was mainly caused by sulfide, PAHs, and metals present in the sediment. In spite of the high toxicity, most of the PAH compounds showed significant degradation in the aerobic sediment/water slurry system if the initial high oxygen demand due to the high sulfide content of the sediment was overcome. The removal of PAHs by biodegradation was closely related to their desorbed amount in 90% isopropanol solution during 24 h of contact, while the desorption of model PAH compounds from freshly spiked NY/NJH sediment did not describe the bioavailability of PAHs in the East River sediment well. The research improves our understanding of bioavailability as a controlling factor in bioremediation of PAHs and the potential of aerobic biodegradation for PAH removal and ecotoxicity reduction. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Tabak, H H AU - Lazorchak, J M AU - Lei, L AU - Khodadoust AU - Antia, JE AU - Bagchi, R AU - Suidan, M T AD - Land Remediation and Pollution Control Division, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 West Martin Luther King, Jr. Drive, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA, tabak.henry@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - Mar 2003 SP - 473 EP - 482 VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Bioremediation KW - Contamination KW - Freshwater KW - Toxicity tests KW - Bioavailability KW - USA, New York, East R. KW - Oxygen demand KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Pollution indicators KW - Testing Procedures KW - Rivers KW - Metals KW - Freshwater environments KW - Brackish KW - ANW, USA, New York KW - Oxygen KW - Oxic sediments KW - Aerobic Biodegradation KW - Aromatics KW - Biodegradation KW - Seawater KW - Pollution effects KW - Estuarine sedimentation KW - Models KW - Slurries KW - Brackishwater environment KW - Marine KW - Sediment pollution KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Desorption KW - Amphipods KW - Sulfides KW - Toxicity KW - Biodegradability KW - Harbours KW - Sediments KW - Sulfide KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Plants KW - Marine organisms KW - Harbors KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - X 24360:Metals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19423567?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Studies+on+bioremediation+of+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbon-contaminated+sediments%3A+Bioavailability%2C+biodegradability%2C+and+toxicity+issues&rft.au=Tabak%2C+H+H%3BLazorchak%2C+J+M%3BLei%2C+L%3BKhodadoust%3BAntia%2C+JE%3BBagchi%2C+R%3BSuidan%2C+M+T&rft.aulast=Tabak&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=473&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment pollution; Desorption; Bioremediation; Biodegradation; Pollution effects; Estuarine sedimentation; Toxicity tests; Harbours; Bioaccumulation; Oxygen demand; Oxic sediments; Aromatic hydrocarbons; Brackishwater environment; Pollution indicators; Rivers; Metals; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Contamination; Freshwater environments; Toxicity; Biodegradability; Sediments; Models; Bioavailability; Sulfide; Oxygen; Slurries; Plants; Marine organisms; Aromatics; Seawater; Freshwater; Harbors; Testing Procedures; Amphipods; Sulfides; Aerobic Biodegradation; Sediment Contamination; ANW, USA, New York; USA, New York, East R.; Brackish; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Phosphorus Concentration on the Growth of Cattail Callus Cells AN - 19306592; 8502337 AB - This investigation examined the growth of Typha latifolia (cattail) callus cells grown in five (0, 11, 22, 33, 44mgL-1) different phosphorus concentrations. The cells were grown for two successive subcultures on semi-solid media, and subsequently in suspension culture with the same phosphorus levels. On semi-solid media, the fresh weight of the cells varied by a maximum of 36% through both subcultures. The 33mgL-1 phosphorus supplied in the original Gamborgs B5 media promoted the greatest fresh weight of the cells in suspension culture over all other concentrations tested. When grown in suspension culture with 0 and 11mgL-1 phosphorus, the cells showed a 42 and 29% reduction in fresh weight, respectively. Incubating the cells with 22 and 44mgL-1 phosphorus caused a 20 and 13% reduction in fresh weight, respectively. In addition, this study compared the phosphorus concentration of callus cells against literature-reported values of whole cattail plants incubated at similar phosphorus concentrations. Data from this study demonstrate that when the cattail callus cells and whole plants are exposed to similar phosphorus concentrations, the phosphorus concentration in the plant leaves is within the confidence interval (p<=0.05) of the phosphorus concentration in the cattail callus cells. This suggests that cattail callus cells can be used to predict the concentration of phosphorus in cattail leaves when they are supplied with similar phosphorus levels. If this relationship between callus cells and whole plants is found to be applicable to other marsh plant species, stormwater wetland managers can use callus cells as a rapid method to screen plants for their capacity to absorb phosphorus before the plant is established in a wetland. This can increase the effectiveness of the wetland to absorb unwanted pollutants from the stormwater entering the site. JF - Journal of Plant Nutrition AU - Estime, Lunique AU - O'Shea, Marie AU - Borst, Michael AU - Gerrity, Jennifer AU - Liao, Shih-Long AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Water Supply and Water Resources Division, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Edison, New Jersey, USA Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 691 EP - 707 PB - Taylor & Francis, 11 New Fetter Lane London EC4P 4EE UK, [mailto:info@tandf.co.uk] VL - 26 IS - 3 SN - 0190-4167, 0190-4167 KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Suspension KW - Aquatic plants KW - Phosphorus KW - Marshes KW - Growth KW - Plant nutrition KW - Pollutants KW - Typha latifolia KW - Wetlands KW - plant nutrition KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q3 08585:Plant culture KW - Q1 08585:Plant culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19306592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Plant+Nutrition&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Phosphorus+Concentration+on+the+Growth+of+Cattail+Callus+Cells&rft.au=Estime%2C+Lunique%3BO%27Shea%2C+Marie%3BBorst%2C+Michael%3BGerrity%2C+Jennifer%3BLiao%2C+Shih-Long&rft.aulast=Estime&rft.aufirst=Lunique&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=691&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Plant+Nutrition&rft.issn=01904167&rft_id=info:doi/10.1081%2FPLN-120017676 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Plant nutrition; Growth; Suspension; Pollutants; Phosphorus; Aquatic plants; Wetlands; Marshes; plant nutrition; Typha latifolia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/PLN-120017676 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of nutrients and zooplankton grazing on phytoplankton growth in a temperate reservoir in New South Wales, Australia AN - 19230410; 5812718 AB - The role of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) and zooplankton grazing on the growth of a phytoplankton community was investigated at different times in the Ben Chifley reservoir. In situ nutrient enrichment bioassays (n = 12) indicated that phytoplankton growth was limited by P in 33% of experiments, by both N and P in 25% of experiments and no limitation was found in 42%. The hypothesis that N or P limitation occurred when ambient N:P ratios were different from the Redfield ratio was supported in 33% of bioassay experiments, suggesting that ambient N:P ratios do not always correctly indicate if N or P is limiting. Grazing rates of the reservoir zooplankton (>150 mu m in size) ranged from 0.023-0.199 day super(-1) (mean: 0.078 day super(-1), n = 8). The grazing efficiency, as measured by a weight-specific clearance rate, ranged from 0.049-0.743 mL mu g dry wt super(-1) day super(-1), and was positively correlated with the relative biomass of Daphnia in the community. The nutrient-stimulated growth of phytoplankton ranged from 0.085-1.031 day super(-1) (mean: 0.461 day super(-1), n = 10). The effect of nutrient enrichment exceeded that of zooplankton grazing in 62% of experiments. Further study is necessary to understand a qualitative effect of nutrients and zooplankton grazing on the phytoplankton community structure in the Ben Chifley reservoir. JF - Marine & Freshwater Research AU - Kobayashi, T AU - Church, A G AD - New South Wales Environment Protection Authority, P.O. Box A290, Sydney South, NSW 1232, Australia, kobayashiy@epa.nsw.gov.au Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - Mar 2003 SP - 609 EP - 618 VL - 54 IS - 5 SN - 1323-1650, 1323-1650 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts KW - Nutrient enrichment KW - Grazing KW - Population growth KW - Nutrient availability KW - Zooplankton KW - Phosphorus KW - Phytoplankton KW - Nutrients KW - Daphnia KW - Community structure KW - Australia, New South Wales KW - Reservoirs KW - Nitrogen KW - K 03009:Algae KW - D 04627:Algae/lichens KW - K 03073:Algae UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19230410?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+%26+Freshwater+Research&rft.atitle=Role+of+nutrients+and+zooplankton+grazing+on+phytoplankton+growth+in+a+temperate+reservoir+in+New+South+Wales%2C+Australia&rft.au=Kobayashi%2C+T%3BChurch%2C+A+G&rft.aulast=Kobayashi&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=609&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+%26+Freshwater+Research&rft.issn=13231650&rft_id=info:doi/10.1071%2FMF02025 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Daphnia; Australia, New South Wales; Zooplankton; Phytoplankton; Nutrients; Grazing; Reservoirs; Phosphorus; Community structure; Nitrogen; Population growth; Nutrient availability; Nutrient enrichment DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/MF02025 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of large woody debris on channel morphology and dynamics in steep, boulder-rich mountain streams, western Cascades, Oregon AN - 18923316; 5572733 AB - This study used 20-year records of stream channel change and wood to test hypotheses about the long-term influence of large woody debris (LWD) on channel morphology, channel stability, and sediment dynamics in a steep, boulder-rich mountain stream. We compared two nearly adjacent reaches of third-order Mack Creek over the period 1978-1997 after virtually all wood was removed from the channel of the lower reach in 1964. We assessed the long-term legacy of wood removal using repeated cross-section surveys, streamflow data, LWD inventory data, and detailed mapping and longitudinal profile surveys. At each of 11 cross sections in the upper reach and 19 in the lower reach, we calculated areas of scour and fill in response to the two largest floods in the record. We used quasi-likelihood logistic regression models to test the proportion of each reach that experienced change between consecutive surveys over the entire record (1978-1997) as a function of flood return periods. The longitudinal profile of the site without LWD was more variable than the reach with LWD at the finest scale (~1 m) due to a greater frequency of boulder steps, but the reach with LWD was more variable at the channel unit scale. LWD-created steps 1 to 2.5 m high in the wood-rich reach accounted for nearly 30% of the total channel fall and created low-gradient upstream channel segments one to three channel widths long. As a result, both reaches have the same average slope (about 9%), but nearly three times as much of the channel in the wood-rich reach had a slope of [less- than or equal to]5% as in the reach without wood (20.4% of total channel length vs. 7.5% of channel length). The reach with abundant LWD was less responsive to moderate streamflow events (return period <~5 years), but it responded similarly to peak flows with a return period of about 10 to 25 years. Although the average magnitude of cross-section changes was the same during the largest flood in the record (25-year return period), the reach without LWD experienced scour and coarsening of the bed surface, whereas the reach with LWD experienced aggradation upstream of LWD features. Mack Creek may be representative of many steep mountain streams in which channel structure is strongly influenced by nonfluvial processes: a legacy of large boulders from glacial or mass movement processes and a legacy of dead wood from ecological processes. Sediment-limited mountain streams with large boulders, when deprived of LWD, appear to exhibit less morphological variation at the channel unit scale, to store less sediment, and to release it more readily than those with LWD. JF - Geomorphology AU - Faustini, J M AU - Jones, JA AD - Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, c/o U.S. EPA, 200 SW 35th St. Corvallis, OR 97333, USA, faustini.john@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 187 EP - 205 VL - 51 IS - 1-3 SN - 0169-555X, 0169-555X KW - USA, Oregon KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Woody debris KW - Channel stability KW - Stream cross sections KW - Longitudinal profile KW - Sediment KW - USA, Oregon, Cascade Mts. KW - Fluvial morphology KW - Obstruction to Flow KW - Streamflow KW - Freshwater KW - Drainage Patterns KW - Watersheds KW - Hardwood KW - Mountains KW - Geomorphology KW - Flooding KW - Flood Peak KW - Channel Morphology KW - Detritus KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - Q2 09171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18923316?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geomorphology&rft.atitle=Influence+of+large+woody+debris+on+channel+morphology+and+dynamics+in+steep%2C+boulder-rich+mountain+streams%2C+western+Cascades%2C+Oregon&rft.au=Faustini%2C+J+M%3BJones%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Faustini&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geomorphology&rft.issn=0169555X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-555X%2802%2900336-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mountains; Fluvial morphology; Geomorphology; Flooding; Watersheds; Detritus; Obstruction to Flow; Streamflow; Flood Peak; Drainage Patterns; Channel Morphology; Hardwood; USA, Oregon, Cascade Mts.; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-555X(02)00336-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contamination of fish in streams of the Mid-Atlantic Region: An approach to regional indicator selection and wildlife assessment AN - 16160508; 5705611 AB - The extent of contamination of fish in the Mid-Atlantic Region was evaluated as part of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Monitoring and Assessment Program's regional assessment in 1993 through 1994. Fish assemblages from wadeable streams were dominated by small, short-lived fishes (e.g., minnows, darters, and sculpins) that were more widely distributed and abundant than large fishes typically chosen for tissue contaminant studies (e.g., trout, black bass, sunfish, common carp). Chemical concentrations in whole-fish homogenates exceeded detection limits for mercury, DDT, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in 75 to 100% of the stream length assessed using small fishes and 84 to 100% of the stream length assessed using large fishes. Wildlife values (WVs) representing a threshold for toxic effect were developed to allow examination of the spatial extent of potential risk to piscivorous wildlife. For mercury, DDT, dieldrin, and chlordane, estimates of the regional extent of streams where fish contaminant concentrations exceeded the WVs were greater when based on small fishes than on large fishes. However, within the distribution of stream lengths assessed using small and large fishes, the percentage of stream kilometers exceeding the WVs were quite similar. Our data demonstrate that the greater abundance and distribution of small, short-lived fishes provide greater estimates of regional extent of contamination for first- through third-order streams and can be used for regional assessments of potential exposure and effects in wildlife. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Lazorchak, J M AU - McCormick, F H AU - Henry, T R AU - Herlihy, A T AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA, lazorchak.jim@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - Mar 2003 SP - 545 EP - 553 VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - fish KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Aqualine Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Aquatic organisms KW - Contamination KW - Heavy metals KW - Etheostoma KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Toxicity tests KW - Pollution indicators KW - PCB KW - Freshwater pollution KW - Bioindicators KW - USA, Mid-Atlantic Region KW - Wildlife KW - Dieldrin KW - Environmental protection KW - Trout KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - DDT KW - Mercury KW - Fish KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Sculpin KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - Seawater KW - Streams KW - Bass KW - Pollutants KW - PCB compounds KW - Quantitative distribution KW - Water pollution KW - Carp KW - Sunfish KW - X 24166:Environmental impact KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - X 24136:Environmental impact UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16160508?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Contamination+of+fish+in+streams+of+the+Mid-Atlantic+Region%3A+An+approach+to+regional+indicator+selection+and+wildlife+assessment&rft.au=Lazorchak%2C+J+M%3BMcCormick%2C+F+H%3BHenry%2C+T+R%3BHerlihy%2C+A+T&rft.aulast=Lazorchak&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=545&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution monitoring; Quantitative distribution; Dieldrin; DDT; Mercury; Freshwater fish; Pollution indicators; Toxicity tests; Environmental protection; PCB; Freshwater pollution; Contamination; Heavy metals; Streams; Water pollution; Aquatic organisms; Seawater; PCB compounds; Bioindicators; Sculpin; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Wildlife; Bass; Carp; Pollutants; Trout; Water Pollution Effects; Fish; Sunfish; Etheostoma; USA, Mid-Atlantic Region; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Models-3 Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model aerosol component 2. Model evaluation AN - 16155576; 5597210 AB - An initial evaluation of the Models-3 Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model aerosol component reveals CMAQ's varying ability to simulate observed visibility indices and aerosol species concentrations. The visibility evaluation, using National Weather Service observations from 139 airports for 11-15 July 1995, shows that CMAQ reasonably captured the general spatial and temporal patterns of visibility degradation, including major gradients, maxima and minima. However, CMAQ's two visibility prediction methods, Mie theory approximation and mass reconstruction, both underpredict visibility degradation (i.e. overpredict visibility). The mean bias, normalized mean bias (NMB), mean error and normalized mean error (NME) for the Mie calculations are-5.9 dv,- 21.7%, 7.0 dv and 25.4%, respectively. For the reconstruction simulations, these statistics are-9.8 dv,-35.5%, 10.0 dv and 36.2%, respectively. Most simulated values ( similar to 90% Mie and similar to 85% reconstruction) fall within a factor of two of the observations, although r super(2) = 0.25 (Mie) and r super(2) = 0.24 (reconstruction). The speciated aerosol evaluation uses observations of sulfate, nitrate, PM sub(2.5), PM sub(10) and organic carbon obtained from 18 stations of the Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) network in June 1995. This evaluation reveals that, with the exception of sulfate (mean bias: 0.15 mu g/m super(3), NMB: 3.1%), the model consistently underpredicts aerosol concentrations of nitrate (-0.10 mu g/m super(3),-33.1%), PM sub(2.5) (-3.9 mu g/m super(3),-30.1%), PM sub(10) (-5.66 mu g/m super(3),-29.2%) and organic carbon (-0.78 mu g/m super(3),-33.7%). Sulfate was simulated best by the model (r super(2) = 0.63, mean error = 1.75 mu g/m super(3), NME = 36.2%), followed by PM sub(2.5) (0.55, 5.00 mu g/m super(3), 38.5%), organic carbon (0.25, 0.94 mu g/m super(3), 40.6%), PM sub(10) (0.13, 9.85 mu g/m super(3), 50.8%) and nitrate (0.01, 0.33 mu g/m super(3), 104.3%). Except for nitrate, 75-80% of simulated concentrations fall within a factor of two of the IMPROVE observations. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. D. Atmospheres AU - Mebust, M R AU - Eder, B K AU - Binkowski, F S AU - Roselle, S J AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - Mar 2003 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA VL - 108 IS - D6 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - CMAQ KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Citation No. 4184 KW - Models-3/CMAQ KW - PM KW - model evaluation KW - air quality modeling KW - visibility KW - aerosol species KW - 0305 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Aerosols and particles (0345 KW - 4801) KW - 0345 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Pollution-urban and regional (0305) KW - 0365 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Troposphere-composition and chemistry KW - 0368 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Troposphere-constituent transport and chemistry KW - Sulfates KW - Particle size KW - Aerosols KW - Mathematical models KW - Nitrates KW - Organic carbon KW - Air quality KW - Aerosol chemistry KW - Air quality models KW - Aerosol concentrations KW - Atmospheric pollution-visibility relationships KW - Visibility KW - M2 551.510.52:Troposphere (551.510.52) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16155576?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Models-3+Community+Multiscale+Air+Quality+%28CMAQ%29+model+aerosol+component+2.+Model+evaluation&rft.au=Mebust%2C+M+R%3BEder%2C+B+K%3BBinkowski%2C+F+S%3BRoselle%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Mebust&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=D6&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001JD001410 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-06-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication date refers to online version. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric pollution-visibility relationships; Aerosol chemistry; Aerosol concentrations; Air quality models; Particle size; Sulfates; Aerosols; Mathematical models; Nitrates; Organic carbon; Visibility; Air quality DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001JD001410 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The determinants of household recycling: a material-specific analysis of recycling program features and unit pricing AN - 16150368; 5613778 AB - This paper analyzes the impact of two popular solid waste programs on the percent recycled of several different materials found in the residential solid waste stream. We examine a unique, household-level data set representing middle and upper-middle income groups in 20 metropolitan statistical areas across the country and containing information on the percent recycled of five different materials: glass bottles, plastic bottles, aluminum, newspaper, and yard waste. We find that access to curbside recycling has a significant positive effect on the percentage recycled of all five materials and that the level of this effect varies across different materials. The length of the recycling program's life also has a significant positive effect on two materials. Making recycling mandatory has an insignificant effect on all five materials. The level of the unit price is insignificant in our regressions, but the effect of unit pricing on recycling activity remains unclear. JF - Journal of Environmental Economics and Management AU - Jenkins, R R AU - Martinez, SA AU - Palmer, K AU - Podolsky, MJ AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Policy, Economics and Innovation, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW MC 1809T, Washington, DC 20460, USA, jenkins.robin@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - Mar 2003 SP - 294 EP - 318 PB - Elsevier Science (USA) VL - 45 IS - 2 SN - 0095-0696, 0095-0696 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - Statistics KW - Recycling KW - Streams KW - Solid wastes KW - Waste management KW - Aluminum KW - Economics KW - Plastics KW - Domestic wastes KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16150368?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Economics+and+Management&rft.atitle=The+determinants+of+household+recycling%3A+a+material-specific+analysis+of+recycling+program+features+and+unit+pricing&rft.au=Jenkins%2C+R+R%3BMartinez%2C+SA%3BPalmer%2C+K%3BPodolsky%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Jenkins&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=294&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Economics+and+Management&rft.issn=00950696&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0095-0696%2802%2900054-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Statistics; Data processing; Economics; Aluminum; Plastics; Recycling; Streams; Solid wastes; Waste management; Domestic wastes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0095-0696(02)00054-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of eelgrass Zostera marina canopies on flow and transport AN - 18811867; 5685180 AB - Ecological effects of the interaction between submerged aquatic vegetation and currents depend on the plants and their associated organisms as well as the large-scale transport of dissolved and suspended constituents near the canopy. Mathematical models for airflow within plant canopies were adapted to describe water flow through and above meadows of aquatic eelgrass Zostera marina. The resulting model provided the vertical distribution of velocity and shear in a water column within the meadow, and it was developed to automatically conserve flow within the canopy. It was tested and calibrated with data from the laboratory and the field, and it performed adequately. The flow profile was nearly exponential within the canopy and logarithmic above it. The model was used to study how the eelgrass canopy affected the horizontal transport of conservative constituents. The most important finding was that the vertical distribution of a constituent determines whether the canopy will reduce or enhance its transport through the water column. This effect has direct implications for transport of nonconservative constituents such as dissolved oxygen, nutrients, organic carbon, and particulate pollen, larvae, plankton, and detritus. It also has direct implications for biological issues such as vertical distributions of photosynthesis and of recruitment of organisms on blades of grass while they are exposed to varying degrees of currents and shear. JF - Marine Ecology Progress Series AU - Abdelrhman, MA AD - US Environmental Protection Agency Office Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882, USA, abdelrhman.mohamed@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/02/28/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Feb 28 SP - 67 EP - 83 PB - Inter-Research VL - 248 SN - 0171-8630, 0171-8630 KW - Models KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04330:Marine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18811867?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.atitle=Effect+of+eelgrass+Zostera+marina+canopies+on+flow+and+transport&rft.au=Abdelrhman%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Abdelrhman&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=2003-02-28&rft.volume=248&rft.issue=&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.issn=01718630&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An in vivo microdialysis method for the qualitative analysis of hepatic phase I metabolites of phenol in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) AN - 18676250; 5576624 AB - Development of reliable and accurate methodologies for determination of xenobiotic hepatic biotransformation rate and capacity parameters is important to the derivation of precise physiologically-based toxicokinetic (PB-TK) models. Biotransformation data incorporated into PB-TK models has, for the most part, depended on in vitro techniques designed to mimic the in vivo environment; however, data from direct in vitro/in vivo comparisons is limited. In this investigation we describe for the first time a method using in vivo microdialysis (MD) to qualitatively assess hepatic xenobiotic biotransformation of phenol in an unanesthetized fish. MD probes were surgically implanted into the livers of adult rainbow trout which were subsequently confined to respirometer-metabolism chambers. Phenol (1-300 mM) was delivered directly to the liver via the MD probe at a perfusion rate of 1 mu l min super(-1) which consistently resulted in a relative delivery of 77-85% of the phenol in the perfusate to the tissue over a 3 day experimental time frame. Location of the probe within the liver was also shown to have no effect on the delivery of phenol or on the type or quantity of phase I metabolites formed. Production of hydroquinone (HQ) and catechol (CAT), the primary phase I metabolites of phenol, was monitored through direct sampling of the hepatic extracellular fluid space via the MD probe. HQ and CAT production increased with increasing time of perfusion and with increasing concentration of phenol delivered to the liver. In the future, data obtained through in vivo MD will be useful in resolving uncertainties in biotransformation rate and capacity parameters, which are central to fish PB-TK modeling of chemical disposition. JF - Aquatic Toxicology AU - Solem, LE AU - Kolanczyk, R C AU - McKim, JM III AD - National Research Council, Duluth, MN 55804, USA, kolanczyk.rick@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/02/26/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Feb 26 SP - 337 EP - 347 PB - Elsevier Science VL - 62 IS - 4 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - Rainbow trout KW - metabolites KW - microdialysis KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Animal Metabolism KW - Biodegradation KW - Path of Pollutants KW - Probes KW - Metabolites KW - Biotransformation KW - Experimental Data KW - Dialysis KW - Fate of Pollutants KW - Oncorhynchus mykiss KW - Fish Physiology KW - Phenols KW - Analytical Methods KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Analytical techniques KW - Liver KW - Pollution (Water) KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - X 24222:Analytical procedures KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18676250?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.atitle=An+in+vivo+microdialysis+method+for+the+qualitative+analysis+of+hepatic+phase+I+metabolites+of+phenol+in+rainbow+trout+%28Oncorhynchus+mykiss%29&rft.au=Solem%2C+LE%3BKolanczyk%2C+R+C%3BMcKim%2C+JM+III&rft.aulast=Solem&rft.aufirst=LE&rft.date=2003-02-26&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=337&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0166-445X%2802%2900109-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biodegradation; Analytical techniques; Liver; Metabolites; Phenols; Dialysis; Biotransformation; Probes; Pollution (Water); Animal Metabolism; Experimental Data; Analytical Methods; Path of Pollutants; Fate of Pollutants; Water Pollution Effects; Fish Physiology; Oncorhynchus mykiss DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0166-445X(02)00109-1 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Vegetation index of biotic integrity (VIBI) for wetlands: Ecoregional, hydrogeomorphic and plant community comparisons with preliminary wetland aquatic life use designations AN - 39671018; 3723922 AU - Mack, J Y1 - 2003/02/25/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Feb 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39671018?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Vegetation+index+of+biotic+integrity+%28VIBI%29+for+wetlands%3A+Ecoregional%2C+hydrogeomorphic+and+plant+community+comparisons+with+preliminary+wetland+aquatic+life+use+designations&rft.au=Mack%2C+J&rft.aulast=Mack&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-02-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: National Water Quality Monitoring Council, c/o US Geological Survey; phone: 703-648-6872; URL: www.nwqmc.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Designing monitoring and assessment strategies to include nearshore ecosystems of the Great Lakes AN - 39670940; 3723888 AU - Kelly, J Y1 - 2003/02/25/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Feb 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39670940?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Designing+monitoring+and+assessment+strategies+to+include+nearshore+ecosystems+of+the+Great+Lakes&rft.au=Kelly%2C+J&rft.aulast=Kelly&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-02-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: National Water Quality Monitoring Council, c/o US Geological Survey; phone: 703-648-6872; URL: www.nwqmc.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - US EPA's recently released superfund dermal risk assessment guidance: Application and policy AN - 39655132; 3731224 AU - Stralka, D Y1 - 2003/02/25/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Feb 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39655132?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=US+EPA%27s+recently+released+superfund+dermal+risk+assessment+guidance%3A+Application+and+policy&rft.au=Stralka%2C+D&rft.aulast=Stralka&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-02-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: NIOSH/HELD, MS 3030, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505-2888, USA; phone: 304-285-6034; fax: 304-285-6041; email: dnh6@cdc.gov; URL: ns3.hgo.net/niosh_conf N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - How the food quality protection act affects EPA regulation of pesticides via the dermal route of exposure AN - 39635778; 3731227 AU - Doyle, E Y1 - 2003/02/25/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Feb 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39635778?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=How+the+food+quality+protection+act+affects+EPA+regulation+of+pesticides+via+the+dermal+route+of+exposure&rft.au=Doyle%2C+E&rft.aulast=Doyle&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2003-02-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: NIOSH/HELD, MS 3030, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505-2888, USA; phone: 304-285-6034; fax: 304-285-6041; email: dnh6@cdc.gov; URL: ns3.hgo.net/niosh_conf N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Indicators for the Great Lakes, the SOLEC set AN - 39633597; 3723887 AU - Bertram, P Y1 - 2003/02/25/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Feb 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39633597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Indicators+for+the+Great+Lakes%2C+the+SOLEC+set&rft.au=Bertram%2C+P&rft.aulast=Bertram&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2003-02-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: National Water Quality Monitoring Council, c/o US Geological Survey; phone: 703-648-6872; URL: www.nwqmc.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Estimating dermal exposure to hazardous chemicals in water and soil AN - 39619212; 3731348 AU - Dellarco, M Y1 - 2003/02/25/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Feb 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39619212?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Estimating+dermal+exposure+to+hazardous+chemicals+in+water+and+soil&rft.au=Dellarco%2C+M&rft.aulast=Dellarco&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-02-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: NIOSH/HELD, MS 3030, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505-2888, USA; phone: 304-285-6034; fax: 304-285-6041; email: dnh6@cdc.gov; URL: ns3.hgo.net/niosh_conf. Poster Paper No. 3.13 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Issues in understanding dermal exposures resulting from contact with contaminated surfaces, measuring surface contamination, and characterizing transfers AN - 39609357; 3731217 AU - Cohen-Hubal, E A Y1 - 2003/02/25/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Feb 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39609357?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Issues+in+understanding+dermal+exposures+resulting+from+contact+with+contaminated+surfaces%2C+measuring+surface+contamination%2C+and+characterizing+transfers&rft.au=Cohen-Hubal%2C+E+A&rft.aulast=Cohen-Hubal&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2003-02-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: NIOSH/HELD, MS 3030, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505-2888, USA; phone: 304-285-6034; fax: 304-285-6041; email: dnh6@cdc.gov; URL: ns3.hgo.net/niosh_conf N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Introduction to wetland bioassessment and the biological assessment of wetlands workgroup AN - 39602440; 3723944 AU - Hoskins, D Y1 - 2003/02/25/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Feb 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39602440?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Introduction+to+wetland+bioassessment+and+the+biological+assessment+of+wetlands+workgroup&rft.au=Hoskins%2C+D&rft.aulast=Hoskins&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-02-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: National Water Quality Monitoring Council, c/o US Geological Survey; phone: 703-648-6872; URL: www.nwqmc.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Application of a probabilistic sampling design on a national level: EPA's national fish tissue study AN - 39590272; 3723821 AU - Stahl, L Y1 - 2003/02/25/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Feb 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39590272?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Application+of+a+probabilistic+sampling+design+on+a+national+level%3A+EPA%27s+national+fish+tissue+study&rft.au=Stahl%2C+L&rft.aulast=Stahl&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2003-02-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: National Water Quality Monitoring Council, c/o US Geological Survey; phone: 703-648-6872; URL: www.nwqmc.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - STORET - Supporting the business of environmental monitoring AN - 39559575; 3723897 AU - Mcelhinney, C Y1 - 2003/02/25/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Feb 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39559575?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=STORET+-+Supporting+the+business+of+environmental+monitoring&rft.au=Mcelhinney%2C+C&rft.aulast=Mcelhinney&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2003-02-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: National Water Quality Monitoring Council, c/o US Geological Survey; phone: 703-648-6872; URL: www.nwqmc.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - National perspective on wetland monitoring and assessment AN - 39554934; 3723820 AU - Vetter, D Y1 - 2003/02/25/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Feb 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39554934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=National+perspective+on+wetland+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.au=Vetter%2C+D&rft.aulast=Vetter&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-02-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: National Water Quality Monitoring Council, c/o US Geological Survey; phone: 703-648-6872; URL: www.nwqmc.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reductive dehalogenation of halomethanes in iron- and sulfate-reducing sediments. 1. Reactivity pattern analysis. AN - 73093726; 12636269 AB - The incorporation of reductive transformations into environmental fate models requires the characterization of natural reductants in sediments and aquifer materials. For this purpose, reactivity patterns (range and relative order of reactivity) for a series of 14 halogenated methanes were measured in iron- and sulfate-reducing sediments and two representative model systems: adsorbed Fe(II)/goethite [Fe(II)ads/alpha-FeOOH] and iron sulfide (FeS). Both Fe(II)ads and FeS are naturally occurring reductants. The strong similarity in reactivity patterns between the iron- and sulfate-reducing sediments suggests that the two share a common reductant despite their different chemical compositions (i.e., the sulfate-reducing sediment contained FeS). An orthogonal regression analysis of the halomethane transformation rate data in the sediment and model systems supports the assumption that a common mechanism for halomethane transformation exists between the sediments and the Fe(II)ads/alpha-FeOOH system and further corroborates the conclusion that Fe(II) adsorbed to Fe(III)-containing minerals is the dominant reductant in both sediment systems. Weak (0.5 N) and strong (6.0 N) acid extraction of the sediments indicated that solid-phase Fe(II) was 67% higher in the sulfate-reducing sediment than in the iron-reducing sediment, which is consistent with the observations that the halomethanes were transformed a factor of 3 times faster in the sulfate-reducing sediment and that Fe(II) was the dominant reductant. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Kenneke, John F AU - Weber, Eric I AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 960 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA. Y1 - 2003/02/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Feb 15 SP - 713 EP - 720 VL - 37 IS - 4 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Ferrous Compounds KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants KW - Methane KW - OP0UW79H66 KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Regression Analysis KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Adsorption KW - Geologic Sediments -- chemistry KW - Water Pollutants -- analysis KW - Sulfur-Reducing Bacteria -- physiology KW - Methane -- analysis KW - Methane -- chemistry KW - Ferrous Compounds -- chemistry KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73093726?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Reductive+dehalogenation+of+halomethanes+in+iron-+and+sulfate-reducing+sediments.+1.+Reactivity+pattern+analysis.&rft.au=Kenneke%2C+John+F%3BWeber%2C+Eric+I&rft.aulast=Kenneke&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2003-02-15&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=713&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-05-28 N1 - Date created - 2003-03-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of gender on thermoregulation and cholinesterase inhibition in the long-evans rat exposed to diazinon. AN - 72954085; 12521673 AB - Diazinon is an organophosphate (OP)-based, anticholinesterase insecticide that irreversibly inhibits acetylcholinesterase activity and produces cholinergic stimulation in central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral tissues. Our laboratory has found that OPs administered orally in rats induce a transient period of hypothermia followed by a delayed fever that persists for several days after exposure. There is little information on the thermoregulatory effects of diazinon. Core temperature (Tc) and motor activity (MA) were monitored by radiotelemetry in male and female rats of the Long-Evans strain dosed orally with diazinon (0 [corn-oil vehicle], 100, 200, or 300 mg/kg in males and 0, 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg in females). There was a dose-dependent decrease in Tc during the first night after treatment, with females exhibiting slightly greater sensitivity than males. MA was unaffected in females exposed to diazinon at doses of 50 to 200 mg/kg; MA of males was reduced during the first night after dosing with 300 mg/kg. There was a delayed elevation in Tc of males dosed with 200 and 300 mg/kg and females dosed with 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg diazinon. The elevated Tc was only manifested during d 2 and 3 after diazinon. Administration of 200 mg/kg sodium salicylate to females 48 h after being treated with 200 mg/kg diazinon led to a rapid abatement of the fever. Diazinon doses of 50 to 300 mg/kg led to 40% to 50% inhibition in plasma cholinesterase (ChE) activity 4 h after dosing, and females displayed a significantly slower recovery of ChE activity compared to males. When compared on a molar basis, the hypothermic response to diazinon was relatively small compared to other OPs such as chlorpyrifos. The delayed fever and efficacy of sodium salicylate to block diazinon-induced fever are similar to the effects of OPs chlorpyrifos and diisopropyl fluoro-phosphate (DFP). JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A AU - Gordon, Christopher J AU - Mack, Cina M AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Gordon.Christopher@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/02/14/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Feb 14 SP - 291 EP - 304 VL - 66 IS - 3 SN - 1528-7394, 1528-7394 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Cholinesterases KW - EC 3.1.1.8 KW - Diazinon KW - YUS1M1Q929 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Rats, Long-Evans KW - Sex Factors KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Female KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Diazinon -- toxicity KW - Cholinesterases -- blood UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72954085?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+A&rft.atitle=Influence+of+gender+on+thermoregulation+and+cholinesterase+inhibition+in+the+long-evans+rat+exposed+to+diazinon.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+Christopher+J%3BMack%2C+Cina+M&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2003-02-14&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+A&rft.issn=15287394&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-03-13 N1 - Date created - 2003-01-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prolonged flooding decreased stem density, tree size and shifted composition towards clonal species in a central Florida hardwood swamp AN - 18648079; 5553777 AB - Human modifications of the landscape often cause changes in regional surface and subsurface water flow that in turn can result in alterations in the natural cycle of flooding and drawdown in wetland ecosystems. In the present study, excessive flooding resulting from altered land-use activities increased mortality in wetland tree communities. We investigated tree decline status, tree size, species composition, and capacity for clonal propagation along an elevation/hydrologic gradient to understand community structure and composition dynamics resulting from excessive flooding. Prior to disturbance, the density of small stems (2cm less than or equal to DBH10cm) doubled with a decrease of 1m elevation along the transect while density of other tree sizes (DBH10cm) remained relatively constant at all elevations. This increase in small stems corresponded with an increase in the number of individuals growing clonally. Tree communities at the highest elevations were dominated by less flood-tolerant species, such as Quercus laurifolia and Liquidambar styraciflua, whereas tree communities at lower elevations were dominated by highly flood-tolerant species such as Nyssa sylvatica var. biflora and Fraxinus caroliniana. Prolonged flooding was causing tree communities at low elevations to shift towards a more shrubby structure and composition dominated by more flood-tolerant species that could regenerate clonally. Among most species, trees greater than 10cm DBH were generally more sensitive to flooding than smaller trees at high levels of flood disturbance and the ability to reproduce clonally was found to be an important mechanism allowing species such as F. caroliniana and Acer rubrum to persist under near permanently flooded conditions. The mechanism of clonal propagation for surviving severe flooding events may be important for wetland forest communities throughout the southeastern US. JF - Forest Ecology and Management AU - Ernst, KA AU - Brooks, J R AD - Tetra Tech EM Inc., San Francisco, CA 94105, USA, brooks.reneej@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/02/03/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Feb 03 SP - 261 EP - 279 PB - Elsevier Science B.V. VL - 173 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-1127, 0378-1127 KW - Black gum KW - Carolina ash KW - Forest management KW - Laurel oak KW - Red maple KW - Sourgum KW - Sweetgum KW - stem density KW - tree size KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Fraxinus caroliniana KW - USA, Florida KW - Nyssa sylvatica biflora KW - Population density KW - Forests KW - Man-induced effects KW - Freshwater KW - Acer rubrum KW - Hardwoods KW - Quercus laurifolia KW - Hydrology KW - Wetlands KW - Plant populations KW - Swamps KW - Land use KW - Community composition KW - Long-term changes KW - Botanical resources KW - Flooding KW - Liquidambar styraciflua KW - Environment management KW - D 04700:Management KW - Q1 08221:General KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18648079?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.atitle=Prolonged+flooding+decreased+stem+density%2C+tree+size+and+shifted+composition+towards+clonal+species+in+a+central+Florida+hardwood+swamp&rft.au=Ernst%2C+KA%3BBrooks%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Ernst&rft.aufirst=KA&rft.date=2003-02-03&rft.volume=173&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.issn=03781127&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Population density; Man-induced effects; Forests; Land use; Community composition; Long-term changes; Botanical resources; Flooding; Hydrology; Wetlands; Plant populations; Swamps; Environment management; Hardwoods; Fraxinus caroliniana; Quercus laurifolia; Nyssa sylvatica biflora; Liquidambar styraciflua; Acer rubrum; USA, Florida; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Real-time PCR method to detect Enterococcus faecalis in water. AN - 73513924; 12882582 AB - A 16S rDNA real-time PCR method was developed to detect Enterococcus faecalis in water samples. The dynamic range for cell detection spanned five logs and the detection limit was determined to be 6 cfu/reaction. The assay was capable of detecting E. faecalis cells added to biofilms from a simulator of a water distribution system and in freshwater samples. Nucleic acid extraction was not required, permitting the detection of E. faecalis cells in less than 3 h. JF - Biotechnology letters AU - Santo Domingo, Jorge W AU - Siefring, Shawn C AU - Haugland, Richard A AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Microbial Exposure Research Branch, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. santodomingo.jorge@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 261 EP - 265 VL - 25 IS - 3 SN - 0141-5492, 0141-5492 KW - DNA, Bacterial KW - 0 KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - DNA, Bacterial -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Water Pollution -- analysis KW - Water -- analysis KW - Enterococcus faecalis -- classification KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction -- methods KW - Water Microbiology KW - Enterococcus faecalis -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73513924?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+letters&rft.atitle=Real-time+PCR+method+to+detect+Enterococcus+faecalis+in+water.&rft.au=Santo+Domingo%2C+Jorge+W%3BSiefring%2C+Shawn+C%3BHaugland%2C+Richard+A&rft.aulast=Santo+Domingo&rft.aufirst=Jorge&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+letters&rft.issn=01415492&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-06 N1 - Date created - 2003-07-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developing and applying an index of environmental integrity for the US Mid-Atlantic region. AN - 73134481; 12654278 AB - Environmental conditions in the Mid-Atlantic region of United States are presently being documented in a series of reports that use 'environmental report cards' to summarize the condition of individual natural resources (e.g. estuaries, streams, forests, and landscapes) over the entire region and within major subregions. An 'index of environmental integrity' (IEI) approach has been developed and is illustrated using the information content of these report cards to evaluate the overall condition throughout the region. The IEI approach is a four-step process: (1) select individual components for the index, (2) calculate subindex values for each of the individual components, (3) aggregate the subindex values into the overall index, and (4) interpretation of index values. The IEI approach was illustrated by applying to the Mid-Atlantic estuaries and wadable streams in the Mid-Atlantic Highlands. Because the IEI approach is new, application should not be made without considering issues such as evaluation of the selection of the indicators, weighting scheme, uncertainties, and appropriate way to interpret the values. JF - Journal of environmental management AU - Paul, John F AD - Atlantic Ecology Division, National Health and Environment Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA. paul.john@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 175 EP - 185 VL - 67 IS - 2 SN - 0301-4797, 0301-4797 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Reference Values KW - Water Supply KW - Risk Assessment KW - Ecosystem KW - Conservation of Natural Resources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73134481?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+management&rft.atitle=Developing+and+applying+an+index+of+environmental+integrity+for+the+US+Mid-Atlantic+region.&rft.au=Paul%2C+John+F&rft.aulast=Paul&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+management&rft.issn=03014797&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-08-08 N1 - Date created - 2003-03-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improvements to EPA method 531.1 for the analysis of carbamates that resulted in the development of U.S. EPA Method 531.2. AN - 73110904; 12639259 AB - This project is undertaken to fully optimize the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Method 531.1 post-column chemistries and to incorporate recent advances in liquid chromatographic separation, post-column derivatization, and detection techniques. Sample preservation and storage stability studies establish citric acid as a suitable replacement for the caustic monochloroacetic acid in the current method and confirm its antimicrobial effectiveness. Performance of an alternate set of commercially available post-column reagents is also investigated. This research has resulted in the publication of Method 531.2, a high-performance liquid chromatographic direct injection method for the analysis of N-methylcarbamoyloximes and N-methylcarbamates using post-column derivatization and fluorescence detection. JF - Journal of chromatographic science AU - Bassett, Martha V AU - Wendelken, Steve C AU - Pepich, Barry V AU - Munch, David J AD - Shaw Environmental, Inc., 26 W. Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. bassett.margie@EPA.gov Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 100 EP - 106 VL - 41 IS - 2 SN - 0021-9665, 0021-9665 KW - Carbamates KW - 0 KW - Insecticides KW - Chlorine KW - 4R7X1O2820 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Spectrometry, Fluorescence KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Chlorine -- chemistry KW - Reference Standards KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid -- methods KW - Insecticides -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73110904?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+chromatographic+science&rft.atitle=Improvements+to+EPA+method+531.1+for+the+analysis+of+carbamates+that+resulted+in+the+development+of+U.S.+EPA+Method+531.2.&rft.au=Bassett%2C+Martha+V%3BWendelken%2C+Steve+C%3BPepich%2C+Barry+V%3BMunch%2C+David+J&rft.aulast=Bassett&rft.aufirst=Martha&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=100&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+chromatographic+science&rft.issn=00219665&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-16 N1 - Date created - 2003-03-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods and rationale for derivation of a reference dose for methylmercury by the U.S. EPA. AN - 73103453; 12635727 AB - In 2001, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency derived a reference dose (RfD) for methylmercury, which is a daily intake that is likely to be without appreciable risk of deleterious effects during a lifetime. This derivation used a series of benchmark dose (BMD) analyses provided by a National Research Council (NRC) panel convened to assess the health effects of methylmercury. Analyses were performed for a number of endpoints from three large longitudinal cohort studies of the neuropsychological consequences of in utero exposure to methylmercury: the Faroe Islands, Seychelles Islands, and New Zealand studies. Adverse effects were identified in the Faroe Islands and New Zealand studies, but not in the Seychelles Islands. The NRC also performed an integrative analysis of all three studies. The EPA applied a total uncertainty factor (UF) of 10 for intrahuman toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic variability and uncertainty. Dose conversion from cord blood mercury concentrations to maternal methylmercury intake was performed using a one-compartment model. Derivation of potential RfDs from a number of endpoints from the Faroe Islands study converged on 0.1 microg/kg/day, as did the integrative analysis of all three studies. EPA identified several areas for which further information or analyses is needed. Perhaps the most immediately relevant is the ratio of cord:maternal blood mercury concentration, as well as the variability around this ratio. EPA assumed in its dose conversion that the ratio was 1.0; however, available data suggest it is perhaps 1.5-2.0. Verification of a deviation from unity presumably would be translated directly into comparable reduction in the RfD. Other areas that EPA identified as significant areas requiring further attention are cardiovascular consequences of methylmercury exposure and delayed neurotoxicity during aging as a result of previous developmental or adult exposure. JF - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis AU - Rice, Deborah C AU - Schoeny, Rita AU - Mahaffey, Kate AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. rice.deborah@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 107 EP - 115 VL - 23 IS - 1 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Methylmercury Compounds KW - 0 KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Fetal Blood -- chemistry KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Mercury -- blood KW - Humans KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Seychelles KW - Longitudinal Studies KW - Maternal Exposure KW - Pregnancy KW - Risk Assessment KW - Cohort Studies KW - Denmark KW - Female KW - New Zealand KW - Methylmercury Compounds -- standards KW - Methylmercury Compounds -- administration & dosage KW - Methylmercury Compounds -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73103453?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Methods+and+rationale+for+derivation+of+a+reference+dose+for+methylmercury+by+the+U.S.+EPA.&rft.au=Rice%2C+Deborah+C%3BSchoeny%2C+Rita%3BMahaffey%2C+Kate&rft.aulast=Rice&rft.aufirst=Deborah&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-05-01 N1 - Date created - 2003-03-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recovery of semivolatile organic compounds during sample preparation: implications for characterization of airborne particulate matter. AN - 73089327; 12630478 AB - Semivolatile compounds present special analytical challenges not met by conventional methods for analysis of ambient particulate matter (PM). Accurate quantification of PM-associated organic compounds requires validation of the laboratory procedures for recovery over a wide volatility and polarity range. To meet these challenges, solutions of n-alkanes (nC12-nC40) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAHs (naphthalene to benzo[ghi]perylene) were reduced in volume from a solvent mixture (equal volumes of hexane, dichloromethane and methanol), to examine recovery after reduction in volume. When the extract solution volume reached 0.5 mL the solvent was entirely methanol, and the recovery averaged 60% for n-alkanes nC12-nC25 and PAHs from naphthalene to chrysene. Recovery of higher MW compounds decreased with MW, because of their insolubility in methanol. When the walls of the flasks were washed with 1 mL of equal parts hexane and dichloromethane (to reconstruct the original solvent composition), the recovery of nC18 and higher MW compounds increased dramatically, up to 100% for nC22-nC32 and then slowly decreasing with MW due to insolubility. To examine recovery during extraction of the components of the High Capacity Integrated Gas and Particle Sampler, the same standards were used to spike its denuders and filters. For XAD-4 coated denuders and filters, normalized recovery was >95% after two extractions. Recovery from spiked quartz filters matched the recovery from the coated surfaces for alkanes nC18 and larger and for fluoranthene and larger PAHs. Lower MW compounds evaporated from the quartz filter with the spiking solvent. This careful approach allowed quantification of organics by correcting for volatility- and solubility-related sample preparation losses. This method is illustrated for an ambient sample collected with this sampler during the Texas Air Quality Study 2000. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Swartz, Erick AU - Stockburger, Leonard AU - Gundel, Lara A AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 2003/02/01/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Feb 01 SP - 597 EP - 605 VL - 37 IS - 3 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Particle Size KW - Specimen Handling KW - Volatilization KW - Molecular Weight KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73089327?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Recovery+of+semivolatile+organic+compounds+during+sample+preparation%3A+implications+for+characterization+of+airborne+particulate+matter.&rft.au=Swartz%2C+Erick%3BStockburger%2C+Leonard%3BGundel%2C+Lara+A&rft.aulast=Swartz&rft.aufirst=Erick&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=597&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-06-04 N1 - Date created - 2003-03-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protocol for laboratory testing of crude-oil bioremediation products in freshwater conditions. AN - 73064366; 12612785 AB - In 1993, the Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory (EPA, NRMRL), with the National Environmental Technology Application Center (NETAC), developed a protocol for evaluation of bioremediation products in marine environments [18]. The marine protocol was adapted for application in freshwater environments by using a chemically defined medium and an oil-degrading consortium as a positive control. Four products were tested using the modified protocol: two with nutrients and an oleophilic component; one with nutrients, sorbent, and organisms; and one microbial stimulant. A separate experiment evaluated the use of HEPES and MOPSO buffers as replacements for phosphate buffer. The oleophilic nutrient products yielded oil degradation similar to the positive control, with an average alkane removal of 97.1+/-2.3% and an aromatic hydrocarbon removal of 64.8+/-1.2%. The positive control, which received inoculum plus nutrients, demonstrated alkane degradation of 98.9+/-0.1% and aromatic degradation of 52.9+/-0.1%. The sorbent-based product with inoculum failed to demonstrate oil degradation, while the microbial stimulant showed less oil degradation than the positive control. Replacement of phosphate buffer with other buffers had no significant effect on one product's performance. Differences in product performance were easily distinguishable using the protocol, and performance targets for alkane and aromatic hydrocarbon degradation are suggested. JF - Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology AU - Haines, J R AU - Koran, K M AU - Holder, E L AU - Venosa, A D AD - National Risk Management Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, 26 Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. haines.john@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 107 EP - 113 VL - 30 IS - 2 SN - 1367-5435, 1367-5435 KW - Alkanes KW - 0 KW - Buffers KW - Culture Media KW - Hydrocarbons, Aromatic KW - Petroleum KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - Hydrocarbons, Aromatic -- analysis KW - Oxygen Consumption KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Alkanes -- analysis KW - Petroleum -- metabolism KW - Fresh Water -- microbiology KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- metabolism KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73064366?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+industrial+microbiology+%26+biotechnology&rft.atitle=Protocol+for+laboratory+testing+of+crude-oil+bioremediation+products+in+freshwater+conditions.&rft.au=Haines%2C+J+R%3BKoran%2C+K+M%3BHolder%2C+E+L%3BVenosa%2C+A+D&rft.aulast=Haines&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+industrial+microbiology+%26+biotechnology&rft.issn=13675435&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-07-22 N1 - Date created - 2003-03-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Survival of Salmonella in waste egg wash water. AN - 73027283; 12597482 AB - Waste wash waters from chicken egg-processing facilities can harbor high densities of bacteria, including salmonellae. For this study, we enumerated total coliforms, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella spp. in the egg wash waters of a large egg producer. We then determined how long these organisms would survive at temperatures of 5, 15, and 25 degrees C. We found that the fraction of salmonellae surviving over time at a given temperature was comparable to the fraction of indicator organisms that survived. We also found that the survival of these organisms varied with temperature, with 16, 8, and < 2 days being required for a 90% reduction of Salmonella in waste wash water held at 5, 15, and 25 degrees C, respectively. Finally, we noted that the response of laboratory-derived cultures to environmental stresses mimics the response of the indigenous microbial population, but individual cells within that population may survive for longer periods than laboratory-cultured strains. JF - Journal of food protection AU - Meckes, Mark C AU - Johnson, Clifford H AU - Rice, Eugene W AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, 26 West Martin Lather King Drive, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA. meckes.mark@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 233 EP - 236 VL - 66 IS - 2 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Index Medicus KW - Salmonella Food Poisoning -- etiology KW - Animals KW - Chickens KW - Salmonella Food Poisoning -- prevention & control KW - Waste Disposal, Fluid KW - Humans KW - Enterobacteriaceae -- growth & development KW - Temperature KW - Escherichia coli -- growth & development KW - Time Factors KW - Egg Shell -- microbiology KW - Food Microbiology KW - Salmonella -- growth & development KW - Food Handling -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73027283?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.atitle=Survival+of+Salmonella+in+waste+egg+wash+water.&rft.au=Meckes%2C+Mark+C%3BJohnson%2C+Clifford+H%3BRice%2C+Eugene+W&rft.aulast=Meckes&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+food+protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-05-13 N1 - Date created - 2003-02-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chlorine inactivation of spores of Encephalitozoon spp. AN - 72999714; 12571067 AB - This report is an extension of a preliminary investigation on the use of chlorine to inactivate spores of Encephalitozoon intestinalis and to investigate the effect of chlorine on two other species, E cuniculi and E. hellem, associated with human infection. The 50% tissue culture infective doses of these three species were also determined. On the basis of the results obtained, it appears that chlorination of water is an effective means of controlling spores of these organisms in the aquatic environment. JF - Applied and environmental microbiology AU - Johnson, C H AU - Marshall, M M AU - DeMaria, L A AU - Moffet, J M AU - Korich, D G AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA. johnson.cliff@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 1325 EP - 1326 VL - 69 IS - 2 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Chlorine KW - 4R7X1O2820 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Encephalitozoon cuniculi -- pathogenicity KW - Spores, Protozoan -- physiology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Kidney -- cytology KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Rabbits KW - Parasitology -- methods KW - Spores, Protozoan -- drug effects KW - Encephalitozoon cuniculi -- physiology KW - Encephalitozoon cuniculi -- drug effects KW - Disinfection -- methods KW - Encephalitozoon -- physiology KW - Encephalitozoon -- classification KW - Chlorine -- pharmacology KW - Encephalitozoon -- pathogenicity KW - Encephalitozoon -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72999714?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.atitle=Chlorine+inactivation+of+spores+of+Encephalitozoon+spp.&rft.au=Johnson%2C+C+H%3BMarshall%2C+M+M%3BDeMaria%2C+L+A%3BMoffet%2C+J+M%3BKorich%2C+D+G&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-15 N1 - Date created - 2003-02-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Infect Dis. 1999 Dec;180(6):2003-8 [10558958] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2000 Apr;66(4):1266-73 [10742198] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1998 Sep;64(9):3332-5 [9726879] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1997 Dec;63(12):4969-70 [9406419] J Eukaryot Microbiol. 1997 Nov-Dec;44(6):78S [9508458] J Eukaryot Microbiol. 2000 May-Jun;47(3):294-8 [10847347] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors influencing the design of bioaccumulation factor and biota-sediment accumulation factor field studies. AN - 72982583; 12558167 AB - A series of modeling simulations was performed to evaluate the underlying factors and principles that drive the uncertainty in measured bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) and biota-sediment accumulation factors (BSAFs) for fish, and to determine which sampling designs minimize those uncertainties. Temporal variability of chemical concentrations in the water column, and the metabolism rate and n-octanol-water partition coefficient (Kow) for the chemical were determined to be the dominant factors that influenced the field-sampling design. Spatial variability of the chemical concentrations, food web structure, and the sediment-water column concentration quotient had a lesser importance upon the overall design. The simulations also demonstrated that collection of composite water samples in comparison to grab water samples resulted in reductions in the uncertainties associated with measured BAFs. Some illustrative sampling design structures for BAF and BSAF measurements based upon the temporal variability of chemical concentrations in the water column and the metabolism rate and Kow for the chemical were developed. These illustrative designs provided a sense of how sampling design structures, that is, the number and spacing over time of sampling events, might be influenced by differences in temporal variabilities, metabolism rates, and Kow. Although the importance of spatial variability was discounted as a major factor in the design process, sampling of water and sediment across the immediate home range of the sampled organism is required for successful measurements because poor spatial coordination of organism, water, or sediment samples will yield BAFs and BSAFs with large and unknown biases. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Burkhard, Lawrence P AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Boulevard, Duluth, Minnesota 55804, USA. burkhard.lawrence@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 351 EP - 360 VL - 22 IS - 2 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Ecosystem KW - Animals KW - Fishes -- metabolism KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Geologic Sediments -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- pharmacokinetics KW - Research Design KW - Models, Biological UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72982583?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=Factors+influencing+the+design+of+bioaccumulation+factor+and+biota-sediment+accumulation+factor+field+studies.&rft.au=Burkhard%2C+Lawrence+P&rft.aulast=Burkhard&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=351&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-29 N1 - Date created - 2003-01-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Land-cover assessment of conservation and buffer zones in the BOSAWAS natural resource reserve of Nicaragua. AN - 72950248; 12520380 AB - The BOSAWAS Natural Resource Reserve of Nicaragua was established in 1991, to protect a portion of the remaining tropical rain forest and to promote the sustainable use of the region's resources. Information required to effectively manage the reserve includes the extents and locations of present land-cover types and recent land-cover changes in the management use zones that were delineated by local indigenous communities. These zones include areas designated for conservation, limited resource extraction, agriculture, and watershed protection. Land-cover for 1986 and 1995 was identified for three of the communities from remotely sensed images and then input into a geographic information system database to identify land-cover types within these management use zones. For both dates of the analysis, advanced forest was the dominant land cover, with the conservation zones entirely forested. The amount of both agricultural land and scrub/early secondary forest increased between the two dates, with much of these land-cover classes occurring in the agriculture zones. Conflicts between the land-cover present and designated use were identified in some of the limited-use buffer and watershed protection zones. Changes between 1986 and 1995 were identified by overlaying the two land-cover data sets. Three change processes were identified as occurring: deforestation, reforestation, and reconversion. Changes were concentrated in the agriculture zones but were found to occur in every type of zone, except for conservation. The results of this study will establish baseline information for the future management of the BOSAWAS Reserve, an important component in uniting conservation areas along the Central American isthmus. JF - Environmental management AU - Smith, Jonathan H AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Landscape Characterization Branch, E243-05, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 252 EP - 262 VL - 31 IS - 2 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Agriculture KW - Population Dynamics KW - Nicaragua KW - Tropical Climate KW - Ecosystem KW - Trees KW - Forestry KW - Conservation of Natural Resources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72950248?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+management&rft.atitle=Land-cover+assessment+of+conservation+and+buffer+zones+in+the+BOSAWAS+natural+resource+reserve+of+Nicaragua.&rft.au=Smith%2C+Jonathan+H&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=252&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-29 N1 - Date created - 2003-01-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using municipal biosolids in combination with other residuals to restore metal-contaminated mining areas AN - 20710694; 5588812 AB - High metal waste materials from historic mining at the Bunker Hill, Idaho (ID) Superfund site was amended with a range of materials including municipal biosolids, woody debris, wood ash, pulp and paper sludge, and compost. The existing soil or waste material has elevated metal concentrations with total Zn, Pb and Cd ranging from 6000 to 14 700, 2100 to 27 000 and 9 to 28 mg kg super(-1), respectively. Surface application of certain amendments including biosolids mixed with wood ash resulted in significant decreases in subsoil acidity as well as subsoil extractable metals. This mixture was sufficient to restore a plant cover to the contaminated areas. At the Bunker Hill site, a surface application of high N biosolids (44 or 66 tons ha super(-1)) in combination with wood ash (220 tons ha super(-1)) with or without log yard debris (20% by volume) or pulp and paper sludge (44 tons ha super(-1)) was able to restore a vegetative cover to the metal contaminated materials for 2 years following amendment application. Plant biomass in 1999 was 0.01 mg ha super(-1) in the control versus a mean of 3.4 tons ha super(-1) in the residual amended plots. Metal concentrations of the vegetation indicated that plants were within normal concentrations for the 2 years that data were collected. Surface application of amendments was also able to reduce Ca(NO sub(3)) sub(2) extractable Zn in the subsoil from about 50 mg kg super(-1)in the control to less than 4 mg kg super(-1)in two of the treatments. Use of conventional amendments including lime alone and microbial stimulants were not sufficient to support plant growth. These results indicate that surface application of biosolids in combination with other residuals is sufficient to restore a vegetative cover to high metal mine wastes. JF - Plant and Soil AU - Brown, S L AU - Henry, CL AU - Chaney, R AU - Compton, H AU - DeVolder, P S AD - Ecosystem Sciences, College of Forest Resources, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.US Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Response Team, Edison, NJ, USA., slb@u.washington.edu. Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - Feb 2003 SP - 203 EP - 215 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 249 IS - 1 SN - 0032-079X, 0032-079X KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - hills KW - Waste Management KW - Lead KW - Soil KW - Mining wastes KW - Metal concentrations KW - Zinc KW - Cadmium KW - Biosolids KW - Acidity KW - Detritus KW - plant biomass KW - Compost KW - Metals KW - Plant Growth KW - Ash KW - Wood KW - Vegetation KW - Lime KW - Sludge Disposal KW - USA, Idaho KW - Soil Amendments KW - Plants KW - Mine Wastes KW - subsoils KW - Mining KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20710694?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+and+Soil&rft.atitle=Using+municipal+biosolids+in+combination+with+other+residuals+to+restore+metal-contaminated+mining+areas&rft.au=Brown%2C+S+L%3BHenry%2C+CL%3BChaney%2C+R%3BCompton%2C+H%3BDeVolder%2C+P+S&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=249&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+and+Soil&rft.issn=0032079X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Compost; Metals; hills; Ash; Vegetation; Wood; Lime; Lead; Soil; Mining wastes; Metal concentrations; Zinc; Plants; subsoils; Cadmium; Mining; Acidity; Biosolids; plant biomass; Sludge Disposal; Soil Amendments; Waste Management; Plant Growth; Mine Wastes; Detritus; USA, Idaho ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Joint acute toxicity of esfenvalerate and diazinon to larval fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) AN - 20601352; 5605972 AB - California (USA) agriculture employs pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides to control insects in orchards and other crops. Diazinon and esfenvalerate were selected for this study because of their application overlaps. Toxicological and biochemical responses of larval fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) exposed singly and in combinations to esfenvalerate and diazinon were determined. Exposures were 96-h static renewal tests that used standard U.S. Environmental Protection Agency acute toxicity test methods. After pesticide exposures, larvae were evaluated for carboxylesterase and acetylcholinesterase activity, and histopathological effects. Carboxylesterase activity was examined because of its potential influence on the toxicity of both organophosphates and pyrethroids. In vivo studies demonstrated that diazinon significantly inhibited carboxylesterase activity at nominal water concentrations as low as 50 mu g/L. However, esfenvalerate did not affect carboxylesterase activity at any concentration tested. Liver glycogen depletion was the only histopathological effect observed; this effect was demonstrated with the individual pesticides and pesticide combinations (i.e., mixtures). The combinations of diazinon and esfenvalerate causing acute toxicity to fathead minnow larvae appeared to be greater than additive (i.e., synergistic) in all three tests. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Denton, D L AU - Wheelock, CE AU - Murray, SA AU - Deanovic, LA AU - Hammock, B D AU - Hinton, DE AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region IX, Sacramento, California 95814, USA, denton.debra@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - Feb 2003 SP - 336 EP - 341 VL - 22 IS - 2 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Diazinon KW - Fathead minnow KW - esfenvalerate KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - acute toxicity KW - Organophosphates KW - Histopathology KW - Freshwater KW - insects KW - Fish larvae KW - Agricultural Chemicals KW - Insecticides KW - Exposure KW - USA, California KW - Enzymatic activity KW - Pyrethroids KW - Testing Procedures KW - agriculture KW - Larvae KW - Fathead Minnows KW - Toxicity KW - EPA KW - Pimephales promelas KW - Lethal limits KW - Acute Toxicity KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Pesticides KW - Histochemistry KW - X 24131:Acute exposure KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20601352?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Joint+acute+toxicity+of+esfenvalerate+and+diazinon+to+larval+fathead+minnows+%28Pimephales+promelas%29&rft.au=Denton%2C+D+L%3BWheelock%2C+CE%3BMurray%2C+SA%3BDeanovic%2C+LA%3BHammock%2C+B+D%3BHinton%2C+DE&rft.aulast=Denton&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=336&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Insecticides; Lethal limits; Enzymatic activity; Toxicity; Histochemistry; Fish larvae; Pesticides; Larvae; Diazinon; toxicity testing; acute toxicity; Organophosphates; agriculture; Histopathology; insects; EPA; Pyrethroids; Testing Procedures; Agricultural Chemicals; Acute Toxicity; Exposure; Water Pollution Effects; Fathead Minnows; Pimephales promelas; USA, California; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Source-sink balance and carbon allocation below ground in plants exposed to ozone AN - 19191394; 5778084 AB - The role of tropospheric ozone in altering plant growth and development has been the subject of thousands of publications over the last several decades. Still, there is limited understanding regarding the possible effects of ozone on soil processes. In this review, the effects of ozone are discussed using the flow of carbon from the atmosphere, through the plant to soils, and back to the atmosphere as a framework. A conceptual model based on carbohydrate signaling is used to illustrate physiological changes in response to ozone, and to discuss possible feedbacks that may occur. Despite past emphasis on aboveground effects, ozone has the potential to alter belowground processes and hence ecosystem characteristics in ways that are not currently being considered. JF - New Phytologist AU - Andersen, C P AD - Western Ecology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, 200 SW 35th St, Corvallis, Oregon 97333, USA, andersen.christian@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - Feb 2003 SP - 213 EP - 228 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd. VL - 157 IS - 2 SN - 0028-646X, 0028-646X KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Growth KW - Carbon KW - Reviews KW - Plants KW - Troposphere KW - Ozone KW - D 04625:Plants - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19191394?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Phytologist&rft.atitle=Source-sink+balance+and+carbon+allocation+below+ground+in+plants+exposed+to+ozone&rft.au=Andersen%2C+C+P&rft.aulast=Andersen&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=157&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=New+Phytologist&rft.issn=0028646X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1469-8137.2003.00674.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reviews; Ozone; Plants; Carbon; Growth; Troposphere DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00674.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bracken (Pteridium aquilinum L.) frond biomass and rhizosphere microbial community characteristics are correlated to edaphic factors AN - 18716664; 5603768 AB - Bracken is a broadly distributed weedy fern common in disturbed habitats. Frond and rhizosphere soil samples were obtained from bracken growing in three clearcut locations in the Willamette National Forest in western Oregon. The highest frond biomass was correlated with soil having the highest total %N, lowest Fe content and oldest geological age. Based on analysis of variance of principal component scores for patterns of utilization of substrates on Biolog GN plates, metabolic profiles of rhizosphere microbial communities of bracken differed significantly between locations. Utilization of carbohydrates and phosphorylated compounds was positively correlated with organic matter (OM) and total N and negatively correlated with extractable Fe and Mn content of soil. Carboxylic acid utilization was positively correlated with pH and OM and negatively correlated with extractable Mn and P content of soils. Pseudomonas rDNA fingerprints of bracken rhizosphere samples suggested that the diversity of pseudomonads at the location with the most acidic (pH 5.5) soil (Burnside Road) differed from those at less acidic (pH 6.2 and 6.1) locations (Falls Creek and Toad Road). Mycorrhizal infection of bracken was lowest at Falls Creek, the location with the highest %N soil content. Our results suggest that bracken frond biomass and rhizosphere microbial community characteristics are correlated with local edaphic factors such as soil chemistry and geological age. JF - Plant and Soil AU - Watrud, L S AU - Maggard, S AU - Shiroyama, T AU - Coleman, C G AU - Johnson, M G AU - Donegan, K K AU - Giovanni, G D AU - Porteous, LA AU - Henry Lee, E AD - U. S. E. P. A.,National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Western Ecology Division, 200 SW 35th Street, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA., watrud.lidia@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - Feb 2003 SP - 359 EP - 371 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 249 IS - 2 SN - 0032-079X, 0032-079X KW - Bracken KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - A 01047:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18716664?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+and+Soil&rft.atitle=Bracken+%28Pteridium+aquilinum+L.%29+frond+biomass+and+rhizosphere+microbial+community+characteristics+are+correlated+to+edaphic+factors&rft.au=Watrud%2C+L+S%3BMaggard%2C+S%3BShiroyama%2C+T%3BColeman%2C+C+G%3BJohnson%2C+M+G%3BDonegan%2C+K+K%3BGiovanni%2C+G+D%3BPorteous%2C+LA%3BHenry+Lee%2C+E&rft.aulast=Watrud&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=249&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=359&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+and+Soil&rft.issn=0032079X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of a Rapid, Quantitative Real-Time PCR Method for Enumeration of Pathogenic Candida Cells in Water AN - 18710434; 5588424 AB - Quantitative PCR (QPCR) technology, incorporating fluorigenic 5' nuclease (TaqMan) chemistry, was utilized for the specific detection and quantification of six pathogenic species of Candida (C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. krusei, C. parapsilosis, C. glabrata and C. lusitaniae) in water. Known numbers of target cells were added to distilled and tap water samples, filtered, and disrupted directly on the membranes for recovery of DNA for QPCR analysis. The assay's sensitivities were between one and three cells per filter. The accuracy of the cell estimates was between 50 and 200% of their true value (95% confidence level). In similar tests with surface water samples, the presence of PCR inhibitory compounds necessitated further purification and/or dilution of the DNA extracts, with resultant reductions in sensitivity but generally not in quantitative accuracy. Analyses of a series of freshwater samples collected from a recreational beach showed positive correlations between the QPCR results and colony counts of the corresponding target species. Positive correlations were also seen between the cell quantities of the target Candida species detected in these analyses and colony counts of Enterococcus organisms. With a combined sample processing and analysis time of less than 4 h, this method shows great promise as a tool for rapidly assessing potential exposures to waterborne pathogenic Candida species from drinking and recreational waters and may have applications in the detection of fecal pollution. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Brinkman, N E AU - Haugland, R A AU - Wymer, L J AU - Byappanahalli, M AU - Whitman, R L AU - Vesper, S J AD - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 West M. L. King Dr., Mail Stop 314, Cincinnati, OH 45268, haugland.rich@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - Feb 2003 SP - 1775 EP - 1782 VL - 69 IS - 3 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - A 01108:Other water systems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18710434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+a+Rapid%2C+Quantitative+Real-Time+PCR+Method+for+Enumeration+of+Pathogenic+Candida+Cells+in+Water&rft.au=Brinkman%2C+N+E%3BHaugland%2C+R+A%3BWymer%2C+L+J%3BByappanahalli%2C+M%3BWhitman%2C+R+L%3BVesper%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Brinkman&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1775&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.69.3.1775-1782.2003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.69.3.1775-1782.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of streams of the eastern United States using a periphyton index of biotic integrity AN - 18701308; 5592576 AB - Benthic algae were collected from 272 eastern United States streams and rivers and analyzed for diatom species richness and dominance, the relative abundance of acidobiontic, eutraphentic, and motile diatoms, standing crops of chlorophyll and biomass, and alkaline phosphatase activity. These data were used to calculate a periphyton index of biotic integrity (PIBI), and values of the index were compared among reference, moderately impacted, and disturbed streams. The level of disturbance was based on stream chemistry, riparian disturbance, or a combined classification. Analyses of variance showed that PIBI was significantly higher in reference streams for all classifications. The PIBI and its metrics were correlated with many of the chemistry and habitat variables, and canonical correlation analysis revealed three significant environmental gradients which extracted 84% of the variance in the PIBI and its metrics. We used the mean 75th, 25th, and 5th percentile scores from the reference sites to set thresholds for excellent, good, fair, or poor condition. Applying these criteria to the cumulative distribution of total stream length in the region, we found that 4.3% of the stream length was in excellent condition; 20.8% in good condition; 56.4% in fair condition; and 18.5% in poor condition. The sensitivity of the PIBI and its component metrics to environmental stressors supports the use of this index for monitoring ecological conditions in streams in the eastern United States and as a tool to aid in diagnosing the causes of their impairment. JF - Ecological Indicators AU - Hill, B H AU - Herlihy, A T AU - Kaufmann, PR AU - DeCelles, S J AU - Borgh, MAV AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, 6201 Congdon Boulevard, Duluth, MN 55804, USA, hill.brian@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - Feb 2003 SP - 325 EP - 338 VL - 2 IS - 4 SN - 1470-160X, 1470-160X KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04310:Freshwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18701308?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Indicators&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+streams+of+the+eastern+United+States+using+a+periphyton+index+of+biotic+integrity&rft.au=Hill%2C+B+H%3BHerlihy%2C+A+T%3BKaufmann%2C+PR%3BDeCelles%2C+S+J%3BBorgh%2C+MAV&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Indicators&rft.issn=1470160X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1470-160X%2802%2900062-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1470-160X(02)00062-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbohydrate use and assimilation by litter and soil fungi assessed by carbon isotopes and BIOLOG super() assays AN - 18687470; 5585868 AB - Soil fungi are integral to decomposition in forests and other habitats, yet identifying probable functional roles of different taxa is problematic. Here, we compared carbohydrate assimilation patterns derived from stable isotope analyses on cultures with patterns of metabolic activity measured on Biolog super() SF-P plates for 12 taxa of soil- and litter-inhabiting saprotrophic fungi isolated from Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) ecosystems. To determine the relative assimilation of carbon from malt extract versus sucrose by super(13)C stable isotope analyses, we cultured fungi with malt extract (consisting primarily of glucose and maltose) plus either C sub(3)- or C sub(4)-derived sucrose as carbon sources. Rhodotorula graminis and F. oxysporum assimilated the highest proportion of sucrose, a Mortierella isolate and an unidentified sterile isolate (FPC 341) assimilated the lowest proportion of sucrose, and remaining cultures assimilated similar and intermediate proportions of sucrose. On Biolog plates, low metabolic activity of Mortierella and FPC 341 on sucrose and R. graminis and F. oxysporum on maltose were qualitatively consistent with isotopic results. Assimilation of sucrose calculated isotopically was correlated with the ratio of sucrose: maltose activity calculated from Biolog assays (r super(2)=0.45, P=0.0145, n=12). Metabolic activity on Biolog plates for six other common soil carbohydrates were also determined: glucose, fructose, galactose, cellobiose, lactose, and glycogen. Metabolic activity was greatest overall on maltose and glucose and lowest on fructose. Two of the isolates (Aspergillus flavus and F. oxysporum) had higher metabolic activity on the glucose-containing disaccharide cellobiose than on glucose, strongly suggesting preferential uptake of cellobiose compared to glucose and suggesting the potential ability to use cellulose. The high metabolic activity of these cultures on galactose, a primary constituent of hemicellulose, also suggested cellulolytic capabilities. Our results indicated that stable isotope studies and Biolog assays may provide complementary information to characterize metabolic potential of fungi in forest litter and soil. JF - Soil Biology and Biochemistry AU - Hobbie, E A AU - Watrud, L S AU - Maggard, S AU - Shiroyama, T AU - Rygiewicz, P T AD - National Research Council, US Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA, erik.hobbie@unh.edu Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - Feb 2003 SP - 303 EP - 311 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd. VL - 35 IS - 2 SN - 0038-0717, 0038-0717 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Ecology Abstracts KW - A 01047:General KW - D 04600:Soil UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18687470?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Biology+and+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Carbohydrate+use+and+assimilation+by+litter+and+soil+fungi+assessed+by+carbon+isotopes+and+BIOLOG+super%28%29+assays&rft.au=Hobbie%2C+E+A%3BWatrud%2C+L+S%3BMaggard%2C+S%3BShiroyama%2C+T%3BRygiewicz%2C+P+T&rft.aulast=Hobbie&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Biology+and+Biochemistry&rft.issn=00380717&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0038-0717%2802%2900281-X LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0717(02)00281-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhaled Environmental Combustion Particles Cause Myocardial Injury in the Wistar Kyoto Rat AN - 18677838; 5576310 AB - Epidemiologists have associated particulate matter (PM) air pollution with cardiovascular morbidity and premature mortality worldwide. However, experimental evidence demonstrating causality and pathogenesis of particulate matter (PM)-induced cardiovascular damage has been insufficient. We hypothesized that protracted, repeated inhalation by rats of oil combustion-derived, fugitive emission PM (EPM), similar in metal composition to selected sources of urban air PM, causes exposure duration- and dose-dependent myocardial injury in susceptible rat strains. Zinc was the only primary water-leachable/bioavailable element of this EPM. Male Sprague-Dawley (SD), Wistar Kyoto (WKY), and spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats were exposed nose-only to EPM (2, 5, or 10 mg/m super(3), 6 h/day for 4 consecutive days or 10 mg/m super(3), 6 h/day, 1 day/week for 4 or 16 consecutive weeks). Two days following the last EPM exposure, cardiac and pulmonary tissues were examined histologically. The results showed that particle-laden alveolar macrophages were the only pulmonary lesions observed in all three rat strains. However, WKY rats exposed to EPM (10 mg/m super(3) 6 h/day, 1 day/week for 16 weeks) demonstrated cardiac lesions with inflammation and degeneration. To further characterize the nature of EPM- associated lesions, more rigorous histopathological and histochemical techniques were employed for WKY and SD rats. We examined the hearts for myocardial degeneration, inflammation, fibrosis, calcium deposits, apoptosis, and the presence of mast cells. Decreased numbers of granulated mast cells, and multifocal myocardial degeneration, chronic-active inflammation, and fibrosis were present in 5 of 6 WKY rats exposed to EPM for 16 weeks. None of these lesions were present in WKY exposed to clean air. EPM-related cardiac lesions were indistinguishable from air-exposed controls in SD and SH rats. This study demonstrates that long-term inhalation exposures to environmentally relevant PM containing bioavailable zinc can cause myocardial injury in sensitive rats. These findings provide supportive evidence for the epidemiological associations of cardiovascular morbidity and ambient PM. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Kodavanti, U P AU - Moyer, C F AU - Ledbetter, AD AU - Schladweiler, M C AU - Costa, D L AU - Hauser, R AU - Christiani, D C AU - Nyska, A AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, Experimental Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709 Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - Feb 2003 SP - 237 EP - 245 VL - 71 IS - 2 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - particles KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18677838?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Inhaled+Environmental+Combustion+Particles+Cause+Myocardial+Injury+in+the+Wistar+Kyoto+Rat&rft.au=Kodavanti%2C+U+P%3BMoyer%2C+C+F%3BLedbetter%2C+AD%3BSchladweiler%2C+M+C%3BCosta%2C+D+L%3BHauser%2C+R%3BChristiani%2C+D+C%3BNyska%2C+A&rft.aulast=Kodavanti&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk assessment dosimetry model for inhaled particulate matter: I. Human subjects AN - 18670113; 5563912 AB - Pollutant particulate matter (PM) is a serious global problem, presenting a threat to the health and well being of human subjects. Inhalation exposures tests with surrogate animals can be performed to estimate the threat. However, it is difficult to extrapolate the findings of animal tests to human conditions. In this two-part series, interspecies dosimetry models especially designed for implementation with risk assessment protocols are presented. In Part I, the mathematical integrity of the source model per se was tested with data from human subjects, and theoretical predictions agreed well with experimental measurements. In Part II, for surrogate (rat) simulations, appropriate algorithms for morphologies and ventilatory parameters were used as subroutines in the validated model. We conducted a comprehensive series of computer simulations describing the behavior of a representative air pollutant, secondary cigarette smoke. For risk assessment interests, a range of states from rest to exercise was considered. PM hygroscopicity had a pronounced effect on deposition in a complex but systematic manner, in humans and rats: deposition was increased for particles larger than about 1 mu m, but was decreased for particles smaller than about 0.1 mu m. The results clearly indicate that dosimetry models can be effectively used to a priori determine the laboratory conditions necessary for animals tests to accurately mimic human conditions. Moreover, the use of interspecies models is very cost effective. We propose, therefore, that mathematical models be used in a complementary manner with inhalation exposure experiments and be actively integrated into PM risk assessment protocols. JF - Toxicology Letters AU - Martonen, T B AU - Schroeter, J D AD - Experimental Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, martonen.ted@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - Feb 2003 SP - 119 EP - 132 VL - 138 IS - 1-2 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - man KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18670113?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+Letters&rft.atitle=Risk+assessment+dosimetry+model+for+inhaled+particulate+matter%3A+I.+Human+subjects&rft.au=Martonen%2C+T+B%3BSchroeter%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Martonen&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=119&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+Letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0378-4274%2802%2900411-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4274(02)00411-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A case study of lead contamination cleanup effectiveness at Bunker Hill AN - 16150263; 5557064 AB - A review of cleanup effectiveness at Bunker Hill Superfund Site (BHSS) has shown that yard soil cleanup is an effective tool for reducing house dust lead concentrations, thereby reducing children's blood lead levels. This review has also shown that contiguous cleanup of residences has a three-fold greater reduction of children's blood lead levels compared with cleaning only those homes where children currently reside by reducing exposures attributable to neighboring properties. This review underscores the importance of a community- wide, preventative approach to controlling lead contamination in soil and house dust. This review has further characterized the need for careful design, implementation, and perpetual maintenance of a community-wide lead cleanup. Several key areas of importance to maintain large scale mining/smelting remedies in the Bunker Hill area were analyzed and noted for further action, including: infrastructure, institutional controls for homeowner projects (post cleanup), erosion control for undeveloped hillsides with potential to impact the developed valley floor, drainage improvements and flood control, waste piles, and increasing the rate at which cleanup proceeds. Focusing on these areas is crucial to minimizing recontamination at a large scale lead cleanup. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Sheldrake, S AU - Stifelman, M AD - USEPA/Environmental Cleanup Office, 1200 Sixth Avenue/Mailstop: ECL-113, Seattle, WA 98101-1128, USA, sheldrake.sean@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - Feb 2003 SP - 105 EP - 123 VL - 303 IS - 1-2 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Bunker Hill Superfund Site KW - remediation KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Lead KW - Dust KW - Soil KW - Children KW - Cleanup effectiveness KW - Blood lead KW - Recontamination KW - Mining KW - Superfund KW - Soil remediation KW - Contamination KW - Pollution clean-up KW - Heavy metals KW - Smelters KW - Public health KW - Blood levels KW - Reviews KW - USA, Idaho, Bunker Hill KW - H 3000:Environment and Ecology KW - X 24166:Environmental impact KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16150263?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=A+case+study+of+lead+contamination+cleanup+effectiveness+at+Bunker+Hill&rft.au=Sheldrake%2C+S%3BStifelman%2C+M&rft.aulast=Sheldrake&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=303&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0048-9697%2802%2900354-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Contamination; Heavy metals; Lead; Soil remediation; Pollution clean-up; Superfund; Reviews; Smelters; Children; Dust; Blood levels; Public health; USA, Idaho, Bunker Hill DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(02)00354-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PCDD/F emissions from forest fire simulations AN - 16147803; 5568137 AB - Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDD/F) emissions from combustion of forest biomass were sampled to obtain an estimated emission factor for forest fires. An equal composition of live shoot and litter biomass from Oregon and North Carolina was burned in an enclosed monitored facility, and emissions were sampled with a modified ambient air sampling method. Seven tests resulted in an average PCDD/F toxic equivalency (TEQ) emission of 19 ng/kg burned, a value close to previous indirect estimates. Emissions from the Oregon biomass averaged 25 ng TEQ/kg burned (range: 14-47) and those from the North Carolina biomass averaged 15 ng TEQ/kg burned (range: 1-56). Source-specific distinctions in isomer patterns and homologue profiles, however, suggest that the type of biomass has a significant effect on the composition of the resulting PCDD/F emissions. The mass-specific emissions are about 20 times higher than the concentration of the extracted biomass, suggesting that PCDD/F emissions are not simply a result of vaporization of cuticle-bound PCDD/F but are formed predominantly during the biomass combustion. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Gullett, B K AU - Touati, A AD - US Environmental Protection Agency (E305-01), Air Pollution Prev. and Control Division, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, gullett.brian@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - Feb 2003 SP - 803 EP - 813 VL - 37 IS - 6 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Forest fires KW - Polychlorinated dibenzodioxin KW - Polychlorinated dibenzofuran KW - Polychlorinated biphenyl KW - Emission factors KW - Combustion KW - USA, North Carolina KW - Fires KW - Polychlorinated dibenzofurans in atmosphere KW - Simulation KW - Forests KW - Biomass KW - Biomass burning effects on atmospheric pollution KW - Emissions KW - PCDF KW - Air sampling KW - Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins in atmosphere KW - USA, Oregon KW - PCDD KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16147803?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=PCDD%2FF+emissions+from+forest+fire+simulations&rft.au=Gullett%2C+B+K%3BTouati%2C+A&rft.aulast=Gullett&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=803&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1352-2310%2802%2900951-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Polychlorinated dibenzofurans in atmosphere; Forest fires; Biomass burning effects on atmospheric pollution; Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins in atmosphere; Fires; Air sampling; PCDF; Emissions; Forests; Simulation; Biomass; PCDD; USA, North Carolina; USA, Oregon DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(02)00951-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Overview of lead remediation effectiveness AN - 16147400; 5557057 AB - A Symposium on Lead Remediation Effectiveness, sponsored by the US Environmental Protection Agency, was held at Coeur d'Alene, Idaho, USA from 22- 25 May, 2000. International participants from various levels of government, educational institutions, industry, and community representatives presented papers and posters on themes that ranged from engineering practices through community participation in the remediation processes. The papers in this volume represent a global distribution of sites, especially those outside the USA. In providing an overview of the symposium and the theme of Lead Remediation Effectiveness we have drawn on information from some presentations at the symposium, besides those described in this volume. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Elias, R W AU - Gulson, B AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, elias.robert@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - Feb 2003 SP - 1 EP - 13 VL - 303 IS - 1-2 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Lead KW - Remediation KW - Mining KW - Smelting KW - Blood KW - Environmental samples KW - fax: +1-919-541-1818 *1 This paper represents the views and opinions of the authors and is not intended to recommend policy of any form. It does not necessarily represent the views or policies of the US Environmental Protection Agency. KW - Environmental health KW - Environmental Protection KW - Heavy Metals KW - Environmental protection KW - Cleanup KW - Public health KW - USA KW - H 3000:Environment and Ecology KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16147400?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Overview+of+lead+remediation+effectiveness&rft.au=Elias%2C+R+W%3BGulson%2C+B&rft.aulast=Elias&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=303&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0048-9697%2802%2900361-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Remediation; Environmental health; Environmental protection; Lead; Public health; Environmental Protection; Heavy Metals; Cleanup; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(02)00361-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxidative stress as a possible mode of action for arsenic carcinogenesis. AN - 72930669; 12505428 AB - Many modes of action for arsenic carcinogenesis have been proposed, but few theories have a substantial mass of supporting data. Three stronger theories of arsenic carcinogenesis are production of chromosomal abnormalities, promotion of carcinogenesis and oxidative stress. This article presents the oxidative stress theory along with some supporting experimental data. In the area of which arsenic species is causually active, recent data have suggested that trivalent methylated arsenic metabolites, particularly monomethylarsonous acid (MMA(III)) and dimethylarsinous acid (DMA(III)), have a great deal of biological activity. Some evidence now indicates that these trivalent, methylated, and relatively less ionizable arsenic metabolites may be unusually capable of interacting with cellular targets such as proteins and even DNA. Thus for inorganic arsenic, oxidative methylation followed by reduction to trivalency may be a activation, rather than a detoxification pathway. This would be particularly true for arsenate. In forming toxic and carcinogenic arsenic species, reduction from the pentavalent state to the trivalent state may be as or more important than methylation of arsenic. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Kitchin, Kirk T AU - Ahmad, Sarfaraz AD - MD-68, Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 86 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. kitchin.kirk@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/01/31/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Jan 31 SP - 3 EP - 13 VL - 137 IS - 1-2 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Free Radicals KW - Organometallic Compounds KW - Reactive Oxygen Species KW - monomethylarsonous acid KW - Cacodylic Acid KW - AJ2HL7EU8K KW - Arsenic KW - N712M78A8G KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Reactive Oxygen Species -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - DNA Damage KW - Humans KW - Mice KW - Organometallic Compounds -- toxicity KW - Cacodylic Acid -- toxicity KW - Methylation KW - Free Radicals -- metabolism KW - Carcinogens -- metabolism KW - Arsenic -- toxicity KW - Arsenic -- metabolism KW - Oxidative Stress KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72930669?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=Oxidative+stress+as+a+possible+mode+of+action+for+arsenic+carcinogenesis.&rft.au=Kitchin%2C+Kirk+T%3BAhmad%2C+Sarfaraz&rft.aulast=Kitchin&rft.aufirst=Kirk&rft.date=2003-01-31&rft.volume=137&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-02-24 N1 - Date created - 2002-12-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vitro formation of pyromorphite via reaction of Pb sources with soft-drink phosphoric acid AN - 18674367; 5575150 AB - Pyromorphite (Pb sub(5)(PO sub(4)) sub(3)Cl) is a Pb mineral whose rapid kinetic formation and thermodynamic stability (Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 37 (1973) 367, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 38 (1974) 887) has gained much attention in recent years as a mechanism to diminish Pb toxicity. Our research examined the in vitro formation of pyromorphite (K sub(sp) = 10 super(-25)) to significantly reduce Pb bioavailability via the reaction of PbCl sub(2) and Pb paint with cola soft drinks (regular, caffeine-free, and diet) that contain phosphoric acid. X-ray diffraction spectroscopy was employed to identify and quantify the crystal phases. The experiments consisted of a two-phase experimental design to simulate stomach and gastrointestinal (GI) conditions comprised of an initial reaction system (stomach) at pH 2.0 for 1 h at 37 degree C and second-phase conditions (GI tract) at pH 7.0 for 5 h at 37 degree C. The results showed that available Pb in solution was quickly transformed to pyromorphite by a precipitation mechanism. The PbCl sub(2) experiments observed over 90% Pb removal from solution within 30 s and nearly all (> 93-100%) of the Pb was converted to pyromorphite within 6 h. Similar results were observed in the Pb-paint system in which all of the available Pb initially available in solution was stabilized as pyromorphite within a short reaction period. While approximately 69% of the total Pb in the paint was converted to pyromorphite, there were minimal amounts of Pb in solution. It appeared that the dissolution mechanism allowing Pb in the paint to be released into the cola solution was repressed and was attributed to precipitation of pyromorphite on the surfaces of Pb-paint particles that inhibited further Pb release. The results of this research suggest that the in vivo formation of pyromorphite in children that ingest Pb-contaminated material (soil, dust, paint) with a phosphate source, such as a cola soft drink, may significantly reduce Pb bioavailability and allow passage of the pyromorphite material through the GI tract with minimal Pb absorption into the body. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Scheckel, K G AU - Ryan, JA AD - US EPA, ORD, NRMRL, LRPCD, RCB, 5995 Center Hill Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45224, USA, scheckel.kirk@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/01/20/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Jan 20 SP - 253 EP - 265 VL - 302 IS - 1-3 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - phosphoric acid KW - pyromorphite KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24163:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18674367?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=In+vitro+formation+of+pyromorphite+via+reaction+of+Pb+sources+with+soft-drink+phosphoric+acid&rft.au=Scheckel%2C+K+G%3BRyan%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Scheckel&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2003-01-20&rft.volume=302&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=253&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chorioallantoic Membranes Indicate Avian Exposure and Biomarker Responses to Environmental Contaminants: A Laboratory Study with White Leghorn Chickens (Gallus domesticus) AN - 18789919; 5653222 AB - PCB and endosulfan concentrations in the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of white leghorn chickens (Gallus domesticus) were evaluated as indicators of hepatic cytochrome P450 isozyme activity in hens and chicks as well as toxicant concentrations in eggs and hens. Sixteen hens were randomly divided into four groups of four and dosed with a mixture of PCB105 (2,3,3',4,4'-pentachlorobiphenyl), PCB156 (2,3,3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl), PCB189 (2,3,3',4,4',5,5'-heptachlorobiphenyl), and technical grade endosulfan (3:1 ratio of alpha and beta isomers) at three different dose groups. The first 10 fertile eggs laid by each hen were collected, the even-numbered eggs incubated until hatched, and the odd numbered eggs were analyzed for test chemicals. Strong (r super(2)), significantly positive (p value) relationships were found between total PCB mass (ng) in CAMs and both total PCB concentrations (ng/g wet wt) in adults (r super(2) = 0.91, p = 0.0001) and eggs (r super(2) = 0.87, p = 0.0001). The relationship between total PCB mass in CAMs and hepatic cytochrome p450 isozyme activity in chicks (r super(2) = 0.49, p = 0.0001) and hens (r super(2) = 0.45, p = 0.014) was also significant but not as strong. This study shows that CAMs can be used to estimate avian exposure to PCBs and resultant biological response. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Bargar, T A AU - Scott, GI AU - Cobb, G P AD - Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Department of Environmental Toxicology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA, bargar.tim@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/01/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Jan 15 SP - 256 EP - 260 VL - 37 IS - 2 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - chorioallantoic membranes KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Bioindicators KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Animals KW - Toxicants KW - Eggs KW - Endosulfan KW - Gallus domesticus KW - Laboratory methods KW - Contaminants KW - PCB compounds KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18789919?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Chorioallantoic+Membranes+Indicate+Avian+Exposure+and+Biomarker+Responses+to+Environmental+Contaminants%3A+A+Laboratory+Study+with+White+Leghorn+Chickens+%28Gallus+domesticus%29&rft.au=Bargar%2C+T+A%3BScott%2C+GI%3BCobb%2C+G+P&rft.aulast=Bargar&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2003-01-15&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=256&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes0257873 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioindicators; Animals; Pollution monitoring; Toxicants; Laboratory methods; Contaminants; PCB compounds; Eggs; Endosulfan; Gallus domesticus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es0257873 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure and Iron Treatment of Brass Foundry Waste AN - 16156422; 5653235 AB - The Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) is used by the United States Environmental Protection Agency to determine if wastes contain extractable components subject to hazardous waste regulations. This paper examines the limitations of the TCLP and the way it is used by studying a particular example. Waste casting sand from brass foundries to which iron metal has been added passes the TCLP test but when placed in a landfill for several years may start to leach lead, copper, and zinc. Results of TCLP tests of waste sand alone and with the additives iron metal, zinc metal, hydrous ferric oxide, and hematite are reported. Three processes were studied: reduction by metallic iron, sorption by hydrous ferric oxide, and precipitation of hydroxides. Lead, copper, and zinc behave differently with respect to these three processes, and their measurement allows some deductions as to what is occurring in a TCLP test or a landfill. Iron addition does not result in long-term stabilization of a waste placed in the ground. The chemistry of a laboratory extraction can be very different from the chemistry of a waste placed in the environment. Wastes that are treated to pass the TCLP test, but are not permanently stabilized, are a threat to the environment. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Kendall, D S AD - National Enforcement Investigations Center, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, P.O. Box 25227, Building 53, Denver Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225, USA, kendall.douglas@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/01/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Jan 15 SP - 367 EP - 371 VL - 37 IS - 2 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Sorption KW - Leaching KW - Ferric oxide KW - Heavy metals KW - Landfills KW - Wastes KW - Toxicity KW - Copper KW - Precipitation KW - Sand KW - Foundries KW - Zinc KW - Iron KW - Hazardous wastes KW - X 24360:Metals KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16156422?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Toxicity+Characteristic+Leaching+Procedure+and+Iron+Treatment+of+Brass+Foundry+Waste&rft.au=Kendall%2C+D+S&rft.aulast=Kendall&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-01-15&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes020621n LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sorption; Ferric oxide; Leaching; Sand; Landfills; Heavy metals; Zinc; Wastes; Precipitation; Copper; Toxicity; Iron; Foundries; Hazardous wastes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es020621n ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Pilot Project to Detect and Forecast Harmful Algal Blooms in the Northern Gulf of Mexico AN - 759320507; 13772317 AB - More timely access to data and information on the initiation, evolution and effects of harmful algal blooms can reduce adverse impacts on valued natural resources and human health. To achieve this in the northern Gulf of Mexico, a pilot project was initiated to develop a user-driven, end-to-end (measurements to applications) observing system. A key strategy of the project is to coordinate existing state, federal and academic programs at an unprecedented level of collaboration and partnership. Resource managers charged with protection of public health and aquatic resources require immediate notice of algal events and a forecast of when, where and what adverse effects will likely occur. Further, managers require integrated analyses and interpretations, rather than raw data, to make effective decisions. Consequently, a functional observing system must collect and transform diverse measurements into usable forecasts. Data needed to support development of forecasts will include such properties as sea surface temperature, winds, currents and waves; precipitation and freshwater flows with related discharges of sediment and nutrients; salinity, dissolved oxygen, and chlorophyll concentrations (in vivo fluorescence); and remotely-sensed spatial images of sea surface chlorophyll concentrations. These data will be provided via a mixture of discrete and autonomous in situ sensing with near real-time data telemetry, and remote sensing from space (SeaWiFS), aircraft (hyperspectral imagery) or land (high-frequency radar). With calibration across these platforms, the project will ultimately provide a 4-dimensional visualization of harmful algae events in a time frame suitable to resource managers. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Fisher, William S AU - Malone, Thomas C AU - Giattina, James D AD - Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Gulf Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Breeze, FL, 32561 Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - Jan 2003 SP - 373 EP - 381 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 81 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Meteorological data KW - Algal blooms KW - Chlorophyll KW - Resource management KW - Phytoplankton KW - Nutrients KW - Dissolved oxygen KW - Public health KW - Salinity KW - Wind KW - Algae KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Fluorescence KW - Freshwater environments KW - Biological poisons KW - Eutrophication KW - Remote sensing KW - Aircraft KW - Salinity effects KW - Telemetry KW - Waves KW - Sea surface temperature forecasting KW - Algae bloom KW - Temperature effects KW - Data processing KW - Precipitation KW - Sediments KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - Decision making KW - Natural resources KW - Radar KW - Evolution KW - Side effects KW - K 03410:Animal Diseases KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - O 1010:Viruses, Bacteria, Protists, Fungi and Plants KW - M2 551.465:Structure/Dynamics/Circulation (551.465) KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/759320507?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=A+Pilot+Project+to+Detect+and+Forecast+Harmful+Algal+Blooms+in+the+Northern+Gulf+of+Mexico&rft.au=Fisher%2C+William+S%3BMalone%2C+Thomas+C%3BGiattina%2C+James+D&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=373&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1021366116746 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental monitoring; Algal blooms; Resource management; Biological poisons; Natural resources; Telemetry; Phytoplankton; Dissolved oxygen; Public health; Temperature effects; Chlorophyll; Data processing; Fluorescence; Freshwater environments; Remote sensing; Nutrients; Precipitation; Sediments; Decision making; Aircraft; Salinity effects; Radar; Waves; Side effects; Evolution; Wind; Algae; Meteorological data; Eutrophication; Sea surface temperature forecasting; Algae bloom; Salinity; ASW, Mexico Gulf DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021366116746 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bi-National Assessment of the Great Lakes: SOLEC Partnerships AN - 759320495; 13772289 AB - Many administrative jurisdictions have authority over parts of the Great Lakes, sometimes with competing purposes as well as governance at differing scales of time and space. As demand increases for high quality information that is relevant to environmental managers, environmental and natural resource agencies with limited budgets must look to interdisciplinary, collaborative approaches for the collection, analysis and reporting of data. The State of the Lakes Ecosystem Conferences (SOLEC) were begun in 1994 in response to reporting requirements of the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement between Canada and the U.S. The biennial conferences provide independent, science-based reporting on the state of health of the Great Lakes ecosystem components. A suite of indicators necessary and sufficient to assess Great Lakes ecosystem status was introduced in 1998, and assessments based on a subset of the indicators were presented in 2000. Because SOLEC is a multi-agency, multi-jurisdictional reporting venue, the SOLEC indicators require acceptance by a broad spectrum of stakeholders in the Great Lakes basin. The SOLEC indicators list is expected to provide the basis for government agencies and other organizations to collaborate more effectively and to allocate resources to data collection, evaluation and reporting on the state of the Great Lakes basin ecosystem. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Bertram, Paul AU - Stadler-Salt, Nancy AU - Horvatin, Paul AU - Shear, Harvey AD - Great Lakes National Program Office, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 77 W. Jackson Blvd., Chicago, IL, 60604 Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - Jan 2003 SP - 27 EP - 33 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 81 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Environment Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - water quality KW - Resource management KW - Ecosystems KW - Indicators KW - Ecological Effects KW - Water quality KW - environmental management KW - Natural Resources KW - Lakes KW - North America, Great Lakes Basin KW - Assessments KW - lake basins KW - Lake Basins KW - budgets KW - Data Collections KW - Lake water quality KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Data collection KW - Conferences KW - Directories KW - Data collections KW - USA KW - Canada KW - Natural resources KW - North America, Great Lakes KW - Governments KW - Monitoring KW - Government agencies KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/759320495?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Bi-National+Assessment+of+the+Great+Lakes%3A+SOLEC+Partnerships&rft.au=Bertram%2C+Paul%3BStadler-Salt%2C+Nancy%3BHorvatin%2C+Paul%3BShear%2C+Harvey&rft.aulast=Bertram&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1021396101299 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental monitoring; Resource management; Conferences; Directories; Natural resources; Governments; Data collections; Water quality; Lake water quality; environmental management; water quality; Data collection; Lakes; lake basins; budgets; Government agencies; Natural Resources; Ecosystems; Assessments; Indicators; Lake Basins; Monitoring; Ecological Effects; Data Collections; USA; North America, Great Lakes Basin; Canada; North America, Great Lakes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021396101299 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preface AN - 759320258; 13772286 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - McDonald, Michael E AD - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, USA Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - Jan 2003 SP - 1 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 81 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/759320258?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Preface&rft.au=McDonald%2C+Michael+E&rft.aulast=McDonald&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1021300408798 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021300408798 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Correlations between homologue concentrations of PCDD/Fs and toxic equivalency values in laboratory-, package boiler-, and field-scale incinerators. AN - 75732278; 14522191 AB - The toxic equivalency (TEQ) values of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) are predicted with a model based on the homologue concentrations measured from a laboratory-scale reactor (124 data points), a package boiler (61 data points), and operating municipal waste incinerators (114 data points). Regardless of the three scales and types of equipment, the different temperature profiles, sampling emissions and/or solids (fly ash), and the various chemical and physical properties of the fuels, all the PCDF plots showed highly linear correlations (R(2)>0.99). The fitting lines of the reactor and the boiler data were almost linear with slope of unity, whereas the slope of the municipal waste incinerator data was 0.86, which is caused by higher predicted values for samples with high measured TEQ. The strong correlation also implies that each of the 10 toxic PCDF congeners has a constant concentration relative to its respective total homologue concentration despite a wide range of facility types and combustion conditions. The PCDD plots showed significant scatter and poor linearity, which implies that the relative concentration of PCDD TEQ congeners is more sensitive to variations in reaction conditions than that of the PCDF congeners. JF - Waste management (New York, N.Y.) AU - Iino, Fukuya AU - Takasuga, Takumi AU - Touati, Abderrahmane AU - Gullett, Brian K AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division, Air Pollution Technology Branch, MD-65, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. iino.fukuya@aist.go.jp Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 729 EP - 736 VL - 23 IS - 8 SN - 0956-053X, 0956-053X KW - Benzofurans KW - 0 KW - Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Reference Values KW - Incineration KW - Temperature KW - Forecasting KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analogs & derivatives KW - Soil Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Refuse Disposal KW - Benzofurans -- toxicity KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75732278?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waste+management+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Correlations+between+homologue+concentrations+of+PCDD%2FFs+and+toxic+equivalency+values+in+laboratory-%2C+package+boiler-%2C+and+field-scale+incinerators.&rft.au=Iino%2C+Fukuya%3BTakasuga%2C+Takumi%3BTouati%2C+Abderrahmane%3BGullett%2C+Brian+K&rft.aulast=Iino&rft.aufirst=Fukuya&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=729&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Waste+management+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=0956053X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-02-19 N1 - Date created - 2003-10-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitation of aberrant interlocus T-cell receptor rearrangements in mouse thymocytes and the effect of the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. AN - 73505943; 12874811 AB - Small studies in human populations have suggested a correlation between the frequency of errors in antigen receptor gene assembly and lymphoid malignancy risk. In particular, agricultural workers exposed to pesticides have both an increased risk for lymphoma and an increased frequency of errors in antigen receptor gene assembly. In order to further investigate the potential of such errors to serve as a mechanistically based biomarker of lymphoid cancer risk, we have developed a sensitive PCR assay for quantifying errors of V(D)J recombination in the thymocytes of mice. This assay measures interlocus rearrangements between two T-cell receptor loci, V-gamma and J-beta, located on chromosomes 13 and 6, respectively. The baseline frequency in four strains of mice was determined at several ages (2-8 weeks of age) and was found to be stable at approximately 1.5 x 10(-5) per thymocyte. Strain AKR, which has a high susceptibility to T-cell lymphomas, did not show an elevated frequency of aberrant V(D)J events. We used this assay to examine the effects of the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) on the frequency of these events. Female B6C3F1 mice, 27 days of age, were exposed to 2,4-D by gavage at doses of 0, 3, 10, 30, and 100 mg/kg/day for 4 successive days and sacrificed on day 5. Thymus DNA was isolated and examined for illegitimate V(D)J recombination-mediated gene rearrangements. In addition, pregnant mice were exposed to 2,4-D and thymocytes from the offspring examined at 2 weeks of age. No significant increase in aberrant V(D)J rearrangements was found, indicating that under these conditions 2,4-D does not appear to effect this important mechanism of carcinogenesis. JF - Environmental and molecular mutagenesis AU - Knapp, Geremy W AU - Setzer, R Woodrow AU - Fuscoe, James C AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 37 EP - 43 VL - 42 IS - 1 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Genetic Markers KW - 0 KW - Herbicides KW - Immunoglobulin Joining Region KW - Immunoglobulin Variable Region KW - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell KW - 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid KW - 2577AQ9262 KW - Index Medicus KW - Immunoglobulin Variable Region -- genetics KW - Animals KW - Mice KW - Sequence Analysis, DNA KW - Maternal Exposure KW - Pregnancy KW - Immunoglobulin Joining Region -- genetics KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Base Sequence KW - Immunoglobulin Joining Region -- drug effects KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Immunoglobulin Variable Region -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell -- genetics KW - Female KW - Male KW - Thymus Gland -- cytology KW - Sequence Deletion -- drug effects KW - Gene Rearrangement, beta-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor -- drug effects KW - Sequence Deletion -- genetics KW - Gene Rearrangement, gamma-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor -- drug effects KW - Herbicides -- toxicity KW - Gene Rearrangement, beta-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor -- genetics KW - 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid -- toxicity KW - Thymus Gland -- drug effects KW - Gene Rearrangement, gamma-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73505943?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Quantitation+of+aberrant+interlocus+T-cell+receptor+rearrangements+in+mouse+thymocytes+and+the+effect+of+the+herbicide+2%2C4-dichlorophenoxyacetic+acid.&rft.au=Knapp%2C+Geremy+W%3BSetzer%2C+R+Woodrow%3BFuscoe%2C+James+C&rft.aulast=Knapp&rft.aufirst=Geremy&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-09-09 N1 - Date created - 2003-07-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of fenoxycarb exposure on complete larval development of the xanthid crab, Rhithropanopeus harrisii. AN - 73407563; 12810324 AB - Pest control agents, such as juvenile hormone analogues (JHA), have been developed to limit effects on non-target organisms that co-inhabit insect pest habitats. Rhithropanopeus harrisii, an estuarine xanthid crab, was used to observe the impacts of the JHA, fenoxycarb, on the pattern of complete larval development as well as survival of larvae and successful metamorphosis to first crab stage. Significant mortality occurred in the first of four zoeal stages (after 2-3 days of exposure) at the highest treatment of 240 microg fenoxycarb/l and in megalopae exposed to 48 microg fenoxycarb/l. The time required to metamorphose to the first crab stage was significantly increased for megalopae in all treatments 48 microg/l. This delay in development was sufficient to significantly prolong the entire developmental period from zoea to crabs. Unexposed larvae developed to crabs in an average of 16 days; larvae exposed to >/=48 microg/l required 19-20 days. Reduced survival and extended duration of developing larval stages in the life history of a benthic invertebrate may alter the population dynamics of these organisms in the estuary. JF - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) AU - Cripe, G M AU - McKenney, C L AU - Hoglund, M D AU - Harris, P S AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Gulf Ecology Division, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561-5299, USA. cripe.geraldine@epa.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 295 EP - 299 VL - 125 IS - 2 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - Carbamates KW - 0 KW - Insecticides KW - Phenylcarbamates KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - fenoxycarb KW - JEN0LSV1G9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Seawater -- chemistry KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Metamorphosis, Biological -- drug effects KW - Larva -- drug effects KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Brachyura -- growth & development KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Brachyura -- drug effects KW - Carbamates -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73407563?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.atitle=Effects+of+fenoxycarb+exposure+on+complete+larval+development+of+the+xanthid+crab%2C+Rhithropanopeus+harrisii.&rft.au=Cripe%2C+G+M%3BMcKenney%2C+C+L%3BHoglund%2C+M+D%3BHarris%2C+P+S&rft.aulast=Cripe&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=125&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=295&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-14 N1 - Date created - 2003-06-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distinguishing between fertilization failure and early pregnancy loss when identifying male-mediated adverse pregnancy outcomes. AN - 73404888; 12817687 JF - Advances in experimental medicine and biology AU - Perreault, Sally D AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, U.S. EPA, ORD, NHEERL, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. darney.sally@epa.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 189 EP - 198 VL - 518 SN - 0065-2598, 0065-2598 KW - Acrylamide KW - 20R035KLCI KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Paternal Exposure KW - Humans KW - Mice KW - Fertilization -- drug effects KW - Models, Biological KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- drug effects KW - Acrylamide -- toxicity KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy Outcome KW - Pregnancy KW - Abortion, Spontaneous -- etiology KW - Infertility, Male UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73404888?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+experimental+medicine+and+biology&rft.atitle=Distinguishing+between+fertilization+failure+and+early+pregnancy+loss+when+identifying+male-mediated+adverse+pregnancy+outcomes.&rft.au=Perreault%2C+Sally+D&rft.aulast=Perreault&rft.aufirst=Sally&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=518&rft.issue=&rft.spage=189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+experimental+medicine+and+biology&rft.issn=00652598&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-01-28 N1 - Date created - 2003-06-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrating new tests of sperm genetic integrity into semen analysis: breakout group discussion. AN - 73385390; 12817694 JF - Advances in experimental medicine and biology AU - Perreault, Sally D AU - Aitken, R John AU - Baker, H W Gordon AU - Evenson, Donald P AU - Huszar, Gabor AU - Irvine, D Stewart AU - Morris, Ian D AU - Morris, Rebecca A AU - Robbins, Wendie A AU - Sakkas, Denny AU - Spano, Marcello AU - Wyrobek, Andrew J AD - U.S. EPA, ORD, NHEERL, Reproductive Toxicology Division, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. darney.sally@epa.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 253 EP - 268 VL - 518 SN - 0065-2598, 0065-2598 KW - Index Medicus KW - In Situ Nick-End Labeling KW - Comet Assay KW - Animals KW - Paternal Exposure KW - Aneuploidy KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Male KW - Genetic Techniques KW - DNA Damage KW - Semen -- metabolism KW - Spermatozoa -- ultrastructure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73385390?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+experimental+medicine+and+biology&rft.atitle=Integrating+new+tests+of+sperm+genetic+integrity+into+semen+analysis%3A+breakout+group+discussion.&rft.au=Perreault%2C+Sally+D%3BAitken%2C+R+John%3BBaker%2C+H+W+Gordon%3BEvenson%2C+Donald+P%3BHuszar%2C+Gabor%3BIrvine%2C+D+Stewart%3BMorris%2C+Ian+D%3BMorris%2C+Rebecca+A%3BRobbins%2C+Wendie+A%3BSakkas%2C+Denny%3BSpano%2C+Marcello%3BWyrobek%2C+Andrew+J&rft.aulast=Perreault&rft.aufirst=Sally&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=518&rft.issue=&rft.spage=253&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+experimental+medicine+and+biology&rft.issn=00652598&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-01-28 N1 - Date created - 2003-06-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Groundwater quality surrounding Lake Texoma during short-term drought conditions. AN - 73380352; 12810312 AB - Water quality data from 55 monitoring wells during drought conditions surrounding Lake Texoma, located on the border of Oklahoma and Texas, was compared to assess the influence of drought on groundwater quality. During the drought month of October, water table levels were three feet (0.9 m) lower compared with several months earlier under predrought climate conditions. Detection frequencies of nitrate (> 0.1 mg/l), orthophosphates (> 0.1 mg/l), chlorides (> MCL), and sulfates (> MCL) all increased during drought. Orthophosphate level was higher during drought. Largest increases in concentration were nitrate under both agriculture lands and in septic tank areas. An increase in ammonium-nitrogen was only detected in the septic tank area. The study showed that stressors such as nitrate and total salts could potentially become a health or environmental problem during drought. JF - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) AU - Kampbell, Donald H AU - An, Youn-Joo AU - Jewell, Ken P AU - Masoner, Jason R AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, PO Box 1198, Ada, OK 74820, USA. kampbell.donald@epa.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 183 EP - 191 VL - 125 IS - 2 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - Nitrates KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - Oklahoma KW - Texas KW - Nitrates -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Fresh Water -- chemistry KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Disasters UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73380352?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.atitle=Groundwater+quality+surrounding+Lake+Texoma+during+short-term+drought+conditions.&rft.au=Kampbell%2C+Donald+H%3BAn%2C+Youn-Joo%3BJewell%2C+Ken+P%3BMasoner%2C+Jason+R&rft.aulast=Kampbell&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=125&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-14 N1 - Date created - 2003-06-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulatory evaluation and acceptance issues for phytotechnology projects. AN - 73177071; 12674403 AB - The use of plant based systems in hazardous waste management or site clean up is growing at a rapid rate. Major hurdles to implementation will be encountered by proponents if essential regulatory policies and regulations are not understood or addressed early in the project development. Understanding the regulatory requirements or issues as they relate to innovative clean up approaches such as phytotechnologies are critical to the successful implementation and long-term monitoring of these technologies. This chapter will address the issues that regulators may have in applying phytotechnologies to site conditions or contaminants, designing phytoremediation projects, monitoring or maintaining the systems for the long-term, establishing performance criteria, and demonstrating achievement of performance goals. JF - Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology AU - Flechas, Felix W AU - Latady, Marisa AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Region 8, Solid and Hazardous Waste Program, 999 18th Street, Denver, Colorado 80202, USA. flechas.felix@epa.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 171 EP - 185 VL - 78 SN - 0724-6145, 0724-6145 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Environmental Monitoring -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Soil Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Organizational Objectives KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- metabolism KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Environment KW - Agriculture -- methods KW - Plants -- metabolism KW - Environmental Pollution -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Agriculture -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Guideline Adherence -- legislation & jurisprudence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73177071?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+biochemical+engineering%2Fbiotechnology&rft.atitle=Regulatory+evaluation+and+acceptance+issues+for+phytotechnology+projects.&rft.au=Flechas%2C+Felix+W%3BLatady%2C+Marisa&rft.aulast=Flechas&rft.aufirst=Felix&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+biochemical+engineering%2Fbiotechnology&rft.issn=07246145&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-05-14 N1 - Date created - 2003-04-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vegetative covers for waste containment. AN - 73157362; 12674402 AB - Disposal of municipal and hazardous waste in the United States is primarily accomplished by containment in lined and capped landfills. Evapotranspiration cover systems offer an alternative to conventional landfill cap systems. These covers work on completely different principles than traditional covers do, and that difference may slow understanding and acceptance by site owners, regulators, and stakeholders. This chapter provides an introduction to this alternative technique and explains some of the common concerns regarding its implementation. JF - Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology AU - Rock, Steven A AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, 26 W. Martin Luther King Blvd., Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA. rock.steven@epa.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 157 EP - 170 VL - 78 SN - 0724-6145, 0724-6145 KW - Industrial Waste KW - 0 KW - Soil KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Plant Roots -- classification KW - Plant Transpiration -- physiology KW - Computer Simulation KW - Soil Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Industrial Waste -- prevention & control KW - Water Purification -- methods KW - Biomass KW - Models, Biological KW - Ecosystem KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Plant Leaves -- physiology KW - Plant Roots -- physiology KW - Plant Leaves -- classification KW - Soil -- analysis KW - Species Specificity KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- metabolism KW - Water -- analysis KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Trees -- physiology KW - Water -- metabolism KW - Trees -- classification KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Containment of Biohazards -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73157362?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+biochemical+engineering%2Fbiotechnology&rft.atitle=Vegetative+covers+for+waste+containment.&rft.au=Rock%2C+Steven+A&rft.aulast=Rock&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+biochemical+engineering%2Fbiotechnology&rft.issn=07246145&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-05-14 N1 - Date created - 2003-04-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Response of human alveolar macrophages to ultrafine, fine, and coarse urban air pollution particles. AN - 73137419; 12652814 AB - In the lower airways, macrophages are important regulators of inflammation and indispensable in their antimicrobial activities. Thus, air pollution particles, which modulate airway macrophage host defenses may, in susceptible individuals, increase severity of inflammatory and infectious disease. In the present study, size fractionated, ultrafine (UF), fine (PM0.1-2.5), and coarse (PM2.5-10) particulate matter (PM) were collected from 2 urban sites in the Netherlands, and were compared for effects on human alveolar macrophages (AM). Inflammatory cytokine production, phagocytosis, and expression of phagocyte receptor CD11b were assessed in particle-exposed AM. Interleukin (IL)-6 levels induced by PM2.5-10 (20411 pg/mL) were > 10-fold higher than induced by PM0.1-2.5 (1781 pg/mL). Levels induced by PM0.1-2.5 were 2- to 3-fold higher than induced by UF (770 pg/mL) when cells were exposed to the same particle mass. Cytokine induction by the PM was inhibited by antibody to CD14 and required the presence of serum for optimal stimulation, implying that bacterial products or endotoxin were stimulatory moieties in both coarse and fine particulate matter. Phagocytosis of opsonized yeast was inhibited by coarse more than by fine PM, as was yeast-induced oxidative burst. Coarse particles decreased CD11b expression more than fine PM. The UF did not affect these functions. Taken together, these results suggest that PM recognition by human AM involves receptors evolved to recognize microbial cell structures, and that microbial products preferentially found in the coarse particle fraction of PM may be involved in inflammatory events and decreased pulmonary defenses associated with exposure to pollution particles. JF - Experimental lung research AU - Becker, Susanne AU - Soukup, Joleen M AU - Sioutas, Constantinos AU - Cassee, Flemming R AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. PY - 2003 SP - 29 EP - 44 VL - 29 IS - 1 SN - 0190-2148, 0190-2148 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Antigens, CD11b KW - Cytokines KW - Endotoxins KW - Index Medicus KW - Air Pollution KW - Cities KW - Antigens, CD11b -- biosynthesis KW - Urban Health KW - Particle Size KW - Humans KW - Cytokines -- biosynthesis KW - Adult KW - Phagocytosis KW - Adolescent KW - Endotoxins -- pharmacology KW - Air Pollutants -- immunology KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73137419?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experimental+lung+research&rft.atitle=Response+of+human+alveolar+macrophages+to+ultrafine%2C+fine%2C+and+coarse+urban+air+pollution+particles.&rft.au=Becker%2C+Susanne%3BSoukup%2C+Joleen+M%3BSioutas%2C+Constantinos%3BCassee%2C+Flemming+R&rft.aulast=Becker&rft.aufirst=Susanne&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+lung+research&rft.issn=01902148&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-07 N1 - Date created - 2003-03-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Great Lakes monitoring results--comparison of probability based and deterministic sampling grids. AN - 73068779; 12620005 AB - The Great Lakes may be viewed as a coastal environment, affected by the same meteorological and physical forces as the coastal ocean. The U.S. EPA, Great Lakes National Program Office (GLNPO) has monitored the open waters of the lakes, annually, since 1983. As part of the U.S. EPA Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP), a pilot study was performed in Lake Michigan to compare the existing GLNPO deterministic sampling grid with the EMAP probabilistic grid. Results of chemical analyses of trophic status indicators (total phosphorus and chlorophyll a) as well as nutrients and conventional limnological measurements, from spring and summer surveys in 1992 indicate little difference between the grids in the offshore region of the lake. The few statistically significant differences may be due to station distribution throughout the lake, or simple chance. This might be expected due to the well mixed nature of the open waters of Lake Michigan. The detection of a long-term trend for total phosphorus in Lake Michigan benefits from an annual program: viewing cumulative frequency distributions based on a four year EMAP interval does not convey information on the decrease in phosphorus in the lake. If the EMAP sampling grid were to be used in the Great Lakes, pilots in each of the lakes would be necessary for utilization of the existing long-term record as a basis for trend detection. JF - Environmental monitoring and assessment AU - Warren, Glenn J AU - Horvatin, Paul J AD - U.S. EPA, Great Lakes National Program Office, 77 W. Jackson Blvd., Chicago, IL 60604, USA. warren.glenn@epa.gov PY - 2003 SP - 63 EP - 71 VL - 81 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Water Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Phosphorus KW - 27YLU75U4W KW - Index Medicus KW - Great Lakes Region KW - Data Collection KW - Research Design KW - Phosphorus -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants -- analysis KW - Eutrophication KW - Environmental Monitoring -- statistics & numerical data UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73068779?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.atitle=Great+Lakes+monitoring+results--comparison+of+probability+based+and+deterministic+sampling+grids.&rft.au=Warren%2C+Glenn+J%3BHorvatin%2C+Paul+J&rft.aulast=Warren&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-05-13 N1 - Date created - 2003-03-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Managing troubled data: coastal data partnerships smooth data integration. AN - 73067926; 12620011 AB - Understanding the ecology, condition, and changes of coastal areas requires data from many sources. Broad-scale and long-term ecological questions, such as global climate change, biodiversity, and cumulative impacts of human activities, must be addressed with databases that integrate data from several different research and monitoring programs. Various barriers, including widely differing data formats, codes, directories, systems, and metadata used by individual programs, make such integration troublesome. Coastal data partnerships, by helping overcome technical, social, and organizational barriers, can lead to a better understanding of environmental issues, and may enable better management decisions. Characteristics of successful data partnerships include a common need for shared data, strong collaborative leadership, committed partners willing to invest in the partnership, and clear agreements on data standards and data policy. Emerging data and metadata standards that become widely accepted are crucial. New information technology is making it easier to exchange and integrate data. Data partnerships allow us to create broader databases than would be possible for any one organization to create by itself. JF - Environmental monitoring and assessment AU - Hale, Stephen S AU - Miglarese, Anne Hale AU - Bradley, M Patricia AU - Belton, Thomas J AU - Cooper, Larry D AU - Frame, Michael T AU - Friel, Christopher A AU - Harwell, Linda M AU - King, Robert E AU - Michener, William K AU - Nicolson, David T AU - Peterjohn, Bruce G AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, Narragansett, RI, USA. hale.stephen@epa.gov PY - 2003 SP - 133 EP - 148 VL - 81 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Water Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Ecosystem KW - Interinstitutional Relations KW - Decision Making KW - Greenhouse Effect KW - Databases, Factual KW - Information Management KW - Conservation of Natural Resources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73067926?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.atitle=Managing+troubled+data%3A+coastal+data+partnerships+smooth+data+integration.&rft.au=Hale%2C+Stephen+S%3BMiglarese%2C+Anne+Hale%3BBradley%2C+M+Patricia%3BBelton%2C+Thomas+J%3BCooper%2C+Larry+D%3BFrame%2C+Michael+T%3BFriel%2C+Christopher+A%3BHarwell%2C+Linda+M%3BKing%2C+Robert+E%3BMichener%2C+William+K%3BNicolson%2C+David+T%3BPeterjohn%2C+Bruce+G&rft.aulast=Hale&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-05-13 N1 - Date created - 2003-03-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of a DNA probe test kit for detection of Salmonellae in biosolids. AN - 73030794; 12588546 AB - Current US regulations (40 CFR 503) for 'Class A' biosolids (treated sewage sludge) requires use of multiple-tube fermentation techniques for fecal coliform or multiple tube enrichment techniques for Salmonella spp. followed by isolation and biochemical and serologic confirmation. The technical difficulties and the time required to complete the procedure for enumeration of Salmonellae in biosolids and sludges has limited the use of this assay. This study was conducted to determine if a commercially available molecular probe system could be used to isolate and enumerate Salmonella spp. in biosolids or sludges in less time than cultural techniques with biochemical confirmation. Several types of treated and untreated municipal sludges were assayed for Salmonellae using a cultural technique with biochemical and serologic confirmation and a DNA probe diagnostic test kit. The results indicate that the molecular probe and the conventional fermentation tube technique yielded equivalent results. Interestingly, the probe technique yielded results within 52 h following initiation of sample analysis compared with the conventional fermentation tube technique with confirmation which required approx. 120 h. These results suggest that the molecular probe system used for this work may be used to determine the presence or absence of Salmonella spp. in biosolids within a relatively short time frame. The ease of using the DNA probe test kit, along with its ability to produce results in less than half the time of conventional culture techniques, suggests that this assay is useful for determining the presence or absence of Salmonellae in biosolids samples. JF - Journal of applied microbiology AU - Meckes, M C AU - MacDonald, J A AD - US EPA, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. meckes.mark@epa.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 382 EP - 387 VL - 94 IS - 3 SN - 1364-5072, 1364-5072 KW - Culture Media KW - 0 KW - DNA Probes KW - DNA, Bacterial KW - Sewage KW - Index Medicus KW - Fermentation KW - Nucleic Acid Hybridization -- methods KW - Sewage -- microbiology KW - Salmonella -- isolation & purification KW - DNA, Bacterial -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73030794?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+microbiology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+a+DNA+probe+test+kit+for+detection+of+Salmonellae+in+biosolids.&rft.au=Meckes%2C+M+C%3BMacDonald%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Meckes&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=94&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=382&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+microbiology&rft.issn=13645072&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-14 N1 - Date created - 2003-02-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risks to children from exposure to lead in air during remedial or removal activities at Superfund sites: a case study of the RSR lead smelter Superfund site. AN - 73028595; 12595884 AB - Superfund sites that are contaminated with lead and undergoing remedial action generate lead-enriched dust that can be released into the air. Activities that can emit lead-enriched dust include demolition of lead smelter buildings, stacks, and baghouses; on-site traffic of heavy construction vehicles; and excavation of soil. Typically, air monitoring stations are placed around the perimeter of a site of an ongoing remediation to monitor air lead concentrations that might result from site emissions. The National Ambient Air Quality (NAAQ) standard, established in 1978 to be a quarterly average of 1.5 microg/m(3), is often used as a trigger level for corrective action to reduce emissions. This study explored modeling approaches for assessing potential risks to children from air lead emissions from the RSR Superfund site in West Dallas, TX, during demolition and removal of a smelter facility. The EPA Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic (IEUBK) model and the International Commission of Radiologic Protection (ICRP) lead model were used to simulate blood lead concentrations in children, based on monitored air lead concentrations. Although air lead concentrations at monitoring stations located in the downwind community intermittently exceeded the NAAQ standard, both models indicated that exposures to children in the community areas did not pose a significant long-term or acute risk. Long-term risk was defined as greater than 5% probability of a child having a long-term blood lead concentration that exceeded 10 microg/dl, which is the CDC and the EPA blood lead concern level. Short-term or acute risk was defined as greater than 5% probability of a child having a blood lead concentration on any given day that exceeded 20 microg/dl, which is the CDC trigger level for medical evaluation (this is not intended to imply that 20 microg/dl is a threshold for health effects in children exposed acutely to airborne lead). The estimated potential long-term and short-term exposures at the downwind West Dallas community did not result in more than 5% of children exceeding the target blood lead levels. The models were also used to estimate air lead levels for short-term and long-term exposures that would not exceed specified levels of risk (risk-based concentrations, RBCs). RBCs were derived for various daily exposure durations (3 or 8 h/day) and frequencies (1-7 days/week). RBCs based on the ICRP model ranged from 0.3 (7 days/week, 8 h/day) to 4.4 microg/m(3) (1 day/week, 3 h/day) for long-term exposures and were lower than those based on the IEUBK model. For short-term exposures, the RBCs ranged from 3.5 to 29.0 microg/m(3). Recontamination of remediated residential yards from deposition of air lead emitted during remedial activities at the RSR Superfund site was also examined. The predicted increase in soil concentration due to lead deposition at the monitoring station, which represented the community at large, was 3.0 mg/kg. This potential increase in soil lead concentration was insignificant, less than 1% increase, when compared to the clean-up level of 500 mg/kg developed for residential yards at the site. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Khoury, Ghassan A AU - Diamond, Gary L AD - U.S. EPA, Region 6 Superfund Branch, Mail Code (6SF-LT), 1445 Ross Avenue, Dallas, Texas 75202, USA. khoury.ghassan@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 51 EP - 65 VL - 13 IS - 1 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Dust KW - Hazardous Waste KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - Lead KW - 2P299V784P KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Humans KW - Facility Design and Construction KW - Child KW - Air Movements KW - Metallurgy KW - Vehicle Emissions -- analysis KW - Risk Assessment KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Industry KW - Lead -- adverse effects KW - Inhalation Exposure KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Lead -- analysis KW - Child Welfare KW - Lead -- blood UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73028595?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Risks+to+children+from+exposure+to+lead+in+air+during+remedial+or+removal+activities+at+Superfund+sites%3A+a+case+study+of+the+RSR+lead+smelter+Superfund+site.&rft.au=Khoury%2C+Ghassan+A%3BDiamond%2C+Gary+L&rft.aulast=Khoury&rft.aufirst=Ghassan&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-05-13 N1 - Date created - 2003-02-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of hydroponic fertilizer matrixes for perchlorate: comparison of analytical techniques. AN - 73016853; 12572810 AB - Seven retail hydroponic nitrate fertilizer products, two liquid and five solid, were comparatively analyzed for the perchlorate anion (ClO4-) by ion chromatography (IC) with suppressed conductivity detection, complexation electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (cESI-MS), normal Raman spectroscopy, and infrared spectroscopy using an attenuated total reflectance crystal (ATR-FTIR) coated with a thin film of an organometallic ion-exchange compound. Three of the five solid products were found by all techniques to contain perchlorate at the level of approximately 100-350 mg kg(-1). The remaining products did not contain perchlorate above the detection level of any of the techniques. Comparative analysis using several analytical techniques that depend on different properties of perchlorate allow for a high degree of certainty in both the qualitative and quantitative determinations. This proved particularly useful for these samples, due to the complexity of the matrix. Analyses of this type, including multiple spectroscopic confirmations, may also be useful for other complicated matrixes (e.g., biological samples) or in forensic/regulatory frameworks where data are likely to be challenged. While the source of perchlorate in these hydroponic products is not known, the perchlorate-to-nitrate concentration ratio (w/w) in the aqueous extracts is generally consistent with the historical weight percent of water soluble components in caliche, a nitrate-bearing ore found predominantly in Chile. This ore, which is the only well-established natural source of perchlorate, is mined and used, albeit minimally, as a nitrogen source in some fertilizer products. JF - The Analyst AU - Collette, Timothy W AU - Williams, Ted L AU - Urbansky, Edward T AU - Magnuson, Matthew L AU - Hebert, Gretchen N AU - Strauss, Steven H AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, 960 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30605, USA. collette.tim@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 88 EP - 97 VL - 128 IS - 1 SN - 0003-2654, 0003-2654 KW - Fertilizers KW - 0 KW - Perchlorates KW - Water Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - Spectrophotometry, Infrared KW - Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization KW - Chromatography, Ion Exchange KW - Spectrum Analysis, Raman KW - Water Pollutants -- analysis KW - Fertilizers -- analysis KW - Perchlorates -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73016853?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Analyst&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+hydroponic+fertilizer+matrixes+for+perchlorate%3A+comparison+of+analytical+techniques.&rft.au=Collette%2C+Timothy+W%3BWilliams%2C+Ted+L%3BUrbansky%2C+Edward+T%3BMagnuson%2C+Matthew+L%3BHebert%2C+Gretchen+N%3BStrauss%2C+Steven+H&rft.aulast=Collette&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=88&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Analyst&rft.issn=00032654&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-14 N1 - Date created - 2003-02-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrate removal effectiveness of a riparian buffer along a small agricultural stream in western Oregon. AN - 72981352; 12549555 AB - The Willamette Valley of Oregon has extensive areas of poorly drained, commercial grass seed lands. Little is know about the ability of riparian areas in these settings to reduce nitrate in water draining from grass seed fields. We established two study sites with similar soils and hydrology but contrasting riparian vegetation along an intermittent stream that drains perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) fields in the Willamette Valley of western Oregon. We installed a series of nested piezometers along three transects at each site to examine NO3-N in shallow ground water in grass seed fields and riparian areas. Results showed that a noncultivated riparian zone comprised of grasses and herbaceous vegetation significantly reduced NO3-N concentrations of shallow ground water moving from grass seed fields. Darcy's law-based estimates of shallow ground water flow through riparian zone A/E horizons revealed that this water flowpath could account for only a very small percentage of the streamflow. Even though there is great potential for NO3-N to be reduced as water moves through the noncultivated riparian zone with grass-herbaceous vegetation, the potential was not fully realized because only a small proportion of the stream flow interacts with riparian zone soils. Consequently, effective NO3-N water quality management in poorly drained landscapes similar to the study watershed is primarily dependent on implementation of sound agricultural practices within grass seed fields and is less influenced by riparian zone vegetation. Wise fertilizer application rates and timing are key management tools to reduce export of NO3-N in stream waters. JF - Journal of environmental quality AU - Wigington, P J AU - Griffith, S M AU - Field, J A AU - Baham, J E AU - Horwath, W R AU - Owen, J AU - Davis, J H AU - Rain, S C AU - Steiner, J J AD - NHEERL-Western Ecology Division, USEPA, 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA. Wigington.Jim@epa.gov PY - 2003 SP - 162 EP - 170 VL - 32 IS - 1 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Fertilizers KW - 0 KW - Nitrates KW - Nitrogen KW - N762921K75 KW - Index Medicus KW - Ecosystem KW - Trees KW - Water Movements KW - Water Supply KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Rain KW - Agriculture KW - Nitrogen -- pharmacokinetics KW - Lolium -- chemistry KW - Water Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Nitrates -- pharmacokinetics KW - Lolium -- physiology KW - Nitrogen -- isolation & purification KW - Nitrates -- isolation & purification KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72981352?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.atitle=Nitrate+removal+effectiveness+of+a+riparian+buffer+along+a+small+agricultural+stream+in+western+Oregon.&rft.au=Wigington%2C+P+J%3BGriffith%2C+S+M%3BField%2C+J+A%3BBaham%2C+J+E%3BHorwath%2C+W+R%3BOwen%2C+J%3BDavis%2C+J+H%3BRain%2C+S+C%3BSteiner%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Wigington&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=162&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-15 N1 - Date created - 2003-01-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationship between reproductive success and male plasma vitellogenin concentrations in cunner, Tautogolabrus adspersus. AN - 72949575; 12515685 AB - The gene for vitellogenin, an egg yolk protein precursor, is usually silent in male fish but can be induced by estrogen exposure. For this reason, vitellogenin production in male fish has become a widely used indicator of exposure to exogenous estrogens or estrogen mimics in the aquatic environment. The utility of this indicator to predict impacts on fish reproductive success is unclear because information on the relationship between male plasma vitellogenin and reproductive end points in male and female fish is limited. In the research reported in this article, we investigated whether the presence of male plasma vitellogenin is a reliable indicator of decreased reproductive success in mature fish. Adult and sexually mature male and female cunner (Tautogolabrus adspersus) were exposed to 17ss-estradiol, ethynylestradiol, or estrone, three steroidal estrogens that elicit the vitellogenic response. Data were gathered and pooled on egg production, egg viability, egg fertility, sperm motility, and male plasma vitellogenin concentrations. All males, including two with plasma vitellogenin levels exceeding 300 mg/mL, produced motile sperm. Neither percent fertile eggs nor percent viable eggs produced by reproductively active fish demonstrated a significant correlation with male plasma vitellogenin concentrations. Male gonadosomatic index and average daily egg production by females showed significant, but weak, negative correlation with male plasma vitellogenin concentrations. Results suggest that male plasma vitellogenin expression is not a reliable indicator of male reproductive dysfunction in adult cunner exposed to estrogens for 2-8 weeks during their reproductive season, at least in relation to capacity to produce motile sperm or fertilize eggs. Male plasma vitellogenin expression may serve as an indicator of reduced female reproductive function caused by estrogen exposure. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Mills, Lesley J AU - Gutjahr-Gobell, Ruth E AU - Horowitz, Doranne Borsay AU - Denslow, Nancy D AU - Chow, Marjorie C AU - Zaroogian, Gerald E AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882, USA. mills.lesley@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 93 EP - 100 VL - 111 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Estrogens KW - 0 KW - Sewage KW - Vitellogenins KW - Water Pollutants KW - Estrone KW - 2DI9HA706A KW - Estradiol KW - 4TI98Z838E KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Zygote -- physiology KW - Estrone -- toxicity KW - Fetal Viability -- drug effects KW - Estrone -- metabolism KW - Sperm Motility -- drug effects KW - Estradiol -- metabolism KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Estradiol -- toxicity KW - Female KW - Male KW - Fertility -- drug effects KW - Water Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Vitellogenins -- blood KW - Estrogens -- metabolism KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Endocrine System -- drug effects KW - Fishes -- genetics KW - Estrogens -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72949575?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Relationship+between+reproductive+success+and+male+plasma+vitellogenin+concentrations+in+cunner%2C+Tautogolabrus+adspersus.&rft.au=Mills%2C+Lesley+J%3BGutjahr-Gobell%2C+Ruth+E%3BHorowitz%2C+Doranne+Borsay%3BDenslow%2C+Nancy+D%3BChow%2C+Marjorie+C%3BZaroogian%2C+Gerald+E&rft.aulast=Mills&rft.aufirst=Lesley&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-15 N1 - Date created - 2003-01-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Chemosphere. 2000 Feb;40(3):239-43 [10665413] Aquat Toxicol. 2001 Apr;52(2):157-76 [11164537] Aquat Toxicol. 2001 Jul;53(2):139-52 [11311390] Aquat Toxicol. 2001 Jan;51(3):305-18 [11090892] Aquat Toxicol. 2001 Feb;51(4):431-41 [11090901] Environ Toxicol Chem. 2001 Jun;20(6):1216-27 [11392131] Sci Total Environ. 1999 Aug 15;233(1-3):5-20 [10492895] Environ Health Perspect. 2001 Jul;109(7):681-90 [11485866] Environ Toxicol Chem. 2002 Feb;21(2):380-9 [11833809] Environ Health Perspect. 1995 Oct;103 Suppl 7:9-15 [8593883] Environ Health Perspect. 1995 Oct;103 Suppl 7:173-8 [8593867] Environ Health Perspect. 1996 Oct;104(10):1096-101 [8930552] Aquat Toxicol. 2001 Sep;54(1-2):101-12 [11451429] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lessons from the polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs): precautionary principle, primary prevention, and the value of community-based body-burden monitoring using breast milk. AN - 72944920; 12515688 AB - Levels of chemicals in humans (body burdens) are useful indicators of environmental quality and of community health. Chemical body burdens are easily monitored using breast milk samples collected from first-time mothers (primiparae) with infants 2-8 weeks of age. Currently, there is no body-burden monitoring program using breast milk in the United States, although ad hoc systems operate successfully in several European countries. In this article we describe the value of such monitoring and important considerations of how it might be accomplished, drawing from our experiences with pilot monitoring projects. Breast milk has several advantages as a sampling matrix: It is simple and noninvasive, with samples collected by the mother. It monitors body burdens in reproductive-age women and it estimates in utero and nursing-infant exposures, all important to community health. Time-trend data from breast milk monitoring serve as a warning system that identifies chemicals whose body burdens and human exposures are increasing. Time trends also serve as a report card on how well past regulatory actions have reduced environmental chemical exposures. Body-burden monitoring using breast milk should include educational programs that encourage breast-feeding. Finally, and most important, clean breast milk matters to people and leads to primary prevention--the limiting of chemical exposures. We illustrate these advantages with polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), a formerly obscure group of brominated flame retardants that rose to prominence and were regulated in Sweden when residue levels were found to be rapidly increasing in breast milk. A community-based body-burden monitoring program using breast milk could be set up in the United States in collaboration with the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). WIC has a large number of lactating first-time mothers: It has 6,000 clinics nationwide and serves almost half (47%) the infants born in the United States. Educational programs (e.g., those run by WIC) are needed that encourage breast-feeding, especially in lower-income communities where breast-feeding rates are low and where breast-feeding may help protect the infant from the effects of environmental chemical exposures. Education is also needed about reducing chemical body burdens. A body-burden monitoring program would provide valuable data on time trends, background levels, and community hot spots in need of mitigation and follow-up health studies; develop analytic methods for new chemicals of concern; and archive breast milk samples for future analyses of other agents. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Hooper, Kim AU - She, Jianwen AD - Hazardous Materials Laboratory, Department of Toxic Substances Control, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley, California 94704, USA. kim_hooper@hotmail.com Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 109 EP - 114 VL - 111 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Phenyl Ethers KW - Polybrominated Biphenyls KW - phenyl ether KW - 3O695R5M1U KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - California KW - Food Contamination -- prevention & control KW - Phenyl Ethers -- adverse effects KW - Aid to Families with Dependent Children KW - Environmental Health KW - Humans KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Phenyl Ethers -- analysis KW - Kazakhstan KW - Female KW - Community Health Planning -- organization & administration KW - Primary Prevention -- organization & administration KW - Polybrominated Biphenyls -- analysis KW - Breast Feeding KW - Body Burden KW - Polybrominated Biphenyls -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Milk, Human -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72944920?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Lessons+from+the+polybrominated+diphenyl+ethers+%28PBDEs%29%3A+precautionary+principle%2C+primary+prevention%2C+and+the+value+of+community-based+body-burden+monitoring+using+breast+milk.&rft.au=Hooper%2C+Kim%3BShe%2C+Jianwen&rft.aulast=Hooper&rft.aufirst=Kim&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-15 N1 - Date created - 2003-01-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Lancet. 1996 Aug 10;348(9024):409 [8709758] Pediatrics. 1996 May;97(5):700-6 [8628610] Early Hum Dev. 1995 Oct 2;43(2):165-76 [8903761] Pediatr Res. 1996 Nov;40(5):671-9 [8910931] Environ Health Perspect. 1997 Nov;105(11):1250-4 [9370517] Environ Health Perspect. 1998 Jan;106(1):1-8 [9417769] Pediatrics. 1997 Apr;99(4):E12 [9099787] Environ Health Perspect. 1999 Jan;107(1):45-51 [9872716] J Pediatr. 1999 Jan;134(1):33-41 [9880446] Acta Paediatr. 1998 Dec;87(12):1224-9 [9894819] J Lab Clin Med. 1999 Feb;133(2):129-33 [9989764] Environ Health Perspect. 1999 Jun;107(6):429-30 [10339441] Environ Health Perspect. 1999 Jun;107(6):447-57 [10515712] Environ Health Perspect. 2000 May;108(5):387-92 [10811563] Lancet. 2000 May 27;355(9218):1858-63 [10866441] Pediatr Clin North Am. 2001 Feb;48(1):1-12 [11236718] Am J Epidemiol. 2001 Jun 1;153(11):1031-44 [11390319] Nature. 2001 Jul 12;412(6843):140-1 [11449259] Pediatrics. 2001 Sep;108(3):677-81 [11533335] Environ Health Perspect. 2001 Sep;109(9):871-6 [11673114] Chemosphere. 2002 Feb;46(5):579-82 [11999783] Chemosphere. 2002 Feb;46(5):697-707 [11999793] Chemosphere. 2002 Feb;46(5):729-35 [11999796] Chemosphere. 2002 Feb;46(5):745-55 [11999798] Am J Public Health. 1994 Mar;84(3):415-21 [8129058] Am J Public Health. 1995 Apr;85(4):504-8 [7702113] Epidemiology. 1995 Mar;6(2):198-200 [7742412] Environ Health Perspect. 1995 Mar;103 Suppl 2:135-42 [7614935] N Engl J Med. 1996 Sep 12;335(11):783-9 [8703183] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radon concentration measurements and personnel exposure levels in Bavarian water supply facilities. AN - 72896635; 12498522 AB - As part of a study covering the whole of Bavaria, the southern most of Germany's 16 states, water supply facilities were examined to determine the radon (222Rn) concentrations in ground water and indoor air and the radon exposure to the staff working in these buildings. Bavaria can be divided into ten geological regions of different geogenic radon potential. From each region, a number of water supply facilities proportional to the size of the region were selected for measurements. Over 500 of a total number of 2,600 water supply facilities were asked to take a 1-L groundwater sample and expose several track-etch detectors in order to obtain the mean room concentration of the main staff work places. In addition, for a period of 2 mo, the personnel had to wear a track-etch detector during the time they spent in the supply facilities. The resulting measurements were then used to estimate their individual effective dose of radon and its progenies. In the East Bavarian crystalline region, the region of the highest geogenic radon potential within Bavaria, indoor radon gas concentrations of up to 400 kBq m(-3) were observed. About 10% of the process controllers in this region are subjected to an annual effective dose of more than 20 mSv. In the other Bavarian regions, only 2% of staff exposure levels exceed this limit. The correlation between the radon concentration measurements of the indoor air, the ground water, and individual personnel exposure levels was determined. The average ratio of the radon indoor air to the processed groundwater concentration is 0.14. But due to the different types of ventilation in the various supply facilities, there can be great variations in this figure. Therefore, there is no clear relationship between the groundwater and the indoor air concentration of a supply facility. This study also reveals no clear relationship between radon indoor air concentrations and the personnel exposure levels of a supply facility. JF - Health physics AU - Trautmannsheimer, M AU - Schindlmeier, W AU - Börner, K AD - Bavarian Environmental Protection Agency, D-86177 Augsburg, Germany. Markus.Trautmannsheimer@lfu.bayern.de Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 100 EP - 110 VL - 84 IS - 1 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Air Pollutants, Radioactive KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Radioactive KW - Radon KW - Q74S4N8N1G KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Air Pollution, Indoor KW - Humans KW - Germany KW - Radiation Monitoring KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Water Supply UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72896635?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+physics&rft.atitle=Radon+concentration+measurements+and+personnel+exposure+levels+in+Bavarian+water+supply+facilities.&rft.au=Trautmannsheimer%2C+M%3BSchindlmeier%2C+W%3BB%C3%B6rner%2C+K&rft.aulast=Trautmannsheimer&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=100&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-10 N1 - Date created - 2002-12-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mitochondrial oxidant production by a pollutant dust and NO-mediated apoptosis in human alveolar macrophage. AN - 72878496; 12388087 AB - Residual oil fly ash (ROFA) is a pollutant dust that stimulates production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from mitochondria and apoptosis in alveolar macrophages (AM), but the relationship between these two processes is unclear. In this study, human AM were incubated with ROFA or vanadyl sulfate (VOSO(4)), the major metal constituent in ROFA, with or without nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), and mitochondrial electron transport inhibitors. Interactions among production of ROS, nitric oxide (NO), and apoptosis of AM were determined. ROFA-stimulated ROS production was attenuated by DPI, rotenone, antimycin, and NaN(3), but not by L-NAME, a pattern mimicked by VOSO(4). ROFA-induced apoptosis was inhibited by L-NAME and a caspase-3-like protease inhibitor, but not by mitochondrial inhibitors. ROFA enhanced NO-mediated increase in caspase-3-like activity. VOSO(4) had minor effects on apoptosis. Thus ROFA-stimulated production of ROS from mitochondria was independent of apoptosis of AM, which was mediated by activation of caspase-3-like proteases and NO. The pro-oxidant effect but not the proapoptotic effect of ROFA was mediated by vanadium. JF - American journal of physiology. Cell physiology AU - Huang, Yuh-Chin T AU - Soukup, Joleen AU - Harder, Shirley AU - Becker, Susanne AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. huang.tony@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - C24 EP - C32 VL - 284 IS - 1 SN - 0363-6143, 0363-6143 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Coal Ash KW - Dust KW - Oxidants KW - Particulate Matter KW - Reactive Oxygen Species KW - Vanadium KW - 00J9J9XKDE KW - Nitric Oxide KW - 31C4KY9ESH KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - CASP3 protein, human KW - EC 3.4.22.- KW - Caspase 3 KW - Caspases KW - NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester KW - V55S2QJN2X KW - Index Medicus KW - Carbon -- pharmacology KW - Reactive Oxygen Species -- metabolism KW - NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester -- pharmacology KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Vanadium -- pharmacology KW - Caspases -- metabolism KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- metabolism KW - Oxidants -- biosynthesis KW - Air Pollutants -- pharmacology KW - Mitochondria -- drug effects KW - Apoptosis -- drug effects KW - Apoptosis -- radiation effects KW - Mitochondria -- metabolism KW - Nitric Oxide -- physiology KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- drug effects KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- cytology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72878496?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+physiology.+Cell+physiology&rft.atitle=Mitochondrial+oxidant+production+by+a+pollutant+dust+and+NO-mediated+apoptosis+in+human+alveolar+macrophage.&rft.au=Huang%2C+Yuh-Chin+T%3BSoukup%2C+Joleen%3BHarder%2C+Shirley%3BBecker%2C+Susanne&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=Yuh-Chin&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=284&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=C24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+physiology.+Cell+physiology&rft.issn=03636143&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-21 N1 - Date created - 2002-12-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of lobar differences in particle deposition in the human lung. AN - 72874859; 12476357 AB - Lung diseases caused by the inhalation of various particulate pollutants have often been reported to occur at specific sites in the lung with some diseases preferentially occurring in one of the lobes. Models for the dosimetry of particulate matter in the lung, therefore, need to be developed at a level of resolution that allows for the study of lobar- and airway-specific patterns of deposition. Using an approach best described as a combination of asymmetric and symmetric approaches to modeling lung geometry, we calculated deposition of particulate matter (PM) ranging from ultrafine to coarse particles in each airway down to the level of the lobar bronchi. Further down the airway tree, we calculated deposition averaged over an airway generation in each lung lobe. We compared our results for regional and lobar deposition with various experimental data as well as with results from other models. The calculated results compared reasonably well with experimental data. Significant variations in deposition were observed among the lobar bronchi as well as among the five lobes. The differences among the lobes were accentuated as one examined generation-specific deposition. Deposition per unit surface area of each lobar bronchus was considerably elevated relative to that calculated for the whole lung. The relative distribution of aerosol deposited per unit surface area among the lobar bronchi was altered by breathing condition and aerosol size. Our observations suggest that a multiple-path model that incorporates the heterogeneous structure of airways in the lung is likely to reduce uncertainties in PM health risk assessments. JF - Inhalation toxicology AU - Subramaniam, Ravi P AU - Asgharian, Bahman AU - Freijer, Jan I AU - Miller, Frederick J AU - Anjilvel, Satish AD - CIIT Centers for Health Research, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. Subramaniam.Ravi@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 1 EP - 21 VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 0895-8378, 0895-8378 KW - Aerosols KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Rats, Long-Evans KW - Humans KW - Particle Size KW - Algorithms KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Respiratory Physiological Phenomena KW - Pulmonary Alveoli -- anatomy & histology KW - Models, Biological KW - Pulmonary Alveoli -- physiology KW - Rats KW - Bronchi -- anatomy & histology KW - Inhalation Exposure KW - Bronchi -- physiology KW - Lung -- anatomy & histology KW - Lung -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72874859?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Inhalation+toxicology&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+lobar+differences+in+particle+deposition+in+the+human+lung.&rft.au=Subramaniam%2C+Ravi+P%3BAsgharian%2C+Bahman%3BFreijer%2C+Jan+I%3BMiller%2C+Frederick+J%3BAnjilvel%2C+Satish&rft.aulast=Subramaniam&rft.aufirst=Ravi&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Inhalation+toxicology&rft.issn=08958378&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-06-11 N1 - Date created - 2002-12-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - [Establishing lead in air and water standards in the United States of America]. TT - Experiencias de la instauración de normas relativas al contenido de plomo en aire y el agua, en los Estados Unidos de América. AN - 71515048; 14746010 AB - Lead regulations and standards have resulted in a lower exposure to lead in the general population of the United States of America. This paper highlights some of the know-how developed through lead-containing experiences, particularly regarding lead content in air and water. The availability of a solid and clear scientific knowledge is central to the success of these policies. Collateral effects of some air-related standards show the extent to which problem-oriented efforts may be beneficial in other areas, inasmuch as they may have untoward consequences if careful planning and evaluation are not considered. Finally, this paper presents a discussion of the differences between centralized and decentralized approaches to lead exposure control. The English version of this paper is available at: http://www.insp.mx/salud/index.html. JF - Salud publica de Mexico AU - Davis, J Michael AU - Grant, Lester D AD - Centro Nacional de Evaluación Ambiental-RTP (MD-52), Agencia Norteamericana para la Protección del Ambiente, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Davis.Jmichael.@epa.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - S237 EP - S243 VL - 45 Suppl 2 SN - 0036-3634, 0036-3634 KW - Lead KW - 2P299V784P KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Water Pollution -- analysis KW - Air Pollution -- analysis KW - Environmental Health -- standards KW - Lead -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71515048?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Salud+publica+de+Mexico&rft.atitle=%5BEstablishing+lead+in+air+and+water+standards+in+the+United+States+of+America%5D.&rft.au=Davis%2C+J+Michael%3BGrant%2C+Lester+D&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=45+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=S237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Salud+publica+de+Mexico&rft.issn=00363634&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - Spanish DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-03-11 N1 - Date created - 2004-01-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - [Environmental intervention in sites contaminated by lead: the United States of America experience]. TT - Intervención ambiental en sitios contaminados por plomo: la experiencia en los Estados Unidos de América. AN - 71514667; 14746009 AB - For a decade, state and federal agencies have worked jointly with communities throughout the USA, with the objective of measuring the health-risk from lead pollution in residential zones. Often these communities have been linked with facilities previously associated with activities like mining and metallurgy; nevertheless, there are other industries like paint manufacturing and battery recycling, that have also been identified as lead pollution sources. The vast experience in cleaning up the contaminated sites has shown that ample programs designed to identify and handle the exposure routes can help, in an effective manner, to diminish blood lead levels (BLL) in susceptible populations, such as in young children. Environmental intervention programs are more effective when the affected communities carry out health education/intervention programs, geared towards the development of individualized strategies for handling the risk implied by the presence of lead in the atmosphere. The English version of this paper is available at: http://www.insp.mx/salud/index.html. JF - Salud publica de Mexico AU - Ceto, Nicholas AD - Universidad de Vermont, Seattle, Washington, USA. ceto.nicholas@epa.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - S232 EP - S236 VL - 45 Suppl 2 SN - 0036-3634, 0036-3634 KW - Lead KW - 2P299V784P KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Environmental Health KW - Humans KW - Lead -- analysis KW - Lead Poisoning -- prevention & control KW - Environmental Pollution KW - Environmental Exposure -- prevention & control KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71514667?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Salud+publica+de+Mexico&rft.atitle=%5BEnvironmental+intervention+in+sites+contaminated+by+lead%3A+the+United+States+of+America+experience%5D.&rft.au=Ceto%2C+Nicholas&rft.aulast=Ceto&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=45+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=S232&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Salud+publica+de+Mexico&rft.issn=00363634&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - Spanish DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-03-11 N1 - Date created - 2004-01-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Axial skeletal and Hox expression domain alterations induced by retinoic acid, valproic acid, and bromoxynil during murine development. AN - 71497182; 14708090 AB - Retinoic acid (RA) alters the developmental fate of the axial skeletal anlagen. "Anteriorizations" or "posteriorizations," the assumption of characteristics of embryonic areas normally anterior or posterior to the affected tissues, are correlated with altered embryonal expression domains of Hox genes after in utero RA treatment. These "homeotic" changes have been hypothesized to result from alterations of a "Hox cod" which imparts positional identity in the axial skeleton. To investigate whether such developmental alterations were specific to RA, or were a more general response to xenobiotic exposure, CD-1 pregnant mice were exposed to RA, valproic acid (VA), or bromoxynil (Br) during organogenesis. Additionally, the expression domains of two Hox genes, Hoxa7 and Hoxa10, were examined in gestation day (GD) 12.5 embryos obtained from control, RA, VA, or Br, treated gravid dams exposed on GD 6, 7, or 8. The anterior expression boundary of Hoxa7 is at the level of the C7/T1 vertebrae and that of Hoxa10 is at L6/S1. Compound-induced changes in the incidence of skeletal variants were observed. These included supernumerary cervical ribs (CSNR) lateral to C7, 8 vertebrosternal ribs, supernumerary lumbar ribs (LSNR) lateral to L1, extra presacral vertebrae, and the induction of vertebral and/or rib malformations. RA and VA administration on GD 6 caused posteriorization in the cervico-thoracic region (CSNR) while GD 8 exposure to any of the three compounds resulted in anteriorizations in the thoraco-lumbar area (LSNR and an increase in the number of presacral vertebrae). These effects occurred across regions of the axial skeleton. Analysis of gene expression demonstrated changes in the anterior boundaries of Hoxa7 expression domains in embryos treated on GD 6 and 8 with RA. VA and Br did not induce any statistically significant alterations in Hoxa7 and none of the compounds caused alterations in Hoxa10 expression domains. The studies indicate that RA GD 6 treatment-induced Hoxa7 shifts were rostral (posteriorization) while the RA-induced GD 8 anterior expression boundary shift was caudal (anteriorization), correlating with the axial skeletal changes noted. These data suggest that xenobiotic compounds such as VA and Br may induce similar axial skeletal changes by affecting different components of the developmental processes involved in the patterning of the axial skeleton. Copyright 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 17:346-356, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/jbt.10098 JF - Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology AU - Kawanishi, C Y AU - Hartig, P AU - Bobseine, K L AU - Schmid, J AU - Cardon, M AU - Massenburg, G AU - Chernoff, N AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, NHEERL (MD-67), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 346 EP - 356 VL - 17 IS - 6 SN - 1095-6670, 1095-6670 KW - Nitriles KW - 0 KW - Teratogens KW - Tretinoin KW - 5688UTC01R KW - Valproic Acid KW - 614OI1Z5WI KW - bromoxynil KW - J46EK95K0P KW - Index Medicus KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Litter Size -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - In Situ Hybridization KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Gestational Age KW - Teratogens -- toxicity KW - Mice KW - Time Factors KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- genetics KW - Genes, Homeobox -- drug effects KW - Valproic Acid -- toxicity KW - Spine -- embryology KW - Tretinoin -- toxicity KW - Spine -- abnormalities KW - Spine -- drug effects KW - Nitriles -- toxicity KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- etiology KW - Genes, Homeobox -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71497182?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+biochemical+and+molecular+toxicology&rft.atitle=Axial+skeletal+and+Hox+expression+domain+alterations+induced+by+retinoic+acid%2C+valproic+acid%2C+and+bromoxynil+during+murine+development.&rft.au=Kawanishi%2C+C+Y%3BHartig%2C+P%3BBobseine%2C+K+L%3BSchmid%2C+J%3BCardon%2C+M%3BMassenburg%2C+G%3BChernoff%2C+N&rft.aulast=Kawanishi&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=346&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+biochemical+and+molecular+toxicology&rft.issn=10956670&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-04-23 N1 - Date created - 2004-01-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methylated trivalent arsenicals as candidate ultimate genotoxic forms of arsenic: induction of chromosomal mutations but not gene mutations. AN - 71264295; 14556226 AB - Arsenic is a prevalent human carcinogen whose mutagenicity has not been characterized fully. Exposure to either form of inorganic arsenic, As(III) or As(V), can result in the formation of at least four organic metabolites: monomethylarsonic acid, monomethylarsonous acid (MMA(III)), dimethylarsinic acid, and dimethylarsinous acid (DMA(III)). The methylated trivalent species, as well as some of the other species, have not been evaluated previously for the induction of chromosome aberrations, sister chromatid exchanges (SCE), or toxicity in cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes; for mutagenicity in L5178Y/Tk(+/-) mouse lymphoma cells or in the Salmonella reversion assay; or for prophage-induction in Escherichia coli. Here we evaluated the arsenicals in these assays and found that MMA(III) and DMA(III) were the most potent clastogens of the six arsenicals in human lymphocytes and the most potent mutagens of the six arsenicals at the Tk(+/-) locus in mouse lymphoma cells. The dimethylated arsenicals were also spindle poisons, suggesting that they may be ultimate forms of arsenic that induce aneuploidy. Although the arsenicals were potent clastogens, none were potent SCE inducers, similar to clastogens that act via reactive oxygen species. None of the six arsenicals were gene mutagens in Salmonella TA98, TA100, or TA104; and neither MMA(III) nor DMA(III) induced prophage. Our results show that both methylated As(V) compounds were less cytotoxic and genotoxic than As(V), whereas both methylated As(III) compounds were more cytotoxic and genotoxic than As(III). Our data support the view that MMA(III) and DMA(III) are candidate ultimate genotoxic forms of arsenic and that they are clastogens and not gene mutagens. We suggest that the clastogenicity of the other arsenicals is due to their metabolism by cells to MMA(III) or DMA(III). JF - Environmental and molecular mutagenesis AU - Kligerman, Andrew D AU - Doerr, Carolyn L AU - Tennant, Alan H AU - Harrington-Brock, Karen AU - Allen, James W AU - Winkfield, Ernest AU - Poorman-Allen, Patricia AU - Kundu, Bijit AU - Funasaka, Kunihiro AU - Roop, Barbara C AU - Mass, Marc J AU - DeMarini, David M AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. kligerman.andrew@epa.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 192 EP - 205 VL - 42 IS - 3 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Arsenicals KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Index Medicus KW - Salmonella -- genetics KW - DNA Damage KW - Humans KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Lymphocytes -- ultrastructure KW - Methylation KW - Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Arsenicals -- pharmacology KW - Mutation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71264295?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Methylated+trivalent+arsenicals+as+candidate+ultimate+genotoxic+forms+of+arsenic%3A+induction+of+chromosomal+mutations+but+not+gene+mutations.&rft.au=Kligerman%2C+Andrew+D%3BDoerr%2C+Carolyn+L%3BTennant%2C+Alan+H%3BHarrington-Brock%2C+Karen%3BAllen%2C+James+W%3BWinkfield%2C+Ernest%3BPoorman-Allen%2C+Patricia%3BKundu%2C+Bijit%3BFunasaka%2C+Kunihiro%3BRoop%2C+Barbara+C%3BMass%2C+Marc+J%3BDeMarini%2C+David+M&rft.aulast=Kligerman&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=192&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-12-12 N1 - Date created - 2003-10-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toward a Globally Harmonized System: Negotiating to Promote Public Health, Environmental Protection, and International Trade AN - 60654357; 200316519 AB - An EPA official discusses the lessons of a complex, ambitious, & technical negotiation process that led to international voluntary agreements on a Globally Harmonized System for Classification & Labeling of Chemicals. Adapted from the source document. JF - The Fletcher Forum of World Affairs AU - Lowe, Mary Frances AD - Office Prevention/Pesticides/Toxic Substances, Environmental Protection Agency Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 195 EP - 207 VL - 27 IS - 1 SN - 1046-1868, 1046-1868 KW - Toxic Substances KW - Public Health KW - International Cooperation KW - Environmental Policy KW - Environmental Protection KW - International Trade KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60654357?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Fletcher+Forum+of+World+Affairs&rft.atitle=Toward+a+Globally+Harmonized+System%3A+Negotiating+to+Promote+Public+Health%2C+Environmental+Protection%2C+and+International+Trade&rft.au=Lowe%2C+Mary+Frances&rft.aulast=Lowe&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Fletcher+Forum+of+World+Affairs&rft.issn=10461868&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Toxic Substances; Environmental Protection; Public Health; International Trade; Environmental Policy; International Cooperation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reflectance spectroscopy as a rapid assessment tool for the detection of amphiboles from the Libby, Montana region AN - 51989372; 2003-039095 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Clark, Roger N AU - Hoefen, Todd M AU - Swayze, Gregg A AU - Livo, K Eric AU - Meeker, Greg P AU - Sutley, Steve J AU - Wilson, Steve A AU - Brownfield, Isabelle K AU - Vance, J Sam Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - Libby Montana KW - asbestos KW - amphibole group KW - Montana KW - clay minerals KW - Lincoln County Montana KW - physical properties KW - detection KW - chemical properties KW - sheet silicates KW - vermiculite KW - spectra KW - USGS KW - reflectance KW - chain silicates KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51989372?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Reflectance+spectroscopy+as+a+rapid+assessment+tool+for+the+detection+of+amphiboles+from+the+Libby%2C+Montana+region&rft.au=Clark%2C+Roger+N%3BHoefen%2C+Todd+M%3BSwayze%2C+Gregg+A%3BLivo%2C+K+Eric%3BMeeker%2C+Greg+P%3BSutley%2C+Steve+J%3BWilson%2C+Steve+A%3BBrownfield%2C+Isabelle+K%3BVance%2C+J+Sam&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/ofr-03-128 https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/browse/usgs-publications/OFR LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed May 13, 2003 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amphibole group; asbestos; chain silicates; chemical properties; clay minerals; detection; Libby Montana; Lincoln County Montana; Montana; physical properties; reflectance; sheet silicates; silicates; spectra; United States; USGS; vermiculite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of health-based screening levels for use in State- or local-scale water-quality assessments AN - 51975607; 2003-045560 JF - Water-Resources Investigations - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Toccalino, Patricia AU - Nowell, Lisa H AU - Wilber, William G AU - Zogorski, John S AU - Donohue, Joyce AU - Eiden, Catherine AU - Krietzman, Sandra AU - Post, Gloria Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 22 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, [Reston, VA] SN - 0092-332X, 0092-332X KW - water quality KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - drinking water KW - carcinogens KW - risk assessment KW - NAWQA KW - water resources KW - USGS KW - public health KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51975607?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Toccalino%2C+Patricia%3BNowell%2C+Lisa+H%3BWilber%2C+William+G%3BZogorski%2C+John+S%3BDonohue%2C+Joyce%3BEiden%2C+Catherine%3BKrietzman%2C+Sandra%3BPost%2C+Gloria&rft.aulast=Toccalino&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Development+of+health-based+screening+levels+for+use+in+State-+or+local-scale+water-quality+assessments&rft.title=Development+of+health-based+screening+levels+for+use+in+State-+or+local-scale+water-quality+assessments&rft.issn=0092332X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA] N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables N1 - SuppNotes - National Water-Quality Assessment Program; prepared in cooperation with the Oregon Health and Science University N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRIND3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carcinogens; drinking water; monitoring; NAWQA; pollutants; pollution; public health; regulations; risk assessment; surface water; USGS; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mass spectrometric identification of an azobenzene derivative produced by smectite-catalyzed conversion of 3-amino-4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid AN - 51967364; 2003-047940 JF - Talanta (Oxford) AU - Wershaw, R L AU - Rutherford, D W AU - Rostad, C E AU - Garbarino, J R AU - Ferrer, Imma AU - Kenney, K R AU - Momplaisir, Georges-Marie AU - Grange, Andrew Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 1219 EP - 1226 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 59 IS - 6 SN - 0039-9140, 0039-9140 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - concentration KW - degradation KW - agriculture KW - smectite KW - pollution KW - mass spectra KW - azobenzene KW - roxarsone KW - clay minerals KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - toxicity KW - chemical reactions KW - arsenates KW - amino acids KW - sheet silicates KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51967364?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Talanta+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Mass+spectrometric+identification+of+an+azobenzene+derivative+produced+by+smectite-catalyzed+conversion+of+3-amino-4-hydroxyphenylarsonic+acid&rft.au=Wershaw%2C+R+L%3BRutherford%2C+D+W%3BRostad%2C+C+E%3BGarbarino%2C+J+R%3BFerrer%2C+Imma%3BKenney%2C+K+R%3BMomplaisir%2C+Georges-Marie%3BGrange%2C+Andrew&rft.aulast=Wershaw&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1219&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Talanta+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=00399140&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00399140 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - TLNTA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; amino acids; arsenates; azobenzene; chemical reactions; clay minerals; concentration; degradation; geochemistry; mass spectra; organic acids; organic compounds; pollution; roxarsone; sheet silicates; silicates; smectite; spectra; toxicity; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Speciation of arsenic in sulfidic waters AN - 51949252; 2003-058905 AB - Formation constants for thioarsenite species have been determined in dilute solutions at 25 degrees C, Sigma H (sub 2) S from 10 (super -7.5) to 10 (super -3.0) M, Sigma As from 10 (super -5.6) to 10 (super -4.8) M, and pH 7 and 10. The principal inorganic arsenic species in anoxic aquatic systems are arsenite, As(OH) (sub 3) (super 0) , and a mononuclear thioarsenite with an S/As ratio of 3:1. Thioarsenic species with S/As ratios of 1:1, 2:1, and 4:1 are lesser components in sulfidic solutions that might be encountered in natural aquatic environments. Thioarsenites dominate arsenic speciation at sulfide concentrations > 10 (super -4.3) M at neutral pH. Conversion from neutral As(OH) (sub 3) (super 0) to anionic thioarsenite species may regulate the transport and fate of arsenic in sulfate-reducing environments by governing sorption and mineral precipitation reactions. JF - Geochemical Transactions AU - Wilkin, Richard T AU - Wallschlaeger, Dirk AU - Ford, Robert G Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 15 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, American Chemical Society, Division of Geochemistry VL - 4 IS - 1 SN - 1467-4866, 1467-4866 KW - water quality KW - toxic materials KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - laboratory studies KW - Raman spectra KW - metals KW - chemical properties KW - spectra KW - water pollution KW - sulfides KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51949252?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochemical+Transactions&rft.atitle=Speciation+of+arsenic+in+sulfidic+waters&rft.au=Wilkin%2C+Richard+T%3BWallschlaeger%2C+Dirk%3BFord%2C+Robert+G&rft.aulast=Wilkin&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochemical+Transactions&rft.issn=14674866&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fb211188h L2 - http://www.rsc.org/Publishing/Journals/GT/Index.asp LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on March, 28, 2003 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; chemical properties; experimental studies; laboratory studies; metals; pollutants; pollution; Raman spectra; spectra; sulfides; toxic materials; water pollution; water quality DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b211188h ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional, seasonal, and ethnic differences in the NHANES III pesticide epidemiology (PEPI) study AN - 51945164; 2003-065888 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Allen, Ruth H AU - Ward, Mary H AU - Gondy, Gauthami AU - Mage, David T AU - Alavanja, Michael C Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 25 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - United States KW - programs KW - agriculture KW - epidemiology KW - spatial variations KW - agrochemicals KW - seasonal variations KW - pesticides KW - USGS KW - NHANES III KW - land use KW - public health KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51945164?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Regional%2C+seasonal%2C+and+ethnic+differences+in+the+NHANES+III+pesticide+epidemiology+%28PEPI%29+study&rft.au=Allen%2C+Ruth+H%3BWard%2C+Mary+H%3BGondy%2C+Gauthami%3BMage%2C+David+T%3BAlavanja%2C+Michael+C&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=Ruth&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-097/ https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/browse/usgs-publications/OFR LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Natural science and public health; prescription for a better environment N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Sept. 3, 2003 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; agrochemicals; epidemiology; land use; NHANES III; pesticides; programs; public health; seasonal variations; spatial variations; United States; USGS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Discovery and interactive development of community level models of disease transmission; West Nile Virus in Maryland AN - 51944836; 2003-065875 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Zavaleta, Jennifer Orme AU - Jorgensen, Jane AU - D'Ambrosio, Bruce D AU - Luh, Hans K AU - Kutz, Fredrick W AU - Rossignol, Philippe A Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 12 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - United States KW - patterns KW - communities KW - medical geology KW - Bayesian analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - epidemiology KW - indicators KW - models KW - West Nile Virus KW - viruses KW - Maryland KW - USGS KW - public health KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51944836?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Discovery+and+interactive+development+of+community+level+models+of+disease+transmission%3B+West+Nile+Virus+in+Maryland&rft.au=Zavaleta%2C+Jennifer+Orme%3BJorgensen%2C+Jane%3BD%27Ambrosio%2C+Bruce+D%3BLuh%2C+Hans+K%3BKutz%2C+Fredrick+W%3BRossignol%2C+Philippe+A&rft.aulast=Zavaleta&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-097/ https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/browse/usgs-publications/OFR LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Natural science and public health; prescription for a better environment N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Sept. 3, 2003 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bayesian analysis; communities; epidemiology; indicators; Maryland; medical geology; models; patterns; public health; statistical analysis; United States; USGS; viruses; West Nile Virus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a prototype real-time early-warning monitoring network for drinking-water-supply safety and security AN - 51943562; 2003-065933 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Vowinkel, E F AU - Kiselica, B AU - Adam, N Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 72 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - protection KW - networks KW - water quality KW - water supply KW - monitoring KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - drinking water KW - automated analysis KW - warning systems KW - water resources KW - USGS KW - public health KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51943562?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+prototype+real-time+early-warning+monitoring+network+for+drinking-water-supply+safety+and+security&rft.au=Vowinkel%2C+E+F%3BKiselica%2C+B%3BAdam%2C+N&rft.aulast=Vowinkel&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=72&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-097/ https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/browse/usgs-publications/OFR LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Natural science and public health; prescription for a better environment N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Sept. 3, 2003 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - automated analysis; decision-making; drinking water; monitoring; networks; pollution; protection; public health; surface water; USGS; warning systems; water quality; water resources; water supply ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Community level analysis of vector borne disease AN - 51943382; 2003-065874 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Zavaleta, Jennifer Orme AU - Rossignol, Philippe A Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 11 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - models KW - communities KW - prediction KW - risk assessment KW - mathematical models KW - ecology KW - USGS KW - diseases KW - public health KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51943382?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Community+level+analysis+of+vector+borne+disease&rft.au=Zavaleta%2C+Jennifer+Orme%3BRossignol%2C+Philippe+A&rft.aulast=Zavaleta&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-097/ https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/browse/usgs-publications/OFR LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Natural science and public health; prescription for a better environment N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Sept. 3, 2003 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - communities; diseases; ecology; mathematical models; models; prediction; public health; risk assessment; USGS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bank filtration of waterborne pathogens, Platte River, Nebraska AN - 51941513; 2003-065902 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Vogel, Jason R AU - Verstraeten, Ingrid M AU - Rice, Eugene AU - Harris, Stephanie AU - Parnell, James M AU - Obrist, Jerry Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 39 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - oxygen KW - pollutants KW - effluents KW - surface water KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - drinking water KW - Platte River KW - Giardia KW - river banks KW - dissolved oxygen KW - filtration KW - water treatment KW - Cryptosporidium KW - bacteria KW - USGS KW - Nebraska KW - public health KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51941513?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Bank+filtration+of+waterborne+pathogens%2C+Platte+River%2C+Nebraska&rft.au=Vogel%2C+Jason+R%3BVerstraeten%2C+Ingrid+M%3BRice%2C+Eugene%3BHarris%2C+Stephanie%3BParnell%2C+James+M%3BObrist%2C+Jerry&rft.aulast=Vogel&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-097/ https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/browse/usgs-publications/OFR LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Natural science and public health; prescription for a better environment N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Sept. 3, 2003 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; Cryptosporidium; dissolved oxygen; drinking water; effluents; filtration; Giardia; Nebraska; oxygen; Platte River; pollutants; pollution; public health; river banks; solutes; surface water; United States; USGS; water quality; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protecting public health at U.S. beaches AN - 51940863; 2003-065922 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Kovatch, Charles E AU - Leamond, Beth Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 60 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - United States KW - protection KW - water quality KW - sea water KW - regulations KW - surface water KW - legislation KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - beaches KW - data bases KW - coastal environment KW - Clean Water Act KW - USGS KW - public health KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51940863?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Protecting+public+health+at+U.S.+beaches&rft.au=Kovatch%2C+Charles+E%3BLeamond%2C+Beth&rft.aulast=Kovatch&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=60&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-097/ https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/browse/usgs-publications/OFR LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Natural science and public health; prescription for a better environment N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Sept. 3, 2003 N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - beaches; Clean Water Act; coastal environment; data bases; data processing; legislation; pollution; protection; public health; regulations; sea water; surface water; United States; USGS; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental mapping with imaging spectroscopy of the World Trade Center area after the September 11, 2001 attack AN - 51940802; 2003-065911 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Clark, Roger N AU - Swayze, Gregg A AU - Hoefen, Todd M AU - Livo, K Eric AU - Sutley, Stephen J AU - Meeker, Gregory P AU - Plumlee, Geoffrey S AU - Brownfield, Isabelle K AU - Hageman, Philip L AU - Lamothe, Paul J AU - Gent, Carol A AU - Morath, Laurie C AU - Taggart, Joseph E, Jr AU - Theodorakos, Peter M AU - Adams, Monique AU - Green, Robert O AU - Pavri, Betina AU - Sarture, Chuck AU - Vance, J Sam AU - Boardman, Joe Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 49 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - asbestos KW - mapping KW - spatial variations KW - debris KW - infrared methods KW - AVIRIS KW - sediments KW - USGS KW - geochemistry KW - concentration KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - New York City New York KW - New York KW - Manhattan KW - World Trade Center KW - dust KW - spectroscopy KW - remote sensing KW - public health KW - airborne methods KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51940802?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Environmental+mapping+with+imaging+spectroscopy+of+the+World+Trade+Center+area+after+the+September+11%2C+2001+attack&rft.au=Clark%2C+Roger+N%3BSwayze%2C+Gregg+A%3BHoefen%2C+Todd+M%3BLivo%2C+K+Eric%3BSutley%2C+Stephen+J%3BMeeker%2C+Gregory+P%3BPlumlee%2C+Geoffrey+S%3BBrownfield%2C+Isabelle+K%3BHageman%2C+Philip+L%3BLamothe%2C+Paul+J%3BGent%2C+Carol+A%3BMorath%2C+Laurie+C%3BTaggart%2C+Joseph+E%2C+Jr%3BTheodorakos%2C+Peter+M%3BAdams%2C+Monique%3BGreen%2C+Robert+O%3BPavri%2C+Betina%3BSarture%2C+Chuck%3BVance%2C+J+Sam%3BBoardman%2C+Joe&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-097/ https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/browse/usgs-publications/OFR LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Natural science and public health; prescription for a better environment N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Sept. 3, 2003 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; asbestos; AVIRIS; clastic sediments; concentration; debris; dust; geochemistry; geophysical methods; infrared methods; Manhattan; mapping; New York; New York City New York; pollutants; pollution; public health; remote sensing; sediments; silicates; spatial variations; spectroscopy; United States; USGS; World Trade Center ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A model for projecting asthma statistics on schools AN - 51940757; 2003-065908 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Brody, Thomas M Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 46 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - models KW - visualization KW - geographic information systems KW - statistical analysis KW - asthma KW - prediction KW - information systems KW - USGS KW - public health KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51940757?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=A+model+for+projecting+asthma+statistics+on+schools&rft.au=Brody%2C+Thomas+M&rft.aulast=Brody&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=46&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-097/ https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/browse/usgs-publications/OFR LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Natural science and public health; prescription for a better environment N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Sept. 3, 2003 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - asthma; geographic information systems; information systems; models; prediction; public health; statistical analysis; USGS; visualization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reflectance spectroscopy as a rapid assessment tool to detect asbestiform mineralogy; lessons from the Libby, Montana region and World Trade Center AN - 51940744; 2003-065912 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Clark, Roger N AU - Hoefen, Todd M AU - Swayze, Gregg A AU - Livo, K Eric AU - Meeker, Gregory P AU - Sutley, Stephen J AU - Brownfield, Isabelle K AU - Wilson, Steve A AU - Vance, J Sam AU - Gent, Carol A Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 50 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - Libby Montana KW - asbestos KW - Lincoln County Montana KW - chrysotile KW - mineral composition KW - serpentine group KW - sediments KW - spectra KW - USGS KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - TEM data KW - Montana KW - New York City New York KW - New York KW - Manhattan KW - detection KW - World Trade Center KW - dust KW - sheet silicates KW - reflectance KW - SEM data KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51940744?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Reflectance+spectroscopy+as+a+rapid+assessment+tool+to+detect+asbestiform+mineralogy%3B+lessons+from+the+Libby%2C+Montana+region+and+World+Trade+Center&rft.au=Clark%2C+Roger+N%3BHoefen%2C+Todd+M%3BSwayze%2C+Gregg+A%3BLivo%2C+K+Eric%3BMeeker%2C+Gregory+P%3BSutley%2C+Stephen+J%3BBrownfield%2C+Isabelle+K%3BWilson%2C+Steve+A%3BVance%2C+J+Sam%3BGent%2C+Carol+A&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=50&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-097/ https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/browse/usgs-publications/OFR LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Natural science and public health; prescription for a better environment N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Sept. 3, 2003 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - asbestos; chrysotile; clastic sediments; detection; dust; Libby Montana; Lincoln County Montana; Manhattan; mineral composition; Montana; New York; New York City New York; pollutants; pollution; reflectance; sediments; SEM data; serpentine group; sheet silicates; silicates; spectra; TEM data; United States; USGS; World Trade Center ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid assessment of an urban hazard; spectroscopy of the World Trade Center dust AN - 51940443; 2003-065895 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Swayze, Gregg A AU - Clark, Roger N AU - Hoefen, Todd M AU - Livo, K Eric AU - Green, Robert O AU - Pavri, Betina AU - Sarture, Chuck AU - Sutley, Stephen J AU - Meeker, Gregory P AU - Plumlee, Geoffrey S AU - Boardman, Joe AU - Vance, S AU - Brownfield, Isabelle K AU - Gent, Carol A AU - Morath, Laurie C Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 32 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - clastic sediments KW - asbestos KW - pollutants KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - New York City New York KW - New York KW - Manhattan KW - infrared methods KW - AVIRIS KW - sampling KW - World Trade Center KW - dust KW - sediments KW - USGS KW - spectroscopy KW - SEM data KW - remote sensing KW - airborne methods KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51940443?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Rapid+assessment+of+an+urban+hazard%3B+spectroscopy+of+the+World+Trade+Center+dust&rft.au=Swayze%2C+Gregg+A%3BClark%2C+Roger+N%3BHoefen%2C+Todd+M%3BLivo%2C+K+Eric%3BGreen%2C+Robert+O%3BPavri%2C+Betina%3BSarture%2C+Chuck%3BSutley%2C+Stephen+J%3BMeeker%2C+Gregory+P%3BPlumlee%2C+Geoffrey+S%3BBoardman%2C+Joe%3BVance%2C+S%3BBrownfield%2C+Isabelle+K%3BGent%2C+Carol+A%3BMorath%2C+Laurie+C&rft.aulast=Swayze&rft.aufirst=Gregg&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=32&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-097/ https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/browse/usgs-publications/OFR LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Natural science and public health; prescription for a better environment N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Sept. 3, 2003 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; asbestos; AVIRIS; clastic sediments; dust; geophysical methods; infrared methods; Manhattan; New York; New York City New York; pollutants; pollution; remote sensing; sampling; sediments; SEM data; silicates; spectroscopy; United States; USGS; World Trade Center; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated approaches to sediment studies AN - 51916426; 2003-083472 JF - Water-Resources Investigations - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Smith, Sean AU - Herman, Julia AU - Cronin, Thomas M AU - Schwarz, Gregory E AU - Langland, Michael AU - Patison, Kenn AU - Linker, Lewis A2 - Langland, Michael A2 - Cronin, Thomas Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 80 EP - 97 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, [Reston, VA] SN - 0092-332X, 0092-332X KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - best management practices KW - Chesapeake Bay KW - sediment transport KW - erosion KW - grain size KW - sedimentation KW - rivers and streams KW - watersheds KW - shorelines KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - provenance KW - deposition KW - mass balance KW - land management KW - sediments KW - estuarine environment KW - USGS KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51916426?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Integrated+approaches+to+sediment+studies&rft.au=Smith%2C+Sean%3BHerman%2C+Julia%3BCronin%2C+Thomas+M%3BSchwarz%2C+Gregory+E%3BLangland%2C+Michael%3BPatison%2C+Kenn%3BLinker%2C+Lewis&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Sean&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=80&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=0092332X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pa.water.usgs.gov/reports/wrir03-4123.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA] N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRIND3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitation; best management practices; Chesapeake Bay; deposition; erosion; estuarine environment; grain size; hydrology; land management; mass balance; provenance; rivers and streams; sediment transport; sedimentation; sediments; shorelines; United States; USGS; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Managing turbidity, suspended solids and bedded sediments under the Clean Water Act; the EPA perspective AN - 51903664; 2004-003336 JF - U. S. Geological Survey Circular AU - Swietlik, William F Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 EP - unpaginated PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 1067-084X, 1067-084X KW - hydrology KW - bedload KW - water quality KW - degradation KW - erosion KW - stream sediments KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - rivers and streams KW - legislation KW - lakes KW - government agencies KW - watersheds KW - water management KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - suspended materials KW - sediments KW - turbidity KW - Clean Water Act KW - USGS KW - fluvial environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51903664?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Circular&rft.atitle=Managing+turbidity%2C+suspended+solids+and+bedded+sediments+under+the+Clean+Water+Act%3B+the+EPA+perspective&rft.au=Swietlik%2C+William+F&rft.aulast=Swietlik&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Circular&rft.issn=1067084X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://water.usgs.gov/pubs/circ/2003/circ1250/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Federal interagency workshop on Turbidity and other sediment surrogates N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - XICIA5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedload; Clean Water Act; degradation; erosion; fluvial environment; government agencies; hydrology; lakes; legislation; pollutants; pollution; rivers and streams; sediments; stream sediments; surface water; suspended materials; turbidity; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; USGS; water management; water quality; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nutrient and chlorophyll relations in selected streams of the New England coastal basins in Massachusetts and New Hampshire, June-September 2001 AN - 51894912; 2004-011444 JF - Water-Resources Investigations - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Riskin, Melissa L AU - Deacon, Jeffrey R AU - Liebman, Matthew L AU - Robinson, Keith W Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 16 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, [Reston, VA] SN - 0092-332X, 0092-332X KW - United States KW - water quality KW - oxygen KW - pigments KW - surface water KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - phosphorus KW - nitrogen KW - chlorophyll KW - nutrients KW - New Hampshire KW - organic compounds KW - Massachusetts KW - dissolved oxygen KW - New England KW - eutrophication KW - drainage basins KW - coastal environment KW - streams KW - USGS KW - algal blooms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51894912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Riskin%2C+Melissa+L%3BDeacon%2C+Jeffrey+R%3BLiebman%2C+Matthew+L%3BRobinson%2C+Keith+W&rft.aulast=Riskin&rft.aufirst=Melissa&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Nutrient+and+chlorophyll+relations+in+selected+streams+of+the+New+England+coastal+basins+in+Massachusetts+and+New+Hampshire%2C+June-September+2001&rft.title=Nutrient+and+chlorophyll+relations+in+selected+streams+of+the+New+England+coastal+basins+in+Massachusetts+and+New+Hampshire%2C+June-September+2001&rft.issn=0092332X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://water.usgs.gov/pubs/wri/wri034191/ http://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA] N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - National Water-Quality Assessment Program N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - WRIND3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algal blooms; chlorophyll; coastal environment; dissolved oxygen; drainage basins; eutrophication; Massachusetts; New England; New Hampshire; nitrogen; nutrients; organic compounds; oxygen; phosphorus; pigments; pollution; solutes; streams; surface water; United States; USGS; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Urbanization, sedimentation, and the homogenization of fish assemblages in the Etowah River basin, USA AN - 51738252; 2005-025940 JF - Developments in Hydrobiology AU - Waters, D M AU - Leigh, D S AU - Bearden, A B A2 - Kronvang, Brian Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 5 EP - 10 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 169 SN - 0167-8418, 0167-8418 KW - United States KW - North America KW - Chordata KW - living taxa KW - Etowah River KW - assemblages KW - human activity KW - statistical analysis KW - sedimentation KW - Appalachians KW - ecosystems KW - urbanization KW - Etowah River basin KW - Pisces KW - conservation KW - ecology KW - Georgia KW - Vertebrata KW - regression analysis KW - preservation KW - Piedmont KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51738252?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Developments+in+Hydrobiology&rft.atitle=Urbanization%2C+sedimentation%2C+and+the+homogenization+of+fish+assemblages+in+the+Etowah+River+basin%2C+USA&rft.au=Waters%2C+D+M%3BLeigh%2C+D+S%3BBearden%2C+A+B&rft.aulast=Waters&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=169&rft.issue=&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=1402013280&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Developments+in+Hydrobiology&rft.issn=01678418&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 9th international symposium on the Interactions between sediments and water N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Appalachians; assemblages; Chordata; conservation; ecology; ecosystems; Etowah River; Etowah River basin; Georgia; human activity; living taxa; North America; Piedmont; Pisces; preservation; regression analysis; sedimentation; statistical analysis; United States; urbanization; Vertebrata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Is food web structure a main control on mercury concentrations in fish in the Everglades? AN - 51684960; 2005-058953 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Kendall, Carol AU - Bemis, Bryan E AU - Trexler, Joel C AU - Lange, Ted AU - Stober, Q Jerry AU - Torres, Arturo E AU - Higer, Aaron L AU - Henkel, Heather S AU - Mixson, Patsy R AU - Eggleston, Jane R AU - Embry, Teresa L AU - Clement, Gail Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 96 EP - 97 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - United States KW - concentration KW - Chordata KW - N-15/N-14 KW - food chains KW - Everglades KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - pollution KW - Florida KW - stable isotopes KW - nitrogen KW - Pisces KW - metals KW - carbon KW - ecology KW - Vertebrata KW - USGS KW - mercury KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51684960?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Is+food+web+structure+a+main+control+on+mercury+concentrations+in+fish+in+the+Everglades%3F&rft.au=Kendall%2C+Carol%3BBemis%2C+Bryan+E%3BTrexler%2C+Joel+C%3BLange%2C+Ted%3BStober%2C+Q+Jerry%3BTorres%2C+Arturo+E%3BHiger%2C+Aaron+L%3BHenkel%2C+Heather+S%3BMixson%2C+Patsy+R%3BEggleston%2C+Jane+R%3BEmbry%2C+Teresa+L%3BClement%2C+Gail&rft.aulast=Kendall&rft.aufirst=Carol&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=96&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://sofia.usgs.gov/publications/ofr/03-54/ https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/browse/usgs-publications/OFR LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Joint science conference on Florida Bay and Greater Everglades Ecosystem Restoration N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - C-13/C-12; carbon; Chordata; concentration; ecology; Everglades; Florida; food chains; isotope ratios; isotopes; mercury; metals; N-15/N-14; nitrogen; Pisces; pollutants; pollution; stable isotopes; United States; USGS; Vertebrata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogeology of Spencer Mountain; Lick Branch karst investigation AN - 51650818; 2006-003941 JF - Florida Scientist AU - Deatrick, John AU - Anderson, W Stephen AU - Hoffelt, John AU - Frantz, Peri AU - Fielding, Lynn Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 18 PB - Florida Academy of Sciences, Orlando, FL VL - 2003 SN - 0098-4590, 0098-4590 KW - United States KW - limestone KW - Mississippian KW - waste water KW - caves KW - karst KW - ecosystems KW - ground water KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Tennessee KW - springs KW - Upper Mississippian KW - hydrology KW - pollutants KW - Paleozoic KW - effluents KW - Carboniferous KW - pollution KW - Hartselle Sandstone KW - Spencer Mountain KW - Pennywinkle Spring KW - Lick Branch Cave KW - Van Buren County Tennessee KW - geomorphology KW - carbonate rocks KW - solution features KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51650818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Florida+Scientist&rft.atitle=Hydrogeology+of+Spencer+Mountain%3B+Lick+Branch+karst+investigation&rft.au=Deatrick%2C+John%3BAnderson%2C+W+Stephen%3BHoffelt%2C+John%3BFrantz%2C+Peri%3BFielding%2C+Lynn&rft.aulast=Deatrick&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2003&rft.issue=&rft.spage=18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Florida+Scientist&rft.issn=00984590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - National Speleological Society convention N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - FLSCAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbonate rocks; Carboniferous; caves; ecosystems; effluents; geomorphology; ground water; Hartselle Sandstone; hydrology; karst; Lick Branch Cave; limestone; Mississippian; Paleozoic; Pennywinkle Spring; pollutants; pollution; sedimentary rocks; solution features; Spencer Mountain; springs; Tennessee; United States; Upper Mississippian; Van Buren County Tennessee; waste water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioremediation of artificial soil rapid infiltration system treating municipal wastewater AN - 51637595; 2006-012595 JF - International In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium AU - Cui, L H AU - Zhu, X Z AU - Liu, Y AU - Liu, W AU - Luo, S M AU - Xiao, X A2 - Magar, Victor S. A2 - Kelley, Mark E. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 EP - unpaginated PB - Battelle, [varies] VL - 7 KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - technology KW - waste water KW - Vermes KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - decontamination KW - infiltration KW - filtration KW - water treatment KW - Invertebrata KW - municipal waste KW - phytoremediation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51637595?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+In+Situ+and+On-Site+Bioremediation+Symposium&rft.atitle=Bioremediation+of+artificial+soil+rapid+infiltration+system+treating+municipal+wastewater&rft.au=Cui%2C+L+H%3BZhu%2C+X+Z%3BLiu%2C+Y%3BLiu%2C+W%3BLuo%2C+S+M%3BXiao%2C+X&rft.aulast=Cui&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574771396&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+In+Situ+and+On-Site+Bioremediation+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Seventh international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Date issued: 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06248 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biodegradation; bioremediation; decontamination; experimental studies; filtration; infiltration; Invertebrata; municipal waste; phytoremediation; pollution; remediation; soil treatment; soils; technology; Vermes; waste water; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrate reduction and transformation in organic compost media; laboratory batch studies AN - 51629889; 2006-012548 JF - International In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium AU - Su, Chunming AU - Puls, Robert W A2 - Magar, Victor S. A2 - Kelley, Mark E. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 EP - unpaginated PB - Battelle, [varies] VL - 7 KW - ammonium ion KW - composting KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - carbon KW - chemical properties KW - reduction KW - organic carbon KW - nitrate ion KW - pH KW - nitrite ion KW - disposal barriers KW - dynamic properties KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - cation exchange capacity KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - bacteria KW - waste disposal KW - transformations KW - permeability KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51629889?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+In+Situ+and+On-Site+Bioremediation+Symposium&rft.atitle=Nitrate+reduction+and+transformation+in+organic+compost+media%3B+laboratory+batch+studies&rft.au=Su%2C+Chunming%3BPuls%2C+Robert+W&rft.aulast=Su&rft.aufirst=Chunming&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574771396&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+In+Situ+and+On-Site+Bioremediation+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Seventh international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Date issued: 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06248 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ammonium ion; aquifers; bacteria; biodegradation; carbon; cation exchange capacity; chemical properties; composting; concentration; disposal barriers; dynamic properties; experimental studies; ground water; laboratory studies; microorganisms; nitrate ion; nitrite ion; organic carbon; permeability; pH; pollution; reduction; transformations; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Natural recovery of the Sangamo-Weston/Twelvemile Creek/Lake Hartwell Superfund site AN - 51628857; 2006-012564 JF - International In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium AU - Ickes, Jennifer A AU - Magar, Victor S AU - Foote, Eric A AU - Abbott, James E AU - Brenner, Richard C AU - Zeller, Craig A2 - Magar, Victor S. A2 - Kelley, Mark E. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 EP - unpaginated PB - Battelle, [varies] VL - 7 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - water quality KW - South Carolina KW - PCBs KW - environmental analysis KW - bioaccumulation KW - Twelvemile Creek KW - Lake Hartwell KW - sediments KW - Invertebrata KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - ecology KW - Mollusca KW - Superfund sites KW - soils KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - Pickens County South Carolina KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - indicators KW - biota KW - Bivalvia KW - habitat KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - lacustrine environment KW - Corbicula KW - Sangamo Weston Plant KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51628857?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+In+Situ+and+On-Site+Bioremediation+Symposium&rft.atitle=Natural+recovery+of+the+Sangamo-Weston%2FTwelvemile+Creek%2FLake+Hartwell+Superfund+site&rft.au=Ickes%2C+Jennifer+A%3BMagar%2C+Victor+S%3BFoote%2C+Eric+A%3BAbbott%2C+James+E%3BBrenner%2C+Richard+C%3BZeller%2C+Craig&rft.aulast=Ickes&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574771396&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+In+Situ+and+On-Site+Bioremediation+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Seventh international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Date issued: 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06248 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioaccumulation; biota; Bivalvia; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; Corbicula; detection; ecology; environmental analysis; habitat; halogenated hydrocarbons; indicators; Invertebrata; lacustrine environment; Lake Hartwell; Mollusca; organic compounds; PCBs; Pickens County South Carolina; pollutants; pollution; Sangamo Weston Plant; sediments; soils; South Carolina; Superfund sites; toxic materials; Twelvemile Creek; United States; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Landfill bioreactor configuration, leachate metal concentrations and microbial numbers AN - 51628832; 2006-012544 JF - International In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium AU - Kavanaugh, Rathi G AU - Morris, Brian J AU - Carson, David A AU - Davis-Hoover, Wendy J AU - Green, Roger B AU - Hater, Gary R A2 - Magar, Victor S. A2 - Kelley, Mark E. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 EP - unpaginated PB - Battelle, [varies] VL - 7 KW - water quality KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - toxic materials KW - fatty acids KW - metabolism KW - landfills KW - pollution KW - solubility KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - bacteria KW - leachate KW - bioreactors KW - trace metals KW - waste disposal KW - leaching KW - solid waste KW - heavy metals KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51628832?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+In+Situ+and+On-Site+Bioremediation+Symposium&rft.atitle=Landfill+bioreactor+configuration%2C+leachate+metal+concentrations+and+microbial+numbers&rft.au=Kavanaugh%2C+Rathi+G%3BMorris%2C+Brian+J%3BCarson%2C+David+A%3BDavis-Hoover%2C+Wendy+J%3BGreen%2C+Roger+B%3BHater%2C+Gary+R&rft.aulast=Kavanaugh&rft.aufirst=Rathi&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574771396&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+In+Situ+and+On-Site+Bioremediation+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Seventh international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Date issued: 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06248 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biodegradation; bioreactors; concentration; drinking water; fatty acids; ground water; heavy metals; landfills; leachate; leaching; metabolism; microorganisms; organic acids; organic compounds; pollution; solid waste; solubility; toxic materials; trace metals; waste disposal; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Leachate nitrogen concentrations and bacterial numbers from several bioreactor landfills AN - 51628779; 2006-012543 JF - International In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium AU - Davis-Hoover, Wendy J AU - Carson, David A AU - Martin, John F AU - Green, Roger B AU - Hater, Gary R AU - Kavanaugh, Rathi G A2 - Magar, Victor S. A2 - Kelley, Mark E. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 EP - unpaginated PB - Battelle, [varies] VL - 7 KW - United States KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - landfills KW - ammonium ion KW - preferential flow KW - nitrogen KW - aerobic environment KW - waste management KW - denitrification KW - bacteria KW - steady-state processes KW - leachate KW - Kentucky KW - bioreactors KW - Jefferson County Kentucky KW - waste disposal KW - nitrate ion KW - nitrite ion KW - Louisville Kentucky KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51628779?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+In+Situ+and+On-Site+Bioremediation+Symposium&rft.atitle=Leachate+nitrogen+concentrations+and+bacterial+numbers+from+several+bioreactor+landfills&rft.au=Davis-Hoover%2C+Wendy+J%3BCarson%2C+David+A%3BMartin%2C+John+F%3BGreen%2C+Roger+B%3BHater%2C+Gary+R%3BKavanaugh%2C+Rathi+G&rft.aulast=Davis-Hoover&rft.aufirst=Wendy&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574771396&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+In+Situ+and+On-Site+Bioremediation+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Seventh international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Date issued: 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06248 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; ammonium ion; bacteria; biodegradation; bioreactors; concentration; denitrification; Jefferson County Kentucky; Kentucky; landfills; leachate; Louisville Kentucky; nitrate ion; nitrite ion; nitrogen; preferential flow; steady-state processes; United States; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification and control of odors from land treatment of wood-treating wastes AN - 51628564; 2006-012572 JF - International In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium AU - Harris, James C AU - Stordahl, Darrel M AU - Huffsmith, Randy L AU - Gaudes, Robert J AU - Lavelle, James M A2 - Magar, Victor S. A2 - Kelley, Mark E. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 EP - unpaginated PB - Battelle, [varies] VL - 7 KW - United States KW - contaminant plumes KW - creosote KW - reclamation KW - Silver Bow County Montana KW - chlorophenols KW - chemical waste KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - controls KW - decontamination KW - discharge KW - chemical composition KW - Superfund sites KW - soils KW - odor KW - pollutants KW - Butte Montana KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - pentachlorophenol KW - bioremediation KW - benzene KW - Montana KW - organic compounds KW - industrial waste KW - hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - public health KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51628564?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+In+Situ+and+On-Site+Bioremediation+Symposium&rft.atitle=Identification+and+control+of+odors+from+land+treatment+of+wood-treating+wastes&rft.au=Harris%2C+James+C%3BStordahl%2C+Darrel+M%3BHuffsmith%2C+Randy+L%3BGaudes%2C+Robert+J%3BLavelle%2C+James+M&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574771396&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+In+Situ+and+On-Site+Bioremediation+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Seventh international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Date issued: 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06248 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; bioremediation; Butte Montana; chemical composition; chemical waste; chlorophenols; contaminant plumes; controls; creosote; decontamination; discharge; environmental analysis; hydrocarbons; industrial waste; Montana; odor; organic compounds; pentachlorophenol; pollutants; pollution; public health; reclamation; remediation; risk assessment; Silver Bow County Montana; soil treatment; soils; Superfund sites; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Compound-specific stable isotope analysis to demonstrate in situ MTBE biotransformation AN - 51578819; 2006-050620 JF - International In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium AU - Kuder, Tomasz AU - Philip, Paul AU - Allen, J AU - Kolhatkar, R AU - Wilson, J AU - Landmeyer, J A2 - Magar, Victor S. A2 - Kelley, Mark E. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 EP - unpaginated PB - Battelle, [varies] VL - 7 KW - United States KW - degradation KW - isotopes KW - gas chromatograms KW - mass spectra KW - stable isotopes KW - ground water KW - geochemical indicators KW - ethers KW - California KW - methyl tert-butyl ether KW - carbon KW - chemical properties KW - spectra KW - water pollution KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - pollution KW - Montana KW - ICP mass spectra KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - volatile organic compounds KW - New Jersey KW - transformations KW - microorganisms KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51578819?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+In+Situ+and+On-Site+Bioremediation+Symposium&rft.atitle=Compound-specific+stable+isotope+analysis+to+demonstrate+in+situ+MTBE+biotransformation&rft.au=Kuder%2C+Tomasz%3BPhilip%2C+Paul%3BAllen%2C+J%3BKolhatkar%2C+R%3BWilson%2C+J%3BLandmeyer%2C+J&rft.aulast=Kuder&rft.aufirst=Tomasz&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574771396&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+In+Situ+and+On-Site+Bioremediation+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Seventh international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Date issued: 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06248 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biodegradation; C-13/C-12; California; carbon; chemical properties; degradation; ethers; experimental studies; gas chromatograms; geochemical indicators; ground water; ICP mass spectra; in situ; isotope ratios; isotopes; mass spectra; methyl tert-butyl ether; microorganisms; Montana; New Jersey; New York; organic compounds; pollution; spectra; stable isotopes; transformations; United States; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recent trends in bioremediation and monitored natural attenuation use at Superfund sites AN - 51578747; 2006-050586 JF - International In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium AU - Fiedler, Linda AU - Shields, Peter AU - Gratton, Danielle A2 - Magar, Victor S. A2 - Kelley, Mark E. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 EP - unpaginated PB - Battelle, [varies] VL - 7 KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - technology KW - soil vapor extraction KW - chlorophenols KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - solvents KW - decontamination KW - natural attenuation KW - Superfund sites KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - pentachlorophenol KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - BTEX KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - bioventing KW - soil pollution KW - incineration KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51578747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+In+Situ+and+On-Site+Bioremediation+Symposium&rft.atitle=Recent+trends+in+bioremediation+and+monitored+natural+attenuation+use+at+Superfund+sites&rft.au=Fiedler%2C+Linda%3BShields%2C+Peter%3BGratton%2C+Danielle&rft.aulast=Fiedler&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574771396&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+In+Situ+and+On-Site+Bioremediation+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Seventh international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Date issued: 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06248 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; biodegradation; bioremediation; bioventing; BTEX; chlorophenols; decontamination; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; incineration; monitoring; natural attenuation; organic compounds; pentachlorophenol; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; remediation; soil pollution; soil treatment; soil vapor extraction; solvents; Superfund sites; technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PCB source and natural alteration patterns in sediments of Lake Hartwell and Twelve-Mile Creek, South Carolina AN - 51576398; 2006-050629 JF - International In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium AU - Johnson, Glenn W AU - Magar, Victor S AU - Quensen, John F, III AU - Durell, Greg AU - Brenner, Richard A2 - Magar, Victor S. A2 - Kelley, Mark E. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 EP - unpaginated PB - Battelle, [varies] VL - 7 KW - United States KW - Twelve-Mile Creek KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - South Carolina KW - PCBs KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - Lake Hartwell KW - tracers KW - sediments KW - drainage basins KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - discharge KW - Superfund sites KW - soils KW - concentration KW - Pickens County South Carolina KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - dehalogenation KW - pollution KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - soil pollution KW - dechlorination KW - lacustrine environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51576398?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+In+Situ+and+On-Site+Bioremediation+Symposium&rft.atitle=PCB+source+and+natural+alteration+patterns+in+sediments+of+Lake+Hartwell+and+Twelve-Mile+Creek%2C+South+Carolina&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Glenn+W%3BMagar%2C+Victor+S%3BQuensen%2C+John+F%2C+III%3BDurell%2C+Greg%3BBrenner%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574771396&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+In+Situ+and+On-Site+Bioremediation+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Seventh international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Date issued: 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06248 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; dechlorination; dehalogenation; detection; discharge; drainage basins; environmental analysis; halogenated hydrocarbons; lacustrine environment; Lake Hartwell; organic compounds; PCBs; Pickens County South Carolina; pollutants; pollution; remediation; sediments; soil pollution; soils; South Carolina; Superfund sites; surface water; tracers; Twelve-Mile Creek; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of swine lagoons and ground water for environmental estrogens AN - 51575931; 2006-050634 JF - International In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium AU - Hutchins, Stephen R AU - White, Mark V AU - Fine, Dennis D AU - Breidenbach, Peter G A2 - Magar, Victor S. A2 - Kelley, Mark E. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 EP - unpaginated PB - Battelle, [varies] VL - 7 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - water quality KW - observation wells KW - mass spectra KW - waste lagoons KW - ground water KW - ethers KW - phenols KW - methyl tert-butyl ether KW - oxides KW - animal waste KW - spectra KW - water pollution KW - pollutants KW - estrogen KW - effluents KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - hydroxides KW - recharge KW - organic compounds KW - Oklahoma KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51575931?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+In+Situ+and+On-Site+Bioremediation+Symposium&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+swine+lagoons+and+ground+water+for+environmental+estrogens&rft.au=Hutchins%2C+Stephen+R%3BWhite%2C+Mark+V%3BFine%2C+Dennis+D%3BBreidenbach%2C+Peter+G&rft.aulast=Hutchins&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574771396&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+In+Situ+and+On-Site+Bioremediation+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Seventh international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Date issued: 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06248 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - animal waste; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; effluents; estrogen; ethers; ground water; hydroxides; mass spectra; methyl tert-butyl ether; observation wells; Oklahoma; organic compounds; oxides; phenols; pollutants; pollution; recharge; spectra; surface water; United States; waste disposal; waste lagoons; water pollution; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fifth international conference on Arsenic exposure and heath effects AN - 51555066; 2006-065268 JF - Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects: Proceedings of the International Conference on Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects A2 - Chapell, Willard R. A2 - Abernathy, Charles O. A2 - Calderon, Rebecca L. A2 - Thomas, David J. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 533 PB - International Conference on Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects, [varies] VL - 5 KW - soils KW - water quality KW - toxicity KW - symposia KW - metals KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - risk assessment KW - public health KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51555066?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects%3A+Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects&rft.atitle=Fifth+international+conference+on+Arsenic+exposure+and+heath+effects&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0444514414&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects%3A+Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifth international conference on Arsenic exposure and heath effects N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06455 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; ground water; metals; pollution; public health; risk assessment; soils; symposia; toxicity; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Groundwater arsenic contamination in Nepal; a new challenge for water supply sector AN - 51555002; 2006-065270 JF - Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects: Proceedings of the International Conference on Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects AU - Shrestha, Roshan R AU - Shrestha, Mathura P AU - Upadhyay, Narayan P AU - Pradhan, Riddhi AU - Khadka, Rosha AU - Maskey, Arinita AU - Tuladhar, Sabita AU - Dahal, Binod M AU - Shrestha, Sharmila AU - Shrestha, Kabita B A2 - Chapell, Willard R. A2 - Abernathy, Charles O. A2 - Calderon, Rebecca L. A2 - Thomas, David J. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 25 EP - 37 PB - International Conference on Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects, [varies] VL - 5 KW - water quality KW - concentration KW - water supply KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - international cooperation KW - drinking water KW - Nepal KW - Terai Nepal KW - remediation KW - human ecology KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - toxicity KW - Indian Peninsula KW - shallow aquifers KW - risk assessment KW - Asia KW - water wells KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51555002?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects%3A+Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects&rft.atitle=Groundwater+arsenic+contamination+in+Nepal%3B+a+new+challenge+for+water+supply+sector&rft.au=Shrestha%2C+Roshan+R%3BShrestha%2C+Mathura+P%3BUpadhyay%2C+Narayan+P%3BPradhan%2C+Riddhi%3BKhadka%2C+Rosha%3BMaskey%2C+Arinita%3BTuladhar%2C+Sabita%3BDahal%2C+Binod+M%3BShrestha%2C+Sharmila%3BShrestha%2C+Kabita+B&rft.aulast=Shrestha&rft.aufirst=Roshan&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=0444514414&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects%3A+Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifth international conference on Arsenic exposure and heath effects N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06455 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Asia; concentration; drinking water; ground water; human ecology; Indian Peninsula; international cooperation; Nepal; pollutants; pollution; remediation; risk assessment; shallow aquifers; Terai Nepal; toxicity; water quality; water supply; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of arsenic release from sediment minerals to water phases AN - 51554447; 2006-065274 JF - Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects: Proceedings of the International Conference on Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects AU - Tran Hong, Con AU - Nguyen Thi, Hanh AU - Berg, Michael AU - Pham Hung, Viet A2 - Chapell, Willard R. A2 - Abernathy, Charles O. A2 - Calderon, Rebecca L. A2 - Thomas, David J. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 93 EP - 101 PB - International Conference on Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects, [varies] VL - 5 KW - soils KW - water quality KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - Far East KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - suspended materials KW - drinking water KW - Hanoi Vietnam KW - Vietnam KW - ground water KW - detection KW - dissolved materials KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - sediments KW - alluvium KW - Asia KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51554447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects%3A+Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+arsenic+release+from+sediment+minerals+to+water+phases&rft.au=Tran+Hong%2C+Con%3BNguyen+Thi%2C+Hanh%3BBerg%2C+Michael%3BPham+Hung%2C+Viet&rft.aulast=Tran+Hong&rft.aufirst=Con&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=0444514414&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects%3A+Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifth international conference on Arsenic exposure and heath effects N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06455 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alluvium; arsenic; Asia; clastic sediments; concentration; detection; dissolved materials; drinking water; Far East; ground water; Hanoi Vietnam; metals; monitoring; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; sediments; soils; surface water; suspended materials; Vietnam; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Groundwater arsenic exposure in India AN - 51554419; 2006-065269 JF - Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects: Proceedings of the International Conference on Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects AU - Chakraborti, Dipankar AU - Sengupta, Mrinal Kumar AU - Rahman, Mahmudur AU - Chowdhury, Uttam Kumar AU - Lodh, Dilip AU - Ahmed, Sad AU - Hossain, M Amir AU - Basu, Gautam Kumar AU - Mukherjee, Subhash Chandra AU - Saha, Kshitish Chandra A2 - Chapell, Willard R. A2 - Abernathy, Charles O. A2 - Calderon, Rebecca L. A2 - Thomas, David J. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 3 EP - 24 PB - International Conference on Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects, [varies] VL - 5 KW - water quality KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - monitoring KW - effluents KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - India KW - ground water KW - Punjab India KW - Chandigarh India KW - Indian Peninsula KW - Himachal Pradesh India KW - metals KW - industrial waste KW - Haryana India KW - West Bengal India KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - discharge KW - Asia KW - water wells KW - public health KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51554419?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects%3A+Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects&rft.atitle=Groundwater+arsenic+exposure+in+India&rft.au=Chakraborti%2C+Dipankar%3BSengupta%2C+Mrinal+Kumar%3BRahman%2C+Mahmudur%3BChowdhury%2C+Uttam+Kumar%3BLodh%2C+Dilip%3BAhmed%2C+Sad%3BHossain%2C+M+Amir%3BBasu%2C+Gautam+Kumar%3BMukherjee%2C+Subhash+Chandra%3BSaha%2C+Kshitish+Chandra&rft.aulast=Chakraborti&rft.aufirst=Dipankar&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=0444514414&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects%3A+Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifth international conference on Arsenic exposure and heath effects N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 112 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06455 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; Asia; Chandigarh India; concentration; discharge; effluents; ground water; Haryana India; Himachal Pradesh India; India; Indian Peninsula; industrial waste; metals; monitoring; pollution; public health; Punjab India; risk assessment; toxic materials; waste disposal; water quality; water wells; West Bengal India ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental impacts, exposure assessment and health effects related to arsenic emissions from a coal-fired power plant in central Slovakia; the EXPASCAN study AN - 51553900; 2006-065271 JF - Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects: Proceedings of the International Conference on Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects AU - Thornton, I AU - Farago, M E AU - Keegan, T AU - Nieuwenhuijsen, M J AU - Colvile, R N AU - Pesch, B AU - Ranft, U AU - Miskovic, P AU - Jakubis, P Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 39 EP - 49 PB - International Conference on Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects, [varies] VL - 5 KW - water quality KW - Slovakia KW - impact statements KW - power plants KW - Europe KW - combustion KW - drinking water KW - human ecology KW - carcinogens KW - controls KW - Nitra Valley KW - sedimentary rocks KW - coal KW - Central Europe KW - sediments KW - discharge KW - soils KW - concentration KW - food chains KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - atmosphere KW - metals KW - dust KW - industrial waste KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51553900?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects%3A+Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects&rft.atitle=Environmental+impacts%2C+exposure+assessment+and+health+effects+related+to+arsenic+emissions+from+a+coal-fired+power+plant+in+central+Slovakia%3B+the+EXPASCAN+study&rft.au=Thornton%2C+I%3BFarago%2C+M+E%3BKeegan%2C+T%3BNieuwenhuijsen%2C+M+J%3BColvile%2C+R+N%3BPesch%2C+B%3BRanft%2C+U%3BMiskovic%2C+P%3BJakubis%2C+P&rft.aulast=Thornton&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=0444514414&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects%3A+Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifth international conference on Arsenic exposure and heath effects N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-20 N1 - CODEN - #06455 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; atmosphere; carcinogens; Central Europe; clastic sediments; coal; combustion; concentration; controls; discharge; drinking water; dust; Europe; food chains; human ecology; impact statements; industrial waste; metals; Nitra Valley; pollutants; pollution; power plants; sedimentary rocks; sediments; Slovakia; soils; waste disposal; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Occurrence of public health and environmental hazards and potential remediation of arsenic-containing soils, sediments, surface water and groundwater at the Lava Cap Mine NPL Superfund site in Nevada County, California AN - 51552552; 2006-065273 JF - Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects: Proceedings of the International Conference on Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects AU - Lee, G Fred AU - Jones-Lee, Anne A2 - Chapell, Willard R. A2 - Abernathy, Charles O. A2 - Calderon, Rebecca L. A2 - Thomas, David J. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 79 EP - 91 PB - International Conference on Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects, [varies] VL - 5 KW - United States KW - soils KW - hazardous waste KW - pollutants KW - landfills KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - environmental analysis KW - drinking water KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Nevada County California KW - Lava Cap Mine KW - California KW - sediments KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - tailings KW - Superfund sites KW - public health KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51552552?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects%3A+Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects&rft.atitle=Occurrence+of+public+health+and+environmental+hazards+and+potential+remediation+of+arsenic-containing+soils%2C+sediments%2C+surface+water+and+groundwater+at+the+Lava+Cap+Mine+NPL+Superfund+site+in+Nevada+County%2C+California&rft.au=Lee%2C+G+Fred%3BJones-Lee%2C+Anne&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=0444514414&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects%3A+Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifth international conference on Arsenic exposure and heath effects N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06455 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; drinking water; environmental analysis; ground water; hazardous waste; landfills; Lava Cap Mine; Nevada County California; pollutants; pollution; public health; remediation; risk assessment; sediments; soils; Superfund sites; surface water; tailings; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Arsenic in Yellowknife, North West Territories, Canada AN - 51551523; 2006-065272 JF - Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects: Proceedings of the International Conference on Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects AU - Cullen, William R AU - Polishchuk, Elena AU - Reimer, Kenneth J AU - Sun, Yongmei AU - Wang, Lixia AU - Lai, Vivian W M A2 - Chapell, Willard R. A2 - Abernathy, Charles O. A2 - Calderon, Rebecca L. A2 - Thomas, David J. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 69 EP - 78 PB - International Conference on Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects, [varies] VL - 5 KW - metabolites KW - hazardous waste KW - Giant Mine KW - calcium sulfate KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - metabolism KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - Northwest Territories KW - bioaccumulation KW - fungi KW - Canada KW - Yellowknife Northwest Territories KW - metals KW - dust KW - sediments KW - Western Canada KW - leaching KW - water resources KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51551523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects%3A+Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects&rft.atitle=Arsenic+in+Yellowknife%2C+North+West+Territories%2C+Canada&rft.au=Cullen%2C+William+R%3BPolishchuk%2C+Elena%3BReimer%2C+Kenneth+J%3BSun%2C+Yongmei%3BWang%2C+Lixia%3BLai%2C+Vivian+W+M&rft.aulast=Cullen&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=0444514414&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects%3A+Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifth international conference on Arsenic exposure and heath effects N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06455 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; bioaccumulation; calcium sulfate; Canada; clastic sediments; concentration; dust; fungi; Giant Mine; hazardous waste; leaching; metabolism; metabolites; metals; microorganisms; Northwest Territories; pollutants; pollution; sediments; toxic materials; water resources; Western Canada; Yellowknife Northwest Territories ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An update on some arsenic programs at the US EPA AN - 51551399; 2006-065275 JF - Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects: Proceedings of the International Conference on Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects AU - Abernathy, Charles O AU - Beringer, Mike AU - Calderon, R L AU - McMahon, T AU - Winchester, E A2 - Chapell, Willard R. A2 - Abernathy, Charles O. A2 - Calderon, Rebecca L. A2 - Thomas, David J. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 505 EP - 519 PB - International Conference on Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects, [varies] VL - 5 KW - water quality KW - programs KW - toxic materials KW - public awareness KW - metabolism KW - regulations KW - government agencies KW - data processing KW - arsenic KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - bioavailability KW - Safe Drinking Water Act KW - education KW - research KW - drinking water KW - carcinogens KW - metals KW - data bases KW - pesticides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51551399?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects%3A+Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects&rft.atitle=An+update+on+some+arsenic+programs+at+the+US+EPA&rft.au=Abernathy%2C+Charles+O%3BBeringer%2C+Mike%3BCalderon%2C+R+L%3BMcMahon%2C+T%3BWinchester%2C+E&rft.aulast=Abernathy&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=505&rft.isbn=0444514414&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects%3A+Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Arsenic+Exposure+and+Health+Effects&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifth international conference on Arsenic exposure and heath effects N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 75 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06455 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; bioavailability; carcinogens; data bases; data processing; decision-making; drinking water; education; government agencies; metabolism; metals; pesticides; pollution; programs; public awareness; regulations; research; Safe Drinking Water Act; toxic materials; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acoustic identification of near-shore substrates in the Great Lakes AN - 51506973; 2007-009028 JF - Program and Abstracts of the ... Conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research AU - West, C W AU - Scharold, J V AU - Yurista, P M AU - Kelly, J R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 214 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), [location varies] VL - 46 KW - granulometry KW - North America KW - imagery KW - monitoring KW - data acquisition KW - sedimentation KW - geophysical methods KW - shorelines KW - nearshore sedimentation KW - substrates KW - habitat KW - acoustical methods KW - detection KW - sampling KW - sediments KW - lacustrine environment KW - Great Lakes KW - ecology KW - bathymetry KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51506973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+of+the+...+Conference+of+the+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Acoustic+identification+of+near-shore+substrates+in+the+Great+Lakes&rft.au=West%2C+C+W%3BScharold%2C+J+V%3BYurista%2C+P+M%3BKelly%2C+J+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=&rft.spage=214&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+of+the+...+Conference+of+the+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 46th annual conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research and 10th World lakes conference of the International Lake Committee N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05410 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acoustical methods; bathymetry; data acquisition; detection; ecology; geophysical methods; granulometry; Great Lakes; habitat; imagery; lacustrine environment; monitoring; nearshore sedimentation; North America; sampling; sedimentation; sediments; shorelines; substrates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High resolution modeling of PCB congeners in Lake Michigan using the Lake Michigan Level 3 (LM3) contaminant model AN - 51506864; 2007-008989 JF - Program and Abstracts of the ... Conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research AU - Gerstner, G AU - Melendez, W AU - Endicott, D D AU - Rygwelski, K R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 14 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), [location varies] VL - 46 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - North America KW - high-resolution methods KW - concentration KW - numerical models KW - sediment transport KW - pollutants KW - PCBs KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - simulation KW - models KW - environmental management KW - organic compounds KW - Lake Michigan KW - detection KW - transport KW - mass balance KW - hydrodynamics KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51506864?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+of+the+...+Conference+of+the+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=High+resolution+modeling+of+PCB+congeners+in+Lake+Michigan+using+the+Lake+Michigan+Level+3+%28LM3%29+contaminant+model&rft.au=Gerstner%2C+G%3BMelendez%2C+W%3BEndicott%2C+D+D%3BRygwelski%2C+K+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gerstner&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+of+the+...+Conference+of+the+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 46th annual conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research and 10th World lakes conference of the International Lake Committee N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05410 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; detection; environmental management; Great Lakes; halogenated hydrocarbons; high-resolution methods; hydrodynamics; Lake Michigan; mass balance; models; North America; numerical models; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; prediction; sediment transport; simulation; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling sediment transport for the Lake Michigan Mass Balance Project AN - 51503631; 2007-009021 JF - Program and Abstracts of the ... Conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research AU - Endicott, D D AU - Kreis, R G, Jr AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 161 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), [location varies] VL - 46 KW - North America KW - sediment transport KW - pollution KW - simulation KW - flume studies KW - models KW - Lake Michigan KW - transport KW - mass balance KW - fine-grained materials KW - sediments KW - lacustrine environment KW - Great Lakes KW - turbidity KW - sediment traps KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51503631?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+of+the+...+Conference+of+the+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Modeling+sediment+transport+for+the+Lake+Michigan+Mass+Balance+Project&rft.au=Endicott%2C+D+D%3BKreis%2C+R+G%2C+Jr%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Endicott&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+of+the+...+Conference+of+the+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 46th annual conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research and 10th World lakes conference of the International Lake Committee N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05410 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - fine-grained materials; flume studies; Great Lakes; lacustrine environment; Lake Michigan; mass balance; models; North America; pollution; sediment transport; sediment traps; sediments; simulation; transport; turbidity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atrazine and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Lake Michigan ecosystem components AN - 51503566; 2007-008985 JF - Program and Abstracts of the ... Conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research AU - Brent, R N AU - McCarty, H AU - Schofield, J AU - Miller, K AU - Blume, L J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 11 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), [location varies] VL - 46 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - rivers and streams KW - PCBs KW - ecosystems KW - triazines KW - Lake Michigan KW - mass balance KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes KW - North America KW - concentration KW - food chains KW - herbicides KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - atmosphere KW - habitat KW - organic compounds KW - atrazine KW - lacustrine environment KW - pesticides KW - aquatic environment KW - public health KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51503566?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+of+the+...+Conference+of+the+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Atrazine+and+polychlorinated+biphenyls+%28PCBs%29+in+Lake+Michigan+ecosystem+components&rft.au=Brent%2C+R+N%3BMcCarty%2C+H%3BSchofield%2C+J%3BMiller%2C+K%3BBlume%2C+L+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Brent&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+of+the+...+Conference+of+the+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 46th annual conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research and 10th World lakes conference of the International Lake Committee N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05410 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; atmosphere; atrazine; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; ecosystems; food chains; Great Lakes; habitat; halogenated hydrocarbons; herbicides; lacustrine environment; Lake Michigan; mass balance; North America; organic compounds; PCBs; pesticides; pollution; public health; rivers and streams; sediments; surface water; triazines ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reduction of PCB-contaminated sediment hazardous volume using physical separation techniques at Manistique Harbor Site, Manistique Michigan AN - 51503532; 2007-008999 JF - Program and Abstracts of the ... Conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research AU - Fields-Capri, J A AU - Nied, W AU - Hohol, C AU - Nedens, T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 31 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), [location varies] VL - 46 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - North America KW - concentration KW - Schoolcraft County Michigan KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - PCBs KW - Michigan Upper Peninsula KW - harbors KW - pollution KW - organic compounds KW - Lake Michigan KW - Manistique Michigan KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes KW - coastal environment KW - particulate materials KW - Michigan KW - waste disposal KW - discharge KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51503532?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+of+the+...+Conference+of+the+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Reduction+of+PCB-contaminated+sediment+hazardous+volume+using+physical+separation+techniques+at+Manistique+Harbor+Site%2C+Manistique+Michigan&rft.au=Fields-Capri%2C+J+A%3BNied%2C+W%3BHohol%2C+C%3BNedens%2C+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fields-Capri&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+of+the+...+Conference+of+the+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 46th annual conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research and 10th World lakes conference of the International Lake Committee N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05410 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; coastal environment; concentration; discharge; Great Lakes; halogenated hydrocarbons; harbors; hazardous waste; Lake Michigan; Manistique Michigan; Michigan; Michigan Upper Peninsula; North America; organic compounds; particulate materials; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; Schoolcraft County Michigan; sediments; surface water; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development, calibration and application of a contaminant transport and fate mass balance model for Lake Michigan, LM2 AN - 51503526; 2007-008988 JF - Program and Abstracts of the ... Conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research AU - Zhang, X AU - Rygwelski, K R AU - Endicott, D D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 14 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), [location varies] VL - 46 KW - North America KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - pollutants KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - calibration KW - chemical waste KW - models KW - environmental management KW - Lake Michigan KW - transport KW - mass balance KW - sediments KW - lacustrine environment KW - Great Lakes KW - design KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51503526?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+of+the+...+Conference+of+the+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Development%2C+calibration+and+application+of+a+contaminant+transport+and+fate+mass+balance+model+for+Lake+Michigan%2C+LM2&rft.au=Zhang%2C+X%3BRygwelski%2C+K+R%3BEndicott%2C+D+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+of+the+...+Conference+of+the+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 46th annual conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research and 10th World lakes conference of the International Lake Committee N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05410 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calibration; chemical waste; concentration; design; environmental management; Great Lakes; lacustrine environment; Lake Michigan; mass balance; models; North America; pollutants; pollution; prediction; sediments; toxic materials; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using the weight of evidence approach for making sediment management decisions AN - 51503084; 2007-008995 JF - Program and Abstracts of the ... Conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research AU - Cieniawski, S E AU - Collier, D J AU - Tuchman, M L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 29 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), [location varies] VL - 46 KW - United States KW - North America KW - benthic taxa KW - Great Lakes region KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - biota KW - bioaccumulation KW - environmental management KW - habitat KW - toxicity KW - Raisin River KW - sediments KW - risk assessment KW - ecology KW - Michigan KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51503084?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+of+the+...+Conference+of+the+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Using+the+weight+of+evidence+approach+for+making+sediment+management+decisions&rft.au=Cieniawski%2C+S+E%3BCollier%2C+D+J%3BTuchman%2C+M+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cieniawski&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+of+the+...+Conference+of+the+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 46th annual conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research and 10th World lakes conference of the International Lake Committee N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05410 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - benthic taxa; bioaccumulation; biota; decision-making; ecology; environmental management; Great Lakes region; habitat; Michigan; North America; pollutants; pollution; Raisin River; risk assessment; sediments; toxicity; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sediment contamination in the Great Lakes AN - 51503047; 2007-008994 JF - Program and Abstracts of the ... Conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research AU - Marvin, C H AU - Painter, D S AU - Cieniawski, S E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 29 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), [location varies] VL - 46 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - PCBs KW - organochlorine pesticides KW - ecosystems KW - chemical waste KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes KW - discharge KW - mercury KW - dieldrin KW - North America KW - insecticides KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - pollutants KW - furans KW - pollution KW - dioxins KW - indicators KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - DDT KW - lacustrine environment KW - chlordane KW - pesticides KW - aquatic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51503047?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+of+the+...+Conference+of+the+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Sediment+contamination+in+the+Great+Lakes&rft.au=Marvin%2C+C+H%3BPainter%2C+D+S%3BCieniawski%2C+S+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Marvin&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+of+the+...+Conference+of+the+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 46th annual conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research and 10th World lakes conference of the International Lake Committee N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05410 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; chemical waste; chlordane; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; DDT; dieldrin; dioxins; discharge; ecosystems; furans; Great Lakes; halogenated hydrocarbons; indicators; insecticides; lacustrine environment; mercury; metals; North America; organic compounds; organochlorine pesticides; PCBs; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; sediments; toxic materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Demonstration of measurement system performance AN - 50461029; 2009-074787 JF - Soil & Sediment Contamination AU - Parr, Jerry L AU - Friedman, David AU - Gearhart, Harry AU - Jackson, Kenneth AU - Burrows, Richard AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 685 EP - 686 PB - Taylor & Francis, Philadelphia, PA VL - 12 IS - 5 SN - 1549-7887, 1549-7887 KW - soils KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - calibration KW - petroleum products KW - measurement KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - accuracy KW - instruments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50461029?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+%26+Sediment+Contamination&rft.atitle=Demonstration+of+measurement+system+performance&rft.au=Parr%2C+Jerry+L%3BFriedman%2C+David%3BGearhart%2C+Harry%3BJackson%2C+Kenneth%3BBurrows%2C+Richard%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Parr&rft.aufirst=Jerry&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=685&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+%26+Sediment+Contamination&rft.issn=15497887&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/10588337.asp LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirteeth annual west coast conference on Contaminated soils, sediments and water N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; calibration; concentration; contaminant plumes; experimental studies; ground water; hydrocarbons; instruments; laboratory studies; measurement; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sulfate reduction biokinetics in presence of heavy metals AN - 50460870; 2009-074776 JF - Soil & Sediment Contamination AU - Utgikar, Vivek P AU - Tabak, Henry H AU - Haines, John R AU - Govind, Rakesh AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 676 PB - Taylor & Francis, Philadelphia, PA VL - 12 IS - 5 SN - 1549-7887, 1549-7887 KW - soils KW - zinc KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - toxic materials KW - acid mine drainage KW - sulfates KW - copper KW - metabolism KW - surface water KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - rates KW - mathematical models KW - measurement KW - sulfate-reducing bacteria KW - toxicity KW - metals KW - bioreactors KW - kinetics KW - heavy metals KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50460870?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+%26+Sediment+Contamination&rft.atitle=Sulfate+reduction+biokinetics+in+presence+of+heavy+metals&rft.au=Utgikar%2C+Vivek+P%3BTabak%2C+Henry+H%3BHaines%2C+John+R%3BGovind%2C+Rakesh%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Utgikar&rft.aufirst=Vivek&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=676&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+%26+Sediment+Contamination&rft.issn=15497887&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/10588337.asp LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirteeth annual west coast conference on Contaminated soils, sediments and water N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; biodegradation; bioreactors; concentration; copper; heavy metals; kinetics; mathematical models; measurement; metabolism; metals; microorganisms; pollution; rates; soils; solutes; sulfate-reducing bacteria; sulfates; surface water; toxic materials; toxicity; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Advances in biotreatment of acid mine drainage and biorecovery of metals AN - 50460830; 2009-074775 JF - Soil & Sediment Contamination AU - Tabak, Henry H AU - Govind, Rakesh AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 674 EP - 675 PB - Taylor & Francis, Philadelphia, PA VL - 12 IS - 5 SN - 1549-7887, 1549-7887 KW - United States KW - waste water KW - Silver Bow County Montana KW - remediation KW - Acidithiobacillus KW - Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans KW - Thiobacillus KW - Bacillus KW - heavy metals KW - abandoned mines KW - Superfund sites KW - soils KW - mines KW - acid mine drainage KW - sulfates KW - oxidation KW - effluents KW - surface water KW - Butte Montana KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - Montana KW - sulfate-reducing bacteria KW - Bow Creek-Butte Site KW - bacteria KW - bioreactors KW - sulfides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50460830?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+%26+Sediment+Contamination&rft.atitle=Advances+in+biotreatment+of+acid+mine+drainage+and+biorecovery+of+metals&rft.au=Tabak%2C+Henry+H%3BGovind%2C+Rakesh%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tabak&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=674&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+%26+Sediment+Contamination&rft.issn=15497887&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/10588337.asp LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirteeth annual west coast conference on Contaminated soils, sediments and water N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - abandoned mines; acid mine drainage; Acidithiobacillus; Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans; Bacillus; bacteria; bioreactors; bioremediation; Bow Creek-Butte Site; Butte Montana; effluents; heavy metals; mines; Montana; oxidation; pollution; remediation; Silver Bow County Montana; soils; sulfate-reducing bacteria; sulfates; sulfides; Superfund sites; surface water; Thiobacillus; United States; waste water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of sulfate reduction rates in laboratory experiments AN - 50460631; 2009-074779 JF - Soil & Sediment Contamination AU - Zaluski, Marek H AU - Park, Brian T AU - Bless, Diana R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 678 EP - 679 PB - Taylor & Francis, Philadelphia, PA VL - 12 IS - 5 SN - 1549-7887, 1549-7887 KW - mines KW - experimental studies KW - degradation KW - acid mine drainage KW - sulfates KW - surface water KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - rates KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - laboratory studies KW - bacteria KW - bioreactors KW - sulfides KW - pH KW - abandoned mines KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50460631?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+%26+Sediment+Contamination&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+sulfate+reduction+rates+in+laboratory+experiments&rft.au=Zaluski%2C+Marek+H%3BPark%2C+Brian+T%3BBless%2C+Diana+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zaluski&rft.aufirst=Marek&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=678&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+%26+Sediment+Contamination&rft.issn=15497887&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/10588337.asp LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirteeth annual west coast conference on Contaminated soils, sediments and water N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - abandoned mines; acid mine drainage; aquifers; bacteria; bioreactors; degradation; experimental studies; ground water; laboratory studies; mines; pH; pollution; rates; solutes; sulfates; sulfides; surface water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - MTBE treatment data available on EPA's web site AN - 50458355; 2009-074841 JF - Soil & Sediment Contamination AU - Fiedler, Linda AU - Weisman, Richard AU - Weinstein, Kimberly AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 731 EP - 732 PB - Taylor & Francis, Philadelphia, PA VL - 12 IS - 5 SN - 1549-7887, 1549-7887 KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollutants KW - government agencies KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - information management KW - drinking water KW - World Wide Web KW - remediation KW - data management KW - ethers KW - organic compounds KW - methyl tert-butyl ether KW - water treatment KW - phytoremediation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50458355?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+%26+Sediment+Contamination&rft.atitle=MTBE+treatment+data+available+on+EPA%27s+web+site&rft.au=Fiedler%2C+Linda%3BWeisman%2C+Richard%3BWeinstein%2C+Kimberly%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fiedler&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=731&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+%26+Sediment+Contamination&rft.issn=15497887&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/10588337.asp LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirteeth annual west coast conference on Contaminated soils, sediments and water N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioremediation; concentration; contaminant plumes; data management; drinking water; ethers; government agencies; in situ; information management; leaking underground storage tanks; methyl tert-butyl ether; monitoring; organic compounds; phytoremediation; pollutants; pollution; remediation; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; water treatment; World Wide Web ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A toxicity identification evaluation of silty marine harbor sediments to characterize persistent and non-persistent constituents AN - 50445849; 2009-036930 AB - Sediment toxicity in silty marine harbor sediments is frequently dominated by ammonia or sulfide, leaving the adverse effects of persistent toxic substances unnoticed. To investigate the latter, we subjected interstitial water from three contaminated silty sediments to toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) phase I manipulations and tested for toxicity with four bioassays: the amphipod Corophium volutator (survival as an endpoint), the sea urchin Psammechinus miliaris (fertilization, embryo development) and the bacterium Vibrio fischeri (bioluminescence inhibition). The graduated pH manipulations identified the prominent toxicity of ammonia in the amphipod and sea urchin embryo tests, and also sulfide toxicity in the bacterium test. In two of the three samples tested with the amphipods, sea urchin embryos and bacteria, a small but significant reduction in interstitial water toxicity was achieved by removing persistent compounds through C (sub 18) solid phase extraction. EDTA chelation resulted in a slight detoxification of the interstitial water for the amphipods and sea urchin embryos, but this was not related to any measured trace metals. Despite the presence of toxic levels of ammonia and sulfide in the harbor sediments, we established the adverse biological effects of persistent constituents by means of the TIE manipulations and in vivo interstitial water bioassays. JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin AU - Stronkhorst, Joost AU - Schot, Marlies E AU - Dubbeldam, Marco C AU - Ho, Kay T Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 56 EP - 64 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 46 IS - 1 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - Corophium volutator KW - marine pollution KW - Europe KW - environmental effects KW - evaluation KW - Malacostraca KW - organization KW - marine sediments KW - Echinodermata KW - toxicity KW - Echinozoa KW - Ymuiden Netherlands KW - sediments KW - natural attenuation KW - Invertebrata KW - ecology KW - Netherlands KW - pH KW - Vibrio fischeri KW - ammonia compound KW - Western Europe KW - clastic sediments KW - Crustacea KW - harbors KW - pollution KW - bioassays KW - silt KW - Harlingen Netherlands KW - dredged materials KW - Arthropoda KW - Psammechinus miliaris KW - Amphipoda KW - metals KW - Mandibulata KW - identification KW - bacteria KW - Echinoidea KW - chelation KW - North Sea KW - North Atlantic KW - sulfides KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50445849?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.atitle=A+toxicity+identification+evaluation+of+silty+marine+harbor+sediments+to+characterize+persistent+and+non-persistent+constituents&rft.au=Stronkhorst%2C+Joost%3BSchot%2C+Marlies+E%3BDubbeldam%2C+Marco+C%3BHo%2C+Kay+T&rft.aulast=Stronkhorst&rft.aufirst=Joost&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=56&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0025326X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MPNBAZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ammonia compound; Amphipoda; Arthropoda; Atlantic Ocean; bacteria; bioassays; chelation; clastic sediments; Corophium volutator; Crustacea; dredged materials; Echinodermata; Echinoidea; Echinozoa; ecology; environmental effects; Europe; evaluation; harbors; Harlingen Netherlands; identification; Invertebrata; Malacostraca; Mandibulata; marine pollution; marine sediments; metals; natural attenuation; Netherlands; North Atlantic; North Sea; organization; pH; pollution; Psammechinus miliaris; sediments; silt; sulfides; toxicity; Vibrio fischeri; Western Europe; Ymuiden Netherlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fortran processing of fluorometric data logged by a Turner designs field fluorometer AN - 50409605; 2009-060894 AB - Continuous recording of dye fluorescence using field fluorometers at selected sampling sites facilitate acquisition of real-time dye-tracing data. The Turner Designs Model 10-AU-005 Field Fluorometer allows for frequent fluorescence readings, data logging, and easy downloading to a laptop computer. By necessity, the data are periodically broken up into blocks to facilitate downloading and minimize data loss. Unfortunately, the downloaded data does not appear in a readily usable form for discerning trends or for use in modeling packages. A new computer program, FLOWTHRU, bypasses block headers, reads the downloaded data, identifies the time-concentration units used, and relates the data to injection time. All preinjection time-concentration data are accorded background data status and are written to a background file with average temperature values included. All time values recorded after injection time are rewritten into decimal time using time units chosen by the user. FLOWTHRU also allows users to view the data converted to decimal time directly on the computer monitor without program interruption or to go directly to the data plotting routine. Data plotting is extremely rapid and clear with a smooth line connecting each data point. Each data plot may be saved as a file in a common format. JF - Geotechnical Special Publication AU - Field, Malcolm S A2 - Beck, Barry F. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 205 EP - 215 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, New York, NY VL - 122 SN - 0895-0563, 0895-0563 KW - hydrology KW - fluorimetry KW - computer programs KW - numerical analysis KW - computer languages KW - Fortran KW - data processing KW - algorithms KW - preferential flow KW - instruments KW - design KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50409605?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geotechnical+Special+Publication&rft.atitle=Fortran+processing+of+fluorometric+data+logged+by+a+Turner+designs+field+fluorometer&rft.au=Field%2C+Malcolm+S&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=Malcolm&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=0784406987&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geotechnical+Special+Publication&rft.issn=08950563&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 9th multidisciplinary conference on Sinkholes and the engineering and environmental impacts of karst N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; computer languages; computer programs; data processing; design; fluorimetry; Fortran; hydrology; instruments; numerical analysis; preferential flow ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fast-growing trees for heavy metal and chlorinated solvent phytoremediation AN - 50279499; 2006-050567 JF - International In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium AU - Rockwood, D L AU - Cardellino, R AU - Alker, G AU - Lin, C AU - Brown, N AU - Spriggs, T AU - Tsangaris, S AU - Isebrands, J AU - Hall, R AU - Lange, R AU - Nwokike, Barbara A2 - Magar, Victor S. A2 - Kelley, Mark E. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 EP - unpaginated PB - Battelle, [varies] VL - 7 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Spermatophyta KW - Rosidae KW - Populus KW - copper KW - toluene KW - Orlando Florida KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - Florida KW - Dicotyledoneae KW - remediation KW - Eucalyptus KW - bioaccumulation KW - solvents KW - EDTA KW - carboxylic acids KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - phytoremediation KW - heavy metals KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - Plantae KW - experimental studies KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - Saint Johns County Florida KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - soil pollution KW - Orange County Florida KW - metals KW - Saint Augustine Florida KW - hydrocarbons KW - trees KW - trichloroethylene KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Angiospermae KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50279499?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+In+Situ+and+On-Site+Bioremediation+Symposium&rft.atitle=Fast-growing+trees+for+heavy+metal+and+chlorinated+solvent+phytoremediation&rft.au=Rockwood%2C+D+L%3BCardellino%2C+R%3BAlker%2C+G%3BLin%2C+C%3BBrown%2C+N%3BSpriggs%2C+T%3BTsangaris%2C+S%3BIsebrands%2C+J%3BHall%2C+R%3BLange%2C+R%3BNwokike%2C+Barbara&rft.aulast=Rockwood&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574771396&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+In+Situ+and+On-Site+Bioremediation+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Seventh international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Date issued: 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06248 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Angiospermae; aromatic hydrocarbons; arsenic; bioaccumulation; bioremediation; carboxylic acids; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; copper; Dicotyledoneae; EDTA; Eucalyptus; experimental studies; Florida; halogenated hydrocarbons; heavy metals; hydrocarbons; metals; Orange County Florida; organic acids; organic compounds; Orlando Florida; phytoremediation; Plantae; pollution; Populus; remediation; Rosidae; Saint Augustine Florida; Saint Johns County Florida; soil pollution; solvents; Spermatophyta; tetrachloroethylene; toluene; toxic materials; trees; trichloroethylene; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Subtle but significant karst on the glaciated Bellevue-Castalia karst plain, Ohio, USA AN - 50151152; 2009-060884 AB - The Bellevue-Castalia Karst Plain in the North-Central United States (Ohio) is covered with sinkholes varying in diameter from several to 100's of meters. The sinkholes have very low relief, and are difficult to detect without high-resolution topographic data. This is due to both genetic factors and burial by glacial sediments. However, although subtle, these features have been significant routes for groundwater impact by agricultural, industrial, and municipal contaminants. A study to evaluate the origin and morphology of the sinkholes was undertaken as one of many steps by Ohio EPA to improve water quality. Considerable evidence suggests that some of the sinkholes are large collapse shafts that originate in evaporite beds greater than 100 m below land surface. JF - Geotechnical Special Publication AU - Sasowsky, Ira D AU - Dinsmore, Michael A AU - Salvati, Roberto AU - Bixby, Rebecca J AU - Raymond, Heather AU - Mazzeo, Peter A2 - Beck, Barry F. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 95 EP - 109 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, New York, NY VL - 122 SN - 0895-0563, 0895-0563 KW - United States KW - Bellevue-Castalia karst plain KW - water quality KW - geologic hazards KW - Paleozoic KW - caves KW - government agencies KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - karst KW - glacial features KW - drinking water KW - Silurian KW - caverns KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Devonian KW - sinkholes KW - Seneca County Ohio KW - Erie County Ohio KW - carbonate rocks KW - solution features KW - Sandusky County Ohio KW - Ohio KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50151152?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geotechnical+Special+Publication&rft.atitle=Subtle+but+significant+karst+on+the+glaciated+Bellevue-Castalia+karst+plain%2C+Ohio%2C+USA&rft.au=Sasowsky%2C+Ira+D%3BDinsmore%2C+Michael+A%3BSalvati%2C+Roberto%3BBixby%2C+Rebecca+J%3BRaymond%2C+Heather%3BMazzeo%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Sasowsky&rft.aufirst=Ira&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=0784406987&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geotechnical+Special+Publication&rft.issn=08950563&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 9th multidisciplinary conference on Sinkholes and the engineering and environmental impacts of karst N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bellevue-Castalia karst plain; carbonate rocks; caverns; caves; Devonian; drinking water; Erie County Ohio; geologic hazards; glacial features; government agencies; karst; Ohio; Paleozoic; Sandusky County Ohio; sedimentary rocks; Seneca County Ohio; Silurian; sinkholes; solution features; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; United States; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity assessment approach for evaluation of PAH contaminated sediments AN - 50096662; 2009-074893 JF - Soil & Sediment Contamination AU - Tabak, Henry H AU - Lazorchak, James M AU - Smith, Mark E AU - Ferretti, James A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 775 EP - 776 PB - Taylor & Francis, Philadelphia, PA VL - 12 IS - 5 SN - 1549-7887, 1549-7887 KW - United States KW - toxicity KW - New York-New Jersey Harbor KW - sediments KW - toxic materials KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - harbors KW - pollution KW - Hudson Bay KW - fresh-water environment KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - Canada KW - marine environment KW - slurries KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - New Jersey KW - North Atlantic KW - East River KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50096662?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+%26+Sediment+Contamination&rft.atitle=Toxicity+assessment+approach+for+evaluation+of+PAH+contaminated+sediments&rft.au=Tabak%2C+Henry+H%3BLazorchak%2C+James+M%3BSmith%2C+Mark+E%3BFerretti%2C+James+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tabak&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=775&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+%26+Sediment+Contamination&rft.issn=15497887&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/10588337.asp LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirteeth annual west coast conference on Contaminated soils, sediments and water N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; Atlantic Ocean; Canada; East River; fresh-water environment; harbors; Hudson Bay; hydrocarbons; marine environment; New Jersey; New York; New York-New Jersey Harbor; North Atlantic; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; risk assessment; sediments; slurries; surface water; toxic materials; toxicity; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evapotranspiration covers: An innovative approach to remediate and close contaminated sites AN - 28074866; 200405-36-0100 (CE); 05795072 (EN) AB - A new, cost-effective option for the remediation and final closure of contaminated landfill sites gaining interest among environmental professionals is the evapotranspiration (ET) cover. Unlike current covers that use hydraulic barriers to prevent water from reaching the waste, ET covers rely on the simple concept of using water balance components to meet this goal. Depending on site conditions and other factors, ET covers may be less costly to construct, while still offering performance equivalent to conventional covers. While ET covers are being proposed, tested, or installed at a number of contaminated sites, field performance data remain limited. To address the need for more information, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has been conducting several efforts to make available more information about this promising alternative solution. This article summarizes these efforts and provides information on the current status of using ET covers at contaminated sites. JF - Remediation (New York, N.Y.) AU - Madalinski, K L AU - Gratton, D N AU - Weisman, R J AD - Technology Innovation Program, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency PY - 2003 SP - 55 EP - 67 PB - JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC , JOURNALS, 111 River St , Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA, [mailto:uscs-wis@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com] VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Contamination KW - Evapotranspiration KW - Remediation KW - Hydraulics KW - Wastes KW - Landfills KW - Article KW - EE 60:Waste Management (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/28074866?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Evapotranspiration+covers%3A+An+innovative+approach+to+remediate+and+close+contaminated+sites&rft.au=Madalinski%2C+K+L%3BGratton%2C+D+N%3BWeisman%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Madalinski&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frem.10094 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rem.10094 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Technical assessment of fuel cell operation on anaerobic digester gas at the Yonkers, NY, wastewater treatment plant AN - 28037612; 200311-32-1474 (CE); 200311-61-9821 (MT); 05722384 (EN) AB - This paper summarizes the results of a 2-year field test to assess the performance of a specially modified commercial phosphoric acid 200-kW fuel cell power plant to recover energy from anaerobic digester gas (ADG) which has been cleansed of contaminants (sulfur and halide compounds) using a patented gas pretreatment unit (GPU). Specific project goals include characterization of the fuel cell power plant emissions and verification of the GPU performance for removing sulfur contaminants. To remove halide contaminants from the ADG, a halide guard, consisting of a vessel with a metal oxide supported on alumina, was incorporated into the fuel cell reactant supply. This first-of-a-kind demonstration was conducted at the Yonkers, NY, wastewater treatment plant, a sewage processing facility owned and operated by Westchester County. Results have demonstrated that the ADG fuel cell power plant can produce electrical output levels close to full power (200 kW) with negligible air emissions of CO, NO sub(x), and SO sub(2). The GPU removed virtually 100% of H sub(2)S and 88% of organic sulfur, bringing the overall sulfur removal efficiency of the GPU to over 99%. The halide guard removed up to 96% of the halides exiting the GPU. JF - Waste Management (Elmsford) AU - Spiegel, R J AU - Preston, J L AD - National Risk Management Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA spiegel.ronald@epa.gov PY - 2003 SP - 709 EP - 717 PB - Elsevier Science BV, P.O. Box 211, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands, [mailto:w.tukker@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.com] VL - 23 IS - 8 SN - 0956-053X, 0956-053X KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Mechanical & Transportation Engineering (MT); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Power plants KW - Fuel cells KW - Halides KW - Sulfur KW - Contaminants KW - Digesters KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Emission KW - Anaerobic treatment KW - Efficiency KW - Waste management KW - Energy management KW - Phosphoric acid KW - Sewage KW - Aluminum oxide KW - Cleaning KW - Oxides KW - Energy use KW - Vessels KW - Article KW - EE 50:Water & Wastewater Treatment (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/28037612?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waste+Management+%28Elmsford%29&rft.atitle=Technical+assessment+of+fuel+cell+operation+on+anaerobic+digester+gas+at+the+Yonkers%2C+NY%2C+wastewater+treatment+plant&rft.au=Spiegel%2C+R+J%3BPreston%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Spiegel&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=709&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Waste+Management+%28Elmsford%29&rft.issn=0956053X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0956-053X%2802%2900165-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0956-053X(02)00165-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of ASTM D6589 to evaluate dispersion model performance. AN - 27932591; 200410-31-05479 (CE); 05967590 (EN) AB - During the development phase of an air quality dispersion model and in subsequent upgrades, model performance is constantly evaluated. These evaluations generally compare simulation results using simple methods that do not account for the fact that models only predict a portion of the variability seen in the observations. To fill a part of this void, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) developed a standard that has been adopted by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), designation D6589 Standard Guide for the Statistical Evaluation of Atmospheric Dispersion Model Performance. Within the annex to this standard is an 'example' test method that tests the ability of dispersion models to simulate the average centreline concentration. The method involves grouping observed data into groups or regimes, in which the dispersion is expected to be somewhat similar. The average centreline concentration is then derived for each group using bootstrap resampling. It is this average centreline concentration that is then compared with the modelling results. By this means, the focus is on testing the ability of models to replicate the first moment (the average) of the centreline concentration distribution, which for most operational models is the only feature in the centreline concentration distribution they are capable of simulating. This paper will focus on recent work to further test the ASTM 'example' test method. This work involved the application of the test method to the results from ADMS (version 3.1), AERMOD (versions 98022 and 02161), HPDM (version 4.3, level 920605) and ISCST3 (version 00101). Three atmospheric dispersion field studies are analysed - Prairie Grass (in 1956, rural, low level release), Kincaid (1980, rural, elevated release) and Indianapolis (1985, urban, elevated release). JF - Int. J. Environ. Pollut. AU - Irwin, J S AU - Carruthers, D AU - Stocker, J AU - Paumier, J AD - NOAA, Atmospheric Science Modelling Division, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards (Mail Code D243-01), US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA john.irwin@noaa.gov PY - 2003 SP - 4 EP - 10 PB - Inderscience Enterprises Ltd , World Trade Center Bldg , 29 Rout de Pre-Bois, Case Postale 896, Geneve 15, CH-1215, Switzerland, [mailto:dorgham@pop3.powernet.co.uk], [URL:http://www.inderscience.com] VL - 20 IS - 1-6 SN - 0957-4352, 0957-4352 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Dispersions KW - Atmospherics KW - Air quality KW - Environment KW - Article KW - EE 20:Air Pollution: Monitoring, Control & Remediation (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/27932591?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Int.+J.+Environ.+Pollut.&rft.atitle=Application+of+ASTM+D6589+to+evaluate+dispersion+model+performance.&rft.au=Irwin%2C+J+S%3BCarruthers%2C+D%3BStocker%2C+J%3BPaumier%2C+J&rft.aulast=Irwin&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=1-6&rft.spage=4&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Int.+J.+Environ.+Pollut.&rft.issn=09574352&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - Document feature - Numerical Data N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Particle-associated microorganisms in stormwater runoff AN - 27915918; 200306-33-0102 (CE); 05531815 (EN) AB - This research investigated the effects of blending and chemical addition before analysis of the concentration of microorganisms in stormwater runoff from a single summer storm to determine whether clumped or particle-associated organisms play a significant role. The standard membrane filtration method was used to enumerate the microorganisms. All organisms, except for Escherichia coli, showed an increase in the measured concentration after blending samples at 22,000 rpm with or without the chemical mixture. Other than fecal streptococci, the organism concentrations decreased with the addition of the Camper's solution in both blended and unblended samples before analyses. There was a statistically significant interaction between the effects of Camper's solution and the effects of blending for all the organisms tested, except for total coliform. Blending did not alter the mean particle size significantly. The results show no correlation between increased total coliform, fecal coliform, and fecal streptococcus concentrations and the mean particle size. JF - Water Research (Oxford) AU - Borst, M AU - Selvakumar, A AD - Urban Watershed Management Branch, United States Environmental Protection Agency (MS-104), Edison, NJ 08837, USA PY - 2003 SP - 215 EP - 223 PB - Elsevier Science BV, P.O. Box 211, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands, [mailto:w.tukker@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.com] VL - 37 IS - 1 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Publisher ID: S0043-1354(02)00244-0 KW - Blending KW - Microorganisms KW - Samples (statistical) KW - Stormwater KW - Runoff KW - Particle size KW - Filtration KW - Correlation KW - Membranes KW - Article KW - EE 50:Water & Wastewater Treatment (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/27915918?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Particle-associated+microorganisms+in+stormwater+runoff&rft.au=Borst%2C+M%3BSelvakumar%2C+A&rft.aulast=Borst&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparative analysis: storm water pollution policy in California, USA and Victoria, Australia AN - 21261893; 11660581 AB - Urban drainage systems historically were developed on principles of hydraulic capacity for the transport of storm water to reduce the risk of flooding. However, with urbanization the percent of impervious surfaces increases dramatically resulting in increased flood volumes, peak discharge rates, velocities and duration, and a significant increase in pollutant loads. Storm water and urban runoff are the leading causes of the impairment of receiving waters and their beneficial uses in Australia and the United States today. Strict environmental and technology controls on wastewater treatment facilities and industry for more than three decades have ensured that these sources are less significant today as the cause of impairment of receiving waters. This paper compares the approach undertaken by the Environmental Protection Authority Victoria for the Melbourne metropolitan area with the approach implemented by the California Environmental Protection Agency for the Los Angeles area to control storm water pollution. Both these communities are largely similar in population size and the extent of urbanization. The authors present an analysis of the different approaches contrasting Australia with the USA, comment on their comparative success, and discuss the relevance of the two experiences for developed and developing nations in the context of environmental policy making to control storm water and urban runoff pollution. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Swamikannu, X AU - Radulescu, D AU - Young, R AU - Allison, R AD - California Environmental Protection Agency, Regional Water Quality Control Board - Los Angeles, 320 W. 4th Street, Suite 200, Los Angeles, CA 90013, USA ( Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 311 EP - 317 PB - IWA Publishing VL - 47 IS - 7-8 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Beneficial Use KW - Storm Water KW - Australia KW - water pollution KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21261893?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=A+comparative+analysis%3A+storm+water+pollution+policy+in+California%2C+USA+and+Victoria%2C+Australia&rft.au=Swamikannu%2C+X%3BRadulescu%2C+D%3BYoung%2C+R%3BAllison%2C+R&rft.aulast=Swamikannu&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=7-8&rft.spage=311&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water pollution; Storm Water; Australia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular characterization of bacteria inhabiting a water distribution system simulator AN - 21196215; 11660494 AB - The objective of this study was to monitor the impact of chlorination and chloramination treatments on heterotrophic bacteria (HB) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) inhabiting a water distribution system simulator. HB densities decreased while AOB densities increased when chloramine was added. AOB densities decreased below detection limits after the disinfection treatment was switched back to chlorination. The presence of AOB was confirmed using a group-specific 16S rDNA-PCR method. 16S rDNA sequence analysis showed that most bacterial isolates from feed water, discharge water, and biofilm samples were -Proteobacteria or -Proteobacteria. The latter bacterial groups were also numerically dominant among the sequences recovered from water and biofilm 16S rDNA clone libraries. The relative frequency of each culturable bacterial group was different for each sample examined. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of total community 16S rDNA genes showed notable differences between the microbial community structure of biofilm samples and feed water. The results of this study suggest that disinfection treatments could influence the type of bacterial community inhabiting water distribution systems. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Domingo, J W Santo AU - Meckes, M C AU - Simpson, J M AU - Sloss, B AU - Reasoner, D J AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45230, USA Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 149 EP - 154 PB - IWA Publishing VL - 47 IS - 5 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Bacteria KW - Biofilms KW - rRNA 16S KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21196215?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Molecular+characterization+of+bacteria+inhabiting+a+water+distribution+system+simulator&rft.au=Domingo%2C+J+W+Santo%3BMeckes%2C+M+C%3BSimpson%2C+J+M%3BSloss%2C+B%3BReasoner%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Domingo&rft.aufirst=J+W&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - rRNA 16S; Biofilms ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reverse osmosis desalination of QNI Yabulu Nickel Refinery wastewater for reuse AN - 20966443; 11048919 AB - Queensland Nickel Pty Limited commissioned a water recycling facility incorporating micro-filtration and reverse osmosis to treat wastewater from its Yabulu Nickel Refinery in North Queensland. Used process waters are brackish and unsuitable for reuse in the refinery. They have traditionally been stored in tailings ponds for evaporation, or discharged to sea under environmental authority. The development has demonstrated the potential for large-scale industrial desalination plants by recycling wastewater for reuse in the plant. By recycling this 12 ML/day waste stream, the refinery's new water input has been reduced by 40%. The utilisation of electro-magnetic anti-scaling technology in the reverse osmosis system is also discussed. No anti-scalant chemicals are used in the process. JF - Water Science & Technology: Water Supply AU - Milsom, J AU - Palmer, N AU - Smallwood, M AD - *Queensland Nickel Pty Ltd, Private Mail Bag 5, Townsville Mail Centre, Australia 4818 (E-mail: jmilsom[at]qni.com.au)**United Utilities Australia, 115 Grenfell Street, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia (E-mail: npalmer[at]uua.com.au)***Queensland Environmental Protection Agency, Marlow St, Townsville Qld, Australia (E-mail: michelle.smallwood[at]env.qld.gov.au) Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 125 EP - 131 VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 1606-9749, 1606-9749 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Water Reuse KW - Reverse osmosis KW - Evaporation KW - Desalination plants KW - Nickel KW - Refineries KW - Recycling KW - Streams KW - Ponds KW - Waste management KW - Process Water KW - ISEW, Australia, Queensland KW - Reverse Osmosis KW - Impaired Water Use KW - Mine Wastes KW - Wastewater KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20966443?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology%3A+Water+Supply&rft.atitle=Reverse+osmosis+desalination+of+QNI+Yabulu+Nickel+Refinery+wastewater+for+reuse&rft.au=Milsom%2C+J%3BPalmer%2C+N%3BSmallwood%2C+M&rft.aulast=Milsom&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology%3A+Water+Supply&rft.issn=16069749&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; Reverse osmosis; Desalination plants; Nickel; Refineries; Recycling; Ponds; Wastewater; Waste management; Process Water; Impaired Water Use; Water Reuse; Evaporation; Mine Wastes; Reverse Osmosis; Streams; ISEW, Australia, Queensland ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reuse of an aerobically treated wastewater effluent for the removal of SO2 in the flue gas AN - 20958461; 11048916 AB - Aerobically treated wastewater effluent (ATWE), intrinsically having high alkalinity, was used to remove sulfur dioxide (SO2) in the flue gas of a coal power plant. Experimental results conducted in a four sieve-tray tower showed that ATWE absorbed SO2 in flue gas effectively. At a gas:liquid (G:L) ratio of 110:1, the respective SO2 removal efficiencies were 99% and 95% for flue gases containing 1,600 and 5,000 Mg/kL of SO2. When the G:L ratio increased to 220:1, the removal efficiency was slightly lowered to 93% for the flue gas containing 1,600 Mg/kL of SO2. ATWE had higher buffer capacity and SO2 removal efficiencies as compared to seawater, a common SO2 scrubbing medium serving as control. In addition, the equilibrium equation between SO2 partial pressure and concentration of bisulfite (HSO3-) in ATWE and the kinetic equation describing the rate of SO2 absorption in the sieve-tray tower by ATWE were established. The absorbing coefficients in the kinetic equation were determined to be 1.96 0.37 mol/(m2asabar) for gas phase and 0.00184 0.00049 m/s for liquid film. The enhancement factor of the absorbing coefficient in liquid film was 14.28 1.79, resulting in 93% of the decrease of liquid film resistance. The SO2 absorption rate in the sieve-tray tower was mainly affected by the gas film resistance, representing 96% of the total resistance. Experimental results of this study confirmed that the removal of SO2 from the flue gas of coal power plants by ATWE was cost-effective. This process does not require the addition of any chemicals and produces no secondary pollution. JF - Water Science & Technology: Water Supply AU - Liu, Y AU - Ma, L M AU - Fang, H H P AU - Gao, T Y AU - Xu, Z X AU - Wang, Y C AU - Jing, Z G AD - *Centre for Environmental Engineering Research, Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China (E-mail: liuya99[at]yahoo.com)**The National Engineering Research Center for Urban Pollution Control, Tongji University, 588 Minyun Road, Shanghai 200092, China***Centre for Environmental Engineering Research, Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China****The National Engineering Research Center for Urban Pollution Control, Tongji University, 588 Minyun Road, Shanghai 200092, China*****Shanghai Environmental Protection Agency, 1038 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200050, China******Resource and Environmental College, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, China*******Shanghai Petrochemical Complex, Shanghai, China Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 101 EP - 107 VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 1606-9749, 1606-9749 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Seawater KW - Coal KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Water supplies KW - Powerplants KW - Efficiency KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Resistance KW - Alkalinity KW - Economics KW - Power plants KW - Absorption KW - Films KW - Flue gas KW - Effluents KW - Gases KW - Kinetics KW - Wastewater KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20958461?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology%3A+Water+Supply&rft.atitle=Reuse+of+an+aerobically+treated+wastewater+effluent+for+the+removal+of+SO2+in+the+flue+gas&rft.au=Liu%2C+Y%3BMa%2C+L+M%3BFang%2C+H+H+P%3BGao%2C+T+Y%3BXu%2C+Z+X%3BWang%2C+Y+C%3BJing%2C+Z+G&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology%3A+Water+Supply&rft.issn=16069749&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; Seawater; Flue gas; Coal; Effluents; Water supplies; Wastewater treatment; Efficiency; Gases; Sulfur dioxide; Kinetics; Alkalinity; Economics; Absorption; Power plants; Powerplants; Resistance; Wastewater; Films ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Two Dynamic Morphotypes of Sarcoma Cells, Asymmetric Stellate and Triangle with Leading Lamella, Are Related to Malignancy AN - 20464003; 7829513 AB - A notion of the dynamic morphotype was developed as a conjunction between cell shape and migration. This enabled the investigation of the relationship between malignancy and patterns of dynamic morphology in neoplastic cells in vitro. Time? lapse cinemicroscopy was used to analyse the cell behaviour of three rat neoplastic cell lines (K2, T15, and A8), differing in metastatic potential, that were instrumental in revealing a coincidence between high migratory activity and appearance of the 3D structure of actin cables in high-malignant A8 cells (Pokorna et al., 1994). A set of criteria was established for visual classification of cell morphology. Matching the pattern of cell morphology with locomotory activity led to identification of four dynamic morphotypes. Cell speed was determined by tracking and the dynamic morphotypes assigned by the operator. All the three cell populations were studied for incidence of the dynamic morphotypes in culture media differing in pH: 6.6 simulating acid extracellular condition in tumours, physiological 7.4, and alkaline 8.2. The results showed that acid pH stimulated motile activity in the intermediate-malignant T15 and most malignant A8 cells. The T15 and A8 cells also manifested a prolonged continuation of fast locomotion in the early Gl phase and displayed a prevalence of two fast moving dynamic morphotypes: asymmetric stellate and triangle with leading lamella. JF - Folia Biologica (Prague) AU - Pokorna, E AU - Zicha, D AU - Chaloupkova, A AU - Matouskova, E AU - Vesely, P AD - Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 37, Prague 6, Czech Republic, epa@img.cas.cz Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 33 EP - 39 VL - 49 IS - 1 SN - 0015-5500, 0015-5500 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Population studies KW - Tumors KW - Metastases KW - Malignancy KW - Locomotion KW - Cell size KW - Sarcoma KW - Cytology KW - Actin KW - Cell migration KW - pH effects KW - Media (culture) KW - W 30905:Medical Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20464003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Folia+Biologica+%28Prague%29&rft.atitle=Two+Dynamic+Morphotypes+of+Sarcoma+Cells%2C+Asymmetric+Stellate+and+Triangle+with+Leading+Lamella%2C+Are+Related+to+Malignancy&rft.au=Pokorna%2C+E%3BZicha%2C+D%3BChaloupkova%2C+A%3BMatouskova%2C+E%3BVesely%2C+P&rft.aulast=Pokorna&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Folia+Biologica+%28Prague%29&rft.issn=00155500&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metastases; Malignancy; Locomotion; Cell size; Sarcoma; Population studies; Cytology; Actin; Tumors; Cell migration; pH effects; Media (culture) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Method To Detect Viable Helicobacter pylori Bacteria in Groundwater TT - Methode zum Nachweis lebensfaehiger Helicobacter pylori in Grundwasser AN - 20192643; 5674867 AB - The inability to detect the presence of viable Helicobacter pylori bacteria in environmental waters has hindered the public health community in assessing the role water may play in the transmission of this pathogen. This work describes a cultural enrichment method coupled with an H. pylori- specific PCR to identify these bacteria in water. While far from perfected at the present time, this represents an exciting new approach to studying the significance of water as a transmission mechanism for H. pylori. Evidence is presented that indicates culturable H. pylori bacteria were found using this enrichment/PCR method in a local groundwater source.Original Abstract: da man bisher nicht in der Lage war, die Anwesenheit lebensfaehiger Helicobacter pylori-Bakterien in Proben aus der aquatischen Umwelt nachzuweisen, konnte die Rolle des Wassers bei der Uebertragung dieses Krankheitserregers nicht eingeschaetzt werden. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird eine Methode zur Anreicherungskultivierung mit anschliessender Identifizierung mittels H. pylori-spezifischer PCR (Polymerase-Kettenreaktion) beschrieben. Obwohl die Methode zum jetzigen Zeitpunkt noch nicht ausgereift ist, eroeffnet sie doch vielversprechende Moeglichkeiten, die Bedeutung des Wassers als Uebertragungspfad fuer H. pylori zu bewerten. So fanden sich Hinweise auf kultivierbare H. pylori-Bakterien in einer oertlichen Grundwasserprobe. JF - Acta Hydrochimica et Hydrobiologica AU - Flanigan, D AU - Rodgers, M AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, US EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA, rodgers.mark@epa.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 45 EP - 48 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK, [mailto:customer@wiley.co.uk], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 31 IS - 1 SN - 0323-4320, 0323-4320 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Analytical Methods KW - Pollutant Identification KW - Helicobacter pylori KW - Ground water KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Groundwater KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - A 01300:Methods KW - J 02300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20192643?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+Hydrochimica+et+Hydrobiologica&rft.atitle=A+Method+To+Detect+Viable+Helicobacter+pylori+Bacteria+in+Groundwater&rft.au=Flanigan%2C+D%3BRodgers%2C+M&rft.aulast=Flanigan&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Acta+Hydrochimica+et+Hydrobiologica&rft.issn=03234320&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Faheh.200390015 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ground water; Groundwater; Groundwater Pollution; Pollutant Identification; Helicobacter pylori DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aheh.200390015 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measuring the bioavailable/toxic concentration of copper in natural water by using anodic stripping voltammetry and Vibrio-qinghaiensis sp.Nov.-Q67 bioassay AN - 19937469; 5710756 AB - Bioassays were carried out in the culture media for Vibrio-qinghaiensis sp.Nov.-Q67 and the influences of alkalinity and different concentrations of chloride, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and natural derived fulvic acid (FA) on the labile concentration and toxicity of Cu were investigated. The labile concentration of Cu was obtained by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry with a double acidification method (DAM-DPASV). Changes in water alkalinity and chloride concentrations did not affect the labile concentration of Cu, but increases of alkalinity and concentrations of chloride reduced the toxicity on Q67. In the presence of EDTA and FA, both labile concentration of Cu and toxicity were reduced. By excluding Cu-carbonate complexes and Cu-chloride from labile concentration, a bioavailable concentration of Cu (or [Cu*]) was obtained and used to predict the acute toxicity of Cu on Q67. For natural waters, the labile concentration of Cu was measured by DAM-DPASV and [Cu*] was calculated by a MINTEQ A2 software based on composition of waters. This procedure was tested for Guanting Reservoir waters by spiking different concentration Cu. The results showed that [Cu*] was a good indicator for Cu toxicity and could be used in field conditions. JF - Chemical Speciation and Bioavailability AU - Huang, Shengbiao AU - Wang, Zijian AU - Ma, Mei AD - State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and National Environmental Protection Agency, Beijing, 100085, China, wangzj@mail.rcees.ac.cn Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 37 EP - 45 VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 0954-2299, 0954-2299 KW - ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid KW - fulvic acids KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Speciation KW - Chlorides KW - Chloride KW - Copper KW - Acute toxicity KW - Water analysis KW - Bioassay KW - Computer programs KW - Bioavailability KW - software KW - Chemical speciation KW - Alkalinity KW - Culture Media KW - Vibrio qinghaiensis KW - Acidification KW - Voltammetry KW - Media (culture) KW - China, People's Rep., Beijing, Guanting Reservoir KW - Toxicity KW - Firing pattern KW - Natural Waters KW - Bioassays KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Ethylene KW - Sampling methods KW - Edetic acid KW - A 01113:General KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - X 24360:Metals KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19937469?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Speciation+and+Bioavailability&rft.atitle=Measuring+the+bioavailable%2Ftoxic+concentration+of+copper+in+natural+water+by+using+anodic+stripping+voltammetry+and+Vibrio-qinghaiensis+sp.Nov.-Q67+bioassay&rft.au=Huang%2C+Shengbiao%3BWang%2C+Zijian%3BMa%2C+Mei&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=Shengbiao&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Speciation+and+Bioavailability&rft.issn=09542299&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chloride; Acute toxicity; Copper; Toxicity; Water analysis; Firing pattern; Bioavailability; Computer programs; software; Bioassays; Alkalinity; Chemical speciation; Ethylene; Acidification; fulvic acids; Media (culture); Edetic acid; Chlorides; Voltammetry; Sampling methods; Natural Waters; Speciation; Water Pollution Effects; Culture Media; Bioassay; Vibrio qinghaiensis; China, People's Rep., Beijing, Guanting Reservoir ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uptake and Metabolism of All-trans Retinoic Acid by Three Native North American Ranids AN - 19698519; 5674669 AB - Retinoids, which are Vitamin A derivatives, are important signaling molecules that regulate processes critical for development in all vertebrates. The objective of our study was to examine uptake and metabolism of the model retinoid, all-trans retinoic acid (all-trans RA), by three native North American anurans, Rana sylvatica, R. pipiens, and R. clamitans. Limb-bud stage tadpoles (stages 26-28) were exposed to all-trans RA concentrations of 0, 250, 500, 750, 1000, and 1250 ng/ml for 24 h. Water and tissue samples, collected at 0, 4, 12, and 24 h, were analyzed by high pressure liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) to characterize aqueous exposure and all-trans RA uptake and metabolism. All-trans RA degraded rapidly in exposure water (i.e., with organisms), with over 70% of the parent compound gone in 4 h and none detected by 24 h. Consistent with this result, tadpoles from the three species showed the greatest accumulation of all-trans RA at 4 h followed by decreasing tissue concentrations at 12 and 24 h. In addition to all-trans RA, several other chromatographic peaks were observed in the tissue extracts indicating metabolism of the retinoid by the tadpoles. Identification of potential metabolites of all-trans RA and endogenous retinoids was conducted by comparing retention times and absorption spectra of available standards (i.e., 4-oxo-all-trans RA, 4-oxo-13- cis RA, 13-cis RA, 9-cis RA, all-trans retinol, all-trans retinal) to those in the tissue extracts. In all three species, all-trans RA was metabolized to 4- oxo-all trans RA and 13-cis RA. The RA isomer, 9-cis RA, was detected in two species, R. sylvatica and R. pipiens. All three species also had measurable levels of vitamin A (all-trans retinol), while the aldehyde form (all-trans retinal) was detected only in R. clamitans. Our results indicate that all-trans RA is rapidly metabolized by these Ranid species to a variety of retinoid derivatives, several of which are known ligands for RA and retinoid receptors, and are capable of activating this signaling transduction pathway. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Kosian, P A AU - Makynen, E A AU - Ankley, G T AU - Degitz, S J AD - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Boulevard, Duluth, Minnesota 55804 Y1 - 2003///0, PY - 2003 DA - 0, 2003 SP - 147 EP - 156 PB - Oxford University Press VL - 74 IS - 1 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - Green frog KW - Northern leopard frog KW - Ranids KW - Riparian frogs KW - True frogs KW - Wood frog KW - uptake KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Rana pipiens KW - Amphibiotic species KW - Chromatographic techniques KW - Metabolites KW - Development KW - Freshwater KW - North America KW - Juveniles KW - Biological development KW - Rana clamitans KW - Retinoic acid KW - Retinas KW - Developmental stages KW - Animal physiology KW - Rana sylvatica KW - Vitamin A KW - Ranidae KW - Uptake KW - Ligands KW - Transduction KW - Metabolism KW - Q1 08326:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - X 24115:Pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19698519?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Uptake+and+Metabolism+of+All-trans+Retinoic+Acid+by+Three+Native+North+American+Ranids&rft.au=Kosian%2C+P+A%3BMakynen%2C+E+A%3BAnkley%2C+G+T%3BDegitz%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Kosian&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Juveniles; Biological development; Amphibiotic species; Chromatographic techniques; Retinas; Developmental stages; Animal physiology; Metabolites; Vitamin A; Uptake; Metabolism; Transduction; Ligands; Retinoic acid; Development; Rana pipiens; Rana clamitans; Rana sylvatica; Ranidae; North America; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparing the Effects of Stage and Duration of Retinoic Acid Exposure on Amphibian Limb Development: Chronic Exposure Results in Mortality, Not Limb Malformations AN - 19697023; 5674668 AB - Recently, high frequencies of malformations have been reported in amphibians across the United States. It has been suggested that the malformations may be the result of xenobiotic disruption of retinoid signaling pathways during embryogenesis and tadpole development. Therefore, a series of experiments were undertaken to examine life-stage specific effects of continuous retinoid exposure on Xenopus laevis. Continuous all-trans retinoic acid (RA) concentrations were delivered using a column saturator and a flow-through diluter system. Stage 8 embryos were exposed to RA concentrations ranging from 0.013 to 2 mu g/l. At the onset of hindlimb bud emergence (NF stage 48), a subset of tadpoles was moved to clean water, and remaining organisms were exposed continuously through metamorphosis. In addition, early limb-bud-stage tadpoles were exposed for 1 week, 2 weeks, or until tail resorption was complete, to eight concentrations of RA in the range of 0.031-3 mu g/l. RA exposure resulted in a concentration-dependent increase in mortality and dysmorphogenesis in embryos at concentrations of 0.24 mu g/l and above. However, this early embryonic exposure did not result in hindlimb abnormalities in surviving tadpoles allowed to mature in clean water. RA did not induce limb malformations in any surviving tadpole exposed during larval stages. We are confident that the concentrations used were high enough, given that the highest concentration used resulted in 100% mortality within 2 weeks of initiating the exposure. This result suggests that other aspects of growth and development, which are not externally obvious, are more sensitive to retinoids than skeletal development. From these experiments and our previous work, we conclude that it is unlikely that retinoid mimics would produce the spectrum of limb malformations which recently have been observed in amphibians collected from the field. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Degitz, S J AU - Holcombe, G W AU - Kosian, P A AU - Tietge, JE AU - Durhan, E J AU - Ankley, G T AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Boulevard, Duluth, Minnesota 55804 Y1 - 2003///0, PY - 2003 DA - 0, 2003 SP - 139 EP - 146 PB - Oxford University Press VL - 74 IS - 1 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - African clawed frog KW - development KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Amphibiotic species KW - Life cycle KW - Freshwater KW - Growth KW - Juveniles KW - Mortality KW - Biological development KW - Animal appendages KW - Retinoic acid KW - Embryonic development KW - Developmental stages KW - Toxicity KW - Xenopus laevis KW - USA KW - Limbs KW - Teratogenicity KW - Abnormalities KW - Mortality causes KW - X 24115:Pathology KW - Q1 08324:Reproduction and development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19697023?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Comparing+the+Effects+of+Stage+and+Duration+of+Retinoic+Acid+Exposure+on+Amphibian+Limb+Development%3A+Chronic+Exposure+Results+in+Mortality%2C+Not+Limb+Malformations&rft.au=Degitz%2C+S+J%3BHolcombe%2C+G+W%3BKosian%2C+P+A%3BTietge%2C+JE%3BDurhan%2C+E+J%3BAnkley%2C+G+T&rft.aulast=Degitz&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Juveniles; Animal appendages; Biological development; Amphibiotic species; Embryonic development; Developmental stages; Life cycle; Toxicity; Growth; Limbs; Mortality causes; Abnormalities; Retinoic acid; Teratogenicity; Xenopus laevis; USA; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Framework for the Integration of Health and Ecological Risk Assessment AN - 19609741; 7322553 AB - The World Health Organizations International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency have developed a collaborative partnership to foster integration of assessment approaches for human health and ecological risks. This paper presents the framework developed by that group. Integration provides coherent expressions of assessment results, incorporates the interdependence of humans and the environment, uses sentinel organisms, and improves the efficiency and quality of assessments relative to independent human health and ecological risk assessments. The paper describes how integration can occur within each component of risk assessment, and communicates the benefits of integration at each point. The goal of this effort is to promote the use of this internationally accepted guidance as a basis for harmonization of risk assessment. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Suter II, GW AU - Vermeire, T AU - Munns, W R AU - Sekizawa, J AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 W. Martin L. King Drive, MS-117, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - Jan 2003 SP - 281 EP - 301 PB - CRC Press LLC, 2000 Corporate Blvd., NW Boca Raton FL 33431 USA, [mailto:journals@crcpress.com], [URL:http://www.crcpress.com] VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - risk assessment KW - integration KW - guidance KW - ecological risk KW - health risk KW - Risk assessment KW - Ecology KW - EPA KW - USA KW - Economics KW - OECD KW - Public health KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19609741?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Framework+for+the+Integration+of+Health+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.au=Suter+II%2C+GW%3BVermeire%2C+T%3BMunns%2C+W+R%3BSekizawa%2C+J&rft.aulast=Suter+II&rft.aufirst=GW&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=281&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F1080703031877203 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ecology; Risk assessment; EPA; Economics; Public health; USA; OECD DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1080703031877203 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated Risk Assessment - Results from an International Workshop AN - 19609360; 7322558 AB - The World Health Organizations International Programme on Chemical Safety and international partners have developed a framework for integrated assessment of human health and ecological risks and four case studies. An international workshop was convened to consider how ecological and health risk assessments might be integrated, the benefits of and obstacles to integration, and the research and mechanisms needed to facilitate implementation of integrated risk assessment. Using the case studies, workshop participants identified a number of opportunities to integrate the assessment process. Improved assessment quality, efficiency, and predictive capability were considered to be principal benefits of integration. Obstacles to acceptance and implementation of integrated risk assessment included the disciplinary and organizational barriers between ecological and health disciplines. A variety of mechanisms were offered to overcome these obstacles. Research recommendations included harmonization of exposure characterization and surveillance methods and models, development of common risk endpoints across taxa, improved understanding of mechanisms of effect at multiple scales of biological organization, and development of methods to facilitate comparison of risks among endpoints. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Munns, W R AU - Suter II, GW AU - Damstra, T AU - Kroes, R AU - Reiter, L W AU - Marafante, E AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA. Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - Jan 2003 SP - 379 EP - 386 PB - CRC Press LLC, 2000 Corporate Blvd., NW Boca Raton FL 33431 USA, [mailto:journals@crcpress.com], [URL:http://www.crcpress.com] VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - Risk Abstracts KW - human health risk assessment KW - ecological risk assessment KW - integrated risk assessment KW - Ecology KW - case studies KW - taxa KW - Public health KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19609360?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Integrated+Risk+Assessment+-+Results+from+an+International+Workshop&rft.au=Munns%2C+W+R%3BSuter+II%2C+GW%3BDamstra%2C+T%3BKroes%2C+R%3BReiter%2C+L+W%3BMarafante%2C+E&rft.aulast=Munns&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=379&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F1080703031877249 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - case studies; Ecology; taxa; Public health DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1080703031877249 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: A Case Study of Ultraviolet Radiation Effects on Amphibians, Coral, Humans, and Oceanic Primary Productivity AN - 19608065; 7322557 AB - Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is a naturally occurring stressor to most forms of life. The sole relevant source of this stressor is the sun. The Earths stratospheric ozone layer reduces the amount of UVR that reaches the Earths surface. The potential for continued depletion of this ozone layer and environmental changes that increase the penetrance of aquatic habitat, both due to human activities, and the subsequent increase in UVR are global environmental concerns for both humans and ecosystems. An integrated risk assessment provides efficiency in data gathering, analysis and reporting by enabling risk assessors to use the combined knowledge from many disciplines to evaluate overall risk. This report describes the steps and example information that could be used for an integrated risk assessment but is not an actual risk assessment with all its associated calculations and conclusions. It is intended to illustrate the advantages of the integrated risk assessment approach for evaluating adverse effects of a nonchemical stressor. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Hansen, L AU - Hedtke, S F AU - Munns, W R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Gulf Ecology Division, One Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA. Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 359 EP - 377 PB - CRC Press LLC, 2000 Corporate Blvd., NW Boca Raton FL 33431 USA, [mailto:journals@crcpress.com] VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Toxicology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - ultraviolet radiation KW - integrated risk assessment KW - amphibians KW - coral KW - humans KW - oceanic primary productivity KW - Risk assessment KW - Ecosystems KW - Amphibiotic species KW - Climatic changes KW - environmental perception KW - Primary production KW - U.V. radiation KW - Sun KW - Ultraviolet radiation KW - Corals KW - Ozone KW - Marine KW - Data processing KW - Habitat KW - Stratosphere KW - Ozone layer KW - Light effects KW - case studies KW - Coral reefs KW - Environmental changes KW - environmental changes KW - Side effects KW - X 24390:Radioactive Materials KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - R2 23050:Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19608065?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Integrated+Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment%3A+A+Case+Study+of+Ultraviolet+Radiation+Effects+on+Amphibians%2C+Coral%2C+Humans%2C+and+Oceanic+Primary+Productivity&rft.au=Hansen%2C+L%3BHedtke%2C+S+F%3BMunns%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=Hansen&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=359&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F1080703031877113 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Amphibiotic species; Coral reefs; Climatic changes; Ultraviolet radiation; Habitat; Primary production; Ozone; Light effects; Risk assessment; Data processing; U.V. radiation; Environmental changes; Sun; Corals; Side effects; case studies; Ecosystems; environmental changes; environmental perception; Stratosphere; amphibians; Ozone layer; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1080703031877113 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Minimizing Cognitive Errors in Site-Specific Causal Assessments AN - 19608039; 7322548 AB - Interest in causal investigations in aquatic systems has been a natural outgrowth of the increased use of biological monitoring to characterize the condition of resources. Although biological monitoring approaches are critical tools for detecting whether effects are occurring, they do not identify the cause of the observed effects. Formal approaches to causal evaluation can provide a mechanism to build on expert knowledge, increasing the likelihood that remedial efforts will achieve the desired environmental improvement. This paper examines how formal approaches to causal investigations minimize common errors. We reviewed common cognitive errors reported in the literature, and compared them with considerations suggested for strength-of-evidence approaches. Many of the causal considerations are directed toward distinguishing spurious correlations from true causal relationships. However, this is only one type of error; others include hypothesis dependence, confirmation bias, hypothesis tenacity and anchoring. We suggest three general principles for minimizing error in site-specific investigations: (1) Conduct the causal evaluation as a fair, transparent comparison among alternatives; (2) Carefully describe and quantify the conjunction of cause and effect; and (3) Consider that conjunction between cause and effect is spurious, or that a real conjunction was masked. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Braen Norton, S AU - Rao, L AU - Suter II, G AU - Cormier, S M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - Jan 2003 SP - 213 EP - 229 PB - CRC Press LLC, 2000 Corporate Blvd., NW Boca Raton FL 33431 USA, [mailto:journals@crcpress.com], [URL:http://www.crcpress.com] VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - bioassessment KW - ecoepidemiology KW - strength-of-evidence KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Bioindicators KW - Risk assessment KW - Reviews KW - Aquatic environment KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - R2 23050:Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19608039?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Minimizing+Cognitive+Errors+in+Site-Specific+Causal+Assessments&rft.au=Braen+Norton%2C+S%3BRao%2C+L%3BSuter+II%2C+G%3BCormier%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Braen+Norton&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F1080703031877294 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Bioindicators; Environmental monitoring; Reviews; Aquatic environment DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1080703031877294 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Types of Integration in Risk Assessment and Management, And Why They Are Needed AN - 19607865; 7322552 AB - Risk-based decision making requires that the decision makers and stakeholders are informed of all risks that are potentially significant and relevant to the decision. The International Programme on Chemical Safety of the World Health Organization has developed a framework for integrating the assessment of human health and ecological risks. However, other types of integration are needed to support particular environmental decisions. They are integration of exposure and effects, of multiple chemicals and other hazardous agents, of multiple routes of exposure, of multiple endpoints, multiple receptors, multiple spatial and temporal scales, a products life cycle, management alternatives, and socioeconomics with risk assessment. Inclusion of all these factors in an integrated assessment could lead to paralysis by analysis. Therefore, it is important that assessors be cognizant of the decision process and that decision makers and those who will influence the decision (stakeholders) be involved in planning the assessment to ensure that the degree of integration is necessary and sufficient. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Suter II, GW AU - Munns, W R AU - Sekizawa, J AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 W. Martin L. King Drive, MS-117, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - Jan 2003 SP - 273 EP - 279 PB - CRC Press LLC, 2000 Corporate Blvd., NW Boca Raton FL 33431 USA, [mailto:journals@crcpress.com], [URL:http://www.crcpress.com] VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - integration KW - risk assessment KW - ecological risk assessment KW - data quality objectives KW - Ecology KW - Risk assessment KW - Chemicals KW - life cycle KW - Hazardous materials KW - Environmental impact KW - Socioeconomics KW - decision making KW - stakeholders KW - R2 23020:Technological risks KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19607865?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Types+of+Integration+in+Risk+Assessment+and+Management%2C+And+Why+They+Are+Needed&rft.au=Suter+II%2C+GW%3BMunns%2C+W+R%3BSekizawa%2C+J&rft.aulast=Suter+II&rft.aufirst=GW&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=273&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F1080703031877339 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; Risk assessment; Ecology; Hazardous materials; life cycle; Environmental impact; Socioeconomics; decision making; stakeholders DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1080703031877339 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Approaches for Integrated Risk Assessment AN - 19607833; 7322551 AB - Recognizing the need to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of risk assessments globally, the World Health Organizations International Programme on Chemical Safety, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the European Commission, and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development developed a collaborative partnership to foster integration of assessment approaches used to evaluate human health and ecological risks. The objectives of this effort included: improving understanding of the benefits of integration, identifying obstacles to the integration process, and engaging key agencies, organizations, and scientific societies to promote integration. A framework with supporting documentation was developed to describe an approach for integration. Four case studies were constructed to illustrate how integrated risk assessments might be conducted for chemical and nonchemical stressors. The concepts and approaches developed in the project were evaluated in an international workshop. The goal of this effort was international acceptance of guidance for integrated risk assessment. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Munns, W R AU - Kroes, R AU - Veith, G AU - Suter II, GW AU - Damstra, T AU - Waters, MD AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - Jan 2003 SP - 267 EP - 272 PB - CRC Press LLC, 2000 Corporate Blvd., NW Boca Raton FL 33431 USA, [mailto:journals@crcpress.com], [URL:http://www.crcpress.com] VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - human health risk assessment KW - ecological risk assessment KW - integrated risk assessment KW - Risk assessment KW - case studies KW - Ecology KW - EPA KW - commissions KW - USA KW - Economics KW - Public health KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19607833?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Approaches+for+Integrated+Risk+Assessment&rft.au=Munns%2C+W+R%3BKroes%2C+R%3BVeith%2C+G%3BSuter+II%2C+GW%3BDamstra%2C+T%3BWaters%2C+MD&rft.aulast=Munns&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F1080703031877177 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ecology; case studies; Risk assessment; commissions; EPA; Economics; Public health; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1080703031877177 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Finite Element Analysis of Hepatic Radiofrequency Ablation Probes using Temperature-Dependent Electrical Conductivity AN - 19475384; 7169891 AB - Background Few finite element models (FEM) have been developed to describe the electric field, specific absorption rate (SAR), and the temperature distribution surrounding hepatic radiofrequency ablation probes. To date, a coupled finite element model that accounts for the temperature-dependent electrical conductivity changes has not been developed for ablation type devices. While it is widely acknowledged that accounting for temperature dependent phenomena may affect the outcome of these models, the effect has not been assessed. Methods The results of four finite element models are compared: constant electrical conductivity without tissue perfusion, temperature-dependent conductivity without tissue perfusion, constant electrical conductivity with tissue perfusion, and temperature-dependent conductivity with tissue perfusion. Results The data demonstrate that significant errors are generated when constant electrical conductivity is assumed in coupled electrical-heat transfer problems that operate at high temperatures. These errors appear to be closely related to the temperature at which the ablation device operates and not to the amount of power applied by the device or the state of tissue perfusion. Conclusion Accounting for temperature-dependent phenomena may be critically important in the safe operation of radiofrequency ablation device that operate near 100 degree C. JF - BioMedical Engineering OnLine AU - Chang, Isaac AD - Office of Science and Technology, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Rockville MD USA Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House 34-42 Cleveland Street London W1T 4LB UK, [mailto:info@biomedcentral.com], [URL:http://www.biomedcentral.com] VL - 2 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Article No. 12 KW - Temperature effects KW - Perfusion KW - Mathematical models KW - Electrical conductivity KW - Electric fields KW - Liver KW - W 30920:Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19475384?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioMedical+Engineering+OnLine&rft.atitle=Finite+Element+Analysis+of+Hepatic+Radiofrequency+Ablation+Probes+using+Temperature-Dependent+Electrical+Conductivity&rft.au=Chang%2C+Isaac&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=Isaac&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioMedical+Engineering+OnLine&rft.issn=1475-925X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1475-925X-2-12 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Mathematical models; Perfusion; Electrical conductivity; Electric fields; Liver DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-925X-2-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Denitrification Efficiency in Groundwater Adjacent to Ditches within Constructed Riparian Wetlands: Kankakee Watershed, Illinois-Indiana, U.S.A. AN - 19425198; 5603888 AB - Dual isotope evaluations of NO sub(3) super(-) in groundwater adjacent to ditches within constructed riparian wetlands across the Kankakee watershed may assist the determination of denitrification efficiency. Groundwater sampling indicates that NO sub(3) super(-)-N exceeded 10 mg L super(-1) in constructed riparian wetlands but not in native wetlands within the riparian zones of the Kankakee basin. An apparent local empirical threshold for nitrification occurs in groundwater near ditches with less then 1:11 depth to width dimensions within similar hydrogeology. The super(15)N and super(18)O composition of groundwater nitrate varies widely in these constructed riparian wetlands. Groundwater nitrate associated with broader ditches (e.g. 1:35) most closely matches the denitrification isotope signature of native riparian wetlands in the basin. The geometry of various cut and fill landforms may need evaluation in engineering designs for constructed riparian wetlands to ensure the establishment of local natural groundwater flow conditions for efficient nitrate attenuation. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Sidle, W C AU - Goodrich, JA AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, NRMRL, Isotope Hydrology Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH, U.S.A., sidle.william@epa.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 391 EP - 404 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 144 IS - 1 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - artificial wetlands KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Drainage Ditches KW - Isotopes KW - USA, Illinois, Kankakee KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Watersheds KW - Artificial Wetlands KW - Denitrification KW - Riparian environments KW - Environmental Engineering KW - Nitrates KW - USA, Illinois KW - USA, Indiana KW - Nitrification KW - Geohydrology KW - Groundwater KW - Groundwater Movement KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19425198?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Denitrification+Efficiency+in+Groundwater+Adjacent+to+Ditches+within+Constructed+Riparian+Wetlands%3A+Kankakee+Watershed%2C+Illinois-Indiana%2C+U.S.A.&rft.au=Sidle%2C+W+C%3BGoodrich%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Sidle&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Isotopes; Nitrates; Denitrification; Riparian environments; Watersheds; Groundwater; Environmental Engineering; Drainage Ditches; Nitrification; Geohydrology; Groundwater Pollution; Groundwater Movement; Artificial Wetlands; USA, Indiana; USA, Illinois; USA, Illinois, Kankakee ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A micromodel analysis of factors influencing NAPL removal by surfactant foam flooding AN - 19397079; 5555793 AB - A methodology to study the trichloroethylene (TCE) and dodecane removal in porous media by surfactant foams (SF) was presented by using etched-glass micromodels. The purpose of this work was to systematically evaluate the impact of various physicochemical factors such as gas fraction (GF), surfactant concentration, pore structure and nonaqueous phase liquid (NAPL) types on NAPL removal during SF flooding. The TCE displacement by SF was dependent on the gas fraction of SF. Low GFs (50% and 66%) were more efficient for TCE removal and sweep efficiencies than a high GF (85%). An increase in TCE removal was observed with increasing surfactant concentration at a fixed GF. TCE removal by SF flooding appeared to be dependent more to the value of Capillary number rather than to the concentration of surfactant solution. The effect of the pore heterogeneity was evaluated by employing two different types of micromodels. The Capillary number is an important parameter in the determination of sweep efficiency or gas saturation of SF in a nonhomogeneous porous medium. However, the TCE removal from a nonhomogeneous porous medium may not be associated with sweep efficiency. The initial configuration of residual TCE blobs in a non-homogeneous porous medium would also be influential in displacing TCE. Sweep efficiencies and pressure responses of two NAPL systems (TCE and dodecane) were monitored to evaluate foam stability when the foam contacts the NAPLs. Stable foam contacting with TCE is implied, while it appears that dodecane cause the SF to collapse. All results indicate that the Capillary number (a ratio of viscous forces to capillary forces) is the most important parameter for TCE removal by SF flooding. Micromodel visualizations of water, surfactant and SF floods were showed and also discussed. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Jeong, S-W AU - Corapcioglu, MY AD - NRC Research Associateship Program, U.S. EPA, Ada, OK 74820, USA, Jeong.Seung-Woo@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - Jan 2003 SP - 77 EP - 96 VL - 60 IS - 1-2 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - dodecane KW - trichloroethylene KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Experimental Data KW - Pollutant removal KW - Floods and flooding KW - Capillary Conductivity KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Model Studies KW - Pollution (Groundwater) KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Nonaqueous Phase Liquids KW - Remediation KW - Flooding KW - Trichloroethylene KW - Surfactants KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19397079?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=A+micromodel+analysis+of+factors+influencing+NAPL+removal+by+surfactant+foam+flooding&rft.au=Jeong%2C+S-W%3BCorapcioglu%2C+MY&rft.aulast=Jeong&rft.aufirst=S-W&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - nonaqueous phase liquids; Pollutant removal; Flooding; Surfactants; Pollution (Groundwater); Remediation; Floods and flooding; Trichloroethylene; Experimental Data; Performance Evaluation; Nonaqueous Phase Liquids; Capillary Conductivity; Groundwater Pollution; Model Studies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Greater hemocyte bactericidal activity in oysters (Crassostrea virginica) from a relatively contaminated site in Pensacola Bay, Florida AN - 19327906; 7061190 AB - Bivalve mollusks such as Crassostrea virginica inhabiting polluted estuaries and coastal areas may bioaccumulate high concentrations of contaminants without apparent ill effects. However, changes in putative internal defense activities have been associated with contaminant accumulation in both experimental and long-term field exposures. In an effort to elucidate these relationships, 40 oysters were collected from Bayou Chico (BC) and East Bay (EB) in Pensacola Bay, FL, two estuaries known to differ in the type and magnitude of chemical contaminants present. Oyster tissue concentrations of metals, tri- and dibutyltin (TBT, DBT), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were measured in individual oysters, as were hemocyte counts (HCs), hemocyte bacterial killing indices (KI), serum lysozyme (LYS) and serum protein (PRO) levels. Average HC, KI, LYS and PRO were significantly higher in BC oysters, which also had significantly higher tissue concentrations of total trace metals, butyltins (BTs), PAHs, PCBs, pesticides, and Mn, Cu, Zn and Sn. EB oysters had low organic contaminant levels and no detectable BTs, but significantly higher concentrations of Al, Cr, Fe, Ag, Cd, and Hg. Simple correlation analysis between specific defense measurements and specific chemical analytes showed specific positive relationships that corroborated previous findings in other FL estuaries. Canonical correlation analysis was used to examine relationships between defense measurements and tissue metals using linearly combined sets of variables. Results were also consistent with previous findings--the highest possible canonical correlation was positive: r=0.864, P<0.0019 among canonical variables composed of HC, KI and LYS for defense, and Fe, Cu, Ag, Cd, Sb, Sn, Ni, Pb and Hg for metals. JF - Aquatic toxicology AU - Oliver, L M AU - Fisher, W S AU - Volety, A K AU - Malaeb, Z AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA, fisher.william@epa.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 363 EP - 373 VL - 64 IS - 4 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - Eastern oyster KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Marine KW - Immunology KW - Brackish KW - Crassostrea virginica KW - Chemical pollution KW - Blood cells KW - Toxicity KW - Disease resistance KW - ASW, USA, Florida, Pensacola Bay KW - Pollution KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19327906?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+toxicology&rft.atitle=Greater+hemocyte+bactericidal+activity+in+oysters+%28Crassostrea+virginica%29+from+a+relatively+contaminated+site+in+Pensacola+Bay%2C+Florida&rft.au=Oliver%2C+L+M%3BFisher%2C+W+S%3BVolety%2C+A+K%3BMalaeb%2C+Z&rft.aulast=Oliver&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=363&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+toxicology&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0166-445X%2803%2900076-6 L2 - http://www.elsevier.com/locate/aqtox LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Physical medium: Printed matter, Internet; http://www.elsevier.com/locate/aquatox N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Immunology; Disease resistance; Toxicity; Blood cells; Chemical pollution; Pollution; Crassostrea virginica; ASW, USA, Florida, Pensacola Bay; Brackish; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0166-445X(03)00076-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental toxicity of methoprene and several degradation products in Xenopus laevis AN - 19327224; 7061170 AB - Methoprene is an insect juvenile growth hormone mimic, which inhibits pupation and is used for the control of emergent insect pests such as mosquitoes. Researchers have hypothesized that methoprene use in US may be a contributing factor to the recent increase in malformed amphibians. However, little is known concerning the developmental toxicity of methoprene and its degradation products in amphibians. In these studies, the aqueous stability and developmental toxicity of methoprene and several degradation products (methoprene acid, methoprene epoxide, 7-methoxycitronellal, and 7-methoxycitronellic acid) were examined. Xenopus laevis embryos (stage 8) were exposed to the test chemicals for 96 h. Assays were conducted under static renewal (24 h) conditions and chemical concentrations in water were measured at the beginning and end of the renewal periods. Methoprene exposure did not result in developmental toxicity at concentrations up to 2 mg/l, which is slightly higher than its water solubility. Methoprene acid, a relatively minor degradation product, produced developmental toxicity when concentrations exceeded 1.25 mg/l. Methoprene epoxide and 7-methoxycitronellal caused developmental toxicity at concentrations of 2.5 mg/l and higher. 7-Methoxycitronellic acid was not developmentally toxic at a test concentration as high as 30 mg/l. The five test chemicals had differential stability in aqueous solution that was in some instances affected by the presence of test organisms. These data indicate that methoprene and its degradation products are not potent development toxicants in X. laevis. This, in combination with the fact that field applications of sustained-release formulations of methoprene result in methoprene concentrations that do not typically exceed 0.01 mg/l, suggests that concerns for methoprene-mediated developmental toxicity to amphibians may be unwarranted. JF - Aquatic toxicology AU - Degitz, S J AU - Durhan, E J AU - Tietge, JE AU - Kosian, P A AU - Holcombe, G W AU - Ankley, G T AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology, 6201 Congdon Boulevard, Duluth, MN 55804-2595 USA, degitz.sigmund@epa.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 97 EP - 105 VL - 64 IS - 1 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - African clawed frog KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Xenopus laevis KW - Insecticides KW - Growth regulators KW - Amphibiotic species KW - Freshwater KW - Hormones KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19327224?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+toxicology&rft.atitle=Developmental+toxicity+of+methoprene+and+several+degradation+products+in+Xenopus+laevis&rft.au=Degitz%2C+S+J%3BDurhan%2C+E+J%3BTietge%2C+JE%3BKosian%2C+P+A%3BHolcombe%2C+G+W%3BAnkley%2C+G+T&rft.aulast=Degitz&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+toxicology&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0166-445X%2803%2900022-5 L2 - http://www.elsevier.com/locate/aqtox LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Physical medium: Printed matter, Internet; http://www.elsevier.com/locate/aquatox N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Insecticides; Amphibiotic species; Growth regulators; Hormones; Xenopus laevis; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0166-445X(03)00022-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stimulation of defense factors for oysters deployed to contaminated sites in Pensacola Bay, Florida AN - 19322035; 7061191 AB - A positive association between chemical contaminants and defense factors has been established for eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) from Florida, but it is unknown whether such factors can be stimulated through short-term exposure to contaminants in the field. Hatchery oysters were deployed at two contaminated sites and one reference site near Pensacola, Florida, during spring and summer in 1998. Putative defense measurements, notably hemocyte count and bactericidal activity, were significantly elevated after 12-week deployment during summer at the most contaminated site. This site exhibited a dramatic increase in chemical concentrations in oyster tissue relative to both the initial concentrations in hatchery oysters and to oysters deployed at the reference site. Hemocyte activity was not stimulated after 16-week deployment of hatchery oysters in spring, despite similar increases in tissue chemical concentrations, so defense activation by short-term exposure may covary with other unmeasured environmental or physiological parameters. Using the converse approach, Pensacola Bay oysters were collected from two contaminated sites and deployed at the reference site for 16 weeks during spring. Results from this converse deployment were ambiguous; serum lysozyme concentrations were reduced for oysters transplanted from both sites, but hemocyte activities were not significantly changed. The principal outcome from this study was the demonstration of enhanced defense activities for oysters upon short-term summer deployment at a contaminated site. JF - Aquatic toxicology AU - Fisher, W S AU - Oliver, L M AU - Winstead, J T AU - Volety, A K AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA, fisher.william@epa.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 375 EP - 391 VL - 64 IS - 4 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - Eastern oyster KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Marine KW - Immunology KW - Brackish KW - Crassostrea virginica KW - Chemical pollution KW - Blood cells KW - Toxicity KW - Disease resistance KW - ASW, USA, Florida, Pensacola Bay KW - Pollution KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19322035?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+toxicology&rft.atitle=Stimulation+of+defense+factors+for+oysters+deployed+to+contaminated+sites+in+Pensacola+Bay%2C+Florida&rft.au=Fisher%2C+W+S%3BOliver%2C+L+M%3BWinstead%2C+J+T%3BVolety%2C+A+K&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=375&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+toxicology&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0166-445X%2803%2900077-8 L2 - http://www.elsevier.com/locate/aqtox LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Physical medium: Printed matter, Internet; http://www.elsevier.com/locate/aquatox N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Immunology; Disease resistance; Toxicity; Blood cells; Chemical pollution; Pollution; Crassostrea virginica; ASW, USA, Florida, Pensacola Bay; Brackish; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0166-445X(03)00077-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of anesthesia (tricaine methanesulfonate, MS222) on liver biotransformation in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) AN - 19320577; 7061177 AB - The effect of tricaine methanesulfonate (MS222) on rainbow trout liver biotransformation rates was investigated with a microsomal model; an in vitro preparation that can be employed with or without the use of an anaesthetic. Two experimental sets of rainbow trout microsomes were tested; one representing in vivo or surgical tricaine exposures and the other representing in vitro tissue/organ collection tricaine exposures. Microsomal incubations were performed on these two experimental groups with phenol as substrate to assess the effects of tricaine on Phase I (ring-hydroxylation) and II (glucuronidation) liver biotransformation by monitoring production of hydroquinone (HQ), catechol (CAT), and phenylglucuronide (PG). The use of a 2-h 100 mg/l exposure of tricaine for surgical anesthesia with or without 24-h recovery did not significantly (P ~,0.05) affect rates of phenol (Phase I and II) biotransformation rates; nor, did the 5-min 300 mg/l tricaine exposure for isolated organ/tissue collection significantly (P ~,0.05) affect phenol (Phase I and II) biotransformation rates. There were also no significant statistical differences (P ~,0.05) in P450 protein levels, or 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity in these microsomal assays between any of the tricaine treated rainbow trout and controls. JF - Aquatic toxicology AU - Kolanczyk, R C AU - Fitzsimmons, P N AU - McKim, J M AU - Erickson, R J AU - Schmieder, P K AD - Mid-Continent Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA, kolanczyk.rick@epa.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 177 EP - 184 VL - 64 IS - 2 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - Rainbow trout KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Anaesthesia KW - Oncorhynchus mykiss KW - Ribosomes KW - Freshwater KW - Phenols KW - Q1 08346:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19320577?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+toxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+anesthesia+%28tricaine+methanesulfonate%2C+MS222%29+on+liver+biotransformation+in+rainbow+trout+%28Oncorhynchus+mykiss%29&rft.au=Kolanczyk%2C+R+C%3BFitzsimmons%2C+P+N%3BMcKim%2C+J+M%3BErickson%2C+R+J%3BSchmieder%2C+P+K&rft.aulast=Kolanczyk&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+toxicology&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0166-445X%2803%2900051-1 L2 - http://www.elsevier.com/locate/aqtox LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Physical medium: Printed matter, Internet; http://www.elsevier.com/locate/aquatox N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anaesthesia; Ribosomes; Phenols; Oncorhynchus mykiss; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0166-445X(03)00051-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimizing minirhizotron sample frequency for an evergreen and deciduous tree species AN - 19224284; 5778081 AB - When using minirhizotrons to study fine dynamics in natural ecosystems, it is important to determine how sample collection frequency influences estimates of fine root production and mortality. Minirhizotron images were collected twice per week from mature Pseudotsuga menziesii and Tilia cordata trees and analyzed to estimate fine root production and mortality. These data were used to create data sets reflecting sample frequencies of 1, 2, 4 or 8 wk. When the sampling interval is long, fine roots can appear and disappear between samplings, leading to underestimates of production and mortality. For example, with an 8-wk sample frequency, 24 and 35% of the fine root production in P. menziesii and T. cordata, respectively, is not measured. Fine root mortality displays the same sensitivity to sample frequency. Our experimental observations supported the previously published simulation analysis, which provides an estimate of the proportion of fine roots missed at different sample frequencies and is a tool that can be used to select a sample frequency to balance production and mortality accuracy with sampling and analytical effort. JF - New Phytologist AU - Tingey, D T AU - Phillips, D L AU - Johnson, M G AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Western Ecology Division, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA, tingey.dave@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - Jan 2003 SP - 155 EP - 161 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd. VL - 157 IS - 1 SN - 0028-646X, 0028-646X KW - Douglas-fir KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - Trees KW - Tilia cordata KW - Roots KW - Pseudotsuga menziesii KW - D 04001:Methodology - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19224284?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Phytologist&rft.atitle=Optimizing+minirhizotron+sample+frequency+for+an+evergreen+and+deciduous+tree+species&rft.au=Tingey%2C+D+T%3BPhillips%2C+D+L%3BJohnson%2C+M+G&rft.aulast=Tingey&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=157&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=New+Phytologist&rft.issn=0028646X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1469-8137.2003.00653 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pseudotsuga menziesii; Tilia cordata; Trees; Roots; Mortality DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00653 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prenatal window of susceptibility to perfluorooctane sulfonate-induced neonatal mortality in the Sprague-Dawley rat AN - 19205520; 5794953 AB - The critical period for increased neonatal mortality induced by perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) exposure was evaluated in the rat. Timed- pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were treated by oral gavage with 25 mg/kg/d PFOS/K super(+) on four consecutive days (gestation days (GD) 2-5, 6-9, 10-13, 14- 17, or 17-20) or with 0, 25, or 50 mg/kg/d PFOS/K super(+) on GD 19-20. Controls received vehicle (10 ml/kg 0.5% Tween-20) on these days. Maternal weight gain was reduced in treated animals during dosing, as were food and water consumption. Following a 4-day treatment, litter size at birth was unaffected while pup weight was similarly reduced in the three earliest PFOS groups. All PFOS groups experienced decreases in survival while controls remained near 100%. Neonatal survival decreased in groups dosed later during gestation, approaching 100% with dosing on GD 17-20. Most deaths occurred before postnatal day (PND) 4, with the majority in the first 24 hours. Maternal serum PFOS levels on GD 21 were higher in groups exhibiting higher mortality. Following a 2-day treatment, PFOS groups experienced significant pup mortality by PND 1. Neonatal mortality continued through PND 5, when survival was 98, 66, and 3% for the 0, 25, and 50 mg/kg groups, respectively. Pup weight was reduced in treated groups with surviving litters. Gross dissection and histological examination of lungs revealed differences in maturation between control and treated animals on PND 0. We conclude that exposure to PFOS late in gestation is sufficient to induce 100% pup mortality and that inhibition of lung maturation may be involved. JF - Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology AU - Grasty, R C AU - Grey, B E AU - Lau, C S AU - Rogers, J M AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, grasty.rayetta@epa.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 465 EP - 471 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK, [mailto:customer@wiley.co.uk], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 68 IS - 6 SN - 1542-9733, 1542-9733 KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - Prenatal experience KW - Neonates KW - perfluorooctane sulfonic acid KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19205520?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Birth+Defects+Research+Part+B%3A+Developmental+and+Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Prenatal+window+of+susceptibility+to+perfluorooctane+sulfonate-induced+neonatal+mortality+in+the+Sprague-Dawley+rat&rft.au=Grasty%2C+R+C%3BGrey%2C+B+E%3BLau%2C+C+S%3BRogers%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Grasty&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=465&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Birth+Defects+Research+Part+B%3A+Developmental+and+Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.issn=15429733&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbdrb.10046 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prenatal experience; perfluorooctane sulfonic acid; Mortality; Neonates DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bdrb.10046 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dose-Based Duration Adjustments for the Effects of Inhaled Trichloroethylene on Rat Visual Function AN - 19180370; 5758151 AB - Risk assessments often must consider exposures that vary over time or for which the exposure duration of concern differs from the available data, and a variety of extrapolation procedures have been devised accordingly. The present experiments explore the relationship(s) between exposure concentration (C) and time (t) to investigate procedures for assessing the risks of short-term solvent exposures. The first hypothesis tested was that the product of C x t would produce a constant health effect (Haber's rule). The second hypothesis tested was that exposure conditions produce effects in proportion to the tissue concentrations created. Awake, adult, male Long-Evans (LE) rats were exposed to trichloroethylene (TCE) vapor in a head-only exposure chamber while pattern onset/offset visual evoked potentials (VEPs) were recorded. Exposure conditions were designed to provide C x t products of 0 ppm/h (0 ppm for 4 h) or 4000 ppm/h created through four exposure scenarios: 1000 ppm for 4 h; 2000 ppm for 2 h; 3000 ppm for 1.3 h; or 4000 ppm for 1h (n = 9-10/concentration). The amplitude of the VEP frequency double component (F2) was decreased significantly by exposure; this decrease was related to C but not to t or to the C x t product, indicating that Haber's rule did not hold. The mean amplitude ( plus or minus SEM in mu V) of the F2 component in the control and treatment groups measured 4.4 plus or minus 0.5 (0 ppm/4 h), 3.1 plus or minus 0.5 (1000 ppm/4 h), 3.1 plus or minus 0.4 (2000 ppm/2 h), 2.3 plus or minus 0.3 (3000 ppm/1.3 h), and 1.9 plus or minus 0.4 (4000 ppm/1 h). A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model was used to estimate the concentrations of TCE in the brain achieved during each exposure condition. The F2 amplitude of the VEP decreased monotonically as a function of the estimated peak brain concentration but was not related to the area under the curve (AUC) of the brain TCE concentration. In comparison to estimates from the PBPK model, extrapolations based on Haber's rule yielded approximately a 6-fold error in estimated exposure duration when extrapolating across only a 4-fold change in exposure concentration. These results indicate that the use of a linear form of Haber's rule will not predict accurately the risks of acute exposure to TCE, nor will an estimate of AUC of brain TCE. However, an estimate of the brain TCE concentration at the time of VEP testing predicted the effects of TCE across exposure concentrations and durations. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Boyes, W K AU - Bercegeay, M AU - Ali, J S AU - Krantz, T AU - McGee, J AU - Evans, M AU - Raymer, J H AU - Bushnell, P J AU - Simmons, JE AD - Neurotoxicology Division, Experimental Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711 Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 121 EP - 130 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 76 IS - 1 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - rats KW - dose-response effects KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Inhalation KW - Eye KW - Vision KW - Trichloroethylene KW - X 24151:Acute exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19180370?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Dose-Based+Duration+Adjustments+for+the+Effects+of+Inhaled+Trichloroethylene+on+Rat+Visual+Function&rft.au=Boyes%2C+W+K%3BBercegeay%2C+M%3BAli%2C+J+S%3BKrantz%2C+T%3BMcGee%2C+J%3BEvans%2C+M%3BRaymer%2C+J+H%3BBushnell%2C+P+J%3BSimmons%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Boyes&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Eye; Trichloroethylene; Vision; Inhalation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pubertal Development in Female Wistar Rats following Exposure to Propazine and Atrazine Biotransformation By-Products, Diamino-S-Chlorotriazine and Hydroxyatrazine AN - 19145295; 5758162 AB - We showed previously that the chlorotriazine herbicide, atrazine (ATR), delays the onset of pubertal development in female rats. ATR and its biotransformation by-products are present in soil and groundwater. Since current maximum contaminant levels are set only for ATR, it is important to determine whether these by-products can also alter pubertal development and possibly pose a cumulative exposure hazard. We evaluated the effects of two ATR by-products, diamino-s-chlorotriazine (DACT) and hydroxyatrazine (OH-ATR), and a structurally similar chlorotriazine, propazine (PRO), on female pubertal development. Rats were gavaged from postnatal days (PNDs) 22 through PND 41 with DACT (16.7, 33.8, 67.5, 135 mg/kg), OH-ATR (22.8, 45.7, 91.5, 183 mg/kg), or PRO (13, 26.7, 53, 106.7, 213 mg/kg). The dose range for each chemical was selected as the molar equivalent of ATR (12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200 mg/kg). The females were monitored daily for vaginal opening (VO) and killed on PND 41. DACT, a by-product of ATR that occurs in the environment and is also the primary chlorinated metabolite of ATR in animal tissue, delayed VO by 3.2, 4.8, and 7.6 days compared to the controls (33.1 plus or minus 0.4 (SE) days of age) following exposure to 33.8, 67.5, and 135 mg/kg, respectively. The no effect level (NOEL) for DACT (16.7 mg/kg) was identical to the equimolar NOEL for ATR (25 mg/kg). Although the body weight (BW) on PND 41 was reduced by the high dose of DACT (8.4% reduction), this reduction did not exceed the criteria for selecting the maximum tolerated dose (e.g., a dose that causes >10% decrease in BW at necropsy). None of the lower doses of DACT caused a significant difference in BW gain. Additionally, 33.8, 67.5, and 135 mg/kg of DACT significantly increased the BW on the day of VO. PRO (107 or 213 mg/kg) delayed VO by 4 days but did not alter the BW on PND 41. While no significant delays in pubertal development were observed in two separate dose-response studies with doses ranging up to 183 mg/kg (OH-ATR), a minor but statistically significant delay in the onset of puberty in a pilot study using OH-ATR raises the possibility that an effect might occur following exposure to higher doses. However, it is clear from these data that OH-ATR has a much lower potency when compared with equimolar doses of DACT and PRO. Together, these data demonstrate that PRO and DACT can delay the onset of puberty in the female rat at doses equimolar to ATR and provide the scientific basis for the use of additivity in the upcoming risk assessments. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Laws, S C AU - Ferrell, J M AU - Stoker, TE AU - Cooper, R L AD - Endocrinology Branch, Reproductive Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711 Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 190 EP - 200 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 76 IS - 1 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - rats KW - development KW - diamino-S-chlorotriazine KW - hydroxyatrazine KW - propazine KW - puberty KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Atrazine KW - X 24132:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19145295?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Pubertal+Development+in+Female+Wistar+Rats+following+Exposure+to+Propazine+and+Atrazine+Biotransformation+By-Products%2C+Diamino-S-Chlorotriazine+and+Hydroxyatrazine&rft.au=Laws%2C+S+C%3BFerrell%2C+J+M%3BStoker%2C+TE%3BCooper%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Laws&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=190&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atrazine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Photochemical transformation of allochthonous organic matter provides bioavailable nutrients in a humic lake AN - 18931068; 5676814 AB - Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus associated with dissolved organic matter (DOM) form a large potential source of nutrients and energy for bacterio- and phytoplankton. The role of solar radiation in the transformation of DOM into inorganic and bioavailable forms was investigated in a humic boreal Lake Valkea-Kotinen. The concentrations of nitrate+nitrite, inorganic phosphorus and inorganic carbon increased, but those of ammonium decreased in < 0.2- mu m filtered hypolimnetic water during 1-day exposures to solar radiation. In epilimnetic water, solar radiation increased the concentration of ammonium at a rate equivalent to the rate of atmospheric deposition of inorganic nitrogen. When indigenous bacteria of Lake Valkea-Kotinen were inoculated into sunlight-exposed waters, bacteria achieved higher biovolume and productivity and incorporated carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus at greater rates than those grown in non-exposed waters. Bacteria mineralized dissolved organic carbon 92-375% more in exposed than in non-exposed waters. Thus, in addition to direct photochemical mineralization, solar radiation increased metabolic mineralization of organic carbon by bacteria. Solar radiation decreased the activity of phosphomonoesterase during exposures down to <1% of the initial values. However, after 4-d bioassay the activity of phosphomonoestrase in the exposed waters exceeded that in the non-exposed water. JF - Archiv fuer Hydrobiologie AU - Vaehaetalo, A V AU - Salonen, K AU - Muenster, U AU - Jaervinen, M AU - Wetzel, R G AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, 960 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605-270, USA, vahatalo.anssi@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 287 EP - 314 VL - 156 IS - 2 SN - 0003-9136, 0003-9136 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Photochemistry KW - Solar Radiation KW - Bacteria KW - Lakes KW - Organic Matter KW - Nutrients KW - Mineralization KW - Metabolism KW - Data Collections KW - SW 0850:Lakes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18931068?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archiv+fuer+Hydrobiologie&rft.atitle=Photochemical+transformation+of+allochthonous+organic+matter+provides+bioavailable+nutrients+in+a+humic+lake&rft.au=Vaehaetalo%2C+A+V%3BSalonen%2C+K%3BMuenster%2C+U%3BJaervinen%2C+M%3BWetzel%2C+R+G&rft.aulast=Vaehaetalo&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=156&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archiv+fuer+Hydrobiologie&rft.issn=00039136&rft_id=info:doi/10.1127%2F0003-9136%2F2003%2F0156-0287 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Photochemistry; Bacteria; Solar Radiation; Lakes; Organic Matter; Nutrients; Mineralization; Metabolism; Data Collections DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0003-9136/2003/0156-0287 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecosystem engineering - moving away from 'just-so' stories AN - 18910241; 5652843 AB - The concept of ecosystem engineering has been proposed recently to account for key processes between organisms and their environment which are not directly trophic or competitive, and which result in the modification, maintenance and/or creation of habitats. Since the initial reporting of the idea, little work has been undertaken to apply the proposed concept to potential ecosystem engineers in the marine environment. Biological and ecological data for the burrowing ghost shrimp Callianassa filholi (Decapoda: Thalassinidea) allowed for a formal assessment of this species as an ecosystem engineer, in direct accordance with published criteria. Despite a low population density and the short durability of its burrow structures, Callianassa filholi affected a number of resource flows by its large lifetime per capita activity. Ecosystem effects were evident in significant changes in macrofauna community composition over small spatial and temporal scales. Seasonal variation in the effects of ghost shrimp activity were associated with changes in seagrass (Zostera novazelandica) biomass, which revealed the probability of interactions between antagonistic ecosystem engineers. The formal assessment of Callianassa filholi provides the opportunity to aid discussion pertaining to the development of the ecosystem engineering concept. JF - New Zealand Journal of Ecology AU - Berkenbusch, K AU - Rowden, A A AD - Environmental Protection Agency, 2111 SE Marine Science Drive, Newport, OR 97365, USA, k.berkenbusch@niwa.cri.nz Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 67 EP - 73 VL - 27 IS - 1 SN - 0110-6465, 0110-6465 KW - Ecosystem engineering KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Population density KW - Macrofauna KW - Zostera novazelandica KW - Habitat KW - Burrowing organisms KW - Community composition KW - Callianassa filholi KW - PSE, New Zealand KW - Marine ecosystems KW - Sea grass KW - Zoobenthos KW - Seasonal variations KW - Marine crustaceans KW - Q1 08483:Species interactions: general KW - D 04665:Crustaceans UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18910241?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Zealand+Journal+of+Ecology&rft.atitle=Ecosystem+engineering+-+moving+away+from+%27just-so%27+stories&rft.au=Berkenbusch%2C+K%3BRowden%2C+A+A&rft.aulast=Berkenbusch&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=New+Zealand+Journal+of+Ecology&rft.issn=01106465&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Burrowing organisms; Community composition; Population density; Sea grass; Habitat; Zoobenthos; Marine crustaceans; Macrofauna; Marine ecosystems; Seasonal variations; Callianassa filholi; Zostera novazelandica; PSE, New Zealand; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estuarine and scalar patterns of invasion in the soft-bottom benthic communities of the San Francisco Estuary AN - 18904981; 5717880 AB - The spatial patterns of nonindigenous species in seven subtidal soft-bottom communities in the San Francisco Estuary were quantified. Sixty nonindigenous species were found out of the 533 taxa enumerated (11%). Patterns of invasion across the communities were evaluated using a suite of invasion metrics based on the abundance or species richness of nonindigenous species. Patterns of invasion along the estuarine gradient varied with the invasion metric used, and the ecological interpretation of the metrics is discussed. Overall, the estuarine transition community located in the estuarine turbidity maximum zone (mean 5 practical salinity unit (psu)), main estuarine community (mean 16 psu), and marine muddy community (mean 28 psu) were more invaded than two fresh-brackish communities (mean < 1 psu) and a marine sandy community (mean 27 psu). Nonindigenous species were numerically dominant over much of the Estuary, making up more than 90% of the individuals in two communities. The percentage of the total species composed of nonindigenous species increased at smaller spatial scales: 11% at the estuary (gamma) scale, 21% at the community (alpha) scale, and 42% at the grab (point) scale. Wider spatial distributions of nonindigenous species and a relatively greater percentage of rare native species may have resulted in this pattern. Because of this scale dependency, comparisons among sites need to be made at the same spatial scale. Native species were positively correlated with nonindigenous species in several of the communities, presumably due to similar responses to small-scale differences in habitat quality. The rate of invasion into the soft-bottom communities of the San Francisco Estuary appears to have increased over the last one to two decades and many of the new introductions have become numerically dominant. JF - Biological Invasions AU - Lee, H II AU - Thompson, B AU - Lowe, S AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, ORD, NHEERL, Western Ecology Division, 2111 S.E. Marine Science Drive, Newport, OR 97365, USA, lee.henry@epa.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 85 EP - 102 VL - 5 IS - 1-2 SN - 1387-3547, 1387-3547 KW - invasion rates KW - Oceanic Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - SW 0890:Estuaries KW - Q1 01462:Benthos KW - D 04320:Brackishwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18904981?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Invasions&rft.atitle=Estuarine+and+scalar+patterns+of+invasion+in+the+soft-bottom+benthic+communities+of+the+San+Francisco+Estuary&rft.au=Lee%2C+H+II%3BThompson%2C+B%3BLowe%2C+S&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Invasions&rft.issn=13873547&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phytoplankton responses to nutrient sources in coastal waters off southeastern Australia AN - 18868394; 5706578 AB - Reports of visible algal blooms have increased in New South Wales (NSW) coastal waters since 1990. Our three-year, multi-disciplinary study assessed the relative importance of natural and anthropogenic nutrients on the development of phytoplankton blooms in the waters between Port Stephens and Jervis Bay. The hinterland of this region accommodates 85% of the population of the 6.5 million inhabitants of New South Wales, Australia. Three deepwater outfalls represented the principal, continuous, anthropogenic nutrient source with nitrogen mainly in the bioavailable form of ammonia. Sewage effluent typically remained submerged especially during the spring-summer period when algal blooms occur most frequently. On average, coastal catchments contributed relatively small loads of nutrients except during major flood events because extensive estuaries tend to buffer nutrient fluxes to the ocean. Episodic slope water intrusions were the principal source of nitrogen (nitrate) to coastal waters especially during spring and summer. Phytoplankton blooms appeared to occur in response to slope water intrusions irrespective of proximity to other major nutrient sources. A new understanding of mechanisms of slope water intrusion emerged from model simulations and direct observations. A major upwelling event in January 1998, towards the end of the 1997/98 El Nino period, demonstrated the importance of large scale slope water intrusions on the development of algal blooms. Although natural upwelling/uplifting was found to be the principal driver for major algal blooms, it is possible that more subtle impacts of anthropogenic nutrients may be masked by `natural' variability including that due to the El Nino Southern Oscillation. JF - Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management AU - Pritchard, T R AU - Lee, R S AU - Ajani, P A AU - Rendell, P S AU - Black, K AU - Koop, K AD - New South Wales Environment Protection Authority, PO Box A290, Sydney South, NSW 1232, Australia, pritchardt@epa.nsw.gov.au Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 105 EP - 117 VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 1463-4988, 1463-4988 KW - minerals KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Algal blooms KW - Australia, New South Wales, Jervis Bay KW - Ammonia KW - Phytoplankton KW - Water mass intrusions KW - Nutrients KW - Coastal waters KW - Environmental factors KW - Sewage disposal KW - Outfalls KW - Slope water KW - PSE, Australia, New South Wales, Jervis Bay KW - PSE, Australia, New South Wales, Port Stephens KW - Australia, New South Wales KW - Nutrient sources KW - Nutrients (mineral) KW - Minerals KW - Algae KW - K 03009:Algae KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - Q1 08461:Plankton KW - Q1 08226:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - D 04627:Algae/lichens KW - O 1010:Viruses, Bacteria, Protists, Fungi and Plants KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18868394?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Ecosystem+Health+%26+Management&rft.atitle=Phytoplankton+responses+to+nutrient+sources+in+coastal+waters+off+southeastern+Australia&rft.au=Pritchard%2C+T+R%3BLee%2C+R+S%3BAjani%2C+P+A%3BRendell%2C+P+S%3BBlack%2C+K%3BKoop%2C+K&rft.aulast=Pritchard&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Ecosystem+Health+%26+Management&rft.issn=14634988&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F14634980390199806 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Barometers of Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Integrity. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Outfalls; Sewage disposal; Algal blooms; Slope water; Ammonia; Water mass intrusions; Phytoplankton; Nutrients (mineral); Coastal waters; Environmental factors; Nutrients; Nutrient sources; Minerals; Algae; Australia, New South Wales, Jervis Bay; PSE, Australia, New South Wales, Jervis Bay; PSE, Australia, New South Wales, Port Stephens; Australia, New South Wales DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14634980390199806 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Upstream-to-downstream changes in nutrient export risk AN - 18855334; 5690318 AB - Nutrient export coefficients are estimates of the mass of nitrogen (N) or phosphorus (P) normalized by area and time (e.g., kg/ha/yr). They have been estimated most often for watersheds ranging in size from 10 super(2) to 10 super(4) hectares, and have been recommended as measurements to inform management decisions. At this scale, watersheds are often nested upstream and downstream components of larger drainage basins, suggesting nutrient export coefficients will change from one subwatershed to the next. Nutrient export can be modeled as risk where lack of monitoring data prevents empirical estimation. We modeled N and P export risk for subwatersheds of larger drainage basins, and examined spatial changes in risk from upstream to downstream watersheds. Spatial (sub-watershed) changes in N and P risk were a function of in-stream decay, subwatershed land-cover composition, and subwatershed streamlength. Risk tended to increase in a downstream direction under low rates of in-stream decay, whereas high rates of in-stream decay often reduced risk to zero (0) toward downstream subwatersheds. On average, increases in the modeled rate of in-stream decay reduced risk by 0.44 for N and 0.39 for P. Interactions between in-stream decay, land-cover composition and streamlength produced dramatic changes in risk across subwatersheds in some cases. Comparison of the null cases of no in-stream decay and homogeneously forested subwatersheds with extant conditions indicated that complete forest cover produced greater reductions in nutrient export risk than a high in-stream decay rate, especially for P. High rates of in-stream decay and complete forest cover produced approximately equivalent reductions in N export risk for downstream subwatersheds. JF - Landscape Ecology AU - Wickham, J D AU - Wade, T G AU - Riitters, KH AU - O'Neill, R V AU - Smith, J H AU - Smith, E R AU - Jones, K B AU - Neale, A C AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, US EPA (MD 243-05), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA, wickham.james@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 193 EP - 206 VL - 18 IS - 2 SN - 0921-2973, 0921-2973 KW - Models KW - nutrient export KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Rivers KW - Spatial variations KW - Phosphorus KW - Nutrients (mineral) KW - Nutrient dynamics KW - Watersheds KW - Risks KW - Nitrogen KW - D 04310:Freshwater KW - Q1 08482:Ecosystems and energetics KW - Q2 09187:Geochemistry of sediments KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18855334?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Landscape+Ecology&rft.atitle=Upstream-to-downstream+changes+in+nutrient+export+risk&rft.au=Wickham%2C+J+D%3BWade%2C+T+G%3BRiitters%2C+KH%3BO%27Neill%2C+R+V%3BSmith%2C+J+H%3BSmith%2C+E+R%3BJones%2C+K+B%3BNeale%2C+A+C&rft.aulast=Wickham&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Landscape+Ecology&rft.issn=09212973&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Spatial variations; Rivers; Phosphorus; Nutrients (mineral); Watersheds; Risks; Nitrogen; Nutrient dynamics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exposure to Perfluorooctane Sulfonate during Pregnancy in Rat and Mouse. II: Postnatal Evaluation AN - 18819686; 5713344 AB - The postnatal effects of in utero exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS, C sub(8)F sub(17)SO sub(3) super(-)) were evaluated in the rat and mouse. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were given 1, 2, 3, 5, or 10 mg/kg PFOS daily by gavage from gestation day (GD) 2 to GD 21; pregnant CD-1 mice were treated with 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 mg/kg PFOS from GD 1 to GD 18. Controls received 0.5% Tween-20 vehicle (1 ml/kg for rats and 10 ml/kg for mice). At parturition, newborns were observed for clinical signs and survival. All animals were born alive and initially appeared to be active. In the highest dosage groups (10 mg/kg for rat and 20 mg/kg for mouse), the neonates became pale, inactive, and moribund within 30-60 min, and all died soon afterward. In the 5 mg/kg (rat) and 15 mg/kg (mouse) dosage groups, the neonates also became moribund but survived for a longer period of time (8-12 h). Over 95% of these animals died within 24 h. Approximately 50% of offspring died at 3 mg/kg for rat and 10 mg/kg for mouse. Cross-fostering the PFOS-exposed rat neonates (5 mg/kg) to control nursing dams failed to improve survival. Serum concentrations of PFOS in newborn rats mirrored the maternal administered dosage and were similar to those in the maternal circulation at GD 21; PFOS levels in the surviving neonates declined in the ensuing days. Small but significant and persistent growth lags were detected in surviving rat and mouse pups exposed to PFOS prenatally, and slight delays in eye opening were noted. Significant increases in liver weight were observed in the PFOS-exposed mouse pups. Serum thyroxine levels were suppressed in the PFOS- treated rat pups, although triiodothyronine and thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH] levels were not altered. Choline acetyltransferase activity (an enzyme that is sensitive to thyroid status) in the prefrontal cortex of rat pups exposed to PFOS prenatally was slightly reduced, but activity in the hippocampus was not affected. Development of learning, determined by T-maze delayed alternation in weanling rats, was not affected by PFOS exposure. These results indicate that in utero exposure to PFOS severely compromised postnatal survival of neonatal rats and mice, and caused delays in growth and development that were accompanied by hypothyroxinemia in the surviving rat pups. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Lau, C AU - Thibodeaux, J R AU - Hanson, R G AU - Rogers, J M AU - Grey, B E AU - Stanton, ME AU - Butenhoff, J L AU - Stevenson, LA AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711 Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 382 EP - 392 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 74 IS - 2 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - mice KW - perfluorooctane sulfonate KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24140:Cosmetics, toiletries & household products UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18819686?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Exposure+to+Perfluorooctane+Sulfonate+during+Pregnancy+in+Rat+and+Mouse.+II%3A+Postnatal+Evaluation&rft.au=Lau%2C+C%3BThibodeaux%2C+J+R%3BHanson%2C+R+G%3BRogers%2C+J+M%3BGrey%2C+B+E%3BStanton%2C+ME%3BButenhoff%2C+J+L%3BStevenson%2C+LA&rft.aulast=Lau&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=382&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pesticide residue on/in the washed skin and its potential contribution to dermal toxicity AN - 18712438; 5592315 AB - Washing the skin of humans or experimental animals after exposure to a pesticide or other chemical may leave a major portion of the dose on/in the washed skin. Questions have been raised as to whether this skin residue can contribute to the toxicity of a pesticide by continued post-wash absorption. In a set of 19 pesticides tested in the rat to determine the fate of this skin residue, absorption from the washed skin continued in 15 at all doses tested, continued in 2 pesticides at only some of the doses tested and did not continue in 2 volatile pesticides. However, only nine pesticides showed an increase in systemic concentration following absorption from the washed skin, which can be considered indicative of potential increased toxicity. The time of occurrence and magnitude of the increase varied with chemical and dose, being a combination of rate and magnitude of absorption and rate and magnitude of excretion of the absorbed chemical. Similar patterns of continued absorption of skin residue may be expected to occur in humans. Published in 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Journal of Applied Toxicology AU - Zendzian, R P AD - Health Effects Division (7509C), Office of Pesticide Programs, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA., Zendzian.Robert@epa.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 121 EP - 136 VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0260-437X, 0260-437X KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24131:Acute exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18712438?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Pesticide+residue+on%2Fin+the+washed+skin+and+its+potential+contribution+to+dermal+toxicity&rft.au=Zendzian%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Zendzian&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Toxicology&rft.issn=0260437X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjat.900 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jat.900 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of Marine Toxicity Identification and Evaluation Methods in Determining Causes of Toxicity to Fish in a Marine Aquarium Facility AN - 18704438; 5597660 AB - We obtained a water sample containing broken pieces of a tropical coral reef decor that was suspected of causing fish toxicity in a major aquarium. A toxicity identification and evaluation (TIE) was performed using three species: a mysid shrimp, Americamysis bahia; inland silverside Menidia beryllina; and an amphipod, Ampelisca abdita. Initial tests indicated that only the shrimp was sensitive to the unknown toxicant. The first phase of the TIE indicated that the toxicity to the shrimp could be eliminated by either the addition of EDTA or manipulation of the cation exchange column. Elevated concentrations of Cd were detected by inductively coupled plasma analysis, and metal toxicity was confirmed when the cation exchange column treatment successfully isolated the toxic metal. Analysis of affected fish tissue indicated Cd levels ranging from less than 0.3 ng/g in the muscle to 200 mu g/g in the liver. This study demonstrates a unique application of TIE methods to diagnose toxicity problems in aquaria and other aquaculture situations. JF - North American Journal of Aquaculture AU - Ho, K T AU - Kuhn, A AU - Burgess, R M AU - Pelletier, M AU - McGovern, D G AU - Charles, J AU - Patton, L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882, USA Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 14 EP - 20 VL - 65 IS - 1 SN - 1522-2055, 1522-2055 KW - Inland silverside KW - Tidewater silverside KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Menidia beryllina KW - Metals KW - Pollution detection KW - Aquaculture KW - Toxicity tests KW - Aquatic environment KW - Aquaria KW - Americamysis bahia KW - Bioassays KW - Analytical techniques KW - Ampelisca abdita KW - Cadmium KW - Toxicity testing KW - Q3 08586:Aquaria KW - Q1 08586:Aquaria KW - O 5060:Aquaculture KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18704438?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=North+American+Journal+of+Aquaculture&rft.atitle=Use+of+Marine+Toxicity+Identification+and+Evaluation+Methods+in+Determining+Causes+of+Toxicity+to+Fish+in+a+Marine+Aquarium+Facility&rft.au=Ho%2C+K+T%3BKuhn%2C+A%3BBurgess%2C+R+M%3BPelletier%2C+M%3BMcGovern%2C+D+G%3BCharles%2C+J%3BPatton%2C+L&rft.aulast=Ho&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=North+American+Journal+of+Aquaculture&rft.issn=15222055&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquaria; Metals; Bioassays; Pollution detection; Analytical techniques; Cadmium; Toxicity tests; Toxicity testing; Aquaculture; Aquatic environment; Menidia beryllina; Americamysis bahia; Ampelisca abdita ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EGF and TGF- alpha Expression Influence the Developmental Toxicity of TCDD: Dose Response and AhR Phenotype in EGF, TGF- alpha , and EGF + TGF- alpha Knockout Mice AN - 18678571; 5576294 AB - The environmental toxicant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) produces cleft palate (CP) and hydronephrosis (HN) in mice. The etiology of these defects involves hyperproliferation of epithelial cells of the secondary palatal shelf and ureter, respectively. These effects correlate with altered expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and transforming growth factor- alpha (TGF- alpha ). In this study, the developmental toxicity of TCDD was examined in EGF, TGF- alpha , and double EGF + TGF- alpha knockout (-/-) and wild type (WT) mice. The influence of background genetics in responsiveness to TCDD was examined using liver 7- ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity. Animals were dosed by gavage with 0, 0.2, 1, 5, 24, 50, 100, or 150 mu g TCDD/kg (5 ml/kg) body weight on gestation day 12. The mixed genetic background of WT, EGF (-/-), and EGF + TGF- alpha (- /-) made these mice less responsive to TCDD relative to C57BL/6J and TGF- alpha (-/-), which have a C57BL background. These results show that EGF and TGF- alpha are not required for response to TCDD; however, the specific ligand available to bind EGFR affects the responsiveness to TCDD. EGF (-/-) mice are less responsive for CP, but more sensitive to HN. TGF- alpha (-/-) mice were similar to WT in sensitivity for induction of CP and HN. The responses of EGF + TGF- alpha (-/-) mice were like the WT except at higher doses where sensitivity to CP increased, suggesting that the responses may be mediated by alternative ligands for EGFR that are not functional equivalents of EGF or TGF- alpha . In conclusion, the EGFR pathway is mechanistically important in responses of the embryo to TCDD. Specific ligands confer sensitivity or resistance that are target tissue-dependent. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Abbott, B D AU - Buckalew, A R AU - DeVito, MJ AU - Ross, D AU - Bryant, P L AU - Schmid, JE AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division and Environmental Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711 Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - Jan 2003 SP - 84 EP - 95 VL - 71 IS - 1 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - cleft palate KW - epidermal growth factor KW - hydronephrosis KW - mice KW - transforming growth factor- alpha KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18678571?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=EGF+and+TGF-+alpha+Expression+Influence+the+Developmental+Toxicity+of+TCDD%3A+Dose+Response+and+AhR+Phenotype+in+EGF%2C+TGF-+alpha+%2C+and+EGF+%2B+TGF-+alpha+Knockout+Mice&rft.au=Abbott%2C+B+D%3BBuckalew%2C+A+R%3BDeVito%2C+MJ%3BRoss%2C+D%3BBryant%2C+P+L%3BSchmid%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=84&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A multilayer biochemical dry deposition model 1. Model formulation AN - 18663560; 5571616 AB - A multilayer biochemical dry deposition model has been developed based on the NOAA Multilayer Model (MLM; Meyers et al. [1998]) to study gaseous exchanges between the soil, plants, and the atmosphere. Most of the parameterizations and submodels have been updated or replaced. The numerical integration was improved, and an aerodynamic resistance based on Monin-Obukhov theory was added. An appropriate parameterization for the leaf boundary layer resistance was chosen. A biochemical stomatal resistance model was chosen based on comparisons of four different existing stomatal resistance schemes. It describes photosynthesis and respiration and their coupling with stomatal resistance for sunlit and shaded leaves separately. Various aspects of the photosynthetic process in both C sub(3) and C sub(4) plants are considered in the model. To drive the photosynthesis model, the canopy radiation scheme has been updated. Leaf area index measurements are adjusted to account for stem area index. A normalized soil water stress factor was applied to potential photosynthesis to account for plant response to both drought and water-logging stresses. A new cuticle resistance model was derived based on membrane passive transport theory and Fick's first law. It accounts for the effects of diffusivity and solubility of specific gases in the cuticle membrane, as well as the thickness of the cuticle membrane. The model is designed for use in the nationwide dry deposition networks, for example, the Clean Air Status And Trends Network (CASTNet), and mesoscale models, for example, the Community Multiscale Air Quality model (CMAQ) and even the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF). JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. D. Atmospheres AU - Wu, Y AU - Brashers, B AU - Finkelstein, P L AU - Pleim, JE AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - Jan 2003 VL - 108 IS - D1 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - CASTNet KW - CMAQ KW - WRF KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Citation No. 4013 KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.510.3/.4:Physical Properties/Composition (551.510.3/.4) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18663560?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=A+multilayer+biochemical+dry+deposition+model+1.+Model+formulation&rft.au=Wu%2C+Y%3BBrashers%2C+B%3BFinkelstein%2C+P+L%3BPleim%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=D1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002JD002293 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication date refers to online publication. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002JD002293 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of hydrogeomorphic region, catchment storage and mature forest on baseflow and snowmelt stream water quality in second-order Lake Superior Basin tributaries AN - 18067544; 6016920 AB - In this study the authors predict stream sensitivity to non-point source pollution based on the non-linear responses of hydrological regimes and associated loadings of non-point source pollutants to catchment properties. Two hydrologically based thresholds of impairment are assessed, one for catchment storage (5-10%) and one for mature forest (60% of catchment in mature forest cover) across two different hydrogeomorphic regions within the Northern Lakes and Forest (NLF) ecoregion: the North Shore (predominantly within the North Shore Highlands Ecological Unit) and the South Shore (predominantly within the Lake Superior Clay Plain Ecological Unit). Water quality samples were collected and analysed during peak snowmelt and baseflow conditions from 24 second-order streams grouped as follows: three in each region x catchment storage x mature forest class. Water quality was affected by a combination of regional influences, catchment storage and mature forest. Regional differences were significant for suspended solids, phosphorus, nitrogen:phosphorus ratios, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and alkalinity. Catchment storage was significantly correlated with dissolved silica during the early to mid-growing season, and with DOC, specific conductance and alkalinity during all seasons. Total nitrogen and dissolved nitrogen were consistently less in low mature forest than in high mature forest catchments. Catchment storage interacted with the influence of mature forest for only two metrics: colour and the soluble inorganic nitrogen:phosphorus ratio. Significant interaction terms (region by mature forest or region by storage) suggest differences in regional sensitivity for conductance, alkalinity, total organic carbon, and colour, as well as possible shifts in thresholds of impact across region or mature forest class. Use of the NLF Ecoregion alone as a basis for setting regional water quality criteria would lead to the misinterpretation of reference condition and assessment of condition. There were pronounced differences in background water quality between the North and South Shore streams, particularly for parameters related to differences in soil parent material and glacial history. A stratified random sampling design for baseflow and snowmelt stream water quality based on both hydrogeomorphic region and catchment attributes improves assessments of both reference condition and differences in regional sensitivity JF - Freshwater biology AU - Detenbeck, N E AU - Elonen, C M AU - Taylor, D L AU - Anderson, LE AU - Jicha, T M AU - Batterman, S L AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804 USA, detenbeck.naomi@epa.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 912 EP - 927 VL - 48 IS - 5 SN - 0046-5070, 0046-5070 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Catchment area KW - Geomorphology KW - Silica KW - Melt water KW - North America, Superior L. KW - Dissolved organic carbon KW - Freshwater KW - Water quality KW - Tributaries KW - Regional variations KW - Freshwater pollution KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18067544?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Freshwater+biology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+hydrogeomorphic+region%2C+catchment+storage+and+mature+forest+on+baseflow+and+snowmelt+stream+water+quality+in+second-order+Lake+Superior+Basin+tributaries&rft.au=Detenbeck%2C+N+E%3BElonen%2C+C+M%3BTaylor%2C+D+L%3BAnderson%2C+LE%3BJicha%2C+T+M%3BBatterman%2C+S+L&rft.aulast=Detenbeck&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=912&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Freshwater+biology&rft.issn=00465070&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2427.2003.01056.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Physical medium: Printed matter, Internet N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Catchment area; Silica; Geomorphology; Melt water; Dissolved organic carbon; Water quality; Regional variations; Tributaries; Freshwater pollution; North America, Superior L.; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2427.2003.01056.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationships of Nitrogen Loadings, Residential Development, and Physical Characteristics with Plant Structure in New England Salt Marshes AN - 18063708; 5829342 AB - We examined the vascular plant species richness and the extent, density, and height of Spartina species of ten Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island (United States) fringe salt marshes which had a wide range of residential land development and N-loadings associated with their watersheds. Significant inverse relationships of tall S. alterniflora with species richness and with the extent and density of S. patens and short S. alterniflora were observed. Extent and density of S. patens and extent of short S. alterniflora were positively and significantly related with plant species richness. Marsh elevation and area did not significantly correlate with plant structure. Flood tide height significantly and inversely correlated with S. patens, but did not significantly relate to S. alterniflora or plant species richness. Marsh width significantly and positively correlated with plant species richness and S. patens and inversely correlated with tall S. alterniflora. Significant inverse relationships were observed for N-load, % residential development, and slope with S. patens, short S. alterniflora, and species richness, and significant positive relationships with tall S. alterniflora. The marsh slope and width were significantly correlated with N- load and residential development that made it difficult to determine to what extent anthropogenic stressors were contributing to the variation in the plant structure among the marshes. At five marshes with similar slopes, there were significant inverse relationships of N-load with S. patens (density and extent) and a positive relationship with tall S. alterniflora (extent). Although there were no significant relationships of slope with the plant metrics among the five sites, other physical factors, such as the flood tide height and marsh width, significantly correlated with the extent and density of Spartina species. Significant relationships of N-load with plant structure (albeit confounded by the effect of the physical characteristics) support the hypothesis of competitive displacement of dominant marsh plants under elevated nitrogen. It is likely that the varying plant structure in New England marshes is a response to a combination of natural factors and multiple anthropogenic stressors (e.g., eutrophication and sea level rise). JF - Estuaries AU - Wigand, C AU - McKinney, R A AU - Charpentier, MA AU - Chintala, M M AU - Thursby, G B AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882 Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 1494 EP - 1504 PB - Estuarine Research Federation, 490 Chippingwood Dr. No. 2 Port Republic MD 20676-2140 USA VL - 26 IS - 6 SN - 0160-8347, 0160-8347 KW - Residential development KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 01422:Environmental effects KW - D 04200:Wetlands KW - Q5 01521:Mechanical and natural changes KW - M2 556.56:Swamps, Marshes (556.56) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18063708?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries&rft.atitle=Relationships+of+Nitrogen+Loadings%2C+Residential+Development%2C+and+Physical+Characteristics+with+Plant+Structure+in+New+England+Salt+Marshes&rft.au=Wigand%2C+C%3BMcKinney%2C+R+A%3BCharpentier%2C+MA%3BChintala%2C+M+M%3BThursby%2C+G+B&rft.aulast=Wigand&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1494&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries&rft.issn=01608347&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of gestational exposure to ethane dimethanesulfonate in CD-1 mice: Microtia and preliminary hearing tests AN - 17983378; 5907984 AB - Microtia is a reduction in pinna size, usually seen in humans in conjunction with other medical conditions. We report microtia in CD-1 mice after gestational exposure to ethane dimethanesulfonate (EDS), an alkylating agent and adult rat Leydig cell toxicant. Time-pregnant CD-1 mice were administered 0, 80, or 160 mg EDS/kg on gestation days (GD) 11-17, or 0 or 160 mg EDS/kg on GD 11-13, GD 13-15 or GD 15-17. Pinnae were measured on postnatal days (PND) 4, 8, 18, and 28; and were observed for detachment from birth through PND 8. Branchial-arch derived skeletal structures and histology of the pinna was examined on PND 4 and 24. Brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER) tests were carried out at approximately PND 160 to determine possible effects on hearing. All offspring of EDS-treated dams exhibited bilateral, dose-related decreases in pinna size. Gestational exposure during GD 11-13 produced smaller ears than during GD 13-15 or 15-17, but not as small as the GD 11-17 regimen. Ossification of other pharyngeal arch derivatives was delayed whereas histology was unremarkable. BAER analysis showed a decrease in the proportion of adult offspring producing a quantifiable response to varied auditory stimuli among EDS-treated litters. Gestational exposure to EDS affects pinna development in the mouse, with a broad period of sensitivity during the second half of gestation. Microtia induced by EDS may be associated with hearing deficits, suggesting functional importance of pinna size or additional effects of EDS on ear development not detected by morphological examination. JF - Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology AU - Tarka-Leeds, Dana K AU - Herr, David W AU - Klinefelter, Gary R AU - Rogers, John M AD - Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, rogers.john@epa.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 383 EP - 390 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK, [mailto:customer@wiley.co.uk], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 68 IS - 4 SN - 1542-9733, 1542-9733 KW - ethane dimethanesulfonate KW - mice KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Prenatal experience KW - Ear KW - Hearing KW - Microtia KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17983378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Birth+Defects+Research+Part+B%3A+Developmental+and+Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+gestational+exposure+to+ethane+dimethanesulfonate+in+CD-1+mice%3A+Microtia+and+preliminary+hearing+tests&rft.au=Tarka-Leeds%2C+Dana+K%3BHerr%2C+David+W%3BKlinefelter%2C+Gary+R%3BRogers%2C+John+M&rft.aulast=Tarka-Leeds&rft.aufirst=Dana&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=383&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Birth+Defects+Research+Part+B%3A+Developmental+and+Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.issn=15429733&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prenatal experience; Hearing; Ear; Microtia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Population dynamics of ambient and altered earthworm communities in row-crop agroecosystems in the Midwestern U.S. AN - 17904119; 5866137 AB - Earthworms affect agroecosystem processes and few studies have addressed population dynamics when earthworms are intentionally introduced. Handsorting and formalin extraction were used semi-annually from fall 1994 to fall 1997 to measure populations in plots with and without added earthworms under chisel till in a corn-soybean rotation (CT) and a ridge-till system in a corn-soybean-wheat rotation (RT) in Ohio, USA. Earthworm communities were altered by adding similar to 76 Lumbricus terrestris (L.) m super(-2) each spring and fall into plots with no, or very few of these anecic earthworms. Increases in L. terrestris were small ( similar to 7 m super(-2)) compared to the number added and their establishment was at the expense of the epigeic earthworm L. rubellus (Hoff.), which declined four and two-fold in CT and RT, respectively. Populations of the endogeic earthworm Octolasion tytaeum (Sav.) were unaffected by the addition of L. terrestris. Sampling 5 years after the additions indicated that L. terrestris persisted only in the RT plots. The decline in L. rubellus populations in plots with added anecic worms was no longer evident. We understand that the increased number and amounts of residues and the minimal level of disturbance found in RT probably increased the extent and quality of earthworm habitat over CT plots, which had fewer crops, less cover, and periodic disturbance. Apparently, population dynamics and competitive relationships among different earthworm functional groups were regulated by agroecosystem type, and their correspondent disturbance regimes and resource distributions. JF - Pedobiologia AU - Shuster, W D AU - Shipitalo, MJ AU - Bohlen, P J AU - Subler, S AU - Edwards, CA AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) NRMRL SEB ML498, 26 W, Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati OH 45268, USA, shuster.william@epa.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 825 EP - 829 VL - 47 IS - 5-6 SN - 0031-4056, 0031-4056 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Lumbricus terrestris KW - Agricultural ecosystems KW - Community composition KW - Introduced species KW - Population dynamics KW - USA, Ohio KW - Octolasion tytaeum KW - Crops KW - D 04657:Annelids UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17904119?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pedobiologia&rft.atitle=Population+dynamics+of+ambient+and+altered+earthworm+communities+in+row-crop+agroecosystems+in+the+Midwestern+U.S.&rft.au=Shuster%2C+W+D%3BShipitalo%2C+MJ%3BBohlen%2C+P+J%3BSubler%2C+S%3BEdwards%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Shuster&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=825&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pedobiologia&rft.issn=00314056&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lumbricus terrestris; Octolasion tytaeum; USA, Ohio; Population dynamics; Community composition; Agricultural ecosystems; Introduced species; Crops ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Mysound Project: Building an Estuary-Wide Monitoring Network for Long Island Sound, U.S.A. AN - 1777158105; 13772290 AB - A network of five water quality monitoring stations has been established in Long Island Sound, measuring temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen since 1999. The stations are located in areas of extreme water quality degradation (western Long Island Sound) as well as in pristine areas (eastern Long Island Sound). The data from these stations are collected every 15 minutes and posted to the project web site in real time as provisional data. After subsequent quality assurance procedures, the data are archived to the project File Transfer Protocol (FSP) site for downloading by the user community. The network of stations is in part supported logistically by a number of partners, including state and local agencies, schools, and non-governmental organizations. Data from the monitoring programs of some of these partners are also published to the project website providing a more comprehensive and complete picture of the status of the Sound than can be provided independently. This repository of information is used by marine educators, resource managers, scientists, and the general public, each with a different end purpose. We use the data from two of the stations to show that these high frequency time series measurements can be used to complement and enhance other monitoring programs within the Sound, documenting in greater detail the occurrence and duration of hypoxic events. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Tedesco, Mark AU - Bohlen, WFrank AU - Howard-Strobel, Mary M AU - Cohen, David R AU - Tebeau, Peter A AD - Long Island Sound Office, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Stamford, CT, U.S.A Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 35 EP - 42 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 81 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Islands KW - Stations KW - Assessments KW - Websites KW - Sound KW - Networks KW - Water quality KW - Monitoring UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777158105?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=The+Mysound+Project%3A+Building+an+Estuary-Wide+Monitoring+Network+for+Long+Island+Sound%2C+U.S.A.&rft.au=Tedesco%2C+Mark%3BBohlen%2C+WFrank%3BHoward-Strobel%2C+Mary+M%3BCohen%2C+David+R%3BTebeau%2C+Peter+A&rft.aulast=Tedesco&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1021348218138 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021348218138 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preliminary Investigation of Submerged Aquatic Vegetation Mapping using Hyperspectral Remote Sensing AN - 1777154983; 13772318 AB - The use of airborne hyperspectral remote sensing imagery for automated mapping of submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) in the tidal Potomac River was investigated for near to real-time resource assessment and monitoring. Airborne hyperspectral imagery and field spectrometer measurements were obtained in October of 2000. A spectral library database containing selected ground-based and airborne sensor spectra was developed for use in image processing. The spectral library is used to automate the processing of hyperspectral imagery for potential real-time material identification and mapping. Field based spectra were compared to the airborne imagery using the database to identify and map two species of SAV (Myriophyllum spicatum and Vallisneria americana). Overall accuracy of the vegetation maps derived from hyperspectral imagery was determined by comparison to a product that combined aerial photography and field based sampling at the end of the SAV growing season. The algorithms and databases developed in this study will be useful with the current and forthcoming space-based hyperspectral remote sensing systems. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Williams, David J AU - Rybicki, Nancy B AU - Lombana, Alfonso V AU - O'Brien, Tim M AU - Gomez, Richard B AD - Landscape Ecology Branch, Environmental Sciences Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, 555 National Center, Reston, VA, 20192 Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 383 EP - 392 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 81 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Databases KW - Airborne sensing KW - Assessments KW - Submerged KW - Imagery KW - Remote sensing KW - Vegetation KW - Spectra UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777154983?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Preliminary+Investigation+of+Submerged+Aquatic+Vegetation+Mapping+using+Hyperspectral+Remote+Sensing&rft.au=Williams%2C+David+J%3BRybicki%2C+Nancy+B%3BLombana%2C+Alfonso+V%3BO%27Brien%2C+Tim+M%3BGomez%2C+Richard+B&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=383&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1021318217654 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021318217654 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of the photo-Fenton reaction in the production of hydroxyl radicals and photobleaching of colored dissolved organic matter in a coastal river of the southeastern United States AN - 17598079; 5840047 AB - Photochemical reactions involving colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in natural waters are important determinants of nutrient cycling, trace gas production and control of light penetration into the water column. In this study the role of the hydroxyl radical in CDOM photodegradation was explored as well as the contribution of photo-Fenton chemistry to [rad]OH formation. Photochemically produced [rad]OH was observed under aerobic and dioxygen-depleted conditions in highly colored, acidic natural water samples obtained from a freshwater reach of the Satilla River, a river in the southeastern United States. Net aerobic [rad]OH formation along with the production of hydrogen peroxide and Fe(II) provided evidence of photo-Fenton produced [rad]OH. A reduction in [rad]OH production in the presence of iron chelators further suggests the importance of iron and the photo-Fenton reaction in this water. Apparent quantum yield values for the photochemical production of [rad]OH were determined from 300-320 nm. In addition, the relationship between [rad]OH photoproduction and effects of irradiation on the optical properties of CDOM was examined. Changes in the light absorption and fluorescence properties of water samples from the Satilla River and other natural waters were compared to [rad]OH production rates. The ability of constituents of Satilla River water, principally the dissolved organic matter, to scavenge [rad]OH was also considered. Results indicate that the photo-Fenton reaction accounts for more than 70% of total photochemical [rad] OH production in Satilla River water. Given the significant levels of [rad]OH produced in this water, it is possible that [rad]OH influences CDOM photobleaching. JF - Aquatic Sciences AU - White, E M AU - Vaughan, P P AU - Zepp, R G AD - Ecosystems Research Division, National Exposure Research Laboratory, USA, zepp.richard@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 402 EP - 414 VL - 65 IS - 4 SN - 1015-1621, 1015-1621 KW - Hydroxyl radicals KW - Photo-Fenton chemistry KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Q5 01503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17598079?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Sciences&rft.atitle=Role+of+the+photo-Fenton+reaction+in+the+production+of+hydroxyl+radicals+and+photobleaching+of+colored+dissolved+organic+matter+in+a+coastal+river+of+the+southeastern+United+States&rft.au=White%2C+E+M%3BVaughan%2C+P+P%3BZepp%2C+R+G&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=402&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Sciences&rft.issn=10151621&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00027-003-0675-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00027-003-0675-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - [Leaf litter balance in forest watersheds: impact of eucalyptus plantations on the ecological function of the lotic system]. TT - Balances de hojarasca en dos arroyos forestados: impacto de las plantaciones de eucalipto en el funcionamiento ecologico de un sistema lotico AN - 17466470; 6652934 AB - Leaf litter is the main energy source in small streams that drain forested watersheds. In this work, the impact of the eucalyptus plantation on the leaf litter budget in a headwater stream was studied. Two sampling sites were selected: site C, located in Salderrey Stream which flows through deciduous forest, and site E, located in Jergueron Stream, which drains an eucalyptus plantation. Processing rates of the different species were estimated by incubations of leaf litter in 5 mm bags carried out from 1990 to 1996. Litter traps located on the stream banks measured leaf litter inputs from the riparian vegetation. Leaf litter transport was measured with drift nets located in the upper part of the study reaches. Benthic storage of leaf litter was estimated by collecting benthic samples with a Surber net. Leaf litter inputs were lower in the stream that flows through the eucalyptus plantation. Vegetation change also influenced the input way of the organic matter and its composition. Despite a reduction in the leaf litter inputs, more leaves were retained in the benthos at site E. Due to the higher retention in the eucalyptus plantation stream, leaf litter was processed more efficiently at this site. These observations suggest the importance of maintaining the natural riparian vegetation to protect the ecological functioning of small streams that flow through eucalyptus plantations.Original Abstract: La hojarasca es la fuente principal de energia en los arroyos pequenos que drenan cuencas forestales. En este trabajo se estudia el impacto de las plantaciones de eucalipto en el balance de hojarasca de un arroyo de cabecera. Se han seleccionado dos estaciones de muestreo: la estacion C, situada en el arroyo de Salderrey que discurre a traves de un bosque caducifolio, y la estacion E, situada en el arroyo Jergueron que drena una plantation de eucaliptos. Las tasas de procesado de las diferentes especies se estimaron mediante incubaciones de hojarasca en boisas de malla (bags) de 5 mm de poro realizados entre los anos 1990 y 1996. Los aportes de hojarasca desde la vegetacion riparia se han determinado mediante trampas colocadas en las orillas. El transporte de hojarasca se ha determinado mediante trampas de deriva colocadas al inicio, aguas arriba, de cada tramo de estudio. La acumulacion de hojarasca en el bentos se ha estimado mediante la recogida de muestras del lecho con una red Surber. Los aportes de hojas fueron menores en el arroyo que discurre a traves de la plantacion de eucaliptos. El cambio de vegetacion tambien influyo en las vias de entrada de la materia organica y en la composition de los mismos. A pesar de la reduccion en los aportes, se observo una mayor cantidad de hojas retenidas en el bentos de la estacion E. Debido a la mayor retentividad que se observo en el arroyo con eucaliptos, la hojarasca fue procesada de una forma mas eficiente en esta estacion. Estas observaciones sugieren la importancia de mantener la vegetacion riparia natural para proteger el funcionamiento ecologico de los nos pequenos que drenan plantaciones de eucaliptos. JF - Limnetica AU - Molinero, J AU - Pozo, J AD - Dpto. Biologia Vegetal y Ecologia, Facultad de Ciencias, UPV/EHU, Apdo. 644, Bilbao 48080, Espana, molinero.jon@epa.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 63 EP - 70 VL - 22 IS - 3-4 SN - 0213-8409, 0213-8409 KW - Eucalyptus KW - Jergueron Stream KW - Salderrey Stream KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Rivers KW - Forest industry KW - Organic matter KW - Environmental impact KW - Freshwater KW - Watersheds KW - Nutrient cycles KW - Leaf litter KW - Spain, Pais Vasco KW - Energy flow KW - Lotic environment KW - Riparian vegetation KW - Q1 08482:Ecosystems and energetics KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17466470?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Limnetica&rft.atitle=%5BLeaf+litter+balance+in+forest+watersheds%3A+impact+of+eucalyptus+plantations+on+the+ecological+function+of+the+lotic+system%5D.&rft.au=Molinero%2C+J%3BPozo%2C+J&rft.aulast=Molinero&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Limnetica&rft.issn=02138409&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Leaf litter; Energy flow; Lotic environment; Forest industry; Organic matter; Environmental impact; Riparian vegetation; Watersheds; Nutrient cycles; Spain, Pais Vasco; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of rare macroinvertebrate taxa and multiple-year data to detect low-level impacts in rivers AN - 16161804; 5706584 AB - Predictions from AUSRIVAS were used to compare macroinvertebrate data from samples collected over several years from two nearby river sites in the Hunter Valley Region in NSW, Australia. One of the sites was in agricultural land and the other one was in a National Park. Both sites had good water quality and a diverse range of macroinvertebrate habitats. The AUSRIVAS output most commonly used for assessing river condition is the Observed/Expected (O/E50) value. Only relatively common taxa, ie those that have greater than 50% probability of occurrence are included in the calculation of O/E50 values. T-tests used to test differences between the mean O/E50 values for the individual samples showed no significant differences between the two sites. When similar analyses were performed on outputs calculated using rare taxa, significant differences were found between the two sites for the riffle habitat but not for the edge habitat. Including the rare taxa in calculating AUSRIVAS outputs and utilising multiple-year outputs for assessing site condition may allow detection of impacts not detected by examining the commonly used outputs. JF - Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management AU - Turak, E AU - Koop, K AD - New South Wales Environment Protection Authority, PO Box A290, Sydney South, NSW 1232, Australia, turake@epa.nsw.gov.au Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 167 EP - 175 VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 1463-4988, 1463-4988 KW - rare species KW - rare taxa KW - Entomology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Prediction KW - Water Pollution KW - Ecosystems KW - Macroinvertebrates KW - Freshwater KW - Water quality KW - Habitats KW - Invertebrata KW - Australia KW - Agricultural runoff KW - Testing Procedures KW - Rivers KW - Water Quality KW - Environmental impact KW - Community composition KW - Australia, New South Wales KW - Zoobenthos KW - Q1 08462:Benthos KW - D 04801:Pollution monitoring and detection KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Z 05210:Aquatic entomology KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16161804?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Ecosystem+Health+%26+Management&rft.atitle=Use+of+rare+macroinvertebrate+taxa+and+multiple-year+data+to+detect+low-level+impacts+in+rivers&rft.au=Turak%2C+E%3BKoop%2C+K&rft.aulast=Turak&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Ecosystem+Health+%26+Management&rft.issn=14634988&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F14634980390199563 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Barometers of Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Integrity. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Community composition; Environmental impact; Water quality; Zoobenthos; Agricultural runoff; Testing Procedures; Prediction; Water Pollution; Habitats; Ecosystems; Water Quality; Macroinvertebrates; Invertebrata; Australia, New South Wales; Australia; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14634980390199563 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Superfund vs. Mega-Sites: The Coeur d'Alene River Basin Story AN - 16161730; 5735229 AB - Stretching across the "panhandle" of northern Idaho, the Coeur d'Alene River Basin evokes a mixed sense of wonder. Within this vast region of mountains and marshes, forests and farmland, creeks and canyons, a vibrant mining industry emerged more than a century ago. Along with the mining industry came the mining towns - and the mining pollution. Over time, the volume of mining wastes discharged into waters of the Coeur d'Alene Basin reached Brobdingnagian proportions: enough waste to fill a football field with a pile four miles high. The environment of the Coeur d'Alene River Basin has certainly improved over the last few decades, with changes in mining practices and past cleanup efforts by parties including the State of Idaho, the Coeur d'Alene Indian Tribe, and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 10. Despite these past efforts, however, the greatest cleanup work for the Coeur d'Alene Basin likely remains ahead. On September 12, 2002, the EPA Regional Administrator signed a Record of Decision (ROD) to address mining contamination in the Basin through remedial actions projected over 30 years. Cleanup for the Coeur d'Alene River Basin, with all its attendant benefits for human health and the environment as well as for the economy, will result directly from Superfund remedial authority. Voluntary actions or disconnected efforts under other statutes could not provide the comprehensive environmental response of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act. While Superfund may never be embraced in certain circles or admired for its legislative clarity, the program has adapted through reforms and amendments. Along the way, Superfund has proven its ability to address contaminated areas beyond the oozing landfills. The story of the Coeur d'Alene Basin tells that pollution may be staggering and critics confounding. Yet if myths can be transcended, and adequate funding found, Superfund stands ready to remedy even the nation's mega-sites of landscapes and watercourses. JF - Columbia Journal of Environmental Law AU - Villa, C J AD - U.S. EPA Region 10, Seattle, WA, USA Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 255 EP - 262 VL - 28 IS - 2 SN - 0098-7944, 0098-7944 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - River Basins KW - Landfills KW - Superfund KW - CERCLA KW - Remedies KW - River basins KW - Marshes KW - USA, Idaho, Coeur d'Alene R. KW - Watercourses KW - Streams KW - Cleanup KW - Field Wastes KW - Remediation KW - Wastewater discharges KW - Mine Wastes KW - Mining KW - Legislation KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16161730?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Columbia+Journal+of+Environmental+Law&rft.atitle=Superfund+vs.+Mega-Sites%3A+The+Coeur+d%27Alene+River+Basin+Story&rft.au=Villa%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Villa&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=255&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Columbia+Journal+of+Environmental+Law&rft.issn=00987944&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Superfund; CERCLA; Remediation; Wastewater discharges; River basins; Mining; Legislation; River Basins; Landfills; Field Wastes; Remedies; Mine Wastes; Marshes; Watercourses; Streams; Cleanup; USA, Idaho, Coeur d'Alene R. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wet deposition from clouds and precipitation in three high-elevation regions of the Eastern United States AN - 16151928; 5543586 AB - Three regions are identified in the Eastern United States (US) that contain substantial land area at high elevations: the mid-Appalachian region (MAR), Eastern New York state (ENY), and the New England region (NER). Approximately 75% of the land cover in these areas is forested, with 5.6-29% of the total acreage above 600 m and subject to cloud deposition. Measurements of cloud deposition are scarce. A 6-year data record of measurements at two high- elevation locations is considered, and scaling factors are developed to enable the rough estimation of area-wide cloud deposition at various elevations in each region. Estimates of precipitation and associated ion deposition are made at 12 arc-second resolution for the Eastern US and are used to obtain elevation- resolved precipitation-mediated deposition for the three study regions. At high elevations, clouds account for a substantial proportion of wet deposition (i.e. the sum of that from clouds and precipitation). For the total land area above 600 m, clouds may account for 20-60% of the total wet ion deposition, with the exact proportion depending on both location and ion species. At elevations above 600 m, but below the climatic tree line, the ratio of cloud-to-precipitation- mediated deposition is higher in NER and ENY than in MAR. At the highest elevations of each study region, clouds may account for over 80% of the wet ion deposition. Although the wet deposition of ammonium (NH sub(4)[super]+), sulfate (SO sub(4)[super]2-), nitrate (NO sub(3)[super]-), and hydrogen (H[super]+) ions is enhanced at higher elevations by clouds over precipitation, this enhancement is the largest for ammonium. This study illustrates the major and perhaps dominant role that clouds may play by delivering considerable ion loads to montane ecosystems in selected elevation ranges where these ecosystems may be especially vulnerable. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Sickles, JE AU - Grimm, J W AD - US EPA, ORD, NERL, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, sickles.joseph@epa.gov Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - Jan 2003 SP - 277 EP - 288 VL - 37 IS - 2 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Sulfates KW - Ions KW - Ammonium KW - Nitrates KW - Nitrates in cloud water KW - Forests KW - USA, East KW - Precipitation KW - Wet deposition KW - Cloud chemistry KW - Sulfate in clouds KW - Clouds KW - Mountains KW - Ammonium deposition KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Deposition KW - Meteorology KW - Chemical composition of cloud water KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.576:Clouds (551.576) KW - SW 0815:Precipitation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16151928?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Wet+deposition+from+clouds+and+precipitation+in+three+high-elevation+regions+of+the+Eastern+United+States&rft.au=Sickles%2C+JE%3BGrimm%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Sickles&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1352-2310%2802%2900823-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ammonium deposition; Nitrates in cloud water; Wet deposition; Chemical composition of cloud water; Sulfate in clouds; Cloud chemistry; Mountains; Clouds; Ammonium; Ions; Atmospheric chemistry; Forests; Meteorology; Sulfates; Nitrates; Deposition; Precipitation; USA, East DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(02)00823-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pilot-scale evaluation of new resin application equipment for fiber-reinforced plastics AN - 16147983; 5564051 AB - Styrene is the monomer used as a cross-linking agent in the majority of fiber-reinforced plastics manufacturing processes. Its evaporation is undesirable from environmental, health and safety, and economic perspectives. The effect of a proprietary Fluid Impingement Technology super((TM)) (FIT super((TM))) nozzle, developed by Magnum Industries, on styrene emissions was evaluated and compared to other conventional application equipment-- conventional spray guns and flow coaters (operated at both low and high pressure). The FIT super((TM)) nozzle produced less styrene emissions during both gel coating and resin testing, with significant emissions reduction occurring during the application process. JF - Advances in Environmental Research AU - Nunez, C M AU - Bahner, MA AU - Ramsey, G H AU - Wright, R S AU - King, F G AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division, 86 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, nunez.carlos@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - Jan 2003 SP - 301 EP - 310 VL - 7 IS - 2 SN - 1093-0191, 1093-0191 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Styrene KW - Fibre-reienforced plastics KW - Fluid Impingement Technology(TM) nozzle KW - Manufacturing industry KW - Resins KW - Evaporation KW - Sprays KW - Environmental impact KW - Environmental health KW - Emission control KW - Economics KW - Emissions KW - Plastics KW - Industrial pollution KW - Occupational exposure KW - Pollution control KW - Technology KW - Coatings KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16147983?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=Pilot-scale+evaluation+of+new+resin+application+equipment+for+fiber-reinforced+plastics&rft.au=Nunez%2C+C+M%3BBahner%2C+MA%3BRamsey%2C+G+H%3BWright%2C+R+S%3BKing%2C+F+G&rft.aulast=Nunez&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=301&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Environmental+Research&rft.issn=10930191&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1093-0191%2801%2900134-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Styrene; Manufacturing industry; Resins; Evaporation; Sprays; Environmental impact; Environmental health; Emission control; Economics; Emissions; Plastics; Industrial pollution; Occupational exposure; Coatings; Technology; Pollution control DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1093-0191(01)00134-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A multilayer biochemical dry deposition model 2. Model evaluation AN - 16147232; 5571615 AB - The multilayer biochemical dry deposition model (MLBC) described in the accompanying paper was tested against half-hourly eddy correlation data from six field sites under a wide range of climate conditions with various plant types. Modeled CO sub(2), O sub(3), SO sub(2), and H sub(2)O (latent heat) fluxes were compared with measurements. Model outputs have good correlations with measurements at all locations. Correlation coefficients between model outputs and measurements at all sites range from 0.72 to 0.96 for CO sub(2) flux, from 0.84 to 0.98 for H sub(2)O flux, from 0.77 to 0.95 for O sub(3) flux, and from 0.36 to 0.86 for SO sub(2) flux. Model sensitivity analyses were conducted to investigate the variation of model outputs due to measurement errors of input variables and to changes of environmental conditions such as changes in weather conditions. The MLBC outputs were also compared with outputs from the Multilayer Model (MLM) model [Meyers et al. 1998] and the Regional Acid Deposition Model (RADM) [Wesely, 1989] at two typical sites. Comparisons show that the MLBC performs better than the other two models. The model is suitable for use in nationwide dry deposition networks, for example, the Clean Air Status And Trends Network (CASTNet). It can be used to assist in describing total pollutant loadings to major ecosystems. With some modifications, the model may also be suitable for inclusion in region (meso-) scale numerical models, for example, the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. D. Atmospheres AU - Wu, Y AU - Brashers, B AU - Finkelstein, P L AU - Pleim, JE AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - Jan 2003 VL - 108 IS - D1 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - CASTNet KW - CMAQ KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Citation No. 4014 KW - multiplayer KW - biochemical KW - dry KW - deposition KW - model KW - 0315 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Biosphere/atmosphere interactions KW - 0322 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Constituent sources and sinks KW - 3307 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Boundary layer processes KW - 3322 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Land/atmosphere interactions KW - 1615 Global Change: Biogeochemical processes (4805) KW - Mathematical models KW - Biochemistry KW - Atmospheric models KW - Air quality models KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Plants KW - Dry deposition KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Ozone KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.510.3/.4:Physical Properties/Composition (551.510.3/.4) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16147232?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=A+multilayer+biochemical+dry+deposition+model+2.+Model+evaluation&rft.au=Wu%2C+Y%3BBrashers%2C+B%3BFinkelstein%2C+P+L%3BPleim%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=D1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002JD002306 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication date refers to online publication. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biochemistry; Dry deposition; Air quality models; Atmospheric models; Mathematical models; Sulfur dioxide; Atmospheric chemistry; Plants; Carbon dioxide; Ozone DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002JD002306 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Leachability studies of trace metals from dredged sediments AN - 1429845302; 2013-069622 JF - Proceedings - International Conference on Remediation of Contaminated Sediments AU - Sass, Bruce AU - Chattopadhyay, Sandip AU - Barth, Edwin Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 EP - unpaginated PB - [varies], [varies] VL - 2 KW - United States KW - Chesapeake Bay KW - Baltimore County Maryland KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - dredging KW - sediments KW - ecology KW - Maryland KW - mobility KW - pH KW - soils KW - concentration KW - Baltimore Maryland KW - experimental studies KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - solubility KW - nearshore environment KW - dredged materials KW - volatiles KW - trace metals KW - chemical fractionation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1429845302?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Contaminated+Sediments&rft.atitle=Leachability+studies+of+trace+metals+from+dredged+sediments&rft.au=Sass%2C+Bruce%3BChattopadhyay%2C+Sandip%3BBarth%2C+Edwin&rft.aulast=Sass&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574771434&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Contaminated+Sediments&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international conference on Remediation of contaminated sediments N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-05 N1 - CODEN - #06496 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Baltimore County Maryland; Baltimore Maryland; chemical fractionation; Chesapeake Bay; concentration; dredged materials; dredging; ecology; environmental analysis; experimental studies; ground water; laboratory studies; Maryland; mobility; nearshore environment; pH; pollution; sediments; soils; solubility; surface water; trace metals; United States; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of fate and transport processes; comparing contaminant recovery with biological endpoint trends AN - 1429844873; 2013-069593 JF - Proceedings - International Conference on Remediation of Contaminated Sediments AU - Magar, Victor S AU - Davis, John W AU - Dekker, Tim AU - Erickson, Michael J AU - Matey, Dale AU - Patmont, Clayton R AU - Swindoll, Michael AU - Brenner, Richard AU - Zeller, Craig Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 EP - unpaginated PB - [varies], [varies] VL - 2 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - South Carolina KW - reclamation KW - PCBs KW - ecosystems KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - environmental management KW - transport KW - Lake Hartwell KW - sediments KW - natural attenuation KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Superfund sites KW - concentration KW - Pickens County South Carolina KW - monitoring KW - sediment transport KW - pollutants KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - standardization KW - decision-making KW - biota KW - habitat KW - organic compounds KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1429844873?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Contaminated+Sediments&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+fate+and+transport+processes%3B+comparing+contaminant+recovery+with+biological+endpoint+trends&rft.au=Magar%2C+Victor+S%3BDavis%2C+John+W%3BDekker%2C+Tim%3BErickson%2C+Michael+J%3BMatey%2C+Dale%3BPatmont%2C+Clayton+R%3BSwindoll%2C+Michael%3BBrenner%2C+Richard%3BZeller%2C+Craig&rft.aulast=Magar&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574771434&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Contaminated+Sediments&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international conference on Remediation of contaminated sediments N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-05 N1 - CODEN - #06496 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biota; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; decision-making; ecosystems; environmental analysis; environmental management; habitat; halogenated hydrocarbons; Lake Hartwell; monitoring; natural attenuation; organic compounds; PCBs; Pickens County South Carolina; pollutants; pollution; prediction; reclamation; remediation; sediment transport; sediments; South Carolina; standardization; Superfund sites; transport; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applying lessons learned from the Anacostia watershed to other contaminated watersheds AN - 1429844658; 2013-069660 JF - Proceedings - International Conference on Remediation of Contaminated Sediments AU - Buchman, Michael AU - Fritz, Alyce AU - Hahn, Simeon AU - DiNardo, Nick AU - Schultz, Cherie AU - Velinsky, David AU - McLaren, Patrick Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 EP - unpaginated PB - [varies], [varies] VL - 2 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Chesapeake Bay KW - PCBs KW - watersheds KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Maryland KW - estuarine environment KW - solid waste KW - hydrology KW - concentration KW - Virginia KW - Elizabeth River KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - models KW - Anacostia River basin KW - District of Columbia KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - waste disposal KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1429844658?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Contaminated+Sediments&rft.atitle=Applying+lessons+learned+from+the+Anacostia+watershed+to+other+contaminated+watersheds&rft.au=Buchman%2C+Michael%3BFritz%2C+Alyce%3BHahn%2C+Simeon%3BDiNardo%2C+Nick%3BSchultz%2C+Cherie%3BVelinsky%2C+David%3BMcLaren%2C+Patrick&rft.aulast=Buchman&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574771434&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Contaminated+Sediments&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international conference on Remediation of contaminated sediments N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-05 N1 - CODEN - #06496 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anacostia River basin; aromatic hydrocarbons; Chesapeake Bay; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; District of Columbia; Elizabeth River; estuarine environment; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; hydrology; Maryland; models; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; sediments; solid waste; United States; Virginia; waste disposal; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New U.S. technical guidelines for contaminated sediment remediation AN - 1429844643; 2013-069664 JF - Proceedings - International Conference on Remediation of Contaminated Sediments AU - Palermo, Michael R AU - Ells, Stephen J Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 EP - unpaginated PB - [varies], [varies] VL - 2 KW - soils KW - hazardous waste KW - Superfund KW - regulations KW - government agencies KW - waste disposal sites KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - standardization KW - U. S. Army Corps of Engineers KW - remediation KW - dredged materials KW - waste management KW - dredging KW - sediments KW - testing KW - manuals KW - chemical composition KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1429844643?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Contaminated+Sediments&rft.atitle=New+U.S.+technical+guidelines+for+contaminated+sediment+remediation&rft.au=Palermo%2C+Michael+R%3BElls%2C+Stephen+J&rft.aulast=Palermo&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574771434&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Contaminated+Sediments&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international conference on Remediation of contaminated sediments N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-05 N1 - CODEN - #06496 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical composition; dredged materials; dredging; government agencies; hazardous waste; manuals; pollution; regulations; remediation; sediments; soils; standardization; Superfund; testing; U. S. Army Corps of Engineers; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; waste disposal sites; waste management; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water pricing in England and Wales - institutions and objectives AN - 1024648034; 11660512 AB - Water pricing in England and Wales reflects a range of influences. Cost recovery is generally the primary influence over prices. The privatised public water supply sector dominates water usage. Water abstractions are licensed and allocated mainly on an administrative basis. Charges are levied to recover the water management costs of the licensing authority (the Environment Agency), and are not closely related to the scarcity of water resources, or the environmental impact of abstractions. Public water supplies are subject to price cap regulation. This provides incentives to reduce costs. Public water suppliers are expected to choose an optimal combination of water resource interventions in planning water supplies. The system of regulation has exposed choices. Tariffs for customers reflect company and regulatory concerns to share the burden of cost recovery equitably. Tariff innovation to influence behaviour has been limited by the low extent of metering of household customers. The cost recovery and institutional framework has led to discipline in investment decision-making. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Day, G AD - Office of Water Services, Centre City Tower, 7 Hill Street, Birmingham, B5 4UA, United Kingdom ( Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 33 EP - 41 PB - International Water Association (IWA), Alliance House 12 Caxton St. London SW1H 0QS United Kingdom, [mailto:water@iwahq.org] VL - 47 IS - 6 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Environmental Effects KW - Pricing KW - Prices KW - Licensing KW - Intervention KW - Water resources KW - Public Waters KW - Water supplies KW - British Isles, Wales KW - Costs KW - Regulations KW - Tariff KW - investments KW - British Isles, England KW - Environmental impact KW - scarcity KW - Water supply KW - Water management KW - Legal aspects KW - Legislation KW - Water Resources KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions KW - ENA 16:Renewable Resources-Water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1024648034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Water+pricing+in+England+and+Wales+-+institutions+and+objectives&rft.au=Day%2C+G&rft.aulast=Day&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.iwaponline.com/wst/toc.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-06-26 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pricing; Water management; Legal aspects; Licensing; Environmental impact; Water resources; Legislation; Water supply; investments; Intervention; scarcity; Water supplies; Environmental Effects; Costs; Prices; Regulations; Tariff; Public Waters; Water Resources; British Isles, England; British Isles, Wales ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predator demand for clupeid prey in Smith Mountain Lake, Virginia AN - 18927944; 5533189 AB - Bioenergetics modeling and estimated population densities were utilized to derive the mean annual food consumption of striped bass Morone saxatilis and largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides in Smith Mountain Lake, Virginia. Mean annual standing stock of striped bass and largemouth bass was determined to be 18 and 19 kg/ha, respectively. The striped bass population consumed an average of 48 kg/ha of alewife and 30 kg/ha of gizzard shad annually. Largemouth bass on average ate 9.5 kg/ha of alewife and 17 kg/ha of gizzard shad each year. Conversion efficiency for the largemouth bass population was 21% and 16% for striped bass. Largemouth bass and striped bass populations both realized 35% of their maximum consumptive rate during their growth seasons. JF - Fisheries Research (Amsterdam) AU - Cyterski, M AU - Ney, J AU - Duval, M AD - Environmental Protection Agency, 960 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30605, USA, cyterski.mike@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/12/30/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Dec 30 SP - 1 EP - 16 VL - 59 IS - 1-2 SN - 0165-7836, 0165-7836 KW - Largemouth bass KW - Rockfish KW - Striped bass KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Food organisms KW - USA, Virginia, Smith Mountain L. KW - Micropterus salmoides KW - Bioenergetics KW - Predation KW - Stock assessment KW - Population density KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Biomass KW - Food conversion KW - Food consumption KW - Morone saxatilis KW - Nutritional requirements KW - Commercial species KW - Q1 08425:Nutrition and feeding habits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18927944?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=Predator+demand+for+clupeid+prey+in+Smith+Mountain+Lake%2C+Virginia&rft.au=Cyterski%2C+M%3BNey%2C+J%3BDuval%2C+M&rft.aulast=Cyterski&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-12-30&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=01657836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0165-7836%2802%2900010-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Food consumption; Food organisms; Bioenergetics; Nutritional requirements; Stock assessment; Predation; Population density; Biomass; Freshwater fish; Commercial species; Food conversion; Morone saxatilis; Micropterus salmoides; USA, Virginia, Smith Mountain L.; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0165-7836(02)00010-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Xenoendocrine disrupters-tiered screening and testing Filling key data gaps AN - 20609240; 5567660 AB - The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is developing a screening and testing program for endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) to detect alterations of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) function, estrogen (ER), androgen (AR) and thyroid hormone synthesis and AR and ER receptor-mediated effects in mammals and other animals. High priority chemicals would be evaluated in the Tier 1 Screening (T1S) battery and chemicals positive in T1S would then be tested (Tier 2). T1S includes in vitro ER and AR receptor binding and/or gene expression, an assessment of steroidogenesis and mammalian (rat) and nonmammalian in vivo assays (Table 1). In vivo, the uterotropic assay detects estrogens and antiestrogens, while steroidogenesis, antithyroid activity, (anti)estrogenicity and HPG function are assessed in a `Pubertal Female Assay'. (Anti-) androgens are detected in the Hershberger Assay (weight of AR-dependent tissues in castrate-immature-male rats). Fish and amphibian assays also are being developed. The fathead minnow assay can identify EDCs displaying several mechanisms of concern, including AR and ER receptor agonists and antagonists and inhibitors of steroid hormone synthesis. An amphibian metamorphosis assay is being developed to detect thyroid-active substances. Several alternative mammalian in vivo assays have been proposed. Of these, a short-term pubertal male rat assay appears most promising. An in utero-lactational screening protocol also is being evaluated. For Tier 2, the numbers of endocrine sensitive endpoints and offspring (F1) examined in multigenerational tests need to be expanded for EDCs. Consideration should be given to tailoring T2, based on the results of T1S. Tier 1 and 2 also should examine relevant mixtures of EDCs. Toxicants that induce malformations in AR-dependent tissues produce cumulative effects even when two chemicals act via different mechanisms of action. JF - Toxicology AU - Gray, LE Jr AU - Ostby, J AU - Wilson, V AU - Lambright, C AU - Bobseine, K AU - Hartig, P AU - Hotchkiss, A AU - Wolf, C AU - Furr, J AU - Price, M AU - Parks, L AU - Cooper, R L AU - Stoker, TE AU - Laws, S C AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, NHEERL, ORD, USEPA, MD 72, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, gray.earl@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/12/27/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Dec 27 SP - 371 EP - 382 VL - 181-182 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - USA, Environmental Protection Agency KW - endocrine disruptors KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Mammals KW - Toxicants KW - Amphibiotic species KW - Government policy KW - Life cycle KW - Freshwater KW - Drug screening KW - Hormones KW - Sex hormones KW - Rats KW - Thyroid hormones KW - Assessments KW - Assay KW - Synthesis KW - Steroids KW - offspring KW - Testing Procedures KW - mammals KW - Screening KW - Biological development KW - Amphibians KW - Thyroid KW - Receptors KW - Environmental Protection KW - Steroid hormones KW - metamorphosis KW - amphibians KW - EPA KW - Bioassays KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Endocrinology KW - steroid hormones KW - Fish KW - Estrogen receptors KW - estrogens KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20609240?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Xenoendocrine+disrupters-tiered+screening+and+testing+Filling+key+data+gaps&rft.au=Gray%2C+LE+Jr%3BOstby%2C+J%3BWilson%2C+V%3BLambright%2C+C%3BBobseine%2C+K%3BHartig%2C+P%3BHotchkiss%2C+A%3BWolf%2C+C%3BFurr%2C+J%3BPrice%2C+M%3BParks%2C+L%3BCooper%2C+R+L%3BStoker%2C+TE%3BLaws%2C+S+C&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=LE&rft.date=2002-12-27&rft.volume=181-182&rft.issue=&rft.spage=371&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Screening; Biological development; Amphibiotic species; Endocrinology; Receptors; Life cycle; Steroids; Hormones; Sex hormones; Chemicals; Thyroid hormones; Bioassays; Government policy; Steroid hormones; Drug screening; Estrogen receptors; mammals; Toxicants; endocrine disruptors; Thyroid; metamorphosis; amphibians; Rats; EPA; steroid hormones; estrogens; offspring; Testing Procedures; Assessments; Mammals; Water Pollution Effects; Amphibians; Assay; Environmental Protection; Fish; Synthesis; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial Source Tracking: State of the Science AN - 19807950; 5801280 AB - Although water quality of the Nation's lakes, rivers and streams has been monitored for many decades and especially since the passage of the Clean Water Act in 1972, many still do not meet the Act's goal of "fishable and swimmable". While waterways can be impaired in numerous ways, the protection from pathogenic microbe contamination is most important for waters used for human recreation, drinking water and aquaculture. Typically, monitoring methods used for detecting potential pathogenic microorganisms in environmental waters are based upon cultivation and enumeration of fecal indicator bacteria (i.e. fecal coliforms, E. coli, and fecal enterococci). Currently, there is increasing interest in the potential for molecular fingerprinting methods to be used not only for detection but also for identification of fecal contamination sources. Molecular methods have been applied to study the microbial ecology of environmental systems for years and are now being applied to help improve our waters by identifying problem sources and determining the effect of implemented remedial solutions. Management and remediation of water pollution would be more cost-effective if the correct sources could be identified. This review provides an outline of the main methods that either have been used or have been suggested for use in microbial source tracking and some of the limitations associated with those methods. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Simpson, J M AU - Domingo, JWS AU - Reasoner, D J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., AWBERC Mail Stop 387, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA, santodomingo.jorge@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/12/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Dec 15 SP - 5279 EP - 5288 VL - 36 IS - 24 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Aquaculture KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Contamination KW - Escherichia coli KW - Drinking water KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - A 01108:Other water systems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19807950?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Microbial+Source+Tracking%3A+State+of+the+Science&rft.au=Simpson%2C+J+M%3BDomingo%2C+JWS%3BReasoner%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Simpson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-12-15&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=5279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes026000b LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Drinking water; Pollution monitoring; Contamination; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es026000b ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Release and Phase Partitioning of Metals from Anoxic Estuarine Sediments during Periods of Simulated Resuspension AN - 16171463; 5801286 AB - Periodically, marine sediments are subjected to physical processes which resuspend them into the water column, releasing previously sequestered metals. The role of resuspension energy and duration on release and subsequent redistribution of sediment bound metals was measured experimentally using a particle entrainment simulator. Two metal-contaminated anoxic sediments with different physical and chemical characteristics were resuspended for 12 h at energies of 2 and 5 dynes cm super(-2). Samples were taken at specified intervals, and the water column pH, Eh and dissolved oxygen levels were monitored continuously. Over time, metal concentrations increased in the particulate (nonfilterable . 1 km) and filterable (< 1 km) phases of the overlying water. In general, metal enrichment followed the Irving-Williams order of complex stability. Overall, the sediment's chemical and physical composition were major factors in determining the amount of metal released, more so than the level of resuspension energy applied. These results provide insight into how physical and chemical processes interact during sediment resuspension to release sediment bound metals and control their phase distribution in the water column. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Cantwell, M G AU - Burgess, R M AU - Kester AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health Effects Environmental Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882, USA, Cantwell.mark@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/12/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Dec 15 SP - 5328 EP - 5334 VL - 36 IS - 24 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Simulators KW - Physicochemical Properties KW - Heavy metals KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Estuarine sedimentation KW - Water column KW - Dissolved oxygen KW - Resuspended sediments KW - Chemical speciation KW - Brackishwater environment KW - Anoxic Conditions KW - Sediment chemistry KW - Sediment pollution KW - Suspended Sediments KW - Resuspension KW - Estuaries KW - Physicochemical properties KW - Brackish KW - Simulation KW - Heavy Metals KW - Fate KW - Anoxia KW - Anoxic sediments KW - Redox potential KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - Q2 09264:Sediments and sedimentation KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16171463?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Release+and+Phase+Partitioning+of+Metals+from+Anoxic+Estuarine+Sediments+during+Periods+of+Simulated+Resuspension&rft.au=Cantwell%2C+M+G%3BBurgess%2C+R+M%3BKester&rft.aulast=Cantwell&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-12-15&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=5328&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes0115058 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment pollution; Sediment chemistry; Simulators; Heavy metals; Resuspension; Physicochemical properties; Pollution dispersion; Estuaries; Simulation; Estuarine sedimentation; Dissolved oxygen; Fate; Water column; Anoxic sediments; Resuspended sediments; Chemical speciation; Brackishwater environment; Redox potential; Anoxia; Suspended Sediments; Physicochemical Properties; Anoxic Conditions; Heavy Metals; Brackish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es0115058 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Secondary aerosolization of viable Bacillus anthracis spores in a contaminated US Senate Office. AN - 72753014; 12472327 AB - Bioterrorist attacks involving letters and mail-handling systems in Washington, DC, resulted in Bacillus anthracis (anthrax) spore contamination in the Hart Senate Office Building and other facilities in the US Capitol's vicinity. To provide information about the nature and extent of indoor secondary aerosolization of B anthracis spores. Stationary and personal air samples, surface dust, and swab samples were collected under semiquiescent (minimal activities) and then simulated active office conditions to estimate secondary aerosolization of B anthracis spores. Nominal size characteristics, airborne concentrations, and surface contamination of B anthracis particles (colony-forming units) were evaluated. Viable B anthracis spores reaerosolized under semiquiescent conditions, with a marked increase in reaerosolization during simulated active office conditions. Increases were observed for B anthracis collected on open sheep blood agar plates (P<.001) and personal air monitors (P =.01) during active office conditions. More than 80% of the B anthracis particles collected on stationary monitors were within an alveolar respirable size range of 0.95 to 3.5 micro m. Bacillus anthracis spores used in a recent terrorist incident reaerosolized under common office activities. These findings have important implications for appropriate respiratory protection, remediation, and reoccupancy of contaminated office environments. JF - JAMA AU - Weis, Christopher P AU - Intrepido, Anthony J AU - Miller, Aubrey K AU - Cowin, Patricia G AU - Durno, Mark A AU - Gebhardt, Joan S AU - Bull, Robert AD - US Environmental Protection Agency National Enforcement Investigations Center, Denver Federal Center, Bldg 53, PO Box 25227, Denver, CO 80225, USA. weis.chris@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/12/11/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Dec 11 SP - 2853 EP - 2858 VL - 288 IS - 22 SN - 0098-7484, 0098-7484 KW - Aerosols KW - 0 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - District of Columbia KW - United States Government Agencies KW - Humans KW - Federal Government KW - Environmental Microbiology KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Spores, Bacterial KW - Air Pollution, Indoor KW - Workplace KW - Bioterrorism KW - Bacillus anthracis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72753014?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=JAMA&rft.atitle=Secondary+aerosolization+of+viable+Bacillus+anthracis+spores+in+a+contaminated+US+Senate+Office.&rft.au=Weis%2C+Christopher+P%3BIntrepido%2C+Anthony+J%3BMiller%2C+Aubrey+K%3BCowin%2C+Patricia+G%3BDurno%2C+Mark+A%3BGebhardt%2C+Joan+S%3BBull%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Weis&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2002-12-11&rft.volume=288&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=2853&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=JAMA&rft.issn=00987484&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-12-19 N1 - Date created - 2002-12-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exocrine pancreatic carcinogenesis in the guppy Poecilia reticulata. AN - 72832813; 12553447 AB - Exocrine pancreatic neoplasms developed in the guppy Poecilia reticulata following exposure to the direct-acting carcinogen methylazoxymethanol acetate (MAM-Ac). Fish 6 to 10 d old were exposed to nominal, non-toxic concentrations of 4 and 10 mg MAM-Ac l(-1) for 2 h and then transferred to carcinogen-free water for grow-out. Whole specimens were sampled monthly up to 9 mo post-exposure to follow the histologic progression of the lesions. No neoplasms occurred in 119 control specimens examined. Pancreatic acinar cell adenomas and carcinomas occurred in 42 of 243 (17%) of the specimens exposed to MAM-Ac. As in earlier studies, specimens exposed to the low MAM-Ac concentration exhibited a higher pancreatic neoplasm incidence (27.8%) than those exposed to the high concentration (7.8%). Acinar cell adenomas accounted for 27 of the 42 neoplasms. Adenomas exhibited a high degree of acinar cell differentiation and some contained foci of atypical acinar cells that were less differentiated and more basophilic than were surrounding adenoma cells. Carcinomas occurred in 15 specimens and exhibited a range of cellular patterns. Although no distant metastases were found, carcinomas tended to invade neighboring tissues and organs. The occurrence of carcinogen-induced pancreatic neoplasms in guppies strengthens the usefulness of small fish species in carcinogen testing and provides an additional model for studying pancreatic neoplasia. JF - Diseases of aquatic organisms AU - Fourni, John W AU - Hawkins, William E AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561, USA. fournie.john@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/12/10/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Dec 10 SP - 191 EP - 198 VL - 52 IS - 3 SN - 0177-5103, 0177-5103 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Methylazoxymethanol Acetate KW - 592-62-1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Pancreas -- pathology KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Time Factors KW - Methylazoxymethanol Acetate -- toxicity KW - Pancreatic Neoplasms -- veterinary KW - Carcinoma, Acinar Cell -- pathology KW - Fish Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Carcinoma, Acinar Cell -- veterinary KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Pancreatic Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Poecilia KW - Adenoma -- veterinary KW - Carcinoma, Acinar Cell -- chemically induced KW - Pancreatic Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Fish Diseases -- pathology KW - Adenoma -- chemically induced KW - Adenoma -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72832813?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Diseases+of+aquatic+organisms&rft.atitle=Exocrine+pancreatic+carcinogenesis+in+the+guppy+Poecilia+reticulata.&rft.au=Fourni%2C+John+W%3BHawkins%2C+William+E&rft.aulast=Fourni&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2002-12-10&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Diseases+of+aquatic+organisms&rft.issn=01775103&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-05-06 N1 - Date created - 2003-01-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The induction of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in the colons of rats by trihalomethanes administered in the drinking water. AN - 72137403; 12359347 AB - Bromodichloromethane (BDCM) and bromoform (TBM) have been demonstrated to be colon carcinogens in male and female F344/N rats following administration by corn oil gavage. Our chronic bioassay of BDCM administered in the drinking water failed to demonstrate colon cancer in male F344/N rats. In the present study we addressed the capability of trihalomethanes (THMs) administered in drinking water to induce aberrant crypt foci (ACF), early putative preneoplastic lesions, in the colons of male F344/N rats and B6C3F(1) mice. BDCM was tested in the A/J mouse strain. Rats and B6C3F(1) mice were exposed to isomolar concentrations of the THMs [0.5 g/l chloroform (TCM), 0.7 g/l BDCM, 0.9 g/l dibromochloromethane (DBCM), or 1.1 g/l (TBM)] for 13 weeks. A/J mice were exposed to 0.5 g/l BDCM in the drinking water for 13 and 30 weeks. Deionized water and 0.25% Alkamuls EL-620 were the negative and vehicle controls. ACF incidence (percent) and number (ACF/colon) for the rat were: combined controls, 0; AOM, 100%, 27.17+/-6.28 (P<0.01); TCM, 16.7%, 0.17+/-0.17; BDCM, 83.3%, 1.50+/-0.56 (P<0.01); DBCM, 50%, 1.17+/-0.65 (P<0.01); TBM, 66.7%, 1.17+/-0.40 (P<0.01). THM-induced ACF primarily occurred in the rectal segment of the colon (92%). No ACF were observed in the colons of B6C3F(1) mice following 13 weeks of THM treatment or in the colons of A/J mice following 13 and 30 weeks of BDCM exposure. These studies demonstrate that brominated THMs administered in the drinking water significantly induced preneoplastic ACF in the colon of rats. JF - Cancer letters AU - DeAngelo, Anthony B AU - Geter, David R AU - Rosenberg, Daniel W AU - Crary, C Ken AU - George, Michael H AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency MD-68, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. deangelo.anthony@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/12/10/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Dec 10 SP - 25 EP - 31 VL - 187 IS - 1-2 SN - 0304-3835, 0304-3835 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Trihalomethanes KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Water Supply KW - Mice KW - Male KW - Colon -- pathology KW - Precancerous Conditions -- chemically induced KW - Colon -- drug effects KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Trihalomethanes -- toxicity KW - Colonic Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Colonic Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Precancerous Conditions -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72137403?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+letters&rft.atitle=The+induction+of+aberrant+crypt+foci+%28ACF%29+in+the+colons+of+rats+by+trihalomethanes+administered+in+the+drinking+water.&rft.au=DeAngelo%2C+Anthony+B%3BGeter%2C+David+R%3BRosenberg%2C+Daniel+W%3BCrary%2C+C+Ken%3BGeorge%2C+Michael+H&rft.aulast=DeAngelo&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.date=2002-12-10&rft.volume=187&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+letters&rft.issn=03043835&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-06 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Secondary Aerosolization of Viable Bacillus anthracis Spores in a Contaminated US Senate Office. AN - 85225773; pmid-12472327 AB - CONTEXT: Bioterrorist attacks involving letters and mail-handling systems in Washington, DC, resulted in Bacillus anthracis (anthrax) spore contamination in the Hart Senate Office Building and other facilities in the US Capitol's vicinity. OBJECTIVE: To provide information about the nature and extent of indoor secondary aerosolization of B anthracis spores. DESIGN: Stationary and personal air samples, surface dust, and swab samples were collected under semiquiescent (minimal activities) and then simulated active office conditions to estimate secondary aerosolization of B anthracis spores. Nominal size characteristics, airborne concentrations, and surface contamination of B anthracis particles (colony-forming units) were evaluated. RESULTS: Viable B anthracis spores reaerosolized under semiquiescent conditions, with a marked increase in reaerosolization during simulated active office conditions. Increases were observed for B anthracis collected on open sheep blood agar plates (P<.001) and personal air monitors (P =.01) during active office conditions. More than 80% of the B anthracis particles collected on stationary monitors were within an alveolar respirable size range of 0.95 to 3.5 micro m. CONCLUSIONS: Bacillus anthracis spores used in a recent terrorist incident reaerosolized under common office activities. These findings have important implications for appropriate respiratory protection, remediation, and reoccupancy of contaminated office environments. JF - JAMA AU - Weis, Christopher P AU - Intrepido, Anthony J AU - Miller, Aubrey K AU - Cowin, Patricia G AU - Durno Mark A AU - Gebhardt, Joan S AU - Bull, Robert AD - US Environmental Protection Agency National Enforcement Investigations Center, Denver Federal Center, Bldg 53, PO Box 25227, Denver, CO 80225. PY - 2002 SP - 2853 EP - 2858 VL - 288 IS - 22 SN - 0098-7484, 0098-7484 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85225773?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=JAMA&rft.atitle=Secondary+Aerosolization+of+Viable+Bacillus+anthracis+Spores+in+a+Contaminated+US+Senate+Office.&rft.au=Weis%2C+Christopher+P%3BIntrepido%2C+Anthony+J%3BMiller%2C+Aubrey+K%3BCowin%2C+Patricia+G%3BDurno+Mark+A%3BGebhardt%2C+Joan+S%3BBull%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Weis&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=288&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=2853&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=JAMA&rft.issn=00987484&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A New Approach to Environmental Decision Analysis: Multi-Criteria Integrated Resource Assessment (MIRA) AN - 745688943; 12602177 AB - A new approach to environmental policy analysis is introduced that is designed to mitigate the exacerbation of environmental problems, which can result from the application of traditional approaches in environmental decision making. These approaches are problematic because they tend to rely on technical fixes, a single-discipline focus, and optimality. When such traditional approaches are applied, complex environmental problems are simplified beyond recognition, and the solution produced no longer matches the original problem. An alternative approach has been developed at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) that is designed to improve the utilization of scientific research results and data (social, physical, and biological) through a more inclusive problem-solving process aimed particularly at difficult and complex environmental issues. Using a policy application pertaining to the EPA's 1995 decision to approve a fuel additive, the authors illustrate how integrated environmental policy decision analysis can be made operational using this new approach. JF - Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society AU - Stahl, Cynthia H AU - Cimorelli, Alan J AU - Chow, Alice H AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region III and University of Delaware Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 SP - 443 EP - 459 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 22 IS - 6 SN - 0270-4676, 0270-4676 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - EPA KW - USA KW - Fuels KW - Environmental policy KW - Additives KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745688943?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Science%2C+Technology+%26+Society&rft.atitle=A+New+Approach+to+Environmental+Decision+Analysis%3A+Multi-Criteria+Integrated+Resource+Assessment+%28MIRA%29&rft.au=Stahl%2C+Cynthia+H%3BCimorelli%2C+Alan+J%3BChow%2C+Alice+H&rft.aulast=Stahl&rft.aufirst=Cynthia&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=443&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Science%2C+Technology+%26+Society&rft.issn=02704676&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F0270467602238888 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; Fuels; Additives; Environmental policy; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0270467602238888 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Heritable non-lethal damage to cultured human cells irradiated with heavy ions. AN - 72900985; 12793756 AB - During interplanetary flights the nuclei of all of a crew member's cells could be traversed by at least one high-LET (Linear Energy Transfer) cosmic-ray particle. In mammalian cells irradiated in vitro about 1 in 10,000 of the surviving cells traversed by heavy particles is transformed to malignancy or mutated. What, if anything, happens to the remaining >99% of surviving cells? A retrospective analysis of archived data and samples from heavy-ion irradiation experiments with cultured human cells in vitro indicated that heavy ions caused a dose- and LET-dependent reduction in growth rates of progeny of irradiated cells, based on colony-size distributions. The maximum action cross section for this effect is between 100 and 300 microm2, at least as large as the cell nuclear area and up to 3 times the cross section for cell killing. Thus, heritable slow growth is the most prevalent effect of high-LET radiations on cultured animal cells, which may have implications for crew health during deep space travel. The views expressed in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USEPA. JF - Journal of radiation research AU - Walker, James T AU - Todd, Paul AU - Walker, Olivia A AD - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Mail Code 8623-D, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Walker.James-Doctor@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - S187 EP - S191 VL - 43 Suppl SN - 0449-3060, 0449-3060 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Non-programmatic KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Retrospective Studies KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Linear Energy Transfer KW - Heavy Ions KW - Cells -- pathology KW - Cells -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72900985?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+radiation+research&rft.atitle=Heritable+non-lethal+damage+to+cultured+human+cells+irradiated+with+heavy+ions.&rft.au=Walker%2C+James+T%3BTodd%2C+Paul%3BWalker%2C+Olivia+A&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=43+Suppl&rft.issue=&rft.spage=S187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+radiation+research&rft.issn=04493060&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-07-15 N1 - Date created - 2003-06-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon monoxide and the nervous system. AN - 72869910; 12667497 AB - Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless, tasteless, odorless, and non-irritating gas formed when carbon in fuel is not burned completely. It enters the bloodstream through the lungs and attaches to hemoglobin (Hb), the body's oxygen carrier, forming carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) and thereby reducing oxygen (O(2)) delivery to the body's organs and tissues. High COHb concentrations are poisonous. Central nervous system (CNS) effects in individuals suffering acute CO poisoning cover a wide range, depending on severity of exposure: headache, dizziness, weakness, nausea, vomiting, disorientation, confusion, collapse, and coma. At lower concentrations, CNS effects include reduction in visual perception, manual dexterity, learning, driving performance, and attention level. Earlier work is frequently cited to justify the statement that CO exposure sufficient to produce COHb levels of ca. 5% would be sufficient to produce visual sensitivity reduction and various neurobehavioral performance deficits. In a recent literature re-evaluation, however, the best estimate was that [COHb] would have to rise to 15-20% before a 10% reduction in any behavioral or visual measurement could be observed. This conclusion was based on (1) critical review of the literature on behavioral and sensory effects, (2) review and interpretation of the physiological effects of COHb on the CNS, (3) extrapolation from the effects of hypoxic hypoxia to the effects of CO hypoxia, and (4) extrapolation from rat behavioral effects of CO to humans. Also covered in this review article are effects of chronic CO exposure, the discovery of neuroglobin, a summary of the relatively new role for endogenous CO in neurotransmission and vascular homeostasis, groups which might be especially sensitive to CO, and recommendations on further research. The interested reader is directed to other published reviews of the literature on CO and historically seminal references that form our understanding of this ubiquitous gas. JF - Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews AU - Raub, J A AU - Benignus, V A AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Mail Code B-243-01, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. raub.james@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 925 EP - 940 VL - 26 IS - 8 SN - 0149-7634, 0149-7634 KW - Carbon Monoxide KW - 7U1EE4V452 KW - Carboxyhemoglobin KW - 9061-29-4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Carboxyhemoglobin -- metabolism KW - Carbon Monoxide Poisoning -- physiopathology KW - Animals KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Retrospective Studies KW - Vision, Ocular -- drug effects KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Vision, Ocular -- physiology KW - Carbon Monoxide -- pharmacology KW - Carbon Monoxide -- blood KW - Behavior -- drug effects KW - Central Nervous System -- physiology KW - Central Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Nervous System Physiological Phenomena KW - Behavior -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72869910?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuroscience+and+biobehavioral+reviews&rft.atitle=Carbon+monoxide+and+the+nervous+system.&rft.au=Raub%2C+J+A%3BBenignus%2C+V+A&rft.aulast=Raub&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=925&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuroscience+and+biobehavioral+reviews&rft.issn=01497634&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-06-16 N1 - Date created - 2003-04-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methyl parathion in residential properties: relocation and decontamination methodology. AN - 72865600; 12634141 AB - In November 1994 methyl parathion (MP), a restricted agricultural pesticide, was discovered to have been illegally sprayed within hundreds of residences in Lorain County, Ohio. Surface levels and air concentrations of MP revealed detectable levels of the pesticide 3 years after spraying. Because of the high toxicity of MP (lethal dose to 50% of rats tested [LD50] = 15 mg/kg) and long half-life indoors, risk-based relocation and decontamination criteria were created. Relocation criteria were derived based on levels of p-nitrophenol in urine, a metabolic byproduct of MP exposure. In Ohio, concentrations of MP on surfaces and in the air were also used to trigger relocations. The criteria applied in Ohio underwent refinement as cases of MP misuse were found in Mississippi and then in several other states. The MP investigation (1994-1997) was the largest pesticide misuse case in the nation, ultimately involving the sampling of 9,000 residences and the decontamination of 1,000 properties. This article describes the methodology used for relocation of residents and decontamination of properties having MP. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Clark, J Milton AU - Bing-Canar, John AU - Renninger, Steve AU - Dollhopf, Ralph AU - El-Zein, Jason AU - Star, Dave AU - Zimmerman, Dea AU - Anisuzzaman, Abul AU - Boylan, Kathline AU - Tomaszewski, Terrence AU - Pearce, Ken AU - Yacovac, Rebecca AU - Erlwein, Bobby AU - Ward, John AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Chicago, Illinois 60604, USA. clark.jmilton@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 1061 EP - 1070 VL - 110 Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Nitrophenols KW - Methyl Parathion KW - 41BCL2O91D KW - 4-nitrophenol KW - Y92ZL45L4R KW - Index Medicus KW - Air Pollution, Indoor KW - Humans KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Aged KW - Child KW - Risk Assessment KW - Child, Preschool KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Infant KW - Nitrophenols -- urine KW - Transportation KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Female KW - Ohio KW - Insect Control KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Insecticides -- adverse effects KW - Housing KW - Methyl Parathion -- adverse effects KW - Public Policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72865600?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Methyl+parathion+in+residential+properties%3A+relocation+and+decontamination+methodology.&rft.au=Clark%2C+J+Milton%3BBing-Canar%2C+John%3BRenninger%2C+Steve%3BDollhopf%2C+Ralph%3BEl-Zein%2C+Jason%3BStar%2C+Dave%3BZimmerman%2C+Dea%3BAnisuzzaman%2C+Abul%3BBoylan%2C+Kathline%3BTomaszewski%2C+Terrence%3BPearce%2C+Ken%3BYacovac%2C+Rebecca%3BErlwein%2C+Bobby%3BWard%2C+John&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=110+Suppl+6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1061&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-05-06 N1 - Date created - 2003-03-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Environ Health Perspect. 2000 Jun;108(6):505-14 [10856023] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1960 Jan;2:88-99 [13825957] Environ Health Perspect. 2002 Dec;110 Suppl 6:1041-6 [12634137] Environ Health Perspect. 2002 Dec;110 Suppl 6:1071-4 [12634142] Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1974 May;2(2):117-29 [4851905] Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1975;3(3):289-306 [1190841] Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1977;6(2-3):159-73 [900999] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1982 Oct;29(4):461-8 [7171857] Ann Emerg Med. 1987 Feb;16(2):193-202 [3541700] Arch Environ Health. 1988 Jan-Feb;43(1):38-45 [3355242] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1988 Sep-Oct;10(5):429-34 [3247000] Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1990 Jan;51(1):23-7 [1689096] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1990 Mar-Apr;12(2):125-7 [2333063] Lancet. 1991 Jul 27;338(8761):223-7 [1676786] Lancet. 1995 May 6;345(8958):1135-9 [7723544] Arch Environ Health. 1961 Oct;3:476-85 [13862642] Arch Environ Health. 1995 Nov-Dec;50(6):440-4 [8572722] Occup Environ Med. 1995 Oct;52(10):648-53 [7489054] Environ Health Perspect. 2002 Dec;110 Suppl 6:1037-40 [12634136] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a research strategy for integrated technology-based toxicological and chemical evaluation of complex mixtures of drinking water disinfection byproducts. AN - 72863880; 12634133 AB - Chemical disinfection of water is a major public health triumph of the 20th century. Dramatic decreases in both morbidity and mortality of waterborne diseases are a direct result of water disinfection. With these important public health benefits comes low-level, chronic exposure to a very large number of disinfection byproducts (DBPs), chemicals formed through reaction of the chemical disinfectant with naturally occurring inorganic and organic material in the source water. This article provides an overview of joint research planning by scientists residing within the various organizations of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development. The purpose is to address concerns related to potential health effects from exposure to DBPs that cannot be addressed directly from toxicological studies of individual DBPs or simple DBP mixtures. Two factors motivate the need for such an investigation of complex mixtures of DBPs: a) a significant amount of the material that makes up the total organic halide and total organic carbon portions of the DBPs has not been identified; and b) epidemiologic data, although not conclusive, are suggestive of potential developmental, reproductive, or carcinogenic health effects in humans exposed to DBPs. The plan is being developed and the experiments necessary to determine the feasibility of its implementation are being conducted by scientists from the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, the National Risk Management Research Laboratory, the National Exposure Research Laboratory, and the National Center for Environmental Assessment. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Simmons, Jane Ellen AU - Richardson, Susan D AU - Speth, Thomas F AU - Miltner, Richard J AU - Rice, Glenn AU - Schenck, Kathleen M AU - Hunter, E Sidney AU - Teuschler, Linda K AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. simmons.jane@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 1013 EP - 1024 VL - 110 Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Chlorine Compounds KW - 0 KW - Disinfectants KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Drug Interactions KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Chemistry Techniques, Analytical -- methods KW - Toxicology -- trends KW - Humans KW - Program Development KW - Research Design KW - Interprofessional Relations KW - Risk Assessment KW - Osmosis KW - Disinfectants -- adverse effects KW - Public Health KW - Chlorine Compounds -- adverse effects KW - Water Supply KW - Chlorine Compounds -- analysis KW - Water Purification KW - Disinfectants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72863880?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+research+strategy+for+integrated+technology-based+toxicological+and+chemical+evaluation+of+complex+mixtures+of+drinking+water+disinfection+byproducts.&rft.au=Simmons%2C+Jane+Ellen%3BRichardson%2C+Susan+D%3BSpeth%2C+Thomas+F%3BMiltner%2C+Richard+J%3BRice%2C+Glenn%3BSchenck%2C+Kathleen+M%3BHunter%2C+E+Sidney%3BTeuschler%2C+Linda+K&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=Jane&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=110+Suppl+6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1013&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-05-06 N1 - Date created - 2003-03-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Reprod Toxicol. 2001 Jan-Feb;15(1):61-9 [11137379] Toxicology. 2000 Jun 8;147(2):109-31 [10874158] Environ Sci Technol. 2002 May 1;36(9):198A-205A [12026983] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1978 Sep-Nov;4(5-6):919-38 [569710] Food Cosmet Toxicol. 1979 Aug;17(4):343-7 [520968] Environ Health Perspect. 1982 Dec;46:215-27 [7151763] J Theor Biol. 1985 Jun 7;114(3):413-31 [4021503] Epidemiology. 1992 Sep;3(5):407-13 [1391132] Am J Epidemiol. 1993 Oct 1;138(7):492-501 [8213753] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1994 Nov;43(3):305-25 [7966440] Am J Epidemiol. 1995 May 1;141(9):850-62 [7717362] Cancer Causes Control. 1996 Nov;7(6):596-604 [8932920] Teratology. 1996 Aug;54(2):57-64 [8948541] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1997 May;144(1):183-8 [9169083] Cancer Causes Control. 1997 Sep;8(5):738-44 [9328196] Epidemiology. 1998 Jan;9(1):21-8 [9430264] Cancer Causes Control. 1997 May;8(3):292-308 [9498894] Epidemiology. 1998 Mar;9(2):134-40 [9504280] Epidemiology. 1998 Sep;9(5):484-9 [9730025] Epidemiology. 1999 Jul;10(4):383-90 [10401872] Toxicol Sci. 2001 Feb;59(2):309-15 [11158724] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - QSARs for identifying and prioritizing substances with persistence and bioconcentration potential. AN - 72842395; 12570048 AB - From the 8511 chemicals with 1998 production volumes reported to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), the TSCA Interagency Testing Committee's (ITC's) Degradation Effects Bioconcentration Information Testing Strategies (DEBITS) was used to identify 56 chemicals. The DEBITS Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSARs) and the U.S. EPA's PBT profiler QSARs were used to predict the persistence and bioconcentration factors of these 56 chemicals. Partial order ranking was used to prioritise the chemicals based on persistence and bioconcentration potential. JF - SAR and QSAR in environmental research AU - Walker, J D AU - Carlsen, L AD - TSCA Interagency Testing Committee (ITC), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (7401M), 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20460, USA. walker.johnd@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 713 EP - 725 VL - 13 IS - 7-8 SN - 1062-936X, 1062-936X KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Reference Values KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Risk Assessment KW - Biological Availability KW - Environmental Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72842395?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.atitle=QSARs+for+identifying+and+prioritizing+substances+with+persistence+and+bioconcentration+potential.&rft.au=Walker%2C+J+D%3BCarlsen%2C+L&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=7-8&rft.spage=713&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.issn=1062936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-02-25 N1 - Date created - 2003-02-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methodology for siting ambient air monitors at the neighborhood scale. AN - 72827908; 12540048 AB - In siting a monitor to measure compliance with U.S. National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for particulate matter (PM), there is a need to characterize variations in PM concentration within a neighborhood-scale region to achieve monitor siting objectives. A simple methodology is provided here for the selection of a neighborhood-scale site for meeting either of the two objectives identified for PM monitoring. This methodology is based on analyzing middle-scale (from 100 to 500 m) data from within the area of interest. The required data can be obtained from widely available dispersion models and emissions databases. The performance of the siting methodology was evaluated in a neighborhood-scale field study conducted in Hudson County, NJ, to characterize the area's inhalable particulate (PM10) concentrations. Air monitors were located within a 2- by 2-km area in the vicinity of the Lincoln Tunnel entrance in Hudson County. Results indicate the siting methodology performed well, providing a positive relationship between the predicted concentration rank at each site and the actual rank experienced during the field study. Also discussed are factors that adversely affected the predictive capabilities of the model. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995) AU - Baldauf, Richard W AU - Wiener, Russell W AU - Heist, David K AD - Office of Transportation and Air Quality, US Environmental Protection Agency, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 1433 EP - 1442 VL - 52 IS - 12 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Specimen Handling KW - Databases, Factual KW - Air Movements KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72827908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.atitle=Methodology+for+siting+ambient+air+monitors+at+the+neighborhood+scale.&rft.au=Baldauf%2C+Richard+W%3BWiener%2C+Russell+W%3BHeist%2C+David+K&rft.aulast=Baldauf&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-02-11 N1 - Date created - 2003-01-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Airborne particulate-associated polyaromatic hydrocarbons, n-alkanes, elemental and organic carbon in three European cities. AN - 72806270; 12509041 AB - Total suspended particulate (TSP) samples were collected weekly over a period of one year at four European sites during 1995/6. Two sites were in London-a Central London site (CL, St Paul's Cathedral) and a suburban North London site (NL, Bounds Green); the other two sites were in Porto, Portugal and Vienna, Austria. TSP was collected using a low volume sampler. Organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) concentrations were measured using a thermal-optical carbon analyser. Parallel samplers collected TSP for subsequent GC-MS analysis of thirty-nine combustion-associated organic compounds; 16 polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 23 n-alkanes. OC and EC correlate well at all sites (r2 = 0.39-0.65), although the London inter-site correlations were low, suggesting that local sources of OC and EC have a significant influence on local concentrations. Concentrations do not vary widely across the four urban sites, despite the significant differences in urban characteristics. Seasonal patterns of OC:EC ratios were similar at the London and Vienna sites, with highest ratios in autumn and winter, and annual mean OC:EC ratios were identical at these sites. The Carbon Preference Index (CPI) indicated vehicle emissions to have a stronger influence over particulate concentrations at the Vienna and central London sites; there was a stronger biogenic signature in north London and Porto. In addition, two PAH compounds (pyrene and fluoranthene) previously associated with diesel exhaust, were correlated with OC and EC concentrations at the London and Vienna sites. JF - Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM AU - Kendall, Michaela AU - Duarte, Armando AU - Rocha-Santos, Teresa AU - Hamilton, Ron AU - Williams, Ian AD - US EPA Particulate Matter Center, Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, NYU, 57 Old Forge Road, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA. Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 890 EP - 896 VL - 4 IS - 6 SN - 1464-0325, 1464-0325 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Alkanes KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Portugal KW - Cities KW - Seasons KW - Austria KW - London KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Vehicle Emissions -- analysis KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- analysis KW - Carbon -- analysis KW - Alkanes -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72806270?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+monitoring+%3A+JEM&rft.atitle=Airborne+particulate-associated+polyaromatic+hydrocarbons%2C+n-alkanes%2C+elemental+and+organic+carbon+in+three+European+cities.&rft.au=Kendall%2C+Michaela%3BDuarte%2C+Armando%3BRocha-Santos%2C+Teresa%3BHamilton%2C+Ron%3BWilliams%2C+Ian&rft.aulast=Kendall&rft.aufirst=Michaela&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=890&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+monitoring+%3A+JEM&rft.issn=14640325&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-01 N1 - Date created - 2003-01-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An approach to integrated ecological assessment of resource condition: the Mid-Atlantic estuaries as a case study. AN - 72800390; 12503496 AB - The complex and interconnected nature of ecological systems often makes it difficult to understand and prevent multiresource, multistressor problems. This article describes a process to assess ecological condition at regional scales. The article also describes how the approach was applied to the Mid-Atlantic estuaries, where it focused on characterizing the current state of the environment rather than on predicting future effects from humans. The necessity for iteration during the exercise showed how important it was to identify the purpose of the assessment and its users, that appropriate, consistent data are lacking for large-scale assessments, and that it remains a challenge to communicate succinctly the results of such an assessment. JF - Journal of environmental management AU - Brown, Barbara S AU - Munns, Wayne R AU - Paul, John F AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, 27 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA. brown.barbara@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 411 EP - 427 VL - 66 IS - 4 SN - 0301-4797, 0301-4797 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Forecasting KW - Social Conditions KW - Risk Assessment KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Ecology KW - Population Dynamics KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72800390?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+management&rft.atitle=An+approach+to+integrated+ecological+assessment+of+resource+condition%3A+the+Mid-Atlantic+estuaries+as+a+case+study.&rft.au=Brown%2C+Barbara+S%3BMunns%2C+Wayne+R%3BPaul%2C+John+F&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=411&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+management&rft.issn=03014797&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-01 N1 - Date created - 2002-12-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring of particulate matter outdoors. AN - 72779600; 12492163 AB - Recent studies of the size and composition of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) have demonstrated the usefulness of separating atmospheric PM into its fine and coarse components. The need to measure the mass and composition of fine and coarse PM separately has been emphasized by research in exposure, epidemiology, and toxicology of atmospheric PM. This paper provides a background on the size distribution and properties of PM relevant to the differences between fine and coarse particles. Various decisions that must be made when deciding how to separate, collect, and measure PM are discussed. Techniques for monitoring fine and coarse particles, including the US Federal Reference Method for PM2.5 and several techniques for PM10-2.5, are presented. Problems encountered in collecting semivolatile PM and in weighing atmospheric PM collected on a filter are described. Continuous monitoring methods for PM mass and for PM components (carbon, nitrate, and sulfate) are described and brief descriptions are given of analytical techniques for the chemical characterization of collected PM. This information should be especially useful for environmental workers familiar with monitoring methods for total suspended particles or PM10 but who will need to measure PM2, and PM10-2.5 in the future. JF - Chemosphere AU - Wilson, W E AU - Chow, Judith C AU - Claiborn, Candis AU - Fusheng, Wei AU - Engelbrecht, Johann AU - Watson, John G AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, MD-B243-0l, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. wilson.william@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 1009 EP - 1043 VL - 49 IS - 9 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Nitrates KW - Sulfates KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Chemistry Techniques, Analytical -- methods KW - Sulfates -- analysis KW - Particle Size KW - Humans KW - Volatilization KW - Carbon -- analysis KW - Nitrates -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72779600?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Monitoring+of+particulate+matter+outdoors.&rft.au=Wilson%2C+W+E%3BChow%2C+Judith+C%3BClaiborn%2C+Candis%3BFusheng%2C+Wei%3BEngelbrecht%2C+Johann%3BWatson%2C+John+G&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1009&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-03-11 N1 - Date created - 2002-12-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrogen trace gas emissions from a riparian ecosystem in southern Appalachia. AN - 72775766; 12489736 AB - In this paper, we present two years of seasonal nitric oxide (NO), ammonia (NH3), and nitrous oxide (N2O) trace gas fluxes measured in a recovering riparian zone with cattle excluded and adjacent riparian zone grazed by cattle. In the recovering riparian zone, average NO, NH3, and N2O fluxes were 5.8, 2.0, and 76.7 ng N m(-2) S(-1) (1.83, 0.63, and 24.19 kg N ha(-1) y(-1)), respectively. Fluxes in the grazed riparian zone were larger, especially for NO and NH3, measuring 9.1, 4.3, and 77.6 ng N m(-2) S(-1) (2.87, 1.35, and 24.50 kg N ha(-1) y(-1)) for NO, NH3, and N2O, respectively. On average, N2O accounted for greater than 85% of total trace gas flux in both the recovering and grazed riparian zones, though N2O fluxes were highly variable temporally. In the recovering riparian zone, variability in seasonal average fluxes was explained by variability in soil nitrogen (N) concentrations. Nitric oxide flux was positively correlated with soil ammonium (NH4+) concentration, while N2O flux was positively correlated with soil nitrate (NO3-) concentration. Ammonia flux was positively correlated with the ratio of NH4+ to NO3-. In the grazed riparian zone, average NH3 and N2O fluxes were not correlated with soil temperature, N concentrations, or moisture. This was likely due to high variability in soil microsite conditions related to cattle effects such as compaction and N input. Nitric oxide flux in the grazed riparian zone was positively correlated with soil temperature and NO3- concentration. Restoration appeared to significantly affect NO flux, which increased approximately 600% during the first year following restoration and decreased during the second year to levels encountered at the onset of restoration. By comparing the ratio of total trace gas flux to soil N concentration, we show that the restored riparian zone is likely more efficient than the grazed riparian zone at diverting upper-soil N from the receiving stream to the atmosphere. This is likely due to the recovery of microbiological communities following changes in soil physical characteristics. JF - Chemosphere AU - Walker, John T AU - Geron, Christopher D AU - Vose, James M AU - Swank, Wayne T AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, MD-63, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. walker.johnt@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 1389 EP - 1398 VL - 49 IS - 10 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Gases KW - 0 KW - Nitrogen Oxides KW - Nitrogen KW - N762921K75 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Soil Microbiology KW - Trees KW - Appalachian Region KW - Ecosystem KW - Nitrogen -- analysis KW - Nitrogen Oxides -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72775766?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Nitrogen+trace+gas+emissions+from+a+riparian+ecosystem+in+southern+Appalachia.&rft.au=Walker%2C+John+T%3BGeron%2C+Christopher+D%3BVose%2C+James+M%3BSwank%2C+Wayne+T&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1389&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-03-11 N1 - Date created - 2002-12-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Snails as biomonitors of oil-spill and bioremediation strategies AN - 51978102; 2003-044460 JF - Bioremediation Journal AU - Lee, L E J AU - Stassen, J AU - McDonald, A AU - Culshaw, C AU - Venosa, A D AU - Lee, K Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 373 EP - 386 PB - CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton, FL VL - 6 IS - 4 SN - 1088-9868, 1088-9868 KW - North America KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - marshes KW - pollution KW - bioassays KW - fresh-water environment KW - indicators KW - bioremediation KW - biota KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - bioaccumulation KW - habitat KW - mires KW - toxicity KW - wetlands KW - Saint Lawrence River KW - oil spills KW - aquatic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51978102?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation+Journal&rft.atitle=Snails+as+biomonitors+of+oil-spill+and+bioremediation+strategies&rft.au=Lee%2C+L+E+J%3BStassen%2C+J%3BMcDonald%2C+A%3BCulshaw%2C+C%3BVenosa%2C+A+D%3BLee%2C+K&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=L+E&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=373&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation+Journal&rft.issn=10889868&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713400853 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 52 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; bioaccumulation; bioassays; biodegradation; bioremediation; biota; experimental studies; fresh-water environment; ground water; habitat; indicators; marshes; mires; monitoring; North America; oil spills; pollution; remediation; Saint Lawrence River; toxicity; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Controlled release, blind tests of DNAPL characterization using partitioning tracers AN - 51161459; 2003-013119 AB - The partitioning tracer technique for dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) characterization was evaluated in an isolated test cell, in which controlled releases of perchloroethylene (PCE) had occurred. Four partitioning tracer tests were conducted, two using an inverted, double five-spot pumping pattern, and two using vertical circulation wells. Two of the four tests were conducted prior to remedial activities, and two were conducted after. Each test was conducted as a "blind test" where researchers conducting the partitioning tracer tests had no knowledge of the volume, method of release, nor resulting spatial distribution of DNAPL. Multiple partitioning tracers were used in each test, and the DNAPL volume estimates varied significantly within each test based on the different partitioning tracers. The tracers with large partitioning coefficients generally predicted a smaller volume of PCE than that expected based on the actual release volume. However, these predictions were made for low DNAPL saturations (average saturation was approximately 0.003), under conditions near the limits of the method's application. Furthermore, there were several factors that may have hindered prediction accuracy, including tracer degradation and remedial fluid interference. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Brooks, Michael C AU - Annable, Michael D AU - Rao, P Suresh C AU - Hatfield, Kirk AU - Jawitz, James W AU - Wise, William R AU - Wood, A Lynn AU - Enfield, Carl G Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 187 EP - 210 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 59 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - degradation KW - contaminant plumes KW - characterization KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - remediation KW - partitioning KW - laboratory studies KW - solvents KW - tracers KW - hydrodynamics KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - mobility KW - uncertainty KW - disposal barriers KW - experimental studies KW - injection KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - saturation KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51161459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Controlled+release%2C+blind+tests+of+DNAPL+characterization+using+partitioning+tracers&rft.au=Brooks%2C+Michael+C%3BAnnable%2C+Michael+D%3BRao%2C+P+Suresh+C%3BHatfield%2C+Kirk%3BJawitz%2C+James+W%3BWise%2C+William+R%3BWood%2C+A+Lynn%3BEnfield%2C+Carl+G&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - characterization; chlorinated hydrocarbons; contaminant plumes; degradation; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; disposal barriers; experimental studies; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrodynamics; injection; laboratory studies; migration of elements; mobility; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; partitioning; physical properties; pollution; prediction; remediation; saturation; solvents; tetrachloroethylene; tracers; uncertainty; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating quantitative formulas for dose-response assessment of chemical mixtures. AN - 21279082; 11702302 AB - Risk assessment formulas are often distinguished from dose-response models by being rough but necessary. The evaluation of these rough formulas is described here, using the example of mixture risk assessment. Two conditions make the dose-response part of mixture risk assessment difficult, lack of data on mixture dose-response relationships, and the need to address risk from combinations of chemicals because of public demands and statutory requirements. Consequently, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has developed methods for carrying out quantitative dose-response assessment for chemical mixtures that require information only on the toxicity of single chemicals and of chemical pair interactions. These formulas are based on plausible ideas and default parameters but minimal supporting data on whole mixtures. Because of this lack of mixture data, the usual evaluation of accuracy (predicted vs. observed) cannot be performed. Two approaches to the evaluation of such formulas are to consider fundamental biological concepts that support the quantitative formulas (e.g., toxicologic similarity) and to determine how well the proposed method performs under simplifying constraints (e.g., as the toxicologic interactions disappear). These ideas are illustrated using dose addition and two weight-of-evidence formulas for incorporating toxicologic interactions. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Hertzberg, Richard C AU - Teuschler, Linda K AD - Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA., hertzberg.rick@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 SP - 965 EP - 970 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 110 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - EPA KW - USA KW - Dose-response effects KW - Toxicity KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - R2 23050:Environment KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21279082?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Evaluating+quantitative+formulas+for+dose-response+assessment+of+chemical+mixtures.&rft.au=Hertzberg%2C+Richard+C%3BTeuschler%2C+Linda+K&rft.aulast=Hertzberg&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=965&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; EPA; Dose-response effects; Toxicity; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of UV Irradiation on Organic Matter Extracted from Treated Ohio River Water Studied through the Use of Electrospray Mass Spectrometry AN - 20591240; 5652995 AB - Ohio River water was treated by settling, sand filtration, and granular activated carbon filtration. It was then irradiated by low-pressure (monochromatic) and medium-pressure (polychromatic) UV lamps to investigate the effects of UV irradiation on the extracted organic matter (EOM). When the EOM, collected by solid phase extraction cartridges, was analyzed by conventional UV spectroscopy and size exclusion chromatography (SEC), no significant changes in the EOM were revealed for various UV doses. Positive and negative electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) of the EOM produced mass spectra that vary significantly with UV dose. The UV dosage conditions also appear to affect the reactivity of the EOM to subsequent chlorination. The magnitude of the spectral changes is generally greater for medium-pressure lamps than for low pressure and increases with UV exposure. Based on the observed MS peaks, the changes may be due to the presence of lignin, resulting perhaps from photooxidation and/or photorearrangement of macromolecules in the sample. When chlorination is used for secondary disinfection, these results suggest that it may be important to consider the effects of UV irradiation on the organic matter in the water before applying UV disinfection technology to a particular source water. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Magnuson, M L AU - Kelty, CA AU - Sharpless, C M AU - Linden, K G AU - Fromme, W AU - Metz, D H AU - Kashinkunti, R AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Water Supply and Water Resources Division, Treatment Technology Evaluation Branch, 26 W. Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA, Magnuson.Matthew@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/12/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Dec 01 SP - 5252 EP - 5260 VL - 36 IS - 23 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Mass Spectrometry KW - Radiation (-general-) KW - Disinfection KW - Treated Water KW - Chromatographic techniques KW - Spectral Analysis KW - Environmental sciences KW - Mass spectrometry KW - Spectroscopy KW - Environmental factors KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Organic Matter KW - Water treatment KW - Dose-response effects KW - Ultraviolet radiation KW - Water Treatment KW - Spectrometry (Mass) KW - USA, Ohio R. KW - Abiotic factors KW - Molecular Structure KW - Chromatography KW - Organic matter KW - Doses and dosing KW - Water pollution KW - Ultraviolet Radiation KW - Light effects KW - Filtration KW - River water KW - Analytical Methods KW - Irradiation KW - Photooxidation KW - USA, Kentucky, Ohio R. KW - Chlorination KW - Ionization KW - M2 556.5:Surface Water Hydrology (556.5) KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20591240?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+UV+Irradiation+on+Organic+Matter+Extracted+from+Treated+Ohio+River+Water+Studied+through+the+Use+of+Electrospray+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.au=Magnuson%2C+M+L%3BKelty%2C+CA%3BSharpless%2C+C+M%3BLinden%2C+K+G%3BFromme%2C+W%3BMetz%2C+D+H%3BKashinkunti%2C+R&rft.aulast=Magnuson&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=5252&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Disinfection; Filtration; River water; Chromatographic techniques; Organic matter; Ultraviolet radiation; Chlorination; Environmental factors; Water pollution; Mass spectroscopy; Light effects; Abiotic factors; Chromatography; Photooxidation; Environmental sciences; Mass spectrometry; Spectroscopy; Ionization; Water treatment; Dose-response effects; Irradiation; Radiation (-general-); Spectrometry (Mass); Doses and dosing; Molecular Structure; Mass Spectrometry; Organic Matter; Treated Water; Analytical Methods; Spectral Analysis; Water Treatment; Ultraviolet Radiation; USA, Kentucky, Ohio R.; USA, Ohio R. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhanced Contact of Cosolvent and DNAPL in Porous Media by Concurrent Injection of Cosolvent and Air AN - 19936224; 5652993 AB - Dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) contamination is a major environmental problem. Cosolvent flooding is proposed as a remedial alternative to water flooding. The efficacy of cosolvent flooding is a function of the degree of contact between the injected remedial fluid and the resident DNAPL. Poor contact may result from remedial fluids traveling in preferential flow paths which bypass trapped DNAPL. Thus, the motivation for this study was to use the preferential flow of air in porous media to enhance contact between the injected cosolvent and resident DNAPL. The study evaluated concurrent injection of cosolvent and air to improve the spatial extent of DNAPL removal in porous media. A 70% ethanol/30% water (v/v) cosolvent was injected simultaneously with air into a micromodel containing residual tetrachloroethylene (PCE). Double drainage displacement was observed as a dominant DNAPL removal mechanism in the initial period of the cosolvent-air flooding (i.e., gas displaced PCE that displaced water). The residual PCE residing in the preferential paths traversed by air was readily displaced. In addition to this initial PCE mobilization, air flowing through the preferential flow paths displaced cosolvent from these paths into other flow paths and facilitated dissolution of PCE. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Jeong, Seung-Woo AU - Wood, AL AU - Lee, T R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Subsurface Protection and Remediation Division, 919 Kerr Research Drive, Ada, OK 74820, USA, wood.lynn@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/12/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Dec 01 SP - 5238 EP - 5244 VL - 36 IS - 23 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Experimental Data KW - Drainage KW - Solvents KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Aeration KW - Chlorinated Hydrocarbons KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Floods KW - Nonaqueous Phase Liquids KW - Remediation KW - Nonaqueous phase liquids KW - Flooding KW - drainage water KW - Preferential Flow KW - Ethanol KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19936224?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Enhanced+Contact+of+Cosolvent+and+DNAPL+in+Porous+Media+by+Concurrent+Injection+of+Cosolvent+and+Air&rft.au=Jeong%2C+Seung-Woo%3BWood%2C+AL%3BLee%2C+T+R&rft.aulast=Jeong&rft.aufirst=Seung-Woo&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=5238&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - nonaqueous phase liquids; Drainage; Remediation; Flooding; Nonaqueous phase liquids; drainage water; Ethanol; Chlorinated Hydrocarbons; Floods; Solvents; Groundwater Pollution; Aeration; Experimental Data; Performance Evaluation; Nonaqueous Phase Liquids; Preferential Flow ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In Vitro and in Vivo Effects of 17 beta -Trenbolone: A Feedlot Effluent Contaminant AN - 19694371; 5576278 AB - Concern has arisen regarding the presence and persistence of trenbolone in the environment. Trenbolone acetate is an anabolic steroid used to promote growth in beef cattle. It is hydrolyzed to the active compound, 17 beta -trenbolone (TB), which is also one of the metabolites excreted by cattle. Reproductive alterations have been reported in fish living in waters receiving cattle feedlot effluent, and in vitro androgenic activity displayed by feedlot effluent samples has been related to these effects. In the current study, the androgenic potency of TB was examined both in vitro and in short-term in vivo assays. TB was a high affinity ligand for the androgen receptor (AR), with an IC sub(50) of about 4 nM in rat ventral prostate cytosol and about 33 nM in cells transfected with the human AR when competed with 1 nM [3H]R1881. TB induced AR- dependent gene expression in MDA-kb2 cells with a potency equal to or greater than dihydrotestosterone. In immunocytochemistry experiments with the human AR, concentrations as low as 1 pM significantly induced androgen-dependent translocation of the AR into the cell nucleus. TB also displayed antiglucocorticoid activity in vitro, inhibiting dexamethasone-induced transcriptional activity, and reduced adrenal gland size in vivo. In the Hershberger assay (in vivo), TB was as potent as testosterone propionate in tissues that lack 5 alpha -reductase but less effective at increasing weight of tissues with this enzyme. Such tissue specificity was anticipated because other C-19 norsteroidal androgens display a similar profile in this assay. Subcutaneous TB treatment was about 50- to 100-fold more effective in stimulating growth of androgen-dependent tissues than was oral treatment. In our in utero screening assay, maternal TB administration increased AGD and attenuated the display of nipples in female offspring in a dose-related manner, similar to the published effects of testosterone propionate. Previous studies have documented that these types of malformations in newborn and infant rats are not only permanent effects but are also highly correlated with serious reproductive malformations as adults. In summary, TB is a potent environmental androgen both in vitro and in vivo and, in contrast to other reports, can induce developmental abnormalities in the fetus. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Wilson, V S AU - Lambright, C AU - Ostby, J AU - Gray, LEJr AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Reproductive Toxicology Division, MD-72, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711 Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 SP - 202 EP - 211 VL - 70 IS - 2 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - anabolic steroids KW - trenbolone KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Freshwater fish KW - Toxicity tests KW - Bioassay KW - Sex hormones KW - Gene expression KW - Testing procedures KW - Receiving waters KW - Receptors KW - Effluents KW - Cattle KW - Fish KW - Abnormalities KW - Pollution effects KW - Metabolites KW - Feedlots KW - Pollutant persistence KW - Steroids KW - Screening KW - Adrenal glands KW - Water pollution effects KW - Ligands KW - Feeds KW - Androgens KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19694371?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=In+Vitro+and+in+Vivo+Effects+of+17+beta+-Trenbolone%3A+A+Feedlot+Effluent+Contaminant&rft.au=Wilson%2C+V+S%3BLambright%2C+C%3BOstby%2C+J%3BGray%2C+LEJr&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=202&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adrenal glands; Screening; Receptors; Pollution effects; Water pollution effects; Metabolites; Effluents; Freshwater fish; Toxicity tests; Sex hormones; Gene expression; Pollutant persistence; Fish; Steroids; Ligands; Abnormalities; Androgens; Cattle; Feeds; Testing procedures; Receiving waters; Feedlots; Bioassay ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DNA Damage Induced by Methylated Trivalent Arsenicals Is Mediated by Reactive Oxygen Species AN - 18708753; 5594954 AB - Arsenic is a human carcinogen; however, the mechanisms of arsenic's induction of carcinogenic effects have not been identified clearly. We have shown previously that monomethylarsonous acid (MMA super(III)) and dimethylarsinous acid (DMA super(III)) are genotoxic and can damage supercoiled phi X174 DNA and the DNA in peripheral human lymphocytes in culture. These trivalent arsenicals are biomethylated forms of inorganic arsenic and have been detected in the urine of subjects exposed to arsenite and arsenate. We show here by molecular, chemical, and physical methods that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are intermediates in the DNA-damaging activities of MMA super(III) and DMA super(III). Using the phi X174 DNA nicking assay we found that the ROS inhibitors Tiron, melatonin, and the vitamin E analogue Trolox inhibited the DNA-nicking activities of both MMA super(III) and DMA super(III) at low micromolar concentrations. The spin trap agent 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO) also was effective at preventing the DNA nicking induced by MMA super(III) and DMA super(III). ESR spectroscopy studies using DMPO identified a radical as a ROS intermediate in the DNA incubations with DMA super(III). This radical adduct was assigned to the DMPO-hydroxyl free radical adduct on the basis of comparison of the observed hyperfine splitting constants and line widths with those reported in the literature. The formation of the DMPO-hydroxyl free radical adduct was dependent on time and the presence of DMA super(III) and was completely inhibited by Tiron and Trolox and partially inhibited by DMSO. Using electrospray mass spectrometry, micromolar concentrations of DMA super(V) were detected in the DNA incubation mixtures with DMA super(III). These data are consistent with the conclusions that the DNA-damaging activity of DMA super(III) is an indirect genotoxic effect mediated by ROS-formed concomitantly with the oxidation of DMA super(III) to DMA super(V). JF - Chemical Research in Toxicology AU - Nesnow, S AU - Roop, B C AU - Lambert, G AU - Kadiiska, M AU - Mason, R P AU - Cullen, W R AU - Mass, MJ AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 1627 EP - 1634 PB - American Chemical Society, P.O. Box 182426 Columbus OH 43218-2426 USA, [mailto:service@acs.org] VL - 15 IS - 12 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - methylated trivalent arsenicals KW - oxygen radicals KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - DNA damage KW - Arsenic KW - Free radicals KW - X 24165:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18708753?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Research+in+Toxicology&rft.atitle=DNA+Damage+Induced+by+Methylated+Trivalent+Arsenicals+Is+Mediated+by+Reactive+Oxygen+Species&rft.au=Nesnow%2C+S%3BRoop%2C+B+C%3BLambert%2C+G%3BKadiiska%2C+M%3BMason%2C+R+P%3BCullen%2C+W+R%3BMass%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Nesnow&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1627&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Research+in+Toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Ftx025598y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA damage; Arsenic; Free radicals DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/tx025598y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing health risk from benzene pollution in an urban area AN - 17042009; 5556211 AB - A health hazard, specifically the leukaemia risk, is evaluated from different sources of benzene exposure with relation to a population living in an urban area of Italy. The population exposure is calculated for a reference year by sex and lyfestyle, with respect to smokers and non smokers. Potential health risk is therefore quantified by means of mathematical models and the relative significance of the different sources is described. The results of the analysis are useful for the identification of appropriate risk reduction strategies to minimize exposure, in particular when resulting from lifestyle and personal activities. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Carletti, R AU - Romano, D AD - ANPA - National Environmental Protection Agency, Rome, Italy, romano@anpa.it Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 SP - 135 EP - 148 VL - 80 IS - 2 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Mathematical models KW - Pollution effects KW - Environmental health KW - benzene KW - Italy KW - Leukemia KW - Urban areas KW - H 11000:Diseases/Injuries/Trauma KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17042009?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Assessing+health+risk+from+benzene+pollution+in+an+urban+area&rft.au=Carletti%2C+R%3BRomano%2C+D&rft.aulast=Carletti&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Leukemia; Mathematical models; Environmental health; Pollution effects; benzene; Urban areas; Italy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Marine and anthropogenic aerosols at Punta Del Hidalgo, Tenerife, and the aerosol nitrate number paradox AN - 1654691167; 21160266 AB - Results from analysis of aerosol ion composition and condensation nuclei (CN) concentration measurements carried out at the second Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE-2) Tenerife site, in the eastern North Atlantic subtropical region between July 1995 and May 1997, are described. Sea-salt derived Na super(+) dominated the samples having an average concentration of 2.4 mu g m super(-3). Extensive anthropogenic influences are evident with average non-sea-salt sulfate (nssSO sub(4) super(2-)) and nitrate (NO sub(3) super(-)) concentration values of 2.1 mu g m super(-3) and 1.3 mu g m super(-3) respectively. High levels of these species are linked to air mass transport from Europe: observed as short-term (2-3 days) pollution peaks. The pollution peaks overlie a summertime maximum in background levels. From comparison with Southern Hemisphere data, it is estimated that 80% of the observed nssSO sub(4) super(2-) originated from anthropogenic sources. Regression analysis shows a high degree of linearity between the NO sub(3) super(-) and CN concentration, which is stronger than found with between NssSO sub(4) super(2-) and CN concentration. This is considered paradoxical as in the maritime atmosphere NO sub(3) super(-) has primarily been found in supermicron size range linked to sea-salt, while nssSO sub(4) super(2-) and CN are primarily considered to be submicron aerosol. The CN:NO sub(3) super(-) linearity is considered to arise from NO sub(3) super(-) formation and transport processes over ocean regions. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - McGovern, F M AU - Nunes, MJ AU - Raes, F AU - Gonzales-Jorge, H AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Richview, Dublin, Wexford, Ireland. Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 SP - AAC 9 EP - 1-AAC 9-10 VL - 107 IS - D24 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - ASE, Atlantic, Canary Is., Tenerife, Punta del Hidalgo KW - Sulfates KW - Air masses KW - Aerosols KW - Nitrates KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - AN, North Atlantic KW - Atmosphere KW - ASE, Atlantic, Canary Is., Tenerife KW - Air pollution KW - ANE, Europe KW - Oceans KW - Transport processes KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1654691167?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Marine+and+anthropogenic+aerosols+at+Punta+Del+Hidalgo%2C+Tenerife%2C+and+the+aerosol+nitrate+number+paradox&rft.au=McGovern%2C+F+M%3BNunes%2C+MJ%3BRaes%2C+F%3BGonzales-Jorge%2C+H&rft.aulast=McGovern&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=D24&rft.spage=AAC+9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001JD000827 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air masses; Sulfates; Air pollution; Aerosols; Nitrates; Oceans; Pollution dispersion; Anthropogenic factors; Transport processes; Atmosphere; ASE, Atlantic, Canary Is., Tenerife, Punta del Hidalgo; ANE, Europe; AN, North Atlantic; ASE, Atlantic, Canary Is., Tenerife DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001JD000827 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mercury Contamination from Metal Scrap Processing Facilities: A Study by Ohio EPA AN - 16161874; 5744807 AB - Mercury is a pollutant that causes great concern to regulators in the United States, especially to states that are located in the Great Lakes Region. Mercury is considered a significant environmental problem due to its ability to bioaccumulate in the aquatic food chain, where it may eventually affect human health. It is released into the atmosphere by natural, as well as anthropogenic, sources. Some of the anthropogenic sources include coal-fired utility plants and industrial processes. In Ohio, we have taken a proactive approach to identify some of the sources that emit mercury into the atmosphere. Routine emission testing in mid-1999 showed that metal scrap melting facilities could be fairly large sources of mercury emissions. Following this finding, Ohio EPA sent out a survey to all facilities that melt, or otherwise process, scrap metal to determine the possible extent of mercury emissions from these facilities. After analyzing the results of the survey, Ohio EPA has required certain facilities to conduct tests for mercury emissions. This paper outlines the methodology implemented to identify these possible sources of mercury emissions in Ohio. JF - Environmental Progress AU - Sastry, R AU - Orlemann, J AU - Koval, P J AD - Ohio Environmental Protection Agency, Lazarus Government Center, P.O. Box 1049, Columbus, OH 43216, USA Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 SP - 231 EP - 236 VL - 21 IS - 4 SN - 0278-4491, 0278-4491 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Food chains KW - Scrap metals KW - Environmental impact KW - Mercury KW - USA, Ohio KW - Industrial emissions KW - Public health KW - H 3000:Environment and Ecology KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16161874?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Progress&rft.atitle=Mercury+Contamination+from+Metal+Scrap+Processing+Facilities%3A+A+Study+by+Ohio+EPA&rft.au=Sastry%2C+R%3BOrlemann%2C+J%3BKoval%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Sastry&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=231&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Progress&rft.issn=02784491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Food chains; Scrap metals; Environmental impact; Mercury; Industrial emissions; Public health; USA, Ohio ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Watershed level risk assessment of nitrogen and phosphorus export AN - 16153336; 5561436 AB - Land cover composition across a watershed is a principal factor in controlling the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus exported from a watershed. A well developed literature of nutrient export coefficients by land-cover class was used to model the risk of equaling or exceeding specified levels of nutrient export. The model was applied to about 1000 comparatively small watersheds mapped for the state of Maryland for environmental analysis and planning. Risk estimates generally increased from west to east, but numerous areas of high variability were evident. Risk of exceeding specified levels of nitrogen and phosphorus export were nonlinearly related to the amount of forest in the watershed. Risk increased more dramatically for phosphorus and nitrogen when forest dropped below between 90 and 95%, respectively. Bifurcations in this nonlinear relationship were the result of the relative abundance of agriculture and urban land in the watershed. The nonlinear relationship between percentage forest and risk increased more dramatically for phosphorus and less dramatically for nitrogen when urban was relatively more abundant than agriculture. Regional-scale variation in risk is discussed in terms of its relevance to environmental management. JF - Computers and Electronics in Agriculture AU - Wickham, J D AU - Wade, T G AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (E243-05), National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, wickham.james@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 SP - 15 EP - 24 VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0168-1699, 0168-1699 KW - landscape KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Land Use KW - Agriculture KW - Environmental Quality KW - Nutrient loading KW - Phosphorus KW - Forests KW - Nutrients KW - Watersheds KW - Model Studies KW - Risk KW - Small Watersheds KW - USA, Maryland KW - Environment management KW - Nitrogen KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 2080:Watershed protection UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16153336?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+and+Electronics+in+Agriculture&rft.atitle=Watershed+level+risk+assessment+of+nitrogen+and+phosphorus+export&rft.au=Wickham%2C+J+D%3BWade%2C+T+G&rft.aulast=Wickham&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+and+Electronics+in+Agriculture&rft.issn=01681699&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Nutrient loading; Phosphorus; Forests; Watersheds; Environment management; Nitrogen; Land Use; Risk; Environmental Quality; Nutrients; Small Watersheds; Model Studies; USA, Maryland ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trimethylpentane-containing passive samplers for predicting time-integrated concentrations of pesticides in water: Laboratory and field studies AN - 16147680; 5568964 AB - A laboratory continuous-flow system delivering known aqueous concentrations of pesticides to passive samplers was used to examine the kinetics of pesticide uptake and release. The passive samplers were constructed of low-density polyethylene membrane bags containing 2,2,4-trimethylpentane solvent (TRIMPS). Both uptake and release experiments were run in triplicate. Each experiment involved four treatments, including a control and three fivefold dilutions of a pesticide mixture that included the usual range of these pesticides as measured in the riverine environment of cotton-growing regions of Australia. The results indicated that for nonpolar pesticides with a log K sub(OW) > 3.5, uptake was linear over the 42-d exposure time and was independent of the treatment concentration. The half-lives for release of these pesticides from the TRIMPS varied from 26 to 130 d in clean water. The relatively polar pesticides with a log K sub(OW) < 3.5 had lower uptake rates into the TRIMPS because of their affinity for water. Release of trimethylpentane from the TRIMPS placed in 0.85-mm mesh nylon bags in river water was used as an indicator for chemical diffusion across the aqueous boundary to examine the effect of environmental factors. Most variability in solvent release in the field-deployed TRIMPS across all sites was explained by time of deployment and was not significantly influenced by river flow or water temperature. This suggests that river flow and water temperature may not be important in influencing uptake rates of pesticides into TRIMPS when employed in the field. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Leonard, A W AU - Hyne, R V AU - Pablo, F AD - CRC for Freshwater Ecology and Ecotoxicology Section, Environment Protection Authority, New South Wales, Centre for Ecotoxicology, Westbourne Street, Gore Hill, New South Wales 2065, Australia, hyner@epa.nsw.gov.au Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 SP - 2591 EP - 2599 VL - 21 IS - 12 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Australia KW - Mallows KW - Polyethylene membrane bags KW - Semipermeable membrane devices KW - TRIMPS KW - Trimethylpentane KW - Trimethylpentane solvent KW - passive samplers KW - trimethylpentane KW - uptake kinetics KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Malvaceae KW - Water Pollution KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Instrumentation KW - Water sampling KW - Agricultural pollution KW - Field Tests KW - Freshwater KW - Chemical kinetics KW - Flow rates KW - Water KW - Stream flow rate KW - Diffusion KW - Pollutant Identification KW - Temperature effects KW - Experimental Data KW - Pollution detection KW - Membranes KW - Solvents KW - Separation processes KW - Pollutant identification KW - Samplers KW - Gossypium KW - River water KW - Pesticides KW - Uptake KW - Monitoring KW - Accumulation KW - Toxicity testing KW - Sampling methods KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16147680?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Trimethylpentane-containing+passive+samplers+for+predicting+time-integrated+concentrations+of+pesticides+in+water%3A+Laboratory+and+field+studies&rft.au=Leonard%2C+A+W%3BHyne%2C+R+V%3BPablo%2C+F&rft.aulast=Leonard&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2591&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Pollution monitoring; Membranes; Pollution detection; Water sampling; Agricultural pollution; Solvents; Separation processes; Chemical kinetics; Pollutant identification; River water; Pesticides; Stream flow rate; Uptake; Diffusion; Toxicity testing; Water; Flow rates; Sampling methods; Pollutant Identification; Experimental Data; Water Pollution; Instrumentation; Field Tests; Monitoring; Samplers; Accumulation; Malvaceae; Gossypium; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biosolids to land: International regulations - Part 1: Contaminants AN - 16144833; 5581746 AB - Although land application of biosolids (loosely defined here as appropriately treated sewage sludge) has demonstrated beneficial outcomes and has been a long established and widely adopted activity, the need for management of contaminant and microbiological risks has seen land application practices almost universally subject to regulatory oversight. These regulatory controls are not static and within recent years there have been significant initiatives within the United States, European and Australian regulatory frameworks. Understanding the potential significance of these changes is of obvious importance to Australian biosolids management programs. JF - Water (Australia) AU - Reid, H AD - Victorian Environment Protection Authority, GPO Box 4395 QQ, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, hamish.reid@epa.vic.gov.au Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 SP - 40 EP - 45 VL - 29 IS - 8 SN - 0310-0367, 0310-0367 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - Sewage sludge KW - Wastewater management KW - Pollution (Microbiological) KW - Biosolids KW - Sludge disposal KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16144833?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+%28Australia%29&rft.atitle=Biosolids+to+land%3A+International+regulations+-+Part+1%3A+Contaminants&rft.au=Reid%2C+H&rft.aulast=Reid&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=40&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+%28Australia%29&rft.issn=03100367&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sewage sludge; Wastewater management; Pollution (Microbiological); Sludge disposal; Biosolids ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Precision of atmospheric dry deposition data from the Clean Air Status and Trends Network AN - 16143803; 5551100 AB - A collocated, dry deposition sampling program was begun in January 1987 by the US Environmental Protection Agency to provide ongoing estimates of the overall precision of dry deposition and supporting data entering the Clean Air Status and Trends Network (CASTNet) archive. Duplicate sets of dry deposition sampling instruments were installed adjacent to existing instruments and have been operated for various periods at 11 collocated field sites. All sampling and operations were performed using standard CASTNet procedures. The current study documents the biascorrected precision of CASTNet data based on collocated measurements made at paired sampling sites representative of sites across the network. These precision estimates include the variability for all operations from sampling to data storage in the archive. Precision estimates are provided for hourly, instrumental ozone (O sub(3)) concentration and meteorological measurements, hourly model estimates of deposition velocity (V sub(d)) from collocated measurements of model inputs, hourly O sub(3) deposition estimates, weekly filter pack determinations of selected atmospheric chemical species, and weekly estimates of V sub(d) and deposition for each monitored filter pack chemical species and O sub(3). Estimates of variability of weekly pollutant concentrations, expressed as coefficients of variation, depend on chemical species: NO super(-) sub(3) similar to 8.1%; HNO sub(3) similar to 6.4%; SO sub(2) similar to 4.3%; NH super(+) sub(4) similar to 3.7%; SO super(2) sub(4) super(-) similar to 2.3%; and O sub(3) similar to 1.3%. Precision of estimates of weekly V sub(d) from collocated measurements of model inputs also depends on the chemical species: aerosols similar to 2.8%; HNO sub(3) similar to 2.6%; SO sub(2) similar to 3.0%; and O sub(3) similar to 2.0%. Corresponding precision of weekly deposition estimates are: NO super(-) sub(3) similar to 8.6%; HNO super(-) sub(3) similar to 5.2%; SO sub(2) similar to 5.6%; NH super(+) sub(4) similar to 3.9%; SO super(2) sub(4) super(-) similar to 3.5%; and O sub(3) similar to 3.3%. Precision of weekly concentration, V sub(d) estimates, and deposition estimates are comparable in magnitude and slightly smaller than the corresponding hourly values. Annual precision estimates, although uncertain due to their small sample size in the current study, are consistent with the corresponding weekly values. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Sickles, JE II AU - Shadwick, D S AD - US EPA, ORD, NERL, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, sickles.joseph@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 SP - 5671 EP - 5686 VL - 36 IS - 36-37 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Data collection KW - Velocity KW - Nitrogen compounds deposition KW - Atmospheric pollution data KW - Dry deposition determination KW - Air pollution KW - EPA KW - Pollutant deposition KW - Sulfur compounds deposition KW - Chemical speciation KW - Meteorology KW - Atmospheric pollution networks KW - Dry deposition KW - Ozone deposition KW - Aerosol deposition KW - M2 551.502:Meteorological Networks (551.502) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.510.4:Composition of the atmosphere (551.510.4) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16143803?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Precision+of+atmospheric+dry+deposition+data+from+the+Clean+Air+Status+and+Trends+Network&rft.au=Sickles%2C+JE+II%3BShadwick%2C+D+S&rft.aulast=Sickles&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=36-37&rft.spage=5671&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sulfur compounds deposition; Nitrogen compounds deposition; Atmospheric pollution networks; Ozone deposition; Atmospheric pollution data; Dry deposition determination; Aerosol deposition; Air pollution; Pollution monitoring; EPA; Data collection; Pollutant deposition; Chemical speciation; Velocity; Meteorology; Dry deposition ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genotoxicity risk assessment: a proposed classification strategy. AN - 72700093; 12438010 AB - Recent advances in genetic toxicity (mutagenicity) testing methods and in approaches to performing risk assessment are prompting a renewed effort to harmonize genotoxicity risk assessment across the world. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) first published Guidelines for Mutagenicity Risk Assessment in 1986 that focused mainly on transmissible germ cell genetic risk. Somatic cell genetic risk has also been a risk consideration, usually in support of carcinogenicity assessments. EPA and other international regulatory bodies have published mutagenicity testing requirements for agents (pesticides, pharmaceuticals, etc.) to generate data for use in genotoxicity risk assessments. The scheme that follows provides a proposed harmonization approach in which genotoxicity assessments are fully developed within the risk assessment paradigm used by EPA, and sets out a process that integrates newer thinking in testing battery design with the risk assessment process. A classification strategy for agents based on inherent genotoxicity, dose-responses observed in the data, and an exposure analysis is proposed. The classification leads to an initial level of concern for genotoxic risk to humans. A total risk characterization is performed using all relevant toxicity data and a comprehensive exposure evaluation in association with the genotoxicity data. The result of this characterization is ultimately used to generate a final level of concern for genotoxic risk to humans. The final level of concern and characterized genotoxicity risk assessment are communicated to decision makers for possible regulatory action(s) and to the public. JF - Mutation research AU - Dearfield, Kerry L AU - Cimino, Michael C AU - McCarroll, Nancy E AU - Mauer, Irving AU - Valcovic, Lawrence R AU - US Environmental Protection Agency AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development (8103R), 1200 Pennsylvanian Ave., N.W., Washington, DC 20460, USA. dearfield.kerry@epa.gov ; US Environmental Protection Agency Y1 - 2002/11/26/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 26 SP - 121 EP - 135 VL - 521 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Bacteria -- genetics KW - Animals KW - Micronucleus Tests KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- standards KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Bacteria -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- methods KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72700093?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Genotoxicity+risk+assessment%3A+a+proposed+classification+strategy.&rft.au=Dearfield%2C+Kerry+L%3BCimino%2C+Michael+C%3BMcCarroll%2C+Nancy+E%3BMauer%2C+Irving%3BValcovic%2C+Lawrence+R%3BUS+Environmental+Protection+Agency&rft.aulast=Dearfield&rft.aufirst=Kerry&rft.date=2002-11-26&rft.volume=521&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-17 N1 - Date created - 2002-11-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of the genotoxic activities of the K-region dihydrodiol of benzo[a]pyrene with benzo[a]pyrene in mammalian cells: morphological cell transformation; DNA damage; and stable covalent DNA adducts. AN - 72693291; 12438007 AB - Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is the most thoroughly studied polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH). Many mechanisms have been suggested to explain its carcinogenic activity, yet many questions still remain. K-region dihydrodiols of PAHs are metabolic intermediates depending on the specific cytochrome P450 and had been thought to be detoxification products. However, K-region dihydrodiols of several PAHs have recently been shown to morphologically transform mouse embryo C3H10T1/2CL8 cells (C3H10T1/2 cells). Because K-region dihydrodiols are not metabolically formed from PAHs by C3H10T1/2 cells, these cells provide a useful tool to independently study the mechanisms of action of PAHs and their K-region dihydrodiols. Here, we compare the morphological cell transforming, DNA damaging, and DNA adducting activities of the K-region dihydrodiol of B[a]P, trans-B[a]P-4,5-diol with B[a]P. Both trans-B[a]P-4,5-diol and B[a]P morphologically transformed C3H10T1/2 cells by producing both Types II and III transformed foci. The morphological cell transforming and cytotoxicity dose response curves for trans-B[a]P-4,5-diol and B[a]P were indistinguishable. Since morphological cell transformation is strongly associated with mutation and/or larger scale DNA damage in C3H10T1/2 cells, the identification of DNA damage induced in these cells by trans-B[a]P-4,5-diol was sought. Both trans-B[a]P-4,5-diol and B[a]P exhibited significant DNA damaging activity without significant concurrent cytotoxicity using the comet assay, but with different dose responses and comet tail distributions. DNA adduct patterns from C3H10T1/2 cells were examined after trans-B[a]P-4,5-diol or B[a]P treatment using 32P-postlabeling techniques and improved TLC elution systems designed to separate polar DNA adducts. While B[a]P treatment produced one major DNA adduct identified as anti-trans-B[a]P-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide-deoxyguanosine, no stable covalent DNA adducts were detected in the DNA of trans-B[a]P-4,5-diol-treated cells. In summary, this study provides evidence for the DNA damaging and morphological cell transforming activities of the K-region dihydrodiol of B[a]P, in the absence of covalent stable DNA adducts. While trans-B[a]P-4,5-diol and B[a]P both induce morphological cell transformation, their activities as DNA damaging agents differ, both qualitatively and quantitatively. In concert with the morphological cell transformation activities of other K-region dihydrodiols of PAHs, these data suggest a new mechanism/pathway for the morphological cell transforming activities of B[a]P and its metabolites. JF - Mutation research AU - Nesnow, Stephen AU - Davis, Christine AU - Nelson, Garret B AU - Lambert, Guy AU - Padgett, William AU - Pimentel, Maria AU - Tennant, Alan H AU - Kligerman, Andrew D AU - Ross, Jeffrey A AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, MD-68, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. nesnow.stephen@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/11/26/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 26 SP - 91 EP - 102 VL - 521 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - DNA Adducts KW - 0 KW - Dihydroxydihydrobenzopyrenes KW - Phosphorus Radioisotopes KW - 4,5-dihydroxy-4,5-dihydrobenzo(a)pyrene KW - 28622-84-6 KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - 3417WMA06D KW - Index Medicus KW - Fibroblasts -- drug effects KW - Comet Assay KW - Animals KW - Fibroblasts -- pathology KW - Mammals KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- methods KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- cytology KW - Mice KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- drug effects KW - Isotope Labeling KW - Dihydroxydihydrobenzopyrenes -- toxicity KW - DNA Adducts -- chemistry KW - Benzo(a)pyrene -- toxicity KW - Dihydroxydihydrobenzopyrenes -- chemistry KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- drug effects KW - Benzo(a)pyrene -- chemistry KW - DNA Adducts -- drug effects KW - DNA Damage -- genetics KW - DNA Damage -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72693291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+the+genotoxic+activities+of+the+K-region+dihydrodiol+of+benzo%5Ba%5Dpyrene+with+benzo%5Ba%5Dpyrene+in+mammalian+cells%3A+morphological+cell+transformation%3B+DNA+damage%3B+and+stable+covalent+DNA+adducts.&rft.au=Nesnow%2C+Stephen%3BDavis%2C+Christine%3BNelson%2C+Garret+B%3BLambert%2C+Guy%3BPadgett%2C+William%3BPimentel%2C+Maria%3BTennant%2C+Alan+H%3BKligerman%2C+Andrew+D%3BRoss%2C+Jeffrey+A&rft.aulast=Nesnow&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2002-11-26&rft.volume=521&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-17 N1 - Date created - 2002-11-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Source water assessments: Innovative tools for wetlands restoration AN - 39713561; 3729913 AU - Copeland, J W Y1 - 2002/11/21/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 21 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39713561?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Source+water+assessments%3A+Innovative+tools+for+wetlands+restoration&rft.au=Copeland%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Copeland&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-11-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Conservation Technology Information Center, c/o Tammy Taylor, 1220 Potter Drive, Suite 170, West Lafayette, IN 47906; phone: 765-494-1814; fax: 765-494-5969; email: taylor@ctic.purdue.edu N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - NPS program funding: Recent guidance on the use of Clean Water Act, section 319 funding AN - 39713398; 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Paper No. 10a N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Design for the environment - Improving health & environmental decision making AN - 39595559; 3728614 AU - Sparks, J Y1 - 2002/11/21/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 21 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39595559?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Design+for+the+environment+-+Improving+health+%26amp%3B+environmental+decision+making&rft.au=Sparks%2C+J&rft.aulast=Sparks&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-11-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, Virginia 22314, USA; email: rschweinfurth@wef.org; URL: http://www.wef.org/Conferences/IW2002. Paper No. 10c N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Roosevelt park wetland retrofit project AN - 39595517; 3729905 AU - Tomkins, S Y1 - 2002/11/21/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 21 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39595517?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Roosevelt+park+wetland+retrofit+project&rft.au=Tomkins%2C+S&rft.aulast=Tomkins&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-11-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Conservation Technology Information Center, c/o Tammy Taylor, 1220 Potter Drive, Suite 170, West Lafayette, IN 47906; phone: 765-494-1814; fax: 765-494-5969; email: taylor@ctic.purdue.edu N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Pollution prevention (P2) framework and the PBT profiler: Prevention starts at R & D AN - 39594477; 3728615 AU - Rodier, D Y1 - 2002/11/21/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 21 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39594477?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Pollution+prevention+%28P2%29+framework+and+the+PBT+profiler%3A+Prevention+starts+at+R+%26amp%3B+D&rft.au=Rodier%2C+D&rft.aulast=Rodier&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-11-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, Virginia 22314, USA; email: rschweinfurth@wef.org; URL: http://www.wef.org/Conferences/IW2002. Paper No. 10d N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - OPPT's exposure assessment tools and models used for risk assessment - An overview AN - 39594400; 3728613 AU - Lynch, D G Y1 - 2002/11/21/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 21 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39594400?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=OPPT%27s+exposure+assessment+tools+and+models+used+for+risk+assessment+-+An+overview&rft.au=Lynch%2C+D+G&rft.aulast=Lynch&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-11-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, Virginia 22314, USA; email: rschweinfurth@wef.org; URL: http://www.wef.org/Conferences/IW2002. Paper No. 10b N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Update on EPA "Watershed Rule" (including TMDL and NPDES requirements) AN - 39594266; 3728579 AU - Bradley, P J Y1 - 2002/11/21/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 21 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39594266?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Update+on+EPA+%22Watershed+Rule%22+%28including+TMDL+and+NPDES+requirements%29&rft.au=Bradley%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Bradley&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-11-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, Virginia 22314, USA; email: rschweinfurth@wef.org; URL: http://www.wef.org/Conferences/IW2002. Paper No. 04e N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - MP&M effluent limitations guidelines and standards AN - 39594217; 3728575 AU - Johnston, C Y1 - 2002/11/21/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 21 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39594217?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=MP%26amp%3BM+effluent+limitations+guidelines+and+standards&rft.au=Johnston%2C+C&rft.aulast=Johnston&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2002-11-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, Virginia 22314, USA; email: rschweinfurth@wef.org; URL: http://www.wef.org/Conferences/IW2002. Paper No. 04a N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Effects of environmental parameters on the growth characteristics of Symbiodinium spp. isolated from corals AN - 39589037; 3721969 AU - Rogers, JE AU - Davis, R H AU - Oliver, L M Y1 - 2002/11/21/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 21 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39589037?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Effects+of+environmental+parameters+on+the+growth+characteristics+of+Symbiodinium+spp.+isolated+from+corals&rft.au=Rogers%2C+JE%3BDavis%2C+R+H%3BOliver%2C+L+M&rft.aulast=Rogers&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=2002-11-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Botanical Society of America, Botanical Society of America, 1735 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210-1293, USA; URL: www.botany.org. Poster Paper No. 33-123 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - United States/German technical bilateral agreement: Integrated risk assessment/management approach to contaminated site redevelopment AN - 39588439; 3716421 AU - Gatchett, A Y1 - 2002/11/21/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 21 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39588439?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=United+States%2FGerman+technical+bilateral+agreement%3A+Integrated+risk+assessment%2Fmanagement+approach+to+contaminated+site+redevelopment&rft.au=Gatchett%2C+A&rft.aulast=Gatchett&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-11-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Nuclear Society, Inc., 555 N. 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phone: 225-578-9900; fax: 225-578-9916; URL: www.vetmed.lsu.edu N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Assessing development-related water quality impacts AN - 39581281; 3714906 AU - Richards, LA Y1 - 2002/11/21/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 21 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39581281?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Assessing+development-related+water+quality+impacts&rft.au=Richards%2C+LA&rft.aulast=Richards&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=2002-11-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Potomac Watershed Partnership, 1730 North Lynn Street, Suite 403, Arlington, VA 22209, USA; phone: 703-276-2777; fax: 703-276-1098; URL: www.Potomac.org/pwp/conference.html N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Lessons from the past: Leading the next decade of bay restoration AN - 39581237; 3714890 AU - Matuszeksi, W Y1 - 2002/11/21/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 21 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39581237?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Lessons+from+the+past%3A+Leading+the+next+decade+of+bay+restoration&rft.au=Matuszeksi%2C+W&rft.aulast=Matuszeksi&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2002-11-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Potomac Watershed Partnership, 1730 North Lynn Street, Suite 403, Arlington, VA 22209, USA; phone: 703-276-2777; fax: 703-276-1098; URL: www.Potomac.org/pwp/conference.html N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - International urban watershed management partnerships in the Chesapeake Bay AN - 39581220; 3714901 AU - Medearis, D Y1 - 2002/11/21/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 21 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39581220?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=International+urban+watershed+management+partnerships+in+the+Chesapeake+Bay&rft.au=Medearis%2C+D&rft.aulast=Medearis&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-11-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Potomac Watershed Partnership, 1730 North Lynn Street, Suite 403, Arlington, VA 22209, USA; phone: 703-276-2777; fax: 703-276-1098; URL: www.Potomac.org/pwp/conference.html N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Stormwater II requirements and wetlands AN - 39578099; 3729938 AU - Bell, B Y1 - 2002/11/21/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 21 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39578099?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Stormwater+II+requirements+and+wetlands&rft.au=Bell%2C+B&rft.aulast=Bell&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2002-11-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Conservation Technology Information Center, c/o Tammy Taylor, 1220 Potter Drive, Suite 170, West Lafayette, IN 47906; phone: 765-494-1814; fax: 765-494-5969; email: taylor@ctic.purdue.edu N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Geographic jurisdiction after SWANCC: How did we get where we are? AN - 39578013; 3729898 AU - Downing, D Y1 - 2002/11/21/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 21 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39578013?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Geographic+jurisdiction+after+SWANCC%3A+How+did+we+get+where+we+are%3F&rft.au=Downing%2C+D&rft.aulast=Downing&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-11-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Conservation Technology Information Center, c/o Tammy Taylor, 1220 Potter Drive, Suite 170, West Lafayette, IN 47906; phone: 765-494-1814; fax: 765-494-5969; email: taylor@ctic.purdue.edu N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - EPA's national wetland monitoring program AN - 39577498; 3729864 AU - Vetter, D Y1 - 2002/11/21/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 21 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39577498?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=EPA%27s+national+wetland+monitoring+program&rft.au=Vetter%2C+D&rft.aulast=Vetter&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-11-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Conservation Technology Information Center, c/o Tammy Taylor, 1220 Potter Drive, Suite 170, West Lafayette, IN 47906; phone: 765-494-1814; fax: 765-494-5969; email: taylor@ctic.purdue.edu N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Monitoring for regulatory permit review in Ohio AN - 39576895; 3729895 AU - Mack, J Y1 - 2002/11/21/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 21 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39576895?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Monitoring+for+regulatory+permit+review+in+Ohio&rft.au=Mack%2C+J&rft.aulast=Mack&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-11-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Conservation Technology Information Center, c/o Tammy Taylor, 1220 Potter Drive, Suite 170, West Lafayette, IN 47906; phone: 765-494-1814; fax: 765-494-5969; email: taylor@ctic.purdue.edu N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Promoting watershed-based NPDES permits to support integrated local action AN - 39552449; 3728578 AU - Bradley, P J Y1 - 2002/11/21/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 21 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39552449?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Promoting+watershed-based+NPDES+permits+to+support+integrated+local+action&rft.au=Bradley%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Bradley&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-11-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, Virginia 22314, USA; email: rschweinfurth@wef.org; URL: http://www.wef.org/Conferences/IW2002. Paper No. 04d N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Stormwater phase II - A federal perspective AN - 39550298; 3728629 AU - Toffel, W W Y1 - 2002/11/21/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 21 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39550298?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Stormwater+phase+II+-+A+federal+perspective&rft.au=Toffel%2C+W+W&rft.aulast=Toffel&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2002-11-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, Virginia 22314, USA; email: rschweinfurth@wef.org; URL: http://www.wef.org/Conferences/IW2002. Paper No. 13a N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Consolidated assessment and listing methodology (CALM) and the adequate elements of a state monitoring program AN - 39529154; 3729878 AU - Holdsworth, S Y1 - 2002/11/21/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 21 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39529154?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Consolidated+assessment+and+listing+methodology+%28CALM%29+and+the+adequate+elements+of+a+state+monitoring+program&rft.au=Holdsworth%2C+S&rft.aulast=Holdsworth&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-11-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Conservation Technology Information Center, c/o Tammy Taylor, 1220 Potter Drive, Suite 170, West Lafayette, IN 47906; phone: 765-494-1814; fax: 765-494-5969; email: taylor@ctic.purdue.edu N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Landfill gas energy - An untapped renewable resource AN - 39524311; 3714224 AU - Guzzone, B Y1 - 2002/11/21/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 21 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39524311?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Landfill+gas+energy+-+An+untapped+renewable+resource&rft.au=Guzzone%2C+B&rft.aulast=Guzzone&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2002-11-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: University of Idaho, Dept. of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, E/P 421, Moscow, Idaho 83844, USA; phone: 208-885-7906; fax: 208-885-7908; email: peterson@uidaho.edu. Paper No. 2095 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Programmatic integration of wetlands into water quality and watershed management: EPA AN - 39520030; 3729853 AU - Regas, D Y1 - 2002/11/21/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 21 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39520030?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Programmatic+integration+of+wetlands+into+water+quality+and+watershed+management%3A+EPA&rft.au=Regas%2C+D&rft.aulast=Regas&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-11-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Conservation Technology Information Center, c/o Tammy Taylor, 1220 Potter Drive, Suite 170, West Lafayette, IN 47906; phone: 765-494-1814; fax: 765-494-5969; email: taylor@ctic.purdue.edu N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Engineered barriers in the waste isolation pilot plant AN - 39592225; 3701681 AU - Ghose, S Y1 - 2002/11/19/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 19 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39592225?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Engineered+barriers+in+the+waste+isolation+pilot+plant&rft.au=Ghose%2C+S&rft.aulast=Ghose&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-11-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), c/o ASME Engineering Programs Department, Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA; phone: 212-591-7055; fax: 212-591-7671; email: bendoj@asme.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Role and responsibilities of environmental regulators in the assessment and authorisation of mineral and energy waste facilities within the context of sustainable development AN - 39579038; 3711050 AU - Derham, J Y1 - 2002/11/19/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 19 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39579038?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Role+and+responsibilities+of+environmental+regulators+in+the+assessment+and+authorisation+of+mineral+and+energy+waste+facilities+within+the+context+of+sustainable+development&rft.au=Derham%2C+J&rft.aulast=Derham&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-11-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: SWEMP 2002, c/o DIGITA Dipartimento di Geoingegneria e Tecnologie Ambientali, Facolta di Ingegneria, Piazza d'Armi, 09123 Cagliari, Italy N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Implementing regional scale monitoring in the Pacific Northwest Region of the US AN - 39574774; 3712322 AU - McKenzie, D Y1 - 2002/11/19/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 19 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39574774?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Implementing+regional+scale+monitoring+in+the+Pacific+Northwest+Region+of+the+US&rft.au=McKenzie%2C+D&rft.aulast=McKenzie&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-11-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: International Environmetrics Society, President, Dr. Sylvia R. Esterby; email: sresterby@okanagan.bc.ca; URL: www.nrcse.washington.edu/ties/ N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Model for changes in sediment and water-column biogeochemistry in response to seasonal hypoxic/anoxic conditions beneath the Mississippi River plume AN - 39515190; 3711507 AU - Eldridge, P M Y1 - 2002/11/19/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 19 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39515190?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Model+for+changes+in+sediment+and+water-column+biogeochemistry+in+response+to+seasonal+hypoxic%2Fanoxic+conditions+beneath+the+Mississippi+River+plume&rft.au=Eldridge%2C+P+M&rft.aulast=Eldridge&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-11-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: GES-6 Symposium, c/o UH Department of Oceanography, 1000 Pope Road MSB 525, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA; fax: 1-808-956-7112; URL: imina.soest.hawaii.edu/oceanography/ges-6/ N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of hydrochloric acid for determinining solid-phase arsenic partitioning in sulfidic sediments. AN - 72782407; 12487318 AB - We examined the use of room-temperature hydrochloric acid (1-6 M) and salt solutions of magnesium chloride, sodium carbonate, and sodium sulfide for the removal of arsenic from synthetic iron monosulfides and contaminated sediments containing acid-volatile sulfides (AVS). Results indicate that acid-soluble arsenic reacts with H2S released from AVS phases and precipitates at low pH as disordered orpiment or alacranite. Arsenic sulfide precipitation is consistent with geochemical modeling in that conditions during acid extraction are predicted to be oversaturated with respect to orpiment, realgar, or both. Binding of arsenic with sulfide at low pH is sufficiently strong that 6 M HCl will not keep spiked arsenic in the dissolved fraction. Over a wide range of AVS concentrations and molar [As]/[AVS] ratios, acid extraction of arsenic from sulfide-bearing sediments will give biased results that overestimate the stability or underestimate the bioavailability of sediment-bound arsenic. Alkaline solutions of sodium sulfide and sodium carbonate are efficient in removing arsenic from arsenic sulfides and mixed iron-arsenic sulfides because of the high solubility of arsenic at alkaline pH, the formation of stable arsenic complexes with sulfide or carbonate, or both. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Wilkin, Richard T AU - Ford, Robert G AD - Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, P.O. Box 1198, Ada, Oklahoma 74820, USA. wilkin.rick@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/11/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 15 SP - 4921 EP - 4927 VL - 36 IS - 22 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Soil Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Sulfides KW - Arsenic KW - N712M78A8G KW - Hydrochloric Acid KW - QTT17582CB KW - Index Medicus KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Chemical Precipitation KW - Biological Availability KW - Soil Pollutants -- isolation & purification KW - Geologic Sediments -- chemistry KW - Arsenic -- chemistry KW - Sulfides -- chemistry KW - Hydrochloric Acid -- chemistry KW - Arsenic -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72782407?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Use+of+hydrochloric+acid+for+determinining+solid-phase+arsenic+partitioning+in+sulfidic+sediments.&rft.au=Wilkin%2C+Richard+T%3BFord%2C+Robert+G&rft.aulast=Wilkin&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2002-11-15&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=4921&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-11 N1 - Date created - 2002-12-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atmospheric Concentrations and Fluxes of Organic Compounds in the Northern San Francisco Estuary AN - 20613542; 5558555 AB - A study was conducted to measure atmospheric concentrations of PAHs and PCBs and estimate their fluxes between air and water in the northern San Francisco Estuary. Ambient air samples were collected once every 12 days at a single sampling site in Concord, CA, from June to November 2000, using a modified high-volume air-sampling device equipped with glass fiber filters and polyurethane foam. Concentrations of total PAHs and PCBs ranged from 5.7 to 56 and 0.17 to 0.32 ng/m super(3), respectively. PAHs and PCBs in the ambient air were predominantly in the vapor phase (83-99%). Gaseous fluxes of PAHs in the estuary showed high seasonal variation, ranging from 110 ng times m super(-2) times day super(-1) efflux in August to 1050 ng times m super(-2) times day super(-1) influx in November. Gaseous PCBs showed consistent net volatilization (2.2-24 ng times m super(-2) times day super(-1)) for this period. Particle settling contributed estimated net deposition fluxes of 45-960 ng times m super(-2) times day super(-1) for PAHs and 0.39-2.1 ng times m super(-2) times day super(-1) for PCBs. Combining these fluxes, PAHs were either deposited to or lost from the estuary via the atmosphere, depending on the month. In contrast, there consistently was net emission of PCBs from the estuary to the atmosphere. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Tsai, P AU - Hoenicke, R AU - Yee, D AU - Bamford, HA AU - Baker, JE AD - U.S. EPA Region IX, 75 Hawthorne St., San Francisco, CA 94105, USA, tsai.pam@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/11/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 15 SP - 4741 EP - 4747 VL - 36 IS - 22 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - USA, California, Concord, San Francisco Bay KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water Pollution KW - Seasonal Variations KW - Volatile materials KW - USA, California, San Francisco Bay KW - Estuarine pollution KW - Instrumentation KW - Path of Pollutants KW - Measuring Instruments KW - Air-water Interfaces KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Gas exchange, sea-atmosphere KW - Particulates KW - Atmosphere KW - Vapors KW - Emissions KW - Air sampling KW - Aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmosphere KW - Atmospheric pollution deposition KW - Volatility KW - PCB compounds KW - Seasonal variations KW - INE, USA, California, San Francisco Estuary KW - Atmospheric pollution samplers KW - PCB KW - USA, Massachusetts, Concord KW - Data Collections KW - Air-water exchanges KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Fate of Pollutants KW - Estuaries KW - Brackish KW - Polychlorinated biphenyls in atmosphere KW - Estuarine chemistry KW - Filters KW - Air pollution KW - Fibers KW - Seasons KW - Deposition KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.468:Coastal Oceanography (551.468) KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - M2 551.510.3/.4:Physical Properties/Composition (551.510.3/.4) KW - M2 551.464:Chemical properties of sea water. Chemistry of sea water (551.464) KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20613542?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Atmospheric+Concentrations+and+Fluxes+of+Organic+Compounds+in+the+Northern+San+Francisco+Estuary&rft.au=Tsai%2C+P%3BHoenicke%2C+R%3BYee%2C+D%3BBamford%2C+HA%3BBaker%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Tsai&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-11-15&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=4741&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Pollution dispersion; Aromatic hydrocarbons; Estuarine chemistry; PCB; Air-water exchanges; Estuarine pollution; Gas exchange, sea-atmosphere; Polychlorinated biphenyls in atmosphere; Atmospheric pollution deposition; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmosphere; Atmospheric pollution samplers; Filters; Fibers; Vapors; Estuaries; Air sampling; Emissions; Particulates; Seasonal variations; Atmosphere; PCB compounds; Water Pollution; Volatile materials; Instrumentation; Hydrocarbons; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Seasons; Deposition; Data Collections; Seasonal Variations; Measuring Instruments; Path of Pollutants; Air-water Interfaces; Fate of Pollutants; Volatility; USA, California, San Francisco Bay; INE, USA, California, San Francisco Estuary; USA, Massachusetts, Concord; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of Hydrochloric Acid for Determining Solid-Phase Arsenic Partitioning in Sulfidic Sediments AN - 20611428; 5558572 AB - We examined the use of room-temperature hydrochloric acid (1-6 M) and salt solutions of magnesium chloride, sodium carbonate, and sodium sulfide for the removal of arsenic from synthetic iron monosulfides and contaminated sediments containing acid-volatile sulfides (AVS). Results indicate that acid-soluble arsenic reacts with H sub(2)S released from AVS phases and precipitates at low pH as disordered orpiment or alacranite. Arsenic sulfide precipitation is consistent with geochemical modeling in that conditions during acid extraction are predicted to be oversaturated with respect to orpiment, realgar, or both. Binding of arsenic with sulfide at low pH is sufficiently strong that 6 M HCl will not keep spiked arsenic in the dissolved fraction. Over a wide range of AVS concentrations and molar [As]/[AVS] ratios, acid extraction of arsenic from sulfide-bearing sediments will give biased results that overestimate the stability or underestimate the bioavailability of sediment-bound arsenic. Alkaline solutions of sodium sulfide and sodium carbonate are efficient in removing arsenic from arsenic sulfides and mixed iron-arsenic sulfides because of the high solubility of arsenic at alkaline pH, the formation of stable arsenic complexes with sulfide or carbonate, or both. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Wilkin, R T AU - Ford, R G AD - Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, P.O. Box 1198, Ada, OK 74820, USA, wilkin.rick@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/11/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 15 SP - 4921 EP - 4927 VL - 36 IS - 22 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Hydrochloric Acid KW - Magnesium chloride KW - Sodium carbonate KW - Sodium sulfide KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Sodium compounds KW - Chemical Analysis KW - Chlorides KW - Arsenic in lake sediments KW - Sulphides KW - Bioavailability KW - Chemical Reactions KW - Chemical Precipitation KW - Iron compounds KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Chemical extraction KW - pH effects KW - pH KW - Pollutant Identification KW - Sediment pollution KW - Arsenic KW - Sulfides KW - Geochemistry KW - Solvents KW - Pollutant identification KW - Contaminated sediments KW - Sediments KW - Sodium KW - Salts KW - Chemical precipitation KW - Analytical Methods KW - Acids KW - Hydrogen chloride KW - Analytical techniques KW - Magnesium KW - Iron KW - Chemical analysis KW - Q2 09264:Sediments and sedimentation KW - M2 556.5:Surface Water Hydrology (556.5) KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20611428?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Use+of+Hydrochloric+Acid+for+Determining+Solid-Phase+Arsenic+Partitioning+in+Sulfidic+Sediments&rft.au=Wilkin%2C+R+T%3BFord%2C+R+G&rft.aulast=Wilkin&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-11-15&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=4921&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment pollution; Arsenic; Sodium compounds; Solvents; Pollutant identification; Sediments; Sulphides; Bioavailability; Salts; Chemical precipitation; Acids; Analytical techniques; Iron compounds; Magnesium; Chemical extraction; Chemical analysis; pH effects; Arsenic in lake sediments; Sodium; Geochemistry; Sulfides; Chlorides; Iron; pH; Hydrogen chloride; Chemical Precipitation; Chemical Analysis; Contaminated sediments; Pollutant Identification; Analytical Methods; Chemical Reactions; Sediment Contamination; Hydrochloric Acid ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of pure and dyed PCE on physical and interfacial properties of remedial solutions. AN - 72644978; 12409243 AB - Hydrophobic dyes have been used to visually distinguish dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) contaminants from background aqueous phases and soils. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a dyed DNAPL, 0.5 g Oil-Red-O/l of PCE, on the physical properties of remedial solutions: water, co-solvents (50, 70, and 90% (v/v) ethanol), and surfactants (4% (w) sodium dihexyl sulfosuccinate). This study compared the densities, viscosities, and interfacial tensions (IFTs) of the remedial solutions in contact with both dyed and undyed PCE. The presence of the dye in PCE substantially alters the IFTs of water and ethanol solutions, while there is no apparent difference in IFTs of surfactant solutions. The remedial solutions saturated with PCE showed higher viscosities and densities than pure remedial solutions. Solutions with high ethanol content exhibited the largest increases in liquid density. Because physical properties affect the flow of the remedial solutions in porous media, experiments using dyed DNAPLs should assess the influence of dyes on fluid and interfacial properties prior to remediation process analysis. JF - Journal of hazardous materials AU - Jeong, Seung-Woo AU - Wood, A Lynn AU - Lee, Tony R AD - Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, 919 Kerr Research Drive, P O Box 1198, Ada, OK 74820, USA. jeong.seung-woo@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/11/11/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 11 SP - 125 EP - 135 VL - 95 IS - 1-2 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - Azo Compounds KW - 0 KW - Coloring Agents KW - Solvents KW - Surface-Active Agents KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Trichloroethylene KW - 290YE8AR51 KW - oil red O KW - G7S71FND9B KW - Tetrachloroethylene KW - TJ904HH8SN KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Viscosity KW - Surface Tension KW - Solubility KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Chemistry, Physical KW - Water Movements KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Trichloroethylene -- analysis KW - Tetrachloroethylene -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72644978?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+hazardous+materials&rft.atitle=Effects+of+pure+and+dyed+PCE+on+physical+and+interfacial+properties+of+remedial+solutions.&rft.au=Jeong%2C+Seung-Woo%3BWood%2C+A+Lynn%3BLee%2C+Tony+R&rft.aulast=Jeong&rft.aufirst=Seung-Woo&rft.date=2002-11-11&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+hazardous+materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-03-05 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Testing Scandium Method to Quantify Suspended Particles Adhesion to the External Surface of Periphyton Communities AN - 862781686; 13726968 AB - Aquarium experiments were performed to quantify the inorganic fraction of suspended particles deposited on the external surface of aquatic biota. The mass of suspended particles retained on the surfaces of microalgae growing on submerged substrates and the algal biomass were determined by comparing the scandium content of suspended material with that in algal communities. Scandium, a predominantly soil-associated trace element, has been used as a 'tracer' for the inorganic component of suspended particles, because this element is geologically ubiquitous in soils, and it is recognized that it cannot cross natural membranes of plants and other organisms. The algal biomass determined using the scandium content was compared with biomass values calculated using phytopigments as estimates of periphyton biomass. The results indicate that the suspended particle mass adhering to the external periphyton surface may accounted for up to 55% of the total mass collected on submerged artificial substrates. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Sansone, Umberto AU - Belli, Maria AU - Fernandez, Jose A AU - Comans, Rob NJ AU - Jeran, Zvonka AU - Cavolo, Fabio AU - Barbizzi, Sabrina AU - De Zorzi, Paolo AU - Jacimovic, Radojko AD - National Environmental Protection Agency (ANPA), Roma, Italy, sansone@anpa.it Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - Nov 2002 SP - 313 EP - 324 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 141 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Trace elements KW - Soil KW - Tracers KW - Biota KW - Algae KW - Soil contamination KW - Suspended particulate matter KW - Biomass KW - Adhesion KW - Water pollution KW - Soil pollution KW - Air pollution KW - Scandium KW - adhesion KW - Periphyton KW - Q1 08462:Benthos KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - K 03320:Cell Biology KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/862781686?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Testing+Scandium+Method+to+Quantify+Suspended+Particles+Adhesion+to+the+External+Surface+of+Periphyton+Communities&rft.au=Sansone%2C+Umberto%3BBelli%2C+Maria%3BFernandez%2C+Jose+A%3BComans%2C+Rob+NJ%3BJeran%2C+Zvonka%3BCavolo%2C+Fabio%3BBarbizzi%2C+Sabrina%3BDe+Zorzi%2C+Paolo%3BJacimovic%2C+Radojko&rft.aulast=Sansone&rft.aufirst=Umberto&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=141&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=313&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1021397827110 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Tracers; Scandium; Periphyton; Suspended particulate matter; Adhesion; Water pollution; Trace elements; Algae; Soil pollution; Biomass; Soil; Biota; adhesion; Soil contamination DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021397827110 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of ozone and aeroallergens on the respiratory health of asthmatics. AN - 72881933; 12696655 AB - The effect of ambient air pollutants, pollens, and mold spores on respiratory health was studied in an area with low concentrations of chemical pollutants and abundant aeroallergens. A panel of 40 asthmatic subjects living near East Moline, Illinois, recorded peak expiratory flow rates (PEFRs), respiratory symptoms, frequency of asthma attacks, and asthma medication use between April and October 1994. Daily outdoor concentrations of pollutants and aeroallergens were measured, and indoor levels of bioaerosols were measured on several occasions in each participant's home. Ozone was associated with increased morning and evening symptom scores and decreased evening PEFR, and these associations remained significant with adjustment for weather and aeroallergens. The association between ozone and asthma medication use was increased in magnitude and significance with adjustment for weather and aeroallergens; however, the association between ozone and morning PEFR became nonsignificant with weather and aeroallergen adjustment. Significant associations were also found between pollen concentration and decreased evening PEFR, as well as between increased morning and evening symptom scores and asthma medication use. In addition, associations were noted between total spore concentration and increased morning PEFR and decreased morning and evening symptom scores. The inverse associations found with mold spore concentrations were not consistent with the results of other studies; however, the associations between ozone and pollen concentration were consistent with previous studies. When results were stratified by a number of independent risk factors, no differences were noted relative to allergic status or presence of dampness or flooding in the home; however, the associations with outdoor ozone and pollens were seen mainly among participants with low levels of exposure to indoor bioaerosols (< 1,800 spores/m3) or with no environmental tobacco smoke exposure. JF - Archives of environmental health AU - Ross, Mary A AU - Persky, Victoria W AU - Scheff, Peter A AU - Chung, Joseph AU - Curtis, Luke AU - Ramakrishnan, Viswanathan AU - Wadden, Richard A AU - Hryhorczuk, Daniel O AD - Health and Ecological Effects Group, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. ross.mary@epa.gov PY - 2002 SP - 568 EP - 578 VL - 57 IS - 6 SN - 0003-9896, 0003-9896 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Allergens KW - Anti-Asthmatic Agents KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Hypersensitivity -- epidemiology KW - Hypersensitivity -- diagnosis KW - Peak Expiratory Flow Rate KW - Skin Tests KW - Humans KW - Disease Progression KW - Anti-Asthmatic Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Humidity KW - Child KW - Pollen KW - Comorbidity KW - Child, Preschool KW - Illinois -- epidemiology KW - Risk Factors KW - Adult KW - Spores, Fungal KW - Middle Aged KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Female KW - Asthma -- epidemiology KW - Ozone -- analysis KW - Asthma -- drug therapy KW - Health Status KW - Asthma -- diagnosis KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- statistics & numerical data KW - Allergens -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72881933?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Effect+of+ozone+and+aeroallergens+on+the+respiratory+health+of+asthmatics.&rft.au=Ross%2C+Mary+A%3BPersky%2C+Victoria+W%3BScheff%2C+Peter+A%3BChung%2C+Joseph%3BCurtis%2C+Luke%3BRamakrishnan%2C+Viswanathan%3BWadden%2C+Richard+A%3BHryhorczuk%2C+Daniel+O&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=568&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+environmental+health&rft.issn=00039896&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-25 N1 - Date created - 2003-04-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-14 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An improved filter elution and cell culture assay procedure for evaluating public groundwater systems for culturable enteroviruses. AN - 72828152; 12540097 AB - Large-scale virus studies of groundwater systems require practical and sensitive procedures for both sample processing and viral assay. Filter adsorption-elution procedures have traditionally been used to process large-volume water samples for viruses. In this study, five filter elution procedures using cartridge filters were evaluated for their effectiveness in processing samples. Of the five procedures tested, the third method, which incorporated two separate beef extract elutions (one being an overnight filter immersion in beef extract), recovered 95% of seeded poliovirus compared with recoveries of 36 to 70% for the other methods. For viral enumeration, an expanded roller bottle quantal assay was evaluated using seeded poliovirus. This cytopathic-based method was considerably more sensitive than the standard plaque assay method. The roller bottle system was more economical than the plaque assay for the evaluation of comparable samples. Using roller bottles required less time and manipulation than the plaque procedure and greatly facilitated the examination of large numbers of samples. The combination of the improved filter elution procedure and the roller bottle assay for viral analysis makes large-scale virus studies of groundwater systems practical. This procedure was subsequently field tested during a groundwater study in which large-volume samples (exceeding 800 L) were processed through the filters. JF - Water environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation AU - Dahling, Daniel R AD - Biohazard Assessment Research Branch, Human Exposure Research Division, National Exposure Research Laboratory of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. dahling.dan@epa.gov PY - 2002 SP - 564 EP - 568 VL - 74 IS - 6 SN - 1061-4303, 1061-4303 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Filtration KW - Cell Culture Techniques KW - Biological Assay KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Water Supply KW - Water Microbiology KW - Enterovirus -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72828152?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+environment+research+%3A+a+research+publication+of+the+Water+Environment+Federation&rft.atitle=An+improved+filter+elution+and+cell+culture+assay+procedure+for+evaluating+public+groundwater+systems+for+culturable+enteroviruses.&rft.au=Dahling%2C+Daniel+R&rft.aulast=Dahling&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=564&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+environment+research+%3A+a+research+publication+of+the+Water+Environment+Federation&rft.issn=10614303&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-15 N1 - Date created - 2003-01-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Novel chromatographic separation and carbon solid-phase extraction of acetanilide herbicide degradation products. AN - 72756660; 12477196 AB - One acetamide and 5 acetanilide herbicides are currently registered for use in the United States. Over the past several years, ethanesulfonic acid (ESA) and oxanilic acid (OA) degradation products of these acetanilide/acetamide herbicides have been found in U.S. ground waters and surface waters. Alachlor ESA and other acetanilide degradation products are listed on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) 1998 Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List. Consequently, EPA is interested in obtaining national occurrence data for these contaminants in drinking water. EPA currently does not have a method for determining these acetanilide degradation products in drinking water; therefore, a research method is being developed using liquid chromatography/negative ion electrospray/mass spectrometry with solid-phase extraction (SPE). A novel chromatographic separation of the acetochlor/alachlor ESA and OA structural isomers was developed which uses an ammonium acetate-methanol gradient combined with heating the analytical column to 70 degrees C. Twelve acetanilide degradates were extracted by SPE from 100 mL water samples using carbon cartridges with mean recoveries >90% and relative standard deviations < or =16%. JF - Journal of AOAC International AU - Shoemaker, Jody A AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. shoemaker.jody@epa.gov PY - 2002 SP - 1331 EP - 1337 VL - 85 IS - 6 SN - 1060-3271, 1060-3271 KW - Acetanilides KW - 0 KW - Alkanesulfonates KW - Herbicides KW - Indicators and Reagents KW - Pesticide Residues KW - Solutions KW - oxanilic acid KW - 136B46378D KW - ethane sulfonate KW - 594-45-6 KW - Oxamic Acid KW - QU60N5OPLG KW - Index Medicus KW - Reference Standards KW - Herbicides -- analysis KW - Acetanilides -- analysis KW - Oxamic Acid -- analogs & derivatives KW - Pesticide Residues -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72756660?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.atitle=Novel+chromatographic+separation+and+carbon+solid-phase+extraction+of+acetanilide+herbicide+degradation+products.&rft.au=Shoemaker%2C+Jody+A&rft.aulast=Shoemaker&rft.aufirst=Jody&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1331&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.issn=10603271&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-05-15 N1 - Date created - 2002-12-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deposition and emission of gaseous mercury to and from Lake Michigan during the Lake Michigan Mass Balance Study (July, 1994-October, 1995). AN - 72689359; 12433160 AB - This paper presents measurements of dissolved gaseous mercury (DGM) concentrations in Lake Michigan and the application of a mechanistic approach to estimate deposition and emission fluxes of gaseous mercury (Hg2+ and Hg0) to and from Lake Michigan. Measurements of DGM concentrations made during May and July, 1994 and January, 1995 indicate that Lake Michigan was supersaturated with DGM suggesting that transfer of Hg0 occurs from the water to the atmosphere. Over-water concentrations of gaseous Hg2+ were estimated from total gaseous Hg (TGM) concentrations measured at five sites in the basin and used to model dry deposition fluxes of Hg2+. The modeling approach combines estimates of dry deposited Hg2+ with known photochemical and biotic reduction rates to form Hg0, which is available for re-emission. The model accounts for temporal and spatial variations in the deposition velocity of gaseous Hg2+ and the transfer velocity of Hg0 using high temporal and spatial resolution meteorological data. The modeled DGM concentrations agree well with the observed DGM concentrations in Lake Michigan. The modeled dry deposition fluxes of Hg2+ (286-797 kg yr(-1)) are very similar to the emission fluxes of Hg0 (320-959 kg yr(-1)), depending on the gaseous Hg2+ concentration used in the model. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Vette, Alan F AU - Landis, Matthew S AU - Keeler, Gerald J AD - The University of Michigan Air Quality Laboratory, Ann Arbor 48109-2029, USA. vette.alan@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/11/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 01 SP - 4525 EP - 4532 VL - 36 IS - 21 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Water Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Great Lakes Region KW - Water -- chemistry KW - Volatilization KW - Water Pollutants -- analysis KW - Mercury -- analysis KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72689359?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Deposition+and+emission+of+gaseous+mercury+to+and+from+Lake+Michigan+during+the+Lake+Michigan+Mass+Balance+Study+%28July%2C+1994-October%2C+1995%29.&rft.au=Vette%2C+Alan+F%3BLandis%2C+Matthew+S%3BKeeler%2C+Gerald+J&rft.aulast=Vette&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=4525&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-02-21 N1 - Date created - 2002-11-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A regional atmospheric fate and transport model for atrazine. 2. Evaluation. AN - 72686179; 12433169 AB - The Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system has been adapted to simulate the regional fate and transport of atrazine. Model modifications and simulations spanning April to mid-July 1995 are described in a previous paper. CMAQ results for atrazine concentrations in air and rainfall are evaluated against field observations taken along the Mississippi River and the shores of Lake Michigan in 1995. CMAQ results agree within 10% of published annual wet deposition load estimates for Lake Michigan and predicted annual dry deposition lies within published error bounds. Comparisons of weekly observed and predicted air and rainfall concentrations along the Mississippi River yield order-of-magnitude differences. Precipitation weighting of concentrations in rainfall good agreement for seasonal time frames. Weekly ambient gas form concentrations tend to be overpredicted by the CMAQ and semivolatile particulate fractons are underpredicted. Uncertainty in CMAQ predictions of air and rainfall concentrations for atrazine appear to derive primarily from uncertainty in emissions estimates, simulated precipitation, and spatial scale. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Cooter, Ellen J AU - Hutzell, William T AU - Foreman, William T AU - Majewski, Michael S AD - NOAA, Atmospheric Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. cooter.ellen@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/11/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 01 SP - 4593 EP - 4599 VL - 36 IS - 21 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Gases KW - Herbicides KW - Atrazine KW - QJA9M5H4IM KW - Index Medicus KW - Volatilization KW - Forecasting KW - Rain KW - Air Movements KW - Herbicides -- analysis KW - Atrazine -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72686179?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=A+regional+atmospheric+fate+and+transport+model+for+atrazine.+2.+Evaluation.&rft.au=Cooter%2C+Ellen+J%3BHutzell%2C+William+T%3BForeman%2C+William+T%3BMajewski%2C+Michael+S&rft.aulast=Cooter&rft.aufirst=Ellen&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=4593&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-02-21 N1 - Date created - 2002-11-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A pilot study of global positioning system/geographical information system measurement of residential proximity to agricultural fields and urinary organophosphate metabolite concentrations in toddlers. AN - 72651751; 12415492 AB - This pilot study enrolled 20 children between the ages of 11 and 17 months in Imperial County, California to assess children's pesticide exposure and residential proximity to agricultural fields. We compared parental self-report of residential proximity to agricultural fields to measurements using global positioning system/geographical information system (GPS/GIS) technology, and we assessed the relationship between residential proximity to agricultural fields and a biomarker of organophosphate (OP) pesticide exposure. Questionnaires were administered twice, 4 weeks apart, to determine self-reported residential proximity to agricultural fields. Urine samples were collected at each contact to measure OP metabolites. Actual residential proximity to the closest agricultural field and number of fields was within 1 mile to the west were measured using GPS/GIS. Self-report of living proximity to agricultural fields agreed with GPS/GIS measurement 75% of the time during the initial interview, compared to 66% agreement during the second interview. Presence of urinary metabolites suggests that OP exposure was ubiquitous: creatinine-adjusted total urinary dimethyl values ranged from 1.60 to 516.00 microg/g creatinine, and total diethyl ranged from 2.70 to 134.84 microg/g creatinine. No association was found between urinary OP metabolites and residential to field proximity. These results suggest that initial self-report of living proximity to agricultural fields may be more accurate than follow-up self-report. Limitations in this pilot study prevent determination of whether self-report is an accurate measure of proximity. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Royster, Michael O AU - Hilborn, Elizabeth D AU - Barr, Dana AU - Carty, Cara L AU - Rhoney, Scott AU - Walsh, Debra AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 433 EP - 440 VL - 12 IS - 6 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Organothiophosphorus Compounds KW - Index Medicus KW - Infant KW - Agriculture KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Humans KW - Cohort Studies KW - Pilot Projects KW - Data Collection KW - Spacecraft KW - Male KW - Female KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Infant Welfare KW - Residence Characteristics KW - Insecticides -- urine KW - Insecticides -- analysis KW - Geographic Information Systems KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72651751?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=A+pilot+study+of+global+positioning+system%2Fgeographical+information+system+measurement+of+residential+proximity+to+agricultural+fields+and+urinary+organophosphate+metabolite+concentrations+in+toddlers.&rft.au=Royster%2C+Michael+O%3BHilborn%2C+Elizabeth+D%3BBarr%2C+Dana%3BCarty%2C+Cara+L%3BRhoney%2C+Scott%3BWalsh%2C+Debra&rft.aulast=Royster&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-08 N1 - Date created - 2002-11-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Involvement of microbial components and toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in cytokine responses to air pollution particles. AN - 72620809; 12397021 AB - Inhalation of particulate matter (PM) may result in exacerbation of inflammatory airways disease, including asthma. Results from this laboratory have shown that the coarse inhalable particle fraction (PM(2.5-10)) is responsible for most of the PM effects on human airway macrophages (AM), including induction of cytokine production. Endotoxins associated with these particles account for a large part of their potency, as activity of PM can be inhibited by polymixin B and an activating moiety bound by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein (LBP). The hypothesis behind the present study was that not only particle-bound LPS, but also Gram-negative (Gram-) and Gram-positive (Gram+) bacteria are responsible for PM-induced stimulation of AM, and therefore that PM are likely to activate receptors involved in recognition of microbes. Low level contamination of model pollution particles with environmental Staphyloccocus, Streptococcus, and Pseudomonas species was found to confer cytokine-inducing activity on inactive particles. Only one Gram- bacterium was sufficient for significant stimulatation of 100 AM, whereas at least three times more Gram+ bacteria were required for a similar level of response. Cytokine responses induced by PM as well as Gram+ and Gram- bacteria were inhibited by anti-CD14 antibody and required the presence of LBP-containing serum. The involvement of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and 4 in recognition of PM(2.5-10) was investigated in transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing CD14 and TLR2 or TLR4. TLR4 was found to be involved in PM(2.5-10) and Pseudomonas-induced activation, whereas TLR2 activation was induced by both Gram+ and Gram- bacteria and by PM. The synthetic lipid A analog E5531 fully inhibited the response to purified LPS and partially inhibited the response to PM and Pseudomonas. In contrast, E5531 had no effect on the response to Staphylococcus. Taken together, these results implicate microbial components as important players in AM-dependent inflammatory responses to PM. JF - American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology AU - Becker, Susanne AU - Fenton, Matthew J AU - Soukup, Joleen M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. Becker.susanne@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 611 EP - 618 VL - 27 IS - 5 SN - 1044-1549, 1044-1549 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Antigens, CD14 KW - Cytokines KW - Drosophila Proteins KW - E 5531 KW - Lipid A KW - Lipopolysaccharides KW - Membrane Glycoproteins KW - Receptors, Cell Surface KW - TLR2 protein, human KW - TLR4 protein, human KW - Toll-Like Receptor 2 KW - Toll-Like Receptor 4 KW - Toll-Like Receptors KW - Polymyxin B KW - 1404-26-8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Streptococcus -- pathogenicity KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Pseudomonas -- pathogenicity KW - Polymyxin B -- pharmacology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Inhalation Exposure KW - Adult KW - Antigens, CD14 -- metabolism KW - CHO Cells KW - Air Microbiology KW - Staphylococcus -- pathogenicity KW - Male KW - Female KW - Antigens, CD14 -- drug effects KW - Cricetinae KW - Membrane Glycoproteins -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Receptors, Cell Surface -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Cytokines -- metabolism KW - Air Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- drug effects KW - Lipid A -- pharmacology KW - Lipid A -- analogs & derivatives KW - Receptors, Cell Surface -- metabolism KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- metabolism KW - Bacteria -- pathogenicity KW - Air Pollutants -- chemistry KW - Membrane Glycoproteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72620809?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+respiratory+cell+and+molecular+biology&rft.atitle=Involvement+of+microbial+components+and+toll-like+receptors+2+and+4+in+cytokine+responses+to+air+pollution+particles.&rft.au=Becker%2C+Susanne%3BFenton%2C+Matthew+J%3BSoukup%2C+Joleen+M&rft.aulast=Becker&rft.aufirst=Susanne&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=611&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+respiratory+cell+and+molecular+biology&rft.issn=10441549&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-12-13 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of reduced sediment volume toxicity test procedures using the marine amphipod Ampelisca abdita. AN - 72196882; 12389916 AB - During the past 20 years, the role of sediment toxicity tests has expanded from testing of primarily dredged material to risk assessment, decontamination technologies, large-scale regional sediment-quality assessments, and toxicity identification evaluations. Sediment toxicity tests are needed that can provide reliable data using less sediment and smaller test chambers, thus utilizing resources more efficiently. We compared survival results from 10-d standard marine amphipod tests at 20 degrees C using 200 ml of sediment to reduced-volume tests containing 20 or 50 ml of sediment and found no significant differences. Similar survival also was observed in tests conducted for 7-d at 23 degrees C versus the standard 10-d exposure at 20 degrees C. However, amphipod sensitivity was significantly less in reduced-volume tests conducted for only 4- or 7-d at 20 degrees C. The 10-d sediment toxicity tests using 50 ml of sediment provided comparable results to the standard protocol, whereas time for sampling, preparing, and sieving sediments for a test was substantially reduced. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Ferretti, James A AU - Calesso, Diane F AU - Lazorchak, James M AU - Durham, Curtis O AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Edison, New Jersey 08837, USA. ferretti.jim@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 2372 EP - 2377 VL - 21 IS - 11 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Time Factors KW - Geologic Sediments -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Toxicity Tests -- methods KW - Amphipoda -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72196882?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+reduced+sediment+volume+toxicity+test+procedures+using+the+marine+amphipod+Ampelisca+abdita.&rft.au=Ferretti%2C+James+A%3BCalesso%2C+Diane+F%3BLazorchak%2C+James+M%3BDurham%2C+Curtis+O&rft.aulast=Ferretti&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2372&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-03-11 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of the combined monitoring-based and modelling-based priority setting scheme with partial order theory and random linear extensions for ranking of chemical substances AN - 51986403; 2003-040171 JF - Chemosphere (Oxford) AU - Lerche, Dorte AU - Sorensen, Peter B AU - Larsen, Henrik Sorensen AU - Carlsen, Lars AU - Nielsen, Ole John Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 637 EP - 649 PB - Pergamon VL - 49 IS - 6 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - chemical waste KW - simulation KW - waste management KW - alachlor KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - ecology KW - protection KW - methylene chloride KW - toxic materials KW - monitoring KW - naphthalene KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - herbicides KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - metolachlor KW - mathematical models KW - decision-making KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - pesticides KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51986403?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+the+combined+monitoring-based+and+modelling-based+priority+setting+scheme+with+partial+order+theory+and+random+linear+extensions+for+ranking+of+chemical+substances&rft.au=Lerche%2C+Dorte%3BSorensen%2C+Peter+B%3BLarsen%2C+Henrik+Sorensen%3BCarlsen%2C+Lars%3BNielsen%2C+Ole+John&rft.aulast=Lerche&rft.aufirst=Dorte&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=637&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00456535 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CMSHAF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alachlor; aromatic hydrocarbons; chemical waste; chlorinated hydrocarbons; decision-making; ecology; halogenated hydrocarbons; herbicides; hydrocarbons; mathematical models; methylene chloride; metolachlor; models; monitoring; Monte Carlo analysis; naphthalene; organic compounds; pesticides; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; protection; simulation; statistical analysis; toxic materials; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental mapping with imaging spectroscopy of the World Trade Center area after the September 11, 2001 attack AN - 51590719; 2006-041872 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Clark, Roger N AU - Swayze, G A AU - Hoefen, T AU - Livo, E AU - Sutley, S AU - Meeker, G AU - Plumlee, G AU - Brownfield, I AU - Hageman, P AU - Lamothe, P AU - Gent, C AU - Morath, L AU - Taggart, J AU - Theodorakos, T AU - Adams, M AU - Green, R AU - Pavri, B AU - Sarture, C AU - Vance, S AU - Boardman, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - imagery KW - spatial data KW - clastic sediments KW - asbestos KW - geophysical methods KW - samples KW - New York City New York KW - New York KW - Manhattan KW - mineral composition KW - infrared methods KW - AVIRIS KW - World Trade Center KW - dust KW - sediments KW - chemical composition KW - spectroscopy KW - remote sensing KW - airborne methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51590719?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Environmental+mapping+with+imaging+spectroscopy+of+the+World+Trade+Center+area+after+the+September+11%2C+2001+attack&rft.au=Clark%2C+Roger+N%3BSwayze%2C+G+A%3BHoefen%2C+T%3BLivo%2C+E%3BSutley%2C+S%3BMeeker%2C+G%3BPlumlee%2C+G%3BBrownfield%2C+I%3BHageman%2C+P%3BLamothe%2C+P%3BGent%2C+C%3BMorath%2C+L%3BTaggart%2C+J%3BTheodorakos%2C+T%3BAdams%2C+M%3BGreen%2C+R%3BPavri%2C+B%3BSarture%2C+C%3BVance%2C+S%3BBoardman%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F811&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; asbestos; AVIRIS; chemical composition; clastic sediments; dust; geophysical methods; imagery; infrared methods; Manhattan; mineral composition; New York; New York City New York; remote sensing; samples; sediments; silicates; spatial data; spectroscopy; United States; World Trade Center ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strong positive selection and habitat-specific amino acid substitution patterns in Mhc from an estuarine fish under intense pollution stress AN - 20710638; 5568768 AB - Population-level studies using the major histocompatibility complex (Mhc) have linked specific alleles with specific diseases, but data requirements are high and the power to detect disease association is low. A novel use of Mhc population surveys involves mapping allelic substitutions onto the inferred structural molecular model to show functional differentiation related to local selective pressures. In the estuarine fish Fundulus heteroclitus, populations experiencing strong differences in antigenic challenges show significant differences in amino acid substitution patterns that are reflected as variation in the structural location of changes between populations. Fish from a population genetically adapted to severe chemical pollution also show novel patterns of DNA substitution at a highly variable Mhc class II B locus including strong signals of positive selection at inferred antigen-binding sites and population-specific signatures of amino acid substitution. Heavily parasitized fish from an extreme PCB-contaminated (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Superfund) site show enhanced population-specific substitutions in the alpha -helix portion of the inferred antigen-binding region. In contrast, fish from an unpolluted site show a significantly different pattern focused on the first strand of the B-pleated sheet. Whether Mhc population profile differences represent the direct effects of chemical toxicants or indirect parasite-mediated selection, the result is a composite habitat-specific signature of strong selection and evolution affecting the genetic repetoire of the major histocompatibility complex. JF - Molecular Biology and Evolution AU - Cohen, S AD - Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Atlantic Ecology Division, Narragansett, Rhode Island Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - Nov 2002 SP - 1870 EP - 1880 VL - 19 IS - 11 SN - 0737-4038, 0737-4038 KW - Major histocompatibility complex KW - Mummichog KW - Pollution Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Molecular modelling KW - Biological stress KW - Amino acid substitution KW - Toxicants KW - Allelles KW - Biomarkers KW - Natural selection KW - Differentiation KW - Population genetics KW - Molecular biology KW - Mapping KW - Chemical pollution KW - Parasitic diseases KW - Disease detection KW - Positive selection KW - Brackishwater fish KW - Fundulus heteroclitus KW - Amino acids KW - composite materials KW - Data processing KW - Superfund KW - Stress KW - Phenotypic variations KW - molecular biology KW - EPA KW - USA KW - DNA KW - Fish KW - Evolution KW - Gene mapping KW - Amino acid sequence KW - Indicator species KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - G 07740:Evolution KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20710638?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Biology+and+Evolution&rft.atitle=Strong+positive+selection+and+habitat-specific+amino+acid+substitution+patterns+in+Mhc+from+an+estuarine+fish+under+intense+pollution+stress&rft.au=Cohen%2C+S&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1870&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Biology+and+Evolution&rft.issn=07374038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological stress; Molecular biology; Allelles; Phenotypic variations; Disease detection; Parasitic diseases; Biomarkers; Brackishwater fish; Natural selection; Evolution; Indicator species; Amino acid sequence; Molecular modelling; Amino acid substitution; Data processing; Toxicants; Major histocompatibility complex; Stress; Population genetics; Differentiation; DNA; Chemical pollution; Positive selection; Gene mapping; EPA; composite materials; Amino acids; Superfund; Fish; Mapping; molecular biology; Fundulus heteroclitus; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 17 alpha -ethynylestradiol-induced vitellogenin gene transcription quantified in livers of adult males, larvae, and gills of fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) AN - 20606564; 5584918 AB - We have applied a method for quantifying relative levels of messenger RNA (mRNA) transcription to assess chemically induced gene expression in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). Synthetic oligonucleotides designed for the fathead minnow vitellogenin gene transcription product were used in a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) protocol. This sensitive and rapid strategy detected vitellogenin gene transcription in livers of male fathead minnows exposed to concentrations as low as 2 ng/L of the endocrine-disrupting compound 17 alpha -ethynylestradiol for 24 h. Surprisingly, vitellogenin transcription products also were detected in gill tissue and in 48-h-old posthatch fathead minnow larvae. Relative levels of vitellogenin gene induction among individuals were quantified in a single-step reaction (PCR multiplex) with 18S rRNA universal primers and Competimers super(R) concurrently with fathead minnow vitellogenin oligonucleotides. This quantitative approach will markedly enhance detection of the first cellular event of estrogenic exposure to aquatic ecosystems in both field and laboratory systems. Use of the model provides sensitivity of detection at a concentration below those that cause mortality or visible signs of stress in fish or other aquatic organisms. The model may also provide an in vivo screening method for estrogenlike endocrine-disrupting compounds. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Lattier, D L AU - Reddy, T V AU - Gordon, DA AU - Lazorchak, J M AU - Smith, ME AU - Williams, DE AU - Wiechman, B AU - Flick, R W AU - Miracle, AL AU - Toth, G P AD - Molecular Ecology Research Branch, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 W Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA, lattier.david@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - Nov 2002 SP - 2385 EP - 2393 VL - 21 IS - 11 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Fathead minnow KW - Genetics Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Aqualine Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Aquatic organisms KW - endocrine disruptors KW - Endocrine disruptors KW - Toxicity tests KW - Sex hormones KW - Gene expression KW - Exposure KW - Gills KW - Testing Procedures KW - Laboratories KW - Larvae KW - Transcription KW - Stress KW - Fathead Minnows KW - Aquatic ecosystems KW - Model Studies KW - Ethinyl estradiol KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Fish KW - Primers KW - Toxicity testing KW - estrogens KW - rRNA 18S KW - Oligonucleotides KW - Reverse transcription KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Mortality KW - Estrogens KW - males KW - mRNA KW - Pimephales promelas KW - Vitellogenin KW - Liver KW - aquatic ecosystems KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - G 07700:Molecular Genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20606564?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=17+alpha+-ethynylestradiol-induced+vitellogenin+gene+transcription+quantified+in+livers+of+adult+males%2C+larvae%2C+and+gills+of+fathead+minnows+%28Pimephales+promelas%29&rft.au=Lattier%2C+D+L%3BReddy%2C+T+V%3BGordon%2C+DA%3BLazorchak%2C+J+M%3BSmith%2C+ME%3BWilliams%2C+DE%3BWiechman%2C+B%3BFlick%2C+R+W%3BMiracle%2C+AL%3BToth%2C+G+P&rft.aulast=Lattier&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2385&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Liver; Larvae; Toxicity tests; Gills; Sex hormones; rRNA 18S; Aquatic organisms; Estrogens; Endocrine disruptors; Stress; Transcription; Aquatic ecosystems; Oligonucleotides; Reverse transcription; mRNA; Gene expression; Ethinyl estradiol; Vitellogenin; Polymerase chain reaction; Primers; Toxicity testing; endocrine disruptors; males; aquatic ecosystems; estrogens; Testing Procedures; Laboratories; Water Pollution Effects; Exposure; Fish; Fathead Minnows; Model Studies; Pimephales promelas ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A spatial approach for integrating and analyzing indicators of ecological and human condition AN - 19929222; 5533496 AB - "Sustainable development" is used in this study as an integrating theme and defined as a positive relationship between ecological integrity and human welfare over time within ecologically-relevant areas. Ecological rather than political areal units are used for aggregating data because human welfare ultimately relies on the natural resources and life support systems provided by healthy ecosystems. Although, no scientific consensus on defining and measuring "ecological integrity" and "human welfare" exists, partial metrics for each were taken from the literature. A geographic information system (GIS) was created to explore statistical relationships between selected measures of ecological and human condition aggregated up to the watershed scale. Rank correlation results at the watershed scale generally corresponded with other findings in the literature reporting negative interactions between society and nature at other spatial scales. The spatial analysis suggested that higher levels of well-being in Ohio, USA, (i.e. in terms of educational attainment, employment, income, and lack of poverty) were near metropolitan areas with connections to larger scale economies rather than isolated economies based on local natural resources (i.e. open rather than closed systems). The same locational arrangement was also found for several "sustainable watersheds" identified in the landscape (i.e. those with higher levels of both human and terrestrial and aquatic ecological conditions). In other words, sustaining high levels of ecological condition and human welfare in watersheds appeared dependent on linkages with external areas and their continued "sustainability" as well. Theoretically, relations between society and nature within one place and between different places may range from mutualistic to competitive interactions, but the former, along with cooperative and commensal relations, are preferred if sustainable development is desired. JF - Ecological Indicators AU - Troyer, ME AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, 26 W. Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - Nov 2002 SP - 211 EP - 220 VL - 2 IS - 1-2 SN - 1470-160X, 1470-160X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Human Population; Ecology Abstracts KW - Sustainable development KW - Environmental quality KW - Population-environment relations KW - Geographic information systems KW - USA, Ohio KW - Watersheds KW - Resources KW - D 04001:Methodology - general KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M1 110:Population-Environment Relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19929222?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Indicators&rft.atitle=A+spatial+approach+for+integrating+and+analyzing+indicators+of+ecological+and+human+condition&rft.au=Troyer%2C+ME&rft.aulast=Troyer&rft.aufirst=ME&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Indicators&rft.issn=1470160X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1470-160X%2802%2900044-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental quality; Sustainable development; Geographic information systems; Population-environment relations; Watersheds; Resources; USA, Ohio DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1470-160X(02)00044-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temporal and spatial modelling of tropical deforestation: a survival analysis linking satellite and household survey data AN - 19927472; 5645745 AB - We estimate a spatially explicit model of the forest clearance process among smallholder farmers in an agricultural frontier of southern Mexico. Our analysis takes as its point of departure a simple utility-maximising model that suggests many possible determinants of deforestation in an economic environment characterised by missing or thin markets. Hypotheses from the model are tested on a data set that combines a time series of satellite imagery with data collected from a survey of farm households whose agricultural plots were geo-referenced using a global positioning system (GPS). We implement a survival analysis to identify the effect of household level explanatory variables on the probability of deforestation. This approach allows us to introduce a measure of the time until clearance as a covariate, thereby affording a control for the effect of potentially important explanatory variables that vary through time but are not directly observable. In addition to identifying several variables relevant for policy analysis, including household demographics, proximity to roads, and government provision of agricultural support, model results suggest that the deforestation process is characterised by non-linear duration dependence, with the probability of forest clearance first decreasing and then increasing with the passage of time. JF - Agricultural Economics AU - Vance, C AU - Geoghegan, J AD - US EPA National Centre for Environmental Economics, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - Nov 2002 SP - 317 EP - 332 VL - 27 IS - 3 SN - 0169-5150, 0169-5150 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Human Population KW - Agriculture KW - Mexico KW - Economics KW - Satellites KW - Deforestation KW - Models KW - M1 320:Environmental & Natural Resource Development KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19927472?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agricultural+Economics&rft.atitle=Temporal+and+spatial+modelling+of+tropical+deforestation%3A+a+survival+analysis+linking+satellite+and+household+survey+data&rft.au=Vance%2C+C%3BGeoghegan%2C+J&rft.aulast=Vance&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=317&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agricultural+Economics&rft.issn=01695150&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-5150%2802%2900074-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Economics; Satellites; Models; Deforestation; Mexico DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-5150(02)00074-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Coloured Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM) in Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island: Implications for Phytoplankton in Coastal Waters AN - 18925674; 5534446 AB - One indicator of health in estuarine and coastal ecosystems is the ability of local waters to transmit sunlight to planktonic, macrophytic, and other submerged vegetation for photosynthesis. The concentration of coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM) is a primary factor affecting the absorption of incident sunlight in coastal and estuarine waters. In estuaries, CDOM concentrations vary due to changes in salinity gradients, inflows of industrial and domestic effluents, and the production of new dissolved organic matter from marine biologic activity. CDOM absorption data have been collected from a variety of waters. However, there are a limited number of measurements along the US east coast and a general lack of data from New England waters. This study characterized the temporal and spatial variability of CDOM absorption over an annual cycle in Narragansett Bay and Block Island Sound (Rhode Island). Results suggested that, in Narragansett Bay, the magnitude of CDOM absorption is related to the seasonal variability of freshwater input from surrounding watersheds and new CDOM production from in situ biologic activity. The data show that the average CDOM absorption coefficient at 412 nm was 0.45 m super(-1) and the average spectral slope was 0.020 nm super(-1). Copyright 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. JF - Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science AU - Keith, D J AU - Yoder, JA AU - Freeman, SA AD - Atlantic Ecology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, RI, 02882, U.S.A. Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 705 EP - 717 PB - Academic Press VL - 55 IS - 5 SN - 0272-7714, 0272-7714 KW - USA, Rhode Island, Block Island Sound KW - USA, Rhode Island, Narragansett Bay KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Dissolved Solids KW - Coastal Waters KW - Spectral Analysis KW - Optical properties KW - Pollution effects KW - Phytoplankton KW - Absorption coefficient KW - Spatial Distribution KW - ANW, USA, Rhode Island, Block Island Sound KW - Time dependent KW - Light absorption KW - Fresh water KW - Organic Matter KW - Distribution (Mathematical) KW - Optical Properties KW - Seasonal variations KW - Algae KW - Temporal Distribution KW - Data Collections KW - Marine KW - Water colour KW - USA, Rhode Island KW - Water properties KW - Water Quality KW - Light Penetration KW - Absorption spectra KW - Spectral analysis KW - Data collections KW - Coastal waters KW - Color KW - Dissolved organic matter KW - ANW, USA, Rhode Island, Narragansett Bay KW - Light penetration KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - Q2 09223:Optical properties KW - Q1 08461:Plankton KW - O 1010:Viruses, Bacteria, Protists, Fungi and Plants KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - SW 0890:Estuaries KW - O 2050:Chemical Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18925674?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuarine%2C+Coastal+and+Shelf+Science&rft.atitle=Spatial+and+Temporal+Distribution+of+Coloured+Dissolved+Organic+Matter+%28CDOM%29+in+Narragansett+Bay%2C+Rhode+Island%3A+Implications+for+Phytoplankton+in+Coastal+Waters&rft.au=Keith%2C+D+J%3BYoder%2C+JA%3BFreeman%2C+SA&rft.aulast=Keith&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=705&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuarine%2C+Coastal+and+Shelf+Science&rft.issn=02727714&rft_id=info:doi/10.1006%2Fecss.2001.0922 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water colour; Optical properties; Water properties; Spectral analysis; Absorption spectra; Absorption coefficient; Phytoplankton; Pollution effects; Data collections; Coastal waters; Light absorption; Fresh water; Dissolved organic matter; Light penetration; Seasonal variations; Time dependent; Dissolved Solids; Organic Matter; Distribution (Mathematical); Spectral Analysis; Coastal Waters; Light Penetration; Water Quality; Optical Properties; Data Collections; Color; Spatial Distribution; Temporal Distribution; Algae; USA, Rhode Island; ANW, USA, Rhode Island, Narragansett Bay; ANW, USA, Rhode Island, Block Island Sound; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ecss.2001.0922 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pulmonary and Systemic Effects of Zinc-Containing Emission Particles in Three Rat Strains: Multiple Exposure Scenarios AN - 18677897; 5576266 AB - As a common component of ambient particulate matter (PM), zinc has been proposed to play a role in PM-induced adverse health effects. Although occupational exposures to high levels of zinc-fume have been associated with metal-fume fever accompanied by pulmonary inflammation and injury, the effects of PM-associated zinc are unclear. We hypothesized that an oil combustion emission PM (EPM) containing bioavailable zinc would induce pulmonary injury and systemic hematological changes attributable to the leachable zinc following acute as well as longer-term exposures in a rat strain-specific manner. In order to initially characterize the pulmonary response to EPM, male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were intratracheally (IT) instilled with 0.0, 0.8, 3.3, or 8.3 mg/kg EPM in saline. To further determine if the pulmonary injury was associated with the EPM leachable zinc, subsequent studies included IT instillation of SD rats with either saline, whole EPM suspension, the saline leachable fraction of EPM, the particulate fraction of EPM (all at 8.3 mg/kg, soluble Zn = 14.5 mu g/mg EPM), or ZnSO sub(4) (0.0, 33.0, or 66.0 mu g/kg Zn). Finally, to ascertain the cumulative impact of inhaled EPM in the causation of acute pulmonary and systemic effects as well as long-term fibrotic responses, we exposed three rat strains of differential susceptibility to PM. Male SD, normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY), and spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats (90 days old) were exposed nose- only to either filtered air or EPM: 2, 5, or 10 mg/m super(3) (6 h/day x 4 days/week x 1 week); or 10 mg/m super(3) (6 h/day x 1 day/week for 1, 4, or 16 weeks) and assessed at 2 days postexposure. IT exposures to whole EPM suspensions were associated with a dose-dependent increase in protein/albumin permeability and neutrophilic inflammation. Pulmonary protein/albumin leakage and neutrophilic inflammation caused by the leachable fraction of EPM and ZnSO sub(4) were comparable to the effect of whole suspension. However, protein/albumin leakage was not associated with the particulate fraction, although significant neutrophilic inflammation did occur following instillation. With EPM nose-only inhalation, acute exposures (10 mg/m super(3) only) for 4 days resulted in small increases in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) protein and n-acetyl glucosaminidase activities (~50% above control). Surprisingly, unlike IT exposures, no neutrophilic influx was detectable in BALF from any of the inhalation groups. The only major effect of acute and long-term EPM inhalation was a dose- and time-dependent increase in alveolar macrophages (AM) regardless of the rat strain. Histological evidence also showed dose- and time-dependent accumulations of particle-loaded AM. Particles were also evident in interstitial spaces, and in the lung-associated lymph nodes following the inhalation exposures (SH > WKY = SD). There were strain-related differences in peripheral white blood cell counts and plasma fibrinogen with no major EPM inhalation effect. The present study demonstrated the critical differences in pulmonary responsiveness to EPM between IT and inhalation exposures, probably attributable to the dose of bioavailable zinc. EPM IT exposures, but not acute and long-term inhalation of up to 10 mg/m super(3), caused neutrophilic inflammation. Inhalation exposures may result in particle accumulation and macrophage recruitment with potential strain differences in EPM clearance. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Kodavanti, U P AU - Schladweiler, MCJ AU - Ledbetter, AD AU - Hauser, R AU - Christiani, D C AU - Samet, J M AU - McGee, J AU - Richards, J H AU - Costa, D L AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, Experimental Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711 Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - Nov 2002 SP - 73 EP - 85 VL - 70 IS - 1 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - oil combustion emission particles KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24161:Acute exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18677897?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Pulmonary+and+Systemic+Effects+of+Zinc-Containing+Emission+Particles+in+Three+Rat+Strains%3A+Multiple+Exposure+Scenarios&rft.au=Kodavanti%2C+U+P%3BSchladweiler%2C+MCJ%3BLedbetter%2C+AD%3BHauser%2C+R%3BChristiani%2C+D+C%3BSamet%2C+J+M%3BMcGee%2C+J%3BRichards%2C+J+H%3BCosta%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Kodavanti&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiple enzyme restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis for high resolution distinction of Pseudomonas (sensu stricto) 16S rRNA genes AN - 18492060; 5455248 AB - Members of the genus Pseudomonas (sensu stricto) are important phytopathogens and agents of human infections, while other strains and species have beneficial bioremediation and biocontrol activities. Traditionally, these important species have been difficult to differentiate phenotypically; thus, rRNA lineage analyses have often been invoked. In this report, a newly developed approach is described to rapidly detect and distinguish fluorescent Pseudomonas isolates: PCR amplification of a Pseudomonas-specific 990-bp ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) fragment [Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64 (1998) 2545.] coupled with multiple enzyme restriction fragment length polymorphism (MERFLP) analysis using a single digestion mixture of AluI, HinfI, RsaI, and Tru9I incubated at 37 degree C. The method distinguished 116 published sequences and 47 reference strains of authentic Pseudomonas representing 28 nomenspecies. A total of 55% (64 /116) of the sequences analyzed by MERFLP were grouped into distinct phylogenetic clusters including Pseudomonas putida, P. syringae, P. aeruginosa, P. stutzeri, and P. fluorescens. The utility of the MERFLPs was confirmed when 100% (33/33) of the above named control reference strains were correctly placed into their phylogenetic clusters. The environmental relevance of the MERFLP method was confirmed when 67% of 28 forest and agricultural soil-derived presumptive Pseudomonas environmental clones and isolates were placed into the five major pseudomonad clusters, one clone fell into the P. agarici cluster, and five clones clustered near related pseudomonads. These data demonstrated that the PCR-MERFLP protocol provides an efficient and powerful tool for distinguishing isolates and rDNA gene libraries of environmental Pseudomonas species. JF - Journal of Microbiological Methods AU - Porteous, LA AU - Widmer, F AU - Seidler, R J AD - National Health and Ecological Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, Western Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, 200 S.W. 35th Street, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA, arlene@mail.cor.epa.gov Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - Nov 2002 SP - 337 EP - 348 PB - Elsevier Science VL - 51 IS - 3 SN - 0167-7012, 0167-7012 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02726:RNA and ribosomes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18492060?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.atitle=Multiple+enzyme+restriction+fragment+length+polymorphism+analysis+for+high+resolution+distinction+of+Pseudomonas+%28sensu+stricto%29+16S+rRNA+genes&rft.au=Porteous%2C+LA%3BWidmer%2C+F%3BSeidler%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Porteous&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=337&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.issn=01677012&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atmospheric Mercury in the Lake Michigan Basin: Influence of the Chicago/Gary Urban Area AN - 16155708; 5653256 AB - The relative importance of the Chicago/Gay urban area was investigated to determine its impact on atmospheric mercury (Hg) concentrations and wet deposition in the Lake Michigan basin. Event wet-only precipitation, total particulate, and vapor phase samples were collected for Hg, and trace element determinations from five sites around Lake Michigan from July 1994 through October 1995 as part of the Lake Michigan Mass Balance Study (LMMBS). In addition, intensive over-water measurements were conducted aboard the EPA research vessel Lake Guardian during the summer of 1994 and the winter of 1995 as part of the Atmospheric Exchange Over Lakes and Oceans Study. Atmospheric Hg concentrations were found to be significantly higher in the Chicago/Gary urban area than surrounding sites: Hg in precipitation was a factor of 2 and particulate Hg was a factor of 6 times higher. Over-water measurements found elevated Hg concentrations 19 km off shore of Chicago/Gary suggesting an enhanced near field atmospheric deposition to Lake Michigan. Meteorological transport analyses also determined that local sources in the Chicago/Gary urban area significantly impacted all of the LMMBS sites indicating a broad impact to the entire Lake Michigan basin. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Landis AU - Vette, A F AU - Keeler, G J AD - U.S. EPA, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, landis.matthew@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/11/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 01 SP - 4508 EP - 4517 VL - 36 IS - 21 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - USA, Illinois, Chicago KW - Particulate matter in urban air KW - Particulates KW - Freshwater KW - Wet deposition of mercury KW - Trace elements KW - Vapors KW - Lakes KW - Environmental effects KW - Trace elements in atmosphere KW - Urban areas KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Trace elements in precipitation KW - Trace elements in lake water KW - Environmental impact KW - Wet deposition KW - Precipitation KW - Water pollution KW - USA, Michigan L. KW - USA, Indiana, Gary KW - Mercury emissions KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Urban atmospheric pollution KW - Mercury KW - M2 551.502:Meteorological Networks (551.502) KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16155708?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Atmospheric+Mercury+in+the+Lake+Michigan+Basin%3A+Influence+of+the+Chicago%2FGary+Urban+Area&rft.au=Landis%3BVette%2C+A+F%3BKeeler%2C+G+J&rft.aulast=Landis&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=4508&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes011216j LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric precipitations; Lakes; Atmospheric chemistry; Environmental effects; Environmental impact; Mercury; Particulates; Water pollution; Trace elements; Trace elements in precipitation; Trace elements in lake water; Mercury emissions; Trace elements in atmosphere; Urban atmospheric pollution; Particulate matter in urban air; Precipitation; Wet deposition of mercury; Vapors; Wet deposition; Urban areas; USA, Illinois, Chicago; USA, Michigan L.; USA, Indiana, Gary; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es011216j ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atmospheric Mercury Deposition to Lake Michigan during the Lake Michigan Mass Balance Study AN - 16154886; 5653257 AB - Wet and dry mercury (Hg) deposition were calculated to Lake Michigan using a hybrid receptor modeling framework. The model utilized mercury monitoring data collected during the Lake Michigan Mass Balance Study and the Atmospheric Exchange Over Lakes and Oceans Study together with high-resolution over-water meteorological data provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (July, 1994-October, 1995). Atmospheric deposition was determined to be the primary pathway for mercury input to Lake Michigan, contributing approximately 84% of the estimated 1403 kg total annual input (atmospheric deposition + tributary input). Wet (10.6 mu g m super(-2)) and dry deposition (9.7 mu g m super(-2)) contributed almost equally to the annual atmospheric Hg deposition of 20.3 mu g m super(-2) (1173 kg). Re-emission of dissolved gaseous Hg from the lake was also significant (7.8 mu g m super(-2)), reducing the net atmospheric deposition to 12.5 mu g m super(-2) (720 kg). A strong urban influence was observed in the over-water mercury deposition estimates in the southern portion of the lake. The Chicago/Gary urban area was estimated to contribute approximately 20% (127 kg) of the annual atmospheric mercury deposition to Lake Michigan. The magnitude of local anthropogenic mercury sources in the Chicago/Gary urban area suggests that emission reductions could significantly reduce atmospheric mercury deposition into Lake Michigan. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Landis AU - Keeler, G J AD - U.S. EPA, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, landis.matthew@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/11/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 01 SP - 4518 EP - 4524 VL - 36 IS - 21 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - USA, Michigan L. KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - USA, Illinois, Chicago KW - Meteorological data KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - Water Pollution Sources KW - Air-water Interfaces KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Mercury sources KW - Freshwater KW - Atmosphere KW - Trace elements KW - Lakes KW - Environmental effects KW - Mercury-197 KW - Data Collections KW - Urban areas KW - Modelling KW - Air Pollution KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Environmental impact KW - Pollution Load KW - Modelling (Pollution) KW - Water pollution KW - Model Studies KW - Pollutant deposition KW - Mercury deposition KW - Urban influences KW - Urban Areas KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Load Distribution KW - Deposition KW - Air-water interactions KW - Mercury KW - Dry deposition KW - Mass transfer KW - Pollution control KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16154886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Atmospheric+Mercury+Deposition+to+Lake+Michigan+during+the+Lake+Michigan+Mass+Balance+Study&rft.au=Landis%3BKeeler%2C+G+J&rft.aulast=Landis&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=4518&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes011217b LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric precipitations; Meteorological data; Lakes; Atmospheric chemistry; Environmental effects; Environmental impact; Anthropogenic factors; Mercury; Mass transfer; Water pollution; Modelling; Trace elements; Atmospheric pollution models; Mercury deposition; Atmospheric pollution; Urban influences; Mercury sources; Dry deposition; Pollutant deposition; Air-water interactions; Pollution control; Urban areas; Deposition; Mercury-197; Modelling (Pollution); Atmosphere; Air Pollution; Water Pollution Sources; Urban Areas; Air-water Interfaces; Load Distribution; Pollution Load; Model Studies; Data Collections; USA, Illinois, Chicago; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es011217b ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temporal association between pulmonary and systemic effects of particulate matter in healthy and cardiovascular compromised rats. AN - 72614219; 12396868 AB - Exposure to particulate matter (PM) has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality among individuals with cardiovascular disease. It is hypothesized that systemic alterations occur concurrent to pulmonary injury/inflammation, and contribute to cardiac events in compromised hosts. We explored this hypothesis using a rat model for human hypertension and cardiovascular disease (spontaneously hypertensive, SH), and normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats. SH and WKY rats (12-13 wk old) were exposed either intratracheally (IT; 0.0, 1.0, or 5.0 mg/kg in saline) or nose-only (15 mg/m(3) x 6 h/d x 3 d/wk x 1, 2 or 4 wk) to combustion source residual oil fly ash (ROFA) with low metal content, and examined 1, 2 or 4 d later. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) albumin and neutrophils increased (SH approximately equal WKY) at d 1 following ROFA IT. With inhalation exposure, both strains experienced progressive histological lung damage and increases in BALF albumin and neutrophils during 1 to 4 wk (SH > WKY). Acute lung injury from ROFA IT was temporally associated with increases in plasma fibrinogen in both strains, but only the SH rats responded to the acute 1-wk ROFA inhalation. Longer term (2 or 4 wk) ROFA caused progressive lung injury (SH > WKY), but did not sustain the increase in fibrinogen. BALF glutathione increased in a temporal fashion similar to fibrinogen; however, only WKY rats demonstrated this response. There was a small but consistent decrease in blood lymphocytes and an increase in blood neutrophils in SH rats exposed to ROFA acutely. In conclusion, acute PM exposure can provoke an acute systemic thrombogenic response associated with pulmonary injury/inflammation and oxidative stress in cardiovascular compromised rats. This evidence is consistent with greater cardiovascular events during acute PM episodes in compromised humans. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A AU - Kodavanti, Urmila P AU - Schladweiler, Mette C AU - Ledbetter, Allen D AU - Hauser, Russ AU - Christiani, David C AU - McGee, John AU - Richards, Judy R AU - Costa, Daniel L AD - Experimental Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. kodavanti.urmila@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/10/25/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Oct 25 SP - 1545 EP - 1569 VL - 65 IS - 20 SN - 1528-7394, 1528-7394 KW - Aerosols KW - 0 KW - Albumins KW - Coal Ash KW - Particulate Matter KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Albumins -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Neutrophils -- cytology KW - Rats, Inbred WKY KW - Particle Size KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Organ Size KW - Inflammation KW - Rats KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- chemistry KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Hypertension -- pathology KW - Cardiovascular Diseases -- pathology KW - Lung -- pathology KW - Lung -- metabolism KW - Carbon -- toxicity KW - Carbon -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72614219?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+A&rft.atitle=Temporal+association+between+pulmonary+and+systemic+effects+of+particulate+matter+in+healthy+and+cardiovascular+compromised+rats.&rft.au=Kodavanti%2C+Urmila+P%3BSchladweiler%2C+Mette+C%3BLedbetter%2C+Allen+D%3BHauser%2C+Russ%3BChristiani%2C+David+C%3BMcGee%2C+John%3BRichards%2C+Judy+R%3BCosta%2C+Daniel+L&rft.aulast=Kodavanti&rft.aufirst=Urmila&rft.date=2002-10-25&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=1545&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+A&rft.issn=15287394&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-12-03 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An electrochemical system for removing and recovering elemental mercury from a gas stream. AN - 72190249; 12387419 AB - The impending EPA regulations on the control of mercury emissions from the flue stacks of coal-burning electric utilities has resulted in the development of numerous advanced mercury control technologies such as sorbent injection and in-situ mercury oxidation. Although these technologies can effectively remove mercury from a flue stack they share, along with many other technologies, the common shortcoming of intermedia pollution transfer i.e. the traffic of mercury from the air phase to the solid phase and the subsequent generation of residue for landfill. This work addresses the need for an integrated system of mercury removal and recovery from flue stack gases and from the environment. The research explored the capture of elemental mercury from the gas phase at ambient temperature on an electrically conductive porous sorbent. The mercury loaded sorbent was regenerated at the anode in an electrochemical cell and the oxidized mercury recovered at the cathode as solid elemental mercury. Activated carbon cloth was selected as the most suitable sorbent as it had the highest mercury adsorption capacity of the sorbents tested and was electrically conductive. Direct and indirect electro-oxidation were shown to remove 95% and 100%, respectively, of the elemental mercury from the carbon cloth. After regeneration the carbon cloth was reused without any loss in mercury adsorption capacity. More than 99% of the mercury stripped from the cloth during regeneration was recovered at the cathode. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Bolger, Paul T AU - Szlag, David C AD - National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA. paul.bolger@bnm.ie Y1 - 2002/10/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Oct 15 SP - 4430 EP - 4435 VL - 36 IS - 20 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Coal KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Incineration KW - Adsorption KW - Electrochemistry KW - Power Plants KW - Mercury -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- isolation & purification KW - Mercury -- isolation & purification KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72190249?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=An+electrochemical+system+for+removing+and+recovering+elemental+mercury+from+a+gas+stream.&rft.au=Bolger%2C+Paul+T%3BSzlag%2C+David+C&rft.aulast=Bolger&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2002-10-15&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=4430&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-02-21 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Environ Sci Technol. 2002 Nov 1;36(21):408A-409A [12433150] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reductive activation of dioxygen for degradation of methyl tert-butyl ether by bifunctional aluminum. AN - 72188174; 12387420 AB - Bifunctional aluminum is prepared by sulfating aluminum metal with sulfuric acid. The use of bifunctional aluminum to degrade methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) in the presence of dioxygen has been examined using batch systems. Primary degradation products were tert-butyl alcohol, tert-butyl formate, acetone, and methyl acetate. The initial rate of MTBE degradation exhibited pseudo-first-order behavior, and the half-life of reaction was less than 6 h. XPS analysis indicates the formation of sulfate at the surface of bifunctional aluminum. The concentration of surface sulfate varies linearly with increasing strength of the sulfuric acid used during bifunctional aluminum preparation. The rate of MTBE degradation is a function of the concentration of the surface sulfate. MTBE degradation rates increased by a factor of 2 as surface sulfate concentrations increased from 233 to 641 micromol/m2. This relationship implies that sulfate at the surface of bifunctional aluminum acts as a reactive site. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Lien, Hsing-Lung AU - Wilkin, Richard AD - National Research Council and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Ada, Oklahoma 74820, USA. lien.sam@nuk.edu.tw Y1 - 2002/10/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Oct 15 SP - 4436 EP - 4440 VL - 36 IS - 20 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Methyl Ethers KW - Solvents KW - methyl tert-butyl ether KW - 29I4YB3S89 KW - Aluminum KW - CPD4NFA903 KW - Oxygen KW - S88TT14065 KW - Index Medicus KW - Half-Life KW - Aluminum -- chemistry KW - Solvents -- chemistry KW - Carcinogens -- chemistry KW - Oxygen -- chemistry KW - Methyl Ethers -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72188174?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Reductive+activation+of+dioxygen+for+degradation+of+methyl+tert-butyl+ether+by+bifunctional+aluminum.&rft.au=Lien%2C+Hsing-Lung%3BWilkin%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Lien&rft.aufirst=Hsing-Lung&rft.date=2002-10-15&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=4436&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-02-21 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental stewardship and drugs as pollutants. AN - 72189278; 12383980 JF - Lancet (London, England) AU - Daughton, Christian G AD - US EPA/ORD, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA. daughton.christian@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/10/05/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Oct 05 SP - 1035 EP - 1036 VL - 360 IS - 9339 SN - 0140-6736, 0140-6736 KW - Sewage KW - 0 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Risk Assessment -- methods KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Sewage -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Health KW - Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions KW - Water Pollution, Chemical -- adverse effects KW - Water Pollution, Chemical -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72189278?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lancet+%28London%2C+England%29&rft.atitle=Environmental+stewardship+and+drugs+as+pollutants.&rft.au=Daughton%2C+Christian+G&rft.aulast=Daughton&rft.aufirst=Christian&rft.date=2002-10-05&rft.volume=360&rft.issue=9339&rft.spage=1035&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Lancet+%28London%2C+England%29&rft.issn=01406736&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-11-06 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparison of the estrogenic potencies of estradiol, ethynylestradiol, diethylstilbestrol, nonylphenol and methoxychlor in vivo and in vitro. AN - 72042730; 12204590 AB - Five natural, pharmaceutical, or xenobiotic chemicals [17beta-estradiol (E2), ethynylestradiol (EE2), diethystilbestrol (DES), methoxychlor (MXC), nonylphenol (NP)] were tested in two in vitro assays [yeast estrogen screen (YES), MCF-7 breast tumor cell proliferation (E-Screen)], and compared with previously reported results from two in vivo male sheepshead minnow vitellogenin (VTG) production studies. The purpose of this investigation was to determine how accurately the two in vitro assays predicted responses observed in live animals. EC50 values for all five chemicals were approximately one order of magnitude less sensitive in the YES assay than in the MCF-7 assay. Based on the EC50 values, DES was 1.1 (YES) to 2.5 (MCF-7) times more potent in these receptor binding assays than was E2, while EE2 was slightly less potent than E2 in the YES assay (0.7) and nearly twice as potent (1.9) as E2 in the MCF-7 assay. EE2 and DES were of approximately equal potency in the 13-day sheepshead minnow VTG production bioassay. Both MXC and NP were 10(7) times less potent than E2 in the YES assay, MXC was 10(5) times less estrogenic than E2 in the MCF-7 assay, while both were approximately 100 times less potent than E2 in the live animal bioassay. The in vitro tests were substantially less sensitive (at least 1000 times) than the sheepshead minnow VTG assay for estimating estrogenic potency of the two xenobiotic chemicals, which suggests that in vitro-based, large-scale screening programs could potentially result in many false negative evaluations. JF - Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) AU - Folmar, Leroy C AU - Hemmer, Michael J AU - Denslow, Nancy D AU - Kroll, Kevin AU - Chen, Jian AU - Cheek, Ann AU - Richman, Harold AU - Meredith, Hillary AU - Grau, E Gordon AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA. folmar.leroy@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2002/10/02/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Oct 02 SP - 101 EP - 110 VL - 60 IS - 1-2 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - Estrogens KW - 0 KW - Estrogens, Non-Steroidal KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated KW - Insecticides KW - Vitellogenins KW - Xenobiotics KW - Index Medicus KW - Yeasts KW - False Negative Reactions KW - Animals KW - Vitellogenins -- biosynthesis KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Breast Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Cyprinidae -- physiology KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Predictive Value of Tests KW - Forecasting KW - Male KW - Insecticides -- adverse effects KW - Xenobiotics -- pharmacology KW - Xenobiotics -- toxicity KW - Estrogens, Non-Steroidal -- pharmacology KW - Estrogens, Non-Steroidal -- adverse effects KW - Estrogens -- physiology KW - Insecticides -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72042730?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+toxicology+%28Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands%29&rft.atitle=A+comparison+of+the+estrogenic+potencies+of+estradiol%2C+ethynylestradiol%2C+diethylstilbestrol%2C+nonylphenol+and+methoxychlor+in+vivo+and+in+vitro.&rft.au=Folmar%2C+Leroy+C%3BHemmer%2C+Michael+J%3BDenslow%2C+Nancy+D%3BKroll%2C+Kevin%3BChen%2C+Jian%3BCheek%2C+Ann%3BRichman%2C+Harold%3BMeredith%2C+Hillary%3BGrau%2C+E+Gordon&rft.aulast=Folmar&rft.aufirst=Leroy&rft.date=2002-10-02&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+toxicology+%28Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands%29&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-10-16 N1 - Date created - 2002-09-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Glutathione and metallothionein status in an acute response by Mercenaria mercenaria brown cells to copper in vivo. AN - 72845211; 12568466 AB - Red glands of Mercenaria mercenaria comprise brown cells that accumulate, detoxify, and excrete copper. Brown cell involvement in metal detoxification is due in part to endogenous glutathione (GSH) and metallothionein (MT). The intent of this study was to test the hypotheses that brown cell GSH functions in protection against Cu2+ toxicity, that brown cell GSH provides the initial defense against Cu2+ prior to brown cell MT induction, and that MT variants (MTI, MTII), if present are unequal in response to Cu2+. Brown cells were analyzed for GSH and MT after 0.25, 1, 2, 3, and 4 days of treatment of Mercenaria with 0.01 and 0.05 ppm Cu2+. Glutathione initiated the brown cell acute response (within the first day of treatment) to both the 0.01 and 0.05 ppm Cu2+ treatments. Metallothionein in brown cells increased to Day 4 during treatment with 0.01 ppm Cu2+, whereas MT concentration was greatest at Day 2 after which it decreased to Day 4 with treatment of 0.05 ppm Cu2+. The change in MTII relative to its control was greater than that of MTI in the brown cell acute response to 0.01 ppm Cu2+ and also for Days 0.25 to 2 in response to the 0.05 ppm Cu2+ treatment. At Days 3 and 4 with the 0.05 ppm Cu2+ the change in MTI/MTII ratio was due to a greater change in MTI than MTII relative to their respective controls. The variants of brown cell MT appear to respond differently to Cu2+ depending on the Cu2+ treatment concentration. JF - Ecotoxicology and environmental safety AU - Zaroogian, G AU - Norwood, C AD - Atlantic Ecology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, US. Environmental Protection Agency, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882, USA. Zaroogian.Jerry@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 285 EP - 292 VL - 53 IS - 2 SN - 0147-6513, 0147-6513 KW - Copper KW - 789U1901C5 KW - Metallothionein KW - 9038-94-2 KW - Glutathione KW - GAN16C9B8O KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Injections KW - Time Factors KW - Electrophoresis, Capillary KW - Exocrine Glands -- cytology KW - Copper -- pharmacokinetics KW - Exocrine Glands -- metabolism KW - Mollusca -- metabolism KW - Mollusca -- drug effects KW - Glutathione -- metabolism KW - Copper -- toxicity KW - Metallothionein -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72845211?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+and+environmental+safety&rft.atitle=Glutathione+and+metallothionein+status+in+an+acute+response+by+Mercenaria+mercenaria+brown+cells+to+copper+in+vivo.&rft.au=Zaroogian%2C+G%3BNorwood%2C+C&rft.aulast=Zaroogian&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+and+environmental+safety&rft.issn=01476513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-04 N1 - Date created - 2003-02-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global government applications of analogues, SARs and QSARs to predict aquatic toxicity, chemical or physical properties, environmental fate parameters and health effects of organic chemicals. AN - 72757046; 12479375 AB - Faced with the need to predict physical and chemical properties, environmental fate, ecological effects and health effects of organic chemicals in the absence of experimental data, several Government organizations have been applying analogues, Structure Activity Relationships (SARs) and Quantitative Structure Activity Relationships (QSARs) to develop those predictions. To establish some benchmarks for monitoring future increases in applications of analogues, SARs and QSARs by global Government organizations, this paper describes the current applications of analogues, SARs and QSARs by Australian, Canadian, Danish, European, German, Japanese, Netherlands, and United States Government organizations to predict physical and chemical properties, environmental fate, ecological effects and health effects of organic chemicals. JF - SAR and QSAR in environmental research AU - Walker, J D AU - Carlsen, L AU - Hulzebos, E AU - Simon-Hettich, B AD - TSCA Interagency Testing Committee (ITC), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (7401M), 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20460, USA. walker.johnd@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 607 EP - 616 VL - 13 IS - 6 SN - 1062-936X, 1062-936X KW - Water Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Canada KW - Chemistry, Physical KW - Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Europe KW - Denmark KW - Australia KW - Netherlands KW - Germany KW - Japan KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Government KW - Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Structure-Activity Relationship UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72757046?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.atitle=Global+government+applications+of+analogues%2C+SARs+and+QSARs+to+predict+aquatic+toxicity%2C+chemical+or+physical+properties%2C+environmental+fate+parameters+and+health+effects+of+organic+chemicals.&rft.au=Walker%2C+J+D%3BCarlsen%2C+L%3BHulzebos%2C+E%3BSimon-Hettich%2C+B&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=607&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.issn=1062936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-03-13 N1 - Date created - 2002-12-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The U.S. EPA Science Advisory Board Evaluation (2001) of the EPA dioxin reassessment. AN - 72730147; 12460755 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) began a "reassessment" of the risks posed by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD or dioxin) and related chemicals in 1991 and issued an interim report in 1994. In 1995, the Science Advisory Board (SAB) reviewed this document and requested revisions. After considerable additional work, EPA issued its final draft report in September 2000. A new EPA SAB reviewed this draft and issued its recommendations in June 2001. This group of scientists offered suggestions to EPA on the following topics, which are discussed in some detail in this article: classification as a "known" human carcinogen, how to estimate the carcinogenic potency, the possible significance of the noncancer hazard, the proper dose metric for cancer and noncancer effects, the uncertainties inherent in the toxicity equivalency factor approach, use of the margin of exposure approach, adequacy of the exposure assessment, body burden calculations, risks to breast feeding children, nonmonotonic responses (U- or J-shaped dose-response curves, or hormetic effect), the possible significance of naturally occurring dioxin-like chemicals, and risks to special populations. The basis for the recommendations, as generally presented in the SAB report, is described here. A discussion of some of the recently published work within the regulatory and scientific communities that has been issued since the SAB report is also presented. Copyright 2002 Elsevier Science (USA) JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Paustenbach, Dennis J AU - EPA Science Advisory Board AD - Exponent, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA. dpaustenbach@exponent.com ; EPA Science Advisory Board Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 211 EP - 219 VL - 36 IS - 2 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Dioxins KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Pesticide Residues KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Body Burden KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Male KW - Female KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Dioxins -- adverse effects KW - Dioxins -- classification KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- standards KW - Environmental Pollutants -- classification KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Risk Assessment KW - Advisory Committees UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72730147?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=The+U.S.+EPA+Science+Advisory+Board+Evaluation+%282001%29+of+the+EPA+dioxin+reassessment.&rft.au=Paustenbach%2C+Dennis+J%3BEPA+Science+Advisory+Board&rft.aulast=Paustenbach&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-15 N1 - Date created - 2002-12-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A regional atmospheric fate and transport model for atrazine. 1. Development and implementation. AN - 72179035; 12380080 AB - The Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system is adapted to simulate the regional transport and fate of atrazine, one of the most widely used herbicides in the United States. Model chemistry and deposition are modified, and a gas-to-particle partitioning algorithm is added to accommodate semivolatile behavior. The partitioning algorithm depends on humidity, temperature, and particulate matter concentration and composition. Results indicate that gaseous atrazine will usually dominate warm season atmospheric concentrations, but particulate form can surpass gas forms when atmospheric humidity is high (> 70%) and less-acidic (pH > 2.5) aqueous aerosol component is present. Implementation of the modified CMAQ for atrazine is illustrated, and, within the limits of our current understanding, preliminary transport and fate patterns appear to be reasonable. This research represents one of the first attempts to include a gas-to-particulate matter partitioning mechanism in an Eulerian grid-model. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Cooter, Ellen J AU - Hutzell, William T AD - NOAA Air Resources Laboratory, Atmospheric Sciences Modeling Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, MD-E243-01, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. cooter.ellen@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/10/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Oct 01 SP - 4091 EP - 4098 VL - 36 IS - 19 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Gases KW - Herbicides KW - Atrazine KW - QJA9M5H4IM KW - Index Medicus KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Volatilization KW - Humidity KW - Air Movements KW - Herbicides -- analysis KW - Atrazine -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72179035?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=A+regional+atmospheric+fate+and+transport+model+for+atrazine.+1.+Development+and+implementation.&rft.au=Cooter%2C+Ellen+J%3BHutzell%2C+William+T&rft.aulast=Cooter&rft.aufirst=Ellen&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=4091&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-02-11 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tools for Comparative Analysis of Alternatives: Competing or Complementary Perspectives? AN - 60638919; 200308566 AB - A third generation of environmental policy making & risk management will increasingly impose environmental measures, which may give rise to analyzing countervailing risks. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis of all risks associated with the decision alternatives will aid decisionmakers in prioritizing alternatives that effectively reduce both target & countervailing risks. Starting with the metaphor of the ripples caused by a stone that is thrown into a pond, we identify 10 types of ripples that symbolize, in our case, risks that deserve closer examination: direct, upstream, downstream, accidental risks, occupational risks, risks due to offsetting behavior, change in disposable income, macroeconomic changes, depletion of natural resources, & risks to the manmade environment. Tools to analyze these risks were developed independently & recently have been applied to overlapping fields of application. This suggests that either the tools should be linked in a unified framework for comparative analysis or the appropriate field of application for single tools should be better understood. The goals of this article are to create a better foundation for understanding the nature & coverage of available tools & to identify the remaining gaps. None of the tools is designed to deal with all 10 types of risk. Provided data suggest that, of the 10 types of identified risks, those associated with changes in disposable income may be particularly significant when decision alternatives differ with respect to their effects on disposable income. Finally, the present analysis was limited to analytical questions & did not capture the important role of the decision-making process itself. 2 Tables, 4 Figures, 125 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Risk Analysis AU - Hofstetter, Patrick AU - Bare, Jane C AU - Hammitt, James K AU - Murphy, Patricia A AU - Rice, Glenn E AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC patrick_hofstetter@yahoo.com Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 833 EP - 851 VL - 22 IS - 5 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Risk KW - Comparative Analysis KW - Policy Making KW - Economic Conditions KW - Environmental Policy KW - Environmental Protection KW - Measures (Instruments) KW - Risk Assessment KW - article KW - 9261: public policy/administration; public policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60638919?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Tools+for+Comparative+Analysis+of+Alternatives%3A+Competing+or+Complementary+Perspectives%3F&rft.au=Hofstetter%2C+Patrick%3BBare%2C+Jane+C%3BHammitt%2C+James+K%3BMurphy%2C+Patricia+A%3BRice%2C+Glenn+E&rft.aulast=Hofstetter&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=833&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - RIANDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental Policy; Risk Assessment; Policy Making; Comparative Analysis; Environmental Protection; Economic Conditions; Measures (Instruments); Risk ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Examples of groundwater mining; Denver, Tucson, Chicago, Las Vegas AN - 52004361; 2003-029133 AB - There has been a large increase in groundwater use in the United States for irrigation and municipal supplies. The U.S. Geological Survey has noted that increased groundwater use mining is a significant issue in almost every state. The development of groundwater has led to declining water levels and artesian head in a number of states. In several areas groundwater levels have declined 91 m (300 feet) or more in the past 10 years. Five case histories were selected where groundwater mining has had a major impact: Denver Colorado, Tucson Arizona, Chicago Illinois, Central Valley of California, and Las Vegas Nevada. In these areas groundwater mining has caused serious environmental and other problems as follows: 1. Stream flow depletion, 2. Land subsidence, 3. Saltwater intrusion, 4. Increased cost to deepen wells, 5. Increased costs to pump groundwater, 6. Decrease in well yield, 7. Drying up of shallow wells and springs, 8. Degradation of water quality. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Moore, John Ezra AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 54 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - Denver County Colorado KW - salt-water intrusion KW - geologic hazards KW - development KW - pumping KW - land subsidence KW - Clark County Nevada KW - irrigation KW - ground water KW - California KW - artesian waters KW - Denver Colorado KW - levels KW - Chicago Illinois KW - water yield KW - springs KW - Tucson Arizona KW - Pima County Arizona KW - Nevada KW - Cook County Illinois KW - water use KW - water supply KW - Illinois KW - cost KW - Central Valley KW - case studies KW - streamflow KW - Arizona KW - Las Vegas Nevada KW - Colorado KW - water wells KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52004361?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Examples+of+groundwater+mining%3B+Denver%2C+Tucson%2C+Chicago%2C+Las+Vegas&rft.au=Moore%2C+John+Ezra%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=54&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arizona; artesian waters; California; case studies; Central Valley; Chicago Illinois; Clark County Nevada; Colorado; Cook County Illinois; cost; Denver Colorado; Denver County Colorado; development; geologic hazards; ground water; Illinois; irrigation; land subsidence; Las Vegas Nevada; levels; Nevada; Pima County Arizona; pumping; salt-water intrusion; springs; streamflow; Tucson Arizona; United States; water quality; water supply; water use; water wells; water yield ER - TY - JOUR T1 - What the heck is happening to mine pool water at Leadville? AN - 52001482; 2003-029119 AB - The hydrogeology of the Leadville Mining District is complex and presents a serious challenge when the goal is to describe what and what may not be "mine pool water" in the presence of shallow and deep ground water and seasonal recharge. This catchment is at an altitude of more than 3,000-4300 m asl and thus contains a significant portion of snow and ice that, until this summer, was essentially perennial. A CERCLA investigation involves California Gulch, an essentially perennial surface stream, that prior to construction of the Leadville Mine Drainage Tunnel (LMDT) also involved ground water that was part of the mine pool. Mine Pool Water currently discharges through the LMDT to a treatment plant operated by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, but unfortunately the state of repair of this tunnel is questionable at best. Data from the mine pool from the past decade show ominous rising ground-water levels and suggest that the efficiency of the drainage tunnel is declining. Unfortunately the rising ground water levels are not accompanied by a great amount of data and although it seems that mine pool waters may actually be rising, it is not clear why, since snow pack (and recharge?) has been declining for years. Using tracing and tritium data it appears that the LMDT waters are being mixed with surface waters, however, even though the largest amount of snow melt occurs in the spring, hydrographs seem to peak in September. Stable isotope data suggest that for the entire summer, frozen precipitation is the source of the recharge--possibly explained by the nature of recharge from the high altitude catchment area. Isotopic data collected at different times of the year show shifts in fractionation that sometimes suggest rapid recharge of mine workings in the "vadose zone", significant components of high-altitude surface water, and possibly transfer of other water from a catchment area that discharges through the adjacent Yak Drainage Tunnel. Possible methods of measuring the relative contributions of these waters may seem laborious but this may have to be done to even partially understand what is what. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Holmes, Michael AU - Davies, Gareth J AU - Wireman, Michael AU - King, Karmen AU - Gertson, Jord N AU - Stefanic, Jenelle M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 52 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - California Gulch KW - isotope fractionation KW - isotopes KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - tritium KW - Leadville mining district KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - levels KW - hydrographs KW - tunnels KW - snow KW - tracers KW - discharge KW - water KW - Superfund KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - recharge KW - Lake County Colorado KW - hydrogen KW - seasonal variations KW - Colorado KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52001482?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=What+the+heck+is+happening+to+mine+pool+water+at+Leadville%3F&rft.au=Holmes%2C+Michael%3BDavies%2C+Gareth+J%3BWireman%2C+Michael%3BKing%2C+Karmen%3BGertson%2C+Jord+N%3BStefanic%2C+Jenelle+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Holmes&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=52&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitation; California Gulch; Colorado; discharge; ground water; hydrogen; hydrographs; isotope fractionation; isotopes; Lake County Colorado; Leadville mining district; levels; pollution; radioactive isotopes; recharge; seasonal variations; snow; Superfund; surface water; tracers; tritium; tunnels; United States; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA perspectives on coal combustion waste mine placement AN - 51978645; 2003-027174 AB - Under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), the legislation under which EPA regulates solid and hazardous waste, EPA is conducting a study of coal combustion waste (CCW). This paper focuses on the placement of CCW in or on land from which minerals have been or are being extracted (i.e., backfilled into mined areas), a practice also known as minefilling. Mine placement of CCW may occur in surface or underground coal mines or in sand and gravel pits or other types of mines. The use of CCW for minefilling is a recent but rapidly growing practice. Commercial electric power producers (e.g., electric utilities) are currently the only known generators of CCW that is minefilled. Minefilling may be practiced either for disposal purposes as an alternative to disposal in a landfill or surface impoundment, or can be practiced in ways that take advantage of certain beneficial properties of the waste (e.g., controlled placement of alkaline coal ash in the acidic environment of an abandoned coal mine to assist in neutralizing acid mine drainage). EPA is engaged in information collection to fill information needs on minefill practices and controls. EPA's goals are to ensure that minefilling is practiced in an environmentally protective manner, and to identify best management practices for minefilling. The mines in which CCW is placed may have direct hydraulic connection with underground sources of drinking water and with surface waters. As explained in the May 2000 Regulatory Determination on CCW, EPA's primary concerns involve direct placement in ground water, acid leaching potential, and adequate monitoring. The Regulatory Determination also acknowledged EPA's lack of information on practices and controls for minefilling. This paper will present EPA's concerns and perspectives on CCW minefill issues, including the status of EPA's information gathering activities regarding minefill management practices and controls. -- Disclaimer: This paper presents the opinion of the author and does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Robinson, Bonnie B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 18 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - hazardous waste KW - Resource Conservation and Recovery Act KW - mining KW - mines KW - monitoring KW - acid mine drainage KW - underground mining KW - legislation KW - government agencies KW - coal mines KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - combustion KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mining geology KW - coal KW - waste disposal KW - leaching KW - solid waste KW - abandoned mines KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51978645?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=EPA+perspectives+on+coal+combustion+waste+mine+placement&rft.au=Robinson%2C+Bonnie+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Bonnie&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - abandoned mines; acid mine drainage; coal; coal mines; combustion; drinking water; government agencies; ground water; hazardous waste; leaching; legislation; mines; mining; mining geology; monitoring; pollution; Resource Conservation and Recovery Act; sedimentary rocks; solid waste; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; underground mining; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using analytic element models to delineate drinking water source protection areas in Ohio AN - 51974121; 2003-046054 AB - The 1996 Amendments to the Safe Drinking Water Act require the delineation of drinking water source protection areas for all public water systems by May, 2003. The Amendments also specify that delineations should be completed with existing data. Ohio EPA wanted to select a delineation method that was technically defensible, but also attainable given the time and resource constraints (Ohio has >6,000 public water systems). The most commonly used delineation programs, WHPA and MODFLOW, were impractical since WHPA is not capable of simulating many of Ohio's more complex aquifers and the information necessary to develop an appropriate MODFLOW model is unavailable for most of the state. Ohio EPA decided that analytic element modeling, specifically GFLOW, was the best delineation option. GFLOW has an easy to use Graphical User Interface, GIS compatibility, and the ability to model the inhomogeneities common in Ohio's complex buried valley aquifers. In addition, the lack of a model grid eliminates much of the guesswork of determining appropriate model size, and makes expanding the modeled area much simpler. Many Ohio EPA staff, however, were skeptical about analytic element models and did not believe GFLOW could provide an accurate delineation. To evaluate GFLOW's effectiveness, Ohio EPA compared delineations completed by consultants using other delineation methods with models Ohio EPA staff created using GFLOW. In many cases the GFLOW models were created for the same public water system by multiple staff to determine the potential variability of modeling results. The results of the analysis changed many opinions, as the GFLOW-modeled protection areas often closely resembled the delineations completed using other methods. In one case, the GFLOW model was considered to produce a more appropriate protection area, since the model grid for the MODFLOW model was too small and did not encompass the entire GFLOW-derived protection area. Ohio EPA has utilized GFLOW to successfully delineate protection areas for hundreds of public water systems and will continue to use GFLOW for future modeling in Ohio. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Raymond, Heather Alane AU - Hunt, Kristy AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 100 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - protection KW - analytic element method KW - MODFLOW KW - GFLOW KW - Safe Drinking Water Act KW - simulation KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - future KW - Ohio KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51974121?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Using+analytic+element+models+to+delineate+drinking+water+source+protection+areas+in+Ohio&rft.au=Raymond%2C+Heather+Alane%3BHunt%2C+Kristy%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Raymond&rft.aufirst=Heather&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=100&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - analytic element method; aquifers; drinking water; future; GFLOW; ground water; models; MODFLOW; Ohio; protection; Safe Drinking Water Act; simulation; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The drinking water regulation for arsenic AN - 51860152; 2004-033128 AB - Arsenic (As) is a well-known human poison. Drinking water contaminated with As has been associated with a myriad of cancer and non-cancer diseases. In the US, the 1996 Safe Drinking Water Amendments put EPA on a schedule to regulate As. During this period, EPA had two National Research Council (NRC) panels to review the health effects of As. The initial one focused on bladder cancer and calculated a 1% Effective Dose (ED01) of about 400 mu g/L. Since this was only 8-fold higher than the Interim Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) of 50 mu g/L, the NRC recommended a downward revision as soon as feasible. On 1/22/01, EPA promulgated a MCL of 10 mu g/L. During its review of this standard, EPA had a second NRC panel review the health data base. They stated that As was possibly more toxic than originally thought as the trivalent methylated metabolites were more toxic than arsenite and could react directly with DNA. NRC recommended a linear extrapolation from the ED01. EPA considered the health data along with costs/benefits, analytical and treatment techniques for As and on 10/31/01 announced that there would be no delay in the implementation of the As MCL of 10 mu g/L. (These opinions are those of the author and not necessarily those of the US EPA.) JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Abernathy, Charles O AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 145 EP - 146 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - metabolites KW - medical geology KW - regulations KW - government agencies KW - arsenic KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - drinking water KW - cost KW - revision KW - toxicity KW - metals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51860152?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+drinking+water+regulation+for+arsenic&rft.au=Abernathy%2C+Charles+O%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Abernathy&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; cost; drinking water; government agencies; medical geology; metabolites; metals; pollution; regulations; revision; toxicity; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Land-use planning to protect water resources; an opportunity for geoscientists to contribute to public health AN - 51859526; 2004-033133 AB - Public health depends on an adequate supply of clean water for drinking, food production and recreation. Most of the United States can generally depend on high quality water resources, however this quality may be threatened by future stressors including climate change and increased land-use impacts. Storm runoff from rapidly expanding metropolitan areas can lead to increases in non-point source pollution, erosion and sedimentation, and declining ground-water levels. These changes in geologic and hydrologic processes have been demonstrated to degrade aquatic ecosystems and are likely to increase the risk of waterborne disease. Potential health impacts include acute illnesses from exposure to microbial pollutants and chronic diseases, such as cancer, from exposure to arsenic, disinfection byproducts and synthetic chemicals. Climate change could compound these problems by altering precipitation distribution and intensity. Minimizing these impacts through sound land-use planning requires understanding the relevant geologic and hydrologic processes, which vary with time and physical setting. Geoscientists have an important opportunity to help protect public health and ecosystem integrity by contributing to the design of communities that provide the amenities desired by the public while maintaining the quality of our water resources. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Gaffield, Stephen J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 146 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - protection KW - processes KW - hydrology KW - water quality KW - medical geology KW - arsenic KW - ecosystems KW - nonpoint sources KW - drinking water KW - environmental effects KW - climate change KW - planning KW - metals KW - future KW - runoff KW - storms KW - water resources KW - aquatic environment KW - land use KW - public health KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51859526?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Land-use+planning+to+protect+water+resources%3B+an+opportunity+for+geoscientists+to+contribute+to+public+health&rft.au=Gaffield%2C+Stephen+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gaffield&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=146&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; arsenic; climate change; drinking water; ecosystems; environmental effects; future; hydrology; land use; medical geology; metals; nonpoint sources; planning; processes; protection; public health; runoff; storms; United States; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trace metal leaching behavior studied through the use of parametric modeling of water borne soil particles fractionated with a split-flow thin cell AN - 51847187; 2004-038169 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Magnuson, Matthew L AU - Kelty, Keith C AU - Kelty, Catherine A Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 4288 EP - 4294 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 36 IS - 20 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - soils KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - stormwater KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - tailings ponds KW - adsorption KW - simulation KW - waste lagoons KW - remediation KW - acid rain KW - models KW - waste management KW - transport KW - chemical properties KW - trace metals KW - leaching KW - rain KW - heavy metals KW - chemical fractionation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51847187?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Trace+metal+leaching+behavior+studied+through+the+use+of+parametric+modeling+of+water+borne+soil+particles+fractionated+with+a+split-flow+thin+cell&rft.au=Magnuson%2C+Matthew+L%3BKelty%2C+Keith+C%3BKelty%2C+Catherine+A&rft.aulast=Magnuson&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=4288&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; adsorption; atmospheric precipitation; chemical fractionation; chemical properties; heavy metals; leaching; models; pollutants; pollution; rain; remediation; simulation; soils; stormwater; surface water; tailings ponds; trace metals; transport; waste lagoons; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distribution of modern dinoflagellate cysts in Buzzards Bay (MA) reflects urban and suburban nutrient inputs AN - 51792083; 2004-077719 AB - Concern about degradation in estuarine water quality has prompted a search for indicators that can be used to predict and reconstruct estuarine health. We are examining the utility of dinoflagellate cysts (or hypnozygots produced by dinoflagellates, which can be preserved in sediments) as high-resolution indicators of environmental conditions in estuaries. We measured chemical contamination and analyzed dinoflagellate cyst assemblages in surface sediments collected from three neighboring embayments of Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts. Characteristics of cyst assemblages reflect variations in salinity and nutrient status of embayment waters, as well as sediment chemistry. We found a significant negative relationship between dinoflagellate cyst diversity and sediment concentrations of copper and organic carbon. Sedimentary cyst concentrations, serving as a proxy of dinoflagellate production, were lowest in the heavily polluted sites of New Bedford Harbor. Principal component analysis, based on proportions of cyst taxa, indicates that cyst assemblages gradually change when moving away from sources of nutrient pollution, and sewage outfalls in particular. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of dinoflagellate cyst assemblages demonstrate that cysts do reflect environmental conditions such as levels of pollution, nutrients and salinity in estuarine systems, and thus can be sensitive indicators of those conditions. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Pospelova, Vera AU - Chmura, Gail L AU - Latimer, James S AU - Boothman, Warren S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 384 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - degradation KW - copper KW - salinity KW - qualitative analysis KW - variations KW - urban environment KW - remediation KW - quantitative analysis KW - Massachusetts KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - organic carbon KW - estuarine environment KW - high-resolution methods KW - assemblages KW - Dinoflagellata KW - surface water KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - nutrients KW - morphology KW - New Bedford Harbor KW - Buzzards Bay KW - metals KW - palynomorphs KW - preservation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51792083?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Distribution+of+modern+dinoflagellate+cysts+in+Buzzards+Bay+%28MA%29+reflects+urban+and+suburban+nutrient+inputs&rft.au=Pospelova%2C+Vera%3BChmura%2C+Gail+L%3BLatimer%2C+James+S%3BBoothman%2C+Warren+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pospelova&rft.aufirst=Vera&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=384&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - assemblages; Buzzards Bay; carbon; copper; degradation; Dinoflagellata; estuarine environment; high-resolution methods; Massachusetts; metals; morphology; New Bedford Harbor; nutrients; organic carbon; palynomorphs; pollution; prediction; preservation; qualitative analysis; quantitative analysis; remediation; salinity; sediments; surface water; United States; urban environment; variations; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - From watershed clearance to industrialization; the sediment record of estuarine paleoproductivity AN - 51792015; 2004-077722 AB - We compare the sediment records of micro-fossil and chemical indicators of estuarine primary production over the history of New Bedford Harbor, Massachusetts. New Bedford Harbor was permanently settled by Europeans around 1676. The primary activity in the watershed was subsistence farming, until the mid eighteenth century when the small estuary began to grow into what would become the world's largest whaling port. With the subsequent decline of the whaling industry came textile mills and, later, factories producing electrical capacitors and releasing PCBs into the city's Harbor. Although the Harbor was placed on the EPA's National Priority List for cleanup (i.e., a Superfund site) because of high concentration of PCBs in its sediments, it is also highly contaminated with metals and other organic chemicals. Population growth paralleled industrial growth and introduced high levels of nutrients in waters, as well. Our indicators of paleo-primary production (pigments, biogenic silica, diatoms and cysts of autotrophic dinoflagellates) show four major changes in the aquatic ecosystem. Early forest clearance increased nutrient loading to the estuary temporarily stimulating production. A second pulse in production was stimulated by introduction of nutrients with discharge of urban sewage. Later declines in "production" are probably due to improvements in municipal sewage disposal practices, but impacts of the introduction of toxic substances from local industries cannot be discounted. Over this time our diatom record suggests that the base of production also shifted from one that was benthic-dominated to one that was pelagic-dominated. A final increase in production is reflected solely by increased pigment flux in our last years of record, but preceded by a dinoflagellate bloom. We assume this is due to a major shift in the phytoplankton community to one presently dominated by nanoplankton. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Chmura, Gail L AU - Santos, Antelmo AU - Pospelova, Vera AU - Spasojevic, Zorana AU - Latimer, James S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 384 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - phytoplankton KW - communities KW - PCBs KW - watersheds KW - ecosystems KW - plankton KW - algae KW - urban environment KW - diatoms KW - Massachusetts KW - silica KW - sediments KW - nannoplankton KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - estuarine environment KW - geochemistry KW - productivity KW - hydrology KW - Plantae KW - sewage KW - pigments KW - human activity KW - Dinoflagellata KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - nutrients KW - morphology KW - history KW - organic compounds KW - New Bedford Harbor KW - palynomorphs KW - aquatic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51792015?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=From+watershed+clearance+to+industrialization%3B+the+sediment+record+of+estuarine+paleoproductivity&rft.au=Chmura%2C+Gail+L%3BSantos%2C+Antelmo%3BPospelova%2C+Vera%3BSpasojevic%2C+Zorana%3BLatimer%2C+James+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chmura&rft.aufirst=Gail&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=384&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; aquatic environment; chlorinated hydrocarbons; communities; diatoms; Dinoflagellata; ecosystems; estuarine environment; geochemistry; halogenated hydrocarbons; history; human activity; hydrochemistry; hydrology; Massachusetts; morphology; nannoplankton; New Bedford Harbor; nutrients; organic compounds; palynomorphs; PCBs; phytoplankton; pigments; plankton; Plantae; pollution; productivity; sediments; sewage; silica; United States; urban environment; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reservoir engineering simulations, prioritization of laboratory experiments, and design of field research for coalbed sequestration AN - 51790229; 2004-077764 AB - The world's first carbon dioxide-enhanced coalbed methane pilot project in the San Juan Basin has indicated that sequestration of carbon dioxide in unmineable coal seams may be both technically and economically feasible. Thus, coalbed sequestration is a promising candidate for early commercialization; both reservoir simulations and identification of the most-needed laboratory and field research measurements are needed now. In the implementation of new technologies for underground injection of fluids, field-scale reservoir simulators traditionally are used in the design of pilot and demonstration projects. However, they also may be used to perform sensitivity studies and to help identify those chemical, geophysical, flow, and other measurements that are most-needed for optimization of the new technology. We have performed parametric studies of the effects of various (uncontrollable) coal-seam properties and (controllable) engineering parameters on carbon dioxide sequestration. These properties include porosity, permeability, cleat spacing, pod size, sorption isotherm, sorption rate, and reservoir pressure, water saturation, and gas composition. Engineering parameters explored include various combinations of vertical and horizontal wells, and well lengths and orientations. These results may contribute not only to site selection and design of operating conditions, but to choice and interpretation of both field measurements (such as well-test measurements of permeability) and laboratory measurements (such as the effects of confining pressure on sorption isotherms, flow through cleats, and coal swelling). The results may also help to guide the development of advanced simulators that include such features as explicit cleats (instead of dual porosity) or advanced gridding methods. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Smith, Duane H AU - Jikich, Sinisha A AU - Sams, W Neal AU - Bromhal, Grant AU - Carlson, Eric AU - Odusote, Olufemi AU - Ertekin, Turgay AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 391 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - horizontal drilling KW - sorption KW - technology KW - cleats KW - site exploration KW - natural gas KW - petroleum KW - coal seams KW - simulation KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - laboratory studies KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Western U.S. KW - coal KW - directional drilling KW - San Juan Basin KW - drilling KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - optimization KW - properties KW - research KW - porosity KW - measurement KW - saturation KW - isotherms KW - identification KW - expansive materials KW - coalbed methane KW - permeability KW - design KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51790229?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Reservoir+engineering+simulations%2C+prioritization+of+laboratory+experiments%2C+and+design+of+field+research+for+coalbed+sequestration&rft.au=Smith%2C+Duane+H%3BJikich%2C+Sinisha+A%3BSams%2C+W+Neal%3BBromhal%2C+Grant%3BCarlson%2C+Eric%3BOdusote%2C+Olufemi%3BErtekin%2C+Turgay%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Duane&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; cleats; coal; coal seams; coalbed methane; design; directional drilling; drilling; expansive materials; experimental studies; horizontal drilling; identification; isotherms; laboratory studies; measurement; natural gas; optimization; permeability; petroleum; porosity; pressure; properties; research; reservoir rocks; San Juan Basin; saturation; sedimentary rocks; simulation; site exploration; sorption; technology; United States; Western U.S. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Linking surface and ground water levels to riparian grassland species along the Platte River in central Nebraska AN - 51776449; 2005-000172 AB - Although the values of riparian grasslands are well established, few quantitative data are available linking the underlying hydrology to the riparian plant species that support these important communities. This lack of information is especially critical along the Platte River in central Nebraska where riparian grasslands support a multitude of migratory birds, and where flow re-regulation to enhance habitat for endangered species is being considered. Ecologists use a host of techniques to quantify how environmental gradients, like surface and ground water levels, are linked to plant species. Nearly all these techniques, however, produce results that represent gradients in general terms such as low to high elevation, xeric to mesic, and low to high concentration. While ecologists understand the implications of these imprecise scales, managers responsible for making decisions affecting one or more of these gradients need information that is more precise. For our study, we preserved the scale and units of a water-level gradient ranging from below the surface to above the surface by using non-linear equations to fit plant species response curves to this dominant gradient. Non-linear equations are more useful than linear equations, like polynomials, because their coefficients can be interpreted with a biological meaning such as population peak, optimum gradient position, and ecological amplitude. Plant response to this water-level gradient was fit to 65 species. From among eight water-level statistics evaluated, the peak 10-day running-mean water level for the growing season produced the best plant-response fit, suggesting that several consecutive days of high water levels are more influential than low water levels or the frequency of high water levels. Land management practices affected 21 species by changing their frequency of occurrence and/or their position along the water-level gradient. Most species have an ecological amplitude from 35-80 cm along the water-level gradient, but a few have amplitudes as narrow as 20 cm. For these species with narrow amplitudes, a small permanent change in the 10-day high water level might completely displace their topographic location, possibly causing their aerial extent to expand or contract depending upon the available topography. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Henszey, Robert J AU - Pfeiffer, Kent AU - Keough, Janet R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 233 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - communities KW - central Nebraska KW - ground water KW - Platte River KW - topography KW - quantitative analysis KW - levels KW - ecology KW - hydrology KW - Plantae KW - Chordata KW - endangered species KW - elevation KW - surface water KW - decision-making KW - equations KW - Aves KW - habitat KW - riparian environment KW - grasslands KW - Vertebrata KW - Nebraska KW - Tetrapoda KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51776449?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Linking+surface+and+ground+water+levels+to+riparian+grassland+species+along+the+Platte+River+in+central+Nebraska&rft.au=Henszey%2C+Robert+J%3BPfeiffer%2C+Kent%3BKeough%2C+Janet+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Henszey&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aves; central Nebraska; Chordata; communities; decision-making; ecology; elevation; endangered species; equations; grasslands; ground water; habitat; hydrology; levels; Nebraska; Plantae; Platte River; quantitative analysis; riparian environment; surface water; Tetrapoda; topography; United States; Vertebrata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PCBs, mining, and water pollution AN - 51761827; 2005-009294 AB - The presence of PCB-containing electrical equipment in underground mines has been documented during U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Region 8, mine inspections conducted over the last 20 years. PCB-containing electrical equipment may be found in mines throughout the world because both electrical systems and mining methods follow the same general patterns. The abandonment of this equipment in underground mines is likely to present worldwide ground water contamination in mining districts. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a group of man-made structurally-related chemicals manufactured in the United States between 1929 and 1977 when manufacture was voluntarily discontinued. In 1978, their manufacture was prohibited, and their use and disposal closely regulated, by the PCB regulations under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), the Act that regulates industrial chemicals in use, including the disposal of PCBs. PCBs have become a ubiquitous environmental contaminant that have been detected in air, water, soils, and biosystems worldwide where they present a threat to human health and the environment. Despite the fact that manufacture has been prohibited in the United States of America and many other countries, PCBs are still used in electrical equipment. Certain continuing uses have been authorized under the PCB regulations. The major use of PCBs authorized by the regulations as dielectric fluids (or contaminants in dielectric fluids) in transformers and capacitors. Because the mining industry has been an extensive user of PCB-containing electrical equipment, some of this equipment has been abandoned underground. Furthermore, PCB-containing electrical equipment remains in underground use today. Abandoned equipment can become irretrievable, and released PCBs create a threat to ground and surface waters. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Bench, Dan W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 495 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - mining KW - underground mining KW - regulations KW - surface water KW - PCBs KW - pollution KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - Toxic Substances Control Act KW - mining geology KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - water pollution KW - public health KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51761827?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=PCBs%2C+mining%2C+and+water+pollution&rft.au=Bench%2C+Dan+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bench&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=495&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; mining; mining geology; organic compounds; PCBs; pollution; public health; regulations; surface water; Toxic Substances Control Act; underground mining; United States; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical modeling of oxygen exclusion experiments of anaerobic bioventing AN - 51176919; 2003-002128 AB - A numerical and experimental study of transport phenomena underlying anaerobic bioventing (ABV) is presented. Understanding oxygen exclusion patterns in vadose zone environments is important in designing an ABV process for bioremediation of soil contaminated with chlorinated solvents. In particular, the establishment of an anaerobic zone of influence by nitrogen injection in the vadose zone is investigated. Oxygen exclusion experiments are performed in a pilot scale flow cell (2X1.1X0.1 m) using different venting flows and two different outflow boundary conditions (open and partially covered). Injection gas velocities are varied from 0.25X10 (super -3) to 1.0X10 (super -3) cm/s and are correlated with the ABV radius of influence. Numerical simulations are used to predict the collected experimental data. In general, reasonable agreement is found between observed and predicted oxygen concentrations. Use of impervious covers can significantly reduce the volume of forcing gas used, where an increase in oxygen exclusion efficiency is consistent with a decrease in the outflow area above the injection well. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Mihopoulos, Philip G AU - Suidan, Makram T AU - Sayles, Gregory D AU - Kaskassian, Sebastien Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 209 EP - 220 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 58 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - oxygen KW - numerical models KW - soil vapor extraction KW - injection KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - simulation KW - boundary conditions KW - two-dimensional models KW - remediation KW - nitrogen KW - models KW - visualization KW - bioventing KW - solvents KW - transport KW - anaerobic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51176919?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Numerical+modeling+of+oxygen+exclusion+experiments+of+anaerobic+bioventing&rft.au=Mihopoulos%2C+Philip+G%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T%3BSayles%2C+Gregory+D%3BKaskassian%2C+Sebastien&rft.aulast=Mihopoulos&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; bioremediation; bioventing; boundary conditions; experimental studies; injection; models; nitrogen; numerical models; oxygen; pollution; remediation; simulation; soil vapor extraction; soils; solvents; transport; two-dimensional models; unsaturated zone; visualization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efficient hydrologic tracer-test design for tracer-mass estimation and sample-collection frequency; 1, Method development AN - 51170642; 2003-010910 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Field, Malcolm S Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 827 EP - 838 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 42 IS - 7 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - solute transport KW - concentration KW - dispersivity KW - monitoring KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - equations KW - preferential flow KW - advection KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - geometry KW - aquifers KW - models KW - traveltime KW - tracers KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - breakthrough curves KW - rhodamine KW - mobility KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51170642?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Efficient+hydrologic+tracer-test+design+for+tracer-mass+estimation+and+sample-collection+frequency%3B+1%2C+Method+development&rft.au=Field%2C+Malcolm+S&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=Malcolm&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=827&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; aquifers; breakthrough curves; concentration; dispersivity; equations; geometry; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; mathematical models; mobility; models; monitoring; pollution; prediction; preferential flow; rhodamine; simulation; solute transport; tracers; traveltime ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efficient hydrologic tracer-test design for tracer-mass estimation and sample-collection frequency; 2, Experimental results AN - 51169201; 2003-010911 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Field, Malcolm S Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 839 EP - 850 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 42 IS - 7 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - solute transport KW - dispersivity KW - effective porosity KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - tracers KW - breakthrough curves KW - mobility KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - surface water KW - injection KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - equations KW - advection KW - porosity KW - geometry KW - aquifers KW - models KW - traveltime KW - testing KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - rhodamine KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51169201?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Efficient+hydrologic+tracer-test+design+for+tracer-mass+estimation+and+sample-collection+frequency%3B+2%2C+Experimental+results&rft.au=Field%2C+Malcolm+S&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=Malcolm&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=839&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; aquifers; breakthrough curves; concentration; dispersivity; effective porosity; equations; experimental studies; geometry; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; injection; mathematical models; mobility; models; monitoring; pollution; porosity; porous materials; prediction; preferential flow; rhodamine; simulation; solute transport; surface water; testing; tracers; traveltime ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of metals in runoff from residential and highway storm sewers AN - 50286581; 2005-000297 AB - Stormwater runoff was sampled from six storm sewer outfalls in residential and highway settings in Monmouth County, NJ to determine the colloidal and dissolved concentrations of metals. Heavy metals, common pollutants in natural waters and stormwater, are known to associate with particles, affecting the metals' transport and fate. The outfalls were instrumented with automatic samplers which collected flow-weighted samples for at least 4 storms. Samples were sequentially filtered through 5 mu m and 0.45 mu m filters and a 10K nominal molecular weight pore size ultrafilter (approx. 0.01 mu m). The ultrafiltrate was operationally defined as dissolved. Filtrates and unfiltered aliquots were analyzed for metals, including Cu, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Zn, and total organic carbon (TOC). Cd and Ni were not detected. Unfiltered Pb and Cr concentrations ranged from 5-40 mu g/L. Unfiltered Cu and Zn concentrations ranged from 3-65 mu g/L and 5-322 mu g/L respectively. Pb and Cr were not detectable after 5 mu m filtration. Cu and Zn partitioning varied widely. In some samples they were almost entirely dissolved (up to 90%). When particulate Cu or Zn was present it was mostly >5 mu m in size, as indicated by reductions in concentrations up to 75% after 5 mu m filtration. Smaller amounts of Cu and Zn (up to 20%) were present as colloids (0.010-05 mu m), contrary to expectations that colloids would carry most of these metals. Thirty to 90% of Al, Fe, and Si was >5 mu m in size. Smaller fractions (up to 20%) were colloidal. The Fe, Al, and Si are most likely from mineral phases such as Fe oxides, silica, and clays, and are probably associated with the particulate fractions of Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cr. Organic carbon (4- >100 mg/L) was mostly dissolved (40-90%) and in 0.01-0.45 mu m sized colloids (up to 40%). There was no correlation between colloidal Cu and Zn and colloidal organic carbon. Up to 30% of TOC was >5 mu m, part of which may be coatings on Fe-, Al-, and Si-bearing particles. The results provide needed data on the characteristics of runoff, which impacts receiving waters such as streams and estuaries. Stormwater treatment strategies that rely on settling can achieve partial Cu and Zn removal by settling particles greater than 5 mu m in size, but dissolved fractions can continue to move through the environment. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Tuccillo, Mary Ellen AU - Smith, Clarence AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 417 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - zinc KW - copper KW - characterization KW - lead KW - stormwater KW - environmental effects KW - transport KW - total organic carbon KW - water treatment KW - cadmium KW - heavy metals KW - chromium KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - hydrology KW - colloidal materials KW - pollutants KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - samplers KW - samples KW - organic compounds KW - Monmouth County New Jersey KW - metals KW - runoff KW - nickel KW - New Jersey KW - roads KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50286581?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+metals+in+runoff+from+residential+and+highway+storm+sewers&rft.au=Tuccillo%2C+Mary+Ellen%3BSmith%2C+Clarence%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tuccillo&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=417&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Coastal Plain; cadmium; characterization; chromium; colloidal materials; copper; environmental effects; heavy metals; hydrology; lead; metals; Monmouth County New Jersey; New Jersey; nickel; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; roads; runoff; samplers; samples; solutes; stormwater; total organic carbon; transport; United States; water treatment; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Minimum cross-sectional diameter: Calculating when molecules may not fit through a biological membrane AN - 21046188; 5528003 AB - Some compounds that are predicted to be toxic to aquatic organisms instead show no toxicity. In some cases, this phenomenon occurs because the molecules are too large physically to pass through biological membranes, at least by passive transport. The size of the smallest circle through which a molecule can pass is called its minimum effective cross-sectional diameter. Until now, no method has been generally available for determining this parameter. Here, we present such a method, based on vector analysis, that produces results in seconds or minutes, even for relatively large molecules, on a desktop computer. The only input required is the Cartesian coordinates and van der Waals radii of the constituent atoms. The gas-phase, energy-minimized structure is used as an approximation, because to our knowledge, no practical means of experimentally measuring an effective diameter in solution is currently available. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Cash, G G AU - Nabholz, J V AD - New Chemicals Screening and Assessment Branch, Risk Assessment Division (M/C 7403M), Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue Northwest, Washington, DC 20460, USA, cash.gordon@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - Oct 2002 SP - 2095 EP - 2098 VL - 21 IS - 10 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Cartesian coordinates KW - van der Waals radii KW - Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Molecular structure KW - Water Pollution KW - Aquatic organisms KW - Pollution effects KW - Molecules KW - Biological membranes KW - Mathematical Studies KW - Volatile compounds KW - Diffusion KW - Toxicology KW - Molecular Structure KW - Membranes KW - Estimating KW - Computers KW - Mass Transfer KW - Toxicity KW - Methodology KW - Gases KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Biological Membranes KW - Approximation KW - Chemical analysis KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - X 24300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21046188?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Minimum+cross-sectional+diameter%3A+Calculating+when+molecules+may+not+fit+through+a+biological+membrane&rft.au=Cash%2C+G+G%3BNabholz%2C+J+V&rft.aulast=Cash&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2095&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Molecular structure; Bioaccumulation; Gases; Volatile compounds; Pollution effects; Diffusion; Toxicity; Approximation; Chemical analysis; Toxicology; Methodology; Biological membranes; Aquatic organisms; Computers; Membranes; Water Pollution; Mass Transfer; Molecules; Molecular Structure; Mathematical Studies; Estimating; Water Pollution Effects; Biological Membranes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of MTBE in water by SPME and GC-MS AN - 20184544; 5532825 AB - Methyl tertbutyl ether (MTBE) is a fuel oxygenate that is added to gasoline to reduce air pollution and increase octane ratings. The widespread use of MTBE has resulted in its frequent detection in samples of shallow groundwater from urban areas. Limited contamination of drinking water has also occurred, which is problematic because MTBE is considered a possible human carcinogen by the U.S. EPA and has a disagreeable taste and odor, even at extremely low concentrations. MTBE can be released into the environment from leaking underground fuel tanks (LUFTs). In 1995/96, 1828 wells from 236 LUFT sites located in 24 counties within California were analyzed; MTBE was detected in 78% of these sites. Maximum concentrations ranged from several mu g/L to approx. 100 mu g/L, indicating a wide range in magnitude of potential MTBE impact at gasoline release sites. In California, among 2297 active public water supply wells, MTBE was detected in 0.35%. MTBE contamination may be a progressive problem due to its apparent recalcitrance and mobility. JF - American Laboratory AU - Guidotti, M AU - Blasi, G AU - Lucarelli, E AU - Onorati, B AU - Ravaioli, G AU - Stella, D AD - Environmental Protection Agency of Lazio (ARPA Lazio) District of Rieti, Via Salaria per l'Aquila no. 8, 02100 Rieti, Italy, guidotti.maurizio@libero.it Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - Oct 2002 SP - 34 VL - 34 IS - 21 SN - 0044-7749, 0044-7749 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Chemoreception Abstracts KW - Mobility KW - Contamination KW - Gasoline KW - Fuels KW - MTBE KW - Carcinogens KW - Odors KW - Water supplies KW - Ground water KW - Odor KW - USA, California KW - Ethers KW - Urban areas KW - Taste KW - Air pollution KW - EPA KW - Water wells KW - Groundwater KW - Solid phase methods KW - Drinking water KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - R 18110:Odor control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20184544?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Laboratory&rft.atitle=Identification+of+MTBE+in+water+by+SPME+and+GC-MS&rft.au=Guidotti%2C+M%3BBlasi%2C+G%3BLucarelli%2C+E%3BOnorati%2C+B%3BRavaioli%2C+G%3BStella%2C+D&rft.aulast=Guidotti&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=34&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Laboratory&rft.issn=00447749&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Contamination; Mobility; Gasoline; MTBE; Fuels; Carcinogens; Taste; Water supplies; Air pollution; Ground water; Odor; Ethers; Drinking water; Solid phase methods; Odors; EPA; Water wells; Groundwater; Urban areas; USA, California ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhanced dehalogenation of halogenated methanes by bimetallic Cu/Al AN - 19948212; 5524447 AB - A low-cost and high effective copper/aluminum (Cu/Al) bimetal has been developed for treatments of halogenated methanes, including dichloromethane, in near neutral and high pH aqueous systems. Bimetallic Cu/Al was prepared by a simple two-step synthetic method where Cu was deposited onto the Al surface. The presence of Cu on Al significantly enhanced rates of degradation of halogenated methanes and reduced toxic halogenated intermediates. The stability of Cu/Al was preliminarily studied by a multi-spiking batch experiment where complete degradation of carbon tetrachloride was achieved for seven times although the Cu/Al aging was found. Roles of Cu may involve protecting Al against an undesirable oxidation with water, enhancing reaction rates through the galvanic corrosion, and increasing the selectivity to a benign compound (i.e., methane). Kinetic analyses indicated that the activity of bimetallic Cu/Al was comparable to that of iron-based bimetals (e.g., palladized iron) and zero-valent metals. Bimetallic Cu/Al could be a promising reactive reagent for remediation of halogenated solvents-contaminated groundwater associated with high pH problems. JF - Chemosphere AU - Lien, H-L AU - Zhang, W AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Center, 919 Kerr Research Drive, Ada, OK 74820, USA, lien.sam@nuk.gov Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - Oct 2002 SP - 371 EP - 378 VL - 49 IS - 4 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - halogenated methanes KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Bioremediation KW - Degradation KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Copper KW - Decomposition KW - Feasibility Studies KW - pH KW - Chemical Treatment KW - aging KW - Experimental Data KW - Metals KW - Methane KW - Water Pollution Treatment KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Kinetics KW - Remediation KW - Aluminium KW - Oxidation KW - Aluminum KW - Corrosion KW - Groundwater KW - Iron KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19948212?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Enhanced+dehalogenation+of+halogenated+methanes+by+bimetallic+Cu%2FAl&rft.au=Lien%2C+H-L%3BZhang%2C+W&rft.aulast=Lien&rft.aufirst=H-L&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=371&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Methane; Metals; Bioremediation; Degradation; Copper; Kinetics; Aluminum; Oxidation; Corrosion; Groundwater; Iron; pH; aging; Water Pollution Treatment; Aluminium; Remediation; Groundwater Pollution; Decomposition; Chemical Treatment; Experimental Data; Feasibility Studies; Performance Evaluation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Damkoehler number distributions and constituent removal in treatment wetlands AN - 19928433; 5492052 AB - Using hypothetical wetland simulations and data from the literature, Kadlec recently demonstrated that plug-flow models commonly used to quantify treatment wetland performance fail to describe conditions other than those under which calibration data are collected. Parameters of these models (removal rate constants (k) and background concentrations (C*)) demonstrate apparent dependence on inlet concentration and hydraulic loading rate which is not alleviated by including dispersion to address non-ideal flow. The phenomenon can be understood as resulting from an interdependence between k and local flow velocity, due to the functional dependence of each on drag-inducing surfaces (and attached biofilms) associated with submerged vegetation and litter. This paper presents a simple method, based on theoretical considerations, for determining C* using inlet-outlet data, independent of the degree of mixing or the nature of the removal processes. This paper also expands upon the hypothetical multi-channel example to suggest a modeling approach in which a wetland is treated conceptually as an ensemble of parallel, non-interacting stream tubes in plug-flow, characterized by a continuous distribution of Damkoehler numbers. The Damkoehler number distribution (DND) can be estimated from the residence time distribution (RTD) under the assumption of uniform flow path length. For such a wetland, under steady state conditions and with constant inlet concentration, the fraction of a removable pollutant remaining as a function of normalized distance from inlet to outlet is given by the Laplace transform of the DND. Similarly, the DND can be derived from the inverse Laplace transform of the normalized concentration versus normalized distance curve. Given both an RTD and a DND, it is possible to investigate the relationship between k and residence time, and the mechanistic nature of the removal process. Employing these concepts makes it possible to generate an expression for normalized concentration as a function of fractional distance that is unaffected by changes in inlet concentration, and inherently takes into account changes in hydraulic loading rate. JF - Ecological Engineering AU - Carleton, J N AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Mail code 7507C, Ariel Rios Building, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20460, USA, carleton.jim@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - Oct 2002 SP - 233 EP - 248 VL - 19 IS - 4 SN - 0925-8574, 0925-8574 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Hydraulics KW - Litter KW - Water Pollution Treatment KW - Water flow KW - Vegetation KW - Simulation KW - Velocity KW - Artificial Wetlands KW - Model Studies KW - Models KW - Hydrology KW - Wetlands KW - Biofilms KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications KW - D 04200:Wetlands UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19928433?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Engineering&rft.atitle=Damkoehler+number+distributions+and+constituent+removal+in+treatment+wetlands&rft.au=Carleton%2C+J+N&rft.aulast=Carleton&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Engineering&rft.issn=09258574&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water flow; Hydrology; Wetlands; Models; Hydraulics; Litter; Velocity; Simulation; Vegetation; Biofilms; Water Pollution Treatment; Artificial Wetlands; Model Studies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Selecting Human Health Metrics for Environmental Decision-Support Tools AN - 19709846; 8533422 AB - Environmental decision-support tools often predict a multitude of different human health effects due to environmental stressors. The accounting and aggregating of these morbidity and mortality outcomes is key to support decision making and can be accomplished by different methods that we call human health metrics. This article attempts to answer two questions: Does it matter which metric is chosen? and What are the relevant characteristics of these metrics in environmental applications? Three metrics (quality adjusted life years (QALYs), disability adjusted life years (DALYs), and willingness to pay (WTP)) have been applied to the same diverse set of health effects due to environmental impacts. In this example, the choice of metric mattered for the ranking of these environmental impacts and it was found for this example that WTP was dominated by mortality outcomes. Further, QALYs and DALYs are sensitive to mild illnesses that affect large numbers of people and the severity of these mild illnesses are difficult to assess. Eight guiding questions are provided in order to help select human health metrics for environmental decision-support tools. Since health metrics tend to follow the paradigm of utility maximization, these metrics may be supplemented with a semi-quantitative discussion of distributional and ethical aspects. Finally, the magnitude of age-dependent disutility due to mortality for both monetary and nonmonetary metrics may bear the largest practical relevance for future research. JF - Risk Analysis AU - Hofstetter, Patrick AU - Hammitt, James K AD - ORISE Research Fellow at U.S. EPA, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Visiting Scientist at Harvard School of Public Health., patrick_hofstetter@yahoo.com Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - Oct 2002 SP - 965 EP - 983 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., Osney Mead Oxford OX2 0EL UK, [mailto:journals.cs@blacksci.co.uk], [URL:http://www.blacksci.co.uk] VL - 22 IS - 5 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Risk Abstracts KW - willingness to pay KW - disabilities KW - accounting KW - Morbidity KW - Willingness to pay KW - Disabilities KW - Ethics KW - Economics KW - Environmental stress KW - Mortality KW - Environmental impact KW - Accounting KW - environmental stress KW - R2 23050:Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19709846?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Selecting+Human+Health+Metrics+for+Environmental+Decision-Support+Tools&rft.au=Hofstetter%2C+Patrick%3BHammitt%2C+James+K&rft.aulast=Hofstetter&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=965&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2F1539-6924.00264 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; willingness to pay; disabilities; Environmental impact; accounting; Accounting; Morbidity; Willingness to pay; environmental stress; Ethics; Disabilities; Economics; Environmental stress DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1539-6924.00264 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Carcinogenic Response of Tsc2 Mutant Long-Evans (Eker) Rats to a Mixture of Drinking Water Disinfection By-Products Was Less Than Additive AN - 19698219; 5576240 AB - Cancer risk assessment methods for chemical mixtures in drinking water are not well defined. Current default risk assessments for chemical mixtures assume additivity of carcinogenic effects, but this may not represent the actual biological response. A rodent model of hereditary renal cancer (Eker rat) was used to evaluate the carcinogenicity of mixtures of water disinfection by- products (DBPs). Male and female Eker rats were treated with individual DBPs or a mixture of DBPs for 4 or 10 months. Potassium bromate, 3-chloro-4- (dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone, chloroform, and bromodichloromethane were administered in drinking water at low concentrations of 0.02, 0.005, 0.4, and 0.07 g/l, respectively, and high concentrations of 0.4, 0.07, 1.8, and 0.7 g/l, respectively. Low and high dose mixture solutions comprised all four chemicals at either the low or the high concentrations, respectively. Body weights, water consumption, and chemical concentrations in the water were measured monthly. All tissues were examined macroscopically for masses and all masses were diagnosed microscopically. Total renal lesions (adenomas and carcinomas) were quantitated microscopically in male and female rats treated for 4 or 10 months. A dose response for renal tumors was present in most treatment groups after 4 or 10 months of treatment. Treatment with the mixture produced on average no more renal, splenic, or uterine tumors than the individual compound with the greatest effect. This study suggests that the default assumption of additivity may overestimate the carcinogenic effect of chemical mixtures in drinking water. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Hooth, MJ AU - McDorman, K S AU - Hester, S D AU - George, M H AU - Brooks, L R AU - Swank, A E AU - Wolf, D C AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711 Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - Oct 2002 SP - 322 EP - 331 VL - 69 IS - 2 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - bromodichloromethane KW - potassium bromate KW - rats KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Disinfection KW - Carcinogens KW - Water quality KW - Mutants KW - Testing procedures KW - Potassium KW - disinfection KW - Byproducts KW - tumors KW - Rats KW - Chloroform KW - Water treatment KW - Carcinogenicity KW - Lesions KW - body weight KW - water use KW - Water pollution effects KW - Toxicity KW - Cancer KW - Risk KW - Water wells KW - Chlorination KW - Drinking water KW - Additives KW - rodents KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19698219?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=The+Carcinogenic+Response+of+Tsc2+Mutant+Long-Evans+%28Eker%29+Rats+to+a+Mixture+of+Drinking+Water+Disinfection+By-Products+Was+Less+Than+Additive&rft.au=Hooth%2C+MJ%3BMcDorman%2C+K+S%3BHester%2C+S+D%3BGeorge%2C+M+H%3BBrooks%2C+L+R%3BSwank%2C+A+E%3BWolf%2C+D+C&rft.aulast=Hooth&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=322&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chloroform; Disinfection; Carcinogenicity; Byproducts; Chlorination; Toxicity; Carcinogens; Drinking water; Water quality; water use; Potassium; tumors; Cancer; Mutants; Rats; Water treatment; disinfection; Lesions; Water wells; Additives; body weight; rodents; Risk; Testing procedures; Water pollution effects ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Response-Surface Analysis of Exposure-Duration Relationships: The Effects of Hyperthermia on Embryonic Development of the Rat in Vitro AN - 18696205; 5576247 AB - In developing exposure standards, an assumption is often made in the case of less-than-lifetime exposures that the probability of response depends on the cumulative exposure, i.e., the product of exposure concentration and duration. Over the last two decades, the general applicability of this assumption, referred to as Haber's Law, has begun to be questioned. This study examined the interaction of exposure concentration and duration on embryonic development during a portion of organogenesis. Embryos were exposed in whole embryo culture to various temperature-duration combinations and evaluated for alterations in development 24 h later. The specific purpose of the study was to assess whether the developmental responses followed Haber's Law, or whether an additional component of exposure was needed to model the relationship. The current study demonstrated that the response of the developing embryo to hyperthermia, with rare exception, was dependent on an additional component of exposure beyond the cumulative exposure. For the vast majority of the parameters measured in this study, the probability of an effect was greater at higher temperatures for short durations than at lower temperatures for long durations, given the same cumulative exposure. Thus, Haber's Law did not adequately describe the results of our study. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Kimmel, G L AU - Williams, P L AU - Claggett, T W AU - Kimmel, CA AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460 Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - Oct 2002 SP - 391 EP - 399 VL - 69 IS - 2 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - development KW - in vitro KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18696205?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Response-Surface+Analysis+of+Exposure-Duration+Relationships%3A+The+Effects+of+Hyperthermia+on+Embryonic+Development+of+the+Rat+in+Vitro&rft.au=Kimmel%2C+G+L%3BWilliams%2C+P+L%3BClaggett%2C+T+W%3BKimmel%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Kimmel&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Response-Surface Modeling of the Effect of 5 alpha -Dihydrotestosterone and Androgen Receptor Levels on the Response to the Androgen Antagonist Vinclozolin AN - 18695913; 5576241 AB - Androgens secreted by the testes bind the androgen receptor in developing target tissues to induce the expression of genes required for male sexual differentiation and development. Androgen concentration and androgen receptor levels vary in male reproductive target tissues during development. Exposure to environmental androgen antagonists during critical windows of fetal and postnatal development can inhibit male sexual development by blocking transcription of androgen-dependent genes. As the sensitivity to androgen antagonists under conditions of varying androgen concentrations and varying androgen receptor levels is unknown, we used a luciferase reporter assay to investigate the transcriptional effects of a known androgen antagonist (the vinclozolin metabolite M2) at different androgen concentrations and different androgen receptor levels. The ability of M2 to inhibit transcription was greater at lower concentrations of androgen (5 alpha -dihydrotestosterone) and androgen receptor. The data were modeled to determine the dose-response surface of M2 and androgen receptor concentrations at different 5 alpha -dihydrotestosterone levels and the relationship of the 3 components to the response. The model and hypothesis testing results suggest that, at 0.01 and 0.1 nM 5 alpha - dihydrotestosterone concentrations within the expected in vivo range of free androgen levels during development, the response-surface shapes were similar and the interaction of the androgen receptor and M2 concentrations to the response were similarly antagonistic. Thus, two components of the developmental stage, androgen and androgen receptor concentrations, are critical for sensitivity to the inhibitory effects of an androgen antagonist. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Euling, SY AU - Gennings, C AU - Wilson, E M AU - Kemppainen, JA AU - Kelce, W R AU - Kimmel, CA AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - Oct 2002 SP - 332 EP - 343 VL - 69 IS - 2 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - dihydrotestosterone KW - vinclozolin KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18695913?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Response-Surface+Modeling+of+the+Effect+of+5+alpha+-Dihydrotestosterone+and+Androgen+Receptor+Levels+on+the+Response+to+the+Androgen+Antagonist+Vinclozolin&rft.au=Euling%2C+SY%3BGennings%2C+C%3BWilson%2C+E+M%3BKemppainen%2C+JA%3BKelce%2C+W+R%3BKimmel%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Euling&rft.aufirst=SY&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=332&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transcription Factor Activation Following Exposure of an Intact Lung Preparation to Metallic Particulate Matter AN - 18660312; 5550781 AB - Metallic constituents contained in ambient particulate matter have been associated with adverse effects in a number of epidemiologic, in vitro, and in vivo studies. Residual oil fly ash (ROFA) is a metallic by-product of the combustion of fossil fuel oil, which has been shown to induce a variety of proinflammatory responses in lung cells. We have examined signaling pathways activated in response to ROFA exposure and recently reported that ROFA treatment activates multiple mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases in the rat lung. In the present study we extended our investigations on the mechanism of toxicity of ROFA to include transcription factors whose activities are regulated by MAP kinases as well as possible effectors of transcriptional changes that mediate the effects of ROFA. We applied immunohistochemical methods to detect ROFA-induced activation of nuclear factor- Kappa B (NF Kappa B), activating transcription factor-2 (ATF-2), c-Jun, and cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) in intact lung tissue and confirmed and characterized their functional activation using DNA binding assays. We performed these studies using a perfused rabbit lung model that is devoid of blood elements in order to distinguish between intrinsic lung cell effects and effects that are secondary to inflammatory cell influx. We report here that exposure to ROFA results in a rapid activation of all of the transcription factors studied by exerting direct effects on lung cells. These findings validate the use of immunohistochemistry to detect transcription factor activation in vivo and demonstrate the utility of studying signaling changes in response to environmental exposures. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Samet, J M AU - Silbajoris, R AU - Huang, T AU - Jaspers, I AD - Human Studies Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA, samet.jim@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - Oct 2002 SP - 985 EP - 990 VL - 110 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - rats KW - residual oil fly ash KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24165:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18660312?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Transcription+Factor+Activation+Following+Exposure+of+an+Intact+Lung+Preparation+to+Metallic+Particulate+Matter&rft.au=Samet%2C+J+M%3BSilbajoris%2C+R%3BHuang%2C+T%3BJaspers%2C+I&rft.aulast=Samet&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=985&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of sediment type on macrobenthic infaunal colonization of laboratory microcosms AN - 18640912; 5540738 AB - We tested the effects of four different sediment types collected from northern Gulf of Mexico estuarine systems on macroinfaunal colonization and community development in our laboratory flow-through microcosm system. Four sediments, types included , a beach sand, two fine-grained muds, but from different locations, and a 50:50 mixture of one of the mud sediments and beach sand. Our hypothesis was that the pattern of colonization would differ among sediment types based on empirical field data and theory but the differences would be expressed most strongly at sediment type extremes (e.g., mud versus sand). A total of 49 taxa colonized the four sediments. Unidentified Actiniaria (sea anemones) numerically dominated densities among all four sediments with densities ranging between 46.5 to 60.5 per microcosm (20 cm side super(-1)). Average taxa richness per microcosm (N: 10 replicates per sediment treatment) ranged from 10.4 in one of the mud treatments to 14.9 taxa in the sand. These were the only significant differences among sediment types (P less than or equal to 0.05) in taxa richness and we detected no significant effects of sediment type on animal densities. Differences in community metrics, although statistically significant, were generally of a relatively small magnitude. Five of 10 microcosms per treatment were randomly selected to test for effects of sediment depth (e.g., top, mid, and bottom). In vertically sectioned microcosms, average taxa richness in sand treatments was significantly greater than those of the other three sediments. A non-parametric multivariate analysis (Primer) revealed that community structure in the vertically sectioned microcosms differed significantly between sand and one of the mud treatments. Mean taxa richness of top sections differed significantly from mid and bottom sections. We detected significantly higher animal densities and taxa richness (p less than or equal to 0.05) in vertically sectioned versus non-sectioned microcosms. However, these differences were unexplained based on experimental protocols. JF - Hydrobiologia AU - Flemer, DA AU - Ruth, B F AU - Bundrick, C M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, U.S.A., flemer.david@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - Oct 2002 SP - 83 EP - 96 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 485 IS - 1-3 SN - 0018-8158, 0018-8158 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Estuarine organisms KW - Marine invertebrates KW - USA, Gulf Coast KW - Brackish KW - ASW, USA, Gulf Coast KW - Mesocosms KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - Dominant species KW - Community composition KW - Actinaria KW - Meiobenthos KW - Sediment properties KW - Mexico Gulf KW - Population structure KW - Zoobenthos KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 08462:Benthos KW - D 04330:Marine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18640912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrobiologia&rft.atitle=Effects+of+sediment+type+on+macrobenthic+infaunal+colonization+of+laboratory+microcosms&rft.au=Flemer%2C+DA%3BRuth%2C+B+F%3BBundrick%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Flemer&rft.aufirst=DA&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=485&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrobiologia&rft.issn=00188158&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Estuarine organisms; Dominant species; Community composition; Meiobenthos; Sediment properties; Marine invertebrates; Population structure; Zoobenthos; Mesocosms; Actinaria; ASW, Mexico Gulf; Mexico Gulf; USA, Gulf Coast; ASW, USA, Gulf Coast; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Level and extent of mercury contamination in Oregon, USA, lotic fish AN - 18629184; 5528010 AB - We conducted a probability survey of 154 Oregon, USA, stream and river sites to assess the spatial extent of mercury (Hg) contamination in fish tissue. Samples consisted of whole-fish analyses of both small (120 mm) fish at each site, when both were present. Overall, Hg levels ( mu g/g) in small fish (X = 0.031; standard deviation [SD] = 0.029), large piscivores (X = 0.284; SD = 0.175), and large invertivores (X = 0.055; SD = 0.047) were found within fairly narrow ranges; always above detection (0.0025 mu g/g) and almost always below 0.4 mu g/g. Given the great ecoregion diversity across Oregon, the narrow range in fish tissue Hg levels suggests that atmospheric transport is an important vehicle for Hg distribution. In small fish, Hg levels were almost always low and showed little meaningful difference among fish taxa. In large fish, Hg levels were significantly related to fish length. Piscivores (pikeminnow and bass) had significantly higher Hg levels, and the slope of their Hg level/length relationship was much steeper than for invertivores. Salmonids, the most commonly occurring fish taxon in Oregon, exceeded 0.1 mu g Hg/g (deemed protective for fish-eating mammals) in an inferred 15% of stream lengths where they occurred. Pikeminnows and bass were found at fewer sites, but they exceeded 0.1 mu g Hg/g in an inferred 96 and 70%, respectively, of stream lengths where they occurred. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Peterson, SA AU - Herlihy, A T AU - Hughes, R M AU - Motter, K L AU - Robbins, J M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Ecological Effects Research Laboratory, Western Ecology Division, 200 Southwest 35th Street, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA, peterson.spencer@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 2157 EP - 2164 VL - 21 IS - 10 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - USA, Oregon KW - fish KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Aquatic organisms KW - Water Pollution Sources KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Statistical analysis KW - Biological Magnification KW - Spatial Distribution KW - Freshwater fish KW - Streams KW - Pisces KW - Mercury-197 KW - Data Collections KW - Freshwater pollution KW - Rivers KW - Survey KW - Body burden KW - Pollution detection KW - Fate of Pollutants KW - Surveys KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Streams (in natural channels) KW - Length-weight relationships KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Species diversity KW - Salmon (see also Fish (Salmonid)) KW - Mercury KW - Fish (Cyprinid) (Minnow or carp family) KW - Contamination (see also Pollution) KW - Fish Populations KW - D 04801:Pollution monitoring and detection KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - X 24166:Environmental impact KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18629184?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Level+and+extent+of+mercury+contamination+in+Oregon%2C+USA%2C+lotic+fish&rft.au=Peterson%2C+SA%3BHerlihy%2C+A+T%3BHughes%2C+R+M%3BMotter%2C+K+L%3BRobbins%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Length-weight relationships; Pollution detection; Body burden; Bioaccumulation; Pollution dispersion; Mercury; Atmospheric circulation; Freshwater fish; Statistical analysis; Streams; Freshwater pollution; Aquatic organisms; Species diversity; Surveys; Survey; Salmon (see also Fish (Salmonid)); Contamination (see also Pollution); Fish (Cyprinid) (Minnow or carp family); Mercury-197; Streams (in natural channels); Water Pollution Sources; Fate of Pollutants; Biological Magnification; Fish Populations; Spatial Distribution; Data Collections; Pisces ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of vegetation dynamics on the identification of land-cover change in a biologically complex community in North Carolina, USA AN - 18596131; 5491553 AB - A land-cover (LC) change detection experiment was performed in the biologically complex landscape of the Neuse River Basin (NRB), North Carolina using Landsat 5 and 7 imagery collected in May of 1993 and 2000. Methods included pixel-wise Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Multiband Image Difference (MID) techniques. The NDVI method utilized non-normalized (raw) imagery data, while the MID method required normalized imagery. Image normalization techniques included both automatic scattergram-controlled regression (ASCR) and localized relative radiometric normalization (LRRN) techniques. Change/no-change thresholds for each method were optimized using calibration curves developed from reference data and a series of method-specific binary change masks. Cover class-specific thresholds were derived for each of the four methods using a previously developed NRB-LC classification (1998-1999) to support data stratification. An independent set of accuracy assessment points was selected using a disproportionate stratified sampling strategy to support the development of error matrices. Area-weighted conditional probability accuracy statistics were calculated based on the areal extent of change and no change for each cover class. All methods tested exhibited acceptable accuracies, ranging between 80% and 91%. However, change omission errors for woody cover types were unacceptably high, with values ranging between 60% and 79%. Overall commission errors in the change category were also high (42-51%) and strongly affected by the agriculture class. There were no significant differences in the Kappa coefficient between the NDVI, MID ASCR, and LRRN normalization methods. The MID non-normalized method was inferior to both the NDVI and MID ASCR methods. Stratification by major LC type had no effect on overall accuracies, regardless of method. JF - Remote Sensing of Environment AU - Lunetta, R S AU - Ediriwickrema, J AU - Johnson, D M AU - Lyon, J G AU - McKerrow, A AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, lunetta.ross@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - Oct 2002 SP - 258 EP - 270 VL - 82 IS - 2-3 SN - 0034-4257, 0034-4257 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04100:Terrestrial ecosystems - general KW - D 04002:Surveying and remote sensing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18596131?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remote+Sensing+of+Environment&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+vegetation+dynamics+on+the+identification+of+land-cover+change+in+a+biologically+complex+community+in+North+Carolina%2C+USA&rft.au=Lunetta%2C+R+S%3BEdiriwickrema%2C+J%3BJohnson%2C+D+M%3BLyon%2C+J+G%3BMcKerrow%2C+A&rft.aulast=Lunetta&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=258&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remote+Sensing+of+Environment&rft.issn=00344257&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ambient level volatile organic compound (VOC) monitoring using solid adsorbents--Recent US EPA studies AN - 16145841; 5515445 AB - Ambient air spiked with 1-10 ppbv concentrations of 41 toxic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) listed in US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Compendium Method TO-14A was monitored using solid sorbents for sample collection and a Varian Saturn 2000 ion trap mass spectrometer for analysis. The adsorbent was a combination of graphitic carbon and a Carboxen-type carbon molecular sieve. The method detection limits (MDLs) for 1 1 samples were typically 0.5 parts per billion by volume (ppbv) and lower except for bromomethane and chloromethane, both of which exhibited breakthrough. Thirty-day sample storage on the sorbents resulted in less than a 20% change for most compounds, and water management was required for humid samples to avoid major anomalous decreases in response during analyses. The adsorbent-based system, a system using canister-based monitoring, and a semi-continuous automated GC/MS (autoGC) monitoring system with a Tenax GR/Carbotrap B/Carbosieve S-III adsorbent preconcentrator were compared using spiked ozone concentrations as a variable. In this comparison, the target compounds included a number of n-aldehydes as well as those listed in TO-14A. The effects of ozone on the TO-14A compounds were relatively minor with the exception of negative artifacts noted for styrene and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane. However, a small, systematic decrease in response was evident for a number of aromatic VOCs and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane when ozone was increased from 50 to 300 ppbv. Method averages for multiple runs under the same conditions were typically within plus or minus 0.25 ppbv of their mean for most compounds. For n-aldehydes, strong positive artifacts using the autoGC preconcentrator and strong negative artifacts for the canister-based and carbon sorbent approaches caused major disagreement among methods. These artifacts were mostly eliminated by using MnO sub(2) ozone scrubbers, although loss of the n-aldehydes for all methods occurred after a single sample collection of 1 h duration, apparently due to the interaction of the n-aldehydes and products of the O sub(3), MnO sub(2) reaction on the scrubber. JF - Journal of Environmental Monitoring AU - McClenny, WA AU - Oliver, K D AU - Jacumin, HH Jr AU - Daughtrey, EH Jr AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park NC 27711, USA, McClenny.William@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - Oct 2002 SP - 695 EP - 705 VL - 4 IS - 5 SN - 1464-0325, 1464-0325 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Environmental monitoring KW - EPA KW - Toxic materials KW - Air sampling KW - Adsorbents KW - Aldehydes KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - Monitoring systems KW - Ozone KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16145841?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Monitoring&rft.atitle=Ambient+level+volatile+organic+compound+%28VOC%29+monitoring+using+solid+adsorbents--Recent+US+EPA+studies&rft.au=McClenny%2C+WA%3BOliver%2C+K+D%3BJacumin%2C+HH+Jr%3BDaughtrey%2C+EH+Jr&rft.aulast=McClenny&rft.aufirst=WA&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=695&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Monitoring&rft.issn=14640325&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fb203291k LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental monitoring; EPA; Toxic materials; Air sampling; Adsorbents; Aldehydes; Monitoring systems; Volatile organic compounds; Ozone DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b203291k ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coastal ecological data from the Virginian Biogeographic Province, 1990-1993 AN - 16144889; 5526205 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) assessed the ecological condition of estuaries, bays, and tidal rivers in the Virginian Biogeographic Province (Cape Cod, Massachusetts, to Cape Henry, Virginia) during July-September 1990-1993. Indicators measured at 425 probability-based stations included water quality (temperature, salinity, clarity, and dissolved oxygen), contamination and toxicity of sediment, structure of benthic and fish communities, and gross external pathology of fishes. These data were used to quantify the condition of ecological resources in the entire province, as well as in three subgroups (small estuaries, large estuaries, and major tidal rivers). Also characterized was the condition of ecological resources for four major estuarine systems within the province (Chesapeake Bay, Delaware Bay, Hudson-Raritan system, and Long Island Sound) and three tidal rivers in the Chesapeake Bay watershed (Potomac, Rappahannock, and James). The data provide an unbiased baseline estimate of estuarine conditions in this province in the early 1990s. They should be useful in assessing long-term and broadscale questions such as global climate change, biodiversity, and environmental impacts. JF - Ecology AU - Hale, S S AU - Hughes, M M AU - Strobel, C J AU - Buffum, H W AU - Copeland, J L AU - Paul, J F AD - Atlantic Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882, USA Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 2942 PB - Ecological Society of America VL - 83 IS - 10 SN - 0012-9658, 0012-9658 KW - ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts KW - Estuarine organisms KW - ANW, USA, Connecticut KW - water quality KW - Pathology KW - Biological diversity KW - Water quality KW - Watersheds KW - Dissolved oxygen KW - ANW, USA, Virginia KW - ANW, USA, Potomac Estuary KW - Salinity KW - Brackishwater fish KW - Pollution indicators KW - Bays KW - ANW, USA, Delaware Bay KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Rivers KW - Estuaries KW - Environmental impact KW - ANW, USA, New Jersey, Raritan Bay KW - Chemical oxygen demand KW - ANW, USA, Rhode Island KW - Water temperature KW - ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay KW - Water quality control KW - EPA KW - Community composition KW - ANW, USA, Virginia, Cape Henry KW - Fish KW - ANW, USA, Virginia, Rappahannock Estuary KW - ANW, USA, Virginia, James Estuary KW - Research programs KW - Climate change KW - Baseline studies KW - Long-term records KW - Salinity effects KW - ANW, USA, Hudson Estuary KW - Brackishwater environment KW - Sediment pollution KW - ANW, USA, Virginian Biogeographic Prov. KW - Data processing KW - ANW, USA, Long Island Sound KW - Brackishwater pollution KW - Temperature KW - Toxicity KW - Intertidal environment KW - Brackishwater ecology KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Ecosystem analysis KW - ANW, USA, Massachusetts, Cape Cod KW - Zoobenthos KW - Indicator species KW - Pollution control KW - Q4 27750:Environmental KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - O 4080:Pollution - Control and Prevention KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control KW - D 04320:Brackishwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16144889?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecology&rft.atitle=Coastal+ecological+data+from+the+Virginian+Biogeographic+Province%2C+1990-1993&rft.au=Hale%2C+S+S%3BHughes%2C+M+M%3BStrobel%2C+C+J%3BBuffum%2C+H+W%3BCopeland%2C+J+L%3BPaul%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Hale&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2942&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecology&rft.issn=00129658&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Environmental monitoring; Estuarine organisms; Sediment pollution; Brackishwater pollution; Estuaries; Intertidal environment; Water quality control; Community composition; Long-term records; Baseline studies; Brackishwater ecology; Bioaccumulation; Brackishwater environment; Zoobenthos; Brackishwater fish; Pollution indicators; Bays; Pollution control; Indicator species; Data processing; Ecosystem analysis; Salinity effects; Toxicity; Water temperature; Watersheds; Water quality; Dissolved oxygen; Research programs; water quality; Pathology; Climate change; Temperature; Environmental impact; Biological diversity; Chemical oxygen demand; EPA; Salinity; Fish; ANW, USA, Delaware Bay; ANW, USA, Connecticut; ANW, USA, Virginian Biogeographic Prov.; ANW, USA, Long Island Sound; ANW, USA, New Jersey, Raritan Bay; ANW, USA, Rhode Island; ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay; ANW, USA, Virginia; ANW, USA, Potomac Estuary; ANW, USA, Hudson Estuary; ANW, USA, Virginia, Cape Henry; ANW, USA, Massachusetts, Cape Cod; ANW, USA, Virginia, James Estuary; ANW, USA, Virginia, Rappahannock Estuary ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing mine drainage pH from the color and spectral reflectance of chemical precipitates AN - 16141129; 5463077 AB - The pH of mine impacted waters was estimated from the spectral reflectance of resident sediments composed mostly of chemical precipitates. Mine drainage sediments were collected from sites in the Anthracite Region of eastern Pennsylvania, representing acid to near neutral pH. Sediments occurring in acidic waters contained primarily schwertmannite and goethite while near neutral waters produced ferrihydrite. The minerals comprising the sediments occurring at each pH mode were spectrally separable. Spectral angle difference mapping was used to correlate sediment color with stream water pH (r super(2)=0.76). Band-center and band-depth analysis of spectral absorption features were also used to discriminate ferrihydrite and goethite and/or schwertmannite by analyzing the super(4)T sub(1) arrow left super(6)A sub(1) crystal field transition (900-1000 nm). The presence of these minerals accurately predicted stream water pH (r super(2)=0.87) and provided a qualitative estimate of dissolved SO sub(4) concentrations. Spectral analysis results were used to analyze airborne digital multispectral video (DMSV) imagery for several sites in the region. The high spatial resolution of the DMSV sensor allowed for precise mapping of the mine drainage sediments. The results from this study indicate that airborne and space-borne imaging spectrometers may be used to accurately classify streams impacted by acid vs. neutral-to-alkaline mine drainage after appropriate spectral libraries are developed. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Williams, D J AU - Bigham, J M AU - Cravotta, CA III AU - Traina, S J AU - Anderson, JE AU - Lyon, J G AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Reston, VA, 20192, USA, williams.davidj@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - Oct 2002 SP - 1273 EP - 1286 VL - 17 IS - 10 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Remote Sensing KW - Water Pollution KW - Acid Mine Drainage KW - Spectral Analysis KW - Mine drainage KW - Geochemistry KW - Remote sensing KW - Hydrogen Ion Concentration KW - Mineralogy KW - Water analysis KW - Streams KW - Spectrometry KW - USA, Pennsylvania KW - Chemical Precipitation KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Mapping KW - Minerals KW - pH KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16141129?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Assessing+mine+drainage+pH+from+the+color+and+spectral+reflectance+of+chemical+precipitates&rft.au=Williams%2C+D+J%3BBigham%2C+J+M%3BCravotta%2C+CA+III%3BTraina%2C+S+J%3BAnderson%2C+JE%3BLyon%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1273&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Geochemistry; Mine drainage; Remote sensing; Mapping; Streams; Water analysis; Minerals; pH; Spectrometry; Remote Sensing; Water Pollution; Spectral Analysis; Acid Mine Drainage; Chemical Precipitation; Mineralogy; Sediment Contamination; Hydrogen Ion Concentration; USA, Pennsylvania ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cost Models for Water Supply Distribution Systems AN - 16137960; 5445016 AB - A major challenge for society in the 21st century will be replacement, design, and optimal management of urban infrastructure. It is estimated that the current worldwide demand for infrastructure investment is approximately three trillion dollars annually. A Drinking Water Infrastructure Needs Survey conducted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency estimated that community water systems nationwide have an immediate need of $12.1 billion in infrastructure investment, primarily to protect against microbiological contamination. This paper presents equations that can be used to estimate the cost of system construction, expansion, and rehabilitation and repair for distribution system components. Equations have been developed for installation of new pipe, trenching, embedment, and the other unit operations that are required to replace or construct new distribution system components. Equations have also been developed to estimate the cost of cement mortar lining, sliplining, and corrosion control. These equations can be used in an additive manner to estimate the cost of all of the unit operations required for replacing or laying new distribution system piping, and for a limited set of rehabilitation and repair options. JF - Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management AU - Clark, R M AU - Sivaganesan, M AU - Selvakumar, A AU - Sethi, V AD - National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - Oct 2002 SP - 312 EP - 321 VL - 128 IS - 5 SN - 0733-9496, 0733-9496 KW - water distribution systems KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Building and construction (see also Structures) KW - Water supplies (Potable) KW - Drinking Water KW - Drinking water KW - W4 220:Environmental Modeling KW - SW 4030:Cost allocation, cost sharing, pricing KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16137960?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.atitle=Cost+Models+for+Water+Supply+Distribution+Systems&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BSivaganesan%2C+M%3BSelvakumar%2C+A%3BSethi%2C+V&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=312&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.issn=07339496&rft_id=info:doi/10.1061%2F%28ASCE%290733-9496%282002%29128%3A5%28312%29 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Drinking water; Water supplies (Potable); Drinking Water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2002)128:5(312) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Altered gene expression profiles of rat lung in response to an emission particulate and its metal constituents. AN - 72085495; 12227955 AB - Comprehensive and systematic approaches are needed to understand the molecular basis for the health effects of particulate matter (PM) reported in epidemiological studies. Due to the complex nature of the pollutant and the altered physiological conditions of predisposed populations, it has been difficult to establish a direct cause and effect relationship. A high-throughput technology such as gene expression profiling may be useful in identifying molecular networks implicated in the health effects of PM and its causative constituents. Differential gene expression profiles derived for rat lungs exposed to PM and its constituent metals using a custom rat cardiopulmonary cDNA array are presented here. This array consists of 84 cardiopulmonary-related genes representing various biological functions such as lung injury/inflammation, repair/remodeling, structural and matrix alterations, and vascular contractility, as well as six expressed sequence tags (ESTs). The cDNA array was hybridized with (32)P-labeled cDNA generated from rat lung RNA. Total lung RNA was isolated from male Sprague-Dawley rats at 3 and 24 h following intratracheal instillation of either saline, residual oil fly ash (ROFA; 3.3 mg/kg), or its most toxic metallic constituents, nickel (NiSO(4); 3.3 mmol/kg) and vanadium (VSO(4); 5.7 mmol/kg). Metal concentrations reflected the levels present in one ROFA instillate. Densitometric scans of the array blots indicated ROFA- and metal-specific increased expression (1.5 to 3-fold) of stress response, inflammatory, and repair-related genes, and also genes involved in vascular contractility and thrombogenic activity. Expression of multiple cytokines in ROFA exposed rat lung compared to Ni and V suggest the role and importance of understanding constituent interactions in PM toxicity. Expression profiling using genomic approaches will aid in our understanding of toxicant-specific altered molecular pathways in lung injury and pathogenesis. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A AU - Nadadur, Srikanth S AU - Kodavanti, Urmila P AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, ETD, NHEERL, ORD, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. nadadur.srikanth@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/09/27/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Sep 27 SP - 1333 EP - 1350 VL - 65 IS - 18 SN - 1528-7394, 1528-7394 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Cytokines KW - Metals, Heavy KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Gene Expression Profiling KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - DNA Repair KW - Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - DNA Damage KW - Particle Size KW - Cytokines -- biosynthesis KW - Male KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- drug effects KW - Lung -- physiology KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Metals, Heavy -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72085495?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+A&rft.atitle=Altered+gene+expression+profiles+of+rat+lung+in+response+to+an+emission+particulate+and+its+metal+constituents.&rft.au=Nadadur%2C+Srikanth+S%3BKodavanti%2C+Urmila+P&rft.aulast=Nadadur&rft.aufirst=Srikanth&rft.date=2002-09-27&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=1333&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+A&rft.issn=15287394&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-10-01 N1 - Date created - 2002-09-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lead in candle emissions AN - 18688593; 5575361 AB - The candle-using public should be made aware that the core of candle wicks may contain lead. Used as a stiffening agent to keep the wick out of the molten wax, lead can be emitted as particulates to the air and then deposited on indoor surfaces. To define the problem, 100 sets of candles (two or more identical candles) were purchased locally. The criterion for purchase was that the candles must appear to contain a metal-cored wick or be covered by a metallic pigment. Of the candles purchased, 8% contained lead wicks. The wicks were 39-74% lead (the remainder was fabric or paper) and the lead cores (approx. 100% lead) had linear densities of 13-27 mg/cm. Candles were burned to completion in a closed chamber to capture the air emissions, and the candle residue was extracted to assess the lead mass balance. It was found that individual candles emitted lead to the air at average rates that ranged from 100 to 1700 mu g/h. Assuming realistic indoor conditions, these emission rates were modeled to project room air concentration, child exposure by inhalation, and indoor deposition. Results showed that burning single candles can easily raise the source room concentration above the ambient air lead concentration limit of 1.5 mu g/m super(3) set by EPA. Burning multiple candles can elevate it above OSHA permissible exposure limits of 50 mu g/m super(3). Although blood lead levels have dropped precipitously in the United States since lead was phased out of gasoline in 1986, nearly 900 000 children still had levels above 10 mu g/dl during NHANES III. Considering that candle sales in the US are estimated at $1-2 billion per year, and that children may spend as much as 88% of their time indoors, it is reasonable to suspect that some blood lead elevation in children arises from indoor micro-environments where lead-wick candles are burned. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Wasson, S J AU - Guo, Z AU - McBrian, JA AU - Beach, LO AD - Mail Drop E343-03, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, wasson.shirley@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/09/16/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Sep 16 SP - 159 EP - 174 VL - 296 IS - 1-3 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - candles KW - emissions KW - Risk Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - H 3000:Environment and Ecology KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - R2 23050:Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18688593?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Lead+in+candle+emissions&rft.au=Wasson%2C+S+J%3BGuo%2C+Z%3BMcBrian%2C+JA%3BBeach%2C+LO&rft.aulast=Wasson&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-09-16&rft.volume=296&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solvent-free sonochemical preparation of ionic liquids. AN - 72038876; 12201742 AB - [reaction: see text] An ultrasound-assisted preparation of a series of ambient-temperature ionic liquids, 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium (AMIM) halides, which proceeds via efficient reaction of 1-methyl imidazole with alkyl halides/terminal dihalides under solvent-free conditions, is described. JF - Organic letters AU - Namboodiri, Vasudevan V AU - Varma, Rajender S AD - Clean Processes Branch, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, MS 443, 26 W. Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA. Y1 - 2002/09/05/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Sep 05 SP - 3161 EP - 3163 VL - 4 IS - 18 SN - 1523-7060, 1523-7060 KW - Imidazoles KW - 0 KW - Industrial Waste KW - Ions KW - Solvents KW - 1-methylimidazole KW - P4617QS63Y KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Industrial Waste -- prevention & control KW - Sonication KW - Ions -- chemistry KW - Solvents -- standards KW - Imidazoles -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72038876?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Organic+letters&rft.atitle=Solvent-free+sonochemical+preparation+of+ionic+liquids.&rft.au=Namboodiri%2C+Vasudevan+V%3BVarma%2C+Rajender+S&rft.aulast=Namboodiri&rft.aufirst=Vasudevan&rft.date=2002-09-05&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=3161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Organic+letters&rft.issn=15237060&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-03-07 N1 - Date created - 2002-08-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of a coastal golf complex on water quality, periphyton, and seagrass. AN - 72778100; 12481872 AB - The objective of this study was to provide baseline information on the effects of a golf course complex on water quality, colonized periphyton, and seagrass meadows in adjacent freshwater, near-coastal, and wetland areas. The chemical and biological impacts of the recreational facility, which uses reclaimed municipal wastewater for irrigation, were limited usually to near-field areas and decreased seaward during the 2-year study. Concentrations of chromium, copper, and organochlorine pesticides were below detection in surface water, whereas mercury, lead, arsenic, and atrazine commonly occurred at all locations. Only mercury and lead exceeded water quality criteria. Concentrations of nutrients and chlorophyll a were greater in fairway ponds and some adjacent coastal areas relative to reference locations and Florida estuaries. Periphyton ash free dry weight and pigment concentrations statistically differed but not between reference and non-reference coastal areas. Biomass of Thalassia testudinum (turtle grass) was approximately 43% less in a meadow located adjacent to the golf complex (P < 0.05). The results of the study suggest that the effects of coastal golf courses on water quality may be primarily localized and limited to peripheral near-coastal areas. However, this preliminary conclusion needs additional supporting data. JF - Ecotoxicology and environmental safety AU - Lewis, Michael A AU - Boustany, Ronald G AU - Dantin, Darrin D AU - Quarles, Robert L AU - Moore, James C AU - Stanley, Roman S AD - Gulf Ecology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US. Environmental Protection Agency, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561, USA. lewis.michael@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 154 EP - 162 VL - 53 IS - 1 SN - 0147-6513, 0147-6513 KW - Metals, Heavy KW - 0 KW - Pesticides KW - Water Pollutants KW - Chlorophyll KW - 1406-65-1 KW - Phosphorus KW - 27YLU75U4W KW - Nitrogen KW - N762921K75 KW - Index Medicus KW - Pesticides -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Recreation KW - Population Dynamics KW - Water Movements KW - Nitrogen -- analysis KW - Biomass KW - Florida KW - Phosphorus -- analysis KW - Pesticides -- adverse effects KW - Metals, Heavy -- analysis KW - Metals, Heavy -- adverse effects KW - Chlorophyll -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Water Supply KW - Golf KW - Hydrocharitaceae UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72778100?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+and+environmental+safety&rft.atitle=Effects+of+a+coastal+golf+complex+on+water+quality%2C+periphyton%2C+and+seagrass.&rft.au=Lewis%2C+Michael+A%3BBoustany%2C+Ronald+G%3BDantin%2C+Darrin+D%3BQuarles%2C+Robert+L%3BMoore%2C+James+C%3BStanley%2C+Roman+S&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=154&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+and+environmental+safety&rft.issn=01476513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-02-06 N1 - Date created - 2002-12-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The rat as a model in developmental immunotoxicology. AN - 72731816; 12458909 AB - Evidence is presented to demonstrate that the rat is a sensitive rodent species for developmental immunotoxicity testing of chemicals. A battery of immune function assays was performed in adult rats, which were exposed perinatally (i.e., during gestational, lactational, and/or juvenile development) to three different classes of environmental chemicals. The chemicals employed were the following: the organotins di-n-octyltindichloride (DOTC) and tributyltin oxide (TBTO); the polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbon 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD); and the organochlorine pesticides methoxychlor (MXC) and heptachlor (HEP). Suppression of immune function was observed in adult rats exposed to each of these chemicals during immune system development. The duration of immune function suppression in the rats so exposed ranged from three weeks (i.e., DOTC and MXC) to 19 months (i.e., TCDD) after the last exposure to the chemical. JF - Human & experimental toxicology AU - Smialowicz, R J AD - Immunotoxicology Branch, Experimental Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. smialowicz.ralph@epa.gov PY - 2002 SP - 513 EP - 519 VL - 21 IS - 9-10 SN - 0960-3271, 0960-3271 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Insecticides KW - Organotin Compounds KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals, Newborn KW - Animals KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- immunology KW - Age Factors KW - Toxicology -- standards KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Toxicology -- methods KW - Risk Assessment KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Immune System -- embryology KW - Immune System -- growth & development KW - Immune System -- drug effects KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Organotin Compounds -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72731816?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+%26+experimental+toxicology&rft.atitle=The+rat+as+a+model+in+developmental+immunotoxicology.&rft.au=Smialowicz%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Smialowicz&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=9-10&rft.spage=513&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+%26+experimental+toxicology&rft.issn=09603271&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-23 N1 - Date created - 2002-12-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pesticide impacts on communities and schools. AN - 72621922; 12396686 AB - Early efforts directed toward the development of pesticide regulations addressed serious acute illnesses associated with pesticide mixing, loading, and application. As those pesticide exposures and illnesses came under control through official regulatory action, attention has turned toward problems associated with the impacts of pesticides on communities and schools. By contrast to the early successes in bringing major acute poisoning under control, the problems of pesticide impacts on communities and schools have been especially difficult to resolve through the regulatory process. This article discusses the dynamics of the new and emerging impacts of pesticides on communities and schools, with an emphasis upon California experiences. JF - International journal of toxicology AU - Ames, Richard G AD - Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, California 94612, USA. rames@oehha.ca.gov PY - 2002 SP - 397 EP - 402 VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 1091-5818, 1091-5818 KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - California KW - Humans KW - Legislation as Topic KW - Pesticides -- standards KW - Schools KW - Public Health KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Environmental Exposure -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Residence Characteristics KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Pesticides -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72621922?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+toxicology&rft.atitle=Pesticide+impacts+on+communities+and+schools.&rft.au=Ames%2C+Richard+G&rft.aulast=Ames&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=397&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+toxicology&rft.issn=10915818&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-09 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Importance of respiratory exposure to pesticides among agricultural populations. AN - 72621862; 12396682 AB - In the majority of cases, respiratory exposure accounts for a small fraction of total body exposure to pesticides; however, higher volatility pesticides pose a greater risk for exposure, particularly in enclosed spaces and near application sites. In 2000, nearly 22 million pounds of active ingredients designated as toxic air contaminants (TACs) were applied as pesticides in California (combined agricultural and reportable non-agricultural uses; California Department of Pesticide Regulation, 2001a, Summary of Pesticide Use Report Data, 2000, Sacramento, CA: author). Agricultural workers and agricultural community residents are at particular risk for exposure to these compounds. The TAC program in California, and more recently the federal Clean Air Act amendments, have begun to address the exposures of these groups and have promulgated exposure guidelines that are, in general, much more stringent than the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) worker exposure guidelines. Choosing lower volatility pesticides, lower concentrations of active ingredients, and handling equipment designed to minimize exposure can often reduce worker respiratory exposures significantly. The use of personal protective equipment, which would be facilitated by the development of more ergonomic alternatives, is important in these higher respiratory exposure situations. Finally, in the case of community residents, measures taken to protect workers often translate to lower ambient air concentrations, but further study and development of buffer zones and application controls in a given area are necessary to assure community protection. JF - International journal of toxicology AU - Dowling, Kathryn C AU - Seiber, James N AD - Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, California 94612, USA. kdowling@oehha.ca.gov PY - 2002 SP - 371 EP - 381 VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 1091-5818, 1091-5818 KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational KW - 0 KW - Pesticides KW - Index Medicus KW - California KW - Respiratory Protective Devices KW - Humans KW - Agriculture KW - Agricultural Workers' Diseases -- etiology KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational -- adverse effects KW - Pesticides -- adverse effects KW - Inhalation Exposure -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72621862?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+toxicology&rft.atitle=Importance+of+respiratory+exposure+to+pesticides+among+agricultural+populations.&rft.au=Dowling%2C+Kathryn+C%3BSeiber%2C+James+N&rft.aulast=Dowling&rft.aufirst=Kathryn&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=371&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+toxicology&rft.issn=10915818&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-09 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differences between children and adults: implications for risk assessment at California EPA. AN - 72614860; 12396687 AB - The California legislature enacted a law requiring the California Environmental Protection Agency (Cal/EPA) Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) to evaluate whether our risk assessment methodologies are adequately protective of infants and children. In addition both OEHHA and the California Air Resources Board must examine whether the Ambient Air Quality Standards set for criteria air pollutants and the health values developed for air toxics are adequately protective of infants and children. We have initiated a program to look at potential differences in response to toxicants between children and adults. We are evaluating this issue from the perspective of exposure differences as well as toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic differences between children and adults. Data on specific chemicals are rather limited. As a result, we will be pooling information to determine whether there are generic differences between children and adults that may be applicable to risk assessment in general or to risk assessment of specific classes of compounds. This paper discusses the rationale for approaching the issue of determining whether our risk assessment methods are adequate for infants and children and includes a discussion of some of the available information on both qualitative and quantitative differences in response to toxicants between children and adults or immature and mature laboratory animals. We provide examples of differences between children and adults in absorption, metabolism, and excretion of toxicants as well as qualitative differences in toxic response. JF - International journal of toxicology AU - Miller, Mark D AU - Marty, Melanie A AU - Arcus, Amy AU - Brown, Joseph AU - Morry, David AU - Sandy, Martha AD - Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, California 94612, USA. Mmiller@oehha.ca.gov PY - 2002 SP - 403 EP - 418 VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 1091-5818, 1091-5818 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Infant KW - California KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Inhalation Exposure -- standards KW - Child KW - Decision Making KW - Risk Assessment KW - Inhalation Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics KW - Environmental Health -- standards KW - Environmental Exposure -- standards KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Child Welfare KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Health -- legislation & jurisprudence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72614860?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+toxicology&rft.atitle=Differences+between+children+and+adults%3A+implications+for+risk+assessment+at+California+EPA.&rft.au=Miller%2C+Mark+D%3BMarty%2C+Melanie+A%3BArcus%2C+Amy%3BBrown%2C+Joseph%3BMorry%2C+David%3BSandy%2C+Martha&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=403&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+toxicology&rft.issn=10915818&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-09 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Practical fast gas chromatography for contract laboratory program pesticide analyses. AN - 72191013; 12387334 AB - An approach to shortening the analysis time for practical fast gas chromatography (GC) by using Method Translator software, which can be downloaded free from the Internet, is presented. This software simplifies the process of optimizing temperature programming while changing column dimensions, carrier gas type, and flow. Basic chromatographic theory is employed in a practical manner for adjusting column dimensions for optimal performance. In addition, electronic pneumatic control and high oven ramp rates make it easier to achieve fast analysis times without reproducibility problems. This practical approach is demonstrated using Contract Laboratory Program pesticide analytes. The factors found to be most important in decreasing the analysis time without a loss of performance are utilization of GC columns having smaller diameters and substitution of hydrogen for helium as the carrier gas. JF - Journal of chromatographic science AU - Wool, L AU - Decker, D AD - EPA, Houston, TX 77099, USA. Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 434 EP - 440 VL - 40 IS - 8 SN - 0021-9665, 0021-9665 KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Software KW - Pesticides -- analysis KW - Chromatography, Gas -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72191013?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+chromatographic+science&rft.atitle=Practical+fast+gas+chromatography+for+contract+laboratory+program+pesticide+analyses.&rft.au=Wool%2C+L%3BDecker%2C+D&rft.aulast=Wool&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=434&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+chromatographic+science&rft.issn=00219665&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-11-05 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A differential-operator approach to the permanental polynomial. AN - 72176818; 12377000 AB - A recently published computational approach to the permanental polynomial scales very badly (approximately 2(n)) with problem size, relying as it does on examining the entire augmented adjacency matrix for nonzero products. The present study presents an entirely different algorithm that relies on symbolic computation of second partial derivatives. This approach has previously been applied to the matching polynomial but not the permanental polynomial. The differential-operator algorithm scales much better with problem size. For fullerene-type structures without perimeters, the two algorithms take about the same time to compute n = 32. On one n = 40 structure, the new algorithm was >45 times faster. Relative performance is even better for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon structures, which have perimeters. JF - Journal of chemical information and computer sciences AU - Cash, Gordon G AD - Risk Assessment Division (7403M), Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, United States Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20460, USA. cash.gordon@epa.gov PY - 2002 SP - 1132 EP - 1135 VL - 42 IS - 5 SN - 0095-2338, 0095-2338 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72176818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+chemical+information+and+computer+sciences&rft.atitle=A+differential-operator+approach+to+the+permanental+polynomial.&rft.au=Cash%2C+Gordon+G&rft.aulast=Cash&rft.aufirst=Gordon&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1132&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+chemical+information+and+computer+sciences&rft.issn=00952338&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-11-18 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Kriging method evaluation for assessing the spatial distribution of urban soil lead contamination. AN - 72167872; 12371175 AB - Describing contaminant spatial distribution is an integral component of risk assessment. Application of geostatistical techniques for this purpose has been demonstrated previously. These techniques may provide both an estimate of the concentration at a given unsampled location, as well as the probability that the concentration at that location will exceed a critical threshold concentration. This research is a comparative study between multiple indicator kriging and kriging with the cumulative distribution function of order statistics, with both local and global variograms. The aim was to determine which of the four methods is best able to delineate between "contaminated" and "clean" soil. The four methods were validated with a subset of data values that were not used in the prediction. Method performance was assessed by calculating the root mean square error (RMSE), analysis of variance, the proportion of sites misclassified by each method as either "clean" when they were actually "contaminated" or vice versa, and the expected loss for each misclassification type. The data used for the comparison were 807 topsoil Pb concentrations from the inner-Sydney suburbs of Glebe and Camperdown, Australia. While there was very little difference between the four methods, multiple indicator kriging was found to produce the most accurate predictions for delineating "clean" from "contaminated" soil. JF - Journal of environmental quality AU - Cattle, Julie A AU - McBratney, Alex B AU - Minasny, Budiman AD - Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Univ. of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. cattlej@epa.nsw.gov.au PY - 2002 SP - 1576 EP - 1588 VL - 31 IS - 5 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Lead KW - 2P299V784P KW - Index Medicus KW - Cities KW - Reference Values KW - Risk Assessment KW - Lead -- analysis KW - Geographic Information Systems KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72167872?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.atitle=Kriging+method+evaluation+for+assessing+the+spatial+distribution+of+urban+soil+lead+contamination.&rft.au=Cattle%2C+Julie+A%3BMcBratney%2C+Alex+B%3BMinasny%2C+Budiman&rft.aulast=Cattle&rft.aufirst=Julie&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1576&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-02-06 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of five extraction methods for determination of incurred and added pesticides in dietary composites. AN - 72157026; 12374417 AB - The National Exposure Research Laboratory of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency conducts research to measure exposure of individuals to chemical pollutants through the diet. In support of this research, methods are being evaluated for the determination of pesticides in dietary composite samples. In the present study, Soxhlet, blender, microwave-assisted, pressurized fluid, and supercritical fluid extraction methods were compared for the determination of incurred and added pesticides in 4 dietary composites, which varied in fat and water content. Incurred pesticides were chlorothalonil, chlorpyrifos, DDE, dicloran, dieldrin, endosulfan I, malathion, cis- and trans-permethrin, and trifluralin. Added pesticides were alpha- and gamma-chlordane, hexachlorobenzene, and fonofos. Concentrations of the individual pesticides were between 0.2 and 20 ng/g composite. All 5 methods tested could extract pesticides from dietary composites. Most incurred pesticides were recovered from the dietary composites within the range of 59-140% of expected values. Recoveries of added pesticides were between 60 and 130%. Microwave-assisted extraction led to significantly higher concentrations of 7 pesticides. Blender extraction yielded significantly higher concentrations of chlorothalonil and fonofos. Water content was a significant factor in the recovery of chlorothalonil, and fat content was a significant factor in the recovery of fonofos. In designing an exposure study, the selection of the extraction method would be determined by number of samples to be extracted, analyte stability, and cost. JF - Journal of AOAC International AU - Rosenblum, Laura AU - Garris, Sherry T AU - Morgan, Jeffrey N AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. PY - 2002 SP - 1167 EP - 1176 VL - 85 IS - 5 SN - 1060-3271, 1060-3271 KW - Dietary Fats KW - 0 KW - Pesticide Residues KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Index Medicus KW - Water -- analysis KW - United States KW - Dietary Fats -- analysis KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry KW - Food Analysis -- methods KW - Pesticide Residues -- analysis KW - Diet UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72157026?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+five+extraction+methods+for+determination+of+incurred+and+added+pesticides+in+dietary+composites.&rft.au=Rosenblum%2C+Laura%3BGarris%2C+Sherry+T%3BMorgan%2C+Jeffrey+N&rft.aulast=Rosenblum&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.issn=10603271&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-01 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Origins, current status, and future challenges of green chemistry. AN - 72101014; 12234198 AB - Over the course of the past decade, green chemistry has demonstrated how fundamental scientific methodologies can protect human health and the environment in an economically beneficial manner. Significant progress is being made in several key research areas, such as catalysis, the design of safer chemicals and environmentally benign solvents, and the development of renewable feedstocks. Current and future chemists are being trained to design products and processes with an increased awareness for environmental impact. Outreach activities within the green chemistry community highlight the potential for chemistry to solve many of the global environmental challenges we now face. The origins and basis of green chemistry chart a course for achieving environmental and economic prosperity inherent in a sustainable world. JF - Accounts of chemical research AU - Anastas, Paul T AU - Kirchhoff, Mary M AD - White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, Old Executive Office Building, Room 494, Washington, D.C. 20502, USA. Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 686 EP - 694 VL - 35 IS - 9 SN - 0001-4842, 0001-4842 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Periodicals as Topic KW - Chemical Industry -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Chemical Industry -- education KW - Chemistry Techniques, Analytical KW - Humans KW - Chemical Industry -- standards KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Research KW - Technology KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Environmental Pollution -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Chemical Engineering -- trends UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72101014?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Accounts+of+chemical+research&rft.atitle=Origins%2C+current+status%2C+and+future+challenges+of+green+chemistry.&rft.au=Anastas%2C+Paul+T%3BKirchhoff%2C+Mary+M&rft.aulast=Anastas&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=686&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Accounts+of+chemical+research&rft.issn=00014842&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-11-22 N1 - Date created - 2002-09-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An exposure assessment of PM10 from a major highway interchange: are children in nearby schools at risk? AN - 72082153; 12226912 AB - In urban areas, elementary schools may be in close proximity to major roadways. Major roadways have been shown to be a significant source of particulate (PM10) air pollution. In several recent studies, particulate air pollution has been demonstrated to be an important factor associated with negative respiratory health effects, especially in minority children. In response to community concerns, during April 2000 the Office of Environmental Health and Safety of the Los Angeles Unified School District conducted an exposure assessment study in the East Los Angeles area, a region populated predominantly by ethnic minorities (predominantly Hispanic). The purpose of this study was to determine if children attending some of these schools are exposed to PM10 at sufficient levels to cause negative respiratory health effects. Results of this study show that students in close proximity to major roadways receive a dose of PM10 at levels approaching 10-15 micrograms per cubic meter, an exposure predicted to cause negative health effects. JF - Journal of environmental health AU - Korenstein, Steven AU - Piazza, Bill AD - California Environmental Protection Agency, 3113 Altura Ave., La Crescenta, CA 91214, USA. blphoebe@pacbell.net Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 9 EP - 17, 37 VL - 65 IS - 2 SN - 0022-0892, 0022-0892 KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Weather KW - Schools KW - Public Health KW - Minority Groups KW - Computer Simulation KW - Maximum Allowable Concentration KW - Meteorological Concepts KW - Humans KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- etiology KW - Normal Distribution KW - Predictive Value of Tests KW - Child KW - Los Angeles KW - Vehicle Emissions -- prevention & control KW - Air Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Air Pollution -- analysis KW - Air Pollution -- adverse effects KW - Urban Health -- statistics & numerical data KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Child Welfare -- statistics & numerical data KW - Risk Assessment -- methods KW - Environmental Exposure -- prevention & control KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Vehicle Emissions -- analysis KW - Vehicle Emissions -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72082153?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+health&rft.atitle=An+exposure+assessment+of+PM10+from+a+major+highway+interchange%3A+are+children+in+nearby+schools+at+risk%3F&rft.au=Korenstein%2C+Steven%3BPiazza%2C+Bill&rft.aulast=Korenstein&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+health&rft.issn=00220892&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-24 N1 - Date created - 2002-09-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A survey of EPA/OPP and open literature on selected pesticide chemicals. III. Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of benomyl and carbendazim. AN - 72077527; 12220588 AB - The known aneuploidogens, benomyl and its metabolite, carbendazim (methyl 2-benzimidazole carbamate (MBC)), were selected for the third in a series of ongoing projects with selected pesticides. Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity data submitted to the US Environmental Protection Agency's (US EPA's) Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP) as part of the registration process are examined along with data from the open literature. Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity profiles are developed to provide a complete overview and to determine whether an association can be made between benomyl- and MBC-induced mouse liver tumors and aneuploidy. Since aneuploidogens are considered to indirectly affect DNA, the framework adopted by the Agency for evaluating any mode of action (MOA) for carcinogenesis is applied to the benomyl/MBC data. Both agents displayed consistent, positive results for aneuploidy induction but mostly negative results for gene mutations. Non-linear dose responses were seen both in vitro and in vivo for aneuploidy endpoints. No evidence was found suggesting that an alternative MOA other than aneuploidy may be operative. The data show that by 14 days of benomyl treatment, events associated with liver toxicity appear to set in motion the sequence of actions that leads to neoplasms. Genetic changes (as indicated by spindle impairment leading to missegregation of chromosomes, micronucleus induction and subsequent aneuploidy in bone marrow cells) can commence within 1-24h after dosing, well within the time frame for early key events. Critical steps associated with frank tumor formation in the mouse liver include hepatotoxicity, increased liver weights, cell proliferation, hypertrophy, and other steps involving hepatocellular alteration and eventual progression to neoplasms. The analysis, however, reveals weaknesses in the data base for both agents (i.e. no studies on mouse tubulin binding, no in vivo assays of aneuploidy on the target tissue (liver), and no clear data on cell proliferation relative to dose response and time dependency). The deficiencies in defining the MOA for benomyl/MBC introduce uncertainties into the analysis; consequently, benomyl/MBC induction of aneuploidy cannot be definitively linked to mouse liver carcinogenicity at this time. JF - Mutation research AU - McCarroll, Nancy E AU - Protzel, Alberto AU - Ioannou, Yiannakis AU - Frank Stack, H Frank AU - Jackson, Marcus A AU - Waters, Michael D AU - Dearfield, Kerry L AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs, Health Effects Division (7509C), Washington, DC 20460, USA. mccarroll.nancy@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 1 EP - 35 VL - 512 IS - 1 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Benzimidazoles KW - 0 KW - Carbamates KW - Fungicides, Industrial KW - Herbicides KW - carbendazim KW - H75J14AA89 KW - Benomyl KW - TLW21058F5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cricetulus KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - CHO Cells -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - DNA Repair -- drug effects KW - Leukemia L5178 -- pathology KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Biotransformation KW - Sister Chromatid Exchange -- drug effects KW - Carcinogenicity Tests KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Carcinoma -- chemically induced KW - Cricetinae KW - Benomyl -- toxicity KW - Herbicides -- pharmacokinetics KW - Fungicides, Industrial -- pharmacokinetics KW - Benomyl -- pharmacokinetics KW - Herbicides -- toxicity KW - Fungicides, Industrial -- toxicity KW - Benzimidazoles -- pharmacokinetics KW - Benzimidazoles -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72077527?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=A+survey+of+EPA%2FOPP+and+open+literature+on+selected+pesticide+chemicals.+III.+Mutagenicity+and+carcinogenicity+of+benomyl+and+carbendazim.&rft.au=McCarroll%2C+Nancy+E%3BProtzel%2C+Alberto%3BIoannou%2C+Yiannakis%3BFrank+Stack%2C+H+Frank%3BJackson%2C+Marcus+A%3BWaters%2C+Michael+D%3BDearfield%2C+Kerry+L&rft.aulast=McCarroll&rft.aufirst=Nancy&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=512&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-10-07 N1 - Date created - 2002-09-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of androstenedione as an androgenic component of river water downstream of a pulp and paper mill effluent. AN - 72048532; 12206439 AB - This study evaluates a recent report indicating that androstenedione (4-androsten-3, 17-dione) contributes to the androgenicity of water downstream of a pulp and paper mill discharge on the Fenholloway River (FL, USA). Extraction and concentration of Fenholloway water with C18 solid-phase extraction columns followed by reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography resulted in clearly defined fractions with in vitro androgenic activity in CV-1 cells that had been transiently cotransfected with human androgen receptor and reporter gene constructs. However, we were unable to detect androstenedione in the active fractions by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Mass spectrometry analyses of deionized and Fenholloway River water samples that had been spiked with androstenedione, then extracted and fractionated, revealed that the androgen was found only in inactive fractions. We conclude that, although androstenedione was present at easily detectable concentrations in the river water (> 100 ng/L), this compound is not associated with androgenic activity of water from the site. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Durhan, Eth J AU - Lambright, Christy AU - Wilson, Vickie AU - Butterworth, Brian C AU - Kuehl, Ouglas W AU - Orlando, Edward F AU - Guillette, Louis J AU - Gray, L Earl AU - Ankley, Gerald T AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Laboratory, Duluth, Minnesota 55804, USA. durhan.elizabeth@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 1973 EP - 1976 VL - 21 IS - 9 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Industrial Waste KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Androgen KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Androstenedione KW - 409J2J96VR KW - Index Medicus KW - Paper KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Animals KW - Receptors, Androgen -- drug effects KW - Kidney -- cytology KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry KW - Cell Culture Techniques KW - Biological Assay KW - Haplorhini KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- adverse effects KW - Androstenedione -- analysis KW - Androstenedione -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72048532?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+androstenedione+as+an+androgenic+component+of+river+water+downstream+of+a+pulp+and+paper+mill+effluent.&rft.au=Durhan%2C+Eth+J%3BLambright%2C+Christy%3BWilson%2C+Vickie%3BButterworth%2C+Brian+C%3BKuehl%2C+Ouglas+W%3BOrlando%2C+Edward+F%3BGuillette%2C+Louis+J%3BGray%2C+L+Earl%3BAnkley%2C+Gerald+T&rft.aulast=Durhan&rft.aufirst=Eth&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1973&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-14 N1 - Date created - 2002-09-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of uranium isotopes in environmental samples by alpha-spectrometry AN - 52041036; 2002-081759 JF - Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry AU - Jia, G AU - Belli, M AU - Sansone, U AU - Rosamilia, S AU - Ocone, R AU - Gaudino, S Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 395 EP - 406 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers and Akademiai Kiado, Dordrecht - Budapest VL - 253 IS - 3 SN - 0236-5731, 0236-5731 KW - water KW - isotopes KW - samples KW - radioactive isotopes KW - detection KW - alpha-ray spectroscopy KW - metals KW - U-234 KW - mineralization KW - uranium KW - U-238 KW - leaching KW - spectroscopy KW - actinides KW - filters KW - U-235 KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52041036?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Radioanalytical+and+Nuclear+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Determination+of+uranium+isotopes+in+environmental+samples+by+alpha-spectrometry&rft.au=Jia%2C+G%3BBelli%2C+M%3BSansone%2C+U%3BRosamilia%2C+S%3BOcone%2C+R%3BGaudino%2C+S&rft.aulast=Jia&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=253&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=395&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Radioanalytical+and+Nuclear+Chemistry&rft.issn=02365731&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JRNCDM N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alpha-ray spectroscopy; detection; filters; isotopes; leaching; metals; mineralization; radioactive isotopes; samples; spectroscopy; U-234; U-235; U-238; uranium; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioavailability to fish of sediment PAH as an indicator of the success of in situ remediation treatments at an experimental oil spill AN - 51990345; 2003-036636 JF - Bioremediation Journal AU - Hodson, P V AU - Ibrahim, I AU - Zambon, S AU - Ewert, A AU - Lee, K A2 - Venosa, Albert D. Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 297 EP - 313 PB - CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton, FL VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 1088-9868, 1088-9868 KW - metabolites KW - fertilizers KW - Quebec KW - reclamation KW - hopanoids KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - techniques KW - bioavailability KW - vegetation KW - remediation KW - bioaccumulation KW - chemical reactions KW - decontamination KW - weathered materials KW - oil spills KW - sediments KW - crude oil KW - phytoremediation KW - triterpanes KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - pollution KW - bioassays KW - fresh-water environment KW - alkanes KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - biota KW - nutrients KW - organic compounds KW - Canada KW - wetlands KW - Quebec City Quebec KW - Sainte Croix de Lotibiniere Quebec KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Eastern Canada KW - fluvial environment KW - hopanes KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51990345?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation+Journal&rft.atitle=Bioavailability+to+fish+of+sediment+PAH+as+an+indicator+of+the+success+of+in+situ+remediation+treatments+at+an+experimental+oil+spill&rft.au=Hodson%2C+P+V%3BIbrahim%2C+I%3BZambon%2C+S%3BEwert%2C+A%3BLee%2C+K&rft.aulast=Hodson&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation+Journal&rft.issn=10889868&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713400853 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; aromatic hydrocarbons; bioaccumulation; bioassays; bioavailability; biodegradation; bioremediation; biota; Canada; chemical reactions; crude oil; decontamination; Eastern Canada; experimental studies; fertilizers; fluvial environment; fresh-water environment; hopanes; hopanoids; hydrocarbons; metabolites; nutrients; oil spills; organic compounds; petroleum products; phytoremediation; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Quebec; Quebec City Quebec; reclamation; remediation; Sainte Croix de Lotibiniere Quebec; sediments; techniques; triterpanes; vegetation; weathered materials; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Special section on Freshwater wetland bioremediation and phytoremediation AN - 51989123; 2003-036634 JF - Bioremediation Journal A2 - Venosa, Albert D. Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 257 EP - 313 PB - CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton, FL VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 1088-9868, 1088-9868 KW - reclamation KW - pollution KW - fresh water KW - ecosystems KW - fresh-water environment KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - wetlands KW - decontamination KW - oil spills KW - sediments KW - phytoremediation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51989123?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Special+section+on+Freshwater+wetland+bioremediation+and+phytoremediation&rft.title=Special+section+on+Freshwater+wetland+bioremediation+and+phytoremediation&rft.issn=10889868&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713400853 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioremediation; decontamination; ecosystems; fresh water; fresh-water environment; ground water; oil spills; phytoremediation; pollution; reclamation; remediation; sediments; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of Natural Attenuation in Life Cycle of MTBE Plumes AN - 20831537; 5466100 AB - The natural life cycle of a plume of methyl tert-butyl ether from a spill of gasoline is controlled by the rate of attenuation of the source (due to partitioning from the residual gasoline to the flow of groundwater) and the rate of attenuation in the plume (due to dispersion and natural biodegradation). Rates of attenuation were extracted for plumes in California, Florida, North Carolina, New York, and New Jersey. The maximum rate of attenuation of the source was 0.75 per year. The rates of attenuation in the plumes varied from 0.56 to 4.3 per year. In all cases, the rate of attenuation of the plume exceeded the rate of attenuation of the source. As these plumes progress through their life cycle, they should recede back toward their source. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Wilson, J T AU - Kolhatkar, R AD - Office of Research and Development/National Risk Management Research Laboratory, EPA, R. S. Kerr Environmental Research Center, 919 Kerr Research Drive, Ada, OK 74820, USA Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - Sep 2002 SP - 876 EP - 882 VL - 128 IS - 9 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - MTBE KW - gasoline KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - USA, North Carolina KW - Life cycle analysis KW - Biodegradation KW - USA, Florida KW - USA, New Jersey KW - Gasoline KW - Fuels KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Oil spills (see also Oil pollution) KW - Life cycle KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Freshwater KW - Gasolines KW - Ground water KW - Oil Spills KW - USA, California KW - Plumes KW - Oil spills KW - Attenuation KW - USA, New York KW - Pollution (Groundwater) KW - Biodegradation (see also Biological oxidation) KW - USA KW - Self-purification KW - Methyl tert-butyl ether KW - Remediation KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Additives KW - Oxygenated compounds KW - Dispersion KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20831537?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Role+of+Natural+Attenuation+in+Life+Cycle+of+MTBE+Plumes&rft.au=Wilson%2C+J+T%3BKolhatkar%2C+R&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=876&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/10.1061%2F%28ASCE%290733-9372%282002%29128%3A9%28876%29 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biodegradation; Fuels; Pollution dispersion; Groundwater pollution; Additives; Plumes; Oil spills; Methyl tert-butyl ether; Gasoline; MTBE; Ground water; Life cycle; Life cycle analysis; Dispersion; Pollution (Groundwater); Biodegradation (see also Biological oxidation); Gasolines; Oil spills (see also Oil pollution); Attenuation; Oxygenated compounds; Self-purification; Remediation; Oil Spills; Groundwater Pollution; USA, North Carolina; USA; USA, New Jersey; USA, Florida; USA, California; USA, New York; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2002)128:9(876) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indicators of wetland condition for the Prairie Pothole Region of the United States AN - 20602342; 5561188 AB - We describe a study designed to evaluate the performance of wetland condition indicators of the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) of the north central United States. Basin and landscape scale indicators were tested in 1992 and 1993 to determine their ability to discriminate between the influences of grassland dominated and cropland dominated landscapes in the PPR. Paired plots were selected from each of the major regions of the PPR. Among the landscape scale indicators tested, those most capable of distinguishing between the two landscapes were: 1) frequency of drained wetland basins, 2) total length of drainage ditch per plot, 3) amount of exposed soil in the upland subject to erosion, 4) indices of change in area of wetland covered by water, and 5) number of breeding duck pairs. Basin scale indicators including soil phosphorus concentrations and invertebrate taxa richness showed some promise; however, plant species richness was the only statistically significant basin scale indicator distinguishing grassland dominated from cropland dominated landscapes. Although our study found a number of promising candidate indicators, one of our conclusions is that basin scale indicators present a number of implementation problems, including: skill level requirements, site access denials, and recession of site access by landowners. Alternatively, we suggest that the use of landscape indicators based on remote sensing can be an effective means of assessing wetland integrity. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Guntenspergen, G R AU - Peterson, SA AU - Leibowitz, S G AU - Cowardin, L M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon, USA, peterson@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - Sep 2002 SP - 229 EP - 252 VL - 78 IS - 3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Ducks KW - Geese KW - Grasslands KW - Swans KW - USA KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Land Use KW - Environmental Quality KW - Indicators KW - Basins KW - Freshwater KW - invertebrates KW - Soil KW - species richness KW - Wetlands KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Landscape KW - Environmental quality standards KW - agricultural land KW - Land use KW - Canada, Saskatchewan, Prairie Pothole Region KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Comparison Studies KW - Environmental quality KW - Monitoring KW - Terrain KW - Agriculture KW - Remote sensing KW - Comparative studies KW - Agricultural land KW - breeding KW - Plant populations KW - Basins (Geographical) (see also Catchment Areas) KW - USA, Prairie Pothole Region KW - Anatidae KW - Terrain Analysis KW - Erosion KW - Landscape studies KW - Wetlands research KW - Species diversity KW - drainage water KW - Indicator species KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - D 04200:Wetlands KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes KW - M2 556.3:Groundwater Hydrology (556.3) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20602342?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Indicators+of+wetland+condition+for+the+Prairie+Pothole+Region+of+the+United+States&rft.au=Guntenspergen%2C+G+R%3BPeterson%2C+SA%3BLeibowitz%2C+S+G%3BCowardin%2C+L+M&rft.aulast=Guntenspergen&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=229&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Environmental monitoring; Species diversity; Remote sensing; Wetlands; Plant populations; Land use; Indicator species; Grasslands; Agricultural land; Landscape; Environmental quality; Landscape studies; Wetlands research; Soil; Erosion; breeding; species richness; drainage water; Basins; agricultural land; invertebrates; Land Use; Comparative studies; Basins (Geographical) (see also Catchment Areas); Indicators; Environmental quality standards; Monitoring; Terrain; Performance Evaluation; Comparison Studies; Environmental Quality; Terrain Analysis; Anatidae; USA, Prairie Pothole Region; Canada, Saskatchewan, Prairie Pothole Region; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial Population Analysis as a Measure of Ecosystem Restoration AN - 20160640; 5642484 AB - During a controlled oil spill study in a freshwater wetland, four methods were used to track changes in microbial populations in response to in situ remediation treatments, including nutrient amendments and the removal of surface vegetation. Most probable number (MPN) estimates of alkane and aromatic hydrocarbon degraders showed divergence of the alkane and aromatic degrading populations during the first summer of the experiment. Alkane degraders increased in all plots by 1.5 orders of magnitude and aromatic degraders increased in oiled plots by 3.5 orders of magnitude. Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis of biomass and community composition showed no essential differences among treatments. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis of the sediment microbial community showed some differences in specific populations of organisms with respect to oiled and unoiled plots. Some organisms were only found in the oiled plots. Sediment toxicity measured against single celled algae showed that the oiled sediments were toxic into the second year of the study, but that nutrient addition relieved the toxicity more rapidly than natural attenuation of the oil. JF - Bioremediation Journal AU - Haines, J R AU - Herrmann, R AU - Lee, K AU - Cobanli, S AU - Blaise, C AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, 26 W. M.L. King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 2002/09/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Sep 01 SP - 283 EP - 296 VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 1088-9868, 1088-9868 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Pollution Abstracts KW - Bioremediation KW - Ecosystems KW - Nutrients KW - Oil KW - Ecosystem management KW - Aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Wetlands KW - Oil spills KW - Freshwater pollution KW - Algae KW - Phospholipids KW - Alkanes KW - Electrophoresis KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Freshwater environments KW - Vegetation KW - Toxicity KW - Biomass KW - Sediments KW - Gel electrophoresis KW - Community composition KW - Most probable number KW - Microbiology KW - Fatty acids KW - Environmental restoration KW - Aromatics KW - A 01110:Environmental KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - K 03450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20160640?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation+Journal&rft.atitle=Microbial+Population+Analysis+as+a+Measure+of+Ecosystem+Restoration&rft.au=Haines%2C+J+R%3BHerrmann%2C+R%3BLee%2C+K%3BCobanli%2C+S%3BBlaise%2C+C&rft.aulast=Haines&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation+Journal&rft.issn=10889868&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alkanes; Bioremediation; Ecosystems; Freshwater environments; Vegetation; Nutrients; Toxicity; Biomass; Gel electrophoresis; Sediments; Oil; Most probable number; Community composition; Fatty acids; Ecosystem management; Aromatic hydrocarbons; Environmental restoration; Wetlands; Oil spills; Aromatics; Phospholipids; Algae; Electrophoresis; Hydrocarbons; Microbiology; Freshwater pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Watershed Academy Web: Five Lessons Learned About Online Training AN - 19471946; 7178648 AB - Presents critical lessons learned from EPA's Watershed Academy Web - operating since 1996 - and offers insights into federal training programs for the general public, as well as for water audiences. JF - Water Resources Impact AU - Norton, D J Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 VL - 4 IS - 5 SN - 1522-3175, 1522-3175 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Training KW - Computers KW - Water resources KW - Public Participation KW - Watersheds KW - Q2 09127:General papers on resources KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19471946?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Impact&rft.atitle=Watershed+Academy+Web%3A+Five+Lessons+Learned+About+Online+Training&rft.au=Norton%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Norton&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Impact&rft.issn=15223175&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water resources; Watersheds; Training; Computers; Public Participation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioremediation and Biorestoration of a Crude Oil-Contaminated Freshwater Wetland on the St. Lawrence River AN - 19426370; 5642483 AB - Biostimulation by nutrient enrichment and phytoremediation were studied for the restoration of an acutely stressed freshwater wetland experimentally exposed to crude oil. The research was carried out along the shores of the St. Lawrence River at Ste. Croix, Quebec, Canada. The research determined the effectiveness of fertilizer addition in enhancing the biodegradation rates of residual oil. It further examined the rate at which the stressed ecosystem recovered with and without the addition of inorganic fertilizers and the role of nutrients in enhancing wetland restoration in the absence of healthy wetland plants. Chemical analysis of integrated sediment core samples to the depth of oil penetration within the experimental plots indicated that addition of inorganic nutrients did not enhance the disappearance of alkanes or PAHs. In surface samples, however, hydrocarbon disappearance rates were higher when the metabolic activity of wetland plants was suppressed by the removal of emergent plant growth. These results suggest that oxygen limitation plays a major role in preventing rapid biodegradation of hydrocarbons in anoxic wetland sediment. JF - Bioremediation Journal AU - Venosa, AD AU - Lee, K AU - Suidan, M T AU - Garcia-Blanco, S AU - Cobanli, S AU - Moteleb, M AU - Haines, J R AU - Tremblay, G AU - Hazelwood, M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 2002/09/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Sep 01 SP - 261 EP - 281 VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 1088-9868, 1088-9868 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Bioremediation KW - Nutrients KW - Oil KW - Fertilizers KW - Cores KW - Phytoremediation KW - Aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Wetlands KW - phytoremediation KW - Oil spills KW - Freshwater pollution KW - Alkanes KW - Rivers KW - Sediment chemistry KW - Plant Growth KW - Freshwater environments KW - Aquatic plants KW - Inland water environment KW - Oxygen KW - Habitat improvement KW - Plant growth KW - Chemical analysis KW - Nutrient enrichment KW - Biodegradation KW - Shores KW - Crude oil KW - Oil Spills KW - Canada, Quebec, St. Croix KW - Oil Pollution KW - Sediment pollution KW - Canada, Quebec KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Sediments KW - Pollution control KW - A 01380:Plant Protection, Fungicides & Seed Treatments KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19426370?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation+Journal&rft.atitle=Bioremediation+and+Biorestoration+of+a+Crude+Oil-Contaminated+Freshwater+Wetland+on+the+St.+Lawrence+River&rft.au=Venosa%2C+AD%3BLee%2C+K%3BSuidan%2C+M+T%3BGarcia-Blanco%2C+S%3BCobanli%2C+S%3BMoteleb%2C+M%3BHaines%2C+J+R%3BTremblay%2C+G%3BHazelwood%2C+M&rft.aulast=Venosa&rft.aufirst=AD&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation+Journal&rft.issn=10889868&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment chemistry; Sediment pollution; Bioremediation; Biodegradation; Inland water environment; Fertilizers; Crude oil; Habitat improvement; Aromatic hydrocarbons; Wetlands; Plant growth; Chemical analysis; Pollution control; Rivers; Alkanes; Nutrient enrichment; Freshwater environments; Hydrocarbons; Shores; Nutrients; Sediments; Oil; Oxygen; Cores; phytoremediation; Phytoremediation; Aquatic plants; Oil spills; Freshwater pollution; Plant Growth; Oil Spills; Oil Pollution; Canada, Quebec; Canada, Quebec, St. Croix ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A model for estimating the incidence of swimming-related gastrointestinal illness as a function of water quality indicators AN - 18918987; 5490943 AB - Several studies have demonstrated association between illnesses, in particular gastrointestinal illness (GI), in swimmers and sewage pollution as measured by the density of indicator organisms, such as E. coli and enterococci, in recreational waters. These studies generally classify illnesses into two categories according to the subjectivity of the reported symptoms and utilize separate analyses on the incidence of total illness and the incidence of objective symptoms of gastroenteritis. Generally, non-swimmer illness rates are available from these studies as an indicator of the background illness rates, but are not always utilized in the model. Data from two prospective epidemiological studies conducted by the U.S. EPA and evidencing relationships between the incidence of swimming-associated GI and enterococcus or E. coli density in marine and fresh water, respectively, are used as examples. Initially, analysis of these data consisted of the linear regression of log sub(10) enterococcus density on the difference in illness rates between swimmers and non-swimmers. Subsequent published analysis of the marine study utilized logistic regression, but did not take background illness rates into account. Both analyses produced separate models for rates of 'highly credible' and total GI symptoms. The present analysis demonstrates the advantages of including the background rates and how such rates may be incorporated in a logistic regression. JF - Environmetrics AU - Wymer, L J AU - Dufour AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Microbiological and Chemical Exposure Assessment Research Division, 26 W.M.L. King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA, wymer.larry@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 669 EP - 678 VL - 13 IS - 5-6 SN - 1180-4009, 1180-4009 KW - Gastrointestinal illness KW - gastroenteritis KW - water-borne diseases KW - Bioengineering Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Aqualine Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Human diseases KW - Recreation and amenity KW - Statistical analysis KW - Pollution effects KW - Pollution (Microbiological) KW - Microbial contamination KW - Public health KW - Escherichia coli KW - Recreational waters KW - Biological pollutants KW - Enterobacteriaceae KW - Bacteria (Enterobacteriaceae) (Escherichia) KW - Swimming KW - Pathogens KW - Diseases (Gastro-intestinal) KW - Water pollution KW - Recreation areas KW - Enterococcus KW - Public-health KW - Pollution (Water) KW - W4 220:Environmental Modeling KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18918987?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmetrics&rft.atitle=A+model+for+estimating+the+incidence+of+swimming-related+gastrointestinal+illness+as+a+function+of+water+quality+indicators&rft.au=Wymer%2C+L+J%3BDufour&rft.aulast=Wymer&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=669&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmetrics&rft.issn=11804009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fenv.535 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Swimming; Human diseases; Statistical analysis; Recreational waters; Pollution effects; Biological pollutants; Microbial contamination; Pathogens; Public health; Water pollution; Recreation areas; Bacteria (Enterobacteriaceae) (Escherichia); Recreation and amenity; Public-health; Pollution (Microbiological); Pollution (Water); Diseases (Gastro-intestinal); Enterococcus; Escherichia coli; Enterobacteriaceae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/env.535 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mortality in Dioxin-Exposed Mice Infected with Influenza: Mitochondrial Toxicity (Reye's-Like Syndrome) Versus Enhanced Inflammation as the Mode of Action AN - 18696117; 5576216 AB - Increased mortality following influenza A infection was reported in B6C3F1 mice exposed to a low (0.01 mu g/kg) dose of dioxin. However, mortality was not associated with increased viral load and antibody titers to the virus were not decreased at doses of TCDD <= 10 mu g/kg, suggesting that viral overgrowth, secondary to immunosuppression, was not the proximate cause of death. We tested the hypothesis that mitochondrial toxicity and dysfunction, similar to Reye's syndrome (RS) in humans, is responsible for increased mortality in dioxin- exposed, infected B6C3F1 female mice, based on similarities in the biochemical and immunological events that occur in RS and in TCDD-exposed animals. Endpoints were also included to test the hypothesis that increased pulmonary inflammation following dioxin exposure, in the absence of mitochondrial toxicity, was associated with increased mortality. Dose-related effects of TCDD alone, infection with influenza A alone, and combined TCDD exposure/influenza infection were evaluated. Mice were given a single ip injection of 0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, or 1.0 mu g TCDD/kg, 7 days before infection by intranasal instillation of an estimated LD sub(10-20) of influenza A Hong Kong/8/68 (H3N2) and were terminated 1, 7, and 10 days after infection. Serum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and lung tissue were collected for various measurements, including clinical chemistries, cell counts, cytokine analysis, and viral titers. Exposure to <= 1.0 mu g TCDD/kg did not increase mortality; virus titers were similar at all doses of TCDD and there was no dioxin-related effect on serum NH sub(3) or glucose concentrations, two prominent indicators of the altered mitochondrial oxidative metabolism typically observed in RS. A study was therefore conducted over a wider range of TCDD doses. A single injection of 0, 0.025, 0.5, or 10 mu g TCDD/kg preceded infection by 7 days; subgroups of noninfected control and highest dose group (10 mu g TCDD/kg) mice were also evaluated for biochemical and immunological endpoints on the equivalent of infection day 4 to provide baseline data. Five days after infection the same endpoints described above were evaluated. The 10 mu g TCDD/kg dose increased mortality, but once again did not increase virus titer; as in previous experiments, serum biochemistry endpoints did not support mitochondrial dysfunction. These results suggest that RS is an unlikely explanation for increased influenza mortality in TCDD-exposed mice. Rather, constituents in BALF implicate increased pulmonary inflammation as the mode of TCDD action. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Luebke, R W AU - Copeland, C B AU - Bishop, L R AU - Daniels, MJ AU - Gilmour, MI AD - Immunotoxicology Branch, Experimental Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711 Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - Sep 2002 SP - 109 EP - 116 VL - 69 IS - 1 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - mechanisms KW - mice KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24151:Acute exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18696117?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Mortality+in+Dioxin-Exposed+Mice+Infected+with+Influenza%3A+Mitochondrial+Toxicity+%28Reye%27s-Like+Syndrome%29+Versus+Enhanced+Inflammation+as+the+Mode+of+Action&rft.au=Luebke%2C+R+W%3BCopeland%2C+C+B%3BBishop%2C+L+R%3BDaniels%2C+MJ%3BGilmour%2C+MI&rft.aulast=Luebke&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model for Trichloroethylene in the Male Long-Evans Rat AN - 18692019; 5576207 AB - A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for trichloroethylene (TCE) in the male Long-Evans (LE) rat was needed to aid in evaluation of neurotoxicity data collected in this rodent stock. The purpose of this study was to develop such a model with the greatest possible specificity for the le rat. The PBPK model consisted of 5 compartments: brain, fat, slowly perfused tissue, rapidly perfused viscera, and liver. Partition coefficients (blood, fat, muscle, brain, liver) were determined for le rats. The volumes of the brain, liver, and fat compartments were estimated for each rat, with tissue-specific regression equations developed from measurements made in le rats. Vapor uptake data from le rats were used for estimation of Vmaxc. As blood flow values for le rats were not available, values from Sprague-Dawley (SD) and Fischer-344 (F344) rats were used in separate simulations. The resulting values of Vmaxc were used to simulate tissue (blood, liver, brain, fat) TCE concentrations, which were measured during (5, 20, 60 min) and after (60 min of TCE followed by 60 min of air) flow-through inhalation exposures of le rats to 200, 2000, or 4000 ppm TCE. Simulation of the experimental data was improved by use of F-344 blood-flow values and the corresponding Vmaxc (8.68 mg/h/kg) compared to use of SD flows and the associated Vmaxc (7.34 mg/h/kg). Sensitivity analysis was used to determine those input parameters with the greatest influence on TCE tissue concentrations. Alveolar ventilation consistently (across exposure concentration, exposure duration, and target tissue) had the greatest impact on TCE tissue concentration. The PBPK model described here is being used to explore the relationship between measures of internal dose of TCE and neurotoxic outcome. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Simmons, JE AU - Boyes, W K AU - Bushnell, P J AU - Raymer, J H AU - Limsakun, T AU - McDonald, A AU - Sey, Y M AU - Evans, M V AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711 Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - Sep 2002 SP - 3 EP - 15 VL - 69 IS - 1 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - pharmacokinetics KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24153:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18692019?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=A+Physiologically+Based+Pharmacokinetic+Model+for+Trichloroethylene+in+the+Male+Long-Evans+Rat&rft.au=Simmons%2C+JE%3BBoyes%2C+W+K%3BBushnell%2C+P+J%3BRaymer%2C+J+H%3BLimsakun%2C+T%3BMcDonald%2C+A%3BSey%2C+Y+M%3BEvans%2C+M+V&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DNA Arrays to Monitor Gene Expression in Rat Blood and Uterus following 17 beta -Estradiol Exposure: Biomonitoring Environmental Effects Using Surrogate Tissues AN - 18682125; 5576212 AB - We propose that gene expression changes in accessible tissues such as blood often reflect those in inaccessible tissues, thus offering a convenient biomonitoring method to provide insight into the effects of environmental toxicants on such tissues. In this pilot study, gene expression changes in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) were compared to those in the uteri of adult rats to identify genes that were altered in both tissues following estradiol treatment. Ovariectomized rats were treated with either 17 beta -estradiol or vehicle control (corn oil) for 3 days. PBL and uterine RNAs were hybridized to arrays containing 1185 genes. One hundred and ninety three genes were expressed in common between the PBL and uterus. Eighteen were changed significantly in both tissues, 9 of which were treatment- but not tissue-specific (e.g., jun-D, phospholipase A2, thymidine kinase). These results demonstrate that many genes are coexpressed between PBL and uterus, and that some are coregulated by estradiol. Given the limited number of genes examined in this study and the estimated size of other mammalian genomes, we conclude that many more genes will also be coregulated and suggest that accessible tissues such as PBL can serve as surrogate tissues for observing gene expression changes in inaccessible target tissues. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Rockett, J C AU - Kavlock, R J AU - Lambright, C R AU - Parks, L G AU - Schmid, JE AU - Wilson, V S AU - Wood, C AU - Dix, D J AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711 Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - Sep 2002 SP - 49 EP - 59 VL - 69 IS - 1 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - DNA microarrays KW - biomonitoring KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18682125?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=DNA+Arrays+to+Monitor+Gene+Expression+in+Rat+Blood+and+Uterus+following+17+beta+-Estradiol+Exposure%3A+Biomonitoring+Environmental+Effects+Using+Surrogate+Tissues&rft.au=Rockett%2C+J+C%3BKavlock%2C+R+J%3BLambright%2C+C+R%3BParks%2C+L+G%3BSchmid%2C+JE%3BWilson%2C+V+S%3BWood%2C+C%3BDix%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Rockett&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of a Fish Index to Assess Habitat Quality in Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island AN - 18629839; 5531516 AB - We developed an estuarine index of biotic integrity to assess habitat quality in Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island. Fish were collected at 18 fixed stations with a 61-m x 3.05-m beach seine once per month in July and August from 1988 to 1999. Stations were designated high or low quality depending on the total nitrogen concentration, number of low dissolved oxygen events, extent of human disturbance, abundance of macroalgae, and presence or absence of eelgrass Zostera marina. We used stepwise discriminant analysis on 13 candidate metrics based on fish community data to determine those most important in distinguishing between high and low habitat categories. We then used discriminant analysis and canonical discriminant analysis with the resulting significant metrics. The six metrics that were able to discriminate between sites were the number of estuarine spawner species, proportion of killifish, number of individuals, proportion of flounder, Shannon's diversity index, and proportion of benthic-associated species. Discriminant analysis with these metrics distinguished among sites with an overall error rate of 22%. Surprisingly, when an index was calculated from the metrics, sites designated as low quality based on environmental data had the highest scores whereas high-quality sites had low scores. Degraded sites in the upper estuary may have scored high due to the availability of shallow-water refuge from predation, abundant food, and warmer water with less current. Our results indicate that upper estuaries are important to juvenile fish and are worth protecting despite apparent human impacts. Further, an index of biotic integrity may not be useful in estuaries because of their characteristically harsh environmental conditions, which result in fish communities that are dominated by tolerant species that are habitat and feeding generalists. JF - Transactions of the American Fisheries Society AU - Meng, L AU - Orphanides, C D AU - Powell, J C AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882, USA Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - Sep 2002 SP - 731 EP - 742 VL - 131 IS - 4 SN - 0002-8487, 0002-8487 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Tolerance KW - USA, Rhode Island KW - Estuaries KW - Brackish KW - Man-induced effects KW - Habitat KW - Dissolved oxygen KW - Human impact KW - Pisces KW - Community composition KW - Biota KW - Index KW - ANW, USA, Rhode Island, Narragansett Bay KW - Nitrogen cycle KW - Zostera marina KW - Pollution indicators KW - Algae KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - D 04320:Brackishwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18629839?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.atitle=Use+of+a+Fish+Index+to+Assess+Habitat+Quality+in+Narragansett+Bay%2C+Rhode+Island&rft.au=Meng%2C+L%3BOrphanides%2C+C+D%3BPowell%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Meng&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=131&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=731&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.issn=00028487&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biota; Tolerance; Community composition; Estuaries; Man-induced effects; Nitrogen cycle; Habitat; Pollution indicators; Dissolved oxygen; Index; Human impact; Pisces; Zostera marina; Algae; USA, Rhode Island; ANW, USA, Rhode Island, Narragansett Bay; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pod Development Increases the Ozone Sensitivity of Phaseolus vulgaris AN - 18400094; 5392413 AB - The objective of this study was to determine if the O sub(3) sensitivity of Phaseolus vulgaris L. changed with plant development. Plants exposed to charcoal-filtered air or elevated O sub(3) throughout the study were compared to those exposed only during the vegetative or reproductive stages. Effects of pod development on O sub(3) sensitivity were also examined by removing flowers from a subset of plants. We found that plant developmental stage significantly altered O sub(3) sensitivity. Exposures during vegetative stages caused little foliar injury and had only a small impact on total growth and yield. In contrast, exposures during pod development had a much greater effect on foliar injury, growth and yield. Pod development significantly increased O sub(3) induced foliar injury and O sub(3) impacts on plant growth. We suggest that the greater O sub(3) sensitivity during pod filling and maturation is the consequence of reduced energy levels available for homeostatic repair processes. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Tingey, D T AU - Rodecap, K D AU - Lee, E H AU - Hogsett, W E AU - Gregg, J W AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis OR, U.S.A., TINGEY.DAVE@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - Sep 2002 SP - 325 EP - 341 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 139 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - green bean KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18400094?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Pod+Development+Increases+the+Ozone+Sensitivity+of+Phaseolus+vulgaris&rft.au=Tingey%2C+D+T%3BRodecap%2C+K+D%3BLee%2C+E+H%3BHogsett%2C+W+E%3BGregg%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Tingey&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=139&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Rapid, Non-Destructive Method For Estimating Aboveground Biomass Of Salt Marsh Grasses AN - 1665488823; 5460152 AB - Understanding the primary productivity of salt marshes requires accurate estimates of biomass. Unfortunately, these estimates vary enough within and among salt marshes to require large numbers of replicates if the averages are to be statistically meaningful. Large numbers of replicates are rarely taken, however, because they involve too much labor. Here, we present data on a fast, non-destructive method for measuring aboveground biomass of Spartina alterniflora and Phragmites australis that uses only the average height of the five tallest shoots and the total density of shoots over 10 cm tall. Collecting the data takes only a few minutes per replicate, and calculated values for biomass compare favorably with destructive measurements on harvested samples. JF - Wetlands AU - Thursby, G B AU - Chintala, M M AU - Stetson, D AU - Wigand, C AU - Champlin, D M AD - Atlantic Ecology Division US Environmental Protection Agency 27 Tarzwell Drive Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA 02882 thursby, glen@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - Sep 2002 SP - 626 EP - 630 PB - The Society of Wetland Scientists VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0277-5212, 0277-5212 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Spartina alterniflora KW - Salt Marshes KW - Grasses KW - Estimating KW - Primary Productivity KW - Measuring techniques KW - Biomass KW - Primary production KW - Salt marshes KW - Analytical Methods KW - Analytical techniques KW - Phragmites australis KW - Marsh Plants KW - Wetlands KW - Approximation KW - Data Interpretation KW - Data acquisition KW - Data Collections KW - Q1 08382:Ecological techniques and apparatus KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - D 04001:Methodology - general KW - O 1090:Instruments/Methods KW - D 04636:Grasses UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1665488823?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wetlands&rft.atitle=A+Rapid%2C+Non-Destructive+Method+For+Estimating+Aboveground+Biomass+Of+Salt+Marsh+Grasses&rft.au=Thursby%2C+G+B%3BChintala%2C+M+M%3BStetson%2C+D%3BWigand%2C+C%3BChamplin%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Thursby&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=626&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wetlands&rft.issn=02775212&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0277-5212%282002%29022%280626%3AARNDMF%292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Salt marshes; Analytical techniques; Approximation; Biomass; Primary production; Data acquisition; Grasses; Measuring techniques; Salt Marshes; Analytical Methods; Estimating; Primary Productivity; Marsh Plants; Wetlands; Data Interpretation; Data Collections; Spartina alterniflora; Phragmites australis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0277-5212(2002)022(0626:ARNDMF)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of a risk assessment based approach to designing ambient air quality monitoring networks for evaluating non-cancer health impacts AN - 16154032; 5561187 AB - An ambient air quality monitoring network has been established using risk assessment techniques to evaluate adverse health effects from exposures to airborne contaminants. The risk assessment method was compared to traditional methods of establishing air quality monitoring networks: identifying maximum concentration impacts or maximum total population. Results suggest that the health risk method best predicted the location of adverse, non-carcinogenic respiratory illnesses during the evaluation period. Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient, r sub(s), values obtained using the risk assessment method were statistically greater than the values obtained using the concentration and population methods. The concentration method was the least accurate predictor of adverse effects. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Baldauf, R W AU - Lane, D D AU - Marotz, G A AU - Barkman, H W AU - Pierce, T AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, 2000 Traverwood Dr., Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA, baldauf.richard@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - Sep 2002 SP - 213 EP - 227 VL - 78 IS - 3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - air quality KW - monitoring KW - Risk Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Atmospheric pollution monitoring KW - Statistical analysis KW - Pollution effects KW - Environmental health KW - Air quality KW - Correlation analysis KW - Public health KW - Air pollution KW - Atmospheric pollution and health KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16154032?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Application+of+a+risk+assessment+based+approach+to+designing+ambient+air+quality+monitoring+networks+for+evaluating+non-cancer+health+impacts&rft.au=Baldauf%2C+R+W%3BLane%2C+D+D%3BMarotz%2C+G+A%3BBarkman%2C+H+W%3BPierce%2C+T&rft.aulast=Baldauf&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Air pollution; Public health; Atmospheric pollution monitoring; Atmospheric pollution and health; Statistical analysis; Air quality; Correlation analysis; Pollution monitoring; Environmental health; Pollution effects ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of a fluorometric screening method for predicting total PAH concentrations in contaminated sediments AN - 16143188; 5534684 AB - A fluorometric screening method was used to estimate total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (t-PAH) concentrations in sediments collected from the St. Louis River Area of Concern (AOC) in northeastern Minnesota. Sediments were collected as part of a Regional Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (R-EMAP) study to assess sediment quality in the AOC. The screening method was calibrated using a PAH surrogate standard consisting of eight PAHs commonly found in the St. Louis River system, at their approximate proportions. Estimated PAH concentrations were compared to GC/MS measured 'true' PAH concentrations to evaluate the overall predictive power of the screening method. Regression analysis of log transformed estimated versus true PAH concentration yielded an r super(2) of 0.72 (n = 86). In addition, the rates of false positive and false negative predictions associated with the screening method were determined relative to different sediment effects concentrations (SECs) for total PAHs. In general, the rate of false positive predictions was shown to increase as the SEC criteria value decreased, while false negative rates remained consistently low (below 7%). Methodological recommendations which led to a three-fold reduction in false negatives, and the improved prediction of both high and low PAH samples, are presented. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Peterson, G S AU - Axler, R P AU - Lodge, K B AU - Schuldt, JA AU - Crane, J L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Division Laboratory, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN, USA, peterson.greg@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2002/09/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Sep 01 SP - 111 EP - 129 VL - 78 IS - 2 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - USA, Minnesota, Saint Louis R. KW - fluorometry KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Fluorescence spectroscopy KW - Water quality KW - Evaluation KW - Monitoring methods KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Fluorimetry KW - Data Collections KW - Pollutant Identification KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Screening KW - Sediment pollution KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Hydrocarbons KW - USA, Minnesota, St. Louis R. KW - Contaminated sediments KW - USA, Minnesota KW - Methodology KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Analytical Methods KW - Analytical techniques KW - Fluorometry KW - Monitoring KW - W4 220:Environmental Modeling KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16143188?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+a+fluorometric+screening+method+for+predicting+total+PAH+concentrations+in+contaminated+sediments&rft.au=Peterson%2C+G+S%3BAxler%2C+R+P%3BLodge%2C+K+B%3BSchuldt%2C+JA%3BCrane%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Screening; Prediction; Evaluation; Environmental monitoring; Sediment pollution; Fluorescence spectroscopy; Analytical techniques; Aromatic hydrocarbons; Water quality; Methodology; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Monitoring methods; Fluorimetry; Monitoring; Contaminated sediments; Pollutant Identification; Performance Evaluation; Analytical Methods; Hydrocarbons; Fluorometry; Sediment Contamination; Data Collections; USA, Minnesota, St. Louis R.; USA, Minnesota ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of Liquid and Gas-Phase Photooxidation of MTBE: Synthetic and Field Samples AN - 16141036; 5466087 AB - The feasibility of photooxidation treatment of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) in water was investigated using two systems: (1) a slurry falling film photoreactor and (2) an integrated air stripping with gas phase photooxidation system. Methyl tert-butyl ether-contaminated synthetic water and field samples from contaminated sites were used for these studies. Using a TiO sub(2) slurry (0.1 g/L; Degussa P25) flowing down at a rate of up to 0.26 L/min over the inner surface of a glass tube surrounding a 1-kW medium pressure mercury lamp, more than 99% of MTBE in the synthetic samples, initially at 1 mg/L, was degraded within 90 min. The major degradation products from MTBE were tert-butyl alcohol, tert-butyl formate, and small amounts of acetone. However, the degradation of MTBE and its byproducts in contaminated groundwater samples was hindered significantly by dissolved metals such as Fe super(2+), chloride ions, and aromatic organic species. Integrating air stripping with gas-phase photocatalysis is an an effective alternative that would not be affected by the water chemistry. The reaction rates for MTBE degradation in the gas phase are orders of magnitude faster than in aqueous solution. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Sahle-Demessie, E AU - Richardson, T AU - Almquist, C B AU - Pillai, U R AD - U.S. EPA, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Sustainable Technology Division, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA, sahle-demessie.endalkachew@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - Sep 2002 SP - 782 EP - 790 VL - 128 IS - 9 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - MTBE KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Photochemistry KW - Feasibility studies KW - Water Pollution Treatment KW - Gasoline KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Air stripping KW - Pollution (Groundwater) KW - Water treatment KW - Remediation KW - Oxidation KW - Photooxidation KW - Photocatalysis KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Stripping (By air) KW - Additives KW - Oxygenated compounds KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16141036?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+Liquid+and+Gas-Phase+Photooxidation+of+MTBE%3A+Synthetic+and+Field+Samples&rft.au=Sahle-Demessie%2C+E%3BRichardson%2C+T%3BAlmquist%2C+C+B%3BPillai%2C+U+R&rft.aulast=Sahle-Demessie&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=782&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/10.1061%2F%28ASCE%290733-9372%282002%29128%3A9%28782%29 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Feasibility studies; Water treatment; Gasoline; Photooxidation; Groundwater pollution; Additives; Air stripping; Pollution (Groundwater); MTBE; Oxidation; Photocatalysis; Stripping (By air); Oxygenated compounds; Photochemistry; Water Pollution Treatment; Remediation; Groundwater Pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2002)128:9(782) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods development and use of macroinvertebrates as indicators of ecological conditions for streams in the Mid-Atlantic Highlands region AN - 16139425; 5534687 AB - The Mid-Atlantic Highlands Assessment (MAHA) included the sampling of macroinvertebrates from 424 wadeable stream sites to determine status and trends, biological conditions, and water quality in first through third order streams in the Mid-Atlantic Highlands Region (MAHR) of the United States in 1993-1995. We identified reference and impaired sites using water chemistry and habitat criteria and evaluated a set of candidate macroinvertebrate metrics using a stepwise process. This process examined several metric characteristics, including ability of metrics to discriminate reference and impaired sites, relative scope of impairment, correlations with chemical and habitat indicators of stream disturbance, redundancy with other metrics, and within-year variability. Metrics that performed well were compared with metrics currently being used by three states in the region: Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West Virginia. Some of the metrics used by these states did not perform well when evaluated using regional data, while other metrics used by all three states in some form, specifically number of taxa, number of EPT taxa, and Hilsenhoff Biotic Index, performed well overall. Reasons for discrepancies between state and regional evaluations of metrics are explored. We also provide a set of metrics that, when used in combination, may provide a useful assessment of stream conditions in the MAHR. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Klemm, D J AU - Blocksom, KA AU - Thoeny, W T AU - Fulk, F A AU - Herlihy, A T AU - Kaufmann, PR AU - Cormier, S M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory (NERL), Cincinnati, OH, USA, klemm.donald@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/09/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Sep 01 SP - 169 EP - 212 VL - 78 IS - 2 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - USA, mid-Atlantic region KW - macroinvertebrata KW - Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Environmental Quality KW - Water quality measurements KW - Indicators KW - Macroinvertebrates KW - Water quality KW - Streams KW - Ecology KW - Habitats KW - Benthic invertebrates KW - Classification KW - Measuring methods KW - Pollution indicators KW - Aquatic insects KW - Species richness KW - Data Collections KW - Bioindicators KW - Rivers KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Biogeochemistry KW - USA, Mid-Atlantic Region KW - USA, Virginia KW - Macrofauna KW - Habitat KW - USA, West Virginia KW - Streams (in natural channels) KW - Methodology KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Community composition KW - Comparison Studies KW - USA, Pennsylvania KW - Species diversity KW - Freshwater organisms KW - Monitoring KW - Zoobenthos KW - Indicator species KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - D 04001:Methodology - general KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes KW - Z 05156:Techniques UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16139425?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Methods+development+and+use+of+macroinvertebrates+as+indicators+of+ecological+conditions+for+streams+in+the+Mid-Atlantic+Highlands+region&rft.au=Klemm%2C+D+J%3BBlocksom%2C+KA%3BThoeny%2C+W+T%3BFulk%2C+F+A%3BHerlihy%2C+A+T%3BKaufmann%2C+PR%3BCormier%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Klemm&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental monitoring; Rivers; Pollution monitoring; Community composition; Classification; Species diversity; Freshwater organisms; Zoobenthos; Aquatic insects; Pollution indicators; Indicator species; Macrofauna; Water quality; Streams; Species richness; Methodology; Bioindicators; Measuring methods; Biogeochemistry; Water quality measurements; Habitat; Ecology; Benthic invertebrates; Indicators; Monitoring; Streams (in natural channels); Performance Evaluation; Habitats; Comparison Studies; Environmental Quality; Macroinvertebrates; Data Collections; USA, Mid-Atlantic Region; USA, Pennsylvania; USA, Virginia; USA, West Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dietary exposure to chlorpyrifos alters core temperature in the rat AN - 18489559; 5454765 AB - Administration of the organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos (CHP) to the male rat at a dose of 25-80 mg/kg (p.o.) results in hypothermia followed by a delayed fever lasting for several days. These are high doses of CHP that cause marked cholinergic stimulation. It is important to understand if chronic exposure to CHP would evoke changes in thermoregulation that are comparable to the acute administration. Male rats of the Long-Evans strain were subjected to dietary treatment of 0, 1, or 5 mg/(kg day) CHP for 6 months. A limited amount of food was given per day to maintain body weight at 350 g. The constant body weight allowed for the regulation of a consistent dosage of CHP per kg body weight throughout the feeding period. Core temperature (T sub(a)) and motor activity (MA) were monitored by radio telemetric transmitters implanted in the abdominal cavity. After 5 months of treatment, T sub(c) and MA were monitored in undisturbed animals for 96 h. CHP at 5 mg/(kg day) led to a slight elevation in T sub(c) without affecting MA. The rats were then administered a challenge dose of CHP (30 mg/kg, p.o.) while T sub(c) and MA were monitored. Rats fed the 1 and 5 mg/kg CHP diets showed a significantly greater hypothermic response and reduction in MA following CHP challenge compared to controls. The restricted feeding schedule resulted in marked changes in the pattern of the circadian rhythm. Therefore, in another study, rats were treated ad libitum for 17 days with a CHP diet that resulted in a dosage of 7 mg CHP/(mg day). There was a significant increase in T sub(c) during the daytime but not during the night throughout most of the treatment period. Overall, chronic CHP was associated with a slight but significant elevation in T sub(c) and greater hypothermic response to a CHP challenge. This latter finding was unexpected and suggests that chronic exposure to CHP sensitizes the rat's thermoregulatory response to acute CHP exposure. JF - Toxicology AU - Gordon, C J AU - Padnos, B K AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, gordon.christopher@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/08/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Aug 15 SP - 215 EP - 226 VL - 177 IS - 2-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24131:Acute exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18489559?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Dietary+exposure+to+chlorpyrifos+alters+core+temperature+in+the+rat&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J%3BPadnos%2C+B+K&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2002-08-15&rft.volume=177&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of emissions from burning incense AN - 19928723; 5454742 AB - The primary objective of this study was to improve the characterization of particulate matter emissions from burning incense. Emissions of particulate matter were measured for 23 different types of incense using a cyclone/filter method. Emission rates for PM sub(2.5) (particulate matter less than 2.5 mu m in aerodynamic diameter) ranged from 7 to 202 mg/h, and PM sub(2.5) emission factors ranged from 5 to 56 mg/g of incense burned. Emission rates were also determined using an electrical low pressure impactor (ELPI) and a small electrostatic precipitator (ESP), and emission rates were compared to those determined using the cyclone-filter method. Emission rates determined by the ELPI method were consistently lower than those determined by the cyclone/filter method, and a linear regression correlation was found between emission rates determined by the two methods. Emission rates determined by the ESP method were consistently higher than those determined by the cyclone/filter method, indicating that the ESP may be a more effective method for measuring semivolatile particle emissions. A linear regression correlation was also found between emission rates determined by the ESP and cyclone/filter methods. Particle size distributions were measured with the ELPI, and distributions were found to be similar for most types of incense that were tested. Size distributions by mass typically ranged from approximately 0.06 to 2.5 mu m in aerodynamic diameter, with peak values between 0.26 and 0.65 mu m. Results indicated that burning incense emits fine particulate matter in large quantities compared to other indoor sources. An indoor air quality model showed that indoor concentrations of PM sub(2.5) can far exceed the outdoor concentrations specified by the US EPA's National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), so incense smoke can pose a health risk to people due to inhalation exposure of particulate matter. Emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), nitric oxide (NO), and sulfur dioxide (SO sub(2)) were also measured for seven types of incense. Emission rates of the gaseous pollutants were sufficient to cause indoor concentrations, estimated using the indoor air quality model, to exceed the outdoor concentrations specified by the NAAQS under certain conditions. However, the incense samples that were tested would fill a room with thick smoke under these conditions. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Jetter, J J AU - Guo, Z AU - McBrian, JA AU - Flynn, M R AD - US Environmental Protection Agency (Mail Drop 54), Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, jetter.jim@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/08/05/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Aug 05 SP - 51 EP - 67 VL - 295 IS - 1-3 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - incense KW - Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Particle size KW - Smoke KW - Carbon monoxide KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Measuring methods KW - Indoor air pollution KW - Emissions KW - Nitric oxide KW - Air pollution measurements KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - R2 23050:Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19928723?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+emissions+from+burning+incense&rft.au=Jetter%2C+J+J%3BGuo%2C+Z%3BMcBrian%2C+JA%3BFlynn%2C+M+R&rft.aulast=Jetter&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-08-05&rft.volume=295&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon monoxide; Smoke; Particle size; Sulfur dioxide; Measuring methods; Indoor air pollution; Emissions; Nitric oxide; Air pollution measurements ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of science in federal policy development on a regional to global scale: Personal commentary AN - 968178728; 16466786 AB - Nutrient enrichment of coastal waters is an example of the large-scale, highly complex environmental challenges facing decision makers today. Conventional monitoring networks and advanced observational capabilities permit the detection of changes in the environment at continental to global scales (e.g., hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico, aerosol plumes stretching across the ocean, global atmospheric enrichment of carbon dioxide). Much more knowledge is needed, however, to fully understand the societal consequences of environmental change and of actions taken to address them. This paper discusses the emerging role of assessment in developing effective U.S. policy responses to large-scale, complex environmental change while improving the scientific understanding of the problem. In the cases of global climate change and coastal hypoxia, the U.S. Congress passed legislation authorizing assessments recognizing that decision making must proceed in the face of scientific uncertainty. Evaluating the state of knowledge is usually the first step in an assessment in order to provide a picture of what is known and where there are knowledge gaps. Assessments should also provide the policy maker with an idea of the level of uncertainty, how long it may take to reduce the uncertainty, what information is most critical to resolve, and the consequences and benefits of the various management options. In this paper I draw upon several examples from national assessments, including those of climate change impacts on the U.S. and relationships between Mississippi River water and Gulf of Mexico water quality, to illustrate the strengths and difficulties of using science and assessment to inform the policy process. JF - Estuaries AU - Bierbaum, Rosina AD - Office of Science and Technology Policy, Eisenhower Executive Office Building, Room 435, 20502, Washington, D. C. Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 878 EP - 885 PB - Estuarine Research Federation, 490 Chippingwood Dr. Port Republic MD 20676-2140 United States VL - 25 IS - 4 SN - 0160-8347, 0160-8347 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Climate change KW - Nutrients KW - Freshwater KW - Water quality KW - Gulfs KW - Environmental factors KW - Assessments KW - Networks KW - Enrichment KW - Policies KW - Aerosols KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - North America, Mississippi R. KW - River water KW - Hypoxia KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Benefits KW - Legislation KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - O 4080:Pollution - Control and Prevention KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - Q1 08121:Law, policy, economics and social sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/968178728?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries&rft.atitle=The+role+of+science+in+federal+policy+development+on+a+regional+to+global+scale%3A+Personal+commentary&rft.au=Bierbaum%2C+Rosina&rft.aulast=Bierbaum&rft.aufirst=Rosina&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=878&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries&rft.issn=01608347&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2FBF02804913 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aerosols; Policies; River water; Hypoxia; Climate change; Water quality; Carbon dioxide; Environmental factors; Legislation; Assessments; Networks; Nutrients; Enrichment; Benefits; Gulfs; ASW, Mexico Gulf; North America, Mississippi R.; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02804913 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of the LOAEL-to-NOAEL uncertainty factor for mild adverse effects from acute inhalation exposures. AN - 72189597; 12383722 AB - This analysis was undertaken to reduce uncertainty in acute inhalation risk assessment for mild acute effects. Applying uncertainty factors (UFs) to the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) is the primary approach used in threshold-based risk assessments. When a NOAEL is unavailable, a UF of 10 is often applied to a lowest-observed-adverse-effect level (LOAEL) to estimate the NOAEL. We evaluated the LOAEL-to-NOAEL relationship for mild acute inhalation toxicity for 215 data sets for 36 hazardous air pollutants. The LOAEL-to-NOAEL ratios were 2.0, 5.0, 6.3, and 10.0 for the 50th, 90th, 95th, and 99 th percentile, respectively. The 90% confidence interval for the 95th percentile was 5.0-7.5. Consequently, based on previous dose placement practice, the LOAEL-to-NOAEL UF of 6 would be protective for 95% of the responses, and a value of 10 would be protective of 99% of the responses. The ratio values were not associated with the size of the experimental group. There was little variability among species, particularly at the median. This analysis is reflective only of mild acute inhalation toxicity. For other exposure routes, exposure durations, or more severe toxicity, the distributions are likely to be different. JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Alexeeff, George V AU - Broadwin, Rachel AU - Liaw, Jane AU - Dawson, Stanley V AD - California Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Oakland 94612, California. galexeef@oehha.ca.gov Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 96 EP - 105 VL - 36 IS - 1 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Guinea Pigs KW - Humans KW - Mice KW - Rabbits KW - Haplorhini KW - Rats KW - No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level KW - Dogs KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Cricetinae KW - Proportional Hazards Models KW - Uncertainty KW - Inhalation Exposure -- statistics & numerical data KW - Toxicity Tests -- statistics & numerical data KW - Models, Statistical KW - Risk Assessment -- statistics & numerical data KW - Risk Assessment -- methods KW - Air Pollutants -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72189597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+the+LOAEL-to-NOAEL+uncertainty+factor+for+mild+adverse+effects+from+acute+inhalation+exposures.&rft.au=Alexeeff%2C+George+V%3BBroadwin%2C+Rachel%3BLiaw%2C+Jane%3BDawson%2C+Stanley+V&rft.aulast=Alexeeff&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=96&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-23 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Support of science-based decisions concerning the evaluation of the toxicology of mixtures: a new beginning. AN - 72186344; 12383716 JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Teuschler, Linda AU - Klaunig, James AU - Carney, Ed AU - Chambers, Janice AU - Conolly, Rory AU - Gennings, Chris AU - Giesy, John AU - Hertzberg, Richard AU - Klaassen, Curtis AU - Kodell, Ralph AU - Paustenbach, Dennis AU - Yang, Raymond AD - US EPA-National Center for Environmental Assessment, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 34 EP - 39 VL - 36 IS - 1 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Humans KW - Consensus KW - Technology Transfer KW - Databases, Factual -- standards KW - Research Design KW - Models, Biological KW - Public Health -- standards KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Toxicity Tests -- methods KW - Risk Assessment -- standards KW - Risk Assessment -- methods KW - Toxicity Tests -- standards KW - Decision Support Techniques UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72186344?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=Support+of+science-based+decisions+concerning+the+evaluation+of+the+toxicology+of+mixtures%3A+a+new+beginning.&rft.au=Teuschler%2C+Linda%3BKlaunig%2C+James%3BCarney%2C+Ed%3BChambers%2C+Janice%3BConolly%2C+Rory%3BGennings%2C+Chris%3BGiesy%2C+John%3BHertzberg%2C+Richard%3BKlaassen%2C+Curtis%3BKodell%2C+Ralph%3BPaustenbach%2C+Dennis%3BYang%2C+Raymond&rft.aulast=Teuschler&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=34&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-23 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - What to do at low doses: a bounding approach for economic analysis. AN - 72080771; 12224742 AB - To quantify the health benefits of environmental policies, economists generally require estimates of the reduced probability of illness or death. For policies that reduce exposure to carcinogenic substances, these estimates traditionally have been obtained through the linear extrapolation of experimental dose-response data to low-exposure scenarios as described in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment (1986). In response to evolving scientific knowledge, EPA proposed revisions to the guidelines in 1996. Under the proposed revisions, dose-response relationships would not be estimated for carcinogens thought to exhibit nonlinear modes of action. Such a change in cancer-risk assessment methods and outputs will likely have serious consequences for how benefit-cost analyses of policies aimed at reducing cancer risks are conducted. Any tendency for reduced quantification of effects in environmental risk assessments, such as those contemplated in the revisions to EPA's cancer-risk assessment guidelines, impedes the ability of economic analysts to respond to increasing calls for benefit-cost analysis. This article examines the implications for benefit-cost analysis of carcinogenic exposures of the proposed changes to the 1986 Guidelines and proposes an approach for bounding dose-response relationships when no biologically based models are available. In spite of the more limited quantitative information provided in a carcinogen risk assessment under the proposed revisions to the guidelines, we argue that reasonable bounds on dose-response relationships can be estimated for low-level exposures to nonlinear carcinogens. This approach yields estimates of reduced illness for use in a benefit-cost analysis while incorporating evidence of nonlinearities in the dose-response relationship. As an illustration, the bounding approach is applied to the case of chloroform exposure. JF - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis AU - Griffiths, Charles W AU - Dockins, Chris AU - Owens, Nicole AU - Simon, Nathalie B AU - Axelrad, Daniel A AD - U.S. EPA, National Center for Environmental Economics, Washington, DC 20460, USA. griffiths.charles@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 679 EP - 688 VL - 22 IS - 4 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Chloroform KW - 7V31YC746X KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Carcinogens -- administration & dosage KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Chloroform -- administration & dosage KW - Humans KW - Cost-Benefit Analysis KW - Linear Models KW - Nonlinear Dynamics KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Chloroform -- toxicity KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Environment KW - Risk Assessment -- economics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72080771?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=What+to+do+at+low+doses%3A+a+bounding+approach+for+economic+analysis.&rft.au=Griffiths%2C+Charles+W%3BDockins%2C+Chris%3BOwens%2C+Nicole%3BSimon%2C+Nathalie+B%3BAxelrad%2C+Daniel+A&rft.aulast=Griffiths&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=679&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-11-04 N1 - Date created - 2002-09-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Computational chemistry study of the environmentally important acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of atrazine and related 2-chloro-s-triazines. AN - 72023748; 12192899 AB - Many chlorine-containing pesticides, for example 2-chloro-s-triazines, are of great concern both environmentally and toxicologically. As a result, ascertaining or predicting the fate and transport of these compounds in soils and water is of current interest. Transformation pathways for 2-chloro-s-triazines in the environment include dealkylation, dechlorination (hydrolysis), and ring cleavage. This study explored the feasibility of using computational chemistry, specifically the hybrid density functional theory method, B3LYP, to predict hydrolysis trends of atrazine (2-chloro-N4-ethyl-N6-isopropyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine) and related 2-chloro-s-triazines to the corresponding 2-hydroxy-s-triazines. Gas-phase energetics are described on the basis of calculations performed at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p)//B3LYP/6-31G* level of theory. Calculated free energies of hydrolysis (delta h G298) are nearly the same for simazine (2-chloro-N4,N6-diethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine), atrazine, and propazine (2-chloro-N4,N6-di-isopropyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine), suggesting that hydrolysis is not significantly affected by the side-chain amine-nitrogen alkyl substituents. High-energy barriers also suggest that the reactions are not likely to be observed in the gas phase. Aqueous solvation effects were examined by means of self-consistent reaction field methods (SCRF). Molecular structures were optimized at the B3LYP/6-31G* level using the Onsager model, and solvation energies were calculated at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level using the isodensity surface polarizable continuum model (IPCM). Although the extent of solvent stabilization was greater for cationic species than neutral ones, the full extent of solvation is underestimated, especially for the transition state structures. As a consequence, the calculated hydrolysis barrier for protonated atrazine is exaggerated compared with the experimentally determined one. Overall, the hydrolysis reactions follow a concerted nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) pathway. JF - Pest management science AU - Sawunyama, Phillip AU - Bailey, George W AD - National Research Council, US Environmental Protection Agency, 960 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30605, USA. sawunyama.phillip@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 759 EP - 768 VL - 58 IS - 8 SN - 1526-498X, 1526-498X KW - Acids KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Herbicides KW - Protons KW - Triazines KW - Atrazine KW - QJA9M5H4IM KW - Index Medicus KW - Molecular Structure KW - Acids -- chemistry KW - Computer Simulation KW - Thermodynamics KW - Hydrolysis KW - Catalysis KW - Atrazine -- chemistry KW - Herbicides -- chemistry KW - Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques KW - Triazines -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72023748?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pest+management+science&rft.atitle=Computational+chemistry+study+of+the+environmentally+important+acid-catalyzed+hydrolysis+of+atrazine+and+related+2-chloro-s-triazines.&rft.au=Sawunyama%2C+Phillip%3BBailey%2C+George+W&rft.aulast=Sawunyama&rft.aufirst=Phillip&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=759&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pest+management+science&rft.issn=1526498X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-01-12 N1 - Date created - 2002-08-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and evaluation of the Lake Macroinvertebrate Integrity Index (LMII) for New Jersey lakes and reservoirs. AN - 72022331; 12194418 AB - In response to the recent focus by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency on bioassessment of lakes, a multimetric index was developed for New Jersey lakes and reservoirs using benthic macroinvertebrates. Benthic samples were collected from reference and impaired lakes with muck and intermediate sediments in central and northern New Jersey during summer 1997. We used a stepwise process to evaluate properties of candidate metrics and selected five for the Lake Macroinvertebrate Integrity Index (LMII): Hilsenhoff Biotic Index (HBI), percent chironomid individuals, percent collector-gatherer taxa, percent oligochaetes/leeches, and number of Diptera taxa. We scored metrics as the fraction of the best expected value (based on all sites) achieved at a site and summed them into the LMII. Evaluation of the LMII showed that it discriminated well between reference and impaired lakes and was strongly related to several potential stressors. Chemical and physical gradients distinguished between reference and impaired lakes, and the LMII summarized these gradients well. The LMII corresponded strongly with land use, but some lakes with more urban land use still achieved high scores. Based on a power analysis, the ability of the LMII to detect differences in condition was sensitive to the number of samples from each lake. JF - Environmental monitoring and assessment AU - Blocksom, Karen A AU - Kurtenbach, James P AU - Klemm, Donald J AU - Fulk, Florence A AU - Cormier, Susan M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Ecological Exposure Research Division, Ecosystems Research Branch, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. blocksom.karen@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 311 EP - 333 VL - 77 IS - 3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - Population Dynamics KW - Seasons KW - Biological Assay KW - New Jersey KW - Geologic Sediments KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Ecosystem KW - Water Supply KW - Invertebrates KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72022331?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.atitle=Development+and+evaluation+of+the+Lake+Macroinvertebrate+Integrity+Index+%28LMII%29+for+New+Jersey+lakes+and+reservoirs.&rft.au=Blocksom%2C+Karen+A%3BKurtenbach%2C+James+P%3BKlemm%2C+Donald+J%3BFulk%2C+Florence+A%3BCormier%2C+Susan+M&rft.aulast=Blocksom&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=311&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-14 N1 - Date created - 2002-08-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of methyl tert-butyl ether to plants (Avena sativa, Zea mays, Triticum aestivum, and Lactuca sativa). AN - 71970288; 12152769 AB - Influence of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) on the germination of seeds and growth of seedling plants were studied in laboratory experiments. Test plants were wild oats (Avena sativa), sweet corn (Zea mays), wheat (Triticum aestivum), and lettuce (Lactuca sativa). Seed germination, shoot growth, and root growth of plants exposed to different concentrations of MTBE in a moist soil were examined. Seed germination and seedling growth in MTBE-contaminated soil were markedly reduced in all test plants. The median lethal concentration values for seed germination tests and the median effective concentration values for shoot or root growth were calculated. The values for lettuce, wild oats, wheat, and sweet corn were in the range of 18 to 91, 362 to 459, 432 to 751, and 672 to 964 mg MTBE/kg soil as dry weight, respectively. Lettuce was most sensitive to MTBE, followed (in order of decreasing sensitivity) by wild oats, wheat, and sweet corn. Because MTBE can be readily absorbed by plants due to its high solubility in water, plant growth was a more sensitive endpoint than seed germination. Shoot length was more reduced in MTBE-contaminated soil than was the root length, which indicated that MTBE might be transported within the plant from the roots to the shoots. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - An, Youn-Joo AU - Kampbell, Donald H AU - McGill, Mary E AD - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Ada, Oklahoma 74820, USA. anyjoo@ewha.ac.kr Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 1679 EP - 1682 VL - 21 IS - 8 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Methyl Ethers KW - methyl tert-butyl ether KW - 29I4YB3S89 KW - Index Medicus KW - Seeds KW - Solubility KW - Plant Roots -- physiology KW - Lettuce -- growth & development KW - Avena -- growth & development KW - Absorption KW - Triticum -- growth & development KW - Zea mays -- growth & development KW - Methyl Ethers -- toxicity KW - Germination -- drug effects KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71970288?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+methyl+tert-butyl+ether+to+plants+%28Avena+sativa%2C+Zea+mays%2C+Triticum+aestivum%2C+and+Lactuca+sativa%29.&rft.au=An%2C+Youn-Joo%3BKampbell%2C+Donald+H%3BMcGill%2C+Mary+E&rft.aulast=An&rft.aufirst=Youn-Joo&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1679&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-22 N1 - Date created - 2002-08-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a bird integrity index: using bird assemblages as indicators of riparian condition. AN - 71890108; 12105768 AB - We describe the development of a bird integrity index (BII) that uses bird assemblage information to assess human impacts on 13 stream reaches in the Willamette Valley, Oregon, USA. We used bird survey data to test 62 candidate metrics representing aspects of bird taxonomic richness, tolerance or intolerance to human disturbance, dietary preferences, foraging techniques, and nesting strategies that were affected positively or negatively by human activities. We evaluated the metric responsiveness by plotting each one against a measure of site disturbance that included aspects of land use/land cover, road density, riparian cover, and stream channel and substrate conditions. In addition, we eliminated imprecise and highly correlated (redundant) metrics, leaving 13 metrics for the final index. Individual metric scores ranged continuously from 0 to 10, and index scores were weighted to range from 0 to 100. Scores were calibrated using historical species information to set expectations for the number of species expected under minimally disturbed conditions. Site scores varied from 82 for the least disturbed stream reach to 8.5 for an urban site. We compared the bird integrity index site scores with the performance of other measures of biotic response developed during this study: a fish index of biointegrity (IBI) and two benthic macroinvertebrate metrics. The three assemblages agreed on the general level of disturbance; however, individual sites scored differently depending on specific indicator response to in-stream or riparian conditions. The bird integrity index appears to be a useful management and monitoring tool for assessing riparian integrity and communicating the results to the public. Used together with aquatic indicator response and watershed data, bird assemblage information contributes to a more complete picture of stream condition. JF - Environmental management AU - Bryce, Sandra A AU - Hughes, Robert M AU - Kaufmann, Philip R AD - Dynamac Corporation, 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, Oregon 97333, USA. bryce.sandy@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 294 EP - 310 VL - 30 IS - 2 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Population Dynamics KW - Humans KW - Calibration KW - Data Collection KW - Diet KW - Male KW - Female KW - Ecosystem KW - Birds KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Conservation of Natural Resources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71890108?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+management&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+bird+integrity+index%3A+using+bird+assemblages+as+indicators+of+riparian+condition.&rft.au=Bryce%2C+Sandra+A%3BHughes%2C+Robert+M%3BKaufmann%2C+Philip+R&rft.aulast=Bryce&rft.aufirst=Sandra&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=294&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-09-24 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of capillary forces in steady-state and transient seepage flows AN - 52071670; 2002-062370 JF - Ground Water AU - Naba, Bassem AU - Boufadel, Michel C AU - Weaver, James Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 407 EP - 415 PB - Water Well Journal Pub. Co., Worthington, OH VL - 40 IS - 4 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - transient phenomena KW - numerical models KW - capillary pressure KW - mathematical methods KW - steady-state processes KW - hydrodynamics KW - capillary water KW - seepage KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52071670?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=The+role+of+capillary+forces+in+steady-state+and+transient+seepage+flows&rft.au=Naba%2C+Bassem%3BBoufadel%2C+Michel+C%3BWeaver%2C+James&rft.aulast=Naba&rft.aufirst=Bassem&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=407&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - capillary pressure; capillary water; ground water; hydrodynamics; mathematical methods; numerical models; seepage; steady-state processes; transient phenomena ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coastal eutrophication and the Danish National Aquatic Monitoring and Assessment Program AN - 52017777; 2003-009495 AB - Nutrient over-enrichment and cultural eutrophication are significant problems in the Danish marine environment. Symptoms of eutrophication include periods of hypoxia and anoxia in bottom waters, death of benthic-dwelling organisms during anoxia, long-term reductions in the depth distribution of macrophyte communities, changes in the species composition of macrophyte communities, and increases in reports of harmful algal blooms. In 1987 the Action Plan on the Aquatic Environment was adopted to combat nutrient pollution of the aquatic environment with the overall goal of reducing nitrogen loads by 50% and point source phosphorus loads by 80%. The Danish Aquatic Nationwide Monitoring Program was begun in 1988 in order to describe the status of point sources (industry, sewage treatment plants, stormwater outfalls, scattered dwellings, and fish farms), ground water, springs, agricultural watersheds, streams, lakes, atmospheric deposition, and the marine environment. Another important aspect of the program was to document the effects on the aquatic environment of the measures and investments taken for nutrient reduction as outlined in the Action Plan. The monitoring program should determine if reductions in nutrients are achieved by the measures taken and should help decision makers choose appropriate additional measures to fulfill the objectives. Coordination with international programs and commissions is an important component of the monitoring program to meet internationally agreed upon reductions in nutrient inputs. The future and direction of the Danish National Aquatic Monitoring and Assessment Program will be to a large extent shaped by both the Water Framework Directive and Habitat Directive adopted by the European Union. JF - Estuaries AU - Conley, Daniel J AU - Markager, Stiig AU - Andersen, Jesper AU - Ellermann, Thomas AU - Svendsen, Lars M AU - Rabalais, Nancy N AU - Nixon, Scott W Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 848 EP - 861 PB - Estuarine Research Federation, Lawrence, KS VL - 25 IS - 4B SN - 0160-8347, 0160-8347 KW - programs KW - Western Europe KW - waste water KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - cost KW - Danish National Aquatic Monitoring and Assessment Program KW - progress report KW - Scandinavia KW - marine environment KW - report KW - eutrophication KW - coastal environment KW - Denmark KW - air KW - North Sea KW - North Atlantic KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52017777?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries&rft.atitle=Coastal+eutrophication+and+the+Danish+National+Aquatic+Monitoring+and+Assessment+Program&rft.au=Conley%2C+Daniel+J%3BMarkager%2C+Stiig%3BAndersen%2C+Jesper%3BEllermann%2C+Thomas%3BSvendsen%2C+Lars+M%3BRabalais%2C+Nancy+N%3BNixon%2C+Scott+W&rft.aulast=Conley&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=4B&rft.spage=848&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries&rft.issn=01608347&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.jstor.org/journals/01608347.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on Nutrient enrichment in coastal waters; global patterns of cause and effect N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - PubXState - KS N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTUDO N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air; Atlantic Ocean; coastal environment; cost; Danish National Aquatic Monitoring and Assessment Program; Denmark; Europe; eutrophication; marine environment; North Atlantic; North Sea; pollution; programs; progress report; report; Scandinavia; waste water; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity assessment of sediments from the Grand Calumet River and Indiana Harbor Canal in northwestern Indiana, USA AN - 51989250; 2003-030506 AB - The objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of sediments from the Grand Calumet River and Indiana Harbor Canal located in northwestern Indiana, USA. Toxicity tests used in this assessment included 10-day sediment exposures with the amphipod Hyalella azteca, 31-day sediment exposures with the oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus, and the Microtox(Registered trademark) Solid-Phase Sediment Toxicity Test. A total of 30 sampling stations were selected in locations that had limited historic matching toxicity and chemistry data. Toxic effects on amphipod survival were observed in 60% of the samples from the assessment area. Results of a toxicity test with oligochaetes indicated that sediments from the assessment area were too toxic to be used in proposed bioaccumulation testing. Measurement of amphipod length after the 10-day exposures did not provide useful information beyond that provided by the survival endpoint. Seven of the 15 samples that were identified as toxic in the amphipod tests were not identified as toxic in the Microtox test, indicating that the 10-day H. azteca test was more sensitive than the Microtox test. Samples that were toxic tended to have the highest concentrations of metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The toxic samples often had an excess of simultaneously extracted metals (SEM) relative to acid volatile sulfide (AVS) and had multiple exceedances of probable effect concentrations (PECs). Metals may have contributed to the toxicity of samples that had both an excess molar concentration of SEM relative to AVS and elevated concentrations of metals in pore water. However, of the samples that had an excess of SEM relative to AVS, only 38% of these samples had elevated concentration of metals in pore water. The lack of correspondence between SEM-AVS and pore water metals indicates that there are variables in addition to AVS controlling the concentrations of metals in pore water. A mean PEC quotient of 3.4 (based on concentrations of metals, PAHs, and PCBs) was exceeded in 33% of the sediment samples and a mean quotient of 0.63 was exceeded in 70% of the thirty sediment samples from the assessment area. A 50% incidence of toxicity has been previously reported in a database for sediment tests with H. azteca at a mean quotient of 3.4 in 10-day exposures and at a mean quotient of 0.63 in 28-day exposures. Among the Indiana Harbor samples, most of the samples with a mean PEC quotient above 0.63 (i.e., 15 of 21; 71%) and above 3.4 (i.e., 10 of 10; 100%) were toxic to amphipods. Results of this study and previous studies demonstrate that sediments from this assessment area are among the most contaminated and toxic that have ever been reported. Copyright 2002 Springer-Verlag New York Inc. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Ingersoll, C G AU - MacDonald, D D AU - Brumbaugh, W G AU - Johnson, B T AU - Kemble, N E AU - Kunz, J L AU - May, T W AU - Wang, Ning AU - Smith, J R AU - Sparks, D W AU - Ireland, D S Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 156 EP - 167 PB - Springer, New York, NY VL - 43 IS - 2 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - benthic taxa KW - PCBs KW - Microtox SPT KW - techniques KW - northwestern Indiana KW - environmental analysis KW - bioaccumulation KW - toxicity KW - sampling KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - waterways KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Grand Calumet River KW - heavy metals KW - concentration KW - Lake County Indiana KW - monitoring KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - bioassays KW - biota KW - Hyalella azteca KW - habitat KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - testing KW - SEM data KW - Indiana Harbor Canal KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51989250?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Toxicity+assessment+of+sediments+from+the+Grand+Calumet+River+and+Indiana+Harbor+Canal+in+northwestern+Indiana%2C+USA&rft.au=Ingersoll%2C+C+G%3BMacDonald%2C+D+D%3BBrumbaugh%2C+W+G%3BJohnson%2C+B+T%3BKemble%2C+N+E%3BKunz%2C+J+L%3BMay%2C+T+W%3BWang%2C+Ning%3BSmith%2C+J+R%3BSparks%2C+D+W%3BIreland%2C+D+S&rft.aulast=Ingersoll&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=156&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00244-001-0051-0 L2 - http://www.springer.com/environment/environmental+toxicology/journal/244 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - CODEN - AECTCV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; benthic taxa; bioaccumulation; bioassays; biota; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; detection; environmental analysis; Grand Calumet River; habitat; halogenated hydrocarbons; heavy metals; Hyalella azteca; hydrocarbons; Indiana; Indiana Harbor Canal; Lake County Indiana; Microtox SPT; monitoring; northwestern Indiana; organic compounds; PCBs; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; sampling; sediments; SEM data; surface water; techniques; testing; toxicity; United States; waterways DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00244-001-0051-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An evaluation of the confidence removal goal approach for making remediation decisions at Superfund sites AN - 51971203; 2003-050418 AB - The Confidence Removal Goal approach was developed by the Gradient Corporation for the cleanup decisions at the METCOA Superfund Site. The CRG approach is a statistical approach to meet site cleanup goals based on the arithmetic mean of the contaminant concentration distribution. The CRG approach involves computing a threshold value c (super *) (called the CRG value) from observed sample values in cases where the data distribution is log-normal and the UCL of the population mean calculated for the sample exceeds the Cleanup Goal (CUG). The cleanup would then consist of removing all soils from the site with observed concentrations higher than the CRG value c (super *) . At the METCOA site, the cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni) concentrations passed the test of log-normality, and the UCL of the means exceeded their respective CUG values. The CRG values were then computed for observed Cd and Ni concentrations. In both cases, the CRG values turned out to be much higher than the respective observed maximum concentration. Based on these CRG values, it would appear that no cleanup would be needed at the METCOA site. A Monte Carlo simulation experiment was conducted by two of the authors of this article to investigate the performance of the CRG approach. The simulation experiments showed that the CRG approach had a rather high percentage of false negatives, i.e. it recommended no cleanup a large number of times when the simulation was performed for contaminated site conditions. The present article investigates the performance of the CRG approach for normal, uniform and exponential distributions, in addition to the log-normal distribution. The CRG approach gives reasonable results for all models considered in this article, except for the log-normal model, suggesting the inadequacy of the log-normal distribution for modeling skewed environmental data. JF - Environmetrics AU - Schultz, Brad AU - Singh, Ashok K AU - Singh, Anita A2 - Nocerino, John A2 - Singh, A. K. A2 - Spiegelman, Cliff Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 725 EP - 732 PB - Wiley, Chichester VL - 13 IS - 5-6 SN - 1180-4009, 1180-4009 KW - United States KW - soils KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - decision-making KW - simulation KW - remediation KW - METCOA Superfund Site KW - case studies KW - toxicity KW - decontamination KW - mathematical methods KW - Lawrence County Pennsylvania KW - probability KW - economics KW - Pennsylvania KW - heavy metals KW - Superfund sites KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51971203?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmetrics&rft.atitle=An+evaluation+of+the+confidence+removal+goal+approach+for+making+remediation+decisions+at+Superfund+sites&rft.au=Schultz%2C+Brad%3BSingh%2C+Ashok+K%3BSingh%2C+Anita&rft.aulast=Schultz&rft.aufirst=Brad&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=725&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmetrics&rft.issn=11804009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fenv.563 L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/6285/hom LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international conference on Environmetrics and chemometrics N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - Document feature - 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - case studies; decision-making; decontamination; economics; heavy metals; Lawrence County Pennsylvania; mathematical methods; mathematical models; METCOA Superfund Site; Monte Carlo analysis; Pennsylvania; pollution; probability; remediation; simulation; soils; statistical analysis; Superfund sites; toxicity; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/env.563 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Space-time correlation models and contaminant plumes AN - 51970631; 2003-050412 AB - A contaminant plume might be described by a function defined in space-time. Spatial integrals or time derivatives of this function as well as time derivatives of spatial integrals will quantify characteristics such as the total volume of the plume, the total concentration of the contaminant in the plume, rates of change of the volume, and rates of change of concentration. The plume function usually cannot be derived in analytic form but instead must be estimated or approximated. The dual form of the kriging estimator, which is equivalent to the use of radial basis functions, provides a tool for modeling this function in analytic form. The extension of the kriging estimator, in its usual form or in its dual form, to space-time poses no problems since the estimator and the equations are essentially dimension free. The difficulty is an adequate choice of space-time variograms or covariances. The product-sum and integrated product-sum models provide an extensive array of valid models and also lead to a simple process for fitting the models by the use of marginal variograms. Examples are given and an application to air pollution data from the Milan District (Italy) illustrates the method. JF - Environmetrics AU - Myers, D E A2 - Nocerino, John A2 - Singh, A. K. A2 - Spiegelman, Cliff Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 535 EP - 553 PB - Wiley, Chichester VL - 13 IS - 5-6 SN - 1180-4009, 1180-4009 KW - contaminant plumes KW - variance analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - kriging KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - Europe KW - correlation KW - Italy KW - Southern Europe KW - case studies KW - variograms KW - transport KW - Lombardy Italy KW - mathematical methods KW - air KW - Milan Italy KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51970631?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmetrics&rft.atitle=Space-time+correlation+models+and+contaminant+plumes&rft.au=Myers%2C+D+E&rft.aulast=Myers&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=535&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmetrics&rft.issn=11804009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fenv.536 L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/6285/hom LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international conference on Environmetrics and chemometrics N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air; case studies; contaminant plumes; correlation; Europe; Italy; kriging; Lombardy Italy; mathematical methods; mathematical models; Milan Italy; pollution; Southern Europe; statistical analysis; transport; variance analysis; variograms DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/env.536 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting pesticide volatilization from soils AN - 51969872; 2003-050414 AB - Due to concerns about public health and environmental contamination, there has been great interest in improving our understanding of the processes and mechanisms that affect pesticide emissions from fields. For many situations, predicting pesticide volatilization has been limited to simple situations that often neglect important environmental conditions such as changes in ambient temperature and/or the effect of micrometeorological conditions. Recent research has shown that changes in ambient temperature can strongly affect methyl bromide (MeBr) volatilization under field conditions. Little research has been conducted that couples atmospheric processes to the volatilization of pesticides from soils. A field study was conducted to measure the volatilization of methyl bromide from a 3.5 ha field. Four methods were used to obtain the volatilization rate as a function of time. A one-dimensional numerical model was developed and used to simulate the fate and transport of methyl bromide from the fumigated field. The numerical simulation simultaneously solves water, heat, and solute transport equations including chemical transport in the vapor phase. Three volatilization boundary conditions were used to assess their accuracy in predicting the volatilization rates. The first two boundary conditions follow stagnant boundary layer theory and use no atmospheric information. For these boundary conditions, one assumes isothermal conditions and the other assumes temperature-dependent conditions. The third boundary condition couples soil and atmospheric processes and was found to provide an accurate and credible simulation of the instantaneous volatilization rates compared to a stagnant boundary layer condition. For some information such as cumulative emissions, the simulations for each boundary condition provided similar results. This indicates that simplified methods may be appropriate for obtaining certain information. JF - Environmetrics AU - Yates, S R AU - Wang, D AU - Papiernik, S K AU - Gan, J A2 - Nocerino, John A2 - Singh, A. K. A2 - Spiegelman, Cliff Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 569 EP - 578 PB - Wiley, Chichester VL - 13 IS - 5-6 SN - 1180-4009, 1180-4009 KW - soils KW - pollutants KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - simulation KW - emissivity KW - boundary conditions KW - volatilization KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - methyl bromide KW - mathematical methods KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - pesticides KW - mass transfer KW - 25:Soils KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51969872?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmetrics&rft.atitle=Predicting+pesticide+volatilization+from+soils&rft.au=Yates%2C+S+R%3BWang%2C+D%3BPapiernik%2C+S+K%3BGan%2C+J&rft.aulast=Yates&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=569&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmetrics&rft.issn=11804009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fenv.542 L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/6285/hom LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international conference on Environmetrics and chemometrics N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; emissivity; halogenated hydrocarbons; mass transfer; mathematical methods; mathematical models; methyl bromide; organic compounds; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; prediction; simulation; soils; volatiles; volatilization DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/env.542 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using spatial models and kriging techniques to optimize long-term ground-water monitoring networks; a case study AN - 51969442; 2003-050416 AB - In a pilot project, a spatial and temporal algorithm (geostatistical temporal-spatial or GTS) was developed for optimizing long-term monitoring (LTM) networks. Data from two monitored ground-water plumes were used to test the algorithm. The primary objective was to determine the degree to which sampling, laboratory analysis, and/or well construction resources could be pared without losing key statistical information concerning the plumes. Optimization of an LTM network requires an accurate assessment of both ground-water quality over time and trends or other changes in individual monitoring wells. Changes in interpolated concentration maps over time indicate whether ground-water quality has improved or declined. GTS separately identifies temporal and spatial redundancies. Temporal redundancy may be reduced by lengthening the time between sample collection. Spatial redundancy may be reduced by removing wells from the network which do not significantly impact assessment of ground-water quality. Part of the temporal algorithm in GTS involves computation of a composite temporal variogram to determine the least redundant overall sampling interval. Under this measure of autocorrelation between sampling events, the lag time at which the variogram reaches a sill is the sampling interval at which same-well measurements lack correlation and are therefore non-redundant. The spatial algorithm assumes that well locations are redundant if nearby wells offer nearly the same statistical information about the underlying plume. A well was considered redundant if its removal did not significantly change: (i) an interpolated map of the plume; (ii) the local kriging variances in that section of the plume; and (iii) the average global kriging variance. To identify well redundancy, local kriging weights were accumulated into global weights and used to gauge each well's relative contribution to the interpolated plume map. By temporarily removing that subset of wells with the lowest global kriging weights and re-mapping the plume, it was possible to determine how many wells could be removed without losing critical information. Test results from the Massachusetts Military Reserve (MMR) indicated that substantial savings in sampling, analysis and operational costs could be realized by utilizing GTS. Annual budgetary savings that would accrue were estimated at between 35 per cent and 5 per cent for both LTM networks under study. JF - Environmetrics AU - Cameron, Kirk AU - Hunter, Philip A2 - Nocerino, John A2 - Singh, A. K. A2 - Spiegelman, Cliff Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 629 EP - 656 PB - Wiley, Chichester VL - 13 IS - 5-6 SN - 1180-4009, 1180-4009 KW - United States KW - networks KW - monitoring KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollutants KW - variance analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - kriging KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - observation wells KW - geostatistics KW - ground water KW - case studies KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - variograms KW - transport KW - Massachusetts KW - autocorrelation KW - volatile organic compounds KW - Massachusetts Military Reservation KW - military facilities KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51969442?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmetrics&rft.atitle=Using+spatial+models+and+kriging+techniques+to+optimize+long-term+ground-water+monitoring+networks%3B+a+case+study&rft.au=Cameron%2C+Kirk%3BHunter%2C+Philip&rft.aulast=Cameron&rft.aufirst=Kirk&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=629&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmetrics&rft.issn=11804009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fenv.582 L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/6285/hom LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international conference on Environmetrics and chemometrics N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - autocorrelation; case studies; contaminant plumes; geostatistics; ground water; kriging; Massachusetts; Massachusetts Military Reservation; military facilities; monitoring; networks; observation wells; optimization; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; statistical analysis; transport; United States; variance analysis; variograms; volatile organic compounds; volatiles DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/env.582 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rank kriging for characterization of mercury contamination at the East Fork Poplar Creek, Oak Ridge, Tennessee AN - 51969166; 2003-050417 AB - The spatial interpolation method of kriging, originally developed for estimation of ore reserves in mining and prediction in meteorology, is an important geostatistical tool for characterization of a Superfund site. Point kriging uses an estimated variogram to compute the best linear unbiased estimates (BLUE) of contaminant concentration at an unsampled location. When the contaminant concentration data is heavily skewed, the data are typically log-transformed and kriging is performed on the transformed data. The results obtained from kriging the log-transformed data are then back-transformed. This back-transformation formula involves not only the estimated log-transformed values but also their kriging standard deviations (KSD). This method of kriging, referred to in the geostatistical literature as log-normal kriging, was initially used to characterize the East Fork Poplar Creek (EFPC) Superfund site in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. The back-transformed values for the EFPC site produced estimates of mercury contamination that were orders of magnitude higher than the maximum observed mercury concentration at the site. The method of rank variogram modeling/rank kriging was developed by the authors to estimate mercury contamination at the EFPC site. We present the method of rank variogram modeling/rank kriging, illustrate it with an example, and briefly describe the kriging results obtained for the EFPC site. The log-normal probability model is routinely applied in statistical analysis of contaminant concentration data as well. The upper confidence limit (UCL) for log-normally distributed data is typically calculated by using the H-statistics based formula. The UCL of the mean at times turns out to be orders of magnitude higher than the maximum observed contaminant concentration. An example is presented to illustrate this unreasonable behavior of the H-UCL formula. JF - Environmetrics AU - Singh, Ashok K AU - Ananda, M M A A2 - Nocerino, John A2 - Singh, A. K. A2 - Spiegelman, Cliff Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 679 EP - 691 PB - Wiley, Chichester VL - 13 IS - 5-6 SN - 1180-4009, 1180-4009 KW - United States KW - rivers and streams KW - kriging KW - characterization KW - ground water KW - Roane County Tennessee KW - Tennessee KW - probability KW - Anderson County Tennessee KW - Superfund sites KW - mercury KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - hydrology KW - pollutants KW - variance analysis KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - semivariograms KW - East Fork Poplar Creek KW - metals KW - mathematical methods KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51969166?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmetrics&rft.atitle=Rank+kriging+for+characterization+of+mercury+contamination+at+the+East+Fork+Poplar+Creek%2C+Oak+Ridge%2C+Tennessee&rft.au=Singh%2C+Ashok+K%3BAnanda%2C+M+M+A&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Ashok&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=679&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmetrics&rft.issn=11804009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fenv.537 L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/6285/hom LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international conference on Environmetrics and chemometrics N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anderson County Tennessee; characterization; East Fork Poplar Creek; ground water; hydrology; kriging; mathematical methods; mathematical models; mercury; metals; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pollutants; pollution; probability; rivers and streams; Roane County Tennessee; semivariograms; soils; statistical analysis; Superfund sites; surface water; Tennessee; United States; variance analysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/env.537 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of quantitative tools for improved environmental decision-making in arid environments AN - 51969135; 2003-050411 AB - The tools available for rapid and accurate evaluations of the condition of ecosystems in arid environments have undergone major developments, much of this due to recent research in the southwestern U.S. Ecosystem health is now largely viewed as a function of the ability to retain soil and water resources; and indicators for monitoring have become increasingly quantitative and reflective of the ability to retain these resources. Quantitative data on rangeland health indicators have also been useful to identify state-transition thresholds which are essential for effective ecosystem management. In more recent studies, we have been investigating the potential for using quantitative bioindicators of plant function to predict the potential long-term effects of catastrophic stressors. The case-study here is of coastal mangroves (Avicennia marina) smeared with oil from a marine oil-spill. Early understanding of the potential long-term effects should allow more informed decision-making on how best to preserve or remediate affected systems. JF - Environmetrics AU - de Soyza, Amrita G A2 - Nocerino, John A2 - Singh, A. K. A2 - Spiegelman, Cliff Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 523 EP - 533 PB - Wiley, Chichester VL - 13 IS - 5-6 SN - 1180-4009, 1180-4009 KW - United States KW - terrestrial environment KW - degradation KW - mangrove swamps KW - erosion KW - ecosystems KW - vegetation KW - climate change KW - environmental management KW - quantitative analysis KW - oil spills KW - soil erosion KW - soils KW - shore features KW - arid environment KW - regional planning KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - indicators KW - case studies KW - mires KW - swamps KW - coastal environment KW - water resources KW - rangelands KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51969135?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmetrics&rft.atitle=Development+of+quantitative+tools+for+improved+environmental+decision-making+in+arid+environments&rft.au=de+Soyza%2C+Amrita+G&rft.aulast=de+Soyza&rft.aufirst=Amrita&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=523&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmetrics&rft.issn=11804009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fenv.528 L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/6285/hom LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international conference on Environmetrics and chemometrics N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arid environment; case studies; climate change; coastal environment; decision-making; degradation; ecosystems; environmental management; erosion; indicators; land use; mangrove swamps; mires; oil spills; pollution; quantitative analysis; rangelands; regional planning; shore features; soil erosion; soils; swamps; terrestrial environment; United States; vegetation; water resources DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/env.528 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fourth international conference on Environmetrics and chemometrics AN - 51968616; 2003-050408 JF - Environmetrics A2 - Nocerino, John A2 - Singh, A. K. A2 - Spiegelman, Cliff Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 409 EP - 732 PB - Wiley, Chichester VL - 13 IS - 5-6 SN - 1180-4009, 1180-4009 KW - environmental management KW - symposia KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - geostatistics KW - geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51968616?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Environmetrics&rft.atitle=Fourth+international+conference+on+Environmetrics+and+chemometrics&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=409&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmetrics&rft.issn=11804009&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/6285/hom LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international conference on Environmetrics and chemometrics N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental management; geochemistry; geostatistics; pollution; statistical analysis; symposia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reducing and quantifying uncertainty for pollution estimates calculated by modelling replicated benthic count data AN - 51968412; 2003-050415 AB - The main contribution in this work is an improvement of a method for quantifying the level of pollution using benthic count data. The suggested improvement utilizes the information found in replicated samples in order to obtain more precise estimates of the pollution. Simultaneously, the uncertainties of the pollution estimates are quantified. This is obtained by making pseudo samples by randomly permuting the counts of the species observed within a group of replicates. The pseudo samples are representative for the variation at the sampling site since the permutations are both species specific and restricted to replicates within the sampling site. The pollution is quantified by a modeling approach. Sediment samples are collected in an area surrounding a contamination source, e.g. an oil rig. The non-polluted samples are used to build a linear model of the natural variation in the survey area. The remaining samples are projected onto the calculated model. Then, the distance from the projection to the sample gives an estimate of the pollution in the current sample. The last part of the work is devoted to investigate the robustness of the suggested improvements to pollution quantification from benthic count data. This is done by means of perturbations, and it appears that the modifications give both reliable and robust results. JF - Environmetrics AU - Flaten, Geir Rune AU - Grung, Bjorn AU - Kvalheim, Olav M A2 - Nocerino, John A2 - Singh, A. K. A2 - Spiegelman, Cliff Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 579 EP - 593 PB - Wiley, Chichester VL - 13 IS - 5-6 SN - 1180-4009, 1180-4009 KW - benthic taxa KW - Western Europe KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - Europe KW - Norwegian Sea KW - petroleum products KW - Scandinavia KW - marine sediments KW - marine environment KW - mathematical methods KW - shelf environment KW - sediments KW - Arctic Ocean KW - continental shelf KW - Norway KW - uncertainty KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51968412?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmetrics&rft.atitle=Reducing+and+quantifying+uncertainty+for+pollution+estimates+calculated+by+modelling+replicated+benthic+count+data&rft.au=Flaten%2C+Geir+Rune%3BGrung%2C+Bjorn%3BKvalheim%2C+Olav+M&rft.aulast=Flaten&rft.aufirst=Geir&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=579&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmetrics&rft.issn=11804009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fenv.549 L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/6285/hom LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international conference on Environmetrics and chemometrics N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arctic Ocean; benthic taxa; continental shelf; Europe; marine environment; marine sediments; mathematical methods; mathematical models; Norway; Norwegian Sea; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; Scandinavia; sediments; shelf environment; uncertainty; Western Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/env.549 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Accounting for measurement error in uncertainty modeling and decision-making using indicator kriging and p-field simulation; application to a dioxin contaminated site AN - 51968376; 2003-050413 AB - In many environmental studies spatial variability is viewed as the only source of uncertainty while measurement errors tend to be ignored. This article presents an indicator kriging-based approach to account for measurement errors in the modeling of uncertainty prevailing at unsampled locations. Probability field simulation is then used to assess the probability that the average pollutant concentration within remediation units exceeds a regulatory threshold, and probability maps are used to identify hazardous units that need to be remediated. This approach is applied to two types of dioxin data (composite and single spoon samples) with different measurement errors which were collected at the Piazza Road dioxin site, an EPA Superfund site located in Missouri. A validation study shows that the proportion of contaminated soil cores provides a reasonable probability threshold to identify hazardous remediation units. When a lower probability threshold is chosen, the total remediation costs are unreasonably high while false negatives are unacceptably frequent for a higher probability threshold. The choice of this threshold becomes critical as the sampling density decreases. JF - Environmetrics AU - Saito, Hirotaka AU - Goovaerts, Pierre A2 - Nocerino, John A2 - Singh, A. K. A2 - Spiegelman, Cliff Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 555 EP - 567 PB - Wiley, Chichester VL - 13 IS - 5-6 SN - 1180-4009, 1180-4009 KW - United States KW - soils KW - pollutants KW - Missouri KW - statistical analysis KW - kriging KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - decision-making KW - dioxins KW - indicators KW - simulation KW - Piazza Road Superfund Site KW - remediation KW - measurement KW - case studies KW - organic compounds KW - errors KW - hydrocarbons KW - probability KW - uncertainty KW - Superfund sites KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51968376?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmetrics&rft.atitle=Accounting+for+measurement+error+in+uncertainty+modeling+and+decision-making+using+indicator+kriging+and+p-field+simulation%3B+application+to+a+dioxin+contaminated+site&rft.au=Saito%2C+Hirotaka%3BGoovaerts%2C+Pierre&rft.aulast=Saito&rft.aufirst=Hirotaka&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=555&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmetrics&rft.issn=11804009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fenv.545 L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/6285/hom LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international conference on Environmetrics and chemometrics N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - case studies; decision-making; dioxins; errors; hydrocarbons; indicators; kriging; mathematical models; measurement; Missouri; organic compounds; Piazza Road Superfund Site; pollutants; pollution; probability; remediation; simulation; soils; statistical analysis; Superfund sites; uncertainty; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/env.545 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Computing the Bayesian highest posterior density credible sets for the lognormal mean AN - 51968340; 2003-050410 AB - Contaminant concentration data collected at Superfund sites are typically positively skewed, and the log-normal distribution is commonly used to model such data distribution. U.S. EPA guidance documents recommend the use of H-statistics to compute the upper confidence limit (UCL) of the mean of a log-normal distribution. Recent work reported in the statistical literature has shown that the UCL calculated from the H-statistics can yield extremely high false positives. In the present article we compute the Bayesian highest posterior density (HPD) credible set of the log-normal mean. Simulated results using techniques of computational geometry are presented. Several experimental results on environmental data sets reveal that the UCL obtained by using the proposed Bayesian approach is more reasonable than those obtained by using other techniques. JF - Environmetrics AU - Dalpatadu, Rohan AU - Gewali, L AU - Singh, A K A2 - Nocerino, John A2 - Singh, A. K. A2 - Spiegelman, Cliff Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 465 EP - 472 PB - Wiley, Chichester VL - 13 IS - 5-6 SN - 1180-4009, 1180-4009 KW - United States KW - Rhode Island KW - Bayesian analysis KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - Naval Construction Battalion Center KW - ground water KW - geometry KW - case studies KW - transport KW - metals KW - mathematical methods KW - military facilities KW - Superfund sites KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51968340?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmetrics&rft.atitle=Computing+the+Bayesian+highest+posterior+density+credible+sets+for+the+lognormal+mean&rft.au=Dalpatadu%2C+Rohan%3BGewali%2C+L%3BSingh%2C+A+K&rft.aulast=Dalpatadu&rft.aufirst=Rohan&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=465&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmetrics&rft.issn=11804009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fenv.547 L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/6285/hom LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international conference on Environmetrics and chemometrics N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bayesian analysis; case studies; geometry; ground water; mathematical methods; mathematical models; metals; military facilities; Naval Construction Battalion Center; pollutants; pollution; Rhode Island; statistical analysis; Superfund sites; transport; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/env.547 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Defining surfaces for skewed, highly variable data AN - 51966295; 2003-050409 AB - Skewness of environmental data is often caused by more than simply a handful of outliers in an otherwise normal distribution. Statistical procedures for such datasets must be sufficiently robust to deal with distributions that are strongly non-normal, containing both a large proportion of outliers and a skewed main body of data. In the field of water quality, skewness is commonly associated with large variation over short distances. Spatial analysis of such data generally requires either considerable effort at modeling or the use of robust procedures not strongly affected by skewness and local variability. Using a skewed dataset of 675 nitrate measurements in ground water, commonly used methods for defining a surface (least-squares regression and kriging) are compared to a more robust method (loess). Three choices are critical in defining a surface: (i) is the surface to be a central mean or median surface? (ii) is either a well-fitting transformation or a robust and scale-independent measure of center used? (iii) does local spatial autocorrelation assist in or detract from addressing objectives? JF - Environmetrics AU - Helsel, Dennis R AU - Ryker, Sarah J A2 - Nocerino, John A2 - Singh, A. K. A2 - Spiegelman, Cliff Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 445 EP - 452 PB - Wiley, Chichester VL - 13 IS - 5-6 SN - 1180-4009, 1180-4009 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - spatial data KW - kriging KW - Grant County Washington KW - Franklin County Washington KW - variations KW - ground water KW - autocorrelation KW - sediments KW - applications KW - nitrate ion KW - Washington KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - Adams County Washington KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - measurement KW - least-squares analysis KW - case studies KW - mathematical methods KW - loess KW - skewness KW - regression analysis KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51966295?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmetrics&rft.atitle=Defining+surfaces+for+skewed%2C+highly+variable+data&rft.au=Helsel%2C+Dennis+R%3BRyker%2C+Sarah+J&rft.aulast=Helsel&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=445&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmetrics&rft.issn=11804009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fenv.531 L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/6285/hom LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international conference on Environmetrics and chemometrics N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adams County Washington; applications; autocorrelation; case studies; clastic sediments; Franklin County Washington; Grant County Washington; ground water; kriging; least-squares analysis; loess; mathematical methods; measurement; nitrate ion; pollutants; pollution; regression analysis; sediments; skewness; spatial data; statistical analysis; United States; variations; Washington; water quality DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/env.531 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Remedial costs for MTBE in soil and groundwater AN - 51870763; 2004-024776 JF - AEHS Contaminated Soil Sediment & Water AU - Wilson, Barbara H AU - Wilson, John T Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 47 EP - 51 PB - Association for Environmental Health and Sciences (AEHS), Amherst, MA VL - 2002, July/August SN - 1533-4155, 1533-4155 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - technology KW - South Carolina KW - combustion KW - drinking water KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - ethers KW - methyl tert-butyl ether KW - decontamination KW - water treatment KW - depositional environment KW - soils KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - water supply KW - toxic materials KW - pollutants KW - gasoline KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - petroleum products KW - cost KW - BTEX KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - hydrocarbons KW - economics KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51870763?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AEHS+Contaminated+Soil+Sediment+%26+Water&rft.atitle=Remedial+costs+for+MTBE+in+soil+and+groundwater&rft.au=Wilson%2C+Barbara+H%3BWilson%2C+John+T&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=2002%2C+July%2FAugust&rft.issue=&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AEHS+Contaminated+Soil+Sediment+%26+Water&rft.issn=15334155&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.aehsmag.com/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - MA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05923 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; BTEX; combustion; cost; decontamination; depositional environment; drinking water; economics; ethers; gasoline; ground water; hazardous waste; hydrocarbons; leaking underground storage tanks; methyl tert-butyl ether; New York; optimization; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soil treatment; soils; South Carolina; technology; toxic materials; United States; water supply; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and verification of a screening model for surface spreading of petroleum AN - 51175876; 2002-064860 AB - Overflows and leakage from aboveground storage tanks and pipelines carrying crude oil and petroleum products occur frequently. The spilled hydrocarbons pose environmental threats by contaminating the surrounding soil and the underlying ground water. Predicting the fate and transport of these chemicals is required for environmental risk assessment and for remedial measure design. The present paper discusses the formulation and application of the Oil Surface Flow Screening Model (OILSFSM) for predicting the surface flow of oil by taking into account infiltration and evaporation. Surface flow is simulated using a semi-analytical model based on the lubrication theory approximation of viscous flow. Infiltration is simulated using a version of the Green and Ampt infiltration model, which is modified to account for oil properties. Evaporation of volatile compounds is simulated using a compositional model that accounts for the changes in the fraction of each compound in the spilled oil. The coupling between surface flow, infiltration and evaporation is achieved by incorporating the infiltration and evaporation fluxes into the global continuity equation of the spilled oil. The model was verified against numerical models for infiltration and analytical models for surface flow. The verification study demonstrates the applicability of the model. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Hussein, Maged AU - Jin, Minghui AU - Weaver, James W Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 281 EP - 302 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 57 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - contaminant plumes KW - unsaturated zone KW - aboveground storage tanks KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - seepage KW - pipelines KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - volatilization KW - transport KW - oil spills KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - concentration KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - petroleum products KW - aquifers KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - infiltration KW - hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51175876?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Development+and+verification+of+a+screening+model+for+surface+spreading+of+petroleum&rft.au=Hussein%2C+Maged%3BJin%2C+Minghui%3BWeaver%2C+James+W&rft.aulast=Hussein&rft.aufirst=Maged&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=281&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aboveground storage tanks; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; concentration; contaminant plumes; ground water; hydrocarbons; infiltration; leaking underground storage tanks; mathematical models; oil spills; organic compounds; petroleum products; pipelines; pollution; porous materials; preferential flow; remediation; risk assessment; seepage; simulation; transport; unsaturated zone; volatiles; volatilization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of agricultural activities and best management practices on water quality of seasonal prairie pothole wetlands AN - 19938817; 5494004 AB - Long-term effects of within-basin tillage can constrain condition and function of prairie wetlands even after uplands are restored. Runoff was significantly greater to replicate wetlands within tilled basins with or without vegetated buffer strips as compared to Conservation Reserve Program restoration controls with revegetated uplands (REST). However, mean water levels for native prairie reference sites were higher than for REST controls, because infiltration rates were lower for native prairie basins, which had no prior history of tillage. Nutrient dynamics changed more in response to changes in water level and vegetation structure than to increased nutrient inputs in watershed runoff. Dissolved oxygen increased between dry and wet years except in basins or zones with dense vegetation. As sediment redox dropped, water-column phosphate declined as phosphate likely co-precipitated with iron on the sediment surface within open-water or sparsely vegetated zones. In response, N:P ratios shifted from a region indicating N limitation to P limitation. REST sites, with dense vegetation and low DO, also maintained high DOC, which maintains phosphate in solution through chelation of iron and catalysis of photoreduction. Reference sites in native prairie and restored uplands diverged over the course of the wet-dry cycle, emphasizing the importance of considering climatic variation in planning restoration efforts. JF - Wetlands Ecology and Management AU - Detenbeck, N E AU - Elonen, C M AU - Taylor, D L AU - Cotter, A M AU - Puglisi, F A AU - Sanville, W D AD - Mid-Continent Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA, detenbeck.naomi@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - Aug 2002 SP - 335 EP - 354 VL - 10 IS - 4 SN - 0923-4861, 0923-4861 KW - biogeochemical cycle KW - prairie pothole wetlands KW - tillage effects KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Agriculture KW - Agricultural Runoff KW - Water Pollution Sources KW - Man-induced effects KW - Nutrients KW - Water quality KW - Dissolved oxygen KW - Restoration KW - Water levels KW - Prairies KW - Vegetation cover KW - Agricultural practices KW - Ecosystem management KW - Hydrology KW - Wetlands KW - Plant populations KW - Agricultural runoff KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Physicochemical properties KW - Climate KW - Water Quality KW - Nonpoint Pollution Sources KW - Vegetation KW - USA KW - Agricultural Practices KW - Conservation KW - Environmental restoration KW - Nutrients (mineral) KW - Environment management KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - Q1 08482:Ecosystems and energetics KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - D 04712:Environmental degradation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19938817?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wetlands+Ecology+and+Management&rft.atitle=Effects+of+agricultural+activities+and+best+management+practices+on+water+quality+of+seasonal+prairie+pothole+wetlands&rft.au=Detenbeck%2C+N+E%3BElonen%2C+C+M%3BTaylor%2C+D+L%3BCotter%2C+A+M%3BPuglisi%2C+F+A%3BSanville%2C+W+D&rft.aulast=Detenbeck&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=335&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wetlands+Ecology+and+Management&rft.issn=09234861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Climate; Physicochemical properties; Man-induced effects; Water quality; Dissolved oxygen; Restoration; Water levels; Vegetation cover; Ecosystem management; Hydrology; Wetlands; Nutrients (mineral); Plant populations; Environment management; Prairies; Agricultural practices; Vegetation; Environmental restoration; Conservation; Nutrients; Agricultural runoff; Agricultural Runoff; Water Pollution Sources; Biogeochemistry; Agricultural Practices; Nonpoint Pollution Sources; Water Quality; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Testing Antimicrobial Efficacy on Porous Materials AN - 19518948; 5585192 AB - The efficacy of antimicrobial treatments to eliminate or control biological growth in the indoor environment can easily be tested on non-porous surfaces. However, the testing of antimicrobial efficacy on porous surfaces, such as those found in the indoor environment (i.e., gypsum board, heating, ventilating and air-conditioning duct-liner insulation, and wood products) can be more complicated and prone to incorrect conclusions regarding residual organisms and non-viable allergens. Research to control biological growth using three separate antimicrobial encapsulants on contaminated duct-liner insulation has been performed in both field and laboratory testing. The results indicate differences in antimicrobial efficacy for the period of testing. JF - Indoor and Built Environment AU - Menetrez, MY AU - Foarde, K K AU - De Jesus, VR AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, menetrez.marc@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - Aug 2002 SP - 202 EP - 207 VL - 11 IS - 4 SN - 1420-326X, 1420-326X KW - antimicrobial agents KW - porosity KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Materials testing KW - Allergens KW - gypsum KW - Air quality control KW - Microbial contamination KW - Indoor environments KW - H 3000:Environment and Ecology KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - A 01390:Forestry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19518948?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+and+Built+Environment&rft.atitle=Testing+Antimicrobial+Efficacy+on+Porous+Materials&rft.au=Menetrez%2C+MY%3BFoarde%2C+K+K%3BDe+Jesus%2C+VR&rft.aulast=Menetrez&rft.aufirst=MY&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=202&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+and+Built+Environment&rft.issn=1420326X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1159%2F000066014 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - gypsum; Allergens; Materials testing; Air quality control; Microbial contamination; Indoor environments DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000066014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Benzo[a]pyrene and Benz[c]phenanthrene: The Effect of Structure on the Binding of Water Molecules to the Diol Epoxides AN - 18706123; 5594888 AB - The interactions with water of the diol epoxides (DEs) of both a planar and a nonplanar PAH have been examined using molecular dynamics. To determine probable water locations around the DE for later use in the study of DE protonation, molecular dynamics simulations using the OPLS force field were carried out on diol epoxides surrounded by a 22 AA box of explicit water molecules. Results for 30 ps simulations indicate that 10-60% of the time, depending strongly on the conformation and type of the DE, there is a water molecule forming a hydrogen bond with the epoxide oxygen. The patterns seen in the frequency at which a DE binds a water molecule reflect patterns seen in the relationship between the type of PAH DE and amount of DNA adduct formation. Examination of the orientations and arrangements of the water and DEs during the simulations showed that the bound waters existed in several preferred configurations which are also dependent upon the PAH DE geometry. JF - Chemical Research in Toxicology AU - Brown, K W AU - Little, S B AU - Rabinowitz, J R AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, NHEERL/ECD, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 1069 EP - 1079 PB - American Chemical Society, P.O. Box 182426 Columbus OH 43218-2426 USA, [mailto:service@acs.org] VL - 15 IS - 8 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - benz(c)phenanthrene KW - binding KW - diol epoxides KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - Water KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18706123?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Research+in+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Benzo%5Ba%5Dpyrene+and+Benz%5Bc%5Dphenanthrene%3A+The+Effect+of+Structure+on+the+Binding+of+Water+Molecules+to+the+Diol+Epoxides&rft.au=Brown%2C+K+W%3BLittle%2C+S+B%3BRabinowitz%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1069&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Research+in+Toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Ftx020009%2B LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Benzo(a)pyrene; Water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/tx020009+ ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential Effects of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers and Polychlorinated Biphenyls on [ super(3)H]Arachidonic Acid Release in Rat Cerebellar Granule Neurons AN - 18684523; 5576198 AB - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), which are widely used as flame- retardants, have been increasing in environmental and human tissue samples during the past 20-30 years, while other structurally related, persistent organic pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (on a TEQ basis), have decreased. PBDEs have been detected in human blood, adipose tissue, and breast milk, and developmental and long-term exposure to these contaminants may pose a human health risk, especially to children. Previously, we demonstrated that PCBs, which cause neurotoxic effects, including changes in learning and memory, stimulated the release of [ super(3)H]arachidonic acid ([ super(3)H]AA) by a cPLA sub(2)/iPLA sub(2)-dependent mechanism. PLA sub(2)(phospholipase A sub(2)) activity has been associated with learning and memory, and AA has been identified as a second messenger involved in synaptic plasticity. The objective of the present study was to test whether PBDE mixtures (DE-71 and DE-79), like other organohalogen mixtures, have a similar action on [ super(3)H]AA release in an in vitro neuronal culture model. Cerebellar granule cells at 7 days in culture were labeled with [ super(3)H]AA for 16-20 h and then exposed in vitro to PBDEs. DE-71, a mostly pentabromodiphenyl ether mixture, significantly stimulated [ super(3)H]AA release at concentrations as low as 10 mu g/ml, while DE-79, a mostly octabromodiphenyl ether mixture, did not stimulate [ super(3)H]AA release, even at 50 mu g/ml. The release of [ super(3)H]AA by DE-71 is time-dependent, and a significant increase was seen after only 5-10 min of exposure. The removal and chelation of calcium from the exposure buffer, using 0.3 mM EGTA, significantly attenuated the DE-71- stimulated [ super(3)H]AA release; however, only an 18% inhibition of the release was demonstrated for the calcium replete conditions at 30 mu g/ml DE-71. Methyl arachidonylfluorophosphonate (5 mu M), an inhibitor of cPLA sub(2)/iPLA sub(2), completely attenuated the DE-71-stimulated [ super(3)H]AA release. Further studies focused on comparing the effects of DE-71 with PCB mixtures such as Aroclors 1016 and 1254. Both PCB mixtures stimulated [ super(3)H]AA release in a concentration-dependent manner; however, the effect for PCBs was about two times greater than that of the PBDEs on a weight basis, but was comparable on a molar basis. These results indicate that PBDEs stimulated the release of [ super(3)H]AA by activating PLA sub(2), which is similar to the effect of other organohalogen mixtures. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Kodavanti, PRS AU - Derr-Yellin, E C AD - Cellular and Molecular Toxicology Branch, Neurotoxicology Division, MD 74B, NHEERL, ORD, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711 Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - Aug 2002 SP - 451 EP - 457 VL - 68 IS - 2 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - polybrominated diphenyl ethers KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24155:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18684523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Differential+Effects+of+Polybrominated+Diphenyl+Ethers+and+Polychlorinated+Biphenyls+on+%5B+super%283%29H%5DArachidonic+Acid+Release+in+Rat+Cerebellar+Granule+Neurons&rft.au=Kodavanti%2C+PRS%3BDerr-Yellin%2C+E+C&rft.aulast=Kodavanti&rft.aufirst=PRS&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=451&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Some life history responses of the cladoceran Ceriodaphnia cf. dubia to variations in population density at two different food concentrations AN - 18630093; 5540587 AB - The combined effects of food concentration and population density on some life history characteristics of the small-bodied cladoceran Ceriodaphnia cf. dubia were studied by examining animals maintained at densities of 100-3000 individuals l super(-1) for 8 days that had been fed either abundant (30 x 10 super(4) algal cells ml super(-1) ind super(-1)) or limited (5 x 10 super(4) algal cells ml super(-1) ind super(-1)) food. The amount of food provided significantly (p<0.05) affected the density at which the cladocerans produced fewer neonates. Cladocerans maintained at 1000 ind l super(-1) produced significantly (p<0.05) fewer neonates than those at 100 or 200 ind l super(-1) when fed abundant food, while cladocerans fed limited food showed a statistically significant (p<0.05) reduction in fecundity at 500 ind l super(-1) compared to those at 100 or 200 ind l super(-1). There was a general trend towards decreased age at sexual maturity with increased cladoceran density, and a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the age at sexual maturity for cladocerans maintained at 3000 ind l super(-1) was observed in some experiments. Sexual reproduction, as indicated by the presence of resting eggs, was observed in animals maintained at 2000 and 3000 ind l super(-1) and fed limited food. This indicated that, for the range of densities and food concentrations tested, a combination of crowding and limited food was required to induce sexual reproduction. Increasing the food concentration while maintaining a constant cladoceran density lead to significantly (p<0.05) increased reproduction, and no significant (p<0.05) effect on the age at sexual maturity. This indicated that the effects observed in crowded animals were not the result of negative effects due to the increased food concentrations, but were an adaptive response to crowding. JF - Hydrobiologia AU - Rose, R AU - Warne, M AU - Lim, R AD - Ecotoxicology Section, NSW Environment Protection Authority, Sydney, Australia EPA/UTS Centre for Ecotoxicology located at University of Technology, Sydney, Westbourne St, Gore Hill, NSW 2065, Australia, warnem@epa.nsw.gov.au Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - Aug 2002 SP - 157 EP - 164 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 481 IS - 1-3 SN - 0018-8158, 0018-8158 KW - Water fleas KW - freshwater crustaceans KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Population density KW - Sexual reproduction KW - Food availability KW - Biological age KW - Freshwater KW - Cladocera KW - Ceriodaphnia dubia KW - Life history KW - Sexual maturity KW - Ceriodaphnia KW - Q1 08442:Population dynamics KW - D 04665:Crustaceans KW - Q1 08284:Reproduction and development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18630093?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrobiologia&rft.atitle=Some+life+history+responses+of+the+cladoceran+Ceriodaphnia+cf.+dubia+to+variations+in+population+density+at+two+different+food+concentrations&rft.au=Rose%2C+R%3BWarne%2C+M%3BLim%2C+R&rft.aulast=Rose&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=481&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrobiologia&rft.issn=00188158&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Life history; Sexual maturity; Population density; Sexual reproduction; Food availability; Biological age; Ceriodaphnia dubia; Cladocera; Ceriodaphnia; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Small mammals: consequences of stochastic data variation for modeling indicators of habitat suitability for a well-studied resource AN - 18624823; 5533554 AB - Increasingly, models of physical habitat variables (i.e. vegetation, soil) are utilized as indicators of small mammal habitat suitability or quality. Presumably, use of physical habitat models indicating habitat suitability or quality would be improved and enhanced by the extensive amount of research that has been conducted for these species. However, current knowledge of small mammal habitat associations is based mostly upon site specific empirical observation, not the quantitative data that are the foundation of habitat modeling. Small mammal data are affected by technique-related capture variability. Existing data do not demonstrate that fine spatial and temporal variability associated with technique substantially affects habitat models. Small mammal abundance also exhibits ecologically important high spatial and temporal variability. Microhabitat spatial variability is a poor predictor of trap use compared to larger spatial scale phenomena in mesic and xeric biomes. Habitat suitability has been modeled with accuracy ranging between 80 and 93% for 14 species. This accuracy is achieved by filtering out stochastic temporal variability that was not related to physical habitat indicators. Inclusion of stochastic temporal variability degrades model performance, especially in ecosystems where predictive vegetation and substrate variables are essentially constant. Development of indicator mathematical models can be facilitated when a species' ecology is carefully considered and where mathematics and biology are equally incorporated when conceiving and developing indicators. JF - Ecological Indicators AU - Jorgensen, EE AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, P.O. Box 1198, Ada, OK 74820, USA, jorgensen.eric@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - Aug 2002 SP - 313 EP - 321 VL - 1 IS - 4 SN - 1470-160X, 1470-160X KW - Mammals KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04672:Mammals KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18624823?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Indicators&rft.atitle=Small+mammals%3A+consequences+of+stochastic+data+variation+for+modeling+indicators+of+habitat+suitability+for+a+well-studied+resource&rft.au=Jorgensen%2C+EE&rft.aulast=Jorgensen&rft.aufirst=EE&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=313&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Indicators&rft.issn=1470160X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1470-160X%2802%2900027-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1470-160X(02)00027-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon Budget for a Subtropical Seagrass Dominated Coastal Lagoon: How Important are Seagrasses to Total Ecosystem Net Primary Production [TENPP] AN - 18621116; 5523127 AB - It has been assumed that because seagrasses dominate macrophyte biomass in many estuaries they also dominate primary production. We tested this assumption by developing three carbon budgets to examine the contribution of autotrophic components to the total ecosystem net primary production (TENPP) of Lower Laguna Madre, Texas. The first budget coupled average photosynthetic parameters with average daily irradiance to calculate daily production. The second budget used average photosynthetic parameters and hourly in situ irradiance to estimate productivity. The third budget integrated temperature-adjusted photosynthetic parameters (using Q sub(10) = 2) and hourly in situ irradiance to estimate productivity. For each budget TENPP was calculated by integrating production from each autotroph based on the producers' areal distribution within the entire Lower Laguna Madre. All budgets indicated that macroalgae account for 33-42% of TENPP and seagrasses consistently accounted for about 33-38%. The contribution by phytoplankton was consistently about 15-20%, and the contribution from the benthic microalgae varied between 8% and 36% of TENPP, although this may have been underestimated due to our exclusion of the within bed microphytobenthos component. The water column over the seagrass beds was net heterotrophic and consequently was a carbon sink consuming between 5% and 22% of TENPP. TENPP ranged between 5.41 x 10 super(10) and 2.53 x 10 super(11) g C yr super(-1), depending on which budget was used. The simplest, most idealized budget predicted the highest TENPP, while the more realistic budgets predicted lower values. Annual production rates estimated using the third budget for Halodule wrightii and Thalassia testudinum compare well with field data. Macroalgae and microalgae contribute 50-60% of TENPP, and seagrass may be more important as three-dimensional habitat (i.e., structure) than as a source of organic carbon to the water column in Lower Laguna Madre. JF - Estuaries AU - Kaldy, JE AU - Onuf, C P AU - Eldridge, P M AU - Cifuentes, LA AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Pacific Coastal Ecology Branch, Western Ecology Division, 2111 Southeast Marine Science Center Drive, Newport, OR 97365, USA, kaldy.jim@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 528 EP - 539 VL - 25 IS - 4A SN - 0160-8347, 0160-8347 KW - Carbon budget KW - TENPP KW - USA, Texas, Laguna Madre KW - Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Estuarine Environment KW - Ecosystems KW - Sea Grasses KW - Photosynthesis KW - Organic carbon KW - Phytoplankton KW - Lagoons KW - Primary production KW - ASW, USA, Texas, Laguna Madre KW - Ecology KW - Algae (see also Individual groups) KW - Sea-grass KW - Aquatic communities KW - Autotrophy KW - Carbon Cycle KW - Algae KW - Photosynthetic activity KW - Seagrasses KW - Halodule wrightii KW - Primary Productivity KW - Estuaries KW - Carbon cycle KW - Thalassia testudinum KW - Lagoons (Natural) KW - Sea grass KW - USA, Texas KW - Coastal lagoons KW - Productivity KW - Plankton KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - O 1080:Multi-disciplinary Studies KW - Q1 08481:Productivity KW - SW 0890:Estuaries KW - D 04210:Coastal ecosystems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18621116?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries&rft.atitle=Carbon+Budget+for+a+Subtropical+Seagrass+Dominated+Coastal+Lagoon%3A+How+Important+are+Seagrasses+to+Total+Ecosystem+Net+Primary+Production+%5BTENPP%5D&rft.au=Kaldy%2C+JE%3BOnuf%2C+C+P%3BEldridge%2C+P+M%3BCifuentes%2C+LA&rft.aulast=Kaldy&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=4A&rft.spage=528&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries&rft.issn=01608347&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Organic carbon; Autotrophy; Sea grass; Coastal lagoons; Primary production; Seagrasses; Aquatic communities; Carbon cycle; Lagoons; Photosynthetic activity; Ecology; Algae (see also Individual groups); Sea-grass; Estuaries; Lagoons (Natural); Productivity; Plankton; Estuarine Environment; Photosynthesis; Sea Grasses; Ecosystems; Primary Productivity; Phytoplankton; Carbon Cycle; Algae; Halodule wrightii; Thalassia testudinum; ASW, USA, Texas, Laguna Madre; USA, Texas ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Costs for Water Supply Distribution System Rehabilitation AN - 16149294; 5409107 AB - There is growing concern over the need to rehabilitate, replace, and repair drinking water distribution systems and wastewater collection systems in the United States. A recent survey conducted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency found that $138 billion will be needed to maintain and replace existing drinking water systems over the next 20 years. It is estimated that $77 billion of this expenditure will be dedicated to repairing and rehabilitating pipelines. Given the cost and disruption caused by replacing distribution system pipe using conventional open trench technology, utilities are beginning to increase the application of rehabilitation or trenchless replacement technologies to extend the life of existing pipes. This paper discusses the various types of technologies that can be used for rehabilitation and repair of drinking water distribution components. It also presents representative costs that can be used by utility managers to estimate order-of-magnitude budgetary costs for rehabilitation and replacement of distribution system components. JF - Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management AU - Selvakumar, A AU - Clark, R M AU - Sivaganesan, M AD - Urban Watershed Management Branch, Water Supply and Water Resources Division, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (MS-104), Edison, NJ 08837, USA, selvakumar.ariamalar@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - Aug 2002 SP - 303 EP - 306 VL - 128 IS - 4 SN - 0733-9496, 0733-9496 KW - USA KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Water supplies (Potable) KW - Low cost) KW - Pipelines (see also Distribution systems, Sewerage) KW - Rehabilitation KW - Costs (see also Economics KW - Distribution systems KW - Costs KW - Construction Methods KW - Renovation KW - Building and construction (see also Structures) KW - Drinking Water KW - Water Distribution Systems KW - Pipelines KW - Trenches KW - Technology KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16149294?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.atitle=Costs+for+Water+Supply+Distribution+System+Rehabilitation&rft.au=Selvakumar%2C+A%3BClark%2C+R+M%3BSivaganesan%2C+M&rft.aulast=Selvakumar&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.issn=07339496&rft_id=info:doi/10.1061%2F%28ASCE%290733-9496%282002%29128%3A4%28303%29 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water supplies (Potable); Low cost); Building and construction (see also Structures); Renovation; Pipelines (see also Distribution systems, Sewerage); Costs (see also Economics; Trenches; Distribution systems; Costs; Construction Methods; Drinking Water; Rehabilitation; Water Distribution Systems; Pipelines; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2002)128:4(303) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogen Abstraction and Decomposition of Bromopicrin and Other Trihalogenated Disinfection Byproducts by GC/MS AN - 16144773; 5524476 AB - Tribromonitromethane (bromopicrin), dibromochloronitromethane, bromodichloronitromethane, and trichloronitromethane (chloropicrin) have been identified as drinking water disinfection byproducts (DBPs). They are thermally unstable and decompose under commonly used injection port temperatures (200-250 degree C) during gas chromatography (GC) or GC/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis. The major decomposition products are haloforms (such as bromoform), which result from the abstraction of a hydrogen atom from the solvent by thermally generated trihalomethyl radicals. A number of other products formed by radical reactions with the solvent and other radicals were also detected. The trihalonitromethanes also decompose in the hot GC/MS transfer line, and the mass spectra obtained are mixed spectra of the undecomposed parent compound and decomposition products. This can complicate the identification of these compounds by GC/MS. Trihalomethyl compounds that do not have a nitro group, such as tribromoacetonitrile, carbon tetrabromide, methyl tribromoacetate, and tribromoacetaldehyde, do not decompose or only slightly decompose in the GC injection port and GC/MS transfer line. The brominated trihalomethyl compounds studied also showed H/Br exchange by some of their fragment ions. This H/Br exchange also makes the identification of these compounds in drinking water more difficult. The extent of H/Br exchange was found to depend on the mass spectrometer ion source temperature, and it is proposed that the internal surface of the ion source is involved in this process. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Chen, PH AU - Richardson, S D AU - Krasner, S W AU - Majetich, G AU - Glish, G L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA, richardson.susan@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/08/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Aug 01 SP - 3362 EP - 3371 VL - 36 IS - 15 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Mass Spectrometry KW - Disinfection KW - Byproducts KW - Gas Chromatography KW - Halomethanes KW - Water treatment KW - Gas chromatography KW - Trihalomethanes KW - Water Treatment KW - Spectrometry (Mass) KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16144773?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Hydrogen+Abstraction+and+Decomposition+of+Bromopicrin+and+Other+Trihalogenated+Disinfection+Byproducts+by+GC%2FMS&rft.au=Chen%2C+PH%3BRichardson%2C+S+D%3BKrasner%2C+S+W%3BMajetich%2C+G%3BGlish%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=PH&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=3362&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes0205582 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Disinfection; Water treatment; Gas chromatography; Byproducts; Spectrometry (Mass); Halomethanes; Mass Spectrometry; Trihalomethanes; Water Treatment; Gas Chromatography DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es0205582 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Vulnerability of public water systems to sea level rise AN - 39630150; 3690855 AU - Furlow, J AU - Scheraga, J D AU - Freed, R AU - Rock, K Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39630150?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Vulnerability+of+public+water+systems+to+sea+level+rise&rft.au=Furlow%2C+J%3BScheraga%2C+J+D%3BFreed%2C+R%3BRock%2C+K&rft.aulast=Furlow&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Water Resources Association, 4 West Federal Street, P.O. Box 1626, Middleburg, VA, USA; phone: 540-687-8390; fax: 540-687-8395; email: info@awra.org; URL: www.awra.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Lessons learned by the interagency DNAPL consortium at cape canaveral AN - 39608820; 3690459 AU - Holdsworth, T AU - Quinn, J AU - Chamberlain, S Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39608820?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Lessons+learned+by+the+interagency+DNAPL+consortium+at+cape+canaveral&rft.au=Holdsworth%2C+T%3BQuinn%2C+J%3BChamberlain%2C+S&rft.aulast=Holdsworth&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Ave., Columbus, OH 43201, USA; email: chlorcon@battelle.org; URL: www.battelle.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Solidification/stabilization: A low-cost treatment for wood-preserving sites AN - 39608190; 3690349 AU - Bates, E R Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39608190?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Solidification%2Fstabilization%3A+A+low-cost+treatment+for+wood-preserving+sites&rft.au=Bates%2C+E+R&rft.aulast=Bates&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Ave., Columbus, OH 43201, USA; email: chlorcon@battelle.org; URL: www.battelle.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - MTBE bioremediation with bionets containing isolite, PM1, SRO or air AN - 39570962; 3690507 AU - Davis-Hoover, W J AU - Goetz, J AU - Kemper, M AU - Roulier, M AU - Fleischman, J AU - Hunt, S AU - Hristova, K AU - Scow, K AU - Knutson, K AU - Mahaffee, W Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39570962?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=MTBE+bioremediation+with+bionets+containing+isolite%2C+PM1%2C+SRO+or+air&rft.au=Davis-Hoover%2C+W+J%3BGoetz%2C+J%3BKemper%2C+M%3BRoulier%2C+M%3BFleischman%2C+J%3BHunt%2C+S%3BHristova%2C+K%3BScow%2C+K%3BKnutson%2C+K%3BMahaffee%2C+W&rft.aulast=Davis-Hoover&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Ave., Columbus, OH 43201, USA; email: chlorcon@battelle.org; URL: www.battelle.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Regulatory perspective: In situ chemical oxidation pilot test in fractured granite AN - 39570945; 3690489 AU - Brandon, B AU - Chaffin, D AU - Whittemore, P M Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39570945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Regulatory+perspective%3A+In+situ+chemical+oxidation+pilot+test+in+fractured+granite&rft.au=Brandon%2C+B%3BChaffin%2C+D%3BWhittemore%2C+P+M&rft.aulast=Brandon&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Ave., Columbus, OH 43201, USA; email: chlorcon@battelle.org; URL: www.battelle.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Raymark industries: A superfund indoor air case study AN - 39569859; 3690415 AU - Jennings, R AU - Mickunas, D AU - Zownir, A AU - Curran, R AU - Mosley, R AU - Cody, R Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39569859?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Raymark+industries%3A+A+superfund+indoor+air+case+study&rft.au=Jennings%2C+R%3BMickunas%2C+D%3BZownir%2C+A%3BCurran%2C+R%3BMosley%2C+R%3BCody%2C+R&rft.aulast=Jennings&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Ave., Columbus, OH 43201, USA; email: chlorcon@battelle.org; URL: www.battelle.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - In situ chemical oxidation and reduction: A federal facilities regulatory perspective AN - 39567654; 3689937 AU - Brandon, W AU - Barry, M AU - Daly, M AU - Keating, C AU - Sanderson, M AU - Whittemore, P M Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39567654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=In+situ+chemical+oxidation+and+reduction%3A+A+federal+facilities+regulatory+perspective&rft.au=Brandon%2C+W%3BBarry%2C+M%3BDaly%2C+M%3BKeating%2C+C%3BSanderson%2C+M%3BWhittemore%2C+P+M&rft.aulast=Brandon&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Ave., Columbus, OH 43201, USA; email: chlorcon@battelle.org; URL: www.battelle.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Statistical sampling approach for closing a soil venting project AN - 39564267; 3690030 AU - Simon, MA Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39564267?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Statistical+sampling+approach+for+closing+a+soil+venting+project&rft.au=Simon%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Simon&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Ave., Columbus, OH 43201, USA; email: chlorcon@battelle.org; URL: www.battelle.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Concurrent injection of cosolvent and air for enhanced PCE removal AN - 39552633; 3689981 AU - Jeong, S W AU - Wood, AL AU - Lee, T R Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39552633?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Concurrent+injection+of+cosolvent+and+air+for+enhanced+PCE+removal&rft.au=Jeong%2C+S+W%3BWood%2C+AL%3BLee%2C+T+R&rft.aulast=Jeong&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Ave., Columbus, OH 43201, USA; email: chlorcon@battelle.org; URL: www.battelle.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Lessons learned from optimization of pump-and-treat systems nationwide AN - 39552575; 3689968 AU - Becker, D J AU - Greenwald, R AU - Nadeau, P AU - Sutton, D J AU - Yager, K Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39552575?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Lessons+learned+from+optimization+of+pump-and-treat+systems+nationwide&rft.au=Becker%2C+D+J%3BGreenwald%2C+R%3BNadeau%2C+P%3BSutton%2C+D+J%3BYager%2C+K&rft.aulast=Becker&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Ave., Columbus, OH 43201, USA; email: chlorcon@battelle.org; URL: www.battelle.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Coupling biodegradation and microbial processes using stable carbon isotopes AN - 39547287; 3690157 AU - Mills, MA AU - Herrmann, R AU - Haines, J R AU - Kleiner, E J AU - Wright, S L Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39547287?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Coupling+biodegradation+and+microbial+processes+using+stable+carbon+isotopes&rft.au=Mills%2C+MA%3BHerrmann%2C+R%3BHaines%2C+J+R%3BKleiner%2C+E+J%3BWright%2C+S+L&rft.aulast=Mills&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Ave., Columbus, OH 43201, USA; email: chlorcon@battelle.org; URL: www.battelle.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Cost analysis of permeable reactive barriers for remediation of groundwater AN - 39546251; 3690447 AU - Puls, R Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39546251?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Cost+analysis+of+permeable+reactive+barriers+for+remediation+of+groundwater&rft.au=Puls%2C+R&rft.aulast=Puls&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Ave., Columbus, OH 43201, USA; email: chlorcon@battelle.org; URL: www.battelle.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Field assessment of multiple DNAPL remediation technologies AN - 39537331; 3690456 AU - Wood, AL AU - Lee, T R AU - Enfield, C Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39537331?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Field+assessment+of+multiple+DNAPL+remediation+technologies&rft.au=Wood%2C+AL%3BLee%2C+T+R%3BEnfield%2C+C&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=AL&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Ave., Columbus, OH 43201, USA; email: chlorcon@battelle.org; URL: www.battelle.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Permeable reactive barrier performance monitoring: Long-term trends in geochemical parameters at two sites AN - 39536747; 3690326 AU - Wilkin, R Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39536747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Permeable+reactive+barrier+performance+monitoring%3A+Long-term+trends+in+geochemical+parameters+at+two+sites&rft.au=Wilkin%2C+R&rft.aulast=Wilkin&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Ave., Columbus, OH 43201, USA; email: chlorcon@battelle.org; URL: www.battelle.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Greener chemical process design alternatives are revealed using the waste reduction decision support system (WAR DSS) AN - 39534474; 3685456 AU - Saxe, J K AU - Young, D Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39534474?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Greener+chemical+process+design+alternatives+are+revealed+using+the+waste+reduction+decision+support+system+%28WAR+DSS%29&rft.au=Saxe%2C+J+K%3BYoung%2C+D&rft.aulast=Saxe&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Wessex Institute of Technology, Ashurst Lodge, Ashurst Southampton, SO40 7AA; phone: 44-0-1703-293223; fax: 44-0-1703-292853; email: wit@wessex.ac.uk; URL: www.wessex.ac.uk N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Laboratory microcosm experiments of oxidation processes after steam injection AN - 39530591; 3690215 AU - Davis, EL Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39530591?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Laboratory+microcosm+experiments+of+oxidation+processes+after+steam+injection&rft.au=Davis%2C+EL&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=EL&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Ave., Columbus, OH 43201, USA; email: chlorcon@battelle.org; URL: www.battelle.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Technical highlights of EPA peer review of NAPL web site AN - 39524703; 3690091 AU - Mercer, M AU - Fitzpatrick, M Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39524703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Technical+highlights+of+EPA+peer+review+of+NAPL+web+site&rft.au=Mercer%2C+M%3BFitzpatrick%2C+M&rft.aulast=Mercer&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Ave., Columbus, OH 43201, USA; email: chlorcon@battelle.org; URL: www.battelle.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Rapid removal of toxaphene using anaerobic bioremediation technology AN - 39519285; 3690173 AU - Allen, H L AU - Torres, M AU - Eng, CL AU - Miller, T F Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39519285?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Rapid+removal+of+toxaphene+using+anaerobic+bioremediation+technology&rft.au=Allen%2C+H+L%3BTorres%2C+M%3BEng%2C+CL%3BMiller%2C+T+F&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Ave., Columbus, OH 43201, USA; email: chlorcon@battelle.org; URL: www.battelle.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Urban canopy modelling influence on urban boundary layer simulation AN - 39514392; 3684484 AU - Dupont, S AU - Calmet, I AU - Mestayer, P G Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39514392?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Urban+canopy+modelling+influence+on+urban+boundary+layer+simulation&rft.au=Dupont%2C+S%3BCalmet%2C+I%3BMestayer%2C+P+G&rft.aulast=Dupont&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St., Boston, MA 02108-3693, USA; URL: www.ams.org. Paper No. 11.3 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Fuel infrastructure pathways for fuel cell vehicles: A comparative economic analysis AN - 39503313; 3689845 AU - Wright, EL Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39503313?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Fuel+infrastructure+pathways+for+fuel+cell+vehicles%3A+A+comparative+economic+analysis&rft.au=Wright%2C+EL&rft.aulast=Wright&rft.aufirst=EL&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: WHEC 2002, c/o O'Donoughue and Associates Event Management Ltd., 5486 Cote-Saint-Luc Road, Montreal, Quebec H3X 2C7, Canada; email: whec@odon.ca; URL: www.hydrogen2002.com N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Characterization of fractured bedrock for steam injection AN - 39495123; 3690463 AU - Davis, EL Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39495123?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+fractured+bedrock+for+steam+injection&rft.au=Davis%2C+EL&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=EL&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Ave., Columbus, OH 43201, USA; email: chlorcon@battelle.org; URL: www.battelle.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Design and operation of land treatment units at wood-treating sites AN - 39493954; 3690347 AU - Harris, J C Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39493954?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Design+and+operation+of+land+treatment+units+at+wood-treating+sites&rft.au=Harris%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Ave., Columbus, OH 43201, USA; email: chlorcon@battelle.org; URL: www.battelle.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Mercury sequestration in CHL004 and bacteria from around the world AN - 39493816; 3690014 AU - Davis-Hoover, W J Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39493816?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Mercury+sequestration+in+CHL004+and+bacteria+from+around+the+world&rft.au=Davis-Hoover%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Davis-Hoover&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Ave., Columbus, OH 43201, USA; email: chlorcon@battelle.org; URL: www.battelle.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Arsenic toxicity and potential mechanisms of action AN - 18456706; 5429064 AB - Exposure to the metalloid arsenic is a daily occurrence because of its environmental pervasiveness. Arsenic, which is found in several different chemical forms and oxidation states, causes acute and chronic adverse health effects, including cancer. The metabolism of arsenic has an important role in its toxicity. The metabolism involves reduction to a trivalent state and oxidative methylation to a pentavalent state. The trivalent arsenicals, including those methylated, have more potent toxic properties than the pentavalent arsenicals. The exact mechanism of the action of arsenic is not known, but several hypotheses have been proposed. At a biochemical level, inorganic arsenic in the pentavalent state may replace phosphate in several reactions. In the trivalent state, inorganic and organic (methylated) arsenic may react with critical thiols in proteins and inhibit their activity. Regarding cancer, potential mechanisms include genotoxicity, altered DNA methylation, oxidative stress, altered cell proliferation, co-carcinogenesis, and tumor promotion. A better understanding of the mechanism(s) of action of arsenic will make a more confident determination of the risks associated with exposure to this chemical. JF - Toxicology Letters AU - Hughes, M F AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, MD-74, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, hughes.michaelf@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/07/07/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 07 SP - 1 EP - 16 VL - 133 IS - 1 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24165:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18456706?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+Letters&rft.atitle=Arsenic+toxicity+and+potential+mechanisms+of+action&rft.au=Hughes%2C+M+F&rft.aulast=Hughes&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-07-07&rft.volume=133&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+Letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue on Arsenic. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Plasmid DNA damage caused by methylated arsenicals, ascorbic acid and human liver ferritin AN - 18451872; 5429067 AB - Both dimethylarsinic acid (DMA(V)) and dimethylarsinous acid (DMA(III)) release iron from human liver ferritin (HLF) with or without the presence of ascorbic acid. With ascorbic acid the rate of iron release from HLF by DMA(V) was intermediate (3.37 nM/min, P < 0.05) and by DMA(III) was much higher (16.3 nM/min, P < 0.001). No pBR322 plasmid DNA damage was observed from in vitro exposure to arsenate (iAs(V)), arsenite (iAs(III)), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA(V)), monomethylarsonous acid (MMA(III)) or DMA(V) alone. DNA damage was observed following DMA(III) exposure; coexposure to DMA(III) and HLF caused more DNA damage; considerably higher amounts of DNA damage was caused by coexposure of DMA(III), HLF and ascorbic acid. Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (an iron chelator), significantly inhibited DNA damage. Addition of catalase (which can increase Fe super(2+) concentrations) further increased the plasmid DNA damage. Iron-dependent DNA damage could be a mechanism of action of human arsenic carcinogenesis. JF - Toxicology Letters AU - Ahmad, S AU - Kitchin, K T AU - Cullen, W R AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, MD-68, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, kitchin.kirk@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/07/07/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 07 SP - 47 EP - 57 VL - 133 IS - 1 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - man KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24165:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18451872?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+Letters&rft.atitle=Plasmid+DNA+damage+caused+by+methylated+arsenicals%2C+ascorbic+acid+and+human+liver+ferritin&rft.au=Ahmad%2C+S%3BKitchin%2C+K+T%3BCullen%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=Ahmad&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-07-07&rft.volume=133&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+Letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue on Arsenic. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temporal abundance patterns of the red tide dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans along the southeast coast of Australia AN - 18457875; 5432476 AB - Noctiluca scintillans was seasonally abundant during the austral spring and summer with typical values of 16 cells l super(-1), but depleted in autumn and winter, with values of 80%) of Noctiluca cells contained food particles in their vacuoles during the diatom blooms, suggesting that the increase in abundance of Noctiluca was most likely stimulated by food availability. Pulses of small-sized Noctiluca cells during the diatoms blooms were indicative of this population growth. The delta super(15)N isotopic similarity of the red tide cells collected from spatially and temporally distant water masses suggests that the prey of Noctiluca were derived from a single nutrient source, most likely uplifted slope water. This study shows that the predominant underlying mechanism regulating population growth of Noctiluca along the southeast coast of Australia is the uplifting of nutrient-rich slope water. The uplifting events stimulate phytoplankton blooms which in turn stimulate Noctiluca blooms. JF - Marine Ecology Progress Series AU - Dela-Cruz, J AU - Ajani, P AU - Lee, R AU - Pritchard, T AU - Suthers, I AD - School of Biological Earth and Environmental Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia, delacruz@epa.nsw.gov.au Y1 - 2002/07/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 03 SP - 75 EP - 88 VL - 236 SN - 0171-8630, 0171-8630 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts KW - K 03009:Algae KW - D 04627:Algae/lichens UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18457875?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.atitle=Temporal+abundance+patterns+of+the+red+tide+dinoflagellate+Noctiluca+scintillans+along+the+southeast+coast+of+Australia&rft.au=Dela-Cruz%2C+J%3BAjani%2C+P%3BLee%2C+R%3BPritchard%2C+T%3BSuthers%2C+I&rft.aulast=Dela-Cruz&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-07-03&rft.volume=236&rft.issue=&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.issn=01718630&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alternative methods for acute oral toxicity testing: practical guidance for implementation. AN - 72041629; 12200593 JF - Lab animal AU - Rispin, Amy AU - McCall, Deborah AU - Farrar, David AU - Margosches, Elizabeth AU - Gupta, Kailash AU - Stitzel, Katherine AU - Carr, Gregory AU - Greene, Michael AU - Rogers, John AU - Meyer, William AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (7506C), Ariel Rios Building, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Rispin.Amy@epamail.epa.gov PY - 2002 SP - 42 EP - 48 VL - 31 IS - 7 SN - 0093-7355, 0093-7355 KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Animal Welfare KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Animals, Laboratory KW - Animal Testing Alternatives KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Practice Guidelines as Topic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72041629?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lab+animal&rft.atitle=Alternative+methods+for+acute+oral+toxicity+testing%3A+practical+guidance+for+implementation.&rft.au=Rispin%2C+Amy%3BMcCall%2C+Deborah%3BFarrar%2C+David%3BMargosches%2C+Elizabeth%3BGupta%2C+Kailash%3BStitzel%2C+Katherine%3BCarr%2C+Gregory%3BGreene%2C+Michael%3BRogers%2C+John%3BMeyer%2C+William&rft.aulast=Rispin&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=42&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Lab+animal&rft.issn=00937355&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-11-25 N1 - Date created - 2002-08-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Murine local lymph node assay: an alternative test method for skin hypersensitivity testing. AN - 72038499; 12200592 JF - Lab animal AU - Sailstad, Denise M AD - Immunotoxicology Branch, United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), Experimental Toxicology Division, MD 92, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. sailstad.denise@epa.gov PY - 2002 SP - 36 EP - 41 VL - 31 IS - 7 SN - 0093-7355, 0093-7355 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dermatitis, Allergic Contact -- etiology KW - Guinea Pigs KW - Skin Tests KW - Humans KW - Biological Assay KW - Mice KW - Animal Testing Alternatives KW - Lymph Nodes -- pathology KW - Drug Hypersensitivity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72038499?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lab+animal&rft.atitle=Murine+local+lymph+node+assay%3A+an+alternative+test+method+for+skin+hypersensitivity+testing.&rft.au=Sailstad%2C+Denise+M&rft.aulast=Sailstad&rft.aufirst=Denise&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=36&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Lab+animal&rft.issn=00937355&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-11-25 N1 - Date created - 2002-08-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of the risk of solar ultraviolet radiation to amphibians. I. Dose-dependent induction of hindlimb malformations in the northern leopard frog (Rana pipiens). AN - 71957274; 12144258 AB - A number of environmental stressors have been hypothesized as responsible for recent increases in limb malformations in several species of North American amphibians. The purpose of this study was to generate dose-response data suitable for assessing the potential role of solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation in causing limb malformations in a species in which this phenomenon seemingly is particularly prevalent, the northern leopard frog (Rana pipiens). Frogs were exposed from early embryonic stages through complete metamorphosis to varying natural sunlight regimes, including unaltered (100%) sunlight, sunlight subjected to neutral density filtration to achieve relative intensities of 85%, 75%, 65%, 50%, and 25% of unaltered sunlight, and sunlight filtered with glass or acrylamide to attenuate, respectively, the UVB (290-320 nm) and UVB plus UVA (290-380 nm) portions of the spectrum. The experiments were conducted in a controlled setting, with continual monitoring of UVB, UVA, and visible light to support a robust exposure assessment. Full sunlight caused approximately 50% mortality of the frogs during early larval development; no significant treatment-related mortality occurred under any of the other exposure regimes, including 100% sunlight with glass or acrylamide filtration. There was a dose-dependent (p < 0.0001) induction of hindlimb malformations in the frogs, with the percentage of affected animals ranging from about 97% under unaltered sunlight to 0% in the 25% neutral density treatment. Malformations were comprised mostly of missing or truncated digits, and generally were bilateral as well as symmetrical. Filtration of sunlight with either glass or acrylamide both significantly reduced the incidence of malformed limbs. The estimated sunlight dose resulting in a 50% limb malformation rate (ED50) was 63.5%. The limb ED50 values based on measured sunlight intensities corresponded to average daily doses of 4.5 and 100 Wh x m(-2) for UVB and UVA, respectively. Exposure to sunlight also resulted in increased eye malformations in R. pipiens, however, the dose-response relationship for this endpoint was not monotonic. The results of this study, in conjunction with measured or predicted exposure data from natural settings, provide a basis for quantitative prediction of the risk of solar UV radiation to amphibians. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Ankley, Gerald T AU - Diamond, Stephen A AU - Tietge, Joseph E AU - Holcombe, Gary W AU - Jensen, Kathleen M AU - Defoe, David L AU - Peterson, Ryan AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, Duluth, Minnesota 55804, USA. ankley.gerald@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/07/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 01 SP - 2853 EP - 2858 VL - 36 IS - 13 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Index Medicus KW - Embryonic Development KW - Animals KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Congenital Abnormalities -- veterinary KW - Rana pipiens -- growth & development KW - Ultraviolet Rays -- adverse effects KW - Congenital Abnormalities -- etiology KW - Hindlimb -- abnormalities UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71957274?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+the+risk+of+solar+ultraviolet+radiation+to+amphibians.+I.+Dose-dependent+induction+of+hindlimb+malformations+in+the+northern+leopard+frog+%28Rana+pipiens%29.&rft.au=Ankley%2C+Gerald+T%3BDiamond%2C+Stephen+A%3BTietge%2C+Joseph+E%3BHolcombe%2C+Gary+W%3BJensen%2C+Kathleen+M%3BDefoe%2C+David+L%3BPeterson%2C+Ryan&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=Gerald&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=2853&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-22 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Environ Sci Technol. 2002 Jul 1;36(13):264A [12144240] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of the risk of solar ultraviolet radiation to amphibians. III. Prediction of impacts in selected northern midwestern wetlands. AN - 71955387; 12144260 AB - Solar ultraviolet radiation, especially UVB (280-320 nm), has been hypothesized to be at least partially responsible for adverse effects (e.g., declines and malformations) in amphibian species throughout the world. Evaluation of this hypothesis has been limited by the paucity of high-quality UV dose-response data and reliable estimates of typical UV doses that occur in amphibian habitats. In this preliminary risk assessment for effects of UV radiation on amphibians, dose-response relationships quantified in outdoor experiments were compared with UV exposure estimates for 26 wetlands in northern Minnesota and Wisconsin. A comparison of wetland doses, derived from model prediction, historical data, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) characterization, with experimental effects levels for green (R. clamitans), northern leopard (R. pipiens), and mink (R. septentrionalis) frogs indicated that the risk of mortality and malformations due to UV exposure is low for the majority of wetlands evaluated. Wetland UV dose, averaged over the entire breeding season, exceeded effects doses for mortality for all three species in two of the 26 wetlands examined and for one species in an additional wetland. On the basis of evidence that shorter term doses caused mortality in amphibian larvae, 3-day doses were also evaluated. In three of the wetlands examined, 3-day doses in excess of 85% of full sunlight (the level that appeared to trigger effects in controlled experimentation) occurred at frequencies ranging 22-100% for all three species and at frequencies ranging from 15% to 58% for R. pipiens and R. septentrionalis in three additional wetlands. Risk of malformation in R. pipiens was apparent in five of the 26 wetlands evaluated. Overall, estimated UVB doses in 21 of the wetlands never exceeded experimental effects doses for mortality or malformations. These results suggest that most amphibians are not currently at significant risk for UVB effects in northern Minnesota and Wisconsin wetlands. However, continued reduction of ozone and other global climate change effects may increase UV doses in wetlands, suggesting that the risk of UV to amphibians should continue to be monitored and studied. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Diamond, Stephen A AU - Peterson, Gregory S AU - Tietge, Joseph E AU - Ankley, Gerald T AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, Duluth, Minnesota 55804, USA. diamond.steve@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/07/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 01 SP - 2866 EP - 2874 VL - 36 IS - 13 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Oxidants, Photochemical KW - 0 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Ecosystem KW - Mortality KW - Animals KW - Ozone -- analysis KW - Greenhouse Effect KW - Oxidants, Photochemical -- analysis KW - Forecasting KW - Larva -- growth & development KW - Risk Assessment KW - Congenital Abnormalities -- veterinary KW - Ultraviolet Rays -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Congenital Abnormalities -- etiology KW - Ranidae -- abnormalities KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71955387?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+the+risk+of+solar+ultraviolet+radiation+to+amphibians.+III.+Prediction+of+impacts+in+selected+northern+midwestern+wetlands.&rft.au=Diamond%2C+Stephen+A%3BPeterson%2C+Gregory+S%3BTietge%2C+Joseph+E%3BAnkley%2C+Gerald+T&rft.aulast=Diamond&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=2866&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-22 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Environ Sci Technol. 2002 Jul 1;36(13):264A [12144240] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On-road emissions of PCDDs and PCDFs from heavy duty diesel vehicles. AN - 71950125; 12144283 AB - This work characterized emission factors of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDDs/Fs) from on-road sampling of three heavy duty diesel vehicles (HDDVs) under experimental conditions of city and highway driving; idling operation; high (>400 ppm) and low (<5 ppm) sulfur (S) fuels; and high mileage and rebuilt engine testing. Emission factors, homologue profiles, and isomer patterns were compared to determine whether the experimental conditions had an impact on PCDD/F emissions, or whether these conditions were uninfluential in determining a fleet-representative emission factor. For a single HDDV tested under conditions of a high mileage engine, a newly rebuilt engine, and the newly rebuilt engine with low S diesel fuel, emission factors were 0.023 (+/- 0.022), 0.008 (+/- 0.002), and 0.016 (+/- 0.013) ng toxic equivalency (TEQ)/km, respectively. These results may infer some limited condition-specific differences in PCDD/F emissions, but these differences do not appear to have a significant effect on the HDDV emission factor. An older HDDV with mechanical fuel controls resulted in a single test value of 0.164 ng TEQ/km, significantly higher than all other results. Observed differences in emission factors, homologue profiles, and TEQ-related isomer patterns from this on-vehicle sampling and others' tunnel sampling suggest limitations in our present characterization of fleet PCDD/F emissions. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Gullett, Brian K AU - Ryan, Jeffrey V AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. gullet.brian@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/07/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 01 SP - 3036 EP - 3040 VL - 36 IS - 13 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Benzofurans KW - Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated KW - Gasoline KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Engineering KW - Isomerism KW - Motor Vehicles KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analogs & derivatives KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analysis KW - Gasoline -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Benzofurans -- analysis KW - Vehicle Emissions -- analysis KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71950125?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=On-road+emissions+of+PCDDs+and+PCDFs+from+heavy+duty+diesel+vehicles.&rft.au=Gullett%2C+Brian+K%3BRyan%2C+Jeffrey+V&rft.aulast=Gullett&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=3036&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-22 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of the risk of solar ultraviolet radiation to amphibians. II. In situ characterzation of exposure in amphibian habitats. AN - 71950104; 12144259 AB - Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation has been hypothesized as a potential cause of amphibian population declines and increased incidence of malformations. Realistic studies documenting UV irradiance or dose have rarely been conducted in wetlands used by amphibians. Our data indicates that 99% of UVB is attenuated in the top 5-20 cm of wetlands in our study region (northern Minnesota and Wisconsin). Furthermore, vegetation and other habitat features have substantial impacts on local UVB irradiance levels and dose. UVB attenuation in the water columns of our wetlands is controlled by the specific absorption of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and consequently, UVB attenuation is best predicted by simple laboratory absorbance measurements such as bulk water color (absorbance at 440 nm) or wavelength-specific absorbance coefficients. Seasonal data indicate thatthe UVB absorption by early and mid-season DOC is higher than that of late summer and fall DOC, suggesting increased protection from UVB during the potentially sensitive stages of amphibian development. In addition to dissolved components, our model indicates that suspended solids play a small role in UVB attenuation in our wetlands but apparently only at high concentrations. Models predicting UV attenuation in wetlands should be used cautiously and should consider temporal variability, given the volatility and dynamic nature of water column characteristics in wetlands. Organism behavior is a critical but poorly understood phenomenon that must be addressed for development of an accurate UV exposure risk model for amphibians. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Peterson, Gregory S AU - Johnson, Lucinda B AU - Axler, Richard P AU - Diamond, Stephen A AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, Duluth, Minnesota 55804, USA. Y1 - 2002/07/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 01 SP - 2859 EP - 2865 VL - 36 IS - 13 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Animals KW - Absorption KW - Larva -- growth & development KW - Risk Assessment KW - Ultraviolet Rays -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Rana pipiens -- abnormalities KW - Hindlimb -- abnormalities KW - Behavior, Animal KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71950104?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+the+risk+of+solar+ultraviolet+radiation+to+amphibians.+II.+In+situ+characterzation+of+exposure+in+amphibian+habitats.&rft.au=Peterson%2C+Gregory+S%3BJohnson%2C+Lucinda+B%3BAxler%2C+Richard+P%3BDiamond%2C+Stephen+A&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=2859&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-22 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Environ Sci Technol. 2002 Jul 1;36(13):264A [12144240] Erratum In: Environ Sci Technol. 2003 Nov 1;37(21):5080 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Continuous monitoring of ultrafine, fine, and coarse particles in a residence for 18 months in 1999-2000. AN - 71942028; 12139348 AB - Continuous monitors were employed for 18 months in an occupied townhouse to measure ultrafine, fine, and coarse particles; air change rates; wind speed and direction; temperature; and relative humidity (RH). A main objective was to document short-term and long-term variation in indoor air concentrations of size-resolved particles (0.01-20 microm) caused by (1) diumal and seasonal variation of outdoor air concentrations and meteorological variables, (2) indoor sources such as cooking and using candles, and (3) activities affecting air change rates such as opening windows and using fans. A second objective was to test and compare available instruments for their suitability in providing real-time estimates of particle levels and ancillary variables. Despite different measuring principles, the instruments employed in this study agreed reasonably well for particles less than 10 microm in diameter. The three instruments measuring fine and coarse particles (aerodynamic diameter between 0.3 and 20 microm) agreed to within 30% in their overall estimates of total volume. Two of these instruments employed optical scattering, and the third used an aerodynamic acceleration principle. However, several lines of evidence indicated that the instrument employing aerodynamic acceleration overestimated concentrations for particle diameters greater than 10 microm. A fourth instrument measuring ultrafine and accumulation-mode particles (0.01-1 microm) was operated with two different inlets providing somewhat different particle size ranges. The two inlets agreed in the ultrafine region ( 0.8 air changes per hour (hr(-1))], particle concentrations were either elevated (when no source was present) or depressed (when an indoor source was operating) by factors of up to 2 compared with low air change rates. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995) AU - Wallace, Lance AU - Howard-Reed, Cynthia AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Reston, Virginia 20192, USA. wallace.lance@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - July 2002 SP - 828 EP - 844 VL - 52 IS - 7 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Index Medicus KW - Ventilation KW - Housing KW - Particle Size KW - Humans KW - Air Movements KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Environmental Exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71942028?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.atitle=Continuous+monitoring+of+ultrafine%2C+fine%2C+and+coarse+particles+in+a+residence+for+18+months+in+1999-2000.&rft.au=Wallace%2C+Lance%3BHoward-Reed%2C+Cynthia&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=Lance&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=828&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-13 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of light scattering devices and impactors for particulate measurements in indoor, outdoor, and personal environments. AN - 71941022; 12144275 AB - Short-term monitoring of individual particulate matter (PM) exposures on subjects and inside residences in health effect studies have been sparse due to the lack of adequate monitoring devices. The recent development of small and portable light scattering devices, including the Radiance nephelometer (neph) and the personal DataRAM (pDR) has made this monitoring possible. This paper evaluates the performance of both the passive pDR and neph (without any size fractionation inlet) against measurements from both Harvard impactors (HI2.5) and Harvard personal environmental monitors (HPEM2.5) for PM2.5 in indoor, outdoor, and personal settings. These measurements were taken at the residences and on the person of nonsmoking elderly subjects across the metropolitan Seattle area and represent a wide range of light scattering measurements directly related to exposures and health effects. At low PM levels, nephs provided finer resolution and more precise measurements (precision = 3-8% and uncertainty = 2.8 x 10(-7) m(-1) or <1 microg/m3) than the pDRs. The unbiased precision of pDRs above 10 microg/m3 is around 5% (with an unbiased uncertainty of 4.4 microg/m3). The 24-h average responses of the pDR and neph, as compared to 24-h integrated gravimetric measurements, are not affected by indoor sources of PM. When regressed against 24-h gravimetric measurements, nephs showed higher coefficients of determination (R2 = 0.81-0.93) than pDRs (R2 = 0.77-0.84). The default mass calibration on the pDRs generally overestimated indoor HI2.5 measurements by 56%. When carried by subjects, the pDR overestimated the HPEM2.5 measurements by approximately 27%. Collocated real-time indoor nephs and pDRs at diverse residential sites had varied coefficients of determination across homes (R2 = 0.75-0.96), and the difference between pDR and neph responses increased during cooking hours. This difference was larger during baking or frying episodes than during other cooking or cleaning activities. Relative humidity, ranging between 25% and 64% indoors in our study, was not a significant factor affecting the differences in neph or pDR response. In summary, for nonsmoking residences, the mass scattering efficiency (m2/g) of a stationary indoor neph on a 24-h basis does not vary by residence, including residences with and without cooking activities. This is also true forthe pDR. These same stationary indoor pDRs and nephs correlate well with each other, even on a 10-min basis, in the absence of indoor source activities. The fact that these activities comprised a relatively small percentage (cooking + cleaning = 2.3%) of the overall sampling time meant that the overall correlation between these two instruments for all time periods was good. However, when examining the cooking and cleaning periods separately, the correlation was not very good. Thus, during these short-term PM episodes, the 24-h average calibrations versus gravimetric mass should be used with caution. Both devices should be potentially useful in future exposure assessment and health effects studies. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Liu, L J Sally AU - Slaughter, James C AU - Larson, Timothy V AD - UW/EPA NW Research Center for Particulate Air Pollution and Health, Department of Environmental Health, University of Washington, Seattle 98195-7234, USA. sliu@u.washington.edu Y1 - 2002/07/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 01 SP - 2977 EP - 2986 VL - 36 IS - 13 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Index Medicus KW - Particle Size KW - Humans KW - Nephelometry and Turbidimetry KW - Calibration KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71941022?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+light+scattering+devices+and+impactors+for+particulate+measurements+in+indoor%2C+outdoor%2C+and+personal+environments.&rft.au=Liu%2C+L+J+Sally%3BSlaughter%2C+James+C%3BLarson%2C+Timothy+V&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=L+J&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=2977&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-22 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of sample preparation on the measurement of organic carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen concentrations in marine sediments. AN - 71937226; 12137051 AB - The elemental composition of marine sediment provides useful information for the study of environmental processes including biogeochemical cycling and contaminant partitioning. It is common practice to acidify marine sediment samples to remove carbonate before measuring the concentrations of organic carbon (C). To date, however the effects of acidification on the concentrations of hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), sulfur (S) and oxygen (O) in marine sediments have not been explicitly addressed. Acidification may contaminate or alter the sediment samples and create experimental artifacts affecting the validity of resulting H/C, C/N and O/C ratios. The objective of this study was to quantify how various preparation techniques affect the measured concentrations of C, H, N, S and O in marine sediments. Effects of four different pretreatments: unacidified (whole), acidification by HCl vapor, acidification by direct addition of HCl, and combustion were evaluated using five marine sediments and a standard reference material. The magnitude of carbonate loss between the vapor and direct acidification treatments was evaluated using stable C isotope analysis. Carbonates were most effectively removed by direct addition of HCl; and our results agree with findings of other studies which found direct addition of HCl to be the most accurate method for measuring organic C. However, the acid treatments elevated the apparent concentration of H and O; and in a few cases concentrations of N and S were significantly affected by acidification. In general, combustion significantly reduced all elemental concentrations compared to the whole sample. Based on these results, we recommend analysis of the untreated whole sediment for determining N, H, O, and S. JF - Chemosphere AU - Ryba, Stephan A AU - Burgess, Robert M AD - US EPA, NHEERL, Atlantic Ecology, Division, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA. ryba.stephan@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - July 2002 SP - 139 EP - 147 VL - 48 IS - 1 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Organic Chemicals KW - 0 KW - Sulfur KW - 70FD1KFU70 KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - Hydrogen KW - 7YNJ3PO35Z KW - Nitrogen KW - N762921K75 KW - Oxygen KW - S88TT14065 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Incineration KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Chemistry Techniques, Analytical -- methods KW - Specimen Handling KW - Organic Chemicals -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Geologic Sediments -- chemistry KW - Nitrogen -- analysis KW - Oxygen -- analysis KW - Carbon -- analysis KW - Hydrogen -- analysis KW - Sulfur -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71937226?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Effects+of+sample+preparation+on+the+measurement+of+organic+carbon%2C+hydrogen%2C+nitrogen%2C+sulfur%2C+and+oxygen+concentrations+in+marine+sediments.&rft.au=Ryba%2C+Stephan+A%3BBurgess%2C+Robert+M&rft.aulast=Ryba&rft.aufirst=Stephan&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-08 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Computer simulations of particle deposition in the lungs of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. AN - 71911934; 12122571 AB - Epidemiology data show that mortality rates for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients increase with an increase in concentration of ambient particulate matter (PM). This is not seen for normal subjects. Therefore, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has identified COPD patients as a susceptible subpopulation to be considered in regulatory standards. In the present study, a computer model was used to calculate deposition fractions of PM within the lungs of COPD patients. The morphology of COPD lungs was characterized by two distinct components: obstruction of airways (chronic bronchitis component), and degeneration of alveolar structure (emphysema component). The chronic bronchitis component was modeled by reducing airway diameters using airway resistance measurements in vivo, and the emphysema component was modeled by increasing alveolar volumes. Calculated results were compared with experimental data obtained from COPD patients for controlled breathing trials (tidal volume of 500 ml, respiratory time of 1 s) with a particle size of 1 microm. The model successfully depicts PM deposition patterns and their dependence on the severity of disease. The findings indicate that airway obstructions are the main cause for increased deposition in the COPD lung. JF - Inhalation toxicology AU - Segal, R A AU - Martonen, T B AU - Kim, C S AU - Shearer, M AD - Experimental Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Mail Drop 74, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - July 2002 SP - 705 EP - 720 VL - 14 IS - 7 SN - 0895-8378, 0895-8378 KW - Aerosols KW - 0 KW - Air Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - Airway Resistance KW - Particle Size KW - Humans KW - Emphysema -- metabolism KW - Bronchitis, Chronic -- metabolism KW - Models, Biological KW - Computer Simulation KW - Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive -- metabolism KW - Air Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics KW - Lung -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71911934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Inhalation+toxicology&rft.atitle=Computer+simulations+of+particle+deposition+in+the+lungs+of+chronic+obstructive+pulmonary+disease+patients.&rft.au=Segal%2C+R+A%3BMartonen%2C+T+B%3BKim%2C+C+S%3BShearer%2C+M&rft.aulast=Segal&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=705&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Inhalation+toxicology&rft.issn=08958378&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-09-11 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A field validation of two sediment-amphipod toxicity tests. AN - 71904397; 12109743 AB - A field validation study of two sediment-amphipod toxicity tests was conducted using sediment samples collected subtidally in the vicinity of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-contaminated Superfund site in Elliott Bay (WA, USA). Sediment samples were collected at 30 stations with a 0.1 m2 grab from which subsamples were taken for sediment toxicity testing and geochemical and macrofaunal analyses. Standard 10-d sediment-amphipod toxicity tests were conducted with Rhepoxynius abronius and Leptocheiros plumulosus. Sediments were analyzed for 33 PAHs, pentachlorophenol, polychlorinated biphenyls, acid-volatile sulfide, simultaneously extracted metals (Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni), total organic carbon, and grain size. Sediment temperature, oxygen-reduction potential, water depth, and interstitial water salinity were also measured. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, quantified as total PAH toxic units (TU(PAH)), were confirmed to be an important common causal agent of the changes in the two toxicity test (% survival R. abronius, % survival L. plumulosus) and five macrofaunal community (number of species, S; numerical abundance, A: total biomass, B: Swartz's dominance index, SDI; Brillouin's index, H) endpoints. Two other macrofaunal community metrics (the complement of Simpson's index, 1 - SI, and McIntosh's index, MI) were less sensitive to TU(PAH) than the two toxicity test endpoints. The sensitivities of R. abronius and L. plumulosus to TU(PAH) were statistically indistinguishable. Field validations were conducted by testing the association between or among each toxicity test endpoint, each of seven macrofaunal community metrics (S, A, B, SDI, H, 1 - SI, MI), and TU(PAH) by (1) Spearman's coefficient of rank correlation, (2) Kendall's coefficient of concordance, (3) G tests of independence, and (4) regression analysis. Some field validations based on multivariable tests of association (e.g., points 2 and 3) among toxicity test, field, and stressor endpoints produced false positive results. Both toxicity test endpoints were validated as indicators of changes in S, A, SDI, and H by all the methods tested. The resolution power of the relationships between the laboratory toxicity test and macrofaunal field endpoints was low (< or = three classes) but sufficient to discriminate ecologically important effects. We conclude that standard sediment-amphipod toxicity tests are ecologically relevant and that, under the proper conditions, their results can be used for lab-to-field extrapolation. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Ferraro, Steven P AU - Cole, Faith A AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Newport, Oregon 97365-5260, USA. ferraro.steven@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - July 2002 SP - 1423 EP - 1437 VL - 21 IS - 7 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Washington KW - Endpoint Determination KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- toxicity KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Geologic Sediments -- chemistry KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Toxicity Tests -- methods KW - Amphipoda -- drug effects KW - Toxicity Tests -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71904397?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=A+field+validation+of+two+sediment-amphipod+toxicity+tests.&rft.au=Ferraro%2C+Steven+P%3BCole%2C+Faith+A&rft.aulast=Ferraro&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1423&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-03 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting the occurrence of genetic adaptation to dioxinlike compounds in populations of the estuarine fish Fundulus heteroclitus. AN - 71902740; 12109755 AB - A population of the nonmigratory estuarine fish species Fundulus heteroclitus (mummichog) indigenous to a polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-contaminated Superfund site (New Bedford Harbor, MA, USA) demonstrated an inherited tolerance to local, dioxinlike contaminants (DLCs). These findings suggest that DLCs have acted as selective agents, allowing the survival of only the most tolerant individuals, forming DLC-adapted populations. We hypothesized that DLC-tolerant mummichog populations would reside where local conditions are toxic to sensitive individuals, and that toxic environmental conditions could be predicted based on responses of sensitive early life stages to laboratory exposures of DLCs. As a measure of DLC tolerance, progeny of field-collected fish were tested in the laboratory with a dioxinlike PCB congener, 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 126). Mummichog populations were collected from sites with sediment PCB concentrations predicted to range from nontoxic to toxic. Consistent with predictions, tolerant populations were indigenous to sites with elevated sediment PCB concentrations. Also, as predicted, DLC-tolerant populations were resident to sites far less contaminated than the Superfund site. These results suggest that exposures to persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic contaminants may produce evolutionary effects on a geographic scale larger than previously envisioned. This study presents an approach and describes a model system that may improve understanding of the scale of occurrence for these potentially irreversible ecological effects. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Nacci, Diane E AU - Champlin, Denise AU - Coiro, Laura AU - McKinney, Rick AU - Jayaraman, Saro AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882, USA. nacci.diane@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - July 2002 SP - 1525 EP - 1532 VL - 21 IS - 7 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Dioxins KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - 3,4,5,3',4'-pentachlorobiphenyl KW - TSH69IA9XF KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Life Cycle Stages -- drug effects KW - Embryo, Nonmammalian -- physiology KW - Drug Tolerance -- physiology KW - Drug Tolerance -- genetics KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- toxicity KW - Toxicity Tests, Acute KW - Biological Assay KW - Embryo, Nonmammalian -- drug effects KW - Heredity -- physiology KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Fundulidae -- growth & development KW - Adaptation, Physiological -- genetics KW - Fundulidae -- physiology KW - Dioxins -- toxicity KW - Fundulidae -- embryology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71902740?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=Predicting+the+occurrence+of+genetic+adaptation+to+dioxinlike+compounds+in+populations+of+the+estuarine+fish+Fundulus+heteroclitus.&rft.au=Nacci%2C+Diane+E%3BChamplin%2C+Denise%3BCoiro%2C+Laura%3BMcKinney%2C+Rick%3BJayaraman%2C+Saro&rft.aulast=Nacci&rft.aufirst=Diane&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1525&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-03 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exposure-disease continuum for 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine (2-CdA), a prototype teratogen: induction of lumbar hernia in the rat and species comparison for the teratogenic responses. AN - 71901263; 12115775 AB - The purine analog 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine (2-CdA) caused ocular and limb defects in the mouse and rabbit. The current study examined the teratogenic potential of this drug in the rat and compared the adverse developmental outcomes with the other species. Timed-pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were given a single intraperitoneal injection of various doses of 2-CdA ranging from 5-60 mg/kg, at gestational day (GD) 9.5 and GD 14. 2-CdA concentrations in maternal serum and embryos were measured by HPLC and termed fetuses were prepared for teratological examination. Full-litter resorption was seen in dams receiving 50 mg/kg of 2-CdA at GD 9.5, whereas post-implantation loss was significantly increased and fetal weights significantly reduced at 40 mg/kg. Gross examination of the surviving fetuses revealed microphthalmia, a shortened body trunk and lumbar hernia, manifested by a soft mass protrusion at the lumbar region on one or both sides of the spine. Incidence of these defects increased in a dose-dependent fashion. Histological examination indicated that the hernia was associated with hypoplasia of the body wall, poorly developed skeletal muscle bundles surrounding the vertebral column in the lumbar region, and an absence of the lateral muscle groups that allowed protrusion of the abdominal viscera. The lumbar hernia was generally accompanied by spina bifida, deformed ribs and a wide spectrum of soft tissue-abnormalities that included kidney, genitourinary and heart defects. At GD 14, exposure to 2-CdA at 60 mg/kg produced oligodactyly in one of six litters. 2-CdA produced similar ocular defects in the rat and mouse, although the incidence was much lower in the former species. In contrast, the drug-induced lumbar hernia was only seen in the rat. These apparent disparities were not readily explained by species differences in pharmacokinetic parameters. the similarities between the teratological features of 2-CdA-induced lumbar hernia in the rat and the clinical description of lumbocostovertebral syndrome, however, may provide a key to unlock the etiology of this rare birth defect in humans. Published 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - Teratology AU - Lau, Christopher AU - Narotsky, Michael G AU - Lui, Doris AU - Best, Deborah AU - Setzer, R Woodrow AU - Mann, Peter C AU - Wubah, Judith A AU - Knudsen, Thomas B AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, NHEERL, ORD, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. lau.christopher@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - July 2002 SP - 6 EP - 18 VL - 66 IS - 1 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Teratogens KW - 0 KW - Cladribine KW - 47M74X9YT5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Lumbosacral Region KW - Hernia -- chemically induced KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Spinal Cord Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Cladribine -- pharmacokinetics KW - Cladribine -- toxicity KW - Eye Abnormalities -- chemically induced KW - Teratogens -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71901263?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Exposure-disease+continuum+for+2-chloro-2%27-deoxyadenosine+%282-CdA%29%2C+a+prototype+teratogen%3A+induction+of+lumbar+hernia+in+the+rat+and+species+comparison+for+the+teratogenic+responses.&rft.au=Lau%2C+Christopher%3BNarotsky%2C+Michael+G%3BLui%2C+Doris%3BBest%2C+Deborah%3BSetzer%2C+R+Woodrow%3BMann%2C+Peter+C%3BWubah%2C+Judith+A%3BKnudsen%2C+Thomas+B&rft.aulast=Lau&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=6&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-03-03 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Continuous measurements of air change rates in an occupied house for 1 year: the effect of temperature, wind, fans, and windows. AN - 71858033; 12087436 AB - A year-long investigation of air change rates in an occupied house was undertaken to establish the effects of temperature, wind velocity, use of exhaust fans, and window-opening behavior. Air change rates were calculated by periodically injecting a tracer gas (SF(6)) into the return air duct and measuring the concentration in 10 indoor locations sequentially every minute by a gas chromatograph equipped with an electron capture detector. Temperatures were also measured outdoors and in the 10 indoor locations. Relative humidity (RH) was measured outdoors and in five indoor locations every 5 min. Wind speed and direction in the horizontal plane were measured using a portable meteorological station mounted on the rooftop. Use of the thermostat-controlled attic fan was recorded automatically. Indoor temperatures increased from 21 degrees C in winter to 27 degrees C in summer. Indoor RH increased from 20% to 70% in the same time period. Windows were open only a few percent of the time in winter but more than half the time in summer. About 4600 hour-long average air change rates were calculated from the measured tracer gas decay rates. The mean (SD) rate was 0.65 (0.56) h(-1). Tracer gas decay rates in different rooms were very similar, ranging only from 0.62 to 0.67 h(-1), suggesting that conditions were well mixed throughout the year. The strongest influence on air change rates was opening windows, which could increase the rate to as much as 2 h(-1) for extended periods, and up to 3 h(-1) for short periods of a few hours. The use of the attic fan also increased air change rates by amounts up to 1 h(-1). Use of the furnace fan had no effect on air change rates. Although a clear effect of indoor-outdoor temperature difference could be discerned, its magnitude was relatively small, with a very large temperature difference of 30 degrees C (54 degrees F) accounting for an increase in the air change rate of about 0.6 h(-1). Wind speed and direction were found to have very little influence on air change rates at this house. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Wallace, L A AU - Emmerich, S J AU - Howard-Reed, C AD - US EPA, 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, 555 National Center, Reston, Virginia 20192, USA. wallace.lance@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - July 2002 SP - 296 EP - 306 VL - 12 IS - 4 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Gases KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Reference Values KW - Housing KW - Humans KW - Temperature KW - Humidity KW - Wind KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Ventilation KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Air Movements UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71858033?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Continuous+measurements+of+air+change+rates+in+an+occupied+house+for+1+year%3A+the+effect+of+temperature%2C+wind%2C+fans%2C+and+windows.&rft.au=Wallace%2C+L+A%3BEmmerich%2C+S+J%3BHoward-Reed%2C+C&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=296&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-09-06 N1 - Date created - 2002-06-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Frequency of mouthing behavior in young children. AN - 71856582; 12087432 AB - Young children may be more likely than adults to be exposed to pesticides following a residential application as a result of hand- and object-to-mouth contacts in contaminated areas. However, relatively few studies have specifically evaluated mouthing behavior in children less than 5 years of age. Previously unpublished data collected by the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCRC) were analyzed to assess the mouthing behavior of 72 children (37 males/35 females). Total mouthing behavior data included the daily frequency of both mouth and tongue contacts with hands, other body parts, surfaces, natural objects, and toys. Eating events were excluded. Children ranged in age from 11 to 60 months. Observations for more than 1 day were available for 78% of the children. The total data set was disaggregated by gender into five age groups (10-20, 20-30, 30-40, 40-50, 50-60 months). Statistical analyses of the data were then undertaken to determine if significant differences existed among the age/gender subgroups in the sample. A mixed effects linear model was used to test the associations among age, gender, and mouthing frequencies. Subjects were treated as random and independent, and intrasubject variability was accounted for with an autocorrelation function. Results indicated that there was no association between mouthing frequency and gender. However, a clear relationship was observed between mouthing frequency and age. Using a tree analysis, two distinct groups could be identified: children 24 months of age. Children 24 months exhibited the lowest frequency of mouthing behavior with 42+/-4 events/h (n=44 subjects, 117 observations). These results suggest that children are less likely to place objects into their mouths as they age. These changes in mouthing behavior as a child ages should be accounted for when assessing aggregate exposure to pesticides in the residential environment. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Tulve, Nicolle S AU - Suggs, Jack C AU - McCurdy, Thomas AU - Cohen Hubal, Elaine A AU - Moya, Jacqueline AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, US EPA, MD-E20504, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA. tulve.nicolle@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - July 2002 SP - 259 EP - 264 VL - 12 IS - 4 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Pesticide Residues KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Infant KW - Age Factors KW - Sex Factors KW - Humans KW - Motor Activity KW - Male KW - Female KW - Risk Assessment KW - Child, Preschool KW - Child Behavior KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Hand KW - Pesticide Residues -- analysis KW - Mouth UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71856582?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Frequency+of+mouthing+behavior+in+young+children.&rft.au=Tulve%2C+Nicolle+S%3BSuggs%2C+Jack+C%3BMcCurdy%2C+Thomas%3BCohen+Hubal%2C+Elaine+A%3BMoya%2C+Jacqueline&rft.aulast=Tulve&rft.aufirst=Nicolle&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=259&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-09-06 N1 - Date created - 2002-06-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vitellogenin mRNA regulation and plasma clearance in male sheepshead minnows, (Cyprinodon variegatus) after cessation of exposure to 17 beta-estradiol and p-nonylphenol. AN - 71815399; 12062157 AB - Research was conducted to determine the kinetics of hepatic vitellogenin (VTG) mRNA regulation and plasma VTG accumulation and clearance in male sheepshead minnows (Cyprinodon variegatus) during and after cessation of exposure to either 17 beta-estradiol (E2) or para-nonylphenol (NP). Adult fish were continuously exposed to aqueous measured concentrations of 0.089 and 0.71 microg E2 per l, and 5.6 and 59.6 microg NP per l for 16 days using an intermittent flow-through dosing apparatus. Fish were sampled on days 8 and 16 of exposure followed by sampling at discrete intervals for up to 96 days post-exposure. At each interval five fish were randomly sampled from each concentration and hepatic VTG mRNA and serum VTG levels for individual fish determined by slot blot and direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Exposure to E2 and NP resulted in a dose dependent increase in hepatic VTG mRNA and plasma VTG over the course of the 16-day exposure period. Mean plasma VTG levels at day 16 were >100 mg/ml for both high doses of E2 and NP, and >20 mg/ml for the low exposure treatments. Within 8 days post-exposure, hepatic VTG mRNA levels returned to baseline in both high and low E2 treatments but remained elevated 2-4 fold in the NP treatments. Due to a shortened sampling period, a clearance rate for plasma VTG in the 5.6 microg NP per l treatment could not determined. In the 0.089, 0.71 microg E2 per l, and 59.6 microg NP per l treatments, VTG levels began decreasing within 4 days after exposure cessation and exhibited an exponential rate of elimination from plasma. Clearance rates for 0.71 microg E2 per l and 59.6 microg NP per l were not significantly different (P=0.47), however, both demonstrated significantly higher rates of clearance (P<0.02) than observed in the 0.089 microg E2 per l treatment. Our results indicate that hepatic VTG mRNA rapidly diminishes after cessation of estrogenic exposure in sheepshead minnows, but plasma VTG clearance is concentration and time dependent and may be detected at measurable levels for months after initial exposure to an estrogenic compound. JF - Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) AU - Hemmer, Michael J AU - Bowman, Christopher J AU - Hemmer, Becky L AU - Friedman, Stephanie D AU - Marcovich, Dragoslav AU - Kroll, Kevin J AU - Denslow, Nancy D AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA. hemmer.michael@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - July 2002 SP - 99 EP - 112 VL - 58 IS - 1-2 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - Phenols KW - 0 KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Vitellogenins KW - Estradiol KW - 4TI98Z838E KW - nonylphenol KW - 79F6A2ILP5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay -- veterinary KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Gene Expression Regulation KW - Male KW - Cyprinidae -- metabolism KW - Estradiol -- toxicity KW - Vitellogenins -- metabolism KW - Phenols -- toxicity KW - Vitellogenins -- genetics KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71815399?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+toxicology+%28Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands%29&rft.atitle=Vitellogenin+mRNA+regulation+and+plasma+clearance+in+male+sheepshead+minnows%2C+%28Cyprinodon+variegatus%29+after+cessation+of+exposure+to+17+beta-estradiol+and+p-nonylphenol.&rft.au=Hemmer%2C+Michael+J%3BBowman%2C+Christopher+J%3BHemmer%2C+Becky+L%3BFriedman%2C+Stephanie+D%3BMarcovich%2C+Dragoslav%3BKroll%2C+Kevin+J%3BDenslow%2C+Nancy+D&rft.aulast=Hemmer&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+toxicology+%28Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands%29&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-09-19 N1 - Date created - 2002-06-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence for the involvement of CYP1A2 in the metabolism of bromodichloromethane in rat liver. AN - 71813799; 12062927 AB - Bromodichloromethane (BDCM) is a drinking water disinfectant by-product that has been implicated in liver, kidney and intestinal cancers in rodents and in intestinal tumors and low birth weight effects in humans. BDCM is also hepatotoxic and requires metabolic activation for both toxicity and carcinogenicity. We have recently reported that CYP1A2 may participate in that metabolism and we now report experiments to support that implication. Induction of CYP1A2 in male F344 rats without inducing CYP2E1 or CYP2B1/2, using TCDD, increased the hepatotoxicity of BDCM when compared to earlier work conducted under similar protocols. Inhibition of CYP1A2, with isosafrole, reduced the metabolism and toxicity of BDCM in the previously induced rats. In addition, specific activities and Western blots for these CYP isoenzymes were measured 24 h after exposure. Activity data show that only CYP1A2 was inhibited by isosafrole; isosafrole forms a complex with CYP1A2 that persists for more than 24 h. Western blot results generally agree with the activity data except that isosafrole induced the protein for all isoenzymes measured. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model, developed previously, estimated that BDCM metabolism was complete about 7 h after gavage dosing. It is noteworthy that the reduction in CYP1A2 activity was still measurable despite the production of additional CYP1A2 protein during the period of approximately 18 h after BDCM metabolism was complete. These results demonstrate that CYP1A2 does metabolize BDCM and does contribute to hepatotoxicity under certain conditions. JF - Toxicology AU - Allis, John W AU - Anderson, Brian P AU - Zhao, Guangyu AU - Ross, Tracey M AU - Pegram, Rex A AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27607, USA. Y1 - 2002/07/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 01 SP - 25 EP - 37 VL - 176 IS - 1-2 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Bromides KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens KW - Drug Combinations KW - Isoenzymes KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Trihalomethanes KW - bromodichloromethane KW - 7LN464CH2O KW - isosafrole KW - 94BY31ALL6 KW - L-Iditol 2-Dehydrogenase KW - EC 1.1.1.14 KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Alanine Transaminase KW - EC 2.6.1.2 KW - Safrole KW - RSB34337V9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Bromides -- blood KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Safrole -- pharmacology KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- pharmacology KW - Models, Biological KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Alanine Transaminase -- blood KW - Blotting, Western KW - L-Iditol 2-Dehydrogenase -- blood KW - Isoenzymes -- biosynthesis KW - Microsomes, Liver -- enzymology KW - Microsomes, Liver -- drug effects KW - Enzyme Induction KW - Male KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Carcinogens -- metabolism KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Trihalomethanes -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 -- biosynthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71813799?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Evidence+for+the+involvement+of+CYP1A2+in+the+metabolism+of+bromodichloromethane+in+rat+liver.&rft.au=Allis%2C+John+W%3BAnderson%2C+Brian+P%3BZhao%2C+Guangyu%3BRoss%2C+Tracey+M%3BPegram%2C+Rex+A&rft.aulast=Allis&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=176&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-07 N1 - Date created - 2002-06-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rate and capacity of hepatic microsomal ring-hydroxylation of phenol to hydroquinone and catechol in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). AN - 71813009; 12062932 AB - Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) liver microsomes were used to study the rate of ring-hydroxylation of phenol at 11 and 25 degrees C by directly measuring the production of two potentially toxic metabolites, hydroquinone (HQ) and catechol (CAT). An HPLC method with integrated ultraviolet and electrochemical detection was used for metabolite identification and quantification at low (pmol) formation rates found in fish. The Michaelis-Menten saturation kinetics for the production of HQ and CAT over a range of phenol concentrations were determined at trout physiological pH. The apparent Km's for the production of HQ and CAT at 11 degrees C were 14+/-1 and 10+/-1 mM, respectively, with Vmax's of 552+/-71 and 161+/-15 pmol/min per mg protein. The kinetic parameters for HQ and CAT at 25 degrees C were 22+/-1 and 32+/-3 mM (Km) and 1752+/-175 and 940+/-73 pmol/min per mg protein (Vmax), respectively. The calculated increase in metabolic rate per 10 degrees C temperature rise (Q(10)) was 2.28 for HQ and 3.53 for CAT production. These experiments assess the potential for metabolic bioactivation in fish through direct quantification of putative reactive metabolites at the low, but toxicologically significant, chemical concentrations found in aquatic organisms. This work initiates a series of studies to compare activation pathway, rate, and capacity across fish species, providing a basis for development of biologically-based dose response models in diverse species. JF - Toxicology AU - Kolanczyk, Richard C AU - Schmieder, Patricia K AD - Mid-Continent Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804, USA. kolanczyk.rick@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/07/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 01 SP - 77 EP - 90 VL - 176 IS - 1-2 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Catechols KW - 0 KW - Hydroquinones KW - Phenol KW - 339NCG44TV KW - catechol KW - LF3AJ089DQ KW - hydroquinone KW - XV74C1N1AE KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Biotransformation KW - Kinetics KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Hydroxylation KW - Oncorhynchus mykiss -- physiology KW - Hydroquinones -- metabolism KW - Phenol -- metabolism KW - Catechols -- metabolism KW - Microsomes, Liver -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71813009?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Rate+and+capacity+of+hepatic+microsomal+ring-hydroxylation+of+phenol+to+hydroquinone+and+catechol+in+rainbow+trout+%28Oncorhynchus+mykiss%29.&rft.au=Kolanczyk%2C+Richard+C%3BSchmieder%2C+Patricia+K&rft.aulast=Kolanczyk&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=176&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-07 N1 - Date created - 2002-06-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparison of Haber's rule at different ages using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for chloroform in rats. AN - 71812304; 12062926 AB - Haber's rule as commonly interpreted in inhalation toxicology, can be stated as exposure concentration times duration equals a constant biological effect, or C x t=k. In other words, identical products of concentration and duration lead to the same effect. The goals of this paper are to develop a biological and pharmacokinetic modeling approach for chloroform, and to evaluate Haber's rule for different ages by taking into account the physiological changes due to growth and aging in rats. Three-dimensional dose-response surfaces for liver toxicity were generated for each age group of interest: adolescent, adult, and senescent rats. The three-dimensional surfaces were then characterized with a generalized description of Haber's rule for each age group. The simulations suggest that adolescent rats need higher exposure levels in order to achieve similar levels of liver damage compared to adults or senescent rats, if the comparison is made using the same exposure length. In summary, a pharmacokinetic modeling approach with a biological framework including the chemical's mode of action, was used to relate concentration, exposure duration and effect. Major advantages of this approach include: the potential ability to extrapolate to humans, the inclusion of aging in the simulations, and the ability to summarize the results using a generalized form of Haber's rule. JF - Toxicology AU - Evans, M V AU - Boyes, W K AU - Simmons, J E AU - Litton, D K AU - Easterling, M R AD - USEPA, ORD, NHEERL, ETD, PKB, MD 74, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 2002/07/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 01 SP - 11 EP - 23 VL - 176 IS - 1-2 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Chloroform KW - 7V31YC746X KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Liver -- growth & development KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Models, Biological KW - Aging -- physiology KW - Chloroform -- administration & dosage KW - Inhalation Exposure KW - Chloroform -- toxicity KW - Chloroform -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71812304?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=A+comparison+of+Haber%27s+rule+at+different+ages+using+a+physiologically+based+pharmacokinetic+%28PBPK%29+model+for+chloroform+in+rats.&rft.au=Evans%2C+M+V%3BBoyes%2C+W+K%3BSimmons%2C+J+E%3BLitton%2C+D+K%3BEasterling%2C+M+R&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=176&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-07 N1 - Date created - 2002-06-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Overexpression of extracellular superoxide dismutase decreases lung injury after exposure to oil fly ash. AN - 71811878; 12060579 AB - The mechanism of tissue injury after exposure to air pollution particles is not known. The biological effect has been postulated to be mediated via an oxidative stress catalyzed by metals present in particulate matter (PM). We utilized a transgenic (Tg) mouse model that overexpresses extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) to test the hypothesis that lung injury after exposure to PM results from an oxidative stress in the lower respiratory tract. Wild-type (Wt) and Tg mice were intratracheally instilled with either saline or 50 microg of residual oil fly ash (ROFA). Twenty-four hours later, specimens were obtained and included bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and lung for both homogenization and light histopathology. After ROFA exposure, EC-SOD Tg mice showed a significant reduction in BAL total cell counts (composed primarily of neutrophils) and BAL total protein compared with Wt. EC-SOD animals also demonstrated diminished concentrations of inflammatory mediators in BAL. There was no statistically significant difference in BAL lipid peroxidation; however, EC-SOD mice had lower concentrations of oxidized glutathione in the BAL. We conclude that enhanced EC-SOD expression decreased both lung inflammation and damage after exposure to ROFA. This supports a participation of oxidative stress in the inflammatory injury after PM exposure rather than reflecting a response to metals alone. JF - American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology AU - Ghio, Andrew J AU - Suliman, Hagir B AU - Carter, Jacqueline D AU - Abushamaa, Amir M AU - Folz, Rodney J AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - July 2002 SP - L211 EP - L218 VL - 283 IS - 1 SN - 1040-0605, 1040-0605 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Coal Ash KW - Free Radicals KW - Particulate Matter KW - Vanadium KW - 00J9J9XKDE KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - Superoxide Dismutase KW - EC 1.15.1.1 KW - Glutathione KW - GAN16C9B8O KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Neutrophils -- immunology KW - Mice KW - Mice, Transgenic KW - Free Radicals -- metabolism KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- immunology KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- chemistry KW - Glutathione -- analysis KW - Oxidative Stress -- drug effects KW - Vanadium -- pharmacology KW - Carbon -- pharmacology KW - Air Pollutants -- pharmacology KW - Lung Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Lung Diseases -- metabolism KW - Superoxide Dismutase -- genetics KW - Lung Diseases -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71811878?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+physiology.+Lung+cellular+and+molecular+physiology&rft.atitle=Overexpression+of+extracellular+superoxide+dismutase+decreases+lung+injury+after+exposure+to+oil+fly+ash.&rft.au=Ghio%2C+Andrew+J%3BSuliman%2C+Hagir+B%3BCarter%2C+Jacqueline+D%3BAbushamaa%2C+Amir+M%3BFolz%2C+Rodney+J&rft.aulast=Ghio&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=283&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=L211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+physiology.+Lung+cellular+and+molecular+physiology&rft.issn=10400605&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-07-19 N1 - Date created - 2002-06-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An evaluation of the use of colonized periphyton as an indicator of wastewater impact in near-coastal areas of the Gulf of Mexico. AN - 71782240; 12045869 AB - Receiving water impacts of point source discharges to the Gulf of Mexico are seldom reported on indigenous flora. The objective of this research was to evaluate the ability of colonized periphyton to provide this information. Water quality and biomass and pigment concentrations of the periphyton were determined at 27 stations located above and below 8 wastewater discharges. Most physicochemical parameters and concentrations of pesticides and PCBs were either unchanged or below detection in the receiving waters, which contrasted occasional increases in concentrations of several trace metals and nutrients. The response of the periphyton was specific to the wastewater, colonization station, response parameter, and colonization period. Statistically significant differences in biomass and pigment content occurred for at least one colonization station located below each of the eight outfalls. This represented a total of 18 of the 21 stations located in wastewater-impacted areas. Phytostimulation was more common than inhibition. Ash-free dry weight increased, on average, by 181% (+/- 1 SD = 123%) and chlorophyll a increased by 356% (+/- 593%) in wastewater-impacted areas. The in situ phytostimulation paralleled the stimulatory trend observed in standardized NPDES whole effluent tests conducted with cultured microalgae for four of eight wastewaters. The use of colonized periphyton as an indicator of wastewater impact was not simple. Spatial variation in response needs consideration to ensure relevancy of the results if this assessment methodology is used for near-coastal wastewater hazard evaluations. JF - Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Lewis, M A AU - Weber, D L AU - Moore, J C AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561-5299, USA. lewis.michael@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - July 2002 SP - 11 EP - 18 VL - 43 IS - 1 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Water Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Ecosystem KW - Water Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Population Dynamics KW - Biomass KW - Risk Assessment KW - Waste Disposal, Fluid KW - Eukaryota KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71782240?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=An+evaluation+of+the+use+of+colonized+periphyton+as+an+indicator+of+wastewater+impact+in+near-coastal+areas+of+the+Gulf+of+Mexico.&rft.au=Lewis%2C+M+A%3BWeber%2C+D+L%3BMoore%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-09-10 N1 - Date created - 2002-06-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Testing the State Environmental Protection Literature in a Nonregulatory Policy Arena: Implementation of Pollution Prevention Policy in California and Colorado AN - 60612921; 200308511 AB - Despite the litany of studies examining state environmental protection efforts, few studies have examined environmental policy arenas where target compliance is voluntary & incentives based rather than mandatory & command-&-control. One such nonregulatory approach is pollution prevention policy, an alternative environmental protection strategy that shifts the focus from downstream mitigation strategies to upstream reduction strategies. This article uses the extant policy literature to analyze implementation of pollution prevention policy in CA & CO. The findings indicate that the extant environmental protection literature produces mixed results, when applied to the pollution prevention policy arena. Of the five variables tested, only three produced findings consistent with previous research, suggesting that nonregulatory policy arenas differ enough from regulatory policy arenas that they require different causal explanations. 31 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - The Social Science Journal AU - Burnett, Miles L AD - Office Legislation, Dept Toxic Substance Control, California Environmental Protection Agency, Sacramento mburnett@dtsc.ca.gov Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - July 2002 SP - 333 EP - 347 VL - 39 IS - 3 SN - 0362-3319, 0362-3319 KW - California KW - Environmental Policy KW - Environmental Protection KW - Colorado KW - Policy Implementation KW - article KW - 9261: public policy/administration; public policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60612921?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Social+Science+Journal&rft.atitle=Testing+the+State+Environmental+Protection+Literature+in+a+Nonregulatory+Policy+Arena%3A+Implementation+of+Pollution+Prevention+Policy+in+California+and+Colorado&rft.au=Burnett%2C+Miles+L&rft.aulast=Burnett&rft.aufirst=Miles&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=333&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Social+Science+Journal&rft.issn=03623319&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - SSSCDH N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental Policy; Policy Implementation; Environmental Protection; California; Colorado ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Absorbance, absorption coefficient, and apparent quantum yield; a comment on common ambiguity in the use of these optical concepts AN - 52058129; 2002-072417 JF - Limnology and Oceanography AU - Hu, Chuanmin AU - Muller-Karger, Frank E AU - Zepp, Richard G Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - July 2002 SP - 1261 EP - 1267 PB - American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Ann Arbor, MI VL - 47 IS - 4 SN - 0024-3590, 0024-3590 KW - water KW - inner filter effect KW - nomenclature KW - sea water KW - definition KW - photochemistry KW - absorbance KW - oceanography KW - absorption KW - optical properties KW - sampling KW - apparent quantum yield KW - absorption coefficient KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52058129?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Limnology+and+Oceanography&rft.atitle=Absorbance%2C+absorption+coefficient%2C+and+apparent+quantum+yield%3B+a+comment+on+common+ambiguity+in+the+use+of+these+optical+concepts&rft.au=Hu%2C+Chuanmin%3BMuller-Karger%2C+Frank+E%3BZepp%2C+Richard+G&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Chuanmin&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Limnology+and+Oceanography&rft.issn=00243590&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://aslo.org/lo/toc/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - LIOCAH N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absorbance; absorption; absorption coefficient; apparent quantum yield; definition; inner filter effect; nomenclature; oceanography; optical properties; photochemistry; sampling; sea water; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - (super 18) O (sub SO4) and (super 18) O (sub H2O) as prospective indicators of elevated arsenic in the Goose River ground-watershed, Maine AN - 51181305; 2002-067054 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Sidle, W C Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - July 2002 SP - 350 EP - 359 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 42 IS - 4 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - Lincoln County Maine KW - igneous rocks KW - granites KW - enrichment KW - Bucksport Formation KW - watersheds KW - environmental analysis KW - drinking water KW - stable isotopes KW - iron KW - ground water KW - substrates KW - ferric iron KW - plutonic rocks KW - aeration KW - drainage basins KW - Waldoboro Granite KW - hydrology KW - bedrock KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - sulfate ion KW - Paleozoic KW - isotope ratios KW - Sagadahoc County Maine KW - oxidation KW - Goose River basin KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - O-18/O-16 KW - aquifers KW - S-34/S-32 KW - Goose River KW - dissolved oxygen KW - dissolved materials KW - metals KW - sulfur KW - pyrite KW - Maine KW - sulfides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51181305?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=%28super+18%29+O+%28sub+SO4%29+and+%28super+18%29+O+%28sub+H2O%29+as+prospective+indicators+of+elevated+arsenic+in+the+Goose+River+ground-watershed%2C+Maine&rft.au=Sidle%2C+W+C&rft.aulast=Sidle&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=350&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aeration; aquifers; arsenic; bedrock; Bucksport Formation; concentration; dissolved materials; dissolved oxygen; drainage basins; drinking water; enrichment; environmental analysis; ferric iron; Goose River; Goose River basin; granites; ground water; hydrology; igneous rocks; iron; isotope ratios; isotopes; Lincoln County Maine; Maine; metals; O-18/O-16; oxidation; oxygen; Paleozoic; plutonic rocks; pollution; pyrite; S-34/S-32; Sagadahoc County Maine; stable isotopes; substrates; sulfate ion; sulfides; sulfur; toxic materials; United States; Waldoboro Granite; water quality; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On-Road Emissions of PCDDs and PCDFs from Heavy Duty Diesel Vehicles AN - 27603905; 200308-31-0977 (CE); 200308-21-1245 (MT); 05532069 (EN) AB - This work characterized emission factors of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDDs/Fs) from on-road sampling of three heavy duty diesel vehicles (HDDVs) under experimental conditions of city and highway driving; idling operation; high ( > 400 ppm) and low ( < 5 ppm) sulfur (S) fuels; and high mileage and rebuilt engine testing. Emission factors, homologue profiles, and isomer patterns were compared to determine whether the experimental conditions had an impact on PCDD/F emissions, or whether these conditions were uninfluential in determining a fleet-representative emission factor. For a single HDDV tested under conditions of a high mileage engine, a newly rebuilt engine, and the newly rebuilt engine with low S diesel fuel, emission factors were 0.023 ( plus or minus 0.022), 0.008 ( plus or minus 0.002), and 0.016 ( plus or minus 0.013) ng toxic equivalency (TEQ)/km, respectively. These results may infer some limited condition-specific differences in PCDD/F emissions, but these differences do not appear to have a significant effect on the HDDV emission factor. An older HDDV with mechanical fuel controls resulted in a single test value of 0.164 ng TEQ/km, significantly higher than all other results. Observed differences in emission factors, homologue profiles, and TEQ-related isomer patterns from this on-vehicle sampling and others' tunnel sampling suggest limitations in our present characterization of fleet PCDD/F emissions. JF - Environmental Science and Technology AU - Gullett, B K AU - Ryan, J V AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division E305-01, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA gullett.brian@epa.gov PY - 2002 SP - 3036 EP - 3040 PB - American Chemical Society, 1155 16th St , NW, Washington, DC, 20036, USA VL - 36 IS - 13 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Mechanical & Transportation Engineering (MT); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Emission analysis KW - Sampling KW - Heavy duty trucks KW - Diesel engines KW - Fuel consumption KW - Control equipment KW - Highways KW - Sulfur KW - Equivalence KW - Diesel fuels KW - Driving conditions KW - Article KW - EE 20:Air Pollution: Monitoring, Control & Remediation (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/27603905?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=On-Road+Emissions+of+PCDDs+and+PCDFs+from+Heavy+Duty+Diesel+Vehicles&rft.au=Gullett%2C+B+K%3BRyan%2C+J+V&rft.aulast=Gullett&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=3036&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes011376v LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es011376v ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial Volatile Organic Compound Emission Rates and Exposure Model AN - 21073789; 11113606 AB - This paper presents the results from a study that exam ined microbial volatile organic compound (MVOC) emis sions from six fungi and one bacterial species ( Strepto myces spp.) commonly found in indoor environments. Data are presented on peak emission rates from inocu lated agar plates loaded with surface growth, ranging from 33.5 kg.m super(-2) per 24 h (Cladosporium sphaerosper mum)to 515 kg.m super(-2) per 24 h (Rhodotorula glutinis). Fur thermore, changes in MVOC emission levels during the growth cycle of two of the micro-organisms are exam ined. This report also includes a calculation of the impact of MVOC emissions on indoor air quality in a typical house and an application of an exposure model used in a typical school environment. JF - Indoor and Built Environment AU - Menetrez, MY AU - Foarde, K K AD - AirPollution Prevention and Control Division, US Environmental Protection Agency Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - Jul 2002 SP - 208 EP - 213 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 11 IS - 04 SN - 1420-326X, 1420-326X KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Pollution Abstracts KW - Indoor air KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - Bio-contaminants KW - Total volatile organic compounds KW - Microbial volatile organic compounds KW - Emission rates KW - Agar KW - Houses KW - Data processing KW - Housing KW - Indoor air pollution KW - Fungi KW - France, Pays de Loire, Sion KW - Models KW - Myc protein KW - schools KW - Emissions KW - Residential areas KW - volatile organic compounds KW - Cladosporium KW - Indoor environments KW - Rhodotorula glutinis KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - J 02400:Human Diseases KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals KW - K 03320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21073789?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+and+Built+Environment&rft.atitle=Microbial+Volatile+Organic+Compound+Emission+Rates+and+Exposure+Model&rft.au=Menetrez%2C+MY%3BFoarde%2C+K+K&rft.aulast=Menetrez&rft.aufirst=MY&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=04&rft.spage=208&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+and+Built+Environment&rft.issn=1420326X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F1420326X0201100405 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Myc protein; Agar; Houses; Data processing; Fungi; volatile organic compounds; Models; schools; Housing; Indoor air pollution; Residential areas; Emissions; Indoor environments; Volatile organic compounds; Cladosporium; Rhodotorula glutinis; France, Pays de Loire, Sion DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326X0201100405 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Health Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Mixtures: Current Practices and Future Directions AN - 20338490; 7394774 AB - The U.S. EPAs Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) program has initiated a health assessment for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) mixtures. The IRIS program develops EPA consensus scientific positions on potential human health effects from chronic exposure to chemicals. Currently, the IRIS database contains health assessments for the toxic effects of exposure to coke oven emissions, creosote, diesel emissions, and 15 individual PAH compounds. As a whole, these assessments do not consider issues related to the environmental occurrence of PAH compounds as complex mixtures. Risk assessment of PAH mixtures has been hindered by a lack of information on the composition and toxicity of specific mixtures, the components that contribute most to toxicity, and the interactions and differences in mode of action between components. The state-of-the-science has advanced considerably in the past decade and will play a key role in the development of the health assessment. Consideration of these issues led to an EPA-sponsored Workshop on Approaches to PAH Health Assessment in October 2001. The current practices of the EPA regarding the health assessment of PAH compounds and future directions of the agency are discussed in this article. JF - Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds AU - Flowers, L AU - Rieth, S H AU - Cogliano, V J AU - Foureman, G L AU - Hertzberg, R AU - Hofmann, E L AU - Murphy, D L AU - Nesnow, S AU - Schoeny, R S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., USA Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - Jul 2002 SP - 811 EP - 821 PB - Taylor & Francis Ltd., 11 New Fetter Lane London EC4P 4EE UK, [mailto:info@tandf.co.uk], [URL:http://www.tandf.co.uk] VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 1040-6638, 1040-6638 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - carcinogens KW - health assessment KW - IRIS KW - mixtures KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) KW - Chemicals KW - Risk assessment KW - EPA KW - USA KW - Aromatic compounds KW - Creosote KW - Emissions KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Coke KW - Toxicity KW - Information systems KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20338490?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Polycyclic+Aromatic+Compounds&rft.atitle=Health+Assessment+of+Polycyclic+Aromatic+Hydrocarbon+Mixtures%3A+Current+Practices+and+Future+Directions&rft.au=Flowers%2C+L%3BRieth%2C+S+H%3BCogliano%2C+V+J%3BFoureman%2C+G+L%3BHertzberg%2C+R%3BHofmann%2C+E+L%3BMurphy%2C+D+L%3BNesnow%2C+S%3BSchoeny%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Flowers&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=811&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Polycyclic+Aromatic+Compounds&rft.issn=10406638&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Chemicals; EPA; Aromatic compounds; Creosote; Emissions; Coke; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Toxicity; Information systems; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - American Creosote Site Case Study: Solidification/Stabilization of Dioxins, PCP, and Creosote for $64 per Cubic Yard AN - 19807818; 5467918 AB - Solidification/Stabilization (S/S) is a low-cost remedial technology that has been used extensively for decades to treat soil contaminated with metals on Superfund sites. Increasingly, it is being used with success to remediate sites that contain higher molecular weight organic compounds. This case study describes the development of S/S formations and their application to remediate the American Creosote Superfund Site in Jackson, Tennessee. The U.S. EPA National Risk Management Research Laboratory conducted successful treatability tests of innovative solidification/stabilization (S/S) formulations to treat soils contaminated with dioxins, pentachlorophenol (PCP), and creosote from four wood preserving sites. Formulations developed during these studies were successful in reducing the mobility (leaching) of contaminants of concern by 95% to 99%. For one of these sites, the American Creosote Superfund site in Jackson, Tennessee, the U.S. EPA, in cooperation with the State of Tennessee, conducted a successful remediation of 45,000 cubic yards during 1998 and 1999. The costs to excavate, treat, replace, and cap soil contaminated with dioxin, PCP, and creosote averaged $64 per cubic yard (about $40 ton). Formulations, design, operations, performance specifications, and costs are presented in this paper. JF - Environmental Progress AU - Bates, E R AU - Akindele, F AU - Sprinkle, D AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., MS 489, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - Jul 2002 SP - 79 EP - 84 VL - 21 IS - 2 SN - 0278-4491, 0278-4491 KW - creosote KW - pentachlorophenol KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Soil remediation KW - Metals KW - Leaching KW - Mobility KW - Superfund KW - Cooperation KW - USA, Tennessee, Jackson KW - Soil contamination KW - Dioxins KW - Soil pollution KW - Molecular weight KW - Economics KW - Organic compounds KW - Contaminants KW - Pentachlorophenol KW - Dioxin KW - Technology KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - X 24360:Metals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19807818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Progress&rft.atitle=American+Creosote+Site+Case+Study%3A+Solidification%2FStabilization+of+Dioxins%2C+PCP%2C+and+Creosote+for+%2464+per+Cubic+Yard&rft.au=Bates%2C+E+R%3BAkindele%2C+F%3BSprinkle%2C+D&rft.aulast=Bates&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Progress&rft.issn=02784491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil pollution; Metals; Leaching; Mobility; Cooperation; Molecular weight; creosote; Organic compounds; Contaminants; Pentachlorophenol; Dioxin; Soil remediation; Superfund; Economics; Soil contamination; Dioxins; Technology; USA, Tennessee, Jackson ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of Stereochemical Configurations of Cyclopenta[cd]pyrene DNA Adducts in Strain A/J Mouse Lung and C3H10T1/2CL8 Cells AN - 19646826; 7394785 AB - Four major and several minor DNA adducts were resolved by sub(32)P- postlabeling analysis of DNA from strain A/J mouse lung and C3H10T1/2CL8 (C3H10T1/2) mouse embryo fibroblasts treated with cyclopenta[cd]pyrene (CPP). The identical pattern of adducts was seen in vivo and in vitro. Cochromatography of synthetic resolved diastereomers of cis- and trans- N sub(2)-CPP-deoxyguanosine-3-phosphates with the in vivo adducts obtained from strain A/J mouse lung and in vitro adducts obtained from C3H10T1/2 cells allowed identification of the predominant DNA adduct as cis-(3R,4S)- N sub(2)-CPP-deoxyguanosine. The second most abundant adduct formed in vivo and in vitro was identified as trans-(3S,4S)-N sub(2)-CPP- deoxyguanosine. JF - Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds AU - Nelson, G AU - Ross, J AU - Prusiewicz, C M AU - Sangaiah, R AU - Gold, A AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, NHEERL, ORD, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - Jul 2002 SP - 923 EP - 931 PB - Taylor & Francis Ltd., 11 New Fetter Lane London EC4P 4EE UK, [mailto:info@tandf.co.uk], [URL:http://www.tandf.co.uk] VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 1040-6638, 1040-6638 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - cyclopenta[cd]pyrene KW - DNA adducts KW - Aromatic compounds KW - Lung KW - Embryo fibroblasts KW - Deoxyguanosine KW - N 14820:DNA Metabolism & Structure KW - X 24300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19646826?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Polycyclic+Aromatic+Compounds&rft.atitle=Identification+of+Stereochemical+Configurations+of+Cyclopenta%5Bcd%5Dpyrene+DNA+Adducts+in+Strain+A%2FJ+Mouse+Lung+and+C3H10T1%2F2CL8+Cells&rft.au=Nelson%2C+G%3BRoss%2C+J%3BPrusiewicz%2C+C+M%3BSangaiah%2C+R%3BGold%2C+A&rft.aulast=Nelson&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=923&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Polycyclic+Aromatic+Compounds&rft.issn=10406638&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA adducts; Aromatic compounds; Lung; Embryo fibroblasts; Deoxyguanosine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of the Route of Administration on the Induction of Cytogenetic Damage and DNA Adducts in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes of Rats and Mice by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons AN - 19644349; 7394777 AB - Experiments were designed to investigate how the route of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in mice and rats affects the induction of cytogenetic end points and DNA adduction. Both mice and rats were exposed to 100 mg/kg of benz[a]anthracene (B[a]A), benzo[b]fluoranthene (B[b]F), benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), or chrysene (Chr) by gavage or by intraperitoneal injection (i.p.). Peripheral blood was removed by cardiac puncture 7 days after PAH administration. Blood samples were analyzed in parallel for sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequency, the frequency of micronuclei in cytochalasin B-induced binucleate cells (MN sub(bn)), and DNA adduction using 32P-postlabeling. The i.p. route of exposure produced both the highest levels of cytogenetic damage and DNA adducts for each PAH. The mouse was more sensitive than the rat to PAH exposure as measured by SCE induction and the total amount of DNA adducts/mug DNA. JF - Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds AU - Kligerman, A D AU - Nelson, G B AU - Ross, J A AU - Erexson, G L AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, NHEERL, ORD, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - Jul 2002 SP - 841 EP - 851 PB - Taylor & Francis Ltd., 11 New Fetter Lane London EC4P 4EE UK, [mailto:info@tandf.co.uk], [URL:http://www.tandf.co.uk] VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 1040-6638, 1040-6638 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Immunology Abstracts KW - benz[a]anthracene KW - benzo[a]pyrene KW - benzo[b]fluoranthene KW - chrysene KW - DNA adduct KW - micronucleus KW - sister chromatid exchange KW - Heart KW - DNA adducts KW - Chrysene KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Aromatic compounds KW - Sister chromatid exchange KW - Micronuclei KW - Peripheral blood KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - Lymphocytes KW - F 06955:Immunomodulation & Immunopharmacology KW - N 14820:DNA Metabolism & Structure KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19644349?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Polycyclic+Aromatic+Compounds&rft.atitle=Effect+of+the+Route+of+Administration+on+the+Induction+of+Cytogenetic+Damage+and+DNA+Adducts+in+Peripheral+Blood+Lymphocytes+of+Rats+and+Mice+by+Polycyclic+Aromatic+Hydrocarbons&rft.au=Kligerman%2C+A+D%3BNelson%2C+G+B%3BRoss%2C+J+A%3BErexson%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Kligerman&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=841&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Polycyclic+Aromatic+Compounds&rft.issn=10406638&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Heart; Chrysene; DNA adducts; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Aromatic compounds; Sister chromatid exchange; Micronuclei; Benzo(a)pyrene; Peripheral blood; Lymphocytes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil nitrogen transformations and the role of light fraction organic matter in forest soils AN - 18704613; 5599861 AB - Depletion of soil organic matter through management activities can alter substrate availability for microbes, potentially shifting the dynamic balance between nitrogen (N) immobilization and mineralization. Soil light fraction (LF) organic matter is a reactive pool that decreases upon cultivation of forest soils, and recovers slowly after agricultural abandonment. Here we examine the hypothesis that rapid incorporation of N into the relatively young and reactive LF organic matter is an important mechanism for the retention of added inorganic N in forest soils. We determined the incorporation of super(15)N-ammonium and super(15)N-nitrate into the LF (<1.75 g cm super(-3)) and heavy fraction (HF) after 18 h, after removing KCl-extractable ammonium and nitrate. We also measured gross N transformations in forest soils with different agricultural land-use history and present-day vegetation at Harvard Forest, USA. The LF was a strong short-term sink for N, incorporating an average of 39% of added ammonium and 17% of added nitrate after an 18 h incubation. The HF was a small sink (<5%) for added N. Less than 15% of added super(15)N was recovered in the exchangeable pools after 18 h. Tracer recovery was only 40-60% of the super(15)N added, suggesting a rapid conversion into soluble organic compounds not measured in the KCl or metatungstate solution. The LF incorporated more super(15)N than the HF per unit of carbon, indicating that not simply the amount but the composition of organic matter controls its function as a site for N incorporation. Gross production was 1-8 mg ammonium-N kg super(-1) soil d super(-1) and <0.1-1 mg nitrate-N kg super(-1) soil d super(-1) and was unrelated to soil moisture. In contrast, low soil moisture was associated with strongly reduced gross microbial immobilization. The LF organic matter was the most important measured short-term sink for inorganic N, and may play a key role in the rapid immobilization of N in forest soils. Changes in the size and nature of the soil LF organic matter could have important implications for N dynamics in many soils. JF - Soil Biology and Biochemistry AU - Compton, JE AU - Boone, R D AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Western Ecology Division, 200 SW 35th Street, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA, compton.jana@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - Jul 2002 SP - 933 EP - 943 VL - 34 IS - 7 SN - 0038-0717, 0038-0717 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04600:Soil UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18704613?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Biology+and+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Soil+nitrogen+transformations+and+the+role+of+light+fraction+organic+matter+in+forest+soils&rft.au=Compton%2C+JE%3BBoone%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Compton&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=933&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Biology+and+Biochemistry&rft.issn=00380717&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Apartment Residents' and Day Care Workers' Exposures to Tetrachloroethylene and Deficits in Visual Contrast Sensitivity AN - 18493986; 5456511 AB - Tetrachloroethylene (also called perchloroethylene, or perc), a volatile organic compound, has been the predominant solvent used by the dry-cleaning industry for many years. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) classified perc as a hazardous air pollutant because of its potential adverse impact on human health. Several occupational studies have indicated that chronic, airborne perc exposure adversely affects neurobehavioral functions in workers, particularly visual color discrimination and tasks dependent on rapid visual-information processing. A 1995 study by Altmann and colleagues extended these findings, indicating that environmental perc exposure at a mean level of 4,980 mu g/m super(3) (median=1,360 mu g/m super(3)) alters neurobehavioral functions in residents living near dry-cleaning facilities. Although the U.S. EPA has not yet set a reference concentration guideline level for environmental exposure to airborne perc, the New York State Department of Health set an air quality guideline of 100 mu g/m super(3). In the current residential study, we investigated the potential for perc exposure and neurologic effects, using a battery of visual-system function tests, among healthy members of six families living in two apartment buildings in New York City that contained dry-cleaning facilities on the ground floors. In addition, a day care investigation assessed the potential for perc exposure and effects among workers at a day care center located in the same one-story building as a dry-cleaning facility. Results from the residential study showed a mean exposure level of 778 mu g/m super(3) perc in indoor air for a mean of 5.8 years, and that perc levels in breath, blood, and urine were 1-2 orders of magnitude in excess of background values. Group-mean visual contrast sensitivity (VCS), a measure of the ability to detect visual patterns, was significantly reduced in the 17 exposed study participants relative to unexposed matched-control participants. The groups did not differ in visual acuity, suggesting that the VCS deficit was of neurologic origin. Healthy workers in the day care investigation were chronically exposed to airborne perc at a mean of 2,150 mu g/m super(3) for a mean of 4.0 years. Again, group-mean VCS, measured 6 weeks after exposure cessation, was significantly reduced in the nine exposed workers relative to matched controls, and the groups did not differ significantly in visual acuity. These results suggested that chronic, environmental exposure to airborne perc adversely affects neurobehavioral function in healthy individuals. Further research is needed to assess the susceptibility of the young and elderly to perc-induced effects, to determine whether persistent solvent-induced VCS deficits are a risk factor for the development of neurologic disease, and to identify the no observable adverse effect level for chronic, environmental, perc exposure in humans. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Schreiber, J S AU - Hudnell, H K AU - Geller, A M AU - House, DE AU - Aldous, K M AU - Force AU - Langguth, K AU - Prohonic, E J AU - Parker, J C AD - MD-74B, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, hudnell.ken@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - Jul 2002 SP - 655 EP - 664 VL - 110 IS - 7 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - day care KW - man KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - visual-system function tests KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18493986?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Apartment+Residents%27+and+Day+Care+Workers%27+Exposures+to+Tetrachloroethylene+and+Deficits+in+Visual+Contrast+Sensitivity&rft.au=Schreiber%2C+J+S%3BHudnell%2C+H+K%3BGeller%2C+A+M%3BHouse%2C+DE%3BAldous%2C+K+M%3BForce%3BLangguth%2C+K%3BProhonic%2C+E+J%3BParker%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Schreiber&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=655&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bromochloroacetic Acid Exerts Qualitative Effects on Rat Sperm: Implications for a Novel Biomarker AN - 18446450; 5419948 AB - Disubstituted haloacid by-products of drinking water disinfection such as dibromoacetic acid and dichloroacetic acid have been shown to perturb spermatogenesis and fertility in adult male rats. In the present study we sought to establish whether equimolar exposure to bromochloroacetic acid (BCA), a prevalent by-product in finished drinking water, is also capable of disrupting these endpoints, and if so to determine whether the novel biomarker of fertility (SP22) would be correlated with subfertility induced by testicular toxicity. A dose range finding study indicated that body weight was not affected by exposure to 14 daily doses of 72 mg/kg BCA while numerous male reproductive parameters were altered, including decreases in the number and progressive motility of cauda epididymal sperm. In addition, there was an increased incidence of delayed spermiation in the testes of males exposed to 72 mg/kg BCA. In the definitive study, exposures ranged from 8 to 72 mg/kg, the fertility of cauda epididymal sperm was evaluated by in utero insemination, and the two-dimensional profile of cauda sperm membrane proteins was evaluated quantitatively. The morphology of both caput and cauda epididymal sperm was altered by 72 mg/kg BCA. The fertility of cauda epididymal sperm, the percentages of progressively motile sperm and progressive tracks, and two sperm membrane proteins (SP22 and SP9) were decreased significantly by each BCA exposure. While the two sperm proteins and the two measures of progressive motility were each significantly correlated with fertility, only one of these measures (i.e., SP22) had an r value of greater than 0.5. When data for SP22 and fertility were fit to a nonlinear model, r super(2) was 0.84. Using this exposure paradigm, the no-observed-effect level for BCA is less than 8 mg/kg. Moreover, SP22 may be useful in predicting compromised fertility after exposure to by-products of drinking water disinfection. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Klinefelter, G R AU - Strader, L F AU - Suarez, J D AU - Roberts, N L AD - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Reproductive Toxicology Division, MD #72, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - Jul 2002 SP - 164 EP - 173 VL - 68 IS - 1 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - bromochloroacetic acid KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24154:Pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18446450?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Bromochloroacetic+Acid+Exerts+Qualitative+Effects+on+Rat+Sperm%3A+Implications+for+a+Novel+Biomarker&rft.au=Klinefelter%2C+G+R%3BStrader%2C+L+F%3BSuarez%2C+J+D%3BRoberts%2C+N+L&rft.aulast=Klinefelter&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=164&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neurobehavioral Assessments of Rats Perinatally Exposed to a Commercial Mixture of Polychlorinated Biphenyls AN - 18441618; 5419945 AB - Because of behavioral deficits associated with gestational exposure to PCBs in children, we sought to quantify neurobehavioral effects of perinatal exposure to Aroclor 1254 registered (A1254), a commercial mixture of PCBs, in rats. Pregnant Long-Evans rats were fed A1254 at doses of 0, 1.0, or 6.0 mg/kg/day throughout gestation and nursing. The growth and behavior of their male and female offspring were assessed both during development and as adults, using a variety of behavioral tests that included a neurobehavioral screening battery (functional observational battery [FOB] and automated tests of locomotor activity), habituation of motor activity, acquisition of a visual discrimination, and performance of a visual signal-detection task. During the suckling period, A1254 at 6 mg/kg reduced survival and body weight gain of offspring of both sexes; however, locomotor activity was unaffected, and only small and transient changes in other measures were evident. In adulthood, perinatal exposure to A1254 did not affect habituation of locomotor activity, acquisition of the visual discrimination, or sustained attention. Rats performing the signal-detection task were challenged with cocaine (0, 1.25, 2.5, 5.0 mg/kg) and haloperidol (0, 0.003, 0.010, 0.030 mg/kg) to probe the integrity of dopaminergic systems in the central nervous system (CNS). A1254 did not alter the impairment of attention caused by haloperidol. Cocaine reduced false alarms more in controls than in rats exposed to A1254, but the effect was not clearly related to the dose of A1254. Perinatal exposure to this commercial PCB mixture had very little effect on these tests of behavior during development and in adulthood. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Bushnell, P J AU - Moser, V C AU - MacPhail, R C AU - Oshiro, WM AU - Derr-Yellin, E C AU - Phillips, P M AU - Kodavanti, PRS AD - Neurobehavioral Toxicology Branch and Cellular and Molecular Toxicology Branch, Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - Jul 2002 SP - 109 EP - 120 VL - 68 IS - 1 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - chronic exposure KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18441618?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Neurobehavioral+Assessments+of+Rats+Perinatally+Exposed+to+a+Commercial+Mixture+of+Polychlorinated+Biphenyls&rft.au=Bushnell%2C+P+J%3BMoser%2C+V+C%3BMacPhail%2C+R+C%3BOshiro%2C+WM%3BDerr-Yellin%2C+E+C%3BPhillips%2C+P+M%3BKodavanti%2C+PRS&rft.aulast=Bushnell&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-Term Performance Monitoring at Natural Attenuation Site AN - 16155254; 5449298 AB - Long-term monitoring is an integral part of the natural attenuation remediation process. It is needed to monitor the migration of a contaminated groundwater plume over time and to evaluate the extent of natural remediation that is occurring. It involves the placement of four types of monitoring wells: up-gradient, side-gradient, impacted source, and down-gradient wells. The monitoring of groundwater samples from these wells should provide information to evaluate if the objectives of the natural attenuation process are being met. The sampling analytical plan depends upon the type of contaminants involved. The frequency of sampling should be sufficient to detect in a timely manner any changes in plume contaminant degradation behavior. It should also be flexible enough to make changes, should there be a need. The monitoring program should be continued until the objectives of the natural attenuation process have been met, and possibly longer, if necessary, to ensure that health and environment threats are protected. If during the monitoring process the plume behavior is found to change for the worse (i.e., plume migration is faster or further than before), a contingency plan should be in place to protect the down-gradient receptors. The contingency plan usually requires an engineered remediation plan to reduce the negative impact of the plume on the down-gradient receptors. JF - Practice Periodical of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste Management AU - Surampalli, R AU - Banerji, S AD - U.S. EPA, P.O. Box 17-2141, Kansas City, KS 66117, USA Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - Jul 2002 SP - 173 EP - 176 VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 1090-025X, 1090-025X KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Water Pollution Treatment KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Biodegradation (see also Biological oxidation) KW - Self-purification KW - Monitoring methods KW - Wells KW - Remediation KW - Groundwater (see also Aquifers) KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Monitoring KW - Plumes KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16155254?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Practice+Periodical+of+Hazardous%2C+Toxic%2C+and+Radioactive+Waste+Management&rft.atitle=Long-Term+Performance+Monitoring+at+Natural+Attenuation+Site&rft.au=Surampalli%2C+R%3BBanerji%2C+S&rft.aulast=Surampalli&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Practice+Periodical+of+Hazardous%2C+Toxic%2C+and+Radioactive+Waste+Management&rft.issn=1090025X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1061%2F%28ASCE%291090-025X%282002%296%3A3%28173%29 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-04-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Natural Attenuation. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Monitoring methods; Remediation; Groundwater pollution; Plumes; Biodegradation (see also Biological oxidation); Groundwater (see also Aquifers); Monitoring; Self-purification; Water Pollution Treatment; Wells; Groundwater Pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-025X(2002)6:3(173) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and Characterization of an Annular Denuder Methodology for the Measurement of Divalent Inorganic Reactive Gaseous Mercury in Ambient Air AN - 16143494; 5532065 AB - Atmospheric mercury is predominantly present in the gaseous elemental form (Hg super(0)). However, anthropogenic emissions (e.g., incineration, fossil fuel combustion) emit and natural processes create particulate-phase mercury (Hg-(p)) and divalent reactive gas-phase mercury (RGM). RGM species (e.g., HgCl sub(2), HgBr sub(2)) are water-soluble and have much shorter residence times in the atmosphere than Hg super(0) due to their higher removal rates through wet and dry deposition mechanisms. Manual and automated annular denuder methodologies, to provide high-resolution (1-2 h) ambient RGM measurements, were developed and evaluated. Following collection of RGM onto KCI-coated quartz annular denuders, RGM was thermally decomposed and quantified as Hg super(0). Laboratory and field evaluations of the denuders found the RGM collection efficiency to be >94% and mean collocated precision to be <15%. Method detection limits for sampling durations ranging from 1 to 12 h were 6.2-0.5 pg m super(-3), respectively. As part of this research, the authors observed that methods to measure Hg(p) had a significant positive artifact when RGM coexists with Hg(p). This artifact was eliminated if a KCI-coated annular denuder preceded the filter. This new atmospheric mercury speciation methodology has dramatically enhanced our ability to investigate the mechanisms of transformation and deposition of mercury in the atmosphere. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Landis AU - Stevens, R K AU - Schaedlich, F AU - Prestbo, E M AD - U.S. EPA, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA, landis.matthew@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/07/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 01 SP - 3000 EP - 3009 VL - 36 IS - 13 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Mercury in the atmosphere KW - Gases KW - Mercury deposition KW - Atmospheric pollution measurements KW - Mercury KW - Atmospheric pollution emission KW - Atmosphere KW - Air pollution measurements KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16143494?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Development+and+Characterization+of+an+Annular+Denuder+Methodology+for+the+Measurement+of+Divalent+Inorganic+Reactive+Gaseous+Mercury+in+Ambient+Air&rft.au=Landis%3BStevens%2C+R+K%3BSchaedlich%2C+F%3BPrestbo%2C+E+M&rft.aulast=Landis&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=3000&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes015887t LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mercury in the atmosphere; Mercury deposition; Atmospheric pollution measurements; Atmospheric pollution emission; Gases; Mercury; Atmosphere; Air pollution measurements DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es015887t ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The revised Australian and New Zealand water quality guidelines for toxicants: Approach to their derivation and application AN - 16141053; 5469657 AB - The revised Australian and New Zealand water quality guidelines for toxicants present chemical-specific guideline figures for around 200 organic and inorganic (metallic and non-metallic) toxicants covering freshwater and marine systems. These figures are termed "trigger values" because it is intended that, if they are exceeded, further investigations will be triggered. Toxicant guideline trigger values have been derived primarily according to risk assessment principles and recommendations for their use follow a hierarchical decision framework that is also risk-based. This paper discusses the approach and philosophy behind derivation of the revised guideline trigger values, which are estimates of the highest concentration of chemicals that are expected to have no adverse effect. It is intended that, wherever possible, the figures should be applied at specific sites according to a risk-based decision scheme, taking into account the interaction of natural water quality and other parameters with toxic chemicals at the specific site. Such site-specific assessment is therefore an integral part of these guidelines and the detailed decision scheme is intended to assist a catchment manager to arrive at a final guideline value appropriate to the location being studied. A range of approaches may be used to address these interactions depending on the specific issues at hand and the availability of data. The decision-tree framework described in this paper provides catchment managers with practical guidance on how to apply the trigger values to specific sites according to local environmental conditions and also helps to focus future research needs. JF - Australasian Journal of Ecotoxicology AU - Chapman, J AD - Ecotoxicology Section, New South Wales Environment Protection Authority (EPA) located at the EPA/UTS Centre for Ecotoxicology, University of Technology, Sydney (UTS), Westbourne St, Gore Hill, NSW 2065, Australia, ChapmanJ@epa.nsw.gov.au Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - Jul 2002 SP - 95 EP - 108 VL - 7 IS - 2 SN - 1323-3475, 1323-3475 KW - Australia KW - New Zealand KW - guidelines KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Chemicals KW - Water Pollution KW - Safety regulations KW - Toxicants KW - Toxicity KW - Water quality standards KW - Water quality KW - Toxins KW - Environmental protection KW - Water quality control KW - Risk KW - Water Quality Standards KW - Water management KW - Standards KW - Chemical pollutants KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16141053?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australasian+Journal+of+Ecotoxicology&rft.atitle=The+revised+Australian+and+New+Zealand+water+quality+guidelines+for+toxicants%3A+Approach+to+their+derivation+and+application&rft.au=Chapman%2C+J&rft.aulast=Chapman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australasian+Journal+of+Ecotoxicology&rft.issn=13233475&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water quality control; Water management; Standards; Toxicity; Chemical pollutants; Environmental protection; Safety regulations; Toxicants; Water quality; Chemicals; Risk assessment; Water quality standards; Risk; Water Pollution; Water Quality Standards; Toxins ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a Ct equation for the inactivation of Cryptosporidium oocysts with ozone AN - 16138291; 5434620 AB - Cryptosporidium parvum, a protozoan parasite, has been implicated in a number of waterborne disease outbreaks. It is difficult to inactivate using free chlorine, but appears to be easily inactivated by ozone. Therefore, the US EPA has promulgated the Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, which for the first time, addresses the control of C. parvum in drinking water. The use of Ct (concentration of disinfectant in mg/L times, time in minutes) values is being considered as one of the options for controlling this organism. This paper proposes a Ct equation, based on first order kinetics, to provide guidance to drinking water utilities for the application of ozone for controlling C. parvum oocysts in drinking water. The equation, which provides mean estimates of inactivation, was developed using standard statistical techniques and currently available field and bench scale data. In addition, the possibility of using a statistically conservative upper bound Ct value in order to insure an appropriate safety factor is explored. JF - Water Research AU - Clark, R M AU - Sivagenesan, M AU - Rice, E W AU - Chen, J AD - National Risk Management Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, 26 W. Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA, clark.robertm@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - Jul 2002 SP - 3141 EP - 3149 VL - 36 IS - 12 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - inactivation KW - Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water supplies (Potable) KW - Design Standards KW - Disinfection KW - Mathematical Equations KW - Inactivation KW - Water Quality Standards KW - Disinfectants KW - Drinking Water KW - Water treatment KW - Water Treatment KW - Design data KW - Ozonation KW - Ozone KW - Standards (Water quality) KW - Oocysts KW - Water quality standards KW - Cryptosporidium parvum KW - Design Criteria KW - Cryptosporidium KW - Intestinal protozoa KW - Drinking water KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment KW - K 03063:Effects of physical & chemical factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16138291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+Ct+equation+for+the+inactivation+of+Cryptosporidium+oocysts+with+ozone&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BSivagenesan%2C+M%3BRice%2C+E+W%3BChen%2C+J&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inactivation; Disinfectants; Oocysts; Drinking water; Ozone; Disinfection; Water treatment; Water quality standards; Ozonation; Standards (Water quality); Water supplies (Potable); Intestinal protozoa; Design data; Design Standards; Water Quality Standards; Drinking Water; Design Criteria; Mathematical Equations; Cryptosporidium; Water Treatment; Cryptosporidium parvum ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Derivation of the Australian and New Zealand water quality guidelines for toxicants AN - 16137553; 5469659 AB - A new framework was developed and used to derive the Australian and New Zealand (ANZECC & ARMCANZ 2000) water quality guidelines for metal, inorganic and organic toxicants. This framework incorporates the principles of risk and recent advances in ecotoxicity modelling. As such, it is a significant advance on the previous ANZECC (1992) and other international water quality guidelines. Two different methods were used to derive the guidelines: a modification of the Canadian (CCME 1991) assessment factor method, and a new statistical distribution method called the Burr Type III method (Campbell et al. 2000) which was developed from the Aldenberg and Slob (1993) method. This paper provides the rules governing the framework, details of the collation and screening of the toxicity data and the methods used to derive the guidelines. JF - Australasian Journal of Ecotoxicology AU - Warne, MStJ AD - Ecotoxicology Section, New South Wales Environment Protection Authority (EPA) located at the EPA/UTS Centre for Ecotoxicology, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Westbourne St, Gore Hill, NSW 2065, Australia Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - Jul 2002 SP - 123 EP - 136 VL - 7 IS - 2 SN - 1323-3475, 1323-3475 KW - Australia KW - Guidelines KW - New Zealand KW - guidelines KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Metals KW - Safety regulations KW - Toxicants KW - Heavy metals KW - Statistical analysis KW - Ecological Effects KW - Water quality standards KW - Water quality KW - Toxins KW - Environmental protection KW - Risks KW - Water quality control KW - Water Pollution Control KW - Risk KW - Water Quality Standards KW - Standards KW - Chemical pollutants KW - Pollution control KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16137553?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australasian+Journal+of+Ecotoxicology&rft.atitle=Derivation+of+the+Australian+and+New+Zealand+water+quality+guidelines+for+toxicants&rft.au=Warne%2C+MStJ&rft.aulast=Warne&rft.aufirst=MStJ&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australasian+Journal+of+Ecotoxicology&rft.issn=13233475&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water quality control; Heavy metals; Statistical analysis; Standards; Chemical pollutants; Risks; Environmental protection; Pollution control; Safety regulations; Toxicants; Water quality; Risk assessment; Water quality standards; Risk; Metals; Water Pollution Control; Water Quality Standards; Ecological Effects; Toxins ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of prolonged exposure to nanomolar concentrations of methylmercury on voltage-sensitive sodium and calcium currents in PC12 cells. AN - 71888904; 12101032 AB - The neurotoxicant methylmercury (CH(3)Hg(+)) inhibits voltage-sensitive Na(+) and Ca(2+) currents in neuronal preparations following acute, in vitro, exposure. In the present study, effects on voltage-sensitive Na(+) (I(Na)) and Ca(2+) (I(Ca)) currents in pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells were examined following prolonged exposure to CH(3)Hg(+). When PC12 cells cultured in the presence of nerve growth factor (NGF) for 7 days ('primed') were replated in the presence of NGF and 30 nM CH(3)Hg(+), I(Ca), but not I(Na), amplitude was reduced (29%) significantly approximately 24 h later. Quantitative assessment of morphology indicated that this approximately 24 h exposure to CH(3)Hg(+) significantly reduced neurite length. The N-type voltage-sensitive Ca(2+) channel (VSCC) antagonist omega-conotoxin GVIA (500 pM) was without significant effect on current amplitude or morphology in this exposure protocol. When undifferentiated cells were cultured in the presence of NGF and 10 nM CH(3)Hg(+) for 6 days, I(Ca) and I(Na) amplitude were reduced by 36 and 52%, respectively. I(Ca) at the end of a 150 ms test pulse was also reduced by 40% in CH(3)Hg(+)-treated cells. Thus, both inactivating and non-inactivating I(Ca) were reduced equally. There was no change in [(3)H]saxitoxin or omega-[(125)I]conotoxin GVIA binding, nor were there any morphological alterations in cells treated with CH(3)Hg(+) for 6 days. Omega-conotoxin GVIA (500 pM, 6 days), reduced significantly I(Ca), but not I(Na), but was without effect on morphology. These results demonstrate that prolonged exposure to low concentrations of CH(3)Hg(+) reduces cationic currents in differentiating PC12 cells, but that current reduction is not always associated with morphological alteration. JF - Brain research. Developmental brain research AU - Shafer, Timothy J AU - Meacham, Connie A AU - Barone, Stanley AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. shafer.tim@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/06/30/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 30 SP - 151 EP - 164 VL - 136 IS - 2 SN - 0165-3806, 0165-3806 KW - Calcium Channels KW - 0 KW - Methylmercury Compounds KW - Neurotoxins KW - Sodium Channel Blockers KW - Sodium Channels KW - Saxitoxin KW - 35523-89-8 KW - Tetrodotoxin KW - 4368-28-9 KW - omega-Conotoxin GVIA KW - 92078-76-7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Drug Administration Schedule KW - Cell Size -- physiology KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Binding, Competitive -- physiology KW - Membrane Potentials -- physiology KW - Binding, Competitive -- drug effects KW - Saxitoxin -- pharmacology KW - Models, Biological KW - Cell Size -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Calcium Signaling -- drug effects KW - Cell Differentiation -- physiology KW - Calcium Signaling -- physiology KW - Sodium Channel Blockers -- pharmacology KW - Membrane Potentials -- drug effects KW - omega-Conotoxin GVIA -- pharmacology KW - Tetrodotoxin -- pharmacology KW - Cell Differentiation -- drug effects KW - PC12 Cells KW - Central Nervous System -- metabolism KW - Calcium Channels -- metabolism KW - Neurons -- metabolism KW - Central Nervous System -- physiopathology KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Calcium Channels -- drug effects KW - Central Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Sodium Channels -- metabolism KW - Sodium Channels -- drug effects KW - Neurotoxins -- toxicity KW - Methylmercury Compounds -- toxicity KW - Mercury Poisoning, Nervous System -- physiopathology KW - Mercury Poisoning, Nervous System -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71888904?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+research.+Developmental+brain+research&rft.atitle=Effects+of+prolonged+exposure+to+nanomolar+concentrations+of+methylmercury+on+voltage-sensitive+sodium+and+calcium+currents+in+PC12+cells.&rft.au=Shafer%2C+Timothy+J%3BMeacham%2C+Connie+A%3BBarone%2C+Stanley&rft.aulast=Shafer&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2002-06-30&rft.volume=136&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+research.+Developmental+brain+research&rft.issn=01653806&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-09-27 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental mass spectrometry: emerging contaminants and current issues. AN - 71863719; 12090660 JF - Analytical chemistry AU - Richardson, Susan D AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA. Y1 - 2002/06/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 15 SP - 2719 EP - 2741 VL - 74 IS - 12 SN - 0003-2700, 0003-2700 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Pharmaceutical Preparations KW - Water Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Water Supply -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants -- analysis KW - Eukaryota -- chemistry KW - Humans KW - Endocrine Glands -- drug effects KW - Water Microbiology KW - Pharmaceutical Preparations -- analysis KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Mass Spectrometry -- methods KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71863719?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+chemistry&rft.atitle=Environmental+mass+spectrometry%3A+emerging+contaminants+and+current+issues.&rft.au=Richardson%2C+Susan+D&rft.aulast=Richardson&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2002-06-15&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2719&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+chemistry&rft.issn=00032700&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-07-23 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Full-scale vibrating pervaporation membrane unit: VOC removal from water and surfactant solutions AN - 16148818; 5416903 AB - A commercial-scale vibrating membrane system was evaluated for the separation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from aqueous solutions by pervaporation. Experiments with surrogate solutions of up to five VOCs in the presence and absence of a surfactant were performed to compare performance of the full-scale vibrating system with that previously observed at the laboratory-scale as well as the performance of the same full-scale system during a recent field demonstration project. The primary process variables studied were amplitude of vibration, temperature, liquid flow rate, and permeate pressure. Data were obtained with two types of silicone rubber membranes - a thick (254 mu m) fiberglass reinforced silicone membrane and a more typical pervaporation membrane consisting of a 10 mu m silicone layer on a microporous support. The full-scale vibrating system delivered mass transfer coefficients comparable to those observed at the laboratory-scale and, under certain conditions, were comparable to those obtained with spiral wound pervaporation modules. JF - Journal of Membrane Science AU - Vane, L M AU - Alvarez AD - National Risk Management Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA, vane.leland@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/06/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 15 SP - 177 EP - 193 VL - 202 IS - 1-2 SN - 0376-7388, 0376-7388 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - Vibrations KW - Membranes KW - Water treatment KW - Volatile organic carbons KW - Surfactants KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16148818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Membrane+Science&rft.atitle=Full-scale+vibrating+pervaporation+membrane+unit%3A+VOC+removal+from+water+and+surfactant+solutions&rft.au=Vane%2C+L+M%3BAlvarez&rft.aulast=Vane&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-06-15&rft.volume=202&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Membrane+Science&rft.issn=03767388&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vibrations; Membranes; Volatile organic carbons; Water treatment; Surfactants ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimates of the Atmospheric Deposition of Sulfur and Nitrogen Species: Clean Air Status and Trends Network, 1990-2000 AN - 16141754; 5475563 AB - The Clean Air Status and Trends Network (CASTNet) was established by the U.S. EPA in response to the requirements of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. To satisfy these requirements CASTNet was designed to assess and report on geographic patterns and long-term, temporal trends in ambient air pollution and acid deposition in order to gauge the effectiveness of current and future mandated emission reductions. This paper presents an analysis of the spatial patterns of deposition of sulfur and nitrogen pollutants for the period 1990-2000. Estimates of deposition are provided for two 4-yr periods: 1990-1993 and 1997-2000. These two periods were selected to contrast deposition before and after the large decrease in SO sub(2) emissions that occurred in 1995. Estimates of dry deposition were obtained from measurements at CASTNet sites combined with deposition velocities that were modeled using the multilayer model, a 20-layer model that simulates the various atmospheric processes that contribute to dry deposition. Estimates of wet deposition were obtained from measurements at sites operated by the National Atmospheric Deposition Program. The estimates of dry and wet deposition were combined to calculate total deposition of atmospheric sulfur (dry SO sub(2), dry and wet SO sub(4) super(2-)) and nitrogen (dry HNO sub(3), dry and wet NO sub(3) super(-), dry and wet NH sub(4) super(+)). An analysis of the deposition estimates showed a significant decline in sulfur deposition and no change in nitrogen deposition. The highest rates of sulfur deposition were observed in the Ohio River Valley and downwind states. This region also observed the largest decline in sulfur deposition. The highest rates of nitrogen deposition were observed in the Midwest from Illinois to southern New York State. Sulfur and nitrogen deposition fluxes were significantly higher in the eastern United States as compared to the western sites. Dry deposition contributed approximately 38% of total sulfur deposition and 30% of total nitrogen deposition in the eastern United States. Percentages are similar for the two 4-yr periods. Wet sulfate and dry SO sub(2) depositions were the largest contributors to sulfur deposition. Wet nitrate, wet ammonium, and dry HNO sub(3) depositions were the largest contributors to nitrogen deposition. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Baumgardner, RE Jr AU - Lavery, T F AU - Rogers, C M AU - Isil, S S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, baumgardner.ralph@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2002/06/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 15 SP - 2614 EP - 2629 VL - 36 IS - 12 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - CASTNet KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Sulfur KW - Historical account KW - Sulfur deposition KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - Government programs KW - Wet and dry deposition KW - EPA KW - USA KW - Nitrogen deposition KW - Atmospheric pollution estimation KW - Geography KW - Acid deposition KW - Air pollution measurements KW - Nitrogen KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.510.3/.4:Physical Properties/Composition (551.510.3/.4) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16141754?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Estimates+of+the+Atmospheric+Deposition+of+Sulfur+and+Nitrogen+Species%3A+Clean+Air+Status+and+Trends+Network%2C+1990-2000&rft.au=Baumgardner%2C+RE+Jr%3BLavery%2C+T+F%3BRogers%2C+C+M%3BIsil%2C+S+S&rft.aulast=Baumgardner&rft.aufirst=RE&rft.date=2002-06-15&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2614&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sulfur deposition; Atmospheric pollution models; Nitrogen deposition; Atmospheric pollution estimation; Wet and dry deposition; Sulfur; EPA; Historical account; Government programs; Geography; Acid deposition; Nitrogen; Air pollution measurements; USA ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Disinfection of wastewater by-products: NDMA & other issues AN - 39600958; 3671547 AU - Bastian, R K Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39600958?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Disinfection+of+wastewater+by-products%3A+NDMA+%26amp%3B+other+issues&rft.au=Bastian%2C+R+K&rft.aulast=Bastian&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA; URL: www.wef.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Improving the use of environmental data in decision making by using watershed ecological risk assessment AN - 39600116; 3671385 AU - Serveiss, V B Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39600116?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Improving+the+use+of+environmental+data+in+decision+making+by+using+watershed+ecological+risk+assessment&rft.au=Serveiss%2C+V+B&rft.aulast=Serveiss&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA; URL: www.wef.org. Paper No. 18e N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Comparison of laboratory subsampling methods of benthic samples from boatable rivers using actual and simulated count data AN - 39549328; 3677459 AU - Flotemersch, JE AU - Blocksom, KA Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39549328?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+laboratory+subsampling+methods+of+benthic+samples+from+boatable+rivers+using+actual+and+simulated+count+data&rft.au=Flotemersch%2C+JE%3BBlocksom%2C+KA&rft.aulast=Flotemersch&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: North American Benthological Society, 400 Waterfront Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA; fax: 412 442-4328; URL: www.benthos.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Rare occurrence of heterotrophic bacteria with pathogenic potential in potable water AN - 39528878; 3676464 AU - Stelma, G Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39528878?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Rare+occurrence+of+heterotrophic+bacteria+with+pathogenic+potential+in+potable+water&rft.au=Stelma%2C+G&rft.aulast=Stelma&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Australian Society for Microbiology, Unit 23, 20 Commercial Road, Melbourne Victoria 3004, Australia; phone: 03-9867-8699; fax: 03-9867-8722; email: admin@theasm.com.au; URL: www.theasm.com.au N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Compliance and enforcement actions for emissions violations AN - 39525612; 3682163 AU - Kosim, Z Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39525612?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Compliance+and+enforcement+actions+for+emissions+violations&rft.au=Kosim%2C+Z&rft.aulast=Kosim&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Eletric Utilities Environmental Conference, 5860 N. Calle Grandeza, Tucson, AZ 85718, USA; phone: 520-615-3535; fax: 602-296-0199; email: pdayal@euec.com; URL: www.euec.com N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Use of surface and tracer analysis to estimate nutrient and sediment load allocations to the Chesapeake Bay AN - 39525240; 3671334 AU - Wang, P AU - Linker, L C Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39525240?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Use+of+surface+and+tracer+analysis+to+estimate+nutrient+and+sediment+load+allocations+to+the+Chesapeake+Bay&rft.au=Wang%2C+P%3BLinker%2C+L+C&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA; URL: www.wef.org. Paper No. 10b N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Use of macroinvertebrate metrics to differentiate between the effects of decreased canopy and increased embeddedness in streams draining agricultural catchments AN - 39521557; 3677351 AU - Griffith, M B AU - Daniel, F B AU - Lazorchak, J M Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39521557?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Use+of+macroinvertebrate+metrics+to+differentiate+between+the+effects+of+decreased+canopy+and+increased+embeddedness+in+streams+draining+agricultural+catchments&rft.au=Griffith%2C+M+B%3BDaniel%2C+F+B%3BLazorchak%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Griffith&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: North American Benthological Society, 400 Waterfront Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA; fax: 412 442-4328; URL: www.benthos.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Using regional models of species presence/absence to diagnose the causes of impairment in streams AN - 39521123; 3677383 AU - Yuan, L L AU - Norton, S B Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39521123?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Using+regional+models+of+species+presence%2Fabsence+to+diagnose+the+causes+of+impairment+in+streams&rft.au=Yuan%2C+L+L%3BNorton%2C+S+B&rft.aulast=Yuan&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: North American Benthological Society, 400 Waterfront Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA; fax: 412 442-4328; URL: www.benthos.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Comparison of benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages from intermittent and perennial streams in the mid-Atlantic Region AN - 39519361; 3677188 AU - Klemm, D J AU - Blocksom, KA AU - Thoeny, W T AU - Hutchens, J J AU - Grimmett, E S AU - Fulk, F A Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39519361?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+benthic+macroinvertebrate+assemblages+from+intermittent+and+perennial+streams+in+the+mid-Atlantic+Region&rft.au=Klemm%2C+D+J%3BBlocksom%2C+KA%3BThoeny%2C+W+T%3BHutchens%2C+J+J%3BGrimmett%2C+E+S%3BFulk%2C+F+A&rft.aulast=Klemm&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: North American Benthological Society, 400 Waterfront Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA; fax: 412 442-4328; URL: www.benthos.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Innovative, real-time method to evaluate the breath-to-breath nasopharyngeal concentration of acetone in the human volunteer AN - 39518365; 3678660 AU - Foureman, G AU - Timchalk, C AU - Weitz, K AU - Thrall, K Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39518365?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Innovative%2C+real-time+method+to+evaluate+the+breath-to-breath+nasopharyngeal+concentration+of+acetone+in+the+human+volunteer&rft.au=Foureman%2C+G%3BTimchalk%2C+C%3BWeitz%2C+K%3BThrall%2C+K&rft.aulast=Foureman&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Society of Toxicology, 1767 Business Center Drive, Suite 302, Resont, VA 20190-5332, USA; URL: www.toxicology.org. Paper No. LB147 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - EPA's role in dredging AN - 39510000; 3676543 AU - Slenkamp, T Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39510000?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=EPA%27s+role+in+dredging&rft.au=Slenkamp%2C+T&rft.aulast=Slenkamp&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1650 Arch St., Philadelphia, PA 19103-2029, USA; phone: 215-814-2718; email: spagnolo.ralph@epa.gov N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - National sediment quality inventory and sediment network AN - 39509873; 3676527 AU - Ireland, S Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39509873?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=National+sediment+quality+inventory+and+sediment+network&rft.au=Ireland%2C+S&rft.aulast=Ireland&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1650 Arch St., Philadelphia, PA 19103-2029, USA; phone: 215-814-2718; email: spagnolo.ralph@epa.gov N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Heterotrophic plate count (HPC) methodology in the United States AN - 39509742; 3676460 AU - Reasoner, D J Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39509742?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Heterotrophic+plate+count+%28HPC%29+methodology+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Reasoner%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Reasoner&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Australian Society for Microbiology, Unit 23, 20 Commercial Road, Melbourne Victoria 3004, Australia; phone: 03-9867-8699; fax: 03-9867-8722; email: admin@theasm.com.au; URL: www.theasm.com.au N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Macroeconomic impacts of a multi-emission reduction strategy AN - 39508195; 3682052 AU - Laitner, JA AU - Hanson, DA Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39508195?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Macroeconomic+impacts+of+a+multi-emission+reduction+strategy&rft.au=Laitner%2C+JA%3BHanson%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Laitner&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Eletric Utilities Environmental Conference, 5860 N. Calle Grandeza, Tucson, AZ 85718, USA; phone: 520-615-3535; fax: 602-296-0199; email: pdayal@euec.com; URL: www.euec.com N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Information technology: Energy hog? Or productivity tool? AN - 39507274; 3682174 AU - Laitner, A Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39507274?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Information+technology%3A+Energy+hog%3F+Or+productivity+tool%3F&rft.au=Laitner%2C+A&rft.aulast=Laitner&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Eletric Utilities Environmental Conference, 5860 N. Calle Grandeza, Tucson, AZ 85718, USA; phone: 520-615-3535; fax: 602-296-0199; email: pdayal@euec.com; URL: www.euec.com N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Assessing the impacts of environmental stressors on macroinvertebrate indicators in Ohio AN - 39504862; 3677479 AU - Majumder, S AU - Fulk, F A AU - Cormier, S M Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39504862?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Assessing+the+impacts+of+environmental+stressors+on+macroinvertebrate+indicators+in+Ohio&rft.au=Majumder%2C+S%3BFulk%2C+F+A%3BCormier%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Majumder&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: North American Benthological Society, 400 Waterfront Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA; fax: 412 442-4328; URL: www.benthos.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Watershed signage program AN - 39500014; 3671376 AU - Gardner, J AU - Alexander, C Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39500014?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Watershed+signage+program&rft.au=Gardner%2C+J%3BAlexander%2C+C&rft.aulast=Gardner&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA; URL: www.wef.org. Paper No. 16c N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Assessment of streams of the Eastern United States using a periphyton index of biotic integrity AN - 39496537; 3677580 AU - Hill, B H AU - Herlihy, A T AU - Kaufmann, PR AU - DeCelles, S J AU - Vander Borgh, MA Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39496537?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+streams+of+the+Eastern+United+States+using+a+periphyton+index+of+biotic+integrity&rft.au=Hill%2C+B+H%3BHerlihy%2C+A+T%3BKaufmann%2C+PR%3BDeCelles%2C+S+J%3BVander+Borgh%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: North American Benthological Society, 400 Waterfront Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA; fax: 412 442-4328; URL: www.benthos.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - CEMS simple to me- or at least it should be AN - 39496435; 3682164 AU - Smith, B Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39496435?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=CEMS+simple+to+me-+or+at+least+it+should+be&rft.au=Smith%2C+B&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Eletric Utilities Environmental Conference, 5860 N. Calle Grandeza, Tucson, AZ 85718, USA; phone: 520-615-3535; fax: 602-296-0199; email: pdayal@euec.com; URL: www.euec.com N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Simulating the Chesapeake Bay watershed with time-varying land use and management actions AN - 39493562; 3671278 AU - Shenk, G Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39493562?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Simulating+the+Chesapeake+Bay+watershed+with+time-varying+land+use+and+management+actions&rft.au=Shenk%2C+G&rft.aulast=Shenk&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA; URL: www.wef.org. Paper No. 02a N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Water quality benefits of brownfields redevelopment, infill development, and other smart growth strategies AN - 39493526; 3671271 AU - Richards, L Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39493526?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Water+quality+benefits+of+brownfields+redevelopment%2C+infill+development%2C+and+other+smart+growth+strategies&rft.au=Richards%2C+L&rft.aulast=Richards&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA; URL: www.wef.org. Paper No. 01a N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Influence of physical factors on comparative performance of sampling methods in large rivers AN - 39490180; 3677415 AU - Blocksom, KA AU - Flotemersch, JE Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39490180?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Influence+of+physical+factors+on+comparative+performance+of+sampling+methods+in+large+rivers&rft.au=Blocksom%2C+KA%3BFlotemersch%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Blocksom&rft.aufirst=KA&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: North American Benthological Society, 400 Waterfront Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA; fax: 412 442-4328; URL: www.benthos.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Using salamander larvae to distinguish intermittent and interstitial headwater streams AN - 39488885; 3677303 AU - Davic, R D Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39488885?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Using+salamander+larvae+to+distinguish+intermittent+and+interstitial+headwater+streams&rft.au=Davic%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Davic&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: North American Benthological Society, 400 Waterfront Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA; fax: 412 442-4328; URL: www.benthos.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Chesapeake Bay approach to a TMDL AN - 39482532; 3676542 AU - Koroncai, R Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39482532?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Chesapeake+Bay+approach+to+a+TMDL&rft.au=Koroncai%2C+R&rft.aulast=Koroncai&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1650 Arch St., Philadelphia, PA 19103-2029, USA; phone: 215-814-2718; email: spagnolo.ralph@epa.gov N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - EPA's watershed approach to managing urban nonpoint source pollution AN - 39480452; 3671269 AU - Frederick, R AU - Keefe, M Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39480452?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=EPA%27s+watershed+approach+to+managing+urban+nonpoint+source+pollution&rft.au=Frederick%2C+R%3BKeefe%2C+M&rft.aulast=Frederick&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA; URL: www.wef.org. Poster Paper No. P09 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Persistence of pulmonary injury following instillation of residual oil fly ash (ROFA) in spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats AN - 39460879; 3678612 AU - Watkinson, W AU - Wichers, L AU - Winslett, D AU - Kodavanati, U AU - Costa, D Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39460879?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Persistence+of+pulmonary+injury+following+instillation+of+residual+oil+fly+ash+%28ROFA%29+in+spontaneously+hypertensive+%28SH%29+rats&rft.au=Watkinson%2C+W%3BWichers%2C+L%3BWinslett%2C+D%3BKodavanati%2C+U%3BCosta%2C+D&rft.aulast=Watkinson&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Society of Toxicology, 1767 Business Center Drive, Suite 302, Resont, VA 20190-5332, USA; URL: www.toxicology.org. Paper No. LB99 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Approach to PCB dredging decision in the upper Hudson River AN - 39460618; 3676539 AU - Tomchuk, D Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39460618?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Approach+to+PCB+dredging+decision+in+the+upper+Hudson+River&rft.au=Tomchuk%2C+D&rft.aulast=Tomchuk&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1650 Arch St., Philadelphia, PA 19103-2029, USA; phone: 215-814-2718; email: spagnolo.ralph@epa.gov N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Beneficial uses of dredged material, a national guidance document AN - 39460519; 3676522 AU - Johnson, L Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39460519?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Beneficial+uses+of+dredged+material%2C+a+national+guidance+document&rft.au=Johnson%2C+L&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1650 Arch St., Philadelphia, PA 19103-2029, USA; phone: 215-814-2718; email: spagnolo.ralph@epa.gov N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Choosing a model for your watershed management project with BASINS 3.0 AN - 39458334; 3671284 AU - Cocca, P A AU - Wells, D AU - Kinerson, R AU - Partington, E Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39458334?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Choosing+a+model+for+your+watershed+management+project+with+BASINS+3.0&rft.au=Cocca%2C+P+A%3BWells%2C+D%3BKinerson%2C+R%3BPartington%2C+E&rft.aulast=Cocca&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA; URL: www.wef.org. Paper No. 02g N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER -