TY - CPAPER T1 - Remote and proximate sensing in support of sustainable watershed management AN - 39555683; 3675109 AU - Rochon, G Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39555683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Remote+and+proximate+sensing+in+support+of+sustainable+watershed+management&rft.au=Rochon%2C+G&rft.aulast=Rochon&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: International Society for Photogammetry and Remote Sensing, URL: www.isprs.org. Poster Paper No. PS.7.4 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Management principles for onsite wastewater treatment systems AN - 39541858; 3671294 AU - Hogye, S AU - Hudson, J AU - Rubin, R AU - Tonning, B Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39541858?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Management+principles+for+onsite+wastewater+treatment+systems&rft.au=Hogye%2C+S%3BHudson%2C+J%3BRubin%2C+R%3BTonning%2C+B&rft.aulast=Hogye&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA; URL: www.wef.org. Paper No. 04d N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Compliance and enforcement actions for emissions violations AN - 39525612; 3682163 AU - Kosim, Z Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39525612?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Compliance+and+enforcement+actions+for+emissions+violations&rft.au=Kosim%2C+Z&rft.aulast=Kosim&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Eletric Utilities Environmental Conference, 5860 N. Calle Grandeza, Tucson, AZ 85718, USA; phone: 520-615-3535; fax: 602-296-0199; email: pdayal@euec.com; URL: www.euec.com N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Watershed approach to understanding anthropogenic influences on streams and their receiving salt marshes AN - 39503498; 3677186 AU - Lussier, S M AU - Wigand, C AU - DaSilva, S AU - Charpentier, M AU - Cormier, S C AU - Klemm, D J Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39503498?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Watershed+approach+to+understanding+anthropogenic+influences+on+streams+and+their+receiving+salt+marshes&rft.au=Lussier%2C+S+M%3BWigand%2C+C%3BDaSilva%2C+S%3BCharpentier%2C+M%3BCormier%2C+S+C%3BKlemm%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Lussier&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: North American Benthological Society, 400 Waterfront Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA; fax: 412 442-4328; URL: www.benthos.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Assessing a hydrogeologic classification system in mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain streams using benthic macroinvertebrates AN - 39502910; 3677190 AU - Hutchens, J J AU - Blocksom, KA AU - Klemm, D J AU - Ator, S W AU - Denver, J M AU - Pitchford, A M AU - Mehaffey, M H Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39502910?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Assessing+a+hydrogeologic+classification+system+in+mid-Atlantic+Coastal+Plain+streams+using+benthic+macroinvertebrates&rft.au=Hutchens%2C+J+J%3BBlocksom%2C+KA%3BKlemm%2C+D+J%3BAtor%2C+S+W%3BDenver%2C+J+M%3BPitchford%2C+A+M%3BMehaffey%2C+M+H&rft.aulast=Hutchens&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: North American Benthological Society, 400 Waterfront Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA; fax: 412 442-4328; URL: www.benthos.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Short history of Chesapeake Bay modeling and the next generation of watershed and estuarine models AN - 39501279; 3671305 AU - Linker, L C AU - Shenk, G W AU - Wang, P AU - Hopkins, K J AU - Pokharel, S Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39501279?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Short+history+of+Chesapeake+Bay+modeling+and+the+next+generation+of+watershed+and+estuarine+models&rft.au=Linker%2C+L+C%3BShenk%2C+G+W%3BWang%2C+P%3BHopkins%2C+K+J%3BPokharel%2C+S&rft.aulast=Linker&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA; URL: www.wef.org. Paper No. 06a N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Persistence of pulmonary injury following instillation of residual oil fly ash (ROFA) in spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats AN - 39460879; 3678612 AU - Watkinson, W AU - Wichers, L AU - Winslett, D AU - Kodavanati, U AU - Costa, D Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39460879?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Persistence+of+pulmonary+injury+following+instillation+of+residual+oil+fly+ash+%28ROFA%29+in+spontaneously+hypertensive+%28SH%29+rats&rft.au=Watkinson%2C+W%3BWichers%2C+L%3BWinslett%2C+D%3BKodavanati%2C+U%3BCosta%2C+D&rft.aulast=Watkinson&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Society of Toxicology, 1767 Business Center Drive, Suite 302, Resont, VA 20190-5332, USA; URL: www.toxicology.org. Paper No. LB99 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Possible role of vasopressin in the thermoregulatory response to chlorpyrifos in the rat. AN - 72622316; 12403052 AB - Arginine vasopressin is a naturally occurring antipyretic which is released into the CNS to prevent excessive elevations in body temperature during fever. Circulating levels of arginine vasopressin may also have a role in the tonic control of body temperature. We have found that the organophosphate insecticide chlorpyrifos will raise blood pressure and lower body temperature in the rat. Because arginine vasopressin is a potent hypertensive agent and is capable of lowering core temperature, we suspected that arginine vasopressin may be involved in the thermoregulatory response to chlorpyrifos. To this end, core temperature and motor activity of male and female Sprague-Dawely rats were monitored before and after treatment with the corn oil vehicle or chlorpyrifos (15 mg/kg in females; 30 mg/kg in males; oral) concomitant with injection of a saline vehicle or a type 1 arginine vasopressin antagonist (20 microg/kg in females; 30 microg/kg in males; intraperitoneally). Rats dosed with chlorpyrifos and saline underwent a 2-3 degrees reduction in core temperature >50% decrease in motor activity. The V1 antagonist attenuated the hypothermic effect of chlorpyrifos in both sexes. Chlorpyrifos-induced inhibition in motor activity was unaffected by the V1 antagonist. In another experiment, the V1 antagonist (30 microg/kg) was co-administered with saline or 0.2 mg/kg oxotremorine, a muscarinic agonist that stimulates a heat loss response and partially mimics the effects of chlorpyrifos. The V1 antagonist attenuated the hypothermic effect of oxotremorine in both sexes. Plasma arginine vasopressin levels were determined in male rats 3 hr after corn oil or 30 mg/kg chlorpyrifos. There was no significant effect of chlorpyrifos on plasma levels of arginine vasopressin. That the V1 antagonist blocked the hypothermic effect of chlorpyrifos suggests that the thermoregulatory response to chlorpyrifos is mediated by central and/or systemic vasopressin release. The lack of a significant increase in plasma vasopressin after chlorpyrifos suggests that localized release of vasopressin may be involved in the thermoregulatory response to chlorpyrifos. JF - Pharmacology & toxicology AU - Yang, Yong-La AU - Gordon, Christopher J AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, U.S.A. Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 311 EP - 316 VL - 90 IS - 6 SN - 0901-9928, 0901-9928 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Arginine Vasopressin KW - 113-79-1 KW - 1-(beta-mercapto-beta,beta-cyclopentamethylenepropionic acid)-2-(O-ethyl-Tyr)-4-Val-arginine vasopressin KW - 77453-01-1 KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - JCS58I644W KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Hypothermia -- chemically induced KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Female KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Arginine Vasopressin -- pharmacology KW - Arginine Vasopressin -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Arginine Vasopressin -- analogs & derivatives KW - Arginine Vasopressin -- blood KW - Chlorpyrifos -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72622316?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacology+%26+toxicology&rft.atitle=Possible+role+of+vasopressin+in+the+thermoregulatory+response+to+chlorpyrifos+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Yang%2C+Yong-La%3BGordon%2C+Christopher+J&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Yong-La&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=311&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacology+%26+toxicology&rft.issn=09019928&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-03-04 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An investigation of the chemical stability of arsenosugars in simulated gastric juice and acidic environments using IC-ICP-MS and IC-ESI-MS/MS. AN - 71944052; 12146911 AB - A more quantitative extraction of arsenic-containing compounds from seafood matrices is essential in developing better dietary exposure estimates. More quantitative extraction often implies a more chemically aggressive set of extraction conditions. However, these conditions may result in undesirable chemical changes in the native arsenicals which may further complicate the toxicological risk assessment. This balance between quantitative extraction and species-specific integrity may be best addressed by using simulated gastric juice as an extraction solvent to mimic 'bioavailability'. This, conceptually, should extract the bioavailable fraction and induce any chemical changes that would occur because of ingestion. The most chemically labile species associated with seafood are thought to be the arsenosugars and for this reason their chemical stability is investigated in this study. Four arsenosugars (3-[5'-deoxy-5'-(dimethylarsinoyl)-beta-ribofuranosyloxy]-2-hydroxypropylene glycol, As(328); 3-[5'-deoxy-5'-(dimethylarsinoyl)-beta-ribofuranosyloxy]-2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid, As(392); 3-[5'-deoxy-5'-(dimethylarsinoyl)-beta-ribofuranosyloxyl-2-hydroxypropyl hydrogen sulfate, As(408); and 3-[5'-deoxy-5'-(dimethylarsinoyl)-beta-ribofuranosyloxy]-2-hydroxypropyl-2,3-hydroxypropyl phosphate, As(482)) were isolated from seaweed extracts and subjected to simulated gastric juice and acidic conditions which mimic the stomach's pH of 1.1. Three acid solutions were used to test the chemical stability of the arsenosugars: simulated gastric juice, 78 mM nitric acid and 78 mM hydrochloric acid. The composition of the solutions was monitored over time (up to 48 h) using IC-ICP-MS for detection. The arsenosugars were found to degrade at the rate of 1.4% per h at 38 degrees C and 12.2% per h at 60 degrees C. The plots of percent conversion versus time were found to be independent of the starting arsenosugar and all had r2 values of greater than 0.97. A single common degradation product was observed in all the stability studies. A mass balance between the starting arsenosugar (As(392), As(408) and As(482)) and the degradation product was conducted with each set of experiments. This mass balance indicated that the degradation process did not produce any unchromatographable species. This degradation product was tentatively identified as As(254) as determined by ESI-MS/MS spectral data. An acid hydrolysis mechanism was proposed for the formation of As(254) from each of the native arsenosugars by hydrolysis at the C-1 carbon on the ribose ring. JF - The Analyst AU - Gamble, Bryan M AU - Gallagher, Patricia A AU - Shoemaker, Jody A AU - Wei, Xinyi AU - Schwegel, Carol A AU - Creed, John T AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Microbiological and Chemical Exposure Assessment Research Division, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 781 EP - 785 VL - 127 IS - 6 SN - 0003-2654, 0003-2654 KW - Arsenicals KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Gastric Juice KW - Mass Spectrometry -- methods KW - Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization -- methods KW - Arsenicals -- analysis KW - Arsenic Poisoning -- prevention & control KW - Food Contamination KW - Seafood -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71944052?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Analyst&rft.atitle=An+investigation+of+the+chemical+stability+of+arsenosugars+in+simulated+gastric+juice+and+acidic+environments+using+IC-ICP-MS+and+IC-ESI-MS%2FMS.&rft.au=Gamble%2C+Bryan+M%3BGallagher%2C+Patricia+A%3BShoemaker%2C+Jody+A%3BWei%2C+Xinyi%3BSchwegel%2C+Carol+A%3BCreed%2C+John+T&rft.aulast=Gamble&rft.aufirst=Bryan&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=127&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=781&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Analyst&rft.issn=00032654&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-10-08 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The phototoxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: a theoretical study of excited states and correlation to experiment. AN - 71942518; 12139420 AB - Investigators using models to determine the phototoxic effects of sunlight on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have invoked the excited states of the molecule as important in elucidating the mechanism of these reactions. Energies of actual excited states were calculated for ten PAHs by several ab initio methods. The main method used for these calculations was the Configuration Interaction approach, modeling excited states as combinations of single substitutions out of the Hartree-Fock ground state. These calculations correlate well with both experimentally measured singlet and triplet state energies and also previous HOMO-LUMO gap energies that approximate the singlet state energies. The excited state calculations then correlate well with general models of photo-induced toxicity based for the PAHs. JF - Computers & chemistry AU - Betowski, Leon D AU - Enlow, Mark AU - Riddick, Lee AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory--Environmental Sciences Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, NV 89193-3478, USA. betowski.don@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 371 EP - 377 VL - 26 IS - 4 SN - 0097-8485, 0097-8485 KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Quantum Theory KW - Sunlight -- adverse effects KW - Models, Chemical KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- toxicity KW - Dermatitis, Phototoxic KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71942518?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+chemistry&rft.atitle=The+phototoxicity+of+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons%3A+a+theoretical+study+of+excited+states+and+correlation+to+experiment.&rft.au=Betowski%2C+Leon+D%3BEnlow%2C+Mark%3BRiddick%2C+Lee&rft.aulast=Betowski&rft.aufirst=Leon&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=371&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+%26+chemistry&rft.issn=00978485&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-13 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rates of hydrous ferric oxide crystallization and the influence on coprecipitated arsenate. AN - 71846674; 12075804 AB - Arsenate coprecipitated with hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) was stabilized against dissolution during transformation of HFO to more crystalline iron (hydr)oxides. The rate of arsenate stabilization approximately coincided with the rate of HFO transformation at pH 6 and 40 degrees C. Comparison of extraction data and X-ray diffraction results confirmed that hematite and goethite were the primary transformation products. HFO transformation was significantly retarded at or above an arsenate solid loading of 29 455 mg As/kg HFO. However, HFO transformation proceeded at a significant rate for arsenate solid loadings of 4208 and 8416 mg As/kg HFO. At a solid loading of 8416 mg As/kg HFO, XRD results suggested arsenate primarily partitioned to hematite. Comparison of HFO transformation rates observed in this research to rates obtained from the literature at pH 6 and temperatures ranging from 24 to 70 degrees C suggests that arsenate stabilization could be realized in oxic environments with a significantfraction of iron (hydr)oxides. While this process has not been documented in natural systems, the predicted half-life for transformation of an arsenic-bearing HFO is approximately 300 days at 25 degrees C at solid loading < 8415 mg As/kg HFO. The projected time frame for arsenate stabilization indicates this process should be considered during development of conceptual and analytical models describing arsenic fate and transport in oxic systems containing reactive iron (hydr)oxides. The likelihood of this process would depend on the chemical dynamics of the soil or sediment system relative to iron (hydr)oxide precipitation-dissolution reactions and the potential retarding/competing influence of ions such as silicate and organic matter. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Ford, Robert G AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Ada, Oklahoma 74820, USA. ford.robert@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/06/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 01 SP - 2459 EP - 2463 VL - 36 IS - 11 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Arsenates KW - 0 KW - Ferric Compounds KW - Teratogens KW - Water Pollutants KW - ferric oxide KW - 1K09F3G675 KW - arsenic acid KW - N7CIZ75ZPN KW - Index Medicus KW - Crystallization KW - Water Pollutants -- analysis KW - Solubility KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Chemical Precipitation KW - Arsenates -- chemistry KW - Ferric Compounds -- chemistry KW - Teratogens -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71846674?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Rates+of+hydrous+ferric+oxide+crystallization+and+the+influence+on+coprecipitated+arsenate.&rft.au=Ford%2C+Robert+G&rft.aulast=Ford&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2459&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-12-11 N1 - Date created - 2002-06-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sediment-associated reactions of aromatic amines. 2. QSAR development. AN - 71843189; 12075802 AB - The fate of aromatic amines in soils and sediments is dominated by irreversible binding through nucleophilic addition and oxidative radical coupling. Despite the common occurrence of the aromatic amine functional group in organic chemicals, the molecular properties useful for predicting reaction kinetics in natural systems have not been thoroughly investigated. Toward this goal, the sorption kinetics for a series of anilines with substituents in the ortho, meta, or para positions were measured in sediment slurries. The sorption kinetics of the substituted anilines were characterized by an initial, rapid sorption process followed by a much slower sorption process. The initial rates of sorption varied with the type and position of the substituent group. Rate constants for the initial sorption process were correlated with molecular descriptors, including dissociation constants (pKa's), Hammett sigma constants, polarographic half-wave potentials (E1/2), one-electron oxidation potentials (E1), highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energies (E(HOMO)), and ionization energies (E(IE)). On the basis of the strength of linear correlations and the availability of data, dissociation constants and Hammett sigma constants appear to be the most useful molecular descriptors for predicting reaction rates of substituted anilines in the sediment slurries. The slow rates of sorption were much less sensitive to substituents effects than the rate constants for the faster sorption process, suggesting that the slower process was not controlled by the rate of electron transfer (i.e., nucleophilic addition or radical formation) but was limited by the availability of covalent binding sites. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Colón, Dalizza AU - Weber, Eric J AU - Baughman, George L AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA. Y1 - 2002/06/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 01 SP - 2443 EP - 2450 VL - 36 IS - 11 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Amines KW - 0 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Kinetics KW - Adsorption KW - Forecasting KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Geologic Sediments -- chemistry KW - Amines -- analysis KW - Amines -- chemistry KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71843189?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Sediment-associated+reactions+of+aromatic+amines.+2.+QSAR+development.&rft.au=Col%C3%B3n%2C+Dalizza%3BWeber%2C+Eric+J%3BBaughman%2C+George+L&rft.aulast=Col%C3%B3n&rft.aufirst=Dalizza&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2443&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-12-11 N1 - Date created - 2002-06-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Speciation of gas-phase and fine particle emissions from burning of foliar fuels. AN - 71843089; 12075778 AB - Fine particle matter with aerodynamic diameter 70% by mass) PM2.5 are chemically speciated by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Expressed as a percent of PM2.5 mass, emission ranges by organic compound class are as follows: n-alkane (0.1-2%), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) (0.02-0.2%), n-alkanoic acid (1-3%), n-alkanedioic acid (0.06-0.3%), n-alkenoic acid (0.3-3%), resin acid (0.5-6%), triterpenoid (0.2-0.5%), methoxyphenol (0.5-3%), and phytosterol (0.2-0.6%). A molecular tracer of biomass combustion, the sugar levoglucosan is abundant and constitutes a remarkably narrow PM2.5 mass range (2.8-3.6%). Organic chemical signatures in PM2.5 from open combustion of fine fuels differ with those of residential wood combustion and other related sources, making them functional for source-receptor modeling of PM. Inorganic matter [PM2.5 - (organic compounds + elemental carbon)] on average is estimated to make up 8% of the PM2.5. Wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and ion chromatography identify 3% of PM2.5 as elements and water-soluble ions, respectively. Compared with residential wood burning, the PM2.5 of fine fuel combustion is nitrate enriched but shows lower potassium levels. Gas-phase C2-C13 hydrocarbon and C2-C9 carbonyl emissions are speciated by respective EPA Methods T0-15 and T0-11A. They comprise mainly low molecular weight C2-C3 compounds and hazardous air pollutants (48 wt % of total quantified volatile organic carbon). JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Hays, Michael D AU - Geron, Christopher D AU - Linna, Kara J AU - Smith, N Dean AU - Schauer, James J AD - National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 2002/06/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 01 SP - 2281 EP - 2295 VL - 36 IS - 11 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Fossil Fuels KW - Gases KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Incineration KW - Plant Leaves KW - Particle Size KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry KW - Volatilization KW - Hydrocarbons -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71843089?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Speciation+of+gas-phase+and+fine+particle+emissions+from+burning+of+foliar+fuels.&rft.au=Hays%2C+Michael+D%3BGeron%2C+Christopher+D%3BLinna%2C+Kara+J%3BSmith%2C+N+Dean%3BSchauer%2C+James+J&rft.aulast=Hays&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2281&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-12-11 N1 - Date created - 2002-06-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determining the causes of impairments in the Little Scioto River, Ohio, USA: part 2. Characterization of causes. AN - 71830621; 12069295 AB - Two stream reaches in the Little Scioto River (OH, USA) were characterized for the causes of impairments measured at two locations. By inductive inference, six candidate causes were winnowed down to three and five candidate causes for each of the two stream reaches. Using a formal strength-of-evidence process, a single cause was determined. At the most upstream location, habitat alterations, including fine-textured substrates and low DO, were characterized as the probable causes for an increased percentage of anomalies of fish, a decreased percentage of mayflies, and an increased percentage of tolerant macroinvertebrates. An increase in the relative weight of fish was attributed to an artificially narrow, deepened channel. Approximately 2 km downstream, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-contaminated sediments were identified as the cause for both fish and macroinvertebrate impairments. Causal characterization using first elimination and then a strength-of-evidence approach narrowed and defined the causes of ecological impairment even in this situation, where many complex and interacting candidate causes existed. Applying a formal method highlighted types of data and associations that can strengthen and present a more convincing determination of the causes of impairment. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Cormier, Susan M AU - Norton, Susan B AU - Suter, Glenn W AU - Altfater, David AU - Counts, Bernie AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA. cormier.susan@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 1125 EP - 1137 VL - 21 IS - 6 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - Body Weight KW - Animals KW - Population Dynamics KW - Fishes KW - Invertebrates KW - Research Design KW - Geologic Sediments KW - Insects KW - Risk Assessment KW - Ohio KW - Ecosystem KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- adverse effects KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71830621?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=Determining+the+causes+of+impairments+in+the+Little+Scioto+River%2C+Ohio%2C+USA%3A+part+2.+Characterization+of+causes.&rft.au=Cormier%2C+Susan+M%3BNorton%2C+Susan+B%3BSuter%2C+Glenn+W%3BAltfater%2C+David%3BCounts%2C+Bernie&rft.aulast=Cormier&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-11-19 N1 - Date created - 2002-06-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of physical, chemical, and biological indices to assess impacts of contaminants and physical habitat alteration in urban streams. AN - 71830012; 12069298 AB - Human activities in urban areas can lead to both chemical pollution and physical alteration of stream habitats. The evaluation of ecological impacts on urban streams can be problematic where both types of degradation occur. Effects of contaminants, for example, may be masked if stream channelization, loss of riparian vegetation, or other physical stressors exert comparable or larger influences. In the Aberjona watershed (near Boston, MA, USA), we used physical, chemical, and biological indices to discern the relative impacts of physical and chemical stressors. We used standard protocols for assessing the biological condition of low-gradient streams, sampling macroinvertebrate communities from several different habitat types (e.g., overhanging bank vegetation, undercut bank roots, and vegetation on rocks). We strengthened the linkage between chemical exposure and macroinvertebrate response by measuring metal concentrations not only in sediments from the stream bottom but also in the vegetative habitats where the macroinvertebrates were sampled. Linear regression analysis indicated that biological condition was significantly dependent (95% confidence level) on contaminants in vegetative habitats, but not on contaminants in sediments from the stream bottom. Biological condition was also significantly dependent on physical habitat quality; regression analysis on both contaminants and physical quality yielded the best regression model (r2 = 0.49). Similar biological impairment was observed at sites with severe contamination or physical impairment or with moderate chemical and physical impairment. These results have implications for the management of urban streams. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Rogers, Catriona E AU - Brabander, Daniel J AU - Barbour, Michael T AU - Hemond, Harold F AD - Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139, USA. rogers.catriona@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 1156 EP - 1167 VL - 21 IS - 6 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Water Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Regression Analysis KW - Cities KW - Animals KW - Population Dynamics KW - Plants KW - Boston KW - Risk Assessment KW - Ecosystem KW - Water Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Invertebrates KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Conservation of Natural Resources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71830012?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=Use+of+physical%2C+chemical%2C+and+biological+indices+to+assess+impacts+of+contaminants+and+physical+habitat+alteration+in+urban+streams.&rft.au=Rogers%2C+Catriona+E%3BBrabander%2C+Daniel+J%3BBarbour%2C+Michael+T%3BHemond%2C+Harold+F&rft.aulast=Rogers&rft.aufirst=Catriona&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1156&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-11-19 N1 - Date created - 2002-06-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determining probable causes of ecological impairment in the Little Scioto River, Ohio, USA: part 1. Listing candidate causes and analyzing evidence. AN - 71829948; 12069294 AB - The Little Scioto River in north-central Ohio, USA, is considered to be biologically impaired based on the results of fish and invertebrate surveys. The causes for these impairments were evaluated by means of a formal method. Two of the impairments identified on the stream reach were characterized in detail to support the causal assessment. A list of six candidate causes was developed that included habitat alteration, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contamination, metals contamination, low dissolved oxygen, ammonia toxicity, and nutrient enrichment. Evidence for the causal evaluation was developed with data from the site that associated each candidate cause with the biological responses. Evidence was also developed that drew on data from other locations and laboratory studies, including comparisons of site exposures with screening values and criteria. The formal method increased the transparency of the assessment; candidate causes were clearly listed and the pathways by which they may have produced effects were shown. Analysis of the evidence maximized the utility of available data, which were collected as part of monitoring and research programs rather than to specifically support a causal assessment. This case study illustrates how the stressor identification method can be used to draw conclusions from available data about the most likely causes of impairment and to show what additional studies would be useful. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Norton, Susan B AU - Cormier, Susan M AU - Suter, Glenn W AU - Subramanian, Bhagya AU - Lin, Edith AU - Altfater, David AU - Counts, Bernie AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Washington, DC 20460, USA. norton.susan@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 1112 EP - 1124 VL - 21 IS - 6 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Population Dynamics KW - Fishes KW - Invertebrates KW - Research Design KW - Risk Assessment KW - Ohio KW - Ecosystem KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- adverse effects KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71829948?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=Determining+probable+causes+of+ecological+impairment+in+the+Little+Scioto+River%2C+Ohio%2C+USA%3A+part+1.+Listing+candidate+causes+and+analyzing+evidence.&rft.au=Norton%2C+Susan+B%3BCormier%2C+Susan+M%3BSuter%2C+Glenn+W%3BSubramanian%2C+Bhagya%3BLin%2C+Edith%3BAltfater%2C+David%3BCounts%2C+Bernie&rft.aulast=Norton&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1112&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-11-19 N1 - Date created - 2002-06-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cancer risk assessment, indicators, and guidelines for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the ambient air. AN - 71814442; 12060843 AB - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are formed during incomplete combustion. Domestic wood burning and road traffic are the major sources of PAHs in Sweden. In Stockholm, the sum of 14 different PAHs is 100-200 ng/m(3) at the street-level site, the most abundant being phenanthrene. Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) varies between 1 and 2 ng/m(3). Exposure to PAH-containing substances increases the risk of cancer in humans. The carcinogenicity of PAHs is associated with the complexity of the molecule, i.e., increasing number of benzenoid rings, and with metabolic activation to reactive diol epoxide intermediates and their subsequent covalent binding to critical targets in DNA. B[a]P is the main indicator of carcinogenic PAHs. Fluoranthene is an important volatile PAH because it occurs at high concentrations in ambient air and because it is an experimental carcinogen in certain test systems. Thus, fluoranthene is suggested as a complementary indicator to B[a]P. The most carcinogenic PAH identified, dibenzo[a,l]pyrene, is also suggested as an indicator, although it occurs at very low concentrations. Quantitative cancer risk estimates of PAHs as air pollutants are very uncertain because of the lack of useful, good-quality data. According to the World Health Organization Air Quality Guidelines for Europe, the unit risk is 9 X 10(-5) per ng/m(3) of B[a]P as indicator of the total PAH content, namely, lifetime exposure to 0.1 ng/m(3) would theoretically lead to one extra cancer case in 100,000 exposed individuals. This concentration of 0.1 ng/m(3) of B[a]P is suggested as a health-based guideline. Because the carcinogenic potency of fluoranthene has been estimated to be approximately 20 times less than that of B[a]P, a tentative guideline value of 2 ng/m(3) is suggested for fluoranthene. Other significant PAHs are phenanthrene, methylated phenanthrenes/anthracenes and pyrene (high air concentrations), and large-molecule PAHs such as dibenz[a,h]anthracene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, and indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene (high carcinogenicity). Additional source-specific indicators are benzo[ghi]perylene for gasoline vehicles, retene for wood combustion, and dibenzothiophene and benzonaphthothiophene for sulfur-containing fuels. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Boström, Carl-Elis AU - Gerde, Per AU - Hanberg, Annika AU - Jernström, Bengt AU - Johansson, Christer AU - Kyrklund, Titus AU - Rannug, Agneta AU - Törnqvist, Margareta AU - Victorin, Katarina AU - Westerholm, Roger AD - Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Stockholm, Sweden. Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 451 EP - 488 VL - 110 Suppl 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Biomarkers, Tumor KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Public Health KW - Humans KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic KW - Risk Assessment KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Biomarkers, Tumor -- analysis KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- adverse effects KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Neoplasms -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71814442?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Cancer+risk+assessment%2C+indicators%2C+and+guidelines+for+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons+in+the+ambient+air.&rft.au=Bostr%C3%B6m%2C+Carl-Elis%3BGerde%2C+Per%3BHanberg%2C+Annika%3BJernstr%C3%B6m%2C+Bengt%3BJohansson%2C+Christer%3BKyrklund%2C+Titus%3BRannug%2C+Agneta%3BT%C3%B6rnqvist%2C+Margareta%3BVictorin%2C+Katarina%3BWesterholm%2C+Roger&rft.aulast=Bostr%C3%B6m&rft.aufirst=Carl-Elis&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=110+Suppl+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=451&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-07-12 N1 - Date created - 2002-06-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Cancer Res. 2000 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[10647931] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2000 Feb;9(2):207-12 [10698483] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1999 Aug;8(8):675-82 [10744127] Risk Anal. 1999 Apr;19(2):309-20 [10765407] J Natl Cancer Inst. 2000 May 17;92(10):803-11 [10814675] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2000 Jul;9(7):733-9 [10919745] Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2000;14(18):1644-53 [10962485] J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 1989;115(1):67-72 [2921274] Q Rev Biophys. 1989 Feb;22(1):1-37 [2501820] Toxicol Ind Health. 1989 Oct;5(5):851-67 [2683227] Food Chem Toxicol. 1990 Apr;28(4):263-8 [2358252] Drug Metab Rev. 1990;22(1):1-85 [2199176] Br J Ind Med. 1990 Jul;47(7):448-53 [2383513] Scand J Work Environ Health. 1990 Oct;16(5):348-54 [1701566] Cancer Res. 1991 Mar 15;51(6):1659-67 [1900215] Int J Cancer. 1991 Mar 12;47(5):681-5 [1848536] Carcinogenesis. 1991 May;12(5):783-6 [2029742] Science. 1991 Jul 5;253(5015):49-53 [1905840] Adv Exp Med Biol. 1991;283:533-53 [2069024] Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 1991 Apr;13(2):170-84 [1852928] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1991 Apr;16(3):517-24 [1855623] Chem Res Toxicol. 1990 Mar-Apr;3(2):111-7 [2130937] Carcinogenesis. 1991 Oct;12(10):1939-44 [1934274] Carcinogenesis. 1991 Nov;12(11):2007-15 [1657432] Mol Pharmacol. 1991 Nov;40(5):674-8 [1658604] Nutr Cancer. 1991;16(3-4):209-18 [1663613] Chem Res Toxicol. 1989 Sep-Oct;2(5):280-1 [2519818] Carcinogenesis. 1992 Feb;13(2):303-5 [1740022] Carcinogenesis. 1992 Jul;13(7):1075-81 [1322250] Trends Pharmacol Sci. 1992 Sep;13(9):346-52 [1529480] Jpn J Cancer Res. 1992 Aug;83(8):866-70 [1399823] Nature. 1992 Nov 19;360(6401):256-8 [1436106] J Environ Sci Health B. 1992 Dec;27(6):729-49 [1460244] Arch Toxicol. 1992;66(8):538-45 [1463388] Chem Res Toxicol. 1992 Nov-Dec;5(6):779-86 [1489928] Drug Metab Dispos. 1993 Jan-Feb;21(1):1-6 [8095200] Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 1992 Dec;16(3):290-300 [1293646] Carcinogenesis. 1993 May;14(5):875-8 [8504480] Br J Ind Med. 1993 May;50(5):450-9 [8507598] Epidemiology. 1993 May;4(3):237-44 [7685637] Cancer Res. 1993 Jul 15;53(14):3294-301 [8324741] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1993 Aug;121(2):313-8 [8346548] Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1993 Jun 23;685:624-40 [8395783] Carcinogenesis. 1993 Sep;14(9):1871-4 [8403212] Arch Toxicol. 1993;67(7):468-72 [8239995] Am J Epidemiol. 1994 Feb 1;139(3):250-62 [8116600] Carcinogenesis. 1994 Mar;15(3):557-60 [8118943] Chem Biol Interact. 1994 Apr;91(1):15-27 [8194122] Toxicol Lett. 1994 Jun;72(1-3):155-61 [8202928] J Biol Chem. 1987 Nov 15;262(32):15422-7 [2824460] J Chromatogr B Biomed Appl. 1994 Oct 3;660(1):67-73 [7858725] Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1994;66(5):343-8 [7896420] Sci Total Environ. 1995 Feb 24;163(1-3):164-8 [7716494] Teratology. 1994 Nov;50(5):361-6 [7716743] Carcinogenesis. 1995 Apr;16(4):855-60 [7728967] Carcinogenesis. 1995 Jun;16(6):1433-5 [7788865] J Occup Environ Med. 1995 May;37(5):597-604 [7640988] Food Addit Contam. 1995 Sep-Oct;12(5):703-13 [8522036] Cancer Res. 1996 Jan 1;56(1):72-6 [8548778] Pharmacogenetics. 1996 Feb;6(1):1-42 [8845856] Carcinogenesis. 1996 Aug;17(8):1701-4 [8761429] Chem Res Toxicol. 1996 Jan-Feb;9(1):197-207 [8924591] Science. 1996 Oct 18;274(5286):430-2 [8832894] Chemosphere. 1996 Feb;32(4):639-48 [8867146] Mutat Res. 1996 Oct 28;358(1):97-112 [8921980] Biochem Pharmacol. 1996 Nov 22;52(10):1599-612 [8937476] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1996 Dec;34(2):260-4 [8954755] Environ Health Perspect. 1996 Nov;104(11):1166-70 [8959405] Carcinogenesis. 1996 Nov;17(11):2389-94 [8968053] Chem Res Toxicol. 1997 Feb;10(2):111-46 [9049424] Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 1997 Mar;16(3):242-9 [9070608] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Infant exposure to dioxin-like compounds in breast milk. AN - 71797090; 12055063 AB - We used a one-compartment, first-order pharmacokinetic model to predict the infant body burden of dioxin-like compounds that results from breast-feeding. Validation testing of the model showed a good match between predictions and measurements of dioxin toxic equivalents (TEQs) in breast-fed infants, and the exercise highlighted the importance of the assumption of the rate of dissipation of TEQs in the infant. We evaluated five nursing scenarios: no nursing (i.e., formula only), and nursing for 6 weeks, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years. We assumed that an infant weighs 3.3 kg at birth and is exposed to a total of 800 pg TEQ/day by consumption of breast milk, leading to an estimated body weight-based dose of 242 pg TEQ/kg-day, which drops to 18 pg TEQ/kg-day after 1 year. This decline is due to declines in dioxin concentration in mother's milk and infant body weight increases. This range is significantly higher, on a body-weight basis, than adult TEQ exposure, which has been estimated to average about 1 pg TEQ/kg-day. For the nursing scenarios of >or= 6 months, we predict that body burdens (expressed as a body lipid concentration) peak at around 9 weeks at 44 ppt TEQ lipid. We predict that the body burden of the formula-fed infants will remain below 10 ppt TEQ lipid during the first year. These results compare to the current adult average body burden of 25 ppt TEQ lipid. We also found that an infant who had been breast-fed for 1 year had an accumulated dose 6 times higher than a 1-year-old infant who had not been breast-fed. For a 70-year lifetime, individuals who had been breast-fed had an accumulated dose 3-18% higher than individuals who had not been breast-fed. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Lorber, Matthew AU - Phillips, Linda AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. lorber.matthew@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - A325 EP - A332 VL - 110 IS - 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Dioxins KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - Infant KW - Body Weight KW - Humans KW - Body Burden KW - Adult KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Models, Chemical KW - Forecasting KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Female KW - Dioxins -- pharmacokinetics KW - Milk, Human -- chemistry KW - Dioxins -- analysis KW - Breast Feeding KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Infant Welfare KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis KW - Environmental Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71797090?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Infant+exposure+to+dioxin-like+compounds+in+breast+milk.&rft.au=Lorber%2C+Matthew%3BPhillips%2C+Linda&rft.aulast=Lorber&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=A325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-07-23 N1 - Date created - 2002-06-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2000 Apr 28;59(8):605-39 [10839496] Environ Res. 1999 Feb;80(2 Pt 2):S19-S25 [10092416] Risk Anal. 1987 Sep;7(3):347-53 [3685542] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1988 Mar 30;93(1):22-30 [3353999] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1995 Apr;131(2):253-66 [7716767] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1995 Apr;131(2):267-76 [7716768] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1996 Mar;47(4):363-78 [8600289] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1996 Feb 23;47(3):209-20 [8604146] Chemosphere. 1996 Dec;33(12):2373-81 [8976054] Arch Toxicol. 1997;71(6):383-400 [9195020] Am J Public Health. 1997 Oct;87(10):1711-4 [9357362] J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 1998 Apr-Jun;8(2):187-206 [9577750] Environ Health Perspect. 1998 May;106(5):279-89 [9560354] Chemosphere. 1998 Oct-Nov;37(9-12):1657-70 [9828295] Chemosphere. 1998 Oct-Nov;37(9-12):1731-41 [9828301] Environ Health Perspect. 1998 Dec;106(12):775-92 [9831538] Environ Health Perspect. 1999 Jan;107(1):45-51 [9872716] J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 2000 Nov-Dec;10(6 Pt 1):579-85 [11140441] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of benzo[a]pyrene exposure on a fish population resistant to the toxic effects of dioxin-like compounds. AN - 71613528; 11932001 AB - Effects of a model polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) were compared in populations of the estuarine fish Fundulus heteroclitus indigenous to a reference site and one highly contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and other compounds. The fish population resident to the PCB-contaminated site is genetically resistant to those PCB congeners categorized as dioxin-like compounds (DLCs) that act through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). In response to DLC exposures, these DLC-resistant fish showed poor inducibility for enzymes known to be regulated by the AHR pathway and important for the metabolism of xenobiotics including some PAHs that also act as AHR agonists. Therefore, a laboratory study using the model PAH, benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), was conducted to evaluate how PAHs might affect these wild fish populations that differed in their inherent sensitivities to DLCs and in their tissue concentrations of contaminants. Following BaP treatment, the activities of two xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes and the concentrations of BaP-DNA adducts, as measured using the 32P-postlabeling method, were lower in the livers of DLC-resistant than reference fish. These results suggest that DLC-resistance could provide protection following chronic exposures to PAHs from the long-term consequences of DNA adduct formation, such as cancer. Alternatively, reduced metabolism and elimination of toxic or photo-activated PAHs could have acute consequences to the health and reproduction of these DLC-resistant fish and their progeny. These fish populations provide useful models to evaluate the potential costs and benefits of genetic adaptation in wildlife populations subject to anthropogenic stress. JF - Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) AU - Nacci, Diane E AU - Kohan, Michael AU - Pelletier, Marguerite AU - George, Elizabeth AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Atlantic Ecology Division, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA. nacci.diane@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 203 EP - 215 VL - 57 IS - 4 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - DNA Adducts KW - 0 KW - Dioxins KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon KW - Xenobiotics KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - 3417WMA06D KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Sex Factors KW - Xenobiotics -- metabolism KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- toxicity KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 -- metabolism KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Dioxins -- toxicity KW - DNA Adducts -- metabolism KW - Adaptation, Physiological KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon -- metabolism KW - Female KW - Male KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 -- drug effects KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Fundulidae -- metabolism KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Fundulidae -- genetics KW - Benzo(a)pyrene -- toxicity KW - Fundulidae -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71613528?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Estimated+Chesapeake+Bay+water+quality+and+living+resource+response+to+different+nutrient+and+sediment+loads&rft.au=Linker%2C+L&rft.aulast=Linker&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-06 N1 - Date created - 2002-04-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A digital elevation model for the Nogoa River catchment, Queensland; challenges and solutions AN - 52036473; 2003-002406 AB - The Nogoa River catchment in the Fitzroy Basin is a very significant contributor to the Queensland economy. The topographical complexity of this catchment requires efficient and effective management of the environment to sustain both economic and ecological benefits. Information on terrain shape and drainage structure is important in developing sustainable management practices. This paper outlines the methods used and the challenges faced during the development of a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) for the Nogoa River catchment. It is also intended to assist those involved in DEM creation to understand potential problems and to plan ahead to maximise-efficiency. JF - Cartography AU - Adsett, K AU - Leslie, M AU - Hewavisenthi, S AU - Hewavisenthi, C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 109 EP - 114 PB - Australian Institute of Cartographers, Canberra, A.C.T. VL - 31 IS - 1 SN - 0069-0805, 0069-0805 KW - hydrology KW - Nogoa River basin KW - land cover KW - Fitzroy Basin KW - Australasia KW - elevation KW - rivers and streams KW - mapping KW - digital terrain models KW - topography KW - geographic information systems KW - Queensland Australia KW - fluvial features KW - drainage basins KW - streams KW - information systems KW - Australia KW - braided streams KW - land use KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52036473?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cartography&rft.atitle=A+digital+elevation+model+for+the+Nogoa+River+catchment%2C+Queensland%3B+challenges+and+solutions&rft.au=Adsett%2C+K%3BLeslie%2C+M%3BHewavisenthi%2C+S%3BHewavisenthi%2C+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Adsett&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cartography&rft.issn=00690805&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Mapping Sciences 2002 conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - A.C.T. N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CRTGAI N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australasia; Australia; braided streams; digital terrain models; drainage basins; elevation; Fitzroy Basin; fluvial features; geographic information systems; hydrology; information systems; land cover; land use; mapping; Nogoa River basin; Queensland Australia; rivers and streams; streams; topography ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization and FATE of PAH-contaminated sediments at the Wyckoff/Eagle Harbor Superfund Site AN - 51840632; 2004-044985 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Brenner, Richard C AU - Magar, Victor S AU - Ickes, Jennifer A AU - Abbott, James E AU - Stout, Scott A AU - Crecelius, Eric A AU - Bingler, Linda S Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 2605 EP - 2613 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 36 IS - 12 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - United States KW - sorption KW - shallow-water environment KW - degradation KW - creosote KW - chemical waste KW - urbanization KW - environmental analysis KW - seepage KW - urban environment KW - remediation KW - human ecology KW - waste management KW - Puget Sound KW - toxicity KW - sedimentation rates KW - sediments KW - natural attenuation KW - discharge KW - Superfund sites KW - hydrology KW - concentration KW - Wyckoff/Eagle Harbor Site KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - sedimentation KW - harbors KW - pollution KW - King County Washington KW - nearshore environment KW - bioremediation KW - weathering KW - biota KW - habitat KW - organic compounds KW - Seattle Washington KW - runoff KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - coastal environment KW - risk assessment KW - Bainbridge Island KW - aquatic environment KW - land use KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51840632?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Characterization+and+FATE+of+PAH-contaminated+sediments+at+the+Wyckoff%2FEagle+Harbor+Superfund+Site&rft.au=Brenner%2C+Richard+C%3BMagar%2C+Victor+S%3BIckes%2C+Jennifer+A%3BAbbott%2C+James+E%3BStout%2C+Scott+A%3BCrecelius%2C+Eric+A%3BBingler%2C+Linda+S&rft.aulast=Brenner&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2605&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; aromatic hydrocarbons; Bainbridge Island; bioremediation; biota; chemical waste; coastal environment; concentration; creosote; degradation; discharge; environmental analysis; habitat; harbors; human ecology; hydrocarbons; hydrology; King County Washington; land use; natural attenuation; nearshore environment; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Puget Sound; remediation; risk assessment; runoff; Seattle Washington; sedimentation; sedimentation rates; sediments; seepage; shallow-water environment; sorption; Superfund sites; toxicity; United States; urban environment; urbanization; Washington; waste management; weathering; Wyckoff/Eagle Harbor Site ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scientific considerations related to regulation development for CO (sub 2) sequestration in brine formations AN - 51169617; 2002-054610 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Benson, Sally M AU - Kobelski, Bruce AU - Smith, Robert E AU - Shestakov, Vsevolod M Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 275 EP - 281 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 42 IS - 2-3 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - United States KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - contaminant plumes KW - regulations KW - injection KW - pollution KW - research KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - aquifers KW - physical properties KW - safety KW - viscosity KW - liquid waste KW - brines KW - chemical properties KW - policy KW - waste disposal KW - leaching KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51169617?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Scientific+considerations+related+to+regulation+development+for+CO+%28sub+2%29+sequestration+in+brine+formations&rft.au=Tsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BBenson%2C+Sally+M%3BKobelski%2C+Bruce%3BSmith%2C+Robert+E%3BShestakov%2C+Vsevolod+M&rft.aulast=Tsang&rft.aufirst=Chin-Fu&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; brines; carbon dioxide; chemical properties; contaminant plumes; experimental studies; ground water; injection; leaching; liquid waste; monitoring; physical properties; policy; pollution; regulations; research; safety; United States; viscosity; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phytoremediation: An ecological solution to organic chemical contamination AN - 20970931; 5449039 AB - Phytoremediation is a promising new technology that uses plants to degrade, assimilate, metabolize, or detoxify metals, hydrocarbons, pesticides, and chlorinated solvents. In this review, in situ, in vivo and in vitro methods of application are described for remediation of these compounds. Phytoaccumulation, phytoextraction, phytostabilization, phytotransformation, phytovolatilization and rhizodegradation are discussed and the role of enzymes in transforming organic chemicals in plants is presented. The advantages and constraints of phytoremediation are provided. Our conclusions is that phytoremediation prescriptions must be site-specific; however, these applications have the potential for providing the most cost-effective and resource-conservative approach for remediating sites contaminated with a variety of hazardous chemicals. JF - Ecological Engineering AU - Susarla, S AU - Medina, V F AU - McCutcheon, S C AD - GeoSyntec Consultants, 1100 Lake Hearn Dr., N.E., Suite 200, Atlanta, GA 30342, USA, Mccutcheon.Steven@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - Jun 2002 SP - 647 EP - 658 VL - 18 IS - 5 SN - 0925-8574, 0925-8574 KW - Phytoremediation KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Detoxification KW - Organochlorine compounds KW - Bioremediation KW - Contamination KW - Economics KW - Wetlands KW - Chemical pollution KW - phytoremediation KW - Rivers KW - Pollutant removal KW - Metals KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Solvents KW - Enzymes KW - Reviews KW - Pesticides KW - Plants KW - Environmental restoration KW - Environment management KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - D 04804:Pollution control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20970931?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Engineering&rft.atitle=Phytoremediation%3A+An+ecological+solution+to+organic+chemical+contamination&rft.au=Susarla%2C+S%3BMedina%2C+V+F%3BMcCutcheon%2C+S+C&rft.aulast=Susarla&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=647&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Engineering&rft.issn=09258574&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-10-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Ecology engineering applied to river and wetland restoration. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Metals; Bioremediation; Organochlorine compounds; Contamination; Hydrocarbons; Solvents; Enzymes; Reviews; Pesticides; Economics; Plants; Environmental restoration; Wetlands; phytoremediation; Environment management; Detoxification; Pollutant removal; Phytoremediation; Chemical pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cosolvent effects on sorption isotherm linearity AN - 19389518; 5403827 AB - Sorption-desorption hysteresis, slow desorption kinetics, and other nonideal phenomena have been attributed to the differing sorptive characteristics of the natural organic polymers associated with soils and sediments. In this study, aqueous and mixed solvent systems were used to investigate the effects of a cosolvent, methanol, on sorption isotherm linearity with natural organic matter (NOM), and to evaluate whether these results support, or weaken, the rubbery/glassy polymer conceptualization of NOM. All of the sorption isotherms displayed some nonlinear character. Our data indicates that all of the phenanthrene and atrazine isotherms were nonlinear up to the highest equilibrium solution concentration to solute solubility in water or cosolvent ratios (C sub(e)/S sub(w,c)) used, approximately 0.018 and 0.070, respectively. Isotherm linearity was also observed to increase with volumetric methanol content (f sub(c)). This observation is consistent with the NOM rubbery/glassy polymer conceptualization: the presence of methanol in NOM increased isotherm linearity as do solvents in synthetic polymers, and suggests that methanol is interacting with the NOM, enhancing its homogeneity as a sorptive phase so that sorption is less bimodal as f sub(c) increases. When the equilibrium solution concentration was normalized for solute solubility in water or methanol-water solutions, greater relative sorption magnitude was observed for the methanol-water treatments. This observation, in conjunction with the faster sorption kinetics observed in the methanol-water sediment column systems, indicates that the increase in relative sorption magnitude with f sub(c) may be attributed to the faster sorption kinetics in the methanol-water systems, and hence, greater relative sorptive uptake for the rubbery polymer fraction of NOM at similar time scales. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Bouchard, D C AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Ecosystems Research Division, 960 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30605, USA, bouchard.dermont@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 159 EP - 174 VL - 56 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Theoretical Analysis KW - Path of Pollutants KW - Methanol KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Polymers (see also Polyelectrolytes) KW - Solutes KW - Organic Matter KW - Hydrology KW - Isotherms KW - Experimental Data KW - Sorption KW - Sediment chemistry KW - Organic matter KW - Solvents KW - Herbicides KW - Pollution (Groundwater) KW - Kinetics KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Sorption (see also Absorption, Adsorption) KW - Polymers KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19389518?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Cosolvent+effects+on+sorption+isotherm+linearity&rft.au=Bouchard%2C+D+C&rft.aulast=Bouchard&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment chemistry; Solutes; Sorption; Organic matter; Solvents; Hydrology; Herbicides; Isotherms; Kinetics; Pollution dispersion; Groundwater pollution; Pollution (Groundwater); Methanol; Sorption (see also Absorption, Adsorption); Polymers (see also Polyelectrolytes); Theoretical Analysis; Experimental Data; Organic Matter; Path of Pollutants; Groundwater Pollution; Polymers ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interim definition of stressed basins in Massachusetts AN - 18475908; 5443756 AB - A definition of a stressed river basin for Massachusetts has been proposed to help regulators and project proponents anticipate areas of the State in which water supply withdrawal or sewer projects may result in a significant environmental impact. Stressed areas were determined by comparing low flow statistics for 67 rivers in 23 of the 27 major river basins. A second method based on a simplified water use budget was outlined which could be easily applied on a case by case basis to smaller sub-basins or areas with no data. Net sub-basin water losses can be compared to estimated-streamflows to determine stress. JF - Journal of New England Water Works Association AU - Gartland, V J AD - Massachusetts Water Resources Commission, Office of Water Resources, Department of Environmental Management, Boston, MA, USA Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - Jun 2002 SP - 93 EP - 114 VL - 116 IS - 2 SN - 0028-4939, 0028-4939 KW - USA, Massachusetts KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - SW 4020:Evaluation process UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18475908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+New+England+Water+Works+Association&rft.atitle=Interim+definition+of+stressed+basins+in+Massachusetts&rft.au=Gartland%2C+V+J&rft.aulast=Gartland&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+New+England+Water+Works+Association&rft.issn=00284939&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Effects of Atrazine Metabolites on Puberty and Thyroid Function in the Male Wistar Rat AN - 18446589; 5419962 AB - Recently we reported that atrazine (ATR), a chlorotriazine herbicide, alters the onset of puberty in male Wistar rats. In this study, we examined the same reproductive parameters in the developing male rat following a similar exposure to the primary, chlorinated metabolites of atrazine. Intact male Wistar rats were gavaged from postnatal day (PND) 23 through PND 53 and several reproductive endpoints were examined. The doses selected were the molar equivalents to atrazine in our previous work. Deethylatrazine (DEA), deisopropyl-atrazine (DIA), and diaminochlorotriazine (DACT) were administered by gavage at doses equivalent to the atrazine equimolar doses (AED) of 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg. Preputial separation (PPS) was significantly delayed by DEA at 25, 100, and 200 AED, by DIA at 25, 100, and 200 AED, and by DACT at 12.5 through 200 AED. When the males were killed on PND 53, DEA (100 and 200 AED), DIA (50 through 200 AED), and DACT (200 AED) treatments caused a significant reduction in ventral prostate weight, while only the highest doses of DIA and DEA resulted in a significant decrease in lateral prostate weight. Seminal vesicle weight was reduced by DEA (25, 100, and 200 AED), DIA (100 and 200 AED), and 100 and 200 AED of DACT. Epididymal weights were reduced in the DEA (200 AED), DIA (200 AED), and DACT (100 and 200 AED) treatment groups. Serum testosterone was reduced only in the males receiving the 2 highest doses of DIA. Serum estrone was increased in the 2 highest doses of the DACT group, while serum estradiol was not different in any group. No differences were observed in any of the thyroid measures. In summary, the metabolites of ATR delay puberty in a manner similar to that observed in the previous study testing atrazine. These data also suggest that the 3 chlorinated metabolites are similar to ATR, by affecting the CNS control of the pituitary/gonadal axis and subsequent development of the reproductive tract. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Stoker, TE AU - Guidici, D L AU - Laws, S C AU - Cooper, R L AD - Gamete and Early Embryo Biology Branch and Endocrinology Branch, Reproductive Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - Jun 2002 SP - 198 EP - 206 VL - 67 IS - 2 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - pituitary-gonadal system KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24135:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18446589?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=The+Effects+of+Atrazine+Metabolites+on+Puberty+and+Thyroid+Function+in+the+Male+Wistar+Rat&rft.au=Stoker%2C+TE%3BGuidici%2C+D+L%3BLaws%2C+S+C%3BCooper%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Stoker&rft.aufirst=TE&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=198&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential particulate air pollution induced oxidant stress in human granulocytes, monocytes and alveolar macrophages AN - 18432868; 5417440 AB - It has been proposed that oxidant stress of cells in the lung is one of the underlying mechanisms of particulate pollution-induced exacerbation of lung disease. Individuals who are considered most sensitive to particulate pollution are those with pre-existing airways inflammation, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung infection or asthma. These diseases are characterized by a presence of inflammatory cells in the airways including neutrophils (PMN), eosinophils and monocytes (Mo), and increased numbers of alveolar macrophages (AM). These cells have a high capacity for production of oxygen radicals, as compared to other cell types of the lung. To assess the oxidative response of these various cell types to pollution particles of various sources, luminol-dependent chemiluminescence was employed. Particles including transition metal-rich residual oil fly ashes (ROFAs), coal fly ashes, diesel, SiO sub(2), TiO sub(2) and fugitive dusts were co-cultured with AM, Mo and PMN in a dose range of 10-100 mu g/2x10 super(5) cells and chemiluminescence determined following a 20-min interaction. A strong oxidant response of AM was restricted to oil fly ashes, while the PMN were most reactive to the dusts containing aluminium silicate. In general, the Mo response was less vigorous, but overlapped both AM- and PMN-stimulating dusts. However, in response to SiO sub(2) and volcanic ash the Mo chemiluminescence exceeded that of the other cell types. Oxygen radicals generated in response to ROFA by the AM were likely to be dependent on mitochondrial processes, while the response in PMN involved the membrane NADPH oxidase complex, as determined by targeting inhibitors. The response of AM to SiO sub(2) of various sizes and TiO sub(2) in the fine size range obtained from different commercial sources, was highly variable, implying that composition rather than size was responsible for the oxidant response. A strong chemiluminescence response was not consistently associated with cytotoxicity in the responsive cell. Taken together, these results suggest that oxidant activation by various sources of particulate matter is cell specific. Therefore, the inflamed lung is likely to be more susceptible to harm of ambient air particulates because of the oxidant stress posed by a broader range of particles. JF - Toxicology In Vitro AU - Becker, S AU - Soukup, J M AU - Gallagher, JE AD - US EPA, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, becker.susanne@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - Jun 2002 SP - 209 EP - 218 VL - 16 IS - 3 SN - 0887-2333, 0887-2333 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18432868?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+In+Vitro&rft.atitle=Differential+particulate+air+pollution+induced+oxidant+stress+in+human+granulocytes%2C+monocytes+and+alveolar+macrophages&rft.au=Becker%2C+S%3BSoukup%2C+J+M%3BGallagher%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Becker&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+In+Vitro&rft.issn=08872333&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A methodology for inferring the causes of observed impairments in aquatic ecosystems AN - 18421729; 5403016 AB - Biological surveys have become a common technique for determining whether aquatic communities have been injured. However, their results are not useful for identifying management options until the causes of apparent injuries have been identified. Techniques for determining causation have been largely informal and ad hoc. This paper presents a logical system for causal inference. It begins by analyzing the available information to generate causal evidence; available information may include spatial or temporal associations of potential cause and effect, field or laboratory experimental results, and diagnostic evidence from the affected organisms. It then uses a series of three alternative methods to infer the cause: Elimination of causes, diagnostic protocols, and analysis of the strength of evidence. If the cause cannot be identified with sufficient confidence, the reality of the effects is examined, and if the effects are determined to be real, more information is obtained to reiterate the process. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Suter, GW II AU - Norton, S B AU - Cormier, S M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., MS 117, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA, suter.glenn@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - Jun 2002 SP - 1101 EP - 1111 VL - 21 IS - 6 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - D 04001:Methodology - general KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes KW - Q5 01502:Methods and instruments KW - Q1 01382:Ecological techniques and apparatus KW - D 04300:Aquatic ecosystems - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18421729?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=A+methodology+for+inferring+the+causes+of+observed+impairments+in+aquatic+ecosystems&rft.au=Suter%2C+GW+II%3BNorton%2C+S+B%3BCormier%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Suter&rft.aufirst=GW&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting levels of stress from biological assessment data: Empirical models from the Eastern Corn Belt Plains, Ohio, USA AN - 18418792; 5403022 AB - Interest is increasing in using biological community data to provide information on the specific types of anthropogenic influences impacting streams. We built empirical models that predict the level of six different types of stress with fish and benthic macroinvertebrate data as explanatory variables. Significant models were found for six stressor factors: stream corridor structure; siltation; total suspended solids (TSS), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and iron (Fe); chemical oxygen demand (COD) and BOD; zinc (Zn) and lead (Pb); and nitrate and nitrite (NO sub(x)) and phosphorus (P). Model R super(2) values were lowest for the siltation factor and highest for TSS, BOD, and Fe. Model R super(2) values increased when spatial relationships were incorporated into the model. The models generally performed well when applied to a random subset of the data. Performance was more mixed when models were applied to data collected from a previous time period, perhaps because of a change in the spatial structure of these systems. These models may provide a useful indication of the levels of different stresses impacting stream reaches in the Eastern Corn Belt Plains ecoregion of Ohio, USA. More generally, the models provide additional evidence that biological communities can serve as useful indicators of the types of anthropogenic stress impacting aquatic systems. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Norton, S B AU - Cormier, S M AU - Smith, M AU - Jones, R C AU - Schubauer-Berigan, M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Washington, DC 20460, USA, norton.susan@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - Jun 2002 SP - 1168 EP - 1175 VL - 21 IS - 6 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts KW - D 04803:Pollution effects KW - Q1 01422:Environmental effects KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Z 05210:Aquatic entomology KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - Q5 01504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18418792?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Predicting+levels+of+stress+from+biological+assessment+data%3A+Empirical+models+from+the+Eastern+Corn+Belt+Plains%2C+Ohio%2C+USA&rft.au=Norton%2C+S+B%3BCormier%2C+S+M%3BSmith%2C+M%3BJones%2C+R+C%3BSchubauer-Berigan%2C+M&rft.aulast=Norton&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1168&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Response of a rare herb (Trioncinia retroflexa ) from semi-arid tropical grassland to occasional fire and grazing AN - 18409830; 5399991 AB - Trioncinia retroflexa (Asteraceae) is a rare perennial herb endemic to Dichanthium -dominated grasslands on basaltic soils in central Queensland. Trioncinia lives for approximately 5 years and some seed remains viable in the soil for at least 18 months. Population densities increased sixfold over 4 years, coinciding with recovery during a period of above-average rainfall after a 4-year drought preceding this study. The species' lifespan, which can exceed 5 years, coupled with its extended seed-bank viability ensures that populations can endure drought despite low levels of seedling recruitment. The restricted occurrence of the species to spasmodically grazed stock routes provides evidence that Trioncinia is sensitive to the continuous grazing that typically occurs in paddocks. The hypothesis that the species requires occasional disturbance for survival was experimentally tested. Recruitment was depressed with burning and inflorescence production enhanced with both burning and simulated intense spasmodic grazing after the first application of treatments. However, these effects were not evident after a second application of the treatments and there were no significant effects of treatment on population densities at the completion of the 4-year experiment. Although not requisite, sporadic dry-season grazing and burning of these areas would appear to be compatible with the survival of Trioncinia. This project highlights the value of stock routes for rare plant conservation. JF - Austral Ecology AU - Fensham, R J AU - Fairfax, R J AU - Holman, JE AD - Queensland Herbarium, Environmental Protection Agency, Mount Coot-tha Road, Toowong, Queensland 4066, Australia, rod.fensham@env.qld.gov.au Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - Jun 2002 SP - 284 EP - 290 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 27 IS - 3 SN - 1442-9985, 1442-9985 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04640:Other angiosperms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18409830?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Austral+Ecology&rft.atitle=Response+of+a+rare+herb+%28Trioncinia+retroflexa+%29+from+semi-arid+tropical+grassland+to+occasional+fire+and+grazing&rft.au=Fensham%2C+R+J%3BFairfax%2C+R+J%3BHolman%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Fensham&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=284&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Austral+Ecology&rft.issn=14429985&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1442-9993.2002.01180.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-9993.2002.01180.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Landscape and Watershed Processes: Landscape Metrics and Estuarine Sediment Contamination in the Mid-Atlantic and Southern New England Regions AN - 16151973; 5411167 AB - In a previously published study, quantitative relationships were developed between landscape metrics and sediment contamination for 25 small estuarine systems within Chesapeake Bay. These analyses have been extended to include 75 small estuarine systems across the mid-Atlantic and southern New England regions of the USA. Because of the different characteristics and dynamics of the estuaries across these regions, adjustment for differing hydrology, sediment characteristics, and sediment origins were included in the analysis. Multiple linear regression with stepwise selection was used to develop statistical models for sediment metals, organics, and total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The landscape metrics important for explaining the variation in sediment metals levels (R super(2) = 0.72) were the percent area of nonforested wetlands (negative contribution), percent area of urban land, and point source effluent volume and metals input (positive contributions). The metrics important for sediment organics levels (R super(2) = 0.5) and total PAHs (R super(2) = 0.46) were percent area of urban land (positive contribution) and percent area of nonforested wetlands (negative contribution). These models included silt-clay content (metals) or total organic C (organics, total PAHs) of sediments and grouping by estuarine hydrology, suggesting the importance of sediment characteristics and hydrology in mitigating the influence of the landscape metrics on sediment contamination levels. The overall results from this study are indicative of how statistical models can be developed relating landscape metrics to estuarine sediment contamination for distributions of land cover and point source discharges. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Paul, J F AU - Comeleo, R L AU - Copeland, J AD - USEPA, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA, paul.john@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - Jun 2002 SP - 836 EP - 845 VL - 31 IS - 3 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - USA, New England KW - USA, mid-Atlantic KW - landscape KW - landscape metrics KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Land Use KW - Regression Analysis KW - Urbanization KW - Water Pollution Sources KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Statistical analysis KW - Forests KW - Freshwater KW - ANW, USA, New England KW - Watersheds KW - Regression analysis KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Wetlands KW - Urban areas KW - Metals KW - Sediment pollution KW - Mathematical models KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Fate of Pollutants KW - USA, Chesapeake Bay KW - Estuaries KW - Brackish KW - Effluents KW - ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay KW - Contaminated sediments KW - Land use KW - Statistical Models KW - Effluent KW - Organic Compounds KW - Hydrocarbon KW - Organic compounds KW - Pollution (Water) KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16151973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Landscape+and+Watershed+Processes%3A+Landscape+Metrics+and+Estuarine+Sediment+Contamination+in+the+Mid-Atlantic+and+Southern+New+England+Regions&rft.au=Paul%2C+J+F%3BComeleo%2C+R+L%3BCopeland%2C+J&rft.aulast=Paul&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=836&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment pollution; Metals; Urbanization; Estuaries; Pollution dispersion; Statistical analysis; Forests; Watersheds; Land use; Regression analysis; Aromatic hydrocarbons; Wetlands; Organic compounds; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Mathematical models; Urban areas; Effluent; Hydrocarbon; Contaminated sediments; Pollution (Water); Land Use; Regression Analysis; Hydrocarbons; Water Pollution Sources; Fate of Pollutants; Statistical Models; Sediment Contamination; Organic Compounds; Effluents; USA, Chesapeake Bay; ANW, USA, New England; ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay; Freshwater; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Guidelines and Resources for Conducting an Environmental Crime Investigation in the United States AN - 16150330; 5491139 AB - Common environmental crimes in the United States include the illegal disposal of hazardous waste, unpermitted discharges to sewer systems or surface water, discharge of oil by vessels to waters within United States jurisdiction, the misapplication of pesticides, the illegal importation of ozone-depleting substances, data falsification, and laboratory fraud. Federal, state, and sometimes local statutes and regulations are in place to protect the water, air, land, and human health. From a federal perspective, these include the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) for hazardous wastes, the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) for toxic substances, the Clean Air Act (CAA), the Clean Water Act (CWA), the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) for abandoned waste sites, and the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) for pesticides. Each of these laws contains some standard methods for sampling and analyses to prove environmental crimes. The Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) contains the specific requirements of the laws. Within the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), the Criminal Investigation Division (CID) of the Office of Criminal Enforcement, Forensics and Training (OCEFT) has the responsibility to investigate criminal offenses. Criminal offenses are more serious in nature than civil violations in the United States. To successfully prosecute an environmental criminal case, the government has to prove, beyond a reasonable doubt, that a corporation or person knowingly violated an environmental statute containing criminal sanctions. The same environmental forensic techniques used to provide scientifically defensible data prevail in both civil and criminal cases; the only distinction between the two types of cases is legal. JF - Environmental Forensics AU - Suggs, JA AU - Beam, E W AU - Biggs, DE AU - Collins, W Jr AU - Dusenbury, M R AU - MacLeish, P P AU - Nottingham, KE AU - Smith, D J AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Enforcement Investigations Center, Denver Federal Center, Building 53, P.O. Box 25227, Denver, CO 80225-0227, USA, suggs.jennifer@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - Jun 2002 SP - 91 EP - 113 VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 1527-5922, 1527-5922 KW - forensics KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Federal regulations KW - Legal aspects KW - Pollution violations KW - environmental law KW - Legislation KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16150330?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Forensics&rft.atitle=Guidelines+and+Resources+for+Conducting+an+Environmental+Crime+Investigation+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Suggs%2C+JA%3BBeam%2C+E+W%3BBiggs%2C+DE%3BCollins%2C+W+Jr%3BDusenbury%2C+M+R%3BMacLeish%2C+P+P%3BNottingham%2C+KE%3BSmith%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Suggs&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Forensics&rft.issn=15275922&rft_id=info:doi/10.1006%2Fenfo.2002.0084 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Federal regulations; Legal aspects; Pollution violations; environmental law; Legislation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/enfo.2002.0084 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lack of antiandrogenic effects in adult male rats following acute exposure to 2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) AN - 18432786; 5417411 AB - Although the insecticide dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) was banned in the US in 1972, DDT and its major metabolite 2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethylene (DDE) are still persistent in the environment. DDE at high doses is antiandrogenic in fetal and adult rats and, therefore, is of concern in humans exposed environmentally. The objective of this work was to determine the dose-response relationship between DDE and its antiandrogenic effect in adult, male rats and to quantitate the concentration of DDE in tissues following oral exposures. Adult, male, Long-Evans rats (11-13 weeks) were castrated, implanted with testosterone capsules, and dosed by oral gavage with 0, 5, 12.5, 25, 50, or 100 mg DDE per kg body weight (BW) per day in corn oil for 4 days. On day 5 the rats were euthanized and liver, adrenals, ventral prostate, and seminal vesicles were weighed as a measure of response to DDE exposure. Blood, adrenals, brain, fat, kidney, lung, liver, muscle, ventral prostate, seminal vesicles, and skin were analyzed for DDE concentrations. Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone were measured in serum. There was a decrease in prostate weight that was not dose dependent; only the prostate weights in rats treated with 12.5 mg DDE per kg BW per day were reduced significantly compared to controls. The liver displayed a dose-dependent increase in weight that was significantly greater than control at DDE doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg BW per day. Blood concentrations of DDE ranged from 0.32 to 11.3 ppm, while tissue concentrations ranged from 0.72 to 2620 ppm with the highest concentration in fat. Although DDE concentrations in the androgen-responsive tissues were higher than concentrations previously shown in vitro to inhibit androgen-receptor transcriptional activity, these concentrations did not appear to be antiandrogenic in vivo. The doses administered to the rats in this study are at least 10 super(5)-fold greater than the daily, average of human dietary intake of DDE. JF - Toxicology AU - Leavens, T L AU - Sparrow, B R AU - Devito, MJ AD - Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, leavens.teresa@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/05/24/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 May 24 SP - 69 EP - 78 VL - 174 IS - 2 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - adults KW - endocrine disruptors KW - males KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24131:Acute exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18432786?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Lack+of+antiandrogenic+effects+in+adult+male+rats+following+acute+exposure+to+2%2C2-bis%284-chlorophenyl%29-1%2C1-dichloroethylene+%28p%2Cp%27-DDE%29&rft.au=Leavens%2C+T+L%3BSparrow%2C+B+R%3BDevito%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Leavens&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-05-24&rft.volume=174&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative evaluation of bromodichloromethane metabolism by recombinant rat and human cytochrome P450s. AN - 71842712; 12076521 AB - We report quantitative estimates of the parameters for metabolism of bromodichloromethane (BDCM) by recombinant preparations of hepatic cytochrome P450s (CYPs) from rat and human. Earlier work identified CYP2E1, CYP2B1/2 and CYP1A2 as activating enzymes necessary for hepatotoxicity in rat. In order to extend an existing PBPK model for rat to include a capability for extrapolation to humans, it is necessary to evaluate quantitatively the principal metabolic pathways in both species. We have conducted in vitro experiments using recombinant preparations of the three rat CYP isoenzymes mentioned above and for CYP2C11 and CYP3A1 as well. Similar experiments have been performed with human recombinant isoenzymes for CYP2E1, CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4. Results indicate that the principal metabolizing enzymes in rat are those identified previously, CYP2E1, CYP2B1/2 and CYP1A2. CYP3A1 may also have some activity. In human, CYP2E1, CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 show substantial activity, and CYP2A6 also measurably metabolizes BDCM. In both species, CYP2E1 is the low K(m) isoenzyme, with K(m) approximately 27-fold lower than those for the isoenzymes with the next lowest K(m). In addition, the metabolic parameters, K(m) and k(cat), for rat and human CYP2E1 were nearly identical. The metabolic parameters for CYP1A2, the only other isoenzyme active in both species, were not similar across species. In addition, calculations based on the kinetic constants obtained are compared to results from two in vivo experiments to show that the in vitro kinetic data is relevant to in vivo exposures. We conclude that although several CYPs metabolize BDCM, at low concentration/exposure, BDCM metabolism is dominated by CYP2E1 in both rat and human, but that other isoenzymes can be important at higher concentrations. We further conclude that the kinetic data are consistent with existing in vivo results. JF - Chemico-biological interactions AU - Allis, John W AU - Zhao, Guangyu AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. jwallis@telocity.com Y1 - 2002/05/20/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 May 20 SP - 137 EP - 153 VL - 140 IS - 2 SN - 0009-2797, 0009-2797 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Isoenzymes KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Trihalomethanes KW - bromodichloromethane KW - 7LN464CH2O KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 KW - EC 1.14.13.- KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Cyp3a1 protein, rat KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B1 KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Recombinant Proteins -- metabolism KW - Kinetics KW - Humans KW - Carcinogens -- pharmacokinetics KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B1 -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 -- metabolism KW - Isoenzymes -- metabolism KW - Trihalomethanes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71842712?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemico-biological+interactions&rft.atitle=Quantitative+evaluation+of+bromodichloromethane+metabolism+by+recombinant+rat+and+human+cytochrome+P450s.&rft.au=Allis%2C+John+W%3BZhao%2C+Guangyu&rft.aulast=Allis&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2002-05-20&rft.volume=140&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemico-biological+interactions&rft.issn=00092797&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-21 N1 - Date created - 2002-06-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation into the rejuvenation of spent electroless nickel baths by electrodialysis. AN - 71746264; 12038841 AB - Electroless nickel plating generates substantially more waste than other metal-finishing processes due to the inherent limited bath life and the need for regular bath disposal. Electrodialysis can be used to regenerate electroless nickel baths, but poor membrane permselectivity, leading to high losses of valuable bath components, continues to be a weakness of the technology. This research has investigated improving electrodialysis permselectivity for removing contaminants (sodium, orthophosphite, and sulfate) in a spent electroless nickel bath while minimizing the losses of valuable bath ions (nickel, hypophosphite, and organic acids). Ion permselectivity was explored with respect to electrodialysis operating conditions, membrane type, and cell configuration. Excellent permselectivity for sodium over nickel was attained irrespective of operating condition, membrane, or cell configuration. Studies on the effects of four different operating conditions (current density, pH, flow rate, and temperature) on anion permselectivity revealed bath pH and current density to be critical operating parameters. The type of anion exchange membrane used had a crucial effect on selectivity; one membrane (Ionac MA-3475) was identified as having superior selectivity for bath contaminants particularly for sulfate. The improvements in electrodialysis permselectivity established by this research will decrease waste generation within the electroless nickel process and increase resource productivity by minimizing the loss of valuable plating chemicals. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Bolger, Paul T AU - Szlag, David C AD - Clean Processes Branch, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA. paul.bolger@bnm.ie Y1 - 2002/05/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 May 15 SP - 2273 EP - 2278 VL - 36 IS - 10 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Industrial Waste KW - 0 KW - Nickel KW - 7OV03QG267 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Ion Exchange KW - Electroplating -- methods KW - Nickel -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71746264?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Investigation+into+the+rejuvenation+of+spent+electroless+nickel+baths+by+electrodialysis.&rft.au=Bolger%2C+Paul+T%3BSzlag%2C+David+C&rft.aulast=Bolger&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2002-05-15&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2273&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-12-30 N1 - Date created - 2002-05-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of aging and pH on dissolution kinetics and stability of chloropyromorphite. AN - 71726627; 12038830 AB - The objectives of this research were to understand the effect of aging time on chloropyromorphite stability by dissolution, to examine physical and chemical alterations of the pyromorphite samples, and to model the kinetic data collected from the dissolution experiments. The results of this investigation indicate that chloropyromorphite formation is kinetically rapid and that its dissolution in acid is thermodynamically stable, ideal conditions for Pb immobilization that has emerged as a potential remediation strategy. In terms of aging prior to dissolution, X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopies were unable to distinguish fundamental differences in progressively aged samples; however, high-resolution thermogravimetric analysis (HRTGA) did demonstrate thatthe thermostability of the chloropyromorphite material increased with increasing residence time. The stirred-flow and batch dissolution studies suggest that the aging process ceased within 24 h and that the dissolution rate of the 1-day aged sample was not significantly different than the 1-year aged specimen. The amount of Pb released peaked at 21% (1-h sample, stirred-flow, pH 2.0) and was as low as 0.17% (1-year sample, batch method, pH 6.0). Postdissolution analyses of chloropyromorphite with XAFS, XRD, and HRTGA revealed no detectable chemical alterations of the pyromorphite samples signifying only release of dissolved Pb to solution and no formation of secondary products during dissolution. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Scheckel, Kirk G AU - Ryan, James A AD - US EPA, ORD, NRMRL, LRPCD, RCB, Cincinnati, Ohio 45224, USA. Scheckel.Kirk@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/05/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 May 15 SP - 2198 EP - 2204 VL - 36 IS - 10 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Minerals KW - 0 KW - Phosphates KW - Soil Pollutants KW - chloropyromorphite KW - Lead KW - 2P299V784P KW - Index Medicus KW - Solubility KW - Kinetics KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Temperature KW - Time Factors KW - Biological Availability KW - Minerals -- chemistry KW - Phosphates -- chemistry KW - Lead -- chemistry KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71726627?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+aging+and+pH+on+dissolution+kinetics+and+stability+of+chloropyromorphite.&rft.au=Scheckel%2C+Kirk+G%3BRyan%2C+James+A&rft.aulast=Scheckel&rft.aufirst=Kirk&rft.date=2002-05-15&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2198&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-12-30 N1 - Date created - 2002-05-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of the potential release of polychlorinated dioxins and furans from PCP-treated utility poles AN - 16137001; 5419103 AB - The United States (US) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) estimated that the use of technical grade pentachlorophenol (PCP) between 1970 and 1995 to treat wood was approximately 400 000 metric tons in the US, and that between 4800 and 36 000 g of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin toxic equivalents (TEQs) were incorporated annually in treated wood. The EPA has been unable, however, to estimate the rate of release of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (CDD/Fs) from treated utility poles into the environment. There is some evidence that CDD/Fs leach from treated poles into the surrounding soils, but these studies do not allow for the calculation of a rate of release from this mechanism. Another possible release mechanism is the volatilization of dioxins into the atmosphere, but there are no data to demonstrate, much less quantify, this release. While not directly measuring the release of dioxins from treated utility poles into the environment, this study was designed to examine the potential for such release. The general approach taken was to collect PCP-treated poles of varying ages, to remove and analyze multiple samples from each pole cross-section, and to compare the spatial distribution of CDD/F congeners among poles of different ages. Evidence of concentration-depth profile changes over time may provide insight into the potential for dioxins to migrate through and then out of PCP-treated utility poles. It was found that the CDD/F concentrations were consistently higher in the outer portions of the poles than the center. This trend tends to be most marked in older poles and for the lower chlorinated congeners. The trend for dioxins to concentrate in the outer portions of the pole over time suggest migration within the poles, and this migration may result in some environmental release. Other possible explanations were also offered. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Lorber, M N AU - Barton, R G AU - Winters, D L AU - Bauer, K M AU - Davis, M AU - Palausky, J AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., Washington DC 20460, USA, lorber.matthew@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/05/06/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 May 06 SP - 15 EP - 39 VL - 290 IS - 1-3 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - pentachlorophenol KW - release KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Polychlorinated dibenzo(p)dioxins KW - Environmental impact KW - Polychlorinated dibenzofurans KW - Wood KW - Soil contamination KW - Furans KW - Dioxins KW - Utilities KW - Air pollution KW - EPA KW - PCDF KW - Pentachlorophenol KW - PCDD KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - X 24156:Environmental impact UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16137001?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+the+potential+release+of+polychlorinated+dioxins+and+furans+from+PCP-treated+utility+poles&rft.au=Lorber%2C+M+N%3BBarton%2C+R+G%3BWinters%2C+D+L%3BBauer%2C+K+M%3BDavis%2C+M%3BPalausky%2C+J&rft.aulast=Lorber&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-05-06&rft.volume=290&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Polychlorinated dibenzo(p)dioxins; Environmental impact; Wood; Polychlorinated dibenzofurans; Furans; Pentachlorophenol; EPA; PCDF; Soil contamination; Utilities; Dioxins; PCDD ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A review of the USEPA's single breath canister (SBC) method for exhaled volatile organic biomarkers. AN - 71946139; 12141064 AB - Exhaled alveolar breath can provide a great deal of information about an individual's health and previous exposure to potentially harmful xenobiotic materials. Because breath can be obtained non-invasively and its constituents directly reflect concentrations in the blood, its use has many potential applications in the field of biomarker research. This paper reviews the utility and application of the single breath canister (SBC) method of alveolar breath collection and analysis first developed by the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) in the 1990s. This review covers the development of the SBC technique in the laboratory and its application in a range of field studies. Together these studies specifically show how the SBC method (and exhaled breath analysis in general) can be used to clearly demonstrate recent exposure to volatile organic compounds, to link particular activities to specific exposures, to determine compound-specific uptake and elimination kinetics, and to assess the relative importance of various routes of exposure (i.e. dermal, ingestion, inhalation) in multi-pathway scenarios. Specific investigations covered in this overview include an assessment of exposures related to the residential use of contaminated groundwater, exposures to gasoline and fuel additives at self-service gas stations, swimmers' exposures to trihalomethanes, and occupational exposures to jet fuel. JF - Biomarkers : biochemical indicators of exposure, response, and susceptibility to chemicals AU - Lindstrom, Andrew B AU - Pleil, Joachim D AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, MD-44, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. lindstrom.andrew@epa.gov PY - 2002 SP - 189 EP - 208 VL - 7 IS - 3 SN - 1354-750X, 1354-750X KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Biomarkers -- analysis KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Volatilization KW - Occupational Exposure -- analysis KW - Male KW - Female KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Hydrocarbons -- analysis KW - Breath Tests -- methods KW - Breath Tests -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71946139?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomarkers+%3A+biochemical+indicators+of+exposure%2C+response%2C+and+susceptibility+to+chemicals&rft.atitle=A+review+of+the+USEPA%27s+single+breath+canister+%28SBC%29+method+for+exhaled+volatile+organic+biomarkers.&rft.au=Lindstrom%2C+Andrew+B%3BPleil%2C+Joachim+D&rft.aulast=Lindstrom&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomarkers+%3A+biochemical+indicators+of+exposure%2C+response%2C+and+susceptibility+to+chemicals&rft.issn=1354750X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-08 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three methods for calculation of the hyper-Wiener index of molecular graphs. AN - 71857098; 12086516 AB - The hyper-Wiener index WW of a graph G is defined as WW(G) = (summation operator d (u, v)(2) + summation operator d (u, v))/2, where d (u, v) denotes the distance between the vertices u and v in the graph G and the summations run over all (unordered) pairs of vertices of G. We consider three different methods for calculating the hyper-Wiener index of molecular graphs: the cut method, the method of Hosoya polynomials, and the interpolation method. Along the way we obtain new closed-form expressions for the WW of linear phenylenes, cyclic phenylenes, poly(azulenes), and several families of periodic hexagonal chains. We also verify some previously known (but not mathematically proved) formulas. JF - Journal of chemical information and computer sciences AU - Cash, Gordon AU - Klavzar, Sandi AU - Petkovsek, Marko AD - Risk Assessment Division (7403), Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. PY - 2002 SP - 571 EP - 576 VL - 42 IS - 3 SN - 0095-2338, 0095-2338 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71857098?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+chemical+information+and+computer+sciences&rft.atitle=Three+methods+for+calculation+of+the+hyper-Wiener+index+of+molecular+graphs.&rft.au=Cash%2C+Gordon%3BKlavzar%2C+Sandi%3BPetkovsek%2C+Marko&rft.aulast=Cash&rft.aufirst=Gordon&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=571&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+chemical+information+and+computer+sciences&rft.issn=00952338&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-07-18 N1 - Date created - 2002-06-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of selenomethionine- and seleno-contaminated sediment to the amphipod Corophium sp. AN - 71792078; 12051805 AB - The acute toxicity of four chemical species of selenium to juvenile amphipods (Corophium sp.) was assessed in water-only tests. The seleno-amino acid compounds seleno-L-methionine and seleno-DL-cystine were found to be more toxic (96-h LC(50) values of 1.5 and 12.7 microg Se/L) than the inorganic selenite and selenate (96-h NOEC values of 58 and 116 microg Se/L). New marine sediment testing procedures were developed using juvenile and adult Corophium sp. Both life stages were highly sensitive to seleno-L-methionine-spiked sediment. The juveniles were approximately five times more sensitive, with a 10-day LC(50) of 1.6 microg Se/g (dry weight) compared to 7.6 microg Se/g (dry weight) for the adults. Sediment collected from three sites in Lake Macquarie, a marine barrier lagoon with elevated concentrations of total selenium, had no effect on the survival of adult Corophium over 10 days. The toxicity of seleno-L-methionine to other amphipod species occurring in Lake Macquarie was assessed in water-only tests, with Paracalliope australis being highly sensitive (96-h LC(50) 2.58 microg Se/L). JF - Ecotoxicology and environmental safety AU - Hyne, Ross V AU - Hogan, Alicia C AU - Pablo, Fleur AU - Roach, Anthony C AD - Ecotoxicology Section, Environment Protection Authority, New South Wales, Centre for Ecotoxicology, University of Technology-Sydney, Westbourne Street, Gore Hill, New South Wales 2065, Australia. hyner@epa.nsw.goc.au Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 30 EP - 37 VL - 52 IS - 1 SN - 0147-6513, 0147-6513 KW - Water Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Selenomethionine KW - 964MRK2PEL KW - Selenium KW - H6241UJ22B KW - Index Medicus KW - Geologic Sediments -- chemistry KW - Animals KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Water Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Selenium -- chemistry KW - Selenomethionine -- toxicity KW - Selenium -- toxicity KW - Crustacea KW - Environmental Exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71792078?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+and+environmental+safety&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+selenomethionine-+and+seleno-contaminated+sediment+to+the+amphipod+Corophium+sp.&rft.au=Hyne%2C+Ross+V%3BHogan%2C+Alicia+C%3BPablo%2C+Fleur%3BRoach%2C+Anthony+C&rft.aulast=Vesper&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2065&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-10-08 N1 - Date created - 2002-06-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analyzing drinking water for disinfection byproducts. AN - 71723835; 12033338 JF - Analytical chemistry AU - Urbansky, Edward T AU - Magnuson, Matthew L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Water Supply and Water Resources Division, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. urbansky.edward@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/05/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 May 01 SP - 260A EP - 267A VL - 74 IS - 9 SN - 0003-2700, 0003-2700 KW - Disinfectants KW - 0 KW - Pesticide Residues KW - Index Medicus KW - Water Pollution -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Disinfection KW - Pesticide Residues -- analysis KW - Fresh Water -- analysis KW - Disinfectants -- metabolism KW - Disinfectants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71723835?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=An+interdisciplinary+approach+to+valuing+water+from+brush+control&rft.au=Lemberg%2C+B%3BMjelde%2C+J+W%3BConner%2C+J+R%3BGriffin%2C+R+C%3BRosenthal%2C+W+D%3BStuth%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Lemberg&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=409&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-04 N1 - Date created - 2002-05-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Disinfection byproducts: the next generation. AN - 71715424; 12026983 JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Richardson, Susan D AU - Simmons, Jane Ellen AU - Rice, Glenn AD - U.S. EPA, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Athens, GA, USA. Y1 - 2002/05/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 May 01 SP - 198A EP - 205A VL - 36 IS - 9 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Chlorine Compounds KW - 0 KW - Disinfectants KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Animals KW - Epidemiologic Studies KW - Humans KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Disinfectants -- adverse effects KW - Water Supply KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Water Purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71715424?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Disinfection+byproducts%3A+the+next+generation.&rft.au=Richardson%2C+Susan+D%3BSimmons%2C+Jane+Ellen%3BRice%2C+Glenn&rft.aulast=Richardson&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=198A&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-11-19 N1 - Date created - 2002-05-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Landscape metrics and estuarine sediment contamination in the mid-Atlantic and southern New England regions. AN - 71706710; 12026087 AB - In a previously published study, quantitative relationships were developed between landscape metrics and sediment contamination for 25 small estuarine systems within Chesapeake Bay. These analyses have been extended to include 75 small estuarine systems across the mid-Atlantic and southern New England regions of the USA. Because of the different characteristics and dynamics of the estuaries across these regions, adjustment for differing hydrology, sediment characteristics, and sediment origins were included in the analysis. Multiple linear regression with stepwise selection was used to develop statistical models for sediment metals, organics, and total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The landscape metrics important for explaining the variation in sediment metals levels (R2 = 0.72) were the percent area of nonforested wetlands (negative contribution), percent area of urban land, and point source effluent volume and metals input (positive contributions). The metrics important for sediment organics levels (R2 = 0.5) and total PAHs (R2 = 0.46) were percent area of urban land (positive contribution) and percent area of nonforested wetlands (negative contribution). These models included silt-clay content (metals) or total organic C (organics, total PAHs) of sediments and grouping by estuarine hydrology, suggesting the importance of sediment characteristics and hydrology in mitigating the influence of the landscape metrics on sediment contamination levels. The overall results from this study are indicative of how statistical models can be developed relating landscape metrics to estuarine sediment contamination for distributions of land cover and point source discharges. JF - Journal of environmental quality AU - Paul, John F AU - Comeleo, Randy L AU - Copeland, Jane AD - USEPA, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA. paul.john@epa.gov PY - 2002 SP - 836 EP - 845 VL - 31 IS - 3 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Metals, Heavy KW - 0 KW - Organic Chemicals KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - Organic Chemicals -- chemistry KW - Fresh Water KW - Seawater KW - Humans KW - New England KW - Mid-Atlantic Region KW - Geography KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Geologic Sediments -- chemistry KW - Metals, Heavy -- chemistry KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- chemistry KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71706710?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.atitle=Landscape+metrics+and+estuarine+sediment+contamination+in+the+mid-Atlantic+and+southern+New+England+regions.&rft.au=Paul%2C+John+F%3BComeleo%2C+Randy+L%3BCopeland%2C+Jane&rft.aulast=Paul&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=836&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-11-07 N1 - Date created - 2002-05-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Design of a cost-effective weighing facility for PM2.5 quality assurance. AN - 71702945; 12022690 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Quality Assurance (QA) Guidance Document 2.12: Monitoring PM2.5 in Ambient Air Using Designated Reference or Class I Equivalent Methods (Document 2.12) requires conditioning of PM2.5 filters at 20-23 degrees C and 30-40% relative humidity (RH) for 24 hr prior to gravimetric analysis. Variability of temperature and humidity may not exceed +/-2 degrees C and +/-5% RH during the conditioning period. The quality assurance team at EPA Region 2's regional laboratory designed a PM2.5 weighing facility that operates well within these strict performance requirements. The traditional approach to meeting the performance requirements of Document 2.12 for PM2.5 filter analysis is to build a walk-in room, with costs typically exceeding $100,000. The initial one-time capital cost for the laboratory at EPA's Edison, NJ, facility was approximately $24,000. Annual costs [e.g., National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) recertifications and nitrogen replacement cylinders used for humidity control] are approximately $500. The average 24-hr variabilities in temperature and RH in the Region 2 weighing chamber are small, +/-0.2 degrees C and +/-0.8% RH, respectively. The mass detection limit for the PM2.5 weighing system of 47-mm stretched Teflon (lab blank) filters is 6.3 microg. This facility demonstrates an effective and economical example for states and other organizations planning PM2.5 weighing facilities. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995) AU - Carlton, Annmarie G AU - Teitz, Avraham AD - Division of Environmental Science and Assessment, Monitoring and Assessment Branch, US Environmental Protection Agency, Edison, New Jersey, USA. carlton.annmarie@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 506 EP - 510 VL - 52 IS - 5 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Equipment Design KW - Particle Size KW - Cost-Benefit Analysis KW - Quality Control KW - Environmental Monitoring -- standards KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71702945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.atitle=Design+of+a+cost-effective+weighing+facility+for+PM2.5+quality+assurance.&rft.au=Carlton%2C+Annmarie+G%3BTeitz%2C+Avraham&rft.aulast=Carlton&rft.aufirst=Annmarie&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=506&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-06-11 N1 - Date created - 2002-05-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The ecological condition of south Florida estuaries. AN - 71673457; 12004979 AB - An assessment of the ecological condition of south Florida estuaries based on regional probabilistic monitoring was conducted during the summer of 1995. Samples and data were collected on water and sediment quality, benthos, and fish tissue contaminants. Elevated concentrations of metals and pesticides were measured in both sediments and fish tissue with some exceedances of guidance values. Bottom dissolved oxygen levels over 23-37% of the area were below state criteria. Eighty-eight percent of surface waters had greater than 10% penetration of ambient light to a depth of 1.0 m. Nine percent of the area studied in South Florida exhibited degraded biology and impaired use based on a calculated index of ecological condition. Using the probability-based monitoring design, useful information of this type can be provided to resource managers regarding estuarine condition on a regional scale. JF - Environmental monitoring and assessment AU - Macauley, J M AU - Summers, J K AU - Engle, V D AU - Harwell, L C AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Ecology Division, Gulf Breeze, Florida, USA. macauley.john@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 253 EP - 269 VL - 75 IS - 3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Water Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Oxygen KW - S88TT14065 KW - Index Medicus KW - Probability KW - Animals KW - Fishes KW - Oxygen -- analysis KW - Light KW - Invertebrates KW - Florida KW - Ecosystem KW - Geologic Sediments -- chemistry KW - Water Pollutants -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- statistics & numerical data UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71673457?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.atitle=The+ecological+condition+of+south+Florida+estuaries.&rft.au=Macauley%2C+J+M%3BSummers%2C+J+K%3BEngle%2C+V+D%3BHarwell%2C+L+C&rft.aulast=Macauley&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=253&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-11-05 N1 - Date created - 2002-05-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Getting Out the Cut: Politics and National Forest Timber Harvests, 1960-1995 AN - 60631294; 200302654 AB - To what extent do national forest policy decisions reflect a balance between the interests of environmentalists & the timber industries? National forest policy making from 1960 through 1995 was analyzed using the advocacy coalition framework developed by Sabatier & Jenkins-Smith. The authors found that forest policy shifted in a more ecologically sensitive direction beginning in the late 1980s. Changes were largely attributable to the ability of the environmental coalition to manipulate new information to influence key decision makers within Congress & to take advantage of more favorable decisional venues to overcome structural biases built into existing forest policy-making arrangements. 2 Tables, 36 References. [Copyright 2002 Sage Publications, Inc.] JF - Administration & Society AU - Burnett, Miles AU - Davis, Charles AD - Dept Toxic Substances Control, California Environmental Protection Agency Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 202 EP - 228 VL - 34 IS - 2 SN - 0095-3997, 0095-3997 KW - Policy Making KW - Environmentalism KW - Environmental Policy KW - Forestry KW - article KW - 9261: public policy/administration; public policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60631294?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Administration+%26+Society&rft.atitle=Getting+Out+the+Cut%3A+Politics+and+National+Forest+Timber+Harvests%2C+1960-1995&rft.au=Burnett%2C+Miles%3BDavis%2C+Charles&rft.aulast=Burnett&rft.aufirst=Miles&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=202&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Administration+%26+Society&rft.issn=00953997&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - ADSODM N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Forestry; Environmentalism; Policy Making; Environmental Policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - KARSTIC; a sensitivity method for carbonate aquifers in karst terrain AN - 52098013; 2002-047675 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Davis, A D AU - Long, A J AU - Wireman, M Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 65 EP - 72 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 42 IS - 1 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - karst hydrology KW - Lawrence County South Dakota KW - Black Hills KW - ground water KW - sedimentary rocks KW - transport KW - Western U.S. KW - sensitivity analysis KW - Madison Aquifer KW - protection KW - bedrock KW - pollutants KW - underground streams KW - KARSTIC KW - pollution KW - water balance KW - Pennington County South Dakota KW - aquifers KW - case studies KW - recharge KW - Rapid City South Dakota KW - DRASTIC KW - carbonate rocks KW - water resources KW - South Dakota KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52098013?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=KARSTIC%3B+a+sensitivity+method+for+carbonate+aquifers+in+karst+terrain&rft.au=Davis%2C+A+D%3BLong%2C+A+J%3BWireman%2C+M&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sect., geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bedrock; Black Hills; carbonate rocks; case studies; DRASTIC; ground water; karst hydrology; KARSTIC; Lawrence County South Dakota; Madison Aquifer; Pennington County South Dakota; pollutants; pollution; protection; Rapid City South Dakota; recharge; sedimentary rocks; sensitivity analysis; South Dakota; transport; underground streams; United States; water balance; water quality; water resources; Western U.S. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Elemental mercury in copper, silver and gold ores; an unexpected contribution to Lake Superior sediments with global implications AN - 52010775; 2003-022501 AB - Mercury and copper inventories are low in central Lake Superior and increase markedly towards the Keweenaw Peninsula. Total copper flux to Lake Superior sediments averages 5.0+ or -2.5 mu g cm (super -2) year (super -1) (mean + or -95% confidence limits), whereas mercury flux averages 7.5+ or -4.2 ng cm (super -2) year (super -1) . In the Keweenaw Peninsula region, copper, mercury and silver inventories are elevated and highly correlated. High copper, silver and mercury inventories can be traced back to shoreline stamp sand piles, the parent ores and to smelters. Mercury occurs in elemental form, probably as a natural amalgam, in native metal (copper, silver, gold) deposits and was liberated as volatile Hg (super 0) during on-site copper smelting. Stamp mills discharged at least 364 Mt of "stamp sand" tailings, whereas smelters refined 5 Mt of native copper, liberating together at least 42 t of mercury. The Keweenaw situation is not unique, as mineral-bound mercury is commonplace in US and Canadian Greenstone Belts and is of worldwide occurrence in massive base metal ores. JF - Geochemistry - Exploration, Environment, Analysis AU - Kerfoot, W Charles AU - Harting, S L AU - Rossmann, Ronald AU - Robbins, John A A2 - Allan, Rod J. A2 - Horowitz, Arthur J. A2 - Miller, Jerry R. Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 185 EP - 202 PB - Geological Society Publishing House, London VL - 2, Part 2 SN - 1467-7873, 1467-7873 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - North America KW - Keweenaw Peninsula KW - copper KW - pollutants KW - silver KW - Michigan Upper Peninsula KW - pollution KW - environmental effects KW - metals KW - sediments KW - metal ores KW - lacustrine environment KW - Great Lakes KW - Michigan KW - Lake Superior KW - mercury KW - lake sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52010775?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochemistry+-+Exploration%2C+Environment%2C+Analysis&rft.atitle=Elemental+mercury+in+copper%2C+silver+and+gold+ores%3B+an+unexpected+contribution+to+Lake+Superior+sediments+with+global+implications&rft.au=Kerfoot%2C+W+Charles%3BHarting%2C+S+L%3BRossmann%2C+Ronald%3BRobbins%2C+John+A&rft.aulast=Kerfoot&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=2%2C+Part+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochemistry+-+Exploration%2C+Environment%2C+Analysis&rft.issn=14677873&rft_id=info:doi/10.1144%2F1467-787302-022 L2 - http://geea.lyellcollection.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International conference on Heavy metals in the environment N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from The Geological Society, London, London, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 64 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - copper; environmental effects; Great Lakes; Keweenaw Peninsula; lacustrine environment; lake sediments; Lake Superior; mercury; metal ores; metals; Michigan; Michigan Upper Peninsula; North America; pollutants; pollution; sediments; silver; United States; water quality DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/1467-787302-022 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Defining the Photochemical Contribution to Particulate Matter in Urban Areas Using Time-Series Analysis AN - 20626412; 5388290 AB - The objective of this project is to demonstrate how the ambient air measurement record can be used to define the relationship between O sub(3) (as a surrogate for photochemistry) and secondary particulate matter (PM) in urban air. The approach used is to develop a time-series transfer-function model describing the daily PM sub(10) (PM with less than 10 mu m aerodynamic diameter) concentration as a function of lagged PM and current and lagged O sub(3), NO or NO sub(2), CO, and SO sub(2). Approximately 3 years of daily average PM sub(10), daily maximum 8-hr average O sub(3) and CO, daily 24-hr average SO sub(2) and NO sub(2), and daily 6:00 a.m.-9:00 a.m. average NO from the Aerometric Information Retrieval System (AIRS) air quality subsystem are used for this analysis. Urban areas modeled are Chicago, IL; Los Angeles, CA; Phoenix, AZ; Philadelphia, PA; Sacramento, CA; and Detroit, MI. Time-series analysis identified significant autocorrelation in the O sub(3), PM sub(10), NO, NO sub(2), CO, and SO sub(2) series. Cross correlations between PM sub(10) (dependent variable) and gaseous pollutants (independent variables) show that all of the gases are significantly correlated with PM sub(10) and that O sub(3) is also significantly correlated lagged up to two previous days. Once a transfer-function model of current PM sub(10) is defined for an urban location, the effect of an O sub(3)-control strategy on PM concentrations is estimated by calculating daily PM sub(10) concentrations with reduced O sub(3) concentrations. Forecasted summertime PM sub(10) reductions resulting from a 5 percent decrease in ambient O sub(3) range from 1.2 mu g/m super(3) (3.03%) in Chicago to 3.9 mu g/m super(3) (7.65%) in Phoenix. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Rizzo, M AU - Scheff, P AU - Ramakrishnan, V AD - Air Monitoring Section, Air and Radiation Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 5, Chicago, Illinois, USA Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 593 EP - 605 VL - 52 IS - 5 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Carbon monoxide KW - Nitrogen dioxide KW - Photochemicals KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Nitric oxide KW - Particulates KW - Urban areas KW - Ozone KW - Information systems KW - Air pollution measurements KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20626412?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Defining+the+Photochemical+Contribution+to+Particulate+Matter+in+Urban+Areas+Using+Time-Series+Analysis&rft.au=Rizzo%2C+M%3BScheff%2C+P%3BRamakrishnan%2C+V&rft.aulast=Rizzo&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=593&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nitrogen dioxide; Carbon monoxide; Sulfur dioxide; Photochemicals; Nitric oxide; Particulates; Air pollution measurements; Information systems; Ozone; Urban areas ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preparing to Measure the Effects of the NO sub(x) SIP Call--Methods for Ambient Air Monitoring of NO, NO sub(2), NO sub(y), and Individual NO sub(z) Species AN - 20622921; 5388286 AB - The capping of stationary source emissions of NO sub(x) in 22 states and the District of Columbia is federally mandated by the NO sub(x) SIP Call legislation with the intended purpose of reducing downwind O sub(3) concentrations. Monitors for NO, NO sub(2), and the reactive oxides of nitrogen into which these two compounds are converted will record data to evaluate air quality model (AQM) predictions. Guidelines for testing these models indicate the need for semicontinuous measurements as close to real time as possible but no less frequently than once per hour. The measurement uncertainty required for AQM testing must be less than plus or minus 20% ( plus or minus 10% for NO sub(2)) at mixing ratios of 1 ppbv and higher for NO, individual NO sub(z) component compounds, and NO sub(y). This article is a review and discussion of different monitoring methods, some currently used in research and others used for routine monitoring. The performance of these methods is compared with the monitoring guidelines. Recommendations for advancing speciated and total NO sub(y) monitoring technology and a listing of demonstrated monitoring approaches are also presented. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - McClenny, WA AU - Williams, E J AU - Cohen, R C AU - Stutz, J AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 542 EP - 562 VL - 52 IS - 5 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Nitrogen dioxide KW - Air quality measurements KW - Monitoring methods KW - Nitric oxide KW - Nitrogen oxides KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20622921?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Preparing+to+Measure+the+Effects+of+the+NO+sub%28x%29+SIP+Call--Methods+for+Ambient+Air+Monitoring+of+NO%2C+NO+sub%282%29%2C+NO+sub%28y%29%2C+and+Individual+NO+sub%28z%29+Species&rft.au=McClenny%2C+WA%3BWilliams%2C+E+J%3BCohen%2C+R+C%3BStutz%2C+J&rft.aulast=McClenny&rft.aufirst=WA&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=542&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nitrogen dioxide; Monitoring methods; Air quality measurements; Nitric oxide; Nitrogen oxides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - How the assessment of relative efficiency has benefited the customers of water companies in England and Wales AN - 20597481; 8044311 AB - The England and Wales water and sewerage industry was privatised in 1989. Prior to privatisation there were ten public water authorities supplying water and sewerage services, and 29 statutory companies supplying water only. The companies ranged in size from 35 thousand connected properties to 3.3 million connected properties. Since privatisation, the number of regulated companies has decreased through mergers and acquisitions. There are now 22 separate companies. Companies operate under Licences granted by the Secretaries of State for the Environment, Transport and the Regions and for Wales to provide water and sewerage services in England and Wales. JF - Water Intelligence Online AU - Hann, M AU - Twelves, H AD - Office of Water Services Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 VL - 1 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - British Isles, England KW - Assessments KW - Public Waters KW - British Isles, Wales KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 4010:Techniques of planning UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20597481?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Intelligence+Online&rft.atitle=How+the+assessment+of+relative+efficiency+has+benefited+the+customers+of+water+companies+in+England+and+Wales&rft.au=Lipscomb%2C+J+C%3BKedderis%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Lipscomb&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-04-08&rft.volume=288&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Assessments; Public Waters; British Isles, Wales; British Isles, England ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Demand management and the new European Union Water Framework Directive AN - 20088549; 8044308 AB - The new water policy ambitiously combines protection of ecological status with long-term water use and sustainable development. It is an instrument for spatial planning and integration of policies, a legal framework with common principles and environmental and sustainability objectives. Main objectives are for 2015 with strong obligations also in early years: Protect high ecological status and good surface water status; good groundwater status; respect protected nature and drinking water areas. "No-deterioration" of status from entry into force. Controls and reviews of abstraction and impoundment permits, ban on discharges to groundwater, analysis of long-term water demand and supply, pricing of water use and measures to promote efficient and sustainable water use. Good water status combines social and ecological needs, allowing human impact. Good surface water status is a rich, balanced, ecosystem. Good groundwater status is abstraction without loss of ecological quality in surface water, wetlands and terrestrial ecosystems and conformity e.g. with nitrate and pesticides standards. One river Basin District - One Management Plan, co-operation is required of all parties sharing the basin with measures for the entire basin, including the Urban Waste Water, Nitrates, Industry Emission and Nature Protection Directives. Supplementary measures necessary for good and high status must be included. Development of cross-sector strategies and co-ordination in particular with agriculture and regional policy is foreseen. Extensive public consultation is required. Growing demand and deterioration of waters threatens wise use of resources. Economic development, urbanisation, tourism, agriculture, industrial and urban discharges, land fills, mismanagement of reservoirs, and water transfers contribute to this. Obligations in early and final stages of implementation are relevant to the operation of the Canal de Isabel II and the Madrid water supply systems. JF - Water Intelligence Online AU - Olsen, A M AD - Danish Environmental Protection Agency, Strandgade 29 - DK-1401 Copenhagen K, Denmark, asgermeulengracht@olsen.mail.dk Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 VL - 1 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - River Basins KW - Ecosystems KW - Sustainable development KW - Basins KW - Water supplies KW - Wetlands KW - water demand KW - Reservoirs KW - water policy KW - management plans KW - agriculture KW - River basins KW - Protection KW - European Union KW - Surface-groundwater Relations KW - terrestrial ecosystems KW - Groundwater KW - Agriculture KW - Spain, Castilla, Madrid KW - Water Management KW - Urbanization KW - Surface water KW - Water Use KW - spatial distribution KW - water use KW - Nitrates KW - Reviews KW - Drinking water KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20088549?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Intelligence+Online&rft.atitle=Demand+management+and+the+new+European+Union+Water+Framework+Directive&rft.au=Olsen%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Olsen&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Intelligence+Online&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Groundwater; River Basins; Water Use; Water Management; Surface-groundwater Relations; Reservoirs; Ecosystems; Agriculture; Protection; European Union; Spain, Castilla, Madrid; Surface water; water use; agriculture; Basins; Nitrates; Sustainable development; water policy; Water supplies; terrestrial ecosystems; Urbanization; River basins; management plans; Drinking water; Wetlands; water demand; spatial distribution; Reviews ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The development and testing of a dermal exposure system for pharmacokinetic studies of administered and ambient water contaminants AN - 18890018; 5749632 AB - In order to investigate the pharmacokinetics of water-borne chemicals while eliminating exposures by other routes, a dermal exposure system was developed to expose the hand and forearm of human subjects. The goal was, primarily, to study the dermal pharmacokinetics of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE), a water contaminant, and, secondarily, the ambient disinfection byproducts (DBPs). MTBE is used as a fuel oxygenate and DBPs result from chlorination of drinking water. The DBPs measured in the water and blood of the subjects were chloroform, bromodichloromethane, and dibromochloromethane. The dermal exposure system was constructed of inert and impervious materials. The interface between the glass and Teflon exposure tank and the subject was custom-made of clear Tedlar (polyvinylfluoride) so that the depth of the arm in the media could be monitored. Sampling of the water concentration of the test chemical, MTBE, demonstrated stability over the duration of the exposure. A temperature loss of about 1.5 degree C occurred over the course of the 1-h exposure. Blood concentrations taken from 14 human subjects before, during, and after the 1-h exposure demonstrated that measurable MTBE and DBPs were absorbed. This system has the advantages of maintaining contaminant concentration and exposing an anatomically distinct body region, and the convenience of blood sampling. JF - Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods AU - Prah, J D AU - Blount, B AU - Cardinali, F L AU - Ashley, D L AU - Leavens, T AU - Case, M W AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, MD 58B, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 189 EP - 195 VL - 47 IS - 3 SN - 1056-8719, 1056-8719 KW - exposure KW - man KW - pharmacokinetics KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18890018?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Pharmacological+and+Toxicological+Methods&rft.atitle=The+development+and+testing+of+a+dermal+exposure+system+for+pharmacokinetic+studies+of+administered+and+ambient+water+contaminants&rft.au=Prah%2C+J+D%3BBlount%2C+B%3BCardinali%2C+F+L%3BAshley%2C+D+L%3BLeavens%2C+T%3BCase%2C+M+W&rft.aulast=Prah&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Pharmacological+and+Toxicological+Methods&rft.issn=10568719&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1056-8719%2803%2900004-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1056-8719(03)00004-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Persistent Abnormalities in the Rat Mammary Gland following Gestational and Lactational Exposure to 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) AN - 18446083; 5419858 AB - 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) exposure during gestation has revealed reproductive anomalies in rat offspring, including inconclusive reports of stunted mammary development in females (Brown et al., 1998, Carcinogenesis 19, 1623-1629; Lewis et al., 2001, Toxicol. Sci. 62, 46-53). The current studies were designed to examine mammary-gland development in female offspring exposed in utero and lactationally to TCDD, and to determine a critical exposure period and cellular source of these effects. Long-Evans rats were exposed to 1 mu g TCDD/kg body weight (bw) or vehicle on gestation day (GD) 15. TCDD-exposed females sacrificed on postnatal days (PND) 4, 25, 33, 37, 45, and 68 weighed significantly less than control litter mates, and peripubertal animals exhibited delayed vaginal opening and persistent vaginal threads, yet did not display altered estrous cyclicity. Mammary glands taken from TCDD-exposed animals on PND 4 demonstrated reduced primary branches, decreased epithelial elongation, and significantly fewer alveolar buds and lateral branches. This phenomenon persisted through PND 68 when, unlike fully developed glands of controls, TCDD-exposed rats retained undifferentiated terminal structures. Glands of offspring exposed to TCDD or oil on gestation days 15 and 20 or lactation days 1, 3, 5, and 10 were examined on PND 4 or 25 to discern that GD 15 was a critical period for consistent inhibition of epithelial development. Experiments using mammary epithelial transplantation between control and TCDD-exposed females suggested that the stroma plays a major role in the retarded development of the mammary gland following TCDD exposure. Our data suggest that exposure to TCDD prior to migration of the mammary bud into the fat pad permanently alters mammary epithelial development in female rat offspring. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Fenton, SE AU - Hamm, J T AU - Birnbaum, L S AU - Youngblood, G L AD - Division of Reproductive Toxicology and Division of Experimental Toxicology, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 63 EP - 74 VL - 67 IS - 1 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24154:Pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18446083?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Persistent+Abnormalities+in+the+Rat+Mammary+Gland+following+Gestational+and+Lactational+Exposure+to+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+%28TCDD%29&rft.au=Fenton%2C+SE%3BHamm%2C+J+T%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S%3BYoungblood%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Fenton&rft.aufirst=SE&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Proinflammatory and Th1 Cytokine Alterations following Ultraviolet Radiation Enhancement of Disease Due to Influenza Infection in Mice AN - 18441448; 5419861 AB - Exposure of rodents to immunosuppressive agents such as ozone, dioxin, or ultraviolet radiation (UVR) leads to increased morbidity and mortality following influenza virus infection. However, these adverse effects are not related to the suppression of virus-specific immune responses. Our laboratory showed that UVR increased the morbidity, mortality, and pathogenesis of influenza virus without affecting protective immunity to the virus, as measured by resistance to reinfection, suggesting that UVR and other immunosuppressive pollutants such as dioxin and ozone may exacerbate early responses that contribute to the pathogenesis of a primary viral infection. In the present study, we examined the mechanism of UVR-enhanced mortality in the absence of effects on virus-specific immunity and tested the hypothesis that modulation of cytokine levels was associated with increased deaths and body weight loss. BALB/c mice were exposed to 8.2 kJ/m super(2) UVR and were infected 3 days later with a sublethal influenza virus infection (LD sub(40) of mouse-adapted Hong Kong influenza A/68, H sub(3)N sub(2)). Influx of inflammatory cells, proinflammatory cytokines, and cytokines produced by T-helper lymphocytes (Th1 and Th2) were measured in lung homogenates (LH) as well as in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL). UVR preexposure decreased the influenza-induced lymphocytic influx 5 days after infection, but did not alter macrophage and neutrophil influx into the lung, or increase virus titers significantly. Although interferon (IFN)- gamma , total interleukin (IL)-12, IL-6, and TNF- alpha were altered in mice that received UVR exposure prior to infection, no clear association was made that correlated with the UVR-induced increase in body weight loss and mortality due to influenza infection. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Ryan, L K AU - Copeland, L R AU - Daniels, MJ AU - Costa, E R AU - Selgrade, MJK AD - Immunotoxicology Branch, Experimental Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 88 EP - 97 VL - 67 IS - 1 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - mice KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24210:Radiation & radioactive materials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18441448?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Proinflammatory+and+Th1+Cytokine+Alterations+following+Ultraviolet+Radiation+Enhancement+of+Disease+Due+to+Influenza+Infection+in+Mice&rft.au=Ryan%2C+L+K%3BCopeland%2C+L+R%3BDaniels%2C+MJ%3BCosta%2C+E+R%3BSelgrade%2C+MJK&rft.aulast=Ryan&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=88&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the Aromatase Inhibitor Fadrozole in a Short-Term Reproduction Assay with the Fathead Minnow (Pimephales promelas) AN - 18437755; 5419866 AB - Cytochrome P450 aromatase (CYP19) is a key enzyme in vertebrate steroidogenesis, catalyzing the conversion of C19 androgens to C18 estrogens such as beta -estradiol (E2). The objective of this study was to assess effects of the CYP19 inhibitor fadrozole on fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) reproductive endocrinology and physiology in a short-term reproduction assay proposed for identifying specific classes of endocrine-disrupting chemicals. A concentration-dependent reduction in fecundity was observed in fish exposed for 21 days to water concentrations of fadrozole ranging from 2 to 50 mu g/l. Consistent with the expected mechanism of action, there was a significant inhibition of brain aromatase activity in both male and female fathead minnows exposed to fadrozole. In females, this inhibition was accompanied by a concentration-dependent decrease in plasma E2 and vitellogenin concentrations; the latter observation is consistent with the fact that activation of the estrogen receptor by E2 initiates hepatic vitellogenin production in oviparous vertebrates. Histological assessment of ovaries from females exposed to fadrozole indicated a decrease in mature oocytes and an increase in preovulatory atretic follicles. Exposure of male fathead minnows to fadrozole significantly increased plasma concentrations of the androgens testosterone (T) and 11-ketotestosterone (KT) and resulted in a marked accumulation of sperm in the testes. Results of this study indicate that the proposed fathead minnow assay should effectively identify test chemicals as potential aromatase inhibitors, both in the context of their reproductive toxicity and the specific mechanism of action. These results also should be of utility in assessing the potential ecological risk of CYP19 inhibitors, in particular in the context of relating alterations in subcellular indicators of endocrine function (changes in steroids, proteins) to adverse consequences in the whole organism. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Ankley, G T AU - Kahl, MD AU - Jensen, K M AU - Hornung, M W AU - Korte, J J AU - Makynen, E A AU - Leino, R L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Boulevard, Duluth, Minnesota 55804, USA Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 121 EP - 130 VL - 67 IS - 1 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - Fathead minnow KW - aromatase KW - fadrozole KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Q1 01344:Reproduction and development KW - Q5 01504:Effects on organisms KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18437755?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+Aromatase+Inhibitor+Fadrozole+in+a+Short-Term+Reproduction+Assay+with+the+Fathead+Minnow+%28Pimephales+promelas%29&rft.au=Ankley%2C+G+T%3BKahl%2C+MD%3BJensen%2C+K+M%3BHornung%2C+M+W%3BKorte%2C+J+J%3BMakynen%2C+E+A%3BLeino%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of recreational clam harvesting on eelgrass (Zostera marina) and associated infaunal invertebrates: in situ manipulative experiments AN - 18400286; 5384951 AB - The effect of recreational clam harvesting on eelgrass (Zostera marina L.) was experimentally tested by raking or digging for clams in experimental 1 m super(2) plots located in a Yaquina Bay (Newport, OR) eelgrass meadow. After three monthly treatments, eelgrass measures of biomass, primary production (leaf elongation), and percent cover were compared between experimental and control (undisturbed) plots. Benthic macro (retained on 0.5 mm mesh sieve) and mega (retained on 3 mm sieve) infaunal samples were also taken to compare species number and abundances. Results indicated that clam raking did not appreciably impact any measured parameter. In contrast, clam digging reduce eelgrass cover, above-ground biomass and below-ground biomass in measurements made 1 month after the last of three monthly treatments. Although differences between control and treatment plots persisted 10 months after the last clam digging treatment, these differences were not statistically significant. Approximately 10% of the eelgrass of Yaquina Bay is subjected to recreational clamming and as this activity is generally less intense than that employed in this study, it is unlikely that recreational clamming has a major impact on eelgrass beds in the Yaquina estuary. This conclusion should be viewed with caution as multi-year disturbances were not investigated and there are differences in sediment characteristics and clam abundances between experimental sites and those sites that are intensively harvested by the public. JF - Aquatic Botany AU - Boese, B L AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Coastal Ecology Branch, Hatfield Marine Science Center, 2111 SE Marine Science Drive, Newport, OR 973656-5260, USA, boese.bruce@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 63 EP - 74 VL - 73 IS - 1 SN - 0304-3770, 0304-3770 KW - Bivalves KW - USA, Oregon, Newport, Yaquina Bay KW - clam digging KW - clam raking KW - recreational clamming KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Brackish KW - D 04640:Other angiosperms KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection KW - SW 0810:General KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q5 01521:Mechanical and natural changes KW - SW 0890:Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18400286?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Botany&rft.atitle=Effects+of+recreational+clam+harvesting+on+eelgrass+%28Zostera+marina%29+and+associated+infaunal+invertebrates%3A+in+situ+manipulative+experiments&rft.au=Boese%2C+B+L&rft.aulast=Boese&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Botany&rft.issn=03043770&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atmospheric mercury simulation using the CMAQ model: formulation description and analysis of wet deposition results AN - 16146951; 5408204 JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Bullock, OR Jr AU - Brehme, KA AD - US EPA, NERL/AMD, Mail Drop D243-03, Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, bullock.russell@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 2135 EP - 2146 VL - 36 IS - 13 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Mercury in the atmosphere KW - Mathematical models KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Mercury KW - Wet deposition KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16146951?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Atmospheric+mercury+simulation+using+the+CMAQ+model%3A+formulation+description+and+analysis+of+wet+deposition+results&rft.au=Bullock%2C+OR+Jr%3BBrehme%2C+KA&rft.aulast=Bullock&rft.aufirst=OR&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=2135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mercury in the atmosphere; Atmospheric pollution; Wet deposition; Mathematical models; Atmospheric chemistry; Mercury ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experiments with a Resin-in-Pulp Process for Treating Lead-Contaminated Soil AN - 16135569; 5384688 AB - This paper presents the results of experiments to evaluate the potential for using a resin-in-pulp process to remove lead contamination from soil. These experiments examined the kinetics and equilibrium partitioning of lead, lead carbonate, lead oxide, and lead sulfate in resin-soil-acetate buffer systems. The results show the trade-offs to be made among the amount of resin used, the number of contacting stages that may be needed to meet a target final soil concentration, the contact time, the solution pH, and the solution acetate concentration. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Griffiths, R A AD - National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 416 EP - 422 VL - 128 IS - 5 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - resin-in-pulp process KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Soil remediation KW - Heavy metals KW - Kinetics KW - Soil contamination KW - Lead KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16135569?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Experiments+with+a+Resin-in-Pulp+Process+for+Treating+Lead-Contaminated+Soil&rft.au=Griffiths%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Griffiths&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=416&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/10.1061%2F%28ASCE%290733-9372%282002%29128%3A5%28416%29 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil remediation; Heavy metals; Kinetics; Soil contamination; Lead DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2002)128:5(416) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mining environmental toxicology information: web resources AN - 18403416; 5391260 AB - Environmental toxicology is the study of the ecological effects of anthropogenic substances released into the environment. It is a relatively diverse field addressing impacts to aquatic and terrestrial organisms and communities. The determination of potential risk associated with toxic agents is of interest to government regulators, industry, researchers, private organizations and citizen groups. In assessing the ecological risk associated with a chemical stressor, it is important to establish linkages between likely exposure concentrations and adverse effects to ecological receptors. To do so requires access to reliable information resources. The proper application of such data requires familiarity with the scientific literature and keeping abreast of new and emerging issues as well as state-of-the-art research findings and methods. In addition, an understanding of government regulations as they relate to environmental issues is also of primary interest. The advent of the Web has made these tools accessible at computer desktops. This review focuses on currently available free Web resources related to environmental toxicology, specifically those which address available empirical data sources, predictive tools and publications of interest such as standard test methods, guidance documents and governmental regulations. JF - Toxicology AU - Russom, CL AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Boulevard, Duluth, MN 55804, USA, russom.chris@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/04/25/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Apr 25 SP - 75 EP - 88 VL - 173 IS - 1-2 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - ecotoxicity KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18403416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Mining+environmental+toxicology+information%3A+web+resources&rft.au=Russom%2C+CL&rft.aulast=Russom&rft.aufirst=CL&rft.date=2002-04-25&rft.volume=173&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Application of Tris Buffer and Copper Sulfate for the Preservation of Phenylurea Pesticides Analyzed Using U.S. EPA Method 532 in the UCMR Survey AN - 19429122; 5475939 AB - A high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed to meet the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) Survey need for the analysis of phenylurea pesticides in drinking waters. Many of these phenylurea compounds were demonstrated to degrade rapidly in the presence of the residual chlorine disinfectant in drinking waters. This degradation was halted by the addition of a tris buffer, which was initially chosen to optimize the sample pH prior to extraction. Copper sulfate was found to prevent the regrowth of microorganisms in surface waters, which was observed upon dechlorination. Tris buffer provided the additional benefit of keeping the copper sulfate preservative in solution even in groundwater matrices that caused precipitation of copper in its absence. A C sub(18) solid phase, in cartridge or disk form, was used to efficiently extract target compounds from the preserved drinking water matrices. A 21-day storage stability study, together with precision and accuracy studies, demonstrated that this method had suitable sensitivity, selectivity, accuracy, precision, and ruggedness for use in the EPA's UCMR drinking water occurrence survey. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Bassett, M V AU - Wendelken, S C AU - Dattilio, T A AU - Pepich, B V AU - Munch, D J AD - IT Corporation, Technology Applications Group, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA, bassett.margie@EPA.gov Y1 - 2002/04/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Apr 15 SP - 1809 EP - 1814 VL - 36 IS - 8 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - copper sulfate KW - phenylurea KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Analytical Methods KW - Water supplies (Potable) KW - Water Pollution KW - Drinking water KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19429122?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=The+Application+of+Tris+Buffer+and+Copper+Sulfate+for+the+Preservation+of+Phenylurea+Pesticides+Analyzed+Using+U.S.+EPA+Method+532+in+the+UCMR+Survey&rft.au=Bassett%2C+M+V%3BWendelken%2C+S+C%3BDattilio%2C+T+A%3BPepich%2C+B+V%3BMunch%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Bassett&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-04-15&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1809&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Drinking water; Water supplies (Potable); Water Pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - US EPA's acute reference exposure methodology for acute inhalation exposures. AN - 71682891; 12013548 AB - The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Center for Environmental Assessment is engaged in the development of a methodology for Agency use to perform risk assessments for non-cancer effects due to acute inhalation exposures. The methodology will provide general guidance for deriving chemical-specific acute exposure benchmarks called acute reference exposures (AREs). Chemical-specific AREs are analogous to reference concentra tions (RfCs) for chronic non-cancer effects and will be incorporated in chemical-specific files in the US EPA's Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) as they are developed and reviewed. AREs will have wide applicability in assessing the potential health risks of accidental and routine acute releases of chemicals to the environment. The proposed methodology for ARE development provides a framework for choosing an optimal derivation approach, depending on the type of data available, from the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL), benchmark concentration (BMC), or categorical regression approaches. Uncertainty factors are applied to the point of departure, determined by one of the recommended approaches, to derive the ARE. Due to the capability to use more exposure-response information than the NOAEL approach allows, exposure-response analyses such as BMC and categorical regression are favored as methods to develop the point of departure when the available database will support such analyses. The NOAEL approach is suitable when the data are insufficient to support exposure-response modeling. Applications of the proposed ARE methodology are illustrated by the derivation of example AREs for hydrogen sulfide and hexachlorocyclopentadiene, which showcase the categorical regression and NOAEL approaches, respectively. In addition, a recent review of the proposed ARE methodology by the US EPA Risk Assessment Forum is discussed. JF - The Science of the total environment AU - Strickland, Judy A AU - Foureman, Gary L AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment MD 52, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. strick12@niehs.nih.gov Y1 - 2002/04/08/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Apr 08 SP - 51 EP - 63 VL - 288 IS - 1-2 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated KW - Teratogens KW - Xenobiotics KW - hexachlorocyclopentadiene KW - IP6ATU242I KW - Hydrogen Sulfide KW - YY9FVM7NSN KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Reference Values KW - No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated -- toxicity KW - Humans KW - Teratogens -- toxicity KW - Hydrogen Sulfide -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Risk Assessment KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Inhalation Exposure KW - Xenobiotics -- adverse effects KW - Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71682891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Science+of+the+total+environment&rft.atitle=US+EPA%27s+acute+reference+exposure+methodology+for+acute+inhalation+exposures.&rft.au=Strickland%2C+Judy+A%3BFoureman%2C+Gary+L&rft.aulast=Strickland&rft.aufirst=Judy&rft.date=2002-04-08&rft.volume=288&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Science+of+the+total+environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-10-23 N1 - Date created - 2002-05-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A pharmacokinetic model for estimating exposure of Americans to dioxin-like compounds in the past, present, and future AN - 18563683; 5378779 AB - Empirical evidence suggests that exposure of Americans to dioxin-like compounds was low during the early decades of the 20th century, then increased during the 1940s and 1950s, reaching a peak in the 1960s and 1970s, and progressively decreased to lower levels in the 1980s and 1990s. Such evidence includes dioxin analysis of carbon-dated sediment cores of lakes and rivers, preserved meat samples from different decades of the 20th century, and limited body burden measurements of dioxin-like compounds. Pinsky and Lorber (1998) summarized studies measuring 2,3,7,8-TCDD in blood and adipose tissue, and found a range of 10-20 pg/g (ppt) lipid during the 1970s, and 2-10 ppt lipid during the 1980s. This study reviews body burdens of dioxin toxic equivalents, TEQs, to find a range from approximately 50 to 80 ppt lipid during the 1970s, 30-50 ppt lipid during the 1980s, and 10-20 ppt lipid during the 1990s (TEQs comprised of the 17 dioxin and furan congeners only). Pinsky and Lorber (1998) investigated historical exposure trends for 2,3,7,8-TCDD by using a single-compartment, first-order pharmacokinetic model. The current study extends this prior effort by modeling dioxin TEQs instead of the single compound, 2,3,7,8-TCDD. TEQs are modeled as though they were a single compound, in contrast to an approach where the individual dioxin and furan congeners are modeled separately. It was found that body burdens of TEQs during the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s could be modeled by assuming a historical dose which began the century at low levels of approximately 0.5 pg TEQ/kg/day, rose during the middle decades of the 20th century to over 6 pg TEQ/kg/day, and declined to current levels of approximately 0.5 pg TEQ/kg/day. Trends in individual and population body burdens of TEQs are also investigated using this PK modeling framework. A key uncertainty of this effort -- assuming that TEQs behave as though they were a single compound -- is discussed and analyzed. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Lorber, M AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave, NW, Washington, DC, USA, lorber.matthew@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/04/08/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Apr 08 SP - 81 EP - 95 VL - 288 IS - 1-2 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - man KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - X 24222:Analytical procedures KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18563683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=A+pharmacokinetic+model+for+estimating+exposure+of+Americans+to+dioxin-like+compounds+in+the+past%2C+present%2C+and+future&rft.au=Lorber%2C+M&rft.aulast=Lorber&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-04-08&rft.volume=288&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: Issues and applications in toxicology and risk assessment. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Incorporating human interindividual biotransformation variance in health risk assessment AN - 18393407; 5378773 AB - The protection of sensitive individuals within a population dictates that measures other than central tendencies be employed to estimate risk. The refinement of human health risk assessments for chemicals metabolized by the liver to reflect data on human variability can be accomplished through (1) the characterization of enzyme expression in large banks of human liver samples, (2) the employment of appropriate techniques for the quantification and extrapolation of metabolic rates derived in vitro, and (3) the judicious application of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling. While in vitro measurements of specific biochemical reactions from multiple human samples can yield qualitatively valuable data on human variance, such measures must be put into the perspective of the intact human to yield the most valuable predictions of metabolic differences among humans. For quantitative metabolism data to be the most valuable in risk assessment, they must be tied to human anatomy and physiology, and the impact of their variance evaluated under real exposure scenarios. For chemicals metabolized in the liver, the concentration of parent chemical in the liver represents the substrate concentration in the Michaelis-Menten description of metabolism. Metabolic constants derived in vitro may be extrapolated to the intact liver, when appropriate conditions are met. Metabolic capacity V sub(max); the maximal rate of the reaction) can be scaled directly to the concentration of enzyme (or enzyme fraction) contained in the liver. Several environmental, genetic and lifestyle factors can influence the concentration of cytochrome P450 forms (CYP) in the liver by affecting either (1) the extent to which the CYP forms are expressed in the endoplasmic reticulum of the cell (isolated as the microsomal fraction from tissue homogenates), or (2) the expression of microsomal protein in intact liver tissue. Biochemically sound measures of the hepatic distribution of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes among humans, based on expression of the enzymes within microsomal protein and the distribution of microsomal protein among intact livers, can be combined with metabolic constants derived in vitro to generate values consistent with those employed in PBPK models. When completed, the distribution (and bounds) of V sub(max) values can be estimated and included in PBPK models. Exercising such models under plausible exposure scenarios will demonstrate the extent to which human interindividual enzyme variance can influence parameters (i.e., the detoxication of a toxic chemical through metabolism) that may influence risk. In this article, we describe a methodology and conditions which must exist for such an approach to be successful. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Lipscomb, J C AU - Kedderis, G L AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment, 26 W. ML King Drive, MD-190, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA, Lipscomb.John@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/04/08/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Apr 08 SP - 13 EP - 21 VL - 288 IS - 1-2 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - methodology KW - Risk Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18393407?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Incorporating+human+interindividual+biotransformation+variance+in+health+risk+assessment&rft.au=Lipscomb%2C+J+C%3BKedderis%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Lipscomb&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-04-08&rft.volume=288&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: Issues and applications in toxicology and risk assessment. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synergy and other ineffective mixture risk definitions AN - 18387551; 5378775 AB - A substantial effort has been spent over the past few decades to label toxicologic interaction outcomes as synergistic, antagonistic, or additive. Although useful in influencing the emotions of the public and the press, these labels have contributed fairly little to our understanding of joint toxic action. Part of the difficulty is that their underlying toxicological concepts are only defined for two chemical mixtures, while most environmental and occupational exposures are to mixtures of many more chemicals. Furthermore, the mathematical characterizations of synergism and antagonism are inextricably linked to the prevailing definition of `no interaction,' instead of some intrinsic toxicological property. For example, the US EPA has selected dose addition as the no-interaction definition for mixture risk assessment, so that synergism would represent toxic effects that exceed those predicted from dose addition. For now, labels such as synergism are useful to regulatory agencies, both for qualitative indications of public health risk as well as numerical decision tools for mixture risk characterization. Efforts to quantify interaction designations for use in risk assessment formulas, however, are highly simplified and carry large uncertainties. Several research directions, such as pharmacokinetic measurements and models, and toxicogenomics, should promote significant improvements by providing multi-component data that will allow biologically based mathematical models of joint toxicity to replace these pairwise interaction labels in mixture risk assessment procedures. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Hertzberg, R C AU - MacDonell, M M AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, 61 Forsyth St, Atlanta, GA, USA, hertzberg.rick@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2002/04/08/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Apr 08 SP - 31 EP - 42 VL - 288 IS - 1-2 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - synergism KW - Risk Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24222:Analytical procedures KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18387551?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Synergy+and+other+ineffective+mixture+risk+definitions&rft.au=Hertzberg%2C+R+C%3BMacDonell%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=Hertzberg&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-04-08&rft.volume=288&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: Issues and applications in toxicology and risk assessment. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Health advisory values for drinking water contaminants and the methodology for determining acute exposure values AN - 1665491870; 5378776 AB - The Health Advisory (HA) Program of the Office of Water provides informal technical guidance to Federal, State and local officials responsible for protecting health when emergency spills or contamination situations occur. Under this program, first initiated in 1985, HA values are developed for 1-day, 10-day, longer-term (approx. 7 years) and lifetime exposures based on data describing non- cancer endpoints of toxicity. For substances that are known or probable human carcinogens, lifetime HAs are not recommended. In these situations, the HA document provides an estimate of the drinking water concentration that is equivalent to a 10 super(-4)-10 super(-6) cancer risk. US EPA has HA documents for over 175 chemicals dating from 1987 to 1998. A tabular summary of HA values can be accessed through the EPA Office of Science and Technology (OST) web page. The HA support documents provide a concise technical summary of and references for information on chemical, physical and toxicological properties, analytical methods, and treatment technologies. Some of the lifetime HA and cancer values in the HA documents may no longer agree with the most recent Agency assessment for Reference Dose (RfD) and cancer effects. However, the lifetime HA and cancer values presented in the HA tables have been updated to correspond with agency consensus values as presented in the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) database. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Donohue, J M AU - Lipscomb, J C AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Mail Code 4304, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 2002/04/08/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Apr 08 SP - 43 EP - 49 VL - 288 IS - 1-2 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Environmental Protection Agency KW - USA KW - acute exposure KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Water supplies (Potable) KW - Chemicals KW - Risk assessment KW - Government policy KW - Public health KW - Drinking Water KW - Public Health KW - Toxicology KW - Government programs KW - Water Quality KW - Toxicity KW - Cancer KW - Water pollution KW - Diseases (Malignant) KW - Risk KW - EPA KW - Databases KW - Public-health KW - Toxicity (see also Lethal limits) KW - Contaminants KW - Drinking water KW - Water quality (Natural waters) KW - Information systems KW - R2 23090:Policy and planning KW - H 3000:Environment and Ecology KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1665491870?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Health+advisory+values+for+drinking+water+contaminants+and+the+methodology+for+determining+acute+exposure+values&rft.au=Donohue%2C+J+M%3BLipscomb%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Donohue&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-04-08&rft.volume=288&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: Issues and applications in toxicology and risk assessment. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Databases; Government policy; Drinking water; Water pollution; Public health; Risk assessment; Chemicals; EPA; Government programs; Contaminants; Cancer; Toxicology; Information systems; Water supplies (Potable); Public-health; Toxicity (see also Lethal limits); Water quality (Natural waters); Diseases (Malignant); Risk; Public Health; Drinking Water; Water Quality; Toxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity testing, risk assessment, and options for dredged material management. AN - 71941915; 12139319 AB - Programs for evaluating proposed discharges of dredged material into waters of the United States specify a tiered testing and evaluation protocol that includes performance of acute and chronic bioassays to assess toxicity of the dredged sediments. Although these evaluations reflect the toxicological risks associated with disposal activities to some degree, analysis activities are limited to the sediments of each dredging project separately. Cumulative risks to water column and benthic organisms at and near the designated disposal site are therefore difficult to assess. An alternate approach is to focus attention on the disposal site, with the goal of understanding more directly the risks of multiple disposal events to receiving ecosystems. Here we review current US toxicity testing and evaluation protocols, and describe an application of ecological risk assessment that allows consideration of the temporal and spatial components of risk to receiving aquatic ecosystems. When expanded to include other disposal options, this approach can provide the basis for holistic management of dredged material disposal. JF - Marine pollution bulletin AU - Munns, Wayne R AU - Berry, Walter J AU - Dewitt, Theodore H AD - NHEERL Atlantic Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA. munns.wayne@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 294 EP - 302 VL - 44 IS - 4 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Toxicity Tests, Chronic KW - Toxicity Tests, Acute KW - Program Evaluation KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Risk Assessment KW - Geologic Sediments -- chemistry KW - Geologic Sediments -- analysis KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Risk Management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71941915?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+pollution+bulletin&rft.atitle=Toxicity+testing%2C+risk+assessment%2C+and+options+for+dredged+material+management.&rft.au=Munns%2C+Wayne+R%3BBerry%2C+Walter+J%3BDewitt%2C+Theodore+H&rft.aulast=Munns&rft.aufirst=Wayne&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=294&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+pollution+bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-03-06 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An overview of toxicant identification in sediments and dredged materials. AN - 71940892; 12139318 AB - The identification of toxicants affecting aquatic benthic systems is critical to sound assessment and management of our nation's waterways. Identification of toxicants can be useful in designing effective sediment remediation plans and reasonable options for sediment disposal. Knowledge of which contaminants affect benthic systems allows managers to link pollution to specific dischargers and prevent further release of toxicant(s). In addition, identification of major causes of toxicity in sediments may guide programs such as those developing environmental sediment guidelines and registering pesticides, while knowledge of the causes of toxicity which drive ecological changes such as shifts in benthic community structure would be useful in performing ecological risk assessments. To this end, the US Environmental Protection Agency has developed tools (toxicity identification and evaluation (TIE) methods) that allow investigators to characterize and identify chemicals causing acute toxicity in sediments and dredged materials. To date, most sediment TIEs have been performed on interstitial waters. Preliminary evidence from the use of interstitial water TIEs reveals certain patterns in causes of sediment toxicity. First, among all sediments tested, there is no one predominant cause of toxicity; metals, organics, and ammonia play approximately equal roles in causing toxicity. Second, within a single sediment there are multiple causes of toxicity detected; not just one chemical class is active. Third, the role of ammonia is very prominent in these interstitial waters. Finally, if sediments are divided into marine or freshwater, TIEs perforMed on interstitial waters from freshwater sediments indicate a variety of toxicants in fairly equal proportions, while TIEs performed on interstitial waters from marine sediments have identified only ammonia and organics as toxicants, with metals playing a minor role. Preliminary evidence from whole sediment TIEs indicates that organic compounds play a major role in the toxicity of marine sediments, with almost no evidence for either metal or ammonia toxicity. However, interpretation of these results may be skewed because only a small number of interstitial water (n = 13) and whole sediment (n = 5) TIEs have been completed. These trends may change as more data are collected. JF - Marine pollution bulletin AU - Ho, Kay T AU - Burgess, Robert M AU - Pelletier, Marguerite C AU - Serbst, Jonathan R AU - Ryba, Steve A AU - Cantwell, Mark G AU - Kuhn, Anne AU - Raczelowski, Pamela AD - Atlantic Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA. ho.kay@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 286 EP - 293 VL - 44 IS - 4 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Seawater -- chemistry KW - Fresh Water -- chemistry KW - Fresh Water -- analysis KW - Seawater -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Risk Assessment KW - Geologic Sediments -- chemistry KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Geologic Sediments -- analysis KW - Toxicity Tests -- methods KW - Toxicity Tests -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71940892?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+pollution+bulletin&rft.atitle=An+overview+of+toxicant+identification+in+sediments+and+dredged+materials.&rft.au=Ho%2C+Kay+T%3BBurgess%2C+Robert+M%3BPelletier%2C+Marguerite+C%3BSerbst%2C+Jonathan+R%3BRyba%2C+Steve+A%3BCantwell%2C+Mark+G%3BKuhn%2C+Anne%3BRaczelowski%2C+Pamela&rft.aulast=Ho&rft.aufirst=Kay&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=286&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+pollution+bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-03-06 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine-induced cytotoxicity and limb reduction defects in the mouse. AN - 71598547; 11948564 AB - 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (dAZA), causes hindlimb phocomelia in CD-1 mice. Studies in our laboratory have examined the hypothesis that compound- induced changes in gene expression may uniquely affect hindlimb pattern formation. The present study tests the hypothesis that dAZA causes limb dysplasia by inducing cytotoxicity among rapidly proliferating cells in the limb bud mesenchyme. Pregnant CD-1 mice were given a teratogenic dose of dAZA (i.p.) at different times on GD 10 and fetuses evaluated for skeletal development in both sets of limbs by standard methods. Using general histology and BrdU immunohistochemistry, limb mesenchymal cell death and cell proliferation were then assessed in embryos at various times post dosing, shortly after initial limb bud outgrowth. The effect of dAZA on early limb chondrogenesis was also studied using Northern analysis of scleraxis and Alcian blue staining of whole mount limb buds. Compound related hindlimb defects were not restricted to a specific set of skeletal elements but consisted of a range of temporally related limb anomalies. Modest defects of the radius were observed as well. These results are consistent with a general insult to the limb mesenchyme. Mesenchymal cell death and reduced cell proliferation were also observed in both sets of limbs. The timing and location of these effects indicate a role for cytotoxicity in the etiology of dAZA induced limb defects. These effects also agree with the greater teratogenicity of dAZA in the hindlimb because they were more pronounced in that limb. The expression of scleraxis, a marker of early chondrogenesis, was reduced 12 hr after dAZA exposure, a time coincident with maximal cell death, as was the subsequent emergence of Alcian blue stained long bone anlagen. These findings support the hypothesis that cytotoxic changes in the limb bud mesenchyme during early limb outgrowth can induce the proximal limb truncations characteristic of phocomelia after dAZA administration. Copyright 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - Teratology AU - Rosen, Mitchell B AU - Chernoff, Neil AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Reproductive Toxicology Division, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. rosen.mitch@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 180 EP - 190 VL - 65 IS - 4 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors KW - 0 KW - Scx protein, mouse KW - Teratogens KW - Transcription Factors KW - decitabine KW - 776B62CQ27 KW - Azacitidine KW - M801H13NRU KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cell Death KW - Mice KW - Transcription Factors -- genetics KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Cell Division KW - Azacitidine -- toxicity KW - Azacitidine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Extremities -- growth & development KW - Teratogens -- toxicity KW - Limb Deformities, Congenital -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71598547?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=5-Aza-2%27-deoxycytidine-induced+cytotoxicity+and+limb+reduction+defects+in+the+mouse.&rft.au=Rosen%2C+Mitchell+B%3BChernoff%2C+Neil&rft.aulast=Rosen&rft.aufirst=Mitchell&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=180&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-06-21 N1 - Date created - 2002-04-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating the ecological significance of laboratory response data to predict population-level effects for the estruarine amphipod Ampelisca abdita. AN - 71595899; 11951963 AB - Ten-day acute mortality of the benthic amphipod Ampelisca abdita is used in a number of regulatory, research, and monitoring programs to evaluate chemical contamination of marine sediments. Although this endpoint has proven to be valuable for characterizing the relative toxicities of sediments, the significance of acute mortality with respect to population viability has not yet been established. In this study, population modeling along with empirical extrapolation were used to describe a relationship between acute mortality and population-level response of A. abdita. The research involved the performance of a standard 10-d sediment toxicity bioassay and a 70-d full life-cycle chronic population (including reproduction) bioassay exposing A. abdita to sediments spiked with concentrations of the divalent metal cadmium (normalized to acid volatile sulfide) expected to produce a range of biological effects. These data provided age-specific schedules of survival and fecundity that were used to parameterize an age-classified projection matrix model for A. abdita. Measured exposure data and population growth rate estimates, obtained using the demographic information collected during the 70-d assay, were used to develop exposure-response models. These data were also used to develop an empirical relationship between population growth rate (lambda) and acute mortality. This relationship describes how acute data may be used to predict concentrations that produce population-level effects. Model manipulations permit extrapolation of early life-stage mortality (the acute endpoint) to changes in population growth rate. These relationships were used to evaluate a range of ecologically acceptable acute mortality for A. abdita. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Kuhn, Anne AU - Munns, Wayne R AU - Serbst, Jonathan AU - Edwards, Phillip AU - Cantwell, Mark G AU - Gleason, Timothy AU - Pelletier, Marguerite C AU - Berry, Walter AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Atlantic Ecology Division, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02282, USA. kuhn.anne@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 865 EP - 874 VL - 21 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Cadmium KW - 00BH33GNGH KW - Index Medicus KW - Mortality KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - Endpoint Determination KW - Population Dynamics KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Cadmium -- toxicity KW - Forecasting KW - Longevity KW - Risk Assessment KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Crustacea KW - Toxicity Tests UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71595899?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=Evaluating+the+ecological+significance+of+laboratory+response+data+to+predict+population-level+effects+for+the+estruarine+amphipod+Ampelisca+abdita.&rft.au=Kuhn%2C+Anne%3BMunns%2C+Wayne+R%3BSerbst%2C+Jonathan%3BEdwards%2C+Phillip%3BCantwell%2C+Mark+G%3BGleason%2C+Timothy%3BPelletier%2C+Marguerite+C%3BBerry%2C+Walter&rft.aulast=Kuhn&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=865&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-10-01 N1 - Date created - 2002-04-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Environmental justice: building a unified vision of health and the environment. AN - 71568661; 11929721 AB - The assorted and multidimensional concerns that give rise to the issue of environmental justice have proved to be intellectually daunting and highly resistant to positive change. Low-income, people of color, and tribal communities confronting environmental stressors are beset by stressors in both the physical and social environments. For this reason, while the bifurcation of the public health and environmental fields taking place over the past several decades has yielded generally negative impacts in areas of public health, environment, and planning, the consequences for low-income and disadvantaged communities have been especially grievous. This commentary builds on the recent Institute of Medicine workshop titled "Rebuilding the Unity of Health and the Environment: A New Vision of Environmental Health for the 21st Century." The workshop organizers posited that only by thinking about environmental health on multiple levels will it be possible to merge various strategies to protect both the environment and health. In this commentary we examine how such a new vision of uniting public health and the environment can contribute to attaining environmental justice for all populations. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Lee, Charles Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 141 EP - 144 VL - 110 Suppl 2 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Policy Making KW - Minority Groups KW - Social Class KW - Poverty KW - Humans KW - Liability, Legal KW - Environmental Health KW - Public Policy KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71568661?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Environmental+justice%3A+building+a+unified+vision+of+health+and+the+environment.&rft.au=Lee%2C+Charles&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=110+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-05-07 N1 - Date created - 2002-04-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: AAOHN J. 1989 Mar;37(3):115-30 [2647086] N Engl J Med. 1975 Jan 16;292(3):123-9 [1196336] JAMA. 1990 Oct 3;264(13):1683-7 [2398607] Toxicol Ind Health. 1993 Sep-Oct;9(5):679-83 [8184440] Sociol Inq. 1983;53(2-3):273-88 [11635985] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stachylysin may be a cause of hemorrhaging in humans exposed to Stachybotrys chartarum. AN - 71530925; 11895972 AB - Stachybotrys chartarum is a toxigenic fungus that has been associated with human health concerns such as nasal bleeding in adults and pulmonary hemosiderosis (PH) in infants. Seven of eight strains of S. chartarum isolated from homes of infants with PH in Cleveland, Ohio, and the strain from the lung of an infant with PH in Texas produced stachylysin in tryptic soy broth (TSB), whereas only one out of eight strains isolated from control homes produced stachylysin. However, all strains produced stachylysin when grown on TSB with 0.7% sheep's blood. When stachylysin was injected into Lumbricus terrestis, the erythrocruorin hemoglobin (absorbance peaks at 280 and 415 nm) was released, resulting in a lethal effect. These results support the hypothesis that stachylysin may be one agent responsible for hemorrhaging in humans. JF - Infection and immunity AU - Vesper, Stephen J AU - Vesper, Mary Jo AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA. Vesper.Stephen@EPA.gov Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 2065 EP - 2069 VL - 70 IS - 4 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Hemolysin Proteins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Oligochaeta -- drug effects KW - Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel KW - Humans KW - Species Specificity KW - Hemolysin Proteins -- isolation & purification KW - Stachybotrys -- pathogenicity KW - Hemolysin Proteins -- toxicity KW - Hemorrhage -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71530925?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+immunity&rft.atitle=Stachylysin+may+be+a+cause+of+hemorrhaging+in+humans+exposed+to+Stachybotrys+chartarum.&rft.au=Vesper%2C+Stephen+J%3BVesper%2C+Mary+Jo&rft.aulast=Vesper&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2065&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-04-11 N1 - Date created - 2002-03-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Environ Health Perspect. 1999 Nov;107(11):927-30 [10544162] Pediatrics. 1999 Oct;104(4 Pt 1):964-6 [10506242] Infect Immun. 2001 Feb;69(2):912-6 [11159985] Science. 1973 Aug 24;181(4101):758-60 [4737542] Nihon Saikingaku Zasshi. 1972 Sep;27(5):649-55 [4581174] J Biol Chem. 1973 Nov 25;248(22):7904-12 [4750432] J Med Microbiol. 1975 May;8(2):279-87 [1142415] Jpn J Med Sci Biol. 1975 Oct-Dec;28(5-6):328-31 [778450] Microbiol Immunol. 1977;21(1):11-22 [16196] Science. 1981 Mar 27;211(4489):1437-8 [6162199] Microbiol Rev. 1984 Dec;48(4):326-43 [6394977] Infect Immun. 1985 Sep;49(3):765-9 [4040889] Am J Vet Res. 1988 Oct;49(10):1657-60 [2973271] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1991 Apr;143(4 Pt 1):797-805 [1826193] Microbiol Rev. 1991 Dec;55(4):733-51 [1779933] Lab Invest. 1992 Mar;66(3):362-9 [1538589] Glycobiology. 1993 Apr;3(2):97-130 [8490246] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1994 Sep 13;1219(1):148-50 [8086452] Infect Immun. 1994 Nov;62(11):5154-6 [7927798] Arch Microbiol. 1996 Feb;165(2):73-9 [8593102] Infect Immun. 1996 Sep;64(9):3818-26 [8751934] Curr Opin Pediatr. 1997 Jun;9(3):219-24 [9229159] Adv Exp Med Biol. 1997;418:627-30 [9331730] Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1998 Aug;152(8):757-62 [9701134] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1998 Oct;64(10):3620-5 [9758776] Microbiol Immunol. 1999;43(1):29-38 [10100744] Pediatr Res. 1999 May;45(5 Pt 1):626-34 [10231855] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1999 Jul;65(7):3175-81 [10388719] Environ Health Perspect. 1999 Jun;107 Suppl 3:495-9 [10346998] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2000 Jun;66(6):2678-81 [10831457] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of aquatic life criteria for selenium: a regulatory perspective on critical issues and research needs. AN - 71493858; 11879941 AB - The US is currently in the process of revising its freshwater, chronic aquatic life criterion for selenium. The fundamental issues being addressed include which environmental compartment(s) support the most reliable expression of the criterion, which form(s) of selenium should be measured in the medium (media) of choice, and which site-specific water quality (or other factors) should be linked to the expression of the criterion. Literature reviews and a recent workshop were conducted to assess the state of the science on various issues related to water-, tissue- and sediment-based criteria for selenium. Evaluation of many of these issues is ongoing. In terms of water column criteria issues, data limitations will likely restrict the expression of a criterion to operationally defined forms (e.g. total recoverable, dissolved). The specific identity of organoselenium in natural systems is lacking and may not be appropriately represented by free seleno-amino acids (e.g. selenomethionine). The available data do not appear to support quantitative relationships between chronic toxicity and water quality characteristics. In terms of a tissue-based criterion, reproductive tissue (ovary, egg) has been recommended as the tissue of choice, but practical concerns and data availability require consideration of other tissues (e.g. whole-body). Organoselenium (bound to peptides or proteins) is thought to be the form of greatest toxicological importance in fish, however, direct measurements of organoselenium compounds in tissues are very limited. Route of exposure (food vs. water uptake) may prove important for establishing diagnostic tissue residues for selenium based on laboratory data. Data on toxicological aspects of selenium in sediments appear sparse, particularly in relation to different sedimentary forms. Reliable assessments of bioaccumulation will likely be critical for making site-specific modifications to chronic selenium criteria, however, many technical issues for assessing bioaccumulation remain. The need for improved analytical methods for directly speciating organoselenium in various environmental media underpins many of the current data gaps. Improving analytical methodologies to enable affordable and reliable measurement of organoselenium compounds holds significant promise for advancing selenium ecotoxicological research. JF - Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) AU - Sappington, Keith G AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment (8623D), 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20460, USA. sappington.keith@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 101 EP - 113 VL - 57 IS - 1-2 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - Antioxidants KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Selenium KW - H6241UJ22B KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Fresh Water KW - Food Chain KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Antioxidants -- analysis KW - Selenium -- metabolism KW - Selenium -- analysis KW - Antioxidants -- metabolism KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Selenium -- toxicity KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Antioxidants -- toxicity KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- metabolism KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71493858?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+toxicology+%28Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands%29&rft.atitle=Development+of+aquatic+life+criteria+for+selenium%3A+a+regulatory+perspective+on+critical+issues+and+research+needs.&rft.au=Sappington%2C+Keith+G&rft.aulast=Sappington&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+toxicology+%28Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands%29&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-02 N1 - Date created - 2002-03-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Java classes for nonprocedural variogram modeling AN - 52084593; 2002-055409 AB - A set of Java (super TM) classes was written for variogram modeling to support research for US EPA's Regional Vulnerability Assessment Program (ReVA). The modeling objectives of this research program are to use conceptual programming tools for numerical analysis for regional risk assessment. The classes presented use of object-oriented design elements, and their use is described for the benefit of programmers. To help facilitate their use, class diagrams and standard JavaDoc commenting were employed. Java's support for polymorphism and inheritance is used and these are described as ways to promote extension of these classes for other geostatistical applications. Among the advantages is the ease of programming, code reuse, and conceptual, rather than procedural implementation. A graphical application for variogram modeling that uses the classes is also provided and described. It can also be used by non-programmers. This application uses a generalized least-squares fitting algorithm for robust parametric variogram model fitting through the variogram cloud. This feature makes this program unique from other freely available variogram modeling programs, though the classes are presented primarily so they may be extended for use in other Java programs. More traditional variogram plotting and fitting utilities are also provided. This application is graphical and platform-neutral. It uses classes of the recently proposed Java API for linear algebra, called the package. JF - Computers & Geosciences AU - Faulkner, Barton R Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 387 EP - 397 PB - Pergamon, New York-Oxford-Toronto VL - 28 IS - 3 SN - 0098-3004, 0098-3004 KW - Java language KW - computer languages KW - variance analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - data processing KW - simulation KW - models KW - computer programs KW - variograms KW - risk assessment KW - ecology KW - algorithms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52084593?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Java+classes+for+nonprocedural+variogram+modeling&rft.au=Faulkner%2C+Barton+R&rft.aulast=Faulkner&rft.aufirst=Barton&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=387&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.issn=00983004&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5840&_auth=y&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=e5198452fad934c6346f38b57511c8e0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GGEOD5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; computer languages; computer programs; data processing; ecology; Java language; models; risk assessment; simulation; statistical analysis; variance analysis; variograms ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Technical considerations for a large network of ASR wells in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Program AN - 52016667; 2003-018929 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Renken, Robert A AU - Fies, Michael W AU - Komlos, Shawn B Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 87 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - toxic materials KW - salt-water intrusion KW - Everglades KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - water balance KW - organo-metallics KW - Florida KW - cost KW - recovery KW - feasibility studies KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - methylmercury KW - transport KW - water treatment KW - Floridan Aquifer KW - water wells KW - USGS KW - storage KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52016667?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Technical+considerations+for+a+large+network+of+ASR+wells+in+the+Comprehensive+Everglades+Restoration+Program&rft.au=Renken%2C+Robert+A%3BFies%2C+Michael+W%3BKomlos%2C+Shawn+B&rft.aulast=Renken&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://water.usgs.gov/ogw/pubs/ofr0289/index.htm https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/browse/usgs-publications/OFR LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - U. S. Geological Survey artificial recharge workshop N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; cost; ecosystems; Everglades; feasibility studies; Florida; Floridan Aquifer; ground water; methylmercury; organo-metallics; pollution; recovery; salt-water intrusion; storage; surface water; toxic materials; transport; United States; USGS; water balance; water quality; water treatment; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Residual mutagenicity of the Alaskan oil spill organics AN - 20100506; 5379865 AB - The Exxon Valdez, on March 24, 1989, spilled approximately eleven million gallons of Prudhoe Bay crude oil into the waters of Prince William Sound. Approximately 300 miles of contaminated beach were potentially treatable by bioremediation methods. To understand whether or not bioremediation is feasible in such rugged terrain and to examine for any potential deleterious effects, the U.S. EPA conducted one of the world's largest in situ bioremediation research projects. One of the methods used to assess any potential health effects associated with this and similar spills was the examination of mutagenicity associated with the oil spill, the weathered oil, and the products associated with bioremediation. Due to the characteristics of the samples, tests were done using the spiral Salmonella assay. Both the Prudhoe Bay crude oil and the weathered oils tested were weakly mutagenic using TA100. Organic samples collected from the treated beaches showed varying results depending upon the type and timing of the treatments. In the summer of 2001, soil samples containing residual oil from a number of beaches were again assessed for mutagenicity. No mutagenicity could be demonstrated in the organic samples from the EPA treated beaches. This is an abstract of a proposed publication and does not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. EPA or NOAA. JF - Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis AU - Claxton, L D AU - Warren, S AU - Kremer, F AU - Short, J W AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - Apr 2002 SP - 19 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 605 Third Ave. New York NY 10158-0012 USA, [URL:http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jtoc?ID=10009058] VL - 39 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - USA, Alaska, Prince William Sound KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Mutagens KW - Bioremediation KW - Mutagenesis KW - Oil KW - Soil KW - Crude oil KW - Sound KW - Oil Spills KW - Oil Pollution KW - Oil spills KW - Mutagenicity KW - Beaches KW - Toxicity KW - PNW, USA, Alaska, Prudhoe Bay KW - EPA KW - USA KW - Marine pollution KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - summer KW - Salmonella KW - INE, USA, Alaska, Alaska Gulf, Prince William Sound KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20100506?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Residual+mutagenicity+of+the+Alaskan+oil+spill+organics&rft.au=Claxton%2C+L+D%3BWarren%2C+S%3BKremer%2C+F%3BShort%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Claxton&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Mutagens; Beaches; Mutagenicity; Bioremediation; Sound; Oil spills; Mutagenesis; Oil; EPA; Crude oil; Marine pollution; summer; Water Pollution Effects; Oil Spills; Toxicity; Oil Pollution; Salmonella; PNW, USA, Alaska, Prudhoe Bay; USA; INE, USA, Alaska, Alaska Gulf, Prince William Sound ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of metric precision for a riparian forest survey AN - 18393536; 5372900 AB - This article evaluates the performance of a protocol to monitor riparian forests in western Oregon, United States based on the quality of the data obtained from a field survey. Precision is the criteria used to determine the quality of 19 field and 6 derived metrics. The derived metrics were calculated from the field data. The survey consisted of 110 riparian sites on public and private lands that were sampled during the summers of 1996 and 1997. In order to calculate metric precision, some of the field plots were re-measured. Metric precision was defined in terms of the coefficient of variability (CV) and standard deviation and then compared with a pre-defined data quality objective (DQO). A metric was considered precise if the CV met or exceeded the DQO. The geomorphology metrics were not precise while the forest stand inventory metrics and forest cover metrics, with some exceptions, were precise. The precision for many of the field and derived metrics compared favorably with the level of precision for similar metrics reported in the literature. Recommendations are made to improve the precision for some metrics and they include changing the way precision is calculated, re-defining the field protocol, or improving field training. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Barker, J R AU - Bollman, M AU - Ringold, P L AU - Sackinger, J AU - Cline, S P AD - Dynamac Corporation, Corvallis, USA, jbarker@heart.cor.epa.gov Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - Apr 2002 SP - 51 EP - 72 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, [mailto:sales@wkap.nl], [URL:http://www.kluweronline.com/] VL - 75 IS - 1 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04001:Methodology - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18393536?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochemistry+-+Exploration%2C+Environment%2C+Analysis&rft.atitle=Elemental+mercury+in+copper%2C+silver+and+gold+ores%3B+an+unexpected+contribution+to+Lake+Superior+sediments+with+global+implications&rft.au=Kerfoot%2C+W+Charles%3BHarting%2C+S+L%3BRossmann%2C+Ronald%3BRobbins%2C+John+A&rft.aulast=Kerfoot&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=2%2C+Part+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochemistry+-+Exploration%2C+Environment%2C+Analysis&rft.issn=14677873&rft_id=info:doi/10.1144%2F1467-787302-022 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon and Nitrogen Isotopes in Suspended Particles and Colloids, Chesapeake and San Francisco Estuaries, U.S.A. AN - 1665489945; 5407850 AB - Chesapeake and San Francisco Bays, U.S.A., are both river dominated, temperate estuaries. The organic carbon and nitrogen isotopic compositions of the suspended particles ( greater than or equal to 0.4 mu m), however, show major differences for nitrogen and minor differences for carbon. In northern San Francisco Bay, the carbon isotope values averaged -26.2 plus or minus 0.2ppt delta super(13)C for suspended particles, and for Chesapeake Bay and the Potomac River, the average was -24.3 plus or minus 3.2ppt. The nitrogen isotope ratios ( delta super(15)N) of suspended particles in northern San Francisco Bay in late summer were +0.9 plus or minus 0.4ppt, probably reflecting a nitrogen component from agricultural runoff. The values for Chesapeake Bay, and its subestuary, the Potomac River averaged +7.7 plus or minus 3.1ppt, with the highest values occurring during summer when the primary source of nitrogen originated from remineralized organic material. Carbon and nitrogen isotope values for colloids ( less than or equal to 0.4 mu m) were 8.2 plus or minus 1.7 for nitrogen and -26.0 plus or minus 1.6 for carbon (n=17) throughout both estuaries and the Potomac river. Ultrafiltrates, collected after filtration and ultrafiltration, had delta super(15)N values of +7.3 plus or minus 0.3 and delta super(13)C values of -24.5 plus or minus 1.7. The similarity of isotopic values between suspended particles and colloids in winter samples suggested that these colloids were formed by desorption or dissociation from resuspended sediments and soils. Summer colloids in San Francisco Bay were uniformly heavier by 7ppt than suspended particles suggesting that the lighter isotope was selectively utilized by heterotrophs, leaving an isotopically heavy colloid residual. Copyright 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. JF - Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science AU - Sigleo, A C AU - Macko, SA AD - College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Newport, Oregon, 97365, U.S.A., sigleo.anne@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 701 EP - 711 PB - Academic Press VL - 54 IS - 4 SN - 0272-7714, 0272-7714 KW - USA, California, San Francisco Estuary KW - USA, Chesapeake Estuary KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Sediment Transport KW - Rivers KW - Sediment chemistry KW - Suspended Sediments KW - Desorption KW - Colloids KW - Biogeochemical cycle KW - Estuaries KW - Brackish KW - Isotope Studies KW - Suspended particulate matter KW - Mineralization KW - ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay KW - Oxygen isotopes KW - Filtration KW - Organic Matter KW - INE, USA, California, San Francisco Bay KW - Nitrogen isotopes KW - Nitrogen KW - Bays KW - Q2 09187:Geochemistry of sediments KW - O 1080:Multi-disciplinary Studies KW - SW 0890:Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1665489945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuarine%2C+Coastal+and+Shelf+Science&rft.atitle=Carbon+and+Nitrogen+Isotopes+in+Suspended+Particles+and+Colloids%2C+Chesapeake+and+San+Francisco+Estuaries%2C+U.S.A.&rft.au=Sigleo%2C+A+C%3BMacko%2C+SA&rft.aulast=Sigleo&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=701&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuarine%2C+Coastal+and+Shelf+Science&rft.issn=02727714&rft_id=info:doi/10.1006%2Fecss.2001.0853 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Oxygen isotopes; Sediment chemistry; Desorption; Colloids; Biogeochemical cycle; Estuaries; Nitrogen isotopes; Suspended particulate matter; Mineralization; Bays; Sediment Transport; Filtration; Suspended Sediments; Organic Matter; Isotope Studies; Nitrogen; INE, USA, California, San Francisco Bay; ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay; Brackish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ecss.2001.0853 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling How a Hurricane Barrier in New Bedford Harbor, Massachusetts, Affects the Hydrodynamics and Residence Times AN - 1665489491; 5409225 AB - Two-dimensional hydrodynamic and transport models were used to simulate tidal and subtidal circulation, residence times, and the longitudinal distributions of conservative constituents in New Bedford Harbor, Massachusetts, before and after a hurricane barrier was constructed. The results indicated that the barrier altered circulation patterns in its immediate vicinity and enhanced mixing up to 1.5 km to its north and south. Although the barrier did not significantly affect the longitudinal distributions of conservative constituents, it increased their average residence times in the harbor by up to 30% and their local residence times by 5% to 180%. JF - Estuaries AU - Abdelrhman, MA AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Atlantic Ecology Division, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA, abdelrhman.mohamed@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - Apr 2002 SP - 177 EP - 196 VL - 25 IS - 2 SN - 0160-8347, 0160-8347 KW - Modelling KW - USA, Massachusetts, New Bedford Harbor KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Coastal engineering KW - Barriers KW - Hydrodynamics KW - Residence time KW - Tidal mixing KW - Storms KW - Mixing KW - Longitudinal dispersion KW - Coastal circulation models KW - Distribution (Mathematical) KW - Distribution KW - Harbour models KW - Coastal structures KW - Circulation KW - USA, Massachusetts, New Bedford KW - ANW, USA, Massachusetts, New Bedford, New Bedford Harbor KW - Harbours KW - Model Studies KW - Coastal zone management KW - Tidal barrier effects KW - Hurricanes KW - Shore protection KW - Water Circulation KW - Coastal oceanography KW - Harbors KW - Tidal constituents KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - O 6090:Instruments/Methods KW - Q2 09321:General KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.468.6:Estuaries. Problems of estuarine circulation and mixing of fresh and salt water. Formation of brackish water. (551.468.6) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1665489491?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries&rft.atitle=Modeling+How+a+Hurricane+Barrier+in+New+Bedford+Harbor%2C+Massachusetts%2C+Affects+the+Hydrodynamics+and+Residence+Times&rft.au=Abdelrhman%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Abdelrhman&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries&rft.issn=01608347&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hurricanes; Coastal engineering; Shore protection; Barriers; Coastal structures; Harbour models; Residence time; Coastal oceanography; Tidal mixing; Tidal constituents; Coastal zone management; Longitudinal dispersion; Coastal circulation models; Tidal barrier effects; Hydrodynamics; Distribution (Mathematical); Circulation; Harbours; Mixing; Storms; Distribution; Water Circulation; Harbors; Model Studies; USA, Massachusetts, New Bedford; ANW, USA, Massachusetts, New Bedford, New Bedford Harbor ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An interdisciplinary approach to valuing water from brush control AN - 1665485560; 5388062 AB - An analytic methodology utilizing models from three disciplines is developed to assess the viability of brush control for water yield in the Frio River basin, Texas. Ecological, hydrologic, and economic models are used to portray changes in forage production and water supply resulting from brush control, and to value supplemental water produced through brush control. Site-specific biophysical characteristics are used to simulate water yields from brush control across the watershed. Economic benefits from increased animal production for ranchers undertaking brush control are assessed. Benefits to Corpus Christi residential water consumers from ranchers' brush control activities are evaluated using the change in consumer surplus resulting from supplemental water produced through brush control. Results indicate an increase in water yield with brush control on 35 percent of the land area in the basin. However, the cost of brush control is more than the increase in returns it fosters on most range sites. Consumer surplus change for Corpus Christi residents over 25 years is zero under baseline conditions, implying subsidies for brush control in the Frio basin are not worthwhile at this time. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Lemberg, B AU - Mjelde, J W AU - Conner, J R AU - Griffin, R C AU - Rosenthal, W D AU - Stuth, J W AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, MS 498, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA, Lemberg.Beth@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 409 VL - 38 IS - 2 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - USA, Texas, Corpus Christi, Frio R. KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water yields KW - Case study KW - Value KW - Water Yield KW - Case Studies KW - Watershed Management KW - Cost-benefit Analysis KW - Range Management KW - Model Studies KW - Livestock KW - Livestock (see also Individual animals) KW - USA, Texas, Corpus Christi KW - Economic Evaluation KW - Water management KW - Cost effectiveness KW - Brush Control KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 4020:Evaluation process UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1665485560?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=An+interdisciplinary+approach+to+valuing+water+from+brush+control&rft.au=Lemberg%2C+B%3BMjelde%2C+J+W%3BConner%2C+J+R%3BGriffin%2C+R+C%3BRosenthal%2C+W+D%3BStuth%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Lemberg&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=409&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water yields; Case study; Water management; Cost effectiveness; Livestock (see also Individual animals); Economic Evaluation; Value; Water Yield; Case Studies; Watershed Management; Brush Control; Cost-benefit Analysis; Livestock; Model Studies; Range Management; USA, Texas, Corpus Christi ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New federal support for priority watershed management needs AN - 16134398; 5388075 AB - In the past five years, USDA and EPA programs became major players in implementing watershed programs. The 1996 Farm Bill for the first time required that USDA assistance for farmers address priority environmental needs on a site-specific, or watershed, basis. USDA involves farmers and other players in locally run watershed programs and focuses cost share and incentive payments on nutrient planning, riparian protection, and other practices prioritized to most efficiently achieve watershed goals. As a result, USDA has become a funding source for environmental initiatives targeted to watersheds, as well as a technical resource that attempts to support more efficient use of federal and state environmental expenditures. Analysis identifies institutional and technical barriers to targeting the very limited, new assistance and suggests how those barriers are being addressed by some innovative programs. Since Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) and other state run programs face many of the same challenges of ranking watersheds, setting goals, and finding cost effective remedies, this paper identifies a very close fit between the new federal programs and other watershed programs. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Ogg, C W AU - Keith, G A AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. EPA Office of Policy, 401 M St. SW, Washington, D.C. 20460, USA, ogg.clay@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - Apr 2002 SP - 577 VL - 38 IS - 2 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - USA KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Low cost) KW - Barriers KW - Financing KW - Water resources KW - Watershed Management KW - Economic Aspects KW - Costs (see also Economics KW - Freshwater KW - Watersheds KW - Environmental protection agencies KW - Expenditures KW - Administrative Agencies KW - Law (see also Legislation) KW - Water management KW - Catchment areas KW - Institutional Constraints KW - Economics KW - Government Supports KW - Priorities KW - Environmental Policy KW - Regional planning KW - River basin management KW - National planning KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 4030:Cost allocation, cost sharing, pricing KW - Q2 09184:Composition of water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16134398?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=New+federal+support+for+priority+watershed+management+needs&rft.au=Ogg%2C+C+W%3BKeith%2C+G+A&rft.aulast=Ogg&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=577&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Barriers; Financing; Water resources; Regional planning; Watersheds; River basin management; National planning; Low cost); Law (see also Legislation); Catchment areas; Water management; Economics; Costs (see also Economics; Environmental protection agencies; Administrative Agencies; Expenditures; Institutional Constraints; Government Supports; Environmental Policy; Priorities; Watershed Management; Economic Aspects; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Novel S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:Arsenic(III) Methyltransferase from Rat Liver Cytosol AN - 18366902; 5342786 AB - S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet):arsenic(III) methyltransferase, purified from liver cytosol of adult male Fischer 344 rats, catalyzes transfer of a methyl group from AdoMet to trivalent arsenicals producing methylated and dimethylated arsenicals. The kinetics of production of methylated arsenicals in reaction mixtures containing enzyme, AdoMet, dithiothreitol, glutathione (GSH), and arsenite are consistent with a scheme in which monomethylated arsenical produced from arsenite is the substrate for a second methylation reaction that yields dimethylated arsenical. The mRNA for this protein predicts a 369-amino acid residue protein (molecular mass 41056) that contains common methyltransferase sequence motifs. Its sequence is similar to Cyt19, a putative methyltransferase, expressed in human and mouse tissues. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction detects S-adenosyl-L-methionine:arsenic(III) methyltransferase mRNA in rat tissues and in HepG2 cells, a human cell line that methylates arsenite and methylarsonous acid. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:arsenic(III) methyltransferase mRNA is not detected in UROtsa cells, an immortalized human urothelial cell line that does not methylate arsenite. Because methylation of arsenic is a critical feature of its metabolism, characterization of this enzyme will improve our understanding of this metalloid's metabolism and its actions as a toxin and a carcinogen. JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry AU - Lin, S AU - Shi, Q AU - Nix, F B AU - Styblo, M AU - Beck, MA AU - Herbin-Davis, K M AU - Hall, L L AU - Simeonsson, J B AU - Thomas, D J AD - Curriculum in Toxicology, the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA, thomas.david@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/03/29/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 29 SP - 10795 EP - 10803 VL - 277 IS - 13 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18366902?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.atitle=A+Novel+S-Adenosyl-L-methionine%3AArsenic%28III%29+Methyltransferase+from+Rat+Liver+Cytosol&rft.au=Lin%2C+S%3BShi%2C+Q%3BNix%2C+F+B%3BStyblo%2C+M%3BBeck%2C+MA%3BHerbin-Davis%2C+K+M%3BHall%2C+L+L%3BSimeonsson%2C+J+B%3BThomas%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-03-29&rft.volume=277&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=10795&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The genotoxicity of priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in complex mixtures. AN - 71535006; 11909757 AB - Risk assessment of complex environmental samples suffers from difficulty in identifying toxic components, inadequacy of available toxicity data, and a paucity of knowledge about the behavior of geno(toxic) substances in complex mixtures. Lack of information about the behavior of toxic substances in complex mixtures is often avoided by assuming that the toxicity of a mixture is simply the sum of the expected effects from each mixture component, i.e. no synergistic or antagonistic interactions. Although this assumption is supported by research investigating non-genotoxic end-points, the literature describing the behavior of genotoxic substances in complex mixtures is sparse and, occasionally, contradictory. In this study, the results of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) analyses on freshwater bivalves were used to prepare realistic mixtures containing up to 16 PAHs. The SOS genotoxicity of the mixtures and each component were then assessed in an effort to evaluate the additivity of PAH genotoxicity. At nominal PAH concentrations above 1 microg/ml, observed genotoxic responses were far lower than those predicted under the assumption of additivity. At nominal concentrations below 0.75 microg/ml, differences are smaller and occasionally negligible, indicating that the genotoxicity of unsubstituted homocyclic PAHs is additive or slightly less than additive. Other researchers who have investigated the mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and DNA binding activity of mixtures containing unsubstituted homocyclic PAHs have also reported additive effects. Therefore, the mutagenic risk posed by simple, well-characterized mixtures of priority PAHs can reasonably be estimated as the sum of the risks posed by the mixture components. Current data indicate that less-than-additive effects likely result from saturation of metabolic pathways needed to activate mutagenic PAHs. JF - Mutation research AU - White, Paul A AD - NRC Research Associate, Atlantic Ecology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA. paul_white@hc-sc.gc.ca Y1 - 2002/03/25/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 25 SP - 85 EP - 98 VL - 515 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Animals KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Environmental Pollutants -- classification KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- toxicity KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - SOS Response (Genetics) -- drug effects KW - DNA Damage -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71535006?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=The+genotoxicity+of+priority+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons+in+complex+mixtures.&rft.au=White%2C+Paul+A&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2002-03-25&rft.volume=515&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-05-09 N1 - Date created - 2002-03-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Nutrient delivery and bioaugmentation processes using membranes and Gel Beads for in-situ bioremediation of contaminated sediments AN - 39606937; 3667222 AU - Tabak, H AU - Govind, R Y1 - 2002/03/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39606937?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Nutrient+delivery+and+bioaugmentation+processes+using+membranes+and+Gel+Beads+for+in-situ+bioremediation+of+contaminated+sediments&rft.au=Tabak%2C+H%3BGovind%2C+R&rft.aulast=Tabak&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2002-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Association for Environmental Health Sciences, 150 Fearing Street, Amherst, MA 01002, USA; phone: 413-549-5170; fax: 413-549-0579; email: info@aehs.com; URL: www.aehs.com N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Reducing uncertainties to agricultural greenhouse gas inventories through improved inventory methodologies AN - 39606129; 3663419 AU - Mangino, J AU - Wirth, T Y1 - 2002/03/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39606129?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Reducing+uncertainties+to+agricultural+greenhouse+gas+inventories+through+improved+inventory+methodologies&rft.au=Mangino%2C+J%3BWirth%2C+T&rft.aulast=Mangino&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-03-15&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Pharmacological+and+Toxicological+Methods&rft.issn=10568719&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1056-8719%2803%2900004-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Netherlands Association of Environmental Professionals, P.O. Box 2195, NL-5202 CD DEN BOSCH, The Netherlands; fax: 31-73-621 6985; URL: www.vvm.to/ncgg-3.htm. Poster Paper N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Marginal abatement costs for high GWP gases AN - 39605908; 3663373 AU - Upson Y1 - 2002/03/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39605908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Marginal+abatement+costs+for+high+GWP+gases&rft.au=Upson&rft.aulast=Upson&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2002-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Netherlands Association of Environmental Professionals, P.O. Box 2195, NL-5202 CD DEN BOSCH, The Netherlands; fax: 31-73-621 6985; URL: www.vvm.to/ncgg-3.htm N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - U.S. EPA perspective on source water protection AN - 39574834; 3665430 AU - McCormack, K B Y1 - 2002/03/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39574834?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=U.S.+EPA+perspective+on+source+water+protection&rft.au=McCormack%2C+K+B&rft.aulast=McCormack&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2002-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: National Ground Water Assoc., 601 Dempsey Road, Westerville, OH 43081-8978, USA; URL: www.ngwa.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Assessment of global methane emission estimates AN - 39545592; 3663357 AU - Irving, W N AU - Scheehle, E AU - Kruger, D Y1 - 2002/03/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39545592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+global+methane+emission+estimates&rft.au=Irving%2C+W+N%3BScheehle%2C+E%3BKruger%2C+D&rft.aulast=Irving&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2002-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Netherlands Association of Environmental Professionals, P.O. Box 2195, NL-5202 CD DEN BOSCH, The Netherlands; fax: 31-73-621 6985; URL: www.vvm.to/ncgg-3.htm N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Global industry initiative for reducing semiconductor PFC emissions AN - 39525613; 3663384 AU - Bartos, S AU - Fraust, C AU - Hayakawa, Y AU - Klerks, L AU - Rand, S Y1 - 2002/03/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39525613?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Global+industry+initiative+for+reducing+semiconductor+PFC+emissions&rft.au=Bartos%2C+S%3BFraust%2C+C%3BHayakawa%2C+Y%3BKlerks%2C+L%3BRand%2C+S&rft.aulast=Bartos&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Netherlands Association of Environmental Professionals, P.O. Box 2195, NL-5202 CD DEN BOSCH, The Netherlands; fax: 31-73-621 6985; URL: www.vvm.to/ncgg-3.htm N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Progress towards climate friendly magnesium production and casting AN - 39524415; 3668938 AU - Bartos, S C Y1 - 2002/03/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39524415?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Progress+towards+climate+friendly+magnesium+production+and+casting&rft.au=Bartos%2C+S+C&rft.aulast=Bartos&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, 184 Thorn Hill Road, Warrendale, Pennsylvania 15086, USA; phone: 724-776-9000; fax: 724-776-3770; URL: www.tms.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Indirect emissions from CH sub(4), CO and NMVOCs: The forgotten carbon in national greenhouse gas inventories AN - 39511004; 3663414 AU - Gillenwater, M Y1 - 2002/03/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39511004?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Indirect+emissions+from+CH+sub%284%29%2C+CO+and+NMVOCs%3A+The+forgotten+carbon+in+national+greenhouse+gas+inventories&rft.au=Gillenwater%2C+M&rft.aulast=Gillenwater&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Netherlands Association of Environmental Professionals, P.O. Box 2195, NL-5202 CD DEN BOSCH, The Netherlands; fax: 31-73-621 6985; URL: www.vvm.to/ncgg-3.htm. Poster Paper N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Estimating SF sub(6) emissions from electrical equipment and magnesium production and processing in the U.S. AN - 39510821; 3663378 AU - Schaefer, DO AU - Bartos, S AU - Kreider, A Y1 - 2002/03/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39510821?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Estimating+SF+sub%286%29+emissions+from+electrical+equipment+and+magnesium+production+and+processing+in+the+U.S.&rft.au=Schaefer%2C+DO%3BBartos%2C+S%3BKreider%2C+A&rft.aulast=Schaefer&rft.aufirst=DO&rft.date=2002-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Netherlands Association of Environmental Professionals, P.O. Box 2195, NL-5202 CD DEN BOSCH, The Netherlands; fax: 31-73-621 6985; URL: www.vvm.to/ncgg-3.htm N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Estimating technological change in methane mitigation in the US and internationally to 2050 AN - 39497048; 3663372 AU - Delhotal, K C AU - De La Chesnaye, F Y1 - 2002/03/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39497048?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Estimating+technological+change+in+methane+mitigation+in+the+US+and+internationally+to+2050&rft.au=Delhotal%2C+K+C%3BDe+La+Chesnaye%2C+F&rft.aulast=Delhotal&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2002-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Netherlands Association of Environmental Professionals, P.O. Box 2195, NL-5202 CD DEN BOSCH, The Netherlands; fax: 31-73-621 6985; URL: www.vvm.to/ncgg-3.htm N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Perspectives on decreases in nitrogen emissions - Current efforts and future directions AN - 39491105; 3660637 AU - Brenner, R Y1 - 2002/03/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39491105?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Perspectives+on+decreases+in+nitrogen+emissions+-+Current+efforts+and+future+directions&rft.au=Brenner%2C+R&rft.aulast=Brenner&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Ecological Society of America, 1707 H Street, NW, Suite 400, Washington, DC 20006, USA; phone: 202-833-8773; fax: 202-833-8775; email: N2001@esa.org; URL: education.esa.org/n2001 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Potential error associated with using chemical and equipment sales data to estimate greenhouse gas emissions from long-lived, pressurized equipment AN - 39483329; 3663423 AU - Schaefer, DO Y1 - 2002/03/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39483329?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Potential+error+associated+with+using+chemical+and+equipment+sales+data+to+estimate+greenhouse+gas+emissions+from+long-lived%2C+pressurized+equipment&rft.au=Schaefer%2C+DO&rft.aulast=Schaefer&rft.aufirst=DO&rft.date=2002-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Netherlands Association of Environmental Professionals, P.O. Box 2195, NL-5202 CD DEN BOSCH, The Netherlands; fax: 31-73-621 6985; URL: www.vvm.to/ncgg-3.htm. Poster Paper N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Hyde park landfill: A case history of DNAPL migration, delineation, and containment in fractured dolomite AN - 39482664; 3665482 AU - Sosa, G M AU - Derby, M P Y1 - 2002/03/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39482664?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Hyde+park+landfill%3A+A+case+history+of+DNAPL+migration%2C+delineation%2C+and+containment+in+fractured+dolomite&rft.au=Sosa%2C+G+M%3BDerby%2C+M+P&rft.aulast=Sosa&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: National Ground Water Assoc., 601 Dempsey Road, Westerville, OH 43081-8978, USA; URL: www.ngwa.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Development of the Neuse River Estuary nutrient TMDL AN - 39468655; 3660393 AU - Wool, T Y1 - 2002/03/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39468655?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Development+of+the+Neuse+River+Estuary+nutrient+TMDL&rft.au=Wool%2C+T&rft.aulast=Wool&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: University of Rhode Island, Graduate School of Oceanography, Narragansett Bay Campus, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA; phone: 727-367-2771; fax: 727-367-8082; URL: www.oce.uri.edu/ecm7 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Stabilizing global methane emissions: Assessing the feasibility of Dr James Hansen's "alternative scenario" AN - 39461050; 3663366 AU - Kruger, D AU - DelaChesnaye, F AU - Scheehle, E Y1 - 2002/03/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39461050?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Defining+the+Photochemical+Contribution+to+Particulate+Matter+in+Urban+Areas+Using+Time-Series+Analysis&rft.au=Rizzo%2C+M%3BScheff%2C+P%3BRamakrishnan%2C+V&rft.aulast=Rizzo&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=593&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Netherlands Association of Environmental Professionals, P.O. Box 2195, NL-5202 CD DEN BOSCH, The Netherlands; fax: 31-73-621 6985; URL: www.vvm.to/ncgg-3.htm N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - International cooperation to reduce magnesium industry SF sub(6) emissions AN - 39461010; 3663438 AU - Bartos, S AU - Hillis, J AU - Clow, B Y1 - 2002/03/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39461010?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=International+cooperation+to+reduce+magnesium+industry+SF+sub%286%29+emissions&rft.au=Bartos%2C+S%3BHillis%2C+J%3BClow%2C+B&rft.aulast=Bartos&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Netherlands Association of Environmental Professionals, P.O. Box 2195, NL-5202 CD DEN BOSCH, The Netherlands; fax: 31-73-621 6985; URL: www.vvm.to/ncgg-3.htm. Poster Paper N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Estimated Chesapeake Bay water quality and living resource response to different nutrient and sediment loads AN - 39453781; 3660457 AU - Linker, L Y1 - 2002/03/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39453781?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Estimated+Chesapeake+Bay+water+quality+and+living+resource+response+to+different+nutrient+and+sediment+loads&rft.au=Linker%2C+L&rft.aulast=Linker&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: University of Rhode Island, Graduate School of Oceanography, Narragansett Bay Campus, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA; phone: 727-367-2771; fax: 727-367-8082; URL: www.oce.uri.edu/ecm7 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Characterizing and managing ground-water resources in fractured-rock hydrogeologic settings AN - 39439854; 3665428 AU - Wireman, M Y1 - 2002/03/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39439854?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Characterizing+and+managing+ground-water+resources+in+fractured-rock+hydrogeologic+settings&rft.au=Wireman%2C+M&rft.aulast=Wireman&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: National Ground Water Assoc., 601 Dempsey Road, Westerville, OH 43081-8978, USA; URL: www.ngwa.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cytokine Profiling for Chemical Sensitizers: Application of the Ribonuclease Protection Assay and Effect of Dose AN - 18312393; 5352926 AB - Exposure to chemicals in domestic and occupational settings may contribute to increases in asthma and allergy. Airway hypersensitivity (AHS) is T helper-2 (Th2) cell associated, whereas contact hypersensitivity (CHS) is T helper-1 (Th1) cell associated. The distinct cytokine profiles produced by these cells may provide a means of distinguishing respiratory sensitizers from contact sensitizers. In this study, female BALB/c mice were exposed twice on the flanks and three times on the ears using the airway sensitizer trimellitic anhydride (TMA) or the contact sensitizer dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). At various times following exposure, total mRNA was extracted from draining lymph node cells and cytokine mRNA profiles analyzed using a multiprobe ribonuclease protection assay (RPA). The Th2 cytokines IL4, IL10, and IL13 were significantly increased in response to TMA compared to DNCB, with optimal detection occurring 14 days following initial exposure. To determine its effect, dose was varied in flank exposures, ear exposures, or both simultaneously. When dose was varied during flank exposures only, TMA induced higher levels of Th2 cytokines than DNCB at all doses tested. DNCB did not induce Th1 cytokines at any dose tested. Variation of TMA dose during both exposures similarly induced Th2 cytokines. Dose only appeared to be a factor when TMA concentration was varied during the ear exposures alone. Thus, these studies suggest that quantitative differences in Th2 responses between TMA and DNCB may be demonstrated over a wide range of doses and these differences may be detected by RPA following dermal exposure to these sensitizers. [copy ]2002 Elsevier Science (USA). JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Plitnick, L M AU - Loveless, SE AU - Ladics, G S AU - Holsapple, M P AU - Selgrade, MJ AU - Sailstad, D M AU - Smialowicz, R J AD - University of North Carolina, Curriculum in Toxicology, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, plitnick.lisa@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/03/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 15 SP - 145 EP - 154 PB - Academic Press VL - 179 IS - 3 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - mice KW - dinitrochlorobenzene KW - ribonuclease KW - trimellitic anhydride KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Contact dermatitis KW - Skin KW - Sensitization KW - Interleukins KW - Cytokines KW - Respiratory tract KW - X 24155:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18312393?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Cytokine+Profiling+for+Chemical+Sensitizers%3A+Application+of+the+Ribonuclease+Protection+Assay+and+Effect+of+Dose&rft.au=Plitnick%2C+L+M%3BLoveless%2C+SE%3BLadics%2C+G+S%3BHolsapple%2C+M+P%3BSelgrade%2C+MJ%3BSailstad%2C+D+M%3BSmialowicz%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Plitnick&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-03-15&rft.volume=179&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1006%2Ftaap.2002.9370 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Skin; Sensitization; Cytokines; Contact dermatitis; Respiratory tract; Interleukins DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/taap.2002.9370 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rat tail skin temperature monitored noninvasively by radiotelemetry: characterization by examination of vasomotor responses to thermomodulatory agents. AN - 72725680; 12459150 AB - Measurement of tail skin temperature (T(sk)) of the rat can provide important information on mechanisms pertaining to physiology, pharmacology, and toxicology. T(sk) is largely under control of peripheral vascular tone, which is also sensitive to most experimental manipulations such as handling and restraint. Hence, it is extremely difficult to acquire long-term measurements of T(sk) that are free of artifacts from experimental manipulation. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the utility of a radiotelemetric probe to provide continuous, long-term measurements of T(sk) in undisturbed rats. A telemetry probe is placed on the base of the tail and secured with a protective guard to prevent the rat from chewing on the probe. T(sk) is continuously monitored with standard radiotelemetric software and computer technology. Core temperature (T(c)) is monitored in duplicate sets of rats at the same time but the current system does not allow for simultaneous measurement of T(sk) and T(c) from the same animal. Rats were subjected to a variety of experimental manipulations to demonstrate the utility of the probe. A marked increase in T(sk) was seen during the transition from light to dark phase, reflecting an increase in heat loss to lower T(c); a decrease in T(sk) during the development of endotoxin-induced fever, reflecting a reduction in heat loss to facilitate an elevation in T(c); an increase in T(sk) following exposure to the organophosphate insecticide chlorpyrifos, reflecting an increase in heat loss to facilitate a hypothermia response; and a direct effect of increasing ambient temperature on T(sk). The probe is relatively inexpensive and is used with no surgery and provides long-term measurement (e.g., >24 h) of T(sk) in unrestrained rats. JF - Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods AU - Gordon, Christopher J AU - Puckett, Earl AU - Padnos, Beth AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. gordon.christopher@epa.gov PY - 2002 SP - 107 EP - 114 VL - 47 IS - 2 SN - 1056-8719, 1056-8719 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Lipopolysaccharides KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - JCS58I644W KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Environment KW - Animals KW - Skin -- drug effects KW - Lipopolysaccharides -- pharmacology KW - Chlorpyrifos -- pharmacology KW - Time Factors KW - Skin -- blood supply KW - Insecticides -- pharmacology KW - Tail -- physiology KW - Tail -- drug effects KW - Skin Physiological Phenomena KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Telemetry -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72725680?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+pharmacological+and+toxicological+methods&rft.atitle=Rat+tail+skin+temperature+monitored+noninvasively+by+radiotelemetry%3A+characterization+by+examination+of+vasomotor+responses+to+thermomodulatory+agents.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+Christopher+J%3BPuckett%2C+Earl%3BPadnos%2C+Beth&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+pharmacological+and+toxicological+methods&rft.issn=10568719&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-06-19 N1 - Date created - 2002-12-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - AI and SAR approaches for predicting chemical carcinogenicity: survey and status report. AN - 71838595; 12074379 AB - A wide variety of artificial intelligence (AI) and structure-activity relationship (SAR) approaches have been applied to tackling the general problem of predicting rodent chemical carcinogenicity. Given the diversity of chemical structures and mechanisms relative to this endpoint, the shared challenge of these approaches is to accurately delineate classes of active chemicals representing distinct biological and chemical mechanism domains, and within those classes determine the structural features and properties responsible for modulating activity. In the following discussion, we present a survey of AI and SAR approaches that have been applied to the prediction of rodent carcinogenicity, and discuss these in general terms and in the context of the results of two organized prediction exercises (PTE-1 and PTE-2) sponsored by the US National Cancer Institute/National Toxicology Program. Most models participating in these exercises were successful in identifying major structural-alerting classes of active carcinogens, but failed in modeling the more subtle modifiers to activity within those classes. In addition, methods that incorporated mechanism-based reasoning or biological data along with structural information outperformed models limited to structural information exclusively. Finally, a few recent carcinogenicity-modeling efforts are presented illustrating progress in tackling some aspects of the carcinogenicity prediction problem. The first example, a QSAR model for predicting carcinogenic potency of aromatic amines, illustrates that success is possible within well-represented classes of carcinogens. From the second example, a newly developed FDA/OTR MultiCASE model for predicting the carcinogenicity of pharmaceuticals, we conclude that the definitions of biological activity and nature of chemicals in the training set are important determinants of the predictive success and specificity/sensitivity characteristics of a derived model. JF - SAR and QSAR in environmental research AU - Richardt, A M AU - Benigni, R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratories, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. richard.ann@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 1 EP - 19 VL - 13 IS - 1 SN - 1062-936X, 1062-936X KW - Xenobiotics KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Endpoint Determination KW - Mice KW - Forecasting KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Xenobiotics -- adverse effects KW - Models, Chemical KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71838595?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.atitle=AI+and+SAR+approaches+for+predicting+chemical+carcinogenicity%3A+survey+and+status+report.&rft.au=Richardt%2C+A+M%3BBenigni%2C+R&rft.aulast=Richardt&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.issn=1062936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-10-16 N1 - Date created - 2002-06-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactivity profiles of ligands of mammalian retinoic acid receptors: a preliminary COREPA analysis. AN - 71837321; 12071662 AB - Retinoic acid and associated derivatives comprise a class of endogenous hormones that bind to and activate different families of retinoic acid receptors (RARs, RXRs), and control many aspects of vertebrate development. Identification of potential RAR and RXR ligands is of interest both from a pharmaceutical and toxicological perspective. The recently developed COREPA (COmmon REactivity PAttern) algorithm was used to establish reactivity profiles for a limited data set of retinoid receptor ligands in terms of activation of three RARs (alpha, beta, gamma) and an RXR (alpha). Conformational analysis of a training set of retinoids and related analogues in terms of thermodynamic stability of conformers and rotational barriers showed that these chemicals tend to be quite flexible. This flexibility, and the observation that relatively small energy differences between conformers can result in significant variations in electronic structure, highlighted the necessity of considering all energetically reasonable conformers in defining common reactivity profiles. The derived reactivity patterns for three different subclasses of the RAR (alpha, beta, gamma) were similar in terms of their global electrophilicity (nucleophilicity) and steric parameters. However, the profile of active chemicals with respect to interaction with the RXR-alpha differed qualitatively from that of the RARs. Variations in reactivity profiles for the RAR versus RXR families would be consistent with established differences in their affinity for endogenous retinoids, likely reflecting functional differences in the receptors. JF - SAR and QSAR in environmental research AU - Ankley, G T AU - Mekenyan, O G AU - Kamenska, V B AU - Schmieder, P K AU - Bradbury, S P AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, Duluth, MN 55804, USA. ankley.gerald@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 365 EP - 377 VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 1062-936X, 1062-936X KW - Ligands KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Retinoic Acid KW - Tretinoin KW - 5688UTC01R KW - Index Medicus KW - Tretinoin -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Mammals KW - Forecasting KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Receptors, Retinoic Acid -- physiology KW - Algorithms KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71837321?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.atitle=Reactivity+profiles+of+ligands+of+mammalian+retinoic+acid+receptors%3A+a+preliminary+COREPA+analysis.&rft.au=Ankley%2C+G+T%3BMekenyan%2C+O+G%3BKamenska%2C+V+B%3BSchmieder%2C+P+K%3BBradbury%2C+S+P&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=365&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.issn=1062936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-09-10 N1 - Date created - 2002-06-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Attenuation of methyl tert-butyl ether in water using sunlight and a photocatalyst. AN - 71777266; 12043968 AB - The use of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) as a gasoline additive has resulted in increasing pollution of groundwater. Most of the conventional treatment technologies are inefficient or costly when the initial concentration of MTBE is low (< 200 microg/L). To find an ecology friendly and inexpensive method for MTBE remediation, we used solar radiation with titanium dioxide (TiO2) as a photocatalyst. For synthetic samples, almost complete degradation (99+%) of MTBE was observed at the end of 5-hour test run with 0.05 g/L of slurry TiO2. Intermediate products detected were tertiary butyl formate, tertiary butyl alcohol, and trace amounts of acetone. Studies conducted using contaminated groundwater samples with TiO2 and sunlight showed that aromatic organic species benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) were degraded up to a factor of 10 times faster than MTBE. However, dissolved metals (Fe2+) and chloride ions in contaminated waters decreased the photo-activity of TiO2 for the degradation of MTBE. Reducing the pH of the groundwater samples increased the MTBE degradation rate threefold. Photocatalysis accelerates the solar degradation of MTBE and reduces its half-life by more than 3 orders of magnitude. The study indicated that solar degradation is a low-cost and effective alternative to attenuate MTBE in drinking water supplies. JF - Water environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation AU - Sahle-Demessie, E AU - Enriquez, J AU - Gupta, G AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio 45269, USA. Sahle-Demessie.Endalkachew@epa.gov PY - 2002 SP - 122 EP - 130 VL - 74 IS - 2 SN - 1061-4303, 1061-4303 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Coloring Agents KW - Methyl Ethers KW - titanium dioxide KW - 15FIX9V2JP KW - methyl tert-butyl ether KW - 29I4YB3S89 KW - Titanium KW - D1JT611TNE KW - Index Medicus KW - Photochemistry KW - Titanium -- chemistry KW - Half-Life KW - Sunlight KW - Coloring Agents -- chemistry KW - Water Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Catalysis KW - Carcinogens -- chemistry KW - Water Purification -- methods KW - Methyl Ethers -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71777266?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+environment+research+%3A+a+research+publication+of+the+Water+Environment+Federation&rft.atitle=Attenuation+of+methyl+tert-butyl+ether+in+water+using+sunlight+and+a+photocatalyst.&rft.au=Sahle-Demessie%2C+E%3BEnriquez%2C+J%3BGupta%2C+G&rft.aulast=Sahle-Demessie&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=122&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+environment+research+%3A+a+research+publication+of+the+Water+Environment+Federation&rft.issn=10614303&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-11-19 N1 - Date created - 2002-06-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Overview of the use of the U.S. EPA exposure factors handbook. AN - 71699319; 12018010 AB - Risk assessments are important components of the decision making process. At hazardous waste sites, they are used as tools to determine appropriate cleanup levels. Therefore, it is critical that the best up-to-date methods, models, and exposure data are available to the exposure and risk assessor to realistically estimate the potential for human and ecological exposures to environmental contaminants. The EPA Exposure Factors Handbook published in 1997 is a tool available to exposure assessors which summarizes statistical data on exposure factors necessary to conduct human health exposure assessments. Since it was first published by EPA in 1989, the handbook has been the primary source of data for human exposure assessments. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the handbook, its impact, applications, discussion about data gaps, and future directions. JF - International journal of hygiene and environmental health AU - Moya, Jacqueline AU - Phillips, Linda AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (8623D), 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., Washington, DC 20460, USA. moya.jacqueline@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 155 EP - 159 VL - 205 IS - 1-2 SN - 1438-4639, 1438-4639 KW - Hazardous Waste KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Food Contamination KW - Diet KW - Decision Making KW - Risk Assessment KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Environmental Health KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Guidelines as Topic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71699319?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+hygiene+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Overview+of+the+use+of+the+U.S.+EPA+exposure+factors+handbook.&rft.au=Moya%2C+Jacqueline%3BPhillips%2C+Linda&rft.aulast=Moya&rft.aufirst=Jacqueline&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=205&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+hygiene+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=14384639&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-11-05 N1 - Date created - 2002-05-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical mixtures and health effects at Superfund sites. AN - 71698921; 12018009 AB - Between 1991 and 1993, EPA's Office of Research and Development conducted a small health effects research program dedicated to the problem of chemical mixtures at Superfund sites. This paper summarizes key findings from the program. The studies covered a wide range of endpoints, several chemical classes, and mixture complexities ranging from two to five chemicals. Additivity and antagonism were far more common than synergy. Departures from additivity seemed to be on the order of a factor of two or less, an observation that may provide some bounds for concern. JF - International journal of hygiene and environmental health AU - Dyer, Robert S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, NHEERL, MD-87, NC 27711, USA. dyer.robert@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 149 EP - 153 VL - 205 IS - 1-2 SN - 1438-4639, 1438-4639 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Hazardous Waste KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Drug Interactions KW - Environmental Health KW - Humans KW - Risk Assessment KW - Research Support as Topic KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Hazardous Substances -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71698921?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+hygiene+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Chemical+mixtures+and+health+effects+at+Superfund+sites.&rft.au=Dyer%2C+Robert+S&rft.aulast=Dyer&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=205&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+hygiene+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=14384639&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-11-05 N1 - Date created - 2002-05-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Future directions for EPA Superfund research. AN - 71691908; 12018011 AB - The EPA Office of Research and Development (ORD) identifies and prioritizes future research areas through a Waste Research Coordination Team. The team works together to plan the ORD Superfund research program, and it has members from each of the ORD laboratories as well as representatives from the Superfund office. Superfund scientists have identified several research topics in applied research areas to improve risk assessment methods and reduce uncertainty in site-specific risk assessments. Research areas include: dermal exposure models and toxicity values, improved methods for exposure factors, pharmaco-kinetic dose-response models, bioavailability and statistical methods. This paper presents ORD future research plans in response to these identified research areas. JF - International journal of hygiene and environmental health AU - Wentsel, Randall S AU - Blaney, Ben AU - Kowalski, Lorelei AU - Bennett, David A AU - Grevatt, Peter AU - Frey, Sharon AD - Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, MC8104R, Washington, DC 20460, USA. wentsel.randy@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 161 EP - 163 VL - 205 IS - 1-2 SN - 1438-4639, 1438-4639 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Forecasting KW - Research -- trends KW - Risk Assessment KW - Biological Availability KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Hazardous Substances -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Health KW - Hazardous Substances -- pharmacokinetics KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Models, Statistical KW - Research Support as Topic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71691908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+hygiene+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Future+directions+for+EPA+Superfund+research.&rft.au=Wentsel%2C+Randall+S%3BBlaney%2C+Ben%3BKowalski%2C+Lorelei%3BBennett%2C+David+A%3BGrevatt%2C+Peter%3BFrey%2C+Sharon&rft.aulast=Wentsel&rft.aufirst=Randall&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=205&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+hygiene+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=14384639&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-11-05 N1 - Date created - 2002-05-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Overview of EPA Superfund human health research program. AN - 71688902; 12018008 AB - This paper presents major research needs for the Superfund program, and provides an overview of the EPA Office of Research and Development's (ORDs) current human health research program designed to fill some of those data gaps. Research is presented in terms of the risk paradigm and covers exposure, effects, and assessment activities directly funded by Superfund, as well as research not funded by Superfund but directly applicable to Superfund research needs. Research on risk management is not covered. Current research activities conducted by the Superfund program office are also included to provide a full picture of Superfund human health research activities being conducted by EPA. JF - International journal of hygiene and environmental health AU - Kowalski, Lorelei AU - Denne, Jane AU - Dyer, Robert AU - Garrahan, Kevin AU - Wentsel, Randall S AD - US EPA, Office of Research and Development, MC8104R, Washington, DC 20460, USA. kowalski.lorelei@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 143 EP - 148 VL - 205 IS - 1-2 SN - 1438-4639, 1438-4639 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Risk Assessment KW - Research Support as Topic KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Environmental Health KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Research -- trends KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71688902?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+hygiene+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Overview+of+EPA+Superfund+human+health+research+program.&rft.au=Kowalski%2C+Lorelei%3BDenne%2C+Jane%3BDyer%2C+Robert%3BGarrahan%2C+Kevin%3BWentsel%2C+Randall+S&rft.aulast=Kowalski&rft.aufirst=Lorelei&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=205&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+hygiene+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=14384639&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-11-05 N1 - Date created - 2002-05-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dibenzo-p-dioxins in the environment from ceramics and pottery produced from ball clay mined in the United States. AN - 71669930; 12002454 AB - Processed ball clay samples used in the production of ceramics and samples of the ceramic products were collected and analyzed for the presence and concentration of the 2,3,7,8-Cl substituted polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and -furans (PCDDs/PCDFs). The processed ball clay had average PCDD concentrations of 3.2 ng/g toxic equivalents, a congener profile, and isomer distribution consistent with those found previously in raw ball clay. The PCDF concentrations were below the average limit of detection (LOD) of 0.5 pg/g. The final fired ceramic products were found to be free of PCDDs/PCDFs at the LODs. A consideration of the conditions involved in the firing process suggests that the PCDDs, if not destroyed, may be released to the atmosphere and could represent an as yet unidentified source of dioxins to the environment. In addition, the PCDDs in clay dust generated during manufacturing operations may represent a potential occupational exposure. JF - Chemosphere AU - Ferrario, Joseph AU - Byrne, Christian AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides, and Toxic Substances, Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Stennis Space Center, Mississippi 39529, USA. ferrario.joseph@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 1297 EP - 1301 VL - 46 IS - 9-10 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Aluminum Silicates KW - 0 KW - Benzofurans KW - Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Soil Pollutants KW - clay KW - 1302-87-0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Incineration KW - Mining KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analogs & derivatives KW - Ceramics KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analysis KW - Aluminum Silicates -- chemistry KW - Benzofurans -- analysis KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71669930?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Dibenzo-p-dioxins+in+the+environment+from+ceramics+and+pottery+produced+from+ball+clay+mined+in+the+United+States.&rft.au=Ferrario%2C+Joseph%3BByrne%2C+Christian&rft.aulast=Ferrario&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=9-10&rft.spage=1297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-11-04 N1 - Date created - 2002-05-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ stabilization of soil lead using phosphorus and manganese oxide: influence of plant growth. AN - 71571021; 11931448 AB - In situ stabilization of Pb contaminated soils can be accomplished by adding P and Mn(IV) oxide. However, the long-term efficacy of in situ stabilization under continual P removal through plant growth is unknown. Moreover, the effects these treatments have on phytoavailability of other metals (Cd and Zn) commonly associated with Pb in soil are not well understood. Greenhouse experiments using sudax [Sorghum vulgare (L.) Moench] and Swiss chard [Beta vulgaris (L.) Koch] were carried out to evaluate the effects of plant growth on soil Pb bioavailability to humans after addition of P and other amendments, and the effects of these treatments on Pb, Cd, and Zn phytoavailability in three metal-contaminated soils. Eight treatments were used: zero P; 2500 mg of P as triple superphosphate (TSP); 5000 mg of P as TSP or phosphate rock (PR); 5000 mg of Mn oxide/kg; and combinations of Mn oxide and P as TSP or PR. The addition of P and/or Mn oxide significantly reduced bioavailable Pb, as measured by the physiologically based extraction test (PBET), in soils compared with the control even after extensive cropping. The PBET data also suggested that removal of P from soluble P sources by plants could negate the beneficial effects of P on bioavailable Pb, unless sufficient soluble P was added or soluble P was combined with Mn oxide. In general, Ph, Cd, and Zn concentrations in shoot tissues of sudax and Swiss chard were reduced significantly by TSP and did not change with the addition of PR. The combination of PR and Mn oxide significantly reduced Pb concentrations in plants compared with the control. JF - Journal of environmental quality AU - Hettiarachchi, Ganga M AU - Pierzynski, Gary M AD - Department of Agronomy, Throckmorton Plant Sciences Center, Kansas State Univ., Manhattan 66506-5501, USA. hettiarachchi.ganga@epa.gov PY - 2002 SP - 564 EP - 572 VL - 31 IS - 2 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Manganese Compounds KW - 0 KW - Oxides KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Phosphorus KW - 27YLU75U4W KW - Lead KW - 2P299V784P KW - manganese oxide KW - 64J2OA7MH3 KW - Index Medicus KW - Beta vulgaris -- growth & development KW - Poaceae -- growth & development KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Biological Availability KW - Phosphorus -- chemistry KW - Manganese Compounds -- chemistry KW - Lead -- chemistry KW - Soil Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics KW - Lead -- pharmacokinetics KW - Oxides -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71571021?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.atitle=In+situ+stabilization+of+soil+lead+using+phosphorus+and+manganese+oxide%3A+influence+of+plant+growth.&rft.au=Hettiarachchi%2C+Ganga+M%3BPierzynski%2C+Gary+M&rft.aulast=Hettiarachchi&rft.aufirst=Ganga&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=564&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-09-10 N1 - Date created - 2002-04-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pulmonary gene expression profiles of spontaneously hypertensive rats exposed to environmental tobacco smoke. AN - 71512943; 11893708 JF - Chest AU - Nadadur, Srikanth S AU - Pinkerton, Kent E AU - Kodavanti, Urmila P AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. nadadur.srikanth@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 83S EP - 84S VL - 121 IS - 3 Suppl SN - 0012-3692, 0012-3692 KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution KW - 0 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Lung Diseases -- etiology KW - Animals KW - Lung Diseases -- genetics KW - Rats, Inbred SHR KW - Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis KW - Genetic Predisposition to Disease KW - Male KW - Hypertension -- complications KW - Gene Expression Profiling KW - Hypertension -- pathology KW - Hypertension -- genetics KW - Lung -- pathology KW - Lung -- metabolism KW - Hypertension -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71512943?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chest&rft.atitle=Pulmonary+gene+expression+profiles+of+spontaneously+hypertensive+rats+exposed+to+environmental+tobacco+smoke.&rft.au=Nadadur%2C+Srikanth+S%3BPinkerton%2C+Kent+E%3BKodavanti%2C+Urmila+P&rft.aulast=Nadadur&rft.aufirst=Srikanth&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=3+Suppl&rft.spage=83S&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chest&rft.issn=00123692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-04-17 N1 - Date created - 2002-03-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the AgDISP aerial spray algorithms in the AgDRIFT model. AN - 71489991; 11878481 AB - A systematic evaluation of the AgDISP algorithms, which simulate off-site drift and deposition of aerially applied pesticides, contained in the AgDRIFT model was performed by comparing model simulations to field-trial data collected by the Spray Drift Task Force. Field-trial data used for model evaluation included 161 separate trials of typical agriculture aerial applications under a wide range of application and meteorological conditions. Input for model simulations included information on the aircraft and spray equipment, spray material, meteorology, and site geometry. The model input datasets were generated independently of the field deposition results, i.e., model inputs were in no way altered or selected to improve the fit of model output to field results. AgDRIFT shows a response similar to that of the field observations for many application variables (e.g., droplet size, application height, wind speed). However, AgDRIFT is sensitive to evaporative effects, and modeled deposition in the far-field responds to wet bulb depression whereas the field observations did not. The model tended to overpredict deposition rates relative to the field data for far-field distances, particularly under evaporative conditions. AgDRIFT was in good agreement with field results for estimating near-field buffer zones needed to manage human, crop, livestock, and ecological exposure. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Bird, Sandra L AU - Perry, Stèven G AU - Ray, Scott L AU - Teske, Milton E AD - Ecosystems Research Division, National Exposure Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA. bird.sandra@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 672 EP - 681 VL - 21 IS - 3 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals, Domestic KW - Animals KW - Public Health KW - Meteorological Concepts KW - Humans KW - Databases, Factual KW - Forecasting KW - Air Movements KW - Pesticides -- analysis KW - Algorithms KW - Agriculture -- statistics & numerical data KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71489991?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+AgDISP+aerial+spray+algorithms+in+the+AgDRIFT+model.&rft.au=Bird%2C+Sandra+L%3BPerry%2C+St%C3%A8ven+G%3BRay%2C+Scott+L%3BTeske%2C+Milton+E&rft.aulast=Bird&rft.aufirst=Sandra&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=672&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-20 N1 - Date created - 2002-03-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The influence of redox potential on the degradation of halogenated methanes. AN - 71489947; 11878461 AB - To determine the influence of redox potential on the reaction mechanism and to quantify kinetics of the dechlorination by digester sludge, the test compounds trichlorofluoromethane (CFCl3), carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), and chloroform (CHCl3) were incubated in the presence of sludge and variable concentrations of reducing agent. Different sources of dehalogenation were examined, including live sludge and heat-killed sludge, and abiotic mechanisms were quantified in the absence of sludge. Batch incubations were done under redox conditions ranging from +/-534 to -348 mV. The highest rates for the dehalogenation of the three compounds were observed at -348 mV. The dechlorination rate of all the compounds by the heat-resistant catalysts was approximately twofold higher than the live treatments. It was proposed that the higher degradation rates by heat-killed sludge were due to the absence of physical barriers such as cell wall and cell membranes. There was no abiotic dechlorination of CFCl3, whereas CCl4 and CHCl3 were both reduced in the absence of sludge catalyst by Ti (III) citrate at > or =2.5 mM. The degradation pathways of CFCl3 and CHCl3 appeared to be only partially reductive since the production of reduced metabolites was low in comparison with the total amount of original halogenated compounds degraded. For CFCl3, the partial reductive degradation implied that different intra- and extracellular pathways were concurrent. The Gibbs free energy and the redox potential for the dehalogenation reactions utilizing Ti (III) citrate and acetate as electron donors are reported here for the first time. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Olivas, Yolanda AU - Dolfing, Jan AU - Smith, Geoffrey B AD - Biology Department, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces 88003, USA. olivas.yolanda@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 493 EP - 499 VL - 21 IS - 3 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Chlorofluorocarbons, Methane KW - 0 KW - Halogens KW - Solvents KW - Chloroform KW - 7V31YC746X KW - trichlorofluoromethane KW - 990TYB331R KW - Carbon Tetrachloride KW - CL2T97X0V0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Kinetics KW - Temperature KW - Halogens -- chemistry KW - Chlorofluorocarbons, Methane -- chemistry KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- chemistry KW - Solvents -- chemistry KW - Chloroform -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71489947?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=The+influence+of+redox+potential+on+the+degradation+of+halogenated+methanes.&rft.au=Olivas%2C+Yolanda%3BDolfing%2C+Jan%3BSmith%2C+Geoffrey+B&rft.aulast=Olivas&rft.aufirst=Yolanda&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=493&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-20 N1 - Date created - 2002-03-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using mussel isotope ratios to assess anthropogenic nitrogen inputs to freshwater ecosystems. AN - 71489372; 11878641 AB - Stable nitrogen isotope ratios (delta15N) of freshwater mussels from a series of lakes and ponds were related to watershed land use characteristics to assess their utility in determining the source of nitrogen inputs to inland water bodies. Nitrogen isotope ratios measured in freshwater mussels from 19 lakes and ponds in Rhode Island, U.S.A., ranged from 4.9-12.6 per thousand and were found to significantly correlate with the fraction of residential development in 100 and 200 m buffer zones around the ponds. Mussel delta15N values in 12 of the 19 ponds also showed significant correlation with average dissolved nitrate concentrations, which ranged from 23-327 microg L(-1). These observations, in light of previous studies which link elevated delta15N values of nitrogen derived from septic wastewater with those seen in biota, suggest that mussel isotope ratios may reflect nitrogen source in freshwater ecosystems. We followed an iterative approach using multiple regression analysis to assess the relationship between mussel delta15N and the land use categories fraction residential development, fraction feedlot agriculture, fraction row-crop agriculture, and fraction natural vegetation in 100 and 200 m buffer zones and pond watersheds. From this we developed a simple regression model to predict mussel delta15N from the fraction of residential development in the 200 m buffer zone around the pond. Subsequent testing with data from 16 additional sites in the same ecoregion led us to refine the model by incorporating the fraction of natural vegetation. The overall average absolute difference between measured and predicted delta15N values using the two-parameter model was 1.6 per thousand. Potential sources of error in the model include differences in the scale and categorization of land-use data used to generate and test the model, differences in physical characteristics, such as retention time and range of residential development, and exclusion of sources of enriched nitrogen such as runoff from feedlot operations or increased nitrogen loading from inefficient or failed septic systems. JF - Environmental monitoring and assessment AU - McKinney, R A AU - Lake, J L AU - Charpentier, M A AU - Ryba, S AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Atlantic Ecology Division, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA. mckinney.rick@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 167 EP - 192 VL - 74 IS - 2 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Fertilizers KW - 0 KW - Nitrogen Isotopes KW - Water Pollutants KW - Nitrogen KW - N762921K75 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Agriculture KW - Animals KW - Nitrogen Isotopes -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants -- analysis KW - Bivalvia -- physiology KW - Eutrophication KW - Nitrogen -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71489372?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.atitle=Using+mussel+isotope+ratios+to+assess+anthropogenic+nitrogen+inputs+to+freshwater+ecosystems.&rft.au=McKinney%2C+R+A%3BLake%2C+J+L%3BCharpentier%2C+M+A%3BRyba%2C+S&rft.aulast=McKinney&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-20 N1 - Date created - 2002-03-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a molecular method to identify hepatitis E virus in water. AN - 71455613; 11849696 AB - Hepatitis E virus (HEV) causes an infectious form of hepatitis associated with contaminated water. By analyzing the sequence of several HEV isolates, a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction method was developed and optimized that should be able to identify all of the known HEV strains. When tested under laboratory conditions, this method was able to detect low levels of five diverse HEV variants. In addition, internal controls were constructed so that any PCR inhibition could be detected. Finally, virus-spiked environmental water samples were analyzed successfully with these assays. JF - Journal of virological methods AU - Grimm, Ann C AU - Fout, G S AD - Biohazard Assessment Research Branch, National Exposure Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, 26 W. Martin Luther King Jr. Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. grimm.ann@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 175 EP - 188 VL - 101 IS - 1-2 SN - 0166-0934, 0166-0934 KW - RNA, Viral KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Phylogeny KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Genetic Variation KW - Mexico KW - Humans KW - Feces -- virology KW - Africa KW - Asia KW - Cluster Analysis KW - Hepatitis E virus -- isolation & purification KW - Hepatitis E virus -- genetics KW - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Water Microbiology KW - RNA, Viral -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71455613?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+virological+methods&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+molecular+method+to+identify+hepatitis+E+virus+in+water.&rft.au=Grimm%2C+Ann+C%3BFout%2C+G+S&rft.aulast=Grimm&rft.aufirst=Ann&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+virological+methods&rft.issn=01660934&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-05-17 N1 - Date created - 2002-02-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rhizolith evidence in support of a late Holocene sea-level highstand at least 0.5 m higher than present at Key Biscayne, Florida AN - 52136956; 2002-020873 AB - R. Fairbridge and F. Shepard proposed different sea-level curves for the late Holocene. South Florida, as a tectonically stable platform, provides a key locale from which late Quaternary sea-level measurements have been attempted. Previous studies supporting Holocene sea-level curves have focused on mangrove peat deposits, barrier ridges, and archaeological sites. However, in situ biological indicators provide the best evidence in support of varying sea-level positions during the late Holocene. The northeastern side of Key Biscayne, Florida, has two areas of rock reef where rhizoliths (i.e., fossilized root casts) are exposed within the intertidal zone. They have previously been interpreted as the fossilized roots of a former black mangrove (Avicennia germinans) forest. However, the morphology, size, orientation, and areal extent of the rhizoliths is best understood if they are interpreted as the former root casts of turtle grass (Thalassia testudinum). This interpretation would constitute in situ biological evidence of a late Holocene sea-level position at least 0.5 m higher than at present. Previously published (super 14) C dating of the calcareous paste inside the rhizoliths suggests that they formed 1-2 k.y. before present. This corresponds to a higher than present sea-level highstand supported by independent evidence from other areas in south Florida. JF - Geology (Boulder) AU - Froede, Carl R, Jr Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 203 EP - 206 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 30 IS - 3 SN - 0091-7613, 0091-7613 KW - United States KW - shore features KW - Plantae KW - Quaternary KW - mangrove swamps KW - Dade County Florida KW - rhizoliths KW - Holocene KW - Florida KW - Cenozoic KW - sea-level changes KW - mires KW - Miami-Dade County Florida KW - Key Biscayne KW - Thalassia KW - swamps KW - Thalassia testudinum KW - upper Holocene KW - sedimentary structures KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52136956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.atitle=Rhizolith+evidence+in+support+of+a+late+Holocene+sea-level+highstand+at+least+0.5+m+higher+than+present+at+Key+Biscayne%2C+Florida&rft.au=Froede%2C+Carl+R%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Froede&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.issn=00917613&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.gsajournals.org/gsaonline/?request=get-abstract&issn=0091-7613&volume=030&issue=03&page=0203 http://www.gsajournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GLGYBA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Coastal Plain; Cenozoic; Dade County Florida; Florida; Holocene; Key Biscayne; mangrove swamps; Miami-Dade County Florida; mires; Plantae; Quaternary; rhizoliths; sea-level changes; sedimentary structures; shore features; swamps; Thalassia; Thalassia testudinum; United States; upper Holocene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Screening model for volatile pollutants in dual porosity soils AN - 52126135; 2002-020805 AB - This paper develops mass fraction models for transport and fate of agricultural pollutants in structured two-region soils. Mass fraction index models, based on a semi-infinite domain solution, are derived that describe leaching at depth, vapor losses through soil surface, absorption, and degradation in the dynamic- and stagnant-water soil regions. The models predict that leaching is the result of the combined effect of the upward vapor-phase transport relative to downward advection, residence time relative to half-life, dispersion, and lateral diffusive mass transfer. Simulations show that leached fraction of volatile compounds does not always decrease monotonically with increased residence time relative to the pollutant half-life, as a result of complex interactions among the different physical and biochemical processes. The results show that leaching, volatilization, and degradation losses can be affected significantly by lateral diffusive mass transfer into immobile-water regions and advection relative to dispersion (i.e. Peclet number) in the mobile-water regions. It is shown that solute diffusion into the immobile phase and subsequent biochemical decay reduces leaching and vapor losses through soil surface. Potential use of the modified leaching index for the screening of selected pesticides is illustrated for different soil textures and infiltration rates. The analysis may be useful to the management of pesticides and the design of landfills. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Hantush, Mohamed M AU - Govindaraju, Rao S AU - Marino, Miguel A AU - Zhang, Zhonglong Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 58 EP - 74 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 260 IS - 1-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - solute transport KW - landfills KW - unsaturated zone KW - theoretical studies KW - mass transfer KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - diffusion KW - chemical dispersion KW - textures KW - steady flow KW - pollutants KW - physicochemical properties KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - adsorption KW - advection KW - porosity KW - volatiles KW - loam KW - infiltration KW - waste disposal KW - pesticides KW - leaching KW - 25:Soils KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52126135?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Screening+model+for+volatile+pollutants+in+dual+porosity+soils&rft.au=Tsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BBenson%2C+Sally+M%3BKobelski%2C+Bruce%3BSmith%2C+Robert+E%3BShestakov%2C+Vsevolod+M&rft.aulast=Tsang&rft.aufirst=Chin-Fu&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; advection; chemical dispersion; diffusion; hydrology; infiltration; landfills; leaching; loam; mass transfer; mathematical models; pesticides; physicochemical properties; pollutants; pollution; porosity; soils; solute transport; steady flow; textures; theoretical studies; unsaturated zone; volatiles; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The occurrence of septarian and non-septarian concretions in the Upper Cretaceous Blufftown Formation, southwestern Georgia, U.S.A., and their relationship to synsedimentary seismicity AN - 51991060; 2003-037298 AB - Septarian and non-septarian concretions have been found in the upper portion of the Blufftown Formation at several locations along a section of Hannahatchee Creek, in Stewart County, Georgia. These diagenetic features likely originated under shallow burial conditions before the surrounding sediment was compacted. Their general north-south outcrop orientation within the east to west flowing creek suggests they formed due to channelized diagenetic fluid flow. The origin of the forces necessary to create the cracks and brecciation inside the septarian concretions remains unresolved. However, the septaria in this study exhibit features consistent with seismically-induced crack development in keeping with a recently proposed mechanism. The Chattahoochee River Valley has experienced seismic events throughout its history. This area has likely experienced one or more seismic events during the late Cretaceous which has resulted in the formation and development of septarian concretions. JF - Southeastern Geology AU - Froede, Carl R, Jr AU - Howard, Ralph O, Jr Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 63 EP - 73 PB - Duke University, Department of Geology, Durham, NC VL - 41 IS - 1 SN - 0038-3678, 0038-3678 KW - United States KW - secondary structures KW - paleoseismicity KW - southwestern Georgia KW - Cretaceous KW - septaria KW - synsedimentary processes KW - Upper Cretaceous KW - Mesozoic KW - Blufftown Formation KW - concretions KW - sedimentary rocks KW - cracks KW - Chattahoochee River valley KW - Stewart County Georgia KW - occurrence KW - Georgia KW - sedimentary structures KW - clastic rocks KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51991060?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Southeastern+Geology&rft.atitle=The+occurrence+of+septarian+and+non-septarian+concretions+in+the+Upper+Cretaceous+Blufftown+Formation%2C+southwestern+Georgia%2C+U.S.A.%2C+and+their+relationship+to+synsedimentary+seismicity&rft.au=Froede%2C+Carl+R%2C+Jr%3BHoward%2C+Ralph+O%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Froede&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Southeastern+Geology&rft.issn=00383678&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 69 N1 - PubXState - NC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SOGEAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Blufftown Formation; Chattahoochee River valley; clastic rocks; concretions; cracks; Cretaceous; Georgia; Mesozoic; occurrence; paleoseismicity; secondary structures; sedimentary rocks; sedimentary structures; septaria; southwestern Georgia; Stewart County Georgia; synsedimentary processes; United States; Upper Cretaceous ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of total mercury in fish tissues using combustion atomic absorption spectrometry with gold amalgamation AN - 51942627; 2003-068212 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Cizdziel, James V AU - Hinners, Thomas A AU - Heithmar, Edward M Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 355 EP - 370 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 135 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - detection limit KW - mass spectra KW - techniques KW - calibration KW - bioaccumulation KW - Pisces KW - laboratory studies KW - sampling KW - ecology KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - mercury KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - experimental studies KW - Chordata KW - monitoring KW - pollution KW - atomic absorption spectra KW - biota KW - metals KW - quality control KW - risk assessment KW - Vertebrata KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51942627?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Determination+of+total+mercury+in+fish+tissues+using+combustion+atomic+absorption+spectrometry+with+gold+amalgamation&rft.au=Cizdziel%2C+James+V%3BHinners%2C+Thomas+A%3BHeithmar%2C+Edward+M&rft.aulast=Cizdziel&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=135&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=355&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atomic absorption spectra; bioaccumulation; biota; calibration; chemical composition; Chordata; concentration; detection limit; ecology; experimental studies; laboratory studies; mass spectra; mercury; metals; monitoring; Pisces; pollution; quality control; risk assessment; sampling; spectra; techniques; toxic materials; Vertebrata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pollution monitoring in two North American estuaries; historical reconstructions using benthic Foraminifera AN - 51805872; 2004-070010 AB - Results of both surface and core studies from two highly impacted estuaries (New Bedford Harbor, Massachusetts, USA, and Halifax Harbour, Nova Scotia, Canada) are presented. New Bedford Harbor is in a highly industrialized area that has undergone severe degradation from a variety of sources for almost 400 years and has been declared an EPA Superfund site. Halifax Harbour has been subjected mostly to domestic, rather than industrial, pollution since the founding of the city in 1749. Although many geochemical studies have been done in both estuaries, there are little baseline data on the biota. In this paper we use benthic foraminiferal assemblages retrieved from sediment cores to reconstruct the biotic changes of the recent past. It is then possible to correlate faunal changes with already known geochemical changes. There are differences between these two sites both because New Bedford Harbor is shallower than Halifax Harbour and because of the different types of pollution. The character of the pollution has changed in New Bedford Harbor as remediation efforts are taking hold. This change can also be detected with the foraminifera. One interesting outcome is that deformities among one species of foraminifera, Haynesina orbiculare, appear to occur simultaneously with high PCBs in the sediments. In Halifax Harbour, where the largest impact is due to high organic input from domestic sources, species tolerant of low oxygen conditions are most prominent at present. Core studies show that prior to the rapid growth of Halifax (in the 1960s) the organic input was much lower than at present. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Scott, David B AU - Tobin, Richard AU - Latimer, James AU - Asioli, Alessandra AU - Haury, Verena AU - Williamson, Michelle AU - Medioli, Franco S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 79 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 1 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - methods KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Halifax County Nova Scotia KW - benthic taxa KW - PCBs KW - Halifax Nova Scotia KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - Foraminifera KW - estuaries KW - Bristol County Massachusetts KW - Massachusetts KW - sediments KW - Invertebrata KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Maritime Provinces KW - Superfund sites KW - Protista KW - monitoring KW - human activity KW - pollution KW - organic compounds KW - New Bedford Harbor KW - Canada KW - Nova Scotia KW - industrial waste KW - waste disposal KW - Halifax Harbor KW - Eastern Canada KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51805872?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Pollution+monitoring+in+two+North+American+estuaries%3B+historical+reconstructions+using+benthic+Foraminifera&rft.au=Scott%2C+David+B%3BTobin%2C+Richard%3BLatimer%2C+James%3BAsioli%2C+Alessandra%3BHaury%2C+Verena%3BWilliamson%2C+Michelle%3BMedioli%2C+Franco+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 37th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - benthic taxa; Bristol County Massachusetts; Canada; chlorinated hydrocarbons; Eastern Canada; environmental analysis; estuaries; Foraminifera; Halifax County Nova Scotia; Halifax Harbor; Halifax Nova Scotia; halogenated hydrocarbons; human activity; industrial waste; Invertebrata; Maritime Provinces; Massachusetts; methods; monitoring; New Bedford Harbor; Nova Scotia; organic compounds; PCBs; pollution; Protista; remediation; sediments; Superfund sites; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Terrestrial vegetation greenness of the Lower Galveston Bay watershed from satellite remote sensing and its relation to water use and the salinity regime of the Galveston Bay Estuary (USA) AN - 51758535; 2005-013139 JF - International Journal of Remote Sensing AU - Keith, D J AU - Walker, H A AU - Paul, J F Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 905 EP - 916 PB - Taylor & Francis, London VL - 23 IS - 5 SN - 0143-1161, 0143-1161 KW - United States KW - terrestrial environment KW - optical spectra KW - data processing KW - fresh water KW - normalized difference vegetation index KW - vegetation KW - salinity KW - ground water KW - estuaries KW - AVHRR KW - infrared methods KW - drainage basins KW - spectra KW - water use KW - water KW - high-resolution methods KW - monitoring KW - time series analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - shorelines KW - Texas KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - satellite methods KW - aquifers KW - Galveston Bay KW - Gulf Coast Aquifer KW - color KW - remote sensing KW - airborne methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51758535?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Remote+Sensing&rft.atitle=Terrestrial+vegetation+greenness+of+the+Lower+Galveston+Bay+watershed+from+satellite+remote+sensing+and+its+relation+to+water+use+and+the+salinity+regime+of+the+Galveston+Bay+Estuary+%28USA%29&rft.au=Keith%2C+D+J%3BWalker%2C+H+A%3BPaul%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Keith&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=905&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Remote+Sensing&rft.issn=01431161&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F01431160110040486 L2 - http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/01431161.asp LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; aquifers; AVHRR; color; data processing; drainage basins; estuaries; fresh water; Galveston Bay; geophysical methods; ground water; Gulf Coast Aquifer; Gulf Coastal Plain; high-resolution methods; infrared methods; monitoring; normalized difference vegetation index; optical spectra; remote sensing; salinity; satellite methods; shorelines; spectra; statistical analysis; terrestrial environment; Texas; time series analysis; United States; vegetation; water; water use DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431160110040486 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - People, fish or bunnies? Screening for potential environmental concerns at contaminated sites AN - 51716580; 2005-043598 JF - Annual West Coast Conference on Contaminated Soils, Sediments, and Water - Abstracts and Supplemental Information AU - Brewer, Roger D AU - Kostecki, Paul T AU - Calabrese, Edward J AU - Bartell, Brenna Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 PB - Association for Environmental Health and Sciences, Naval Facilities Engineering Command, San Diego, CA VL - 12 KW - soils KW - protection KW - water quality KW - toxic materials KW - pollution KW - chemical waste KW - drinking water KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - habitat KW - detection KW - toxicity KW - shallow aquifers KW - risk assessment KW - ecology KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51716580?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+West+Coast+Conference+on+Contaminated+Soils%2C+Sediments%2C+and+Water+-+Abstracts+and+Supplemental+Information&rft.atitle=People%2C+fish+or+bunnies%3F+Screening+for+potential+environmental+concerns+at+contaminated+sites&rft.au=Brewer%2C+Roger+D%3BKostecki%2C+Paul+T%3BCalabrese%2C+Edward+J%3BBartell%2C+Brenna&rft.aulast=Brewer&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+West+Coast+Conference+on+Contaminated+Soils%2C+Sediments%2C+and+Water+-+Abstracts+and+Supplemental+Information&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Twelfth annual west coast conference on Contaminated soils, sediments, and water N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06120 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; chemical waste; detection; drinking water; ecology; ground water; habitat; pollution; protection; remediation; risk assessment; shallow aquifers; soils; toxic materials; toxicity; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Advective flux potential for PAHs from the sediments of the Anacostia River, Washington, DC AN - 51715096; 2005-043624 JF - Annual West Coast Conference on Contaminated Soils, Sediments, and Water - Abstracts and Supplemental Information AU - Chadwick, D B AU - Katz, C AU - Groves, J AU - Smith, C AU - Paulson, R AU - O'Rourke, D AU - Rundell, Bruce AU - Kostecki, Paul T AU - Calabrese, Edward J AU - Bartell, Brenna Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 PB - Association for Environmental Health and Sciences, Naval Facilities Engineering Command, San Diego, CA VL - 12 KW - United States KW - sediment-water interface KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - seepage KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - Anacostia River basin KW - District of Columbia KW - recharge KW - organic compounds KW - intertidal environment KW - infiltration KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - coastal environment KW - chemical composition KW - fluvial environment KW - pore water KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51715096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+West+Coast+Conference+on+Contaminated+Soils%2C+Sediments%2C+and+Water+-+Abstracts+and+Supplemental+Information&rft.atitle=Advective+flux+potential+for+PAHs+from+the+sediments+of+the+Anacostia+River%2C+Washington%2C+DC&rft.au=Chadwick%2C+D+B%3BKatz%2C+C%3BGroves%2C+J%3BSmith%2C+C%3BPaulson%2C+R%3BO%27Rourke%2C+D%3BRundell%2C+Bruce%3BKostecki%2C+Paul+T%3BCalabrese%2C+Edward+J%3BBartell%2C+Brenna&rft.aulast=Chadwick&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+West+Coast+Conference+on+Contaminated+Soils%2C+Sediments%2C+and+Water+-+Abstracts+and+Supplemental+Information&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Twelfth annual west coast conference on Contaminated soils, sediments, and water N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06120 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anacostia River basin; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; chemical composition; coastal environment; District of Columbia; fluvial environment; ground water; hydrocarbons; infiltration; intertidal environment; organic compounds; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; pore water; recharge; sediment-water interface; seepage; surface water; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of stable isotopic analyses to evaluate the natural biodegradation of MTBE in ground water AN - 51713782; 2005-043585 JF - Annual West Coast Conference on Contaminated Soils, Sediments, and Water - Abstracts and Supplemental Information AU - Kolhatkar, Ravi AU - Wilson, John AU - Kuder, Tomasz AU - Philp, Paul AU - Kostecki, Paul T AU - Calabrese, Edward J AU - Bartell, Brenna Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 PB - Association for Environmental Health and Sciences, Naval Facilities Engineering Command, San Diego, CA VL - 12 KW - United States KW - biodegradation KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - petroleum products KW - stable isotopes KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - ethers KW - organic compounds KW - methyl tert-butyl ether KW - carbon KW - New Jersey KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51713782?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+West+Coast+Conference+on+Contaminated+Soils%2C+Sediments%2C+and+Water+-+Abstracts+and+Supplemental+Information&rft.atitle=Use+of+stable+isotopic+analyses+to+evaluate+the+natural+biodegradation+of+MTBE+in+ground+water&rft.au=Kolhatkar%2C+Ravi%3BWilson%2C+John%3BKuder%2C+Tomasz%3BPhilp%2C+Paul%3BKostecki%2C+Paul+T%3BCalabrese%2C+Edward+J%3BBartell%2C+Brenna&rft.aulast=Kolhatkar&rft.aufirst=Ravi&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+West+Coast+Conference+on+Contaminated+Soils%2C+Sediments%2C+and+Water+-+Abstracts+and+Supplemental+Information&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Twelfth annual west coast conference on Contaminated soils, sediments, and water N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - #06120 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; biodegradation; C-13/C-12; carbon; contaminant plumes; ethers; ground water; isotope ratios; isotopes; methyl tert-butyl ether; microorganisms; New Jersey; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollution; solutes; stable isotopes; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nutrient delivery and bioaugmentation processes using membranes and gel beads for in-situ bioremediation of contaminated sediments AN - 51713685; 2005-043606 JF - Annual West Coast Conference on Contaminated Soils, Sediments, and Water - Abstracts and Supplemental Information AU - Tabak, Henry H AU - Govind, Rakesh AU - Kostecki, Paul T AU - Calabrese, Edward J AU - Bartell, Brenna Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 PB - Association for Environmental Health and Sciences, Naval Facilities Engineering Command, San Diego, CA VL - 12 KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - waste water KW - bioaugmentation KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - nutrients KW - organic compounds KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - depositional environment KW - chemical oxygen demand KW - Eh KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51713685?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+West+Coast+Conference+on+Contaminated+Soils%2C+Sediments%2C+and+Water+-+Abstracts+and+Supplemental+Information&rft.atitle=Nutrient+delivery+and+bioaugmentation+processes+using+membranes+and+gel+beads+for+in-situ+bioremediation+of+contaminated+sediments&rft.au=Tabak%2C+Henry+H%3BGovind%2C+Rakesh%3BKostecki%2C+Paul+T%3BCalabrese%2C+Edward+J%3BBartell%2C+Brenna&rft.aulast=Tabak&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+West+Coast+Conference+on+Contaminated+Soils%2C+Sediments%2C+and+Water+-+Abstracts+and+Supplemental+Information&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Twelfth annual west coast conference on Contaminated soils, sediments, and water N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06120 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; bioaugmentation; biodegradation; bioremediation; chemical oxygen demand; depositional environment; Eh; experimental studies; hydrocarbons; in situ; nutrients; organic compounds; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; remediation; sediments; soils; waste water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Terminal Electron Acceptor Mass Balance: Light Nonaqueous Phase Liquids and Natural Attenuation AN - 27773682; A2004-34-04636 (CE); 05351403 (EN) AB - Light nonaqueous phase liquids (LNAPLs) in subsurface systems may contain a relatively large amount of biodegradable organic material. During the biochemical oxidation of the organic compounds in the LNAPL, electrons are transferred to terminal electron acceptors (TEA) [i.e., O sub(2), NO super(-) sub(3), Mn(IV), Fe(III), SO super(-) sub(4) super(2), CO sub(2)] via coupled redox reactions. A mass balance between the TEA required for mineralization of benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and xylene (BTEX) compounds contained in the subsurface (ground water, soil, LNAPL) and the total TEA available from the ground water and aquifer sediments is proposed and evaluated. The total TEA available is predominantly attributed to the solid phase material; the aqueous phase TEA constitutes a minor amount; and the TEA required for BTEX mineralization is predominantly from the LNAPL. Consequently, a TEA deficit exists in the LNAPL source area. Under these conditions, it may be invalid to assume an infinite supply of TEA and sustained bioattenuation rates. LNAPL removal is one remedial option to reduce the TEA deficit in the source area. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Huling, S G AU - Pivetz, B AU - Stransky, R AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management and Research Laboratory, P.O. Box 1198, Ada, OK, 74820, USA PY - 2002 SP - 246 EP - 252 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, 1801 Alexander Bell Drive, Reston, VA, 20191-4400, USA, [mailto:journal-services@asce.org], [URL:http://www.asce.org] VL - 128 IS - 3 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Nonaqueous phase liquids KW - Ground water KW - Attenuation KW - Abatement and removal KW - Article KW - EE 40:Water Pollution: Monitoring, Control & Remediation (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/27773682?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Terminal+Electron+Acceptor+Mass+Balance%3A+Light+Nonaqueous+Phase+Liquids+and+Natural+Attenuation&rft.au=Huling%2C+S+G%3BPivetz%2C+B%3BStransky%2C+R&rft.aulast=Huling&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=246&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/10.1061%2F%28ASCE%290733-9372%282002%29128%3A3%28246%29 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2002)128:3(246) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Total gaseous mercury exchange between air and water river and sea surface in Swedish coastal regions [discussion] AN - 21045855; 5365973 JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Loux, N T AD - National Exposure Research Lab., US Environmental Protection Agency, Ecosystems Research Division, 960 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30605-2700, USA, loux.nick@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 1403 VL - 36 IS - 8 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - ANE, Sweden KW - Gas exchange KW - Water Pollution KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Heavy metals KW - Interfaces KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Atmospheric boundary layer KW - Freshwater pollution KW - Air-water exchanges KW - Mercury in the atmosphere KW - Rivers KW - Marine KW - Estuaries KW - Brackish KW - Dissolved gases KW - Air-water interface KW - Fate KW - Air pollution KW - Coastal zone KW - Marine pollution KW - Mercury KW - Mercury in river water KW - Mercury exchange, ocean-atmosphere KW - Sweden KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - Q5 08501:General KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21045855?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Total+gaseous+mercury+exchange+between+air+and+water+river+and+sea+surface+in+Swedish+coastal+regions+%5Bdiscussion%5D&rft.au=Loux%2C+N+T&rft.aulast=Loux&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1403&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gas exchange; Rivers; Pollution monitoring; Heavy metals; Pollution dispersion; Estuaries; Dissolved gases; Air-water interface; Fate; Air pollution; Coastal zone; Marine pollution; Ocean-atmosphere system; Mercury; Atmospheric boundary layer; Air-water exchanges; Freshwater pollution; Mercury in the atmosphere; Mercury in river water; Mercury exchange, ocean-atmosphere; Water Pollution; Interfaces; ANE, Sweden; Sweden; Marine; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temporal persistence of benthic invertebrate communities in south-eastern Australian streams: taxonomic resolution and implications for the use of predictive models AN - 20742387; 5661587 AB - Benthic macroinvertebrates are commonly used to monitor the condition of rivers and streams. Predictive models and biological objectives used in environmental policies, two tools for assessing stream condition, rely on the assumption that the communities from which the invertebrates are derived are sufficiently stable or persistent over time for valid comparisons to be made with test sites sampled years afterwards. There has only been limited testing of this in Australia and there has been no formal programme established to assess long-term changes in aquatic ecosystems. In this paper, data sets collected from the Latrobe and Yarra river systems in south-eastern Australia, sampled over periods of up to 20 years between initial and final samplings, were examined. Using multivariate analyses, it was found that stream communities were persistent at the taxonomic level of family, but significant temporal changes were apparent using species-level data. Tests of rank abundance (Friedman's and Spearman rank correlation) gave mixed results but generally lead to the same conclusions. The implications of these results are discussed with regard to changes in faunal composition, stability of rank abundances, impacts on the use of predictive models and biological objectives, and possible links to major environmental features. JF - Marine & Freshwater Research AU - Metzeling, L AU - Robinson, D AU - Perriss, S AU - Marchant, R AD - CRC for Freshwater Ecology, EPA Victoria, Ernst Jones Drive, Macleod, Vic. 3085, Australia, leon.metzeling@epa.vic.gov.au Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - Mar 2002 SP - 1223 EP - 1234 VL - 53 IS - 8 SN - 1323-1650, 1323-1650 KW - long-term studies KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Marine KW - Temporal variations KW - Climatic changes KW - Environmental impact KW - Freshwater KW - Streams KW - Environmental factors KW - Models KW - Community composition KW - Multivariate analysis KW - Long-term changes KW - Invertebrata KW - Australia KW - Zoobenthos KW - Indicator species KW - Modelling KW - Q1 08462:Benthos KW - D 04310:Freshwater KW - Z 05210:Aquatic entomology KW - D 04002:Surveying and remote sensing KW - Z 05156:Techniques UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20742387?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+%26+Freshwater+Research&rft.atitle=Temporal+persistence+of+benthic+invertebrate+communities+in+south-eastern+Australian+streams%3A+taxonomic+resolution+and+implications+for+the+use+of+predictive+models&rft.au=Metzeling%2C+L%3BRobinson%2C+D%3BPerriss%2C+S%3BMarchant%2C+R&rft.aulast=Metzeling&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+%26+Freshwater+Research&rft.issn=13231650&rft_id=info:doi/10.1071%2FMF02071 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Temporal variations; Long-term changes; Climatic changes; Environmental impact; Zoobenthos; Environmental factors; Modelling; Community composition; Multivariate analysis; Streams; Indicator species; Models; Invertebrata; Australia; Marine; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/MF02071 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synoptic assessment of wetland function: a planning tool for protection of wetland species biodiversity AN - 19808657; 5384745 AB - We present a synoptic assessment intended to maximize the benefits to wetland species biodiversity gained through Clean Water Act regulatory efforts within 225 sub-basins in Missouri, Iowa, Nebraska and Kansas (US Environmental Protection Agency, Region 7), USA. Our assessment provides a method for prioritizing sub-basins potentially critical for supporting wetland species biodiversity and may assist environmental managers and conservationists constrained by limited resources. We prioritize sub-basins based on the projected increase in the risk of wetland species extirpation across Region 7 that would be avoided by applying a unit of regulatory protection effort within a sub-basin. Because the projected increase in risk avoided per unit effort has not been directly measured, we represent this quantity with an index of indicators drawn from readily available data. A conceptual model incorporating landscape and anthropogenic factors guides index development via a series of simple benefit-cost equations. We rank and map the final index scores to show the relative priority among sub-basins for protection effort. High priority sub-basins appear to be concentrated along the major river systems within the region, where sensitive wetland species and intensive agriculture tend to coincide. Protection of wetland species biodiversity is an important, but not exclusive, attribute around which priorities should be set. Nevertheless, incorporation of our results into management strategies should allow managers to cast their local decisions in the context of regional scale maintenance of wetland species biodiversity, increasing ecological benefits for a given protection effort. JF - Biodiversity and Conservation AU - Schweiger, E W AU - Leibowitz, S G AU - Hyman, J B AU - Foster, W E AU - Downing, M C AD - US EPA Region 7, 901 N. Fifth Street, Kansas City, KS 66101, USA, schweiger.billy@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - Mar 2002 SP - 379 EP - 406 VL - 11 IS - 3 SN - 0960-3115, 0960-3115 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Resource management KW - Biological diversity KW - Biodiversity KW - USA, Kansas KW - Environmental protection KW - USA KW - USA, Iowa KW - USA, Nebraska KW - USA, Missouri KW - Conservation KW - Regional planning KW - Clean Water Act KW - Wetlands KW - National planning KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - D 04705:Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19808657?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biodiversity+and+Conservation&rft.atitle=Synoptic+assessment+of+wetland+function%3A+a+planning+tool+for+protection+of+wetland+species+biodiversity&rft.au=Schweiger%2C+E+W%3BLeibowitz%2C+S+G%3BHyman%2C+J+B%3BFoster%2C+W+E%3BDowning%2C+M+C&rft.aulast=Schweiger&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=379&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biodiversity+and+Conservation&rft.issn=09603115&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental monitoring; Resource management; Regional planning; Biodiversity; Wetlands; Environmental protection; National planning; Biological diversity; Conservation; Clean Water Act; USA; USA, Iowa; USA, Nebraska; USA, Missouri; USA, Kansas ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial and temporal variability in zooplankton community dynamics in three urbanized bayous of the Pensacola Bay system, Florida, USA AN - 18584270; 5366024 AB - Spatial and temporal patterns in zooplankton community composition and abundance in coastal areas of the Gulf of Mexico are not well understood. Spatial and temporal differences in zooplankton community composition and abundance from 10 stations located in four sites are presented (Pensacola Bay and Bayou Texar, Bayou Chico, and Bayou Grande, three adjacent mesohaline-tidal bayous affected by urban and industrial development). Statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) were found in log-biovolume among sites. The mean biovolume of zooplankton was highest in Pensacola Bay (0.38 ml m super(-3)) followed by Bayou Grande (0.21 ml m super(-3)), Bayou Chico (0.14 ml m super(-3)), and Bayou Texar (0.06 ml m super(-3)). Mean zooplankton abundances (organisms m super(-3)) in Pensacola Bay (3,100 m super(-3)) and Bayou Grande (3,000 m super(-3)) were more than double the abundances in Bayou Texar (1,400 m super(-3)) and Bayou Chico (1,100 m super(-3)). The calanoid copepod Acartia tonsa Dana was the dominant species in the study area. The observed differences in the zooplankton community may be attributable to either one or a combination of factors such as water quality (toxicity), predation, and nutrient availability. Zooplankton abundance increased following two hurricanes that impacted the study area. JF - Gulf and Caribbean Research AU - Lores, E M AU - Lewis, MA AU - Malaeb, Z A AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA, lores.emile@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 1 EP - 11 VL - 14 SN - 1528-0470, 1528-0470 KW - USA, Florida, Pensacola Bay KW - community composition KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - ASW, USA, Florida KW - Population characteristics KW - Zooplankton KW - Phytoplankton KW - Food availability KW - Spatial Distribution KW - Water quality KW - ASW, USA, Mexico Gulf KW - Dominant species KW - Urban Areas KW - Bays KW - Temporal Distribution KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 08461:Plankton KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18584270?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gulf+and+Caribbean+Research&rft.atitle=Spatial+and+temporal+variability+in+zooplankton+community+dynamics+in+three+urbanized+bayous+of+the+Pensacola+Bay+system%2C+Florida%2C+USA&rft.au=Lores%2C+E+M%3BLewis%2C+MA%3BMalaeb%2C+Z+A&rft.aulast=Lores&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Gulf+and+Caribbean+Research&rft.issn=15280470&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Dominant species; Population characteristics; Zooplankton; Food availability; Water quality; Urban Areas; Phytoplankton; Spatial Distribution; Temporal Distribution; Bays; ASW, USA, Mexico Gulf; ASW, USA, Florida ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Macroinvertebrate regionalisation for use in the management of aquatic ecosystems in Victoria, Australia AN - 18569055; 5372895 AB - The development of a broader, more holistic approach to aquatic ecosystem management has been called for in recent years. Physical and chemical objectives alone are no longer considered sufficient for the protection of aquatic ecosystems and should be supplemented with biological objectives. The ubiquitous and sedentary nature of macroinvertebrates, combined with their measurable response to environmental conditions, favour their use as important indicators in environmental policies. To establish biological objectives, there is a need for a regional framework to limit the variability between ecosystems. Past studies have demonstrated that an a posteriori regionalisation approach may be more useful than an a priori approach in explaining single component (e.g. macroinvertebrates) patterns across ecosystems. This is particularly important as aquatic resource management agencies often focus on one or two components of the ecosystem to assess environmental health. This study uses an a posteriori method to delineate and describe biological regions based on edge and riffle macroinvertebrate data. The regionalisation will provide a framework for setting biological objectives, based on the range of reference conditions measured within each separate region. The objectives will include regional checklists for taxa and biotic indices. Predictive modelling in the style of RIVPACS or AUSRIVAS will also be used within each region to develop objectives, incorporating local, regional and systematic features as predictor variables. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Wells, F AU - Metzeling, L AU - Newall, P AD - Co-operative Research Centre for Freshwater Ecology, Environment Protection Authority, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, peter.newall@epa.vic.gov.au Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 271 EP - 294 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, [mailto:sales@wkap.nl] VL - 74 IS - 3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - AUSRIVAS KW - Australia, Victoria KW - RIVPACS KW - Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Animals (Invertebrates) (see also Individual groups) KW - Management KW - Ecosystems KW - Water resources KW - Government policy KW - Check lists KW - Invertebrates KW - Freshwater KW - environmental policy KW - Ecology KW - Biota KW - Aquatic environments KW - Ecosystem management KW - Invertebrata KW - Environmental Policy KW - Bioindicators KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Policies KW - Macrofauna KW - Aquatic ecosystems KW - Aquatic environment KW - Environmental protection KW - Community composition KW - Aquatic Environment KW - Environmental management KW - Environment management KW - Regional variations KW - Water Resources KW - Indicator species KW - D 04700:Management KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - SW 4020:Evaluation process KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes KW - Z 05156:Techniques UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18569055?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Macroinvertebrate+regionalisation+for+use+in+the+management+of+aquatic+ecosystems+in+Victoria%2C+Australia&rft.au=Wells%2C+F%3BMetzeling%2C+L%3BNewall%2C+P&rft.aulast=Wells&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental monitoring; Policies; Community composition; Biota; Ecosystem management; Check lists; Regional variations; Environment management; Environmental protection; Indicator species; Management; Government policy; Macrofauna; Aquatic ecosystems; Aquatic environment; Bioindicators; environmental policy; Ecology; Animals (Invertebrates) (see also Individual groups); Aquatic environments; Water resources; Environmental management; Ecosystems; Aquatic Environment; Environmental Policy; Invertebrates; Water Resources; Invertebrata; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Novel Cell Line, MDA-kb2, That Stably Expresses an Androgen- and GlucocorticoidResponsive Reporter for the Detection of Hormone Receptor Agonists and Antagonists AN - 18441095; 5413310 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has proposed that in vitro assays for estrogen receptor (ER)- and androgen receptor (AR)-mediated actions be included in a Tier-I screening battery to detect hormonally active chemicals. Herein we describe the development of a novel stable cell line, MDA-kb2, for screening of androgen agonist and antagonists and to characterize its specificity and sensitivity to endocrine-disrupting chemicals. The breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-453, was stably transformed with the MMTV-luciferase-neo reporter gene construct. Since both GR and AR are present in the MDA-MB-453 cells, and both receptors can act through the MMTV promoter, compounds that act through either AR or GR activate the MMTV luciferase reporter. As expected, AR agonists such as dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and GR agonists such as dexamethasone (DEX), corticosterone, and aldosterone induce luciferase expression at appropriate concentrations. DHT consistently produced 3--9-fold induction at concentrations from 0.1 to 10 nM. At 1 to 1000 nM, DEX induced luciferase activity 1.3--19.5-fold. To distinguish AR- from GR-mediated ligands, chemicals were assayed concurrently with the antiandrogen, hydroxyflutamide (OHF), which blocks AR- but not GR-mediated responses. In addition, known AR antagonists, including hydroxyflutamide, vinclozolin, vinclozolin metabolites M1 and M2, p,p'-DDE, and linuron inhibited DHT-induced luciferase gene expression at appropriate concentrations in this system. We have found that these cells are relatively easy to culture and maintain. Responsiveness was monitored over time and was stable for more than 80 passages. Some advantages of this assay are that it is relatively rapid (2 days), eliminates the need for transfection, can be conducted in a 96-well plate format, and produces consistent reproducible results. In summary, we have developed a cell line that can be used to screen chemicals, not just for AR- but for GR-mediated activities as well. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Wilson, V S AU - Bobseine, K AU - Lambright, C R AU - Gray, LE Jr AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Reproductive Toxicology Division, MD-72, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - Mar 2002 SP - 69 EP - 81 PB - Academic Press, Inc. VL - 66 IS - 1 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - drug screening KW - man KW - tumor cell lines KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18441095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=A+Novel+Cell+Line%2C+MDA-kb2%2C+That+Stably+Expresses+an+Androgen-+and+GlucocorticoidResponsive+Reporter+for+the+Detection+of+Hormone+Receptor+Agonists+and+Antagonists&rft.au=Wilson%2C+V+S%3BBobseine%2C+K%3BLambright%2C+C+R%3BGray%2C+LE+Jr&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of Two Androgen Receptor Assays Using Adenoviral Transduction of MMTV-Luc Reporter and/or hAR for Endocrine Screening AN - 18437569; 5413311 AB - The discovery of xenobiotics that interfere with androgen activity has highlighted the need to assess chemicals for their ability to modulate dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-receptor binding. Previous test systems have used cells transfected with plasmid containing a reporter gene. Here we report the use of transduction for gene delivery and assessment of the modulation of DHT-induced gene activation. Transduction, the ability of replication-defective viruses to deliver biologically competent genes, is a well understood biological process, which has been utilized to repair defective genes in humans as well as to express exogenous genes in rodent models. Human breast carcinoma cells (MDA-MB-453) containing endogenous copies of the androgen (hAR) and glucocorticoid (GR) receptors were transduced with replication-defective human adenovirus type 5 containing the luciferase (Luc) reporter gene driven by the AR- and GR-responsive glucocorticoid-inducible hormone response element found with the mammary tumor virus LTR (Ad/MLUC7). In a second set of experiments, CV-1 cells were transduced as above with MMTV-luc and also hAR. Cells were subcultured in 96-well plates, transduced with virus, exposed to chemicals, incubated for 48 h, lysed, and assayed for luciferase. Luc gene expression was induced in a dose-dependent manner by DHT, estradiol, and dexamethasone (NMA only) and inhibited by AR antagonist hydroxyflutamide (OHF), hydroxy-DDE, HPTE (2,2-bis (p-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1, 1-trichloroethane), a methoxychlor metabolite, and M1 and M2 (vinclozolin metabolites). The transduced cells responded to AR agonists and antagonists as predicted from our other studies, with a very robust and reproducible response. Over all replicates, 0.1 nM DHT induced luc expression by about 45-fold in CV-1 cells (intra-assay CV = 20%) and 1 micromolar OHF inhibited DHT by about 80%. In the transduced MDA cells, 0.1 nM DHT induced luc by about 24-fold (intra-assay CV = 33%), which was inhibited by OHF by about 85%. DHT-induced luciferase activity peaked in both cell lines between 1 and 100 nM, displaying about 64- and 115-fold maximal induction in the CV-1 and MDA 453 cells, respectively. For agonists, a two-fold induction of luc over media control was statistically significant. For AR antagonists, a 25--30% inhibition of DHT-induced luc expression was typically statistically significant. Comparing the two assays, the transduced CV-1 cells were slightly more sensitive to AR-mediated responses, but the transduced MDA 453 cells were more responsive to GR agonists. In summary, these assays correctly identified the endocrine activity of all chemicals examined and displayed sensitivity with a relatively low variability and a high-fold induction over background. Adenovirus transduction for EDC screening has the potential to be employed in a high-throughput mode, and could easily be applied to other cell lines and utilized to deliver other receptors and reporter genes. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Hartig, P C AU - Bobseine, K L AU - Britt, B H AU - Cardon, M C AU - Lambright, C R AU - Wilson, V S AU - Gray, LE Jr AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - Mar 2002 SP - 82 EP - 90 PB - Academic Press, Inc. VL - 66 IS - 1 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - drug screening KW - man KW - tumor cell lines KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18437569?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Development+of+Two+Androgen+Receptor+Assays+Using+Adenoviral+Transduction+of+MMTV-Luc+Reporter+and%2For+hAR+for+Endocrine+Screening&rft.au=Hartig%2C+P+C%3BBobseine%2C+K+L%3BBritt%2C+B+H%3BCardon%2C+M+C%3BLambright%2C+C+R%3BWilson%2C+V+S%3BGray%2C+LE+Jr&rft.aulast=Hartig&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=82&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Partitioning of Benzene in Blood: Influence of Hemoglobin Type in Humans and Animals AN - 18410963; 5397505 AB - Earlier studies have shown that air/blood partition coefficients (PCs) for many volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) are much higher in rat blood than in human blood. It has been suggested that the discrepancy could be attributed to the fact that hemoglobin (Hb) in rat blood exists in a quasi-crystalline form of hydrophobicity greater than that of normal human Hb (HbA) and thus has a higher carrying capacity for VOCs. In the present study, we used benzene as a prototypic VOC to examine its relative partitioning into human and animal blood. Additionally, we sought to ascertain whether the water-insoluble form of hemoglobin (HbS) found in subjects with homozygous sickle cell (SC) disease has a greater VOC-carrying capacity than does HbA blood. At a low-O sub(2) tension, HbS switches to water-insoluble polymers, which physically deforms the red blood cells (RBCs) to the sickle shape. We equilibrated HbA, HbS, Hartley guinea pig, CD1 mouse, and rat (F-344, Wistar, and Sprague-Dawley) blood and their respective fractions with benzene vapor (80 or 400 ppm) for 3 hr at 37 degree C in air-tight vials. We introduced benzene vapor into the vial head space that contained air or respiratory mixtures of venous-type (low-O sub(2)) or arterial-type (high-O sub(2)) gases. The blood measurements included the PC, Hb, partial pressures of O sub(2) (pO sub(2)) and CO sub(2) (pCO sub(2)), pH, and percentage of SCs. The benzene concentration had no effect on these parameters, and the high- and low-O sub(2) gas mixtures produced the expected changes in pO sub(2), pCO sub(2), and pH. At equilibrium, the low-O sub(2) HbS blood had approximately 85% SCs compared with roughly 15% with air or high-O sub(2) gas. PCs for rat and mouse blood were about 100% higher than those for human and guinea pig blood, but the PC for deoxygenated HbS blood was only slightly higher than that for HbA or oxygenated HbS blood. Benzene showed higher affinities for RBCs in the deoxygenated HbS, rat, and mouse blood and higher affinity for plasma in the guinea pig blood. There was no evidence of disproportionate partitioning of benzene into oxygenated HbS or into HbA blood forms. These data suggest that the water solubility of Hb alone appears to have little effect on the VOC-carrying capacity of blood and that the influence of species is large in comparison. These latter differences in partitioning may depend on the number of hydrophobic sites on the surface of the plasma/heme proteins and thus be unique to the species. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Wiester, MJ AU - Winsett, D W AU - Richards, J H AU - Doerfler, D L AU - Costa, D L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Laboratory, ETD, PTB, MD-82, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, wiester.mildred@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - Mar 2002 SP - 255 EP - 261 VL - 110 IS - 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - man KW - partitioning KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24153:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18410963?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Partitioning+of+Benzene+in+Blood%3A+Influence+of+Hemoglobin+Type+in+Humans+and+Animals&rft.au=Wiester%2C+MJ%3BWinsett%2C+D+W%3BRichards%2C+J+H%3BDoerfler%2C+D+L%3BCosta%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Wiester&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=255&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effectiveness of Chromosomal and Plasmid-linked Genes for Enumerating Biotechnology Agents In Vivo AN - 18394872; 5384394 AB - Following the release of biotechnology agents, detection methods for monitoring human exposure to these microorganisms should be available. Enzymatic markers from chromosomal (lacZY) and plasmid (xylE) DNA were evaluated in an in vivo mouse model. Mice were treated orally or intranasally with Pseudomonas aureofaciens 3732RN-L11 (lacZY), 3732RN-L11::pRO1940 (lacZY xylE), or ATCC 13985. All strains were cleared within 5 days from the cecum or lungs. Direct plating, without intermediate antibiotic resistance selection, was used to detect the genetic markers. Chromosomal-linked lacZ was stable in vivo and in vitro but plasmid-linked xylE was not. Of the isolates recovered, 75% (in vivo, oral), 98% (in vivo, intranasal), and 16% (in vitro) remained XyIE +. Though more tedious to enumerate, both lacZY and xylE are plausible alternatives to antibiotic resistance markers for in vivo biotechnology risk assessment studies. JF - Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease AU - George, SE AU - Nelson, G M AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division (MD-68), US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, george.elizabeth@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - Mar 2002 SP - 19 EP - 23 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 0891-060X, 0891-060X KW - lacZ gene KW - mice KW - xylE gene KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - W4 130:General Biomedical Engineering: Tools & Techniques KW - J 02910:Miscellaneous topics KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18394872?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbial+Ecology+in+Health+and+Disease&rft.atitle=Effectiveness+of+Chromosomal+and+Plasmid-linked+Genes+for+Enumerating+Biotechnology+Agents+In+Vivo&rft.au=George%2C+SE%3BNelson%2C+G+M&rft.aulast=George&rft.aufirst=SE&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbial+Ecology+in+Health+and+Disease&rft.issn=0891060X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seasonal Survival, Movement, and Habitat Use of Age-0 Rainbow Trout in the Henrys Fork of the Snake River, Idaho AN - 18394110; 5383941 AB - We quantified seasonal abundances, apparent survival rates, movements, and habitat use of age-0 rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss in a 25-km reach of the Henrys Fork of the Snake River, Idaho, to determine what factors limit recruitment to the population. Natural production of rainbow trout occurred in each year of the study (1995-1997) and ranged from 158,000 to 306,000 age-0 fish each summer. No significant loss of age-0 rainbow trout occurred between summer and autumn; suitable habitat was present throughout the channel in all reaches and supported large abundances of age-0 rainbow trout through this period. The greatest losses (77-100%) occurred during winter and primarily involved fish from center-channel macrophyte beds. Most river sections, which had only simple bank habitat, did not support any age-0 rainbow trout through the entire winter. Overwinter survival was greatest (18-23%) in Box Canyon, a river section characterized by complex bank habitat, high gradient, and large substrate. Fish that were marked in river sections with simple bank habitat in autumn had moved to sections with complex bank habitat by the following spring. Winter habitat limits rainbow trout recruitment in the Henrys Fork. JF - Transactions of the American Fisheries Society AU - Mitro, M G AU - Zale, A V AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882, USA, mitro.matt@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - Mar 2002 SP - 271 EP - 286 VL - 131 IS - 2 SN - 0002-8487, 0002-8487 KW - Juveniles KW - Rainbow trout KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Freshwater KW - Q1 01341:General KW - Y 25655:Fish KW - D 04668:Fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18394110?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.atitle=Seasonal+Survival%2C+Movement%2C+and+Habitat+Use+of+Age-0+Rainbow+Trout+in+the+Henrys+Fork+of+the+Snake+River%2C+Idaho&rft.au=Mitro%2C+M+G%3BZale%2C+A+V&rft.aulast=Mitro&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=131&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.issn=00028487&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indicators of Ecological Stress and Their Extent in the Population of Northeastern Lakes: A Regional-Scale Assessment AN - 18382905; 5358615 AB - Although stressors such as nonnative fish introductions, mercury contamination, and shoreline alteration are not generally considered subjects for environmental management, they are as widespread as eutrophication, and more extensive than acidification, in the lakes of the northeastern states. JF - Bioscience AU - Whittier, T R AU - Paulsen, S G AU - Larsen, D P AU - Peterson, SA AU - Herlihy, A T AU - Kaufmann, PR AD - Aquatic Monitoring and Bioassessment Branch, Western Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency National Health and Ecological Effects Research Laboratory, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA, whittier.thom@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - Mar 2002 SP - 235 EP - 247 PB - American Institute of Biological Sciences VL - 52 IS - 3 SN - 0006-3568, 0006-3568 KW - shoreline alteration KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - D 04700:Management KW - Q1 01381:General KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18382905?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioscience&rft.atitle=Indicators+of+Ecological+Stress+and+Their+Extent+in+the+Population+of+Northeastern+Lakes%3A+A+Regional-Scale+Assessment&rft.au=Whittier%2C+T+R%3BPaulsen%2C+S+G%3BLarsen%2C+D+P%3BPeterson%2C+SA%3BHerlihy%2C+A+T%3BKaufmann%2C+PR&rft.aulast=Whittier&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioscience&rft.issn=00063568&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0006-3568%282002%29052%280235%3AIOESAT%292.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=0006-3568&volume=52&page=235 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0006-3568(2002)052(0235:IOESAT)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors Affecting Brain Cholinesterase Activity in Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) AN - 18376134; 5350253 AB - Organophosphorus insecticides (OPs) are widely used to control crop pests, and can enter aquatic systems draining agricultural watersheds. Because OPs are highly toxic to aquatic organisms, monitoring is important, yet difficult due to the low persistence of many OPs. Cholinesterase (ChE) inhibition can be used to monitor organisms' exposure to OPs and carbamates; however, high variability in ChE activity may interfere with the ability of the assay to detect OP exposure. Several potential sources of variation in ChE activity, including water temperature, storage of samples, euthanasia method, and fish sex and size, were investigated in bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus). ChE activity did not vary significantly with water temperature in the range 20-31 degree C, or following short-term storage of euthanized bluegill up to 8 h at 4 and 19 degree C or long-term storage of brain homogenates up to 389 d at -198 degree C. There was no difference in ChE activity by euthanasia method (spinal cord severing or anesthesia with Finquel registered ), nor by sex of fish. Mean ChE activity varied inversely with fish total length. Of the variables investigated in this study, only size needs to be restricted in fish collected for monitoring of OPs. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Beauvais, S L AU - Cole, K J AU - Atchison, G J AU - Coffey, M AD - Department of Animal Ecology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, U.S.A. Department of Pesticide Regulation, Worker Health and Safety Branch, California EPA, P.O. Box 4015, Sacramento, CA 95812, U.S.A., sbeauvais@cdpr.ca.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - Mar 2002 SP - 249 EP - 264 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 135 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Bluegill KW - Cholinesterase KW - brain KW - cholinesterase KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - X 24135:Biochemistry KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - Q5 01504:Effects on organisms KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18376134?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Factors+Affecting+Brain+Cholinesterase+Activity+in+Bluegill+%28Lepomis+macrochirus%29&rft.au=Beauvais%2C+S+L%3BCole%2C+K+J%3BAtchison%2C+G+J%3BCoffey%2C+M&rft.aulast=Beauvais&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=135&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=249&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Remarks by Linda Murphy of EPA to New England Water Works Association AN - 1665487206; 5387268 AB - Our newly appointed Regional Administrator, Bob Varney, spoke at your September conference. In the short time I have this morning, I won't repeat what you heard from Bob, but I will update you on EPA's counter-terrorism efforts nationally and in the region. Though counter-terrorism has emerged as one of our top priorities, there are still many other program challenges before us and I'll summarize some of them to give you a flavor of what EPA is working on. And last, I'll conclude with some observations about the importance of and difficulties associated with effective communications. JF - Journal of New England Water Works Association AU - Anonymous AD - Office of Ecosystem Protection, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, New England Region, 1 Congress St., Boston, MA 02114-2023, USA Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 19 EP - 22 VL - 116 IS - 1 SN - 0028-4939, 0028-4939 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Administrative Agencies KW - Water Management KW - Conferences KW - Organizations KW - Communication KW - Priorities KW - Political Aspects KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1665487206?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+New+England+Water+Works+Association&rft.atitle=Remarks+by+Linda+Murphy+of+EPA+to+New+England+Water+Works+Association&rft.au=Anonymous&rft.aulast=Anonymous&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+New+England+Water+Works+Association&rft.issn=00284939&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Administrative Agencies; Water Management; Organizations; Conferences; Communication; Priorities; Political Aspects ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization and Reduction of Formaldehyde Emissions from a Low-VOC Latex Paint AN - 16145880; 5581276 AB - The patterns of formaldehyde emission from a low volatile organic compound (VOC) latex paint applied to gypsum board were measured and analyzed by small environmental chamber tests. It was found that the formaldehyde emissions resulted in a sharp increase of chamber air formaldehyde concentration to a peak followed by transition to a long-term slow decay. A semi-empirical first-order decay in-series model was developed to interpret the chamber data. The model characterized the formaldehyde emissions from the paint in three stages: an initial "puff" of instant release, a fast decay, and a final stage of slow decay controlled by a solid-phase diffusion process that can last for more than a month. The model was also used to estimate the peak concentration and the amount of formaldehyde emitted during each stage. The formaldehyde sources were investigated by comparing emission patterns and modeling outcomes of different paint formulations. The biocide used to preserve the paint was found to be a major source of the formaldehyde. Chamber test results demonstrated that replacing the preservative with a different biocide for the particular paint tested resulted in an approximate reduction of 55% of formaldehyde emissions. But the reduction affected only the third-stage long-term emissions. JF - Indoor Air AU - Chang, JCS AU - Guo, Z AU - Fortmann, R AU - Lao, H-C AD - Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, chang.john@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - Mar 2002 SP - 10 EP - 16 VL - 12 IS - 1 SN - 0905-6947, 0905-6947 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Emission measurements KW - Formaldehyde KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - Paints KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16145880?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+Air&rft.atitle=Characterization+and+Reduction+of+Formaldehyde+Emissions+from+a+Low-VOC+Latex+Paint&rft.au=Chang%2C+JCS%3BGuo%2C+Z%3BFortmann%2C+R%3BLao%2C+H-C&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=JCS&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+Air&rft.issn=09056947&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Emission measurements; Formaldehyde; Volatile organic compounds; Paints ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating the economics and environmental friendliness of conceptual designs for new and retrofitted chemical processes AN - 16143142; 5584291 AB - This work describes a method for using spreadsheet analyses of process designs and retrofits to provide simple and quick economic and environmental evaluations simultaneously. The method focuses attention onto those streams and components that have the largest monetary values and potential environmental impacts. Through example processes, including the hydrodealkylation of toluene and the pyrolysis of dichloroethane, results show that alternative processes are easy to evaluate. The method reveals its power from the simple and quick results that are obtained. Thus, the method allows one to focus on more than just economics and meeting environmental regulations and to free time for considering aspects of pollution prevention. JF - Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy AU - Smith, R L AD - National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26W. Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA, smith.raymond@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - Mar 2002 SP - 383 EP - 391 VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 1618-954X, 1618-954X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Pollution prevention KW - Economics KW - environmental regulations KW - Environmental engineering KW - Chemical industry KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16143142?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clean+Technologies+and+Environmental+Policy&rft.atitle=Evaluating+the+economics+and+environmental+friendliness+of+conceptual+designs+for+new+and+retrofitted+chemical+processes&rft.au=Smith%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=383&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clean+Technologies+and+Environmental+Policy&rft.issn=1618954X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10098-001-0136-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution prevention; Economics; environmental regulations; Environmental engineering; Chemical industry DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10098-001-0136-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wastewater collection system infrastructure research needs in the USA AN - 16135744; 5385372 AB - Many of the wastewater collection systems in the USA were developed in the early part of the last century. Maintenance, retrofits, and rehabilitations since then have resulted in patchwork systems consisting of technologies from different eras. More advanced and cost-effective methods to properly rehabilitate these systems must be considered to guarantee sustainability into the future. Achieving sustainable development presents a challenge to deliver new and innovative infrastructure and facilities needed to serve society while protecting the environment. In the context of this paper, sustainable development would provide new and improved solutions to existing and emerging problems associated with wastewater collection system infrastructure. Such solutions would, for example, include consideration of innovative approaches and practices for identifying and rehabilitating problems in existing systems and ways of preventing these problems in new construction. The paper focuses on technical issues and research needs in three major areas: (1) assessment of system integrity; (2) operation, maintenance, and rehabilitation; and (3) new construction. Many of the issues and needs discussed were identified at a USEPA sponsored experts workshop on infrastructure problems associated with wastewater collection systems. JF - Urban Water AU - Tafuri, AN AU - Selvakumar, A AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Urban Watershed Management Branch, 2890 Woodbridge Avenue, Edison, NJ 08837, USA, tafuri.anthony@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - Mar 2002 SP - 21 EP - 29 VL - 4 IS - 1 SN - 1462-0758, 1462-0758 KW - USA KW - conferences KW - wastewater collection systems KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Urbanization KW - Sustainable development KW - Wastewater Collection KW - Freshwater KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Public health KW - Research Priorities KW - Economics KW - sustainability KW - Sewage treatment KW - Sanitary engineering KW - Wastewater Facilities KW - Rehabilitation KW - Conferences KW - Construction KW - Maintenance and repair KW - Water purification KW - Maintenance KW - Environmental protection KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Water management KW - Construction industry wastes KW - infrastructure KW - Technology KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - Q2 09127:General papers on resources KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16135744?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Urban+Water&rft.atitle=Wastewater+collection+system+infrastructure+research+needs+in+the+USA&rft.au=Tafuri%2C+AN%3BSelvakumar%2C+A&rft.aulast=Tafuri&rft.aufirst=AN&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Urban+Water&rft.issn=14620758&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Urbanization; Water management; Maintenance and repair; Construction; Sewage treatment; Water purification; Wastewater treatment; Environmental protection; Sanitary engineering; Public health; Economics; Construction industry wastes; Sustainable development; sustainability; infrastructure; Maintenance; Technology; Research Priorities; Performance Evaluation; Wastewater Facilities; Conferences; Rehabilitation; Wastewater Collection; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transformation and Transport of Vinclozolin from Soil to Air AN - 16132737; 5351405 AB - A laboratory chamber was designed and used to determine the headspace flux of the fungicide vinclozolin (3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5-methyl-5-vinyl-oxzoli-dine-2,4-dione) and its three degradation products from chamber surfaces, 20-30 mesh Ottawa sand, and sterilized and nonsterile North Carolina Piedmont aquic hapludult soils following fungicide spray applications. Results indicate that vinclozolin and its degradation products are influenced by the presence of soil particles, fluid-filled pore space, soil organic matter and clay content, and microbes. The formation of 2-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-carbamoyl]oxy-2-methyl-3-butenoic acid ("M1"), was highest in pore water with elevated pH levels, and the degradation is enhanced by the presence of microbes. M1 was also released from lower pH soil pore water, especially when the fungicide was incorporated into the soil. Unlike prior studies of vinclozolin degradation in solutions, this study found that, in soil, both M1 and 3',5'-dichloro-2-hydroxy-2-methylbut-3-enanilide ("M2") can be produced in the same soil column. These results indicate that engineering controls and agricultural practices following application can affect the amount and pathway of vinclozolin's degradation. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Vallero, DA AU - Peirce, J J AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory (MD-56), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, vallero.daniel@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - Mar 2002 SP - 261 EP - 268 VL - 128 IS - 3 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - vinclozolin KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Soil KW - Environmental pollution KW - USA, North Carolina KW - Clay KW - Fungicide spraying KW - Atmospheric pollution chemistry KW - Organic matter KW - Fungicides KW - Air quality KW - Agrochemicals KW - Dispersion KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16132737?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Transformation+and+Transport+of+Vinclozolin+from+Soil+to+Air&rft.au=Vallero%2C+DA%3BPeirce%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Vallero&rft.aufirst=DA&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/10.1061%2F%28ASCE%290733-9372%282002%29128%3A3%28261%29 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental pollution; Fungicide spraying; Atmospheric pollution chemistry; Soil; Clay; Organic matter; Fungicides; Air quality; Agrochemicals; Dispersion; USA, North Carolina DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2002)128:3(261) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alterations in ovarian follicular progesterone secretion by elevated exposures to the drinking water disinfection by-product dibromoacetic acid: examination of the potential site(s) of impact along the steroidogenic pathway. AN - 71454020; 11836015 AB - Previous data from our laboratory indicated that the drinking water disinfection by-product, dibromoacetic acid (DBA), when applied in vitro to rat preovulatory follicles at a concentration consistent with blood levels found to disrupt estrous cyclicity, was able to block the stimulated secretion of progesterone. The present experiments focused on establishing a dose-response for such an effect and identifying the point(s)of impact of this compound along the steroidogenic pathway that underlie this suppression. Immature Sprague-Dawley rats were primed with PMSG on day 26 and killed 48 h later. Preovulatory follicles were removed and paired in culture with or without DBA (2-50 microg/ml) to reassess progesterone secretion under hCG-stimulated or baseline conditions. In addition, media supplemented with pregnenolone or 22(R)-hydroxycholesterol (22R-HC) were used to determine the effects of 50 microg/ml DBA on the initial steps leading to progesterone synthesis. Samples taken over the course of 24 h reaffirmed a significant DBA-associated suppression in baseline and stimulated progesterone release, while estradiol secretion was unaffected. This effect was mirrored by a reduction in follicular progesterone content in these DBA groups. The addition of pregnenolone eliminated this decrease, with the DBA-exposed follicles exhibiting a linear increase in progesterone release over the sampling period. The follicular progesterone content at 24 h showed that DBA treatment under pregnenolone supplementation caused marked elevations under both the hCG stimulated and non-stimulated conditions, something not reflected in the release data. Substitution of 22R-HC for pregnenolone eliminated the effect on baseline progesterone release, although the attenuation in stimulated secretion was still present. This suggests both an effect of DBA exposure on mitochondrial cholesterol transport by steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) and a possible impact on the receptor or postreceptor events triggered by hCG. JF - Toxicology AU - Goldman, Jerome M AU - Murr, Ashley S AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. goldman.jerome@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/02/28/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Feb 28 SP - 83 EP - 93 VL - 171 IS - 2-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Acetates KW - 0 KW - Chorionic Gonadotropin KW - Disinfectants KW - Gonadotropins, Equine KW - Hydroxycholesterols KW - 22-hydroxycholesterol KW - 17711-16-9 KW - Progesterone KW - 4G7DS2Q64Y KW - Estradiol KW - 4TI98Z838E KW - dibromoacetic acid KW - 631-64-1 KW - Pregnenolone KW - 73R90F7MQ8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Pregnenolone -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Fresh Water KW - Hydroxycholesterols -- pharmacology KW - Estradiol -- secretion KW - Time Factors KW - Organ Culture Techniques KW - Female KW - Disinfectants -- adverse effects KW - Acetates -- adverse effects KW - Ovarian Follicle -- secretion KW - Disinfectants -- toxicity KW - Acetates -- toxicity KW - Progesterone -- secretion UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71454020?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Alterations+in+ovarian+follicular+progesterone+secretion+by+elevated+exposures+to+the+drinking+water+disinfection+by-product+dibromoacetic+acid%3A+examination+of+the+potential+site%28s%29+of+impact+along+the+steroidogenic+pathway.&rft.au=Goldman%2C+Jerome+M%3BMurr%2C+Ashley+S&rft.aulast=Goldman&rft.aufirst=Jerome&rft.date=2002-02-28&rft.volume=171&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-03-11 N1 - Date created - 2002-02-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Normal gene expression in male F344 rat nasal transitional and respiratory epithelium. AN - 71764573; 12039058 AB - The nasal epithelium is an important target site for chemically-induced toxicity and carcinogenicity in rodents. Gene expression profiles were determined in order to provide normal baseline data for nasal transitional/respiratory epithelium from healthy rats. Cells lining the rat nasal passages were collected and gene expression analysis was performed using Clontech cDNA Rat Atlas 1.2 arrays (1185 genes). The percentages of genes within specific average expression ranges were 4.2% at 45,000-1000, 14.8% at 1000-200, 25.0% at 200-68, and 56.0% below 68. Nine out of a subset of ten genes were confirmed for relative signal intensity using quantitative real-time RT-PCR. The most highly expressed genes included those involved in phase I (e.g. cytochrome P450s) and phase II (e.g. glutathione S-transferases) xenobiotic metabolism, bioenergetics (e.g. cytochrome oxidase), osmotic balance (e.g. Na(+)/K(+) ATPase) and epithelial ionic homeostasis (e.g. ion channels). Such baseline data will contribute to further understanding the normal physiology of these cells and facilitate the interpretation of responses by the nasal epithelial cells to xenobiotic treatment or disease. JF - Gene AU - Hester, Susan D AU - Benavides, Gina B AU - Sartor, Maureen AU - Yoon, Lawrence AU - Wolf, Douglas C AU - Morgan, Kevin T AD - US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA. hester.susan@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2002/02/20/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Feb 20 SP - 301 EP - 310 VL - 285 IS - 1-2 SN - 0378-1119, 0378-1119 KW - DNA, Complementary KW - 0 KW - RNA KW - 63231-63-0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - DNA, Complementary -- genetics KW - RNA -- metabolism KW - Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis -- methods KW - Epithelium -- metabolism KW - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Male KW - RNA -- genetics KW - Gene Expression Profiling KW - Respiratory Mucosa -- metabolism KW - Rats, Inbred F344 -- genetics KW - Nasal Mucosa -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71764573?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gene&rft.atitle=Normal+gene+expression+in+male+F344+rat+nasal+transitional+and+respiratory+epithelium.&rft.au=Hester%2C+Susan+D%3BBenavides%2C+Gina+B%3BSartor%2C+Maureen%3BYoon%2C+Lawrence%3BWolf%2C+Douglas+C%3BMorgan%2C+Kevin+T&rft.aulast=Hester&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2002-02-20&rft.volume=285&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=301&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Gene&rft.issn=03781119&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-06-24 N1 - Date created - 2002-05-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fish tissue quality in near-coastal areas of the Gulf of Mexico receiving point source discharges AN - 16131799; 5343554 AB - The objective of this study was to determine inorganic and organic contaminant concentrations in edible tissue of fish collected from eight coastal areas receiving wastewater discharges and from two reference locations. Trace metal residues were statistically similar regardless of the collection site. Zinc (100% detection in all samples), total mercury (100%), total arsenic (92%), copper (92%), and selenium (88%) were the more commonly detected trace metals. Mercury concentrations exceeded the Florida health-based standard of 0.5 mu g/g for limited fish consumption in 30% of the total samples and averaged 0.40 ( plus or minus 1 S.D. = 0.22, range less than or equal to 0.08 to 0.85) mu g/g wet weight. The average total PAH concentrations were 1.79 ( plus or minus 1.60) ng/g (reference areas) and 2.17 ( plus or minus 3.29) ng/g (wastewater-impacted areas). Pyrene was detected most frequently (63% of the total samples) and averaged 0.74 ( plus or minus 0.35) ng/g wet wt. The average total PCB concentrations were 4.8 ( plus or minus 7.1) ng/g (reference areas) and 31.6 ( plus or minus 31.3) ng/g (wastewater-impacted areas) Concentrations of dieldrin and cis-chlordane were approximately eight times greater, respectively, in fish collected from wastewater receiving waters, whereas total DDT and total pesticide concentrations were not elevated in the same areas. Concentrations of total PCBs and all chlorinated pesticides were below US health-based standards. The lack of a published reference data base for fish tissue quality in near-coastal areas of the Gulf of Mexico restricts an assessment of the environmental significance of results from this and similar studies investigating the fate of point source contaminants. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Lewis, MA AU - Scott, GI AU - Bearden, D W AU - Quarles, R L AU - Moore, J AU - Strozier, ED AU - Sivertsen, S K AU - Dias, A R AU - Sanders, M AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, ORD, NHEERL, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA, lewis.michael@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/02/04/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Feb 04 SP - 249 EP - 261 VL - 284 IS - 1-3 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - pyrene KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Copper KW - Tissue Analysis KW - Public health KW - Mercury in fish KW - Aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Fish fillets KW - PCB KW - ASW, USA, Florida KW - Dieldrin KW - Metals in fish KW - Seawater pollution effects on marine life KW - Coastal waters KW - Trace Metals KW - Mexico Gulf KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - DDT KW - Mercury KW - Fish KW - Organic Compounds KW - Wastewater KW - Fishery products KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - Pollution effects KW - Pisces KW - Selenium KW - Zinc KW - Receiving Waters KW - Seafood KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Arsenic KW - Chlordane KW - Fish contamination KW - Food contamination KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Marine pollution KW - Pesticides KW - Wastewater discharges KW - Waste water KW - Trace metals KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants KW - M2 551.46:General (551.46) KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms KW - Q1 08627:Food quality and standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16131799?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Fish+tissue+quality+in+near-coastal+areas+of+the+Gulf+of+Mexico+receiving+point+source+discharges&rft.au=Lewis%2C+MA%3BScott%2C+GI%3BBearden%2C+D+W%3BQuarles%2C+R+L%3BMoore%2C+J%3BStrozier%2C+ED%3BSivertsen%2C+S+K%3BDias%2C+A+R%3BSanders%2C+M&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=2002-02-04&rft.volume=284&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=249&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arsenic; Pollution effects; Copper; Public health; Selenium; Bioaccumulation; Zinc; Pesticides; Mercury; Aromatic hydrocarbons; Seafood; Fish fillets; Trace metals; PCB; Fishery products; Marine pollution; Chlordane; Dieldrin; DDT; Food contamination; Coastal waters; Waste water; Mercury in fish; Fish contamination; Metals in fish; Seawater pollution effects on marine life; Wastewater discharges; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Tissue Analysis; Trace Metals; Water Pollution Effects; Receiving Waters; Fish; Organic Compounds; Wastewater; Pisces; ASW, Mexico Gulf; ASW, USA, Florida; Mexico Gulf ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of opening windows on air change rates in two homes. AN - 72917538; 15143789 AB - More than 300 air change rate experiments were completed in two occupied residences: a two-story detached house in Redwood City, CA, and a three-story townhouse in Reston, VA. A continuous monitor was used to measure the decay of SF6 tracer gas over periods of 1-18 hr. Each experiment first included a measurement of the air change rate with all exterior doors and windows closed (State 0), then a measurement with the single change from State 0 conditions of opening one or more windows. The overall average State 0 air change rate was 0.37 air changes per hour (hr(-1)) (SD = 0.10 hr(-1); n = 112) for the California house and 0.41 hr(-1) (SD = 0.19 hr(-1); n = 203) for the Virginia house. Indoor/outdoor temperature differences appeared to be responsible for the variation at the Virginia house of 0.15-0.85 hr(-1) when windows were closed. Opening a single window increased the State 0 air change rate by an amount roughly proportional to the width of the opening, reaching increments as high as 0.80 hr(-1) in the California house and 1.3 hr(-1) in the Virginia house. Multiple window openings increased the air change rate by amounts ranging from 0.10 to 2.8 hr(-1) in the California house and from 0.49 to 1.7 hr(-1) in the Virginia house. Compared with temperature differences and wind effects, opening windows produced the greatest increase in the air change rates measured in both homes. Results of this study indicate the importance of occupant window-opening behavior on a home's air change rate and the consequent need to incorporate this factor when estimating human exposure to indoor air pollutants. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995) AU - Howard-Reed, Cynthia AU - Wallace, Lance A AU - Ott, Wayne R AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Reston, Virginia, USA. chreed@nist.gov Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 147 EP - 159 VL - 52 IS - 2 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Gases KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - California KW - Gases -- analysis KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Algorithms KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Ventilation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72917538?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+opening+windows+on+air+change+rates+in+two+homes.&rft.au=Howard-Reed%2C+Cynthia%3BWallace%2C+Lance+A%3BOtt%2C+Wayne+R&rft.aulast=Howard-Reed&rft.aufirst=Cynthia&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-06-04 N1 - Date created - 2004-05-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Particulate matter inflammation and receptor sensitivity are target cell specific. AN - 71912043; 12122578 AB - The complexity of primary source particulate matter (PM) and the various cell types encountered by its inhalation raise the possibility that target cells are differentially activated. Since epithelial cells, which line the nasal-tracheal-bronchial airways, and sensory C fibers, which terminate throughout this epithelial layer, are initially targeted by inhaled PM, we compared their relative biological response in vitro to PM originating from volcanic (MSH), anthropogenic (diesel), residential (woodstove), urban ambient (St. Louis, Ottawa), and industrial emission (coal fly ash, CFA; residual oil fly ash, ROFA; oil fly ash, OFA) sources. Increases in intracellular calcium (i.e., [Ca(2+)](i)) are a second-messenger event that indicates cellular activation and signal transduction, in both nerve and epithelial cells. Single-cell calcium imaging recordings were taken of human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) exposed to selected PM (50 microg/ml or 30 microg/cm(2)). These cells responded with variable increases in [Ca(2+)](i) ranging from abrupt increases, which returned to baseline upon washing of the cells, to oscillations of the [Ca(2+)](i) that did not wash out. Increases in [Ca(2+)](i) and inflammatory cytokine (i.e., interleukin 6, IL-6) release were measured in populations of BEAS-2B cells exposed to PM (50 microg/ml) and were shown to significantly correlate (r(2) =.80). BEAS-2B cells, stained histochemically with cobalt, displayed a concentration-dependent precipitation in response to acid pH and capsaicin, indicating the presence of acid-sensitive pathways (e.g., VR1 and acid-sensitive receptors). To demonstrate the relevance of these pathways to inflammatory cytokine (i.e., IL-6) release, BEAS-2B cells were pretreated (15 min) with antagonists to the vanilloid (VR1) receptor (i.e., capsazepine, CPZ) or acid-sensitive pathways (i.e., amiloride) before their exposure to the selected PM. A significant reduction of IL-6 release occurred in response to all PM, except for MSH and diesel exhaust. Dorsal root ganglia (DRG), which innervate the tracheal airways, were dissociated from fetal mice and pretreated with CPZ or amiloride before exposure (4 h) to the selected PM (50 microg/ml). Overall, significantly higher release occurred in PM-exposed sensory neurons relative to that of BEAS-2B epithelial cells. Although both CPZ and amiloride significantly reduced IL-6 release for all PM, the degree of inhibition was less for the PM-exposed DRG relative to BEAS-2B cells. These data show that differential increases in [Ca(2+)](i) and IL-6 release occur in BEAS-2B epithelial cells and DRG sensory neurons, when exposed to PM derived from different sources. The degree of this activation, however, depends not only on the source of the PM, but also on its cellular target. This differential sensitivity of target cells may contribute to the organism's overall inflammatory response to PM exposure. JF - Inhalation toxicology AU - Veronesi, Bellina AU - de Haar, Colin AU - Roy, Josee AU - Oortgiesen, Marga AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, NHEERL, NTD MD 74B, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. veronesi.bellina@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 159 EP - 183 VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0895-8378, 0895-8378 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Interleukin-6 KW - Receptors, Drug KW - Capsaicin KW - S07O44R1ZM KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Mice KW - Interleukin-6 -- biosynthesis KW - Cell Line KW - Capsaicin -- pharmacology KW - Neurons -- metabolism KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Air Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Epithelial Cells -- metabolism KW - Epithelial Cells -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Drug -- drug effects KW - Ganglia, Spinal -- metabolism KW - Ganglia, Spinal -- pathology KW - Trachea -- pathology KW - Trachea -- metabolism KW - Ganglia, Spinal -- drug effects KW - Trachea -- drug effects KW - Air Pollutants -- chemistry KW - Receptors, Drug -- antagonists & inhibitors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71912043?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Inhalation+toxicology&rft.atitle=Particulate+matter+inflammation+and+receptor+sensitivity+are+target+cell+specific.&rft.au=Veronesi%2C+Bellina%3Bde+Haar%2C+Colin%3BRoy%2C+Josee%3BOortgiesen%2C+Marga&rft.aulast=Veronesi&rft.aufirst=Bellina&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Inhalation+toxicology&rft.issn=08958378&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-12 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Defining, explaining and understanding hormesis. AN - 71892997; 12102493 AB - A problem that hormesis has in being more scientifically accepted is (1) proving that only one mechanism accounts for both the 'beneficial' and 'toxic' parts of the biphasic dose-response curve and (2) giving substantial evidence against the interpretation that 'hormesis' is the sum of many different mechanisms which add up to either 'beneficial' or 'toxic' in two different parts of the dose-response curve. Hormesis may consist of a initial beneficial dose region where several mechanisms are operating (just for the sake of argument let us say 3 mechanisms) and the overall sum of these 3 mechanisms is 'beneficial' to the organism. At higher, toxic, doses, many more mechanisms are operating (just for the sake of argument let us say 8 mechanisms) and the sum of all these 8 mechanisms puts the organism in the 'toxic' part of the biphasic dose-response curve. JF - Human & experimental toxicology AU - Kitchin, K T AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. kitchin.kirk@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 105 EP - 6; discussion 113-4 VL - 21 IS - 2 SN - 0960-3271, 0960-3271 KW - Receptors, Drug KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Chromosome Aberrations -- drug effects KW - No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level KW - Receptors, Drug -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Chromosome Aberrations -- radiation effects KW - Receptors, Drug -- radiation effects KW - Humans KW - Risk Management KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Models, Biological KW - Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Adaptation, Physiological -- drug effects KW - Adaptation, Physiological -- radiation effects KW - Adaptation, Physiological -- physiology KW - Homeostasis -- radiation effects KW - Homeostasis -- physiology KW - Homeostasis -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71892997?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+%26+experimental+toxicology&rft.atitle=Defining%2C+explaining+and+understanding+hormesis.&rft.au=Kitchin%2C+K+T&rft.aulast=Kitchin&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+%26+experimental+toxicology&rft.issn=09603271&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-02-07 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment On: Hum Exp Toxicol. 2002 Feb;21(2):91-7 [12102503] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of substrate salinity on early seedling survival and growth of Scirpus robustus Pursh and Spartina alterniflora Loisel. AN - 71522933; 11895013 AB - Rooted aquatic plants are being used increasingly to test the toxicity of sediments. However, effects of naturally occurring substrate constituents on most potential test species are not well understood even though their effects could affect the test results. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of substrate salinity (NaCl) on early seedling survival and growth of the emergent macrophytes, Scirpus robustus Pursh and Spartina alterniflora Loisel. Results of four 21- and 28-day toxicity tests, conducted in an artificial sediment, indicated interspecific differences in NaCl sensitivity when based on changes in shoot, root and whole plant dry-weight biomass. Concentrations of 7.8 g NaCl/l and 19.2 g NaCl/l first reduced early seedling biomass of S. robustus and S. alterniflora (P<0.05), respectively, when compared to plants grown in sediment containing no measurable salinity. Seedling survival was not affected at average concentrations of 17.5 g NaCl/l or less for S. robustus and 22.3 g NaCl/l or less for S. alterniflora. The results indicate that substrate salinity is an important consideration in the selection of test species for laboratory phytotoxicity tests conducted with estuarine sediments, particularly if determination of chronic toxicity attributable to anthropogenic contamination is the primary objective. JF - Ecotoxicology (London, England) AU - Lewis, Michael A AU - Weber, David E AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effect, Gulf Ecology Division, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561-5299, USA. lewis.michael@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 19 EP - 26 VL - 11 IS - 1 SN - 0963-9292, 0963-9292 KW - Water Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Sodium Chloride KW - 451W47IQ8X KW - Index Medicus KW - Water Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Plant Roots -- growth & development KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Survival KW - Geologic Sediments -- chemistry KW - Poaceae -- growth & development KW - Cyperaceae -- growth & development KW - Sodium Chloride -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71522933?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+%28London%2C+England%29&rft.atitle=Effects+of+substrate+salinity+on+early+seedling+survival+and+growth+of+Scirpus+robustus+Pursh+and+Spartina+alterniflora+Loisel.&rft.au=Lewis%2C+Michael+A%3BWeber%2C+David+E&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+%28London%2C+England%29&rft.issn=09639292&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-20 N1 - Date created - 2002-03-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Derivation of nutrient guidelines for streams in Victoria, Australia. AN - 71521488; 11893162 AB - Human induced increases to nutrient concentrations in streams have led to many agencies developing strategies and criteria for nutrient reduction. National or statewide guidelines are generally inappropriate, due to the natural variability in stream ecosystems within political boundaries. This study used an extant aquatic macroinvertebrate-based regionalisation for the state of Victoria, Australia, as the basis for defining regions of relatively homogeneous environmental character. This enabled the selection of ecologically-based regional reference sites and subsequent characterisation of the nutrient status of these sites. Using an extensive biological and nutrient data base for streams across the State, we calculated 50th and 75th percentile concentrations for reference sites within each region. Using these percentiles in conjunction with 'impact and recovery' studies, we defined nutrient guidelines for each region. Although the nutrient data largely supported the biological regionalisation, patterns in the nutrient data did require some minor modifications for the nutrient regions. Relatively unimpacted regions with reference sites in very good-to excellent-condition were assigned guidelines largely based on the 75th percentiles. The more impacted regions, where 'best available' reference sites were of poorer quality, were assigned guidelines based largely on the 50th percentiles. Professional judgement and known extents of impacts across each region provided important contributions to the decision-making process. The derived guideline concentrations are comparable to several cited in the literature and are proposed for use in monitoring, assessment and restoration targets. JF - Environmental monitoring and assessment AU - Newall, P AU - Tiller, D AD - Co-operative Research Centre for Freshwater Ecology, Environment Protection Authority, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. peter.newall@epa.vic.gov.au Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 85 EP - 103 VL - 74 IS - 1 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Animals KW - Victoria KW - Fresh Water -- chemistry KW - Fresh Water -- analysis KW - Population Dynamics KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Quality Control KW - Water -- standards KW - Water Pollution -- analysis KW - Ecosystem KW - Water Pollution -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71521488?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.atitle=Derivation+of+nutrient+guidelines+for+streams+in+Victoria%2C+Australia.&rft.au=Newall%2C+P%3BTiller%2C+D&rft.aulast=Newall&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-10-16 N1 - Date created - 2002-03-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Examples of the role of analytical chemistry in environmental risk management research. AN - 71492456; 11871689 AB - Analytical chemistry is an important tier of environmental protection and has been traditionally linked to compliance and/or exposure monitoring activities for environmental contaminants. The adoption of the risk management paradigm has led to special challenges for analytical chemistry applied to environmental risk analysis. Namely, methods developed for regulated contaminants may not be appropriate and/or applicable to risk management scenarios. This paper contains examples of analytical chemistry applied to risk management challenges broken down by the analytical approach and analyte for some selected work in our laboratory. Specific techniques discussed include stable association complex electrospray mass spectrometry (cESI-MS), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), split-flow thin cell (SPLITT) fractionation and matrix-assisted laser desorption time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-ToF-MS). Specific analytes include haloacetic acids (HAA9), perchlorate, bromate, triazine degradation products, metal-contaminated colloids and Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts. JF - Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM AU - Magnuson, Matthew L AU - Kelty, Catherine A AU - Urbansky, Edward T AU - Owens, James H AU - Kelty, Keith C AU - Speth, Thomas F AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. magnuson.matthew@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 102 EP - 108 VL - 4 IS - 1 SN - 1464-0325, 1464-0325 KW - Acetates KW - 0 KW - Colloids KW - Herbicides KW - Perchlorates KW - Sodium Compounds KW - Triazines KW - Water Pollutants KW - sodium perchlorate KW - 97F4MTY3VA KW - Index Medicus KW - Sodium Compounds -- analysis KW - Cryptosporidium parvum -- isolation & purification KW - Animals KW - Acetates -- analysis KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry -- methods KW - Herbicides -- analysis KW - Mass Spectrometry -- methods KW - Perchlorates -- analysis KW - Risk Assessment KW - Water Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71492456?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+monitoring+%3A+JEM&rft.atitle=Examples+of+the+role+of+analytical+chemistry+in+environmental+risk+management+research.&rft.au=Magnuson%2C+Matthew+L%3BKelty%2C+Catherine+A%3BUrbansky%2C+Edward+T%3BOwens%2C+James+H%3BKelty%2C+Keith+C%3BSpeth%2C+Thomas+F&rft.aulast=Magnuson&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=102&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+monitoring+%3A+JEM&rft.issn=14640325&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-20 N1 - Date created - 2002-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of GC-MS and LC-MS in the discovery of drinking water disinfection by-products. AN - 71490761; 11871687 AB - Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has played a pivotal role in the discovery of disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water. DBPs are formed when disinfectants, such as chlorine, ozone, chlorine dioxide or chloramine, react with natural organic matter in the water. The first DBP known--chloroform--was identified by Rook in 1974 using GC-MS. Soon thereafter, chloroform and other trihalomethanes were found to be ubiquitous in chlorinated drinking water. In 1976, the National Cancer Institute published results linking chloroform to cancer in laboratory animals, and an important public health issue was born. Mass spectrometry and, specifically, GC-MS became the key tool used for measuring these DBPs in water and for discovering other DBPs that were formed. Over the last 25 years, hundreds of DBPs have been identified, mostly through the use of GC-MS, which has spawned additional health effects studies and regulations. Early on, GC with low resolution electron ionization (EI)-MS was used, together with confirmation with chemical standards, for identification work. Later, researchers utilized chemical ionization (CI)-MS to provide molecular weight information and high resolution El-MS to aid in the determination of empirical formulae for the molecular ions and fragments. More recently, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) with either electrospray ionization (ESI) or atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) has been used to try to uncover highly polar DBPs that most experts believe have been missed by earlier GC-MS studies. Despite 25 years of research in the identification of new DBPs, new ones are being discovered every year, even for chlorine which has been the most extensively studied. JF - Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM AU - Richardson, Susan D AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Athens, GA 30605, USA. richardson.susan@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 1 EP - 9 VL - 4 IS - 1 SN - 1464-0325, 1464-0325 KW - Disinfectants KW - 0 KW - Organic Chemicals KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Water Purification KW - Molecular Weight KW - Disinfectants -- chemistry KW - Water Supply KW - Disinfectants -- analysis KW - Chromatography, Gas -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71490761?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+monitoring+%3A+JEM&rft.atitle=The+role+of+GC-MS+and+LC-MS+in+the+discovery+of+drinking+water+disinfection+by-products.&rft.au=Richardson%2C+Susan+D&rft.aulast=Richardson&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+monitoring+%3A+JEM&rft.issn=14640325&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-20 N1 - Date created - 2002-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Appraisal of risks from nonoccupational exposure to chlorpyrifos. AN - 71449858; 11846640 AB - The toxicological database for chlorpyrifos indicates that humans are not more sensitive than laboratory animals to the toxic effects. Although an oral dose of 1 mg/kg-day resulted in measurable levels of chlorpyrifos in the blood, daily dosing at this level from 9 days to 2 years did not affect brain acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE) in laboratory animals. Developmental toxicity did not occur at doses below maternal toxicity. Most nonoccupational illnesses resulting from entry into areas treated with chlorpyrifos likely stem from odor, rather than the ability of the organophosphate to inhibit AChE. Based on biological monitoring studies, chronic aggregate nonoccupational exposures to chlorpyrifos ranged from 0.0002 mg/kg-day (adults) to 0.0005 mg/kg-day (infants and small children)-1 order of magnitude less than exposures estimated by standard procedures. Other biological monitoring data indicated that cumulative exposure to all organophosphate pesticides ranged from 0.0003 mg/kg-day (adults) to 0.003 mg/kg-day (children). Considering all these factors, the risks of aggregate, nonoccupational exposure to chlorpyrifos have been overstated by more than a 1000-fold. © 2002 Elsevier Science (USA). JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Cochran, R C AD - Department of Pesticide Regulation, California Environmental Protection Agency, Sacramento, California 95812, USA. rcochran@cdpr.ca.gov Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 105 EP - 121 VL - 35 IS - 1 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - Insecticides KW - Acetylcholinesterase KW - EC 3.1.1.7 KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - JCS58I644W KW - Index Medicus KW - Acute Disease KW - Animals KW - Endpoint Determination KW - Humans KW - Child KW - Risk Assessment KW - Pregnancy KW - Child, Preschool KW - Infant KW - Animals, Newborn KW - Adult KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Female KW - Male KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Brain -- enzymology KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- toxicity KW - Chlorpyrifos -- toxicity KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Acetylcholinesterase -- metabolism KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Insecticides -- pharmacokinetics KW - Chlorpyrifos -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71449858?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=Appraisal+of+risks+from+nonoccupational+exposure+to+chlorpyrifos.&rft.au=Cochran%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Cochran&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-04-02 N1 - Date created - 2002-02-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of mechanism-based structure-activity relationships analysis in carcinogenic potential ranking for drinking water disinfection by-products. AN - 71448502; 11834465 AB - Disinfection by-products (DBPs) are formed when disinfectants such as chlorine, chloramine, and ozone react with organic and inorganic matter in water. The observations that some DBPs such as trihalomethanes (THMs), di-/trichloroacetic acids, and 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (MX) are carcinogenic in animal studies have raised public concern over the possible adverse health effects of DBPs. To date, several hundred DBPs have been identified. To prioritize research efforts, an in-depth, mechanism-based structure-activity relationship analysis, supplemented by extensive literature search for genotoxicity and other data, was conducted for ranking the carcinogenic potential of DBPs that met the following criteria: a) detected in actual drinking water samples, b) have insufficient cancer bioassay data for risk assessment, and c) have structural features/alerts or short-term predictive assays indicative of carcinogenic potential. A semiquantitative concern rating scale of low, marginal, low-moderate, moderate, high-moderate, and high was used along with delineation of scientific rationale. Of the 209 DBPs analyzed, 20 were of priority concern with a moderate or high-moderate rating. Of these, four were structural analogs of MX and five were haloalkanes that presumably will be controlled by existing and future THM regulations. The other eleven DBPs, which included halonitriles (6), haloketones (2), haloaldehyde (1), halonitroalkane (1), and dialdehyde (1), are suitable priority candidates for future carcinogenicity testing and/or mechanistic studies. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Woo, Yin-Tak AU - Lai, David AU - McLain, Jennifer L AU - Manibusan, Mary Ko AU - Dellarco, Vicki AD - Office of Prevention, Pesticides, and Toxic Substances, Risk Assessment Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA. Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 75 EP - 87 VL - 110 Suppl 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Chlorine Compounds KW - Disinfectants KW - Trihalomethanes KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - DNA Damage KW - Humans KW - Chlorine Compounds -- adverse effects KW - Trihalomethanes -- adverse effects KW - Biological Assay KW - Water Purification KW - Animals, Laboratory KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Risk Assessment KW - Disinfectants -- adverse effects KW - Disinfectants -- chemistry KW - Water Supply KW - Carcinogens -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71448502?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Use+of+mechanism-based+structure-activity+relationships+analysis+in+carcinogenic+potential+ranking+for+drinking+water+disinfection+by-products.&rft.au=Woo%2C+Yin-Tak%3BLai%2C+David%3BMcLain%2C+Jennifer+L%3BManibusan%2C+Mary+Ko%3BDellarco%2C+Vicki&rft.aulast=Woo&rft.aufirst=Yin-Tak&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=110+Suppl+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-03-12 N1 - Date created - 2002-02-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1999 Nov;23(11):1705-10 [10591585] Mutat Res. 1996 Sep;365(1-3):3-15 [8898986] Cancer Lett. 2000 Feb 28;149(1-2):69-76 [10737710] Chemosphere. 2000 Sep;41(6):843-8 [10864156] Toxicol In Vitro. 2000 Aug;14(4):387-99 [10906445] Environ Mol Mutagen. 2000;36(1):52-8 [10918360] Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol. 1974 Aug;8(4):703-6 [4153624] Drug Alcohol Depend. 1979 Jan-Mar;4(1-2):91-4 [574448] Environ Mutagen. 1985;7(2):163-70 [3971956] Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 1985 Sep;5(3):294-313 [3903881] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1985 Dec;5(6 Pt 1):1065-74 [4092869] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1986 Apr;6(3):447-53 [3699330] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1986 Oct;77(4):941-9 [3463822] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1987 Sep;39(3):549-54 [3664010] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1987 Oct;91(1):46-54 [3313810] Am J Public Health. 1997 Jul;87(7):1168-76 [9240108] Cancer Causes Control. 1997 Sep;8(5):738-44 [9328196] Carcinogenesis. 1997 Nov;18(11):2101-6 [9395208] Cancer Causes Control. 1996 Nov;7(6):596-604 [8932920] Toxicology. 1996 Dec 18;114(3):207-21 [8980710] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1997 May;144(1):183-8 [9169083] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1997 Jun 18;89(12):848-56 [9196250] Epidemiology. 1998 Jan;9(1):21-8 [9430264] Epidemiology. 1998 Jan;9(1):29-35 [9430265] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1997;30(4):440-7 [9435885] Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1998 Mar;217(3):288-92 [9492337] Mutat Res. 1999 Feb 19;439(2):233-8 [10023070] Toxicology. 1999 May 3;134(1):1-8 [10413183] Environ Health Perspect. 1999 Feb;107 Suppl 1:207-17 [10229719] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1987 Dec;79(6):1269-79 [3480378] Mutat Res. 1988 Oct;206(2):177-82 [3050498] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1989 Sep 1;100(2):271-9 [2781558] Cancer Lett. 1989 Dec;48(3):197-203 [2605568] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1991;17(1):40-8 [1991459] Chem Res Toxicol. 1991 Jan-Feb;4(1):35-40 [1912298] Mutagenesis. 1993 Mar;8(2):127-31 [8464381] Am J Epidemiol. 1993 Oct 1;138(7):492-501 [8213753] Mutagenesis. 1994 Jan;9(1):7-15 [8208133] Mutat Res. 1994 Nov;341(1):1-15 [7523939] Mutat Res. 1995 Feb;341(4):289-302 [7531288] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1994;24(4):317-24 [7851344] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1995;25(4):284-7 [7607182] Mol Carcinog. 1995 Feb;12(2):110-7 [7662116] Toxicol Lett. 1995 Sep;79(1-3):219-28 [7570659] Carcinogenesis. 1996 Jan;17(1):163-6 [8565128] Mutagenesis. 1996 Jan;11(1):95-100 [8671723] J Toxicol Environ Health A. 1999 Dec 24;58(8):485-507 [10632141] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of fractions from biodegraded Alaska North Slope crude oil on embryonic inland silversides, Menidia beryllina. AN - 71406713; 11815816 AB - Embryonic inland silversides, Meinida beryllina, were exposed to neutral, water-soluble fractions (WSFs) resulting from microbial degradation of artificially weathered Alaska North Slope (ANS) crude oil. Three individual microbes obtained from Prince William Sound, Alaska, and designated Phe#6 (enriched on phenanthrene), Hexaco#2 (enriched on the straight-chain alkane, hexacosane), and EI2V (grown by enrichment on Bushnell-Haas medium containing 0.2% pristane, a branched alkane) were used to individually biodegrade weathered ANS crude oil for 14 days in darkness in 20-L glass carboys containing nutrient enriched, sterilized 20% salinity sea water at 20 +/- 1 degrees C. Neutral WSFs resulting from biodegradation of ANS (lot 521) by each microbe were recovered and weighted. Neutral WSFs recovered were: 1.76 mg/L for Phe#6, 1.85 mg/L for Hexaco#2, and 13.02 mg/L for the EI2V microbe. Embryo toxicity and teratogenicity tests revealed that exposure of embryos to the WSFs from the EI2V incubation (with a total recovered neutral fraction approximately seven times greater than the Phe#6 and Hexaco#2 incubations) resulted in the most severe responses in craniofacial, cardiovascular, and skeletal organ systems. The total neutral WSFs recovered from the EI2V biodegradation of weathered ANS 521 were subfractionated into saturated (eluted with hexane), aromatic (eluted with CH2Cl2), polar (eluted with ethyl ether), and recombined (saturated + aromatic + polar) fractions. Developing fish embryos were then exposed to each subfraction and the recombined subfractions. The polar subfraction and recombined subfractions proved to be the most embryo toxic and teratogenic. They resulted in statistically significant (p < or = 0.05) responses (compared to controls) for craniofacial, cardiovascular, skeletal, and total severity effects in one or both tests with these subfractions. JF - Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Middaugh, D P AU - Chapman, P J AU - Shelton, M E AU - McKenney Jr, C L AU - Courtney, L A AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561, USA. dmidda@aol.com Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 236 EP - 243 VL - 42 IS - 2 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Petroleum KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Embryo, Nonmammalian -- drug effects KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects KW - Petroleum -- toxicity KW - Congenital Abnormalities -- veterinary KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Fishes KW - Congenital Abnormalities -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71406713?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+fractions+from+biodegraded+Alaska+North+Slope+crude+oil+on+embryonic+inland+silversides%2C+Menidia+beryllina.&rft.au=Middaugh%2C+D+P%3BChapman%2C+P+J%3BShelton%2C+M+E%3BMcKenney+Jr%2C+C+L%3BCourtney%2C+L+A&rft.aulast=Middaugh&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=236&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-03-19 N1 - Date created - 2002-01-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Natural attenuation reactions at a uranium mill tailings site, Western U. S. A. AN - 52136209; 2002-016663 JF - Ground Water AU - Zhu, Chen AU - Anderson, Greg M AU - Burden, David S Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 5 EP - 13 PB - National Ground Water Association, Urbana, IL VL - 40 IS - 1 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - United States KW - isotope fractionation KW - Bear Creek Uranium KW - isotopes KW - reclamation KW - seepage KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - attenuation KW - mitigation KW - radioactive isotopes KW - mass transfer KW - chemical composition KW - Powder River basin KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Natrona County Wyoming KW - aquifers KW - Wyoming KW - uranium ores KW - mathematical methods KW - metal ores KW - tailings KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52136209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Natural+attenuation+reactions+at+a+uranium+mill+tailings+site%2C+Western+U.+S.+A.&rft.au=Zhu%2C+Chen%3BAnderson%2C+Greg+M%3BBurden%2C+David+S&rft.aulast=Zhu&rft.aufirst=Chen&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; attenuation; Bear Creek Uranium; chemical composition; chemical fractionation; ground water; isotope fractionation; isotopes; mass transfer; mathematical methods; metal ores; mitigation; Natrona County Wyoming; pollutants; pollution; Powder River basin; radioactive isotopes; reclamation; remediation; seepage; tailings; United States; uranium ores; Wyoming ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A combined GIS and HEC model for the analysis of the effect of urbanization on flooding; the Swan Creek watershed, Ohio AN - 52070589; 2002-064359 AB - This study investigates the effects of changes in land-use on the hydrology of the Swan Creek watershed in Lucas County, Ohio, over a thirty-year period. The study presents the GIS based runoff models and the HEC-RAS Flood analysis for the watershed. The runoff modeling was performed using a modification of the rational formula first proposed by Rossmiller in 1980. The C factor (land use) in the rational equation (Q = CIA) is modified to account for land use, soil type and slope factors. Four model runs for each of the land-use coverages were created based on the statistical precipitation recurrence intervals: P (sub 10) , P (sub 25) , P (sub 50) , P (sub 100) (a total of 12 model runs). The models differed only in the basic land-use classifications for each decade of interest. The runoff analysis predicts that increased runoff volumes in the watershed are directly related to increasing urbanization. The study showed that runoff volumes of a P (sub 100) storm in 1973 of certain sub-basins has the equivalent runoff of a P (sub 10) storm in 1995. The flood modeling was performed in the Army Corps of Engineer's Hydrologic Engineering Center's River Analysis System (HEC-RAS). Twelve model runs were also created in HEC-RAS to evaluate the effect of the land-use changes in each of the time periods for each of the storms. The study showed that flood extent of a P (sub 50) storm in 1973 across the watershed has the equivalent flood extent of a P (sub 10) storm in 1995. The flood modeling predicts that the Swan Creek hydrologic system responds more quickly and severely today to events that would have been smaller in the past. JF - Environmental & Engineering Geoscience AU - Wiles, Jason J AU - Levine, Norman S Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 47 EP - 61 PB - Association of Engineering Geologists and the Geological Society of America, College Station, TX VL - 8 IS - 1 SN - 1078-7275, 1078-7275 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - geologic hazards KW - Hydrologic Engineering Center-River Analysis System model KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - rivers and streams KW - watersheds KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - urbanization KW - HEC-RAS model KW - environmental effects KW - models KW - geographic information systems KW - runoff KW - Lucas County Ohio KW - floods KW - information systems KW - Swan Creek KW - Ohio KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52070589?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+%26+Engineering+Geoscience&rft.atitle=A+combined+GIS+and+HEC+model+for+the+analysis+of+the+effect+of+urbanization+on+flooding%3B+the+Swan+Creek+watershed%2C+Ohio&rft.au=Wiles%2C+Jason+J%3BLevine%2C+Norman+S&rft.aulast=Wiles&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+%26+Engineering+Geoscience&rft.issn=10787275&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eeg.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ENGEA9 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitation; environmental effects; floods; geographic information systems; geologic hazards; HEC-RAS model; Hydrologic Engineering Center-River Analysis System model; hydrology; information systems; Lucas County Ohio; models; Ohio; rivers and streams; runoff; statistical analysis; surface water; Swan Creek; United States; urbanization; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Walnut Creek nonpoint source monitoring project; background and land use changes AN - 50893230; 2003-054477 JF - Technical Information Series - Iowa Geological Survey AU - Schilling, Keith E AU - Boekhoff, Janice L AU - Hubbard, T AU - Luzier, J Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 3 EP - 14 PB - Iowa Department of Natural Resources. Geological Survey Bureau, Des Moines, IA SN - 0270-9066, 0270-9066 KW - Walnut Creek KW - United States KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - best management practices KW - programs KW - fertilizers KW - land cover KW - monitoring KW - stream sediments KW - herbicides KW - drainage KW - watersheds KW - pollution KW - nonpoint sources KW - Iowa KW - sediments KW - pesticides KW - Jasper County Iowa KW - fluvial environment KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50893230?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Technical+Information+Series+-+Iowa+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Walnut+Creek+nonpoint+source+monitoring+project%3B+background+and+land+use+changes&rft.au=Schilling%2C+Keith+E%3BBoekhoff%2C+Janice+L%3BHubbard%2C+T%3BLuzier%2C+J&rft.aulast=Schilling&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Technical+Information+Series+-+Iowa+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=02709066&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - IA N1 - Document feature - 5 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - best management practices; drainage; fertilizers; fluvial environment; herbicides; hydrology; Iowa; Jasper County Iowa; land cover; land use; monitoring; nonpoint sources; pesticides; pollution; programs; sediments; soils; stream sediments; United States; Walnut Creek; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - NO (sub 3) -N, Cl and SO (sub 4) concentrations, loads and trends in surface water in Walnut and Squaw Creek watersheds AN - 50892600; 2003-054478 JF - Technical Information Series - Iowa Geological Survey AU - Schilling, Keith E AU - Boekhoff, Janice L AU - Hubbard, T AU - Luzier, J Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 15 EP - 30 PB - Iowa Department of Natural Resources. Geological Survey Bureau, Des Moines, IA SN - 0270-9066, 0270-9066 KW - Walnut Creek KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - chlorine KW - water quality KW - concentration KW - sulfate ion KW - patterns KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - halogens KW - watersheds KW - Marion County Iowa KW - Iowa KW - hydrochemistry KW - variations KW - nitrogen KW - Squaw Creek KW - chloride ion KW - nitrate ion KW - Jasper County Iowa KW - geochemistry KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50892600?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Technical+Information+Series+-+Iowa+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=NO+%28sub+3%29+-N%2C+Cl+and+SO+%28sub+4%29+concentrations%2C+loads+and+trends+in+surface+water+in+Walnut+and+Squaw+Creek+watersheds&rft.au=Schilling%2C+Keith+E%3BBoekhoff%2C+Janice+L%3BHubbard%2C+T%3BLuzier%2C+J&rft.aulast=Schilling&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Technical+Information+Series+-+Iowa+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=02709066&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - IA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chloride ion; chlorine; concentration; geochemistry; halogens; hydrochemistry; hydrology; Iowa; Jasper County Iowa; Marion County Iowa; nitrate ion; nitrogen; patterns; Squaw Creek; statistical analysis; sulfate ion; surface water; United States; variations; Walnut Creek; water quality; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Herbicide concentrations, loads and trends in surface water in Walnut and Squaw Creek watersheds AN - 50890482; 2003-054479 JF - Technical Information Series - Iowa Geological Survey AU - Schilling, Keith E AU - Boekhoff, Janice L AU - Hubbard, T AU - Luzier, J Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 31 EP - 43 PB - Iowa Department of Natural Resources. Geological Survey Bureau, Des Moines, IA SN - 0270-9066, 0270-9066 KW - United States KW - watersheds KW - Iowa KW - environmental analysis KW - variations KW - triazines KW - geochemistry KW - Walnut Creek KW - hydrology KW - concentration KW - patterns KW - pollutants KW - herbicides KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - Marion County Iowa KW - hydrochemistry KW - organic compounds KW - Squaw Creek KW - atrazine KW - runoff KW - pesticides KW - Jasper County Iowa KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50890482?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Technical+Information+Series+-+Iowa+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Herbicide+concentrations%2C+loads+and+trends+in+surface+water+in+Walnut+and+Squaw+Creek+watersheds&rft.au=Schilling%2C+Keith+E%3BBoekhoff%2C+Janice+L%3BHubbard%2C+T%3BLuzier%2C+J&rft.aulast=Schilling&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Technical+Information+Series+-+Iowa+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=02709066&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - IA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atrazine; concentration; environmental analysis; geochemistry; herbicides; hydrochemistry; hydrology; Iowa; Jasper County Iowa; Marion County Iowa; organic compounds; patterns; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; runoff; Squaw Creek; statistical analysis; surface water; triazines; United States; variations; Walnut Creek; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reports on the Walnut Creek watershed monitoring project, Jasper County, Iowa; water years 1995-2000 AN - 50889626; 2003-054476 JF - Technical Information Series - Iowa Geological Survey AU - Schilling, Keith E AU - Boekhoff, Janice L AU - Hubbard, T AU - Luzier, J Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 75 PB - Iowa Department of Natural Resources. Geological Survey Bureau, Des Moines, IA SN - 0270-9066, 0270-9066 KW - United States KW - fertilizers KW - rivers and streams KW - watersheds KW - nonpoint sources KW - Iowa KW - ground water KW - agrochemicals KW - sediments KW - coliform bacteria KW - ecology KW - Walnut Creek KW - hydrology KW - programs KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - agriculture KW - pollution KW - biota KW - nutrients KW - bacteria KW - pesticides KW - Jasper County Iowa KW - aquatic environment KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50889626?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Schilling%2C+Keith+E%3BBoekhoff%2C+Janice+L%3BHubbard%2C+T%3BLuzier%2C+J&rft.aulast=Schilling&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Reports+on+the+Walnut+Creek+watershed+monitoring+project%2C+Jasper+County%2C+Iowa%3B+water+years+1995-2000&rft.title=Reports+on+the+Walnut+Creek+watershed+monitoring+project%2C+Jasper+County%2C+Iowa%3B+water+years+1995-2000&rft.issn=02709066&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - IA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Individual reports within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; agrochemicals; aquatic environment; bacteria; biota; coliform bacteria; ecology; fertilizers; ground water; hydrology; Iowa; Jasper County Iowa; land use; monitoring; nonpoint sources; nutrients; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; programs; rivers and streams; sediments; surface water; United States; Walnut Creek; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Summary of field measurements in surface water in Walnut and Squaw Creek watersheds AN - 50887912; 2003-054481 JF - Technical Information Series - Iowa Geological Survey AU - Boekhoff, Janice L AU - Schilling, Keith E AU - Hubbard, T AU - Luzier, J Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 53 EP - 58 PB - Iowa Department of Natural Resources. Geological Survey Bureau, Des Moines, IA SN - 0270-9066, 0270-9066 KW - Walnut Creek KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - water quality KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - watersheds KW - pollution KW - nonpoint sources KW - Marion County Iowa KW - Iowa KW - hydrochemistry KW - environmental analysis KW - measurement KW - Squaw Creek KW - transport KW - sampling KW - seasonal variations KW - Jasper County Iowa KW - geochemistry KW - field studies KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50887912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Technical+Information+Series+-+Iowa+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Summary+of+field+measurements+in+surface+water+in+Walnut+and+Squaw+Creek+watersheds&rft.au=Boekhoff%2C+Janice+L%3BSchilling%2C+Keith+E%3BHubbard%2C+T%3BLuzier%2C+J&rft.aulast=Boekhoff&rft.aufirst=Janice&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Technical+Information+Series+-+Iowa+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=02709066&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - IA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental analysis; field studies; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; hydrology; Iowa; Jasper County Iowa; Marion County Iowa; measurement; nonpoint sources; pollutants; pollution; sampling; seasonal variations; Squaw Creek; surface water; transport; United States; Walnut Creek; water quality; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fecal coliform concentrations and trends in surface water in Walnut and Squaw Creek watersheds AN - 50887409; 2003-054480 JF - Technical Information Series - Iowa Geological Survey AU - Schilling, Keith E AU - Boekhoff, Janice L AU - Hubbard, T AU - Luzier, J Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 45 EP - 51 PB - Iowa Department of Natural Resources. Geological Survey Bureau, Des Moines, IA SN - 0270-9066, 0270-9066 KW - Walnut Creek KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - water quality KW - concentration KW - patterns KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - agriculture KW - watersheds KW - pollution KW - nonpoint sources KW - Marion County Iowa KW - Iowa KW - variations KW - Squaw Creek KW - bacteria KW - coliform bacteria KW - Jasper County Iowa KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50887409?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Technical+Information+Series+-+Iowa+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Fecal+coliform+concentrations+and+trends+in+surface+water+in+Walnut+and+Squaw+Creek+watersheds&rft.au=Schilling%2C+Keith+E%3BBoekhoff%2C+Janice+L%3BHubbard%2C+T%3BLuzier%2C+J&rft.aulast=Schilling&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Technical+Information+Series+-+Iowa+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=02709066&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - IA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; bacteria; coliform bacteria; concentration; hydrology; Iowa; Jasper County Iowa; land use; Marion County Iowa; nonpoint sources; patterns; pollutants; pollution; Squaw Creek; statistical analysis; surface water; United States; variations; Walnut Creek; water quality; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Locating abandoned oil wells using geophysical methods near Glasgow, Kentucky AN - 50885598; 2005-046564 JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Sandberg, Stewart K AU - Newhart, Gary AU - Phillips, Robert AU - Powell, Greg AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 EP - P9 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 2002 KW - United States KW - geophysical surveys KW - Boyds Creek Field KW - pollutants KW - drainage KW - surface water KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - magnetic anomalies KW - abandoned oil wells KW - Barren County Kentucky KW - petroleum products KW - Glasgow Kentucky KW - ground water KW - oil wells KW - detection KW - transport KW - identification KW - electromagnetic methods KW - surveys KW - Kentucky KW - geophysical profiles KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50885598?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=Locating+abandoned+oil+wells+using+geophysical+methods+near+Glasgow%2C+Kentucky&rft.au=Sandberg%2C+Stewart+K%3BNewhart%2C+Gary%3BPhillips%2C+Robert%3BPowell%2C+Greg%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Sandberg&rft.aufirst=Stewart&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=2002&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on The application of geophysics to environmental and engineering problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - abandoned oil wells; Barren County Kentucky; Boyds Creek Field; detection; drainage; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; Glasgow Kentucky; ground water; identification; Kentucky; magnetic anomalies; oil wells; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; surface water; surveys; transport; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biologic effects of oil fly ash. AN - 21257701; 11702272 AB - Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated increased human morbidity and mortality with elevations in the concentration of ambient air particulate matter (PM). Fugitive fly ash from the combustion of oil and residual fuel oil significantly contributes to the ambient air particle burden. Residual oil fly ash (ROFA) is remarkable in the capacity to provoke injury in experimental systems. The unique composition of this emission source particle makes it particularly useful as a surrogate for ambient air PM in studies of biologic effects testing the hypothesis that metals mediate the biologic effects of air pollution particles. A majority of the in vitro and animal model investigations support the postulate that transition metals present in ROFA (especially vanadium) participate in Fenton-like chemical reactions to produce reactive oxygen species. This is associated with tyrosine phosphorylation, nuclear factor kappa B and other transcription factor activation, induction of inflammatory mediator expression, and inflammatory lung injury. It is also evident that vanadium accounts for a significant portion of the biologic activity of ROFA. The extrapolation of this body of investigation on ROFA to the field of ambient air PM is difficult, as particles in numerous environments have such small amounts of vanadium. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Ghio, Andrew J AU - Silbajoris, Robert AU - Carson, Johnny L AU - Samet, James M AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office for Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA., ghio.andy@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 89 EP - 94 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 110 IS - Suppl 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Vanadium KW - Mortality KW - Metals KW - Injuries KW - Fuels KW - Animal models KW - Fly ash KW - Pollution effects KW - Particulates KW - Morbidity KW - Combustion KW - Air pollution KW - Oil KW - Oxygen KW - Lung KW - Chemical reactions KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Emissions KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21257701?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Biologic+effects+of+oil+fly+ash.&rft.au=Ghio%2C+Andrew+J%3BSilbajoris%2C+Robert%3BCarson%2C+Johnny+L%3BSamet%2C+James+M&rft.aulast=Ghio&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=Suppl+1&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vanadium; Metals; Mortality; Injuries; Fuels; Animal models; Pollution effects; Fly ash; Particulates; Morbidity; Combustion; Oil; Air pollution; Oxygen; Chemical reactions; Lung; Nuclear fuels; Emissions ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geographic targeting of increases in nutrient export due to future urbanization AN - 19930568; 5350645 AB - Urbanization replaces the extant natural resource base (e.g., forests, wetlands) with an infrastructure that is capable of supporting humans. One ecological consequence of urbanization is higher concentrations of nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) in streams, lakes, and estuaries. When received in excess, N and P are considered pollutants. Continuing urbanization will change the relative distribution of extant natural resources. Characteristics of the landscape can shape its response to disturbances such as urbanization. Changes in landscape characteristics across a region create a geographic pattern of vulnerability to increased N and P as a result of urbanization. We linked nutrient-export risk and urbanization models in order to identify areas most vulnerable to increases in nutrient-export risk due to projected urbanization. A risk-based model of N and P export exceeding specified thresholds was developed based on the extant distribution of forest, agriculture, and urban land cover. An empirical model of urbanization was used to increase urban land cover at the expense of forest and agriculture. The modeled (future) land cover was input into the N and P export risk model, and the "before" and "after" estimates of N and P export were compared to identify the areas most vulnerable to change. Increase in N and P export had to be equal to or greater than the accumulated uncertainties in the nutrient-export risk and urbanization models for an area to be considered vulnerable. The areas most vulnerable to increased N and P export were not spatially coincident with the areas of greatest urbanization. Vulnerability also depended on the geographic distribution of forest and agriculture. In general, the areas most vulnerable to increased N exports were where the modeled urbanization rate was at least 20% and the amount of forest was about 6 times greater than the amount of agriculture. For P, the most vulnerable areas were where the modeled urbanization rate was at least 20% and the amount of forest was about 2 times greater than the amount of agriculture. Vulnerability to increased N and P export was the result of two interacting spatial patterns, urbanization and the extant distribution of land cover. It could not be predicted from either alone. JF - Ecological Applications AU - Wickham, J D AU - O'Neill, R V AU - Riitters, KH AU - Smith, E R AU - Wade, T G AU - Jones, K B AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (MD-56), National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 93 EP - 106 PB - Ecological Society of America VL - 12 IS - 1 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Human Population; Ecology Abstracts KW - Agriculture KW - Agricultural Runoff KW - Nutrient enrichment KW - Urbanization KW - Water Pollution Sources KW - Phosphorus KW - Forests KW - Nutrients KW - Nutrient cycles KW - Risks KW - Models KW - Human impact KW - Pollutants KW - Distribution KW - Wetlands KW - Geographical variations KW - Population-environment relations KW - Agricultural runoff KW - Urban environments KW - Estuaries KW - Water pollution KW - Natural resources KW - Nutrients (mineral) KW - Nitrogen KW - D 04695:Urban environments KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control KW - M1 350:Monitoring and Quantitating Anthropogenic Processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19930568?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=Geographic+targeting+of+increases+in+nutrient+export+due+to+future+urbanization&rft.au=Wickham%2C+J+D%3BO%27Neill%2C+R+V%3BRiitters%2C+KH%3BSmith%2C+E+R%3BWade%2C+T+G%3BJones%2C+K+B&rft.aulast=Wickham&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollutants; Urbanization; Natural resources; Wetlands; Nutrients (mineral); Nutrient cycles; Risks; Agriculture; Nutrient enrichment; Phosphorus; Forests; Nutrients; Human impact; Models; Population-environment relations; Geographical variations; Nitrogen; Urban environments; Agricultural runoff; Water pollution; Agricultural Runoff; Water Pollution Sources; Estuaries; Distribution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional characteristics of nutrient concentrations in streams and their application to nutrient criteria development AN - 19924371; 5358186 AB - In order to establish meaningful nutrient criteria, consideration must be given to the spatial variations in geographic phenomena that cause or reflect differences in nutrient concentrations in streams. Regional differences in stream nutrient concentrations were illustrated using stream data collected from 928 nonpoint-source watersheds distributed throughout the country and sampled as part of the U.S. EPA National Eutrophication Survey (NES). Spatial patterns in the differences were compared and found to correspond with an a priori regional classification system based on regional patterns in landscape attributes associated with variation in nutrient concentrations. The classification consists of 14 regions composed of aggregations of the 84 U.S. EPA Level III Ecoregions. The primary distinguishing characteristics of each region and the factors associated with variability in water quality characteristics are presented. The use of the NES and many other extant monitoring data sets to develop regional reference conditions for nutrient concentrations in streams is discouraged on the basis of sample representation. The necessity that all sites used in such an effort be regionally representative and consistently screened for least possible impact is emphasized. These sampling issues are rigorously addressed by the U.S. EPA Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP). A case-study, using EMAP data collected from the Central and Eastern Forested Uplands, demonstrates how regional reference conditions and draft nutrient criteria could be developed. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Rohm, C M AU - Omernik, JM AU - Woods, A J AU - Stoddard, J L AD - Dynamac Corporation, 200 SW 35th Street, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA, omernik@mail.cor.epa.gov Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 213 EP - 240 VL - 38 IS - 1 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - USA KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Classification systems KW - water quality KW - Regional Analysis KW - Eutrophication KW - Pollution (Nonpoint sources) KW - nutrient concentrations KW - Nutrients KW - Freshwater KW - Water quality KW - Watersheds KW - Streams KW - spatial distribution KW - Catchment areas KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Geochemistry KW - Landscape KW - Nonpoint Pollution Sources KW - Streams (in natural channels) KW - EPA KW - classification KW - Nutrients (mineral) KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q2 09181:General KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19924371?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Regional+characteristics+of+nutrient+concentrations+in+streams+and+their+application+to+nutrient+criteria+development&rft.au=Rohm%2C+C+M%3BOmernik%2C+JM%3BWoods%2C+A+J%3BStoddard%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Rohm&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental monitoring; Classification systems; Eutrophication; Nutrients (mineral); Watersheds; Water quality; water quality; spatial distribution; EPA; Landscape; classification; nutrient concentrations; Streams; Catchment areas; Pollution (Nonpoint sources); Geochemistry; Nutrients; Streams (in natural channels); Regional Analysis; Nonpoint Pollution Sources; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A mail survey approach to watershed condition assessment AN - 19911800; 5366132 AB - Aquatic resource monitoring attempts to assess the condition of aquatic habitat and organisms. Assessments require that disturbances from human activities be identified, quantified and ordered along a gradient for interpreting biological response. An index of relative risk to aquatic systems was developed based on identifying and prioritizing stream-reach and watershed stressors. Mail surveys were sent to natural resource experts (county extension agents, NRCS employees) familiar with the targeted watersheds, to collect data for assessment of 25 watersheds in the Mid-Appalachian region of the United States. A 56% correspondence was found between this method and another approach when scoring identical sites. Scoring differences resulted from discrepancies in available data between the two methods. Scores were consistent with water chemistry and benthic macroinvertebrate measures of stream condition and required less time to develop for ranking watersheds than the second method. The mail survey approach is readily transferable to other regions. JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Lomnicky, G A AU - Barker, J R AU - Bryce, SA AD - Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Western Ecology Division Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 1 EP - 6 VL - 57 IS - 1 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - USA, Appalachian Mts. KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Environmental Effects KW - Ecosystems KW - Environmental Quality KW - Water conservation KW - Man-induced effects KW - Freshwater KW - Watersheds KW - Water quality KW - Streams KW - Soil KW - Personnel KW - Surface water pollution KW - Data Collections KW - water chemistry KW - Water Quality KW - Surveys KW - River basins KW - Habitat KW - Aquatic environment KW - USA KW - Aquatic Habitats KW - Natural resources KW - Human factors KW - Monitoring KW - Zoobenthos KW - Water chemistry KW - M2 556.53:Rivers, Streams, Canals (556.53) KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - Q2 09105:Research programmes and expeditions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19911800?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.atitle=A+mail+survey+approach+to+watershed+condition+assessment&rft.au=Lomnicky%2C+G+A%3BBarker%2C+J+R%3BBryce%2C+SA&rft.aulast=Lomnicky&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.issn=00224561&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Personnel; Natural resources; Water conservation; Man-induced effects; River basins; Habitat; Water quality; Zoobenthos; Watersheds; Water chemistry; Surface water pollution; Soil; water chemistry; Human factors; Streams; Aquatic environment; Environmental Effects; Ecosystems; Aquatic Habitats; Environmental Quality; Water Quality; Surveys; Monitoring; Data Collections; USA; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A modified digestion procedure for analysing silver in environmental water samples AN - 18911502; 5399077 AB - The low recovery of silver in the analysis of environmental water samples has been experienced for a long time. The major cause was postulated to be due to chloride in the sample that causes precipitation of silver chloride. A modified procedure in which the sample was taken to dryness during acid digestion was proposed to remove chloride. Analysing a surface water sample and a photographic wastewater sample validated this modified procedure. JF - Analyst (Cambridge UK) AU - Yang, X J AU - Foley, R AU - Low, GK-C AD - Environmental Chemistry Section, New South Wales Environment Protection Authority, PO Box 29, Lidcombe, New South Wales 1825, Australia, yangj@epa.nsw.gov.au Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 315 EP - 318 VL - 127 IS - 2 SN - 0003-2654, 0003-2654 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Chemical analysis (see also Individual techniques) KW - Heavy metals KW - Chlorides KW - Pollution effects KW - Freshwater KW - Water analysis KW - Chemical precipitation KW - Chemical reactions KW - Precipitation (Chemical) KW - Analytical techniques KW - Silver KW - Q2 09184:Composition of water KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18911502?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analyst+%28Cambridge+UK%29&rft.atitle=A+modified+digestion+procedure+for+analysing+silver+in+environmental+water+samples&rft.au=Yang%2C+X+J%3BFoley%2C+R%3BLow%2C+GK-C&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=127&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=315&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analyst+%28Cambridge+UK%29&rft.issn=00032654&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fb109959k LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemical precipitation; Chemical reactions; Heavy metals; Analytical techniques; Chlorides; Pollution effects; Silver; Water analysis; Chemical analysis (see also Individual techniques); Precipitation (Chemical); Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b109959k ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multivariate analysis of periphyton assemblages in relation to environmental gradients in Colorado Rocky Mountain streams AN - 18772892; 5645664 AB - We assessed relationships between chemical and physical characteristics and periphyton assemblages in stream reaches of the mineral belt in the Southern Rockies ecoregion of Colorado, United States. Using canonical ordination analyses, we contrasted results wherein assemblage structure was assessed using community metrics or species abundances. Our objectives were to identify community metrics or individual species diagnostic of the primary environmental stressors in these streams, to compare the sensitivity of these two approaches to determining the primary stressors, and to determine how these approaches may be used to differentiate the effects of these environmental stressors from other gradients. For periphyton metrics, the first axis extracted by redundancy analysis correlated with total phosphorus, substrate coarseness and embeddedness, and riparian vegetation condition, whereas the second axis correlated with dissolved metals. For species abundances, the three axes extracted by canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) were correlated with (1) stream size and types of in-stream habitats; (2) total phosphorus, dissolved ions, and riparian disturbance by agriculture; and (3) sediment coarseness and embeddedness and riparian vegetation condition. Concentrations of dissolved metals were not correlated with the CCA axes. Analyses of species abundances were sensitive to effects associated with nutrients, substrates, and riparian vegetation, whereas analyses of periphyton metrics were sensitive not only to these nutrient and physical habitat effects but also to toxicological effects associated with metals. As a result, the analyses of periphyton metrics may be used to identify which metrics would be useful for a periphyton index of biotic integrity and would also be individually diagnostic of the larger scale stressors in these streams, nutrient, substrate, and riparian vegetation effects of livestock grazing and increased metal concentrations associated with metal mining. JF - Journal of Phycology AU - Griffith, M B AU - Hill, B H AU - Herlihy, A T AU - Kaufmann, PR AD - Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, c/o U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 83 EP - 95 PB - Blackwell Publishers VL - 38 IS - 1 SN - 0022-3646, 0022-3646 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Heavy metals KW - Ecological distribution KW - Phosphorus KW - Pollution effects KW - Streams KW - Environmental factors KW - Multivariate analysis KW - Algae KW - Rivers KW - USA, Colorado, Rocky Mts. KW - Gradients KW - Toxicity KW - Identification KW - USA, Colorado KW - Community composition KW - Community structure KW - Sediment texture KW - Riparian vegetation KW - Mining KW - Periphyton KW - K 03009:Algae KW - Q1 08462:Benthos KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18772892?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Phycology&rft.atitle=Multivariate+analysis+of+periphyton+assemblages+in+relation+to+environmental+gradients+in+Colorado+Rocky+Mountain+streams&rft.au=Griffith%2C+M+B%3BHill%2C+B+H%3BHerlihy%2C+A+T%3BKaufmann%2C+PR&rft.aulast=Griffith&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Phycology&rft.issn=00223646&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Heavy metals; Ecological distribution; Phosphorus; Pollution effects; Toxicity; Environmental factors; Community composition; Multivariate analysis; Sediment texture; Riparian vegetation; Periphyton; Mining; Community structure; Gradients; Identification; Streams; Algae; USA, Colorado; USA, Colorado, Rocky Mts. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Linkage Between Microzooplankton Grazing and Phytoplankton Growth in a Gulf of Mexico Estuary AN - 18587724; 5382459 AB - Microzooplankton dilution grazing experiments were conducted with water collected from Pensacola Bay, Florida (USA) on 12 dates at 2 sites. Statistically significant grazing rates were observed in 22 of 24 experiments. Grazing rates in Upper Bay and Lower Bay were similar averaging 0.54 and 0.51 d super(-1), respectively. Phytoplankton growth rates were also similar at the two sites, averaging 1.02 and 1.00 d super(-1) at Upper Bay and Lower Bay, respectively. Phytoplankton growth rates usually exceeded grazing rates by about a factor of two, though microzooplankton grazing represented a significant mortality for phytoplankton. The literature suggests a linkage between phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton grazing that spans a wide variety of aquatic environments. While individual growth and grazing rates were variable, growth frequently exceeded grazing by about two-fold. This implies that the role of microzooplankton is similar across a wide variety of aquatic systems. JF - Estuaries AU - Murrell, M C AU - Stanley, R S AU - Lores, E M AU - DiDonato, G T AU - Flemer, DA AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA, murrell.michael@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 19 EP - 29 VL - 25 IS - 1 SN - 0160-8347, 0160-8347 KW - USA, Florida, Pensacola Bay KW - USA, Mexico Gulf KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - USA, Florida KW - Ecosystems KW - Phytoplankton KW - Trophic relationships KW - Literature Review KW - Biotic factors KW - Bays KW - Growth rate KW - Experimental Data KW - Grazing KW - Zooplankton KW - Estuaries KW - Growth Rates KW - Biomass KW - ASW, USA, Florida, Pensacola Bay KW - Nannoplankton KW - ASW, USA, Mexico Gulf KW - Literature reviews KW - Mexico Gulf KW - Feeding experiments KW - K 03009:Algae KW - Q1 08483:Species interactions: general KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - K 03012:Protozoa KW - SW 0890:Estuaries KW - D 04320:Brackishwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18587724?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries&rft.atitle=Linkage+Between+Microzooplankton+Grazing+and+Phytoplankton+Growth+in+a+Gulf+of+Mexico+Estuary&rft.au=Murrell%2C+M+C%3BStanley%2C+R+S%3BLores%2C+E+M%3BDiDonato%2C+G+T%3BFlemer%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Murrell&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries&rft.issn=01608347&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Literature reviews; Grazing; Estuaries; Zooplankton; Feeding experiments; Phytoplankton; Biomass; Biotic factors; Trophic relationships; Bays; Nannoplankton; Experimental Data; Ecosystems; Growth Rates; Literature Review; ASW, USA, Mexico Gulf; USA, Florida; Mexico Gulf; ASW, USA, Florida, Pensacola Bay ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PBDEs in the San Francisco Bay Area: Measurements in harbor seal blubber and human breast adipose tissue AN - 18585625; 5361953 AB - To explore the levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in California, samples from 11 archived harbor seals (Phoca vitulina Richardsi) from the San Francisco Bay and breast adipose tissue samples from 23 women were analyzed. The levels of PBDEs in human tissue samples were in the low ng/g fat range, with PBDEs 47, 153, 154, 99, and 100 as the major congeners. Average capital sigma PBDEs (86 ng/g fat) in these California women are the highest human levels reported to date. An inverse relationship between concentration of PBDEs and age of these women was apparent. The levels of PBDEs measured in harbor seal blubber were in the low ng/g to low mu g/g fat range, with the same major congeners as those measured in the human tissues. PBDE 47 was the highest among all congeners measured in both human tissue and seal blubber samples. The concentrations of PBDEs in harbor seals in the San Francisco Bay have increased dramatically over the past decade, with current levels among the highest reported for this species. JF - Chemosphere AU - She, J AU - Petreas, M AU - Winkler, J AU - Visita, P AU - McKinney, M AU - Kopec, D AD - Hazardous Materials Laboratory, California Department of Toxic Substances Control, Cal-EPA, 2151 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA, jshe@dtsc.ca.gov A2 - Alaee, M A2 - Wenning, RJ (eds) Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 697 EP - 707 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., Pergamon, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK VL - 46 IS - 5 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Common seal KW - Fire retardants KW - Harbor seal KW - Harbour seal KW - Spotted seal KW - USA, California, San Francisco Bay KW - blubber KW - polybrominated diphenyl ethers KW - women KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Environmental pollution and health KW - Tissues KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Blubber KW - Fire retardant chemicals KW - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers KW - Phoca vitulina KW - Human beings KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Fat KW - Pollution detection KW - Flame retardants KW - Environmental impact KW - Seawater pollution effects on marine life KW - Human Population KW - Seals KW - Brominated hydrocarbons KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Marine mammals KW - INE, USA, California, San Francisco Bay KW - Marine organisms KW - Fats KW - Females KW - Toxic pollutants KW - USA, California, San Francisco KW - Chemical pollutants KW - Pollution (Water) KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - M2:551.460.09:504.42.054 KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - X 24153:Metabolism KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18585625?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=PBDEs+in+the+San+Francisco+Bay+Area%3A+Measurements+in+harbor+seal+blubber+and+human+breast+adipose+tissue&rft.au=She%2C+J%3BPetreas%2C+M%3BWinkler%2C+J%3BVisita%2C+P%3BMcKinney%2C+M%3BKopec%2C+D&rft.aulast=She&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=697&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution monitoring; Pollution detection; Bioaccumulation; Marine mammals; Fats; Chemical pollutants; Brominated hydrocarbons; Environmental impact; Fire retardant chemicals; Environmental pollution and health; Seawater pollution effects on marine life; Toxic pollutants; Environmental monitoring; Tissues; Marine organisms; Females; Fire retardants; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers; Blubber; Fat; Flame retardants; Human beings; Seals; Pollution (Water); Water Pollution Effects; Human Population; Phoca vitulina; INE, USA, California, San Francisco Bay; USA, California, San Francisco ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparison of impoundments and natural drainage lakes in the Northeast USA AN - 18404085; 5392306 AB - We classified 235 randomly selected lentic waterbodies (>1 ha) in the Northeast USA as human created, or natural. We compared geographic extent and distribution, morphology and hydrology, trophic state, and fish assemblage metrics of impoundments and natural drainage lakes. We estimated that 46% of the 10 608 ( plus or minus 1695; 95% CI) lentic waterbodies in the region were impoundments or quarries; 68% of Uplands lakes and 26% of Lowlands lakes were natural. Impoundments were smaller, shallower, had shorter water residence times, and were in watersheds with greater human activity than were natural drainage lakes. More than half (55%) of Lowlands impoundments were eutrophic, accounting for 67% of eutrophic or hypereutrophic lentic waterbodies in the Northeast. An estimated 90% of eutrophic lakes and impoundments were <23 ha. Impoundments had greater proportions of fish species and individuals tolerant of human disturbance, and greater proportions of non-native species and individuals than did natural drainage lakes. We discuss some management implications of the differences between impoundments and natural drainage lakes. JF - Hydrobiologia AU - Whittier, T R AU - Larsen, D P AU - Peterson, SA AU - Kincaid, T M AD - Dynamac International, Inc., U.S. EPA National Health and Ecological Effects Research Laboratory, Western Ecology Division, 200 SW 35th Street, Corvallis, OR 97333, U.S.A., whittier.thom@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 157 EP - 171 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 470 IS - 1-3 SN - 0018-8158, 0018-8158 KW - USA KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - D 04310:Freshwater KW - SW 4070:Ecological impact of water development KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - Q2 02144:Regional studies, expeditions and data reports KW - Q1 01463:Habitat community studies KW - Q5 01521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18404085?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrobiologia&rft.atitle=A+comparison+of+impoundments+and+natural+drainage+lakes+in+the+Northeast+USA&rft.au=Whittier%2C+T+R%3BLarsen%2C+D+P%3BPeterson%2C+SA%3BKincaid%2C+T+M&rft.aulast=Whittier&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=470&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrobiologia&rft.issn=00188158&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of ecological communities: The problem of sample representativeness AN - 18402435; 5391418 AB - Obtaining an adequate, representative sample of ecological communities to make taxon richness (TR) or compositional comparisons among sites is a continuing challenge. Although randomization in the collection of sample units is often used to assure that sampling is representative, randomization does not convey the concept of how well samples represent the community or site from which they are drawn. In ecological surveys, how well a sample represents a community or site literally means the similarity in taxon composition and relative abundance between a sample and the community from which it is drawn. Using both field and simulated data, we show that the proportion of the total taxon richness at a site (%TTR) achieved with a fixed sample size varies across sites, which in turn causes changes in site-to-site differences in observed TR with sample size. This means that equal-sized samples may differentially represent the communities from which they are drawn. However, the similarity of a sample to the community from which it is drawn cannot be measured directly because the taxon composition and relative abundance of the community is usually unknown. We propose to estimate it by measuring the average similarity among replicate samples randomly drawn from a community, i.e., autosimilarity, which is measured with Jaccard Coefficient in this study. Using the same data sets, we found that: (1) samples of equal size from different sites or communities achieved different levels of autosimilarity, with lower levels achieved in taxon richer sites, indicating variation in how well samples of equal size represent their respective communities; (2) %TTR was positively and almost linearly correlated with autosimilarity, indicating that autosimilarity might be a good predictor of TTR; and (3) when samples were compared at the same level of autosimilarity, similar %TTRs across different sites were achieved (i.e., the relative differences in taxon richness among sites became independent of sample size). We conclude that standardization on autosimilarity, rather than on sample size, can improve the accuracy of taxon richness comparisons. JF - Ecological Monographs AU - Cao, Yong AU - Larsen, D P AU - Williams, D D AD - Western Ecology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 200 S.W. 35th Street, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 41 EP - 56 VL - 72 IS - 1 SN - 0012-9615, 0012-9615 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18402435?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Monographs&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+ecological+communities%3A+The+problem+of+sample+representativeness&rft.au=Cao%2C+Yong%3BLarsen%2C+D+P%3BWilliams%2C+D+D&rft.aulast=Cao&rft.aufirst=Yong&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Monographs&rft.issn=00129615&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A temperate reef fish, Tautogolabrus adspersus, (Walbaum) as a potential model species for laboratory studies evaluating reproductive effects of chemical exposure AN - 18378756; 5349548 AB - In ecotoxicological testing, there are few studies that report on reproductive output (egg production) of marine or estuarine fish. Cunner (Tautogolabrus adspersus) were studied as a potential model species to evaluate the impact of pollutants with estrogenic activity on reproduction in estuarine fish populations. Cunner inhabit marine and estuarine areas where contaminant discharges are likely. Baseline values for cunner gonadosomatic index (GSI), hepatosomatic index (HSI), and plasma vitellogenin (VTG) were determined in a field reference site (April 1999-December 1999). Male and female GSI indicated that cunner spawning is synchronized. Female HSI and VTG increased prior to GSI. From our laboratory observations, cunner are suitable for conducting experiments with reproductive endpoints indicative of both exposure (vitellogenin levels) and effects (egg production). However, cunner are not sexually dimorphic and stripping ripe fish is the only method to distinguish sex. In preparation for laboratory exposure studies with cunner, we designed a laboratory experimental holding system to accommodate cunner's reproductive behavior, a vertical spawning run to the water surface. Cunner were successfully acclimated from overwintering torpor to spawning condition in the laboratory by gradually changing the environmental conditions of fish held at winter conditions (4 degree C and 9:15-h light:dark photoperiod) to spawning condition (18 degree C and 15:9-h light:dark photoperiod). Our results show that cunner successfully spawned daily in the laboratory. They produced fertile eggs in our experimental system designed to accommodate cunner's vertical spawning runs, demonstrating that male and female reproductive behavior was synchronized in the laboratory. Our observations indicate that cunner would be a useful model species for evaluating reproductive effects of environmental contaminants in laboratory studies. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Gutjahr-Gobell, R E AU - Huber, M AU - Horowitz, DJB AU - Zaroogian, GE AU - Mills, L J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA, gobell.ruth@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 380 EP - 389 VL - 21 IS - 2 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Cunner KW - endocrine disrupters KW - endocrine disruptors KW - xenoestrogens KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Brackish KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - Q5 01504:Effects on organisms KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18378756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=A+temperate+reef+fish%2C+Tautogolabrus+adspersus%2C+%28Walbaum%29+as+a+potential+model+species+for+laboratory+studies+evaluating+reproductive+effects+of+chemical+exposure&rft.au=Gutjahr-Gobell%2C+R+E%3BHuber%2C+M%3BHorowitz%2C+DJB%3BZaroogian%2C+GE%3BMills%2C+L+J&rft.aulast=Gutjahr-Gobell&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=380&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applying Ecological Risk Principles to Watershed Assessment and Management AN - 18278095; 5332656 AB - Considerable progress in addressing point source (end of pipe) pollution problems has been made, but it is now recognized that further substantial environmental improvements depend on controlling nonpoint source pollution. A watershed approach is being used more frequently to address these problems because traditional regulatory approaches do not focus on nonpoint sources. The watershed approach is organized around the guiding principles of partnerships, geographic focus, and management based on sound science and data. This helps to focus efforts on the highest priority problems within hydrologically-defined geographic areas. Ecological risk assessment is a process to collect, organize, analyze, and present scientific information to improve decision making. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sponsored three watershed assessments and found that integrating the watershed approach with ecological risk assessment increases the use of environmental monitoring and assessment data in decision making. This paper describes the basics of the watershed approach, the ecological risk assessment process, and how these two frameworks can be integrated. The three major principles of watershed ecological risk assessment found to be most useful for increasing the use of science in decision making are (1) using assessment endpoints and conceptual models, (2) holding regular interactions between scientists and managers, and (3) developing a focus for multiple stressor analysis. Examples are provided illustrating how these principles were implemented in these assessments. JF - Environmental Management AU - Serveiss, V B AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (8623-D), 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20460 Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 145 EP - 154 PB - Springer-Verlag, [URL:http://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/00267/bibs/2029 002/20290145.htm] VL - 29 IS - 2 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - ecotoxicology KW - risk assessment KW - Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Management KW - Management Planning KW - Catchment Areas KW - Nonpoint Pollution Sources KW - Watershed Management KW - Environmental Protection KW - decision making KW - Decision Making KW - Ecological Effects KW - Nonpoint pollution KW - Watersheds KW - Water pollution KW - Water Pollution Control KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Environment management KW - Pollution control KW - D 04700:Management KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18278095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Applying+Ecological+Risk+Principles+to+Watershed+Assessment+and+Management&rft.au=Serveiss%2C+V+B&rft.aulast=Serveiss&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Management; Watersheds; Environment management; Water pollution; Pollution control; decision making; Nonpoint pollution; Water Pollution Control; Management Planning; Water Pollution Effects; Catchment Areas; Nonpoint Pollution Sources; Environmental Protection; Watershed Management; Ecological Effects; Decision Making ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydraulics of Stream Flow Routing with Bank Storage AN - 18273023; 5327856 AB - Bank storage is a process in which volumes of water are temporarily retained by alluvial stream banks during storm events and gradually released to partially sustain baseflow. This process has important hydrologic and ecological implications. In this paper, analytical solutions are developed for routing stream flow, lateral stream-aquifer interactions, and aquifer storage. In effect, the streamflow routing Muskingum method is modified for bank storage. The analysis is based on one-dimensional lateral groundwater flow in semiinfinite homogeneous unconfined aquifers, which are in contact with streams through semipervious bed sediments. Impulse response and unit step response functions are derived for the stream-aquifer system, using Laplace transformations. These response functions relate stream outflow, stream-aquifer flow, bank storage, and cumulative reach discharge volume to discrete-time inflow hydrographs through convolution integrals. The impulse response function decreases with increasing aquifer hydraulic conductivity at earlier times, but increases with the conductivity and persists at later times. The unit step response function decreases with aquifer conductivity uniformly in time. The dependence of stream flow and bank storage on aquifer hydraulic conductivity, streambed leakance, stream width, and aquifer diffusivity is investigated. The analysis is extended to discrete input data, and modification of the methodology to route discrete-time inflow hydrographs of general form is achieved, using discrete-time kernels. The presented analysis establishes the time domain for validity of the analytical solutions in terms of the Muskingum parameters and an aquifer-related parameter. JF - Journal of Hydrologic Engineering AU - Hantush, M M AU - Harada, Morihiro AU - Marino, MA AD - Land Remediation and Pollution Control Division, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA, hantush.mohamed@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 76 EP - 89 VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1084-0699, 1084-0699 KW - Bank storage KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Aquifers KW - Hydraulic conductivity KW - Hydraulics KW - Muskingum method KW - Bank Storage KW - Surface-groundwater Relations KW - Stream Banks KW - Streamflow KW - Aquifer storage KW - Groundwater-streamflow relationships KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - M2 556.536:Hydraulics, hydrodynamics of rivers, and streams KW - M2 556.332.2:Storage capacity: inflow and outflow (556.332.2) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18273023?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrologic+Engineering&rft.atitle=Hydraulics+of+Stream+Flow+Routing+with+Bank+Storage&rft.au=Hantush%2C+M+M%3BHarada%2C+Morihiro%3BMarino%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Hantush&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=76&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrologic+Engineering&rft.issn=10840699&rft_id=info:doi/10.1061%2F%28ASCE%291084-0699%282002%297%3A1%2876%29 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydraulic conductivity; Muskingum method; Groundwater-streamflow relationships; Aquifer storage; Aquifers; Hydraulics; Bank Storage; Surface-groundwater Relations; Stream Banks; Streamflow DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0699(2002)7:1(76) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In Vitro Effects of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Hydroxy Metabolites on Nitric Oxide Synthases in Rat Brain AN - 18272218; 5331748 AB - Nitric oxide synthases (NOS) play a key role in motor activity in the cerebellum, hormonal regulation in the hypothalamus, and long-term potentiation (LTP), learning, and memory processes in the hippocampus. Developmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) has been shown to affect psychomotor functions, learning and memory processes, and to inhibit LTP. We hypothesized that PCBs may disrupt the regulation of such neurological functions by altering NOSs. We have studied the in vitro effects of several PCB congeners and some hydroxy PCBs on NOS activity in cytosolic (presumably neuronal NOS [nNOS]) and membrane (presumably endothelial NOS [eNOS]) fractions in different brain regions of young and adult rats. Among the two selected dichloro PCBs, the ortho-PCB, 2,2'-dichlorobiphenyl (DCB), inhibited both cytosolic and membrane NOS activity at low micromolar concentrations (3-10 mu M) in the selected brain regions of all age groups while the non-ortho-PCB, 4,4'-DCB, did not. 2,2'-DCB inhibited cytosolic NOS to a greater extent than membrane NOS. Pentachloro-PCBs (PeCBs) and hexachloro-PCBs (HCBs) did not have a significant effect on adult cerebellar cytosolic or membrane NOS. However, mono- and dihydroxy derivatives of HCBs significantly decreased cytosolic NOS (IC50s: 16.33 plus or minus 0.47 and 33.65 plus or minus 4.33 mu M, respectively) but resulted in a marginal effect on membrane NOS in the cerebellum. Among three adult rat brain regions, the hypothalamic cytosolic NOS was the most sensitive to 2,2'-DCB. Also, cytosolic NOS in the cerebellum and hypothalamus of young rats was less sensitive than in the older rats. In summary, these results indicate that only di-ortho-PCB inhibited both NOS and hydroxy substitution of one or more chlorine molecules significantly increased the potency of both ortho- and non-ortho-HCBs. The selective sensitivity of NOS to dichloro- ortho-PCB and hydroxy metabolites suggests that the inhibition of NOS could play a role in the neuroendocrine effects as well as learning and memory deficits caused by exposure to PCBs. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Sharma, R AU - Kodavanti, P S AD - Cellular and Molecular Toxicology Branch, Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, United U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 27711 Y1 - 2002/02/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Feb 01 SP - 127 EP - 136 PB - Academic Press VL - 178 IS - 3 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - rats KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Hypothalamus KW - Cerebellum KW - Brain KW - Learning behavior KW - Nitric-oxide synthase KW - Memory KW - PCB KW - N3 11104:Mammals (except primates) KW - X 24155:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18272218?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=In+Vitro+Effects+of+Polychlorinated+Biphenyls+and+Hydroxy+Metabolites+on+Nitric+Oxide+Synthases+in+Rat+Brain&rft.au=Sharma%2C+R%3BKodavanti%2C+P+S&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=178&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1006%2Ftaap.2001.9328 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Brain; PCB; Nitric-oxide synthase; Learning behavior; Memory; Cerebellum; Hypothalamus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/taap.2001.9328 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Surface Charge of Visible Particulate Matter Predicts Biological Activation in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells AN - 18272123; 5331750 AB - The physicochemical complexity of airborne particulate matter (PM) has hampered identifying a specific mechanism(s) for its toxicity. In this study, selected physicochemical characteristics (i.e., size, particle number, acidity, and surface charge) were measured on various field PM, derived from urban ambient (St. Louis, Ottawa, Canada), residential (Woodstove), volcanic dust from Mt. St. Helen (MSH), and industrial [oil fly ash (OFA) coal fly ash (CFA)] sources. Morphometric analysis of visible ( less than or equal to 2.0 to >10 mu m) field particles indicated that the industrial PM (OFA, CFA) had the smallest diameter and lowest total number of particles per weight while Woodstove and Ottawa had the largest diameter and highest number of particles. All PM lowered the pH of an unbuffered 10 mM NaCl solution from pH 7.4 to pH 4.7-6.8 but did not change the neutral pH of the cell culture medium, keratinocyte growth media (KGM). The surface charge (i.e., zeta potential) of microscopically visible ( greater than or equal to 2.0 mu m) field particles, suspended in either a Hepes-buffered KCl solution or in KGM, was measured by microelectrophoresis. In KCl solution, the mean zeta potential of all tested PM ranged from -36 plus or minus 2 (Woodstove) to -27 plus or minus 4.3 mV (MSH). When measured in KGM medium, the mean zeta potential value of each PM was significantly less (p > 0.001) than those measured in KCl solution, with values ranging from -17 plus or minus 0.3 mV (St. Louis) to -9 plus or minus 0.6 mV (MSH). Suspensions of field PM, its soluble and washed particulate fractions, were next prepared from each PM. The biological effects (i.e., increases in intracellular calcium ([Ca super(2+)] sub(i)), cytokine release) of their exposure were measured in human, immortalized, tracheal-bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). Exposure of BEAS-2B cells to each fraction produced an immediate, but differential increase in [Ca super(2+)] sub(i) and the subsequent release of the inflammatory cytokine IL-6, 4 and 16 h later. Increases in [Ca super(2+)] sub(i) by field PM significantly correlated with the IL-6 released by each fraction (r super(2) greater than or equal to 0.76) after both 4 and 16 h exposures. The biological effects of each PM were compared with their physicochemical characteristics. No correlation was found between increases in [Ca super(2+)] sub(i) or cytokine release and a PM's acidity or the number or size of its visible ( greater than or equal to 2.0 mu m) particles. However, the surface charge of PM field particles, when measured in the KGM exposure medium, showed a high correlation (r super(2) greater than or equal to 0.94) with the IL-6 release by field PM after both 4 and 16 h exposure. Increases in [Ca super(2+)] sub(i) also correlated (r super(2) = 0.85) with the surface charge of PM field particles when measured in KGM. These data indicate that the surface charge (i.e., zeta potential) carried on PM's visible field particles predicts their differential release of the inflammatory cytokine IL-6 in cultures of human respiratory epithelial cells. [copy ]2002 Elsevier Science (USA). JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Veronesi, B AU - de Haar, C AU - Lee, L AU - Oortgiesen, M AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 27711 Y1 - 2002/02/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Feb 01 SP - 144 EP - 154 PB - Academic Press VL - 178 IS - 3 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - man KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Interleukin 6 KW - Air pollution KW - Bronchus KW - Zeta potential KW - Particulate matter KW - Particulate pollution KW - Epithelium KW - Surface charge KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18272123?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=The+Surface+Charge+of+Visible+Particulate+Matter+Predicts+Biological+Activation+in+Human+Bronchial+Epithelial+Cells&rft.au=Veronesi%2C+B%3Bde+Haar%2C+C%3BLee%2C+L%3BOortgiesen%2C+M&rft.aulast=Veronesi&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=178&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=144&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1006%2Ftaap.2001.9341 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Bronchus; Epithelium; Particulate matter; Interleukin 6; Particulate pollution; Surface charge; Zeta potential DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/taap.2001.9341 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A perspective on the potential health risks of PBDEs AN - 1665493337; 5361957 AB - The polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDEs) are a class of chemicals widely used as flame retardants. Concentrations of PBDEs in some human and marine mammal populations are increasing. The toxicological endpoints of concern for environmental levels of PBDEs are likely to be thyroid hormone disruption, neurodevelopmental deficits and cancer. Unfortunately, the available toxicological evidence for these endpoints is surprisingly limited, given their widespread use, bioaccumulative potential, and structural similarity to thyroid hormones and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Available evidence suggests that the PBDE congeners likely to bioaccumulate (i.e., those observed in human tissues and other biota) have the propensity to disrupt thyroid hormones, cause neurobehavioral deficits and possibly cause cancer in laboratory animals. It is unclear whether current concentrations of PBDEs in human tissues would be expected to adversely impact human health. Since nearly all individuals are exposed to low levels of PBDEs, the potential health impacts also should include assessment at the population level. This paper summarizes the available toxicological evidence for PBDE-induced thyroid hormone disruption, neurodevelopmental deficits, and, for some congeners, cancer, and provides a perspective on the potential risks of the PBDEs for human health. JF - Chemosphere AU - McDonald, T A AD - Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, 1515 Clay Street, 16th Floor, Oakland, CA 94612, USA, tmcdonal@oehha.ca.gov A2 - Alaee, M A2 - Wenning, RJ (eds) Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 745 EP - 755 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., Pergamon, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK VL - 46 IS - 5 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - polybrominated diphenyl ethers KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Marine KW - endocrine disruptors KW - Flame retardants KW - Environmental impact KW - Environmental health KW - Neurological complications KW - Carcinogens KW - Toxicity KW - Fire retardant chemicals KW - Carcinogenic substances KW - Cancer KW - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers KW - Thyroid hormones KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Ethers KW - Fire retardants KW - Toxicology KW - X 24156:Environmental impact KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1665493337?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=A+perspective+on+the+potential+health+risks+of+PBDEs&rft.au=McDonald%2C+T+A&rft.aulast=McDonald&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=745&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Thyroid hormones; Bioaccumulation; Environmental impact; Neurological complications; Fire retardant chemicals; Cancer; Chemicals; endocrine disruptors; Environmental health; Toxicity; Fire retardants; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers; Flame retardants; Carcinogenic substances; Toxicology; Carcinogens; Ethers; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The influence of increased line-fishing mortality on the sex ratio and age of sex reversal of the venus tusk fish AN - 1665491354; 5352865 AB - The age of sex reversal of the venus tusk fish Choerodon venustus, caught by line fishing at various locations on the southern Great Barrier Reef, indicated that C. venustus is capable of modifying its life cycle in response to increased mortality. The evidence suggests Masthead Reef fish, which experience the highest mortality, underwent sex reversal at a smaller size and younger age than at the other sites. The largest female fish, sexually transitional fish and males were smaller at Masthead Reef than at the Swains Reefs or One Tree Reef at Masthead Reef. There was also considerable overlap in the size of males and females within the exploited populations indicating that sex reversal is not initiated at a particular length but may have a social cause. The sex ratio of fish was essentially the same for fish fully susceptible to line fishing in the Swains and Masthead samples. Circumstantial evidence suggested that the absence of large males in a population may initiate sex reversal, indicating the maintenance of a constant sex ratio may have a social basis.Copyright 2002 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles JF - Journal of Fish Biology AU - Platten, J R AU - Tibbetts, IR AU - Sheaves, MJ AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Gladstone, Queensland, Australia, 4701, john.platten@env.qld.gov.au Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 301 EP - 318 PB - Academic Press VL - 60 IS - 2 SN - 0022-1112, 0022-1112 KW - Pinksided tuskfish KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Marine fisheries KW - Marine KW - Mortality KW - Sex ratio KW - Sex reversal KW - Man-induced effects KW - Human impact KW - ISEW, Australia, Queensland, Great Barrier Reef KW - Choerodon venustus KW - Australia, Queensland, Great Barrier Reef KW - Fisheries KW - Fishing mortality KW - Population structure KW - D 04700:Management KW - Q1 08441:Population structure KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1665491354?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Fish+Biology&rft.atitle=The+influence+of+increased+line-fishing+mortality+on+the+sex+ratio+and+age+of+sex+reversal+of+the+venus+tusk+fish&rft.au=Platten%2C+J+R%3BTibbetts%2C+IR%3BSheaves%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Platten&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=301&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Fish+Biology&rft.issn=00221112&rft_id=info:doi/10.1006%2Fjfbi.2001.1826 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fisheries; Sex reversal; Sex ratio; Man-induced effects; Population structure; Fishing mortality; Mortality; Fisheries; Human impact; Choerodon venustus; ISEW, Australia, Queensland, Great Barrier Reef; Australia, Queensland, Great Barrier Reef; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jfbi.2001.1826 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Life cycle inventory for Municipal Solid Waste management. Part 2: MSW management scenarios and modeling AN - 16145770; 5409935 AB - Evaluating the environmental performance of municipal solid waste management options is a complex task. Part 1 of this study presents the municipal solid waste management program of the Pamplona Region in Spain and explores the operational, economic, and environmental factors of the program. In Part 2, alternative waste management scenarios that include the selective collection of organic material and composting are illustrated. The use of a Life Cycle Inventory model for waste management allows for the comparison of the environmental burdens of the different scenarios. This use of a Life Cycle Inventory model for solid waste management lets program managers and decision makers include energy use, final solid waste, and Greenhouse gas emissions in the decision making process. Additionally, the different management scenarios are evaluated on their ability to fulfil Pamplona regional objectives and meet European Packaging and Landfill Directive targets. JF - Waste Management & Research AU - Wilson, E J AD - US EPA/Office Of Research & Development, MD-63, Atmospheric Protection Branch, Air Pollution Prevention & Control Division, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 23 EP - 36 VL - 20 IS - 1 SN - 0734-242X, 0734-242X KW - Economics KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Life cycle analysis KW - Municipal solid wastes KW - Solid wastes KW - Waste management KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Spain KW - W4 220:Environmental Modeling KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16145770?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waste+Management+%26+Research&rft.atitle=Life+cycle+inventory+for+Municipal+Solid+Waste+management.+Part+2%3A+MSW+management+scenarios+and+modeling&rft.au=Wilson%2C+E+J&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Waste+Management+%26+Research&rft.issn=0734242X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Life cycle analysis; Economics; Greenhouse gases; Municipal solid wastes; Solid wastes; Waste management; Spain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Life cycle inventory for municipal solid waste management AN - 16145399; 5409934 AB - Evaluating the environmental performance of municipal solid waste management options is a complex task. Part 1 of this study presents the municipal solid waste management program of the Pamplona Region in Spain, exploring the institutional, operational and economic factors of the program. In Part 2, alternative waste management scenarios that include the selective collection of organic material and composting are illustrated. The use of a Life Cycle Inventory model for waste management allows for the comparison of the environmental burdens of the different scenarios. This use of a Life Cycle Inventory model for solid waste management lets program managers and decision makers include energy use, final solid waste, and Greenhouse gas emissions in the decision making process. Additionally, the different management scenarios are evaluated on their ability to fulfil Pamplona regional objectives and meet European Packaging and Landfill Directive targets. JF - Waste Management & Research AU - Wilson, E J AD - US EPA/Office Of Research & Development, MD-63, Atmospheric Protection Branch, Air Pollution Prevention & Control Division, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 16 EP - 22 VL - 20 IS - 1 SN - 0734-242X, 0734-242X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Life cycle analysis KW - Spain KW - decision making KW - Energy consumption KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Municipal solid wastes KW - Waste management KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16145399?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waste+Management+%26+Research&rft.atitle=Life+cycle+inventory+for+municipal+solid+waste+management&rft.au=Wilson%2C+E+J&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=16&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Waste+Management+%26+Research&rft.issn=0734242X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Life cycle analysis; Energy consumption; decision making; Greenhouse gases; Municipal solid wastes; Waste management; Spain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Derivation of nutrient guidelines for streams in Victoria, Australia AN - 16139940; 5357291 AB - Human induced increases to nutrient concentrations in streams have led to many agencies developing strategies and criteria for nutrient reduction. National or statewide guidelines are generally inappropriate, due to the natural variability in stream ecosystems within political boundaries. This study used an extant aquatic macroinvertebrate-based regionalisation for the state of Victoria, Australia, as the basis for defining regions of relatively homogeneous environmental character. This enabled the selection of ecologically-based regional reference sites and subsequent characterisation of the nutrient status of these sites. Using an extensive biological and nutrient data base for streams across the State, we calculated 50th and 75th percentile concentrations for reference sites within each region. Using these percentiles in conjunction with 'impact and recovery' studies, we defined nutrient guidelines for each region. Although the nutrient data largely supported the biological regionalisation, patterns in the nutrient data did require some minor modifications for the nutrient regions. Relatively unimpacted regions with reference sites in very good-to excellent-condition were assigned guidelines largely based on the 75th percentiles. The more impacted regions, where 'best available' reference sites were of poorer quality, were assigned guidelines based largely on the 50th percentiles. Professional judgement and known extents of impacts across each region provided important contributions to the decision-making process. The derived guideline concentrations are comparable to several cited in the literature and are proposed for use in monitoring, assessment and restoration targets. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Newall, P AU - Tiller, D AD - Co-operative Research Centre for Freshwater Ecology, Environment Protection Authority, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, peter.newall@epa.vic.gov.au Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 85 EP - 103 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, [mailto:sales@wkap.nl] VL - 73 IS - 3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Australia, Victoria KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Entomology Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Water Pollution Sources KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Man-induced effects KW - Nutrients KW - Water quality KW - Streams KW - Restoration KW - Baseline studies KW - Pollution indicators KW - Aquatic insects KW - Freshwater pollution KW - Bioindicators KW - Rivers KW - Freshwater environments KW - Water Quality KW - Macrofauna KW - Human Population KW - Streams (in natural channels) KW - Community composition KW - Nutrients (mineral) KW - Zoobenthos KW - Pollution (Water) KW - Nutrient concentrations KW - Water quality (Natural waters) KW - Benthos KW - Indicator species KW - D 04310:Freshwater KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - Z 05210:Aquatic entomology KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16139940?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Derivation+of+nutrient+guidelines+for+streams+in+Victoria%2C+Australia&rft.au=Newall%2C+P%3BTiller%2C+D&rft.aulast=Newall&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Pollution monitoring; Baseline studies; Community composition; Anthropogenic factors; Man-induced effects; Nutrients (mineral); Water quality; Aquatic insects; Restoration; Indicator species; Freshwater pollution; Freshwater environments; Macrofauna; Zoobenthos; Nutrient concentrations; Streams; Nutrients; Pollution indicators; Streams (in natural channels); Pollution (Water); Water quality (Natural waters); Benthos; Bioindicators; Water Pollution Sources; Water Quality; Human Population ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of Raman spectroscopy in the analytical chemistry of potable water AN - 16136409; 5396914 AB - Advances in instrumentation are making Raman spectroscopy the tool of choice for an increasing number of chemical applications. For example, many recalcitrant industrial process monitoring problems have been solved in recent years with in-line Raman spectrometers. Raman is attractive for these applications for many reasons, including remote non-invasive sampling, minimal sample preparation and tolerance of water. To a lesser extent, Raman spectroscopy is beginning to play a significant role in environmental analysis for the same reasons. At present, the environmental applications typically apply only to the most contaminated situations due to the still relatively high limits of detection. However, some emerging sampling technologies hold out the promise that Raman may soon be more widely applicable to the analytical chemistry of potable water. Herein we discuss these recent advances, summarize some examples of environmental applications to aqueous systems and suggest avenues of future developments that we expect to be most useful for potable water analysis. Also, a simplified, but detailed, theory of normal Raman scattering is presented. While resonance-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and non-linear Raman techniques are briefly discussed, their theories and instrumental configurations are not addressed. Also, this article deals primarily with the modern dispersive Raman experiment (as opposed to the Fourier transform Raman experiment), because it seems most suited for potable water analysis. The goal of this article is to give the environmental scientist with no specialized knowledge of the topic just enough theory and background to evaluate the utility of this rapidly developing analytical tool. JF - Journal of Environmental Monitoring AU - Collette, T W AU - Williams, T L AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, 960 College Station Rd., Athens, GA 30605, USA, collette.tim@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 27 EP - 34 VL - 4 IS - 1 SN - 1464-0325, 1464-0325 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Drinking Water KW - Water Analysis KW - Potable Water KW - Chemical Analysis KW - Spectroscopy KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16136409?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Monitoring&rft.atitle=The+role+of+Raman+spectroscopy+in+the+analytical+chemistry+of+potable+water&rft.au=Collette%2C+T+W%3BWilliams%2C+T+L&rft.aulast=Collette&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Monitoring&rft.issn=14640325&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fb107274a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Drinking Water; Water Analysis; Potable Water; Chemical Analysis; Spectroscopy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b107274a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrologic Regionalization of Watersheds. I: Methodology Development AN - 16134208; 5315947 AB - A hydrologic regionalization scheme is proposed for classification of watersheds at gauged sites. This scheme used 16 streamflow parameters estimated by a time series model to classify 94 watersheds into 6 regions by cluster analysis. The classified regions seem to be separated by physiographical boundaries, especially the two main clusters. Discriminant analysis tests the significance of the cluster difference; thus, each cluster represents one hydrologic region. Principal component analysis interprets the regional differences and similarities. The regional membership is mainly identified by the watershed variables of elevation, forest area, channel slope, and precipitation based on the calculation of the scores of canonical discriminant variates. This emphasizes the importance of the hydrologic regionalization and the identification of the specific characteristics in each region. JF - Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management AU - Chiang, S-M AU - Tsay, T-K AU - Nix, S J AD - Office of Deputy Administrator, Environmental Protection Administration, 41, Sec. 1, Chung-Hwa Rd., Taipei, Taiwan, smchiang@sun.epa.gov.tw Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 3 EP - 11 VL - 128 IS - 1 SN - 0733-9496, 0733-9496 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Catchment area KW - Principal component analysis KW - Regional Analysis KW - Data handling KW - Principal Component Analysis KW - Statistical analysis KW - Watershed hydrology KW - Watersheds KW - Stream flow KW - Classification KW - Catchment areas KW - Statistical Analysis KW - Hydrology KW - Hydrologic Data KW - Data Interpretation KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - Q2 09127:General papers on resources KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16134208?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.atitle=Hydrologic+Regionalization+of+Watersheds.+I%3A+Methodology+Development&rft.au=Chiang%2C+S-M%3BTsay%2C+T-K%3BNix%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Chiang&rft.aufirst=S-M&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.issn=07339496&rft_id=info:doi/10.1061%2F%28ASCE%290733-9496%282002%29128%3A1%283%29 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Catchment area; Statistical analysis; Hydrology; Watersheds; Stream flow; Principal component analysis; Watershed hydrology; Data handling; Catchment areas; Regional Analysis; Classification; Principal Component Analysis; Statistical Analysis; Data Interpretation; Hydrologic Data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2002)128:1(3) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrologic Regionalization of Watersheds. II: Applications AN - 16132970; 5315948 AB - Multiple regression analysis (MRA) and a time series model (TSM) are developed and validated for using watershed characteristics to synthesize streamflow hydrographs. Relationships between the streamflow parameters and watershed variables are evaluated by canonical correlation analysis at 94 candidate watersheds. These relationships are constructed using MRA to predict streamflow parameters at six validation stations in two main hydrologic regions. The predicted streamflow parameters are applied to synthesizing specific monthly streamflows by using the developed TSM. The synthetic hydrographs are found to be mostly improved over those found from traditional simple regression equations. Statistical properties and reliability curves of the synthetic Qs are compared with those of the historical records. The statistical properties seem to be well preserved, and the reliability curves are reasonable in one hydrologic region but somewhat biased in the other. The proposed regionalization scheme is validated and therefore considered feasible and reliable for estimating monthly streamflows at ungauged sites. JF - Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management AU - Chiang, S-M AU - Tsay, T-K AU - Nix, S J AD - Office of Secretary General, Environmental Protection Administration, 41, Sec. 1, Chung-Hwa Rd., Taipei, Taiwan, smchiang@sun.epa.gov.tw Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 12 EP - 20 VL - 128 IS - 1 SN - 0733-9496, 0733-9496 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Catchment area KW - Regression Analysis KW - Time-series analysis KW - Statistical analysis KW - Watersheds KW - Time Series Analysis KW - Catchment areas KW - Streamflow analysis KW - Statistical Analysis KW - Regression analysis KW - Hydrology KW - Hydrographs KW - Hydrologic Data KW - Estimating KW - Streamflow KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Watershed hydrology KW - Model Studies KW - Stream flow KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - Q2 09127:General papers on resources KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16132970?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.atitle=Hydrologic+Regionalization+of+Watersheds.+II%3A+Applications&rft.au=Chiang%2C+S-M%3BTsay%2C+T-K%3BNix%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Chiang&rft.aufirst=S-M&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.issn=07339496&rft_id=info:doi/10.1061%2F%28ASCE%290733-9496%282002%29128%3A1%2812%29 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Catchment area; Statistical analysis; Hydrology; Watersheds; Stream flow; Streamflow analysis; Regression analysis; Watershed hydrology; Catchment areas; Time-series analysis; Hydrographs; Modelling (-general-); Regression Analysis; Time Series Analysis; Estimating; Statistical Analysis; Streamflow; Hydrologic Data; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2002)128:1(12) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distributed structure-searchable toxicity (DSSTox) public database network: a proposal. AN - 71408307; 11804603 AB - The ability to assess the potential genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, or other toxicity of pharmaceutical or industrial chemicals based on chemical structure information is a highly coveted and shared goal of varied academic, commercial, and government regulatory groups. These diverse interests often employ different approaches and have different criteria and use for toxicity assessments, but they share a need for unrestricted access to existing public toxicity data linked with chemical structure information. Currently, there exists no central repository of toxicity information, commercial or public, that adequately meets the data requirements for flexible analogue searching, Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) model development, or building of chemical relational databases (CRD). The distributed structure-searchable toxicity (DSSTox) public database network is being proposed as a community-supported, web-based effort to address these shared needs of the SAR and toxicology communities. The DSSTox project has the following major elements: (1) to adopt and encourage the use of a common standard file format (structure data file (SDF)) for public toxicity databases that includes chemical structure, text and property information, and that can easily be imported into available CRD applications; (2) to implement a distributed source approach, managed by a DSSTox Central Website, that will enable decentralized, free public access to structure-toxicity data files, and that will effectively link knowledgeable toxicity data sources with potential users of these data from other disciplines (such as chemistry, modeling, and computer science); and (3) to engage public/commercial/academic/industry groups in contributing to and expanding this community-wide, public data sharing and distribution effort. The DSSTox project's overall aims are to effect the closer association of chemical structure information with existing toxicity data, and to promote and facilitate structure-based exploration of these data within a common chemistry-based framework that spans toxicological disciplines. JF - Mutation research AU - Richard, Ann M AU - Williams, ClarLynda R AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Mail Drop 68, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratories, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. richard.ann@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/01/29/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jan 29 SP - 27 EP - 52 VL - 499 IS - 1 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Databases, Factual KW - Toxicology KW - Internet KW - Structure-Activity Relationship UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71408307?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Distributed+structure-searchable+toxicity+%28DSSTox%29+public+database+network%3A+a+proposal.&rft.au=Richard%2C+Ann+M%3BWilliams%2C+ClarLynda+R&rft.aulast=Richard&rft.aufirst=Ann&rft.date=2002-01-29&rft.volume=499&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-03-19 N1 - Date created - 2002-01-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Survey of contaminated sediment resuspension during capping AN - 39466804; 3643986 AU - Lyons, T AU - Cumming, L AU - Ickes, J AU - Magar, V S AU - Trulli, W AU - Albro, C AU - Myers, T Y1 - 2002/01/08/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jan 08 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 5500:Geoscience KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39466804?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Survey+of+contaminated+sediment+resuspension+during+capping&rft.au=Lyons%2C+T%3BCumming%2C+L%3BIckes%2C+J%3BMagar%2C+V+S%3BTrulli%2C+W%3BAlbro%2C+C%3BMyers%2C+T&rft.aulast=Lyons&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-01-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: International Erosion Control Association, P.O. Box 774904, 1355 S Lincoln Ave, Steamboat Springs, CO 80477-4904, USA; phone: 970-879-3010; fax: 970-879-8563; email: ecinfo@ieca.org; URL: www.ieca.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - NY/NJ Harbor dredged material decontamination and beneficial use demonstration AN - 39449992; 3643940 AU - Stern, E A AU - Jones, K W AU - Douglas, W S AU - Feng, H AU - Clesceri, N L AU - Lodge, J Y1 - 2002/01/08/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jan 08 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 5500:Geoscience KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39449992?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=NY%2FNJ+Harbor+dredged+material+decontamination+and+beneficial+use+demonstration&rft.au=Stern%2C+E+A%3BJones%2C+K+W%3BDouglas%2C+W+S%3BFeng%2C+H%3BClesceri%2C+N+L%3BLodge%2C+J&rft.aulast=Stern&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2002-01-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: International Erosion Control Association, P.O. Box 774904, 1355 S Lincoln Ave, Steamboat Springs, CO 80477-4904, USA; phone: 970-879-3010; fax: 970-879-8563; email: ecinfo@ieca.org; URL: www.ieca.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization and pH/Eh-based leaching tests of mining wastes containing mercury AN - 855197149; 2011-025286 JF - International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds AU - Chattopadhyay, Sandip AU - Ickes, Jennifer AU - Randall, Paul AU - Lipps, Jody A2 - Gavaskar, Arun R. A2 - Chen, Abraham S. C. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - Paper 2H EP - 06 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - desorption KW - halogens KW - bromide ion KW - trinitrotoluene KW - RDX KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - laboratory studies KW - triazines KW - explosives KW - water treatment KW - tracers KW - pH KW - Eh KW - liquid phase KW - Amarillo Texas KW - mines KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - Texas KW - potassium permanganate KW - Pantex Plant Site KW - bromine KW - aquifers KW - Potter County Texas KW - organic compounds KW - HMX KW - detection KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855197149?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.atitle=Characterization+and+pH%2FEh-based+leaching+tests+of+mining+wastes+containing+mercury&rft.au=Chattopadhyay%2C+Sandip%3BIckes%2C+Jennifer%3BRandall%2C+Paul%3BLipps%2C+Jody&rft.aulast=Chattopadhyay&rft.aufirst=Sandip&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international conference on Remediation of chlorinated and recalcitrant compounds N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05518 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Amarillo Texas; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; bromide ion; bromine; concentration; desorption; detection; Eh; experimental studies; explosives; ground water; halogens; HMX; in situ; laboratory studies; liquid phase; mines; organic compounds; oxidation; Pantex Plant Site; pH; pollutants; pollution; potassium permanganate; Potter County Texas; RDX; remediation; Texas; tracers; triazines; trinitrotoluene; United States; waste management; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solidification/stabilization; a low-cost treatment for wood preserving sites AN - 855197069; 2011-025330 JF - International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds AU - Bates, Edward R A2 - Gavaskar, Arun R. A2 - Chen, Abraham S. C. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - Paper 2H EP - 51 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3 KW - United States KW - soils KW - Jackson Tennessee KW - Jackson County Tennessee KW - pollutants KW - creosote KW - pollution KW - pentachlorophenol KW - dioxins KW - chlorophenols KW - remediation KW - waste management KW - organic compounds KW - toxicity KW - Tennessee KW - risk assessment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855197069?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.atitle=Solidification%2Fstabilization%3B+a+low-cost+treatment+for+wood+preserving+sites&rft.au=Bates%2C+Edward+R&rft.aulast=Bates&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international conference on Remediation of chlorinated and recalcitrant compounds N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05518 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorophenols; creosote; dioxins; Jackson County Tennessee; Jackson Tennessee; organic compounds; pentachlorophenol; pollutants; pollution; remediation; risk assessment; soils; Tennessee; toxicity; United States; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Occurrence of mercury-resistant microorganisms in mercury-contaminated soils and sediments in Pavlodar, Kazakhstan AN - 855197029; 2011-025289 JF - International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds AU - Abdrashitova, Svetlana A AU - Kavanaugh, Rathi G AU - Ilyushchenko, M A AU - Kalmykv, A Yu AU - Aitkeldieva, S A AU - Morris, Brian J AU - Devereux, Richard AU - Davis-Hoover, Wendy J A2 - Gavaskar, Arun R. A2 - Chen, Abraham S. C. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - Paper 2H EP - 09 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3 KW - soils KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - chemical waste KW - Central Asia KW - remediation KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - Pavlodar Kazakhstan KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - sediments KW - Kazakhstan KW - Irtysh River KW - Asia KW - Actinomyces KW - microorganisms KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855197029?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.atitle=Occurrence+of+mercury-resistant+microorganisms+in+mercury-contaminated+soils+and+sediments+in+Pavlodar%2C+Kazakhstan&rft.au=Abdrashitova%2C+Svetlana+A%3BKavanaugh%2C+Rathi+G%3BIlyushchenko%2C+M+A%3BKalmykv%2C+A+Yu%3BAitkeldieva%2C+S+A%3BMorris%2C+Brian+J%3BDevereux%2C+Richard%3BDavis-Hoover%2C+Wendy+J&rft.aulast=Abdrashitova&rft.aufirst=Svetlana&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international conference on Remediation of chlorinated and recalcitrant compounds N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05518 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Actinomyces; Asia; bacteria; Central Asia; chemical waste; Commonwealth of Independent States; contaminant plumes; Irtysh River; Kazakhstan; mercury; metals; microorganisms; Pavlodar Kazakhstan; pollutants; pollution; remediation; sediments; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lessons learned from optimization of pump and treat systems nationwide AN - 855197014; 2011-025236 JF - International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds AU - Sutton, Douglas J AU - Greenwald, Robert AU - Rich, Peter AU - Becker, David J AU - Yager, Kathleen A2 - Gavaskar, Arun R. A2 - Chen, Abraham S. C. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - Paper 2E EP - 04 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3 KW - technology KW - engineering properties KW - Superfund KW - water management KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - cost KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - transport KW - water treatment KW - pump-and-treat KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855197014?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.atitle=Lessons+learned+from+optimization+of+pump+and+treat+systems+nationwide&rft.au=Sutton%2C+Douglas+J%3BGreenwald%2C+Robert%3BRich%2C+Peter%3BBecker%2C+David+J%3BYager%2C+Kathleen&rft.aulast=Sutton&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international conference on Remediation of chlorinated and recalcitrant compounds N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05518 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; cost; engineering properties; ground water; optimization; pollution; pump-and-treat; remediation; Superfund; technology; transport; water management; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of predicted and observed plume trends at contaminated sites AN - 855196982; 2011-025221 JF - International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds AU - Henry, Bruce M AU - Hicks, John R AU - Wiedemeier, Todd H AU - Hansen, Jerry E AU - Kampbell, Donald H A2 - Gavaskar, Arun R. A2 - Chen, Abraham S. C. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - Paper 2D EP - 04 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3 KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - degradation KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollutants KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - rates KW - BTEX KW - remediation KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - solvents KW - dynamics KW - decontamination KW - natural attenuation KW - hydrocarbons KW - weathering rates KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855196982?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+predicted+and+observed+plume+trends+at+contaminated+sites&rft.au=Henry%2C+Bruce+M%3BHicks%2C+John+R%3BWiedemeier%2C+Todd+H%3BHansen%2C+Jerry+E%3BKampbell%2C+Donald+H&rft.aulast=Henry&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international conference on Remediation of chlorinated and recalcitrant compounds N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05518 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; BTEX; concentration; contaminant plumes; decontamination; degradation; dynamics; hydrocarbons; models; monitoring; natural attenuation; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; prediction; rates; remediation; solvents; weathering rates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Complete natural attenuation of PCE and TCE without vinyl chloride and ethene accumulation AN - 855196977; 2011-025219 JF - International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds AU - Ferrey, Mark AU - Wilson, John A2 - Gavaskar, Arun R. A2 - Chen, Abraham S. C. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - Paper 2D EP - 02 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3 KW - vinyl chloride KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - contaminant plumes KW - pumping KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - Twin Cities Army Ammunition Plant KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - ground water KW - ethylene KW - transport KW - alkenes KW - natural attenuation KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Minnesota KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - Ramsey County Minnesota KW - hydrocarbons KW - shallow aquifers KW - trichloroethylene KW - military facilities KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855196977?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.atitle=Complete+natural+attenuation+of+PCE+and+TCE+without+vinyl+chloride+and+ethene+accumulation&rft.au=Ferrey%2C+Mark%3BWilson%2C+John&rft.aulast=Ferrey&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international conference on Remediation of chlorinated and recalcitrant compounds N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05518 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkenes; aquifers; chlorinated hydrocarbons; contaminant plumes; ethylene; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; military facilities; Minnesota; natural attenuation; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; pumping; Ramsey County Minnesota; shallow aquifers; tetrachloroethylene; transport; trichloroethylene; Twin Cities Army Ammunition Plant; United States; vinyl chloride ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulatory perspective; in situ chemical oxidation pilot test in fractured granite AN - 855196968; 2011-025213 JF - International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds AU - Brandon, Bill AU - Marajih-Whittemore, Patty AU - McTigue, Dave AU - Chaffin, David A2 - Gavaskar, Arun R. A2 - Chen, Abraham S. C. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - Paper 2C EP - 45 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - water quality KW - contaminant plumes KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - ground water KW - partitioning KW - South Weymouth Naval Air Station KW - Massachusetts KW - chemical properties KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - concentration KW - in situ KW - oxidation KW - injection KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - Fenton's reagents KW - Plymouth County Massachusetts KW - volatile organic compounds KW - hydrogen peroxide KW - shallow aquifers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855196968?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.atitle=Regulatory+perspective%3B+in+situ+chemical+oxidation+pilot+test+in+fractured+granite&rft.au=Brandon%2C+Bill%3BMarajih-Whittemore%2C+Patty%3BMcTigue%2C+Dave%3BChaffin%2C+David&rft.aulast=Brandon&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international conference on Remediation of chlorinated and recalcitrant compounds N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05518 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; chemical properties; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; contaminant plumes; Fenton's reagents; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrogen peroxide; in situ; injection; leaking underground storage tanks; Massachusetts; organic compounds; oxidation; partitioning; Plymouth County Massachusetts; pollution; shallow aquifers; South Weymouth Naval Air Station; tetrachloroethylene; United States; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Design and operation of land treatment units at wood-treating sites AN - 855196953; 2011-025332 JF - International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds AU - Harris, James C AU - Stordahl, Darrel A2 - Gavaskar, Arun R. A2 - Chen, Abraham S. C. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - Paper 2H EP - 53 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3 KW - United States KW - soils KW - fertilizers KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - moisture KW - reclamation KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - chemical waste KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - irrigation KW - nutrients KW - pentach KW - leachate KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855196953?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.atitle=Design+and+operation+of+land+treatment+units+at+wood-treating+sites&rft.au=Harris%2C+James+C%3BStordahl%2C+Darrel&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international conference on Remediation of chlorinated and recalcitrant compounds N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05518 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioremediation; chemical waste; decision-making; fertilizers; irrigation; leachate; moisture; nutrients; pentach; pollutants; pollution; reclamation; remediation; soils; Superfund; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating percent removal for a soil venting project AN - 855196784; 2011-025345 JF - International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds AU - Simon, Michelle A AU - Lancaster, Vicki Ann AU - Hicks, James E A2 - Gavaskar, Arun R. A2 - Chen, Abraham S. C. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - Paper 3A EP - 06 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3 KW - soils KW - concentration KW - spatial data KW - soil vapor extraction KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - models KW - computer programs KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - sampling KW - volatile organic compounds KW - EarthVision KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855196784?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.atitle=Estimating+percent+removal+for+a+soil+venting+project&rft.au=Simon%2C+Michelle+A%3BLancaster%2C+Vicki+Ann%3BHicks%2C+James+E&rft.aulast=Simon&rft.aufirst=Michelle&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international conference on Remediation of chlorinated and recalcitrant compounds N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05518 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computer programs; concentration; data processing; EarthVision; models; organic compounds; pollution; remediation; sampling; soil vapor extraction; soils; spatial data; unsaturated zone; volatile organic compounds; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fate and transport potential for dissolved polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from a shallow to a deep aquifer at the Madisonville Creosote Works AN - 855196771; 2011-025329 JF - International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds AU - Lee, Roger W AU - Tzhone, Stephen A2 - Gavaskar, Arun R. A2 - Chen, Abraham S. C. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - Paper 2H EP - 50 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3 KW - United States KW - biodegradation KW - water supply KW - contaminant plumes KW - Superfund KW - Madisonville Creosote Works KW - pollution KW - observation wells KW - drinking water KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - Saint Tammany Parish Louisiana KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - shallow aquifers KW - risk assessment KW - Louisiana KW - Upland Terrace Aquifer KW - permeability KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855196771?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.atitle=Fate+and+transport+potential+for+dissolved+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons+from+a+shallow+to+a+deep+aquifer+at+the+Madisonville+Creosote+Works&rft.au=Lee%2C+Roger+W%3BTzhone%2C+Stephen&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international conference on Remediation of chlorinated and recalcitrant compounds N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05518 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; biodegradation; contaminant plumes; drinking water; hydrocarbons; Louisiana; Madisonville Creosote Works; observation wells; organic compounds; permeability; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; risk assessment; Saint Tammany Parish Louisiana; shallow aquifers; Superfund; United States; Upland Terrace Aquifer; water supply ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermal-enhanced SVE of PCE under a dry cleaning establishment; a case study AN - 855196700; 2011-025270 JF - International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds AU - Jepsen, Jarl D AU - Jorgensen, Torben AU - Skov, Hans AU - Fuglsang, Inger A A2 - Gavaskar, Arun R. A2 - Chen, Abraham S. C. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - Paper 2G EP - 08 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - contaminant plumes KW - soil vapor extraction KW - techniques KW - Europe KW - drinking water KW - temperature KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - decontamination KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Denmark KW - pump-and-treat KW - soils KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - concentration KW - Western Europe KW - pollutants KW - thermal properties KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - Scandinavia KW - organic compounds KW - Odense Denmark KW - saturation KW - trichloroethylene KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855196700?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.atitle=Thermal-enhanced+SVE+of+PCE+under+a+dry+cleaning+establishment%3B+a+case+study&rft.au=Jepsen%2C+Jarl+D%3BJorgensen%2C+Torben%3BSkov%2C+Hans%3BFuglsang%2C+Inger+A&rft.aulast=Jepsen&rft.aufirst=Jarl&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international conference on Remediation of chlorinated and recalcitrant compounds N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05518 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; contaminant plumes; decontamination; Denmark; drinking water; Europe; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; leaking underground storage tanks; Odense Denmark; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; pump-and-treat; remediation; saturation; Scandinavia; sediments; soil vapor extraction; soils; techniques; temperature; thermal properties; trichloroethylene; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Concurrent injection of cosolvent and air for enhanced PCE removal AN - 855196699; 2011-025198 JF - International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds AU - Jeong, Seung-Woo AU - Wood, A Lynn AU - Lee, Tony R Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - Paper 2C EP - 30 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - experimental studies KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - preferential flow KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - buoyancy KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - solvents KW - soil flushing KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - dynamic properties KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855196699?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.atitle=Concurrent+injection+of+cosolvent+and+air+for+enhanced+PCE+removal&rft.au=Jeong%2C+Seung-Woo%3BWood%2C+A+Lynn%3BLee%2C+Tony+R&rft.aulast=Jeong&rft.aufirst=Seung-Woo&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international conference on Remediation of chlorinated and recalcitrant compounds N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - #05518 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; buoyancy; chlorinated hydrocarbons; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; dynamic properties; experimental studies; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; laboratory studies; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; pollution; porous materials; preferential flow; remediation; soil flushing; solutes; solvents; tetrachloroethylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil vapor sampling and modeling for indoor air risk characterization AN - 855196535; 2011-025240 JF - International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds AU - Marley, Michael C AU - Walsh, Matthew AU - Polonsky, Jon AU - Cody, Raphael A2 - Gavaskar, Arun R. A2 - Chen, Abraham S. C. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - Paper 2E EP - 08 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3 KW - United States KW - concentration KW - moisture KW - soil vapor extraction KW - reclamation KW - characterization KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - air pollution KW - models KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - sampling KW - volatile organic compounds KW - risk assessment KW - Colorado KW - permeability KW - Superfund sites KW - public health KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855196535?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.atitle=Soil+vapor+sampling+and+modeling+for+indoor+air+risk+characterization&rft.au=Marley%2C+Michael+C%3BWalsh%2C+Matthew%3BPolonsky%2C+Jon%3BCody%2C+Raphael&rft.aulast=Marley&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international conference on Remediation of chlorinated and recalcitrant compounds N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05518 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution; aquifers; characterization; Colorado; concentration; decision-making; ground water; models; moisture; organic compounds; permeability; pollution; public health; reclamation; risk assessment; sampling; soil vapor extraction; Superfund sites; United States; volatile organic compounds; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field evaluation of DNAPL extraction technologies; project overview AN - 855195856; 2011-025258 JF - International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds AU - Wood, A L AU - Lee, T R AU - Enfield, C G AU - Brooks, M C AU - McHale, T J A2 - Gavaskar, Arun R. A2 - Chen, Abraham S. C. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - Paper 2F EP - 11 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Kent County Delaware KW - contaminant plumes KW - soil vapor extraction KW - techniques KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - air sparging KW - sugars KW - remediation KW - partitioning KW - Dover Air Force Base KW - tracers KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - carbohydrates KW - Delaware KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - solubility KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - organic compounds KW - saturation KW - surfactants KW - testing KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855195856?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.atitle=Field+evaluation+of+DNAPL+extraction+technologies%3B+project+overview&rft.au=Wood%2C+A+L%3BLee%2C+T+R%3BEnfield%2C+C+G%3BBrooks%2C+M+C%3BMcHale%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international conference on Remediation of chlorinated and recalcitrant compounds N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05518 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air sparging; carbohydrates; chlorinated hydrocarbons; contaminant plumes; Delaware; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; Dover Air Force Base; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydraulic conductivity; Kent County Delaware; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; partitioning; pollutants; pollution; remediation; saturation; soil vapor extraction; solubility; sugars; surfactants; techniques; testing; tetrachloroethylene; tracers; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mercury Accumulation in Foliage over Time in Two Northern Mixed-Hardwood Forests AN - 817604164; 13726770 AB - Concentrations of mercury (Hg) in live foliage increased ten-fold from spring bud break (mean c std. dev. from bothsites: 3.5c1.3 ng g super(-1)) to autumn litterfall(36c8 ng g super(-1)). Mercury in foliage did not behavesimilarly to eight other elements with known soil or aerosolsources (Aluminum (Al), Vanadium (V), Strontium (Sr), Rubidium(Rb), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Barium (Ba), and lead (Pb)),suggesting that Hg originated from a distinct pathway. Based onmeasured and modeled data, uptake of only 25% of the availableambient dry deposited Hg super(0) could explain all of the Hgmeasured in foliage throughout the growing season. Estimates ofgaseous elemental Hg (Hg super(0)) uptake from soil water accountedfor 3-14%% of the Hg in litterfall. Mercury deposition toforested sites in the Lake Champlain and Lake Huron basins washighest in litterfall (40%), followed by total throughfall(33%), and precipitation (27%). The Hg flux in litterfall was15.8c1.9~kg m super(-2) yr super(-1) to the Lake ChamplainWatershed in 1995 and was 11.4c2.8~kg m super(-2) yr super(-1) to the Lake Huron Watershed in 1996. In comparison, the Hg fluxes in precipitation and total throughfall were 9.0c0.6 and 11.6c0.7~kg m super(-2) yr super(-1)in the Lake Champlain Watershed (1995), and 8.7c0.5 and 10.5c1.0~kg m super(-2) yr super(-1) in the Lake Huron Watershed (1996). JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Rea, A W AU - Lindberg, SE AU - Scherbatskoy, T AU - Keeler, G J AD - University of Michigan Air Quality Laboratory, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, U.S.A., Rea.Anne@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - Jan 2002 SP - 49 EP - 67 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 133 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Heavy metals KW - Forests KW - Basins KW - Copper KW - Watersheds KW - North America, Huron L. KW - Lead KW - Soil KW - Lakes KW - foliage KW - North America, Champlain L. KW - Absorption KW - Mercury in the atmosphere KW - Vanadium KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Growing season KW - throughfall KW - Soil contamination KW - Barium KW - Mercury KW - Soil moisture KW - Foliage KW - Zinc KW - Data processing KW - Precipitation KW - Water pollution KW - Soil pollution KW - Air pollution KW - Mercury deposition KW - Aluminum KW - Aluminium KW - Throughfall KW - Strontium KW - Accumulation KW - X 24390:Radioactive Materials KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes KW - M2 556.14:Infiltration/Soil Moisture (556.14) KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/817604164?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Mercury+Accumulation+in+Foliage+over+Time+in+Two+Northern+Mixed-Hardwood+Forests&rft.au=Rea%2C+A+W%3BLindberg%2C+SE%3BScherbatskoy%2C+T%3BKeeler%2C+G+J&rft.aulast=Rea&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=133&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1012919731598 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vanadium; Air pollution; Heavy metals; Barium; Aluminium; Mercury; Strontium; Watersheds; Water pollution; Foliage; Data processing; Basins; Forests; Copper; Precipitation; Soil pollution; Lakes; Zinc; Aluminum; Throughfall; Mercury in the atmosphere; Growing season; Mercury deposition; Atmospheric pollution; Soil moisture; Soil; foliage; throughfall; Soil contamination; Lead; Absorption; Accumulation; North America, Champlain L.; North America, Huron L. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1012919731598 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Levoglucosan in PM2.5 at the Fresno supersite. AN - 72909297; 15152659 AB - Ambient air monitoring for PM2.5 has been conducted on a daily basis at the Fresno, CA, supersite since 1999. It has been found that PM2.5 concentrations routinely exceed the National Ambient Air Quality Standards during the winter months. In an effort to determine the effect of biomass burning on PM2.5 concentrations, samples during 2000 were analyzed for levoglucosan, palmitic acid, and stearic acid. The results of this study are presented. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995) AU - Poore, M W AD - California Environmental Protection Agency, California Air Resources Board, Monitoring and Laboratory Division, Sacramento, California 95814, USA. Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - January 2002 SP - 3 EP - 4 VL - 52 IS - 1 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Hazardous Waste KW - 1,6-anhydro-beta-glucopyranose KW - 498-07-7 KW - Glucose KW - IY9XDZ35W2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - California KW - Particle Size KW - Glucose -- analogs & derivatives KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Glucose -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72909297?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.atitle=Levoglucosan+in+PM2.5+at+the+Fresno+supersite.&rft.au=Poore%2C+M+W&rft.aulast=Poore&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-06-01 N1 - Date created - 2004-05-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relation between elevated ambient temperature and mortality: a review of the epidemiologic evidence. AN - 72890902; 12762092 JF - Epidemiologic reviews AU - Basu, Rupa AU - Samet, Jonathan M AD - Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. basu.rupa@epa.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 190 EP - 202 VL - 24 IS - 2 SN - 0193-936X, 0193-936X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Body Temperature KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Heat Stress Disorders -- mortality KW - Hot Temperature -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Mortality -- trends UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72890902?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Epidemiologic+reviews&rft.atitle=Relation+between+elevated+ambient+temperature+and+mortality%3A+a+review+of+the+epidemiologic+evidence.&rft.au=Basu%2C+Rupa%3BSamet%2C+Jonathan+M&rft.aulast=Basu&rft.aufirst=Rupa&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=190&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Epidemiologic+reviews&rft.issn=0193936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-07-10 N1 - Date created - 2003-05-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) on arsenite-induced genotoxicity. AN - 72774119; 12489113 AB - Arsenic, a human carcinogen, is genotoxic, although its mechanism(s) of action for tumorigenesis is not well understood. Among the toxicity-related properties of this chemical are its clastogenic and aneugenic activities, as well as its capacity for inducing stress-response in the form of elevated heat shock protein (HSP) expression. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of Hsp70 expression on arsenite (As)-induced structural and numerical chromosome anomalies in human cells. Human MCF-7 Tet-off cells stably transfected with a pTRE/Hsp70-1 transgene construct were used to regulate Hsp70 levels prior to in vitro As exposures. Separate cultures of relatively high vs. low Hsp70-expressing cells were established. A cytokinesis block micronucleus assay with kinetochore immunostaining was used to detect micronuclei (MN) derived from chromosome breakage (K-MN) or loss (K+MN). These studies demonstrated significant increases in micronucleus frequencies in response to As following either a long exposure (5 or 10 microM for 46 hr), or short exposure (10 or 40 microM for 8 hr) protocol. Overall, the long protocol was more efficient in producing K+MN and cells with multiple MN. Overexpressing Hsp70 resulted in significant reductions in the percent of cells positive for MN for both the long and short As exposure protocols. Both K+ and K- types of As-induced MN were lower in cells with elevated Hsp70 as compared to cells without overexpression of Hsp70. We conclude that the dose and duration of As exposure influence the type as well as amount of chromosomal alteration produced and that inducible Hsp70 protects against both the clastogenic and aneugenic effects of this chemical. Published 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - Environmental and molecular mutagenesis AU - Barnes, J A AU - Collins, B W AU - Dix, D J AU - Allen, J W AD - National Research Council, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. Jill_Barnes@ncsu.edu Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 236 EP - 242 VL - 40 IS - 4 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Arsenites KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens KW - HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins KW - Sodium Compounds KW - sodium arsenite KW - 48OVY2OC72 KW - arsenite KW - N5509X556J KW - Index Medicus KW - Kinetochores -- drug effects KW - Micronucleus Tests KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Transfection KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - DNA Damage KW - Humans KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Chromosomes -- drug effects KW - Up-Regulation KW - Time Factors KW - HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72774119?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Effects+of+heat+shock+protein+70+%28Hsp70%29+on+arsenite-induced+genotoxicity.&rft.au=Barnes%2C+J+A%3BCollins%2C+B+W%3BDix%2C+D+J%3BAllen%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Barnes&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=236&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-02-10 N1 - Date created - 2002-12-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Utility of three types of mass spectrometers for determining elemental compositions of ions formed from chromatographically separated compounds. AN - 72757456; 12478582 AB - Concentration factors of 1000 and more reveal dozens of compounds in extracts of water supplies. Library mass spectra for most of these compounds are not available, and alternative means of identification are needed. Determination of the elemental compositions of the ions in mass spectra makes feasible searches of commercial and chemical literature that often lead to compound identification. Instrumental capabilities that constrain the utility of a mass spectrometer for determining ion compositions for compounds that elute from a chromatographic column are scan speed, mass accuracy, linear dynamic range, and resolving power. Mass peak profiling from selected ion recording data (MPPSIRD) performed with a double-focusing mass spectrometer provides the best combination of these capabilities. This technique provides unique ion compositions for ions of higher mass from compounds eluting from a gas chromatograph than can be obtained by orthogonal acceleration time-of-flight (oa-TOF) or Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Multiple compositions are usually possible for an ion with a mass exceeding 150 Da within the error limits of the mass measurement. The correct composition is selected based on measured exact masses of the mass peak profiles resulting from isotopic ions higher in mass by 1 and 2 Da and accurate measurement of the summed abundances of these isotopic ions relative to the monoisotopic ion. A profile generation model (PGM) automatically determines which compositions are consistent with measured exact masses and relative abundances. The utility of oa-TOF and double-focusing mass spectrometry using ion composition elucidation (MPPSIRD plus the PGM) are considered for determining ion compositions of two compounds found in drinking water extracts and a third compound from a monitoring well at a landfill. Published in 2002 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM AU - Grange, Andrew H AU - Genicola, Floyd A AU - Sovocool, G Wayne AD - Environmental Sciences Division, NERL, U.S. EPA, PO Box 93478, Las Vegas, NV 89193-3478, USA. grange.andrew@epa.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 2356 EP - 2369 VL - 16 IS - 24 SN - 0951-4198, 0951-4198 KW - Ions KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Water Pollutants -- analysis KW - Ions -- chemistry KW - Ions -- analysis KW - Fourier Analysis KW - Molecular Weight KW - Water Supply -- analysis KW - Water -- chemistry KW - Mass Spectrometry -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72757456?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rapid+communications+in+mass+spectrometry+%3A+RCM&rft.atitle=Utility+of+three+types+of+mass+spectrometers+for+determining+elemental+compositions+of+ions+formed+from+chromatographically+separated+compounds.&rft.au=Grange%2C+Andrew+H%3BGenicola%2C+Floyd+A%3BSovocool%2C+G+Wayne&rft.aulast=Grange&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=2356&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rapid+communications+in+mass+spectrometry+%3A+RCM&rft.issn=09514198&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-02-11 N1 - Date created - 2002-12-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Review of indoor emission source models. Part 2. Parameter estimation. AN - 72705489; 12442781 AB - This review consists of two parts. Part 1 provides an overview of 52 indoor emission source models. Part 2--this paper-focuses on parameter estimation, a topic that is critical to modelers but has never been systematically discussed. A perfectly valid model may not be a useful one if some of its parameters are difficult to estimate in the absence of experimental data. This is true for both statistical and mass transfer models. Forty-eight methods are compiled and reviewed in this paper. Overall, developing methods for parameter estimation has fallen behind the development of models. Such imbalance is the main reason that many models have been left on the shelf since they were published. JF - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) AU - Guo, Zhishi AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. guo.zhishi@epa.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 551 EP - 564 VL - 120 IS - 3 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - Index Medicus KW - Diffusion KW - Atmospheric Pressure KW - Risk Assessment KW - Air Pollution, Indoor KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72705489?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.atitle=Review+of+indoor+emission+source+models.+Part+2.+Parameter+estimation.&rft.au=Guo%2C+Zhishi&rft.aulast=Guo&rft.aufirst=Zhishi&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=551&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-03-19 N1 - Date created - 2002-11-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Escherichia coli and total coliforms in water and sediments at lake marinas. AN - 72697409; 12442800 AB - Escherichia coli, a fecal coliform, and total coliforms were monitored between September 1999 and October 2001 in five marinas at Lake Texoma, located on the Oklahoma and Texas border. The general trend was that densities of E. coli were lower in the summer season due to the lower loading of fecal material into Lake Texoma and the ecological conditions of the lake, such as more vigorous grazing by protozoa and less viability of E. coli at an elevated temperature. The densities of total coliforms greatly increased in the summer. E. coli levels increased with depth, and the bottom water samples had higher densities of E. coli mainly due to their association with particles. There was a direct relationship between amount of gasoline sold, which was related to recreational boating activity, and the resuspension of E. coli. This indicated that recreational boating activity in lake marinas may have resuspended bottom sediments with bound E. coli, and the presence of E. coli in marinas was not an indication of recent fecal contamination. E. coli were detected in the largest densities at the boat dock points, followed by the gasoline filling station, and marina entrance. In addition, enumeration of bacteria in bottom sediment showed that the densities of E. coli and total coliforms in sediment were much higher compared to those in lake water. JF - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) AU - An, Youn-Joo AU - Kampbell, Donald H AU - Breidenbach, G Peter AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Ada, OK 74820, USA. anyjoo@ewha.ac.kr Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 771 EP - 778 VL - 120 IS - 3 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - Index Medicus KW - Ships KW - Enterobacteriaceae -- isolation & purification KW - Geologic Sediments KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Water Pollution KW - Escherichia coli -- isolation & purification KW - Fresh Water KW - Water Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72697409?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.atitle=Escherichia+coli+and+total+coliforms+in+water+and+sediments+at+lake+marinas.&rft.au=An%2C+Youn-Joo%3BKampbell%2C+Donald+H%3BBreidenbach%2C+G+Peter&rft.aulast=An&rft.aufirst=Youn-Joo&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=771&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-03-19 N1 - Date created - 2002-11-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Review of indoor emission source models. Part 1. Overview. AN - 72697315; 12442780 AB - Indoor emission source models are mainly used as a component in indoor air quality (IAQ) modeling, which, in turn, is part of exposure and risk modeling. They are also widely used to interpret the experimental data obtained from environmental chambers and buildings. This paper compiles 52 indoor emission source models found in the literature. Together, they represent the achievements that IAQ modelers have made in recent years. While most models have a certain degree of usefulness, genuine predictive models are still few, and there is undoubtedly much room for improvement. This review consists of two parts. Part 1--this paper-provides an overview of the 52 models, briefly discussing their validity, usefulness, limitations, and flaws (if any). Part 2 focuses on parameter estimation, a topic that is critically important to modelers but has not been systematically discussed. JF - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) AU - Guo, Zhishi AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. guo.zhishi@epa.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 533 EP - 549 VL - 120 IS - 3 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - Index Medicus KW - Risk Assessment KW - Air Pollution, Indoor KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72697315?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.atitle=Review+of+indoor+emission+source+models.+Part+1.+Overview.&rft.au=Guo%2C+Zhishi&rft.aulast=Guo&rft.aufirst=Zhishi&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=533&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-03-19 N1 - Date created - 2002-11-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spider webs as environmental indicators. AN - 72688938; 12442796 AB - Analysis of spider webs from limestone arches in New South Wales, Australia showed levels of lead and zinc to be several times higher at Jenolan Caves than reference sites at Abercrombie and Wombeyan Caves. The high concentrations at Jenolan were attributed to emissions from motor vehicles that travel through the arch. Analysis of water-soluble ions in webs from Jenolan and Abercrombie Caves showed large differences between the sites, which could be explained by differences in the geology and biology of the cave environments. Spider webs proved useful indicators of environmental chemistry and undoubtedly have applications beyond the cave environments studied here. JF - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) AU - Hose, G C AU - James, J M AU - Gray, M R AD - Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia. hoseg@epa.nsw.gov.au Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 725 EP - 733 VL - 120 IS - 3 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Metals, Heavy KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - New South Wales KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Spiders KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis KW - Metals, Heavy -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72688938?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.atitle=Spider+webs+as+environmental+indicators.&rft.au=Hose%2C+G+C%3BJames%2C+J+M%3BGray%2C+M+R&rft.aulast=Hose&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=725&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-03-19 N1 - Date created - 2002-11-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of calcium-dependent and -independent signaling pathways involved in polychlorinated biphenyl-induced cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein phosphorylation in developing cortical neurons. AN - 72670575; 12421622 AB - Cyclic AMP (cAMP)-responsive element-binding protein (CREB) is a transcription factor important in developing nervous system cells and is activated by a variety of signaling molecules. Aroclor 1254 (A1254), a polychlorinated biphenyl mixture, perturbs Ca(2+) homeostasis and increases CREB phosphorylation in rat neonatal cortical cell cultures in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. The present experiments determined that the cell type responding to A1254 with Ca(2+) increases and phosphorylated CREB (phospho-CREB) was predominantly of neuronal morphology and microtubule-associated protein (MAP2)-positive phenotype. Similarly, glutamate (100 microM) increased phospho-CREB immunoreactivity selectively in MAP2-immunopositive cells. Using Western blotting and immunocytochemical techniques, we identified key signal transduction pathways operative in phosphorylating CREB in cortical cell cultures and examined their participation in 3 ppm A1254-induced CREB activation. Cortical cultures treated with glutamate, forskolin or the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate exhibited robust increases in phospho-CREB. Tetrodotoxin (1 microM) completely inhibited CREB phosphorylation by A1254, suggesting that synaptic activity is involved in A1254-induced CREB activation. Buffering [Ca(2+)](i) with bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid tetrakis(acetoxymethyl) ester in the absence of extracellular Ca(2+) partially inhibited A1254-induced CREB phosphorylation. Inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase (10 microM U0126) or protein kinase C (PKC; bisindoylmaleimide, 5 microM) activation did not inhibit A1254-induced CREB phosphorylation. By contrast, inhibition of protein kinase A (PKA) with 100 microM PKA inhibitor peptide, PKI, blocked A1254-induced CREB phosphorylation. Thus, we examined whether A1254 activates PKA by increasing cAMP; 10 microM forskolin, but not A1254, elevated intracellular cAMP levels. These results indicate that in neocortical cells in culture, CREB phosphorylation occurs via Ca(2+)-, PKA-, and PKC-dependent pathways. Furthermore, A1254-induced CREB phosphorylation occurs predominantly in neurons, is dependent on synaptic activity and mediated by Ca(2+)- and PKA-dependent pathways. JF - Neuroscience AU - Inglefield, J R AU - Mundy, W R AU - Meacham, C A AU - Shafer, T J AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 559 EP - 573 VL - 115 IS - 2 SN - 0306-4522, 0306-4522 KW - Antithyroid Agents KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens KW - Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein KW - Chlorodiphenyl (54% Chlorine) KW - 11097-69-1 KW - Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases KW - EC 2.7.11.11 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Neuroglia -- metabolism KW - Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases -- metabolism KW - Cerebral Cortex -- cytology KW - Carcinogens -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Rats, Long-Evans KW - Synaptic Transmission -- drug effects KW - Cerebral Cortex -- growth & development KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Synaptic Transmission -- physiology KW - Neuroglia -- drug effects KW - Phosphorylation -- drug effects KW - Chlorodiphenyl (54% Chlorine) -- pharmacology KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Signal Transduction -- physiology KW - Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein -- metabolism KW - Neurons -- metabolism KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Signal Transduction -- drug effects KW - Antithyroid Agents -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72670575?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Identification+of+calcium-dependent+and+-independent+signaling+pathways+involved+in+polychlorinated+biphenyl-induced+cyclic+AMP-responsive+element-binding+protein+phosphorylation+in+developing+cortical+neurons.&rft.au=Inglefield%2C+J+R%3BMundy%2C+W+R%3BMeacham%2C+C+A%3BShafer%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Inglefield&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=115&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=559&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuroscience&rft.issn=03064522&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-23 N1 - Date created - 2002-11-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biaxial flex-fatigue and viral penetration of natural rubber latex gloves before and after artificial aging. AN - 72667757; 12418018 AB - Barrier integrity of unaged and oven-aged (at 70 degrees C) natural rubber latex examination gloves was assessed with a biaxial flex-fatigue method where failure was detected electronically, and by live viral penetration testing performed according to a modified version of ASTM F1671-97a. When no change in barrier properties was detected during flex testing, no virus passage was found after viral challenge. Conversely, when a change in the barrier properties was indicated by the electrical signal, virus passage was found in 74% of the specimens. Flex-fatigue results indicated that unaged test specimens from powdered (PD) and powder-free (PF) nonchlorinated gloves had significantly longer fatigue lives than powder-free chlorinated (CL) gloves from the same manufacturer. Biaxial flexing of oven-aged glove specimens showed a marginal increase in fatigue life for the PF gloves, but no increase for the PD gloves. The fatigue life of the CL gloves was observed to increase significantly after oven aging. However, this appears to be due to a design feature of the test apparatus, wherein peak volume displacement of the worked specimen is held constant. An aging-induced change in the viscoelastic properties of the CL gloves-permanent deformation of the specimens early in the fatigue test-relieves the stress magnitude applied as the test progresses. Thus, permanent deformation acts as a confounding factor in measuring durability of latex gloves by fixed displacement flex-fatigue. Copyright 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. JF - Journal of biomedical materials research AU - Schwerin, Matthew R AU - Walsh, Donna L AU - Coleman Richardson, D AU - Kisielewski, Richard W AU - Kotz, Richard M AU - Routson, Licia B AU - David Lytle, C AD - Office of Science and Technology (HFZ-150), Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, 9200 Corporate Boulevard, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA. mrs@cdrh.fda.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 739 EP - 745 VL - 63 IS - 6 SN - 0021-9304, 0021-9304 KW - Biocompatible Materials KW - 0 KW - Chlorine Compounds KW - Powders KW - Rubber KW - 9006-04-6 KW - Index Medicus KW - Bacteriophage phi X 174 -- isolation & purification KW - Hot Temperature KW - Stress, Mechanical KW - Humans KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Materials Testing KW - Time Factors KW - Gloves, Protective -- adverse effects KW - Gloves, Protective -- virology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72667757?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+biomedical+materials+research&rft.atitle=Biaxial+flex-fatigue+and+viral+penetration+of+natural+rubber+latex+gloves+before+and+after+artificial+aging.&rft.au=Schwerin%2C+Matthew+R%3BWalsh%2C+Donna+L%3BColeman+Richardson%2C+D%3BKisielewski%2C+Richard+W%3BKotz%2C+Richard+M%3BRoutson%2C+Licia+B%3BDavid+Lytle%2C+C&rft.aulast=Schwerin&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=739&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+biomedical+materials+research&rft.issn=00219304&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-06-13 N1 - Date created - 2002-11-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of marine water quality criteria for the USA. AN - 72625911; 12398371 AB - The US Environmental Protection Agency has developed guidelines for deriving numerical national water quality criteria for the protection of aquatic organisms and their uses. These guidelines provide the method for deriving water quality criteria, including minimum data base requirements, data evaluation procedures, and calculations. The guidelines have been in place for a long time, and states have used them to derive water quality standards for their water bodies. More recent efforts have been directed towards the development of technical guidance based on the concept that bioassessment and biocriteria programs for estuaries and near coastal waters are interrelated and are critical components of comprehensive water resource protection and management. This is a holistic approach to protection and management, integrating biological assessments into traditional chemical and physical evaluations and augmenting the established water quality criteria. The method for deriving water quality criteria and the approach for biocriteria development for marine systems are described. JF - Marine pollution bulletin AU - Russo, R C AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, GA 30605-2700, USA. russo.rosemarie@epa.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 84 EP - 91 VL - 45 IS - 1-12 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Quality Control KW - Risk Assessment KW - Water Pollution -- statistics & numerical data KW - Guidelines as Topic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72625911?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+pollution+bulletin&rft.atitle=Development+of+marine+water+quality+criteria+for+the+USA.&rft.au=Russo%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Russo&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=1-12&rft.spage=84&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+pollution+bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-02-12 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alternative methods for the median lethal dose (LD(50)) test: the up-and-down procedure for acute oral toxicity. AN - 72514573; 12391399 AB - The authors have developed an improved version of the up-and-down procedure (UDP) as one of the replacements for the traditional acute oral toxicity test formerly used by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development member nations to characterize industrial chemicals, pesticides, and their mixtures. This method improves the performance of acute testing for applications that use the median lethal dose (classic LD50) test while achieving significant reductions in animal use. It uses sequential dosing, together with sophisticated computer-assisted computational methods during the execution and calculation phases of the test. Staircase design, a form of sequential test design, can be applied to acute toxicity testing with its binary experimental endpoints (yes/no outcomes). The improved UDP provides a point estimate of the LD50 and approximate confidence intervals in addition to observed toxic signs for the substance tested. It does not provide information about the dose-response curve. Computer simulation was used to test performance of the UDP without the need for additional laboratory validation. JF - ILAR journal AU - Rispin, Amy AU - Farrar, David AU - Margosches, Elizabeth AU - Gupta, Kailash AU - Stitzel, Katherine AU - Carr, Gregory AU - Greene, Michael AU - Meyer, William AU - McCall, Deborah AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 233 EP - 243 VL - 43 IS - 4 SN - 1084-2020, 1084-2020 KW - Xenobiotics KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Computer Simulation KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Animal Welfare KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Models, Statistical KW - Mice KW - Xenobiotics -- toxicity KW - Male KW - Female KW - Animal Testing Alternatives KW - Toxicity Tests, Acute -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72514573?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ILAR+journal&rft.atitle=Alternative+methods+for+the+median+lethal+dose+%28LD%2850%29%29+test%3A+the+up-and-down+procedure+for+acute+oral+toxicity.&rft.au=Rispin%2C+Amy%3BFarrar%2C+David%3BMargosches%2C+Elizabeth%3BGupta%2C+Kailash%3BStitzel%2C+Katherine%3BCarr%2C+Gregory%3BGreene%2C+Michael%3BMeyer%2C+William%3BMcCall%2C+Deborah&rft.aulast=Rispin&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ILAR+journal&rft.issn=10842020&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-11-21 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Incorporating the 3Rs into regulatory scientific practices. AN - 72190758; 12388846 AB - The Office of Prevention, Pesticides, and Toxic Substances (OPPTS) of the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) grapples with testing issues on a daily basis. In this discussion, the current practices within OPPTS that relate to refining, reducing, and replacing (the 3Rs of) animal use are explained, based on the authors' experience. Pertinent background about EPA and OPPTS is first described, and then some broad opportunities for implementing the 3Rs are reviewed. Finally, information about how the programs in OPPTS are making progress with regard to the 3Rs is presented. JF - ILAR journal AU - Sterling, Sherry AU - Rispin, Amy AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - S18 EP - S20 VL - 43 Suppl SN - 1084-2020, 1084-2020 KW - Xenobiotics KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Risk Assessment KW - Animal Testing Alternatives -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Toxicity Tests -- methods KW - Animal Welfare -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Xenobiotics -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72190758?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ILAR+journal&rft.atitle=Incorporating+the+3Rs+into+regulatory+scientific+practices.&rft.au=Sterling%2C+Sherry%3BRispin%2C+Amy&rft.aulast=Sterling&rft.aufirst=Sherry&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=43+Suppl&rft.issue=&rft.spage=S18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ILAR+journal&rft.issn=10842020&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-11-25 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental factors associated with a spectrum of neurodevelopmental deficits. AN - 72071306; 12216063 AB - A number of environmental agents have been shown to demonstrate neurotoxic effects either in human or laboratory animal studies. Critical windows of vulnerability to the effects of these agents occur both pre- and postnatally. The nervous system is relatively unique in that different parts are responsible for different functional domains, and these develop at different times (e.g., motor control, sensory, intelligence and attention). In addition, the many cell types in the brain have different windows of vulnerability with varying sensitivities to environmental agents. This review focuses on two environmental agents, lead and methylmercury, to illustrate the neurobehavioral and cognitive effects that can result from early life exposures. Special attention is paid to distinguishing between the effects detected following episodes of poisoning and those detected following lower dose exposures. Perinatal and childhood exposure to high doses of lead results in encephalopathy and convulsions. Lower-dose lead exposures have been associated with impairment in intellectual function and attention. At high levels of prenatal exposure, methylmercury produces mental retardation, cerebral palsy and visual and auditory deficits in children of exposed mothers. At lower levels of methylmercury exposure, the effects in children have been more subtle. Other environmental neurotoxicants that have been shown to produce developmental neurotoxicity include polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dioxins, pesticides, ionizing radiation, environmental tobacco smoke, and maternal use of alcohol, tobacco, marijuana and cocaine. Exposure to environmental agents with neurotoxic effects can result in a spectrum of adverse outcomes from severe mental retardation and disability to more subtle changes in function depending on the timing and dose of the chemical agent. Copyright 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - Mental retardation and developmental disabilities research reviews AU - Mendola, Pauline AU - Selevan, Sherry G AU - Gutter, Suzanne AU - Rice, Deborah AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Mendola.Pauline@epa.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 188 EP - 197 VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 1080-4013, 1080-4013 KW - Dioxins KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Methylmercury Compounds KW - Pesticides KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution KW - Lead KW - 2P299V784P KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - Maternal Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Dioxins -- adverse effects KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Alcohol Drinking -- adverse effects KW - Child KW - Pesticides -- adverse effects KW - Comorbidity KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- adverse effects KW - Child, Preschool KW - Japan -- epidemiology KW - Lead -- adverse effects KW - Methylmercury Compounds -- poisoning KW - Adult KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution -- adverse effects KW - Methylmercury Compounds -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Mexico -- epidemiology KW - Adolescent KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Radiation, Ionizing KW - Developmental Disabilities -- chemically induced KW - Mercury Poisoning, Nervous System -- epidemiology KW - Environmental Pollutants -- poisoning KW - Lead Poisoning, Nervous System -- epidemiology KW - Developmental Disabilities -- epidemiology KW - Neurotoxicity Syndromes -- epidemiology KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72071306?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mental+retardation+and+developmental+disabilities+research+reviews&rft.atitle=Environmental+factors+associated+with+a+spectrum+of+neurodevelopmental+deficits.&rft.au=Mendola%2C+Pauline%3BSelevan%2C+Sherry+G%3BGutter%2C+Suzanne%3BRice%2C+Deborah&rft.aulast=Mendola&rft.aufirst=Pauline&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=188&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mental+retardation+and+developmental+disabilities+research+reviews&rft.issn=10804013&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-10-03 N1 - Date created - 2002-09-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhibition of retinoid activity by components of a paper mill effluent. AN - 71927760; 12125723 AB - A cell line stably transfected with reporter genes activated by retinoic acid was used to test a paper mill effluent for the presence of retinoids or components that interfere with retinoic acid-stimulated gene transcription. No retinoids were detected in effluent or control water. However, effluent water significantly decreased reporter activity stimulated by all-trans-retinoic acid, while activity stimulated by 9-cis-retinoic acid was unaffected. In a limited fractionation through a C-18 solid phase-exchange column the inhibitory activity was retained in the aqueous fraction, indicating that the activity was polar. JF - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) AU - Schoff, Patrick K AU - Ankley, Gerald T AD - Mid-Continent Ecology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota 55811, USA. pschoff@nrri.umn.edu Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 1 EP - 4 VL - 119 IS - 1 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - Industrial Waste KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Retinoic Acid KW - Water Pollutants KW - Tretinoin KW - 5688UTC01R KW - Index Medicus KW - Paper KW - Animals KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Transcription, Genetic KW - Mice KW - Cell Line KW - Receptors, Retinoic Acid -- genetics KW - Tretinoin -- pharmacology KW - Industrial Waste -- adverse effects KW - Water Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Genes, Reporter KW - Receptors, Retinoic Acid -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71927760?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.atitle=Inhibition+of+retinoid+activity+by+components+of+a+paper+mill+effluent.&rft.au=Schoff%2C+Patrick+K%3BAnkley%2C+Gerald+T&rft.aulast=Schoff&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-12-17 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Induction of genotoxic damage is not correlated with the ability to methylate arsenite in vitro in the leukocytes of four mammalian species. AN - 71897477; 12112384 AB - Arsenic is a natural drinking water contaminant that impacts the health of large populations of people throughout the world; however, the mode or mechanism by which arsenic induces cancer is unclear. In a series of in vitro studies, we exposed leukocytes from humans, mice, rats, and guinea pigs to a range of sodium arsenite concentrations to determine whether the lymphocytes from these species showed differential sensitivity to the induction of micronuclei (MN) assessed in cytochalasin B-induced binucleate cells. We also determined the capacity of the leukocytes to methylate arsenic by measuring the production of MMA [monomethylarsinic acid (MMA(V)) and monomethylarsonous acid (MMA(III))] and DMA [dimethylarsinic acid (DMA(V)) and dimethylarsonous acid (DMA(III))]. The results indicate that cells treated for 2 hr at the G(0) stage of the cell cycle with sodium arsenite showed only very small to negligible increases in MN after mitogenic stimulation. Treatment of actively cycling cells produced induction of MN with increasing arsenite concentration, with the human, rat, and mouse lymphocytes being much more sensitive to MN induction than those of the guinea pig. These data gave an excellent fit to a linear model. The leukocytes of all four species, including the guinea pig (a species previously thought not to methylate arsenic), were able to methylate arsenic, but there was no clear correlation between the ability to methylate arsenic and the induction of MN. JF - Environmental and molecular mutagenesis AU - Peng, B AU - Sharma, R AU - Mass, M J AU - Kligerman, A D AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division MD-68, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 323 EP - 332 VL - 39 IS - 4 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Arsenites KW - 0 KW - Sodium Compounds KW - Cytochalasin B KW - 3CHI920QS7 KW - sodium arsenite KW - 48OVY2OC72 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Cytochalasin B -- metabolism KW - Regression Analysis KW - Animals KW - Guinea Pigs KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Resting Phase, Cell Cycle KW - Mice KW - Methylation KW - Arsenites -- toxicity KW - Sodium Compounds -- toxicity KW - Leukocytes -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71897477?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Induction+of+genotoxic+damage+is+not+correlated+with+the+ability+to+methylate+arsenite+in+vitro+in+the+leukocytes+of+four+mammalian+species.&rft.au=Peng%2C+B%3BSharma%2C+R%3BMass%2C+M+J%3BKligerman%2C+A+D&rft.aulast=Peng&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=323&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-23 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pilot-scale studies on the effect of bromine addition on the emissions of chlorinated organic combustion by-products. AN - 71875325; 12099495 AB - The addition of brominated organic compounds to the feed of a pilot-scale incinerator burning chlorinated waste has been found previously, under some circumstances, to enhance emissions of volatile and semivolatile organic chlorinated products of incomplete combustion (PICs) including polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDDs/Fs). This phenomenon appears to be sensitive to temperature and combustion conditions. This paper reports on a study to evaluate the emissions of organic combustion by-products while varying amounts of bromine (Br) and chlorine (Cl) are being fed into a pilot-scale incinerator burning surrogate waste materials. The surrogate waste was fed at a constant molar halogen input rate, with varying Br/Cl molar ratios. In these tests, an approximately 30% decrease in the total PCDD/F concentrations due to the addition of Br was observed. This decrease appears to be a decrease only in the chlorinated dioxin and furan species; other halogenated dioxins and furans were formed instead. PCDD/F homologue distribution shifted towards the higher chlorinated species. Perhalogenated or nearly perhalogenated mixed bromo-chloro furans were also observed in quantities that could potentially account for the observed decrease in PCDDs/Fs. This research illustrates the need for careful trial burn planning if Br will be present in the facility's feed-stock during normal operation. JF - Waste management (New York, N.Y.) AU - Lemieux, P M AU - Stewart, E S AU - Ryan, J V AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. lemieux.paul@epa.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 381 EP - 389 VL - 22 IS - 4 SN - 0956-053X, 0956-053X KW - Benzofurans KW - 0 KW - Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Bromine KW - SBV4XY874G KW - Index Medicus KW - Incineration KW - Temperature KW - Forecasting KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analogs & derivatives KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analysis KW - Bromine -- chemistry KW - Refuse Disposal KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- analysis KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis KW - Benzofurans -- analysis KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71875325?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waste+management+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Pilot-scale+studies+on+the+effect+of+bromine+addition+on+the+emissions+of+chlorinated+organic+combustion+by-products.&rft.au=Lemieux%2C+P+M%3BStewart%2C+E+S%3BRyan%2C+J+V&rft.aulast=Lemieux&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=381&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Waste+management+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=0956053X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-12-17 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Workshop 1 (synthesis): relation between industry and other water interests in a catchment context--facilitated stakeholder dialogue. AN - 71706677; 12019811 AB - Workshop 1 considered the nature and identity of water stakeholders and how best to facilitate an open, transparent, democratic process of dialogue leading to agreed strategies to address water problems. JF - Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research AU - Fallenius, U B AU - Fry, A E AD - Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Stockholm. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 137 EP - 139 VL - 45 IS - 8 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - Industrial Waste KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Policy Making KW - Water Movements KW - Communication KW - Environment KW - Water Supply KW - Water Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Interprofessional Relations KW - Industry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71706677?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+science+and+technology+%3A+a+journal+of+the+International+Association+on+Water+Pollution+Research&rft.atitle=Workshop+1+%28synthesis%29%3A+relation+between+industry+and+other+water+interests+in+a+catchment+context--facilitated+stakeholder+dialogue.&rft.au=Fallenius%2C+U+B%3BFry%2C+A+E&rft.aulast=Fallenius&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+science+and+technology+%3A+a+journal+of+the+International+Association+on+Water+Pollution+Research&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-11-05 N1 - Date created - 2002-05-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water quality at five marinas in Lake Texoma as related to methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE). AN - 71683742; 12009130 AB - Water quality in five marinas on Lake Texoma, located on the Oklahoma and Texas border, was monitored between June 1999 and November 2000. Focus was to evaluate lake water associated with marinas for methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE). Lake water was collected at locations identified as marina entrance, gasoline filling station, and boat dock. Occurrence of MTBE showed a direct seasonal trend with recreational boating activity at marina areas. There was a positive correlation with powerboat usage ratio, which was directly related to the gallons of gasoline sold. Sampling before and after the high boat use holiday weekends determined the apparent influence of powerboat activity on MTBE contamination. Boat dock locations were the most sensitive sites to MTBE contamination, possibly due to gasoline spillage during engine startup. The most common compound of the BTEX series found with MTBE was toluene and co-occurrence was most frequent at gasoline filling stations. JF - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) AU - An, Youn-Joo AU - Kampbell, Donald H AU - Sewell, Guy W AD - Oak Ridge Research Associateship Program, US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Ada, OK 74820, USA. an.youn-joo@epa.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 331 EP - 336 VL - 118 IS - 3 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - 0 KW - Gasoline KW - Methyl Ethers KW - Solvents KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - methyl tert-butyl ether KW - 29I4YB3S89 KW - Index Medicus KW - Ships KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Oklahoma KW - Recreation KW - Texas KW - Vehicle Emissions -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Solvents -- analysis KW - Gasoline -- analysis KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- analysis KW - Methyl Ethers -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71683742?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.atitle=Water+quality+at+five+marinas+in+Lake+Texoma+as+related+to+methyl+tert-butyl+ether+%28MTBE%29.&rft.au=An%2C+Youn-Joo%3BKampbell%2C+Donald+H%3BSewell%2C+Guy+W&rft.aulast=An&rft.aufirst=Youn-Joo&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=118&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=331&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-11-05 N1 - Date created - 2002-05-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Use of genomic data in risk assessment. AN - 71640588; 11983054 JF - Genome biology AU - Rockett, John C Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 1 VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Hazardous Substances -- adverse effects KW - Humans KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Genetic Predisposition to Disease KW - Pharmacogenetics KW - Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Risk Assessment KW - Toxicology -- trends KW - Genomics -- trends UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71640588?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Genome+biology&rft.atitle=Use+of+genomic+data+in+risk+assessment.&rft.au=Rockett%2C+John+C&rft.aulast=Rockett&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=REPORTS4011&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Genome+biology&rft.issn=1474-760X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-06-17 N1 - Date created - 2002-05-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Suspended particle adhesion on aquatic plant surfaces: implications for 137Cs and 133Cs uptake rates and water-to-plant concentration ratios. AN - 71599266; 11954717 AB - Suspended particle adhesion on aquatic biota can significantly increase the apparent concentration of radionuclides above their endogenous value, leading to an overestimation of the uptake rate and concentration ratios. This study is an attempt to assess quantitatively the importance of suspended particle adhesion on periphyton samples (biological material coating submerged surfaces). The concentrations of 137Cs and stable Cs (133Cs) in periphyton, suspended particles and filtered water were measured to determine the net water-to-periphyton concentration ratios for 137Cs and stable Cs. The net amount of 133Cs (or 137Cs) taken up by periphyton was calculated by subtracting from the total amount of 133Cs (or 137Cs) on the collected material (periphyton + inorganic particles), the 133Cs (or 137Cs) due to the inorganic particles adhering to periphyton. The mass of suspended particles adhering to the periphyton surface was calculated using scandium as an indicator of the mineral fraction of the suspended particles. The relationship between the concentration ratios for 137Cs and stable Cs and suspended particle adhesion on periphyton external surfaces is discussed. JF - Journal of environmental radioactivity AU - Sansone, U AU - Belli, M AU - Jeran, Z AU - Kanivets, V V AU - Radojko, J AU - Riccardi, M AU - Voitsekhovitch, O V AD - National Environmental Protection Agency (ANPA), Roma, Italy. sansone@anpa.it Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 257 EP - 271 VL - 59 IS - 3 SN - 0265-931X, 0265-931X KW - Cesium Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Radioactive KW - Index Medicus KW - Cesium Radioisotopes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Particle Size KW - Phytoplankton -- physiology KW - Plant Roots -- physiology KW - Water Pollutants, Radioactive -- pharmacokinetics KW - Plant Roots -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71599266?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+radioactivity&rft.atitle=Suspended+particle+adhesion+on+aquatic+plant+surfaces%3A+implications+for+137Cs+and+133Cs+uptake+rates+and+water-to-plant+concentration+ratios.&rft.au=Sansone%2C+U%3BBelli%2C+M%3BJeran%2C+Z%3BKanivets%2C+V+V%3BRadojko%2C+J%3BRiccardi%2C+M%3BVoitsekhovitch%2C+O+V&rft.aulast=Sansone&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+radioactivity&rft.issn=0265931X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-10-01 N1 - Date created - 2002-04-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitation of molecular endpoints for the dose-response component of cancer risk assessment. AN - 71515756; 11890462 AB - Cancer risk assessment involves the steps of hazard identification, dose-response assessment, exposure assessment, and risk characterization. The rapid advances in the use of molecular biology approaches has had an impact on all 4 components, but the greatest overall current and future impact will be on the dose-response assessment because this requires an understanding of the mechanisms of carcinogenesis, both background and induced by environmental agents. In this regard, hazard identification is a qualitative assessment and dose-response is a quantitative estimate. Thus, the latter will ultimately require a quantitative assessment of molecular endpoints that are used to describe the dose-response for cancer. It has been possible for many years to quantitate alterations at the level of the single gene. For example, analysis of mutation frequency by phenotypic selection, analysis of transcription (mRNA) by Northern blot, analysis of translation (proteins) by Western blot, and analysis of kinetics of metabolism from metabolite levels. However, it is becoming clear that it is necessary when considering risk for adverse health outcomes to develop quantitative approaches for whole cell phenotypes or organ effects. For example, cancer is a whole tissue phenotype, not a feature of single gene mutations, in spite of the multistep (multimutation) mode of formation of a tumor. Thus, there is the need to quantitate the circuitry of a cell: the metabolic/biochemical pathways, genetic regulation pathways, and signaling pathways in normal and stressed conditions. The hypothesis presented by Hanahan and Weinberg of the requirement for 6 acquired characteristics for tumor development, independent of tissue type and species or inducer, seems to provide a viable approach. This hypothesis can be addressed through whole cell molecular assessment using microarrays and quantitative PCR together with the emerging proteomic approaches. This is the world of the new computational cell biology. JF - Toxicologic pathology AU - Preston, R Julian AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. preston.julian@epa.gov PY - 2002 SP - 112 EP - 116 VL - 30 IS - 1 SN - 0192-6233, 0192-6233 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens KW - Index Medicus KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Carcinogenicity Tests -- standards KW - Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Endpoint Determination -- standards KW - Endpoint Determination -- methods KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Carcinogenicity Tests -- methods KW - Risk Assessment -- standards KW - Risk Assessment -- methods KW - Neoplasms -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71515756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicologic+pathology&rft.atitle=Quantitation+of+molecular+endpoints+for+the+dose-response+component+of+cancer+risk+assessment.&rft.au=Preston%2C+R+Julian&rft.aulast=Preston&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=112&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicologic+pathology&rft.issn=01926233&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-09-26 N1 - Date created - 2002-03-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Committee on Residues and Related Topics. Single class multiresidue methods for organic compounds. AN - 71492382; 11878613 JF - Journal of AOAC International AU - Soderberg, David AU - AOAC Committee on Residues and Related Topics AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, OPP, HED, Washington, DC 20460, USA. soderberg.david@epamail.epa.gov ; AOAC Committee on Residues and Related Topics PY - 2002 SP - 258 EP - 261 VL - 85 IS - 1 SN - 1060-3271, 1060-3271 KW - Organic Chemicals KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Crops, Agricultural KW - Organic Chemicals -- blood KW - Food Analysis -- standards KW - Drug Residues -- analysis KW - Organic Chemicals -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71492382?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.atitle=Committee+on+Residues+and+Related+Topics.+Single+class+multiresidue+methods+for+organic+compounds.&rft.au=Soderberg%2C+David%3BAOAC+Committee+on+Residues+and+Related+Topics&rft.aulast=Soderberg&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=258&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.issn=10603271&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-20 N1 - Date created - 2002-03-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improving structure-linked access to publicly available chemical toxicity information. AN - 71486341; 11865667 AB - Publicly available toxicity databases serve as the central resource in efforts to develop algorithms for assessing potential chemical toxicity. File standardization and linkage of chemical structures with chemical toxicity information are essential first steps in providing broad access to existing toxicity information, for deriving useful structure-activity relationship (SAR) models, performing analog searches, and estimating the potential toxicity of new chemicals. This review will focus on current efforts to improve structure-linked access to publicly available sources of toxicity information, outlining current web-based resources as well as two new database initiatives for standardizing and consolidating public chemical toxicity information. JF - Current opinion in drug discovery & development AU - Richard, Ann M AU - Williams, ClarLynda R AU - Cariello, Neal F AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Mail Drop 68, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratories, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. richard.ann@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - January 2002 SP - 136 EP - 143 VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 1367-6733, 1367-6733 KW - Index Medicus KW - Computer Communication Networks KW - Predictive Value of Tests KW - Internet KW - Databases, Factual -- trends KW - Toxicology -- standards KW - Drug Evaluation, Preclinical -- standards KW - Toxicology -- trends KW - Databases, Factual -- standards KW - Structure-Activity Relationship UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71486341?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+opinion+in+drug+discovery+%26+development&rft.atitle=Improving+structure-linked+access+to+publicly+available+chemical+toxicity+information.&rft.au=Richard%2C+Ann+M%3BWilliams%2C+ClarLynda+R%3BCariello%2C+Neal+F&rft.aulast=Richard&rft.aufirst=Ann&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=136&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+opinion+in+drug+discovery+%26+development&rft.issn=13676733&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-12 N1 - Date created - 2002-02-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phytoextraction of toxic metals: a review of biological mechanisms. AN - 71476753; 11837415 AB - Remediation of sites contaminated with toxic metals is particularly challenging. Unlike organic compounds, metals cannot be degraded, and the cleanup usually requires their removal. However, this energy-intensive approach can be prohibitively expensive. In addition, the metal removing process often employs stringent physicochemical agents which can dramatically inhibit soil fertility with subsequent negative impacts on the ecosystem. Phytoremediation has been proposed as a cost-effective, environmental-friendly alternative technology. A great deal of research indicates that plants have the genetic potential to remove many toxic metals from the soil. Despite this potential, phytoremediation is yet to become a commercially available technology. Progress in the field is hindered by a lack of understanding of complex interactions in the rhizosphere and plant-based mechanisms which allow metal translocation and accumulation in plants. In this paper, four research areas relevant to metal phytoextraction from contaminated soil are reviewed. The review concludes with an assessment of the current status of technology deployment and suggestions for future phytoremediation research. JF - Journal of environmental quality AU - Lasat, Mitch M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Research, Washington, DC 20460, USA. lasat.mitch@epa.gov PY - 2002 SP - 109 EP - 120 VL - 31 IS - 1 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Metals, Heavy KW - 0 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Plant Roots -- physiology KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Biological Availability KW - Soil Microbiology KW - Metals, Heavy -- pharmacokinetics KW - Plants KW - Soil Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71476753?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.atitle=Phytoextraction+of+toxic+metals%3A+a+review+of+biological+mechanisms.&rft.au=Lasat%2C+Mitch+M&rft.aulast=Lasat&rft.aufirst=Mitch&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-07-16 N1 - Date created - 2002-02-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surveillance systems for pesticide intoxications. AN - 71462952; 11843434 AB - The intent of this article is to provide an overview of surveillance systems dealing with pesticide intoxications. Surveillance, medical monitoring, and the components of a surveillance system are discussed. Information is presented on how to make a diagnosis of environmental or occupational pesticide intoxication, examples of different case definitions, and the steps in investigating a pesticide disease outbreak. Examples from various countries are used to illustrate acute pesticide intoxication surveillance, pesticide exposure surveillance, and medical monitoring of pesticide-exposed workers. Finally, a list of informational sources for pesticide toxicology, medical diagnosis and treatment, and surveillance data is provided. It is anticipated that this information will assist those individuals or organizations seeking to develop such a system, evaluate an existing system, or gain a better understanding of data derived from such systems. JF - International journal of occupational and environmental health AU - Osorio, Ana Maria AD - US Environmental Protection Agency-Office of Pesticide Programs, Washington DC 20460, USA. Osorio.AnaMaria@epa.gov PY - 2002 SP - 1 EP - 13 VL - 8 IS - 1 SN - 1077-3525, 1077-3525 KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Information Systems KW - Diagnosis, Differential KW - Humans KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Occupational Health -- statistics & numerical data KW - Pesticides -- poisoning KW - Population Surveillance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71462952?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+occupational+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Surveillance+systems+for+pesticide+intoxications.&rft.au=Osorio%2C+Ana+Maria&rft.aulast=Osorio&rft.aufirst=Ana&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+occupational+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=10773525&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-07-30 N1 - Date created - 2002-02-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Causes of mortality of free-ranging Florida panthers. AN - 71448332; 11838201 AB - The Florida panther (Puma concolor coryi) is one of the most endangered mammals, with the entire population estimated to consist of only 30-50 adult animals. Between 1978 and 1999, 73 free-ranging Florida panther carcasses were submitted for postmortem evaluation, of which 47 (64%) were radiocollared and 26 (36%) were uncollared cats. Overall, mortality of panthers > 6-mo-old was due to vehicular trauma in 25 (35%), intraspecific aggression in 19 (26%), illegal kill in seven (10%), research activities in two (3%), infectious diseases in two (3%), esophageal tear in one (1%), pleuritis in one (1%), pyothorax in one (1%), aortic aneurysm in one (1%), atrial septal defect in one (1%), and causes of death were undetermined in 13 (18%) due to autolysis. Of the 25 panthers that were killed by vehicular trauma, 20 (80%) died between October and April. This coincides with increased number of winter visitors to south Florida. Among radiocollared panthers, intraspecific aggression was the primary cause of mortality for 19 (41%) dead cats. Of these cats, 16 (84%) were males and 14 (88%) were either less than 3 or more than 8-yr-old. These animals were probably fighting to establish or retain territory. Among the 26 uncollared panthers, vehicular trauma was the primary cause of mortality and was responsible for 16 (62%) deaths. This study documents the causes of mortality and the age, sex, and seasonal mortality trends for both radiocollared and uncollared free-ranging endangered Florida panthers over a 21-yr-period. JF - Journal of wildlife diseases AU - Taylor, Sharon K AU - Buergelt, Claus D AU - Roelke-Parker, Melody E AU - Homer, Bruce L AU - Rotstein, Dave S AD - Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservation Commission, 4005 South Main Street, Gainesville, Florida 32601, USA. taylor.sharon@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - January 2002 SP - 107 EP - 114 VL - 38 IS - 1 SN - 0090-3558, 0090-3558 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Age Factors KW - Seasons KW - Retrospective Studies KW - Bites and Stings -- mortality KW - Bites and Stings -- veterinary KW - Animal Identification Systems KW - Aggression KW - Male KW - Female KW - Behavior, Animal KW - Florida -- epidemiology KW - Animals, Wild KW - Accidents, Traffic -- mortality KW - Carnivora KW - Wounds and Injuries -- veterinary KW - Wounds and Injuries -- mortality KW - Cause of Death UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71448332?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+wildlife+diseases&rft.atitle=Causes+of+mortality+of+free-ranging+Florida+panthers.&rft.au=Taylor%2C+Sharon+K%3BBuergelt%2C+Claus+D%3BRoelke-Parker%2C+Melody+E%3BHomer%2C+Bruce+L%3BRotstein%2C+Dave+S&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=Sharon&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+wildlife+diseases&rft.issn=00903558&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-06-20 N1 - Date created - 2002-02-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lack of teratogenicity of microcystin-LR in the mouse and toad. AN - 71419202; 11807924 AB - Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is a cyanobacterial toxin generated by the organism Microcystis aeruginosa. Although the hepatotoxicity of this chemical has been characterized, the potential developmental toxicity in vertebrates has not been well studied. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of this toxin on the in vivo and in vitro development of mammals and the development of an Anuran (toad). Initial acute toxicity experiments with female CD-1 mice were accomplished with MC-LR administered i.p. in saline. Lethality occurred at 128 and 160 microg kg (-1) and histopathology revealed massive hepatic necrosis with diffuse hemorrhage. Developmental toxicity studies were done with MC-LR administered i.p. for 2-day periods: gestation days 7-8, 9-10 or 11-12. Doses used ranged from 2 to 128 microg kg(-1). On gestation day 17, fetuses were weighed and analyzed for gross morphological and skeletal defects. No treatment-related differences were seen in litter size, viability, weight or the incidence of anomalies. Groups of dams dosed with 32-128 microg kg(-1) on gestation days 7-8, 9-10 or 11-12 were allowed to give birth and the growth and development of their pups were followed postnatally. There were no significant effects noted in the offspring of the treated dams. Neurulation-staged CD-1 mouse conceptuses were exposed to 50-1000 nM MC-LR in whole embryo culture for 24 h. No significant increase in abnormalities or developmental delays was observed. Finally, exposure of the developing toad. Bufo arenarum was done from stage 17 (tail bud) for 10 days at concentrations of 1-20 mg l(-1). No effect on morphological development or survival was noted in any exposed groups. These data indicate that microcystin does not appear to affect development adversely in the mouse (in vivo or in vitro) or the toad at the doses and exposure parameters used. Copyright 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Journal of applied toxicology : JAT AU - Chernoff, N AU - Hunter, E S AU - Hall, L L AU - Rosen, M B AU - Brownie, C F AU - Malarkey, D AU - Marr, M AU - Herkovits, J AD - US EPA, ORD, National Health and Ecological Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 2002 SP - 13 EP - 17 VL - 22 IS - 1 SN - 0260-437X, 0260-437X KW - Enzyme Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - Microcystins KW - Peptides, Cyclic KW - cyanoginosin LR KW - EQ8332842Y KW - Index Medicus KW - Maternal Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Animals KW - Cyanobacteria -- pathogenicity KW - Survival Rate KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Toxicity Tests, Acute KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Mice KW - Female KW - Peptides, Cyclic -- administration & dosage KW - Enzyme Inhibitors -- administration & dosage KW - Embryo, Nonmammalian -- abnormalities KW - Enzyme Inhibitors -- toxicity KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- abnormalities KW - Peptides, Cyclic -- toxicity KW - Embryo, Nonmammalian -- drug effects KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- drug effects KW - Bufo arenarum -- abnormalities UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71419202?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.atitle=Lack+of+teratogenicity+of+microcystin-LR+in+the+mouse+and+toad.&rft.au=Chernoff%2C+N%3BHunter%2C+E+S%3BHall%2C+L+L%3BRosen%2C+M+B%3BBrownie%2C+C+F%3BMalarkey%2C+D%3BMarr%2C+M%3BHerkovits%2C+J&rft.aulast=Chernoff&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.issn=0260437X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-04-30 N1 - Date created - 2002-01-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A permeable reactive barrier for treatment of heavy metals. AN - 71405821; 11798047 AB - Historical storage of ore concentrate containing sulfide minerals at an industrial site in British Columbia, Canada, has resulted in widespread contamination of the underlying soil and ground water. The oxidation of sulfide minerals has released significant quantities of heavy metals, including Cu, Cd, Co, Ni, and Zn, into the ground water. A pilot-scale, compost-based, sulfate-reducing permeable reactive barrier was installed in the path of the dissolved heavy-metal plume. The permeable reactive barrier uses sulfate-reducing bacteria to promote precipitation of heavy metals as insoluble metal sulfides. Monitoring over a 21-month period indicated significant removal of heavy metals within the barrier. Copper concentrations declined from a mean concentration of 3,630 pg/L in the influent to a mean concentration within the barrier of 10.5 microg/L, Cd from 15.3 microg/L to 0.2 microg/L, Co from 5.3 microg/L to 1.1 microg/L, Ni from 131 pg/L to 33.0 microg/L, and Zn from 2,410 microg/L to 136 pg/L. Within the lower half of the barrier where tidal influences were more limited and sulfate-reducing conditions were better maintained, mean treatment levels of 2.9 microg/L (Cu), 0.1 microg/L (Cd), 0.4 microg/L (Co), 2.7 microg/L (Ni), and 6.3 microg/L (Zn) were observed. JF - Ground water AU - Ludwig, Ralph D AU - McGregor, Rick G AU - Blowes, David W AU - Benner, Shawn G AU - Mountjoy, Keith AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Ada, OK 74820, USA. ludwig.ralph@epa.gov PY - 2002 SP - 59 EP - 66 VL - 40 IS - 1 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - Industrial Waste KW - 0 KW - Metals, Heavy KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Soil Microbiology KW - Permeability KW - Solubility KW - Chemical Precipitation KW - Water Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Metals, Heavy -- chemistry KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis KW - Metals, Heavy -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71405821?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+water&rft.atitle=A+permeable+reactive+barrier+for+treatment+of+heavy+metals.&rft.au=Ludwig%2C+Ralph+D%3BMcGregor%2C+Rick+G%3BBlowes%2C+David+W%3BBenner%2C+Shawn+G%3BMountjoy%2C+Keith&rft.aulast=Ludwig&rft.aufirst=Ralph&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-06-19 N1 - Date created - 2002-01-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A pulse of endosulfan-contaminated sediment affects macroinvertebrates in artificial streams. AN - 71403000; 11800549 AB - The toxicity of the organochlorine pesticide endosulfan to macroinvertebrate communities was tested using a system of 24 artificial streams. Macroinvertebrate communities in the streams were exposed to a range of endosulfan concentrations for a 12-h period and then monitored for 96 h. Endosulfan was prebound to fine river sediment and applied to the streams as a contaminated sediment slurry. This did not cause changes in the structure of benthic communities; however, significant changes (P<0.05) in the abundance of several macroinvertebrate taxa in drift were detected in the streams receiving the highest (6.14 microg/L) dose. Increased drift may have implications for recolonization processes in lowland rivers, and, as such, pulses of contaminated sediment are likely to result in significant effects on macroinvertebrate populations and communities. This study highlights the utility of artificial stream systems for detecting sublethal effects and the need for population and community-level endpoints to be included in such studies. JF - Ecotoxicology and environmental safety AU - Hose, Grant C AU - Lim, Richard P AU - Hyne, Ross V AU - Pablo, Fleur AD - Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia. hoseg@epa.nsw.gov.au Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - January 2002 SP - 44 EP - 52 VL - 51 IS - 1 SN - 0147-6513, 0147-6513 KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated KW - 0 KW - Insecticides KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Endosulfan KW - OKA6A6ZD4K KW - Index Medicus KW - Ecosystem KW - Geologic Sediments -- chemistry KW - Animals KW - Population Dynamics KW - Water Movements KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Insecticides -- adverse effects KW - Food Chain KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- adverse effects KW - Invertebrates KW - Endosulfan -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71403000?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+and+environmental+safety&rft.atitle=A+pulse+of+endosulfan-contaminated+sediment+affects+macroinvertebrates+in+artificial+streams.&rft.au=Hose%2C+Grant+C%3BLim%2C+Richard+P%3BHyne%2C+Ross+V%3BPablo%2C+Fleur&rft.aulast=Hose&rft.aufirst=Grant&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=44&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+and+environmental+safety&rft.issn=01476513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-02-20 N1 - Date created - 2002-01-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Activation of EGF receptors mediates pulmonary vasoconstriction induced by residual oil fly ash. AN - 71394857; 11792073 AB - Residual oil fly ash (ROFA) is a constituent of pollutant particles that can produce lung injury and activate protein tyrosine phosphorylation cascade. In this study, we determined whether or not protein tyrosine phosphorylation caused lung injury, and if so, identified critical tyrosinephosphorylated proteins that mediated the injury. ROFA was instilled intratracheally into perfused rabbit lungs and injury responses, including increase in pulmonary artery pressure (Ppa), lung weight gain, as well as release of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, and nitrite/nitrate were measured. ROFA increased Ppa and IL-1beta, but inhibited nitrite/nitrate accumulation. Vanadyl sulfate at concentration equivalent to the amount of vanadium detected in the perfusate of ROFA-treated lungs induced similar changes. ROFA enhanced tyrosine phosphorylation of lung proteins, including a 170-kDa protein, likely the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor as shown by immunoprecipitation. Pretreatment with genistein, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, blocked the increase in Ppa and tyrosine phosphorylation of the 170-kDa protein. Intravascular administration of human EGF increased Ppa, and pretreatment with PD153035, an EGF receptor-specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor, attenuated ROFA-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction. These results indicate that tyrosine phosphorylation of EGF receptors in the lung, possibly as a result of inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatases, mediates constriction of pulmonary vessels induced by ROFA. JF - Experimental lung research AU - Huang, Yuh-Chin T AU - Wu, Weidong AU - Ghio, Andrew J AU - Carter, Jacqueline D AU - Silbajoris, Robert AU - Devlin, Robert B AU - Samet, James M AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. huang.tony@epa.gov PY - 2002 SP - 19 EP - 38 VL - 28 IS - 1 SN - 0190-2148, 0190-2148 KW - 4-((3-bromophenyl)amino)-6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline KW - 0 KW - Air Pollutants KW - Coal Ash KW - Enzyme Inhibitors KW - Inflammation Mediators KW - Interleukin-1 KW - Interleukin-6 KW - Interleukin-8 KW - Nitrates KW - Nitrites KW - Particulate Matter KW - Quinazolines KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Tyrosine KW - 42HK56048U KW - Epidermal Growth Factor KW - 62229-50-9 KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - Protein-Tyrosine Kinases KW - EC 2.7.10.1 KW - Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Interleukin-8 -- secretion KW - Recombinant Proteins -- pharmacology KW - Perfusion KW - Interleukin-6 -- secretion KW - Nitrites -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Nitrates -- metabolism KW - Rabbits KW - Epidermal Growth Factor -- pharmacology KW - Inflammation Mediators -- metabolism KW - Protein-Tyrosine Kinases -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Phosphorylation KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Enzyme Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Tyrosine -- metabolism KW - Interleukin-1 -- secretion KW - Quinazolines -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - Vasoconstriction -- physiology KW - Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor -- drug effects KW - Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Pulmonary Circulation -- drug effects KW - Vasoconstriction -- drug effects KW - Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor -- physiology KW - Pulmonary Circulation -- physiology KW - Air Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Carbon -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71394857?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experimental+lung+research&rft.atitle=Activation+of+EGF+receptors+mediates+pulmonary+vasoconstriction+induced+by+residual+oil+fly+ash.&rft.au=Huang%2C+Yuh-Chin+T%3BWu%2C+Weidong%3BGhio%2C+Andrew+J%3BCarter%2C+Jacqueline+D%3BSilbajoris%2C+Robert%3BDevlin%2C+Robert+B%3BSamet%2C+James+M&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=Yuh-Chin&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+lung+research&rft.issn=01902148&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-07-09 N1 - Date created - 2002-01-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Localization of the sperm protein SP22 and inhibition of fertility in vivo and in vitro. AN - 71359158; 11780923 AB - We previously established that levels of the sperm membrane protein, SP22, are highly correlated with the fertility of sperm from the cauda epididymidis of rats exposed to both epididymal and testicular toxicants, and that a testis-specific SP22 transcript is expressed in postmeiotic germ cells. In this study, polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies were generated to study the expression of SP22 in the testis and epididymis, and to determine whether SP22 plays a coincidental or causal role in fertility. Polyclonal antiserum was raised in sheep against full-length recombinant rat SP22 (rSP22). Hybridoma clones were generated from mice immunized with rSP22 and boosted with native SP22; positive clones were used for ascites production. Immunoblots indicated that affinity-purified anti-rSP22 immunoglobulin (Ig) and ascites Ig recognized denatured and native SP22, respectively. Linear epitope mapping of the 189-amino acid SP22 sequence revealed 3 distinct peptide sequences recognized by anti-rSP22 Ig, and 1 sequence recognized by ascites Ig. Cytoplasm of round spermatids and heads of elongating/elongated spermatids immunostained with both anti-rSP22 and ascites antibodies. Isolated rete testis sperm revealed discrete staining over the cytoplasmic droplet, whereas staining was apparent over the equatorial segment of the head by the time sperm reached the caput epididymidis. Clear cells were, interestingly, immunostained along the length of the epididymis. Ascites Ig and anti-SP22 Ig each recognized the equatorial segment of sperm heads from rat, hamster, bull, rabbit, and human. Ascites Ig and affinity-purified anti-rSP22 Ig each significantly inhibited the fertility of cauda epididymal sperm from the rat in vivo, as well as the fertilization rates of cauda epididymal sperm in vitro. Moreover, affinity-purified anti-rSP22 significantly inhibited in vitro fertilization of both zona-intact and zona-free hamster oocytes, suggesting that SP22 may play a role in both the zona penetration and membrane fusion steps of fertilization. JF - Journal of andrology AU - Klinefelter, Gary R AU - Welch, Jeffrey E AU - Perreault, Sally D AU - Moore, Harry D AU - Zucker, Robert M AU - Suarez, Juan D AU - Roberts, Naomi L AU - Bobseine, Kathy AU - Jeffay, Susan AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. klinefelter.gary@epa.gov PY - 2002 SP - 48 EP - 63 VL - 23 IS - 1 SN - 0196-3635, 0196-3635 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Microtubule-Associated Proteins KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - PARK7 protein, rat KW - EC 3.1.2.- KW - Protein Deglycase DJ-1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- pharmacology KW - Fertility -- immunology KW - Rats KW - Epididymis -- cytology KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Recombinant Proteins -- immunology KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Species Specificity KW - Epitope Mapping KW - Male KW - Microtubule-Associated Proteins -- analysis KW - Microtubule-Associated Proteins -- chemistry KW - Spermatozoa -- immunology KW - Microtubule-Associated Proteins -- immunology KW - Spermatozoa -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71359158?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+andrology&rft.atitle=Localization+of+the+sperm+protein+SP22+and+inhibition+of+fertility+in+vivo+and+in+vitro.&rft.au=Klinefelter%2C+Gary+R%3BWelch%2C+Jeffrey+E%3BPerreault%2C+Sally+D%3BMoore%2C+Harry+D%3BZucker%2C+Robert+M%3BSuarez%2C+Juan+D%3BRoberts%2C+Naomi+L%3BBobseine%2C+Kathy%3BJeffay%2C+Susan&rft.aulast=Klinefelter&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=48&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+andrology&rft.issn=01963635&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-05-30 N1 - Date created - 2002-01-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dioxins and endometriosis: a plausible hypothesis. AN - 71351090; 11781160 AB - A potential connection exists between exposure to organochlorine chemicals and the increasing prevalence of endometriosis. Evidence shows that dioxin (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin) can increase the incidence and severity of the disease in monkeys and can promote the growth or survival of endometrial tissue implanted into rodents in a surgically induced model of endometriosis. The mechanism of the connection between organochlorine chemicals and endometriosis is not clear. Effects on growth factors, cytokines, and hormones (components of the immune and endocrine systems) are potential means of mediating the possible promotion of endometriosis by dioxins. Studies on epidemiology and on structure-activity relationships of organochlorine chemicals and endometriosis have been additional approaches to this problem. In this regard, toxic equivalence (TEQ) appears to be an important determinant of the effects of organochlorine chemicals on endometriosis. In this article, we review the literature related to endometriosis and dioxins and attempt to integrate the various sources of information that bolster the hypothesis connecting dioxins and endometriosis. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Birnbaum, Linda S AU - Cummings, Audrey M AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. birnbaum.linda@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - January 2002 SP - 15 EP - 21 VL - 110 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Dioxins KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Incidence KW - Mice KW - Female KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Risk Assessment KW - Endometriosis -- epidemiology KW - Dioxins -- adverse effects KW - Endometriosis -- chemically induced KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71351090?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Dioxins+and+endometriosis%3A+a+plausible+hypothesis.&rft.au=Birnbaum%2C+Linda+S%3BCummings%2C+Audrey+M&rft.aulast=Birnbaum&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-02-12 N1 - Date created - 2002-01-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Fertil Steril. 1990 May;53(5):921-5 [2332064] Environ Health Perspect. 1999 Oct;107 Suppl 5:687-91 [10502532] Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2000 Apr;182(4):767-75 [10764452] Environ Health Perspect. 2000 Jun;108(6):553-7 [10856030] Food Addit Contam. 2000 Apr;17(4):275-88 [10912242] Toxicol Sci. 2000 Aug;56(2):374-81 [10910996] J Mol Endocrinol. 2000 Aug;25(1):35-42 [10915216] Ind Health. 2000 Jul;38(3):259-68 [10943072] Toxicol Sci. 2001 Jan;59(1):147-59 [11134554] Cancer. 1979 Apr;43(4):1562-7 [445352] Fertil Steril. 1980 Jun;33(6):649-53 [6769717] Drugs. 1980 May;19(5):331-41 [6993180] Aviat Space Environ Med. 1983 Aug;54(8):718-24 [6312953] Fertil Steril. 1985 Nov;44(5):684-94 [4054348] Prog Clin Biol Res. 1990;323:1-14 [2406741] Zentralbl Gynakol. 1992;114(12):593-602 [1285483] N Engl J Med. 1993 Jun 17;328(24):1759-69 [8110213] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1993 Nov;21(4):433-41 [8253297] Fertil Steril. 1994 Sep;62(3):635-8 [8062962] Hum Reprod. 1994 Jun;9(6):1001-2 [7962366] Environ Health Perspect. 1994 Nov;102 Suppl 9:157-67 [7698077] Arch Toxicol. 1994;69(2):79-86 [7717865] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1995 Jul;133(1):172-6 [7597705] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1995 Sep;27(2):287-90 [8529825] Reprod Toxicol. 1995 May-Jun;9(3):233-8 [7579907] J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996 Jan;81(1):174-9 [8550748] Toxicol Lett. 1995 Dec;82-83:743-50 [8597137] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1996 Mar;137(1):120-5 [8607137] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1996 May;138(1):131-9 [8658502] Chem Biol Interact. 1996 Mar 25;100(2):97-112 [8646792] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1996 May-Jun;18(3):305-13 [8725643] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1996 May;31(1):42-55 [8998952] Hum Reprod. 1997 Feb;12(2):373-5 [9070728] Toxicol Ind Health. 1997 Jan-Feb;13(1):15-25 [9098947] J Clin Invest. 1997 Jun 15;99(12):2851-7 [9185507] Mol Pharmacol. 1997 Jul;52(1):30-7 [9224809] Environ Health Perspect. 1997 Jul;105(7):750-5 [9294722] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997 Sep 18;238(2):338-42 [9299508] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1997 Sep;146(1):11-20 [9299592] Toxicol Sci. 1999 Nov;52(1):45-9 [10568697] Biochem Pharmacol. 2000 Jan 1;59(1):65-85 [10605936] Endocr J. 1999 Dec;46(6):765-72 [10724351] Toxicology. 1997 Oct 19;122(3):229-40 [9328223] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1997 Oct;146(2):237-44 [9344891] Fertil Steril. 1998 Feb;69(2):221-8 [9496332] Environ Health Perspect. 1998 Dec;106(12):775-92 [9831538] Gynecol Obstet Invest. 1999;47 Suppl 1:47-9; discussion 50 [10087428] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999 Apr 13;257(2):259-63 [10198199] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1992 May;114(1):97-107 [1585378] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solubilization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by perfluorinated surfactant micelles. AN - 71349275; 11766807 AB - Due to their chemical and thermal stability, perfluorinated surfactants (PFSs) are promising materials for the development of novel environmental remediation applications. This stability also leads to the persistence of PFS in the environment; therefore, their properties and behavior should be well understood. This study focused on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and PFS interactions, particularly the solubilization of PAHs by PFS micelles. Naphthalene. phenanthrene, and pyrene were selected as representative PAHs and an anionic PFS, ammonium perfluorooctanoate (APFO) was used. Critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of APFO measured by surface tension, fluorescence probe, and solubility enhancement methods fell in the range of 20-30 mM at 22 +/- 1 degrees C. Apparent solubilities of molecular oxygen and PAHs in APFO micellar solutions depended linearly on the APFO concentration. Molar solubilization ratio (MSR) values were determined to be 9.50 x 10(-4), 4.17 x 10(-3), 2.31 x 10(-4), and 4.09 x 10(-5) and mole fraction micellar partition coefficient (Kmic) values were found to be 1.89 x 10(2), 9.50 x 10(2), 2.12 x 10(3), and 3.79 x 10(3) for oxygen, naphthalene, phenanthrene, and pyrene, respectively at 22 +/- 1 degrees C. log Kmic values for three PAHs were shown to be linearly correlated with the log values of octanol-water partition coefficients (log Kow). JF - Water research AU - An, Youn-Joo AU - Carraway, Elizabeth R AU - Schlautman, Mark A AD - Department of Civil Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843-3136, USA. an.youn-joo@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - January 2002 SP - 300 EP - 308 VL - 36 IS - 1 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - Fluorine Compounds KW - 0 KW - Micelles KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Solubility KW - Fluorine Compounds -- chemistry KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71349275?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+research&rft.atitle=Solubilization+of+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons+by+perfluorinated+surfactant+micelles.&rft.au=An%2C+Youn-Joo%3BCarraway%2C+Elizabeth+R%3BSchlautman%2C+Mark+A&rft.aulast=An&rft.aufirst=Youn-Joo&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=300&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-04-23 N1 - Date created - 2001-12-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PAH degradation by UV/H2O2 in perfluorinated surfactant solutions. AN - 71348164; 11766808 AB - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) solubilized in perfluorinated surfactant (PFS) solutions were degraded by direct photolysis and UV/H2O2 process. The subsequent recovery and reuse of these surfactant solutions were also demonstrated. Phenanthrene and pyrene were selected as representative PAHs and an anionic PFS: ammonium perfluorooctanoate (APFO) was used. In our experiments, micellar APFO solutions retarded the phenanthrene photolysis and enhanced the pyrene photolysis. The results indicate that the photochemical reactivity of compound in micelles is strongly dependent on specific properties of the solubilizate, possibly due to the different excited state behaviors of compound. UV/H2O2 process exhibits a greatly enhanced rate of PAH photolysis in both water and APFO compared to direct photolysis. indicating that hydroxyl radicals may be generated or penetrated at the sites of PAHs solubilized in the micelles. Additionally. a smaller rate enhancement by UV/H2O2 in micelles than in water suggests that micelles provide some degree of protection from hydroxyl radical attack. The possibility of recovery and reuse of PFS has been demonstrated by measuring the solubilizing capacity of APFO after direct photolysis and UV/H2O2 process. Overall, this study demonstrates UV/H2O2 process can be an effective treatment method for not only PAH degradation but also surfactant recovery and reuse. JF - Water research AU - An, Youn-Joo AU - Carraway, Elizabeth R AD - Department of Civil Engineering Texas A&M University, College Station 77843-3136, USA. an.youn-joo@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - January 2002 SP - 309 EP - 314 VL - 36 IS - 1 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - Fluorine Compounds KW - 0 KW - Oxidants KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - Surface-Active Agents KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Hydroxyl Radical KW - 3352-57-6 KW - Hydrogen Peroxide KW - BBX060AN9V KW - Index Medicus KW - Photolysis KW - Ultraviolet Rays KW - Hydroxyl Radical -- chemistry KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Water Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Fluorine Compounds -- chemistry KW - Oxidants -- chemistry KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- chemistry KW - Hydrogen Peroxide -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71348164?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+research&rft.atitle=PAH+degradation+by+UV%2FH2O2+in+perfluorinated+surfactant+solutions.&rft.au=An%2C+Youn-Joo%3BCarraway%2C+Elizabeth+R&rft.aulast=An&rft.aufirst=Youn-Joo&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=309&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-04-23 N1 - Date created - 2001-12-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Communication strategy of transboundary air pollution findings in a US-Mexico Border XXI program project. AN - 71330392; 11740622 AB - From 1996 to 1997, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission (TNRCC) conducted an air quality study known as the Lower Rio Grande Valley Transboundary Air Pollution Project (TAPP). The study was a US-Mexico Border XXI program project and was developed in response to local community requests on a need for more air quality measurements and concerns about the health impact of local air pollutants; this included concerns about emissions from border-dependent industries in Mexico, known as maquiladoras. The TAPP was a follow-up study to environmental monitoring done by EPA in this area in 1993 and incorporated scientific and community participation in development, review of results, and public presentation of findings. In spite of this, critical remarks were leveled by community activists against the study's preliminary "good news" findings regarding local air quality and the influence of transboundary air pollution. To resolve these criticisms and to refine the findings to address these concerns, analyses included comparisons of daily and near real-time measurements to TNRCC effects screening levels and data from other studies along with wind sector analyses. Reassessment of the data suggested that although regional source emissions occurred and outliers of elevated pollutant levels were found, movement of air pollution across the border did not appear to cause noticeable deterioration of air quality. In spite of limitations stated to the community, the TAPP was presented as establishing a benchmark to assess current and future transboundary air quality in the Valley. The study has application in Border XXI Program or other air quality studies where transboundary transport is a concern since it involved interagency coordination, public involvement, and communication of scientifically sound results for local environmental protection efforts. JF - Environmental management AU - Mukerjee, Shaibal AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory (MD-47), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. mukerjee.shaibal@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - January 2002 SP - 34 EP - 56 VL - 29 IS - 1 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Mexico KW - International Cooperation KW - Quality Control KW - Air Movements KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Communication KW - Benchmarking KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71330392?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+management&rft.atitle=Communication+strategy+of+transboundary+air+pollution+findings+in+a+US-Mexico+Border+XXI+program+project.&rft.au=Mukerjee%2C+Shaibal&rft.aulast=Mukerjee&rft.aufirst=Shaibal&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=34&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-03-05 N1 - Date created - 2001-12-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Resource-based niches provide a basis for plant species diversity and dominance in arctic tundra AN - 52157458; 2002-011381 JF - Nature (London) AU - McKane, Robert B AU - Johnson, Loretta C AU - Shaver, Gaius R AU - Nadelhoffer, Knute J AU - Rastetter, Edward B AU - Fry, Brian AU - Giblin, Anne E AU - Kielland, Knut AU - Kwiatkowski, Bonnie L AU - Laundre, James A AU - Murray, Georgia Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - January 2002 SP - 68 EP - 71 PB - Macmillan Journals, London VL - 415 IS - 6867 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - United States KW - soils KW - Plantae KW - isotopes KW - biomass KW - tundra KW - biochemistry KW - Arctic region KW - bioavailability KW - Toolik Lake KW - N-15 KW - stable isotopes KW - nitrogen KW - nutrients KW - case studies KW - habitat KW - arctic environment KW - ecology KW - Alaska KW - geochemistry KW - species diversity KW - niches KW - ammonia compound KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52157458?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Resource-based+niches+provide+a+basis+for+plant+species+diversity+and+dominance+in+arctic+tundra&rft.au=McKane%2C+Robert+B%3BJohnson%2C+Loretta+C%3BShaver%2C+Gaius+R%3BNadelhoffer%2C+Knute+J%3BRastetter%2C+Edward+B%3BFry%2C+Brian%3BGiblin%2C+Anne+E%3BKielland%2C+Knut%3BKwiatkowski%2C+Bonnie+L%3BLaundre%2C+James+A%3BMurray%2C+Georgia&rft.aulast=McKane&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=415&rft.issue=6867&rft.spage=68&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+%28London%29&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.nature.com/nature/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; ammonia compound; arctic environment; Arctic region; bioavailability; biochemistry; biomass; case studies; ecology; geochemistry; habitat; isotopes; N-15; niches; nitrogen; nutrients; Plantae; soils; species diversity; stable isotopes; Toolik Lake; tundra; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Volatile organic compounds, specific conductance, and temperature in the bottom sediments of Mill Pond, Ashland, Massachusetts, April 2001 AN - 52123065; 2002-030029 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Church, Peter E AU - Lyford, Forest P AU - Clifford, Scott Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 10 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - chlorobenzene KW - trichloroethane KW - Middlesex County Massachusetts KW - environmental analysis KW - temperature KW - ground water KW - conductivity KW - transport KW - Massachusetts KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - USGS KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - potentiometric surface KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - volatile organic compounds KW - lacustrine environment KW - Mill Pond KW - Ashland Massachusetts KW - pore water KW - lake sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52123065?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Church%2C+Peter+E%3BLyford%2C+Forest+P%3BClifford%2C+Scott&rft.aulast=Church&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Volatile+organic+compounds%2C+specific+conductance%2C+and+temperature+in+the+bottom+sediments+of+Mill+Pond%2C+Ashland%2C+Massachusetts%2C+April+2001&rft.title=Volatile+organic+compounds%2C+specific+conductance%2C+and+temperature+in+the+bottom+sediments+of+Mill+Pond%2C+Ashland%2C+Massachusetts%2C+April+2001&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ashland Massachusetts; chlorinated hydrocarbons; chlorobenzene; conductivity; environmental analysis; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; lacustrine environment; lake sediments; Massachusetts; Middlesex County Massachusetts; Mill Pond; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; pore water; potentiometric surface; sediments; temperature; transport; trichloroethane; United States; USGS; volatile organic compounds; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geology, hydrology, and water quality in the vicinity of a brownfield redevelopment site in Canton, Illinois AN - 52116355; 2002-038339 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Kay, Robert T AU - Cornue, David B AU - Ursic, James R Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 32 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - Fulton County Illinois KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - transport KW - USGS KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - hydrology KW - concentration KW - Illinois KW - pollutants KW - Canton Illinois KW - confined aquifers KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - aquifers KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - volatile organic compounds KW - industrial waste KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - waste disposal KW - brownfields KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52116355?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Kay%2C+Robert+T%3BCornue%2C+David+B%3BUrsic%2C+James+R&rft.aulast=Kay&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Geology%2C+hydrology%2C+and+water+quality+in+the+vicinity+of+a+brownfield+redevelopment+site+in+Canton%2C+Illinois&rft.title=Geology%2C+hydrology%2C+and+water+quality+in+the+vicinity+of+a+brownfield+redevelopment+site+in+Canton%2C+Illinois&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sect., 10 tables, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; brownfields; Canton Illinois; concentration; confined aquifers; environmental analysis; Fulton County Illinois; geochemistry; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrochemistry; hydrology; Illinois; industrial waste; metals; organic compounds; pH; pollutants; pollution; transport; United States; USGS; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; waste disposal; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distribution of volatile organic compounds in sediments near Sutton Brook Disposal Area, Tewksbury, Massachusetts, May 2001 AN - 52097574; 2002-047743 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Church, Peter E AU - Lyford, Forest P AU - Clifford, Scott Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 16 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Tewksbury Massachusetts KW - stream sediments KW - pollutants KW - landfills KW - waste disposal sites KW - pollution KW - Middlesex County Massachusetts KW - petroleum products KW - distribution KW - ground water KW - Sutton Brook Disposal Area KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - Massachusetts KW - volatile organic compounds KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - waste disposal KW - USGS KW - fluvial environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52097574?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Church%2C+Peter+E%3BLyford%2C+Forest+P%3BClifford%2C+Scott&rft.aulast=Church&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Distribution+of+volatile+organic+compounds+in+sediments+near+Sutton+Brook+Disposal+Area%2C+Tewksbury%2C+Massachusetts%2C+May+2001&rft.title=Distribution+of+volatile+organic+compounds+in+sediments+near+Sutton+Brook+Disposal+Area%2C+Tewksbury%2C+Massachusetts%2C+May+2001&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Prepared in cooperation with the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; distribution; fluvial environment; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; landfills; Massachusetts; Middlesex County Massachusetts; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; sediments; stream sediments; Sutton Brook Disposal Area; Tewksbury Massachusetts; United States; USGS; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; waste disposal; waste disposal sites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geohydrology, water quality, and simulation of ground-water flow in the vicinity of a former waste-oil refinery near Westville, Indiana, 1997-2000 AN - 52096677; 2002-047775 JF - Water-Resources Investigations - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Duwelius, Richard F AU - Yeskis, Douglas J AU - Wilson, John T AU - Robinson, Bret A Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 161 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, [Reston, VA] SN - 0092-332X, 0092-332X KW - United States KW - water quality KW - geophysical surveys KW - contaminant plumes KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - La Porte County Indiana KW - environmental analysis KW - Westville Indiana KW - ground water KW - solvents KW - Indiana KW - electromagnetic methods KW - Porter County Indiana KW - dioxane KW - USGS KW - geochemistry KW - hydrology KW - concentration KW - well logs KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - petroleum products KW - hydrochemistry KW - aquifers KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - volatile organic compounds KW - surveys KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - water wells KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52096677?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Duwelius%2C+Richard+F%3BYeskis%2C+Douglas+J%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BRobinson%2C+Bret+A&rft.aulast=Duwelius&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Geohydrology%2C+water+quality%2C+and+simulation+of+ground-water+flow+in+the+vicinity+of+a+former+waste-oil+refinery+near+Westville%2C+Indiana%2C+1997-2000&rft.title=Geohydrology%2C+water+quality%2C+and+simulation+of+ground-water+flow+in+the+vicinity+of+a+former+waste-oil+refinery+near+Westville%2C+Indiana%2C+1997-2000&rft.issn=0092332X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 54 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA] N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., 13 tables, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices; Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRIND3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; concentration; contaminant plumes; dioxane; electromagnetic methods; environmental analysis; geochemistry; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrochemistry; hydrology; Indiana; La Porte County Indiana; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; Porter County Indiana; preferential flow; simulation; solvents; surface water; surveys; United States; USGS; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; water quality; water wells; well logs; Westville Indiana ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stratigraphic evidence of coseismic faulting and aseismic fault creep from exploratory trenches at Mt. Etna Volcano (Sicily, Italy) AN - 52072592; 2002-062187 AB - Recognition of coseismic and aseismic slip in trench exposures is a major goal in paleoseismology. To define stratigraphic criteria for discriminating between (1) fast earthquake-related slip and (2) slow quasi-continuous creep, we carried out several exploratory trenches along the eastern flank of Mt. Etna, where capable faults (active faults producing displacement at or near the surface) show both modes of movements with high slip rates and short recurrence intervals. Our sites have experienced predominant coseismic (Fondo Macchia) and aseismic (Mandra del Re) fault slip during historical times. At the Fondo Macchia site we trenched a normal fault scarp where approximately 20 cm of vertical offset occurred in 1971 and three other similar earthquakes repeated in the past 150 yr. Several erosional surfaces close to the fault zone in the footwall indicate that (1) a distinct and recognizable fault scarp free face retreated repeatedly, shaped by erosion and fault activity, and (2) the observed vertical displacement is a result of repeated scarp-forming earthquakes. At the Mandra del Re site a left-lateral strike-slip fault with a large vertical component dams the drainage of a small valley. A vertical fault slip rate of approximately 2 cm/yr and consequent high deposition rates of ponded, mainly well-layered, fine-grained sediments allow to reconstruct with excellent stratigraphic resolution the fault growth in the past few centuries. More than 3 m of vertical displacement has accumulated in the fault zone, leaving no indication of scarp-related erosion in the footwall deposits or of colluvial wedges in the hanging wall. This unequivocal stratigraphic evidence of "aseismites" (i.e., sedimentary features and relations generated by continuous fault creep) shows that earthquake surface faulting and aseismic creep generate completely different sedimentary responses. JF - Special Paper - Geological Society of America AU - Ferreli, Luca AU - Michetti, Alessandro Maria AU - Serva, Leonello AU - Vittori, Eutizio A2 - Ettensohn, Frank R. A2 - Rast, Nicholas A2 - Brett, Carlton E. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 49 EP - 62 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 359 SN - 0072-1077, 0072-1077 KW - Mandra del Re KW - paleoseismicity KW - seismites KW - Europe KW - Holocene KW - Italy KW - Southern Europe KW - soft sediment deformation KW - Cenozoic KW - neotectonics KW - normal faults KW - Moscarello Fault KW - tectonics KW - active faults KW - sedimentary structures KW - faults KW - Fondo Macchia Italy KW - Quaternary KW - Mount Etna KW - Pernicana Fault KW - Sicily Italy KW - volcanic earthquakes KW - upper Holocene KW - earthquakes KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52072592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Special+Paper+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Stratigraphic+evidence+of+coseismic+faulting+and+aseismic+fault+creep+from+exploratory+trenches+at+Mt.+Etna+Volcano+%28Sicily%2C+Italy%29&rft.au=Ferreli%2C+Luca%3BMichetti%2C+Alessandro+Maria%3BServa%2C+Leonello%3BVittori%2C+Eutizio&rft.aulast=Ferreli&rft.aufirst=Luca&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=359&rft.issue=&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=0813723590&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Special+Paper+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00721077&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GSAPAZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - active faults; Cenozoic; earthquakes; Europe; faults; Fondo Macchia Italy; Holocene; Italy; Mandra del Re; Moscarello Fault; Mount Etna; neotectonics; normal faults; paleoseismicity; Pernicana Fault; Quaternary; sedimentary structures; seismites; Sicily Italy; soft sediment deformation; Southern Europe; tectonics; upper Holocene; volcanic earthquakes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of an analytic element model for multi-aquifer flow in the Atlantic Coastal Plain, USA AN - 52065262; 2002-066996 JF - Developments in Water Science AU - Kraemer, Stephen R AU - Bakker, Mark A2 - Hassanizadeh, S. Majid A2 - Schotting, Ruud J. A2 - Gray, William G. A2 - Pinder, George F. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 767 EP - 770 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam-Oxford-New York VL - 47, Vol. 1 SN - 0167-5648, 0167-5648 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - preferential flow KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - transport KW - Yorktown Formation KW - multiple aquifers KW - hydrodynamics KW - animal waste KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - pollutants KW - numerical analysis KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - case studies KW - Tertiary KW - Lizzie North Carolina KW - Neogene KW - North Carolina KW - Pliocene KW - Greene County North Carolina KW - shallow aquifers KW - Yorktown Aquifer KW - unconfined aquifers KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52065262?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Developments+in+Water+Science&rft.atitle=Application+of+an+analytic+element+model+for+multi-aquifer+flow+in+the+Atlantic+Coastal+Plain%2C+USA&rft.au=Kraemer%2C+Stephen+R%3BBakker%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Kraemer&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=47%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=767&rft.isbn=0444509755&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Developments+in+Water+Science&rft.issn=01675648&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookseriesdescription.cws_home/BS_DWS/description LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - XIVth international conference on Computational methods in water resources (CMWR XIV) N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - animal waste; aquifers; Atlantic Coastal Plain; case studies; Cenozoic; field studies; Greene County North Carolina; ground water; hydrodynamics; Lizzie North Carolina; multiple aquifers; Neogene; North Carolina; numerical analysis; Pliocene; pollutants; pollution; preferential flow; shallow aquifers; Tertiary; transport; unconfined aquifers; United States; water quality; Yorktown Aquifer; Yorktown Formation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anthropogenic nitrogen sources and relationships to riverine nitrogen export in the northeastern USA AN - 52038102; 2003-004200 AB - Human activities have greatly altered the nitrogen (N) cycle, accelerating the rate of N fixation in landscapes and delivery of N to water bodies. To examine relationships between anthropogenic N inputs and riverine N export, we constructed budgets describing N inputs and losses for 16 catchments, which encompass a range of climatic variability and are major drainages to the coast of the North Atlantic Ocean along a latitudinal profile from Maine to Virginia. Using data from the early 1990's, we quantified inputs of N to each catchment from atmospheric deposition, application of nitrogenous fertilizers, biological nitrogen fixation, and import of N in agricultural products (food and feed). We compared these inputs with N losses from the system in riverine export. The importance of the relative sources varies widely by catchment and is related to land use. Net atmospheric deposition was the largest N source (>60%) to the forested basins of northern New England (e.g. Penobscot and Kennebec); net import of N in food was the largest source of N to the more populated regions of southern New England (e.g. Charles & Blackstone); and agricultural inputs were the dominant N sources in the Mid-Atlantic region (e.g. Schuylkill & Potomac). Over the combined area of the catchments, net atmospheric deposition was the largest single source input (31%), followed by net imports of N in food and feed (25%), fixation in agricultural lands (24%), fertilizer use (15%), and fixation in forests (5%). The combined effect of fertilizer use, fixation in crop lands, and animal feed imports makes agriculture the largest overall source of N. Riverine export of N is well correlated with N inputs, but it accounts for only a fraction (25%) of the total N inputs. This work provides an understanding of the sources of N in landscapes, and highlights how human activities impact N cycling in the northeast region. JF - Biogeochemistry (Dordrecht) AU - Boyer, Elizabeth W AU - Goodale, Christine L AU - Jaworski, Norbert A AU - Howarth, Robert W A2 - Boyer, Elizabeth W. A2 - Howarth, Robert W. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 137 EP - 169 PB - Nijhoff/Junk, Dordrecht-Boston-Lancaster VL - 57-58 SN - 0168-2563, 0168-2563 KW - United States KW - fertilizers KW - stream transport KW - ammonium ion KW - rivers and streams KW - nitrogen KW - New England KW - drainage basins KW - nitrate ion KW - hydrology KW - forests KW - Virginia KW - human activity KW - statistical analysis KW - agriculture KW - Eastern U.S. KW - geochemical cycle KW - correlation coefficient KW - nitrogen cycle KW - eutrophication KW - North Atlantic KW - Maine KW - landscapes KW - land use KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52038102?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeochemistry+%28Dordrecht%29&rft.atitle=Anthropogenic+nitrogen+sources+and+relationships+to+riverine+nitrogen+export+in+the+northeastern+USA&rft.au=Boyer%2C+Elizabeth+W%3BGoodale%2C+Christine+L%3BJaworski%2C+Norbert+A%3BHowarth%2C+Robert+W&rft.aulast=Boyer&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=57-58&rft.issue=&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeochemistry+%28Dordrecht%29&rft.issn=01682563&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100244/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from PASCAL, Institute de l'Information Scientifique et Technique, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Document feature - 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; ammonium ion; Atlantic Ocean; correlation coefficient; drainage basins; Eastern U.S.; eutrophication; fertilizers; forests; geochemical cycle; human activity; hydrology; land use; landscapes; Maine; New England; nitrate ion; nitrogen; nitrogen cycle; North Atlantic; rivers and streams; statistical analysis; stream transport; United States; Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional analysis of inorganic nitrogen yield and retention in high-elevation ecosystems of the Sierra Nevada and Rocky Mountains AN - 52035984; 2003-004205 AB - Yields and retention of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN: NO (super -) (sub 3) + NH (super +) (sub 4) ) and nitrate concentrations in surface runoff are summarized for 28 high elevation watersheds in the Sierra Nevada of California and Rocky Mountains of Wyoming and Colorado. Catchments ranged in elevation from 2475 to 3603 m and from 15 to 1908 ha in area. Soil cover varied from 5% to nearly 97% of total catchment area. Runoff from these snow-dominated catchments ranged from 315 to 1265 mm per year. In the Sierra Nevada, annual volume-weighted mean (AVWM) nitrate concentrations ranged from 0.5 to 13 mu M (overall average 5.4 mu M), and peak concentrations measured during snowmelt ranged from 1.0 to 38 mu M. Nitrate levels in the Rocky Mountain watersheds were about twice those in the Sierra Nevada; average AVWM NO (super -) (sub 3) was 9.4 mu M and snowmelt peaks ranged from 15 to 50mu M. Mean DIN loading to Rocky Mountain watersheds, 3.6 kg ha (super -1) yr (super -1) , was double the average measured for Sierra Nevada watersheds, 1.8 kg ha (super -1) yr (super -1) . DIN yield in the Sierra Nevada, 0.69 kg ha (super -1) yr (super -1) , was about 60% that measured in the Rocky Mountains, 1.1 kg ha (super -1) yr (super -1) . Net inorganic N retention in Sierra Nevada catchments was 1.2 kg ha (super -1) yr (super -1) and represented about 55% of annual DIN loading. DIN retention in the Rocky Mountain catchments was greater in absolute terms, 2.5 kg ha (super -1) yr (super -1) , and as a percentage of DIN loading, 72%. A correlation analysis using DIN yield, DIN retention and surface water nitrate concentrations as dependent variables and eight environmental features (catchment elevation, slope, aspect, roughness, area, runoff, soil cover and DIN loading) as independent variables was conducted. For the Sierra Nevada, elevation and soil cover had significant (p<0.1) Pearson product moment correlations with catchment DIN yield, AVWM and peak snowmelt nitrate concentrations and DIN retention rates. Log-linear regression models using soil cover as the independent variable explained 82% of the variation in catchment DIN retention, 92% of the variability in AVWM nitrate and 85% of snowmelt peak NO (super -) (sub 3) . In the Rocky Mountains, soil cover was significantly (p<0.05) correlated with DIN yield, AVWM NO (super -) (sub 3) and DIN retention expressed as a percentage of DIN loading (%DIN retention). Catchment mean slope and terrain roughness were positively correlated with steam nitrate concentrations and negatively related to %DIN retention. About 91% of the variation in DIN yield and 79% of the variability in AVWM NO (super -) (sub 3) were explained by log-linear models based on soil cover. A log-linear regression based on soil cover explained 90% of the variation of %DIN retention in the Rocky Mountains. JF - Biogeochemistry (Dordrecht) AU - Sickman, James O AU - Melack, John M AU - Stoddard, John L Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 341 EP - 374 PB - Nijhoff/Junk, Dordrecht-Boston-Lancaster VL - 57-58 SN - 0168-2563, 0168-2563 KW - United States KW - Sierra Nevada KW - ammonium ion KW - ecosystems KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - nitrogen KW - California KW - snow KW - drainage basins KW - nitrate ion KW - soils KW - North America KW - concentration KW - loading KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - roughness KW - solutes KW - U. S. Rocky Mountains KW - geochemical cycle KW - Wyoming KW - nitrogen cycle KW - runoff KW - Colorado KW - Rocky Mountains KW - regression analysis KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52035984?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeochemistry+%28Dordrecht%29&rft.atitle=Regional+analysis+of+inorganic+nitrogen+yield+and+retention+in+high-elevation+ecosystems+of+the+Sierra+Nevada+and+Rocky+Mountains&rft.au=Sickman%2C+James+O%3BMelack%2C+John+M%3BStoddard%2C+John+L&rft.aulast=Sickman&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=57-58&rft.issue=&rft.spage=341&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeochemistry+%28Dordrecht%29&rft.issn=01682563&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100244/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from PASCAL, Institute de l'Information Scientifique et Technique, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Document feature - 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ammonium ion; atmospheric precipitation; California; Colorado; concentration; drainage basins; ecosystems; geochemical cycle; loading; nitrate ion; nitrogen; nitrogen cycle; North America; regression analysis; Rocky Mountains; roughness; runoff; Sierra Nevada; snow; soils; solutes; statistical analysis; surface water; U. S. Rocky Mountains; United States; Wyoming ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The consideration and representation of retention processes in the WIPP performance assessment; justification of adopted approaches and interaction with the regulator; Part II, EPA review process and approval justification AN - 52032481; 2003-011997 JF - GEOTRAP Project - Workshop Proceedings AU - Byrum, Charles AU - Peake, R Thomas Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 187 EP - 199 PB - Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Nuclear Energy Agency, Paris VL - 5 KW - United States KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - Eddy County New Mexico KW - regulations KW - government agencies KW - chemical retardation KW - New Mexico KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive waste KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - retention KW - Waste Isolation Pilot Plant KW - Culebra Dolomite Member KW - monitoring KW - Paleozoic KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - Permian KW - models KW - metals KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - actinides KW - underground disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52032481?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GEOTRAP+Project+-+Workshop+Proceedings&rft.atitle=The+consideration+and+representation+of+retention+processes+in+the+WIPP+performance+assessment%3B+justification+of+adopted+approaches+and+interaction+with+the+regulator%3B+Part+II%2C+EPA+review+process+and+approval+justification&rft.au=Byrum%2C+Charles%3BPeake%2C+R+Thomas&rft.aulast=Byrum&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=187&rft.isbn=9264196951&rft.btitle=&rft.title=GEOTRAP+Project+-+Workshop+Proceedings&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifth GEOTRAP workshop on Radionuclide retention in geologic media N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06191 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; chemical retardation; contaminant plumes; Culebra Dolomite Member; Eddy County New Mexico; government agencies; isotopes; metals; models; monitoring; New Mexico; Paleozoic; Permian; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; regulations; reservoir rocks; retention; risk assessment; transport; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; underground disposal; United States; waste disposal; Waste Isolation Pilot Plant ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The consideration and representation of retention processes in the WIPP performance assessment; justification of adopted approaches and interaction with the regulator; Part I, Chemical retardation of dissolved actinides AN - 52028284; 2003-011996 JF - GEOTRAP Project - Workshop Proceedings AU - Brush, Lawrence H AU - Bryan, Charles R AU - Meigs, Lucy C AU - Papenguth, Hans W AU - Vaughn, Palmer Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 179 EP - 185 PB - Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Nuclear Energy Agency, Paris VL - 5 KW - United States KW - sorption KW - contaminant plumes KW - Eddy County New Mexico KW - plutonium KW - pollution KW - chemical retardation KW - New Mexico KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive waste KW - metals KW - americium KW - retention KW - chemical properties KW - thorium KW - uranium KW - rare earths KW - Waste Isolation Pilot Plant KW - waste disposal KW - neodymium KW - actinides KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52028284?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GEOTRAP+Project+-+Workshop+Proceedings&rft.atitle=The+consideration+and+representation+of+retention+processes+in+the+WIPP+performance+assessment%3B+justification+of+adopted+approaches+and+interaction+with+the+regulator%3B+Part+I%2C+Chemical+retardation+of+dissolved+actinides&rft.au=Brush%2C+Lawrence+H%3BBryan%2C+Charles+R%3BMeigs%2C+Lucy+C%3BPapenguth%2C+Hans+W%3BVaughn%2C+Palmer&rft.aulast=Brush&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=9264196951&rft.btitle=&rft.title=GEOTRAP+Project+-+Workshop+Proceedings&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifth GEOTRAP workshop on Radionuclide retention in geologic media N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06191 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; americium; chemical properties; chemical retardation; contaminant plumes; Eddy County New Mexico; metals; neodymium; New Mexico; plutonium; pollution; radioactive waste; rare earths; reservoir rocks; retention; sorption; thorium; United States; uranium; waste disposal; Waste Isolation Pilot Plant ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A model for changes in sediment and water-column biogeochemistry in response to seasonal hypoxic/anoxic conditions beneath the Mississippi River plume AN - 52020804; 2003-017865 JF - Abstracts Volume - International Symposium on the Geochemistry of the Earth's Surface (GES) AU - Eldridge, Peter M AU - Morse, John W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 205 PB - [Publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 6 KW - United States KW - plumes KW - sea water KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - marine sediments KW - sediments KW - ecology KW - Louisiana KW - geochemistry KW - productivity KW - metabolism KW - biochemistry KW - hypoxia KW - Mississippi River plume KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - hydrochemistry KW - nutrients KW - models KW - marine environment KW - anaerobic environment KW - seasonal variations KW - continental shelf KW - North Atlantic KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52020804?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+Volume+-+International+Symposium+on+the+Geochemistry+of+the+Earth%27s+Surface+%28GES%29&rft.atitle=A+model+for+changes+in+sediment+and+water-column+biogeochemistry+in+response+to+seasonal+hypoxic%2Fanoxic+conditions+beneath+the+Mississippi+River+plume&rft.au=Eldridge%2C+Peter+M%3BMorse%2C+John+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Eldridge&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+Volume+-+International+Symposium+on+the+Geochemistry+of+the+Earth%27s+Surface+%28GES%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Sixth international symposium on the Geochemistry of the Earth's surface N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06081 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; Atlantic Ocean; biochemistry; continental shelf; ecology; geochemistry; Gulf Coastal Plain; Gulf of Mexico; hydrochemistry; hypoxia; Louisiana; marine environment; marine sediments; metabolism; Mississippi River plume; models; North Atlantic; nutrients; plumes; productivity; sea water; seasonal variations; sediments; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pulsed air sparging in aquifers contaminated with dense nonaqueous phase liquids AN - 52019738; 2003-016744 AB - Air sparging was evaluated for remediation of tetrachloroethylene (PCE) present as dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) in aquifers. A two-dimensional laboratory tank with a transparent front wall allowed for visual observation of DNAPL mobilization. A DNAPL zone 50 cm high was created, with a PCE pool accumulating on an aquitard. Detailed process control and analysis yielded accurate mass balances and insight into the mass-transfer limitations during air sparging. Initial PCE recovery rates were high, corresponding to fast removal of residual DNAPL within the zone influenced directly by air channels. The vadose zone DNAPL was removed within a few days, and the recovery in the extracted soil vapors decreased to low values. Increasing the sparge rate and pulsing the air injection led to improved mass recovery, as the pulsing induced water circulation and increased the DNAPL dissolution rate. Dissolved PCE concentrations both within and outside the zone of air channels were affected by the pulsing. Inside the sparge zone, aqueous concentrations decreased rapidly, matching the declining effluent PCE flux. Outside the sparge zone, PCE concentrations increased because highly contaminated water was pushed away from the air injection point. This overall circulation of water may lead to limited spreading of the contaminant, but accelerated the time-weighted average mass removal by 40% to 600%, depending on the aggressiveness of the pulsing. For field applications, pulsing with a daily or diurnal cycling time may increase the average mass removal rate, thus reducing the treatment time and saving in the order of 40% to 80% of the energy cost used to run the blowers. However, air sparging will always fail to remove DNAPL pools located below the sparge point because the air will rise upward from the top of a screen, unless very localized geological layers force the air to migrate horizontally. Unrecognized presence of DNAPL at chlorinated solvent sites residual and pools could potentially hamper success of air sparging cleanups, since the presence of small DNAPL pools, ganglia or droplets can greatly extend the treatment time. JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Heron, Gorm AU - Gierke, John S AU - Faulkner, Barton AU - Mravik, Susan AU - Wood, Lynn AU - Enfield, Carl G Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 73 EP - 82 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 22 IS - 4 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - soil vapor extraction KW - unsaturated zone KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - air sparging KW - physical models KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - transport KW - decontamination KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - mobility KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - patterns KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - capillary water KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - water table KW - organic compounds KW - pore water KW - instruments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52019738?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Pulsed+air+sparging+in+aquifers+contaminated+with+dense+nonaqueous+phase+liquids&rft.au=Heron%2C+Gorm%3BGierke%2C+John+S%3BFaulkner%2C+Barton%3BMravik%2C+Susan%3BWood%2C+Lynn%3BEnfield%2C+Carl+G&rft.aulast=Heron&rft.aufirst=Gorm&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air sparging; aquifers; capillary water; chlorinated hydrocarbons; decontamination; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; experimental studies; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; instruments; laboratory studies; mobility; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; patterns; physical models; pollutants; pollution; pore water; remediation; soil vapor extraction; soils; tetrachloroethylene; transport; unsaturated zone; water table ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A scaling approach to measurement and modeling of spatial and temporal variability in early diagenetic processes AN - 52019382; 2003-017869 JF - Abstracts Volume - International Symposium on the Geochemistry of the Earth's Surface (GES) AU - Morse, J W AU - DiMarco, S AU - Hebert, A AU - Sell, K S AU - Eldridge, P M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 216 PB - [Publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 6 KW - scale factor KW - electrodes KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - early diagenesis KW - chemical analysis KW - oxygen KW - voltammetry KW - hydrogen sulfide KW - vegetation KW - manganese KW - iron KW - measurement KW - spatial variations KW - metals KW - diagenesis KW - sediments KW - theoretical models KW - temporal distribution KW - electrolytic analysis KW - geochemistry KW - instruments KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52019382?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+Volume+-+International+Symposium+on+the+Geochemistry+of+the+Earth%27s+Surface+%28GES%29&rft.atitle=A+scaling+approach+to+measurement+and+modeling+of+spatial+and+temporal+variability+in+early+diagenetic+processes&rft.au=Morse%2C+J+W%3BDiMarco%2C+S%3BHebert%2C+A%3BSell%2C+K+S%3BEldridge%2C+P+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Morse&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=216&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+Volume+-+International+Symposium+on+the+Geochemistry+of+the+Earth%27s+Surface+%28GES%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Sixth international symposium on the Geochemistry of the Earth's surface N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06081 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical analysis; concentration; diagenesis; early diagenesis; electrodes; electrolytic analysis; experimental studies; geochemistry; hydrogen sulfide; instruments; iron; manganese; measurement; metals; oxygen; scale factor; sediments; spatial variations; temporal distribution; theoretical models; vegetation; voltammetry ER - TY - JOUR T1 - McKin Company Superfund Site, Gray, Maine AN - 52018517; 2003-018455 JF - Water-Resources Investigations - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Lyford, Forest P AU - Connelly, Terrence R AU - Flight, Laura E AU - Church, Peter E AU - Vroblesky, Don A AU - Willey, Richard E Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 25 EP - 28 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, [Reston, VA] SN - 0092-332X, 0092-332X KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - pollutants KW - Gray Maine KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - McKin Company Superfund Site KW - environmental analysis KW - measurement KW - ground water KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - passive-vapor-diffusion samplers KW - volatile organic compounds KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - Maine KW - discharge KW - USGS KW - instruments KW - Superfund sites KW - Cumberland County Maine KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52018517?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=McKin+Company+Superfund+Site%2C+Gray%2C+Maine&rft.au=Lyford%2C+Forest+P%3BConnelly%2C+Terrence+R%3BFlight%2C+Laura+E%3BChurch%2C+Peter+E%3BVroblesky%2C+Don+A%3BWilley%2C+Richard+E&rft.aulast=Lyford&rft.aufirst=Forest&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=0092332X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA] N1 - Document feature - sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRIND3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; Cumberland County Maine; discharge; environmental analysis; Gray Maine; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; instruments; Maine; McKin Company Superfund Site; measurement; organic compounds; passive-vapor-diffusion samplers; pollutants; pollution; Superfund sites; surface water; trichloroethylene; United States; USGS; volatile organic compounds; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nyanza Chemical Waste Dump Superfund Site, Ashland, Massachusetts AN - 52018176; 2003-018461 JF - Water-Resources Investigations - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Lyford, Forest P AU - Willey, Richard E AU - Hayes, Sharon M AU - Church, Peter E AU - Vroblesky, Don A Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 48 EP - 52 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, [Reston, VA] SN - 0092-332X, 0092-332X KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Nyanza Chemical Waste Dump Superfund Site KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Middlesex County Massachusetts KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - environmental analysis KW - measurement KW - ground water KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - passive-vapor-diffusion samplers KW - Massachusetts KW - volatile organic compounds KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - Ashland Massachusetts KW - USGS KW - instruments KW - Superfund sites KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52018176?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Nyanza+Chemical+Waste+Dump+Superfund+Site%2C+Ashland%2C+Massachusetts&rft.au=Lyford%2C+Forest+P%3BWilley%2C+Richard+E%3BHayes%2C+Sharon+M%3BChurch%2C+Peter+E%3BVroblesky%2C+Don+A&rft.aulast=Lyford&rft.aufirst=Forest&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=48&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=0092332X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA] N1 - Document feature - sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRIND3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ashland Massachusetts; chlorinated hydrocarbons; environmental analysis; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; instruments; Massachusetts; measurement; Middlesex County Massachusetts; Nyanza Chemical Waste Dump Superfund Site; organic compounds; passive-vapor-diffusion samplers; pollutants; pollution; Superfund sites; tetrachloroethylene; trichloroethylene; United States; USGS; volatile organic compounds; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Guidance on the use of passive-vapor diffusion samplers AN - 52018136; 2003-018453 JF - Water-Resources Investigations - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Vroblesky, Don A AU - Church, Peter E AU - Lyford, Forest P AU - Willey, Richard E Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 5 EP - 18 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, [Reston, VA] SN - 0092-332X, 0092-332X KW - United States KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - ground water KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - sampling KW - passive-vapor-diffusion samplers KW - volatile organic compounds KW - quality control KW - New England KW - USGS KW - accuracy KW - instruments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52018136?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Guidance+on+the+use+of+passive-vapor+diffusion+samplers&rft.au=Vroblesky%2C+Don+A%3BChurch%2C+Peter+E%3BLyford%2C+Forest+P%3BWilley%2C+Richard+E&rft.aulast=Vroblesky&rft.aufirst=Don&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=0092332X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA] N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRIND3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; ground water; instruments; New England; organic compounds; passive-vapor-diffusion samplers; pollutants; pollution; quality control; sampling; United States; USGS; volatile organic compounds; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nutmeg Valley Road Superfund Site, Wolcott and Waterbury, Connecticut AN - 52018115; 2003-018456 JF - Water-Resources Investigations - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Mullaney, John R AU - Church, Peter E AU - Pina-Springer, Carolyn J AU - Vroblesky, Don A AU - Lyford, Forest P AU - Willey, Richard E Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 28 EP - 33 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, [Reston, VA] SN - 0092-332X, 0092-332X KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Nutmeg Valley Road Superfund Site KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - environmental analysis KW - Wolcott Connecticut KW - Connecticut KW - measurement KW - ground water KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - Waterbury Connecticut KW - passive-vapor-diffusion samplers KW - New Haven County Connecticut KW - volatile organic compounds KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - USGS KW - instruments KW - Superfund sites KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52018115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Nutmeg+Valley+Road+Superfund+Site%2C+Wolcott+and+Waterbury%2C+Connecticut&rft.au=Mullaney%2C+John+R%3BChurch%2C+Peter+E%3BPina-Springer%2C+Carolyn+J%3BVroblesky%2C+Don+A%3BLyford%2C+Forest+P%3BWilley%2C+Richard+E&rft.aulast=Mullaney&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=28&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=0092332X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA] N1 - Document feature - sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRIND3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; Connecticut; environmental analysis; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; instruments; measurement; New Haven County Connecticut; Nutmeg Valley Road Superfund Site; organic compounds; passive-vapor-diffusion samplers; pollutants; pollution; Superfund sites; tetrachloroethylene; trichloroethylene; United States; USGS; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; Waterbury Connecticut; Wolcott Connecticut ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Guidance on the use of passive-vapor-diffusion samplers to detect volatile organic compounds in ground-water-discharge areas, and example applications in New England AN - 52018092; 2003-018452 JF - Water-Resources Investigations - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Church, Peter E AU - Vroblesky, Don A AU - Lyford, Forest P AU - Willey, Richard E Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 79 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, [Reston, VA] SN - 0092-332X, 0092-332X KW - United States KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - ground water KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - sampling KW - passive-vapor-diffusion samplers KW - volatile organic compounds KW - New England KW - USGS KW - instruments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52018092?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Church%2C+Peter+E%3BVroblesky%2C+Don+A%3BLyford%2C+Forest+P%3BWilley%2C+Richard+E&rft.aulast=Church&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Guidance+on+the+use+of+passive-vapor-diffusion+samplers+to+detect+volatile+organic+compounds+in+ground-water-discharge+areas%2C+and+example+applications+in+New+England&rft.title=Guidance+on+the+use+of+passive-vapor-diffusion+samplers+to+detect+volatile+organic+compounds+in+ground-water-discharge+areas%2C+and+example+applications+in+New+England&rft.issn=0092332X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 70 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA] N1 - SuppNotes - Individual sections are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRIND3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ground water; instruments; New England; organic compounds; passive-vapor-diffusion samplers; pollutants; pollution; sampling; United States; USGS; volatile organic compounds; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Appendix 1; Laboratory and field testing of passive-vapor-diffusion sampler equilibration times, temperature effects, and sample stability AN - 52017016; 2003-018463 JF - Water-Resources Investigations - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Vroblesky, Don A AU - Church, Peter E AU - Lyford, Forest P AU - Willey, Richard E Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 63 EP - 72 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, [Reston, VA] SN - 0092-332X, 0092-332X KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - calibration KW - hydrochemistry KW - temperature KW - measurement KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - passive-vapor-diffusion samplers KW - volatile organic compounds KW - USGS KW - geochemistry KW - accuracy KW - instruments KW - field studies KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52017016?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Appendix+1%3B+Laboratory+and+field+testing+of+passive-vapor-diffusion+sampler+equilibration+times%2C+temperature+effects%2C+and+sample+stability&rft.au=Vroblesky%2C+Don+A%3BChurch%2C+Peter+E%3BLyford%2C+Forest+P%3BWilley%2C+Richard+E&rft.aulast=Vroblesky&rft.aufirst=Don&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=0092332X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA] N1 - Document feature - 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRIND3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; calibration; concentration; experimental studies; field studies; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; instruments; laboratory studies; measurement; organic compounds; passive-vapor-diffusion samplers; pollutants; pollution; temperature; USGS; volatile organic compounds; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Baird & McGuire Superfund Site, Holbrook, Massachusetts AN - 52016982; 2003-018457 JF - Water-Resources Investigations - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Savoie, Jennifer G AU - Taylor, Melissa G AU - Church, Peter E AU - Vroblesky, Don A AU - Lyford, Forest P AU - Willey, Richard E Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 34 EP - 36 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, [Reston, VA] SN - 0092-332X, 0092-332X KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - contaminant plumes KW - toluene KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - Massachusetts KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - USGS KW - Norfolk County Massachusetts KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Baird and McGuire Superfund Site KW - Holbrook Massachusetts KW - benzene KW - measurement KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - passive-vapor-diffusion samplers KW - volatile organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - xylene KW - trichloroethylene KW - instruments KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52016982?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Baird+%26amp%3B+McGuire+Superfund+Site%2C+Holbrook%2C+Massachusetts&rft.au=Savoie%2C+Jennifer+G%3BTaylor%2C+Melissa+G%3BChurch%2C+Peter+E%3BVroblesky%2C+Don+A%3BLyford%2C+Forest+P%3BWilley%2C+Richard+E&rft.aulast=Savoie&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=34&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=0092332X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA] N1 - Document feature - sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRIND3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; Baird and McGuire Superfund Site; benzene; chlorinated hydrocarbons; contaminant plumes; environmental analysis; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; Holbrook Massachusetts; hydrocarbons; instruments; Massachusetts; measurement; Norfolk County Massachusetts; organic compounds; passive-vapor-diffusion samplers; pollutants; pollution; tetrachloroethylene; toluene; trichloroethylene; United States; USGS; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; xylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Delineation of the Troy Bedrock Valley and particle-tracking analysis of ground-water flow underlying Belvidere, Illinois AN - 52016861; 2003-018450 JF - Water-Resources Investigations - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Mills, Patrick C AU - Halford, Keith J AU - Cobb, Richard P Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 46 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, [Reston, VA] SN - 0092-332X, 0092-332X KW - Type: site location map KW - United States KW - water quality KW - Saint Peter Aquifer KW - isotopes KW - tritium KW - drift KW - preferential flow KW - ground water KW - Troy Bedrock Valley KW - ethers KW - radioactive isotopes KW - methyl tert-butyl ether KW - transport KW - sediments KW - Belvidere Illinois KW - confining beds KW - discharge KW - USGS KW - Kishwaukee River basin KW - geochemistry KW - concentration KW - Illinois KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Boone County Illinois KW - Glenwood Formation KW - hydrochemistry KW - aquifers KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - alluvium aquifers KW - metals KW - hydrogen KW - volatile organic compounds KW - water wells KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52016861?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Mills%2C+Patrick+C%3BHalford%2C+Keith+J%3BCobb%2C+Richard+P&rft.aulast=Mills&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Delineation+of+the+Troy+Bedrock+Valley+and+particle-tracking+analysis+of+ground-water+flow+underlying+Belvidere%2C+Illinois&rft.title=Delineation+of+the+Troy+Bedrock+Valley+and+particle-tracking+analysis+of+ground-water+flow+underlying+Belvidere%2C+Illinois&rft.issn=0092332X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA] N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., strat. cols., 4 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices; Prepared in cooperation with the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRIND3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alluvium aquifers; aquifers; Belvidere Illinois; Boone County Illinois; clastic sediments; concentration; confining beds; discharge; drift; ethers; geochemistry; Glenwood Formation; ground water; hydrochemistry; hydrogen; Illinois; isotopes; Kishwaukee River basin; metals; methyl tert-butyl ether; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; preferential flow; radioactive isotopes; Saint Peter Aquifer; sediments; transport; tritium; Troy Bedrock Valley; United States; USGS; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; water quality; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Allen Harboro Landfill, Davisville Naval Construction Battalion Center Superfund Site, North Kingstown, Rhode Island AN - 52016448; 2003-018458 JF - Water-Resources Investigations - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Lyford, Forest P AU - Brandon, William C AU - Williams, Christine A P AU - Church, Peter E AU - Vroblesky, Don A AU - Willey, Richard E Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 37 EP - 40 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, [Reston, VA] SN - 0092-332X, 0092-332X KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Rhode Island KW - pollutants KW - landfills KW - pollution KW - Davisville Naval Construction Battalion KW - environmental analysis KW - measurement KW - ground water KW - North Kingstown Rhode Island KW - Allen Harboro Landfill KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - Kent County Rhode Island KW - passive-vapor-diffusion samplers KW - volatile organic compounds KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - waste disposal KW - USGS KW - instruments KW - Superfund sites KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52016448?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Allen+Harboro+Landfill%2C+Davisville+Naval+Construction+Battalion+Center+Superfund+Site%2C+North+Kingstown%2C+Rhode+Island&rft.au=Lyford%2C+Forest+P%3BBrandon%2C+William+C%3BWilliams%2C+Christine+A+P%3BChurch%2C+Peter+E%3BVroblesky%2C+Don+A%3BWilley%2C+Richard+E&rft.aulast=Lyford&rft.aufirst=Forest&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=0092332X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA] N1 - Document feature - sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRIND3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Allen Harboro Landfill; chlorinated hydrocarbons; Davisville Naval Construction Battalion; environmental analysis; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; instruments; Kent County Rhode Island; landfills; measurement; North Kingstown Rhode Island; organic compounds; passive-vapor-diffusion samplers; pollutants; pollution; Rhode Island; Superfund sites; trichloroethylene; United States; USGS; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Eastern Surplus Company Superfund Site, Meddybemps, Maine AN - 52016420; 2003-018454 JF - Water-Resources Investigations - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Lyford, Forest P AU - Hathaway, Edward M AU - Church, Peter E AU - Vroblesky, Don A AU - Willey, Richard E Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 20 EP - 24 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, [Reston, VA] SN - 0092-332X, 0092-332X KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - monitoring KW - contaminant plumes KW - Washington County Maine KW - toluene KW - pollution KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - ground water KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - Eastern Surplus Company Superfund Site KW - passive-vapor-diffusion samplers KW - Meddybemps Maine KW - volatile organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - Maine KW - USGS KW - instruments KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Superfund sites KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52016420?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Eastern+Surplus+Company+Superfund+Site%2C+Meddybemps%2C+Maine&rft.au=Lyford%2C+Forest+P%3BHathaway%2C+Edward+M%3BChurch%2C+Peter+E%3BVroblesky%2C+Don+A%3BWilley%2C+Richard+E&rft.aulast=Lyford&rft.aufirst=Forest&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=0092332X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA] N1 - Document feature - sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRIND3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; chlorinated hydrocarbons; contaminant plumes; Eastern Surplus Company Superfund Site; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; instruments; Maine; Meddybemps Maine; monitoring; organic compounds; passive-vapor-diffusion samplers; pollution; Superfund sites; tetrachloroethylene; toluene; trichloroethylene; United States; USGS; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; Washington County Maine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Otis Air National Guard/Camp Edwards Superfund Site, Johns Pond, Falmouth, Massachusetts AN - 52016340; 2003-018460 JF - Water-Resources Investigations - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Savoie, Jennifer G AU - LeBlanc, Denis R AU - Church, Peter E AU - Vroblesky, Don A AU - Lyford, Forest P AU - Willey, Richard E Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 43 EP - 48 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, [Reston, VA] SN - 0092-332X, 0092-332X KW - United States KW - Falmouth Massachusetts KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Otis Air National Guard Superfund Site KW - environmental analysis KW - measurement KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - Camp Edwards Superfund Site KW - Barnstable County Massachusetts KW - passive-vapor-diffusion samplers KW - Massachusetts KW - volatile organic compounds KW - Massachusetts Military Reservation KW - military facilities KW - USGS KW - instruments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52016340?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Otis+Air+National+Guard%2FCamp+Edwards+Superfund+Site%2C+Johns+Pond%2C+Falmouth%2C+Massachusetts&rft.au=Savoie%2C+Jennifer+G%3BLeBlanc%2C+Denis+R%3BChurch%2C+Peter+E%3BVroblesky%2C+Don+A%3BLyford%2C+Forest+P%3BWilley%2C+Richard+E&rft.aulast=Savoie&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=0092332X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA] N1 - Document feature - sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRIND3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Barnstable County Massachusetts; Camp Edwards Superfund Site; contaminant plumes; environmental analysis; Falmouth Massachusetts; ground water; instruments; Massachusetts; Massachusetts Military Reservation; measurement; military facilities; organic compounds; Otis Air National Guard Superfund Site; passive-vapor-diffusion samplers; pollutants; pollution; United States; USGS; volatile organic compounds; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Centredale Manor Restoration Project Superfund Site, North Providence, Rhode Island AN - 52015981; 2003-018462 JF - Water-Resources Investigations - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Church, Peter E AU - Lyford, Forest P AU - Krasko, Anna F AU - Vroblesky, Don A AU - Willey, Richard E Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 52 EP - 58 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, [Reston, VA] SN - 0092-332X, 0092-332X KW - United States KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Centredale Manor Restoration Project Superfund Site KW - Rhode Island KW - pollutants KW - Providence Rhode Island KW - pollution KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - environmental analysis KW - measurement KW - ground water KW - volatiles KW - Providence County Rhode Island KW - organic compounds KW - passive-vapor-diffusion samplers KW - volatile organic compounds KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - USGS KW - instruments KW - Superfund sites KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52015981?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Centredale+Manor+Restoration+Project+Superfund+Site%2C+North+Providence%2C+Rhode+Island&rft.au=Church%2C+Peter+E%3BLyford%2C+Forest+P%3BKrasko%2C+Anna+F%3BVroblesky%2C+Don+A%3BWilley%2C+Richard+E&rft.aulast=Church&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=52&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=0092332X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA] N1 - Document feature - 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRIND3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Centredale Manor Restoration Project Superfund Site; chlorinated hydrocarbons; environmental analysis; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; instruments; measurement; organic compounds; passive-vapor-diffusion samplers; pollutants; pollution; Providence County Rhode Island; Providence Rhode Island; Rhode Island; soils; Superfund sites; tetrachloroethylene; trichloroethylene; United States; USGS; volatile organic compounds; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Calf Pasture Point, Davisville Naval Construction Battalion Center Superfund Site, North Kingstown, Rhode Island AN - 52015954; 2003-018459 JF - Water-Resources Investigations - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Lyford, Forest P AU - Williams, Christine A P AU - Brandon, William C AU - Church, Peter E AU - Vroblesky, Don A AU - Willey, Richard E Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 40 EP - 43 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, [Reston, VA] SN - 0092-332X, 0092-332X KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Calf Pasture Point KW - Rhode Island KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Davisville Naval Construction Battalion KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - environmental analysis KW - measurement KW - ground water KW - North Kingstown Rhode Island KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - Kent County Rhode Island KW - passive-vapor-diffusion samplers KW - volatile organic compounds KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - USGS KW - instruments KW - Superfund sites KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52015954?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Calf+Pasture+Point%2C+Davisville+Naval+Construction+Battalion+Center+Superfund+Site%2C+North+Kingstown%2C+Rhode+Island&rft.au=Lyford%2C+Forest+P%3BWilliams%2C+Christine+A+P%3BBrandon%2C+William+C%3BChurch%2C+Peter+E%3BVroblesky%2C+Don+A%3BWilley%2C+Richard+E&rft.aulast=Lyford&rft.aufirst=Forest&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=40&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=0092332X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA] N1 - Document feature - sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRIND3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Calf Pasture Point; chlorinated hydrocarbons; Davisville Naval Construction Battalion; environmental analysis; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; instruments; Kent County Rhode Island; measurement; North Kingstown Rhode Island; organic compounds; passive-vapor-diffusion samplers; pollutants; pollution; Rhode Island; Superfund sites; tetrachloroethylene; trichloroethylene; United States; USGS; volatile organic compounds; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Appendix 2; Field screening of volatile organic compounds collected with passive-vapor-diffusion samplers with a gas chromatograph AN - 52015117; 2003-018464 JF - Water-Resources Investigations - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Clifford, Scott AU - Church, Peter E AU - Vroblesky, Don A AU - Lyford, Forest P AU - Willey, Richard E Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 73 EP - 79 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, [Reston, VA] SN - 0092-332X, 0092-332X KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - measurement KW - ground water KW - gas chromatography KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - sampling KW - passive-vapor-diffusion samplers KW - volatile organic compounds KW - USGS KW - geochemistry KW - accuracy KW - instruments KW - field studies KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52015117?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Appendix+2%3B+Field+screening+of+volatile+organic+compounds+collected+with+passive-vapor-diffusion+samplers+with+a+gas+chromatograph&rft.au=Clifford%2C+Scott%3BChurch%2C+Peter+E%3BVroblesky%2C+Don+A%3BLyford%2C+Forest+P%3BWilley%2C+Richard+E&rft.aulast=Clifford&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=0092332X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA] N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRIND3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; field studies; gas chromatography; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; instruments; measurement; organic compounds; passive-vapor-diffusion samplers; pollutants; pollution; sampling; USGS; volatile organic compounds; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative orientation and micro-porosity analysis of recent marine sediment microfabric AN - 51989612; 2003-038392 JF - Quaternary International AU - Tovey, N Keith AU - Dadey, Kathleen A A2 - Yim, Wyss W. S. A2 - Rogers, J. A2 - Tovey, N. Keith Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 89 EP - 100 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 92 SN - 1040-6182, 1040-6182 KW - orientation KW - Mariana Trough KW - Quaternary KW - statistical analysis KW - Holocene KW - porosity KW - West Pacific KW - IGCP KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Cenozoic KW - marine sediments KW - North Pacific KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Mariana Mounds KW - sediments KW - Pleistocene KW - Northwest Pacific KW - fabric KW - SEM data KW - image analysis KW - anisotropy KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51989612?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quaternary+International&rft.atitle=Quantitative+orientation+and+micro-porosity+analysis+of+recent+marine+sediment+microfabric&rft.au=Tovey%2C+N+Keith%3BDadey%2C+Kathleen+A&rft.aulast=Tovey&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quaternary+International&rft.issn=10406182&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/10406182 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - IGCP Project No. 396 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anisotropy; Cenozoic; fabric; Holocene; hydrothermal conditions; IGCP; image analysis; Mariana Mounds; Mariana Trough; marine sediments; North Pacific; Northwest Pacific; orientation; Pacific Ocean; Pleistocene; porosity; Quaternary; sediments; SEM data; statistical analysis; upper Pleistocene; West Pacific ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deterministic and stochastic water-balance modeling of the Gilt Edge Mine Superfund Site, South Dakota AN - 51913706; 2003-086002 AB - A water-balance model with deterministic and stochastic components was developed and used for the Gilt Edge Mine Superfund Site in South Dakota. The model was developed to evaluate the risks of contaminated runoff discharging to surface waters based on assumed water treatment plant (WTP) rates for different remedial alternatives. The objectives of the modeling were to use a stochastic approach for the analysis of precipitation based on historic records and to make a probabilistic estimation of annual and monthly runoff from disturbed/mining activity areas that now require, or will need, treatment at the WTP, water storage and changes in a major pit, and risk of contaminated water bypass of the WTP to a downstream drainage. Subareas/source areas generating contaminated runoff requiring treatment were delineated. A simple water-balance model was used based on precipitation inputs and evapotranspiration and groundwater losses. Annual and monthly precipitation records for Lead, South Dakota, were used to estimate precipitation at the mine site. A lognormal distribution was estimated for monthly precipitation. The stochastic software package/Excel add-in " @Risk" was used to generate random monthly precipitation values using a Monte Carlo method based on the distributions. The average annual and monthly distribution of pan and lake evaporation and of groundwater losses were also estimated for the site. Stochastic outputs from the model for the end of each month and year included contaminated runoff requiring treatment, water storage in mine pits and the risk of WTP bypass given different assumed WTP rates. The probability of the time required to dewater the pits was also modeled. JF - Transactions of Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration AU - Caruso, B S AU - Wangerud, K Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 104 EP - 112 PB - Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Littleton, CO VL - 312 SN - 1075-8623, 1075-8623 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - Black Hills KW - water balance KW - evapotranspiration KW - environmental analysis KW - stochastic processes KW - Gilt Edge Mine KW - Superfund sites KW - South Dakota KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51913706?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+Society+for+Mining%2C+Metallurgy%2C+and+Exploration&rft.atitle=Deterministic+and+stochastic+water-balance+modeling+of+the+Gilt+Edge+Mine+Superfund+Site%2C+South+Dakota&rft.au=Caruso%2C+B+S%3BWangerud%2C+K&rft.aulast=Caruso&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=312&rft.issue=&rft.spage=104&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+Society+for+Mining%2C+Metallurgy%2C+and+Exploration&rft.issn=10758623&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Preprint 02-089, presented at the SME annual meeting, Feb. 25-27, 2002, Phoenix, Arizona N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Black Hills; environmental analysis; evapotranspiration; Gilt Edge Mine; hydrology; Monte Carlo analysis; pollution; South Dakota; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; Superfund sites; United States; water balance ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of mixing energy in the swirling and baffled flasks AN - 51859973; 2004-029863 JF - Water Studies AU - Kaku, V J AU - Boufadel, M C AU - Venosa, A D A2 - Brebbia, C. A. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 211 EP - 218 PB - WIT Press, Southampton VL - 11 SN - 1462-6071, 1462-6071 KW - laboratory studies KW - experimental studies KW - mixing KW - oil spills KW - pollution KW - algorithms KW - dispersion patterns KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51859973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Studies&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+mixing+energy+in+the+swirling+and+baffled+flasks&rft.au=Kaku%2C+V+J%3BBoufadel%2C+M+C%3BVenosa%2C+A+D&rft.aulast=Kaku&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=1853129224&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Studies&rft.issn=14626071&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international conference on Oil and hydrocarbon spills N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; dispersion patterns; experimental studies; laboratory studies; mixing; oil spills; pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactivity of chemical reductants as a function of redox zonation AN - 51854107; 2004-036218 AB - To determine the distribution and reactivity of chemical reductants as a function of redox zonation, the reaction kinetics for a series of probe molecules have been measured in sediments for which redox conditions have been well characterized. Redox characterization has included quantifying the major redox-active species in sediment pore waters (NO (sub 3) (super -) , Mn (super 2+) , Fe (super 2+) , SO (sub 4) (super 2-) , S (super 2-) , CH (sub 4) , and H (sub 2) ) and the use of acid extraction to determine the major pools of Fe(II), Fe(III), FeS and FeS (sub 2) associated with the solid phase of the sediments. Reactivity patterns determined for halogenated methanes in iron-reducing and sulphate-reducing sediments and Fe(II)-goethite and FeS model systems suggest that Fe(II) sorbed to iron oxides is the dominant chemical reductant in both the iron-reducing and sulphate-reducing sediments. Reaction kinetics of a nitroaromatic probe chemical studied in sediments as a function of redox zonation provides further evidence for the important role of Fe(II) as a reductant in sediments under iron-reducing, sulphate-reducing and methanogenic conditions. JF - IAHS-AISH Publication AU - Weber, E J AU - Kenneke, J F AU - Hoferkamp, L A A2 - Thornton, Steven F. A2 - Oswald, Sascha E. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 113 EP - 118 PB - International Association of Hydrological Sciences VL - 275 SN - 0144-7815, 0144-7815 KW - sulfate ion KW - methane KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - pollution KW - alkanes KW - ions KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - chemical reactions KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - reduction KW - transformations KW - nitrate ion KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - pore water KW - Eh KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51854107?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IAHS-AISH+Publication&rft.atitle=Reactivity+of+chemical+reductants+as+a+function+of+redox+zonation&rft.au=Weber%2C+E+J%3BKenneke%2C+J+F%3BHoferkamp%2C+L+A&rft.aulast=Weber&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=275&rft.issue=&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=1901502864&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IAHS-AISH+Publication&rft.issn=01447815&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Groundwater quality 2001 conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PIHSD9 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; anaerobic environment; aquifers; chemical reactions; Eh; geochemistry; ground water; hydrocarbons; ions; kinetics; methane; nitrate ion; organic compounds; pollution; pore water; reduction; sediments; sulfate ion; transformations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interpreting tracer data to forecast remedial performance AN - 51854002; 2004-036203 AB - The cost of remediating sites contaminated with organics is high. Prior to investing in remedial technologies, decision makers want to know the benefits, both short term and long term, which will be derived from a proposed remedial activity. Recent studies have shown significant mass removals by a number of technologies, suggesting that mass removal is technically practicable. Most of these studies have been performed in relatively small controlled test cells and do not permit direct assessment of the benefits in terms of mass flux reduction downgradient from the test area. This paper investigates the potential use of tracers to estimate the heterogeneity of a flow field that is being remediated and the mass and distribution of a non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) within the flow field. The effects of the heterogeneity and NAPL distribution on the short-term performance of the remedial system are evaluated. JF - IAHS-AISH Publication AU - Enfield, Carl G AU - Wood, A Lynn AU - Brooks, Michael C AU - Annable, Michael D A2 - Thornton, Steven F. A2 - Oswald, Sascha E. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 11 EP - 16 PB - International Association of Hydrological Sciences VL - 275 SN - 0144-7815, 0144-7815 KW - technology KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - mathematical models KW - decision-making KW - solubility KW - preferential flow KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - stochastic processes KW - decontamination KW - tracers KW - mobility KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51854002?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IAHS-AISH+Publication&rft.atitle=Interpreting+tracer+data+to+forecast+remedial+performance&rft.au=Enfield%2C+Carl+G%3BWood%2C+A+Lynn%3BBrooks%2C+Michael+C%3BAnnable%2C+Michael+D&rft.aulast=Enfield&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=275&rft.issue=&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=1901502864&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IAHS-AISH+Publication&rft.issn=01447815&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Groundwater quality 2001 conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PIHSD9 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; contaminant plumes; decision-making; decontamination; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; ground water; mathematical models; mobility; models; nonaqueous phase liquids; optimization; pollution; preferential flow; remediation; solubility; stochastic processes; technology; tracers ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Technology integration for contaminated site remediation; clean-up goals and performance criteria AN - 51853957; 2004-036289 AB - There is a need to develop and field-test integrated remediation technologies for cost-effective treatment of contaminated sites to achieve risk-based and rational endpoints. Aggressive technologies designed for rapid source-zone remediation must be linked to technologies for achieving enhanced clean up of the dissolved plume. Remediation technology integration should minimize the cost of achieving risk-based endpoints by selecting treatment trains or technology combinations that, when coupled together, work in a synergistic manner. Contaminant flux across a control plane immediately downgradient from the source, rather than contaminant concentration, should be used as the basis for evaluating the effectiveness or success of remediation. The acceptable threshold contaminant flux should be set equal to, or less than, the natural attenuation capacity within the dissolved plume. Simulation results show that significant contaminant-flux reductions can be achieved by partial removal of contaminant mass from DNAPL source zones. JF - IAHS-AISH Publication AU - Rao, P Suresh C AU - Jawitz, James W AU - Enfield, Carl G AU - Falta, Ronald W, Jr AU - Annable, Michael D AU - Wood, A Lynn A2 - Thornton, Steven F. A2 - Oswald, Sascha E. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 571 EP - 578 PB - International Association of Hydrological Sciences VL - 275 SN - 0144-7815, 0144-7815 KW - water quality KW - technology KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - cost KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - decontamination KW - water treatment KW - natural attenuation KW - risk assessment KW - water wells KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51853957?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IAHS-AISH+Publication&rft.atitle=Technology+integration+for+contaminated+site+remediation%3B+clean-up+goals+and+performance+criteria&rft.au=Rao%2C+P+Suresh+C%3BJawitz%2C+James+W%3BEnfield%2C+Carl+G%3BFalta%2C+Ronald+W%2C+Jr%3BAnnable%2C+Michael+D%3BWood%2C+A+Lynn&rft.aulast=Rao&rft.aufirst=P+Suresh&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=275&rft.issue=&rft.spage=571&rft.isbn=1901502864&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IAHS-AISH+Publication&rft.issn=01447815&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Groundwater quality 2001 conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PIHSD9 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; contaminant plumes; cost; decontamination; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; ground water; natural attenuation; nonaqueous phase liquids; optimization; pollution; remediation; risk assessment; technology; water quality; water treatment; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surficial sediment contamination in lakes Erie and Ontario; a comparative analysis AN - 51848186; 2004-038628 AB - Sediment surveys were conducted in Lakes Erie and Ontario to characterize spatial trends in contamination, to assist in elucidation of possible sources of contamination, and for identification of area where contamination exceeded Canadian sediment quality guidelines for protection of aquatic biota. Sediment levels of metals including nickel, lead, zinc, chromium, and copper were compared to pre-colonial concentrations, and sediment enrichment factors, defined as the ratio of surficial concentrations to background concentrations determined from benthos cores, were calculated. Sediments in Lake Ontario exhibited elevated contamination compared to Lake Erie. The average enrichment factor for Lake Ontario (2.6) was comparable to the western basin in Lake Erie but greater than those for the central (1.3) and eastern (1.0) basins. There was a gradient toward decreasing sediment contamination from the western basin to the eastern basin of Lake Erie, and from the southern to the northern area of the central basin. Sediment contamination in Lake Ontario was similarly distributed across the three major depositional basins. The spatial distribution of metals was similar to those of other contaminants including mercury, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs). Lake-wide averages of sediment mercury, PCBs and PCDDs/PCDFs in Lake Erie were 0.185 mu g/g, and 18.8 pg/g TEQs, respectively. Lake-wide averages of sediment mercury, PCBs and PCDDs/PCDFs in Lake Ontario were 0.586 mu g/g, 100 ng/g, and 101 pg/g TEQs, respectively. JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Marvin, Christopher H AU - Charlton, Murray N AU - Reiner, Eric J AU - Kolic, Terry AU - MacPherson, Karen AU - Stern, Gary A AU - Braekevelt, Eric AU - Estenik, J F AU - Thiessen, Lina AU - Painter, Scott Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 437 EP - 450 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 28 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - North America KW - Lake Ontario KW - Lake Erie KW - pollutants KW - PCBs KW - pollution KW - effects KW - ecosystems KW - dioxins KW - distribution KW - spatial distribution KW - organic compounds KW - sampling KW - metals KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes KW - ecology KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51848186?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Surficial+sediment+contamination+in+lakes+Erie+and+Ontario%3B+a+comparative+analysis&rft.au=Marvin%2C+Christopher+H%3BCharlton%2C+Murray+N%3BReiner%2C+Eric+J%3BKolic%2C+Terry%3BMacPherson%2C+Karen%3BStern%2C+Gary+A%3BBraekevelt%2C+Eric%3BEstenik%2C+J+F%3BThiessen%2C+Lina%3BPainter%2C+Scott&rft.aulast=Marvin&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=437&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.iaglr.org/jglr/journal.php LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; dioxins; distribution; ecology; ecosystems; effects; Great Lakes; halogenated hydrocarbons; Lake Erie; Lake Ontario; mercury; metals; North America; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; sampling; spatial distribution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Engineering and economic evaluation of gas recovery and utilization technologies at selected US mines AN - 51685207; 2005-059571 JF - Environmental Science and Policy AU - Kirchgessner, David A AU - Masemore, Sushma S AU - Piccot, Stephen D Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 397 EP - 409 PB - Elsevier Science VL - 5 IS - 5 SN - 1462-9011, 1462-9011 KW - United States KW - mining KW - mines KW - technology KW - methane KW - underground mining KW - pollutants KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - pollution KW - atmosphere KW - coal seams KW - alkanes KW - environmental effects KW - gas injection KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - economics KW - air KW - greenhouse effect KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51685207?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+and+Policy&rft.atitle=Engineering+and+economic+evaluation+of+gas+recovery+and+utilization+technologies+at+selected+US+mines&rft.au=Kirchgessner%2C+David+A%3BMasemore%2C+Sushma+S%3BPiccot%2C+Stephen+D&rft.aulast=Kirchgessner&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=397&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+and+Policy&rft.issn=14629011&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/14629011 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; atmosphere; coal seams; economics; environmental effects; gas injection; greenhouse effect; hydrocarbons; methane; mines; mining; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; technology; underground mining; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Leviathan Mine Superfund site, CA; early response actions, phased investigation and cleanup AN - 51638403; 2006-012126 JF - Annual Meeting - Association of Engineering Geologists AU - Mayer, Kevin P AU - Luce, Gary AU - Buchanan, Kelvin J Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 76 PB - Association of Engineering Geologists, [location varies] VL - 45 SN - 0375-572X, 0375-572X KW - United States KW - Sierra Nevada KW - Leviathan Mine KW - California KW - water quality KW - acid mine drainage KW - Superfund KW - watersheds KW - pollution KW - water pollution KW - remediation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51638403?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.atitle=Leviathan+Mine+Superfund+site%2C+CA%3B+early+response+actions%2C+phased+investigation+and+cleanup&rft.au=Mayer%2C+Kevin+P%3BLuce%2C+Gary%3BBuchanan%2C+Kelvin+J&rft.aulast=Mayer&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=&rft.spage=76&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.issn=0375572X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AEG's 45th annual meeting and AIPG's 39th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CAGPAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; California; Leviathan Mine; pollution; remediation; Sierra Nevada; Superfund; United States; water pollution; water quality; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring recovery of a crude oil-contaminated saltmarsh following in-situ remediation treatments AN - 51605198; 2006-029372 JF - Environmental Studies (Southampton) AU - Lee, K AU - Venosa, A D AU - Suidan, M T AU - Greer, C W AU - Wohlgeschaffen, G AU - Cobanli, C AU - Tremblay, G H AU - Gauthier, J AU - Doe, K G A2 - Brebbia, C. A. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 127 EP - 137 PB - WIT Press, Southampton VL - 8 SN - 1462-6098, 1462-6098 KW - remediation KW - water treatment KW - oil spills KW - sediments KW - crude oil KW - ecology KW - Maritime Provinces KW - water pollution KW - Petpeswick Inlet KW - Conrod's Beach KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - marshes KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - nutrients KW - mires KW - salt marshes KW - Canada KW - wetlands KW - Nova Scotia KW - coastal environment KW - Eastern Canada KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51605198?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Studies+%28Southampton%29&rft.atitle=Monitoring+recovery+of+a+crude+oil-contaminated+saltmarsh+following+in-situ+remediation+treatments&rft.au=Lee%2C+K%3BVenosa%2C+A+D%3BSuidan%2C+M+T%3BGreer%2C+C+W%3BWohlgeschaffen%2C+G%3BCobanli%2C+C%3BTremblay%2C+G+H%3BGauthier%2C+J%3BDoe%2C+K+G&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=1853129216&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Studies+%28Southampton%29&rft.issn=14626098&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international conference on Environmental problems in coastal regions; Coastal environment IV N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioremediation; Canada; coastal environment; Conrod's Beach; crude oil; Eastern Canada; ecology; experimental studies; Maritime Provinces; marshes; mires; monitoring; Nova Scotia; nutrients; oil spills; Petpeswick Inlet; pollutants; pollution; remediation; salt marshes; sediments; surface water; water pollution; water treatment; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioremediation of oil-contaminated coastal freshwater and saltwater wetlands AN - 51602304; 2006-029373 JF - Environmental Studies (Southampton) AU - Venosa, A D AU - Suidan, M T AU - Lee, K AU - Cobanli, S E AU - Garcia-Blanco, S AU - Haines, J R A2 - Brebbia, C. A. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 139 EP - 148 PB - WIT Press, Southampton VL - 8 SN - 1462-6098, 1462-6098 KW - Quebec KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - fresh water KW - vegetation KW - salt water KW - remediation KW - Saint Lawrence River KW - oil spills KW - ecology KW - Maritime Provinces KW - water pollution KW - Petpeswick Inlet KW - Conrod's Beach KW - North America KW - biodegradation KW - marshes KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - alkanes KW - bioremediation KW - nutrients KW - organic compounds KW - mires KW - salt marshes KW - Canada KW - wetlands KW - Sainte Croix de Lotibiniere Quebec KW - Nova Scotia KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - coastal environment KW - Eastern Canada KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51602304?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Studies+%28Southampton%29&rft.atitle=Bioremediation+of+oil-contaminated+coastal+freshwater+and+saltwater+wetlands&rft.au=Venosa%2C+A+D%3BSuidan%2C+M+T%3BLee%2C+K%3BCobanli%2C+S+E%3BGarcia-Blanco%2C+S%3BHaines%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Venosa&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=1853129216&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Studies+%28Southampton%29&rft.issn=14626098&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international conference on Environmental problems in coastal regions; Coastal environment IV N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; aromatic hydrocarbons; biodegradation; bioremediation; Canada; coastal environment; Conrod's Beach; Eastern Canada; ecology; fresh water; hydrocarbons; Maritime Provinces; marshes; mires; North America; Nova Scotia; nutrients; oil spills; organic compounds; Petpeswick Inlet; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Quebec; remediation; Saint Lawrence River; Sainte Croix de Lotibiniere Quebec; salt marshes; salt water; surface water; vegetation; water pollution; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Riverbank filtration as a pretreatment for nanofiltration membranes AN - 51526829; 2006-086524 JF - Water Science and Technology Library AU - Speth, Thomas F AU - Merkel, Till AU - Gusses, Alison M A2 - Ray, Chittaranjan A2 - Melin, Gina A2 - Linsky, Ronald B. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 261 EP - 265 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 43 SN - 0921-092X, 0921-092X KW - United States KW - water quality KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - river banks KW - Hamilton County Ohio KW - filtration KW - water treatment KW - Cincinnati Ohio KW - Jefferson County Kentucky KW - Ohio River KW - Ohio KW - water supply KW - effluents KW - pollution KW - geomembranes KW - aquifers KW - infiltration KW - Harsha Lake KW - Kentucky KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - water wells KW - design KW - Louisville Kentucky KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51526829?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Technology+Library&rft.atitle=Riverbank+filtration+as+a+pretreatment+for+nanofiltration+membranes&rft.au=Speth%2C+Thomas+F%3BMerkel%2C+Till%3BGusses%2C+Alison+M&rft.aulast=Speth&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=1402011334&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Technology+Library&rft.issn=0921092X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Cincinnati Ohio; design; drinking water; effluents; filtration; geomembranes; ground water; Hamilton County Ohio; Harsha Lake; hydraulic conductivity; infiltration; Jefferson County Kentucky; Kentucky; Louisville Kentucky; Ohio; Ohio River; pollution; river banks; United States; water quality; water supply; water treatment; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reduction in disinfection byproduct precursors and pathogens during riverbank filtration at three Midwestern United States drinking-water utilities AN - 51526325; 2006-086521 JF - Water Science and Technology Library AU - Weiss, W Joshua AU - Bouwer, Edward J AU - Ball, William P AU - O'Melia, Charles R AU - Arora, Harish AU - Speth, Thomas F A2 - Ray, Chittaranjan A2 - Melin, Gina A2 - Linsky, Ronald B. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 147 EP - 173 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 43 SN - 0921-092X, 0921-092X KW - United States KW - water quality KW - sorption KW - Missouri River KW - Missouri KW - suspended materials KW - Platte County Missouri KW - environmental analysis KW - drinking water KW - Vigo County Indiana KW - ground water KW - carcinogens KW - Jeffersonville Indiana KW - river banks KW - decontamination KW - filtration KW - water treatment KW - Indiana KW - Ohio River KW - biodegradation KW - Wabash River KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Terre Haute Indiana KW - rates KW - aquifers KW - recharge KW - Clark County Indiana KW - risk assessment KW - Parkville Missouri KW - Midwest KW - microorganisms KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51526325?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Technology+Library&rft.atitle=Reduction+in+disinfection+byproduct+precursors+and+pathogens+during+riverbank+filtration+at+three+Midwestern+United+States+drinking-water+utilities&rft.au=Weiss%2C+W+Joshua%3BBouwer%2C+Edward+J%3BBall%2C+William+P%3BO%27Melia%2C+Charles+R%3BArora%2C+Harish%3BSpeth%2C+Thomas+F&rft.aulast=Weiss&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=1402011334&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Technology+Library&rft.issn=0921092X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 25 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; biodegradation; carcinogens; Clark County Indiana; decontamination; drinking water; environmental analysis; filtration; ground water; Indiana; Jeffersonville Indiana; microorganisms; Midwest; Missouri; Missouri River; Ohio River; Parkville Missouri; Platte County Missouri; pollutants; pollution; rates; recharge; risk assessment; river banks; sorption; suspended materials; Terre Haute Indiana; United States; Vigo County Indiana; Wabash River; water quality; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of oil production releases on some soil chemical properties at the O.S.P.E.R. field site AN - 51401884; 2007-077067 JF - Annual International Petroleum Environmental Conference AU - Kampbell, Don H AU - An, Youn-Joo AU - Kirby, Wendy G AU - Abbott, Marvin M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 EP - unpaginated PB - Integrated Petroleum Environmental Consortium VL - 9 KW - United States KW - soils KW - chlorine KW - total petroleum hydrocarbons KW - biomass KW - Skiatook Lake KW - halogens KW - pollution KW - petroleum products KW - Osage County Oklahoma KW - dehydrogenase KW - organic compounds KW - Oklahoma KW - conductivity KW - chloride ion KW - brines KW - hydrocarbons KW - chemical properties KW - nitrate ion KW - activity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51401884?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+International+Petroleum+Environmental+Conference&rft.atitle=Impact+of+oil+production+releases+on+some+soil+chemical+properties+at+the+O.S.P.E.R.+field+site&rft.au=Kampbell%2C+Don+H%3BAn%2C+Youn-Joo%3BKirby%2C+Wendy+G%3BAbbott%2C+Marvin+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kampbell&rft.aufirst=Don&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+International+Petroleum+Environmental+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 9th annual international petroleum environmental conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06796 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - activity; biomass; brines; chemical properties; chloride ion; chlorine; conductivity; dehydrogenase; halogens; hydrocarbons; nitrate ion; Oklahoma; organic compounds; Osage County Oklahoma; petroleum products; pollution; Skiatook Lake; soils; total petroleum hydrocarbons; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geo-ecology and management of sensitive montane landscapes AN - 51335128; 2003-031121 AB - Montane (alpine) areas are generally of high value for nature conservation. Such environments and the habitats they support are dynamic and often fragile. They are vulnerable to disturbance from a range of human activities and are responsive to climate changes over short and long timescales. Biodiversity and conservation values are closely linked to geological history, geomorphological processes and soils, and it is crucial that management systems are based on understanding these links. There are many similarities between the Cairngorm Mountains (Scotland), the Giant Mountains (Czech Republic) and Abisko Mountains (Sweden) in terms of geology, geomorphology, ecology, links with biodiversity and high conservation importance. Comparable pressures and management issues involve, to varying degrees, a history of human use and impacts from deforestation, pasturing, grazing, recreation and atmospheric pollution. Landscape change therefore involves a complex interplay between natural and anthropogenic factors. Managing such change requires better understanding of the geo-ecological processes involved and the factors that determine landscape sensitivity. This is illustrated through a simple framework and examples from the three areas. Comparison of landscape sensitivity between similar montane areas, but in different geographic locations and climatic environments, should allow more informed management planning and a precautionary approach in advance of further changes in human activity and from predicted global warming scenarios. JF - Geografiska Annaler. Series A: Physical Geography AU - Gordon, John E AU - Dvorak, Igor J AU - Jonasson, Christer AU - Josefsson, Melanie AU - Kocianova, Milena AU - Thompson, Des B A Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 193 EP - 203 PB - Generalstabens Litografiska Anstlalt, Stockholm VL - 84 IS - 3-4 SN - 0435-3676, 0435-3676 KW - subalpine environment KW - terrestrial environment KW - Grampian Highlands KW - global change KW - Europe KW - recreation KW - environmental analysis KW - Great Britain KW - mountains KW - conservation KW - Central Europe KW - ecology KW - species diversity KW - deforestation KW - climate KW - Cairngorm Mountains KW - global warming KW - soils KW - Western Europe KW - Karkonosze Mountains KW - human activity KW - Bohemia KW - landform evolution KW - pollution KW - United Kingdom KW - Scottish Highlands KW - Scotland KW - habitat KW - Scandinavia KW - Czech Republic KW - planning KW - Sudeten Mountains KW - landscapes KW - preservation KW - Sweden KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51335128?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geografiska+Annaler.+Series+A%3A+Physical+Geography&rft.atitle=Geo-ecology+and+management+of+sensitive+montane+landscapes&rft.au=Gordon%2C+John+E%3BDvorak%2C+Igor+J%3BJonasson%2C+Christer%3BJosefsson%2C+Melanie%3BKocianova%2C+Milena%3BThompson%2C+Des+B+A&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geografiska+Annaler.+Series+A%3A+Physical+Geography&rft.issn=04353676&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0435-3676 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from PASCAL, Institute de l'Information Scientifique et Technique, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAPGAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bohemia; Cairngorm Mountains; Central Europe; climate; conservation; Czech Republic; deforestation; ecology; environmental analysis; Europe; global change; global warming; Grampian Highlands; Great Britain; habitat; human activity; Karkonosze Mountains; landform evolution; landscapes; mountains; planning; pollution; preservation; recreation; Scandinavia; Scotland; Scottish Highlands; soils; species diversity; subalpine environment; Sudeten Mountains; Sweden; terrestrial environment; United Kingdom; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulation of arsenic in drinking water affects ground water systems AN - 51178354; 2002-048873 JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Job, Charles Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 40 EP - 43 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 22 IS - 1 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - toxic materials KW - monitoring KW - regulations KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - standardization KW - decision-making KW - Safe Drinking Water Act KW - drinking water KW - cost KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - carcinogens KW - safety KW - toxicity KW - metals KW - water treatment KW - public health KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51178354?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Regulation+of+arsenic+in+drinking+water+affects+ground+water+systems&rft.au=Job%2C+Charles&rft.aulast=Job&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=40&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; carcinogens; cost; decision-making; drinking water; ground water; metals; monitoring; pollution; public health; regulations; remediation; Safe Drinking Water Act; safety; standardization; toxic materials; toxicity; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Technical challenges of beneficially reusing reclaimed groundwater AN - 51154619; 2003-078018 JF - American Water Resources Association Technical Publication Series AU - Schneider, William H AU - Lowe, William L AU - Davies, Kathryn AU - Hirsh, Steven AU - Wrobel, John AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 309 PB - AWRA - American Water Resources Association, Bethesda, MD VL - 02-4 SN - 1070-6763, 1070-6763 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - water supply KW - experimental studies KW - recycling KW - pollutants KW - Aberdeen Proving Ground KW - pollution KW - drinking water KW - cost KW - Canal Creek KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - volatiles KW - Harford County Maryland KW - economics KW - Maryland KW - water resources KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51154619?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Water+Resources+Association+Technical+Publication+Series&rft.atitle=Technical+challenges+of+beneficially+reusing+reclaimed+groundwater&rft.au=Schneider%2C+William+H%3BLowe%2C+William+L%3BDavies%2C+Kathryn%3BHirsh%2C+Steven%3BWrobel%2C+John%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Schneider&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=02-4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=309&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Water+Resources+Association+Technical+Publication+Series&rft.issn=10706763&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2002 annual water resources conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - MD N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aberdeen Proving Ground; aquifers; Canal Creek; cost; drinking water; economics; experimental studies; ground water; Harford County Maryland; Maryland; models; pollutants; pollution; recycling; United States; volatiles; water quality; water resources; water supply ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and innovative use of low-cost plastic liners for temporary sealing of open boreholes in a fractured carbonate aquifer AN - 51154582; 2003-078008 JF - American Water Resources Association Technical Publication Series AU - Carleton, G B AU - Best, E W AU - Alvey, R AU - Mason, J M AU - Rosenberg, M J AU - Lee, K Y AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 270 PB - AWRA - American Water Resources Association, Bethesda, MD VL - 02-4 SN - 1070-6763, 1070-6763 KW - fractured materials KW - sealing KW - well-logging KW - pollution KW - plastic materials KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - environmental management KW - fractures KW - sedimentary rocks KW - boreholes KW - movement KW - carbonate rocks KW - water wells KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51154582?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Water+Resources+Association+Technical+Publication+Series&rft.atitle=Development+and+innovative+use+of+low-cost+plastic+liners+for+temporary+sealing+of+open+boreholes+in+a+fractured+carbonate+aquifer&rft.au=Carleton%2C+G+B%3BBest%2C+E+W%3BAlvey%2C+R%3BMason%2C+J+M%3BRosenberg%2C+M+J%3BLee%2C+K+Y%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Carleton&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=02-4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=270&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Water+Resources+Association+Technical+Publication+Series&rft.issn=10706763&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2002 annual water resources conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - MD N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; boreholes; carbonate rocks; environmental management; fractured materials; fractures; ground water; movement; plastic materials; pollution; sealing; sedimentary rocks; water wells; well-logging ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting chlorine residuals in drinking water: Second order model AN - 27659859; 200206-41-0280 (CE); 0603892 (EN) AB - A major objective of drinking water treatment is to provide water that is both microbiologically and chemically safe for human consumption. Drinking water chlorination, therefore, poses a dilemma. Chemical disinfection reduces the risk of infectious disease, but the interaction between chemical disinfectants and precursor materials in source water may result in potentially harmful by-products. Chlorine consumption results in the formation of by-products, and the loss of chlorine residual reduces protection against potentially pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, much effort has been invested in characterizing the loss of chlorine residuals in raw and treated water. This paper presents a mathematical model based on the use of two second-order terms for predicting this loss or decay. JF - Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management [J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage.] AU - Clark, Robert M AU - Sivaganesan, Mano AD - Natl. Risk Management Research Lab. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268, United States PY - 2002 SP - 152 EP - 161 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, 1801 Alexander Bell Drive, Reston, VA, 20191-4400, USA, [mailto:journal-services@asce.org], [URL:http://www.asce.org] VL - 128 IS - 2 SN - 0733-9496, 0733-9496 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Drinking water KW - Chlorine KW - Mathematical models KW - Byproducts KW - Consumption KW - Management KW - Chlorination KW - Article KW - EE 461.7:Health Care KW - EE 802.2:Chemical Reactions KW - EE 444:Water Resources KW - EE 445.1:Water Treatment Techniques KW - EE 461.9:Biology (EN) KW - EE 802.3:Chemical Operations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/27659859?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management+%5BJ.+Water+Resour.+Plann.+Manage.%5D&rft.atitle=Predicting+chlorine+residuals+in+drinking+water%3A+Second+order+model&rft.au=Clark%2C+Robert+M%3BSivaganesan%2C+Mano&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=152&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management+%5BJ.+Water+Resour.+Plann.+Manage.%5D&rft.issn=07339496&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationship between trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids with total organic halogen during chlorination AN - 20966245; 11048837 AB - The effects of bromide ion, pH and reaction time on the formation of four trihalomethanes, nine haloacetic acids and total organic halogens in chlorinated drinking water have been investigated. In this extensive study, the relationship of total trihalomethanes and total haloacetic acids with total organic halogen have been evaluated. The study determined the concentration range of nine haloacetic acids and four trihalomethanes as a percentage of total organic halogen. The results showed that the percentage of total organic halogen made up of total trihalomethanes plus total haloacetic acids significantly increases with increasing bromide ion concentrations and pH. These observations suggest that both a higher bromide concentration and pH cause the formation of mainly brominated trihalomethanes with the reduction of haloacetic acids which could be identified and quantified by current USEPA methods. JF - Water Science & Technology: Water Supply AU - Pourmoghaddas, H AU - Stevens, A A AD - *Department of Environmental Health, School of Health, University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran**Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 509 EP - 514 VL - 2 IS - 5-6 SN - 1606-9749, 1606-9749 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Halogens KW - Byproducts KW - Water Supply KW - Hydrogen Ion Concentration KW - Water supplies KW - Drinking Water KW - Water treatment KW - Bromides KW - Acids KW - Trihalomethanes KW - Chlorination KW - Drinking water KW - pH KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 0810:General KW - ENA 16:Renewable Resources-Water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20966245?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology%3A+Water+Supply&rft.atitle=Relationship+between+trihalomethanes+and+haloacetic+acids+with+total+organic+halogen+during+chlorination&rft.au=Pourmoghaddas%2C+H%3BStevens%2C+A+A&rft.aulast=Pourmoghaddas&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=509&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology%3A+Water+Supply&rft.issn=16069749&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water treatment; Trihalomethanes; Byproducts; Chlorination; Drinking water; Water supplies; pH; Drinking Water; Bromides; Halogens; Acids; Water Supply; Hydrogen Ion Concentration ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Automated event sampling for microbiological and related analytes in remote sites: a comprehensive system AN - 20965385; 11048720 AB - Pathogen concentrations are most often monitored during dry weather. Generally in Australia, however, loads mobilised during storms are of more concern. The filling of reservoirs commonly occurs from heavy rain events, and flood inputs may destabilise reservoir hydraulics leading to short-circuiting of contaminates to water supply off-takes. To capture storm events that can occur rapidly in remote locations at any time, automated sampling would seem appropriate. Unfortunately no commercial sampling system appears suitable for collecting multiple large volume samples along a hydrograph. We report here the development of an Event Sampling System (ESS) and associated resources, designed to address the special needs of microbiological sampling and varying event and site characteristics. The resultant ESSs consist of a standardised sampling module, enclosed in housings suited to different circumstances that is currently being field tested at six sites. Sampling module components include ISCO samplers modified to collect 24 ten litre ambient and 24 one litre refrigerated samples at remote sites along with in situ stream data. Essential to this hardware are sample collection and ESS management protocols covering issues such as storm warning, collection team mobilisation, laboratory coordination, ESS commissioning and maintenance. Some issues remain to be addressed, hence the resulting ESSs are seen as prototypes in the development of standardised storm-event based microbiological sampling well suited to remote locations. JF - Water Science & Technology: Water Supply AU - Roser, D AU - Skinner, J AU - Lemaitre, C AU - Marshall, L AU - Baldwin, J AU - Billington, K AU - Kotz, S AU - Clarkson, K AU - Ashbolt, N AD - *Centre for Water and Waste Technology, Cooperative Research Centre for Water Quality and Treatment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia **Ecowise Environmental Ltd., PO Box 1834, Fyshwick ACT 2609, Australia ***Ecowise Environmental Ltd., PO Box 1834, Fyshwick ACT 2609, Australia ****Centre for Water and Waste Technology, Cooperative Research Centre for Water Quality and Treatment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia *****Ecowise Environmental Ltd., PO Box 1834, Fyshwick ACT 2609, Australia ******South Australia EPA Mount Lofty Ranges Watershed Protection Office, Suite 2, 85 Mount Barker Road, Stirling SA 5152, Australia Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 123 EP - 130 VL - 2 IS - 3 SN - 1606-9749, 1606-9749 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Hydraulics KW - Water reservoirs KW - prototypes KW - Water Supply KW - Automation KW - Storms KW - Water supplies KW - Reservoirs KW - Weather KW - Microorganisms KW - Resource development KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Housing KW - Streams KW - Floods KW - Australia KW - Sampling KW - Data processing KW - Pathogens KW - Samplers KW - Maintenance KW - Water pollution KW - Water supply KW - Rain KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20965385?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology%3A+Water+Supply&rft.atitle=Automated+event+sampling+for+microbiological+and+related+analytes+in+remote+sites%3A+a+comprehensive+system&rft.au=Roser%2C+D%3BSkinner%2C+J%3BLemaitre%2C+C%3BMarshall%2C+L%3BBaldwin%2C+J%3BBillington%2C+K%3BKotz%2C+S%3BClarkson%2C+K%3BAshbolt%2C+N&rft.aulast=Roser&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology%3A+Water+Supply&rft.issn=16069749&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution monitoring; Water reservoirs; Automation; Sampling; Pathogens; Resource development; Samplers; Water pollution; Water supply; Hydraulics; Weather; Data processing; Housing; Floods; Rain; Water supplies; Storms; prototypes; Reservoirs; Maintenance; Water Supply; Microorganisms; Streams; Australia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of a methyl tert-butyl ether degrading culture applied in a membrane bioreactor; Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of a methyl tert-butyl ether degrading culture applied in a membrane bioreactor AN - 20961319; 11048691 AB - A membrane bioreactor (MBR) was operated for the removal of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) from water. Although the reactor was seeded with several cultures acclimated to MTBE degradation, a long start-up time was observed. Monitoring of the reactor with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) revealed a dramatic shift in the MBR culture from the original seed culture, indicating that the membrane had exerted a selective pressure on the culture. The MBR culture was found to be dominated almost entirely by Sphingomonas, belonging to the a-4 subclass of the a-Proteobacteria. Several unique properties of Sphingomonas, including their characteristic outer membrane containing glycosphingolipids, as well as their extreme adeptness at xenobiotic degradation are hypothesized to have aided in their selection in this bioreactor. JF - Water Science & Technology: Water Supply AU - Pruden, A AU - Suidan, M AU - Morrison, J AU - Venosa, A AD - *Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, M.L. 0071, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, U.S.A., 45221 **Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, M.L. 0071, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, U.S.A., 45221. (E-mail: makram.suidan[at]uc.edu) ***Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, M.L. 0071, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, U.S.A., 45221****U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH, U.S.A., 25268. (E-mail: Venosa.Albert[at]epamail.epa.gov) Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 207 EP - 212 VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 1606-9749, 1606-9749 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Sphingomonas KW - Membranes KW - Bioreactors KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - ENA 16:Renewable Resources-Water KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes KW - W 30900:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20961319?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology%3A+Water+Supply&rft.atitle=Denaturing+gradient+gel+electrophoresis+analysis+of+a+methyl+tert-butyl+ether+degrading+culture+applied+in+a+membrane+bioreactor%3B+Denaturing+gradient+gel+electrophoresis+analysis+of+a+methyl+tert-butyl+ether+degrading+culture+applied+in+a+membrane+bioreactor&rft.au=Pruden%2C+A%3BSuidan%2C+M%3BMorrison%2C+J%3BVenosa%2C+A&rft.aulast=Pruden&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology%3A+Water+Supply&rft.issn=16069749&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioreactors; Membranes; Sphingomonas ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Depressed filtration ripening enhances removal of Cryptosporidium parvum AN - 20955158; 11048724 AB - Pilot-scale experiments were conducted to investigate removal of Cryptosporidium parvum by contact granular filtration. The research demonstrated enhanced removal of Cryptosporidium parvum in the presence of kaolin particles. This is believed to be due electrostatic adhesion of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts to the kaolin clay particles. The elementary physico-chemical interactions between filter granules and suspension particles will be discussed. This innovative concept was successfully implemented to reduce the ripening sequence of subsequent filtration experimental test runs by the addition of large surface area particles to slurry of kaolin and Cryptosporidium parvum in surface water. JF - Water Science & Technology: Water Supply AU - Gitis, V AU - Haught, R C AU - Clark, R M AU - Krishnan, E Radha AD - *Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati OH 45221-0071, USA **USA EPA, Office of Research and Development, NRMRL, Water Supply and Water Resources Division, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati OH 45268, USA ***USA EPA, Office of Research and Development, NRMRL, Water Supply and Water Resources Division, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati OH 45268, USA ****IT Corporation, 11499 Chester Road., Cincinnati OH 45246, USA Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 159 EP - 168 VL - 2 IS - 3 SN - 1606-9749, 1606-9749 KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Granules KW - Physicochemical Properties KW - Surface water KW - Water Supply KW - Surface Water KW - Particulates KW - Water supplies KW - Clays KW - Ripening KW - Resuspended sediments KW - Slurries KW - Pilot Plants KW - Suspension KW - Clay KW - Oocysts KW - Surface area KW - Physicochemical properties KW - Kaolin KW - Adhesion KW - Cryptosporidium parvum KW - Water supply KW - Filters KW - Filtration KW - Cryptosporidium KW - adhesion KW - surface area KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - V 22300:Methods KW - SW 0810:General KW - K 03300:Methods KW - Q1 08101:General works KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms KW - ENA 04:Environmental Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20955158?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology%3A+Water+Supply&rft.atitle=Depressed+filtration+ripening+enhances+removal+of+Cryptosporidium+parvum&rft.au=Gitis%2C+V%3BHaught%2C+R+C%3BClark%2C+R+M%3BKrishnan%2C+E+Radha&rft.aulast=Gitis&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology%3A+Water+Supply&rft.issn=16069749&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Resuspended sediments; Filtration; Slurries; Kaolin; Adhesion; Water supply; Filters; Granules; Ripening; Oocysts; Surface water; Surface area; Water supplies; Clays; Clay; Physicochemical properties; adhesion; Particulates; surface area; Suspension; Physicochemical Properties; Cryptosporidium; Water Supply; Surface Water; Pilot Plants; Cryptosporidium parvum ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evolutionary and Ecological Effects of Multi-Generational Exposures to Anthropogenic Stressors AN - 20714576; 5355361 AB - Biological and ecological responses to stress are dictated by duration and frequency, as well as instantaneous magnitude. Conditional compensatory responses at the physiological and behavioral levels, referred to as 'acclimation', may mitigate effects on individuals experiencing brief or infrequent periods of moderate stress. However, even modest stress over extended periods may reduce the fitness of some or all exposed individuals. In this way, specific stress that persists over multiple generations will increase probabilities for extinction of populations composed of sensitive individuals. For populations whose members demonstrate variance and heritability for stressor response, this selective loss of sensitive individuals may result in populations dominated by resistant individuals. The formation of these 'adapted' populations may be considered an ecological compensatory mechanism to multi-generational stress. Paradoxically, the biological costs to individuals of toxicity and physiological acclimation may result in obvious signs of stress in affected wildlife populations while the costs of genetic adaptation may be more covert. It is important to consider such costs because recent evidence suggests that anthropogenic stressors have acted as powerful selection agents that have modified the composition of wildlife populations subjected for successive generational exposures to specific stressors. This essay focuses on a case study where adaptation has been demonstrated in fish populations with a history of chronic exposure to persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic environmental contaminants. Because the magnitude, breadth and long-term outcomes of such changes are unknown, ecological risk assessments that are limited in focus to short-term exposures and consequences may seriously underestimate the ecological and evolutionary impacts of anthropogenic stressors. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Nacci, DE AU - Gleason, T R AU - Munns, WR Jr AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA, nacci.diane@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - Jan 2002 SP - 91 EP - 97 VL - 8 IS - 1 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - ecology KW - exposure KW - multi-generation studies KW - stressors KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Risk Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Historical account KW - Biological stress KW - Physiology KW - Man-induced effects KW - Ecological Effects KW - Freshwater fish KW - Risks KW - Duration KW - Environmental effects KW - extinction KW - anthropogenic factors KW - Wildlife KW - Environmental impact KW - Stress KW - Human Population KW - Toxicity KW - Water pollution KW - case studies KW - Acclimation KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Evolution KW - Q1 08345:Genetics and evolution KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - R2 23050:Environment KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20714576?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Evolutionary+and+Ecological+Effects+of+Multi-Generational+Exposures+to+Anthropogenic+Stressors&rft.au=Nacci%2C+DE%3BGleason%2C+T+R%3BMunns%2C+WR+Jr&rft.aulast=Nacci&rft.aufirst=DE&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological stress; Acclimation; Bioaccumulation; Duration; Environmental effects; Environmental impact; Man-induced effects; Toxicity; Freshwater fish; Risks; Water pollution; Evolution; Stress; case studies; Risk assessment; Historical account; anthropogenic factors; Physiology; Wildlife; extinction; Water Pollution Effects; Human Population; Ecological Effects ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temporal and Spatial Trends in Persistent Organic Pollutants AN - 20257023; 8803486 AB - Goal and Scope. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) enter the natural environment via a multitude of pathways. The ubiquitous dioxins and furans (PCDD/Fs) are inadvertently formed during chemical and thermal processes, enter the food chain, and bioconcentrate in human tissues. Residues of chlorinated pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) persist in the food chain and in human tissues, long after their use has been discontinued. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), recently introduced as flame retardants, show increasing trends in biota. Common features of all these chemical classes are their environmental persistence, their lipo-philicity and their bioconcentration potential. Human milk, serum, and adipose tissues have been used successfully to monitor body burdens of organohalogen chemicals, and surveys of targeted populations with consistent protocols have enabled researchers to examine trends and to compare groups. Downward trends in dioxin body burdens have been shown in Sweden, The Netherlands, and Germany as being consistent with control measures, while upward trends in PBDEs were shown in Sweden, reflecting the introduction of these new industrial chemicals. Here, we present the first systematically collected data on persistent halogenated contaminants from California, USA. JF - Environmental Science and Pollution Research International AU - Xenaki-Petreas, M AD - Hazardous Materials Laboratory, Department of Toxic Substances Control, Cal/EPA, 2151 Berkeley Way, Berkeley CA 94704, USA, mpetreas@dtsc.ca.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 103 EP - 104 VL - 9 SN - 0944-1344, 0944-1344 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Food chains KW - Breast milk KW - adipose tissues KW - Dioxins KW - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers KW - spatial distribution KW - Biota KW - body burden KW - USA, California KW - Netherlands KW - PCB compounds KW - PCDD KW - Residues KW - persistent organic pollutants KW - Furans KW - polybrominated diphenyl ethers KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Pesticides KW - Fire retardants KW - Germany KW - Sweden KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20257023?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+and+Pollution+Research+International&rft.atitle=Temporal+and+Spatial+Trends+in+Persistent+Organic+Pollutants&rft.au=Xenaki-Petreas%2C+M&rft.aulast=Xenaki-Petreas&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+and+Pollution+Research+International&rft.issn=09441344&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Food chains; Residues; persistent organic pollutants; adipose tissues; Breast milk; Furans; Dioxins; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers; spatial distribution; Biota; polybrominated diphenyl ethers; Bioaccumulation; Pesticides; body burden; Fire retardants; PCB compounds; PCDD; USA, California; Netherlands; Germany; Sweden ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of Transformation Rates of Chiral Pesticides and PCBs in Soil and Sediment Microcosms AN - 20240092; 8803570 AB - Goal and Scope. Risk Based Corrective Action (RBCA) has gained widespread acceptance as a favorable approach to remediating contaminated sites. The use of RBCA methods often requires computer-based modeling to assess the fate and transport of hazardous contaminants in subsurface environments, and accurate modeling results require input of realistic transformation rates of the contaminants of concern. Unfortunately, relatively few microbial transformation rate studies have been conducted using natural soils or sediments, and have instead focused more on degradation of contaminants by pure microbial cultures. The purpose of our research was to compare degradation rates of selected pesticides and PCBs under different natural environmental conditions where the indigenous microbial population controlled degradation. Chiral contaminants were examined in this study to gain a better understanding of enantioselective transformation reactions. JF - Environmental Science and Pollution Research International AU - O'Niell, W L AU - Jones, W J AU - Whittemore, AD AU - Avants, J K AD - National Research Council, Athens, GA, 30605, USA, oniell.walter@epa.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 238 EP - 239 VL - 9 SN - 0944-1344, 0944-1344 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts KW - Transformation KW - Degradation KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Soil KW - Microcosms KW - PCB compounds KW - PCB KW - Sediment pollution KW - Pollution research KW - Sediments KW - microcosms KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - Enantiomers KW - Pesticides KW - Contaminants KW - Environmental conditions KW - Pollution control KW - A 01380:Plant Protection, Fungicides & Seed Treatments KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - Q2 09264:Sediments and sedimentation KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20240092?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+and+Pollution+Research+International&rft.atitle=Determination+of+Transformation+Rates+of+Chiral+Pesticides+and+PCBs+in+Soil+and+Sediment+Microcosms&rft.au=O%27Niell%2C+W+L%3BJones%2C+W+J%3BWhittemore%2C+AD%3BAvants%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=O%27Niell&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=&rft.spage=238&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+and+Pollution+Research+International&rft.issn=09441344&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment pollution; Pollution dispersion; Pesticides; Microcosms; Environmental conditions; Sediments; PCB; Pollution control; Soil; Transformation; polychlorinated biphenyls; Enantiomers; Pollution research; Contaminants; microcosms; Degradation; PCB compounds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interactions of pathogens and irritant chemicals in land-applied sewage sludges (biosolids) AN - 20239886; 6057909 AB - Fertilisation of land with processed sewage sludges, which often contain low levels of pathogens, endotoxins, and trace amounts of industrial and household chemicals, has become common practice in Western Europe, the US, and Canada. Local governments, however, are increasingly restricting or banning the practice in response to residents reporting adverse health effects. These self-reported illnesses have not been studied and methods for assessing exposures of residential communities to contaminants from processed sewage sludges need to be developed. To describe and document adverse effects reported by residents, 48 individuals at ten sites in the US and Canada were questioned about their environmental exposures and symptoms. Information was obtained on five additional cases where an outbreak of staphylococcal infections occurred near a land application site in Robesonia, PA. Medical records were reviewed in cases involving hospitalisation or other medical treatment. Since most complaints were associated with airborne contaminants, an air dispersion model was used as a means for potentially ruling out exposure to sludge as the cause of adverse effects. Affected residents lived within approximately 1 km of land application sites and generally complained of irritation (e.g., skin rashes and burning of the eyes, throat, and lungs) after exposure to winds blowing from treated fields. A prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus infections of the skin and respiratory tract was found. Approximately 1 in 4 of 54 individuals were infected, including 2 mortalities (septicaemia, pneumonia). This result was consistent with the prevalence of S. aureus infections accompanying diaper rashes in which the organism, which is commonly found in the lower human colon, tends to invade irritated or inflamed tissue. When assessing public health risks from applying sewage sludges in residential areas, potential interactions of chemical contaminants with low levels of pathogens should be considered. An increased risk of infection may occur when allergic and non-allergic reactions to endotoxins and other chemical components irritate skin and mucus membranes and thereby compromise normal barriers to infection. JF - BMC Public Health AU - Lewis, David L AU - Gattie, David K AU - Novak, Marc E AU - Sanchez, Susan AU - Pumphrey, Charles AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Athens, GA, USA, LewisDaveL@aol.com Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House 34-42 Cleveland Street London W1T 4LB UK, [mailto:info@biomedcentral.com], [URL:http://www.biomedcentral.com] VL - 2 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Pollution Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Endotoxins KW - Pharynx KW - Sewage sludge KW - Sludges KW - Europe KW - Mucus KW - Infection KW - Land application KW - Public health KW - Models KW - Exanthema KW - Hypersensitivity KW - Fertilization KW - Colon KW - infection KW - Diaper rash KW - Staphylococcus aureus KW - Wind KW - Respiratory tract KW - Mortality KW - Skin KW - medical records KW - Pathogens KW - Irritation KW - Inflammation KW - USA KW - Canada KW - Sewage KW - Lung KW - Reviews KW - biosolids KW - Outbreaks KW - Burning KW - Contaminants KW - Pneumonia KW - Side effects KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - J 02400:Human Diseases KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20239886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Public+Health&rft.atitle=Interactions+of+pathogens+and+irritant+chemicals+in+land-applied+sewage+sludges+%28biosolids%29&rft.au=Lewis%2C+David+L%3BGattie%2C+David+K%3BNovak%2C+Marc+E%3BSanchez%2C+Susan%3BPumphrey%2C+Charles&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Public+Health&rft.issn=1471-2458&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2458-2-11 L2 - http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1471-2458-2-11.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Endotoxins; Pharynx; Sludges; Mucus; Infection; Models; Public health; Exanthema; Fertilization; Hypersensitivity; Colon; Diaper rash; Wind; Respiratory tract; Mortality; Skin; medical records; Pathogens; Irritation; Inflammation; Sewage; Lung; Reviews; biosolids; Burning; Contaminants; Side effects; Pneumonia; Sewage sludge; infection; Outbreaks; Land application; Staphylococcus aureus; USA; Canada; Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-2-11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Forest ecosystem recovery in the southeast US: soil ecology as an essential component of ecosystem management AN - 19931910; 5313489 AB - The forestry industry in the southeastern United States relies upon soils that are highly eroded and depleted of their original organic matter and nutrient content. Pro-active land management can ensure continued and possibly increased production and revenue through the management and recovery of the soil resource. With an emphasis on loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) forests, this review integrates land-use history, pine ecology, silviculture, soil ecological research and the implications for forest management into a single discussion. Promoting soil recovery involves knowledge of ecosystem history and disturbance as well as nutrient cycling mechanisms, pools, fluxes and soil forming factors. Research on the rhizosphere is an area that is needed. Recovery of regional soils may confer benefits of drought and disease resistance. The goal of sustainable forestry is compatible with soil recovery; however, the technology and practices of modern forestry deserve thorough evaluation. Emphasis on the continued production of commodities, the agricultural model, is much different from managing for the functioning of healthy forest ecosystems. Many of the practices and outcomes of intensive forest management, including short rotations, harrowing, subsoiling, and burning or removal of logging slash, seem to be at odds with the goal of soil recovery. Best management practices that foster soil recovery include less intensive stand utilization and reduced soil disturbance. Stem-only harvest and longer rotations permit a recovery of soil biodiversity and an accrual of detritus and soil organic matter. Windrowing and similar techniques have dramatic and lasting effects on soil development. No-tillage agriculture as a model for pine plantations is discussed. JF - Forest Ecology and Management AU - Johnston, J M AU - Crossley, DA AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Ecosystems Research Division, 30605 Athens, GA USA Y1 - 2002/01/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jan 01 SP - 187 EP - 203 PB - Elsevier Science VL - 155 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-1127, 0378-1127 KW - Loblolly pine KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Human Population KW - Forest management KW - Silviculture KW - Nutrient content KW - Reviews KW - Organic matter KW - Pinus taeda KW - Ecosystem management KW - Soil conservation KW - USA, Southeast KW - Forest practices KW - Land use KW - M1 200:Human Population-Biosphere Interactions KW - D 04700:Management KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19931910?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.atitle=Forest+ecosystem+recovery+in+the+southeast+US%3A+soil+ecology+as+an+essential+component+of+ecosystem+management&rft.au=Johnston%2C+J+M%3BCrossley%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Johnston&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=155&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.issn=03781127&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nutrient content; Silviculture; Forest management; Organic matter; Reviews; Ecosystem management; Soil conservation; Forest practices; Land use; Pinus taeda; USA, Southeast ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhibition of sulfate-reducing bacteria by metal sulfide formation in bioremediation of acid mine drainage AN - 19928827; 5432081 AB - Acid mine drainage (AMD) containing high concentrations of sulfate and heavy metal ions can be treated by biological sulfate reduction. It has been reported that the effect of heavy metals on sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) can be stimulatory at lower concentrations and toxic/inhibitory at higher concentrations. The quantification of the toxic/inhibitory effect of dissolved heavy metals is critical for the design and operation of an effective AMD bioremediation process. Serum bottle and batch reactor studies on metal toxicity to SRB indicate that insoluble metal sulfides can inhibit the SRB activity as well. The mechanism of inhibition is postulated to be external to the bacterial cell. The experimental data indicate that the metal sulfides formed due to the reaction between the dissolved metal and biogenic sulfide act as barriers preventing the access of the reactants (sulfate, organic matter) to the necessary enzymes. Scanning electron micrographs of the SRB cultures exposed to copper and zinc provide supporting evidence for this hypothesis. The SRB cultures retained their ability to effect sulfate reduction indicating that the metal sulfides were not lethally toxic to the SRB. This phenomenon of metal sulfide inhibition of the SRB has to be taken into account while designing a sulfate-reducing bioreator, and subsequently an efficient biotreatment strategy for AMD. Any metal sulfide formed in the bioreactor needs to be removed immediately from the system to maintain the efficiency of the process of sulfate reduction. JF - Environmental Toxicology AU - Utgikar, V P AU - Harmon, S M AU - Chaudhary, N AU - Tabak, H H AU - Govind, R AU - Haines, J R AD - National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 W. Martin Luther King, Jr., Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA, tabak.henry@epa.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 40 EP - 48 VL - 17 IS - 1 SN - 1520-4081, 1520-4081 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Pollution Abstracts KW - Acid Mine Drainage KW - Sulfide KW - Bioremediation KW - Chemical Reduction KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - A 01016:Microbial degradation KW - X 24360:Metals KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 210:Bioremediation, Bioreactors & BioCycling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19928827?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Inhibition+of+sulfate-reducing+bacteria+by+metal+sulfide+formation+in+bioremediation+of+acid+mine+drainage&rft.au=Utgikar%2C+V+P%3BHarmon%2C+S+M%3BChaudhary%2C+N%3BTabak%2C+H+H%3BGovind%2C+R%3BHaines%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Utgikar&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=40&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology&rft.issn=15204081&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Ftox.10031 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sulfide; Bioremediation; Chemical Reduction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tox.10031 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Place-Based Decision Support Systems: A Bridge Between Democracy and Sustainability AN - 19927777; 5417073 AB - The management of places -- whether National Parks and Forests, cities and towns, or small communities and watersheds -- is becoming more complicated and more contentious. There is an increase in concern with both the aesthetic and functional aspects of our environments, more people are living in or utilizing any one place, and the demand to participate in decisions is growing. We want our places to retain those features that we value (many of them environmental), while improving in other, mostly social and economic ways. At the same time, access to the scientific data, information, expertise, and analytical tools that should help us plan for sustainable development has grown enormously. Yet, there is still considerable frustration in the search for science-based, participatory decision making. Two reasons for this frustration are the different perspectives of science and decision-making (whether by elected leaders or stakeholders), and the quantity of information available. It is suggested that the emerging technology of place-based decision support systems has the potential to help with both. JF - Human Ecology Review AU - Gunther, T AD - Senior Policy Advisor, Office of Water and Science, U.S. Department of the Interior Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 64 EP - 66 VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 1074-4827, 1074-4827 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Human Population KW - Decision making KW - Socio-economic aspects KW - National parks KW - Forests KW - Sustainable development KW - Environment management KW - M1 320:Environmental & Natural Resource Development KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19927777?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+Ecology+Review&rft.atitle=Place-Based+Decision+Support+Systems%3A+A+Bridge+Between+Democracy+and+Sustainability&rft.au=Gunther%2C+T&rft.aulast=Gunther&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=64&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+Ecology+Review&rft.issn=10744827&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Socio-economic aspects; Decision making; National parks; Sustainable development; Forests; Environment management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Extrapolation in Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessments: Proceedings of a Symposium AN - 19919953; 5355353 AB - A symposium was conducted in April 1998 by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory (NHEERL) to explore issues of extrapolation in human health and ecological risk assessments. Over the course of three and one half days, leading health and ecology experts presented and discussed research methods and approaches for extrapolating data among taxa and across levels of biological organization, through time, and across spatial scales. The intended result of this symposium was enhanced interaction among a diverse array of scientists, policymakers, and risk assessors to promote identification of approaches for reducing the uncertainties of extrapolation in risk assessment. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Munns, WR Jr AU - MacPhail, R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA, munns.wayne@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - Jan 2002 SP - 1 EP - 5 VL - 8 IS - 1 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - ecology KW - extrapolation KW - man KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Human Population; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - USA KW - Ecosystems KW - Conferences KW - Health KW - Population-environment relations KW - Public health KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M1 300:Public Health and Risk Factors KW - X 24270:Proceedings UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19919953?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Extrapolation+in+Human+Health+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessments%3A+Proceedings+of+a+Symposium&rft.au=Munns%2C+WR+Jr%3BMacPhail%2C+R&rft.aulast=Munns&rft.aufirst=WR&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Conferences; Ecosystems; Health; Population-environment relations; Public health; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in anthropogenic impervious surfaces, precipitation and daily streamflow discharge: a historical perspective in a Mid-Atlantic subwatershed AN - 18907616; 5556649 AB - Aerial photography provides a historical vehicle for determining long-term urban landscape change and, with concurrent daily streamflow and precipitation records, allows the historical relationship of anthropogenic impervious surfaces and streamflow to be explored. Anthropogenic impervious surface area in the upper Accotink Creek subwatershed (near Annandale, Virginia, USA) was mapped from six dates of rectified historical aerial photography ranging from 1949 to 1994. Results show that anthropogenic impervious surface area has grown from approximately 3% in 1949 to 33% in 1994. Coincident to this period, analysis of historical mean daily streamflow shows a statistically significant increase in the streamflow discharge response (per meter of precipitation) associated with "normal" and "extreme" daily precipitation levels. Significant changes were also observed in the frequency of daily streamflow discharge at given volumes above and below the historical daily mean. Simultaneously, the historical magnitude, frequency and pattern of precipitation values greater than or equal to 0 mm, greater than or equal to 6.0 mm and greater than or equal to 35.0 mm show either no statistically significant change or influence on streamflow. Historical changes in streamflow in this basin appear to be related to increases in anthropogenic impervious surface cover. Historical aerial photography is a viable tool for revealing long-term landscape and ecosystem relationships, and allows landscape investigations to extend beyond the temporal and spatial constraints of historical satellite remote sensing data. JF - Landscape Ecology AU - Jennings, D B AU - Jarnagin, ST AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr., Reston, VA 20192, USA, jennings.david@epa.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 471 EP - 489 VL - 17 IS - 5 SN - 0921-2973, 0921-2973 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04695:Urban environments KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - M2 556.16:Runoff (556.16) KW - M2 551.577:General Precipitation (551.577) KW - Q2 02171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18907616?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Landscape+Ecology&rft.atitle=Changes+in+anthropogenic+impervious+surfaces%2C+precipitation+and+daily+streamflow+discharge%3A+a+historical+perspective+in+a+Mid-Atlantic+subwatershed&rft.au=Jennings%2C+D+B%3BJarnagin%2C+ST&rft.aulast=Jennings&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=471&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Landscape+Ecology&rft.issn=09212973&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Can We Protect Everybody from Drinking Water Contaminants? AN - 18871188; 5717433 AB - Dozens of chemicals, both natural and manmade, are often found in drinking water. Some, such as the natural contaminants uranium and arsenic, are well-known toxicants with a large toxicology database. Other chemicals, such as methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE) from leaking fuel tanks, we learn about as we go along. For still others, such as the alkyl benzenes, there are very little available data, and few prospects of obtaining more. In some cases, chemicals are purposely added to drinking water for beneficial purposes (e.g., chlorine, fluoride, alum), which may cause a countervailing hazard. Removing all potentially toxic chemicals from the water is virtually impossible and is precluded for beneficial uses and for economic reasons. Determination of safe levels of chemicals in drinking water merges the available toxicity data with exposure and human effect assumptions into detailed hazard assessments. This process should incorporate as much conservatism as is needed to allow for uncertainty in the toxicity and exposure estimates. Possible sensitive subpopulations such as unborn children, infants, the elderly, and those with common diseases such as impaired kidney function must also be considered. However, the range of sensitivity and the variability of toxicity and exposure parameters can never be fully documented. In addition, the validity of the low-dose extrapolations, and whether the toxic effect found in animals occurs at all in humans, is never clear. This publication discusses how these competing needs and uncertainties intersect in the development of Public Health Goals for uranium, fluoride, arsenic, perchlorate, and other highly debated chemicals. JF - International Journal of Toxicology AU - Howd, R A AD - Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, 1515 Clay Street, 16th floor, Oakland, CA 94612, USA, bhowd@oehha.ca.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 389 EP - 395 VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 1091-5818, 1091-5818 KW - man KW - perchlorate KW - protection KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Arsenic KW - Contamination KW - Toxicants KW - Toxicity KW - Xenobiotics KW - Public health KW - Fluoride KW - Uranium KW - Perchloric acid KW - Drinking water KW - Contaminants KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants KW - H 14000:Toxicology KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18871188?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Can+We+Protect+Everybody+from+Drinking+Water+Contaminants%3F&rft.au=Howd%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Howd&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=389&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=10915818&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F10915810290096603 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Xenobiotics; Perchloric acid; Contaminants; Drinking water; Public health; Chemicals; Arsenic; Toxicants; Contamination; Fluoride; Uranium; Toxicity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10915810290096603 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Histopathological Evidence of Regeneration following Hepatotoxic Effects of the Cyanotoxin Microcystin-LR in the Hardhead Catfish and Gulf Killifish AN - 18706700; 5597652 AB - The cyanobacterial toxin microcystin-LR (MC-LR) causes liver damage in several freshwater fish species. In the present study, two estuarine species, hardhead catfish Arius felis and gulf killifish Fundulus grandis, were injected intraperitoneally with MC-LR at 45-300 mu g/kg and their livers examined histopathologically for up to 23 d postinjection (PI) in the catfish and 5 d PI in the killifish. The livers from both species exhibited extensive, diffuse hepatocellular necrosis by 6 h PI. The necrosis persisted, and by day 2 large numbers of basophilic cells had emerged throughout the liver parenchyma. These cells occurred individually or in small clusters. By 72 h, the basophilic cells appeared to be highly proliferative with numerous mitotic figures and were arranged in cords and tubules similar to mature hepatic parenchyma. Regeneration of the liver parenchyma was noted in gulf killifish at 5 d PI, as tracts of basophilic cells were still evident. In hardhead catfish, there were no signs of necrosis or proliferating basophilic cells by 9 d PI, and the hepatic parenchyma appeared normal except for the vacuolation of many hepatocytes and some areas of hepatic megalocytosis. The degenerative changes in the two species studied were similar to but more pronounced than those observed in freshwater fish species exposed to MC-LR. Evidence of regeneration from the hepatotoxic effects of MC-LR suggests that the toxin can be used to study regenerative processes in fish livers. JF - Journal of Aquatic Animal Health AU - Fournie, J W AU - Courtney, LA AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561, USA Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 273 EP - 280 VL - 14 IS - 4 SN - 0899-7659, 0899-7659 KW - Gulf killifish KW - Hardhead catfish KW - microcystins KW - Oceanic Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Injuries KW - Biological poisons KW - Test organisms KW - Brackish KW - Histopathology KW - Fundulus grandis KW - Toxins KW - Regeneration KW - Liver KW - Microcystin-LR KW - Arius felis KW - Cyanophyta KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - X 24172:Plants KW - Q1 08346:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18706700?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Aquatic+Animal+Health&rft.atitle=Histopathological+Evidence+of+Regeneration+following+Hepatotoxic+Effects+of+the+Cyanotoxin+Microcystin-LR+in+the+Hardhead+Catfish+and+Gulf+Killifish&rft.au=Fournie%2C+J+W%3BCourtney%2C+LA&rft.aulast=Fournie&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=273&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Aquatic+Animal+Health&rft.issn=08997659&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Injuries; Biological poisons; Test organisms; Regeneration; Liver; Histopathology; Microcystin-LR; Toxins; Fundulus grandis; Arius felis; Cyanophyta; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - NTP Center for the Evaluation of Risks to Human Reproduction: Phthalates expert panel report on the reproductive and developmental toxicity of butyl benzyl phthalate AN - 18648001; 5549491 JF - Reproductive Toxicology AU - Kavlock, R AU - Boekelheide, K AU - Chapin, R AU - Cunningham, M AU - Faustman, E AU - Foster, P AU - Golub, M AU - Henderson, R AU - Hinberg, I AU - Little, R AU - Seed, J AU - Shea, K AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, USEPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA, jmoore@sciences.com Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 453 EP - 487 VL - 16 IS - 5 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - butyl benzylphthalate KW - man KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24250:Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18648001?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.atitle=NTP+Center+for+the+Evaluation+of+Risks+to+Human+Reproduction%3A+Phthalates+expert+panel+report+on+the+reproductive+and+developmental+toxicity+of+butyl+benzyl+phthalate&rft.au=Kavlock%2C+R%3BBoekelheide%2C+K%3BChapin%2C+R%3BCunningham%2C+M%3BFaustman%2C+E%3BFoster%2C+P%3BGolub%2C+M%3BHenderson%2C+R%3BHinberg%2C+I%3BLittle%2C+R%3BSeed%2C+J%3BShea%2C+K&rft.aulast=Kavlock&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=453&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Challenges in EPA's coastal and ocean programs. AN - 18639585; 5549043 AB - While the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is faced with a broad array of environmental issues, it is abundantly clear that protection of ocean and coastal resources is of great importance, because these resources are both invaluable and at risk. U.S. ocean and coastal habitats support some of the most valuable and diverse biological resources on the planet. These habitats support 66 percent of all U.S. commercial and recreational fish and shellfish and 45 percent of all protected species such as turtles and marine mammals. They also include 17,000 square kilometers of coral reefs. In addition, one out of every six jobs in the U.S. is marine-related, with $40 billion in food products taken from U.S. ocean waters annually and 180 million people visiting U.S. coasts each year, generating $600 billion in annual revenue. These invaluable resources are at risk from a range of pollution threats including those that necessitate the issuance of fish advisories for 60 percent of U.S. coastal waters, those that put at risk the health of 60 percent of the world's coral reefs and the total destruction of 10 percent of those reefs and those that necessitate the issuance of annual warnings about or closing of 40 percent of surveyed beaches. Pollution has also created the Gulf of Mexico's hypoxic zone, which covers 6,000 to 7,000 square miles. This is the largest zone of anthropogenic coastal hypoxia in the Western Hemisphere. This article briefly reviews some of EPA's ocean and coastal actions over the past year and highlights the issues at the forefront of efforts in the future. JF - Sea Technology AU - Schwartz, SE AD - Ocean and Coastal Protection Division, Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC USA Y1 - 2002///0, PY - 2002 DA - 0, 2002 SP - 33 EP - 37 VL - 43 IS - 3 SN - 0093-3651, 0093-3651 KW - Environmental Protection Agency KW - monitoring KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Marine KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Brackish KW - Coastal zone management KW - USA KW - Coastal zone KW - Marine resources KW - Marine pollution KW - Marine environment KW - Fisheries KW - Economics KW - Legislation KW - Pollution control KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control KW - Q1 08121:Law, policy, economics and social sciences KW - Q2 09124:Coastal zone management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18639585?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Community+%26+Applied+Social+Psychology&rft.atitle=The+%27Armistead%27+Project%3A+An+Exploration+of+Gay+Men%2C+Sexual+Practices%2C+Community+Health+Promotion+and+Issues+of+Empowerment&rft.au=Crossley%2C+Michele+L&rft.aulast=Crossley&rft.aufirst=Michele&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Community+%26+Applied+Social+Psychology&rft.issn=10529284&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine resources; Coastal zone; Marine pollution; Marine environment; Economics; Fisheries; Anthropogenic factors; Legislation; Coastal zone management; Pollution control; USA; Brackish; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - NTP Center for the Evaluation of Risks to Human Reproduction: Phthalates expert panel report on the reproductive and developmental toxicity of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate AN - 18637442; 5549493 JF - Reproductive Toxicology AU - Kavlock, R AU - Boekelheide, K AU - Chapin, R AU - Cunningham, M AU - Faustman, E AU - Foster, P AU - Golub, M AU - Henderson, R AU - Hinberg, I AU - Little, R AU - Seed, J AU - Shea, K AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, USEPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA, jmoore@sciences.com Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 529 EP - 653 VL - 16 IS - 5 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate KW - man KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - H 14000:Toxicology KW - X 24250:Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18637442?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.atitle=NTP+Center+for+the+Evaluation+of+Risks+to+Human+Reproduction%3A+Phthalates+expert+panel+report+on+the+reproductive+and+developmental+toxicity+of+di%282-ethylhexyl%29+phthalate&rft.au=Kavlock%2C+R%3BBoekelheide%2C+K%3BChapin%2C+R%3BCunningham%2C+M%3BFaustman%2C+E%3BFoster%2C+P%3BGolub%2C+M%3BHenderson%2C+R%3BHinberg%2C+I%3BLittle%2C+R%3BSeed%2C+J%3BShea%2C+K&rft.aulast=Kavlock&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=529&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monthly and annual bias in weekly (NADP/NTN) versus daily (AIRMoN) precipitation chemistry data in the Eastern USA AN - 18619803; 5525597 AB - Previous comparisons of the data from the National Atmospheric Deposition Program, National Trends Network (NTN) against collocated event sampled data and daily sampled data suggest a substantial bias in the concentration of ammonium [NH sub(4) super(+)] and concentrations of several base cations, while the comparability of other ion concentrations ranges among the studies. Eight years of collocated data from five NTN and Atmospheric Integrated Research and Monitoring Network (AIRMoN) sites are compared here. Unlike previous analyses, the data from these two data sets were analyzed in the same laboratory using the same analytical methods; therefore, factors that influence concentration differences can be isolated to sampling frequency and sample preservation techniques. For comparison, the relative biases for these data have been calculated using both median value and volume-weighted mean concentrations, following two different approaches in the literature. The results suggest a relative bias of about 10% in [NH sub(4) super(+)] (NTN less than AIRMoN), which is smaller than previous estimates that included the influence of inter-laboratory comparisons. The annual relative bias of [H super(+)] increases over the analysis period, which results in a larger total relative bias for [H super(+)] than found in a previous analysis of AIRMoN and NTN data. When comparing NTN and AIRMoN data on monthly time scales, strong seasonal variations are evident in the relative bias for [H super(+)], [NH sub(4) super(+)], and [SO sub(4) super(2-)]. Large biases in [SO sub(4) super(2-)] (NTN greater than AIRMoN) on monthly times scales have not been detected in previous analyses where data for all seasons were considered together. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Gilliland, AB AU - Butler, T J AU - Likens, GE AD - USEPA Office of Research and Development, NERL/AMD/MSAB, Mail Drop E243-04, RTP, NC 27711, USA, alice.gilliland@noaa.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 5197 EP - 5206 VL - 36 IS - 33 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Ammonium in precipitation KW - Precipitation composition trends KW - USA, East KW - Ion concentration variations KW - Precipitation chemistry KW - Seasonal variations KW - M2 551.577.13:Chemical properties of precipitation. Acid precipitation (551.577.13) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18619803?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Monthly+and+annual+bias+in+weekly+%28NADP%2FNTN%29+versus+daily+%28AIRMoN%29+precipitation+chemistry+data+in+the+Eastern+USA&rft.au=Gilliland%2C+AB%3BButler%2C+T+J%3BLikens%2C+GE&rft.aulast=Gilliland&rft.aufirst=AB&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=33&rft.spage=5197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ammonium in precipitation; Precipitation composition trends; Ion concentration variations; Seasonal variations; Precipitation chemistry; USA, East ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-term consequences of developmental exposure to lead or polychlorinated biphenyls: Synaptic transmission and plasticity in the rodent CNS AN - 18614307; 5523907 AB - Exposure to lead (Pb) or polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) during early development has been associated with deficits in cognitive function in children (Pediatrics 87 (1991) 219; N. Engl. J. Med. 335 (1996) 783). These effects persist in the child long after exposure has ceased and body burdens have diminished. Despite intensive research, no consensus on the mechanisms of neurotoxicity of these chemicals has resulted. As the primary neurotoxic action of these agents is to impair cognitive ability, a number of laboratories have examined and reported on the detrimental the effects of Pb or PCBs on hippocampal synaptic transmission and long-term potentiation (LTP) in animals exposed during the perinatal period. Use-dependent synaptic plasticity, of which hippocampal LTP is the primary model system, is a fundamental property of neuronal function. In forebrain structures such as amygdala and hippocampus, LTP and related processes are purported to represent a physiological substrate for memory. During brain ontogeny, this type of plasticity guides the establishment and maintenance of synaptic connections in cortical structures based on sensory input. We postulate that the actions of PCBs and Pb in the developing nervous system perturb activity-dependent plasticity and promote organizational changes in brain. Aberrant connectivity derived from perturbations in activity-dependent plasticity during development may manifest as impaired LTP and cognitive ability in the adult organism. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology AU - Gilbert, ME AU - Lasley, S M AD - Neurotoxicology Division (MD 74B), National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, gilbert.mary@epa.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 105 EP - 117 VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 1382-6689, 1382-6689 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24162:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18614307?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Long-term+consequences+of+developmental+exposure+to+lead+or+polychlorinated+biphenyls%3A+Synaptic+transmission+and+plasticity+in+the+rodent+CNS&rft.au=Gilbert%2C+ME%3BLasley%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=ME&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Pharmacology&rft.issn=13826689&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Human and Animal Neurotoxicology from Exposure to Great Lakes Pollutants. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exposure Assessment to Dioxins from the Use of Tampons and Diapers AN - 18550680; 5515041 AB - Over the past several years there has been concern over exposure to dioxins through the use of tampons and other sanitary products. This article describes attempts to estimate dioxin exposures from tampons and infant diapers; we then compare exposure estimates to dietary dioxin exposures. We analyzed four brands of tampons and four brands of infant diapers obtained from commercial establishments in San Francisco, California, for dioxin concentrations. We estimated exposures to dioxins on the basis of a screening level analysis that assumed all dioxins present were completely absorbed. We also estimated exposures by using a more refined analysis that incorporates partition coefficients to estimate bioavailability. None of the products contained 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, the most potent dioxin, although other dioxins were present at detectable concentrations in all samples. We observed minimal differences in the concentrations of dioxins between 100% cotton and cotton/pulp products. The refined exposure analysis indicates that exposures to dioxins from tampons are approximately 13,000-240,000 times less than dietary exposures. The refined exposure analysis showed that exposure to dioxins from the diet is more than 30,000-2,200,000 times the exposure through diapers in nursing infants. Although dioxins are found in trace amounts in both cotton and pulp sanitary products, exposure to dioxins through tampons and diapers does not significantly contribute to dioxin exposures in the United States. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - DeVito, MJ AU - Schecter, A AD - U.S. EPA, NHEERL (MD-74), 86 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711 USA, devito.mike@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - Jan 2002 SP - 23 EP - 28 VL - 110 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - diapers KW - exposure KW - tampons KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - X 24140:Cosmetics, toiletries & household products KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18550680?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Promotion+Journal+of+Australia&rft.atitle=Well+Men%27s+Checkups+--+A+Program+of+the+East+Arnhem+Health+Promotion+Unit&rft.au=Smith%2C+Gregory%3BKing%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=1998-04-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Promotion+Journal+of+Australia&rft.issn=10361073&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Benthic microbial respiration in Appalachian Mountain, Piedmont, and Coastal Plains streams of the eastern USA. AN - 18540294; 5512413 AB - Benthic microbial respiration was measured in 214 streams in the Appalachian Mountain, Piedmont, and Coastal Plains regions of the eastern United States in summer 1997 and 1998. Respiration was measured as both O sub(2) consumption in sealed microcosms and as dehydrogenase activity (DHA) of the sediments contained within the microcosms. Benthic microbial respiration in streams of the eastern U.S., as O sub(2) consumption, was 0.37 plus or minus 0.03 mg O sub(2) m super(-2) day super(-1). Respiration as DHA averaged 1.21 plus or minus 0.08 mg O sub(2) m super(-2) day super(-1). No significant differences in O sub(2) consumption or DHA were found among geographical provinces or stream size classes, nor among catchment basins for O sub(2) consumption, but DHA was significantly higher in the other Atlantic (non-Chesapeake Bay) catchment basins. Canonical correlation analyses generated two environmental axes. The stronger canonical axis (W sub(1)) represented a chemical disturbance gradient that was negatively correlated with signatures of anthropogenic impacts (ANC, Cl super()-, pH, SO sub(4) super(2-)), and positively correlated with riparian canopy cover and stream water dissolved organic carbon concentration (DOC). A weaker canonical axis (W sub(2)) was positively correlated with pH, riparian zone agriculture, and stream depth, and negatively correlated with DOC and elevation of the stream. Oxygen consumption was significantly correlated with W sub(2) whereas DHA was significantly correlated with W sub(1). The strengths of the correlations of DHA with environmental variables, particularly those that are proven indicators of catchment disturbances and with the canonical axis, suggest that DHA is a more responsive measure of benthic microbial activity than is O sub(2) consumption. JF - Freshwater Biology AU - Hill, B H AU - Herlihy, A T AU - Kaufmann, PR AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 6201 Congdon Boulevard, Duluth, MN 55804 USA, hill.brian@epa.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 185 EP - 194 VL - 47 IS - 2 SN - 0046-5070, 0046-5070 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Freshwater KW - Q1 01206:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - Q5 01502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18540294?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Freshwater+Biology&rft.atitle=Benthic+microbial+respiration+in+Appalachian+Mountain%2C+Piedmont%2C+and+Coastal+Plains+streams+of+the+eastern+USA.&rft.au=Hill%2C+B+H%3BHerlihy%2C+A+T%3BKaufmann%2C+PR&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Freshwater+Biology&rft.issn=00465070&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Periods of vertebral column sensitivity to boric acid treatment in CD-1 mice in utero AN - 18507021; 5469366 AB - Boric acid (BA) has many uses as an industrial compound and is widely distributed in the environment. BA has been shown to produce rib agenesis, a rare effect in laboratory animals. This study was conducted to determine if there is a period of sensitivity to this unusual effect. BA (500 or 750 mg/kg) was administered p.o. to pregnant CD-1 mice once daily on gestational days (GDs) 6-10. A reduction of 13th rib length occurred at both dose levels. BA 400 mg/kg was also administered twice daily on GD 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 or on GDs 6-8. A significant decrease in average fetal weight was observed in all treatment groups. Significant increases in the incidence of cervical ribs/ossifications resulted from treatments on GD 7 and GDs 6-8. Rib agenesis occurred with treatment on GD 8 and GDs 6-8. Reduced rib length, a decreased incidence of supernumerary ribs (SNR), and an increased incidence of fused and/or branched ribs occurred when dams were treated GDs 6-8. Doses of 750 mg/kg given twice on day 8 produced significant increases in several thoracic skeletal anomalies. Further studies of pathogenesis are necessary to determine the earliest perturbations and the processes that are affected. The sensitivity of embryos to treatment on GD 8 to rib agenesis suggests that BA is affecting early processes such as gastrulation and presomitic mesoderm formation and patterning in this area. JF - Reproductive Toxicology AU - Cherrington, J W AU - Chernoff, N AD - U.S. EPA, NHEERL, RTD, DBB, RTP, Raleigh, NC 27711, USA, jana_cherrington@hotmail.com Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 237 EP - 243 VL - 16 IS - 3 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - mice KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18507021?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Periods+of+vertebral+column+sensitivity+to+boric+acid+treatment+in+CD-1+mice+in+utero&rft.au=Cherrington%2C+J+W%3BChernoff%2C+N&rft.aulast=Cherrington&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+%26+Social+Care+in+the+Community&rft.issn=09660410&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fhsc.12291 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Landscape patterns as habitat predictors: building and testing models for cavity-nesting birds in the Uinta Mountains of Utah, USA AN - 18504596; 5466662 AB - The ability to predict species occurrences quickly is often crucial for managers and conservation biologists with limited time and funds. We used measured associations with landscape patterns to build accurate predictive habitat models that were quickly and easily applied (i.e., required no additional data collection in the field to make predictions). We used classification trees (a nonparametric alternative to discriminant function analysis, logistic regression, and other generalized linear models) to model nesting habitat of red-naped sapsuckers (Sphyrapicus nuchalis), northern flickers (Colaptes auratus), tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor), and mountain chickadees (Parus gambeli) in the Uinta Mountains of northeastern Utah, USA. We then tested the predictive capability of the models with independent data collected in the field the following year. The models built for the northern flicker, red-naped sapsucker, and tree swallow were relatively accurate (84%, 80%, and 75% nests correctly classified, respectively) compared to the models for the mountain chickadee (50% nests correctly classified). All four models were more selective than a null model that predicted habitat based solely on a gross association with aspen forests. We conclude that associations with landscape patterns can be used to build relatively accurate, easy to use, predictive models for some species. Our results stress, however, that both selecting the proper scale at which to assess landscape associations and empirically testing the models derived from those associations are crucial for building useful predictive models. JF - Landscape Ecology AU - Lawler, J J AU - Edwards, TC Jr AD - Department of Fisheries and Wildlife and The Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-5210, USA, lawler.joshua@epa.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 233 EP - 245 VL - 17 IS - 3 SN - 0921-2973, 0921-2973 KW - Perching birds KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04671:Birds UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18504596?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Landscape+Ecology&rft.atitle=Landscape+patterns+as+habitat+predictors%3A+building+and+testing+models+for+cavity-nesting+birds+in+the+Uinta+Mountains+of+Utah%2C+USA&rft.au=Lawler%2C+J+J%3BEdwards%2C+TC+Jr&rft.aulast=Lawler&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Landscape+Ecology&rft.issn=09212973&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dietary Folate Deficiency Enhances Induction of Micronuclei by Arsenic in Mice AN - 18484785; 5454065 AB - Folate deficiency increases background levels of DNA damage and can enhance the genotoxicity of chemical agents. Arsenic, a known human carcinogen present in drinking water supplies around the world, induces chromosomal and DNA damage. The effect of dietary folate deficiency on arsenic genotoxicity was evaluated using a mouse peripheral blood micronucleus (MN) assay. In duplicate experiments, male C57BI/6J mice were fed folate-deficient or folate-sufficient diets for 7 weeks. During week 7, mice on each diet were given four consecutive daily doses of sodium arsenite (0, 2.5, 5, or 10 mg/kg) via oral gavage. Over the course of the study the folate-deficient diet produced an approximate 60% depletion of red blood cell folate. Folate deficiency by itself was associated with small but significant increases in MN in normochromatic erythrocytes (NCEs) and polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs). Arsenic exposure was associated with significant increases in MN-PCEs in both folate-deficient and folate-sufficient mice. MN-PCE frequencies at the 10 mg/kg dose of arsenic were increased 4.5-fold over vehicle control in folate-deficient mice and 2.1-fold over control in folate-sufficient mice. At the 5 and 10 mg/kg doses of arsenic, MN-PCE levels were significantly higher (1.3-fold and 2.4-fold, respectively) in folate-deficient mice compared to folate-sufficient mice. Very few MN from either control or treated animals in either experiment exhibited kinetochore immunostaining, suggesting that the MN were derived from chromosome breakage rather than from whole chromosome loss. These results indicate that folate deficiency enhances arsenic-induced clastogenesis at doses of 5 mg/kg and higher. JF - Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis AU - McDorman, E W AU - Collins, B W AU - Allen, J W AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Carcinogenesis Division (MD-68), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, allen.james@epa.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 71 EP - 77 VL - 40 IS - 1 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - deficiency KW - mice KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24165:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18484785?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Dietary+Folate+Deficiency+Enhances+Induction+of+Micronuclei+by+Arsenic+in+Mice&rft.au=McDorman%2C+E+W%3BCollins%2C+B+W%3BAllen%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=McDorman&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fem.10085 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/em.10085 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carcinogenicity of bromodichloromethane administered in drinking water to male F344/N rats and B6C3F sub(1) mice AN - 18474993; 5444704 AB - A life-time exposure study was conducted to assess the carcinogenicity of bromodichloromethane (BDCM) administered in the drinking water to male F344/N rats and B6C3F sub(1) mice. In mouse, the calculated mean daily BDCM concentrations (measured concentrations corrected for on-cage loss of chemical) were 0.06, 0.28 and 0.49 g/l. Time-weighted water consumption of 135, 97, and 89 ml/kg/day resulted in mean daily doses of 8.1, 27.2, and 43.4 mg BDCM/kg/day. No changes in feed consumption, final body weight, or survival were observed. Kidney weights were significantly depressed at 27.2 and 43.4 mg BDCM/kg/day. There was no increase in neoplasia in the liver, kidney, spleen, testis, bladder, sections along the alimentary tract, excised lesions, or at any other organ site. In rat, the corrected mean daily BDCM concentrations were 0.06, 0.33, and 0.62 g/l. Time-weighted water consumption of 65, 63, and 59 ml/kg/day yielded 3.9, 20.6 and 36.3 mg BDCM/kg/day. No alterations in feed consumption, body weight gain, and survival were seen. Kidney weight was significantly depressed in the 36.3-mg/kg/day treatment group. There was a significantly enhanced prevalence and multiplicity of hepatocellular adenomas at 3.9 mg BDCM/kg/day (15.5% and 0.16/animal vs. 2.2% and 0.02/animal for the control). Hepatocellular carcinomas increased from 2.2% and 0.02/animal for the control and 3.9 mg BDCM/kg/day to 8.3% and 0.10/animal at 20.6 mg BDCM/kg/day. The combined neoplasms were enhanced at 3.9 and 20.6 mg BDCM/kg/day. Liver neoplasia was depressed to the control value at 36.3 mg BDCM/kg. The prevalence of basophilic and clear cell, but not eosinophilic cells, altered foci of cells declined with increasing dose. BDCM did not increase cancer in the large bowel, renal tubules, or in any of the other tissues examined. Renal tubular hyperplasia was observed at 36.3 mg BDCM/kg (15.8% vs. 8.7% for the control group). Under the conditions of the study, BDCM in the drinking water was not carcinogenic in the male B6C3F sub(1) mouse, but was carcinogenic in the male F344/N rat based on an increased hepatocellular neoplasia. JF - International Journal of Toxicology AU - George, M H AU - Olson, G R AU - Doerfler, D AU - Moore, T AU - Kilburn, S AU - DeAngelo, AB AD - US EPA MD-68, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, deangelo.anthony@epa.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 219 EP - 230 VL - 21 IS - 3 SN - 1091-5818, 1091-5818 KW - bromodichloromethane KW - chronic exposure KW - mice KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18474993?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Carcinogenicity+of+bromodichloromethane+administered+in+drinking+water+to+male+F344%2FN+rats+and+B6C3F+sub%281%29+mice&rft.au=George%2C+M+H%3BOlson%2C+G+R%3BDoerfler%2C+D%3BMoore%2C+T%3BKilburn%2C+S%3BDeAngelo%2C+AB&rft.aulast=George&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=219&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=10915818&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Schedule-controlled behavior in rats exposed perinatally to the PCB mixture Aroclor 1254 AN - 18449876; 5428301 AB - Exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) has been shown to detrimentally affect learning and memory in children as well as schedule-controlled behavior in experimental animals. The objective of the present series of experiments was to extend research into the effects of PCBs on behavior maintained under both short (30 s) and long (5 min) fixed-interval (FI) schedules as well as an FI 3-min with reinforcement omission. Long-Evans rats were exposed to 0 or 6 mg/kg/day Aroclor 1254 (A1254) via oral gavage from Gestation Day 6 (GD 6) through Postnatal Day 21 (PND 21). At approximately PND 90, acquisition and steady-state performance were assessed under a series of FI reinforcement schedules consisting of FI 30-s, FI 5-min, and FI 3-min with 33% of the scheduled reinforcers omitted. Performance measures included index of curvature (IOC), response rate, and postreinforcement pause (PRP). There were no effects of A1254 on the acquisition of behavior under the FI 30-s schedule. Subsequently, there was an initial decrease in response rate and IOC and an increase in PRP following the transition from FI 30-s to the FI 5-min; there were, however, no treatment-related effects on any measure. During the reinforcement-omission procedure, there was an increase in the rate of responding and a decrease in IOC and PRP following omission intervals irrespective of treatment. These data are inconsistent with previous findings and suggest that perinatal A1254 exposure in the rat does not disrupt temporally organized behavior. JF - Neurotoxicology and Teratology AU - Taylor, M M AU - Crofton, K M AU - MacPhail, R C AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 511 EP - 518 VL - 24 IS - 4 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - rats KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure KW - N3 11139:Toxicological and psychoactive drug correlates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18449876?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.atitle=Schedule-controlled+behavior+in+rats+exposed+perinatally+to+the+PCB+mixture+Aroclor+1254&rft.au=Taylor%2C+M+M%3BCrofton%2C+K+M%3BMacPhail%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=511&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relative Role of Lake and Tributary in Hydrology of Lake Superior Coastal Wetlands AN - 18443324; 5420540 AB - Despite the documented importance of hydrodynamics in influencing the structure and function of Great Lakes coastal wetlands, systematic assessments of coastal wetland hydrology are lacking. This paper addresses this gap by describing patterns in lake and tributary inputs, water residence times, and mixing regimes for a suite of western Lake Superior wetlands that differ in the amount of tributary and seiche flow they receive. We show that variability in tributary flows among wetlands and over time is far greater than variability in seiche-driven water movements, and that the amount of tributary flow strongly influences wetland hydrology via effects on water mixing and residence times, seiche size, mouth closures, and relative amounts of main and off-channel areas. Wetland seiche amplitudes were reduced in systems with small mouth openings and wetland mouth size was correlated with tributary flow. All wetlands experienced seiche-driven water level oscillations, but there was lake water intrusion only into those wetlands where tributary outflow was small relative to the seiche-driven inflow. Wetlands in settings exposed to long-shore sediment transport exhibited periodic mouth closures when stream flows were low. The absolute and relative size of lake and tributary inputs must be explicitly considered in addition to wetland morphology and landscape setting in studies seeking to understand determinants of coastal wetland structure, function, and response to anthropogenic stressors. JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Trebitz, A S AU - Morrice, JA AU - Cotter, A M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, Minnesota 55804, USA, trebitz.anett@epa.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 212 EP - 227 VL - 28 IS - 2 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - North America, Superior L. KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - Q2 02171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18443324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Relative+Role+of+Lake+and+Tributary+in+Hydrology+of+Lake+Superior+Coastal+Wetlands&rft.au=Trebitz%2C+A+S%3BMorrice%2C+JA%3BCotter%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Trebitz&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=212&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Journal Includes a Special Section on: "Management of Double-Crested Cormorant In the Laurentian Great Lakes". N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of rapid DNA extraction methods for the quantitative detection of fungi using real-time PCR analysis AN - 18438146; 5422385 AB - Three comparatively rapid methods for the extraction of DNA from fungal conidia and yeast cells in environmental (air, water and dust) samples were evaluated for use in real-time PCR (TaqMan registered ) analyses. A simple bead milling method was developed to provide sensitive, accurate and precise quantification of target organisms in air and water (tap and surface) samples. However, quantitative analysis of dust samples required further purification of the extracted DNA by a streamlined silica adsorption procedure. JF - Journal of Microbiological Methods AU - Haugland, R A AU - Brinkman, N AU - Vesper, S J AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 W. M.L. King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA, haugland.rich@epa.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 319 EP - 323 PB - Elsevier Science VL - 50 IS - 3 SN - 0167-7012, 0167-7012 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - A 01117:Fungi UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18438146?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+rapid+DNA+extraction+methods+for+the+quantitative+detection+of+fungi+using+real-time+PCR+analysis&rft.au=Haugland%2C+R+A%3BBrinkman%2C+N%3BVesper%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Haugland&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.issn=01677012&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence that phosphorus limits phytoplankton growth in a Gulf of Mexico estuary: Pensacola Bay, Florida, USA AN - 18433926; 5416475 AB - Nutrient limitation bioassays were conducted on six dates from November 1998 to September 1999 at two sites, including oligohaline (Upper Bay) and mesohaline regions (Lower Bay), in Pensacola Bay, Florida. Phytoplankton growth responses (measured as changes in chlorophyll a concentration) to inorganic nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) additions were monitored for three days. The results showed that, in eight of twelve experiments, phytoplankton growth was stimulated by P additions in comparison with N-amended and un-amended treatments. Nitrogen additions alone did not stimulate growth over P additions in any experiment. The spatial patterns suggest that the potential for P limitation was similar in Upper and Lower Bays. The four experiments with statistically non-significant results were all conducted during winter and spring, suggesting a lower potential for nutrient limitation during the cooler months when nutrient demand (i.e., productivity) is typically low and nutrient supply (i.e., freshwater runoff) is typically high. This study adds to a small but growing literature suggesting that P limitation of phytoplankton growth may be relatively common in warm temperate estuarine systems such as those along the Gulf of Mexico coast. JF - Bulletin of Marine Science AU - Murrell, M C AU - Stanley, R S AU - Lores, E M AU - DiDonato, G T AU - Smith, L M AU - Flemer, DA AD - US EPA, NHEERL, Gulf Ecology Division, One Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA, murrell.michael@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - Jan 2002 SP - 155 EP - 167 VL - 70 IS - 1 SN - 0007-4977, 0007-4977 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Marine KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - K 03009:Algae KW - Q1 01422:Environmental effects KW - D 04627:Algae/lichens UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18433926?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Marine+Science&rft.atitle=Evidence+that+phosphorus+limits+phytoplankton+growth+in+a+Gulf+of+Mexico+estuary%3A+Pensacola+Bay%2C+Florida%2C+USA&rft.au=Murrell%2C+M+C%3BStanley%2C+R+S%3BLores%2C+E+M%3BDiDonato%2C+G+T%3BSmith%2C+L+M%3BFlemer%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Murrell&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Marine+Science&rft.issn=00074977&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Prenatal Testosterone Propionate on the Sexual Development of Male and Female Rats: A Dose-Response Study AN - 18423848; 5408019 AB - Testosterone plays a major role in male sexual development. Exposure of females to testosterone in utero can induce masculine characteristics such as anovulation, increased anogenital distance (AGD), absence of nipples, retention of male-like tissues, and agenesis of the lower vagina. In addition, high levels of androgens during fetal development can lead to toxic effects such as reduced litter size and viability. The study of the effects of testosterone administration during sexual differentiation provides a foundation for understanding the effects of environmental androgens on fetuses, a sensitive subpopulation. In the current study, we investigated the ability of a range of concentrations of testosterone propionate (TP) administered prenatally to masculinize female and alter male offspring, and measured maternal and fetal T levels. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were dosed by sc injection on gestational day (GD) 14-19 (GD 1= day of plug) with either corn oil (vehicle; 0.1 ml/rat) or with 0.1 ml of TP solution at 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, or 10 mg/0.1 ml. Parturition was delayed at 2, 5, and 10 mg TP, litter size was reduced at 5 and 10 mg TP, and pup weight was significantly reduced in both sexes at 0.5 mg TP and higher doses. Viability of offspring was unaffected at any dosage level. Androgenic effects seen at 0.5 mg TP in females included increased AGD at weaning and adulthood, reduced number of areolas and nipples, cleft phallus, small vaginal orifice, and presence of prostate tissue. This dose of TP elevated maternal T levels l0x but had no effect on fetal T levels. At 1 mg TP and above, female AGD on postnatal day (PND) 2 (or postcoital day 24 [gestation length = 22 one half ]) was increased; areolas and nipples were virtually eliminated; levator ani muscle, bulbourethral glands, and seminal vesicles (2 mg TP and above) were present; none of the females developed a vaginal orifice and many females in the 1 and 2 mg TP dose groups developed a greatly distended, fluidfilled uterus after puberty. Maternal T levels at 1 mg TP were elevated 30x, and female fetal T levels showed an 80% increase. Male offspring displayed a reduced AGD and body weight on PND 2 at 0.5 mg TP and higher doses. These effects were not evident by weaning and male offspring displayed no malformations. We conclude that gestational administration of 0.5 and 1 mg TP masculinizes female offspring without greatly affecting pup viability or pregnancy of the dam. This study provides a useful model for in utero testing of environmental androgens for their potential to induce developmental abnormalities. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Wolf, C J AU - Hotchkiss, A AU - Ostby, J S AU - LeBlanc, G A AU - Gray, LE Jr AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, Endocrinology Branch, MD 72, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 86 Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - Jan 2002 SP - 71 EP - 86 PB - Academic Press, Inc. VL - 65 IS - 1 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - dose-response effects KW - masculinization KW - rats KW - sexual differentiation KW - testosterone propionate KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18423848?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Prenatal+Testosterone+Propionate+on+the+Sexual+Development+of+Male+and+Female+Rats%3A+A+Dose-Response+Study&rft.au=Wolf%2C+C+J%3BHotchkiss%2C+A%3BOstby%2C+J+S%3BLeBlanc%2C+G+A%3BGray%2C+LE+Jr&rft.aulast=Wolf&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atmospheric concentrations of ammonia and ammonium at an agricultural site in the southeast United States AN - 18410951; 5401716 AB - In this study, we present similar to 1 yr (October 1998-September 1999) of 12-hour mean ammonia (NH sub(3)), ammonium (NH super(+) sub(4)), hydrochloric acid (HCl), chloride (Cl super(-)), nitrate (NO super(-) sub(3)), nitric acid (HNO sub(3)), nitrous acid (HONO), sulfate (SO super(2) sub(4) super(-)), and sulfur dioxide (SO sub(2)) concentrations measured at an agricultural site in North Carolina's Coastal Plain region. Mean gas concentrations were 0.46, 1.21, 0.54, 5.55, and 4.15 mu g m super(-3) for HCl, HNO sub(3), HONO, NH sub(3), and SO sub(2), respectively. Mean aerosol concentrations were 1.44, 1.23, 0.08, and 3.37 mu g m super(-3) for NH super(+) sub(4), NO super(-) sub(3), Cl super(-), and SO super(2) sub(4) super(-), respectively. Ammonia, NH super(+) sub(4), HNO sub(3), and SO super(2) sub(4) super(-) exhibit higher concentrations during the summer, while higher SO sub(2) concentrations occur during winter. A meteorology-based multivariate regression model using temperature, wind speed, and wind direction explains 76% of the variation in 12-hour mean NH sub(3) concentrations (n = 601). Ammonia concentration increases exponentially with temperature, which explains the majority of variation (54%) in 12-hour mean NH sub(3) concentrations. Dependence of NH sub(3) concentration on wind direction suggests a local source influence. Ammonia accounts for > 70% of NH sub(x) (NH sub(x) = NH sub(3) + NH super(+) sub(4)) during all seasons. Ammonium nitrate and sulfate aerosol formation does not appear to be NH sub(3) limited. Sulfate is primarily associated ammonium sulfate, rather than bisulfate, except during the winter when the ratio of NO super(-) sub(3)-NH super(+) sub(4) is similar to 0.66. The annual average NO super(-) sub(3)-NH super(+) sub(4) ratio is similar to 0.25. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Robarge, W P AU - Walker, J T AU - McCulloch, R B AU - Murray, G AD - Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, MD-63, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, walker.johnt@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 1661 EP - 1674 VL - 36 IS - 10 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18410951?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Atmospheric+concentrations+of+ammonia+and+ammonium+at+an+agricultural+site+in+the+southeast+United+States&rft.au=Robarge%2C+W+P%3BWalker%2C+J+T%3BMcCulloch%2C+R+B%3BMurray%2C+G&rft.aulast=Robarge&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1661&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - NADP 2000 - Ten Years After the Clean Air Act Amendments. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Foot Transfer of Lawn-Applied Pesticides from Turf to Carpet: Comparison of Semivolatile Chlorpyrifos with Nonvolatile Chlorothalonil AN - 18405786; 5390964 AB - Many homeowners use herbicides, insecticides and fungicides for turf grass treatment. These pesticides span a broad spectrum of chemical and physical properties, ranging from nonvolatile to semivolatile and somewhat water soluble to essentially insoluble. Residues of pesticides are found on lawns after direct applications or as a result of drift from applications to ornamentals, gardens, or perimeters of buildings. These residues dissipate by volatilization, transport to soil by rainfall or watering, photochemical and microbial degradation, and other mechanisms. The lifetimes of pesticide residues on turf are generally short relative to those on indoor surfaces. Rainfall, sunlight, volatilization, erosion, microbial degradation, and removal of grass clippings reduce or eliminate most residues in a matter of days or a few weeks. Post-emergence acid herbicides such as 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and dicamba (3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid) are typically applied in the form of amine salts, which have very low vapor pressures, but they have relatively high water solubilities and are rapidly depleted by irrigation or rainfall. Organophosphate insecticides, such as diazinon and chlorpyrifos (recently withdrawn from residential use), tend to vaporize rather quickly from treated turf grass. While pesticide formulations contain adjuvants to increase adhesion to the plant surface, some portion of the residues remaining on the leaves of the grass are dislodgeable and may be transferred to the skin or transported into the home on shoes, clothing and pets. Many of the pesticides identified in house dust and indoor air obviously have outdoor sources. The presence in house dust of pesticides such as 2,4-D, chlorothalonil, carbaryl and bendiocarb, which are typically used on the lawn or garden, suggest track-in of turf and soil residues. The study described here examined the temporal behaviors of dislodgeable turf residues of two pesticides that have been commonly used on lawns and estimated the extent to which they may be tracked into a home by normal foot traffic. This study is similar to an earlier study that evaluated track-in of 2,4-D and dicamba, and was carried out to compare dislodgeable turf residue levels and track-in rates for dissimilar pesticides, application methods, and application rates. The applicability of this test design, and comparison of chemical factors such as volatility and water solubility to significantly different pesticides were evaluated here with the insecticide chlorpyrifos in both emulsifiable concentrate (EC) spray and granular (G) applications and the fungicide chlorothalonil in an EC formulation. JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Nishioka, M G AU - Lewis, R G AU - Brinkman, M C AU - Burkholder, H M AD - U.S. EPA, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - Jan 2002 SP - 64 EP - 71 VL - 68 IS - 1 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - chlorothalonil KW - chlorpyrifos KW - exposure KW - lawns KW - man KW - Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - A 01110:Environmental KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18405786?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Foot+Transfer+of+Lawn-Applied+Pesticides+from+Turf+to+Carpet%3A+Comparison+of+Semivolatile+Chlorpyrifos+with+Nonvolatile+Chlorothalonil&rft.au=Nishioka%2C+M+G%3BLewis%2C+R+G%3BBrinkman%2C+M+C%3BBurkholder%2C+H+M&rft.aulast=Nishioka&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=64&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Responses of soil microbial biomass, nematode trophic groups, N-mineralization, and litter decomposition to disturbance events in the southern Appalachians AN - 18369067; 5342059 AB - Seasonal measurements of soil microbial biomass, nematode trophic groups, net N-mineralization, net nitrification, net ammonification, litter decomposition, and soil respiration rates were examined to assess the effects of rhododendron (Rhododendron maximum L.) removal and hurricane windthrow upon these factors. Comparisons of pre- and post-disturbance quantities of soil microbial biomass carbon ranged from 503 to 1080 mu g C g soil super(-1) and microbial biomass nitrogen ranged from 67 to 169 mu g total persulfate nitrogen g soil super(-1), showing no significant differences or trends in response to these disturbance events. Total nematode abundance ranged from 13.05 to 54.31 nematodes g soil super(-1) and showed no significant differences in response to these disturbance events, although overall nematode abundance was declining in the disturbed plots at the end of the study. Nematode trophic structure was fairly consistent across both sites and all sampling dates and exhibited no discernible trends in response to these disturbance events. Rates of net N-mineralization, nitrification, and ammonification exhibited greater variability, post-disturbance. Litter decomposition rates and soil respiration rates decreased following the disturbance events, with respiration rates in the Cut plot being significantly higher across years. Overall, the effects of these disturbance events upon soil properties were highly variable and were unrelated to the major increases in N loss that were detected from deeper soil horizons following the hurricane windthrow event. JF - Soil Biology and Biochemistry AU - Wright, C J AU - Coleman, D C AD - University of Georgia, Institute of Ecology, Ecology Annex, Athens, GA 30602, USA, wright.christina@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - Jan 2002 SP - 13 EP - 25 VL - 34 IS - 1 SN - 0038-0717, 0038-0717 KW - Nematodes KW - Rosebay rhododendron KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Ecology Abstracts KW - A 01047:General KW - D 04600:Soil UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18369067?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Biology+and+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Responses+of+soil+microbial+biomass%2C+nematode+trophic+groups%2C+N-mineralization%2C+and+litter+decomposition+to+disturbance+events+in+the+southern+Appalachians&rft.au=Wright%2C+C+J%3BColeman%2C+D+C&rft.aulast=Wright&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Biology+and+Biochemistry&rft.issn=00380717&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Axes of Extrapolation in Risk Assessment AN - 18311321; 5355355 AB - Extrapolation in risk assessment involves the use of data and information to estimate or predict something that has not been measured or observed. Reasons for extrapolation include that the number of combinations of environmental stressors and possible receptors is too large to characterize risks comprehensively, that direct characterization is sometimes impossible, and that the power to characterize risk in a particular situation can be enhanced by using information obtained in other similar situations. Three types of extrapolation are common in risk assessments: biological (including between taxa and across levels of biological organization), temporal, and spatial. They can be thought of conceptually as the axes of a 3-dimensional graph defining the state space of biological, temporal, and spatial scales within which extrapolations are made. Each of these types of extrapolation can introduce uncertainties into risk assessments. Such uncertainties may be reduced through synergistic research facilitated by the sharing of methods, models, and data used by human health and ecological scientists. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Munns, WR Jr AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA, munns.wayne@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - Jan 2002 SP - 19 EP - 29 VL - 8 IS - 1 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - extrapolation KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Synergism KW - Reviews KW - Toxicity testing KW - X 24250:Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18311321?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Axes+of+Extrapolation+in+Risk+Assessment&rft.au=Munns%2C+WR+Jr&rft.aulast=Munns&rft.aufirst=WR&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Toxicity testing; Synergism; Risk assessment; Reviews ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tissue Carboxylesterases and Chlorpyrifos Toxicity in the Developing Rat AN - 18305980; 5355360 AB - Young animals are more sensitive than adults to the neurotoxic effects of some organophosphorus insecticides. Many investigators attribute this difference in sensitivity to the immaturity of the detoxification capacity of preweanling rats. Chlorpyrifos [O, O-diethyl O-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl) phosphorothionate] is an organophosphorus insecticide that demonstrates considerable age-related sensitivity. The carboxylesterases are a group of related enzymes that detoxify organophosphorus insecticides by stoichiometrically binding these molecules before they can inhibit acetylcholinesterase. This study presents in vitro and in vivo evidence demonstrating that the carboxylesterases are critical for explaining the age-related sensitivity of chlorpyrifos. The data show that the fetal rat and the postnatal day 17 (PND17) rat pup have fewer molecules of carboxylesterase (less activity), less sensitive molecules of carboxylesterase, and a larger proportion of chlorpyrifos-insensitive molecules of carboxylesterase. An in vitro mixing experiment, using adult striatum as a source of acetylcholinesterase and liver homogenates as a source of carboxylesterase, demonstrates that the adult liver carboxylesterases are superior to the PND17 liver carboxylesterases for detoxifying chlorpyrifos. In the in vivo experiments the time course profiles of carboxylesterase and cholinesterase activity following a maximum tolerated dose of chlorpyrifos also suggest that the carboxylesterases of the PND17 rat were less capable of detoxifying chlorpyrifos. Carboxylesterase activity in the preweanling rat was not as severely inhibited as in the adult, but decrements in cholinesterase activity as a result of chlorpyrifos treatment were comparable. These in vitro and in vivo findings support the previously proffered postulate that the carboxylesterases are critical for determining the age-related sensitivity of chlorpyrifos. In addition, these detailed experiments allow us to propose that the detoxification potential of these enzymes is multifaceted, and depends on the (1) amount of activity (i.e., number of molecules), (2) affinity for the insecticide or metabolite, and (3) amount of carboxylesterase activity that is refractory to inhibition by the insecticide or metabolite. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Chanda, S M AU - Lassiter, T L AU - Moser, V C AU - Barone, S Jr AU - Padilla, S AD - Neurotoxicology Division (MD-74B), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, padilla.stephanie@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - Jan 2002 SP - 75 EP - 90 VL - 8 IS - 1 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - Tissues KW - Age KW - Organophosphorus compounds KW - Insecticides KW - Animal models KW - Carboxylesterase KW - Neonates KW - X 24132:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18305980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Tissue+Carboxylesterases+and+Chlorpyrifos+Toxicity+in+the+Developing+Rat&rft.au=Chanda%2C+S+M%3BLassiter%2C+T+L%3BMoser%2C+V+C%3BBarone%2C+S+Jr%3BPadilla%2C+S&rft.aulast=Chanda&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Insecticides; Organophosphorus compounds; Carboxylesterase; Chlorpyrifos; Animal models; Age; Neonates; Tissues ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Incorporating concentration dependence in stable isotope mixing models AN - 18239612; 5302144 AB - Stable isotopes are often used as natural labels to quantify the contributions of multiple sources to a mixture. For example, C and N isotopic signatures can be used to determine the fraction of three food sources in a consumer's diet. The standard dual isotope, three source linear mixing model assumes that the proportional contribution of a source to a mixture is the same for both elements (e.g., C, N). This may be a reasonable assumption if the concentrations are similar among all sources. However, one source is often particularly rich or poor in one element (e.g., N), which logically leads to a proportionate increase or decrease in the contribution of that source to the mixture for that element relative to the other element (e.g., C). We have developed a concentration-weighted linear mixing model, which assumes that for each element, a source's contribution is proportional to the contributed mass times the elemental concentration in that source. The model is outlined for two elements and three sources, but can be generalized to n elements and n+1 sources. Sensitivity analyses for C and N in three sources indicated that varying the N concentration of just one source had large and differing effects on the estimated source contributions of mass, C, and N. The same was true for a case study of bears feeding on salmon, moose, and N-poor plants. In this example, the estimated biomass contribution of salmon from the concentration-weighted model was markedly less than the standard model estimate. Application of the model to a captive feeding study of captive mink fed on salmon, lean beef, and C-rich, N-poor beef fat reproduced very closely the known dietary proportions, whereas the standard model failed to yield a set of positive source proportions. Use of this concentration-weighted model is recommended whenever the elemental concentrations vary substantially among the sources, which may occur in a variety of ecological and geochemical applications of stable isotope analysis. Possible examples besides dietary and food web studies include stable isotope analysis of water sources in soils, plants, or water bodies; geological sources for soils or marine systems; decomposition and soil organic matter dynamics, and tracing animal migration patterns. A spreadsheet for performing the calculations for this model is available at http://www.epa.gov/wed/pages /models.htm. JF - Oecologia AU - Phillips, DI AU - Koch, P I AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Western Ecology Division, 200 SW 35th Street, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA, phillips.donald@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - Jan 2002 SP - 114 EP - 125 PB - Springer-Verlag, [URL:http://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/00442/bibs/2130 001/21300114.htm] VL - 130 IS - 1 SN - 0029-8549, 0029-8549 KW - stable isotopes KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Methodology KW - Models KW - D 04615:Ecology studies - general KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18239612?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oecologia&rft.atitle=Incorporating+concentration+dependence+in+stable+isotope+mixing+models&rft.au=Phillips%2C+DI%3BKoch%2C+P+I&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=DI&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=130&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=114&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Oecologia&rft.issn=00298549&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs004420100786 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Models; Methodology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004420100786 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Salmon Recovery: Learning from Successes and Failures AN - 17780821; 5639990 AB - In this essay, I propose an answer to the question: What has been learned from 150 yr of efforts to protect and restore wild salmon in western North America? A century and a half of experience with managing salmon runs should reveal some general patterns, a few principles, and a handful of lessons learned -- those that are likely to remain relevant through the current century. I will propose five lessons that are central to understanding the salmon decline and especially public policies concerning salmon recovery. JF - Northwest Science AU - Lackey, R T AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis, Oregon 97333, USA, lackey.robert@epa.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 356 VL - 76 IS - 4 SN - 0029-344X, 0029-344X KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - North America KW - Recovery KW - Salmonidae KW - Learning behaviour KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - Q1 08423:Behaviour UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17780821?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Northwest+Science&rft.atitle=Salmon+Recovery%3A+Learning+from+Successes+and+Failures&rft.au=Lackey%2C+R+T&rft.aulast=Lackey&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=356&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Northwest+Science&rft.issn=0029344X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Recovery; Learning behaviour; Salmonidae; North America ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Light nonaqueous-phase liquid hydrocarbon weathering at some JP-4 fuel release sites AN - 16197438; 6400270 AB - A fuel weathering study was conducted for database entries to estimate natural light, nonaqueous-phase liquid weathering and source-term reduction rates for use in natural attenuation models. A range of BTEX weathering rates from mobile LNAPL plumes at eight field sites with known release dates was documented. Free-phase fuel BTEX weathering rates varied among sites and were influenced by many factors. First-order weathering rate for five JP-4 fuel sites was 16%/year. Benzene and toluene exhibited higher weathering rates than ethylbenzene and xylene, as expected, because of higher water solubility. The primary weathering mechanism of mobile LNAPL was dissolution. Meaningful determination of mobile LNAPL weathering rates for BTEX in the fuels was difficult because of the large ranges of initial BTEX values. JF - Journal of Hazardous Substance Research AU - Kampbell, D H AU - Snyder, C B AU - Downey, D C AU - Hansen, JE AD - National Risk Management Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, P.O. Box 1198, Ada, OK 74820, USA Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 VL - 3 SN - 1090-7025, 1090-7025 KW - weathering KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - Xylene KW - Fuels KW - Toluene KW - benzene KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16197438?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Substance+Research&rft.atitle=Light+nonaqueous-phase+liquid+hydrocarbon+weathering+at+some+JP-4+fuel+release+sites&rft.au=Kampbell%2C+D+H%3BSnyder%2C+C+B%3BDowney%2C+D+C%3BHansen%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Kampbell&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Substance+Research&rft.issn=10907025&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - nonaqueous phase liquids; Xylene; Toluene; Fuels; benzene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Advances in control of PM2.5 and PM2.5 precursors generated by the combustion of pulverized coal AN - 16177574; 5937255 AB - Particulate matter smaller than 2.5 mm in aerodynamic diametre (PM2.5) from coal-fired boilers is composed of directly emitted (primary) particles and particles formed from precursors (secondary particles). Technologies to reduce emissions of precursors to secondary PM2.5 emitted by coal-fired utility plants include wet and dry flue gas desulphurization (FGD). Limestone forced oxidation (LSFO) systems are the predominant wet FGD technology in use, and lime spray dryers (LSDs) represent the predominant dry FGD systems. A predictive model indicates that LSD systems have lower annualized costs than LSFO systems for coals with less than 2% sulphur and for plants smaller than 300 MWe. Control technologies for primary PM2.5 include hybrid systems such as the combined hybrid particulate control system and an electrostatically enhanced fabric filter (ESFF) system. The ESFF can provide improved PM2.5 collection and lower fan power requirements compared to a conventional pulse-jet baghouse. JF - International Journal of Environment and Pollution AU - Miller, CA AU - Srivastava, R K AU - Sedman, C B AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Of.ce of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division (MD-65), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 VL - 17 IS - 1-2 SN - 0957-4352, 0957-4352 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Filters KW - Limestone KW - Combustion products KW - Flue gas desulfurization KW - Emission control KW - Air pollution control KW - Boilers KW - Particulates KW - Coal KW - Utilities KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16177574?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Environment+and+Pollution&rft.atitle=Advances+in+control+of+PM2.5+and+PM2.5+precursors+generated+by+the+combustion+of+pulverized+coal&rft.au=Miller%2C+CA%3BSrivastava%2C+R+K%3BSedman%2C+C+B&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Environment+and+Pollution&rft.issn=09574352&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Filters; Limestone; Flue gas desulfurization; Combustion products; Air pollution control; Emission control; Coal; Particulates; Boilers; Utilities ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Baffled Flask Test for Dispersant Effectiveness: A Round Robin Evaluation of Reproducibility and Repeatability AN - 16159427; 5587759 AB - After two previous investigations demonstrated that the baffled flask test was an effective and reproducible method for screening the effectiveness of dispersant products in the laboratory, the US Environmental Protection Agency decided that before the new protocol could be considered for replacement of the swirling flask test, it would have to be subjected to an interlaboratory round robin investigation. This paper describes how the round robin evaluation was carried out and presents repeatability and reproducibility calculations that demonstrate the superiority of the new method over previous methods. Probabilities for passing various threshold levels of effectiveness values were computed, and the results will be used by the Agency to develop final pass-fail decision rules for dispersant manufacturers wishing to have their products listed on the national contingency plan product schedule. JF - Spill Science & Technology Bulletin AU - Venosa, AD AU - King, D W AU - Sorial, G A AD - National Risk Management Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA, venosa.albert@epa.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 299 EP - 308 VL - 7 IS - 5-6 SN - 1353-2561, 1353-2561 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - Screening KW - Pollution clean-up KW - Performance assessment KW - Dispersants KW - Methodology KW - Evaluation KW - EPA KW - Laboratory methods KW - Water pollution treatment KW - Tests KW - Standards KW - Oil removal KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16159427?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Spill+Science+%26+Technology+Bulletin&rft.atitle=The+Baffled+Flask+Test+for+Dispersant+Effectiveness%3A+A+Round+Robin+Evaluation+of+Reproducibility+and+Repeatability&rft.au=Venosa%2C+AD%3BKing%2C+D+W%3BSorial%2C+G+A&rft.aulast=Venosa&rft.aufirst=AD&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=455&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIDS+Education+and+Prevention&rft.issn=08999546&rft_id=info:doi/101521aeap2016286455 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Evaluation; Screening; Tests; Water pollution treatment; Standards; Performance assessment; Dispersants; Methodology; EPA; Laboratory methods; Pollution clean-up; Oil removal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Extraction Rate Problems Lead to Increased Costs at Pump-and-Treat Facilities: A Call to Improve Reporting of Rates AN - 16157130; 5594225 AB - Experiences at five pump-and-treatment (P&T) facilities provide three important lessons: 1. To reduce future costs, it is important to use the best hydraulic information possible for designing P&T systems, and to incorporate flexibility to compensate for uncertainties in hydraulic conditions. A phased approach to P&T system construction and hydraulic testing has been successful. 2. In practice, downtimes and maintenance problems result in significant reductions in the average ground water extraction rates. This indicates that operation and maintenance were more difficult than expected and warrant more attention. Furthermore, P&T systems are generally designed to attain the model optimized extraction rates only when the system is in full operation. Designers must recognize that P&T systems have downtimes, and, therefore, the uptime pumping must be sufficient to maintain capture. Generally, P&T systems should achieve model-optimized extraction rates on an average basis rather than only when the system is in full operation. 3. During operation of P&T systems, the average extraction rates should be routinely correlated to capture zone evaluations and included in monitoring reports. The average extraction rates should be compared to the model-derived extraction rates to assess whether the design objectives are being met and should be included in routine monitoring reports to confirm maintenance of pumping rates under which capture has been demonstrated. JF - Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation AU - Boice, R AD - U.S. Environment Protection Agency, Region 5, 77 W. Jackson Blvd., Chicago, IL, USA, boice.richard@epa.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 76 EP - 81 VL - 22 IS - 2 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Low cost) KW - Hydraulics KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Costs (see also Economics KW - Costs KW - Economics KW - Pumping KW - Design data KW - Case study KW - Pollutant removal KW - Water Pollution Treatment KW - Case Studies KW - Pollution (Groundwater) KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Design Criteria KW - Remediation KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Operating Policies KW - Monitoring KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16157130?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+and+Remediation&rft.atitle=Extraction+Rate+Problems+Lead+to+Increased+Costs+at+Pump-and-Treat+Facilities%3A+A+Call+to+Improve+Reporting+of+Rates&rft.au=Boice%2C+R&rft.aulast=Boice&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=76&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+and+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydraulics; Pollutant removal; Remediation; Economics; Groundwater pollution; Pollution (Groundwater); Case study; Low cost); Water Pollution Treatment; Costs (see also Economics; Design data; Pumping; Monitoring; Costs; Performance Evaluation; Case Studies; Design Criteria; Groundwater Pollution; Operating Policies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Known health consequences of urban pollution TT - Consequences de la pollution urbaine sur la sante AN - 16155569; 5595329 JF - Techniques Sciences Methodes. Genie Urbain-Genie Rural AU - Adedeji, A AD - Agence pour la protection de l'environnement de l'Etat de Lagos (Lagos State Environmental Protection Agency - LASEPA) Nigeria Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 29 EP - 36 VL - 11 SN - 0299-7258, 0299-7258 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Pollution effects KW - Environmental health KW - Public Health KW - Urban Areas KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Atmospheric pollution and health KW - Environmental Policy KW - Public-health KW - Urban atmospheric pollution KW - Environmental issues KW - Pollution (Water) KW - Urban areas KW - Urban environment KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16155569?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Techniques+Sciences+Methodes.+Genie+Urbain-Genie+Rural&rft.atitle=Known+health+consequences+of+urban+pollution&rft.au=Adedeji%2C+A&rft.aulast=Adedeji&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Promotion+International&rft.issn=09574824&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fheapro%2Fdai012 LA - French DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric pollution and health; Urban atmospheric pollution; Urban environment; Environmental health; Pollution effects; Urban areas; Public-health; Environmental issues; Pollution (Water); Public Health; Water Pollution Effects; Urban Areas; Environmental Policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Free-water Depth As A Management Tool For Constructed Wetlands AN - 16154575; 5448985 AB - The EPA's National Urban Runoff Program (Athayde 1982) conducted several decades ago clearly showed contaminants exist in urban runoff and more recent research shows that constructed wetlands can lower the concentration of unwanted compounds in stormwater runoff (Stockdale 1991, Wu 1995, Watanabe 1997). Although wetlands constructed to treat stormwater runoff are increasingly-used to help meet environmental goals, the understanding of this application lags behind the understanding of wastewater treatment. As stormwater applications increase, the need to understand internal wetland processes and the management options becomes proportionally more important. Studies are underway in our laboratory to gain a more thorough understanding of selected operating processes within a constructed stormwater wetland. Early experiments in our lab failed to produce desired vigorous plant growth within the test wetland cells, although the selected water depths were well within the established ranges for the mature species (Woodland 1991). One suspected cause of the inhibited growth was the freestanding water in the cells during the sprouting stage. Wetland plants which are able to establish themselves in the same water depths as the mature parental strain are known to have shared responses to the environmental gradient. On the other hand, plants that cannot establish themselves in the same water depth as the mature parental strain have some distinct responses to water depths (Keddy and Ellis 1985). Wetland species are further classified into two major groups based on the water depth establishment requirements. Drawdown species establish themselves when there is no standing water, and standing water species establish themselves when water is present (Keddy and Ellis 1985). This study was conducted to compare the growth of three wetland plant species grown in three different water depths. Management techniques for an established wetland are somewhat limited, but matching the free water depth with selected species is a potential technique to control specific plant communities. The design of the wetland can incorporate features enabling users to control or select water depth. Plant attributes affected by the water depth can be indirectly controlled using these wetland design features. JF - Journal of Aquatic Plant Management AU - Borst, M AU - Riscassi, AL AU - Estime, L AU - Fassman, EL AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, 2890 Woodbridge Avenue, Edison, NJ 08837, USA, Estime.Lunique@epa.gov Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - Jan 2002 SP - 43 EP - 45 PB - Aquatic Plant Management Society, Inc., PO Box 1477 Lehigh Acres FL 33970 USA VL - 40 IS - 1 SN - 0146-6623, 0146-6623 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Storm Water KW - Vegetation Establishment KW - Plant Populations KW - Experimental Data KW - Comparison Studies KW - Design Criteria KW - Water Depth KW - Urban Runoff KW - Artificial Wetlands KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16154575?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Aquatic+Plant+Management&rft.atitle=Free-water+Depth+As+A+Management+Tool+For+Constructed+Wetlands&rft.au=Borst%2C+M%3BRiscassi%2C+AL%3BEstime%2C+L%3BFassman%2C+EL&rft.aulast=Borst&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Aquatic+Plant+Management&rft.issn=01466623&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Experimental Data; Plant Populations; Vegetation Establishment; Storm Water; Comparison Studies; Design Criteria; Water Depth; Urban Runoff; Artificial Wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of Demonstrated and Emerging Technologies for the Treatment and Clean-up of Contaminated Land and Groundwater AN - 16148203; 5627146 AB - The problem of land and groundwater contamination from improper handling and disposal of hazardous materials and wastes is faced by all countries. Many countries have committed resources to developing advanced, innovative remediation technologies and to evaluating them under field conditions. The ongoing challenge is how to maximise the value of these technology demonstrations and effectively transfer the technologies both within and between countries. The purpose of this NATO/CCMS Pilot Study was to identify, discuss, and review innovative, emerging, and alternative technologies, and to transfer technical performance and economic information to potential users of these technologies. A specific objective of the study was to identify 'lessons learned' from the technology demonstrations - both the successes and those that illustrated technology failures or limitations. The latter type of information is rarely presented in conferences or discussed in the technical literature, but is very important for making informed decisions involving critical time and monetary requirements. It is also useful for defining priorities in research and development programs. Detailed reports from each meeting are available at www.nato.int. JF - Land Contamination & Reclamation AU - James, S C AU - Kovalick, WW Jr AD - National Risk Management Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, 26 Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA, james.steve@epa.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 239 EP - 246 VL - 10 IS - 4 SN - 0967-0513, 0967-0513 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Pollution clean-up KW - Decontamination KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Economic Aspects KW - Information exchange KW - Land reclamation KW - Information science KW - Soil Contamination KW - Water Pollution Treatment KW - Case Studies KW - Technology transfer KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Hazardous materials KW - Pollution control (Environmental) KW - Reviews KW - Remediation KW - Groundwater KW - Pollution control (Ground water) KW - Technology KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16148203?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Land+Contamination+%26+Reclamation&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+Demonstrated+and+Emerging+Technologies+for+the+Treatment+and+Clean-up+of+Contaminated+Land+and+Groundwater&rft.au=James%2C+S+C%3BKovalick%2C+WW+Jr&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Land+Contamination+%26+Reclamation&rft.issn=09670513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hazardous materials; Pollution clean-up; Remediation; Decontamination; Technology transfer; Groundwater; Land reclamation; Information exchange; Pollution control (Environmental); Pollution control (Ground water); Information science; Performance Evaluation; Water Pollution Treatment; Soil Contamination; Case Studies; Reviews; Groundwater Pollution; Economic Aspects; Technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preface to the Potential Impacts of Climate Change in the Great Lakes Region AN - 16147026; 5574421 AB - The Global Change Research Program in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Office of Research and Development initiated a Great Lakes Regional Assessment process in 1988. The specific focus of the assessment process is the potential consequences of climate variability and change for the Great Lakes region. Its goal is to translate scientific information into timely and useful insights that inform policy and resource management decisions, despite the existence of scientific uncertainties. It is a stakeholder-oriented process that involves the analysis of information from multiple disciplines to answer specific questions being asked by decision makers in the region. It also includes an analysis of adaptation options to improve society's ability to respond effectively to risks and opportunities as they emerge. JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Scheraga, J D AU - Furlow, J AD - Global Change Research Program, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Mail Code 8601-D, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20460, USA, Scheraga.Joel@epa.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 493 EP - 495 VL - 28 IS - 4 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - USA, Great Lakes KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Resource management KW - Regional Analysis KW - Climate change KW - Climatic changes KW - Freshwater KW - Decision Making KW - Resources Management KW - environmental policy KW - Climatic data analysis KW - Research programmes KW - Lakes KW - Climatic variability KW - Climatic Changes KW - Great Lakes research KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Policies KW - Adaptations KW - Public policy and climate KW - Environmental impact KW - Greenhouse effect KW - decision making KW - Environmental legislation KW - Environmental protection KW - EPA KW - USA KW - North America, Great Lakes KW - Environment management KW - M2 556.55:Lakes, Reservoirs, Ponds (556.55) KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - Q2 09123:Conservation KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16147026?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Preface+to+the+Potential+Impacts+of+Climate+Change+in+the+Great+Lakes+Region&rft.au=Scheraga%2C+J+D%3BFurlow%2C+J&rft.aulast=Scheraga&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=493&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Research programmes; Resource management; Policies; Adaptations; Climatic changes; Environmental impact; Greenhouse effect; Environmental legislation; Environment management; Environmental protection; Climatic variability; Public policy and climate; Climate change; Climatic data analysis; Great Lakes research; Environmental monitoring; EPA; Lakes; decision making; environmental policy; Regional Analysis; Climatic Changes; Decision Making; Resources Management; USA; North America, Great Lakes; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Perchlorate as an Environmental Contaminant AN - 16146885; 5510956 AB - Perchlorate anion has been found in drinking water supplies throughout the southwestern United States. It is primarily associated with releases of ammonium perchlorate by defense contractors, military operations, and aerospace programs. Ammonium perchlorate is used as a solid oxidant in missile and rocket propulsion systems. Traces of perchlorate are found in Chile saltpeter, but the use of such fertilizer has not been associated with large scale contamination. Although it is a strong oxidant, perchlorate anion is very persistent in the environment due to the high activation energy associated with its reduction. At high enough concentrations, perchlorate can affect thyroid gland functions, where it is mistakenly taken up in place of iodide. A safe daily exposure has not yet been set, but is expected to be released in 2002. Perchlorate is measured in environmental samples primarily by ion chromatography. It can be removed by anion exchange or membrane filtration. It is destroyed by some biological and chemical processes. The environmental occurrence, toxicity, analytical chemistry, and remediative approaches are discussed. JF - Environmental Science and Regulation International AU - Urbansky, E AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Water Supply and Water Resources Division, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 187 EP - 192 VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 0944-1344, 0944-1344 KW - perchlorate KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - USA KW - Anions KW - Remediation KW - Toxicity KW - Drinking water KW - Contaminants KW - Water supplies KW - Oxidants KW - H 3000:Environment and Ecology KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16146885?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+and+Regulation+International&rft.atitle=Perchlorate+as+an+Environmental+Contaminant&rft.au=Urbansky%2C+E&rft.aulast=Urbansky&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+and+Regulation+International&rft.issn=09441344&rft_id=info:doi/10.1065%2Fespr2002.05.117 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anions; Remediation; Toxicity; Contaminants; Drinking water; Water supplies; Oxidants; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1065/espr2002.05.117 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential genotoxicity of wastewater-contaminated pore waters with comparison to sediment toxicity and macrobenthic community composition AN - 16139138; 5432083 AB - The objectives of this survey were to determine the genotoxic potential of sediment pore waters above and below 10 wastewater outfalls and to compare the results to sediment chemical quality guidelines, acute toxicity, and macrobenthic community composition. The focus of the study was on genotoxicity since its occurrence in environmental media below wastewater discharges in the Gulf of Mexico region has not been reported in the scientific literature. Pore waters from 43 sediment samples were assayed using a microbial mutagenicity assay before and after activation with a rat liver microsome mix (S-9). A combination of either direct or activated responses was observed for 40% of the pore waters. Direct, activated, and both direct and activated responses were observed in 5, 26, and 9% of the total samples, respectively. Mutagenic effects were observed below 7 of the 10 outfall areas and in 4 of 6 control areas associated with 6 outfalls. The lowest pore water concentrations causing an activated mutagenic response were statistically similar above and below the outfalls. Mutagenicity occurred more frequently than acute toxicity to estuarine and freshwater invertebrates and there was no consistent relationship between its occurrence and the exceedance of sediment chemical quality guidelines. In contrast, there was some indication that mutagenic activity paralleled low benthic community diversity. JF - Environmental Toxicology AU - Lewis, MA AU - Daniels, C B AU - Moore, J C AU - Chen, T AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects, Research Laboratory, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561-5299, USA, lewis.michael@epa.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 63 EP - 73 VL - 17 IS - 1 SN - 1520-4081, 1520-4081 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Aqualine Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Water Pollution KW - Pore water KW - Genotoxicity testing KW - Benthic environment KW - Wastewater Pollution KW - Mutagenicity testing KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Outfall KW - Sediment pollution KW - Mutagenicity KW - Interstitial Water KW - Toxicity KW - Sediments KW - Water pollution KW - Outfalls KW - Community composition KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Waste water KW - Wastewater KW - Benthos KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16139138?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Potential+genotoxicity+of+wastewater-contaminated+pore+waters+with+comparison+to+sediment+toxicity+and+macrobenthic+community+composition&rft.au=Lewis%2C+MA%3BDaniels%2C+C+B%3BMoore%2C+J+C%3BChen%2C+T&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology&rft.issn=15204081&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Ftox.10033 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pore water; Sediment pollution; Community composition; Benthic environment; Toxicity; Waste water; Water pollution; Benthos; Mutagenicity testing; Outfalls; Mutagenicity; Genotoxicity testing; Sediments; Wastewater; Water Pollution; Sediment Contamination; Interstitial Water; Water Pollution Effects; Outfall; Wastewater Pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tox.10033 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lake Michigan 1994-1996 Surficial Sediment Mercury AN - 16138737; 5369588 AB - Between 1994 and 1996, sediment samples were collected from 118 stations in Lake Michigan. Samples were collected using both a box corer and a PONAR grab sampler. Samples were collected for the purpose of describing the current spatial variation of mercury in surficial sediment and for comparing current concentrations and fluxes to historic data. This work includes the first description of the spatial variation of mercury fluxes to the lake's sediment. It also provides a more recent description of the spatial distribution of mercury concentrations within the lake's sediments. For the 118 sites sampled and analyzed, the surficial sediment mercury concentration averaged 78 ng/g and ranged between 2 and 260 ng/g. Concentrations were highest in depositional basins and exhibited a distribution that conformed to the lake's bathymetry. The spatial distribution of mercury fluxes did not conform to the bathymetry. Instead maximum fluxes were shifted toward the southeastern shore. Fluxes to and concentrations in surficial sediment of each depositional basin were not significantly different from one another. Fluxes averaged 7.2 ng/cm super(2)/y and ranged between 0.85 and 32 ng/cm super(2)/y. Regional atmospheric fluxes account for roughly 50 percent of the total mercury flux to surficial sediments. JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Rossmann, R AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division--Duluth, Large Lakes and Rivers Forecasting Research Branch, Large Lakes Research Station, 9311 Groh Road, Grosse Ile, Michigan 48138, USA, rossmann.ronald@epa.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 65 EP - 76 VL - 28 IS - 1 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - USA, Michigan L. KW - Toxicology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water Pollution KW - Historical account KW - Spatial distribution KW - Heavy metals KW - Freshwater KW - Spatial variations KW - Lakes KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Sedimentation KW - Freshwater pollution KW - Sediment pollution KW - Lake deposits KW - Heavy Metals KW - Sediments KW - Sediment-water interface KW - North America, Great Lakes KW - Mercury KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - X 24166:Environmental impact UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16138737?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Lake+Michigan+1994-1996+Surficial+Sediment+Mercury&rft.au=Rossmann%2C+R&rft.aulast=Rossmann&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Spatial variations; Sediment pollution; Sediment-water interface; Mercury; Lake deposits; Sedimentation; Freshwater pollution; Lakes; Spatial distribution; Heavy metals; Sediments; Historical account; Water Pollution; Sediment Contamination; Heavy Metals; North America, Great Lakes; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of Application of One-dimensional Groundwater Transport Model to PRESTO-EPA Model AN - 16130459; 5327591 AB - This work evaluates the merits and the magnitude of potential errors expected from Hung's one-dimensional groundwater transport model as integrated into EPA's Prediction of Radiological Effects due to Shallow Trench Operation (PRESTO) model. PRESTO is a multimedia model designed to assess both the maximum individual doses for a critical population group and the cumulative genetic and fatal health effects for a general population that result from soil contamination and near-surface waste disposal. Hung's groundwater transport model was incorporated into PRESTO to balance efficiency with accuracy for the purpose of regulatory analysis. This 1D advective model accounts for dispersion through a spatially-dependent correction factor while maintaining the proper overall time-integrated concentration. Generally, 1D models suffer from two important limitations. They are incapable of calculating the transverse concentration distribution of a contaminant plume, and they may introduce excessive errors caused by their inherent simplifications and assumptions. This paper reevaluates the consequence of these limitations for generic regulatory analyses currently practiced in the United States; for this purpose, the calculation of contaminant distributions in a plume is not necessary because only nearby well-water concentrations are required for dose calculations. For typical releases, errors in Hung's model relative to calculations from a 3D finite-difference groundwater code, MODFLOW/SURFACT, can be maintained below 3%. In light of the limited impact of its simplifying assumptions and its merits in terms of computational efficiency, this work concludes that the Hung model is a useful 1D groundwater transport algorithm for near-field regulatory and compliance-driven human health risk assessments. In these applications, the receptor well is assumed to be located no more than 100 m away from the edge of the contaminated site. JF - Practice Periodical of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste Management AU - Hung, Cheng Yeng AD - Radiation Protection Division, Office of Radiation and Indoor Air, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC 20460, USA Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - Jan 2002 SP - 49 EP - 55 VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1090-025X, 1090-025X KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Dose-response effects KW - Risk assessment KW - Risk analysis KW - Model Studies KW - W4 220:Environmental Modeling KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16130459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+Public+Health&rft.atitle=Critical+perspectives+on+the+health+of+men%3A+lessons+from+medical+sociology&rft.au=Crawshaw%2C+Paul&rft.aulast=Crawshaw&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2009-09-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+Public+Health&rft.issn=09581596&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F09581590902941507 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-04-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: Environmental multimedia transport. N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Risk analysis; Model Studies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The state of the practice; characterizing and remediating contaminated groundwater at fractured rock sites AN - 1524613156; 2014-031457 AB - Characterizing and remediating contaminated groundwater in fractured rock are often the most difficult challenges facing environmental professionals. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), other U.S. federal agencies, and the Ontario Ministry of Environment recently supported a workshop, held an international conference, and developed a Web site to promote the understanding of the state of the practice. Field practitioners and researchers were surveyed and questioned concerning their experiences. This article summarizes the results of these efforts and provides an overview of the use of characterization methods and remediation technologies at fractured rock sites. 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Abstract Copyright (2002), Wiley Periodicals, Inc. JF - Remediation (New York, NY) AU - Steimle, Rich Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 23 EP - 33 PB - John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - fractured materials KW - technology KW - soil vapor extraction KW - characterization KW - pollution KW - observation wells KW - decision-making KW - borehole televiewers KW - cost KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - fractures KW - shallow aquifers KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - water pollution KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524613156?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.atitle=The+state+of+the+practice%3B+characterizing+and+remediating+contaminated+groundwater+at+fractured+rock+sites&rft.au=Steimle%2C+Rich&rft.aulast=Steimle&rft.aufirst=Rich&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frem.10024 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291520-6831 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-08-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; borehole televiewers; characterization; cost; decision-making; fractured materials; fractures; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; observation wells; pollution; remediation; shallow aquifers; soil vapor extraction; technology; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rem.10024 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Treatment of MTBE-contaminated waters with Fenton's reagent AN - 1524612927; 2014-031466 AB - Methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE) is commonly used as a fuel additive because of its many favorable properties that allow it to improve fuel combustion and reduce resulting concentrations of carbon monoxide and unburnt hydrocarbons. Unfortunately, increased production and use have led to its introduction into the environment. Of particular concern is its introduction into drinking water supplies. Accordingly, research studies have been initiated to investigate the treatment of MTBE-contaminated soil and groundwater. The summer 2000 issue of Remediation reported the results of an initial study conducted by the authors to evaluate the treatment of MTBE using Fenton's reagent. In this follow-up study, experiments were conducted to further demonstrate the effectiveness of using Fenton's reagent (H (sub 2) O (sub 2) :Fe (super +2) ) to treat MTBE-contaminated groundwater. The concentration of MTBE was reduced from an initial concentration of 1,300 mu g/l (14.77 mu moles) to the regulatory level of 20 mu g/l (0.23 mu moles) at a H (sub 2) O (sub 2) :Fe (super +2) molar ratio of 1:1, with ten minutes of contact time and an optimum pH of 5. The by-products, acetone and tertiary butyl alcohol, which are always present in MTBE in trace amounts, were not removed even after 60 minutes of reaction time. 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.*. Abstract Copyright (2002), Wiley Periodicals, Inc. JF - Remediation (New York, NY) AU - Ray, Asim B AU - Selvakumar, Ariamalar AU - Tafuri, Anthony N Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 81 EP - 93 PB - John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY VL - 12 IS - 3 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - toxic materials KW - irradiation KW - degradation KW - gasoline KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - petroleum products KW - combustion KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - ethers KW - carbon monoxide KW - organic compounds KW - reagents KW - methyl tert-butyl ether KW - chemical reactions KW - chemical properties KW - additives KW - Fenton's reagent KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524612927?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.atitle=Treatment+of+MTBE-contaminated+waters+with+Fenton%27s+reagent&rft.au=Ray%2C+Asim+B%3BSelvakumar%2C+Ariamalar%3BTafuri%2C+Anthony+N&rft.aulast=Ray&rft.aufirst=Asim&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frem.10035 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291520-6831 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - additives; biodegradation; carbon monoxide; chemical properties; chemical reactions; combustion; degradation; ethers; Fenton's reagent; gasoline; ground water; irradiation; methyl tert-butyl ether; optimization; organic compounds; oxidation; petroleum products; pollution; reagents; remediation; soils; toxic materials DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rem.10035 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Site demonstration of enhanced in-situ bioremediation of chlorinated and nonchlorinated organic compounds in fractured bedrock AN - 1524612854; 2014-031463 AB - A field demonstration of an enhanced in-situ bioremediation technology was conducted between March 1998 and August 1999 at the ITT Industries Night Vision (ITTNV) Division plant in Roanoke, Virginia. The bioremediation process was evaluated for its effectiveness in treating both chlorinated and nonchlorinated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in groundwater located in fractured bedrock. Chlorinated compounds, such as trichloroethene (TCE), in fractured bedrock pose a challenging remediation problem. Not only are chlorinated compounds resistant to normal biological degradation, but the fractured bedrock presents difficulties to traditional techniques used for recovery of contaminants and for delivery of amendments or reagents for in-situ remediation. The demonstration was conducted under the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE) program. The SITE program was established to promote the development, demonstration, and use of innovative treatment technologies for the cleanup of Superfund and other hazardous waste sites. This article presents selected results of the demonstration and focuses on understanding the data in light of the fractured bedrock formation. 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Abstract Copyright (2002), Wiley Periodicals, Inc. JF - Remediation (New York, NY) AU - Gallardo, Vicente J AU - Beckman, Scott W AU - Tillman, Joseph W Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 23 EP - 42 PB - John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY VL - 12 IS - 3 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - vinyl chloride KW - limestone KW - fractured materials KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - degradation KW - contaminant plumes KW - soil vapor extraction KW - observation wells KW - trichloroethane KW - air sparging KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - fractures KW - sedimentary rocks KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - dichloroethane KW - dichloroethenes KW - bedrock KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - shale KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - migration of elements KW - bioremediation KW - aquifers KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - volatile organic compounds KW - economics KW - chloroethane KW - carbonate rocks KW - water wells KW - clastic rocks KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524612854?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.atitle=Site+demonstration+of+enhanced+in-situ+bioremediation+of+chlorinated+and+nonchlorinated+organic+compounds+in+fractured+bedrock&rft.au=Gallardo%2C+Vicente+J%3BBeckman%2C+Scott+W%3BTillman%2C+Joseph+W&rft.aulast=Gallardo&rft.aufirst=Vicente&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frem.10032 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291520-6831 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air sparging; aquifers; bedrock; bioremediation; carbonate rocks; chlorinated hydrocarbons; chloroethane; clastic rocks; concentration; contaminant plumes; degradation; dichloroethane; dichloroethenes; economics; experimental studies; fractured materials; fractures; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; in situ; limestone; migration of elements; observation wells; optimization; organic compounds; pollution; remediation; sedimentary rocks; shale; soil vapor extraction; trichloroethane; vinyl chloride; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; water wells DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rem.10032 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of a soil-amendment process demonstration for reducing the bioavailability of lead AN - 1524612606; 2014-031470 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) evaluated an in-situ application of a soil-amendment process at a residential site that was contaminated with lead. The goal of the evaluation was to determine if the soil-amendment process resulted in lower concentrations of bioavailable lead in the contaminated soils. The relative bioavailability of lead (bioaccessible lead) was measured by an in vitro test procedure that uses a highly acidic extraction procedure to simulate human digestive processes. The soil-amendment demonstration showed that the 11.2 percent mean reduction in bioavailable lead concentration between untreated and treated soils was not statistically different. 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Abstract Copyright (2002), Wiley Periodicals, Inc. JF - Remediation (New York, NY) AU - Barth, Edwin F AU - Evans, Mark Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 37 EP - 43 PB - John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY VL - 12 IS - 4 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - United States KW - complexing KW - lead KW - bioavailability KW - urban environment KW - remediation KW - human ecology KW - bioaccumulation KW - laboratory studies KW - ligands KW - eastern Ohio KW - Ohio KW - baseline studies KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - indicators KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - humic substances KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - testing KW - fulvic acids KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524612606?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+a+soil-amendment+process+demonstration+for+reducing+the+bioavailability+of+lead&rft.au=Barth%2C+Edwin+F%3BEvans%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Barth&rft.aufirst=Edwin&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frem.10044 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291520-6831 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - baseline studies; bioaccumulation; bioavailability; complexing; concentration; eastern Ohio; experimental studies; fulvic acids; human ecology; humic substances; in situ; indicators; laboratory studies; lead; ligands; metals; Ohio; organic acids; organic compounds; pollution; remediation; soil pollution; soil treatment; testing; toxic materials; United States; urban environment DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rem.10044 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ground water contamination potential from stormwater infiltration AN - 1080608925; 2012-084347 AB - Prior to urbanization, ground water recharge resulted from infiltration of precipitation through pervious surfaces, including grasslands and woods. This infiltrating water was relatively uncontaminated. With urbanization, the permeable soil surface area through which recharge by infiltration could occur was reduced. This resulted in much less ground water recharge and greatly increased surface runoff. In addition, the waters available for recharge generally carried increased quantities of pollutants. With urbanization, new sources of ground water recharge also occurred, including recharge from domestic septic tanks, percolation basins and industrial waste injection wells, and from agricultural and residential irrigation. This paper presents information collected as part of a multi-year research project sponsored by the U.S. EPA and addresses potential ground water problems associated with stormwater infiltration. Several categories of constituents are discussed that are known to affect ground water quality: nutrients, pesticides, other organics, pathogens, metals, and salts and other dissolved minerals. The intention of this paper is to identify known stormwater contaminants as to their potential to contaminant ground water and to provide guidance for their control to minimize this contamination potential. JF - American Water Resources Association Technical Publication Series AU - Pitt, Robert AU - Clark, Shirley AU - Field, Richard AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 73 EP - 78 PB - AWRA - American Water Resources Association, Bethesda, MD VL - 02-2 SN - 1070-6763, 1070-6763 KW - herbicides KW - government agencies KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - nitrates KW - stormwater KW - benzene KW - ground water KW - nutrients KW - triazines KW - organic compounds KW - atrazine KW - infiltration KW - hydrocarbons KW - pesticides KW - water pollution KW - heavy metals KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1080608925?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Water+Resources+Association+Technical+Publication+Series&rft.atitle=Ground+water+contamination+potential+from+stormwater+infiltration&rft.au=Pitt%2C+Robert%3BClark%2C+Shirley%3BField%2C+Richard%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pitt&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=02-2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Water+Resources+Association+Technical+Publication+Series&rft.issn=10706763&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AWRA 2002 summer specialty conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - MD N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-09-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; atrazine; benzene; government agencies; ground water; heavy metals; herbicides; hydrocarbons; infiltration; nitrates; nutrients; organic compounds; pesticides; pollution; stormwater; triazines; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using GIS to map the depth to sediment in a pond AN - 1080608854; 2012-084351 AB - Researchers at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory, USEPA, have been characterizing the source, form and extent of subsurface contamination of arsenic in an industrialized watershed for the past two years. A subtask of that effort has focused on a particular pond, which acts as a major sink for arsenic contributed by the source area. Detailed investigations of the pond have included numerous samples and analysis of arsenic and other geochemical parameters. It has been important to precisely identify the locations of all sampling points in three dimensions, both in the water column and in the sediments beneath the pond. Bathymetric surveys have been very helpful in conjunction with GPS measurements to precisely locate all sampling points. Using these data together with aerial photos have enabled us to present all the data in a more accurate format for ease of interpretation. Of particular interest have been the conductivity data together with arsenic data which have allowed us to project where arsenic discharges into the pond from upgradient contaminated groundwater. JF - American Water Resources Association Technical Publication Series AU - Beck, Frank P, Jr AU - Clark, Patrick J AU - Ford, Robert AU - Murray, Victor AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 99 EP - 104 PB - AWRA - American Water Resources Association, Bethesda, MD VL - 02-2 SN - 1070-6763, 1070-6763 KW - United States KW - Global Positioning System KW - Suffolk County Massachusetts KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - mapping KW - Boston Massachusetts KW - ground water KW - ponds KW - geographic information systems KW - Massachusetts KW - metals KW - infiltration KW - sediments KW - lacustrine environment KW - aerial photography KW - information systems KW - bathymetry KW - remote sensing KW - lake sediments KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1080608854?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Water+Resources+Association+Technical+Publication+Series&rft.atitle=Using+GIS+to+map+the+depth+to+sediment+in+a+pond&rft.au=Beck%2C+Frank+P%2C+Jr%3BClark%2C+Patrick+J%3BFord%2C+Robert%3BMurray%2C+Victor%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Beck&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=02-2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Water+Resources+Association+Technical+Publication+Series&rft.issn=10706763&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AWRA 2002 summer specialty conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - PubXState - MD N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-09-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerial photography; arsenic; bathymetry; Boston Massachusetts; geographic information systems; Global Positioning System; ground water; infiltration; information systems; lacustrine environment; lake sediments; mapping; Massachusetts; metals; pollutants; pollution; ponds; remote sensing; sediments; Suffolk County Massachusetts; surface water; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lake Constance - a model for integrated lake restoration with international cooperation AN - 1024648890; 11660126 AB - Lake Constance is the second largest prealpine European lake. Its international catchment area lies in the territories of the four European countries Austria, Germany, Liechtenstein and Switzerland. Since the fifties, a significant degradation of its state was observed as a result of the pollutants of more than 1.2 million inhabitants in its catchment area. To counteract this negative development, international cooperation was realized in the International Commission for the Protection of Lake Constance (IGKB). Thereby the phosphorus concentration in the lake water, after a maximum value of 87 mg/m3 phosphorus in 1979, was reduced to 13 mg/m3 until 2001. To prevent the negative effects of unfavourable climatic conditions resulting in an incomplete vertical circulation, the concentration of phosphorus must be reduced to 10 mg/m3. Crucial points in future are to sustain the present successes in lake protection, to reduce existing loads as much as possible, to compensate for loads which are not avoidable and to avoid future loads. A sustainable use of the lake is ensured only by an intact lake ecosystem. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Muller, H AD - Institute for Lakes Research, Environmental Protection Agency of Baden-Wuerttemberg, Argenweg 50/1, 88085 Langenargen, Germany Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 93 EP - 98 PB - International Water Association (IWA), Alliance House 12 Caxton St. London SW1H 0QS United Kingdom, [mailto:water@iwahq.org] VL - 46 IS - 6-7 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Catchment area KW - International Commissions KW - Ecosystems KW - Degradation KW - International cooperation KW - Phosphorus KW - Sustainable development KW - Territory KW - Sustainable use KW - Freshwater KW - Climatic conditions KW - Switzerland KW - Restoration KW - Lakes KW - Pollutants KW - Liechtenstein KW - Modelling KW - Catchment Areas KW - Climate KW - Lake Restoration KW - Austria KW - Protection KW - Model Studies KW - Commissions KW - Catchments KW - Europe, Constance L. KW - Home range KW - Germany KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - ENA 19:Water Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1024648890?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Lake+Constance+-+a+model+for+integrated+lake+restoration+with+international+cooperation&rft.au=Muller%2C+H&rft.aulast=Muller&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=6-7&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.iwaponline.com/wst/toc.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Catchment area; Lakes; Pollutants; International cooperation; Climate; Sustainable development; Home range; Modelling; Restoration; Degradation; Commissions; Catchments; Phosphorus; Territory; Sustainable use; Climatic conditions; International Commissions; Ecosystems; Catchment Areas; Lake Restoration; Protection; Model Studies; Liechtenstein; Europe, Constance L.; Austria; Germany; Switzerland; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Epidemiology in the regulatory arena. AN - 72362050; 11744526 JF - American journal of epidemiology AU - Goldman, L R AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA. lgoldman@jhsph.edu Y1 - 2001/12/15/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Dec 15 SP - S18 EP - S26 VL - 154 IS - 12 Suppl SN - 0002-9262, 0002-9262 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - Environmental Monitoring -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Epidemiology KW - Government Agencies KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72362050?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Epidemiology+in+the+regulatory+arena.&rft.au=Goldman%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Goldman&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-12-15&rft.volume=154&rft.issue=12+Suppl&rft.spage=S18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+epidemiology&rft.issn=00029262&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-01-14 N1 - Date created - 2001-12-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogen Concentrations in Sulfate-Reducing Estuarine Sediments during PCE Dehalogenation AN - 18574921; 5355254 AB - Despite recent progress made evaluating the role of hydrogen (H sub(2)) as a key electron donor in the anaerobic remediation of chloroethenes, few studies have focused on the evaluation of hydrogen thresholds relative to reductive dehalogenation in sulfidogenic environments. Competition for hydrogen exists among microbial populations in anaerobic sediments, and direct evidence indicates that lower hydrogen thresholds are observed with more energetically favorable electron-accepting processes. This study examined aqueous hydrogen concentrations associated with sulfate reduction and perchloroethylene (PCE) dehalogenation in anoxic estuarine sediment slurry microcosms and evaluated the competition for H sub(2)-reducing equivalents within these systems. After an initial lag period of 13 days, PCE was reductively transformed to trichloroethylene (TCE). During the time of continuous PCE dehalogenation, a significantly (P < 0.05) lower hydrogen concentration (0.5 nM) was observed in the sediment slurries amended with PCE as compared to slurries without PCE (0.8 nM). Sulfate reduction to sulfide was observed in all sediment slurries, but in microcosms actively dechlorinating PCE, the amount of reducing equivalents directed to sulfate reduction was approximately half the amount in sediment slurries without PCE. These findings provide evidence that a lower hydrogen threshold exists in anoxic estuarine sediment slurries with PCE as a terminal electron acceptor as compared to sediment slurries in which sulfate reduction was the predominant electron-accepting process. Furthermore, our results utilizing the inhibitor molybdate indicated that H sub(2)-utilizing methanogens may have the potential to effectively compete with dechlorinators for hydrogen when sulfate reduction is initially inhibited. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Mazur, C S AU - Jones, W J AD - Ecosystems Research Division, National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, GA 30605, USA, jones.jack@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/12/15/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Dec 15 SP - 4783 EP - 4788 VL - 35 IS - 24 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Dehalogenation KW - Electron donor KW - Molybdate KW - Perchloroethylene KW - dehalogenation KW - perchloroethylene KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Sulfates KW - Water Pollution KW - Estuarine Environment KW - Degradation KW - Path of Pollutants KW - Sediment KW - Hydrogen KW - Decomposition KW - Sulphates KW - River sediment composition KW - Industrial wastes KW - Redox Reactions KW - Anoxically KW - Slurries KW - Inhibitors KW - Estuarine sediments KW - Anoxic Conditions KW - Redox reactions KW - Sediment chemistry KW - Sediment pollution KW - Dechlorination KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Estuaries KW - Sediments KW - Chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Estuarine chemistry KW - Anoxic sediments KW - Sulphate reduction KW - Pollution (Water) KW - M2 556.545:Estuarine regimes, pollution. Problems of exchange between fresh and saline water, mixing, resulting in brackish water KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - M2 551.468.6:Estuaries. Problems of estuarine circulation and mixing of fresh and salt water. Formation of brackish water. (551.468.6) KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18574921?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Hydrogen+Concentrations+in+Sulfate-Reducing+Estuarine+Sediments+during+PCE+Dehalogenation&rft.au=Mazur%2C+C+S%3BJones%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Mazur&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-12-15&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=4783&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anoxic sediments; Dechlorination; Sediment pollution; Sediment chemistry; Industrial wastes; Slurries; Sulphate reduction; Inhibitors; Hydrogen; Estuarine chemistry; Chlorinated hydrocarbons; River sediment composition; Estuarine sediments; Sulfates; Estuaries; Redox reactions; Biogeochemistry; Anoxically; Sediment; Decomposition; Pollution (Water); Sulphates; Water Pollution; Estuarine Environment; Degradation; Path of Pollutants; Redox Reactions; Anoxic Conditions; Sediments ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diurnal variation in thermoregulatory response to chlorpyrifos and carbaryl in the rat. AN - 72300286; 11718951 AB - Time of day of exposure is rarely considered in the study of insecticide toxicology. It would be expected that the circadian temperature rhythm (CTR) as well as the circadian rhythms of other physiological processes would affect the efficacy of anticholinesterase (antiChE) insecticides. The ability of antiChE insecticides to alter core temperature (T(c)) could be affected by time of exposure in relation to the CTR. To this end, we assessed time of exposure on the efficacy of the antiChE insecticides chlorpyrifos (CHP) and carbaryl (CAR) to alter T(c) in the rat. T(c) and motor activity (MA) were monitored by radiotelemetry. Rats were dosed orally with 0, 30, and 50 mg/kg CHP or 0, 25 and 75 mg/kg CAR at 09:00 and 15:00 h. Both insecticides caused an acute decrease followed by a delayed increase in T(c) by 24-48 h post-exposure. The temperature index (TI) (area under curve of DeltaT(c) with time) was significantly greater when CHP was given at 15:00 h as compared with 09:00 h. The maximum decrease in T(c) was similar for morning and afternoon CHP. The TI following CAR was similar for morning and afternoon exposure. CHP suppressed the 24 h MA equally when given in the morning and afternoon. CAR was more effective in reducing MA when given in the morning as compared with the afternoon. The T(c) increase measured 24 h after dosing was greater when CHP was given in the morning. Overall, time of day affected the thermoregulatory toxicity of CHP but not CAR. Another experiment showed that the hypothermic efficacy of oxotremorine, a muscarinic agonist, was greater when injected at 09:00 h as compared with 15:00 h. Hence, cholinergic stimulation is probably not the only mechanism to explain the effects of the chronotoxicogical effects of some antiChE insecticides. JF - Toxicology AU - Gordon, C J AU - Mack, C M AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, MD-74B, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27711, USA. gordon.christopher@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/12/14/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Dec 14 SP - 93 EP - 105 VL - 169 IS - 2 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - Insecticides KW - Muscarinic Agonists KW - Oxotremorine KW - 5RY0UWH1JL KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - JCS58I644W KW - Carbaryl KW - R890C8J3N1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Long-Evans KW - Oxotremorine -- pharmacology KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Telemetry KW - Muscarinic Agonists -- pharmacology KW - Food Deprivation -- physiology KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- toxicity KW - Chlorpyrifos -- toxicity KW - Circadian Rhythm -- drug effects KW - Carbaryl -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72300286?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Diurnal+variation+in+thermoregulatory+response+to+chlorpyrifos+and+carbaryl+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J%3BMack%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-12-14&rft.volume=169&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-01-31 N1 - Date created - 2001-11-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neurogenic inflammation and particulate matter (PM) air pollutants. AN - 72426766; 11829413 AB - Exposure to a class of airborne pollutants known as particulate matter (PM) is an environmental health risk of global proportions. PM is thought to initiate and/or exacerbate respiratory disorders, such as asthma and airway hyper-responsiveness and is epidemiologically associated with causing death in the elderly and those with pre-existing respiratory, or cardiopulmonary disease. Plausible mechanisms of action to explain PM inflammation and its susceptible sub-population component are lacking. This review describes a series of published studies which indicate that PM initiates airway inflammation through sensory neural pathways, specifically by activation of capsaicin-sensitive vanilloid (e.g. VRI) irritant receptors. These acid-sensitive receptors are located on the sensory C nerve fibers that innervate the airways as well as on various immune and non-immune airway target cells. The activation of these receptors results in the release of neuropeptides from the sensory terminals that innervate the airways. Their interactions with airway target cells, result in signs of inflammation (e.g. bronchoconstriction, vasodilation, histamine release, mucous secretion etc.). Our data have linked the activation of the VR1 receptors to the surface charge carried on the colloidal particulates which constitute PM pollution. Related studies have examined how genetic and non-genetic factors modify the sensitivity of these irritant receptors and enhance the inflammatory responsiveness to PM. In summary, this review proposes a mechanism by which neurogenic elements initiate and sustain PM-mediated airway inflammation. Although neurogenic influences have been appreciated in normal airway homeostasis, they have not, until now, been associated with PM toxicity. The sensitivity of the sensory nervous system to irritants and its interactions with pulmonary target tissues, should encourage neuroscientists to explore the relevance of neurogenic influences to toxic disorders involving other peripheral target systems. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Verones, B AU - Oortgiesen, M AD - Neurotoxicology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. veronesi.bellina@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 795 EP - 810 VL - 22 IS - 6 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Irritants KW - Receptors, Drug KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Receptors, Drug -- drug effects KW - Chemistry, Physical KW - Irritants -- toxicity KW - Humans KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- pathology KW - Respiratory System -- pathology KW - Sensory Receptor Cells -- drug effects KW - Air Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Nervous System -- pathology KW - Air Pollutants -- chemistry KW - Inflammation -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72426766?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Neurogenic+inflammation+and+particulate+matter+%28PM%29+air+pollutants.&rft.au=Verones%2C+B%3BOortgiesen%2C+M&rft.aulast=Verones&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=795&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-07-17 N1 - Date created - 2002-02-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemomorphic analysis of malathion in skin layers of the rat: implications for the use of dermatopharmacokinetic tape stripping in exposure assessment to pesticides. AN - 72383663; 11754528 AB - The dermatopharmacokinetic (DPK) method of dermal tape stripping may prove to be a valuable addition to risk assessment protocols for toxic substances as it has been for the assessment of bioequivalence and bioavailability of topical dermatologic drugs. The measurement of drug penetration into stratum corneum (SC) with respect to time is thought to be comparable with drug distribution in underlying tissues. To examine this possibility, the dermal penetration and absorption characteristics of [(14)C]malathion in the Sprague-Dawley rat was examined by three analytical techniques. [(14)C]Malathion was applied in different vehicles for 30-min and 1-h periods of exposure. Penetration into the SC was assessed by tape stripping followed by instant electronic autoradiography (IEA). Also, the (14)C activity retained in three successive 16 microm sections of the skin application site was determined by IEA and malathion was identified by Fourier transform infrared microscopy (FTIR microscopy). Absorbed [(14)C]malathion was measured in selected tissues, organs, and the residual carcass by liquid scintillation counting (LSC). Penetration into the SC followed a linear trend. The capacity of the SC reservoir for malathion amounted to approximately 1% of the dermal dose, while approximately 6% of the dose was absorbed. Results from this study support the view that LSC remains the method of choice to efficiently and reliably quantify absorption of a radiolabeled test substance. IEA offers the ability of the user to visualize the extent and profile of dermal absorption. When IEA is combined with FTIR microscopy, an effectual tool for studying the penetration of chemicals into layers of the skin emerges. The combined use of the three analytical techniques can be used to test the validity of the DPK method in hazard evaluation and exposure assessment of the organophosphorus insecticides. JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Dary, C C AU - Blancato, J N AU - Saleh, M A AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 234 EP - 248 VL - 34 IS - 3 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Carbon Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Insecticides KW - Reagent Strips KW - Malathion KW - U5N7SU872W KW - Index Medicus KW - Therapeutic Equivalency KW - Rats KW - Reagent Strips -- analysis KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Reagent Strips -- chemistry KW - Epidermis -- metabolism KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Reagent Strips -- pharmacokinetics KW - Malathion -- chemistry KW - Malathion -- analysis KW - Skin -- metabolism KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Malathion -- pharmacokinetics KW - Insecticides -- chemistry KW - Insecticides -- pharmacokinetics KW - Insecticides -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72383663?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=Chemomorphic+analysis+of+malathion+in+skin+layers+of+the+rat%3A+implications+for+the+use+of+dermatopharmacokinetic+tape+stripping+in+exposure+assessment+to+pesticides.&rft.au=Dary%2C+C+C%3BBlancato%2C+J+N%3BSaleh%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Dary&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=234&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-04-26 N1 - Date created - 2001-12-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Confounding in air pollution epidemiology: when does two-stage regression identify the problem? AN - 72361492; 11748025 AB - A two-stage approach has recently been proposed to assess confounding by copollutants or other variables in time-series epidemiology studies for airborne particulate matter (PM), using independent series from different cities. In the first stage of the proposed method, two regression models are fitted for each city in the analysis. The first relates the health effect to the putative causal variable such as PM without including any copollutant or confounder. The other first-stage model relates a putative confounding variable to PM. In the second stage of the analysis, the estimated city-specific regression slopes for the health-effect-versus-PM model are regressed against the estimated city-specific regression slopes for the confounder-versus-PM model. Under the proposed method, a nonzero intercept estimate in the second-stage regression would be interpreted as indicating a direct pathway from PM to the health effect, and a nonzero slope estimate would be interpreted as indicating at least partial confounding of PM with the putative confounder. A simple counterexample using an additional copollutant variable shows that inferences based on this method could be misleading. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Marcus, A H AU - Kegler, S R AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment - RTP, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. marcus.allan@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 1193 EP - 1196 VL - 109 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Public Health KW - Epidemiologic Studies KW - Particle Size KW - Humans KW - Confounding Factors (Epidemiology) KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Regression Analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72361492?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Confounding+in+air+pollution+epidemiology%3A+when+does+two-stage+regression+identify+the+problem%3F&rft.au=Marcus%2C+A+H%3BKegler%2C+S+R&rft.aulast=Marcus&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-02-05 N1 - Date created - 2001-12-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Inhal Toxicol. 2000 Jan-Feb;12(1-2):121-39 [10715620] Environ Health Perspect. 2000 Apr;108(4):347-53 [10753094] Epidemiology. 1999 Jan;10(1):17-22 [9888275] Environ Health Perspect. 2000 Oct;108(10):941-7 [11049813] Environ Health Perspect. 2000 Jun;108(6):563-8 [10856032] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute toxicity of heavy metals to acetate-utilizing mixed cultures of sulfate-reducing bacteria: EC100 and EC50. AN - 72353699; 11764146 AB - Acid mine drainage from abandoned mines and acid mine pit lakes is an important environmental concern and usually contains appreciable concentrations of heavy metals. Because sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are involved in the treatment of acid mine drainage, knowledge of acute metal toxicity levels for SRB is essential for the proper functioning of the treatment system for acid mine drainage. Quantification of heavy metal toxicity to mixed cultures of SRB is complicated by the confounding effects of metal hydroxide and sulfide precipitation, biosorption, and complexation with the constituents of the reaction matrix. The objective of this paper was to demonstrate that measurements of dissolved metal concentrations could be used to determine the toxicity parameters for mixed cultures of sulfate-reducing bacteria. The effective concentration, 100% (EC100), the lowest initial dissolved metal concentrations at which no sulfate reduction is observed, and the effective concentration, 50% (EC50), the initial dissolved metal concentrations resulting in a 50% decrease in sulfate reduction, for copper and zinc were determined in the present study by means of nondestructive, rapid physical and chemical analytical techniques. The reaction medium used in the experiments was designed specifically (in terms of pH and chemical composition) to provide the nutrients necessary for the sulfidogenic activity of the SRB and to preclude chemical precipitation of the metals under investigation. The toxicity-mitigating effects of biosorption of dissolved metals were also quantified. Anaerobic Hungate tubes were set up (at least in triplicate) and monitored for sulfate-reduction activity. The onset of SRB activity was detected by the blackening of the reaction mixture because of formation of insoluble ferrous sulfide. The EC100 values were found to be 12 mg/L for copper and 20 mg/L for zinc. The dissolved metal concentration measurements were effective as the indicators of the effect of the heavy metals at concentrations below EC100. The 7-d EC50 values obtained from the difference between the dissolved metal concentrations for the control tubes (tubes not containing copper or zinc) and tubes containing metals were found to be 10.5 mg/L for copper and 16.5 mg/L for zinc. Measurements of the turbidity and pH, bacterial population estimations by means of a most-probable number technique, and metal recovery in the sulfide precipitate were found to have only a limited applicability in these determinations. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Utgikar, V P AU - Chen, B Y AU - Chaudhary, N AU - Tabak, H H AU - Haines, J R AU - Govind, R AD - Land Remediation and Pollution Control Division, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268 USA. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 2662 EP - 2669 VL - 20 IS - 12 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Acetates KW - 0 KW - Sulfates KW - Water Pollutants KW - Copper KW - 789U1901C5 KW - Zinc KW - J41CSQ7QDS KW - Index Medicus KW - Nutritional Status KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Acetates -- metabolism KW - Mining KW - Biological Availability KW - Water Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Sulfates -- metabolism KW - Copper -- pharmacokinetics KW - Bacteria KW - Zinc -- toxicity KW - Zinc -- pharmacokinetics KW - Copper -- toxicity KW - Water Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72353699?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=Acute+toxicity+of+heavy+metals+to+acetate-utilizing+mixed+cultures+of+sulfate-reducing+bacteria%3A+EC100+and+EC50.&rft.au=Utgikar%2C+V+P%3BChen%2C+B+Y%3BChaudhary%2C+N%3BTabak%2C+H+H%3BHaines%2C+J+R%3BGovind%2C+R&rft.aulast=Utgikar&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2662&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-03-28 N1 - Date created - 2001-12-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exploratory analysis of the effects of particulate characteristics on the variation in partitioning of nonpolar organic contaminants to marine sediments. AN - 72338308; 11763041 AB - The partitioning of nonpolar organic contaminants to marine sediments is considered to be controlled by the amount of organic carbon present. However, several studies propose that other characteristics of sediments may affect the partitioning of contaminants. For this exploratory analysis, we measured 19 sediment characteristics from five marine sediments and 11 characteristics of humic acids extracted from the sediments. These characteristics included elemental composition, grain size, soot carbon, polarity indices and molar ratios. Each individual characteristic and combinations of these characteristics were then used to normalize partition coefficients (Kp) generated for three organic contaminants: lindane, fluoranthene and a tetrachlorinated biphenyl (PCB). A coefficient of variation (CV) was then calculated for each contaminant to determine which normalization characteristic (individually or in combination) resulted in the lowest variability in partitioning between study sediments. For lindane and the PCB. normalization by the amount of sediment organic carbon resulted in the lowest variability in partition coefficients with CVs of 16.2% and 37.7%. respectively. However, normalization of fluoranthene by silt content resulted in lower CVs than those generated by organic carbon normalization: 31.0% vs. 37.6%. Normalization of contaminants Kp's by combined values of sediment characteristics resulted in lower CVs but only by a few percent. Using humic acid characteristics, humic organic carbon reduced variability between sediments most effectively. But only the normalized fluoranthene values had a CV (i.e., 25.4%) lower than the one based on normalization by sediment characteristics. When combined, humic acid characteristics resulted in lower CVs than normalization by individual or combinations of sediment characteristics for fluoranthene and the PCB with CVs of 19.3% and 28.7%, respectively. This analysis indicates variability associated with the partitioning of some organic contaminants to marine sediments can be further reduced when normalization by sediment characteristics other than organic carbon are utilized. JF - Water research AU - Burgess, R M AU - Ryba, S A AU - Cantwell, M G AU - Gundersen, J L AD - US EPA, NHEERL, Atlantic Ecology Division Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882, USA. burgess.robert@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 4390 EP - 4404 VL - 35 IS - 18 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - Humic Substances KW - 0 KW - Minerals KW - Organic Chemicals KW - Water Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - Solubility KW - Particle Size KW - Adsorption KW - Absorption KW - Humic Substances -- chemistry KW - Geologic Sediments -- chemistry KW - Water Pollutants -- analysis KW - Organic Chemicals -- analysis KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72338308?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+research&rft.atitle=Exploratory+analysis+of+the+effects+of+particulate+characteristics+on+the+variation+in+partitioning+of+nonpolar+organic+contaminants+to+marine+sediments.&rft.au=Burgess%2C+R+M%3BRyba%2C+S+A%3BCantwell%2C+M+G%3BGundersen%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Burgess&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=4390&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-04-09 N1 - Date created - 2001-12-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) as an interference on commercial breath-alcohol analyzers. AN - 72311700; 11728735 AB - Anecdotal reports suggest that high environmental or occupational exposures to the fuel oxygenate methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) may result in breath concentrations that are sufficiently elevated to cause a false positive on commercial breath-alcohol analyzers. We evaluated this possibility in vitro by establishing a response curve for simulated breath containing MTBE in ethanol. Two types of breath-alcohol analyzers were evaluated. One analyzer's principle of operation involves in situ wet chemistry (oxidation of ethanol in a potassium dichromate solution) and absorption of visible light. The second instrument uses a combination of infrared absorption and an electrochemical sensor. Both types of instruments are currently used, although the former method represents older technology while the latter method represents newer technology.The percent blood alcohol response curve was evaluated over a breath concentration range thought to be relevant to high-level environmental or occupational exposure (0-361 microg/l). Results indicate that MTBE positively biases the response of the older technology Breathalyzer when evaluated as a single constituent or in combination with ethanol. We conclude that a false positive is possible on this instrument if the MTBE exposure is very high, recent with respect to testing, and occurs in combination with ethanol consumption. The interference can be identified on the older technology instrument by a time dependent post-reading increase in the instrument response that does not occur for ethanol alone. In contrast, the newer technology instrument using infrared and electrochemical detectors did not respond to MTBE at lower levels (0-36 microg/l), and at higher levels (>72 microg/l) the instrument indicated an "interference" or "error". For this instrument, a false positive does not occur even at high MTBE levels in the presence of ethanol. JF - Forensic science international AU - Buckley, T J AU - Pleil, J D AU - Bowyer, J R AU - Davis, J M AD - US EPA, National Exposure Research Laboratory (MD-56), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. tbuckley@jhsph.edu Y1 - 2001/12/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Dec 01 SP - 111 EP - 118 VL - 123 IS - 2-3 SN - 0379-0738, 0379-0738 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Methyl Ethers KW - Solvents KW - methyl tert-butyl ether KW - 29I4YB3S89 KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - Index Medicus KW - Spectrophotometry, Infrared KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Humans KW - Electrochemistry KW - Models, Biological KW - False Positive Reactions KW - Ethanol -- blood KW - Ethanol -- analysis KW - Breath Tests -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72311700?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forensic+science+international&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+methyl+tert-butyl+ether+%28MTBE%29+as+an+interference+on+commercial+breath-alcohol+analyzers.&rft.au=Buckley%2C+T+J%3BPleil%2C+J+D%3BBowyer%2C+J+R%3BDavis%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Buckley&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forensic+science+international&rft.issn=03790738&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-02-14 N1 - Date created - 2001-11-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of inhaled iron oxide particles on alveolar epithelial permeability in normal subjects. AN - 72257446; 11696874 AB - Pulmonary inflammation secondary to oxidant generation catalyzed by transition metals associated with inhaled particles is one factor postulated to underlie the acute health effects of particulate air pollution. We postulated that inhaled iron oxide particles with associated amounts of soluble iron should induce mild pulmonary inflammation and lead to altered alveolar epithelial integrity and altered gas exchange. To test this hypothesis we examined the effects of inhaled iron oxide particles on alveolar epithelial permeability. Sixteen healthy subjects inhaled aerosols of iron oxide particles (1.5 microm mass median aerodynamic diameter) having either high or low water-soluble iron content [3.26 +/- 0.25 (SE) and 0.14 +/- 0.04 microg soluble iron/mg of particles, respectively] for 30 min at an average mass concentration of 12.7 mg/m(3). Alveolar epithelial permeability was assessed by measuring the pulmonary clearance of an inhaled radiolabeled tracer molecule ((99m)Tc-DTPA, diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid) using a gamma camera at 1/2 h and 24 h post particle exposure. Carbon monoxide lung diffusing capacity (DL(CO)) and spirometry were also performed before and after breathing the iron oxide. As a control, on a separate day, the procedures were duplicated except that the subject breathed particle-free air. For those subjects breathing aerosols with high soluble iron, we found no significant difference in DTPA clearance half-times after breathing particles versus particle-free air either at 1/2 h (97.4 +/- 15.4 vs. 116.1 +/- 15.5 min, respectively) or 24 h postinhalation (105.1 +/- 13.8 vs. 106.9 +/- 12.9 min, respectively). Likewise, for those subjects breathing aerosols with low soluble iron content we found no significant difference in DTPA clearance half-times after breathing particles versus particle-free air either at 1/2 h (108.6 +/- 31.9 vs. 95.6 +/- 10.8 min, respectively) or 24 h postinhalation (130.0 +/- 18.0 vs. 105.8 +/- 13.7 min, respectively). We found no significant differences in DL(CO) between particle exposures and air exposures. Minor differences in spirometric measurements were noted but were not statistically significant. We conclude that inhalation of iron oxide particles did not cause an appreciable alteration of alveolar epithelial permeability, lung diffusing capacity, or pulmonary function in healthy subjects under the studied conditions. JF - Inhalation toxicology AU - Lay, J C AU - Zeman, K L AU - Ghio, A J AU - Bennett, W D AD - Center for Environmental Medicine and Lung Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB# 7310, EPA Human Studies Facility, 104 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. JCL@med.unc.edu Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 1065 EP - 1078 VL - 13 IS - 12 SN - 0895-8378, 0895-8378 KW - Ferric Compounds KW - 0 KW - Iron Chelating Agents KW - ferric oxide KW - 1K09F3G675 KW - Pentetic Acid KW - 7A314HQM0I KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Cross-Over Studies KW - Algorithms KW - Iron Chelating Agents -- pharmacology KW - Adolescent KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pentetic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Epithelial Cells -- metabolism KW - Epithelial Cells -- drug effects KW - Pulmonary Alveoli -- metabolism KW - Ferric Compounds -- administration & dosage KW - Cell Membrane Permeability -- drug effects KW - Ferric Compounds -- toxicity KW - Pulmonary Alveoli -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72257446?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Inhalation+toxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+inhaled+iron+oxide+particles+on+alveolar+epithelial+permeability+in+normal+subjects.&rft.au=Lay%2C+J+C%3BZeman%2C+K+L%3BGhio%2C+A+J%3BBennett%2C+W+D&rft.aulast=Lay&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1065&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Inhalation+toxicology&rft.issn=08958378&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-01-14 N1 - Date created - 2001-11-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The environmental consequences of alien species in the Swedish lakes Mälaren, Hjälmaren, Vänern and Vättern. AN - 71270142; 11878025 AB - Twenty alien species have become established in the lakes Mälaren, Vänern, Vättern and Hjälmaren. Intentional introductions include fish and the signal crayfish from North America, ornamental plants, and the Canada goose. Unintentional introductions include the crayfish plague introduced with infected crayfish, the zebra mussel, and Chinese mitten crab introduced with ballast water. The introduction of pathogens and parasites, in particular the crayfish plague, to the lakes has had the greatest environmental and socioeconomic effects and has contributed to the decimation of the indigenous noble crayfish. The stocking of brown trout and salmon with origins from different biogeographical regions has contributed to the extinction of relict indigenous fish species in L. Vänern. Although major ecosystem damage caused by the introduction of alien species, with the exception of the crayfish plague, has not occurred in the four large Swedish lakes, local problems of considerable dignity occur occasionally. JF - Ambio AU - Josefsson, M AU - Andersson, B AD - Department of Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, P.O. Box 7050, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden. Melanie.Josefsson@snv.slu.se Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 514 EP - 521 VL - 30 IS - 8 SN - 0044-7447, 0044-7447 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mink KW - Population Dynamics KW - Fishes KW - Plants KW - Invertebrates KW - Birds KW - Species Specificity KW - Sweden KW - Ecosystem KW - Fresh Water KW - Biomass KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71270142?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ambio&rft.atitle=The+environmental+consequences+of+alien+species+in+the+Swedish+lakes+M%C3%A4laren%2C+Hj%C3%A4lmaren%2C+V%C3%A4nern+and+V%C3%A4ttern.&rft.au=Josefsson%2C+M%3BAndersson%2C+B&rft.aulast=Josefsson&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=514&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ambio&rft.issn=00447447&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-21 N1 - Date created - 2002-03-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Natural attenuation of fuel hydrocarbons at multiple Air Force base demonstration sites AN - 50901462; 2002-065891 JF - AEHS Contaminated Soil Sediment & Water AU - Kampbell, Don H AU - Hansen, Jerry E AU - Henry, Bruce M AU - Hicks, John R Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 27 EP - 28 PB - Association for Environmental Health and Sciences (AEHS), Amherst, MA VL - 2001, December SN - 1533-4155, 1533-4155 KW - United States KW - contaminant plumes KW - light nonaqueous phase liquids KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - decontamination KW - natural attenuation KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - biodegradation KW - Elmendorf Air Force Base KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - petroleum products KW - BTEX KW - Southern Alaska KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - case studies KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - Alaska KW - military facilities KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50901462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AEHS+Contaminated+Soil+Sediment+%26+Water&rft.atitle=Natural+attenuation+of+fuel+hydrocarbons+at+multiple+Air+Force+base+demonstration+sites&rft.au=Kampbell%2C+Don+H%3BHansen%2C+Jerry+E%3BHenry%2C+Bruce+M%3BHicks%2C+John+R&rft.aulast=Kampbell&rft.aufirst=Don&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=2001%2C+December&rft.issue=&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AEHS+Contaminated+Soil+Sediment+%26+Water&rft.issn=15334155&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.aehsmag.com/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - MA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; aromatic hydrocarbons; biodegradation; BTEX; case studies; contaminant plumes; decontamination; Elmendorf Air Force Base; environmental analysis; ground water; hydrocarbons; leaking underground storage tanks; light nonaqueous phase liquids; military facilities; monitoring; natural attenuation; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; remediation; Southern Alaska; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The WRDA program and emerging decontamination technologies for contaminated sediments AN - 50899968; 2002-065894 JF - AEHS Contaminated Soil Sediment & Water AU - Wenning, Richard J AU - Stern, Eric A AU - Jones, Keith W AU - Douglas, W Scott Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 38 EP - 41 PB - Association for Environmental Health and Sciences (AEHS), Amherst, MA VL - 2001, December SN - 1533-4155, 1533-4155 KW - United States KW - regulations KW - techniques KW - remediation KW - waste management KW - decontamination KW - sediments KW - waterways KW - estuarine environment KW - discharge KW - heavy metals KW - programs KW - WRDA KW - monitoring KW - Water Resources Development Act KW - harbors KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - dredged materials KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - industrial waste KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - coastal environment KW - policy KW - economics KW - New Jersey KW - waste disposal KW - pesticides KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50899968?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AEHS+Contaminated+Soil+Sediment+%26+Water&rft.atitle=The+WRDA+program+and+emerging+decontamination+technologies+for+contaminated+sediments&rft.au=Wenning%2C+Richard+J%3BStern%2C+Eric+A%3BJones%2C+Keith+W%3BDouglas%2C+W+Scott&rft.aulast=Wenning&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=2001%2C+December&rft.issue=&rft.spage=38&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AEHS+Contaminated+Soil+Sediment+%26+Water&rft.issn=15334155&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.aehsmag.com/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - MA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; coastal environment; decision-making; decontamination; discharge; dredged materials; economics; estuarine environment; harbors; heavy metals; hydrocarbons; industrial waste; monitoring; New Jersey; New York; organic compounds; pesticides; policy; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; programs; regulations; remediation; sediments; techniques; United States; waste disposal; waste management; Water Resources Development Act; waterways; WRDA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analytical modeling of the influence of denitrifying sediments on nitrate transport in aquifers with sloping beds AN - 50154474; 2002-053955 AB - Denitrification is a significant process for the removal of nitrate transported in groundwater drainage from agricultural croplands to streams and has important ecological consequences. In this paper, analytical solutions are developed for advective-reactive and nonpoint sources contaminant transport in a two-layer unconfined aquifer with a sloping bed. In particular, we investigate the impact of a sloping bed of denitrifying sediments on nitrate in groundwater discharge to streams. Nitrate discharge to streams is considered to be the result of mixing of waters from two geochemically distinct zones in the aquifer. Groundwater flow is assumed to be steady, and the effect of dispersion on solute transport is neglected. First, the problem of steady state groundwater flow in an unconfined aquifer with a sloping bed subject to uniform recharge is solved exactly and approximately using a regular perturbation technique. The transport equations, which describe advective-reactive transport in a two-layer aquifer, are then developed based on mass balance and solved in the Lagrangian viewpoint for the case of complete denitrification in the lower layer (or redox zone), using the perturbation technique. Application of the methodology to paired agricultural watersheds in the mid-Atlantic coastal plain predicts that the sloping bed of the surficial aquifer affects both groundwater discharge and nitrate loading to two creeks in the watersheds. Because of the sloping bed of the surficial aquifer, groundwater discharged to Morgan Creek is estimated to be dominated by discharge from the lower layer and therefore shows greater potential for losses by denitrification at the base of the aquifer than those predicted at the Chesterville Branch. Simulation results show that a relatively low nitrate discharge to Morgan Creek may be also the result of historically low input of nitrogen at the source. Further, a numerical experiment based on the solutions shows that dilution with nitrate-free groundwaters in a riparian buffer strip could be misinterpreted as nitrate losses. Lumped parameter indices are derived, which estimate the capacity of watersheds and riparian zones for nitrate removal by denitrification and/or other loss pathways, and their variation with aquifer bed slope, stream-aquifer hydraulic and geometric properties, and groundwater recharge is illustrated. Copyright 2001 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Hantush, Mohamed M AU - Marino, Miguel A Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 3177 EP - 3192 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 37 IS - 12 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - Chesapeake Bay KW - watersheds KW - nonpoint sources KW - fluid dynamics KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - Central Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - denitrification KW - hydrodynamics KW - Maryland KW - nitrate ion KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - hydrology KW - Morgan Creek KW - Locust Grove KW - pollutants KW - human activity KW - drainage KW - agriculture KW - pollution KW - Kent County Maryland KW - aquifers KW - models KW - recharge KW - sloping bed KW - unconfined aquifers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50154474?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Analytical+modeling+of+the+influence+of+denitrifying+sediments+on+nitrate+transport+in+aquifers+with+sloping+beds&rft.au=Hantush%2C+Mohamed+M%3BMarino%2C+Miguel+A&rft.aulast=Hantush&rft.aufirst=Mohamed&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2000WR000113 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; aquifers; Atlantic Coastal Plain; Central Atlantic Coastal Plain; Chesapeake Bay; denitrification; drainage; environmental analysis; fluid dynamics; ground water; human activity; hydrodynamics; hydrology; Kent County Maryland; Locust Grove; Maryland; models; Morgan Creek; nitrate ion; nonpoint sources; pollutants; pollution; recharge; sloping bed; solute transport; unconfined aquifers; United States; watersheds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000WR000113 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The relationships of sprawl and ozone air quality in United States' metropolitan areas AN - 19918119; 5322583 AB - This article reports the results of an examination of the relationships between degree of sprawl and improvements in ozone air quality for 52 metropolitan areas in the US. It also examines state political alignment and environmental resources with regard to these two primary objects of investigation. Evidence of a relationship between sprawl and air quality improvement was identified, but the evidence is ambiguous. More research appears warranted to explore the sprawl-air quality improvement relationship. JF - Regional Environmental Change AU - Emison, G A AD - Office of the Chief Financial Officer, US Environmental Protection Agency (MD-35), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, emison.jerry@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 118 EP - 127 VL - 2 IS - 3 SN - 1436-3798, 1436-3798 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Human Population KW - Urbanization KW - Environmental impact KW - Population density KW - Air quality KW - USA KW - Population-environment relations KW - Atmospheric conditions KW - Ozone KW - Urban environments KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M1 110:Population-Environment Relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19918119?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regional+Environmental+Change&rft.atitle=The+relationships+of+sprawl+and+ozone+air+quality+in+United+States%27+metropolitan+areas&rft.au=Emison%2C+G+A&rft.aulast=Emison&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=118&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regional+Environmental+Change&rft.issn=14363798&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Urbanization; Population density; Population-environment relations; Atmospheric conditions; Urban environments; Ozone; Environmental impact; Air quality; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Emission of Chiral Organochlorine Pesticides from Agricultural Soils in the Cornbelt Region of the U.S. AN - 19426490; 5515083 AB - Several organochlorine pesticides are chiral molecules manufactured as racemic mixtures. Past research has shown that selective degradation of pesticide enantiomers by microorganisms occurs resulting in nonracemic signatures in soils. In this work, volatilization of chiral pesticides from soil was investigated to determine if enantioselective breakdown in soils could be used as a source signature to track releases of chiral pesticides to the atmosphere. Air samples were taken directly above agricultural soils at several sites, and enantiomeric signatures were found to be nonracemic following patterns found in the soil. A follow up study at one site showed that for most compounds concentration decreased with increasing height above the soil, while enantiomer fractions for chiral pesticides were similar to that found in the soil, signifying the soil as a source to the air. The enantiomer fractions of ambient air samples from rural nonagricultural areas in the region were also found to be nonracemic. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Leone, AD AU - Amato, S AU - Falconer, R L AD - U.S. EPA, National Exposure Research Lab, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA, rfalconer@chatham.edu Y1 - 2001/12/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Dec 01 SP - 4592 EP - 4596 VL - 35 IS - 23 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Agriculture KW - Atmospheric pollution sources KW - Organochlorine compounds KW - Pesticide emissions from soil KW - Biodegradation KW - Pesticides (organochlorine) KW - Volatilization KW - Pesticide content of air KW - Atmosphere KW - Soil KW - USA KW - Enantiomers KW - Pesticides KW - Emission measurements KW - Air sampling KW - Microorganisms KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - M2 551.501.71:Methods of observation and computation of composition and density including twilight spectrum searchlight methods (551.501.71) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19426490?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Emission+of+Chiral+Organochlorine+Pesticides+from+Agricultural+Soils+in+the+Cornbelt+Region+of+the+U.S.&rft.au=Leone%2C+AD%3BAmato%2C+S%3BFalconer%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Leone&rft.aufirst=AD&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=4592&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Biodegradation; Enantiomers; Microorganisms; Volatilization; Pesticides (organochlorine); Atmosphere; Atmospheric pollution sources; Pesticide emissions from soil; Pesticide content of air; Agriculture; Organochlorine compounds; Pesticides; Air sampling; Emission measurements; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measuring human disturbance using terrestrial invertebrates in the shrub-steppe of eastern Washington (USA) AN - 18620949; 5533518 AB - Hanford Nuclear Reservation in eastern Washington is an ideal place to study biological responses to diverse human activities because minimally disturbed areas of native shrub-steppe exist in close proximity to areas that have been substantially altered. This range of conditions provides an opportunity to test which attributes of terrestrial invertebrate assemblages change systematically along a gradient of human influence and to select from these a set of biological metrics that can be used for site assessment. We sampled invertebrates at 25 sites at or near the Hanford Reservation: some sites showed past or present influence from agriculture, waste disposal, urbanization, or construction; others had a history of minimal human disturbance. We evaluated 57 attributes of terrestrial invertebrate assemblages to determine if they varied systematically with the intensity of human disturbance. Attributes were measured as taxa richness or percentage relative abundance of key taxonomic, trophic, or ecological groups. Ten attributes were consistently associated with disturbance in 3 years of independent sampling, and another 12 attributes were significant in 2 out of 3 years. Those selected as metrics were total number of invertebrate families (1) number of Diptera families (2) taxa richness of Acarina (3) predators (4) detritivores (5) ground-dwellers (6) and percentage relative abundance of detritivores (7); all declined with increasing disturbance. The percentage relative abundance of Collembola (8) and taxa richness (9) and relative abundance (10) of polyphagous Carabidae increased with disturbance. Two metrics (7 and 10) were excluded from further consideration because they were redundant with other metrics (6 and 9). We transformed the remaining eight metrics to a standard scale and added them to yield a multimetric index--a single value summarizing the biological condition of each site. Undisturbed sites had the highest index values; sites with physical disturbance related to construction or waste disposal ranked next; and agricultural sites had the lowest values, indicating the most severe changes in their resident biota. Index values were lower for more frequently disturbed sites, although the time since last disturbance produced no differences in index values. Repeat sampling at five sites indicated that index values varied little across years and that year-to-year differences were smaller at undisturbed than disturbed sites. This first effort to develop a terrestrial monitoring approach modeled after the aquatic index of biological integrity (IBI) shows promise, but validation of the metrics at other places will be needed before a terrestrial index of biological integrity (T-IBI) can reliably guide management, restoration, or policy decisions. JF - Ecological Indicators AU - Kimberling, D N AU - Karr, J R AU - Fore, L S AD - US EPA (NCEA), 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW (8623D), Washington, DC 20460, USA, kimberling.diana@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 63 EP - 81 VL - 1 IS - 2 SN - 1470-160X, 1470-160X KW - Springtails KW - shrub-steppes KW - Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Z 05205:Populations & general ecology KW - D 04001:Methodology - general KW - D 04659:Insects KW - Z 05156:Techniques UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18620949?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Indicators&rft.atitle=Measuring+human+disturbance+using+terrestrial+invertebrates+in+the+shrub-steppe+of+eastern+Washington+%28USA%29&rft.au=Kimberling%2C+D+N%3BKarr%2C+J+R%3BFore%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Kimberling&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Indicators&rft.issn=1470160X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1470-160X%2801%2900009-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1470-160X(01)00009-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Particulate Organic Carbon Patterns in a Mainstem Reservoir, Kentucky Lake, USA AN - 18374372; 5350728 AB - Particulate carbon was measured spatially and temporally in the mainstem and embayments of Kentucky Lake U.S.A., the largest reservoir on the Tennessee River system. Samples were collected on pre-combusted glass fiber filters and particulate carbon and nitrogen determined with a CHN analyzer. An annual cycle was observed in the reservoir mainstem where peak particulate concentrations occurred primarily during the summer (with a yearly average 629 mu g C times L super(-1)). Concentrations of particulate carbon in embayments correlated with differential land-use practices on either side of the reservoir. Primarily agricultural western side embayments had elevated particulate carbon concentrations (1062 mu g C times L super(-1)). Forested eastern side embayments had average particulate carbon concentrations (736 greater than or equal to g C times L super(-1)) that were more comparable to the mainstem. Contributions to summer POC in the reservoir mainstem were mainly from autochthonous sources, while contributions from upstream allochthonous sources were dominant during the winter. JF - Lake and Reservoir Management AU - Yurista, P M AU - Johnston, K AU - Rice, G AU - Kipphut, G W AU - White, D S AD - U.S. EPA (MED) 6201 Congdon Blvd. Duluth MN, 55804-2595, USA Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 330 EP - 340 VL - 17 IS - 4 SN - 0743-8141, 0743-8141 KW - USA, Kentucky, Kentucky L. KW - USA, Tennessee, Kentucky L. KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q2 02185:Organic compounds UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18374372?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lake+and+Reservoir+Management&rft.atitle=Particulate+Organic+Carbon+Patterns+in+a+Mainstem+Reservoir%2C+Kentucky+Lake%2C+USA&rft.au=Yurista%2C+P+M%3BJohnston%2C+K%3BRice%2C+G%3BKipphut%2C+G+W%3BWhite%2C+D+S&rft.aulast=Yurista&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=330&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Lake+and+Reservoir+Management&rft.issn=07438141&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of Hyporheic Organisms in Two Intermittent Streams to Assess a Local Disturbance AN - 18369553; 5342617 AB - Hyporheic pot samplers were used to assess the effects of a uranium contaminated site and its cleanup on the aquatic biota of an intermittent stream. The potentially affected stream was compared with an unaffected stream in an adjacent watershed. All of the sampling locations were dry when samplers were deployed; all but one were dry at retrieval. The communities at the two streams showed a high degree of similarity (0.84 with the Morisita-Horn index). Collembola and Hydracarina were the predominant organisms. The hyporheic zone was not being used as a refugium. JF - Journal of Freshwater Ecology AU - Bartoszek, JE AD - Ohio Environmental Protection Agency, 401 E Fifth St., Dayton, OH 45402, USA Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 575 EP - 580 VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 0270-5060, 0270-5060 KW - Hyporheic organisms KW - Springtails KW - intermittent streams KW - Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Freshwater KW - D 04310:Freshwater KW - Z 05210:Aquatic entomology KW - Q5 01504:Effects on organisms KW - Q1 01462:Benthos UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18369553?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Freshwater+Ecology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+Hyporheic+Organisms+in+Two+Intermittent+Streams+to+Assess+a+Local+Disturbance&rft.au=Bartoszek%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Bartoszek&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=575&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Freshwater+Ecology&rft.issn=02705060&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of Ulva lactuca to identify ammonia toxicity in marine and estuarine sediments AN - 18364870; 5305010 AB - Toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) methods are being developed for use with whole sediments. Although a phase I TIE method has been developed to characterize ammonia toxicity in aqueous samples using the marine macroalga Ulva lactuca, the relationship between amphipod and mysid mortality and uptake by U. lactuca of bedded sediment ammonia had not been explored. Additionally, it was not known how interactions in whole sediments between metal and organic contaminants with U. lactuca and ammonia would affect TIE interpretation. The current study showed that ammonia toxicity to amphipods and mysids was reduced significantly in marine sediments in the presence of U. lactuca. The alga slightly affected metal concentrations but did not alter the concentration of organic contaminants in either overlying or interstitial waters. Conversely, ammonia uptake by U. lactuca was not affected by the presence of metal or organic contaminants in the sediments. When used with other TIE manipulations, U. lactuca can be utilized in a whole-sediment, phase I TIE to remove toxicity due to ammonia. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Pelletier, M C AU - Ho, K T AU - Cantwell, M AU - Kuhn-Hines, A AU - Jayaraman, S AU - Burgess, R M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882, USA, pelletier.peg@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 2852 EP - 2859 VL - 20 IS - 12 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Chlorophyta KW - Pollution effects KW - Ecological Effects KW - Marine environment (see also Sea water) KW - Toxicity tests KW - Marine Sediments KW - Marine environment KW - Mysidae KW - Ulva lactuca KW - Seaweeds KW - Algae KW - Marine KW - Metals KW - Sediment pollution KW - Ammonia KW - Estuaries KW - Brackish KW - Toxicity KW - Contaminated sediments KW - Sediments KW - Marine Algae KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Amphipoda KW - Analytical Methods KW - Algae (Green) (Ulvales) KW - Toxicity (see also Lethal limits) KW - Nitrogen compounds KW - Accumulation KW - Pollution (Water) KW - Toxicity testing KW - K 03099:Pollution KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18364870?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Use+of+Ulva+lactuca+to+identify+ammonia+toxicity+in+marine+and+estuarine+sediments&rft.au=Pelletier%2C+M+C%3BHo%2C+K+T%3BCantwell%2C+M%3BKuhn-Hines%2C+A%3BJayaraman%2C+S%3BBurgess%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Pelletier&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2852&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment pollution; Bioaccumulation; Ammonia; Pollution effects; Seaweeds; Nitrogen compounds; Toxicity tests; Metals; Marine environment; Estuaries; Toxicity testing; Sediments; Algae; Algae (Green) (Ulvales); Toxicity (see also Lethal limits); Pollution (Water); Marine environment (see also Sea water); Contaminated sediments; Marine Sediments; Analytical Methods; Toxicity; Ecological Effects; Accumulation; Marine Algae; Chlorophyta; Amphipoda; Mysidae; Ulva lactuca; Brackish; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Central Queensland serpentine landforms, plant ecology and endemism AN - 18304512; 5356293 AB - Serpentine plant ecology and endemism are compared between upland and lowland landforms in the largest (1000 km super(2)) serpentinite region in eastern Australia. The plant communities and soils of serpentine upland outcrops (older in situ soils) and lowlands (younger depositional soils) are described. High Ni soil groups in the uplands recorded more endemic taxa than lower Ni soil groups in the lowlands. Species richness decreased across soil groups as soil Ni concentration increased. Plant communities on soil groups with Ni concentration >0.4% had a species richness of 18-33 species per 0.1 ha compared to communities on soil groups with <0.3% Ni, which had a species richness of 26-47 spp./0.1 ha. The Central Queensland endemics Stackhousia tryonii and Pimelea leptospermoides are the two hyperaccumulators of Ni occurring on ultramafic soils. Callistemon sp. nov. is a serpentine endemic recorded on lowland wet sites with high soil Mg concentrations. JF - South African Journal of Science AU - Batianoff, G N AU - Singh, S AD - Queensland Herbarium, Environmental Protection Agency, Mt Coot-tha Road, Toowong, Queensland, 4066, Australia, george.batianoff@env.qld.gov.au Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 495 EP - 500 VL - 97 IS - 11-12 SN - 0038-2353, 0038-2353 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Endemic species KW - Australia, Queensland KW - Plants KW - Soils (serpentine) KW - Species richness KW - D 04100:Terrestrial ecosystems - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18304512?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+African+Journal+of+Science&rft.atitle=Central+Queensland+serpentine+landforms%2C+plant+ecology+and+endemism&rft.au=Batianoff%2C+G+N%3BSingh%2C+S&rft.aulast=Batianoff&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=11-12&rft.spage=495&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=South+African+Journal+of+Science&rft.issn=00382353&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australia, Queensland; Soils (serpentine); Endemic species; Plants; Species richness ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Personal exposures to PM sub(2.5) mass and trace elements in Baltimore, MD, USA AN - 18261962; 5314463 AB - In a recent study, EPA found a significant relationship between PM sub(2.5) mass measurements at a community site and personal exposure samples in a Towson, MD retirement facility. This manuscript builds upon the mass concentration results by evaluating the exposure relationships with the elemental composition of the PM sub(2.5) mass. Daily community, outdoor, and indoor PM sub(2.5) were measured with a URG Versatile Air Pollutant Sampler (VAPS). Daily personal and apartment PM sub(2.5) samples were collected with a Marple Personal Exposure Monitor (PEM). Only subjects with the most complete data records (n = 10) were used in this analysis. Significant differences were found between the VAPS and PEM samplers for PM sub(2.5) elemental composition, so all subsequent analyses were conducted independently for each of the data sets. Both the VAPS and PEM samples were analyzed with energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (XRF). In addition, the VAPS samples were analyzed for pH, major ions, and elemental/organic carbon. The spatial correlation coefficients between the community and outdoor monitor, and the indoor infiltration rates were calculated for several PM sub(2.5) constituents calculated from the VAPS samples including sulfate, nitrate, trace element oxides, soil, and NaCl. The spatial correlations for most PM sub(2.5) constituents were good (e.g. sulfate (r super(2) = 0.99)), with the exception of soil (r super(2) = 0.40). Infiltration rates of the PM sub(2.5) constituents were determined by linear regression analysis and varied according to particle size. Infiltration rates ranged from 0.41 (r super(2) = 0.98) for sulfate to 0.09 (r super(2) = 0.83) for nitrate. Outdoor, central indoor, apartment, and personal exposures PEM samples were also evaluated using a linear mixed effects model and median Pearson correlation coefficients. The modeling results indicate that personal exposures to PM sub(2.5) and sulfate were strongly associated with outdoor concentrations. Conversely, personal exposures to soil and trace element oxides were not significantly correlated to outdoor concentrations. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Landis AU - Norris, G A AU - Williams, R W AU - Weinstein, J P AD - US EPA National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, landis.matthew@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 6511 EP - 6524 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 35 IS - 36 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Sulfates KW - Indoor air pollution KW - Organic carbon KW - Statistical analysis KW - Particulates KW - USA, Maryland, Baltimore KW - Trace elements KW - Air sampling KW - Trace elements in atmosphere KW - Atmospheric pollution samplers KW - pH KW - Particulate matter in atmosphere measurements KW - Ions KW - Nitrates KW - Ion composition of aerosols KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Infiltration KW - Organic carbon in atmosphere KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.584.61:Indoor climates (551.584.61) KW - M2 551.508.951:Instruments for measuring air pollution (551.508.951) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18261962?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Personal+exposures+to+PM+sub%282.5%29+mass+and+trace+elements+in+Baltimore%2C+MD%2C+USA&rft.au=Landis%3BNorris%2C+G+A%3BWilliams%2C+R+W%3BWeinstein%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Landis&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=36&rft.spage=6511&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Maryland, Baltimore; Particulates; Trace elements; pH; Ions; Organic carbon; Sulfates; Nitrates; Atmospheric chemistry; Air sampling; Infiltration; Indoor air pollution; Particulate matter in atmosphere measurements; Atmospheric pollution samplers; Trace elements in atmosphere; Organic carbon in atmosphere; Ion composition of aerosols; Statistical analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating the performance of regional-scale photochemical modeling systems. Part III--Precursor predictions AN - 18260576; 5316815 AB - Two regional-scale photochemical modeling systems, RAMS/UAM-V and MM5/MAQSIP, are used to simulate precursor concentrations for 4 June-31 August 1995 period. The time series of simulated and observed precursor concentrations are spectrally decomposed into intra-day, diurnal, synoptic, and longer-term (baseline) forcings and compared on each time scale. The results reveal that the observed and modeled precursor concentrations are uncorrelated on the intra-day time scale for both modeling systems while correlations are higher on longer time scales. In observations, the variability in NO sub(x) concentrations is dominated by the diurnal and synoptic-scale processes, while NO sub(y) is found to vary most on the synoptic time scale. In observations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), the variability is dominated by the diurnal and synoptic processes for both biogenic and anthropogenic hydrocarbons. The pattern seen in the observations, in terms of the relative contribution of different temporal components to the total variance, is better captured by the two modeling systems for NO sub(y) than for NO sub(x) and VOCs. There are differences between model predictions and observations in terms of the actual magnitudes of variances of each temporal component. These results suggest the need to cover longer time periods in modeling simulations to resolve longer-term processes, because they seem to play a dominant role in dictating the precursor variability. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Biswas, J AU - Hogrefe, C AU - Rao, ST AU - Hao, W AU - Sistla, G AD - Office of Science and Technology, New York State, Department of Environmental Conservation, 625 Broadway, Albany, NY 12233-3259, USA, strao@dec.state.ny.us Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 6129 EP - 6149 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 35 IS - 35 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Atmospheric pollution variations KW - Mathematical models KW - Volatile organic compounds in atmosphere KW - Simulation KW - Nitrogen oxides in atmosphere KW - Nitrogen oxides KW - Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) KW - Photochemicals KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Mesoscale models KW - Photochemical air quality models KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - M2 551.510.43:Photochemical Processes (551.510.43) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.510.421.35:Non-cyclic (551.510.421.35) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18260576?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Evaluating+the+performance+of+regional-scale+photochemical+modeling+systems.+Part+III--Precursor+predictions&rft.au=Biswas%2C+J%3BHogrefe%2C+C%3BRao%2C+ST%3BHao%2C+W%3BSistla%2C+G&rft.aulast=Biswas&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=35&rft.spage=6129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Photochemicals; Simulation; Nitrogen oxides; Volatile organic compounds; Mathematical models; Atmospheric chemistry; Photochemical air quality models; Nitrogen oxides in atmosphere; Volatile organic compounds in atmosphere; Atmospheric pollution variations; Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS); Mesoscale models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Performance evaluation of the portable MiniVOL particulate matter sampler AN - 18255757; 5316811 AB - The MiniVOL sampler is a popular choice for use in air quality assessments because it is portable and inexpensive relative to fixed site monitors. However, little data exist on the performance characteristics of the sampler. The reliability, precision, and comparability of the portable MiniVOL PM sub(10) and PM sub(2.5) sampler under typical ambient conditions are described in this paper. Results indicate that the MiniVOL (a) operated reliably and (b) yielded statistically similar concentration measurements when co-located with another MiniVOL (r super(2) = 0.96 for PM sub(10) measurements and r super(2) = 0.95 for PM sub(2.5) measurements). Thus, the characterization of spatial distributions of PM sub(10) and PM sub(2.5) mass concentrations with the MiniVOL can be accomplished with a high level of confidence. The MiniVOL also produced statistically comparable results when co-located with a Dichotomous Sampler (r super(2) = 0.83 for PM sub(10) measurements and r super(2) = 0.85 for PM sub(2.5) measurements) and a continuous mass sampling system (r super(2) = 0.90 for PM sub(10) measurements). Environmental factors such as ambient concentration, wind speed, temperature, and humidity may influence the relative measurement comparability between these sampling systems. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Baldauf, R W AU - Lane, D D AU - Marotz, G A AU - Wiener, R W AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, 2000 Traverwood Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA, baldauf.richard@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 6087 EP - 6091 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 35 IS - 35 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - MiniVOL KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Instrument performance KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Air sampling KW - Particulate matter samplers KW - Particulates KW - Atmospheric pollution instrumentation comparisons KW - Sampling instruments KW - M2 551.501.6:Methods of data control. Quality control (551.501.6) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.508:Instruments (551.508) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18255757?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Performance+evaluation+of+the+portable+MiniVOL+particulate+matter+sampler&rft.au=Baldauf%2C+R+W%3BLane%2C+D+D%3BMarotz%2C+G+A%3BWiener%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Baldauf&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=35&rft.spage=6087&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air sampling; Sampling instruments; Particulates; Atmospheric chemistry; Particulate matter samplers; Atmospheric pollution instrumentation comparisons; Instrument performance ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Flue Gas Desulfurization: The State of the Art AN - 18249087; 5310528 AB - Coal-fired electricity-generating plants may use SO sub(2) scrubbers to meet the requirements of Phase II of the Acid Rain SO sub(2) Reduction Program. Additionally, the use of scrubbers can result in reduction of Hg and other emissions from combustion sources. It is timely, therefore, to examine the current status of SO sub(2) scrubbing technologies. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the state of the art in flue gas desulfurization (FGD) technologies for coal-fired boilers. Data on worldwide FGD applications reveal that wet FGD technologies, and specifically wet limestone FGD, have been predominantly selected over other FGD technologies. However, lime spray drying (LSD) is being used at the majority of the plants employing dry FGD technologies. Additional review of the U.S. FGD technology applications that began operation in 1991 through 1995 reveals that FGD processes of choice recently in the United States have been wet limestone FGD, magnesium-enhanced lime (MEL), and LSD. Further, of the wet limestone processes, limestone forced oxidation (LSFO) has been used most often in recent applications. The SO sub(2) removal performance of scrubbers has been reviewed. Data reflect that most wet limestone and LSD installations appear to be capable of similar to 90% SO sub(2) removal. Advanced, state-of-the-art wet scrubbers can provide SO sub(2) removal in excess of 95%. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Srivastava, R K AU - Jozewicz, W AD - Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 1676 EP - 1688 VL - 51 IS - 12 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Limestone KW - Combustion products KW - Coal KW - Utilities KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Flue gas desulfurization KW - Scrubbers KW - Oxidation KW - Power plants KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18249087?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Flue+Gas+Desulfurization%3A+The+State+of+the+Art&rft.au=Srivastava%2C+R+K%3BJozewicz%2C+W&rft.aulast=Srivastava&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1676&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Flue gas desulfurization; Coal; Combustion products; Power plants; Utilities; Oxidation; Limestone; Sulfur dioxide; Scrubbers ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vitro dermal absorption of flame retardant chemicals AN - 18245936; 5304104 AB - Flame retardant chemicals may be used in furniture fabric in the future to reduce the flammability of the fabric. As a part of the process to evaluate the potential for exposure to these chemicals, this study examined the in vitro dermal absorption of two flame retardant chemicals. The chemicals were [ super(14)C]decabromodiphenyl oxide (DBDPO) and [ super(14)C]tris-(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate (TDCP). Skin from the adult hairless female mouse (SKH1) was removed and mounted in flow-through diffusion cells. The chemicals, at three dose levels (DBDPO: 6, 30 and 60 nmol; TDCP: 20, 100 and 200 pmol), were applied in a volatile vehicle (tetrahydrofuran for DBDPO; acetone for TDCP) to the skin. Fractions of receptor fluid, pumped below the skin, were collected over a 24-h period. The skin was washed with solvent (tetrahydrofuran for DBDPO; ethanol for TDCP) to remove unabsorbed chemical 24 h after application. The receptor fluid, skin wash and skin were analyzed for chemical-derived radioactivity. The skin from the high-dose group of both chemicals, and the receptor fluid from TDCP high-dose samples, were analyzed for parent compound and metabolites by HPLC. The 24-h cumulative percent of the dose of DBDPO in the receptor fluid was very low (0.07-0.34%). The applied dose of DBDPO detected in the skin ranged from 2 to 20%. The lowest dose of DBDPO had the highest percentage of the dose (20%) in the skin. The major portion of the applied dose was removed by washing the skin 24 h after application of DBDPO, and ranged from 77 to 92%. HPLC analysis of homogenate extract prepared from the high-dose of DBDPO-treated skin showed the presence of DBDPO and a minor unknown peak. TDCP was readily detected in the receptor fluid; 39-57% of the applied dose of TDCP was in the receptor fluid by 24 h. The solvent wash removed 11-25% of the dose from the skin and 28-35% remained in it. HPLC analysis of the skin homogenate extract and receptor fluid extract from the TDCP high-dose treated samples showed the presence of parent compound and a minor unknown peak. TDCP more readily penetrated hairless mouse skin and diffused into the receptor fluid than DBDPO. TDCP has a lower molecular weight and log octanol:water partition coefficent than DBDPO. The differences in the physico-chemical properties of these two chemicals most likely explains their dissimilar absorption through hairless mouse skin. JF - Food and Chemical Toxicology AU - Hughes, M F AU - Edwards, B C AU - Mitchell, C T AU - Bhooshan, B AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, hughes.michaelf@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 1263 EP - 1270 VL - 39 IS - 12 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - mice KW - in vitro KW - decabromodiphenyl oxide KW - flame retardent chemicals KW - tris-(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Fabrics KW - Skin KW - Household products KW - Absorption KW - X 24140:Cosmetics, toiletries & household products UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18245936?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.atitle=In+vitro+dermal+absorption+of+flame+retardant+chemicals&rft.au=Hughes%2C+M+F%3BEdwards%2C+B+C%3BMitchell%2C+C+T%3BBhooshan%2C+B&rft.aulast=Hughes&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1263&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Household products; Fabrics; Skin; Absorption ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-range transport of yellow sand to Taiwan in Spring 2000: observed evidence and simulation AN - 18244325; 5303292 AB - More than 10 Asian dust storms occurring in Spring 2000 were found to transport dust long distances, with some fallout reaching as far as Taiwan. An air quality data set from Taiwan clearly shows that long-range transport of yellow-sand results in air quality in Taiwan, which is categorized as "Unhealthy" or "Very Unhealthy". Backward trajectory analysis indicates that, for air parcels that arrived over Taiwan on 28 April, two or three days are required for transport from source regions, such as Inner Mongolia, a territory that is becoming a desert as a result of over-use and destruction of vegetation cover by human occupants. Furthermore, a 3-D long-range transport model for yellow sand, with an advanced size-dependent deflation module and driven by the NCAR/Penn State Fifth-Generation Mesoscale Model (MM5), is used to identify the long-range transport of yellow sand to Taiwan in April. Comparisons between observations and model calculations indicate that the model is able to reproduce some key features of the long-range transport. Transport of yellow sand to Taiwan is found to occur most easily when dust storms occurring in north China are accompanied by a high-pressure system located over the west of Japan. The high concentrations of yellow sand transported over Taiwan are usually between 500 and 1500 m high, not at the surface. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Lin, Ta-Hsiung AD - Institute of Geography, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan, thlin@sun.epa.gov.tw Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 5873 EP - 5882 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 35 IS - 34 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - yellow sand KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Taiwan KW - Dust storms KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Environmental health KW - Dust KW - Air pollution KW - Long-range transport of dust KW - M2 551.556:Wind Effects (551.556) KW - H 3000:Environment and Ecology KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.555:Specific Locations (551.555) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18244325?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Long-range+transport+of+yellow+sand+to+Taiwan+in+Spring+2000%3A+observed+evidence+and+simulation&rft.au=Lin%2C+Ta-Hsiung&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=Ta-Hsiung&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=34&rft.spage=5873&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Asia, Africa/The Middle East and Australia. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Taiwan; Dust; Air pollution; Pollution dispersion; Environmental health; Long-range transport of dust; Dust storms ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using base-specific Salmonella tester strains to characterize the types of mutation induced by benzidine and benzidine congeners after reductive metabolism AN - 18241610; 5304103 AB - Although benzidine (Bz), 4-aminobiphenyl (ABP), 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine HCl (DCBz), 3,3'-dimethylbenzidine (DMBz), 3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine (DMOBz) and the benzidine congener-based dye trypan blue (TB) produce primarily frameshift mutations in Salmonella typhimurium, the base-substitution strain TA100 also responds to these compounds when S9 is present. Performing DNA sequence analysis, other investigators have shown that ABP induces frameshift, base-pair and complex mutations. Also, it was found that an uninduced hamster liver S9 preparation with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, FMN, NADH and four times glucose 6-phosphate gave a stronger mutagenic response than the conventional plate incorporation with rat S9 activation mixture for all the compounds tested. Using the base-specific tester strains of S. typhimurium (TA7001-TA7006) with the above reductive metabolic activation system, we surveyed these compounds for the ability to produce specific base-pair substitutions after reductive metabolism. Bz was weakly mutagenic in TA7005 (0.04 revertants/ mu g). ABP was mutagenic in TA7002 (1.4 revertants/ mu g), TA7004 (0.6 revertants/ mu g), TA7005 (2.98 revertants/ mu g) and TA7006 (0.4 revertants/ mu g). DCBz was weakly mutagenic in TA7004 (0.01 revertants/ mu g). It was concluded that benzidine induced some CG- > AT transversions in addition to frameshift mutations. ABP induced TA- > AT, CG- > AT, and CG- > GC transversions as well as GC- > AT transitions. DCBz induced only GC- > AT transitions. Because DMBz, DMOBz and TB were not mutagenic in this base-substitution mutagen detection system, their mutagenic activity was attributed strictly to frameshift mechanisms. JF - Food and Chemical Toxicology AU - Claxton, L D AU - Hughes, T J AU - Chung, K-T AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, claxton.larry@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 1253 EP - 1261 VL - 39 IS - 12 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - congeners KW - benzidine KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Dyes KW - Ames test KW - Salmonella typhimurium KW - Mutation KW - Mutagenesis KW - X 24155:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18241610?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Using+base-specific+Salmonella+tester+strains+to+characterize+the+types+of+mutation+induced+by+benzidine+and+benzidine+congeners+after+reductive+metabolism&rft.au=Claxton%2C+L+D%3BHughes%2C+T+J%3BChung%2C+K-T&rft.aulast=Claxton&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1253&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Salmonella typhimurium; Dyes; Mutation; Mutagenesis; Ames test ER - TY - JOUR T1 - ICCVAM Evaluation of the Murine Local Lymph Node Assay AN - 18227484; 5295341 AB - New test methods are being developed to improve the prediction of human and environmental risks and to benefit animal welfare by reducing, refining, and replacing animal use. Regulatory adoption of new test methods is often a complex and protracted process, requiring test method validation, regulatory acceptance, and implementation. Assessments of new test methods have not always been uniform within or among regulatory agencies. Thus, there have been increased pressures for a harmonized approach to test method evaluation and acceptance. In 1997, in response to these pressures and to U.S. Public Law 103-43, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) established the Interagency Coordinating Committee on the Validation of Alternative Methods (ICCVAM) to coordinate interagency consideration of new and revised test methods. This article describes the validation and acceptance criteria and process used for the first test method evaluated by ICCVAM, the murine local lymph node assay (LLNA). Based on ICCVAM's conclusions and recommendations, the LLNA has been accepted by U.S. regulatory agencies as a stand-alone assay for allergic contact dermatitis. Two related articles in this series of three present the results of the independent peer review evaluation of the LLNA and summarize the performance characteristics of the database substantiating the validity of the LLNA. JF - Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology AU - Sailstad, D M AU - Hattan, D AU - Hill, R N AU - Stokes, W S AD - Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Experimental Toxicology Division, U.S. EPA, MD 92, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 27711 Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 249 EP - 257 PB - Academic Press VL - 34 IS - 3 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - mice KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - International standards KW - Government policy KW - Standards KW - Toxicity testing KW - Lymph nodes KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18227484?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+Toxicology+and+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=ICCVAM+Evaluation+of+the+Murine+Local+Lymph+Node+Assay&rft.au=Sailstad%2C+D+M%3BHattan%2C+D%3BHill%2C+R+N%3BStokes%2C+W+S&rft.aulast=Sailstad&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=249&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+Toxicology+and+Pharmacology&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/10.1006%2Frtph.2001.1496 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Standards; Government policy; Risk assessment; Lymph nodes; Toxicity testing; International standards DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/rtph.2001.1496 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ant communities and livestock grazing in the Great Basin, U.S.A. AN - 18224834; 5289323 AB - The objectives of this study were to determine if metrics for ant species assemblages can be used as indicators of rangeland condition, and to determine the influence of vegetation and ground cover variables, factors often influenced by livestock grazing, on ant communities. The study was conducted in two areas in the Great Basin: a sagebrush-steppe in southeastern Idaho (n=30 sites), and a salt-desert shrub in western Utah (n=27 sites). Sites were selected based on known rangeland condition (i.e. good, fair, poor) associated with livestock grazing. Ant communities differed considerably between the two study areas. Collectively, more ant species occurred at the Idaho sites (30) than at the Utah sites (21), relatively few species (eight) occurred in both areas, species richness was significantly greater at the Idaho sites (mean=12.0 species) than the Utah sites (mean=6.9 species), and Formica spp. were diverse (total of 15 species) at the Idaho sites but rare (one species) at the Utah sites. In Idaho, all species collectively, generalists, and Formica spp. were significantly less abundant on sites in poor condition than that on sites in good or fair condition, whereas in Utah, seed harvesters and Pheidole spp. were significantly more abundant on sites in poor condition than that on sites in good or fair condition. In Idaho, species richness was significantly lower on sites in poor condition. In Idaho, species richness and relative abundances of several ant groups were significantly related to bare patch size and parameters for cover or species richness of several vegetation groups. In contrast to the comparisons involving sites in poor condition, no differences in ant communities in either Idaho or Utah were evident between sites in good and fair condition. Thus, the ant communities responded only to large changes in rangeland condition and to large differences in climatic/edaphic conditions between the two areas. Hence, ant community metrics appear to have limited utility as indicators of rangeland condition in the Great Basin. Copyright 2001 Academic Press. JF - Journal of Arid Environments AU - Nash AU - Whitford, W G AU - Bradford, D F AU - Franson, SE AU - Neale, A C AU - Heggem, D T AD - US EPA, Las Vegas, NV, 89193-3478, U.S.A. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 695 EP - 710 PB - Academic Press VL - 49 IS - 4 SN - 0140-1963, 0140-1963 KW - Ants KW - Hymenoptera KW - Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - USA, Utah KW - Grazing KW - Formicidae KW - Range management KW - Livestock KW - Rangelands KW - Community composition KW - USA, Idaho KW - Indicator species KW - D 04700:Management KW - Z 05205:Populations & general ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18224834?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Arid+Environments&rft.atitle=Ant+communities+and+livestock+grazing+in+the+Great+Basin%2C+U.S.A.&rft.au=Nash%3BWhitford%2C+W+G%3BBradford%2C+D+F%3BFranson%2C+SE%3BNeale%2C+A+C%3BHeggem%2C+D+T&rft.aulast=Nash&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=695&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Arid+Environments&rft.issn=01401963&rft_id=info:doi/10.1006%2Fjare.2001.0824 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Formicidae; USA, Idaho; USA, Utah; Community composition; Grazing; Rangelands; Livestock; Indicator species; Range management DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jare.2001.0824 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developing and applying a benthic index of estuarine condition for the Virginian Biogeographic Province AN - 17678006; 5533519 AB - A benthic index of estuarine condition was constructed for the Virginian Biogeographic Province (from Cape Cod, Massachusetts, to the mouth of Chesapeake Bay, Virginia) with data collected during summers of 1990 through 1993 by the US EPA's Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP). Forty-eight metrics, based on attributes of the macrobenthos, were considered for the index, including measures of biodiversity, community condition, individual health, functional organization, and taxonomic composition. Salinity was correlated significantly with some of the metrics. Therefore, some metrics were normalized for salinity. The data used to develop the index (the calibration data) included equal numbers of reference and degraded sites, distributed equally across three salinity zones (18%ppt). An independent set of data was used for validation. Linear discriminant analysis identified combinations of metrics that could best discriminate reference from degraded sites. The targets for correct classification were 90% of the sites for the calibration data and 80% for the validation data. Six combinations of metrics were identified. The final index was based on the ecological interpretation and relevance of the individual metrics and the ability to meet the calibration and validation targets. The final index consisted of three metrics: a positive contribution from salinity-normalized Gleason's D (a biodiversity metric), and negative contributions from two taxonomic composition metrics, abundances of spionid polychaetes and of salinity-normalized tubificid oligochaetes. The index correctly classified 87% of reference and 90% of degraded sites in the calibration data and 88% of reference and 81% of degraded sites in the validation data. The index correctly classified sites over the full range of salinity (tidal-fresh to marine waters) and across grain sizes (silt-clay to sand). JF - Ecological Indicators AU - Paul, J F AU - Scott, K J AU - Campbell, DE AU - Gentile, J H AU - Strobel, C S AU - Valente, R M AU - Weisberg, S B AU - Holland, A F AU - Ranasinghe, JA AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA, paul.john@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 83 EP - 99 VL - 1 IS - 2 SN - 1470-160X, 1470-160X KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04099:Ecosystem studies - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17678006?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Indicators&rft.atitle=Developing+and+applying+a+benthic+index+of+estuarine+condition+for+the+Virginian+Biogeographic+Province&rft.au=Paul%2C+J+F%3BScott%2C+K+J%3BCampbell%2C+DE%3BGentile%2C+J+H%3BStrobel%2C+C+S%3BValente%2C+R+M%3BWeisberg%2C+S+B%3BHolland%2C+A+F%3BRanasinghe%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Paul&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Indicators&rft.issn=1470160X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1470-160X%2801%2900010-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1470-160X(01)00010-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applicability of indicator monitoring to ecological risk assessment AN - 17677661; 5533520 AB - Although ecological risk assessment (ERA) and environmental monitoring would seem to be potentially complimentary activities, they have been disjunct in practice. This is because of differences in goals and products. Environmental monitoring determines status and trends in indicators to determine whether the environment is improving. ERA estimates effects of stressors on endpoint attributes to support decision making. Indicators are, by definition, indicative of some unmeasured condition. Assessment endpoints are valued properties of the environment that are susceptible to stressors of concern. Indicators are justified by the logic of the monitoring program, which may be self-referential. Assessment endpoints are justified by their potential susceptibility and by environmental policies and public values. Indicators are often expressed in terms of indices or scores that obscure the actual condition of the environment. Because assessment endpoints must be clear to decision makers and the public, they require real units of actual environmental properties. Monitoring programs are peripherally concerned about causal relationships, while risk assessment is devoted to elucidating causal relationships. As a result, risk assessments may use the results of monitoring studies, but only after disaggregating the indicators to their components and choosing those that are appropriate. Monitoring programs could be more useful if they used a risk-based approach to address important problems rather than simply tracking indicators. JF - Ecological Indicators AU - Suter, GW II AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA, suter.glenn@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 101 EP - 112 VL - 1 IS - 2 SN - 1470-160X, 1470-160X KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04099:Ecosystem studies - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17677661?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Indicators&rft.atitle=Applicability+of+indicator+monitoring+to+ecological+risk+assessment&rft.au=Suter%2C+GW+II&rft.aulast=Suter&rft.aufirst=GW&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Indicators&rft.issn=1470160X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1470-160X%2801%2900011-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1470-160X(01)00011-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - To trade or not to trade? Criteria for applying cap and trade. AN - 71371346; 12805840 AB - The use of emissions trading (cap and trade) is gaining worldwide recognition as an extremely effective policy tool. The U.S. Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) Emissions Trading Program has achieved an unprecedented level of environmental protection in a cost-effective manner. The successful results of the program have led domestic and foreign governments to consider the application of cap and trade to address other air quality issues. Certain analyses are particularly important in determining whether or not cap and trade is an appropriate policy tool. This paper offers a set of questions that can be used as criteria for determining whether or not cap and trade is the preferred policy approach to an environmental problem. JF - TheScientificWorldJournal AU - Benkovic, S AU - Kruger, J AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Benkovic.Stephanie@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2001/11/30/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Nov 30 SP - 953 EP - 957 VL - 1 Suppl 2 KW - Acid Rain KW - 0 KW - Air Pollutants KW - Sulfur Dioxide KW - 0UZA3422Q4 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Environment KW - Sulfur Dioxide -- analysis KW - Acid Rain -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Air Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Air Pollution -- economics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71371346?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TheScientificWorldJournal&rft.atitle=To+trade+or+not+to+trade%3F+Criteria+for+applying+cap+and+trade.&rft.au=Benkovic%2C+S%3BKruger%2C+J&rft.aulast=Benkovic&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-11-30&rft.volume=1+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=953&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=TheScientificWorldJournal&rft.issn=1537-744X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-04-05 N1 - Date created - 2003-06-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developing seasonal ammonia emission estimates with an inverse modeling technique. AN - 71374077; 12805797 AB - Significant uncertainty exists in magnitude and variability of ammonia (NH3) emissions, which are needed for air quality modeling of aerosols and deposition of nitrogen compounds. Approximately 85% of NH3 emissions are estimated to come from agricultural nonpoint sources. We suspect a strong seasonal pattern in NH 3 emissions; however, current NH3 emission inventories lack intra-annual variability. Annually averaged NH 3 emissions could significantly affect model-predicted concentrations and wet and dry deposition of nitrogen-containing compounds. We apply a Kalman filter inverse modeling technique to deduce monthly NH3 emissions for the eastern U.S. Final products of this research will include monthly emissions estimates from each season. Results for January and June 1990 are currently available and are presented here. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model and ammonium (NH4+) wet concentration data from the National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP) network are used. The inverse modeling technique estimates the emission adjustments that provide optimal modeled results with respect to wet NH4+ concentrations, observational data error, and emission uncertainty. Our results suggest that annual average NH 3 emissions estimates should be decreased by 64% for January 1990 and increased by 25% for June 1990. These results illustrate the strong differences that are anticipated for NH3 emissions. JF - TheScientificWorldJournal AU - Gilliland, A B AU - Dennis, R L AU - Roselle, S J AU - Pierce, T E AU - Bender, L E AD - NOAA Air Resources Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. gilliland.alice@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/11/21/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Nov 21 SP - 356 EP - 362 VL - 1 Suppl 2 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Quaternary Ammonium Compounds KW - Ammonia KW - 7664-41-7 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Quaternary Ammonium Compounds -- metabolism KW - Agriculture -- trends KW - Environment KW - Animals KW - Agriculture -- methods KW - Air Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Environmental Monitoring -- statistics & numerical data KW - Likelihood Functions KW - Southeastern United States KW - Animals, Domestic -- metabolism KW - New England KW - Agriculture -- statistics & numerical data KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- statistics & numerical data KW - Ammonia -- metabolism KW - Seasons KW - Models, Statistical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71374077?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TheScientificWorldJournal&rft.atitle=Developing+seasonal+ammonia+emission+estimates+with+an+inverse+modeling+technique.&rft.au=Gilliland%2C+A+B%3BDennis%2C+R+L%3BRoselle%2C+S+J%3BPierce%2C+T+E%3BBender%2C+L+E&rft.aulast=Gilliland&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-11-21&rft.volume=1+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=356&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=TheScientificWorldJournal&rft.issn=1537-744X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-04-15 N1 - Date created - 2003-06-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Arsenate and arsenite removal by zerovalent iron: effects of phosphate, silicate, carbonate, borate, sulfate, chromate, molybdate, and nitrate, relative to chloride. AN - 72331597; 11757617 AB - Batch tests were performed to evaluate the effects of inorganic anion competition on the kinetics of arsenate (As(V)) and arsenite (As(III)) removal by zerovalent iron (Peerless Fe0) in aqueous solution. The oxyanions underwent either sorption-dominated reactions (phosphate, silicate, carbonate, borate, and sulfate) or reduction-dominated reactions (chromate, molybdate, and nitrate) with Peerless Fe0 in the presence of As(V) or As(III), relative to chloride. Pseudo-first-order rate equations were found to describe satisfactorily both As(V) and As(III) removal kinetics in the presence of each competing anion. Of the oxyanions tested for Peerless Fe0 in the pH range from 7 to 9, phosphate caused the greatest decrease in As removal rate (7.0 x 10(-3) to 18.5 x 10(-3) h(-1)) relative to chloride (34.9 x 10(-3) to 36.2 x 10(-3) h(-1)). Silicate, chromate, and molybdate also caused strong inhibition of As removal, followed by carbonate and nitrate, whereas borate and sulfate only caused slight inhibition to As(III) removal. Present results show that Peerless Fe0 may be an excellent permeable reactive barrier medium for a suite of mixed inorganic contaminants. The anion competing effects should be considered when designing permeable reactive barriers composed of zerovalent iron for field applications to remediate As(V) and As(III). JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Su, C AU - Puls, R W AD - ManTech Environmental Research Services Corp, Ada, Oklahoma 74821-1198, USA. su.chunming@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/11/15/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Nov 15 SP - 4562 EP - 4568 VL - 35 IS - 22 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Arsenates KW - 0 KW - Arsenites KW - Borates KW - Carbonates KW - Chlorides KW - Chromates KW - Nitrates KW - Phosphates KW - Silicates KW - Sulfates KW - Teratogens KW - molybdate KW - 14259-85-9 KW - Molybdenum KW - 81AH48963U KW - Iron KW - E1UOL152H7 KW - arsenite KW - N5509X556J KW - arsenic acid KW - N7CIZ75ZPN KW - Index Medicus KW - Silicates -- chemistry KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Carbonates -- chemistry KW - Phosphates -- chemistry KW - Kinetics KW - Chlorides -- chemistry KW - Molybdenum -- chemistry KW - Adsorption KW - Chromates -- chemistry KW - Borates -- chemistry KW - Sulfates -- chemistry KW - Nitrates -- chemistry KW - Arsenates -- chemistry KW - Iron -- chemistry KW - Teratogens -- chemistry KW - Arsenites -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72331597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Arsenate+and+arsenite+removal+by+zerovalent+iron%3A+effects+of+phosphate%2C+silicate%2C+carbonate%2C+borate%2C+sulfate%2C+chromate%2C+molybdate%2C+and+nitrate%2C+relative+to+chloride.&rft.au=Su%2C+C%3BPuls%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Su&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-11-15&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=4562&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-04-30 N1 - Date created - 2001-12-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Passive ozone network of Dallas: a modeling opportunity with community involvement. 2. AN - 72329772; 11757597 AB - Attaining the current lower tropospheric U.S. ozone standards continues to be a difficult task for many areas in the U.S. Concentrations of ozone above the standards negatively affects human health, agricultural crops, forests, and other ecosystem elements. This paper describes year two (1999) of a regional networking of passive and continuous ozone monitoring sites in the Dallas-Fort Worth (DFW) Metroplex region. The objectives of the second year of study were to (1) validate conclusions of the 1998 Passive Ozone Network of Dallas (POND) I study, (2) define the value of taking 12-h diurnal samples in addition to 24-h samples, and (3) add to the scientific knowledge base of rural/urban ozone comparison studies. Results of the POND II (1999) study demonstrated that ozone concentrations exceeding the new 8-h ozone standard could be recorded at least 130 km, or 80 miles, from the DFW Metroplex core in more rural areas. In addition, results of the POND II study indicated that ozone concentrations exceeding the 8-h standard probably occurred in areas recording a 12-h daytime ozone concentration above 60 parts per billion (ppb). The 12-h passive ozone data from POND II also suggests the relative magnitude of anthropogenic pollution influence could be assessed for rural passive ozone sites. The data from the POND II study provide modelers a rich database for future photochemical subgrid development for the DFW ozone nonattainment area. Indeed, the POND database provides a great amount of additional ozone ambient data covering 26 8-h and 13 1-h ozone standard exceedance days over an approximate 25000 km2 region. These data should help decrease uncertainties derived from future DFW ozone model exercises. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Sather, M E AU - Varns, J L AU - Mulik, J D AU - Glen, G AU - Smith, L AU - Stallings, C AD - Air Quality Analysis Section, US EPA Region 6, Dallas, Texas 75202, USA. sather.mark@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/11/15/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Nov 15 SP - 4426 EP - 4435 VL - 35 IS - 22 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Oxidants, Photochemical KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Cities KW - Reference Values KW - Public Health KW - Humans KW - Texas KW - Geography KW - Community-Institutional Relations KW - Ozone -- analysis KW - Databases, Factual KW - Oxidants, Photochemical -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72329772?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Passive+ozone+network+of+Dallas%3A+a+modeling+opportunity+with+community+involvement.+2.&rft.au=Sather%2C+M+E%3BVarns%2C+J+L%3BMulik%2C+J+D%3BGlen%2C+G%3BSmith%2C+L%3BStallings%2C+C&rft.aulast=Sather&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-11-15&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=4426&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-04-30 N1 - Date created - 2001-12-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationships between tissue contaminants and defense-related characteristics of oysters (Crassostrea virginica) from five Florida bays. AN - 72189229; 11595310 AB - Evidence linking bivalve defense responses with pollutant exposure is increasing. Contaminant effects on immune or defense responses could influence the ability of an organism to resist infectious disease. This study explored relationships between xenobiotic chemicals accumulated in oyster (Crassostrea virginica) tissue and various measures of putative oyster internal defense activities and physiological condition. Defense-related and physiological measurements were made on individual oysters collected from 22 sites at five Florida bays and pooled oyster tissue from each site was analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), metals and certain pesticides. Chemical concentrations, physiological condition, and hemocyte and hemolymph characteristics varied across bays and among sites within a bay. Within-bay comparisons showed that sites with high oyster defense-related activities often had accompanying high tissue concentrations of one or more classes of xenobiotic chemicals. Correlation analysis performed across bays demonstrated significant positive relationships between most defense-related characteristics and at least one contaminant, including various PAH, PCB and trace metal analytes. In combination with other recent studies, these results strengthen the hypothesis that certain xenobiotic chemicals may be associated with elevated oyster hemocyte activities, even though the ultimate influence on disease resistance remains unknown. JF - Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) AU - Oliver, L M AU - Fisher, W S AU - Winstead, J T AU - Hemmer, B L AU - Long, E R AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561-5299, USA. oliver.leah@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/11/12/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Nov 12 SP - 203 EP - 222 VL - 55 IS - 3-4 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - Metals, Heavy KW - 0 KW - Pesticides KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - Pesticides -- analysis KW - Animals KW - Hemocytes -- immunology KW - Seawater KW - Body Burden KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- analysis KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- analysis KW - Florida KW - Metals, Heavy -- analysis KW - Ostreidae -- immunology KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Immune System -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72189229?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+toxicology+%28Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands%29&rft.atitle=Relationships+between+tissue+contaminants+and+defense-related+characteristics+of+oysters+%28Crassostrea+virginica%29+from+five+Florida+bays.&rft.au=Oliver%2C+L+M%3BFisher%2C+W+S%3BWinstead%2C+J+T%3BHemmer%2C+B+L%3BLong%2C+E+R&rft.aulast=Oliver&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-11-12&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+toxicology+%28Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands%29&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-04 N1 - Date created - 2001-10-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interpolation of temperature and non-urban ozone exposure at high spatial resolution over the western United States AN - 18360646; 5314382 AB - In order to assess the impact of natural and anthropogenic stresses on forest ecosystems, it is necessary to interpolate air temperature and tropospheric ozone (O sub(3)) exposure values at high spatial resolution over complex terrain. The proposed interpolation approach was selected because of its ability to (1) account for the effect of elevation on temperature and their effects on tropospheric ozone, (2) use auxiliary data at higher spatial resolution than the variables of interest to improve the precision and accuracy of the prediction surfaces, (3) handle large amounts of data, and (4) provide not only a prediction at nonsampled locations but also a prediction standard deviation. The approach used auxiliary digital elevation model (DEM) data at 1 km resolution to improve the precision and resolution of the predictions for temperature and O sub(3) exposure in the western United States. Initially, the study area was stratified into O sub(3) regions based on seasonality and variability of monthly SUM06 values at 111 stations for the period 1990-1992 using rotated principal component analysis. Monthly mean daily maximum air temperatures were spatially interpolated using loess nonparametric regression and kriging of the loess residuals and interpolated to 2 km grid points of a DEM and to the ambient air quality monitoring points. Monthly O sub(3) exposures were spatially interpolated using loess fits to relate O sub(3) levels to elevation, predicted temperature, and the geographic coordinates and interpolated to 2 km grid points of a DEM. The elevation-based spatial interpolation procedure produced accurate and precise temperature and O sub(3) exposure surfaces which had desirable statistical properties and were logically consistent with local topographical features and atmospheric conditions known to influence O sub(3) formation and transport. The leave-one-out cross-validation mean absolute error was 0.93 degree C for the monthly mean daily maximum temperature and 1.93 ppm-h for the monthly SUM06 index for June 1990 for the western United States, comparable to published results for other regions at smaller spatial scales with less complex terrain. JF - Climate Research AU - Lee, E H AU - Hogsett, W E AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Western Ecology Division, 200 SW 35th Street, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA, lee.ehenry@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2001/11/02/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Nov 02 SP - 163 EP - 179 VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 0936-577X, 0936-577X KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - USA, West KW - Temperature KW - Pollution effects KW - Forests KW - Ozone-temperature relationships KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Ozone distribution in troposphere KW - Seasonal variations KW - Ozone KW - M2 551.524.7:Upper Air Temperature (551.524.7) KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - M2 551.510.534.3:Variations in the ozone layer (551.510.534.3) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18360646?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climate+Research&rft.atitle=Interpolation+of+temperature+and+non-urban+ozone+exposure+at+high+spatial+resolution+over+the+western+United+States&rft.au=Lee%2C+E+H%3BHogsett%2C+W+E&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2001-11-02&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climate+Research&rft.issn=0936577X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, West; Temperature; Ozone; Forests; Ecosystem disturbance; Seasonal variations; Pollution effects; Ozone-temperature relationships; Ozone distribution in troposphere ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Maps of lands vulnerable to sea level rise: Modeled elevations along the US Atlantic and Gulf coasts AN - 18358066; 5314385 AB - Understanding the broad-scale ramifications of accelerated sea level rise requires maps of the land that could be inundated or eroded. Producing such maps requires a combination of elevation information and models of shoreline erosion, wetland accretion, and other coastal processes. Assessments of coastal areas in the United States that combine all of these factors have focused on relatively small areas, usually 25 to 30 km wide. In many cases, the results are as sensitive to uncertainty regarding geological processes as to the rate of sea level rise. This paper presents maps illustrating the elevations of lands close to sea level. Although elevation contours do not necessarily coincide with future shorelines, the former is more transparent and less dependent on subjective modeling. Several methods are available for inferring elevations given limited data. This paper uses the US Geological Survey (USGS) 1 degree digital elevation series and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) shoreline data to illustrate the land below the 1.5 and 3.5 m contours for areas the size of entire US states or larger. The maps imply that approximately 58000 km super(2) of land along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts lie below the 1.5 m contour. Louisiana, Florida, Texas, and North Carolina account for more than 80% of the low land. Outside of those 4 states, the largest vulnerable populated region is the land along the Eastern Shore of Chesapeake Bay stretching from Dorchester County, Maryland, to Accomac County, Virginia. JF - Climate Research AU - Titus, J G AU - Richman, C AD - Office of Atmospheric Programs, US EPA, Washington, DC 20460, USA, titus.jim@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/11/02/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Nov 02 SP - 205 EP - 228 VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 0936-577X, 0936-577X KW - Risk Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - USA, North Carolina KW - Sea level rise effects KW - Sea level KW - USA, Gulf Coast KW - USA, Atlantic Coast KW - ANW, USA, Virginia KW - ASW, USA, Texas KW - USA, Louisiana KW - Wetlands KW - Sea level rise effects on coastal lands KW - Mapping KW - ASW, USA, Florida KW - ASW, USA, Gulf Coast KW - ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay KW - ANW, USA, Maryland KW - Map preparation KW - Erosion KW - Coastal zone KW - R2 23030:Natural hazards KW - M2 551.461:Sea Level/Horizontal Distribution (551.461) KW - M2 551.468:Coastal Oceanography (551.468) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18358066?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climate+Research&rft.atitle=Maps+of+lands+vulnerable+to+sea+level+rise%3A+Modeled+elevations+along+the+US+Atlantic+and+Gulf+coasts&rft.au=Titus%2C+J+G%3BRichman%2C+C&rft.aulast=Titus&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-11-02&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climate+Research&rft.issn=0936577X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ASW, USA, Gulf Coast; USA, Atlantic Coast; USA, Louisiana; ASW, USA, Florida; ASW, USA, Texas; USA, North Carolina; ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay; ANW, USA, Maryland; ANW, USA, Virginia; USA, Gulf Coast; Sea level; Mapping; Wetlands; Coastal zone; Erosion; Sea level rise effects; Sea level rise effects on coastal lands; Map preparation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A population exposure model for particulate matter: case study results for PM(2.5) in Philadelphia, PA. AN - 72403206; 11791164 AB - A population exposure model for particulate matter (PM), called the Stochastic Human Exposure and Dose Simulation (SHEDS-PM) model, has been developed and applied in a case study of daily PM(2.5) exposures for the population living in Philadelphia, PA. SHEDS-PM is a probabilistic model that estimates the population distribution of total PM exposures by randomly sampling from various input distributions. A mass balance equation is used to calculate indoor PM concentrations for the residential microenvironment from ambient outdoor PM concentrations and physical factor data (e.g., air exchange, penetration, deposition), as well as emission strengths for indoor PM sources (e.g., smoking, cooking). PM concentrations in nonresidential microenvironments are calculated using equations developed from regression analysis of available indoor and outdoor measurement data for vehicles, offices, schools, stores, and restaurants/bars. Additional model inputs include demographic data for the population being modeled and human activity pattern data from EPA's Consolidated Human Activity Database (CHAD). Model outputs include distributions of daily total PM exposures in various microenvironments (indoors, in vehicles, outdoors), and the contribution from PM of ambient origin to daily total PM exposures in these microenvironments. SHEDS-PM has been applied to the population of Philadelphia using spatially and temporally interpolated ambient PM(2.5) measurements from 1992-1993 and 1990 US Census data for each census tract in Philadelphia. The resulting distributions showed substantial variability in daily total PM(2.5) exposures for the population of Philadelphia (median=20 microg/m(3); 90th percentile=59 microg/m(3)). Variability in human activities, and the presence of indoor-residential sources in particular, contributed to the observed variability in total PM(2.5) exposures. The uncertainty in the estimated population distribution for total PM(2.5) exposures was highest at the upper end of the distribution and revealed the importance of including estimates of input uncertainty in population exposure models. The distributions of daily microenvironmental PM(2.5) exposures (exposures due to time spent in various microenvironments) indicated that indoor-residential PM(2.5) exposures (median=13 microg/m(3)) had the greatest influence on total PM(2.5) exposures compared to the other microenvironments. The distribution of daily exposures to PM(2.5) of ambient origin was less variable across the population than the distribution of daily total PM(2.5) exposures (median=7 microg/m(3); 90th percentile=18 microg/m(3)) and similar to the distribution of ambient outdoor PM(2.5) concentrations. This result suggests that human activity patterns did not have as strong an influence on ambient PM(2.5) exposures as was observed for exposure to other PM(2.5) sources. For most of the simulated population, exposure to PM(2.5) of ambient origin contributed a significant percent of the daily total PM(2.5) exposures (median=37.5%), especially for the segment of the population without exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in the residence (median=46.4%). Development of the SHEDS-PM model using the Philadelphia PM(2.5) case study also provided useful insights into the limitations of currently available data for use in population exposure models. In addition, data needs for improving inputs to the SHEDS-PM model, reducing uncertainty and further refinement of the model structure, were identified. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Burke, J M AU - Zufall, M J AU - Ozkaynak, H AD - US EPA, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. burke.janet@epa.gov PY - 2001 SP - 470 EP - 489 VL - 11 IS - 6 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution KW - Index Medicus KW - Environment KW - Particle Size KW - Humans KW - Philadelphia KW - Activities of Daily Living KW - Aged KW - Child KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Seasons KW - Adult KW - Forecasting KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Urban Population KW - Time Factors KW - Female KW - Male KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72403206?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=A+population+exposure+model+for+particulate+matter%3A+case+study+results+for+PM%282.5%29+in+Philadelphia%2C+PA.&rft.au=Burke%2C+J+M%3BZufall%2C+M+J%3BOzkaynak%2C+H&rft.aulast=Burke&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=470&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-01-29 N1 - Date created - 2002-01-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fusion of SeaWiFS and TOMS satellite data with surface observations and topographic data during extreme aerosol events. AN - 72294111; 11720105 AB - Spaceborne sensors allow near-continuous aerosol monitoring throughout the world. This paper illustrates the fusion of Sea-Viewing Wide Field-of-View Sensor (SeaWiFS) and TOMS satellite data with surface observations and topographic data during four extreme aerosol events: (1) the April 1998 Asian dust storm that impacted the west coast of North America, (2) the May 1998 Central American forest fire smoke that impacted eastern North America, (3) the intense fall 1999 northern California fires, and (4) the massive February 2000 Sahara dust storm. During these dust and smoke events, the aerosol was visualized on true color SeaWiFS images as a distinct yellowish dye, the result of the aerosol increasing the reflectance of darker surfaces (ocean and land) and decreasing the reflectance of clouds. TOMS imagery also indicated increased aerosol absorption in the affected areas, while surface monitors measured major reductions in visual range. Fusing these data aids in the determination of the aerosol's spatial, temporal, and optical properties and provides supporting evidence for characterizing what is being visualized as dust or smoke. A 3-dimensional perspective of the events is obtained when incorporating topographic data and provides insight into the vertical properties of the aerosol plumes. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995) AU - Falke, S R AU - Husar, R B AU - Schichtel, B A AD - Center for Air Pollution Impact and Trend Analysis, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA. falke.stefan@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - November 2001 SP - 1579 EP - 1585 VL - 51 IS - 11 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Aerosols KW - 0 KW - Air Pollutants KW - Dust KW - Smoke KW - Index Medicus KW - Aerosols -- analysis KW - Fires KW - Data Collection -- methods KW - Time Factors KW - Air Movements KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Spacecraft KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72294111?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.atitle=Fusion+of+SeaWiFS+and+TOMS+satellite+data+with+surface+observations+and+topographic+data+during+extreme+aerosol+events.&rft.au=Falke%2C+S+R%3BHusar%2C+R+B%3BSchichtel%2C+B+A&rft.aulast=Falke&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1579&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-11 N1 - Date created - 2001-11-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of molecular markers to study the effects of environmental impacts on genetic diversity in brown bullhead (Ameirus nebulosus) populations. AN - 72264524; 11699785 AB - Conservation biology needs sound biological information in order to maintain biological diversity in the face of the current rate of loss. An important component of the information needed is the level of genetic diversity within and between populations, especially for those species faced with exposure to environmental stressors. We applied multilocus DNA profile analysis (highly variable number tandem repeats [HVNTR] and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA [RAPD] techniques) and allozyme analysis to test whether individuals from historically degraded sites display levels of genetic diversity different from individuals taken from reference sites. Four Lake Erie tributaries, two impacted and two reference sites, were the sources of brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus) samples. Pairwise comparison of the sampled populations demonstrated an association of decreased genetic diversity with exposure of brown bullhead to stressors using both RAPD and HVNTR analysis. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Silbiger, R N AU - Leonard, A C AU - Dimsoski, P AU - Foré, S AU - Guttman, S I AU - Roth, A C AU - Gordon, D A AU - Wessendarp, T AU - Toth, G P AU - Smith, M K AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - November 2001 SP - 2580 EP - 2587 VL - 20 IS - 11 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Biomarkers -- analysis KW - Tandem Repeat Sequences -- genetics KW - Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique KW - Genetic Variation KW - Ictaluridae -- genetics KW - DNA Fingerprinting KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Conservation of Natural Resources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72264524?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=Use+of+molecular+markers+to+study+the+effects+of+environmental+impacts+on+genetic+diversity+in+brown+bullhead+%28Ameirus+nebulosus%29+populations.&rft.au=Silbiger%2C+R+N%3BLeonard%2C+A+C%3BDimsoski%2C+P%3BFor%C3%A9%2C+S%3BGuttman%2C+S+I%3BRoth%2C+A+C%3BGordon%2C+D+A%3BWessendarp%2C+T%3BToth%2C+G+P%3BSmith%2C+M+K&rft.aulast=Silbiger&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2580&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-02-14 N1 - Date created - 2001-11-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uptake and distribution of three PCB congeners and endosulfan by developing white leghorn chicken embryos (Gallus domesticus). AN - 72190840; 11598789 AB - The distributions of PCB 105, 156, 189, and endosulfan in incubating, maternally exposed, viable white leghorn chicken eggs (Gallus domesticus) were investigated. Hens were subcutaneously injected every 4 days with a mixture of the above chemicals. One group of five eggs was removed from the incubator at each of 9, 14, and 19 days of incubation; dissected into three compartments (embryo, chorioallantoic membrane, and yolk + albumin); weighed; frozen; and then later analyzed for the dosing chemicals. Through 19 days of development (90% of incubation), greater than 70% of the total chemical mass in the whole egg remained within the yolk + albumin, whereas, depending on the chemical, 17% to 30% was absorbed by the embryo and 0.2% to 9% was transported into the chorioallantoic membrane. As a percentage of total PCB mass within the respective compartment, PCB 105 composition in the embryo and chorioallantoic membrane decreased significantly throughout development while PCB 156 and 189 composition increased significantly throughout development. Though endosulfan composition within any of the compartments was highly variable, it did not change significantly during development. The results of this study indicate that the majority of avian chick exposure to contaminants occurs posthatch as the chick continues to utilize the residual yolk. JF - Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Bargar, T A AU - Scott, G I AU - Cobb, G P AD - United States Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administr, Center for Coastal Environmental Health and Biomolecular Research, 219 Fort Johnson Rd, Charleston, South Carolina 29412-9110, USA. bargar.tim@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - November 2001 SP - 508 EP - 514 VL - 41 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Insecticides KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Endosulfan KW - OKA6A6ZD4K KW - Index Medicus KW - Embryonic Development KW - Animals KW - Chick Embryo KW - Embryo, Nonmammalian -- drug effects KW - Eggs KW - Endosulfan -- pharmacokinetics KW - Insecticides -- pharmacokinetics KW - Environmental Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72190840?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Uptake+and+distribution+of+three+PCB+congeners+and+endosulfan+by+developing+white+leghorn+chicken+embryos+%28Gallus+domesticus%29.&rft.au=Bargar%2C+T+A%3BScott%2C+G+I%3BCobb%2C+G+P&rft.aulast=Bargar&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=508&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-04 N1 - Date created - 2001-10-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Removal of Pb(ii) from aqueous/acidic solutions by using bentonite as an adsorbent. AN - 71330335; 12230182 AB - The ability of bentonite clay to remove Pb(II) from aqueous solutions and from nitric acid, hydrochloric acid and perchloric acid solutions (1.0-1 x 10(-5)) has been studied at different optimized conditions of concentrations, amount of adsorbent, temperature, concentration of electrolyte and pH. Maximum adsorption of Pb(II), i.e. > 98% has been achieved in aqueous solutions, while 86% is achieved from 1.0 x 10(-5) M HCl using 0.5 g of bentonite. The adsorption decreases by increasing the concentration of electrolytes. Flame atomic absorption spectrometer was used for measuring lead concentration. Isotherm analysis of adsorption data obtained at 25 degrees C, 30 degrees C, 40 degrees C and 50 degrees C showed that the adsorption pattern of lead on bentonite followed the langmuir isotherm and freundlich isotherm, respectively. DeltaH(o) and deltaS(o) were calculated from the slope and intercept of ln K(D) vs. I/T plots. JF - Water research AU - Naseem, R AU - Tahir, S S AD - Central Laboratory for Environmental Analysis, Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency, Islamabad. pcsir@isb.paknet.com.pk Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - November 2001 SP - 3982 EP - 3986 VL - 35 IS - 16 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - Electrolytes KW - 0 KW - Bentonite KW - 1302-78-9 KW - Lead KW - 2P299V784P KW - Index Medicus KW - Temperature KW - Absorption KW - Lead -- chemistry KW - Water Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Water Purification -- methods KW - Bentonite -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71330335?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+research&rft.atitle=Removal+of+Pb%28ii%29+from+aqueous%2Facidic+solutions+by+using+bentonite+as+an+adsorbent.&rft.au=Naseem%2C+R%3BTahir%2C+S+S&rft.aulast=Naseem&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=3982&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-10-01 N1 - Date created - 2002-09-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Branchial elimination of superhydrophobic organic compounds by rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). AN - 71158647; 11551619 AB - The branchial elimination of pentachloroethane and four congeneric polychlorinated biphenyls by rainbow trout was measured using a fish respirometer-metabolism chamber and an adsorption resin column. Branchial elimination was characterized by calculating a set of apparent in vivo blood:water partition coefficients (P(BW)). Linear regression was performed on the logarithms of P(BW) estimates and the log K(OW) value for each compound to give the fitted equation: log P(BW)=0.76 x log K(OW)-1.0 (r(2)=0.98). The linear nature of this relationship provides support for existing models of chemical flux at fish gills and suggests that a near equilibrium condition was established between chemical in venous blood entering the gills, including dissolved and bound forms, and dissolved chemical in expired branchial water. In vivo P(BW) estimates were combined with P(BW) values determined in vitro for a set of lower log K(OW) compounds (Bertelson et al., Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 17 (1998) 1447-1455) to give the fitted relationship: log P(BW)=0.73 x log K(OW)-0.88 (r(2)=0.98). The slope of this equation is consistent with the suggestion that chemical binding to non-lipid organic material contributes substantially to blood:water chemical partitioning. An equation based on the composition of trout blood (water content and the total amount of organic material) was then derived to predict blood:water partitioning for compounds with log K(OW) values ranging from 0 to 8: log P(BW)=log[(10(0.73 log K(ow)) x 0.16)+0.84]. JF - Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) AU - Fitzsimmons, P N AU - Fernandez, J D AU - Hoffman, A D AU - Butterworth, B C AU - Nichols, J W AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA. Y1 - 2001/11/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Nov 01 SP - 23 EP - 34 VL - 55 IS - 1-2 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Ethane KW - L99N5N533T KW - pentachloroethane KW - QOJ9TH7LDL KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Linear Models KW - Gills -- metabolism KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated -- pharmacokinetics KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- chemistry KW - Ethane -- analogs & derivatives KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- pharmacokinetics KW - Oncorhynchus mykiss -- metabolism KW - Ethane -- pharmacokinetics KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71158647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+toxicology+%28Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands%29&rft.atitle=Branchial+elimination+of+superhydrophobic+organic+compounds+by+rainbow+trout+%28Oncorhynchus+mykiss%29.&rft.au=Fitzsimmons%2C+P+N%3BFernandez%2C+J+D%3BHoffman%2C+A+D%3BButterworth%2C+B+C%3BNichols%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Fitzsimmons&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+toxicology+%28Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands%29&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-11 N1 - Date created - 2001-09-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sorption of Cu and Zn onto kaolinite and iron oxide; effects of humic acid and ionic strength and implications for stormwater runoff AN - 52129933; 2002-023742 AB - Changes in ionic strength, whether from mixing with saline waters, road salt, or from the large osmotic adjustment needed for the Microtox (super TM) toxicity assay, affect the aqueous chemistry of stormwater runoff and receiving waters. Such changes can alter the partitioning of metals between dissolved and colloidal phases. The presence of humic substances, commonly found in environmental waters, can also affect metal/colloid interactions. Batch experiments were performed to evaluate the effects of humic acid, NaCl (2% w/v), and an artificial stormwater solution (ASW) (I = 0.001) on the sorption of Cu and Zn to kaolinite (100 mg/L) and iron oxide (40 mg/L). Total metal concentrations ranged from 0.25 to 12 mg/L. Sorption to iron oxide and kaolinite in a DIW solution was low for both Cu and Zn. Equilibration of kaolinite and iron oxide with humic acid prior to the addition of metals greatly increased sorption of both metals to both minerals (as high as 90% retention at low concentrations). Equilibration with ASW in addition to humic acid did not affect the copper isotherms at low (<1 mg/L) concentrations but lowered zinc retention by 20-40%. Addition of 2% NaCl decreased the sorption of both metals to both minerals by 30-70%, lowering the isotherms notably. The effect of NaCl was greater for Zn. The results indicate that the partitioning of Cu and Zn between the dissolved and colloidal phases is strongly influenced by the presence of humic substances through the formation of coatings on the minerals. Small changes in ionic strength in the environment (similar to the addition of the ASW) will affect the partitioning of Zn, but will have less effect on Cu partitioning. A large increase in NaCl will greatly decrease the sorption of Cu and Zn to colloidal phases. The combined effects of these factors will influence the bioavailability of metals as well as their potential for transport and sedimentation as stormwater moves through the environment and into receiving waters. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Tuccillo, Mary Ellen AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - November 2001 SP - 182 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - silicates KW - zinc KW - sorption KW - iron oxides KW - copper KW - surface water KW - bioavailability KW - kaolinite KW - humic acids KW - ions KW - hydrochemistry KW - clay minerals KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - mitigation KW - humic substances KW - metals KW - runoff KW - oxides KW - sheet silicates KW - chemical composition KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52129933?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Sorption+of+Cu+and+Zn+onto+kaolinite+and+iron+oxide%3B+effects+of+humic+acid+and+ionic+strength+and+implications+for+stormwater+runoff&rft.au=Tuccillo%2C+Mary+Ellen%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tuccillo&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=182&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2001 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioavailability; chemical composition; clay minerals; copper; humic acids; humic substances; hydrochemistry; ions; iron oxides; kaolinite; metals; mitigation; organic acids; organic compounds; oxides; runoff; sheet silicates; silicates; sorption; surface water; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of discrete high transmissivity zones in sparsely fractured limestone; an integrated approach using fracture trace analysis and surface and borehole geophysical methods, Loring, Maine AN - 52080681; 2002-059636 AB - A chlorinated-VOC-contaminated ground water plume emanates from an abandoned rock quarry at the former Loring Air Force Base in Limestone, Maine. Fractured Ordovician-Silurian limestone units underlie the site. Predominant fracture orientations strike NW-SE and NE-SW, although other orientations are locally important. A bulk hydraulic conductivity value of 0.08 feet/day was reported from a bedrock pump test in the quarry. However, discrete fracture zones of significantly higher conductivities are locally superimposed on the low-conductivity matrix. The spacing, continuity, and hydraulic significance of such zones remained poorly understood, as previous work included only limited efforts to target drilling locations to specific fracture zones. Our central focus in this investigation, therefore, was to locate downgradient monitoring points along primary contaminant migration pathways, with the goal of establishing a technically defensible compliance boundary for long-term monitoring (LTM). Limited fracture-trace and structural analyses were integrated with the existing hydrogeologic database to locate 2-D resistivity traverses in key downgradient locations. We subsequently obtained dipole-dipole resistivity cross sections along four traverses across suspected fracture trends. The project team located three boreholes on fracture zones inferred from low-resistivity anomalies. In addition, two boreholes were located along portions of the 2-D resistivity traverses which did not exhibit distinct anomalies. Following drilling, we logged the uncased boreholes with downhole geophysical tools including fluid temperature, fluid resistivity, SPR, SP, natural gamma, normal resistivity, caliper, acoustic televiewer, and heat-pulse flowmeter. In addition to collecting water quality samples from specific packered zones, we also conducted specific capacity tests on inferred conductive fractures. All of this information was used to select up to two zones per location for installing permanent monitoring well screens. Wells drilled in geophysically-inferred fracture zones validated the utility of the overall approach, and served to contrast the hydraulic properties of fractures in anomaly-targeted wells versus non-targeted wells. LTM may now proceed with a greater level of confidence. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Brandon, William C AU - Behr, Richard E AU - Blackey, Mark E AU - Zay, Alexander AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - November 2001 SP - 413 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - limestone KW - Aroostook County Maine KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollutants KW - well-logging KW - pollution KW - observation wells KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - sedimentary rocks KW - transport KW - volatile organic compounds KW - Loring Air Force Base KW - hydrodynamics KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - military facilities KW - Maine KW - Limestone Maine KW - carbonate rocks KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52080681?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Identification+of+discrete+high+transmissivity+zones+in+sparsely+fractured+limestone%3B+an+integrated+approach+using+fracture+trace+analysis+and+surface+and+borehole+geophysical+methods%2C+Loring%2C+Maine&rft.au=Brandon%2C+William+C%3BBehr%2C+Richard+E%3BBlackey%2C+Mark+E%3BZay%2C+Alexander%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Brandon&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=413&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2001 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aroostook County Maine; carbonate rocks; contaminant plumes; environmental analysis; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrodynamics; limestone; Limestone Maine; Loring Air Force Base; Maine; military facilities; observation wells; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; sedimentary rocks; transport; United States; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; well-logging ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water tracing at scales of hours to decades as an aid to estimating hydraulic characteristics of the Leadville Mine drainage tunnel AN - 51894472; 2004-013418 AB - The Leadville Mine Drainage Tunnel (LMDT) is a 3.3 kilometer structure that was constructed in the complicated geology of the Leadville mine district in the 1940's. Discharge from the LMDT is impacted by heavy metals and is treated at a plant built in 1992 operated by the United States Bureau of Reclamation. On the surface waste rock and other remnants of the mining operations litter the landscape and this material is exposed to precipitation. As a result of contact with this material, surface water often has pH of less than 3 and its containment and disposal is necessary before it impacts surface drainage and the nearby Arkansas River. Using a borehole drilled into the mine workings the U.S. EPA has devised a plan in which the impacted water is contained on the surface which then can be discharged into the mine workings to discharge from the LMDT and be treated. The percentage of water discharging from the mining district along the drainage tunnel is unknown, and since there is no access, information about the condition of the tunnel with regards to blockages is also relatively obscure. Application of quantitative water tracing using fluorescent dyes was used to model the flow parameters at the scale of hours in the tunnel and evaluate the likelihood of blockages. Because the tunnel has intersected several lithologies and faults, other locations such as discharging shafts, adits and surface streams that could be hydraulically connected to the LMDT were also monitored. An initial tracer experiment was done using an instantaneous injection, which was followed by additional injections of water. Another tracer injection was done when there was a continuous flow of impacted water into the workings. Analysis of the tracer concentration responses at water-filled shafts and at the portal were used to model the flow along the tunnel and estimate several hydraulic parameters. Waters in these settings are mixtures of components with different residence times, so, qualitative tritium data were used to evaluate residence times of decades. The combined injected tracer and tritium data as well as other geochemical data were used to infer the nature of flow and recharge into the tunnel. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Davies, Gareth J AU - Holmes, Michael AU - Wireman, Michael AU - King, Karmen AU - Gertson, Jord N AU - Stefanic, Jenelle M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - November 2001 SP - 132 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - acid mine drainage KW - drainage KW - dye tracers KW - Leadville mining district KW - ground water KW - Leadville Mine KW - recharge KW - Lake County Colorado KW - quantitative analysis KW - fluorescence KW - water treatment KW - tunnels KW - surveys KW - Colorado KW - pH KW - field studies KW - Arkansas River KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51894472?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Water+tracing+at+scales+of+hours+to+decades+as+an+aid+to+estimating+hydraulic+characteristics+of+the+Leadville+Mine+drainage+tunnel&rft.au=Davies%2C+Gareth+J%3BHolmes%2C+Michael%3BWireman%2C+Michael%3BKing%2C+Karmen%3BGertson%2C+Jord+N%3BStefanic%2C+Jenelle+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Davies&rft.aufirst=Gareth&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=132&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2001 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; Arkansas River; Colorado; drainage; dye tracers; field studies; fluorescence; ground water; Lake County Colorado; Leadville Mine; Leadville mining district; pH; quantitative analysis; recharge; surveys; tunnels; United States; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation and control of contaminated groundwater discharges to the San Francisco Bay estuary AN - 51893584; 2004-013279 AB - The San Francisco Bay Estuary serves as the outlet to the Pacific Ocean for waters draining an area of approximately 59,000 square miles. The Bay is encircled by over 200,000 acres of tidal marshes, mudflats and other intertidal and shallow subtidal habitats. These habitats provide spawning, resting and feeding areas for a multitude of aquatic and terrestrial organisms, such as the Chinook Salmon, California Sea Lion, California Clapper Rail and Salt Marsh Harvest Mouse. Although the volume of groundwater discharging into the estuary comprises only a fraction of the total water input, these discharges affect essentially all of the tidal and near shore habitats and are an important component of the ecosystem. The Estuary is also encircled by intense, urban development with a population exceeding five million people. Over 5,000 contaminated sites have been identified around the Bay, including landfills, refineries, chemical manufacturers, gasoline stations, dry cleaners and various other industries. Petroleum and chlorinated solvents are the most common chemicals of concern. The majority of the contaminated sites include impacts to shallow groundwater (<20 m). The ages and lengths of chlorinated solvent plumes along with other hydrogeologic data can be used to estimate the migration rates (e.g., 20 to 75+ m/yr) and volumes of groundwater discharging into the Estuary in a particular area (e.g., tens to hundreds of m3/yr per linear meter of shoreline). Understanding these relationships aids in predicting the timing, extent and magnitude of potential impacts to the Estuary. Mitigation of impacts to the Estuary is done through the identification, investigation and remediation of contaminated sites within striking distance of important habitats. This includes screening of groundwater data with respect to surface water protection goals. Groundwater "buffer zones", where concentrations of contaminants are not allowed to exceed specified goals, are established at the downgradient edge of a plume. Remedial actions are site-specific but can include slurry walls, reactive barriers, groundwater pump-and-treat systems, in-situ treatment of impacted aquifers and monitored attenuation. These actions all play an important role in continued efforts to restore and enhance the ecosystem of the San Francisco Bay Estuary. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Brewer, Roger D AU - Bartow, Gregory W AU - Breaux, Andree AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - November 2001 SP - 109 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - restoration KW - buffer zones KW - development KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - petroleum products KW - urban geology KW - ground water KW - California KW - estuaries KW - organic compounds KW - solvents KW - San Francisco Bay KW - San Francisco Bay region KW - natural resources KW - conservation KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - ecology KW - discharge KW - water pollution KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51893584?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Investigation+and+control+of+contaminated+groundwater+discharges+to+the+San+Francisco+Bay+estuary&rft.au=Brewer%2C+Roger+D%3BBartow%2C+Gregory+W%3BBreaux%2C+Andree%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Brewer&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2001 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - buffer zones; California; chlorinated hydrocarbons; conservation; contaminant plumes; development; discharge; ecology; ecosystems; estuaries; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; natural resources; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollution; restoration; San Francisco Bay; San Francisco Bay region; solvents; United States; urban geology; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Arsenic; moving toward a regulation AN - 51892831; 2004-013324 AB - Currently, EPA is reviewing the arsenic standard so that communities that need to reduce arsenic in drinking water can proceed with confidence that the new standard is based on sound science and accurate cost and benefit analyses. The Safe Drinking Water Act, as amended in 1996, required the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to review current drinking-water standards for arsenic, propose a maximum contaminant level for arsenic by January 1, 2000, and issue a final regulation by January, 2001. EPA published a new standard for arsenic in drinking water on January 22, 2001, that would require public water supplies to reduce arsenic to 10 ppb by 2006. EPA withdrew the standard in March 2001 for review. Many small communities will be affected by the drinking water standard for arsenic, making it especially important to ensure that the Safe Drinking Water Act provision allowing balancing of cost is based on accurate information. While scientists agree that the previous standard of 50 parts per billion should be lowered, there is no consensus on a particular safe level. Independent review of the science behind the final standard will help clear up uncertainties that have been raised about the health benefits of reducing arsenic to 10 parts per billion in drinking water. The state of New Hampshire has proposed an arsenic standard that mirrors that initially proposed and now under review by the EPA. The new state level will be 10 parts per billion. This will serve as an action level for private well owners and an enforceable regulatory level for public water supplies. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Varney, Robert W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - November 2001 SP - 116 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - water KW - United States KW - water quality KW - water supply KW - medical geology KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - Safe Drinking Water Act KW - New Hampshire KW - metals KW - water resources KW - geochemistry KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51892831?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Arsenic%3B+moving+toward+a+regulation&rft.au=Varney%2C+Robert+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Varney&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=116&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2001 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; geochemistry; medical geology; metals; New Hampshire; pollutants; pollution; regulations; Safe Drinking Water Act; United States; water; water quality; water resources; water supply ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Arsenic transport and fate in sulfidic environments; As(III)-FeS interactions AN - 51892803; 2004-013329 AB - Arsenic mobility in groundwater and retention in aquifer materials at contaminated sites is often linked to redox processes, especially iron and sulfur cycling at redox boundaries. Important processes include adsorption or co-precipitation reactions of arsenate, arsenite, or thioarsenite species with poorly crystalline iron (oxy)hydroxides, iron monosulfides, and pyrite. We report results of laboratory studies that evaluate sorption and co-precipitation processes of As(III) with freshly precipitated and aged iron monosulfides. Results indicate contrasting adsorption behavior of arsenic depending on Fe (super 2+) /HS (super -) . Arsenite sorption onto iron monosulfide surfaces readily occurs at high Fe (super 2+) /HS (super -) (5 mg/L>As). Saturation of available surface sites occurs at higher arsenic spikes and lower surface densities. In contrast, when free hydrogen sulfide or bisulfide is present (Fe (super 2+) /HS (super -) <0.01), little adsorption occurs and arsenic remains in solution. The lack of sorption at low Fe/S apparently is related to the presence of thioarsenite species. Arsenic speciation measurements with IC-ICP-MS and IC-HG-AFS suggest a cross-over, at Sigma H (sub 2) S of around 10 (super -4.6) mol/L (pH approximately 7), from H (sub 3) AsO (sub 3) (aq) to a suite of thioarsenite species where OH (super -) is progressively replaced by HS (super -) . The experimental results suggest that thioarsenites are particle unreactive compared to H (sub 3) AsO (sub 3) (aq). An important implication is that in environments where iron monosulfide precipitates accumulate, arsenic uptake will occur preferentially in systems where reactive iron is available as compared to regions where free sulfide is present at levels greater than about 0.1 mM. Note: This is an abstract of a proposed presentation and does not necessarily reflect EPA policy. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Wilkin, Richard T AU - Ford, Robert G AU - Wallschlaeger, Dirk AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - November 2001 SP - 117 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - iron oxides KW - crystallinity KW - ground water KW - fate KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical reactions KW - oxides KW - thioarsenite group KW - valency KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - Eh KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - oxyhydroxides KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - boundary conditions KW - aquifers KW - hydroxides KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - sulfur KW - sulfides KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51892803?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Arsenic+transport+and+fate+in+sulfidic+environments%3B+As%28III%29-FeS+interactions&rft.au=Wilkin%2C+Richard+T%3BFord%2C+Robert+G%3BWallschlaeger%2C+Dirk%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wilkin&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2001 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; arsenic; boundary conditions; chemical reactions; crystallinity; Eh; experimental studies; fate; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; hydroxides; iron oxides; laboratory studies; metals; oxides; oxyhydroxides; pH; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; sulfides; sulfur; thioarsenite group; valency ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multi-component reactive transport modeling of natural attenuation of an acid groundwater plume at a uranium mill tailings site AN - 51179787; 2002-000901 AB - Natural attenuation of an acidic plume in the aquifer underneath a uranium mill tailings pond in Wyoming, USA was simulated using the multi-component reactive transport code PHREEQC. A one-dimensional model was constructed for the site and the model included advective-dispersive transport, aqueous speciation of 11 components, and precipitation-dissolution of six minerals. Transport simulation was performed for a reclamation scenario in which the source of acidic seepage will be terminated after 5 years and the plume will then be flushed by uncontaminated upgradient groundwater. Simulations show that successive pH buffer reactions with calcite, Al(OH) (sub 3) (a), and Fe(OH) (sub 3) (a) create distinct geochemical zones and most reactions occur at the boundaries of geochemical zones. The complex interplay of physical transport processes and chemical reactions produce multiple concentration waves. For SO (sub 4) (super 2-) transport, the concentration waves are related to advection-dispersion, and gypsum precipitation and dissolution. Wave speeds from numerical simulations compare well to an analytical solution for wave propagation. Abstract Copyright (2001) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Zhu, Chen AU - Hu, Fang Q AU - Burden, David S Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - November 2001 SP - 85 EP - 108 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 52 IS - 1-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - calcium KW - dispersivity KW - Th-230 KW - reclamation KW - lead KW - suspended materials KW - aqueous solutions KW - waste lagoons KW - Ra-226 KW - cadmium KW - Powder River basin KW - pH KW - heavy metals KW - PHREEQC KW - sulfate ion KW - numerical models KW - radium KW - solutes KW - tailings ponds KW - migration of elements KW - acidification KW - uranium KW - carbonates KW - chemical fractionation KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - one-dimensional models KW - coupling KW - simulation KW - seepage KW - ground water KW - UMTRA KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - Bear Creek Uranium Site KW - transport KW - natural attenuation KW - chromium KW - concentration KW - alkaline earth metals KW - effluents KW - pollution KW - calcite KW - aquifers KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - thorium KW - tailings KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51179787?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Multi-component+reactive+transport+modeling+of+natural+attenuation+of+an+acid+groundwater+plume+at+a+uranium+mill+tailings+site&rft.au=Zhu%2C+Chen%3BHu%2C+Fang+Q%3BBurden%2C+David+S&rft.aulast=Zhu&rft.aufirst=Chen&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; actinides; alkaline earth metals; aqueous solutions; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; Bear Creek Uranium Site; cadmium; calcite; calcium; carbonates; chemical fractionation; chemical reactions; chromium; concentration; contaminant plumes; coupling; dispersivity; effluents; ground water; heavy metals; isotopes; lead; metals; migration of elements; natural attenuation; numerical models; one-dimensional models; pH; PHREEQC; pollution; Powder River basin; precipitation; Ra-226; radioactive isotopes; radium; reclamation; seepage; simulation; solutes; sulfate ion; suspended materials; tailings; tailings ponds; Th-230; thorium; transport; UMTRA; United States; uranium; waste lagoons ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Provenance of geogenic arsenic in the Goose River basin, Maine, USA AN - 51169941; 2002-012247 AB - Occurrences of arsenic (As) are sporadic in drinking water from many wells in mid-coastal Maine. This is particularly the case where water supplies are pumped from fractured igneous and metamorphic bedrock. Although health risk-based As contamination levels are lowered, it is likely that the provenance of trace As concentrations will need to be scrutinized. Approximately 33% of wells sampled in the Goose River ground-watershed had at least one occurrence of 10 mu g l (super -1) As. Geologic mapping in combination with the rock petrology and mineral chemistry were important in deciphering probable local source areas for arsenic. Median whole rock As is greater than 39 mg kg (super -1) in the Bucksport Formation and anatectic granitoids of the Waldoboro Pluton Complex. (super 34) S isotopic composition of arsenian pyrites indicate that local areas of anomalous arsenic-bearing, transported soils are not the source of trace As in groundwater, but, instead, the As is derived from oxidation processes in the fractured bedrock along the western margin of the ground-watershed. In groundwater, the As (super 3+) /As (super 5+) ratios ranged from 0.01 to 4.45 and were inconsistent spatially and temporally. Although it is probable that the stability field in most groundwater supplies is HAsO (sub 4) (super 2-) , arsenic speciation is not necessarily an aid to predicting transport. Instead an isotopic evaluation of associated groundwater SO (sub 4) (super 2-) clearly indicates a consistent correlation of elevated As with enriched delta (super 34) S (sub SO4) . The delta (super 34) S (sub SO4) ranges of +4.05 to +4.61 ppm may be characteristic of local oxidation in the fractured groundwater flow systems. Potential areas of geogenic As transport may be predictable. Copyright 2001 Springer-Verlag JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Sidle, W C AU - Wotten, B AU - Murphy, E Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - November 2001 SP - 62 EP - 73 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 41 IS - 1-2 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - water quality KW - isotopes KW - Lincoln County Maine KW - igneous rocks KW - granites KW - rivers and streams KW - Bucksport Formation KW - drinking water KW - stable isotopes KW - ground water KW - plutonic rocks KW - transport KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - bedrock KW - concentration KW - water supply KW - toxic materials KW - sulfate ion KW - Paleozoic KW - isotope ratios KW - oxidation KW - Goose River basin KW - Waldoboro Pluton Complex KW - arsenic KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - loam KW - S-34/S-32 KW - metals KW - sulfur KW - pyrite KW - trace metals KW - Maine KW - sulfides KW - point sources KW - chemical fractionation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51169941?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Provenance+of+geogenic+arsenic+in+the+Goose+River+basin%2C+Maine%2C+USA&rft.au=Sidle%2C+W+C%3BWotten%2C+B%3BMurphy%2C+E&rft.aulast=Sidle&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=62&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs002540100400 L2 - http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/254 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; arsenic; bedrock; Bucksport Formation; chemical fractionation; concentration; drinking water; fractured materials; Goose River basin; granites; ground water; hydrology; igneous rocks; isotope ratios; isotopes; Lincoln County Maine; loam; Maine; metals; oxidation; Paleozoic; plutonic rocks; point sources; pollution; prediction; pyrite; rivers and streams; S-34/S-32; soils; stable isotopes; sulfate ion; sulfides; sulfur; toxic materials; trace metals; transport; United States; Waldoboro Pluton Complex; water quality; water supply DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002540100400 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Permeable reactive barrier strategies for remediation of arsenic-contaminated groundwater AN - 50301587; 2003-006489 AB - Results are presented from laboratory batch tests using zero-valent iron to treat arsenic-contaminated groundwater. The laboratory tests were conducted using near-neutral pH groundwater from a contaminated aquifer located adjacent to a custom smelting facility. Experiments were designed to evaluate whether the permeable reactive barrier technology would provide a long-term, site cleanup strategy. The initial arsenic concentration was 48,000 ug/L; Zn concentrations were also elevated, up to 1000 ug/L. Arsenic was predominantly as As(III) with As(III)/As(V) = 13.1 and no detectable concentrations of organic arsenic forms (i.e., DMA or MMA). Results indicate that zero-valent iron does attenuate arsenic concentrations from site groundwater to levels below 50 ug/L after 15 days (5 grams Fe/45 mL of solution). Both As(III) and As(V) were removed at comparable rates. During the batch runs, the formation of carbonate green rust occurred (XRD analysis) as the main surface precipitate. Extraction studies indicate that the green rust contains up to 1.6 wt% arsenic. In field applications of the zero-valent iron PRB technology, green rusts in addition to iron sulfides are common authigenic components. However, laboratory batch experiments are typically not run long enough for microbial communities to develop. Therefore, in a parallel series of experiments iron monosulfides were spiked into the batch reaction vessels. In these experiments, rates of arsenic attenuation are significantly greater than in experiments without the iron monosulfide spike (factor of 2.5). This result demonstrates the problems of extrapolating laboratory results to the field. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Wilkin, Richard T AU - Paul, Cynthia J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - November 2001 SP - 363 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - experimental studies KW - technology KW - pollutants KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - feasibility studies KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - laboratory studies KW - controls KW - decontamination KW - metals KW - water treatment KW - reactive barriers KW - water pollution KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50301587?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Permeable+reactive+barrier+strategies+for+remediation+of+arsenic-contaminated+groundwater&rft.au=Wilkin%2C+Richard+T%3BPaul%2C+Cynthia+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wilkin&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=363&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2001 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; arsenic; controls; decontamination; experimental studies; feasibility studies; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; laboratory studies; metals; permeability; pH; pollutants; pollution; reactive barriers; remediation; technology; water pollution; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - METAL-COLLOID PARTITIONING IN ARTIFICIAL INTERSTITIAL WATERS OF MARINE SEDIMENTS: INFLUENCES OF SALINITY, pH, AND COLLOIDAL ORGANIC CARBON CONCENTRATION AN - 20157419; 7290576 AB - For decades, heavy metals have been deposited into marine sediments as a result of anthropogenic activities. Depending on their bioavailability, these metals may represent a risk to benthic organisms. Dissolved interstitial water metal concentrations have been shown to be better predictors of bioavailability than sediment metal concentrations. In order to improve our understanding of metals bioavailability in sediments, it is essential to fully comprehend metal speciation. Colloidal organic carbon is ubiquitous in marine interstitial water and readily forms complexes with numerous dissolved metals, greatly reducing their bioavailability. Methods were applied to isolate dissolved and colloidal cadmium, copper, nickel, lead, and zinc from interstitial waters using centrifugation and stirred cell ultrafiltration. Influences of salinity, pH, and colloidal carbon concentration on partitioning behavior were investigated. In the pH study, colloidal-dissolved partitioning of each metal (K sub(p)) was observed to increase as pH rose. Conversely, in the salinity experiment, metal K sub(p)s declined as salinity increased. For the metal-organic colloid study, linear isotherms were calculated for each of the metals, resulting in log K sub(coc)s ranging from 5.90 for zinc to 7.50 for copper. K sub(p) values calculated from metal-spiked field sediments were in good agreement with those measured in the salinity study. These results provide insight into the behavior of metals associated with colloidal organic carbon in marine sediments under the conditions occurring in estuarine systems. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Cantwell, Mark G AU - Burgess, Robert M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, NHEERL, Atlantic Ecology Division, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882 Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - Nov 2001 SP - 2420 EP - 2427 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. PO Box 1897 Lawrence KS 66044 USA, [mailto:webmaster@allenpress.com], [URL:http://www.allenpress.com] VL - 20 IS - 11 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Ultrafiltration KW - Pore water KW - Colloids KW - Heavy metals KW - Organic carbon KW - Nickel KW - Copper KW - Lead KW - Centrifugation KW - Bioavailability KW - Marine Sediments KW - Salinity KW - Cadmium KW - Isotherms KW - pH effects KW - pH KW - heavy metals KW - Metals KW - Sediment chemistry KW - Organic Carbon KW - Brackish KW - Interstitial Water KW - Metal Concentration KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Speciation KW - Pollution effects KW - Estuarine sedimentation KW - Carbon KW - Salinity effects KW - Zinc KW - Sediment pollution KW - Hydrogen Ion Concentration KW - Sediments KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - Q2 09264:Sediments and sedimentation KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - X 24360:Metals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20157419?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=METAL-COLLOID+PARTITIONING+IN+ARTIFICIAL+INTERSTITIAL+WATERS+OF+MARINE+SEDIMENTS%3A+INFLUENCES+OF+SALINITY%2C+pH%2C+AND+COLLOIDAL+ORGANIC+CARBON+CONCENTRATION&rft.au=Cantwell%2C+Mark+G%3BBurgess%2C+Robert+M&rft.aulast=Cantwell&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2420&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/10.1897%2F1551-5028%282001%290202.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioavailability; Sediment chemistry; Sediment pollution; Pore water; Heavy metals; Nickel; Organic carbon; Pollution effects; Estuarine sedimentation; Metal Concentration; Lead; Ultrafiltration; Speciation; Colloids; Copper; Sediments; Centrifugation; Carbon; Salinity effects; Zinc; Cadmium; Isotherms; pH effects; Salinity; heavy metals; pH; Metals; Marine Sediments; Bioaccumulation; Organic Carbon; Water Pollution Effects; Hydrogen Ion Concentration; Interstitial Water; Brackish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1897/1551-5028(2001)020<2420:MCPIAI>2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dosimetry Modeling of Inhaled Formaldehyde: The Human Respiratory Tract AN - 18431776; 5412042 AB - Formaldehyde (HCHO), which has been shown to be a nasal carcinogen in rats and mice, is used widely and extensively in various manufacturing processes. Studies in rhesus monkeys suggest that the lower respiratory tract may be at risk and some epidemiologic studies have reported an increase in lung cancer associated with HCHO; other studies have not. Thus, an assessment of possible human risk to HCHO exposure based on dosimetry information throughout the respiratory tract (RT) is desirable. To obtain dosimetry estimates for a risk assessment, two types of models were used. The first model (which is the subject of another investigation) used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to estimate local fluxes in a 3-dimensional model of the nasal region. The subject of the present investigation (the second model) applied a 1-dimensional equation of mass transport to each generation of an adult human symmetric, bifurcating Weibel-type RT anatomical model, augmented by an upper respiratory tract. The two types of modeling approaches were made consistent by requiring that the 1-dimensional version of the nasal passages have the same inspiratory air-flow rate and uptake during inspiration as the CFD simulations for 4 daily human activity levels. Results obtained include the following: (1) More than 95% of the inhaled HCHO is predicted to be retained by the RT. (2) The CFD predictions for inspiration, modified to account for the difference in inspiration and complete breath times, are a good approximation to uptake in the nasal airways during a single breath. (3) In the lower respiratory tract, flux is predicted to increase for several generations and then decrease rapidly. (4) Compared to first pulmonary region generation fluxes, the first few tracheobronchial generations fluxes are over 1000 times larger. Further, there is essentially no flux in the alveolar sacs. (5) Predicted fluxes based on the 1-dimensional model are presented that can be used in a biologically based dose-response model for human carcinogenesis. Use of these fluxes will reduce uncertainty in a risk assessment for formaldehyde carcinogenicity. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Overton, J H AU - Kimbell, J S AU - Miller, F J AD - Experimental Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - Nov 2001 SP - 122 EP - 134 VL - 64 IS - 1 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - man KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24222:Analytical procedures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18431776?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Dosimetry+Modeling+of+Inhaled+Formaldehyde%3A+The+Human+Respiratory+Tract&rft.au=Overton%2C+J+H%3BKimbell%2C+J+S%3BMiller%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Overton&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=122&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential Effects of Two Lots of Aroclor 1254 on Enzyme Induction, Thyroid Hormones, and Oxidative Stress AN - 18280395; 5326571 AB - Aroclor 1254 is a commercial mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), which is defined as being 54% chlorine by weight. However, the congener composition varies from lot to lot. Two lots which have been used in toxicity studies, 124-191 and 6024 (AccuStandard), were analyzed for their congener composition. Lot 6024 has approximately 10 times the dioxin toxic equivalents (TEQ) of lot 124-191. The purpose of this study was to determine if the difference in the TEQ of the two lots explains the different in vivo responses seen on a weight basis. Male Long-Evans rats (70 days old) were treated orally with a single dose of 0-1,000 mg/kg of each lot. Hepatic ethoxy-, methoxy-, and pentoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD, MROD, and PROD, respectively) activities as well as serum thyroxine (T sub(4)) concentrations and measures of oxidative stress were determined 4 days after treatment. Results, on a weight basis, indicate that lot 6024 led to a greater induction of EROD, MROD, and PROD but not total T sub(4) reduction. The differences in TEQ between the lots explained the differential induction of EROD and MROD but did not account for the induction of PROD nor decreases in T sub(4). PROD induction is not due to dioxin-like congeners, whereas the decrease in serum T sub(4) levels may involve multiple mechanisms. Effects on the antioxidants ascorbic acid and uric acid were seen only at the highest mass dose for both lots and were not explained by the difference in TEQ. These results illustrate that the differences in the TEQ explain the differences in the strict dioxin-like effects (EROD, MROD induction), but the non-dioxin-like congeners cause other effects that are not associated with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (e.g., PROD). In addition, supra-additive effects also occur in the mixture (T sub(4), oxidative stress). Thus, current results demonstrate that overall toxicity cannot be predicted on the basis of the TEQ values. It is also critical that the lot number is reported in studies conducted with Aroclor 1254 because the congener composition and therefore the effects observed can be very different. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Burgin, DE AU - Diliberto, J J AU - Derr-Yellin, E C AU - Kannan, N AU - Kodavanti, PRS AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Experimental Toxicology Division, MD 74, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, burgin.deborah@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - Nov 2001 SP - 1163 EP - 1168 VL - 109 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Thyroid hormones KW - Aroclor KW - Oxidative stress KW - Thyroxine KW - Liver KW - Enzymes KW - PCB KW - X 24155:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18280395?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Differential+Effects+of+Two+Lots+of+Aroclor+1254+on+Enzyme+Induction%2C+Thyroid+Hormones%2C+and+Oxidative+Stress&rft.au=Burgin%2C+DE%3BDiliberto%2C+J+J%3BDerr-Yellin%2C+E+C%3BKannan%2C+N%3BKodavanti%2C+PRS%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Burgin&rft.aufirst=DE&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - PCB; Aroclor; Thyroid hormones; Oxidative stress; Liver; Enzymes; Thyroxine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential Effects of Two Lots Of Aroclor 1254: Congener-Specific Analysis and Neurochemical End Points AN - 18276481; 5326561 AB - Aroclor 1254 is a widely studied commercial polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) mixture which, by definition, contains 54% chlorine by weight. Recent reports indicate substantial differences in the congener composition among Aroclor lots and hence their biologic effects. We designed the current study to compare the effects of two lots of Aroclor 1254 (lots 6024 and 124-191). We analyzed these two lots for PCB congeners, polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), and polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs). We used previously established techniques for analyzing intracellular Ca super(2+) buffering and protein kinase C (PKC) translocation to test their biologic activity in neuronal preparations. PCB congener-specific analysis indicated that ortho and non-ortho congeners in these two lots varied in their percent contribution. Among all congeners, the percentages of non-ortho congeners (PCBs 77, 81, 126, and 169) were higher in lot 6024 (2.9% of total) than in lot 124-191 (0.02% of total). We detected no dioxins in these two lots (< 2 ppb). Although there are some differences in the congener composition, total PCNs were similar in both lots: 171 ppm in lot 6024 and 155 ppm in lot 124-191. However, total PCDFs were higher in lot 6024 (38.7 ppm) than in lot 124-191 (11.3 ppm). When we tested these two Aroclors on Ca super(2+) buffering and PKC translocation in brain preparations, the effects were significantly different. Although lot 124-191 was more potent on PKC translocation than lot 6024, lot 6024 was slightly more active on Ca super(2+) buffering than lot 124-191. These effects could not be attributed to the differences in the percentage of non-ortho congeners or PCDFs because they were inactive on these two parameters. The effects could not be attributed to PCNs because the levels were almost similar. The effects seen with two lots of Aroclor 1254 in neuronal cells were also not predicted based on the TCDD toxic equivalents (TEQs), although TEQs predicted the effects on ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) or methoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (MROD) activities. It is possible that the differential effects seen in neuronal cells could be caused by differences in the composition of ortho-congeners in these two mixtures, because PCBs with ortho-lateral substitutions can exhibit different activities on the selected neurochemical end points. Because of these differential effects with different lot numbers, the composition of Aroclor mixtures used in investigations should be disclosed. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Kodavanti, PRS AU - Kannan, N AU - Yamashita, Nobuyoshi AU - Derr-Yellin, E C AU - Ward, T R AU - Burgin, DE AU - Tilson, HA AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Neurotoxicology Division, MD 74B, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, kodavanti.prasada@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - Nov 2001 SP - 1153 EP - 1161 VL - 109 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - calcium buffering KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Protein kinase C KW - Aroclor KW - Neurons KW - Pesticides KW - Brain KW - PCB KW - X 24155:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18276481?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Differential+Effects+of+Two+Lots+Of+Aroclor+1254%3A+Congener-Specific+Analysis+and+Neurochemical+End+Points&rft.au=Kodavanti%2C+PRS%3BKannan%2C+N%3BYamashita%2C+Nobuyoshi%3BDerr-Yellin%2C+E+C%3BWard%2C+T+R%3BBurgin%2C+DE%3BTilson%2C+HA%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Kodavanti&rft.aufirst=PRS&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aroclor; Pesticides; PCB; Neurons; Protein kinase C; Brain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cost-effective reductions of non-CO sub(2) greenhouse gases AN - 18268889; 5329447 AB - To date, most of the focus on greenhouse gas emission reductions has been on energy-related CO sub(2) emissions. This is understandable since CO sub(2) emissions currently account for about 82 percent of the total US greenhouse gas emissions weighted by 100-year global warming potentials (EPA, www.epa.gov/globalwarming/publications/emissions, 2001a). However, a number of analyses suggest that the non-CO sub(2) greenhouse gases included in the Kyoto Protocol--methane, nitrous oxide, and the high-GWP (global warming potential) gases (HFCs, PFCs, and SF sub(6))--can make a significant contribution to cost-effective emission reductions for the US and other countries. Our current estimate for the US is a reduction in non-CO sub(2) emissions of 105 million metric tons of carbon equivalent (MMTCE) at $50/ton carbon equivalent in 2010. This paper provides a perspective on the current and projected emissions of greenhouse gas; outlines the potential methods for achieving emissions reductions for various sources; and summarizes several recent studies on the cost of reductions for the US and other countries. Although the paper does not specifically address the potential for reductions of these gases in individual countries outside the US and the European Union, its findings are generally applicable to many countries. JF - Energy Policy AU - de la Chesnaye, F AU - Harvey, R AU - Kruger, D AU - Laitner, JAS AD - US EPA, Office of Atmospheric Programs, MS 6202J, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20460, USA, delachesnaye.francisco@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - Nov 2001 SP - 1325 EP - 1331 VL - 29 IS - 14 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - Kyoto Protocol KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Methane KW - Climatic changes KW - Emission control KW - Nitrous oxide KW - Economics KW - Global warming KW - Greenhouse gases KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18268889?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Policy&rft.atitle=Cost-effective+reductions+of+non-CO+sub%282%29+greenhouse+gases&rft.au=de+la+Chesnaye%2C+F%3BHarvey%2C+R%3BKruger%2C+D%3BLaitner%2C+JAS&rft.aulast=de+la+Chesnaye&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=1325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Greenhouse gases; Emission control; Economics; Nitrous oxide; Methane; Global warming; Climatic changes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Space-time analysis of precipitation-weighted sulfate concentrations over the eastern US AN - 18212842; 5285093 AB - This paper illustrates a simple technique of performing space-time analysis of precipitation-weighted SO super(2) sub(4) super(-) concentration data across the eastern US that were collected by the National atmospheric deposition program. Using a moving average filter and two-dimensional spatial data filtering algorithm on the time series of precipitation-weighted SO super(2) sub(4) super(-) concentrations, we show that decreases of about 50% have occurred in SO super(2) sub(4) super(-) concentrations in Minnesota, Wisconsin, and over the northeastern US between 1985 and 1998, generally consistent with SO sub(2) emissions' reductions over this period. The decreases in SO super(2) sub(4) super(-) concentrations tended to be smaller in the midwest and south. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Civerolo, K AU - Rao, ST AD - New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Office of Science and Technology, Room 190, 50 Wolf Road, Albany, NY 12233, USA, strao@air.dec.state.ny.us Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - Nov 2001 SP - 5657 EP - 5661 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 35 IS - 32 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Numerical data filters KW - Sulfates KW - Historical account KW - USA, East KW - Atmospheric pollution trends KW - Wet deposition KW - Time series analysis KW - USA, Wisconsin KW - USA, Minnesota KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Sulfate in precipitation KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.577:General Precipitation (551.577) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18212842?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Space-time+analysis+of+precipitation-weighted+sulfate+concentrations+over+the+eastern+US&rft.au=Civerolo%2C+K%3BRao%2C+ST&rft.aulast=Civerolo&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=32&rft.spage=5657&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, East; USA, Wisconsin; USA, Minnesota; Sulfates; Atmospheric chemistry; Historical account; Wet deposition; Sulfate in precipitation; Atmospheric pollution trends; Time series analysis; Numerical data filters ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating the sensitivity of a subsurface multicomponent reactive transport model with respect to transport and reaction parameters AN - 18207971; 5276946 AB - The input variables for a numerical model of reactive solute transport in groundwater include both transport parameters, such as hydraulic conductivity and infiltration, and reaction parameters that describe the important chemical and biological processes in the system. These parameters are subject to uncertainty due to measurement error and due to the spatial variability of properties in the subsurface environment. This paper compares the relative effects of uncertainty in the transport and reaction parameters on the results of a solute transport model. This question is addressed by comparing the magnitudes of the local sensitivity coefficients for transport and reaction parameters. General sensitivity equations are presented for transport parameters, reaction parameters, and the initial (background) concentrations in the problem domain. Parameter sensitivity coefficients are then calculated for an example problem in which uranium(VI) hydrolysis species are transported through a two-dimensional domain with a spatially variable pattern of surface complexation sites. In this example, the reaction model includes equilibrium speciation reactions and mass transfer-limited non-electrostatic surface complexation reactions. The set of parameters to which the model is most sensitive includes the initial concentration of one of the surface sites, the formation constant (K sub(f)) of one of the surface complexes and the hydraulic conductivity within the reactive zone. For this example problem, the sensitivity analysis demonstrates that transport and reaction parameters are equally important in terms of how their variability affects the model results. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Tebes-Stevens, CL AU - Espinoza, F AU - Valocchi, A J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Ecosystems Research Division, Athens, GA 30605, USA, Stevens.Caroline@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - November 2001 SP - 3 EP - 27 VL - 52 IS - 1-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Conductance KW - Case Studies KW - Geochemistry KW - Groundwater flow KW - Hydrogeology KW - Model Studies KW - Sensitivity Analysis KW - Solutes KW - Solute Transport KW - Solute transport by groundwater KW - Chemical Reactions KW - Groundwater KW - Modelling (Hydrological) KW - Groundwater pollutant transport KW - Hydraulic Properties KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes KW - M2 556.388:Pollution (of groundwater). Protective measures KW - SW 0840:Groundwater KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes KW - M2 556.34:Groundwater Flow (556.34) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18207971?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Evaluating+the+sensitivity+of+a+subsurface+multicomponent+reactive+transport+model+with+respect+to+transport+and+reaction+parameters&rft.au=Tebes-Stevens%2C+CL%3BEspinoza%2C+F%3BValocchi%2C+A+J&rft.aulast=Tebes-Stevens&rft.aufirst=CL&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Practical Applications of Coupled Process Models in Subsurface Environments. N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Solute transport by groundwater; Groundwater pollutant transport; Solutes; Conductance; Hydrogeology; Groundwater flow; Modelling (Hydrological); Sensitivity Analysis; Solute Transport; Case Studies; Geochemistry; Chemical Reactions; Groundwater; Hydraulic Properties; Model Studies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Benefits of water quality policies: the Chesapeake Bay AN - 16130100; 5300381 AB - The Chesapeake Bay is a unique and treasured natural resource. It is the largest estuary on the Atlantic coast and one of the largest estuaries in the world. The Chesapeake drains portions of six states: Virginia, Maryland, Delaware, Pennsylvania, New York, and West Virginia and the District of Columbia. As testimony to its importance, the US Congress issued a directive in 1976 to the Chesapeake Bay Program (CBP) to examine and identify the factors that were altering the conditions of the Bay. Nutrient delivery to the Bay, which has increased dramatically over time, was identified as one of the factors and has been the primary focus of research and policy efforts related to achieving water quality improvements. The purpose of this paper is to estimate the benefits of water quality legislation in the Bay region from 1972, the year the Clean Water Act (CWA) was promulgated, to 1996. Nutrients, nitrogen and phosphorous, are the dominant criteria addressed by this case study. Benefits are assessed from a 'with-without' perspective. That is, 1996 water quality is compared with what it would have been in 1996 without the CWA and related legislation. The US EPA CBP Watershed and Water Quality Models were used to determine the distribution of nutrient loadings from point and non-point sources and characterize water quality. Modeling results indicate that conditions in the Bay are improved in some areas for some pollutants. Total phosphorus has decreased dramatically from 'without' concentrations in all major tributaries and segments of the Chesapeake Bay. The monetized annual boating, fishing, and swimming benefits of water quality improvements in the Chesapeake Bay range from $357.9 million to $1.8 billion. These benefit estimates represent use values for persons living in the District of Columbia, and portions of Maryland and Virginia. Residents of Delaware, New York, and Pennsylvania, which are also part of the Bay Watershed, are not included in this analysis. As such, this range likely underestimates the true benefits of Bay water quality improvement. JF - Ecological Economics AU - Morgan, C AU - Owens, N AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Economics, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW (1809), Washington, DC 20460, USA, morgan.cynthia@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - Nov 2001 SP - 271 EP - 284 VL - 39 IS - 2 SN - 0921-8009, 0921-8009 KW - Clean Water Act KW - USA, Chesapeake Bay KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Coastal environments KW - Nutrient loading KW - Phosphorus KW - Nutrients KW - Water quality KW - Watersheds KW - environmental policy KW - Cost-benefit analysis KW - Water Pollution Control KW - Pollutants KW - Recreational waters KW - Water Quality Control KW - USA, Maryland KW - Bays KW - Coasts KW - Estuaries KW - Nonpoint Pollution Sources KW - Brackish KW - USA, Virginia KW - Nonpoint pollution KW - Environmental legislation KW - ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay KW - USA, West Virginia KW - USA, New York KW - Water quality control KW - USA, Pennsylvania KW - Nutrients (mineral) KW - Bay dynamics KW - Legislation KW - USA, Delaware KW - Water policy KW - Pollution control KW - Nitrogen KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - M3 1130:Water KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16130100?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Economics&rft.atitle=Benefits+of+water+quality+policies%3A+the+Chesapeake+Bay&rft.au=Morgan%2C+C%3BOwens%2C+N&rft.aulast=Morgan&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Economics&rft.issn=09218009&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water quality control; Estuaries; Recreational waters; Phosphorus; Nutrients (mineral); Environmental legislation; Bay dynamics; Nitrogen; Pollution control; Coastal environments; Pollutants; Nutrient loading; Watersheds; Water quality; Legislation; Water policy; Coasts; Cost-benefit analysis; Clean Water Act; Nonpoint pollution; environmental policy; Water Pollution Control; Nonpoint Pollution Sources; Nutrients; Water Quality Control; Bays; USA, Pennsylvania; USA, Virginia; USA, West Virginia; USA, Maryland; ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay; USA, New York; USA, Delaware; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk assessment for Cryptosporidium: A hierarchical Bayesian analysis of human dose response data AN - 16128135; 5219148 AB - Three dose-response studies were conducted with healthy volunteers using different Cryptosporidium parvum isolates (IOWA, TAMU, and UCP). The study data were previously analyzed for median infectious dose (ID sub(50)) using a simple cumulative percent endpoint method (Reed and Muench, 1938). ID sub(50)s were derived using two definitions of infection: one as subjects having oocysts detected in stool by direct fluorescence assay, and the other by a clinical finding of diarrhea with or without detected oocysts (Chappell et al., 1998; Okhuysen et al., 1999). In the present study, the data were analyzed using the broader definition of infection (i.e., presence of oocysts in stool and/or diarrheal illness characteristic of cryptosporidiosis). Maximum likelihood dose-response parameter estimates for UCP, IOWA, and TAMU were 2980, 190, and 17.5, respectively. Based on these estimates, the ID sub(50)s of the three respective isolates were 2066, 132, and 12.1. The three oocyst isolates were considered representative of a larger population of human-infecting strains and analyzed as combined data using a hierarchical Bayesian model. Hyperparameters defined the distribution of dose-response parameters for the population of strains. Output from Markov Chain Monte Carlo analysis described posterior distributions for the hyperparameters and for the parameters of the IOWA, TAMU, and UCP strains. Point estimates of dose-response parameters produced by this analysis were similar to the maximum likelihood estimates. Finally, the utility of these results for probabilistic risk assessment was evaluated. The risk of infection from single oocyst doses was derived for a mixture of the three isolates (where IOWA, TAMU, or UCP are equally likely), and for an oocyst selected at random from the larger population of strains. These estimated risks of infection were 0.018 and 0.028, respectively. JF - Water Research AU - Messner, MJ AU - Chappell, CL AU - Okhuysen, P C AD - USEPA Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, 1200 Pennsylvania AVE NW (4607), Washington, DC 20460, USA, messner.michael@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - Nov 2001 SP - 3934 EP - 3940 VL - 35 IS - 16 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - man KW - Risk Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Water Pollution KW - Probability KW - Bayesian analysis KW - Modelling (Water quality) KW - Infection KW - Monte Carlo Method KW - Drinking Water KW - Human Diseases KW - Dose-response effects KW - Environmental issues KW - Experimental Data KW - Case study KW - Risk analysis KW - Oocysts KW - Water pollution KW - Cryptosporidium parvum KW - Risk KW - Markov Process KW - Protozoa KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Cryptosporidium KW - Monitoring KW - Drinking water KW - Pollution (Water) KW - Water quality (Natural waters) KW - Pollution control KW - K 03090:Protozoa: human KW - H 3000:Environment and Ecology KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes KW - R2 23050:Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16128135?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research&rft.atitle=Risk+assessment+for+Cryptosporidium%3A+A+hierarchical+Bayesian+analysis+of+human+dose+response+data&rft.au=Messner%2C+MJ%3BChappell%2C+CL%3BOkhuysen%2C+P+C&rft.aulast=Messner&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=3934&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Probability; Bayesian analysis; Dose-response effects; Drinking water; Water pollution; Case study; Risk analysis; Protozoa; Modelling (Water quality); Environmental issues; Monitoring; Pollution (Water); Water quality (Natural waters); Pollution control; Water Pollution; Risk; Experimental Data; Drinking Water; Markov Process; Oocysts; Human Diseases; Water Pollution Effects; Cryptosporidium; Monte Carlo Method; Infection; Cryptosporidium parvum ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Federal agency targets cafeteria food waste stream AN - 39407858; 3630681 AU - Naser, K D AU - Green, R Y1 - 2001/10/29/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Oct 29 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39407858?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Federal+agency+targets+cafeteria+food+waste+stream&rft.au=Naser%2C+K+D%3BGreen%2C+R&rft.aulast=Naser&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2001-10-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management, Widener University, One University Place, Chester, PA 19013-5792, USA N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Characterization of the noise produced from a discotheque with the mathematical model mithra AN - 39390244; 3639369 AU - Varaldi, C AU - Cinel, CA Y1 - 2001/10/29/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Oct 29 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39390244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+the+noise+produced+from+a+discotheque+with+the+mathematical+model+mithra&rft.au=Varaldi%2C+C%3BCinel%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Varaldi&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-10-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Acoustical Society of The Netherlands, P.O. Box 1067, NL-2600 BB Delft, The Netherlands; phone: 31-15-2692428; fax: 31-15-2625403; URL: www.internoise2001.tudelft.nl. Paper No. 7B.11.04 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using milk urea nitrogen to evaluate diet formulation and environmental impact on dairy farms. AN - 71401966; 12805886 AB - Reducing nitrogen (N) excretion by dairy cattle is the most effective means to reduce N losses (runoff, volatilization, and leaching) from dairy farms. The objectives of this review are to examine the use of milk urea nitrogen (MUN) to measure N excretion and utilization efficiency in lactating dairy cows and to examine impacts of overfeeding N to dairy cows in the Chesapeake Bay drainage basin. A mathematical model was developed and evaluated with an independent literature data set to integrate MUN and milk composition to predict urinary and fecal excretion, intake, and utilization efficiency for N in lactating dairy cows. This model was subsequently used to develop target MUN concentrations for lactating dairy cattle fed according to National Research Council (NRC) recommendations. Target values calculated in this manner were 8 to 14 mg/dl for a typical lactation and were most sensitive to change in milk production and crude protein intake. Routine use of MUN to monitor dairy cattle diets was introduced to dairy farms (n = 1156) in the Chesapeake Bay watershed. Participating farmers (n = 454) were provided with the results of their MUN analyses and interpretive information monthly for a period of 6 months. The average MUN across all farms in the study increased in the spring, but the increase was 0.52 mg/dl lower for farmers receiving MUN results compared to those who did not participate in the program. This change indicated that participating farmers reduced N feeding compared to nonparticipants. Average efficiency of feed N utilization (N in milk / N in feed x 100) was 24.5% (SD = 4.5). On average, farmers fed 6.6% more N than recommended by the NRC, resulting in a 16% increase in urinary N and a 2.7% increase in fecal N compared to feeding to requirement. N loading to the Chesapeake Bay from overfeeding protein to lactating dairy cattle was estimated to be 7.6 million kg/year. MUN is a useful tool to measure diet adequacy and environmental impact from dairy farms. JF - TheScientificWorldJournal AU - Jonker, J S AU - Kohn, R A AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. jsj2@cornell.edu Y1 - 2001/10/18/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Oct 18 SP - 852 EP - 859 VL - 1 Suppl 2 KW - Proteins KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants KW - Urea KW - 8W8T17847W KW - Nitrogen KW - N762921K75 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environment KW - Animals KW - Agriculture -- economics KW - Cattle KW - Seawater KW - Pilot Projects KW - Diet KW - Proteins -- administration & dosage KW - Feces -- chemistry KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Lactation KW - Water Pollutants -- analysis KW - Animal Feed KW - Nitrogen -- analysis KW - Dairying KW - Nitrogen -- metabolism KW - Milk -- chemistry KW - Urea -- chemistry KW - Nitrogen -- urine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71401966?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TheScientificWorldJournal&rft.atitle=Using+milk+urea+nitrogen+to+evaluate+diet+formulation+and+environmental+impact+on+dairy+farms.&rft.au=Jonker%2C+J+S%3BKohn%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Jonker&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-10-18&rft.volume=1+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=852&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=TheScientificWorldJournal&rft.issn=1537-744X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-04-08 N1 - Date created - 2003-06-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diffuse alveolar damage after exposure to an oil fly ash. AN - 72267268; 11704605 AB - Epidemiological investigation has established an association between exposure to particulate matter (PM) and both human mortality and diverse indices of human morbidity. However, attributing adverse health effects of specific individuals to PM exposure in these studies is not possible. Consequently, their clinical presentation remains ill-defined. We describe a 42-yr-old male with both respiratory damage, abnormal blood end points, and cardiac effects following an exposure to an emission source air pollution particle aerosolized during the cleaning of his domestic oil-burning stove. Early symptoms of shortness of breath and wheezing progressed over 2 wk to hypoxic respiratory failure necessitating mechanical ventilation. Blood indices were abnormal. Thoracoscopic biopsy demonstrated particle-laden macrophages and diffuse alveolar damage. Symptomatic and objective improvement rapidly followed initiation of corticosteroids. He developed typical anginal symptoms within 2 wk of discharge; however, coronary angiography did not identify any significant narrowing of the epicardial coronary arteries. This patient presents with the aggregate of potential injuries described by epidemiological methods to be associated with air pollution particle exposure. JF - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine AU - Ghio, A J AU - Gilbey, J G AU - Roggli, V L AU - Richards, J H AU - McGee, J K AU - Carson, J L AU - Devlin, R B AU - Cascio, W E AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 2001/10/15/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Oct 15 SP - 1514 EP - 1518 VL - 164 IS - 8 Pt 1 SN - 1073-449X, 1073-449X KW - Oils KW - 0 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Lung Diseases -- etiology KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Male KW - Air Pollution -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Pulmonary Alveoli UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72267268?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.atitle=Diffuse+alveolar+damage+after+exposure+to+an+oil+fly+ash.&rft.au=Ghio%2C+A+J%3BGilbey%2C+J+G%3BRoggli%2C+V+L%3BRichards%2C+J+H%3BMcGee%2C+J+K%3BCarson%2C+J+L%3BDevlin%2C+R+B%3BCascio%2C+W+E&rft.aulast=Ghio&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-10-15&rft.volume=164&rft.issue=8+Pt+1&rft.spage=1514&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.issn=1073449X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-01-22 N1 - Date created - 2001-11-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial inhibitors for U.S. EPA drinking water methods for the determination of organic compounds. AN - 72239384; 11686373 AB - Preservation of chemical analytes in drinking water samples is necessary to obtain accurate information concerning contaminant occurrence. Sample preservation to prevent biodegradation is important for most samples and analytes. With the unique demands of environmental methods, it is not always possible to kill all microorganisms without having undesirable effects. To find a suitable preservative, the sample, analysis, and preservation needs should be considered. During method development of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Methods 526 (for unstable semivolatile compounds) and 532 (for phenylurea pesticides), a number of studies were conducted to identify compatible microbial inhibitors. Copper sulfate was successfully used in Method 532 and is an excellent first-choice antimicrobial agent for many applications. Copper sulfate can catalyze hydrolysis reactions for some pesticides such as those analyzed in Method 526. Under these conditions, a nonmetal compound of antimicrobial activity must be considered. During the development of Method 526, a survey of alternate organic based antimicrobial compounds found that diazolidinyl urea worked well in the method. Several other candidate microbial inhibitors were identified that could have application to other environmental methods. A general approach to selecting antimicrobial compounds in future environmental methods in water matrixes is discussed. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Winslow, S D AU - Pepich, B V AU - Bassett, M V AU - Wendelken, S C AU - Munch, D J AU - Sinclair, J L AD - IT Corporation, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA. winslow.stephen@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/10/15/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Oct 15 SP - 4103 EP - 4110 VL - 35 IS - 20 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Anti-Infective Agents, Local KW - 0 KW - Antidotes KW - Organic Chemicals KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Urea KW - 8W8T17847W KW - diazolidinylurea KW - H5RIZ3MPW4 KW - Copper Sulfate KW - LRX7AJ16DT KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Anti-Infective Agents, Local -- chemistry KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Antidotes -- chemistry KW - Specimen Handling KW - Copper Sulfate -- chemistry KW - Urea -- chemistry KW - Urea -- analogs & derivatives KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Water Supply KW - Organic Chemicals -- analysis KW - Water Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72239384?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Microbial+inhibitors+for+U.S.+EPA+drinking+water+methods+for+the+determination+of+organic+compounds.&rft.au=Winslow%2C+S+D%3BPepich%2C+B+V%3BBassett%2C+M+V%3BWendelken%2C+S+C%3BMunch%2C+D+J%3BSinclair%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Winslow&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-10-15&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=4103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-02-12 N1 - Date created - 2001-10-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Cellular Metabolism and Systemic Toxicity of Arsenic AN - 18124771; 5218396 AB - Although it has been known for decades that humans and many other species convert inorganic arsenic to mono- and dimethylated metabolites, relatively little attention has been given to the biological effects of these methylated products. It has been widely held that inorganic arsenicals were the species that accounted for the toxic and carcinogenic effects of this metalloid and that methylation was properly regarded as a mechanism for detoxification of arsenic. Elucidation of the metabolic pathway for arsenic has changed our understanding of the significance of methylation. Both methylated and dimethylated arsenicals that contain arsenic in the trivalent oxidation state have been identified as intermediates in the metabolic pathway. These compounds have been detected in human cells cultured in the presence of inorganic arsenic and in urine of individuals who were chronically exposed to inorganic arsenic. Methylated and dimethylated arsenicals that contain arsenic in the trivalent oxidation state are more cytotoxic, more genotoxic, and more potent inhibitors of the activities of some enzymes than are inorganic arsenicals that contain arsenic in the trivalent oxidation state. Hence, it is reasonable to describe the methylation of arsenic as a pathway for its activation, not as a mode of detoxification. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the processes that control the formation and fate of the methylated metabolites of arsenic and of the biological effects of these compounds. Given the considerable interest in the dose-response relationships for arsenic as a toxin and a carcinogen, understanding the metabolism of arsenic may be critical to assessing the risk associated with chronic exposure to this element. Copyright 2001 Academic Press. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Thomas, D J AU - Styblo, M AU - Lin, S AD - Pharmacokinetics Branch, Experimental Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 27711, thomas.david@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/10/15/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Oct 15 SP - 127 EP - 144 PB - Academic Press VL - 176 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - toxicity KW - metabolism KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Arsenic KW - Reviews KW - Carcinogens KW - Methylation KW - X 24250:Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18124771?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=The+Cellular+Metabolism+and+Systemic+Toxicity+of+Arsenic&rft.au=Thomas%2C+D+J%3BStyblo%2C+M%3BLin%2C+S&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-10-15&rft.volume=176&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1006%2Ftaap.2001.9258 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carcinogens; Methylation; Arsenic; Reviews DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/taap.2001.9258 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of two lead-based paint removal and waste stabilization technology combinations on typical exterior surfaces AN - 18341106; 5219682 AB - A study was conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of a wet abrasive blasting technology to remove lead-based paint from exterior wood siding and brick substrates as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of two waste stabilization technologies to stabilize the resulting blast media (coal slag and mineral sand) paint debris thereby reducing the leachable lead content. The lead-based paint removal technology effectiveness was determined by the use of an X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrum analyzer (L- and K-shell). The effectiveness of the technologies to stabilize the debris was evaluated through the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP). Wet abrasive blasting effectively removed the lead-based paint coating from both the wood and brick substrates to below the US Department of Housing and Urban Development Guideline (1 mg/cm super(2)) with no minimal or no damage to the underlying substrates (P < 0.0001). The mean area air levels of lead-containing particulate generated during paint removal were significantly below the personal exposure limit (PEL) (P < 0.0001). However, the mean personal breathing zone lead levels were approximately three times higher than the PEL. Neither of the two stabilization technologies consistently stabilized the resultant paint debris to achieve a leachable lead content below the RCRA regulatory threshold of <5 mg/l. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Daniels, A E AU - Kominsky, J R AU - Clark, P J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, USA, daniels.alva@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2001/10/12/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Oct 12 SP - 117 EP - 126 VL - 87 IS - 1-3 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Heavy metals KW - Cleaning process KW - Lead KW - Paints KW - Technology KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18341106?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+two+lead-based+paint+removal+and+waste+stabilization+technology+combinations+on+typical+exterior+surfaces&rft.au=Daniels%2C+A+E%3BKominsky%2C+J+R%3BClark%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Daniels&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-10-12&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cleaning process; Heavy metals; Lead; Technology; Paints ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling of the lactational transfer of methylmercury. AN - 72401866; 11798123 AB - The developmental neurotoxicity of methylmercury (MeHg) in humans has been described following catastrophic events in Minamata Bay, Japan and in Iraq, and following the exposure to lower doses elsewhere in the world. The most common route of MeHg exposure in humans is through the intake of contaminated food, especially fish. Although the precautions against the ingestion of potentially contaminated food during pregnancy are well recognized, precautions against the ingestion of MeHg during lactation are not so uniformly recognized. However, the continued development of the central nervous system during the early postnatal period serves to prolong the period during which this critical system is susceptible to the toxic insult of MeHg. Because no direct method is available to quantitatively assess the lactational transfer of MeHg to humans, a computer-aided simulation method was developed. An available gestational physiologically based pharmacokinetic model was refined and expanded to include parameters and algorithms specific for the elimination of MeHg in breast milk. The predictions of the completed model were compared with experimental data obtained from rodents, and the model parameters were allometrically scaled to humans. Finally, the model was validated by comparing its predictions against the available clinical data for MeHg distribution and elimination in mothers and their nursing infants. This model incorporated current and previous maternal exposures to MeHg to accurately predict the kinetics of MeHg excretion in breast milk and the daily intake by the nursing infant. This model may be used to quantify MeHg intake by the nursing infant, under different rates of maternal MeHg ingestion. JF - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis AU - Byczkowski, J Z AU - Lipscomb, J C AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Cincinnati, OH, USA. JanuszB@aol.com Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 869 EP - 882 VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Methylmercury Compounds KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Milk, Human -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Food Contamination KW - Female KW - Risk Assessment KW - Pregnancy KW - Lactation KW - Breast Feeding -- adverse effects KW - Models, Biological KW - Methylmercury Compounds -- toxicity KW - Methylmercury Compounds -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72401866?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Physiologically+based+pharmacokinetic+modeling+of+the+lactational+transfer+of+methylmercury.&rft.au=Byczkowski%2C+J+Z%3BLipscomb%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Byczkowski&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=869&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-03-04 N1 - Date created - 2002-01-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison and evaluation of laboratory performance on a method for the determination of perchlorate in fertilizers. AN - 72255539; 11695111 AB - This report details the interlaboratory validation of a method for the determination of perchlorate in fertilizers. In this method (EPA/600/R-01/026), a solid sample of fertilizer is ground. Subsequently, the ground material is either leached with deionized water to dissolve any perchlorate salt in the case of minimally soluble fertilizers (e.g. supertriplephosphate or timed-release products), or simply dissolved in the case of highly soluble fertilizers (e.g. urea, NaNO3 or KCl). The resulting aqueous solution is then subjected to ion chromatography with suppressed conductivity detection. Four laboratories applied the method to field samples of 48 different products (commodity chemicals) and to seven quality control samples prepared by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Additional tests were conducted by three other laboratories on specific materials. Recovery (81-111%) was demonstrated on spikes of known concentration, and a preliminary assured reporting level was determined for each fertilizer matrix by each laboratory. Injection-to-injection precision was satisfactory: generally less than 15% difference, and always less than 25%. All of the laboratories used Dionex IonPac AG16 guard and AS16 separation columns with NaOH or KOH as eluent. Detection was by suppressed conductivity. The method was shown to be sufficiently robust for the screening of fertilizers for perchlorate, but performance was low on a mixture of siliceous minerals (kaolinite and bentonite). Both laboratory performance and method performance are validated. JF - Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM AU - Urbansky, E T AU - Collette, T W AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Water Supply and Water Resources Division, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. urbansky.edward@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 454 EP - 462 VL - 3 IS - 5 SN - 1464-0325, 1464-0325 KW - Fertilizers KW - 0 KW - Perchlorates KW - Sodium Compounds KW - sodium perchlorate KW - 97F4MTY3VA KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Chromatography KW - Calibration KW - Sodium Compounds -- analysis KW - Sodium Compounds -- chemistry KW - Fertilizers -- analysis KW - Perchlorates -- chemistry KW - Perchlorates -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72255539?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+monitoring+%3A+JEM&rft.atitle=Comparison+and+evaluation+of+laboratory+performance+on+a+method+for+the+determination+of+perchlorate+in+fertilizers.&rft.au=Urbansky%2C+E+T%3BCollette%2C+T+W&rft.aulast=Urbansky&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=454&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+monitoring+%3A+JEM&rft.issn=14640325&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-02-20 N1 - Date created - 2001-11-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An analytical method for the measurement of nonviable bioaerosols. AN - 72241674; 11686248 AB - Exposures from indoor environments are a major issue for evaluating total long-term personal exposures to the fine fraction (<2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter) of particulate matter (PM). It is widely accepted in the indoor air quality (IAQ) research community that biocontamination is one of the important indoor air pollutants. Major indoor air biocontaminants include mold, bacteria, dust mites, and other antigens. Once the biocontaminants or their metabolites become airborne, IAQ could be significantly deteriorated. The airborne biocontaminants or their metabolites can induce irritational, allergic, infectious, and chemical responses in exposed individuals. Biocontaminants, such as some mold spores or pollen grains, because of their size and mass, settle rapidly within the indoor environment. Over time they may become nonviable and fragmented by the process of desiccation. Desiccated nonviable fragments of organisms are common and can be toxic or allergenic, depending upon the specific organism or organism component. Once these smaller and lighter fragments of biological PM become suspended in air, they have a greater tendency to stay suspended. Although some bioaerosols have been identified, few have been quantitatively studied for their prevalence within the total indoor PM with time, or for their affinity to penetrate indoors. This paper describes a preliminary research effort to develop a methodology for the measurement of nonviable biologically based PM, analyzing for mold and ragweed antigens and endotoxins. The research objectives include the development of a set of analytical methods and the comparison of impactor media and sample size, and the quantification of the relationship between outdoor and indoor levels of bioaerosols. Indoor and outdoor air samples were passed through an Andersen nonviable cascade impactor in which particles from 0.2 to 9.0 microm were collected and analyzed. The presence of mold, ragweed, and endotoxin was found in all eight size ranges. The presence of respirable particles of mold and pollen found in the fine particle size range from 0.2 to 5.25 microm is evidence of fragmentation of larger source particles that are known allergens. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995) AU - Menetrez, M Y AU - Foarde, K K AU - Ensor, D S AD - National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Air Pollution Prevention & Control Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 1436 EP - 1442 VL - 51 IS - 10 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Aerosols KW - 0 KW - Air Pollutants KW - Allergens KW - Dust KW - Endotoxins KW - Plant Proteins KW - Index Medicus KW - Aerosols -- analysis KW - Regression Analysis KW - Animals KW - Plant Proteins -- analysis KW - Particle Size KW - Mites KW - Allergens -- analysis KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Fungi KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Endotoxins -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72241674?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.atitle=An+analytical+method+for+the+measurement+of+nonviable+bioaerosols.&rft.au=Menetrez%2C+M+Y%3BFoarde%2C+K+K%3BEnsor%2C+D+S&rft.aulast=Menetrez&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1436&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-04 N1 - Date created - 2001-10-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Managing uncertainty in environmental decisions. AN - 72210196; 11642468 JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Crumbling, D M AU - Groenjes, C AU - Lesnik, B AU - Lynch, K AU - Shockley, J AU - van Ee, J AU - Howe, R AU - Keith, L AU - McKenna, J AD - U.S. EPA Technology Innovation Office, Washington, DC, USA. Y1 - 2001/10/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Oct 01 SP - 404A EP - 409A VL - 35 IS - 19 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Hazardous Waste KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Forecasting KW - Public Policy KW - Quality Control KW - Risk Assessment KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Decision Making KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72210196?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Managing+uncertainty+in+environmental+decisions.&rft.au=Crumbling%2C+D+M%3BGroenjes%2C+C%3BLesnik%2C+B%3BLynch%2C+K%3BShockley%2C+J%3Bvan+Ee%2C+J%3BHowe%2C+R%3BKeith%2C+L%3BMcKenna%2C+J&rft.aulast=Crumbling&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=404A&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-02-12 N1 - Date created - 2001-10-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stable association complex electrospray mass spectrometry for the determination of cyanuric acid. AN - 72207951; 11605969 AB - Cyanuric acid, a suspected gastrointestinal or liver toxicant, has gained interest as a potential degradation product of triazine herbicides, such as simazine and atrazine. This paper investigates the determination of cyanuric acid by stable association complex electrospray mass spectrometry (cESI-MS). The cyanuric acid is extracted from the water through a microscale liquid-liquid extraction. The extract is evaporated to dryness, and an aqueous solution of quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant is added. When injected into the electrospray mass spectrometer, the surfactant and the cyanuric acid form a mass-selective stable association complex, which may be used for confident quantification of cyanuric acid. Several extraction solvents and surfactants were investigated. These studies provide insight into the mechanism of electrospray for the formation of these complexes, specifically with regard to the surface activity of the different surfactants and the chemistry of the surfactant-cyanuric acid complexes. From an analytical standpoint, the cESI-MS method detection limit for extraction of a 1 mL aqueous solution of cyanuric acid was 130 microg/L based on 3.14sigma(n-1) of seven replicate injections. Standard additions were used for quantification of eight aqueous samples. The cyanuric acid concentrations determined with cESI-MS were not significantly different at the 95% confidence level to those determined by conventional high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A recovery of 100% from a fortified urine sample illustrates the robustness of the technique. JF - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry AU - Magnuson, M L AU - Kelty, C A AU - Cantú, R AD - Water Supply and Water Resources Division, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA. Magnuson.Matthew@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 1085 EP - 1091 VL - 12 IS - 10 SN - 1044-0305, 1044-0305 KW - Indicators and Reagents KW - 0 KW - Quaternary Ammonium Compounds KW - Surface-Active Agents KW - Triazines KW - cyanuric acid KW - H497R4QKTZ KW - Index Medicus KW - Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization KW - Flow Injection Analysis KW - Quaternary Ammonium Compounds -- chemistry KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Triazines -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72207951?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Society+for+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.atitle=Stable+association+complex+electrospray+mass+spectrometry+for+the+determination+of+cyanuric+acid.&rft.au=Magnuson%2C+M+L%3BKelty%2C+C+A%3BCant%C3%BA%2C+R&rft.aulast=Magnuson&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1085&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Society+for+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.issn=10440305&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-11-01 N1 - Date created - 2001-10-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rodent models of susceptibility: what is their place in inhalation toxicology? AN - 71146501; 11535263 AB - There is renewed interest in inhalation toxicology regarding 'susceptibility' as associated with host variables, including genetics, age, diet, and disease. This interest derives from epidemiology that shows air pollution-related human mortality/morbidity, especially among individuals with cardiopulmonary disease. Several animal models with experimental or genetically-based cardiopulmonary diseases are now being incorporated into inhalation toxicology studies to investigate mechanisms that underlie host susceptibility. However, current models have strengths and limitations as to how they mimic the essential features of human diseases. To date, animal models of pulmonary hypertension, bronchitis, asthma, and cardiovascular disease, but not emphysema, appear to exhibit greater susceptibility to air pollution particulate matter. As in humans, host susceptibility appears to involve multiple genetic and environmental factors, and is poorly understood, but the database of information is growing rapidly. As existing models gain wider use, our understanding of the models will improve and encourage refinements/development of models that integrate both genetic and environmental factors to better mimic the human condition. JF - Respiration physiology AU - Kodavanti, U P AU - Costa, D L AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, MD 82, Experimental Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. kodavanti.urmila@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 57 EP - 70 VL - 128 IS - 1 SN - 0034-5687, 0034-5687 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Mice KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Toxicology KW - Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive -- etiology KW - Cardiovascular Diseases -- etiology KW - Air Pollution -- adverse effects KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71146501?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Respiration+physiology&rft.atitle=Rodent+models+of+susceptibility%3A+what+is+their+place+in+inhalation+toxicology%3F&rft.au=Kodavanti%2C+U+P%3BCosta%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Kodavanti&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Respiration+physiology&rft.issn=00345687&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-04 N1 - Date created - 2001-09-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biosolids applications affect runoff water quality following forest fire AN - 52140987; 2002-017260 JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Meyer, V F AU - Redente, E F AU - Barbarick, K A AU - Brobst, R Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 1528 EP - 1532 PB - American Society of Agronomy, [and] Crop Science Society of America, [and] Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 30 IS - 5 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - water quality KW - erosion KW - total Kjeldahl nitrogen KW - vegetation KW - drinking water KW - environmental effects KW - remediation KW - nitrogen KW - fires KW - water treatment KW - chemical properties KW - soil erosion KW - chemical composition KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - forests KW - concentration KW - soil profiles KW - solid phase KW - nutrients KW - physical properties KW - runoff KW - biosolids KW - erodibility KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52140987?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Biosolids+applications+affect+runoff+water+quality+following+forest+fire&rft.au=Meyer%2C+V+F%3BRedente%2C+E+F%3BBarbarick%2C+K+A%3BBrobst%2C+R&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1528&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JEVQAA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biosolids; chemical composition; chemical properties; concentration; drinking water; environmental effects; erodibility; erosion; fires; forests; hydrology; nitrogen; nutrients; physical properties; remediation; runoff; soil erosion; soil profiles; soils; solid phase; total Kjeldahl nitrogen; vegetation; water quality; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mesoscale model for morphologic change at tidal inlets AN - 52126532; 2002-030489 AB - A mesoscale modeling system (time step of hours, space step of 100 m) for bathymetric change at tidal inlets is described. The Mesoscale Inlet Morphology modeling system is composed of a linked two-dimensional (depth-integrated) hydrodynamic module, a wave transformation module, a shoreline change module, and a sediment transport module. A hybrid modeling scheme is employed, featuring a microscale (time steps of minutes) hydrodynamic module within a mesoscale model. Sediment transport is assumed to be as bed load outside of the surf zone, driven by the mean wave- and tide-induced flow. The Mesoscale Inlet Morphology modeling system was applied to Price Inlet, S.C. A two-year simulation of the morphologic changes at Price Inlet was performed using measured wave data and tidal stages predicted from harmonic analysis coefficients, and results compared to measured bathymetric and shoreline changes. Predicted bathymetric changes are similar in sign and location to observations, but the model tends to underpredict the magnitude of the changes. Predicted shoreline changes exhibit similar trends. JF - Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering AU - Work, P A AU - Guan, J AU - Hayter, E J AU - Elci, S Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 282 EP - 287 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Division, New York, NY VL - 127 IS - 5 SN - 0733-950X, 0733-950X KW - United States KW - shore features KW - South Carolina KW - sediment transport KW - shorelines KW - marine transport KW - simulation KW - boundary conditions KW - models KW - tidal inlets KW - Price Inlets South Carolina KW - dynamics KW - bathymetry KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52126532?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Waterway%2C+Port%2C+Coastal+and+Ocean+Engineering&rft.atitle=Mesoscale+model+for+morphologic+change+at+tidal+inlets&rft.au=Work%2C+P+A%3BGuan%2C+J%3BHayter%2C+E+J%3BElci%2C+S&rft.aulast=Work&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=127&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=282&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Waterway%2C+Port%2C+Coastal+and+Ocean+Engineering&rft.issn=0733950X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/wwo LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JWPED5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Coastal Plain; bathymetry; boundary conditions; dynamics; marine transport; models; Price Inlets South Carolina; sediment transport; shore features; shorelines; simulation; South Carolina; tidal inlets; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field trip days 1 and 2; road log for the Elizabeth and Ely Mines and vicinity AN - 51604031; 2006-032620 JF - Guidebook Series (Society of Economic Geologists (U. S.) AU - Hammarstrom, Jane M AU - Seal, Robert R, II AU - Slack, John F AU - Kierstead, Matthew A AU - Hathaway, Edward M Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 119 EP - 163 PB - Society of Economic Geologists, Boulder, CO VL - 35 SN - 1547-3090, 1547-3090 KW - goethite KW - watersheds KW - lead KW - field trips KW - Vershire Quadrangle KW - production KW - road log KW - mineral composition KW - hematite KW - gypsum KW - Ely Mine KW - cadmium KW - copper ores KW - pH KW - mercury KW - hydrology KW - Strafford Dome KW - mines KW - surface water KW - solutes KW - Vermont copper belt KW - Vermont KW - jarosite KW - pressuremeters KW - metal ores KW - waste disposal KW - United States KW - zinc KW - Vershire Vermont KW - cobalt KW - copper KW - stream sediments KW - Copperas Brook KW - seepage KW - thallium KW - sediments KW - oxides KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - chromium KW - abandoned mines KW - soils KW - acid mine drainage KW - sulfates KW - grain size KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - history KW - flotation KW - Ompompanoosuc River KW - color KW - metals KW - Elizabeth Mine KW - anaerobic environment KW - tailings KW - fluvial environment KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51604031?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Guidebook+Series+%28Society+of+Economic+Geologists+%28U.+S.%29&rft.atitle=Field+trip+days+1+and+2%3B+road+log+for+the+Elizabeth+and+Ely+Mines+and+vicinity&rft.au=Hammarstrom%2C+Jane+M%3BSeal%2C+Robert+R%2C+II%3BSlack%2C+John+F%3BKierstead%2C+Matthew+A%3BHathaway%2C+Edward+M&rft.aulast=Hammarstrom&rft.aufirst=Jane&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=&rft.spage=119&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Guidebook+Series+%28Society+of+Economic+Geologists+%28U.+S.%29&rft.issn=15473090&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 52 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., 6 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - abandoned mines; acid mine drainage; anaerobic environment; arsenic; cadmium; chemical composition; chromium; cobalt; color; copper; copper ores; Copperas Brook; Elizabeth Mine; Ely Mine; field trips; flotation; fluvial environment; geochemistry; goethite; grain size; gypsum; hematite; history; hydrochemistry; hydrology; jarosite; lead; mercury; metal ores; metals; mineral composition; mines; Ompompanoosuc River; oxides; pH; pollution; pressuremeters; production; road log; sediments; seepage; soils; solutes; Strafford Dome; stream sediments; sulfates; surface water; tailings; thallium; United States; Vermont; Vermont copper belt; Vershire Quadrangle; Vershire Vermont; waste disposal; watersheds; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental geochemistry and mining history of massive sulfide deposits in the Vermont copper belt; introduction AN - 51603331; 2006-032619 JF - Guidebook Series (Society of Economic Geologists (U. S.) AU - Seal, Robert R, II AU - Hammarstrom, Jane M AU - Slack, John F AU - Hathaway, Edward M AU - Lovely, William P AU - Kierstead, Matthew A A2 - Hammarstrom, Jane M. A2 - Seal, Robert R., II Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 115 EP - 117 PB - Society of Economic Geologists, Boulder, CO VL - 35 SN - 1547-3090, 1547-3090 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - mines KW - acid mine drainage KW - reclamation KW - watersheds KW - pollution KW - Vermont copper belt KW - Vermont KW - massive sulfide deposits KW - metal ores KW - copper ores KW - massive deposits KW - geochemistry KW - abandoned mines KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51603331?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Guidebook+Series+%28Society+of+Economic+Geologists+%28U.+S.%29&rft.atitle=Environmental+geochemistry+and+mining+history+of+massive+sulfide+deposits+in+the+Vermont+copper+belt%3B+introduction&rft.au=Seal%2C+Robert+R%2C+II%3BHammarstrom%2C+Jane+M%3BSlack%2C+John+F%3BHathaway%2C+Edward+M%3BLovely%2C+William+P%3BKierstead%2C+Matthew+A&rft.aulast=Seal&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Guidebook+Series+%28Society+of+Economic+Geologists+%28U.+S.%29&rft.issn=15473090&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - abandoned mines; acid mine drainage; copper ores; geochemistry; hydrology; massive deposits; massive sulfide deposits; metal ores; mines; pollution; reclamation; United States; Vermont; Vermont copper belt; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The other side of mining; environmental assessment and the process for developing a cleanup approach for the Elizabeth Mine AN - 51602396; 2006-032626 JF - Guidebook Series (Society of Economic Geologists (U. S.) AU - Hathaway, Edward M AU - Lovely, William P AU - Acone, Scott E AU - Foster, Scot A A2 - Hammarstrom, Jane M. A2 - Seal, Robert R., II Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 277 EP - 293 PB - Society of Economic Geologists, Boulder, CO VL - 35 SN - 1547-3090, 1547-3090 KW - United States KW - mineral exploration KW - water quality KW - regulations KW - ecosystems KW - Copperas Brook KW - seepage KW - environmental effects KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - evaluation KW - Pisces KW - toxicity KW - mixing KW - movement KW - sediments KW - Invertebrata KW - copper ores KW - ecology KW - disposal barriers KW - Superfund sites KW - Insecta KW - processes KW - Chordata KW - beneficiation KW - acid mine drainage KW - Superfund KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - Vermont copper belt KW - cost KW - Vermont KW - history KW - Ompompanoosuc River KW - Arthropoda KW - Mandibulata KW - metal ores KW - Elizabeth Mine KW - waste disposal KW - Vertebrata KW - tailings KW - public health KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51602396?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Guidebook+Series+%28Society+of+Economic+Geologists+%28U.+S.%29&rft.atitle=The+other+side+of+mining%3B+environmental+assessment+and+the+process+for+developing+a+cleanup+approach+for+the+Elizabeth+Mine&rft.au=Hathaway%2C+Edward+M%3BLovely%2C+William+P%3BAcone%2C+Scott+E%3BFoster%2C+Scot+A&rft.aulast=Hathaway&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=&rft.spage=277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Guidebook+Series+%28Society+of+Economic+Geologists+%28U.+S.%29&rft.issn=15473090&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; Arthropoda; beneficiation; Chordata; copper ores; Copperas Brook; cost; disposal barriers; ecology; ecosystems; Elizabeth Mine; environmental effects; evaluation; ground water; history; Insecta; Invertebrata; Mandibulata; metal ores; mineral exploration; mixing; movement; Ompompanoosuc River; Pisces; pollution; processes; public health; regulations; remediation; sediments; seepage; Superfund; Superfund sites; surface water; tailings; toxicity; United States; Vermont; Vermont copper belt; Vertebrata; waste disposal; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Studies of interfacial reactions between arsenic and minerals and its significance to site characterization AN - 51180846; 2002-023954 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Lin, Z H AU - Puls, R W Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 1433 EP - 1439 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 40 IS - 11-12 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - silicates KW - desorption KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - bioavailability KW - drinking water KW - iron KW - remediation KW - infrared spectra KW - ground water KW - FTIR spectra KW - ferric iron KW - controls KW - attenuation KW - transport KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - kaolinite KW - adsorption KW - hydrochemistry KW - ferrous iron KW - clay minerals KW - aquifers KW - metals KW - sheet silicates KW - risk assessment KW - halloysite KW - SEM data KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51180846?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Studies+of+interfacial+reactions+between+arsenic+and+minerals+and+its+significance+to+site+characterization&rft.au=Lin%2C+Z+H%3BPuls%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=11-12&rft.spage=1433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; aquifers; attenuation; bioavailability; chemical composition; clay minerals; controls; desorption; drinking water; ferric iron; ferrous iron; FTIR spectra; geochemistry; ground water; halloysite; hydrochemistry; infrared spectra; iron; kaolinite; metals; oxidation; pollution; remediation; risk assessment; SEM data; sheet silicates; silicates; spectra; transport; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mineralogical compositions of aquifer matrix as necessary initial conditions in reactive contaminant transport models AN - 51178262; 2001-078561 AB - Mineralogical compositions and their spatial distributions are important initial conditions for reactive transport modeling. However, popular K (sub d) -based "reactive" transport models only require contaminant concentrations in the pore fluids as initial conditions, and minerals implicitly represent infinite sources and sinks in these models. That situation results in a general neglect of mineralogical characterization in site investigations. This study uses a coupled multi-component reactive mass transport model to predict the natural attenuation of a ground water plume at a uranium mill tailings site in western USA. Numerous ground water geochemistry data are available at this site, but mineralogical data are sketchy. Even given the well-defined pore fluid chemistry, variations of secondary mineral species and mineral abundances in the aquifer resulted in significantly different modeling outcomes. Results show that the amount of calcite in the aquifer determines the distances of plume migration. The possible presence of jurbanite, an aluminum sulfate phase, can store acidity temporarily but cause more severe contamination on a later date. The surfaces of iron oxyhydroxides can store significant amounts of sulfate and protons and serve as a second source for prolonged contamination. These simulations under field conditions illustrate that mineralogical compositions are an essential requirement for accurate prediction of contaminant fate and transport. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Zhu, Chen AU - Burden, David S Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 145 EP - 161 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 51 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - Bear Creek uranium site KW - contaminant plumes KW - one-dimensional models KW - preferential flow KW - Campbell County Wyoming KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - mineral composition KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - thermodynamic properties KW - Powder River basin KW - pH KW - mines KW - sulfate ion KW - numerical models KW - acid mine drainage KW - pollutants KW - matrix KW - Wasatch Formation KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - Paleogene KW - aquifers KW - models KW - Wyoming KW - Tertiary KW - alluvium aquifers KW - waste disposal KW - tailings KW - pore water KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51178262?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Mineralogical+compositions+of+aquifer+matrix+as+necessary+initial+conditions+in+reactive+contaminant+transport+models&rft.au=Zhu%2C+Chen%3BBurden%2C+David+S&rft.aulast=Zhu&rft.aufirst=Chen&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; alluvium aquifers; aquifers; Bear Creek uranium site; Campbell County Wyoming; Cenozoic; chemical reactions; contaminant plumes; environmental analysis; ground water; mathematical models; matrix; mineral composition; mines; models; numerical models; one-dimensional models; Paleogene; permeability; pH; pollutants; pollution; pore water; porous materials; Powder River basin; prediction; preferential flow; radioactive waste; simulation; sulfate ion; tailings; Tertiary; thermodynamic properties; transport; United States; Wasatch Formation; waste disposal; Wyoming ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transport and fate of organic wastes in groundwater at the Stringfellow hazardous waste disposal site, Southern California AN - 51177979; 2001-078562 AB - In January 1999, wastewater influent and effluent from the pretreatment plant at the Stringfellow hazardous waste disposal site were sampled along with groundwater at six locations along the groundwater contaminant plume. The objectives of this sampling and study were to identify at the compound class level the unidentified 40-60% of wastewater organic contaminants, and to determine what organic compound classes were being removed by the wastewater pretreatment plant, and what organic compound classes persisted during subsurface waste migration. The unidentified organic wastes are primarily chlorinated aromatic sulfonic acids derived from wastes from DDT manufacture. Trace amounts of EDTA and NTA organic complexing agents were discovered along with carboxylate metabolites of the common alkylphenolpolyethoxylate plasticizers and nonionic surfactants. The wastewater pretreatment plant removed most of the aromatic chlorinated sulfonic acids that have hydrophobic neutral properties, but the p-chlorobenzenesulfonic acid which is the primary waste constituent passed through the pretreatment plant and was discharged in the treated wastewaters transported to an industrial sewer. During migration in groundwater, p-chlorobenzenesulfonic acid is removed by natural remediation processes. Wastewater organic contaminants have decreased 3- to 45-fold in the groundwater from 1985 to 1999 as a result of site remediation and natural remediation processes. The chlorinated aromatic sulfonic acids with hydrophobic neutral properties persist and have migrated into groundwater that underlies the adjacent residential community. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Leenheer, Jerry A AU - Hsu, John AU - Barber, L B Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 163 EP - 178 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 51 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - metabolites KW - hazardous waste KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - contaminant plumes KW - waste water KW - Pyrite Canyon KW - waste disposal sites KW - organochlorine pesticides KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - California KW - transport KW - decontamination KW - EDTA KW - water treatment KW - carboxylic acids KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - hydrophobic materials KW - Stringfellow waste disposal site KW - insecticides KW - pollutants KW - effluents KW - pollution KW - Riverside County California KW - migration of elements KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - Southern California KW - DDT KW - pesticides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51177979?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Transport+and+fate+of+organic+wastes+in+groundwater+at+the+Stringfellow+hazardous+waste+disposal+site%2C+Southern+California&rft.au=Leenheer%2C+Jerry+A%3BHsu%2C+John%3BBarber%2C+L+B&rft.aulast=Leenheer&rft.aufirst=Jerry&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; California; carboxylic acids; chlorinated hydrocarbons; contaminant plumes; DDT; decontamination; EDTA; effluents; environmental analysis; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hazardous waste; hydrophobic materials; insecticides; metabolites; migration of elements; organic acids; organic compounds; organochlorine pesticides; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; Pyrite Canyon; Riverside County California; Southern California; Stringfellow waste disposal site; transport; United States; waste disposal sites; waste water; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integration of Environmental Indicators for the U.S. Mid-Atlantic Region AN - 20095344; 5300583 AB - The Mid-Atlantic Integrated Assessment (MAIA) Project began in 1994 as a partnership between the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA's) Region III Office and the Office of Research and Development. This multiyear initiative was envisioned to: (1) improve the quality of environmental science and promote the use of sound science in environmental decision-making; (2) characterize the condition of ecological resources; and (3) report on the progress toward environmental goals through a series of State-of-the-Region reports. These reports are produced using a coordinated, integrated approach that is carried out at four levels of increasing sophistication and complexity. Results indicate that the condition of individual ecological resources can be determined with existing indicators. The results from MAIA are being communicated in a manner that is understood by environmental managers as evidenced by their use in environmental management decision-making. The application of ecological indicators needs to be coupled with an appropriate sampling design to ensure that the measurements made in the environment can be used to address the relevant questions. Multiresource indicators, those that synthesize information on individual ecological resources, are of high priority for research. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Paul, J F AU - DeMoss, T B AD - Atlantic Ecology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA, paul.john@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 1555 EP - 1564 VL - 7 IS - 5 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - MAIA Project KW - USA KW - Risk Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Bioindicators KW - Environmental monitoring KW - USA, Mid-Atlantic Region KW - decision making KW - Decision Making KW - Ecological Effects KW - Environmental protection KW - Ecology KW - Environmental Policy KW - Water Quality Control KW - Environmental conditions KW - Environment management KW - Research programs KW - Environmental surveys KW - R2 23090:Policy and planning KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20095344?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Integration+of+Environmental+Indicators+for+the+U.S.+Mid-Atlantic+Region&rft.au=Paul%2C+J+F%3BDeMoss%2C+T+B&rft.aulast=Paul&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1555&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Indicators in Health and Ecological Risk Assessment. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental monitoring; Environment management; Environmental protection; Environmental surveys; decision making; Environmental conditions; Research programs; Ecology; Bioindicators; Environmental Policy; Ecological Effects; Decision Making; Water Quality Control; USA, Mid-Atlantic Region ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Outline of A New Approach to Evaluate Ecological Integrity of Salt Marshes AN - 20089640; 5300582 AB - The integrity of coastal salt marshes can be determined from the extent to which they provide key ecosystem services: food and habitat for fish and wildlife, good water quality, erosion and flood control, and recreation and cultural use. An outline of a new approach for linking ecosystem services with metrics of structure and function to evaluate the ecological integrity of salt marshes is described. One main objective of the approach is to determine whether differences in structure and function can be detected among salt marshes with similar geomorphology and hydrology but different degrees of anthropogenic stress. The approach is currently being applied to salt marshes of Narragansett Bay, RI, USA. Stable nitrogen isotopic ratios of the marsh biota reflected the nitrogen sources from the adjacent watersheds and were significantly correlated with percent residential land use. Results show that plant zonation significantly (r = -0.82; p < 0.05) relates with percent residential land use and is potentially a sensitive indicator of anthropogenic disturbance of New England salt marshes. We are currently examining species diversity, denitrification rates, and susceptibility to erosion among the sites for additional indicators of salt marsh condition. Our results to date suggest that this approach will provide the methods needed for managers to systematically monitor and evaluate the integrity of salt marshes. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Wigand, C AU - Comeleo, R AU - McKinney, R AU - Thursby, G AU - Chintala, M AU - Charpentier, M AD - US EPA, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA, wigand.cathleen@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 1541 EP - 1554 VL - 7 IS - 5 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - USA, Rhode Island, Narragansett Bay KW - Risk Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Land Use KW - Risk assessment KW - Coastal Waters KW - Man-induced effects KW - Pollution effects KW - Ecology KW - Habitats KW - Biota KW - Geomorphology KW - Hydrology KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Salt Marshes KW - Water Quality KW - Environmental impact KW - Stress KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Land use KW - Flood Control KW - Salt marshes KW - ANW, USA, Rhode Island, Narragansett Bay KW - Nitrogen KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control KW - SW 0890:Estuaries KW - R2 23050:Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20089640?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Outline+of+A+New+Approach+to+Evaluate+Ecological+Integrity+of+Salt+Marshes&rft.au=Wigand%2C+C%3BComeleo%2C+R%3BMcKinney%2C+R%3BThursby%2C+G%3BChintala%2C+M%3BCharpentier%2C+M&rft.aulast=Wigand&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1541&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Indicators in Health and Ecological Risk Assessment. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental monitoring; Biota; Environmental impact; Pollution effects; Man-induced effects; Land use; Nitrogen; Risk assessment; Salt marshes; Stress; Ecosystem disturbance; Land Use; Ecology; Flood Control; Habitats; Salt Marshes; Geomorphology; Coastal Waters; Water Quality; Hydrology; ANW, USA, Rhode Island, Narragansett Bay ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strategies for Protecting and Restoring Rhode Island's Watersheds on Multiple Scales AN - 20061628; 5300579 AB - The Clean Water Act has traditionally preserved the quality and quantity of a region's water by focusing resources on areas with known or anticipated problems. USEPA Region 1 is taking the supplemental, longer-range approach of protecting areas of New England where natural resources are still healthy. As part of Region 1's "New England Resource Protection" approach, stakeholders participate in an open process that identifies healthy ecosystems and characterizes how well they support aquatic life and human health. Since the concerns of stakeholders are usually local, the process also displays areas of nonattainment within individual watersheds and determines their likely causes. One of the most powerful ways to display these types of information on multiple scales is to use a geographic information system (GIS). The case of phosphorus in southern Rhode Island's Tucker Pond illustrates how a GIS can help integrate concerns from the public, data from Clean Water Act monitoring, and information from the New England Resource Protection Project to identify types of environmental assessment questions on scales ranging from states to subwatersheds. By involving the public at all stages of the process and better informing them about their watersheds, this new approach makes them better stewards of their environment. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Lussier, S M AU - Walker, HA AU - Pesch, G G AU - Galloway, W AU - Adler, R AU - Charpentier, M AU - Comeleo, R AU - Copeland, J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Atlantic Ecology Division, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA, lussier.suzanne@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 1483 EP - 1491 VL - 7 IS - 5 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - USA, Rhode Island KW - Risk Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - USA, Rhode Island, Tucker Pond KW - Phosphorus KW - Watershed Management KW - Watersheds KW - Ponds KW - Environmental protection KW - Restoration KW - Water Law KW - Environmental Policy KW - Environmental restoration KW - Geographic information systems KW - Water Quality Control KW - GIS KW - Public concern KW - Geographical Information Systems KW - R2 23090:Policy and planning KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20061628?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Strategies+for+Protecting+and+Restoring+Rhode+Island%27s+Watersheds+on+Multiple+Scales&rft.au=Lussier%2C+S+M%3BWalker%2C+HA%3BPesch%2C+G+G%3BGalloway%2C+W%3BAdler%2C+R%3BCharpentier%2C+M%3BComeleo%2C+R%3BCopeland%2C+J&rft.aulast=Lussier&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1483&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Indicators in Health and Ecological Risk Assessment. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phosphorus; Watersheds; GIS; Environmental protection; Ponds; Restoration; Environmental restoration; Geographic information systems; Public concern; Water Law; Environmental Policy; Watershed Management; Water Quality Control; Geographical Information Systems; USA, Rhode Island, Tucker Pond ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Managing Global Atmospheric Change: A U.S. Policy Perspective AN - 19937601; 5300548 AB - There are several air pollution issues that concern the international community at the regional and global level, including acid deposition, heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants, stratospheric ozone depletion, and climate change. Governments at the regional and global levels have entered into various agreements in an effort to deal with these problems. This paper deals with two major global atmospheric change issues: stratospheric ozone depletion and climate change. The focus is on the policy responses of the United States to these global issues. The United States has signed and ratified international agreements to deal with both problems. The Vienna Convention and the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer have led to an effort in both developed and developing countries to phase out ozone depleting substances. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) has been signed and ratified by over 180 countries. The UNFCC contained no binding targets and timetables for emissions reductions. The Kyoto Protocol (1997) to the UNFCCC did contain targets and timetables for reductions of greenhouse gases on the part of developed countries. The United States has signed but not ratified the Kyoto Protocol. The United States has experienced some movement to reduce greenhouse gas emissions on the part of various levels of government as well as the private sector. The policy process is constantly informed by scientific research. In the case of stratospheric ozone depletion and climate change, much of this work is carried out under the auspices of international scientific panels. From a policy perspective, there is a great deal of interest in the use of indicators for assessing the scope and magnitude of these problems, both for fashioning policy responses as well as assessing the impact of adopted programs to reduce ozone depleting substances, and potentially, greenhouse gases. This paper will discuss some of the indicators used for stratospheric ozone depletion and climate change. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Leaf, D AD - Office of Atmospheric Programs, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW (6201J), Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 1211 EP - 1226 VL - 7 IS - 5 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - Kyoto Protocol KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Human Population KW - Heavy metals KW - Climatic changes KW - Indicators KW - Pollution effects KW - Air pollution control KW - Climatic conditions KW - environmental policy KW - International agreements KW - Human impact KW - Atmospheric conditions KW - Ozone KW - Acid rain KW - persistent organic pollutants KW - Organic matter KW - Environmental impact KW - Emission control KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Environmental policy KW - Environmental protection KW - Air pollution KW - USA KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Developing countries KW - Environment management KW - R2 23090:Policy and planning KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - M1 230:Human Population-Atmosphere Interactions KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19937601?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Managing+Global+Atmospheric+Change%3A+A+U.S.+Policy+Perspective&rft.au=Leaf%2C+D&rft.aulast=Leaf&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-08-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Indicators in Health and Ecological Risk Assessment. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Heavy metals; Organic matter; Climatic changes; Environmental impact; Indicators; Pollution effects; Greenhouse effect; Climatic conditions; Environmental policy; Environmental protection; Human impact; Air pollution; Greenhouse gases; Environment management; Developing countries; Atmospheric conditions; Ozone; Acid rain; persistent organic pollutants; Emission control; Air pollution control; International agreements; environmental policy; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - From Assessment to Policy: Lessons Learned from the U.S. National Assessment AN - 19922588; 5300547 AB - The process of translating scientific information into timely and useful insights that inform policy and resource management decisions, despite the existence of uncertainties, is a difficult and challenging task. Policy-focused assessment is one approach to achieving this end. It is an ongoing process that engages both researchers and end-users to analyze, evaluate and interpret information from multiple disciplines to draw conclusions that are timely and useful for decision makers. This paper discusses key characteristics of a policy-focused assessment process, including (1) ongoing collaboration between the research, assessment, and stakeholder communities; (2) a focus on stakeholder information needs; (3) multidisciplinary approaches; (4) use of scenarios to deal with uncertainties; and (5) evaluation of risk management options. We illustrate the particular challenge to assessors of providing the specific types of insights stakeholders need to effectively influence policy decisions. And we discuss the role that assessment can play in formulating an agenda for future research. Examples from the U.S. National Assessment of "The Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and Change for the United States" are used to illustrate a policy-focused assessment process. For many of the participants, the first U.S. National Assessment was an extraordinary learning experience about how to develop better ways of conducting assessments. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Scheraga, J D AU - Furlow, J AD - Global Change Research Program, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Mail Code 8601-D, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20460, USA, Scheraga.Joel@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 1227 EP - 1246 VL - 7 IS - 5 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Human Population KW - Resource management KW - Climatic changes KW - Environmental policy KW - environmental policy KW - Environmental protection KW - Risks KW - Decision making KW - USA KW - Conservation KW - Environment management KW - R2 23090:Policy and planning KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M1 330:Environmental Law, Regulations & Policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19922588?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=From+Assessment+to+Policy%3A+Lessons+Learned+from+the+U.S.+National+Assessment&rft.au=Scheraga%2C+J+D%3BFurlow%2C+J&rft.aulast=Scheraga&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1227&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-08-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Indicators in Health and Ecological Risk Assessment. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Decision making; Resource management; Climatic changes; Conservation; Environment management; Environmental policy; Risks; Environmental protection; environmental policy; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Comparison Of Four Fluorescent Antibody-Based Methods For Purifying, Detecting, And Confirming Cryptosporidium parvum In Surface Waters AN - 18929274; 5671796 AB - Cryptosporidiosis has been traced to drinking contaminated surface water, which was either not treated or was ineffectively treated. Testing to detect Cryptosporidium parvum in surface water has been suggested to help prevent future outbreaks. In the present study, the same sample collection and filtration methods were used to compared sample processing and detection steps from 4 testing methods: a modified information collection rule (ICR) method and method 1623 (both developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency), a flow cytometric method, and a solid-phase cytometric method. All of these methods use fluorescent antibody staining, which is only a presumptive indication of the presence of this parasite. Confirmation requires another assay. Methods were evaluated for both presumptive and confirmed detection. Solid-phase cytometry had the highest presumptive and confirmed detection rates. Flow cytometry had the next highest presumptive detection rate in reagent water but was third in spiked surface and tap waters, with no confirmation procedure. The ICR method had the third highest presumptive detection rate in reagent water and the second highest in spiked surface and tap waters but failed to confirm any oocysts. Method 1623 had significantly lower presumptive detection than any other method and a significantly lower confirmation rate than the solid-phase cytometry method. JF - Journal of Parasitology AU - Lindquist, HDA AU - Ware, M AU - Stetler, R E AU - Wymer, L AU - Schaefer, FW II AD - U.S. EPA, 26 W. M.L. King Drive, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268-1320. lindquist, alan@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 1124 EP - 1131 PB - American Society of Parasitologists VL - 87 IS - 5 SN - 0022-3395, 0022-3395 KW - Solid-phase cytometry KW - detection KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Human diseases KW - Fluorescence KW - Fluorescent antibody test KW - Oocysts KW - Protozoan diseases KW - Surface water KW - Water resources KW - Pathogens KW - Freshwater KW - Cryptosporidium parvum KW - Methodology KW - Public health KW - Water supply KW - Flow cytometry KW - Filtration KW - Antibodies KW - Water filtration KW - Detection KW - K 03012:Protozoa KW - Q1 08201:General KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms KW - K 03071:Protozoa UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18929274?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Parasitology&rft.atitle=A+Comparison+Of+Four+Fluorescent+Antibody-Based+Methods+For+Purifying%2C+Detecting%2C+And+Confirming+Cryptosporidium+parvum+In+Surface+Waters&rft.au=Lindquist%2C+HDA%3BWare%2C+M%3BStetler%2C+R+E%3BWymer%2C+L%3BSchaefer%2C+FW+II&rft.aulast=Lindquist&rft.aufirst=HDA&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1124&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Parasitology&rft.issn=00223395&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0022-3395%282001%29087%281124%3AACOFFA%292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Human diseases; Fluorescence; Protozoan diseases; Surface water; Water resources; Pathogens; Water supply; Public health; Methodology; Flow cytometry; Antibodies; Water filtration; Detection; Filtration; Oocysts; Fluorescent antibody test; Cryptosporidium parvum; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0022-3395(2001)087(1124:ACOFFA)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Focus on exposure-response relationships, and complex forms will come naturally AN - 18429709; 5410320 JF - Human & Experimental Toxicology AU - Suter, GW II AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, 26 West Martin I. King Drive, MC-117, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 527 EP - 528 VL - 20 IS - 10 SN - 0960-3271, 0960-3271 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18429709?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+%26+Experimental+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Focus+on+exposure-response+relationships%2C+and+complex+forms+will+come+naturally&rft.au=Suter%2C+GW+II&rft.aulast=Suter&rft.aufirst=GW&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=527&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+%26+Experimental+Toxicology&rft.issn=09603271&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of Indicators in Ecological Risk Assessments for Persistent, Bioaccumulative Toxicants AN - 18351349; 5300553 AB - This paper synthesizes several presentations on the use of indicators in ecological risk assessments for persistent, bioaccumulative toxicants (PBTs). The presentations were organized around two chemical case studies: (1) mercury, and (2) compounds that exhibit an Ah-receptor based mode-of-action. Presenters summarized the current practice of ecological risk assessment for these compounds and described research on known or suspected impacts. In addition, this paper addresses three special topics that apply broadly to all PBTs: (1) the convergence of ecological assessment and ecological risk assessment, (2) integration of ecological and human health risk assessment, and (3) risk assessments for population-level effects. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Nichols, J W AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Boulevard, Duluth, MN 55804, USA, nichols.john@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 1043 EP - 1057 VL - 7 IS - 5 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - persistent bioaccumulative toxicants KW - Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Bioindicators KW - Chemicals KW - Risk assessment KW - Ecosystems KW - Toxicants KW - Environmental health KW - Ecological Effects KW - Toxins KW - Public health KW - Ecology KW - Risk KW - Public Health KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Mercury KW - Aryl hydrocarbon receptors KW - Populations KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18351349?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Use+of+Indicators+in+Ecological+Risk+Assessments+for+Persistent%2C+Bioaccumulative+Toxicants&rft.au=Nichols%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Nichols&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1043&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Indicators in Health and Ecological Risk Assessment. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Bioaccumulation; Toxicants; Ecosystems; Mercury; Aryl hydrocarbon receptors; Populations; Public health; Chemicals; Bioindicators; Ecology; Environmental health; Risk; Public Health; Ecological Effects; Toxins ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indicators for Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: A U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Perspective AN - 18350461; 5300546 AB - Assessment of risk to public health or environmental resources requires competent characterization of stressors and corresponding effects. Because of the complexity of most stressor-response relationships, it is impossible to completely characterize all the variables, so a select set of measurements is made to reflect the most critical components. Such measurements, or indicators, are included in monitoring programs to estimate trend, stressor source, or magnitude of effects and lead to thresholds for management action or restoration. Although a wide variety of programs and program objectives exists, there are some common challenges for indicator development, including a strong link to management actions. Indicator measurements used in U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) risk assessment activities must stem from collaboration among managers, risk assessors, scientists and stakeholders. The primary objective of the USEPA's Fifth Symposium of the National Health and Ecological Effects Research Laboratory was to improve health and ecological risk assessment through dedicated sessions that maximized interaction and discussion among these groups. Existing measurements were challenged for appropriateness, efficiency and scientific validity. Emerging science was explored for greater understanding, better interpretation, and improved methodology. A secondary objective was to uncover and exploit common indicators and supporting data for human health and ecological models. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Fisher, W S AU - Jackson, LE AU - Suter, GW II AU - Bertram, P AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA, fisher.william@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 961 EP - 970 VL - 7 IS - 5 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Environmental impact KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Public health KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18350461?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Indicators+for+Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment%3A+A+U.S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency+Perspective&rft.au=Fisher%2C+W+S%3BJackson%2C+LE%3BSuter%2C+GW+II%3BBertram%2C+P&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=961&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Indicators in Health and Ecological Risk Assessment. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Public health; Ecosystem disturbance; Environmental impact; Risk assessment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improving the Development and Use of Biologically Based Dose Response Models (BBDR) in Risk Assessment AN - 18349298; 5300554 AB - Biologically based dose-response (BBDR) models predict health outcomes (response) resulting from the presence of a toxicant at a biological target (dose). The benefits of BBDR models are many, and research programs are increasingly focusing on mechanistic research to support model development; however, progress has been slow. Impediments to progress include the complexity of dose response modeling, the need for a multidisciplinary team and consistent funding support, and difficulty in identifying and extracting the needed data. Of immediate concern is the lack of transparency of published models to the supporting data and literature, difficulty in accessing model code and simulation conditions sufficient to allow independent replication of results, and absence of well-defined quality criteria. Suggestions are presented to improve the development and use of BBDR models in risk assessment and to address the above limitations. Examples from BBDR models for methylmercury neurotoxicity and 5-fluorouracil embryotoxicity are presented to illustrate the suggestions including what kinds of databases are needed to support model development and transparency, quality assurance for modeling, and how the internet can advance database development and collaboration within the biological modeling community. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - DeWoskin, R S AU - Barone, S Jr AU - Clewell, HJ AU - Setzer, R W AD - US EPA, MD-74, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, dewoskin.rob@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 1091 EP - 1120 VL - 7 IS - 5 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - Risk Abstracts KW - Dose-response effects KW - Neurotoxicity KW - Embryos KW - Toxicity KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18349298?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Improving+the+Development+and+Use+of+Biologically+Based+Dose+Response+Models+%28BBDR%29+in+Risk+Assessment&rft.au=DeWoskin%2C+R+S%3BBarone%2C+S+Jr%3BClewell%2C+HJ%3BSetzer%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=DeWoskin&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1091&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Indicators in Health and Ecological Risk Assessment. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Toxicity; Neurotoxicity; Embryos; Dose-response effects ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Method for Identifying Exposure-Response Models for the Acute Respiratory Effects of Inhaled Irritants in Humans: Effects of Concentration, Minute Ventilation, and Duration AN - 18348356; 5300556 AB - In order to conduct quantitative risk assessment with minimal uncertainty for short-term exposure to ozone and other respiratory irritants, one must identify exposure-response (E-R) models that accurately predict the distribution of the magnitudes of response (or the proportion of individuals experiencing a given response) across the range of ambient exposure scenarios and personal characteristics of interest. The purpose of this manuscript is to describe a method for identification of such models and to demonstrate the method and evaluate the resulting model's performance using ozone as a representative respiratory irritant. This approach to model identification utilizes a general knowledge of mechanistic information and E-R characteristics for the specific pollutant and traditional statistical techniques for estimating model coefficients and prediction uncertainty. For ozone we identified a two-compartment model consistent with known mechanisms and E-R characteristics. Using data from 485 volunteers exposed for two hours to one of six ozone concentrations at one of three activity levels, we estimated model coefficients and evaluated the predictive ability of the model for lung function and symptom responses. We found that the model accurately predicted responses as a function of ozone concentration, minute ventilation during exposure, and duration of exposure and concluded that this approach to model identification was successful for ozone, and we hypothesized that a similar approach would be useful for other respiratory irritants. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - McDonnell, W F AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (MD-58B), Human Studies Facility, 104 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7315, USA, McDonnell.William@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 1133 EP - 1144 VL - 7 IS - 5 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - man KW - Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Inhalation KW - Ventilation KW - Respiration KW - Environmental health KW - Models KW - Dose-response effects KW - Ozone KW - Irritation KW - Respiratory system KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18348356?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=A+Method+for+Identifying+Exposure-Response+Models+for+the+Acute+Respiratory+Effects+of+Inhaled+Irritants+in+Humans%3A+Effects+of+Concentration%2C+Minute+Ventilation%2C+and+Duration&rft.au=McDonnell%2C+W+F&rft.aulast=McDonnell&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Indicators in Health and Ecological Risk Assessment. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ozone; Respiratory system; Dose-response effects; Inhalation; Ventilation; Risk assessment; Environmental health; Respiration; Irritation; Models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determining Indicators of Exposure and Effects for Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs): An Introduction AN - 18348334; 5300549 AB - Endocrine disruptors are characterized by their influence on animal endocrine systems resulting in reproductive, developmental, neurological, and immune dysfunction. The purpose of this overview is to provide the reader with a sense of the activities within the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), in particular NHEERL, that address the many facets of research on endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and to highlight the approach being taken at the different organizational levels within the USEPA, including screening, testing and evaluating endocrine disrupting chemicals. As a part of this endeavor, the USEPA continues to evaluate the current research activities in order to better understand and refine the process of risk characterization of EDCs. Thus, the participants in this session were asked to review their research within the framework of a better identification of EDC effects, better characterization of those compounds that have endocrine disrupting activity and how to incorporate this information into the risk assessment paradigm. Specifically, the goals of the ensuing papers were to compare individual vs. population indicators of endocrine disrupting effects, examine comparable and multiple mechanisms of toxicity, and describe the use of effects as indicators to identify toxicants and their sources. Mammalian and fish reproductive endpoints served as models to emphasize commonalities between human and wildlife risks. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Cooper, R L AU - Kavlock, R J AD - Endocrinology Branch, Reproductive Toxicology Division, National Health and Ecological Effects Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, Cooper.ralph@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 971 EP - 978 VL - 7 IS - 5 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - EPA KW - screening KW - Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - endocrine disruptors KW - Pollution effects KW - Testing KW - Xenobiotics KW - Chemical pollution KW - Endocrine system KW - Wildlife KW - Toxicity KW - Reviews KW - R2 23040:Biological KW - X 24250:Reviews KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18348334?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Determining+Indicators+of+Exposure+and+Effects+for+Endocrine+Disrupting+Chemicals+%28EDCs%29%3A+An+Introduction&rft.au=Cooper%2C+R+L%3BKavlock%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=971&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Indicators in Health and Ecological Risk Assessment. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Toxicity; Wildlife; endocrine disruptors; Chemical pollution; Pollution effects; Xenobiotics; Endocrine system; Reviews; Testing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risks of Endocrine-Disrupting Compounds to Wildlife: Extrapolating from Effects on Individuals to Population Response AN - 18348170; 5300552 AB - Much of the research conducted on the effects of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) has been focused on effects at the individual or subindividual level. The challenge from the point of view of ecological risk assessment is to determine effects on populations and higher levels of biological organization. While there have been some notable cases where field studies were used to demonstrate effects of EDCs on exposed populations in the wild, there has been relatively little research addressing the quantitative linkage between effects at the individual level and effects at the population level. The present study provides an example of linking markers of endocrine effects to indicators of population level effect using basic population models and published data for a fish species often used in laboratory studies, the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). Additionally, the relation between life history strategy and stressor response is explored using population models for two bird species, European kingfisher (Alcedo atthis) and least tern (Sterna antillarum browni), with markedly different life history strategies. As these examples demonstrate, populations of species that have different life history strategies can respond differently to a stressor producing responses of similar type and magnitude at the individual level. Matrix population models represent quantitatively the life history strategy of an organism and provide a framework for exploring the risks that EDCs pose to wildlife populations. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Gleason, T R AU - Nacci, DE AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA, gleason.timothy@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 1027 EP - 1042 VL - 7 IS - 5 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - Fathead minnow KW - California least tern KW - Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Ecosystems KW - Alcedo atthis KW - endocrine disruptors KW - Environmental health KW - Population dynamics KW - Models KW - Ecology KW - Endocrine system KW - Populations KW - Sterna antillarum browni KW - Wildlife KW - Stress KW - Pimephales promelas KW - Life history KW - R2 23040:Biological KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18348170?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Risks+of+Endocrine-Disrupting+Compounds+to+Wildlife%3A+Extrapolating+from+Effects+on+Individuals+to+Population+Response&rft.au=Gleason%2C+T+R%3BNacci%2C+DE&rft.aulast=Gleason&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1027&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Indicators in Health and Ecological Risk Assessment. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pimephales promelas; Alcedo atthis; Sterna antillarum browni; Wildlife; Stress; endocrine disruptors; Risk assessment; Population dynamics; Ecology; Environmental health; Endocrine system; Populations; Ecosystems; Life history; Models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Historical Overview of the Ozone Exposure Problem AN - 18347503; 5300555 AB - Ozone can be found in essentially all locations in the troposphere. Too much exposure of vegetation and humans to this potent oxidizing gas can prove toxic. Reports of human toxicity to ozone first appeared in the 1800's from accidental occupational exposures when ozone was first discovered. Ozone was recognized as damaging field vegetation with a report of altered leaf morphology in grapes in the 1950s. Ozone is the major oxidant component in photochemical smog, and is produced by reactions of volatile organic compounds and oxides of nitrogen with sunlight present. Soon after the inception of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), the Agency set a general "oxidants" standard (which included ozone) in 1971. A primary standard was created to protect human health and a secondary standard to protect against agricultural losses, ecological damage, and other losses. Ozone concentrations have decreased steadily over the last two decades in some areas of the U.S., but have increased in other areas. Several aspects of ozone exposure need further characterization, including better determination of rural concentrations and the relationship of outdoor to indoor concentrations. Ozone is one of the six criteria air pollutants requiring a formal reexamination of the new findings of effects on health and vegetation on a periodic basis, a process that leads to the publication of an US EPA criteria document. As a result of further study concerning ozone effects, significant changes were made to pollution standards in 1979 and 1997. This toxicant has remained a major air pollutant of concern in the U.S. despite regulation and intense study over several decades. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Madden, M C AU - Hogsett, W E AD - U.S. EPA Human Studies Facility, 104 Mason Farm Road, MD# 58D, Chapel Hill NC 27599-7315, USA, madden.michael@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 1121 EP - 1131 VL - 7 IS - 5 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Toxicants KW - Environmental health KW - Pollution effects KW - Ozone KW - Air pollution KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18347503?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=A+Historical+Overview+of+the+Ozone+Exposure+Problem&rft.au=Madden%2C+M+C%3BHogsett%2C+W+E&rft.aulast=Madden&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Indicators in Health and Ecological Risk Assessment. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Toxicants; Ozone; Air pollution; Pollution effects; Environmental health ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Complexities in Understanding Ecosystem Response to Ozone AN - 18345705; 5300559 AB - Ecological risk assessment of O sub(3) impact requires consideration of many factors that, perhaps, are not of concern in human health risk assessment. The episodic nature of O sub(3) exposure, functional complexity of species assemblages, and the broad spatial and temporal scales characteristic of natural ecosystems make ecological risk assessment extremely difficult. The majority of exposure studies using plants have examined the sensitivity of individual species, growing under controlled conditions. Research has shown that individual growing in plant mixtures may not respond the same way to O sub(3) as when growing alone. In addition, other naturally occurring stresses can modify plant response to O sub(3). Understanding the effect of O sub(3) on natural systems and protecting vegetation resources represent significant scientific and regulatory challenges. Here we review several factors that need to be considered when evaluating ecosystem response to O sub(3). Then we briefly present two examples of controlled seedling studies that were conducted to better understand mechanisms of tree response to O sub(3). In the first example controlled exposure studies revealed responses in tree roots that led to hypothesis testing in the field in ponderosa pine ecosystems. Field experiments have confirmed a similar response in root biomass and carbohydrates across a natural O sub(3) gradient in S. California, suggesting at least a partial role for O sub(3) in the response. The second example illustrates the difficulty of understanding mechanistic interactions to O sub(3) stress even in controlled chamber studies. The second example also illustrates the difficulty of using chamber studies to understand responses in the field. While our knowledge of vegetation response to O sub(3) is extensive and compelling, important questions remain about how to quantify these effects in the field, assess their magnitude, and establish a suitable standard that is protective of ecosystems. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Andersen, C P AU - Grulke, N E AD - Western Ecology Division, NHEERL, 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 1169 EP - 1182 VL - 7 IS - 5 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Pollution effects KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Air pollution KW - Ozone KW - R2 23050:Environment KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18345705?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Complexities+in+Understanding+Ecosystem+Response+to+Ozone&rft.au=Andersen%2C+C+P%3BGrulke%2C+N+E&rft.aulast=Andersen&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Indicators in Health and Ecological Risk Assessment. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ozone; Air pollution; Pollution effects; Ecosystem disturbance ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prediction of the Acute Toxicity (96-h LC sub(50)) of Organic Compounds to the Fathead Minnow (Pimephales promelas) Using a Group Contribution Method AN - 18227683; 5299564 AB - A group contribution method has been developed to correlate the acute toxicity (96-h LC sub(50)) to the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) for 397 organic chemicals. Multilinear regression and computational neural networks (CNNs) were used for model building. The models were able to achieve a fairly good correlation of the data (r super(2) > 0.9). The linear model, which included four specific interaction terms, provided a rapid means of predicting the toxicity of a compound. The CNN model was able to yield virtually the same predictions with or without the four interaction terms that were included in the multilinear model. JF - Chemical Research in Toxicology AU - Martin, T M AU - Young, D M AD - U.S. EPA, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 1378 EP - 1385 VL - 14 IS - 10 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - Fathead minnow KW - Models KW - Prediction KW - acute toxicity KW - prediction KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - Mathematical models KW - Xenobiotics KW - Freshwater fish KW - Toxicity tests KW - Pimephales promelas KW - Lethal limits KW - Analytical techniques KW - Chemical pollution KW - Organic compounds KW - Chemical pollutants KW - Toxicity testing KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18227683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Research+in+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Prediction+of+the+Acute+Toxicity+%2896-h+LC+sub%2850%29%29+of+Organic+Compounds+to+the+Fathead+Minnow+%28Pimephales+promelas%29+Using+a+Group+Contribution+Method&rft.au=Martin%2C+T+M%3BYoung%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1378&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Research+in+Toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lethal limits; Analytical techniques; Organic compounds; Chemical pollutants; Freshwater fish; Toxicity tests; Mortality; Mathematical models; Xenobiotics; Chemical pollution; Toxicity testing; Pimephales promelas ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vertical, Longitudinal and Temporal Variation in the Macrobenthos of an Appalachian Headwater Stream System AN - 18217157; 5278650 AB - We examined vertical, longitudinal and seasonal variation in the abundance, taxa richness and community composition of the epibenthic and hyporheic macrobenthos at Elklick Run, a first-through fourth-order stream continuum in the central Appalachian Mountains in West Virginia. We sampled the macrobenthos at three levels (0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, 20-30 cm) below the stream bed using baskets filled with natural substratum. We quantified environmental factors including interstitial organic matter, fine sediment, water velocity and dissolved oxygen. Abundance, taxa richness and the relative abundance of streamlined taxa decreased with depth into the substratum. Interactions between depth into the substratum and site and between depth and season, were caused by a winter spate that reduced the abundance and taxa richness of the benthos in the upper layer of the hyporheic habitat (0-10 cm), but only at downstream sites. There was broad overlap in community structure among depths into the hyporheos, and virtually no taxa increased in absolute abundance with depth into the substratum or were restricted to hyporheic habitat. Abundance and taxa richness varied more with depth into the substratum than among sites or among seasons. However, both epibenthic and hyporheic community structure varied much more among seasons than among sites or among depths. The hyporheic fauna resembled the epibenthic fauna less at downstream sites where there was a more specialized epibenthic fauna including more streamlined taxa, filterers and scrapers. Abundance and taxa richness of the macrobenthos was positively correlated with interstitial flow, especially at upstream sites in Fall when stream flow was lowest, water temperature was high and interstitial dissolved oxygen concentration was low. The coefficient of variation in hyporheic abundance, taxa richness and community composition decreased with increasing stream order, suggesting decreased spatial variability in interstitial habitat suitability at downstream sites. JF - American Midland Naturalist AU - Angradi, T AU - Hood, R AU - Tarter, D AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, 999 18th Street, Suite 500, Denver, CO 80202, USA, angradi.theodore@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 223 EP - 242 VL - 146 IS - 2 SN - 0003-0031, 0003-0031 KW - USA, West Virginia KW - hyporheic habitat KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Abundance KW - Species Diversity KW - Interstitial environment KW - Freshwater KW - Spatial Distribution KW - Streams KW - Dissolved oxygen KW - USA, West Virginia, Elklick Run KW - Ecology KW - Spatial variations KW - Fauna KW - Stream flow rate KW - Seasonal variations KW - Rivers KW - Vertical distribution KW - Temporal variations KW - Vertical Distribution KW - Macrofauna KW - Community composition KW - Species diversity KW - Stream Discharge KW - Zoobenthos KW - Benthos KW - Q1 08462:Benthos KW - D 04310:Freshwater KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - Z 05210:Aquatic entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18217157?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Midland+Naturalist&rft.atitle=Vertical%2C+Longitudinal+and+Temporal+Variation+in+the+Macrobenthos+of+an+Appalachian+Headwater+Stream+System&rft.au=Angradi%2C+T%3BHood%2C+R%3BTarter%2C+D&rft.aulast=Angradi&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=146&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Midland+Naturalist&rft.issn=00030031&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0003-0031%282001%29146%280223%3AVLATVI%292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Spatial variations; Rivers; Vertical distribution; Community composition; Abundance; Species diversity; Stream flow rate; Interstitial environment; Zoobenthos; Seasonal variations; Dissolved oxygen; Temporal variations; Macrofauna; Streams; Benthos; Ecology; Fauna; Vertical Distribution; Species Diversity; Spatial Distribution; Stream Discharge; USA, West Virginia, Elklick Run; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0003-0031(2001)146(0223:VLATVI)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Emerging Pollutants, and Communicating the Science of Environmental Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry: Pharmaceuticals in the Environment AN - 18213083; 5274998 AB - While this paper is to a large degree targeted for those not familiar with mass spectrometry, the primary focus is on the importance of mass spectrometry in ultimately protecting public health and minimizing risks of chemical exposure. Its other audience is those who practice in this specialized field. Should this subject not interest you, by reading this article you can discover among other things, why elevator rides can be important for your career and for your discipline. Why acetaminophen is used for brown tree snakes, or lipid-lowering drugs for pigeons. JF - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry AU - Daughton, C G AD - Environmental Sciences Division, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Environmental Protection Agency, 944 East Harmon Avenue, Las Vegas, NV 89118, USA, daughton.christian@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 1067 EP - 1076 VL - 12 IS - 10 SN - 1044-0305, 1044-0305 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Pollution effects KW - Mass spectrometry KW - Public health KW - Pharmaceutical industry wastes KW - Chemical pollution KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18213083?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Society+for+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.atitle=Emerging+Pollutants%2C+and+Communicating+the+Science+of+Environmental+Chemistry+and+Mass+Spectrometry%3A+Pharmaceuticals+in+the+Environment&rft.au=Daughton%2C+C+G&rft.aulast=Daughton&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1067&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Society+for+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.issn=10440305&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mass spectrometry; Pharmaceutical industry wastes; Public health; Chemical pollution; Pollution effects ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation of dispersion of a power plant plume using an adaptive grid algorithm AN - 18192045; 5214037 AB - A new dynamic adaptive grid algorithm has been developed for use in air quality modeling. This algorithm uses a higher order numerical scheme--the piecewise parabolic method (PPM)--for computing advective solution fields; a weight function capable of promoting grid node clustering by moving grid nodes; and a conservative interpolation equation using PPM for redistributing the solution field after movement of grid nodes. Applications of the algorithm to a model problem, in which emissions from a point source disperse through the atmosphere in time, reflect that the algorithm is able to capture not only the regional ozone plume distribution, but also the small-scale plume structure near the source. In contrast, the small-scale plume structure was not captured in the corresponding static grid solution. Performance achieved in model problem simulations indicates that the algorithm has the potential to provide accurate air quality modeling solutions at costs that may be significantly less than those incurred in obtaining equivalent static grid solutions. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Srivastava, R K AU - McRae, D S AU - Odman, M T AD - National Risk Management Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, MD-65, 86 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, srivastava.ravi@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 4801 EP - 4818 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 35 IS - 28 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Simulation KW - Air quality models KW - Plume models KW - Power plants KW - Atmospheric pollution dispersion KW - Plumes KW - Air pollution measurements KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18192045?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Simulation+of+dispersion+of+a+power+plant+plume+using+an+adaptive+grid+algorithm&rft.au=Srivastava%2C+R+K%3BMcRae%2C+D+S%3BOdman%2C+M+T&rft.aulast=Srivastava&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=28&rft.spage=4801&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Power plants; Plumes; Pollution dispersion; Simulation; Air pollution measurements; Air quality models; Atmospheric pollution dispersion; Plume models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preliminary Estimates of Performance and Cost of Mercury Control Technology Applications on Electric Utility Boilers AN - 18127512; 5274181 AB - Under the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) determined that regulation of mercury emissions from coal-fired power plants is appropriate and necessary. To aid in this determination, preliminary estimates of the performance and cost of powdered activated carbon (PAC) injection-based mercury control technologies were developed. This paper presents these estimates and develops projections of costs for future applications. Cost estimates were developed using PAC to achieve a minimum of 80% mercury removal at plants using electrostatic precipitators and a minimum of 90% removal at plants using fabric filters. These estimates ranged from 0.305 to 3.783 mills/kWh. However, the higher costs were associated with a minority of plants using hot-side electrostatic precipitators (HESPs). If these costs are excluded, the estimates range from 0.305 to 1.915 mills/kWh. Cost projections developed using a composite lime-PAC sorbent for mercury removal ranged from 0.183 to 2.270 mills/kWh, with the higher costs being associated with a minority of plants that used HESPs. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Srivastava, R K AU - Sedman, C B AU - Kilgroe, J D AU - Smith, D AU - Renninger, S AD - Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 1460 EP - 1470 VL - 51 IS - 10 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Environmental economics KW - Activated carbon KW - Air pollution control KW - Emission control KW - Electrostatic precipitators KW - Boilers KW - Utilities KW - Cost-benefit analysis KW - Power plants KW - Mercury KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18127512?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Preliminary+Estimates+of+Performance+and+Cost+of+Mercury+Control+Technology+Applications+on+Electric+Utility+Boilers&rft.au=Srivastava%2C+R+K%3BSedman%2C+C+B%3BKilgroe%2C+J+D%3BSmith%2C+D%3BRenninger%2C+S&rft.aulast=Srivastava&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1460&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Boilers; Power plants; Mercury; Emission control; Air pollution control; Activated carbon; Electrostatic precipitators; Environmental economics; Cost-benefit analysis; Utilities ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DBP formation kinetics in a simulated distribution system AN - 18102976; 5203328 AB - Little is known about how the growth of halogenated disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water is affected by time spent in a distribution system. Experiments were performed to compare the rate of trihalomethane and haloacetic acid production in a simulated pipe environment to that observed for the same water held in glass bottles. Results showed that although the rate of chlorine consumption in the pipe was much greater than in the bottle, there was no decrease in the amount of haloacetic acids produced and that trihalomethane levels actually increased by an average of 15%. Separate tests confirmed that this increase was due to a reservoir of organic precursor material associated with deposits on the pipe wall. This work suggests that the rate of DBP production in a distribution system will not necessarily be reduced by increased chlorine consumption due to non-DBP producing reactions with deposits on the pipe wall. JF - Water Research AU - Rossman, LA AU - Brown, R A AU - Singer, P C AU - Nuckols, J R AD - National Risk Management Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA, rossman.lewis@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 3483 EP - 3489 VL - 35 IS - 14 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water supplies (Potable) KW - Pipes KW - Disinfection KW - Byproducts KW - Chlorine KW - Distribution systems KW - Conveyance Structures KW - Drinking Water KW - Water treatment KW - Halogenation KW - Trihalomethanes KW - Acids KW - Water Treatment KW - Acidity KW - Water Distribution KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18102976?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research&rft.atitle=DBP+formation+kinetics+in+a+simulated+distribution+system&rft.au=Rossman%2C+LA%3BBrown%2C+R+A%3BSinger%2C+P+C%3BNuckols%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Rossman&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=3483&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water supplies (Potable); Disinfection; Halogenation; Water treatment; Byproducts; Chlorine; Acidity; Distribution systems; Pipes; Drinking Water; Acids; Trihalomethanes; Water Treatment; Water Distribution; Conveyance Structures ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On-site solid-phase extraction and laboratory analysis of ultra-trace synthetic musks in municipal sewage effluent using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in the full-scan mode AN - 16158461; 5637691 AB - Fragrance materials such as synthetic musks in aqueous samples, are normally determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in the selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode to provide maximum sensitivity after liquid-liquid extraction of 1-1 samples. Full-scan mass spectra are required to verify that a target analyte has been found by comparison with the mass spectra of fragrance compounds in the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) mass spectral library. A 1-1 sample usually provides insufficient analyte for full scan data acquisition. This paper describes an on-site extraction method developed at the US Environmental Protection Agency (Las Vegas, NV, USA) for synthetic musks from 60 l of wastewater effluent. Such a large sample volume permits high-quality, full-scan mass spectra to be obtained for a wide array of synthetic musks. Quantification of these compounds was achieved from the full-scan data directly, without the need to acquire SIM data. The detection limits obtained with this method are an order of magnitude lower than those obtained from liquid-liquid and other solid-phase extraction methods. This method is highly reproducible, and recoveries ranged from 80 to 97% in spiked sewage treatment plant effluent. The high rate of sorbent-sample mass transfer eliminated the need for a methanolic activation step, which reduced extraction time, labor, and solvent use. More samples could be extracted in the field at lower cost. After sample extraction, the light-mass cartridges are easily transported and stored. JF - Journal of Chromatography A AU - Osemwengie, LI AU - Steinberg, S AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, P.O. Box 93478, Las Vegas, NV 89193-3478, USA, osemwengie.lantis@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 107 EP - 118 VL - 932 IS - 1-2 SN - 0021-9673, 0021-9673 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - Musk KW - Extraction procedures KW - Gas chromatography KW - Perfumes KW - Spectrometry (Mass) KW - Wastewater analysis KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16158461?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chromatography+A&rft.atitle=On-site+solid-phase+extraction+and+laboratory+analysis+of+ultra-trace+synthetic+musks+in+municipal+sewage+effluent+using+gas+chromatography-mass+spectrometry+in+the+full-scan+mode&rft.au=Osemwengie%2C+LI%3BSteinberg%2C+S&rft.aulast=Osemwengie&rft.aufirst=LI&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=932&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Chromatography+A&rft.issn=00219673&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0021-9673%2801%2901216-X LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Musk; Extraction procedures; Gas chromatography; Perfumes; Spectrometry (Mass); Wastewater analysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)01216-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Understanding and Managing the Risks to Health and Environment from Global Atmospheric Change: A Synthesis AN - 16132882; 5300561 AB - The global atmosphere is changing. Anthropogenic activities are increasing the concentrations of greenhouse gases and releasing synthetic compounds that deplete stratospheric ozone and increase UV-B radiation. Changes of temperature in the Northern Hemisphere during the past century strongly suggest that we are now in a period of rapid global warming relative to the past millennium. Increased concentrations of greenhouse gases are absorbing outgoing infrared radiation in the lower atmosphere, warming the troposphere and cooling the lower stratosphere. Research is beginning to indicate that losses of stratospheric ozone and increases of greenhouse gases are interdependent. Increased greenhouse gases have been implicated in the observed strengthening of stratospheric wind vortices around both poles, in turn setting the stage for further depletion of ozone and increases in UV-B radiation. Although the uncertainties are still large enough to make it difficult to assess health and ecological risks, decisions must be made. Research on indicators of risks to human health and the environment can help reduce the uncertainties in these risks and shorten the time between recognizing the risks of atmospheric change and taking concrete mitigative and adaptive actions. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Walker, HA AD - USEPA, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA, Walker.Henry@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 1195 EP - 1209 VL - 7 IS - 5 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Ultraviolet radiation KW - Environmental impact KW - Global warming KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Ozone KW - Public health KW - H 3000:Environment and Ecology KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - R2 23050:Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16132882?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Understanding+and+Managing+the+Risks+to+Health+and+Environment+from+Global+Atmospheric+Change%3A+A+Synthesis&rft.au=Walker%2C+HA&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=HA&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-07-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Indicators in Health and Ecological Risk Assessment. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ultraviolet radiation; Atmospheric chemistry; Environmental impact; Global warming; Greenhouse gases; Public health; Ozone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of Methyl tert-Butyl Ether on Lake Water Algae AN - 1439231984; 18619472 AB - Abstract not Available JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Kampbell, D H AU - An, Y-J AU - Williams, V R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Post Office Box 1198, Ada, OK 74820, USA, US Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 574 EP - 579 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 67 IS - 4 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Contamination KW - Lakes KW - Methyl tert-butyl ether KW - Ethers KW - Algae KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - H 14000:Toxicology KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - X 24360:Metals KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1439231984?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Influence+of+Methyl+tert-Butyl+Ether+on+Lake+Water+Algae&rft.au=Kampbell%2C+D+H%3BAn%2C+Y-J%3BWilliams%2C+V+R&rft.aulast=Kampbell&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=574&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs001280162 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lakes; Methyl tert-butyl ether; Algae; Contamination; Ethers DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001280162 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The development of iodine based impinger solutions for the efficient capture of Hg0 using direct injection nebulization-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis. AN - 72387334; 11783657 AB - Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP/MS) with direct injection nebulization (DIN) was used to evaluate novel impinger solution compositions capable of capturing elemental mercury (Hg0) in EPA Method 5 type sampling. An iodine based impinger solution proved to be very efficient for Hg0 capture and was amenable to direct analysis by DIN-ICP/MS. Hg0 capture efficiency using aqueous iodine (I3-) was comparable to Hg0 capture using acidified potassium permanganate impinger solutions which were analyzed by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry (CVAAS), with greater than 98% capture of Hg0 in the first oxidizing impinger. Using DIN-ICP/MS, it was demonstrated for the first time that iodine can be generated just prior to impinger sampling for efficiently oxidizing Hg0 and retaining it in solution as HgI4(2-). Due to the increased interest in Hg speciation from combustion sources and the potential for using DIN-ICP/MS for multiple metals analyses, an impinger sampling train for gaseous Hg speciation and multiple metals analyses using DIN-ICP/MS analyses is presented. The unique feature of such a sampling train is that each impinger solution in the series is amenable to direct analysis by DIN-ICP/MS. A bituminous coal was combusted in a bench scale coal system, and gaseous Hg species (oxidized and elemental) were determined using the proposed impinger train. The DIN-ICP/MS instrumental detection limit was 0.003 ppb, and MDLs ranged from 0.007 to 0.116 microg/L (ppb) in a variety of impinger solutions used for Hg capture. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Hedrick, E AU - Lee, T G AU - Biswas, P AU - Zhuang, Y AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA. hedrick.elizabeth@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/09/15/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Sep 15 SP - 3764 EP - 3773 VL - 35 IS - 18 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Coal KW - Iodine KW - 9679TC07X4 KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Mass Spectrometry KW - Incineration KW - Iodine -- chemistry KW - Mercury -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72387334?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=The+development+of+iodine+based+impinger+solutions+for+the+efficient+capture+of+Hg0+using+direct+injection+nebulization-inductively+coupled+plasma+mass+spectrometry+analysis.&rft.au=Hedrick%2C+E%3BLee%2C+T+G%3BBiswas%2C+P%3BZhuang%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Hedrick&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2001-09-15&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=3764&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-01-23 N1 - Date created - 2002-01-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lung tumor KRAS and TP53 mutations in nonsmokers reflect exposure to PAH-rich coal combustion emissions. AN - 71173917; 11559534 AB - We determined the TP53 and codon 12 KRAS mutations in lung tumors from 24 nonsmokers whose tumors were associated with exposure to smoky coal. Among any tumors studied previously, these showed the highest percentage of mutations that (a) were G --> T transversions at either KRAS (86%) or TP53 (76%), (b) clustered at the G-rich codons 153-158 of TP53 (33%), and (c) had 100% of the guanines of the G --> T transversions on the nontranscribed strand. This mutation spectrum is consistent with an exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which are the primary component of the smoky coal emissions. These results show that mutations in the TP53 and KRAS genes can reflect a specific environmental exposure. JF - Cancer research AU - DeMarini, D M AU - Landi, S AU - Tian, D AU - Hanley, N M AU - Li, X AU - Hu, F AU - Roop, B C AU - Mass, M J AU - Keohavong, P AU - Gao, W AU - Olivier, M AU - Hainaut, P AU - Mumford, J L AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division (MD-68), United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. demarini.david@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/09/15/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Sep 15 SP - 6679 EP - 6681 VL - 61 IS - 18 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Coal KW - 0 KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - Smoke KW - Index Medicus KW - Smoke -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- adverse effects KW - Humans KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Smoking -- adverse effects KW - Middle Aged KW - Smoking -- genetics KW - Female KW - Lung Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Genes, ras -- genetics KW - Coal -- adverse effects KW - Genes, p53 -- genetics KW - Lung Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- adverse effects KW - Mutation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71173917?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Lung+tumor+KRAS+and+TP53+mutations+in+nonsmokers+reflect+exposure+to+PAH-rich+coal+combustion+emissions.&rft.au=DeMarini%2C+D+M%3BLandi%2C+S%3BTian%2C+D%3BHanley%2C+N+M%3BLi%2C+X%3BHu%2C+F%3BRoop%2C+B+C%3BMass%2C+M+J%3BKeohavong%2C+P%3BGao%2C+W%3BOlivier%2C+M%3BHainaut%2C+P%3BMumford%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=DeMarini&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-09-15&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=6679&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-10-11 N1 - Date created - 2001-09-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the Long-Term Frequency Distribution of Regional Ozone Concentrations Using Synthetic Meteorology AN - 18575327; 5312126 AB - A new method is developed to generate the meteorological input fields required for use with photochemical airshed models that seek to predict the effect of pollutant emissions on the long-term frequency distribution of peak O sub(3) concentrations. Instead of using meteorological fields derived from interpolation of direct weather observations, this method uses synthetically generated meteorological data. These synthetic meteorological fields are created by first constructing a semi-Markov process that generates a time series of large-scale synoptic weather conditions that statistically resemble the occurrence and persistence of synoptic weather patterns during specific months of the year. Then for each day within each synoptic weather category, local weather variables indicative of the meteorological potential for ozone formation are drawn from the approximated joint distribution of the summation of three pressure gradients across the airshed and the 850 mb temperature measured in the early morning. The synthetic initial conditions are combined with boundary values that are extracted from historical days that match the chosen synoptic class, temperature, and pressure gradient values as closely as possible for use in a prognostic mesoscale meteorological model. The prognostic mesoscale meteorological model generates the meteorological input fields necessary for the photochemical airshed model. The airshed model driven by synthetically generated meteorological data is executed for a 31 day period that statistically resembles weather during the month of August in Southern California using pollutant emissions data from the year 1987. The procedure produced a frequency of occurrence of peak 8 h average ozone concentrations that compared well both to that produced by the deterministic model as well as to the O sub(3) concentrations observed over the August months of the years 1984-1990. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Winner, DA AU - Cass, G R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (MC-2842), 1200 Pennsylvania Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460, USA, winner.darrell@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/09/15/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Sep 15 SP - 3718 EP - 3726 VL - 35 IS - 18 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Photochemistry KW - Weather KW - Mathematical models KW - Ozone models KW - Ozone-atmospheric pollution relationships KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Emissions KW - Ozone concentration KW - Meteorology KW - Ozone-meteorological factor relationships KW - Ozone KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.510.3/.4:Physical Properties/Composition (551.510.3/.4) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18575327?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+Long-Term+Frequency+Distribution+of+Regional+Ozone+Concentrations+Using+Synthetic+Meteorology&rft.au=Winner%2C+DA%3BCass%2C+G+R&rft.aulast=Winner&rft.aufirst=DA&rft.date=2001-09-15&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=3718&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Meteorology; Ozone; Emissions; Photochemistry; Weather; Mathematical models; Atmospheric chemistry; Ozone concentration; Ozone models; Ozone-meteorological factor relationships; Ozone-atmospheric pollution relationships ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Heterozygous inactivation of TGF- beta 1 increases the susceptibility to chemically induced mouse lung tumorigenesis independently of mutational activation of K-ras AN - 18255785; 5310847 AB - Mice heterozygous for deletion of the transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF- beta 1) gene show an enhanced rate of lung tumorigenesis following carcinogen treatment. Since the growth inhibitory activity of TGF- beta 1 in epithelial cells is associated with K-ras p21, and K-ras mutations commonly occur in chemically-induced mouse lung tumors, we postulated that tumors in heterozygous TGF- beta 1 mice might be more likely to have K-ras mutations compared with tumors in wildtype TGF- beta 1 mice. Urethane-induced lung tumors in AJBL6 TGF- beta 1 +/- and +/+ mice were examined for K-ras mutations by polymerase chain reaction/single strand conformation polymorphism analysis and sequencing. Mutation frequencies were similar in both genotypes: 12/18 +/- tumors (67%) and 10/16 +/+ tumors (62%). Mutations occurred in 80% +/- and 75% +/+ carcinomas, but in only 50% of the adenomas of both TGF- beta 1 genotypes. Codon 61 A arrow right G transition mutations were predominant, occurring in 61% +/- and 44% +/+ tumors. Three +/- (17%) and three +/+ (19%) tumors showed codon 12 mutations, mostly G arrow right A transitions. Two +/- tumors had both codon 61 and codon 12 mutations. Interestingly, carcinomas with mutations in codon 61 were larger than those with codon 12 changes. It appears that the mechanism of enhanced susceptibility of TGF- beta 1 +/- mice to urethane-induced lung carcinogenesis does not involve selective development of tumors with K-ras mutations. JF - Toxicology Letters AU - McKenna, I M AU - Ramakrishna, G AU - Diwan, BA AU - Kang, Yang AU - Shiao, Yih-Horng AU - Wakefield, L M AU - Powell, DA AU - Anderson, L M AU - Jakowlew, S B AD - Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxic Substances, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA, mckennai@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2001/09/15/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Sep 15 SP - 151 EP - 158 VL - 123 IS - 2-3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - mice KW - transforming growth factor- beta 1 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - transforming growth factor-^b1 KW - Urethan KW - Lung KW - Carcinogenesis KW - Tumorigenesis KW - Mutant frequency KW - Heterozygosity KW - X 24155:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18255785?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+Letters&rft.atitle=Heterozygous+inactivation+of+TGF-+beta+1+increases+the+susceptibility+to+chemically+induced+mouse+lung+tumorigenesis+independently+of+mutational+activation+of+K-ras&rft.au=McKenna%2C+I+M%3BRamakrishna%2C+G%3BDiwan%2C+BA%3BKang%2C+Yang%3BShiao%2C+Yih-Horng%3BWakefield%2C+L+M%3BPowell%2C+DA%3BAnderson%2C+L+M%3BJakowlew%2C+S+B&rft.aulast=McKenna&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=2001-09-15&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+Letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lung; Tumorigenesis; Heterozygosity; Mutant frequency; Urethan; Carcinogenesis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Formation of Chloropyromorphite in a Lead-Contaminated Soil Amended with Hydroxyapatite AN - 16131015; 5312134 AB - Conversion of soil Pb to pyromorphite [Pb sub(5)(PO sub(4)) sub(3)CI] was evaluated by reacting a Pb contaminated soil collected adjacent to a historical smelter with hydroxyapatite [Ca sub(5)(PO sub(4)) sub(3)OH]. In a dialysis experiment where the soil and hydroxyapatite solids were placed in separate dialysis bags suspended in 0.01 M NaNO sub(3) solution a crystalline precipitate, identified as chloropyromorphite, formed on the dialysis membrane containing the soil. The aqueous composition of the solution indicated that dissolution of solid-phase soil Pb was the rate-limiting step for pyromorphite formation. Addition of hydroxyapatite to the soil caused a decrease in each of the first four fractions of sequential extractable Pb and a 35% increase in the recalcitrant extraction residue. After a 240-d incubation at field-moisture content there was a further increase in the recalcitrant extraction residue fraction of the hydroxyapatite-amended soil to 45% of the total soil Pb. The increase in the extraction residue fraction in the hydroxyapatite amended 0-d incubated soil as compared to the control soil illustrates that the chemical extraction procedure itself caused changes in extractability. Thus, the chemical extraction procedure cannot easily be utilized to confirm changes occurring in amended soils. The further increase after the 240-d incubation implies that the reaction also occurs in the soil during incubation. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy indicated that after the 240-d incubation the hydroxyapatite treatment caused a change in the average, local molecular bonding environment of soil Pb. Low-temperature EXAFS spectra (chi data and radial structure functions - RSFs) showed a high degree of similarity between the chemical extraction residue and synthetic pyromorphite, providing additional evidence that the change of soil Pb to pyromorphite is possible by simple amendments of hydroxyapatite to soil. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Ryan, JA AU - Zhang, P AU - Hesterberg, D AU - Chou, J AU - Sayers, DE AD - National Risk Management Research Laboratory, US EPA, 5995 Center Hill Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45224, USA, ryan.jim@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/09/15/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Sep 15 SP - 3798 EP - 3803 VL - 35 IS - 18 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - chloropyromorphite KW - hydroxyapatite KW - pyromorphite KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Dialysis KW - Chemical treatment KW - Soil contamination KW - Smelters KW - Lead KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16131015?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Formation+of+Chloropyromorphite+in+a+Lead-Contaminated+Soil+Amended+with+Hydroxyapatite&rft.au=Ryan%2C+JA%3BZhang%2C+P%3BHesterberg%2C+D%3BChou%2C+J%3BSayers%2C+DE&rft.aulast=Ryan&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=2001-09-15&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=3798&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Dialysis; Chemical treatment; Soil contamination; Smelters; Lead ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-performance liquid chromatographic separation of the enantiomers of organophosphorus pesticides on polysaccharide chiral stationary phases. AN - 71224980; 11587332 AB - High-performance liquid chromatographic separation of the individual enantiomers of 12 organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) was obtained on polysaccharide enantioselective HPLC columns using alkane-alcohol mobile phase. The OP pesticides were crotoxyphos, dialifor, fonofos, fenamiphos, fensulfothion, isofenphos, malathion, methamidophos, profenofos, crufomate, prothiophos and trichloronate. The enantiomers of fenamiphos, fensulfothion, profenofos and crufomate were separated on CHIRALPAK AD; the enantiomers of fenamiphos were also separated on CHIRALPAK AS; the enantiomers of methamidophos, crufomate and trichloronate were separated on CHIRALCEL OD; the enantiomers of crotoxyphos, dialifor, fonofos, malathion, prothiophos and trichloronate were separated on CHIRALCEL OJ; and the enantiomers of isofenphos were separated on CHIRALCEL OG. Baseline or partial separation of the enantiomers of six of these OP pesticides was obtained on CHIRALCEL OJ. In continued method development, the separation of the enantiomers of the 12 OPs was investigated more extensively on CHIRALCEL OJ to determine whether the mobile phase composition, flow-rate and column temperature could be optimized to yield at least partial separation of the enantiomers. Chromatographic conditions were found that gave either baseline or near baseline separations of the enantiomers of the 12 OPs on the CHIRALCEL OJ column. JF - Journal of chromatography. A AU - Ellington, J J AU - Evans, J J AU - Prickett, K B AU - Champion, W L AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Ecosystems Research Division, Athens, GA 30605, USA. ellington.jackson@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/09/14/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Sep 14 SP - 145 EP - 154 VL - 928 IS - 2 SN - 0021-9673, 0021-9673 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Organophosphorus Compounds KW - Polysaccharides KW - Index Medicus KW - Stereoisomerism KW - Temperature KW - Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet KW - Insecticides -- chemistry KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid -- methods KW - Insecticides -- isolation & purification KW - Polysaccharides -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71224980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+chromatography.+A&rft.atitle=High-performance+liquid+chromatographic+separation+of+the+enantiomers+of+organophosphorus+pesticides+on+polysaccharide+chiral+stationary+phases.&rft.au=Ellington%2C+J+J%3BEvans%2C+J+J%3BPrickett%2C+K+B%3BChampion%2C+W+L&rft.aulast=Ellington&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-09-14&rft.volume=928&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+chromatography.+A&rft.issn=00219673&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-02-22 N1 - Date created - 2001-10-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of consumption of home-produced foods. AN - 72254276; 11687913 AB - One of the potential exposure pathways of concern when assessing human exposures to environmental contaminants is the ingestion of contaminated foods. Individuals who live near contaminated sites and who grow their own food may be at a higher risk than the general population. Estimating exposures to this subpopulation requires an analysis of homegrown food intake rates. The Nationwide Food Consumption Survey (NFCS) 1987-1988 data were used to generate intake rates for home-produced foods. Results of the analysis show that, among the general population, homegrown vegetables (18%) were the most commonly consumed of the major food groups, followed by fruit (8%), meat (5%), fish (2%), and dairy products (0.8%). The intake rates for the major food groups vary according to region, age, urbanization, and race. In general, intake rates of home-produced foods are higher among populations in non-metropolitan and suburban areas and lowest in central city areas. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Moya, J AU - Phillips, L AD - US EPA, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington, District of Columbia 20460, USA. moya.jacqueline@epamail.epa.gov PY - 2001 SP - 398 EP - 406 VL - 11 IS - 5 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Index Medicus KW - Vegetables KW - Age Factors KW - Rural Population KW - Humans KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Aged KW - Child KW - Risk Assessment KW - Child, Preschool KW - Meat KW - Infant KW - Epidemiologic Studies KW - Health Surveys KW - Adult KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Middle Aged KW - Seafood KW - Dairy Products KW - Diet KW - Fruit KW - Adolescent KW - Urban Population KW - Male KW - Female KW - Cooking KW - Food Contamination UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72254276?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+consumption+of+home-produced+foods.&rft.au=Moya%2C+J%3BPhillips%2C+L&rft.aulast=Moya&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=398&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-04 N1 - Date created - 2001-11-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nasal biopsies of children exposed to air pollutants. AN - 72253559; 11695573 AB - Southwest Metropolitan Mexico City (SWMMC) atmosphere is a complex mixture of air pollutants, including ozone, particulate matter, and aldehydes. Children in SWMMC are exposed chronically and sequentially to numerous toxicants, and they exhibit significant nasal damage. The objective of this study was to assess p53 accumulation by immunohistochemistry in nasal biopsies of SWMMC children. We evaluated 111 biopsies from 107 children (83 exposed SWMMC children and 24 control children residents in a pollutant-compliant Caribbean island). Complete clinical histories and physical examinations, including an ear-nose-throat (ENT) exam were done. There was a significant statistical difference in the upper and lower respiratory symptomatology and ENT findings between control and exposed children (p < 0.001). Control children gave no respiratory symptomatology in the 3 months prior to the study; their biopsies exhibited normal ciliated respiratory epithelium and were p53-negative. SWMMC children complained of epistaxis, nasal obstruction. and crusting. Irregular areas of whitish-gray recessed mucosa over the inferior and middle turbinates were seen in 25% of SWMMC children, and their nasal biopsies displayed basal cell hyperplasia, decreased numbers of ciliated and goblet cells, neutrophilic epithelial infiltrates, squamous metaplasia. and mild dysplasia. Four of 21 SWMMC children with grossly abnormal mucosal changes exhibited strong transmural nuclear p53 staining in their nasal biopsies (p 0.005, odds ratio 26). In the context of lifetime exposures to toxic and potentially carcinogenic air pollutants, p53 nasal induction in children could potentially represent. a) a checkpoint response to toxic exposures, setting up a selective condition for p53 mutation, or b) a p53 mutation has already occurred as a result of such selection. Because the biological significance of p53 nuclear accumulation in the nasal biopsies of these children is not clear at this point, we strongly suggest that children with macroscopic nasal mucosal abnormalities should be closely monitored by the ENT physician. Parents should be advised to decrease the children's number of outdoor exposure hours and encourage a balanced diet with an important component of fresh fruits and vegetables. JF - Toxicologic pathology AU - Calderón-Garcidueñas, L AU - Rodriguez-Alcaraz, A AU - Valencia-Salazar, G AU - Mora-Tascareño, A AU - García, R AU - Osnaya, N AU - Villarreal-Calderón, A AU - Devlin, R B AU - Van Dyke, T AD - University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27514, USA. calderon.lilian@epamail.epa.gov PY - 2001 SP - 558 EP - 564 VL - 29 IS - 5 SN - 0192-6233, 0192-6233 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mexico KW - Humans KW - Epithelium -- metabolism KW - Child KW - Biopsy KW - Epithelium -- pathology KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Immunoenzyme Techniques KW - Female KW - Epithelium -- drug effects KW - Nasal Mucosa -- pathology KW - Nasal Mucosa -- metabolism KW - Nasal Mucosa -- drug effects KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Inhalation Exposure -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72253559?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicologic+pathology&rft.atitle=Nasal+biopsies+of+children+exposed+to+air+pollutants.&rft.au=Calder%C3%B3n-Garcidue%C3%B1as%2C+L%3BRodriguez-Alcaraz%2C+A%3BValencia-Salazar%2C+G%3BMora-Tascare%C3%B1o%2C+A%3BGarc%C3%ADa%2C+R%3BOsnaya%2C+N%3BVillarreal-Calder%C3%B3n%2C+A%3BDevlin%2C+R+B%3BVan+Dyke%2C+T&rft.aulast=Calder%C3%B3n-Garcidue%C3%B1as&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=558&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicologic+pathology&rft.issn=01926233&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-03-21 N1 - Date created - 2001-11-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of antioxidant supplementation on ozone-induced lung injury in human subjects. AN - 71161215; 11549539 AB - To determine whether antioxidants can influence human susceptibility to ozone (O(3))-induced changes in lung function and airway inflammation, we placed 31 healthy nonsmoking adults (18 to 35 yr old) on a diet low in ascorbate for 3 wk. At 1 wk, subjects were exposed to filtered air for 2 h while exercising (20 L/min/m(2)), and then underwent bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and were randomly assigned to receive either a placebo or 250 mg of vitamin C, 50 IU of alpha-tocopherol, and 12 oz of vegetable cocktail daily for 2 wk. Subjects were then exposed to 0.4 ppm O(3) for 2 h and underwent a second BAL. On the day of the O(3) exposure, supplemented subjects were found to have significantly increased levels of plasma ascorbate, tocopherols, and carotenoids as compared with those of the placebo group. Pulmonary function testing showed that O(3)-induced reductions in FEV(1) and FVC were 30% and 24% smaller, respectively, in the supplemented cohort. In contrast, the inflammatory response to O(3) inhalation, as represented by the percent neutrophils and the concentration of interleukin-6 recovered in the BAL fluid at 1 h after O(3) exposure was not different for the two groups. These data suggest that dietary antioxidants protect against O(3)-induced pulmonary function decrements in humans. JF - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine AU - Samet, J M AU - Hatch, G E AU - Horstman, D AU - Steck-Scott, S AU - Arab, L AU - Bromberg, P A AU - Levine, M AU - McDonnell, W F AU - Devlin, R B AD - Human Studies Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, USA. samet.jim@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/09/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Sep 01 SP - 819 EP - 825 VL - 164 IS - 5 SN - 1073-449X, 1073-449X KW - Antioxidants KW - 0 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Male KW - Female KW - Lung Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Antioxidants -- therapeutic use KW - Lung Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Ozone -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71161215?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.atitle=Effect+of+antioxidant+supplementation+on+ozone-induced+lung+injury+in+human+subjects.&rft.au=Samet%2C+J+M%3BHatch%2C+G+E%3BHorstman%2C+D%3BSteck-Scott%2C+S%3BArab%2C+L%3BBromberg%2C+P+A%3BLevine%2C+M%3BMcDonnell%2C+W+F%3BDevlin%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Samet&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=164&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=819&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.issn=1073449X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-07-02 N1 - Date created - 2001-09-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An evaluation of chemical persistence screening approaches. AN - 71148726; 11545525 AB - A chemical's ability to persist in the environment is an important criterion in determining whether concern is warranted. Screening is commonly conducted based on the maximum degradation half-life of the chemical in any given medium (air, water, soil and sediment), or in terms of model-based estimates of the chemical's overall persistence (half-life or residence time) in the environment. In practice, however, both approaches are hindered by the limited availability of degradation data. Straightforward guidelines are therefore proposed in this paper to help predetermine which half-lives are likely to be pertinent, irrespective of the screening approach adopted. The guidelines are based on partitioning coefficients (Henry's Law constant and the octanol-water partitioning coefficient). The values selected for use in the guidelines result in a quantifiable trade-off between data acquisition requirements and uncertainty. Initial screening can be performed with whatever data is readily available. Overall persistence predictions will be conservative. False-negatives are not generated. The guideline values can then be adjusted iteratively to facilitate step-wise or tiered screening. Using this iterative approach in national and international screening initiatives will result in significant time and money savings. JF - Chemosphere AU - Pennington, D W AD - ORISE, Systems Analysis Branch, NRMRL, US EPA Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA. david.pennington@epfl.ch Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - September 2001 SP - 1589 EP - 1601 VL - 44 IS - 7 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Xenobiotics KW - Index Medicus KW - False Negative Reactions KW - Half-Life KW - Chemistry, Physical KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Forecasting KW - Risk Assessment KW - Models, Chemical KW - Xenobiotics -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71148726?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=An+evaluation+of+chemical+persistence+screening+approaches.&rft.au=Pennington%2C+D+W&rft.aulast=Pennington&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1589&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-01-17 N1 - Date created - 2001-09-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using higher organisms in biological early warning systems for real-time toxicity detection. AN - 71148032; 11544040 AB - Many biological early warning systems (BEWS) have been developed in recent years that evaluate the physiological and behavioral responses of whole organisms to water quality. Using a fish ventilatory monitoring system developed at the US Army Centre for Environmental Health Research as an example, we illustrate the operation of a BEWS at a groundwater treatment facility. During a recent 12-month period, the fish ventilatory system was operational for 99% of the time that the treatment facility was on-line. Effluent-exposed fish responded as a group about 2.8% of the time. While some events were due to equipment problems or non-toxic water quality variations, the fish system did indicate effluent anomalies that were subsequently identified and corrected. The fish monitoring BEWS increased treatment facility engineers' awareness of effluent quality and provided an extra measure of assurance to regulators and the public. Many operational and practical considerations for whole organism BEWS are similar to those for cell- or tissue-based biosensors. An effective biomonitoring system may need to integrate the responses of several biological and chemical sensors to achieve desired operational goals. Future development of an 'electronic canary', analogous to the original canary in the coal mine, could draw upon advances in signal processing and communication to establish a network of sensors in a watershed and to provide useful real-time information on water quality. JF - Biosensors & bioelectronics AU - van der Schalie, W H AU - Shedd, T R AU - Knechtges, P L AU - Widder, M W AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Ariel Rios Building, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20460, USA. vanderschalie.william@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - September 2001 SP - 457 EP - 465 VL - 16 IS - 7-8 SN - 0956-5663, 0956-5663 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Waste Disposal, Fluid KW - Respiration KW - Cost-Benefit Analysis KW - Perciformes -- physiology KW - Maryland KW - Biosensing Techniques KW - Environmental Monitoring -- economics KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71148032?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biosensors+%26+bioelectronics&rft.atitle=Using+higher+organisms+in+biological+early+warning+systems+for+real-time+toxicity+detection.&rft.au=van+der+Schalie%2C+W+H%3BShedd%2C+T+R%3BKnechtges%2C+P+L%3BWidder%2C+M+W&rft.aulast=van+der+Schalie&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=7-8&rft.spage=457&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biosensors+%26+bioelectronics&rft.issn=09565663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-01-22 N1 - Date created - 2001-09-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating degradation rates of chlorinated organics in groundwater using analytical models. AN - 71122091; 11521816 AB - The persistence and fate of organic contaminants in the environment largely depends on their rate of degradation. Most studies of degradation rate are performed in the lab where chemical conditions can be controlled precisely. Unfortunately, literature values for lab degradation studies often are orders of magnitude higher than for field-generated studies, calling into question the relevance of lab-generated values for characterizing the persistence of organic contaminants in the environment. Complicating analysis of this ostensible disparity between lab and field degradation values, field-generated values often do not account for effects of adsorption. Modeling with a newly derived analytical solution for first-order degradation coupled with advective losses and adsorption to solve for degradation constants is insensitive to uncertainties in field properties. Application to field data shows that accounting for advection and adsorption greatly affects the value of calculated degradation constants compared to disappearance constants, which do not account for these phenomena. In fact, degradation constants, calculated using these analytical solutions and field data, are in the range reported for lab-generated data. Using these analytical solutions, for the sulfate-reducing field conditions documented for this site, perchloroethene, trichloroethene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 1,1-dichloroethane, and chloroethane all degraded with half-lives ranging from 5 to 115 d. Consistent with other studies of sulfate-reducing conditions, cis-1,2-dichloroethene did not chemically degrade at a measurable rate. When nonaqueous phase 1,1-dichloroethane is present, down-gradient concentrations vary in an annual sinusoidal pattern, apparently because of seasonal variation in dilution from groundwater recharge. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Washington, J W AU - Cameron, B A AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Georgia 30605-2700, USA. washington.john@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - September 2001 SP - 1909 EP - 1915 VL - 20 IS - 9 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Organic Chemicals KW - 0 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Water Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Chemistry Techniques, Analytical KW - Volatilization KW - Water Pollutants -- analysis KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71122091?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=Evaluating+degradation+rates+of+chlorinated+organics+in+groundwater+using+analytical+models.&rft.au=Washington%2C+J+W%3BCameron%2C+B+A&rft.aulast=Washington&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1909&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-01-04 N1 - Date created - 2001-08-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vitellogenin gene transcription: a relative quantitative exposure indicator of environmental estrogens. AN - 71119402; 11521824 AB - We report the development of a quantifiable exposure indicator for measuring the presence of environmental estrogens in aquatic systems. Synthetic oligonucleotides, designed specifically for the vitellogenin gene (Vg) transcription product, were used in a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) protocol. This extremely sensitive and rapid method was able to detect vitellogenin gene transcription in male common carp (Cyprinus carpio) injected with 17beta-estradiol. Sequence analysis of the induced mRNA product confirmed a vitellogenin gene transcript with homology to rainbow trout and fathead minnow vitellogenin cDNA sequences. Relative levels of vitellogenin gene induction among individuals were quantified by incorporating 18S ribosomal RNA universal primers and Competimers in a PCR multiplex reaction with primers for vitellogenin. This method is more sensitive than current protocols, such as mortality, visible signs of stress, or other techniques that look for unscheduled gene expression, because it measures the appearance of primary transcripts at the nanogram level. In addition, this procedure does not sacrifice accuracy or reliability, even though the exposure to estrogen is within 1 d. This research will support the construction of regional stressor profiles, thereby providing a method for comparative environmental exposure assessment. It may also provide an in vivo screening method for potential endocrine-disrupting compounds. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Lattier, D L AU - Gordon, D A AU - Burks, D J AU - Toth, G P AD - Molecular Ecology Research Branch, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA. lattier.david@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - September 2001 SP - 1979 EP - 1985 VL - 20 IS - 9 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - DNA, Complementary KW - Estradiol Congeners KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Vitellogenins KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Estradiol KW - 4TI98Z838E KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Estradiol -- adverse effects KW - Animals KW - Cyprinidae KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Endocrine System -- drug effects KW - Oncorhynchus mykiss KW - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Male KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Estradiol Congeners -- adverse effects KW - Vitellogenins -- biosynthesis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- adverse effects KW - Biomarkers -- analysis KW - Carps KW - Vitellogenins -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71119402?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=Vitellogenin+gene+transcription%3A+a+relative+quantitative+exposure+indicator+of+environmental+estrogens.&rft.au=Lattier%2C+D+L%3BGordon%2C+D+A%3BBurks%2C+D+J%3BToth%2C+G+P&rft.aulast=Lattier&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1979&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-01-04 N1 - Date created - 2001-08-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of 17beta-estradiol, o,p'-DDT, octylphenol and p,p'-DDE on gonadal development and liver and kidney pathology in juvenile male summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus). AN - 71047432; 11451429 AB - The intent of this study was to compare histopathologically the effect of 17beta-estradiol (E(2)), o,p'-DDT, octylphenol and p,p'-DDE on gonadal development and liver and kidney condition in sexually immature (juvenile) summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus). The dorsal sinus of 2-year-old juvenile male summer flounder was injected with the appropriate amount of chemical incorporated in coconut oil. A second identical injection was administered 2 weeks later. Fish were sampled at 4, 6 and 8 weeks after the initial injection and observed histopathologically. In control fish, spermatogenesis was predominantly in mid to late maturation. In fish treated with 1.0 and 10.0 mg/kg E(2) spermatogenesis regressed to primary spermatogonia or an immature functional state. Testicular atrophy and spermatogonial proliferation was also observed. An eosin-positive, hyaline material was found in the gonad, liver and kidney. This eosinophilic material also stained positive with Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) stain. Treatment of 30 or 60 mg/kg o,p'-DDT elicited altered gonadal development similar to that observed with E(2) treated fish. Octylphenol treatment of 100 mg/kg resulted in reduced testicular size, ducts full of sperm, numerous spermatogonia and PAS positive material in the testis with no developing sperm cysts. No effect on liver or gonad tissues was observed with p,p'-DDE at the concentrations tested. All chemicals tested, with exception of p,p'-DDE, altered gonadal development, whereas only E(2) caused histopathological changes in the liver and kidney. Estrogenic activity induced the liver to produce a vitellogenin (VtG)-like substance and inhibited testicular maturation. As a result, both the lack of target cells for VtG and a continuous supply of VtG from the liver allowed the hyaline material to accumulate in the liver, testis and kidney causing histopathological changes. JF - Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) AU - Zaroogian, G AU - Gardner, G AU - Horowitz, D B AU - Gutjahr-Gobell, R AU - Haebler, R AU - Mills, L AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, NHEERL/AED, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI 02882-1154, USA. Zaroogian.Jerry@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - September 2001 SP - 101 EP - 112 VL - 54 IS - 1-2 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - Phenols KW - 0 KW - Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene KW - 4M7FS82U08 KW - Estradiol KW - 4TI98Z838E KW - o,p'-DDT KW - 789-02-6 KW - 4-octylphenol KW - 7DF2B8LH3P KW - DDT KW - CIW5S16655 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Testis -- drug effects KW - Flounder KW - Testis -- pathology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Kidney -- pathology KW - Gonads -- growth & development KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Gonads -- drug effects KW - Kidney -- drug effects KW - Estradiol -- toxicity KW - DDT -- toxicity KW - Phenols -- toxicity KW - Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene -- toxicity KW - Gonads -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71047432?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+toxicology+%28Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands%29&rft.atitle=Effect+of+17beta-estradiol%2C+o%2Cp%27-DDT%2C+octylphenol+and+p%2Cp%27-DDE+on+gonadal+development+and+liver+and+kidney+pathology+in+juvenile+male+summer+flounder+%28Paralichthys+dentatus%29.&rft.au=Zaroogian%2C+G%3BGardner%2C+G%3BHorowitz%2C+D+B%3BGutjahr-Gobell%2C+R%3BHaebler%2C+R%3BMills%2C+L&rft.aulast=Zaroogian&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+toxicology+%28Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands%29&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-09-20 N1 - Date created - 2001-07-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S. Chemical Program: Purpose, Challenges, and Evolution AN - 59868211; 200916455 AB - This article explores long-term issues and problems that have seriously undermined the U.S. Chemical Testing Program established by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under the Toxic Substances Control Act. This program is meant to gather information needed to protect human health and the environment from damaging exposure to toxic chemicals. Despite seemingly broad and impressive authority under the statute, there are a number of inherent difficulties, as well as substantial political constraints, that impede comprehensive oversight of chemicals in U.S. commerce. The article discusses several approaches that EPA has adopted to overcome statutory and political limitations and increase chemical testing information. The most recent and promising of these efforts has involved international negotiations to harmonize testing approaches with OECD nations and to cooperate on an agenda that will better share the testing burden on an international level. Adapted from the source document. JF - Politics and the Life Sciences AU - Funke, Odelia AD - 5308 Reno Road NW, Washington, DC 20015, USA funke.odelia@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - September 2001 SP - 175 EP - 187 PB - Beech Tree Publishing, Guildford UK VL - 20 IS - 2 SN - 0730-9384, 0730-9384 KW - Weapons KW - Government Agencies KW - United States of America KW - Health KW - Environmental Protection KW - Pollution KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59868211?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Politics+and+the+Life+Sciences&rft.atitle=U.S.+Chemical+Program%3A+Purpose%2C+Challenges%2C+and+Evolution&rft.au=Funke%2C+Odelia&rft.aulast=Funke&rft.aufirst=Odelia&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Politics+and+the+Life+Sciences&rft.issn=07309384&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - PLISE2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United States of America; Weapons; Environmental Protection; Pollution; Government Agencies; Health ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Overview of EPA's wet-weather flow research program AN - 19423985; 5385391 AB - This paper presents an overview of the US Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) wet-weather flow (WWF) research program. Research priorities for 2001 are presented. In 1996, EPA issued the "Risk Management Research Plan for Wet Weather Flows", a plan that presents specific WWF problems and anticipated research approaches to solve them. Within each area, the state-of-the-art knowledge is presented and the unknowns cited; research questions to address the unknown are also posed. In the time since November 1996, other organizations, notably the Water Environment Research Foundation (WERF), have reviewed WWF research programs and developed associated research needs reports. JF - Urban Water AU - Field, PER AU - Sullivan, PED AD - Wet-Weather Flow Research Program, Urban Watershed Management Branch, Water Supply and Water Resources Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, 2890 Woodbridge Avenue, Edison, NJ 08837, USA, field.richard@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - Sep 2001 SP - 165 EP - 169 VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 1462-0758, 1462-0758 KW - USA KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Organizations KW - Watershed Management KW - Freshwater KW - Administrative Agencies KW - Research programmes KW - Urban runoff KW - Storm Water KW - Research Priorities KW - Stormwater runoff KW - Urban rainfall KW - Planning KW - combined sewer overflows KW - Policies KW - Rainfall runoff KW - Federal programs KW - Publications KW - Environmental protection KW - Water quality control KW - Risk KW - EPA KW - Water management KW - Environment management KW - Research programs KW - National planning KW - Urban environment KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - M2 556.16:Runoff (556.16) KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control KW - Q2 09105:Research programmes and expeditions KW - SW 2010:Control of water on the surface UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19423985?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Urban+Water&rft.atitle=Overview+of+EPA%27s+wet-weather+flow+research+program&rft.au=Field%2C+PER%3BSullivan%2C+PED&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=PER&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Urban+Water&rft.issn=14620758&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water quality control; Urban runoff; Research programmes; Policies; Stormwater runoff; Water management; Environment management; National planning; Rainfall runoff; Urban rainfall; Environmental protection; Urban environment; EPA; combined sewer overflows; Federal programs; Research programs; Administrative Agencies; Risk; Storm Water; Research Priorities; Organizations; Planning; Watershed Management; Publications; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Micellar effect on the photolysis of hydrogen peroxide AN - 18581698; 5285359 AB - Photolysis experiments were performed to quantify the effect of three anionic surfactants on the photolysis of hydrogen peroxide (H sub(2)O sub(2)) at the ambient laboratory temperature of 22 plus or minus 1 degree C. H sub(2)O sub(2) photolysis in water, methanol, and surfactant monomeric solution was also conducted to compare the photochemical reactivity of H sub(2)O sub(2) in different media. Photolysis rates were highest for water, followed by micellar solutions, and lowest for methanol. The results show that the photochemical reactivity of H sub(2)O sub(2) is less favorable in organic solvent than in water and surfactant micelles affect H sub(2)O sub(2) photolysis. Retarded photolysis of H sub(2)O sub(2) in micellar solutions implies that a fraction of H sub(2)O sub(2) dissolved in water partitions into micellar pseudophase of surfactant. H sub(2)O sub(2) partitioned into micelles has less photochemical reactivity and thus photolysis rate was retarded in the presence of micelles. Photolysis inhibitory level by micelles was shown to be dependent on the kinds of surfactants used in this study. In addition, the inhibitory effect by surfactant monomers was negligible due to the absence of micelles. JF - Water Research AU - An, Y-J AU - Jeong, S-W AU - Carraway, E R AD - Research Associateship Programs, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Ada, OK 74820, USA, an.youn-joo@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - Sep 2001 SP - 3276 EP - 3279 VL - 35 IS - 13 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - micelles KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Photochemistry KW - Photolysis KW - Hydrogen Peroxide KW - Hydrogen peroxide KW - Methanol KW - Surfactants KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18581698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research&rft.atitle=Micellar+effect+on+the+photolysis+of+hydrogen+peroxide&rft.au=An%2C+Y-J%3BJeong%2C+S-W%3BCarraway%2C+E+R&rft.aulast=An&rft.aufirst=Y-J&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=3276&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Photochemistry; Photolysis; Hydrogen peroxide; Methanol; Surfactants; Hydrogen Peroxide ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Home Range And Habitat Use Of Suburban Red-shouldered Hawks In Southwestern Ohio AN - 18391220; 5374040 AB - We measured the home ranges and habitat use of 11 Red-shouldered Hawks (Buteo lineatus) during the breeding season and 9 during the nonbreeding season in suburban Ohio, using standard telemetry techniques. Mean home ranges, calculated using the adaptive kernel method (95% isopleth), were 90 ha ; pm 11 SE during the breeding season, 189 ha ; pm 33 SE during the nonbreeding season, and 165 ha ; pm 24 SE for the annual home range. Males and females did not differ significantly in home range size. We examined habitat use by hawks by classifying the habitat where birds were observed perching. Habitat used by hawks differed significantly from that available within home ranges for all birds tested. Most Red-shouldered Hawks used riparian zones and pond edges more than expected, based on availability of such habitats within their home ranges; residential areas and lawns were used less than expected or in proportion to their availability. JF - Wilson Bulletin AU - Dykstra, C R AU - Hays, J L AU - Daniel, F B AU - Simon, M M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Lab., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA, cheryldykstra@juno.com Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - Sep 2001 SP - 308 EP - 316 PB - The Wilson Ornithological Society VL - 113 IS - 3 SN - 0043-5643, 0043-5643 KW - Red-shouldered hawk KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04671:Birds KW - Y 25506:Birds UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18391220?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wilson+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Home+Range+And+Habitat+Use+Of+Suburban+Red-shouldered+Hawks+In+Southwestern+Ohio&rft.au=Dykstra%2C+C+R%3BHays%2C+J+L%3BDaniel%2C+F+B%3BSimon%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=Dykstra&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=308&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wilson+Bulletin&rft.issn=00435643&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0043-5643%282001%29113%280308%3AHRAHUO%292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0043-5643(2001)113(0308:HRAHUO)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of multimetric indices of biotic integrity for riverine and palustrine wetland plant communities along Southern Lake Michigan AN - 18228172; 5296816 AB - Riverine and palustrine wetland plant communities were examined in order to propose a multimetric plant index of biotic integrity. The objectives were to determine the structural and functional attributes of these wetland plant communities, calibrate reference conditions in assessing aquatic plant communities, provide methods for further development and testing of the index, and present a case study. The index is based on a rapid assessment method using the information collected from a species list and cover estimates. Sampling was done using a modified releve sampling approach with a modified Braun-Blanquet Cover Abundance Scale Method for estimating percent cover. More than 20 characteristics of aquatic plant communities were evaluated and 12 metrics in five categories were developed. Structural metrics focused on community composition, key indicator species such as number of Carex and Potamogeton species, and guild type. Functional metrics included sensitivity and tolerance measures; percent emergent, pioneer, and obligate wetland species; and the number of weed species as a substitute metric. Abundance was estimated based on evenness of average cover densities. Individual condition was suggested as a measure of the lowest extremes of biotic integrity. Palustrine study sites ranged across a disturbance gradient from `least-impacted' to `poor'; riverine study sites ranged from high quality to some of the most degraded riverine sites in the Great Lakes region. Ninety-five species of aquatic vascular plants were found in 42 families. The most common families were Cyperaceae (15 species), Polygonaceae (9 species), and Juncaceae (6 species). Fourteen submergent, four floating, two woody and 75 emergent aquatic plant taxa were found. Five species were on the endangered, threatened, or rare list for the State of Indiana. Sites receiving the highest index scores included several of the a priori least-impacted sites while the lowest scores were located near-field to a large industrial landfill. The index will need to be further validated and tested but shows potential as a rapid index of biotic integrity using aquatic plant assemblages. JF - Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management AU - Simon, T P AU - Stewart, P M AU - Rothrock, P E AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Watershed and Nonpoint Source Branch, 77 W Jackson Blvd, Chicago, IL 60604, USA, Thomas_Simon@fws.gov Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - September 2001 SP - 293 EP - 309 VL - 4 IS - 3 SN - 1463-4988, 1463-4988 KW - USA, Michigan, Michigan L. KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Ecosystems KW - Environmental Quality KW - Tracheophyta KW - Biodiversity KW - Check lists KW - Ecological Effects KW - Toxicity tolerance KW - Species Composition KW - Vegetation cover KW - Baseline studies KW - Ecosystem management KW - Wetlands KW - Plant populations KW - Pollution indicators KW - Algae KW - Freshwater pollution KW - Bioindicators KW - Biological Sampling KW - Aquatic plants KW - Biomass KW - Freshwater weeds KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Water quality control KW - Plant Populations KW - Dominant species KW - USA, Michigan L. KW - Community composition KW - Species diversity KW - Analytical techniques KW - Plants KW - Nature conservation KW - Riparian vegetation KW - Population structure KW - Monitoring KW - Indicator species KW - Q1 08382:Ecological techniques and apparatus KW - D 04001:Methodology - general KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18228172?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Ecosystem+Health+%26+Management&rft.atitle=Development+of+multimetric+indices+of+biotic+integrity+for+riverine+and+palustrine+wetland+plant+communities+along+Southern+Lake+Michigan&rft.au=Simon%2C+T+P%3BStewart%2C+P+M%3BRothrock%2C+P+E&rft.aulast=Simon&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Ecosystem+Health+%26+Management&rft.issn=14634988&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Aquatic Ecosystems of Tropical and Temperate Regions: Health and Management. N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution monitoring; Aquatic plants; Check lists; Biodiversity; Biomass; Toxicity tolerance; Ecosystem disturbance; Freshwater weeds; Water quality control; Dominant species; Vegetation cover; Baseline studies; Analytical techniques; Species diversity; Nature conservation; Ecosystem management; Riparian vegetation; Wetlands; Population structure; Plant populations; Pollution indicators; Indicator species; Freshwater pollution; Community composition; Plants; Bioindicators; Plant Populations; Ecosystems; Biological Sampling; Environmental Quality; Monitoring; Ecological Effects; Species Composition; Tracheophyta; Algae; USA, Michigan L. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Foliar nitrogen concentrations and natural abundance of super(15)N suggest nitrogen allocation patterns of Douglas-fir and mycorrhizal fungi during development in elevated carbon dioxide concentration and temperature AN - 18221766; 5279454 AB - Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco (Douglas-fir) seedlings were grown in a 2 x 2 factorial design in enclosed mesocosms at ambient temperature or 3.5 degree C above ambient, and at ambient CO sub(2) concentration ([CO sub(2)]) or 179 ppm above ambient. Two additional mesocosms were maintained as open controls. We measured the extent of mycorrhizal infection, foliar nitrogen (N) concentrations on both a weight basis (%N) and areas basis (N sub(area)), and foliar delta super(15)N signatures ( super(15)N/ super(14)N ratios) from summer 1993 through summer 1997. Mycorrhizal fungi had colonized nearly all root tips across all treatments by spring 1994. Elevated [CO sub(2)] lowered foliar %N but did not affect N sub(area), whereas elevated temperature increased both foliar %N and N sub(area). Foliar delta super(15)N was initially -1ppt and dropped by the final harvest to between -4 and -5ppt in the enclosed mesocosms, probably because of transfer of isotopically depleted N from mycorrhizal fungi. Based on the similarity in foliar delta super(15)N among treatments, we conclude that mycorrhizal fungi had similar N allocation patterns across CO sub(2) and temperature treatments. We combined isotopic and N sub(area) data for 1993-94 to calculate fluxes of N for second- and third-year needles. Yearly N influxes were higher in second-year needles than in third-year needles (about 160 and 50% of initial leaf N, respectively), indicating greater sink strength in the younger needles. Influxes of N in second-year needles increased in response to elevated temperature, suggesting increased N supply from soil relative to plant N demands. In the elevated temperature treatments, N effluxes from third-year needles were higher in seedlings in elevated [CO sub(2)] than in ambient [CO sub(2)], probably because of increased N allocation below ground. We conclude that N allocation patterns shifted in response to the elevated temperature and [CO sub(2)] treatments in the seedlings but not in their fungal symbionts. JF - Tree Physiology AU - Hobbie, E A AU - Olszyk, D M AU - Rygiewicz, P T AU - Tingey, D T AU - Johnson, M G AD - National Research Council, US Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - Sep 2001 SP - 1113 EP - 1122 VL - 21 IS - 15 SN - 0829-318X, 0829-318X KW - Douglas-fir KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Mycorrhizas KW - Temperature effects KW - Climatic changes KW - Resource allocation KW - Pseudotsuga menziesii KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Nutrient concentrations KW - Nitrogen KW - D 04635:Conifers UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18221766?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tree+Physiology&rft.atitle=Foliar+nitrogen+concentrations+and+natural+abundance+of+super%2815%29N+suggest+nitrogen+allocation+patterns+of+Douglas-fir+and+mycorrhizal+fungi+during+development+in+elevated+carbon+dioxide+concentration+and+temperature&rft.au=Hobbie%2C+E+A%3BOlszyk%2C+D+M%3BRygiewicz%2C+P+T%3BTingey%2C+D+T%3BJohnson%2C+M+G&rft.aulast=Hobbie&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=1113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Tree+Physiology&rft.issn=0829318X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pseudotsuga menziesii; Resource allocation; Nutrient concentrations; Carbon dioxide; Temperature effects; Climatic changes; Nitrogen; Mycorrhizas ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative assessment of coral diseases in the Florida Keys: strategy and methodology AN - 18221620; 5291965 AB - Natural incidences of disease among scleractinian corals are unknown, since most studies have been initiated in response to specific disease outbreaks. Our ability to distinguish elevated disease incidences influenced by anthropogenic and climatic factors is limited since current estimates are probably inflated for extrapolation to larger areas. In our study, we used quantitative assessment methods to characterize the distribution and frequency of scleractinian and gorgonian coral diseases in the south Florida region. This paper is the first in a series that will detail different aspects of our studies. In this paper, we examined the strategy and methodology developed over 2 years to optimize the experimental design of our study. Pilot surveys were conducted in 1997 to develop and test methods, select and determine suitability of sites, and obtain preliminary data to assess the variance and efficiency of the sampling design. Survey periods targeted late spring, the time when coral diseases are believed to emerge, and late summer, the time when coral diseases are believed to be most prevalent. Two strata were chosen to evaluate patterns of coral disease: the first, geographic area, consisted of reefs in the vicinity of Key West, New Grounds and the Dry Tortugas; and the second, reef type, consisted of back, fore and transitional reefs. Random radial arc transects (10 m diameter) were used to quantify 10 diseases affecting 18 species of stony corals and gorgonian sea fans over a large geographical region. During the pilot survey, we demonstrated that the outer 8-10 m segment (113 m super(2)) was an adequate sampling area. The survey implemented important quality assurance measures for data quality control. Power analysis determined that future studies should adopt alpha =0.10, beta =0.0383, and 1- beta =0.9617 in our experimental design. The highest prevalence of disease in our study was during the 1997 summer survey, with a mean percent coral disease (MPCD) of 28% occurring at Key West area reefs, or 55% of all back reef stations. Our results do not show a clear pattern of seasonality in coral diseases within either stratum, although differences in disease distribution between reef types and geographic areas were apparent in some of the spring and summer surveys. JF - Hydrobiologia AU - Santavy, D AU - Mueller, E AU - Peters, E AU - MacLaughlin, L AU - Porter, J AU - Patterson, K AU - Campbell, J AD - US EPA, Gulf Ecology Div., 1 Sabine Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, U.S.A., santavy.debbie@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - Sep 2001 SP - 39 EP - 52 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 460 IS - 1-3 SN - 0018-8158, 0018-8158 KW - Gorgonians KW - Sea fans KW - Sea feathers KW - Stony corals KW - coral diseases KW - spring KW - summer KW - Oceanic Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts KW - Reefs KW - Fringing reefs KW - USA, Florida KW - Statistical analysis KW - Summer KW - Spring KW - Barrier reefs KW - Coral KW - ASW, USA, Florida, Florida Keys KW - Corals KW - Geographical variations KW - Sampling KW - Diseases KW - ASW, USA, Florida, New Grounds KW - Measuring techniques KW - USA, Florida Keys KW - Surveys KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Methodology KW - Scleractinia KW - ASW, USA, Florida, Dry Tortugas KW - Quality control KW - Coral reefs KW - Outbreaks KW - Biological sampling KW - Gorgonacea KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 08462:Benthos KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - D 04001:Methodology - general KW - D 04655:Invertebrates - general KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - K 03088:Fungi: animal KW - Q1 08241:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18221620?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrobiologia&rft.atitle=Quantitative+assessment+of+coral+diseases+in+the+Florida+Keys%3A+strategy+and+methodology&rft.au=Santavy%2C+D%3BMueller%2C+E%3BPeters%2C+E%3BMacLaughlin%2C+L%3BPorter%2C+J%3BPatterson%2C+K%3BCampbell%2C+J&rft.aulast=Santavy&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=460&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrobiologia&rft.issn=00188158&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fringing reefs; Coral reefs; Statistical analysis; Coral; Diseases; Biological sampling; Ecosystem disturbance; Barrier reefs; Reefs; Measuring techniques; Surveys; Spring; Summer; Methodology; Quality control; Corals; Sampling; Geographical variations; Outbreaks; Scleractinia; Gorgonacea; ASW, USA, Florida, Dry Tortugas; USA, Florida; USA, Florida Keys; ASW, USA, Florida, Florida Keys; ASW, USA, Florida, New Grounds ER - TY - CONF T1 - Choice of indicator determines the significance and risk obtained from the statistical association between fine particulate matter mass and cardiovascular mortality AN - 18211521; 5282832 JF - Journal of Aerosol Science AU - Wilson, W E AU - Mar, T AU - Kegler, S Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - Sep 2001 SP - S1081 EP - S1082 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., P.O. Box 800 The Boulevard, Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK VL - 32 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Particle size KW - Mortality KW - Cardiovascular system KW - Pollution effects KW - Air pollution KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18211521?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Aerosol+Science&rft.atitle=Choice+of+indicator+determines+the+significance+and+risk+obtained+from+the+statistical+association+between+fine+particulate+matter+mass+and+cardiovascular+mortality&rft.au=Wilson%2C+W+E%3BMar%2C+T%3BKegler%2C+S&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=&rft.spage=S1081&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Aerosol+Science&rft.issn=00218502&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Endomycorrhizal colonization of Dasiphora floribunda, a native plant species of calcareous wetlands in eastern New York State, USA AN - 18183670; 5221532 AB - The extent of endomycorrhizal colonization of Dasiphora floribunda was measured in 8 calcareous wetlands in eastern New York State, USA. Environmental parameters (pH, conductivity, water-table depth, soil moisture, soil organic matter, soil NH sub(4) super(+), soil available P, and porewater DIP) varied among wetlands. Soil available P was relatively low and ranged from 2.52 to 15.74 mg-P gdw super(-1) in all 8 wetlands. Contrary to expectation, the extent of endomycorrhizal colonization of D. floribunda did not vary among calcareous wetlands of different soil phosphorus or moisture status. Mycorrhizal colonization of D. floribunda ranged from 66.7 to 91.7%, with an average of 78.1 plus or minus 7.7%. Although environmental parameters were only measured once, these results suggest that soil available P and soil moisture, used to predict variation of endomycorrhizal colonization of other wetland plants, are not useful for predicting the extent of endomycorrhizal colonization of D. floribunda. We propose that calcareous wetlands in eastern New York are an endpoint on a continuum of wetland types where P availability is so low that variation of P status among calcareous wetlands is not ecologically significant in the regulation of endomycorrhizal colonization. JF - Wetlands AU - Van Hoewyk, D AU - Wigand, C AU - Groffman, P M AD - EPA- NHEERL, 27 Tarzwell Dr., Narragansett, RI 02882, USA, wigand.cathleen@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - Sep 2001 SP - 431 EP - 436 VL - 21 IS - 3 SN - 0277-5212, 0277-5212 KW - Colonization KW - Mycorrhizas KW - USA, New York KW - aquatic plants KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Environmental Effects KW - Pore water KW - Phosphorus KW - Water table KW - Roots KW - Soil Water KW - Freshwater KW - Environmental factors KW - Dasiphora floribunda KW - Organic Matter KW - Wetlands KW - Conductivity KW - Organic matter KW - Fungi KW - Hydrogen Ion Concentration KW - Interstitial Water KW - Water Table KW - Plant Populations KW - Calcareous Soils KW - Endomycorrhizas KW - Uptake KW - Nutrients (mineral) KW - A 01047:General KW - D 04640:Other angiosperms KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - Q1 08226:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - SW 0810:General KW - K 03096:Mycorrhiza UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18183670?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wetlands&rft.atitle=Endomycorrhizal+colonization+of+Dasiphora+floribunda%2C+a+native+plant+species+of+calcareous+wetlands+in+eastern+New+York+State%2C+USA&rft.au=Van+Hoewyk%2C+D%3BWigand%2C+C%3BGroffman%2C+P+M&rft.aulast=Van+Hoewyk&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=431&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wetlands&rft.issn=02775212&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Colonization; Pore water; Fungi; Organic matter; Phosphorus; Roots; Uptake; Water table; Wetlands; Nutrients (mineral); Mycorrhizas; Endomycorrhizas; Environmental factors; Environmental Effects; Plant Populations; Organic Matter; Conductivity; Calcareous Soils; Hydrogen Ion Concentration; Interstitial Water; Soil Water; Water Table; Dasiphora floribunda; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute and delayed thermoregulatory response of mice exposed to brevetoxin AN - 18180729; 5202589 AB - Thermal dysthesia, characterized by a painful sensation of warm and cool surfaces, is one of many ailments in humans exposed to various marine algal toxins such as brevetoxin (PbTx). Brevetoxins are cyclic polyether compounds produced by the red tide dinoflagellate Gymnodinium breve. There is no animal model to study thermal dysthesia and little is known of the mechanism of action. There is also little known on the acute and delayed thermoregulatory effects of PbTx. In this study, we developed a behavioral system to assess the possible development of thermal dysthesia in mice exposed to PbTx. Female mice were implanted with radiotransmitters to monitor core temperature (T sub(c)) and motor activity (MA). In one experiment, mice were dosed with the control vehicle or 180 mu g/kg PbTx and placed on a floor temperature gradient to measure the selected foot temperature (SFT) while air temperature was kept constant. PbTx-treated mice underwent a 10 degree C reduction in SFT concomitant with a 3 degree C reduction in T sub(c) within 30 min after exposure. In another study, T sub(c) and MA were monitored in mice maintained in their home cages after dosing with 180 mu g/kg PbTx. T sub(c) but not MA increased for 2-5 days after exposure. SFT was unaffected by PbTx when tested 1-12 days after exposure. However, PbTx-treated mice underwent an increase in T sub(c) when placed in the temperature gradient for up to 12 days after exposure. This suggests that PbTx augments the stress-induced hyperthermia from being placed in a novel environment. Overall, acute PbTx exposure leads to a regulated reduction in T sub(c) as characterized by a preference for cooler SFTs and a reduced T sub(c). Thermal dysthesia was not apparent, but the exaggerated hyperthermic response with a normal SFT in the temperature gradient may suggest an altered processing of thermal stimuli in mice treated with PbTx. JF - Toxicon AU - Gordon, C J AU - Kimm-Brinson, K L AU - Padnos, B AU - Ramsdell, J S AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Enviromnental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, gordon.christopher@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - Sep 2001 SP - 1367 EP - 1374 VL - 39 IS - 9 SN - 0041-0101, 0041-0101 KW - brevetoxins KW - brevitoxin KW - mice KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Algal blooms KW - Symptoms KW - Gymnodinium breve KW - Red tides KW - Pathology KW - Thermoregulation KW - Biological poisons KW - Toxicity KW - Toxins KW - Dinoflagellates KW - Algae KW - X 24172:Plants KW - Q1 08226:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - O 1010:Viruses, Bacteria, Protists, Fungi and Plants KW - K 03039:Algae KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18180729?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicon&rft.atitle=Acute+and+delayed+thermoregulatory+response+of+mice+exposed+to+brevetoxin&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J%3BKimm-Brinson%2C+K+L%3BPadnos%2C+B%3BRamsdell%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicon&rft.issn=00410101&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Symptoms; Algal blooms; Pathology; Red tides; Biological poisons; Thermoregulation; Toxicity; Dinoflagellates; Toxins; Algae; Gymnodinium breve; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of handling on endocrinology and reproductive performance of the fathead minnow AN - 18176790; 5201062 AB - Anaesthesia with MS-222 followed by intra-peritoneal (ip) injection (with a 10% ethanol in corn oil carrier) of fathead minnow either as one or three (weekly) treatments did not affect survival, behaviour or secondary sexual characteristics of the fish. Fecundity of the fish, as indicated by fertility and hatching success, was also unaffected. Gonadal condition (relative gonad mass, histopathology) was not altered in either sex. Male and female plasma sex steroids ( beta -oestradiol, testosterone, 11-ketotestosterone) and male vitellogenin concentrations were not significantly affected by the treatments. Females subjected to either ip treatment regime had significantly higher plasma vitellogenin concentrations than control females. However, based on previous data, this difference did not appear to be treatment-related. Overall, exposure of fathead minnows to chemicals via the ip route should not confound the interpretation of toxicity tests with potential endocrine disrupting chemicals. JF - Journal of Fish Biology AU - Kahl, MD AU - Jensen, K M AU - Korte, J J AU - Ankley, G T AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 6201 Congdon Boulevard, Duluth, MN, 55804, U.S.A., ankley.gerald@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - Sep 2001 SP - 515 EP - 523 PB - Academic Press VL - 59 IS - 3 SN - 0022-1112, 0022-1112 KW - Fathead minnow KW - fathead minnows KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Animal Behavior Abstracts KW - Fish handling KW - Anaesthetics KW - Bait culture KW - Behaviour KW - Survival KW - Secondary sexual characters KW - Reproductive behavior KW - Toxicity KW - Fish Physiology KW - Sexual Reproduction KW - Methodology KW - Pimephales promelas KW - Fecundity KW - Animal Behavior KW - SW 0810:General KW - Y 25865:Fish KW - Q3 08582:Fish culture KW - Q1 08582:Fish culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18176790?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Fish+Biology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+handling+on+endocrinology+and+reproductive+performance+of+the+fathead+minnow&rft.au=Kahl%2C+MD%3BJensen%2C+K+M%3BKorte%2C+J+J%3BAnkley%2C+G+T&rft.aulast=Kahl&rft.aufirst=MD&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=515&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Fish+Biology&rft.issn=00221112&rft_id=info:doi/10.1006%2Fjfbi.2001.1658 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fecundity; Fish handling; Anaesthetics; Bait culture; Behaviour; Secondary sexual characters; Survival; Reproductive behavior; Methodology; Animal Behavior; Toxicity; Sexual Reproduction; Fish Physiology; Pimephales promelas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jfbi.2001.1658 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Influence of Human Activity Patterns on Personal PM Exposure: A Comparative Analysis of Filter-Based and Continuous Particle Measurements AN - 18138757; 5241892 AB - Particulate matter (PM) exposure data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)-sponsored 1998 Baltimore and 1999 Fresno PM exposure studies were analyzed to identify important microenvironments and activities that may lead to increased particle exposure for select elderly (>65 years old) subjects. Integrated 24-hr filter-based PM sub(2.5) or PM sub(10) mass measurements [using Personal Environmental Monitors(PEMs)] included personal measurements, indoor and outdoor residential measurements, and measurements at a central indoor site and a community monitoring site. A subset of the participants in each study wore passive nephelometers that continuously measured (1-min averaging time) particles ranging in size from 0.1 to similar to 10 mu m. Significant activities and locations were identified by a statistical mixed model (p < 0.01) for each study population based on the measured PM sub(2.5) or PM sub(10) mass and time activity data. Elevated PM concentrations were associated with traveling (car or bus), commercial locations (store, office, mall, etc.), restaurants, and working. The modeled results were compared to continuous PM concentrations determined by the nephelometers while participants were in these locations. Overall, the nephelometer data agreed within 6% of the modeled PM sub(2.5) results for the Baltimore participants and within similar to 20% for the Fresno participants (variability was due to zero drift associated with the nephelometer). The nephelometer did not agree as well with the PM sub(10) mass measurements, most likely because the nephelometer optimally responds to fine particles (0.3-2 mu m). Approximately one-half (54 plus or minus 31%; mean plus or minus standard deviation from both studies) of the average daily PM sub(2.5) exposure occurred inside residences, where the participants spent an average of 83 plus or minus 10% of their time. These data also showed that a significant portion of PM sub(2.5) exposure occurred in locations where participants spent only 4-13% of their time. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Rea, A W AU - Zufall, MJ AU - Williams, R W AU - Sheldon, L AU - Howard-Reed, C AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - Sep 2001 SP - 1271 EP - 1279 VL - 51 IS - 9 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - elderly KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Environmental health KW - Particulates KW - Air pollution KW - Human factors KW - H 3000:Environment and Ecology KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18138757?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=The+Influence+of+Human+Activity+Patterns+on+Personal+PM+Exposure%3A+A+Comparative+Analysis+of+Filter-Based+and+Continuous+Particle+Measurements&rft.au=Rea%2C+A+W%3BZufall%2C+MJ%3BWilliams%2C+R+W%3BSheldon%2C+L%3BHoward-Reed%2C+C&rft.aulast=Rea&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Particulates; Air pollution; Environmental health; Human factors; Pollution monitoring ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Land Cover Assessment of Indigenous Communities in the BOSAWAS Region of Nicaragua AN - 18098620; 5180378 JF - Human Ecology AU - Smith, J H AD - Landscape Characterization Branch (MD-56), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA, smith.jonathanh@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - Sep 2001 SP - 339 EP - 347 VL - 29 IS - 3 SN - 0300-7839, 0300-7839 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Land classification KW - Human settlements KW - Nicaragua KW - D 04690:Human ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18098620?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+Ecology&rft.atitle=Land+Cover+Assessment+of+Indigenous+Communities+in+the+BOSAWAS+Region+of+Nicaragua&rft.au=Smith%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+Ecology&rft.issn=03007839&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nicaragua; Human settlements; Land classification ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - MTBE in Delaware: Impacts to water supplies, development of risk-based goals, and application of Delaware standards AN - 39427575; 3616447 AU - Ellis, P Y1 - 2001/08/24/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Aug 24 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39427575?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=MTBE+in+Delaware%3A+Impacts+to+water+supplies%2C+development+of+risk-based+goals%2C+and+application+of+Delaware+standards&rft.au=Ellis%2C+P&rft.aulast=Ellis&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-08-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The National Ground Water Association, 601 Dempsey Road, Westerville, OH 43081, USA; phone: 614-898-7791; fax: 614-898-7786; URL: www.ngwa.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - EPA's vision - The next steps AN - 39407007; 3618383 AU - Parry, R Y1 - 2001/08/24/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Aug 24 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39407007?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=EPA%27s+vision+-+The+next+steps&rft.au=Parry%2C+R&rft.aulast=Parry&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-08-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Society for Animal Science, 1111 N. Dunlap Ave., Savoy, IL 61874, USA; phone: 217-356-3182; fax: 217-398-4119; URL: www.asas.org. Paper No. 10 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Federal environmental policy directions for animal agriculture AN - 39394256; 3618782 AU - Jonker, J S Y1 - 2001/08/24/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Aug 24 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39394256?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Federal+environmental+policy+directions+for+animal+agriculture&rft.au=Jonker%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Jonker&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-08-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Society for Animal Science, 1111 N. Dunlap Ave., Savoy, IL 61874, USA; phone: 217-356-3182; fax: 217-398-4119; URL: www.asas.org. Paper No. 398 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inflammatory lung injury after bronchial instillation of air pollution particles. AN - 71119556; 11520740 AB - Epidemiologic investigation has established an association between exposure to particulate matter (PM) and human health in the Utah Valley. Reduction of particle mass during the temporary closure of a local steel mill was associated with diminished morbidity and mortality. We tested the hypothesis that the biologic effect of PM would reflect findings of epidemiology with a greater injury after exposure to an equal mass of particles from those years in which the mill was in operation. Filters containing PM were collected prior to closure of the steel mill, during the closure, and after its reopening. Aqueous extracts of the filters were prepared. One of three extracts (500 microg) was instilled through the bronchoscope into the lungs of nonsmoking volunteers. Twenty-four hours later, the same subsegment was lavaged. Exposure to aqueous extracts of PM collected before closure and after reopening of the steel mill provoked a greater inflammatory response relative to PM extract acquired during the plant shutdown. This is the first demonstration that pulmonary effects after experimental exposure of humans to PM can correlate with health outcomes observed in epidemiologic studies of the same material under normal exposure conditions. Findings suggest that mass may not be the most appropriate metric to use in assessing health effects after PM exposure but rather specific components must be identified and assessed. JF - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine AU - Ghio, A J AU - Devlin, R B AD - Clinical Research Branch, Human Studies Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27599-7315, USA. ghio.andy@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/08/15/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Aug 15 SP - 704 EP - 708 VL - 164 IS - 4 SN - 1073-449X, 1073-449X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Interleukin-8 KW - Proteins KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Severity of Illness Index KW - Interleukin-8 -- analysis KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Neutrophils -- immunology KW - Humans KW - Utah -- epidemiology KW - Models, Biological KW - Morbidity KW - Leukocyte Count KW - Inflammation KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- immunology KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Bronchoscopy KW - Adult KW - Proteins -- analysis KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- cytology KW - Oxidative Stress -- immunology KW - Metallurgy KW - Male KW - Female KW - Lung Diseases -- classification KW - Lung Diseases -- etiology KW - Lung Diseases -- pathology KW - Lung Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Lung Diseases -- immunology KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71119556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.atitle=Inflammatory+lung+injury+after+bronchial+instillation+of+air+pollution+particles.&rft.au=Ghio%2C+A+J%3BDevlin%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Ghio&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-08-15&rft.volume=164&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=704&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.issn=1073449X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-10-11 N1 - Date created - 2001-08-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001 Aug 15;164(4):515-6 [11520708] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Responses of oyster Crassostrea virginica hemocytes to environmental and clinical isolates of Vibrio parahaemolyticus AN - 18220256; 5285911 AB - Ingestion of bacteria by oysters Crassostrea virginica and bactericidal activity of oyster hemocytes were studied using 4 environmental isolates (shellfish) and 3 clinical isolates (fecal) of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Clinical isolates (2030, 2062, 2107) were obtained from the feces of patients with gastroenteritis who became ill during the 1998 food poisoning outbreak traced to consumption of raw oysters from Galveston Bay, Texas. This outbreak was the first reported occurrence in the United States of the virulent serotype O3:K6. Environmental isolates were from oysters (1094, 1100), crab (1163) and sardines (ATCC 17802). All isolates possessed the thermolabile direct hemolysin (tlh) gene, whereas only the clinical isolates possessed the thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) gene, a virulence determinant. On average, environmental isolates were more susceptible than clinical isolates to killing by oyster hemocytes, as determined by an in vitro dye reduction assay. Isolate 2062 was the most susceptible of the clinical isolates; it lacked identifiable capsular material present in the other clinical isolates and displayed the most diffuse colony morphology on nutrient agar plates. When oysters were exposed in vivo to mixtures of a clinical (2030) and an environmental (1163) isolate, more clinical than environmental isolates were found in the tissues and hemolymph. JF - Aquatic Microbial Ecology AU - Volety, A K AU - McCarthy, SA AU - Tall, B D AU - Curtis, S K AU - Fisher, W S AU - Genthner, F J AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Gulf Ecology Division, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561, USA, genthner.fred@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/08/10/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Aug 10 SP - 11 EP - 20 VL - 25 IS - 1 SN - 0948-3055, 0948-3055 KW - Eastern oyster KW - hemolysin KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Bacteria KW - Bacterial diseases KW - Disease resistance KW - Coastal waters KW - Haematology KW - Virulence KW - Fish diseases KW - Vibrio parahaemolyticus KW - Hemocytes KW - Marine organisms KW - Marine molluscs KW - Crassostrea virginica KW - USA, Texas KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - D 04658:Molluscs KW - J 02870:Invertebrate bacteriology KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - D 04620:Microorganisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18220256?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Microbial+Ecology&rft.atitle=Responses+of+oyster+Crassostrea+virginica+hemocytes+to+environmental+and+clinical+isolates+of+Vibrio+parahaemolyticus&rft.au=Volety%2C+A+K%3BMcCarthy%2C+SA%3BTall%2C+B+D%3BCurtis%2C+S+K%3BFisher%2C+W+S%3BGenthner%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Volety&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-08-10&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Microbial+Ecology&rft.issn=09483055&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fish diseases; Bacterial diseases; Marine molluscs; Haematology; Virulence; Bacteria; Hemocytes; Marine organisms; Disease resistance; Coastal waters; Vibrio parahaemolyticus; Crassostrea virginica; USA, Texas ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atmospheric volatile organic compound measurements during the 1996 Paso del Norte Ozone Study AN - 18190519; 5212638 AB - Ambient air VOC samples were collected at surface air quality monitoring sites, near sources of interest, and aloft on the US (El Paso) and Mexican (Ciudad Juarez) side of the border during a six-week period of the 1996 Paso del Norte Ozone Study. Samples were collected at five sites, three on the US side and two on the Mexican side, during nine intensive operation days when high ozone levels were forecast for the area. Six other sites were sampled to characterize up-wind, down-wind and other emission sources. Samples for determining source profiles were collected for rush hour traffic, propane-powered bus exhaust, automobile paint shop emissions, propane fuels, and industrial manufacturing in Cd. Juarez and a refinery in El Paso. Most samples were collected in electro-polished stainless steel canisters for determination of C sub(2) to C sub(10+). hydrocarbons by GC-FID. Carbonyl samples were collected on DNPH impregnated cartridges at three surface sites during aircraft flights and analyzed by HPLC. This paper presents the spatial and temporal characteristics of VOC species concentrations and compositions to examine the differences and similarities of the various locations and time periods. Overall surface, total non-methane hydrocarbon values ranged from 0.1 to 3.4 ppmC with the highest concentrations being recorded in the morning and evening at five vehicle-dominated sites, three in Cd. Juarez and two in El Paso. Toluene in El Paso samples and propane, which is used as a cooking and transportation fuel in Cd. Juarez, were the most abundant hydrocarbons. The most abundant carbonyls were acetaldehyde, acetone and formaldehyde. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Seila, R L AU - Main, H H AU - Arriaga, J L AU - Martinez, G V AU - Ramadan, AB AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Mail Drop 84, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, Seila.Robert@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/08/10/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Aug 10 SP - 153 EP - 169 VL - 276 IS - 1-3 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Paso del Norte Ozone Study KW - 1996 Paso del Norte Ozone Study KW - carbonyl compounds KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Air quality measurements KW - Atmospheric pollution measurements KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Fuels KW - Mexico, Juarez KW - Volatile organic compound emission by motor vehicles KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Mexico, Chihuahua, Ciudad Juarez KW - USA, Texas, El Paso KW - Industrial emissions KW - Research programs KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - Exhaust emissions KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18190519?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Atmospheric+volatile+organic+compound+measurements+during+the+1996+Paso+del+Norte+Ozone+Study&rft.au=Seila%2C+R+L%3BMain%2C+H+H%3BArriaga%2C+J+L%3BMartinez%2C+G+V%3BRamadan%2C+AB&rft.aulast=Seila&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-08-10&rft.volume=276&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: U.S.-Mexico Transboundary Air Pollution Studies. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Texas, El Paso; Mexico, Chihuahua, Ciudad Juarez; Mexico, Juarez; Volatile organic compounds; Atmospheric chemistry; Air quality measurements; Research programs; Hydrocarbons; Exhaust emissions; Fuels; Industrial emissions; Volatile organic compound emission by motor vehicles; Atmospheric pollution measurements ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preliminary assessments of spatial influences in the Ambos Nogales region of the US-Mexican border AN - 18190476; 5212634 AB - Ambient air measurements collected from 1994 to 1995 were used in a preliminary assessment of potential source and spatial influences in the Ambos Nogales border region (Nogales, Arizona, USA and Nogales, Sonora, Mexico). In this assessment, volatile organic compounds (VOC) and particulate matter (PM) species were used from four sites, two on either side of the border. An examination of median levels and principal component analysis indicated the dominance of soil dusts and mobile sources. Pairwise comparisons of sites for VOCs associated with mobile sources revealed statistically significant differences between sites in the central Nogales area vs. the two sites furthest from the border. Particulate lead at Mexican sites was higher and significantly different vs. US sites. Although further analyses are necessary, findings suggest that local and immediate mobile/other anthropogenic and soil dust influences are present throughout Nogales, with particulate lead from leaded motor vehicle exhaust or soldering operations being a possible influence on the Mexican side. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Smith, LA AU - Mukerjee, S AU - Monroy, G J AU - Keene, F E AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, MD-47, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, mukerjee.shaibal@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/08/10/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Aug 10 SP - 83 EP - 92 VL - 276 IS - 1-3 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Atmospheric pollution sources KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - Atmospheric pollution monitoring KW - Heavy metals KW - Volatile organic compounds in atmosphere KW - Particulates KW - Atmospheric pollution distribution KW - Lead KW - Dust KW - Soil KW - Particulate matter in atmosphere KW - Trans-boundary pollution KW - Mexico, Sonora KW - Chemical speciation KW - Principal component analysis KW - Air pollution KW - USA KW - Mexico KW - Atmospheric pollution concentrations KW - USA, Arizona KW - Atmospheric pollution transport KW - Automotive exhaust emissions KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - M2 551.511.1:Statistics and quasi-statistics (551.511.1) KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18190476?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Preliminary+assessments+of+spatial+influences+in+the+Ambos+Nogales+region+of+the+US-Mexican+border&rft.au=Smith%2C+LA%3BMukerjee%2C+S%3BMonroy%2C+G+J%3BKeene%2C+F+E&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=2001-08-10&rft.volume=276&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: U.S.-Mexico Transboundary Air Pollution Studies. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Arizona; Mexico, Sonora; USA; Mexico; Trans-boundary pollution; Soil; Dust; Air pollution; Volatile organic compounds; Particulates; Chemical speciation; Lead; Automotive exhaust emissions; Heavy metals; Atmospheric pollution distribution; Atmospheric pollution sources; Atmospheric pollution monitoring; Atmospheric pollution transport; Atmospheric pollution models; Atmospheric pollution concentrations; Volatile organic compounds in atmosphere; Particulate matter in atmosphere; Principal component analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Selected air quality trends and recent air pollution investigations in the US-Mexico border region AN - 18188682; 5212629 AB - The 3141-km border separating the United States (US) from Mexico extends from the Pacific Ocean in the west to the Gulf of Mexico in the east and adjoins portions of four US states (Arizona, California, New Mexico and Texas) and six Mexican states (Baja California, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, Sonora and Tamaulipas). The 1983 Agreement for the Protection and Improvement of the Environment in the Border Area, commonly referred to as the La Paz Agreement, defined the US-Mexico border region as the area within 100 km on either side of the international boundary and has been used as a starting point for all subsequent binational environmental efforts for this area. The La Paz Agreement and the US-Mexico Border XXI Program are binational initiatives that address these environmental challenges. In order to understand these initiatives, a background of some of the environmental challenges facing the border region is necessary. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Mukerjee, S AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, MD-47, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, mukerjee.shaibal@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/08/10/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Aug 10 SP - 1 EP - 18 VL - 276 IS - 1-3 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Mexico, Baja California KW - USA, New Mexico KW - Atmospheric pollution control KW - Environmental assessment KW - Mexico, Tamaulipas KW - Mexico, Nuevo Leon KW - Air pollution control KW - Long-range transport of atmospheric pollution KW - International agreements KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - Air pollution KW - USA KW - Mexico KW - Marine pollution KW - Mexico, Sonora KW - Trans-boundary pollution KW - USA, Arizona KW - Mexico, Chihuahua KW - USA, Texas KW - USA, California KW - International boundaries KW - Mexico, Coahuila KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18188682?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Selected+air+quality+trends+and+recent+air+pollution+investigations+in+the+US-Mexico+border+region&rft.au=Mukerjee%2C+S&rft.aulast=Mukerjee&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-08-10&rft.volume=276&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: U.S.-Mexico Transboundary Air Pollution Studies. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Marine pollution; Environmental assessment; International boundaries; International agreements; Atmospheric pollution control; Long-range transport of atmospheric pollution; Trans-boundary pollution; Air pollution control; Mexico, Baja California; USA, New Mexico; Mexico, Nuevo Leon; Mexico, Tamaulipas; ASW, Mexico Gulf; USA; Mexico; Mexico, Sonora; USA, Arizona; Mexico, Chihuahua; USA, California; USA, Texas; Mexico, Coahuila ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Techniques to assess cross-border air pollution and application to a US-Mexico border region AN - 18185888; 5212641 AB - A year-long assessment of cross-border air pollution was conducted in the eastmost section of the US-Mexico border region, known as the Lower Rio Grande Valley, in South Texas. Measurements were conducted on the US side and included fine particle mass (PM sub(2.5)) and elemental composition, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and meteorology. Wind sector analyses of chemical tracers and diagnostic ratios, in addition to principal component analysis (PCA), were initially applied to assess cross-border and overall air shed influences. Linear-angular correlation statistics and nonparametric multiple comparisons between wind sectors were computed with the particle element data using principal component scores from PCA to determine the direction of source classes. Findings suggest crustal particles and salts carried or stirred by sea breeze winds from a southerly and southeasterly direction from the Gulf of Mexico heavily influenced the elemental composition of the particulate samples. Pair-wise comparisons of wind directions for the principal component scores suggest possible oil combustion influences from utilities or boilers coming from the south and possible coal combustion influences from the north and northwest. The techniques discussed can provide a methodology to assess future ambient levels and cross-border influences in the Valley as conditions change. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Mukerjee, S AU - Shadwick, D S AU - Smith, LA AU - Somerville, M C AU - Dean, KE AU - Bowser, J J AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, MD-47, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, mukerjee.shaibal@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/08/10/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Aug 10 SP - 205 EP - 224 VL - 276 IS - 1-3 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Atmospheric particulates KW - Particle motion KW - Combustion KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - Air pollution KW - ASW, USA, Texas KW - Sea breezes KW - Tracers KW - Mexico KW - ASW, Mexico KW - Trans-boundary pollution KW - Volatile compounds KW - Meteorology KW - Oil pollution KW - USA, Texas KW - Atmospheric pollution transport KW - Organic compounds KW - Atmospheric pollution measurement techniques KW - International boundaries KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - Wind KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18185888?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Techniques+to+assess+cross-border+air+pollution+and+application+to+a+US-Mexico+border+region&rft.au=Mukerjee%2C+S%3BShadwick%2C+D+S%3BSmith%2C+LA%3BSomerville%2C+M+C%3BDean%2C+KE%3BBowser%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Mukerjee&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-08-10&rft.volume=276&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: U.S.-Mexico Transboundary Air Pollution Studies. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Atmospheric particulates; Tracers; Sea breezes; Particle motion; Volatile compounds; Oil pollution; Organic compounds; International boundaries; Atmospheric pollution transport; Atmospheric pollution measurement techniques; Trans-boundary pollution; Meteorology; Wind; Volatile organic compounds; Combustion; ASW, Mexico Gulf; ASW, USA, Texas; Mexico; ASW, Mexico; USA, Texas ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S. Sulfur Dioxide Emissions Trading Program: Results and Further Applications AN - 755134833; 13634178 AB - The use of emissions trading (cap and trade) is gaining worldwide recognition as an extremely effective policy tool. More than 4 million tons of SO sub(2) have been reduced annually from sources participating in the US SO sub(2) emissions trading program. Ambient SO sub(2) levels and sulfate deposition have decreased by over 25 percent in the most sensitive ecosystems. By harnessing market forces, the program has led to significant cost savings. This paper discusses the results of the US SO sub(2) emissions trading program and emerging efforts in the US and around the world to use emissions trading. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Benkovic, Stephanie Rose AU - Kruger, Joseph AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW (6202N), Washington, DC, 20460, USA, benkovic.stephanie@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 241 EP - 246 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 130 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Sulfates KW - USA KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Emissions trading KW - Ecosystems KW - Soil contamination KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/755134833?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=U.S.+Sulfur+Dioxide+Emissions+Trading+Program%3A+Results+and+Further+Applications&rft.au=Benkovic%2C+Stephanie+Rose%3BKruger%2C+Joseph&rft.aulast=Benkovic&rft.aufirst=Stephanie&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=130&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1013815319308 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sulfates; Sulfur dioxide; Ecosystems; Emissions trading; Soil contamination; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1013815319308 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Air pollutant-enhanced respiratory disease in experimental animals. AN - 71160664; 11544174 AB - Studies in animals have shown that a wide range of airborne particulates including cigarette smoke, acid aerosols, metals, organic compounds, and combustion products can interfere with the normal defense processes of the lung to enhance susceptibility to respiratory infection or exacerbate allergic diseases. Such detrimental effects are less easy to quantify in humans because of the difficulties in obtaining comprehensive exposure history and health status in large populations and because of the inherent dangers of inducing disease in clinical studies. In this article we describe examples of how air pollutants affect lung disease in experimental animal systems. This information can be used to predict the health risk of simple and complex exposures and to lend insight into the mechanisms of air pollution toxicity. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Gilmour, M I AU - Daniels, M AU - McCrillis, R C AU - Winsett, D AU - Selgrade, M K AD - Experimental Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. gilmour.ian@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - August 2001 SP - 619 EP - 622 VL - 109 Suppl 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Streptococcus -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Respiratory Tract Infections -- etiology KW - Respiratory Hypersensitivity -- etiology KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- drug effects KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71160664?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Air+pollutant-enhanced+respiratory+disease+in+experimental+animals.&rft.au=Gilmour%2C+M+I%3BDaniels%2C+M%3BMcCrillis%2C+R+C%3BWinsett%2C+D%3BSelgrade%2C+M+K&rft.aulast=Gilmour&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=109+Suppl+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=619&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-10-18 N1 - Date created - 2001-09-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Toxicol Lett. 1994 May;71(3):197-208 [8160208] Arch Environ Health. 1993 Sep-Oct;48(5):336-42 [8215598] Toxicol Pathol. 1993 Nov-Dec;21(6):521-7 [8052797] Annu Rev Public Health. 1994;15:107-32 [8054077] Toxicology. 1994 Sep 6;92(1-3):261-8 [7524198] Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1998 Jun;157(6 Pt 1):1991-9 [9620937] J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1998 Oct;102(4 Pt 1):539-54 [9802360] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1999 Aug 1;158(3):269-77 [10438660] Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999 Dec;160(6):1897-904 [10588603] Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000 Apr;161(4 Pt 1):1285-93 [10764325] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2000 May 15;165(1):84-93 [10814556] Acta Physiol Scand Suppl. 1968;306:1-89 [4872128] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1981 Aug;124(2):167-73 [7258829] Environ Res. 1985 Feb;36(1):67-80 [3967645] J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1986 Apr;77(4):616-23 [2420853] J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1987 Apr;79(4):639-45 [2435776] Environ Res. 1989 Oct;50(1):157-72 [2792057] Arch Environ Health. 1967 Jul;15(1):36-8 [4143659] Environ Health Perspect. 1990 Nov;89:169-74 [2088744] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1993 Mar;147(3):753-60 [8442612] Environ Res. 1993 Aug;62(2):207-22 [8393781] Toxicol Lett. 1994 Jun;72(1-3):23-31 [8202937] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cardiovascular and systemic responses to inhaled pollutants in rodents: effects of ozone and particulate matter. AN - 71159731; 11544160 AB - Striking similarities have been observed in a number of extrapulmonary responses of rodents to seemingly disparate ambient pollutants. These responses are often characterized by primary decreases in important indices of cardiac and thermoregulatory function, along with secondary decreases in associated parameters. For example, when rats are exposed to typical experimental concentrations of ozone (O(3), they demonstrate robust and consistent decreases in heart rate (HR) ranging from 50 to 100 beats per minute, whereas core temperature (T(co) often falls 1.5-2.5 degrees C. Other related indices, such as metabolism, minute ventilation, blood pressure, and cardiac output, appear to exhibit similar deficits. The magnitudes of the observed decreases may be modulated by changes in experimental conditions and appear to vary inversely with both ambient temperature and body mass. More recent studies in which both healthy and compromised rats were exposed to either particulate matter or its specific components yielded similar results. The agents studied included representative examples of ambient, combustion, and natural source particles, along with individual or combined exposures to their primary metallic constituents. In addition to the substantial decreases in HR and T(co), similar to those seen with the O(3)-exposed rats, these animals also displayed numerous adverse changes in electrocardiographic waveforms and cardiac rhythm, frequently resulting in fatal outcomes. Although there is only limited experimental evidence that addresses the underlying mechanisms of these responses, there is some indication that they may be related to stimulation of pulmonary irritant receptors and that they may be at least partially mediated via the parasympathetic nervous system. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Watkinson, W P AU - Campen, M J AU - Nolan, J P AU - Costa, D L AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, Experimental Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. watkinson.william@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - August 2001 SP - 539 EP - 546 VL - 109 Suppl 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Metals, Heavy KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Heart Rate -- drug effects KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Hemodynamics -- drug effects KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Ozone -- adverse effects KW - Metals, Heavy -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71159731?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Cardiovascular+and+systemic+responses+to+inhaled+pollutants+in+rodents%3A+effects+of+ozone+and+particulate+matter.&rft.au=Watkinson%2C+W+P%3BCampen%2C+M+J%3BNolan%2C+J+P%3BCosta%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Watkinson&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=109+Suppl+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=539&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-10-18 N1 - Date created - 2001-09-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2000 May 1;164(3):250-63 [10799335] Toxicol Sci. 1998 Feb;41(2):209-16 [9520357] Toxicol Ind Health. 1987 Sep;3(3):321-9 [3686536] Bol Estud Med Biol. 1991 Jan-Dec;39(1-4):15-20 [1814311] Arch Environ Health. 1992 May-Jun;47(3):211-7 [1596104] Toxicology. 1993 Jul 11;81(1):15-31 [8103612] Environ Res. 1994 Jan;64(1):36-52 [8287841] J Appl Physiol (1985). 1995 Mar;78(3):1108-20 [7775305] Am J Epidemiol. 1995 Jul 1;142(1):15-22 [7785669] Am J Epidemiol. 1995 Jul 1;142(1):23-35 [7785670] J Appl Physiol (1985). 1996 Jun;80(6):2134-42 [8806922] Eur Respir J. 1996 Sep;9(9):1858-67 [8880103] J Appl Physiol (1985). 1996 Oct;81(4):1691-700 [8904588] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1997 Feb 21;50(3):285-305 [9055877] Crit Care Med. 1998 May;26(5):912-6 [9590322] Epidemiology. 1999 Jan;10(1):17-22 [9888275] J Toxicol Environ Health A. 1999 Aug 27;57(8):543-63 [10515573] CRC Crit Rev Toxicol. 1973 Nov;2(3):299-363 [4131690] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative cross-species extrapolation in noncancer risk assessment. AN - 71128348; 11502157 AB - A procedure has been developed to extrapolate dose-effect findings across species and quantify some of the associated uncertainty via traditional statistical methods. The relationship between dose-effect curves which are known in two species can be described by a k-parameter dose equivalence equation (DEE). When a DEE is determined for as many agents of a given "family" as are known, a k-dimensional distribution of DEE parameters would obtain. When an actual extrapolation is to be made for a new agent of the same family which has not been (or cannot be) tested in the species to which results are to be extrapolated, the best estimate of the parameters of the new DEE would be some measure of central tendency and the best estimate of the uncertainty would be the variance/covariance of the k-dimensional distribution of DEE parameters. The method of extrapolation seeks to compliment the mechanistic knowledge or be a substitute for mechanistic methods in the large majority of cases where such understanding is lacking. JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Benignus, V A AD - Human Studies Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Mail Drop 58B, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - August 2001 SP - 62 EP - 68 VL - 34 IS - 1 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Xenobiotics KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Models, Statistical KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Xenobiotics -- toxicity KW - Risk Assessment -- statistics & numerical data KW - Risk Assessment -- methods KW - Species Specificity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71128348?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=Quantitative+cross-species+extrapolation+in+noncancer+risk+assessment.&rft.au=Benignus%2C+V+A&rft.aulast=Benignus&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=62&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-10-25 N1 - Date created - 2001-08-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring and source apportionment of particulate matter near a large phosphorus production facility. AN - 71117461; 11518289 AB - A source apportionment study was conducted to identify sources within a large elemental phosphorus plant that contribute to exceedances of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for 24-hr PM10. Ambient data were collected at three monitoring sites from October 1996 through July 1999, and included the following: 24-hr PM10 mass, 24-hr PM2.5 and PM10-2.5 mass and chemistry, continuous PM10 and PM2.5 mass, continuous meteorological data, and wind-direction-resolved PM2.5 and PM10 mass and chemistry. Ambient-based receptor modeling and wind-directional analysis were employed to help identify major sources or source locations and source contributions. Fine-fraction phosphate was the dominant species observed during PM10 exceedances, though in general, resuspended coarse dusts from raw and processed materials at the plant were also needed to create an exceedance. Major sources that were identified included the calciners, the CO flares, process-related dust, and electric-arc furnace operations. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995) AU - Willis, R D AU - Ellenson, W D AU - Conner, T L AD - ManTech Environmental Technology Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. willis.robert@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - August 2001 SP - 1142 EP - 1166 VL - 51 IS - 8 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Phosphorus KW - 27YLU75U4W KW - Carbon Monoxide KW - 7U1EE4V452 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Incineration KW - Carbon Monoxide -- analysis KW - Particle Size KW - Industry KW - Air Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Air Pollution -- analysis KW - Phosphorus -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71117461?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.atitle=Monitoring+and+source+apportionment+of+particulate+matter+near+a+large+phosphorus+production+facility.&rft.au=Willis%2C+R+D%3BEllenson%2C+W+D%3BConner%2C+T+L&rft.aulast=Willis&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1142&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-09-06 N1 - Date created - 2001-08-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An isomer prediction model for PCNs, PCDD/Fs, and PCBs from municipal waste incinerators. AN - 71097469; 11505998 AB - Isomer patterns of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) from municipal waste incinerators (MWIs) were predicted by a model based on symmetry numbers and preferential chlorination positions. Fly ash isomer patterns from five stoker and seven fluidized bed incinerators were compared to validate the prediction model. The isomer patterns of the highly chlorinated PCN homologues from stoker type incinerators were successfully predicted. The relative equilibrium concentrations of tetrachloronaphthalenes (TeCNs), calculated by an ab initio method, cannot explain the field isomer patterns. Formation pathways involving chlorophenol precursor condensation reactions should be examined to see whether these isomer patterns provide a better fit to the field PCDD data. The PCB isomer patterns were fit reasonably well, but this finding could merely be an artifact of the limited data and the large number of isomers. The prediction equations of PCDFs, revised from prior work to include a symmetry number for each isomer, represented the field data patterns for the higher chlorinated isomers very well. Successful prediction of isomer patterns for partial homologue ranges suggests that these patterns are determined by a mechanism governed by Cl-position-specific preferences. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Iino, F AU - Tsuchiya, K AU - Imagawa, T AU - Gullett, B K AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 2001/08/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Aug 01 SP - 3175 EP - 3181 VL - 35 IS - 15 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Benzofurans KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Naphthalenes KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Soil Pollutants KW - dibenzofuran KW - 8U54U639VI KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Incineration KW - Isomerism KW - Forecasting KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analogs & derivatives KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analysis KW - Refuse Disposal KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- analysis KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis KW - Naphthalenes -- analysis KW - Benzofurans -- analysis KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71097469?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=An+isomer+prediction+model+for+PCNs%2C+PCDD%2FFs%2C+and+PCBs+from+municipal+waste+incinerators.&rft.au=Iino%2C+F%3BTsuchiya%2C+K%3BImagawa%2C+T%3BGullett%2C+B+K&rft.aulast=Iino&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=3175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-26 N1 - Date created - 2001-08-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of DNA-based microsatellite marker technology for studies of genetic diversity in stressor impacted populations. AN - 71090591; 11501433 AB - In recent years microsatellite marker applications in various disciplines increased rapidly. Microsatellites are characterized as independent and highly variable markers most noted for their usefulness and popularity among researchers. Microsatellites can be constructed in-house from a partial genomic library, ordered from a vendor, or "borrowed" from a species that is closely related to the target species. Microsatellite application in natural populations can reveal present as well as historical impacts of stressors to particular population. JF - Ecotoxicology (London, England) AU - Dimsoski, P AU - Toth, G P AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, US EPA, Cincinnati, USA. dimsoski@usa.net Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - August 2001 SP - 229 EP - 232 VL - 10 IS - 4 SN - 0963-9292, 0963-9292 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Genetic Markers KW - Index Medicus KW - Genetic Variation KW - Animals KW - Microsatellite Repeats -- genetics KW - Genetics, Population KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Gene Library UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71090591?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+%28London%2C+England%29&rft.atitle=Development+of+DNA-based+microsatellite+marker+technology+for+studies+of+genetic+diversity+in+stressor+impacted+populations.&rft.au=Dimsoski%2C+P%3BToth%2C+G+P&rft.aulast=Dimsoski&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=229&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+%28London%2C+England%29&rft.issn=09639292&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-21 N1 - Date created - 2001-08-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and use of microsatellite DNA loci for genetic ecotoxicological studies of the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). AN - 71085898; 11501434 AB - The development of new DNA technologies has increased the opportunities to study the effect of genetic variation as a factor in selection, resistance, and fitness of individuals and populations. Genetic composition affects the evolutionary potential of an organism; however, whether genetic variation has a role in adaptation and survival due to chemical stress is still under debate. The strategy of measuring such variation should be based on the desired number of loci needed and degree of polymorphism at each locus. Microsatellite DNA loci (also known as Simple Tandem Repeats, STRs) have among the highest levels of variation within most eukaryotic genomes. Methods to determine the high levels of variation in individuals and populations have become more refined, making DNA-based studies in ecotoxicology more feasible. Herein, we describe the general characteristics of microsatellite DNA loci, their isolation, and their applications to toxicological studies using the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) as a focal species. JF - Ecotoxicology (London, England) AU - Brown, M C AU - Guttman, S AU - Glenn, T C AD - Department of Zoology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA. Brown-Augustine.Marianna@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - August 2001 SP - 233 EP - 238 VL - 10 IS - 4 SN - 0963-9292, 0963-9292 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Genetic Variation KW - Animals KW - Adaptation, Physiological KW - Tandem Repeat Sequences -- genetics KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Microsatellite Repeats -- genetics KW - Genetics, Population KW - Cyprinidae -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71085898?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+%28London%2C+England%29&rft.atitle=Development+and+use+of+microsatellite+DNA+loci+for+genetic+ecotoxicological+studies+of+the+fathead+minnow+%28Pimephales+promelas%29.&rft.au=Brown%2C+M+C%3BGuttman%2C+S%3BGlenn%2C+T+C&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+%28London%2C+England%29&rft.issn=09639292&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-21 N1 - Date created - 2001-08-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Choice of methodology for assessing genetic impacts of environmental stressors: polymorphism and reproducibility of RAPD and AFLP fingerprints. AN - 71080462; 11501435 AB - PCR-based multi-locus DNA fingerprints represent one of the most informative and cost-effective measures of genetic diversity and are useful population-level biomarkers of toxicologic and other anthropogenic impacts. However, concerns about reproducibility of DNA fingerprints have limited their wider use in environmental biology. We assessed polymorphism and reproducibility of two common fingerprinting techniques, RAPD (randomly amplified polymorphic DNA) and AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism), in pedigreed populations of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to derive general rules for selective removal of problematic fingerprint bands. We found that by excluding bands that comprised less than 1% of total intensity, and by excluding the largest and smallest 10% of the bands, we could achieve nearly 100% reproducibility of AFLP fingerprints. Similar application of band exclusion criteria to RAPD fingerprints did not significantly enhance their reproducibility, and at least 15% of RAPD bands were not fully repeatable, heritable, or transmittable. The RAPD technique produced more polymorphic fingerprints than AFLP; however, considering that a substantial proportion of RAPD markers did not demonstrate Mendelian inheritance patterns, the AFLP methodology is to be preferred for future research. JF - Ecotoxicology (London, England) AU - Bagley, M J AU - Anderson, S L AU - May, B AD - University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA. Bagley.mark@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - August 2001 SP - 239 EP - 244 VL - 10 IS - 4 SN - 0963-9292, 0963-9292 KW - DNA Primers KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Genetic Markers KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques KW - Oncorhynchus mykiss -- genetics KW - DNA Fingerprinting -- methods KW - Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71080462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+%28London%2C+England%29&rft.atitle=Choice+of+methodology+for+assessing+genetic+impacts+of+environmental+stressors%3A+polymorphism+and+reproducibility+of+RAPD+and+AFLP+fingerprints.&rft.au=Bagley%2C+M+J%3BAnderson%2C+S+L%3BMay%2C+B&rft.aulast=Bagley&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+%28London%2C+England%29&rft.issn=09639292&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-21 N1 - Date created - 2001-08-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of early gene expression changes by differential display in the livers of mice exposed to dichloroacetic acid. AN - 71027950; 11470764 AB - Dichloroacetic acid (DCA) is a major by-product of water disinfection by chlorination. Several studies have demonstrated the hepatocarcinogenicity of DCA in mice when administered in drinking water. The mechanism of DCA carcinogenicity is not clear and we speculate that changes in gene expression may be important. In order to analyze early changes in gene expression induced by DCA treatment we used the differential display method. Mice were treated with 2 g/l DCA in drinking water for 4 weeks. Total RNAs were obtained from livers of both control and treated mice for analysis. Of approximately 48 000 bands on the differential display gels representing an estimated 96% of RNA species, 381 showed differences in intensity. After cloning and confirmation by both reverse-northern and northern analyses, six differentially expressed genes were found. The expression of five of these genes was suppressed in the DCA-treated mice while one was induced. After sequencing, four genes were identified and two were matched to expressed sequence tags through the BLAST program. These genes are alpha-1 protease inhibitor, cytochrome b5, stearoyl-CoA desaturase and carboxylesterase. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase was induced approximately 3-fold in the livers of DCA-treated mice and the other three genes were suppressed approximately 3-fold. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase, cytochrome b5 and carboxylesterase are endoplasmic reticulum membrane-bound enzymes involved in fatty acid metabolism. The expression pattern of four of these genes was similar in DCA-induced hepatocellular carcinomas and the 4 week DCA-treated mouse livers. The expression of stearoyl-CoA desaturase and one of the unidentified genes returned to control levels in the carcinomas. Understanding the roles and interactions between these genes may shed light on the mechanism of DCA carcinogenesis. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Thai, S F AU - Allen, J W AU - DeAngelo, A B AU - George, M H AU - Fuscoe, J C AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - August 2001 SP - 1317 EP - 1322 VL - 22 IS - 8 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - DNA Primers KW - Dichloroacetic Acid KW - 9LSH52S3LQ KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Base Sequence KW - Blotting, Northern KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- metabolism KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Mice KW - Male KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - Gene Expression Profiling KW - Carcinogens -- pharmacology KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Dichloroacetic Acid -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71027950?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Detection+of+early+gene+expression+changes+by+differential+display+in+the+livers+of+mice+exposed+to+dichloroacetic+acid.&rft.au=Thai%2C+S+F%3BAllen%2C+J+W%3BDeAngelo%2C+A+B%3BGeorge%2C+M+H%3BFuscoe%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Thai&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1317&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-08-23 N1 - Date created - 2001-07-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Giving advice on cost effective measures for a cleaner Baltic Sea; a challenge for science AN - 52159045; 2002-005259 AB - The Baltic Sea is one of the world's seas that is most severely affected by human activities. Although there is an international agreement that nutrient input to the Baltic should be reduced, the measures taken so far have not resulted in major reductions in nutrient inputs nor in environmental improvements. The reasons for this are partly due to lack of knowledge on large-scale relationships and couplings between physics, biogeochemistry and ecological properties. But there is also a lack of overall drainage basin-wide analyses on cost-effective measures. There is a danger in making the wrong decisions, e.g. implement reduction schemes that are at worst ineffective or at best, far from cost effective. Researchers from many disciplines are faced with a common challenge: to develop a decision-support system, which can be used as the scientific base for cost-effective measures for the entire Baltic Sea. Such an effort is now being made within the research program MARE (http://www.mare.su.se). JF - Ambio AU - Wulff, Fredrik AU - Bonsdorff, Erik AU - Gren, Ing-Marie AU - Johansson, Sif AU - Stigebrandt, Anders A2 - Kononen, Kaisa A2 - Bonsdorff, Erik A2 - Kessler, Elizabeth Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - August 2001 SP - 254 EP - 259 PB - Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm VL - 30 IS - 4-5, Part I SN - 0044-7447, 0044-7447 KW - programs KW - pollutants KW - biochemistry KW - reclamation KW - pollution KW - international cooperation KW - ecosystems KW - decision-making KW - MARE Program KW - cost KW - nutrients KW - environmental management KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - eutrophication KW - ecology KW - North Atlantic KW - Baltic Sea KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52159045?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ambio&rft.atitle=Giving+advice+on+cost+effective+measures+for+a+cleaner+Baltic+Sea%3B+a+challenge+for+science&rft.au=Wulff%2C+Fredrik%3BBonsdorff%2C+Erik%3BGren%2C+Ing-Marie%3BJohansson%2C+Sif%3BStigebrandt%2C+Anders&rft.aulast=Wulff&rft.aufirst=Fredrik&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=4-5%2C+Part+I&rft.spage=254&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ambio&rft.issn=00447447&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ambio.allenpress.com/perlserv/?request=index-html&ct=1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 3rd environment symposium of the Maj and Tor Nessling symposium on Man and the Baltic Sea N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; Baltic Sea; biochemistry; cost; decision-making; ecology; ecosystems; environmental management; eutrophication; international cooperation; MARE Program; metals; North Atlantic; nutrients; organic compounds; physical properties; pollutants; pollution; programs; reclamation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Asian dust events of April 1998 AN - 50152812; 2002-032381 AB - On April 15 and 19, 1998, two intense dust storms were generated over the Gobi desert by springtime low-pressure systems descending from the northwest. The windblown dust was detected and its evolution followed by its yellow color on SeaWiFS satellite images, routine surface-based monitoring, and through serendipitous observations. The April 15 dust cloud was recirculating, and it was removed by a precipitating weather system over east Asia. The April 19 dust cloud crossed the Pacific Ocean in 5 days, subsided to the surface along the mountain ranges between British Columbia and California, and impacted severely the optical and the concentration environments of the region. In east Asia the dust clouds increased the albedo over the cloudless ocean and land by up to 10-20%, but it reduced the near-UV cloud reflectance, causing a yellow coloration of all surfaces. The yellow colored backscattering by the dust eludes a plausible explanation using simple Mie theory with constant refractive index. Over the West Coast the dust layer has increased the spectrally uniform optical depth to about 0.4, reduced the direct solar radiation by 30-40%, doubled the diffuse radiation, and caused a whitish discoloration of the blue sky. On April 29 the average excess surface-level dust aerosol concentration over the valleys of the West Coast was about 20-50 mu g/m (super 3) with local peaks >100 mu g/m (super 3) . The dust mass mean diameter was 2-3 mu m, and the dust chemical fingerprints were evident throughout the West Coast and extended to Minnesota. The April 1998 dust event has impacted the surface aerosol concentration 2-4 times more than any other dust event since 1988. The dust events were observed and interpreted by an ad hoc international web-based virtual community. It would be useful to set up a community-supported web-based infrastructure to monitor the global aerosol pattern for such extreme aerosol events, to alert and to inform the interested communities, and to facilitate collaborative analysis for improved air quality and disaster management. Copyright 2001 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Husar, R B AU - Tratt, David M AU - Schichtel, B A AU - Falke, S R AU - Li, F AU - Jaffe, D AU - Gasso, S AU - Gill, T AU - Laulainen, N S AU - Lu, F AU - Reheis, M C AU - Chun, Y AU - Westphal, Douglas L AU - Holben, B N AU - Gueymard, C AU - McKendry, I AU - Kuring, N AU - Feldman, G C AU - McClain, C AU - Frouin, R J AU - Merrill, J AU - DuBois, D AU - Vignola, F AU - Murayama, T AU - Nickovic, Slobodan AU - Wilson, W E AU - Sassen, K AU - Sugimoto, N AU - Malm, W C AU - Sokolik, I N AU - Winker, D M AU - Bergametti, G AU - Gillette, Dale A AU - Carmichael, Gregory R AU - Kaufman, Yoram J AU - Gomes, Laurent AU - Schuetz, L AU - Penner, J E Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - August 2001 SP - 18 EP - 18,330 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 106 IS - D16 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - dust storms KW - clouds KW - concentration KW - TOMS KW - sediment transport KW - clastic sediments KW - global KW - SeaWiFS KW - British Columbia KW - atmosphere KW - Gobi Desert KW - satellite methods KW - environmental analysis KW - atmospheric circulation KW - Canada KW - dust KW - sediments KW - Western Canada KW - wind transport KW - Asia KW - climate KW - remote sensing KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50152812?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Asian+dust+events+of+April+1998&rft.au=Husar%2C+R+B%3BTratt%2C+David+M%3BSchichtel%2C+B+A%3BFalke%2C+S+R%3BLi%2C+F%3BJaffe%2C+D%3BGasso%2C+S%3BGill%2C+T%3BLaulainen%2C+N+S%3BLu%2C+F%3BReheis%2C+M+C%3BChun%2C+Y%3BWestphal%2C+Douglas+L%3BHolben%2C+B+N%3BGueymard%2C+C%3BMcKendry%2C+I%3BKuring%2C+N%3BFeldman%2C+G+C%3BMcClain%2C+C%3BFrouin%2C+R+J%3BMerrill%2C+J%3BDuBois%2C+D%3BVignola%2C+F%3BMurayama%2C+T%3BNickovic%2C+Slobodan%3BWilson%2C+W+E%3BSassen%2C+K%3BSugimoto%2C+N%3BMalm%2C+W+C%3BSokolik%2C+I+N%3BWinker%2C+D+M%3BBergametti%2C+G%3BGillette%2C+Dale+A%3BCarmichael%2C+Gregory+R%3BKaufman%2C+Yoram+J%3BGomes%2C+Laurent%3BSchuetz%2C+L%3BPenner%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Husar&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=D16&rft.spage=18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2000JD900788 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 plates, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; atmosphere; atmospheric circulation; British Columbia; Canada; clastic sediments; climate; clouds; concentration; dust; dust storms; environmental analysis; global; Gobi Desert; remote sensing; satellite methods; SeaWiFS; sediment transport; sediments; TOMS; Western Canada; wind transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000JD900788 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Considerations for the development of a terrestrial index of ecological integrity AN - 19941447; 5314849 AB - Ecological systems are composed of complex biological and physical components that are difficult to understand and to measure. However, effective management actions and policy decisions require information on the status, condition, and trends of ecosystems. Multiple levels of information are needed to make effective decisions and the ideal indicators for measuring ecosystem integrity will incorporate information from multiple dimensions of the ecosystem. A terrestrial index of ecological integrity would be a useful tool for ecosystem managers and decision makers. The ideal requirements of the terrestrial index of ecosystem integrity (TIEI) are that it be comprehensive and multi-scale, grounded in natural history, relevant and helpful, able to integrate concerns from aquatic and terrestrial ecology, and that it be flexible and measurable. The objective of this research is to investigate if an index, or indices, could be developed that would summarize the condition of ecosystems so that changes can be tracked over time and this information utilized as a tool to support environmental decision making. JF - Ecological Indicators AU - Andreasen, J K AU - O'Neill, R V AU - Noss, R AU - Slosser, N C AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW (8623D), Washington, DC 20460, USA, andreasen.james@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 21 EP - 35 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 1 IS - 1 SN - 1470-160X, 1470-160X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Human Population KW - Decision making KW - Ecosystem management KW - Monitoring KW - Environmental policy KW - Data acquisition KW - D 04700:Management KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M1 350:Monitoring and Quantitating Anthropogenic Processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19941447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Indicators&rft.atitle=Considerations+for+the+development+of+a+terrestrial+index+of+ecological+integrity&rft.au=Andreasen%2C+J+K%3BO%27Neill%2C+R+V%3BNoss%2C+R%3BSlosser%2C+N+C&rft.aulast=Andreasen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Indicators&rft.issn=1470160X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Decision making; Ecosystem management; Monitoring; Environmental policy; Data acquisition ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strategies for evaluating indicators based on guidelines from the Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Research and Development AN - 19894483; 5314851 AB - The Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Research and Development (ORD) has prepared technical guidelines to evaluate the suitability of ecological indicators for monitoring programs. The guidelines were adopted by ORD to provide a consistent framework for indicator review, comparison and selection, and to provide direction for research on indicator development. The guidelines were organized within four evaluation phases: (1) conceptual relevance; (2) feasibility of implementation; (3) response variability; (4) interpretation and utility. Three example indicators were analyzed to illustrate the use of the guidelines in an evaluation. The examples included a direct chemical measurement (dissolved oxygen concentration), an estuarine benthic community index, and a stream fish community index of biotic integrity. Comparison of the three examples revealed differences in approach, style and types of information used to address each guideline. The Evaluation Guidelines were intended to be flexible within a consistent framework and the various strategies used in the examples demonstrate that the process can be useful for a wide variety of indicators and program objectives. JF - Ecological Indicators AU - Kurtz, J C AU - Jackson, LE AU - Fisher, W S AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA, kurtz.jan@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 49 EP - 60 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 1 IS - 1 SN - 1470-160X, 1470-160X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Human Population KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Ecosystems KW - Government programs KW - Aquatic ecosystems KW - Aquatic environment KW - Dissolved oxygen KW - EPA KW - Research programs KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - D 04801:Pollution monitoring and detection KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M1 350:Monitoring and Quantitating Anthropogenic Processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19894483?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Indicators&rft.atitle=Strategies+for+evaluating+indicators+based+on+guidelines+from+the+Environmental+Protection+Agency%27s+Office+of+Research+and+Development&rft.au=Kurtz%2C+J+C%3BJackson%2C+LE%3BFisher%2C+W+S&rft.aulast=Kurtz&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Indicators&rft.issn=1470160X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental monitoring; Aquatic ecosystems; Research programs; Dissolved oxygen; Pollution monitoring; EPA; Ecosystems; Government programs; Aquatic environment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adjustments to the Baseline Lung Cancer Mortality for Radon-Induced Lung Cancers in the BEIR VI Risk Models AN - 19557634; 8693229 JF - Radiation Research AU - Nelson, Christopher B AU - Puskin, Jerome S AU - Pawel, David J AD - Office of Radiation and Indoor Air, U.S. EPA, Washington, DC 20460, puskin.jerome@epa.gov. Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 220 EP - 221 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. VL - 156 IS - 2 SN - 0033-7587, 0033-7587 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - Lung cancer KW - Models KW - X 24390:Radioactive Materials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19557634?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+Research&rft.atitle=Adjustments+to+the+Baseline+Lung+Cancer+Mortality+for+Radon-Induced+Lung+Cancers+in+the+BEIR+VI+Risk+Models&rft.au=Nelson%2C+Christopher+B%3BPuskin%2C+Jerome+S%3BPawel%2C+David+J&rft.aulast=Nelson&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=156&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=220&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+Research&rft.issn=00337587&rft_id=info:doi/10.1667%2F0033-7587%282001%291562.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Models; Lung cancer DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1667/0033-7587(2001)156[0220:ATTBLC]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Effects of Perinatal Tebuconazole Exposure on Adult Neurological, Immunological, and Reproductive Function in Rats AN - 18642126; 5538857 AB - Studies are under way to address concerns of potential persistent immunotoxic, reproductive, and neurotoxic effects of perinatal exposure to several pesticides. Tebuconazole, a triazole fungicide, was evaluated as part of this project. Sprague-Dawley dams were administered tebuconazole (0, 6, 20, or 60 mg/kg) by oral gavage daily from gestational day 14 to postnatal day (PND)7; the pups were then dosed daily at the same levels from PND7-42. Separate groups of rats were used for testing of immunological parameters, neurobehavioral testing using a screening battery of functional tests, and cognitive evaluations. Other groups of rats were evaluated for reproductive development and function, while yet others were sacrificed at the end of the dosing period for histological analyses of major organs systems, including neuropathological assessments. Pup viability and body weight were decreased in the highest dose group. There were no differences in the fertility indices in the exposed rats mated as adults. In the sheep RBC-immunized high-dose rats, spleen weights and cellularity were increased, and the ratio of cell types was altered compared to controls. There were, however, no biologically significant changes in the immune function of these rats. At necropsy on PND46 or 152, kidney, liver, and spleen weights were altered by tebuconazole treatment, but a dose-response relationship was not clear for most organs; only decreased kidney and increased liver weights were consistent in both sexes. Histological analyses were generally unremarkable outside of the brain. One month after the end of dosing, acquisition of learning the platform location in a water tank (i.e., Morris water maze) was impaired in the high-dose group; there were no differences in neuromuscular ability, motor activity, or swim speed to account for this finding. Furthermore, there was no effect on recall of the position during a free-swim trial. Neuropathological evaluations revealed pyknotic cells across hippocampal cell fields in animals of all tebuconazole treatment groups, with the highest incidence in the 20 and 60 mg/kg/day dose groups, coincident with cell loss within pyramidal cell layer of CA3-4 cell fields of the hippocampus and layer V of the neocortex. Thus, perinatal exposure to tebuconazole produced neurobehavioral deficits and neuropathology in rats, but did not alter immunological or reproductive function. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Moser, V C AU - Barone, S Jr AU - Smialowicz, R J AU - Harris, M W AU - Davis, B J AU - Overstreet, D AU - Mauney, M AU - Chapin, R E AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 339 EP - 352 VL - 62 IS - 2 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - rats KW - tebuconazole KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24132:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18642126?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=The+Effects+of+Perinatal+Tebuconazole+Exposure+on+Adult+Neurological%2C+Immunological%2C+and+Reproductive+Function+in+Rats&rft.au=Moser%2C+V+C%3BBarone%2C+S+Jr%3BSmialowicz%2C+R+J%3BHarris%2C+M+W%3BDavis%2C+B+J%3BOverstreet%2C+D%3BMauney%2C+M%3BChapin%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Moser&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of Nitrogen Leaching at ICP-Waters Sites (Europe and North America) AN - 18355894; 5309638 AB - The International Cooperative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Acidification of Rivers and Lakes (ICP-Waters) is designed to assess the degree and geographical extent of acidification of surface waters. During the last 20 years, international emission reduction measures in Europe and North America have resulted in a decrease in atmospheric S-deposition of up to 50%, while N-deposition has stayed almost constant. Empirical relationships between N-deposition and stages of nitrogen saturation are used to assess the importance of nitrogen leaching at the ICP-Waters sites in Europe and North America. There is a clear coherence between high N saturation stages and high N deposition loads and more than 50% of the analysed ICP Waters sites show a high degree of nitrogen saturation, defined as stages 2 or 3 in Stoddard's classification system. Significant leaching of inorganic N also occurs at most sites with deposition greater than 10 kg/ha/yr. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Stoddard, J L AU - Traaen, T S AU - Skjelkvaale, B L AD - Western Ecology Division, U.S. EPA, Corvallis, Oregon 97333, USA, stoddard@mail.cor.epa.gov Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 781 EP - 786 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 130 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Acid pollutant deposition KW - Water Pollution Sources KW - International cooperation KW - Surface water KW - Sulfur Compounds KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Europe KW - Surface Water KW - International agreements KW - Nitrogen deposition effects KW - Sulphur compounds KW - Nitrogen Compounds KW - ANE, Europe KW - Acidification KW - Geography KW - Air Pollution KW - North America KW - Leaching KW - Acidification control KW - Nitrogen in surface waters KW - Water pollution KW - Air pollution KW - International Agreements KW - Deposition KW - Nitrogen compounds KW - ANW, North America KW - Nitrogen KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - M2 556.535.8:Pollution (of rivers) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18355894?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+Nitrogen+Leaching+at+ICP-Waters+Sites+%28Europe+and+North+America%29&rft.au=Stoddard%2C+J+L%3BTraaen%2C+T+S%3BSkjelkvaale%2C+B+L&rft.aulast=Stoddard&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=130&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=781&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Pollution monitoring; Leaching; Surface water; Pollution dispersion; Acidification; Nitrogen compounds; International agreements; Sulphur compounds; Nitrogen; Acid pollutant deposition; Acidification control; Nitrogen in surface waters; Nitrogen deposition effects; International cooperation; Geography; Water pollution; Nitrogen Compounds; Air Pollution; International Agreements; Water Pollution Sources; Sulfur Compounds; Deposition; Surface Water; North America; ANE, Europe; Europe; ANW, North America ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of Perchlorate in Tobacco Plants and Tobacco Products AN - 18291686; 5348158 AB - Previous field and laboratory studies with vascular plants have shown that perchlorate is transported from perchlorate fortified soils and is accumulated in the plant tissues and organs. This paper contains results of preliminary investigations on the occurrence of perchlorate in tobacco plants grown in soils amended with a fertilizer whose nitrogen content is derived from naturally occurring sodium nitrate (Chile saltpeter). Ion chromatography (IC) and capillary electrophoresis (CE) were used for quantitative analysis, while nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used for qualitative analysis of perchlorate. Results show that perchlorate is accumulated by tobacco plants into the leaves from soils amended with fertilizers that contain perchlorate. Also, perchlorate can persist over an extended period of time and under a variety of industrial processes as shown by its presence in off-the-shelf tobacco products including cigarettes, cigars, and pouch and plug chewing tobaccos in concentrations ranging from nd to 60.4 plus or minus 0.8 mg/kg on a wet weight basis. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Ellington, J J AU - Wolfe, N L AU - Garrison, A W AU - Evans, J J AU - Avants, J K AU - Teng, Q AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Ecosystems Research Division, 960 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA, ellington.jackson@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/08/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Aug 01 SP - 3213 EP - 3218 VL - 35 IS - 15 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - capillary electrophoresis KW - perchloric acid KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Fertilizers KW - Electrophoresis KW - Soil chemistry KW - Ion-exchange chromatography KW - Plants KW - Tobacco KW - X 24136:Environmental impact UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18291686?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Determination+of+Perchlorate+in+Tobacco+Plants+and+Tobacco+Products&rft.au=Ellington%2C+J+J%3BWolfe%2C+N+L%3BGarrison%2C+A+W%3BEvans%2C+J+J%3BAvants%2C+J+K%3BTeng%2C+Q&rft.aulast=Ellington&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=3213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Electrophoresis; Tobacco; Plants; Ion-exchange chromatography; Fertilizers; Soil chemistry ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using Winter Flounder Growth Rates to Assess Habitat Quality Across an Anthropogenic Gradient in Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island AN - 18190668; 5219350 AB - We used growth rates of juvenile winter flounder Pseudopleuronectes americanus to assess anthropogenic influence on habitat quality at three sites in Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island. The upper bay site, Gaspee Point, had the highest population density and concentration of total nitrogen; human inputs decreased down bay. Growth rates of individually marked fish were measured in three 15-d experiments from June 8 to July 6, 1998 in 1-m super(2) cages placed at upper, middle, and lower bay sites. Water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), and benthic food were also measured. Stable isotopes of nitrogen and carbon were measured in experimental fish as possible indicators of nutrient enrichment and to identify organic carbon sources. Growth rates were 0.22-0.60 mm d super(-1), with the highest average at the mid-bay site. Growth was initially fastest at Gaspee Point, but dropped off as DO concentrations fell. Step-wise multiple regression indicated that location (upper, middle, or lower bay) explained most of the variability in fish growth (40%). Coefficients of other significant variables indicated that fish grew faster at lower salinities, smaller sizes, and with decreased time that DO was below 2.3 mg l super(-1). Benthic prey varied among sites and there was significantly less food and fewer species at Gaspee Point. Polydora cornuta was a favored food at all sites and was found in over half the stomachs. Values of delta super(15)N in fish and sediments did not reflect differences in total nitrogen concentrations recorded near the sites. We suggest that anthropogenic influences, such as nutrients and sewage, affected habitat quality by reducing DO, which lowered fish growth rates. JF - Estuaries AU - Meng, L AU - Powell, J C AU - Taplin, B AD - Atlantic Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882, USA, meng.lesa@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 576 EP - 584 VL - 24 IS - 4 SN - 0160-8347, 0160-8347 KW - USA, Rhode Island, Gaspee Point KW - USA, Rhode Island, Narragansett Bay KW - Winter flounder KW - Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Water Pollution KW - Aquatic organisms KW - Water Temperature KW - Carbon isotopes KW - Organic carbon KW - Indicators KW - Population density KW - Man-induced effects KW - Nutrients KW - Dissolved oxygen KW - Marine fish KW - Salinity KW - Pseudopleuronectes americanus KW - Pollution indicators KW - Bays KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Fish (Flatfish families) KW - USA, Rhode Island KW - Organic Carbon KW - Estuaries KW - Gradients KW - Human Population KW - Growth Rates KW - Habitat KW - Sewage KW - ANW, USA, Rhode Island, Narragansett Bay KW - Nitrogen isotopes KW - Oxygen (Dissolved) KW - Nitrogen KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Eutrophication KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Human impact KW - Pisces KW - Ecology KW - Growth KW - Flounders KW - Growth rate KW - Sediment pollution KW - Dissolved Oxygen KW - Temperature KW - Population Density KW - ANW, USA, Rhode Island, Gaspee Point KW - Water quality (Natural waters) KW - Indicator species KW - D 04801:Pollution monitoring and detection KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18190668?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries&rft.atitle=Using+Winter+Flounder+Growth+Rates+to+Assess+Habitat+Quality+Across+an+Anthropogenic+Gradient+in+Narragansett+Bay%2C+Rhode+Island&rft.au=Meng%2C+L%3BPowell%2C+J+C%3BTaplin%2C+B&rft.aulast=Meng&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=576&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries&rft.issn=01608347&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Environmental monitoring; Sediment pollution; Pollution monitoring; Eutrophication; Organic carbon; Carbon isotopes; Anthropogenic factors; Man-induced effects; Marine fish; Nitrogen isotopes; Pollution indicators; Indicator species; Nitrogen; Bays; Estuaries; Gradients; Human impact; Aquatic organisms; Growth; Sewage; Population density; Nutrients; Habitat; Dissolved oxygen; Ecology; Fish (Flatfish families); Salinity; Temperature; Oxygen (Dissolved); Water quality (Natural waters); Water Pollution; Water Temperature; Organic Carbon; Indicators; Dissolved Oxygen; Growth Rates; Human Population; Population Density; Flounders; Pisces; Pseudopleuronectes americanus; USA, Rhode Island; ANW, USA, Rhode Island, Narragansett Bay; ANW, USA, Rhode Island, Gaspee Point ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Water Residence Time on Annual Export and Denitrification of Nitrogen in Estuaries: A Model Analysis AN - 18189077; 5219342 AB - A simple model of annual average response of an estuary to mean nitrogen loading rate and freshwater residence time was developed and tested. It uses nitrogen inputs from land, deposition from the atmosphere, and first-order calculations of internal loss rate and net export to perform a steady-state analysis over a yearly cycle. The model calculates the fraction of total nitrogen input from land and the atmosphere that is exported and the fraction that is denitrified or lost to other processes within the estuary. The model was tested against data from the literature for 11 North American and European estuaries having a wide range of physical characteristics, nitrogen loading rates, and geographical and climatic settings. The model shows that the fraction of nitrogen entering an estuary that is exported or denitrified can be predicted from the freshwater residence time. The first-order rate constant for nitrogen loss within an estuary, as a fraction of total nitrogen in the water column, is 0.30 mo super(-1). Denitrification typically accounts for 69-75% of the total annual net nitrogen removal from the water column by processes within the estuary. The model makes explicit the dependence of nitrogen concentration in the water column on the loading rate of nitrogen, water residence time, estuary volume, and the rate constant for loss within the estuary. JF - Estuaries AU - Dettmann, E H AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882, USA, dettmann.edward@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 481 EP - 490 VL - 24 IS - 4 SN - 0160-8347, 0160-8347 KW - Europe KW - Exported nitrogen KW - Modelling KW - Residence time KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Retention periods KW - Nutrients KW - Water quality KW - Water analysis KW - Water column KW - Fresh water KW - ANE, Europe KW - Denitrification KW - Estuarine dynamics KW - Mathematical models KW - Nitrogen Cycle KW - Estuaries KW - Outflow KW - Export KW - Estuarine chemistry KW - Model Studies KW - Analytical Methods KW - Analytical techniques KW - Deposition KW - Nitrogen cycle KW - Water quality (Natural waters) KW - Nitrogen KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q1 08382:Ecological techniques and apparatus KW - O 2090:Instruments/Methods KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q2 09183:Physics and chemistry KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - SW 0890:Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18189077?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Water+Residence+Time+on+Annual+Export+and+Denitrification+of+Nitrogen+in+Estuaries%3A+A+Model+Analysis&rft.au=Dettmann%2C+E+H&rft.aulast=Dettmann&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=481&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries&rft.issn=01608347&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Estuarine dynamics; Fresh water; Residence time; Denitrification; Analytical techniques; Outflow; Nitrogen cycle; Water column; Estuarine chemistry; Mathematical models; Estuaries; Water quality; Water analysis; Nitrogen; Retention periods; Nutrients; Water quality (Natural waters); Analytical Methods; Nitrogen Cycle; Deposition; Export; Model Studies; ANE, Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ambient Solar UV Radiation Causes Mortality in Larvae of Three Species of Rana Under Controlled Exposure Conditions AN - 18184872; 5185225 AB - Recent reports concerning the lethal effects of solar ultraviolet-B (UV-B) (290-320 nm) radiation on amphibians suggest that this stressor has the potential to impact some amphibian populations. In this study embryos and larvae of three anuran species, Rana pipiens, Rana clamitans and Rana septentrionalis, were exposed to full-spectrum solar radiation and solar radiation filtered to attenuate UV-B radiation or UV-B and ultraviolet-A (UV-A) (290-380 nm) radiation to determine the effects of each wavelength range on embryo and larval survival. Ambient levels of solar radiation were found to be lethal to all three species under exposure conditions that eliminated shade and refuge. Lethality was ameliorated by filtration of UV-B radiation alone, demonstrating that ambient UV-B radiation is sufficient to cause mortality. Although several studies have qualitatively demonstrated the lethality of UV-B to early life stage amphibians this study demonstrates that the larval life stages of the three species tested are more sensitive than the embryonic stages. This suggests that previous reports that have not included the larval life stage may underestimate the risk posed to some anuran populations by increasing UV-B exposure. Furthermore, this study reports quantitative UV-B dosimetry data, collected in conjunction with the exposures, which can be used to begin the assessment of the impact of environmental changes which increase UV-B exposure of these anurans. JF - Photochemistry and Photobiology AU - Tietge, JE AU - Diamond, SA AU - Ankley, G T AU - DeFoe, D L AU - Holcombe, G W AU - Jensen, K M AU - Degitz, S J AU - Elonen, GE AU - Hammer, E AD - Mid-Continent Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA, tietge.joe@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 261 EP - 268 VL - 74 IS - 2 SN - 0031-8655, 0031-8655 KW - Green frog KW - Mink frog KW - Northern leopard frog KW - bioassays KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Rana pipiens KW - Biological stress KW - Atmospheric gases KW - Rana clamitans KW - Larvae KW - Man-induced effects KW - Pollution effects KW - Freshwater KW - Solar radiation KW - Rana septentrionalis KW - Toxicity tests KW - Ultraviolet radiation KW - Mortality causes KW - Ozone KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18184872?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Photochemistry+and+Photobiology&rft.atitle=Ambient+Solar+UV+Radiation+Causes+Mortality+in+Larvae+of+Three+Species+of+Rana+Under+Controlled+Exposure+Conditions&rft.au=Tietge%2C+JE%3BDiamond%2C+SA%3BAnkley%2C+G+T%3BDeFoe%2C+D+L%3BHolcombe%2C+G+W%3BJensen%2C+K+M%3BDegitz%2C+S+J%3BElonen%2C+GE%3BHammer%2C+E&rft.aulast=Tietge&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Photochemistry+and+Photobiology&rft.issn=00318655&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological stress; Atmospheric gases; Ultraviolet radiation; Larvae; Pollution effects; Man-induced effects; Solar radiation; Toxicity tests; Mortality causes; Ozone; Rana pipiens; Rana clamitans; Rana septentrionalis; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Survey of volatile organic compounds associated with automotive emissions in the urban airshed of Sao Paulo, Brazil AN - 18183574; 5216672 AB - The Metropolitan Region of Sao Paulo (MRSP), Brazil, is one of the largest metropolitan areas in the world (population 17 million, approx.) and relies heavily on alcohol-based fuels for automobiles. It is estimated that about 40% of the total volume of fuel is ethanol with some vehicles using pure ethanol and others a gasoline/ethanol blend. As such, Sao Paulo is an excellent example of an oxygenates-dominated airshed of mobile sources and is most likely indicative of the future in heavily populated areas in the US such as Los Angeles where "oxy-fuels" are becoming an important replacement for the conventional pure petroleum-based fuels. In this work, we surveyed the ambient air to identify and quantify the organic compounds associated with the evaporative and exhaust emissions of these fuels and to begin to understand the potential for human exposure. Because this was an initial test without detailed prior knowledge of the airshed of the area, we applied two different air sampling methods for various time periods to assess the ambient concentrations of a variety of polar and nonpolar volatile organic compounds (VOCs). For quality assurance (QA), we collected all the samples in duplicate (whole-air samples in Summa canisters and adsorbent-based samples on Perkin-Elmer Air Toxics tubes) at various flow rates to test performance. All samples were collected over identical time frames, typically for 1-, 2-, and 4-h periods per day at six different locations over a period of 1 week. Overall Sao Paulo results demonstrate that mean concentrations of single-ring aromatics are 2-3 times higher, volatile aldehydes are 5-10 times higher, and simple alcohols 10-100 times higher as compared to results of a recent study performed by EPA in the Los Angeles basin. C sub(4)-C sub(11) n-alkanes were only slightly elevated in Sao Paulo. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Colon, M AU - Pleil, J D AU - Hartlage, T A AU - Guardani, M L AU - Martins, M H AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, MD-44, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, pleil.joachim@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 4017 EP - 4031 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 35 IS - 23 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Volatile organic compounds emission by motor vehicles KW - Fuels KW - Motor vehicles KW - Brazil, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo KW - Atmospheric pollution by motor vehicles KW - Brazil, Sao Paulo KW - Air sampling KW - Emission measurements KW - Urban atmospheric pollution KW - Automotive exhaust emissions KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - Ethanol KW - Exhaust emissions KW - Urban areas KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18183574?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Survey+of+volatile+organic+compounds+associated+with+automotive+emissions+in+the+urban+airshed+of+Sao+Paulo%2C+Brazil&rft.au=Colon%2C+M%3BPleil%2C+J+D%3BHartlage%2C+T+A%3BGuardani%2C+M+L%3BMartins%2C+M+H&rft.aulast=Colon&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=4017&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - North America and Central/South America. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Brazil, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo; Brazil, Sao Paulo; Volatile organic compounds; Motor vehicles; Automotive exhaust emissions; Urban areas; Fuels; Exhaust emissions; Ethanol; Emission measurements; Air sampling; Volatile organic compounds emission by motor vehicles; Urban atmospheric pollution; Atmospheric pollution by motor vehicles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Individual particle analysis of indoor, outdoor, and community samples from the 1998 Baltimore particulate matter study AN - 18180358; 5216665 AB - The United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) recently conducted the 1998 Baltimore Particulate Matter (PM) Epidemiology-Exposure Study of the Elderly. The primary goal of that study was to establish the relationship between outdoor PM concentrations and actual human PM exposures within a susceptible (elderly) subpopulation. Personal, indoor, and outdoor sampling of particulate matter was conducted at a retirement center in the Towson area of northern Baltimore County. Concurrent sampling was conducted at a central community site. The main objective of this work was to use computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy (CCSEM) with individual-particle X-ray analysis to measure the chemical and physical characteristics of geological and trace element particles collected at the various sampling locations in and around the retirement facility. The CCSEM results show that the relative abundances of some geological and trace element particle classes identified at the outdoor and community locations differ from each other and from the indoor location. Particle images acquired during the computer-controlled analyses played a key role in the identification of certain particle types. Review of these images was particularly useful in distinguishing spherical particles (usually indicative of combustion) from non-spherical particles of similar chemical composition. Pollens and spores were also identified through a manual review of the particle images. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Conner, T L AU - Norris, G A AU - Landis AU - Williams, R W AD - US EPA, MD-46, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, conner.teri@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 3935 EP - 3946 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 35 IS - 23 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Physicochemical properties KW - Environmental health KW - Particulate matter in urban air KW - Particulates KW - USA, Maryland, Baltimore KW - Computer applications KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Microscopy KW - Air sampling KW - Particulate matter in indoor air KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18180358?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Individual+particle+analysis+of+indoor%2C+outdoor%2C+and+community+samples+from+the+1998+Baltimore+particulate+matter+study&rft.au=Conner%2C+T+L%3BNorris%2C+G+A%3BLandis%3BWilliams%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Conner&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=3935&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - North America and Central/South America. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Maryland, Baltimore; Air sampling; Particulates; Microscopy; Computer applications; Environmental health; Physicochemical properties; Atmospheric chemistry; Particulate matter in urban air; Particulate matter in indoor air ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An in vitro model for murine ureteric epithelial cells AN - 18178056; 5200164 AB - Regulation of the proliferation and differentiation of ureteric epithelial cells is critical to formation and maintenance of ureteric lumen. Abnormal proliferation of this epithelial population during early morphogenesis can obstruct the lumen and produce hydronephrosis and damage to the kidney (Abbott and Birnbaum, 1990). Epithelial proliferation and differentiation is associated with specific patterns of expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor-alpha, and the EGF receptor (EGFR). Disrupted growth factor expression correlates with ureteric epithelial hyperplasia and hydronephrosis. The culture models presented here allow in vitro manipulation of the proliferation and differentiation of fetal ureteric epithelial cells. Modifications to the culture medium were developed to facilitate detection of either stimulation or inhibition of proliferation and differentiation of these cells in culture. This approach should be valuable in studies of biomolecules, such as growth factors, believed to regulate the cells endogenously, as well as for mechanistic studies of chemical agents that produce hydronephrosis. JF - In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal AU - LaMont Bryant, P AU - Reid, L M AU - Diala, E S AU - Abbott, B D AU - Buckalew, A R AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division (MD 67), National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA, abbott.barbara@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 395 EP - 398 PB - [URL:http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract &issn=1071-2690&volume=37&page=395] VL - 37 IS - 7 SN - 1071-2690, 1071-2690 KW - mice KW - in vitro KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Ureter KW - Epithelium KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W3 33220:Cell culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18178056?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=In+Vitro+Cellular+%26+Developmental+Biology+-+Animal&rft.atitle=An+in+vitro+model+for+murine+ureteric+epithelial+cells&rft.au=LaMont+Bryant%2C+P%3BReid%2C+L+M%3BDiala%2C+E+S%3BAbbott%2C+B+D%3BBuckalew%2C+A+R&rft.aulast=LaMont+Bryant&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=395&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=In+Vitro+Cellular+%26+Developmental+Biology+-+Animal&rft.issn=10712690&rft_id=info:doi/10.1290%2F1071-2690%282001%29037%280395%3AAIVMFM%292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Epithelium; Ureter DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1290/1071-2690(2001)037(0395:AIVMFM)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Speciation and preservation of inorganic arsenic in drinking water sources using EDTA with IC separation and ICP-MS detection AN - 18173947; 5207649 AB - The native distribution of As(III) and As(V) in drinking water supplies can influence the treatment removal strategy. The stability of As(III) and As(V) in iron-rich drinking waters can be affected by the formation of Fe precipitates (Fe oxides and/or hydroxides designated by "FeOOH"). These precipitates (ppts) can form during the transport of the sample to the laboratory for arsenic speciation analysis. The analysis of the ppt indicates considerable loss of the aqueous arsenic species (As sub(aq)) to the solid phase "FeOOH" ppt. Studies of laboratory reagent water containing both As(III) and Fe(III) indicate that the resulting "FeOOH" ppt contained a mixture of As(III) and As(V) with near quantitative removal of the As sub(aq) in 18 h. The corresponding aqueous fraction after filtration through a 0.45 mu m filter was composed primarily of As(V). The formation of "FeOOH" ppt and the loss of As sub(aq) to the ppt can be virtually eliminated by the use of EDTA, which sequesters the Fe(III). Reagent water fortified with Fe(III), As(III) and EDTA produced less than a 1 ppb change in the As(III) sub(aq) concentration over 16 d. The EDTA treatment was also tested on three well waters with different native As(III)/As(V) ratios. The native distribution of As(III)/As(V) was stabilized over a period of 10 d with a worst case conversion of As(III) to As(V) of 2 ppb over a 30 d period. All well waters not treated with EDTA had dramatic losses (a factor of 2-5) of As sub(aq) in less than 1 d. These results indicated that EDTA preservation treatment can be used to preserve As sub(aq) in waters where the predominant species is the reduced form [As(III)] or in waters which the predominant species is the oxidized form [As(V)]. This preliminary investigation of EDTA to preserve As species in Fe-rich waters indicates stability can be achieved for greater than 14 d. JF - Journal of Environmental Monitoring AU - Gallagher, P A AU - Schwegel, CA AU - Wei, X AU - Creed, J T AD - US EPA, NERL, Microbiological and Chemical Exposure Assessment Research Division, Cincinnati OH 45268, USA Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 371 EP - 376 VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 1464-0325, 1464-0325 KW - ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Arsenic KW - Drinking Water KW - Chemistry of Precipitation KW - Water treatment KW - Chemical speciation KW - Chemical Analysis KW - Water Treatment KW - Drinking water KW - Iron KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18173947?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Monitoring&rft.atitle=Speciation+and+preservation+of+inorganic+arsenic+in+drinking+water+sources+using+EDTA+with+IC+separation+and+ICP-MS+detection&rft.au=Gallagher%2C+P+A%3BSchwegel%2C+CA%3BWei%2C+X%3BCreed%2C+J+T&rft.aulast=Gallagher&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=371&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Monitoring&rft.issn=14640325&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fb101658j LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arsenic; Water treatment; Chemical speciation; Drinking water; Chemistry of Precipitation; Drinking Water; Chemical Analysis; Water Treatment; Iron DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b101658j ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trichloroethylene: Using New Information To Improve the Cancer Characterization AN - 18146769; 5275129 AB - Assessments of TCE's potential to cause cancer in humans have had to address issues concerning the strength of the human evidence and the relevance of the animal tumors to humans. The epidemiological database now includes analyses of multiple studies and molecular information. A recent analysis strongly suggests that TCE may induce cancer in humans at multiple sites, including kidney, liver, and lympho-hematopoietic cancer. Molecular analyses have found mutations of the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor gene in renal tumors of TCE-exposed individuals. The animal bioassays have been followed up with mechanistic studies that provide insight into TCE's possible modes of action at each tumor site. This information suggests that TCE may act through mechanisms that can be relevant to human cancers. The mechanistic information can also be used to identify risk factors that may make some people more susceptible to TCE's adverse effects, allowing a fuller characterization of TCE's cancer potential in different groups of people. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Cogliano, V J AU - Scott, C S AU - Caldwell, J C AU - Farland, W H AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development (8623D), 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20460, USA, cogliano.jim@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 755 EP - 766 VL - 7 IS - 4 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Epidemiology KW - Carcinogenicity KW - Trichloroethylene KW - Cancer KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18146769?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Trichloroethylene%3A+Using+New+Information+To+Improve+the+Cancer+Characterization&rft.au=Cogliano%2C+V+J%3BScott%2C+C+S%3BCaldwell%2C+J+C%3BFarland%2C+W+H&rft.aulast=Cogliano&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=755&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Trichloroethylene; Cancer; Carcinogenicity; Epidemiology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Growth strategies of a shade-tolerant tropical tree: the interactive effects of canopy gaps and simulated herbivory AN - 18121695; 5208089 AB - 1 We hypothesized that the survival of shade-tolerant juvenile trees in the understorey depends on allocation strategies that slow their growth but enhance recovery from herbivore damage. In contrast, allocation patterns should maximize height growth in gaps where competitors grow rapidly. We tested the interactive effects of canopy gaps and simulated herbivory (by removing the apical meristem, or 10%, 50% or 90% of tissue from all leaves) on juvenile (< 1 cm diameter at breast height) Shorea quadrinervis Sloot (Dipterocarpaceae), a dominant canopy tree in Borneo. 2 Damage did not diminish survival over 8 months, except for 90% foliage removal from understorey plants. Height growth in the understorey was negligible in both control and damaged plants. In gaps, height growth was stimulated by removal of either the apical meristem or 10% of leaf tissue; growth was reduced only after 90% foliage removal. 3 Higher damage levels increased subsequent net leaf loss. Leaf production was much greater, but leaf retention much lower, in gaps than in the understorey. Ninety per cent foliage removal drastically reduced production in gaps and retention in the understorey. After 10% defoliation, height growth was enhanced in gaps despite approximately 30% net leaf loss. 4 In a separate experiment, juveniles were moved from a shade house to gaps. After 8 months, gap plants had more leaves and more total biomass, but only half the root: shoot ratio of plants left in the shade. 5 Allocation patterns, together with the survival of understorey plants after all but the highest levels of damage, indicate that root: shoot allocation there tends to reduce the risk of mortality following herbivore or mechanical damage at the expense of growth. In contrast, in gaps, where interference competition for light is high, resource allocation apparently maximizes height growth. The interaction between resource availability and herbivore damage provides the basis for a more synthetic theory of resource allocation and growth strategies than one based on resource availability alone. JF - Journal of Ecology AU - Blundell, A G AU - Peart AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment, American Association for the Advancement of Science, US Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Street NW, Mail Stop 8601 D, Washington, DC 20460, USA, art.blundell@alum.dartmouth.org Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 608 EP - 615 VL - 89 IS - 4 SN - 0022-0477, 0022-0477 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Gaps KW - Growth KW - Shade KW - Herbivory KW - Canopies KW - Shorea quadrinervis KW - D 04640:Other angiosperms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18121695?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Ecology&rft.atitle=Growth+strategies+of+a+shade-tolerant+tropical+tree%3A+the+interactive+effects+of+canopy+gaps+and+simulated+herbivory&rft.au=Blundell%2C+A+G%3BPeart&rft.aulast=Blundell&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=608&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Ecology&rft.issn=00220477&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Shorea quadrinervis; Growth; Shade; Gaps; Canopies; Herbivory ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhalation of PM sub(2.5) Does Not Modulate Host Defense or Immune Parameters in Blood or Lung of Normal Human Subjects AN - 18118252; 5207888 AB - We tested the hypothesis that exposure of healthy volunteers to concentrated ambient air particles (CAPS) between 0.1 and 2.5 mu m in diameter is associated with modulation of human alveolar macrophage (AM) function, cytokine production, and immune phenotype in both blood and lung. Thirty-eight volunteers were exposed to either filtered air or CAPS from the immediate environment of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency human studies facility in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. Particle concentrations in the chamber during the exposures ranged from 23.1 to 311.1 mu g/m super(3). No symptoms were noted by volunteers after the exposure. Eighteen hours after exposure, analysis of cells obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) showed a mild increase in neutrophils in both the bronchial (8.4 plus or minus 2%) and alveolar fractions (4.2 plus or minus 1.7%) in subjects exposed to the highest concentration of CAPS compared to neutrophils in the fluids of those exposed to filtered air (bronchial fraction 2.7 plus or minus 0.6%; alveolar fraction 0.8 plus or minus 0.3%). There was no change in the percentage of lymphocytes or AMs recovered in the lavage after inhalation of the highest particle levels (mean 207 mu g/m super(3)). There was also no change in the proportion of lymphocytes in the BAL expressing CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, nor activation markers CD25 or CD69. Particle inhalation did not affect the expression of CD11b, CD64, CD16, CD14, CD71 on AM, nor was there an effect on phagocytosis or oxidant generation following stimulation with zymosan A. IL-6 and IL-8 levels detected by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay in the BAL were unrelated to inhaled particle levels. The distribution of lymphocyte subsets in blood obtained 18 hr after exposure to CAPS did not differ from that found before exposure. We conclude that ambient air particles are capable of inducing a mild inflammation in the lower respiratory tract but have no effect on immune phenotype or macrophage function under the conditions tested. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Harder, S D AU - Soukup, J M AU - Ghio, A J AU - Devlin, R B AU - Becker, S AD - HSF, U.S. EPA, CB 7315, 104 Mason Farm Rd., Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA, becker.susanne@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 599 EP - 604 VL - 109 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - man KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Inhalation KW - Macrophages KW - Particles KW - Air pollution KW - Blood KW - Airborne particulates KW - Lung KW - Immune system KW - Particulate pollution KW - Immunomodulation KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18118252?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Inhalation+of+PM+sub%282.5%29+Does+Not+Modulate+Host+Defense+or+Immune+Parameters+in+Blood+or+Lung+of+Normal+Human+Subjects&rft.au=Harder%2C+S+D%3BSoukup%2C+J+M%3BGhio%2C+A+J%3BDevlin%2C+R+B%3BBecker%2C+S&rft.aulast=Harder&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=&rft.spage=599&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Supplement: Inhaled Irritants and Allergens. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Particulate pollution; Particles; Immune system; Macrophages; Inhalation; Airborne particulates; Blood; Lung; Immunomodulation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting Evaporation Rates and Times for Spills of Chemical Mixtures AN - 18115443; 5183227 AB - Spreadsheet and short-cut methods have been developed for predicting evaporation rates and evaporation times for spills and constrained baths of chemical mixtures. Steady-state and time-varying predictions of evaporation rates can be made for six-component mixtures, including liquid-phase non-idealities as expressed through the UNIFAC method for activity coefficients. A group-contribution method is also used to estimate vapor-phase diffusion coefficients, which makes the method completely predictive. The predictions are estimates that require professional judgement in their application. One application that the evaporation time calculations suggest is a method for labeling chemical containers that allows one to quickly assess the time for complete evaporation of spills of both pure components and mixtures. The labeling would take the form of an evaporation time that depends on the local environment. For instance, evaporation time depends on indoor or outdoor conditions and the amount of each chemical among other parameters. This labeling would provide rapid information and an opportunity to premeditate a response before a spill occurs. JF - Annals of Occupational Hygiene AU - Smith, R L AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA, smith.raymond@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 437 EP - 445 VL - 45 IS - 6 SN - 0003-4878, 0003-4878 KW - labelling KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Chemical spills KW - Hazardous materials KW - Emergency preparedness KW - H 6000:Natural Disasters/Civil Defense/Emergency Management KW - R2 23020:Technological risks UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18115443?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+Occupational+Hygiene&rft.atitle=Predicting+Evaporation+Rates+and+Times+for+Spills+of+Chemical+Mixtures&rft.au=Smith%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=437&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+Occupational+Hygiene&rft.issn=00034878&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hazardous materials; Chemical spills; Emergency preparedness; Risk assessment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of Trivalent Methylated Arsenicals in Biological Matrices AN - 17917866; 5158173 AB - The enzymatically catalyzed oxidative methylation of As yields methylated arsenicals that contain pentavalent As (As super(V)). Because trivalent As (As super(III)) is the favored substrate for this methyltransferase, methylated arsenicals containing As super(V) are reduced to trivalency in cells. Methylated arsenicals that contain As super(III) are extremely potent inhibitors of NADPH-dependent flavoprotein oxidoreductases and potent cytotoxins in many cell types. Therefore, the formation of methylated arsenicals that contain As super(III) may be properly regarded as an activation step, rather than a means of detoxification. Recognition of the role of methylated arsenicals that contain As super(III) in the toxicity and metabolism of As emphasizes the need for analytical methods to detect and quantify these species in biological samples. Hence, a method was developed to exploit pH-dependent differences in the generation of arsines from inorganic and methylated arsenicals that contain either As super(V) or As super(III). Reduction with borohydride at pH 6 generated arsines from inorganic As super(III), methyl As super(III), and dimethyl As super(III), but not from inorganic As super(V), methyl As super(V), and dimethyl As super(V). Reduction with borohydride at pH 2 or lower generated arsines from arsenicals that contained either As super(V) or As super(III). Arsines are trapped in a liquid nitrogen-cooled gas chromatographic trap, which is subsequently warmed to allow separation of the hydrides by their boiling points. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry is used to detect and quantify the arsines. The detection limits (ng As ml super(-1) ) for inorganic As super(III), methyl As super(III), and dimethyl As super(III) are 1.1, 1.2, and 6.5, respectively. This method has been applied to the analysis of arsenicals in water, human urine, and cultured cells. Both methyl As super(III) and dimethyl As super(III) are detected in urine samples from individuals who chronically consumed inorganic As-contaminated water and in human cells exposed in vitro to inorganic As super(III). The reliable quantitation of inorganic and methylated arsenicals that contain As super(III) in biological samples will aid the study of the toxicity of these species and may provide a new biomarker of the effects of chronic exposure to As. Copyright 2001 Academic Press. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Del Razo, LM AU - Styblo, M AU - Cullen, W R AU - Thomas, D J AD - Pharmacokinetics Branch, Experimental Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 27711, thomas.david@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/08/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Aug 01 SP - 282 EP - 293 PB - Academic Press VL - 174 IS - 3 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Atomic absorption spectroscopy KW - Arsenic KW - Gas chromatography KW - Urine KW - Cell culture KW - Methylation KW - X 24222:Analytical procedures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17917866?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Determination+of+Trivalent+Methylated+Arsenicals+in+Biological+Matrices&rft.au=Del+Razo%2C+LM%3BStyblo%2C+M%3BCullen%2C+W+R%3BThomas%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Del+Razo&rft.aufirst=LM&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=174&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=282&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1006%2Ftaap.2001.9226 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Methylation; Arsenic; Cell culture; Atomic absorption spectroscopy; Urine; Gas chromatography DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/taap.2001.9226 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Correlation Of Red-Shouldered Hawk Abundance And Macrohabitat Characteristics In Southern Ohio AN - 17614706; 5972258 AB - We measured an index of Red-shouldered Hawk (Buteo lineatus) abundance along streams in southern Ohio and related differences in abundance index to landscape-scale habitat characteristics within the surveyed areas. Fifteen study sites, each a 5.8-km reach of a permanent stream, were surveyed four times using broadcasts of Red-shouldered Hawk calls and Red-tailed Hawk (Buteo jamaicensis) calls. We determined the landcover types in a corridor surrounding each surveyed area using a GIS landcover data grid, and counted the number of small ponds within each corridor. We calculated hawk response rate for each species as the mean number of visual or aural detections per survey. Red-shouldered Hawk response rate was inversely correlated to Red-tailed Hawk response rate (r = -0.52, P < 0.04), and was positively correlated to the number of small ponds within each stream corridor (r = 0.77, P < 0.01), suggesting that the number of small ponds was an important factor associated with Red-shouldered Hawk abundance.Correlacion entre la Abundancia de Buteo lineatus y Caracteristicas de Macrohabitat en el Sur de OhioOriginal Abstract: Calculamos un indice de abundancia de Buteo lineatus a lo largo de varios arroyos en el sur de Ohio y relacionamos las diferencias en este indice con caracteristicas del habitat a escala del paisaje de las areas censadas. Trabajamos en 15 sitios (cada uno comprendiendo 5.8 km alrededor de un arroyo permanente), que fueron censados cuatro veces reproduciendo vocalizaciones de B. lineatus y B. jamaicensis. Determinamos el tipo de uso de la tierra en un corredor alrededor de cada area censada utilizando un sistema de informacion geografica y contamos el numero de pequenos estanques al interior de cada corredor. Calculamos la tasa de respuesta de las dos especies de gavilanes como el numero promedio de detecciones visuales o auditivas por censo. La tasa de respuesta de B. lineatus se correlaciono negativamente con la tasa de respuesta de B. jamaicensis (r = -0.52, P < 0.04) y positivamente con el numero de estanques dentro de cada corredor (r = 0.77, P < 0.01). Los resultados sugieren que el numero de estanques es un factor importante asociado a la abundancia de B. lineatus. JF - Condor AU - Dykstra, C R AU - Daniel, F B AU - Hays, J L AU - Simon, M M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH 45268 Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 652 EP - 656 PB - Cooper Ornithological Society VL - 103 IS - 3 SN - 0010-5422, 0010-5422 KW - Red-shouldered hawk KW - Red-tailed hawk KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04671:Birds UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17614706?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Condor&rft.atitle=Correlation+Of+Red-Shouldered+Hawk+Abundance+And+Macrohabitat+Characteristics+In+Southern+Ohio&rft.au=Dykstra%2C+C+R%3BDaniel%2C+F+B%3BHays%2C+J+L%3BSimon%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=Dykstra&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=652&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Condor&rft.issn=00105422&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0010-5422%282001%291032.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=0010-5422&volume=103&page=652 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0010-5422(2001)103<0652:CORSHA>2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Masculinization of Female Mosquitofish in Kraft Mill Effluent-Contaminated Fenholloway River Water Is Associated with Androgen Receptor Agonist Activity AN - 16155549; 5538848 AB - Female mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis holbrooki) downstream from Kraft paper mills in Florida display masculinization of the anal fin, an androgen-dependent trait. The current investigation was designed to determine if water contaminated with pulp-mill effluent (PME) from the Fenholloway River in Florida displayed androgenic activity in vitro and to relate this activity to the reproductive status of female mosquitofish taken from this river. We tested water samples for androgenic activity from a reference site upstream of a Kraft pulp and paper mill on the Fenholloway River, from 3 sites downstream from the mill, and from another reference site on the Econfina River, also in Florida, where there is no paper mill. We also examined anal fin ray morphology in mosquitofish from these rivers for evidence of masculinization. Eighty percent of the female mosquitofish from the Fenholloway River were partially masculinized while another 10% were completely masculinized, based upon the numbers of segments in the longest anal fin ray (18.0 plus or minus 0.4 vs. 28.1 plus or minus 0.9 [p < 0.001]) in the Econfina River vs. the Fenholloway River, respectively). In a COS whole cell-binding assay, all 3 PME samples displayed affinity for human androgen receptor (hAR) (p < 0.001). In addition, PME induced androgen-dependent gene expression in CV-1 cells (cotransfected with pCMV hAR and MMTV luciferase reporter), which was inhibited by about 50% by coadministration of hydroxyflutamide (1 mu M), an AR antagonist. Water samples collected upstream of the Kraft mill or from the Econfina River did not bind hAR or induce luciferase expression. When CV-1 cells were transfected with human glucocorticoid receptor (hGR) rather than hAR, PME failed to significantly induce MMTV-luciferase expression. Further evidence of the androgenicity was observed using a COS cell AR nuclear-translocalization assay. PME bound hAR and induced translocalization of AR into the nucleus. In contrast, AR remained perinuclear when treated with water from the control sites (indicating the absence of an AR ligand). Interestingly, PME also displayed "testosterone-like" immunoreactivity in a testosterone radioimmunoassay, whereas water from the reference sites did not. In summary, water collected downstream of the Kraft mill on the Fenholloway River contains unidentified androgenic substances whose presence is associated with masculinization of female mosquitofish. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Parks, L G AU - Lambright, C S AU - Orlando, E F AU - Guillette, LJ Jr AU - Ankley, G T AU - Gray, LE Jr AD - USEPA, RTD, NHEERL, Endocrinology Branch, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 257 EP - 267 VL - 62 IS - 2 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - Mosquitofish KW - androgenic activity KW - kraft mills KW - masculinization KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Kraft Mills KW - USA, Florida KW - Water Analysis KW - Water Sampling KW - Pollution effects KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Paper industry wastes KW - Sex hormones KW - Fins KW - Pulp and Paper Industry KW - Assay KW - Downstream KW - Freshwater pollution KW - Testing Procedures KW - Rivers KW - Industrial effluents KW - Receptors KW - Effluents KW - Water pollution KW - USA, Florida, Fenholloway R. KW - Pulp wastes KW - Gambusia affinis holbrooki KW - Reproductive cycle KW - Reproduction KW - Females KW - Abnormalities KW - Androgens KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - X 24156:Environmental impact KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16155549?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Masculinization+of+Female+Mosquitofish+in+Kraft+Mill+Effluent-Contaminated+Fenholloway+River+Water+Is+Associated+with+Androgen+Receptor+Agonist+Activity&rft.au=Parks%2C+L+G%3BLambright%2C+C+S%3BOrlando%2C+E+F%3BGuillette%2C+LJ+Jr%3BAnkley%2C+G+T%3BGray%2C+LE+Jr&rft.aulast=Parks&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Pulp wastes; Fins; Reproductive cycle; Pollution effects; Females; Freshwater fish; Abnormalities; Sex hormones; Freshwater pollution; Receptors; Effluents; Water pollution; Androgens; Industrial effluents; Reproduction; Paper industry wastes; Testing Procedures; Kraft Mills; Water Analysis; Water Sampling; Pulp and Paper Industry; Assay; Downstream; Gambusia affinis holbrooki; USA, Florida, Fenholloway R.; USA, Florida; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Utilization of landscape indicators to model potential pathogen impaired waters AN - 16126925; 5207476 AB - Many water bodies within the United States are contaminated by non-point source (NPS) pollution, which is defined as those materials posing a threat to water quality arising from a number of individual sources and diffused through hydrologic processes. One such NPS pollutant that is of critical concern are pathogens derived from animal wastes, including humans. The potential presence of pathogens is identified by testing the water for fecal coliform, a bacteria also associated with animal wastes. Water contaminated by animal wastes are most often associated with urban and agricultural areas, thus it is postulated that by utilizing land cover indicators, those water bodies that may be at risk of fecal coliform contamination may be identified. This study utilizes land cover information derived from the Multi-Resolution Land Characterization (MRLC) project to analyze fecal coliform contamination in South Carolina. Also utilized are 14 digit hydrologic unit code (HUC) watersheds of the state, a digital elevation model, and test point data stating whether fecal coliform levels exceeded State Water Quality Standards. Proportions of the various land covers are identified within the individual watersheds and then analyzed using a logistic regression. The results reveal that watersheds with large proportions of urban land cover and agriculture on steep slopes had a very high probability of being impaired. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Smith, J H AU - Wickham, J D AU - Norton, D AU - Wade, T G AU - Jones, K B AD - Ecologist and Research Biologist, Landscape Characterization Branch (MD-56), National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA, smith.jonathanh@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 805 EP - 814 VL - 37 IS - 4 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - USA, South Carolina KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Land Use KW - Agriculture KW - Hydrological Regime KW - Urbanization KW - Agricultural pollution KW - Indicators KW - Microbial contamination KW - Bacteria (Coliform) KW - Vegetation cover KW - Catchment areas KW - Data Interpretation KW - Topography KW - Pollutant Identification KW - Coliforms KW - Catchment Areas KW - Water Quality KW - Pathogens KW - Nonpoint pollution KW - Land use KW - Water pollution KW - Contamination (see also Pollution) KW - Pathogenic organism KW - Water quality (Natural waters) KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16126925?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Utilization+of+landscape+indicators+to+model+potential+pathogen+impaired+waters&rft.au=Smith%2C+J+H%3BWickham%2C+J+D%3BNorton%2C+D%3BWade%2C+T+G%3BJones%2C+K+B&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=805&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vegetation cover; Urbanization; Agricultural pollution; Microbial contamination; Water pollution; Land use; Nonpoint pollution; Agriculture; Catchment areas; Contamination (see also Pollution); Pathogenic organism; Water quality (Natural waters); Bacteria (Coliform); Land Use; Pollutant Identification; Hydrological Regime; Coliforms; Catchment Areas; Indicators; Water Quality; Pathogens; Data Interpretation; Topography ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recommendations for the Implementation of a National Sediment Quality Policy in the United States AN - 16125283; 5275122 AB - Sediments provide needed habitats to valued aquatic and marine resources and are therefore an integral and valuable component of any coastal ecosystem. Studies have found that multiple anthropogenic activities have been the primary cause of sediment contamination. There is continued evidence that contaminated sediments pose adverse impacts to biological resources even when overlying water quality is acceptable. Efforts in environmental protection should therefore incorporate sediment quality management strategies. Despite a growing awareness and interest in management of contaminated sediment, no established systematic and standardized national management program has been established in the U.S. The establishment of a national sediment policy in the U.S. would reinforce the importance of integrating sediment issues with different management objectives and reiterate the importance of protecting sediments as a natural resource. A national sediment policy could also guide and direct states in developing state sediment policies that reflect national objectives while integrating local concerns. This perspective identifies and defines issues and concerns raised by 13 states' agency staff in managing contaminated sediments in the absence of a national policy. Recommendations are developed that address sociopolitical and scientific issues and concerns. The recommendations are integrated with stakeholder comments, state manager needs and the existing regulatory and institutional framework. JF - Human and Ecological Risk Assessment AU - Nord, MA AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, (ML-10C), 536 S. Clark Street, Chicago, IL 60605, USA, nord.mari@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 641 EP - 650 VL - 7 IS - 4 SN - 1080-7039, 1080-7039 KW - USA KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Marine Environment KW - Resource management KW - Environmental policy KW - Sediments KW - environmental policy KW - Habitats KW - Water Quality Standards KW - Water Policy KW - Aquatic Environment KW - Federal policies KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Water Quality Control KW - Environment management KW - Legislation KW - R2 23090:Policy and planning KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16125283?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Recommendations+for+the+Implementation+of+a+National+Sediment+Quality+Policy+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Nord%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Nord&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=641&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+and+Ecological+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=10807039&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Resource management; Federal policies; Environmental policy; Environment management; Legislation; environmental policy; Sediments; Water Quality Standards; Marine Environment; Habitats; Water Policy; Aquatic Environment; Sediment Contamination; Water Quality Control ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil lead human health and regulatory issues AN - 1020539159; 2012-057960 JF - SSSA-ASA-CSSA Annual Meeting Abstracts AU - Grevatt, Peter AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - August 2001 EP - unpaginated PB - American Society of Agronomy and Crop Science Society of America and Soil Science Society of America, [varies] VL - 2001 KW - soils KW - protection KW - toxic materials KW - medical geology KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - lead KW - remediation KW - human ecology KW - bioaccumulation KW - metals KW - risk assessment KW - ecology KW - public health KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1020539159?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SSSA-ASA-CSSA+Annual+Meeting+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Soil+lead+human+health+and+regulatory+issues&rft.au=Grevatt%2C+Peter%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Grevatt&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=2001&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SSSA-ASA-CSSA+Annual+Meeting+Abstracts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 annual meeting of the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-15 N1 - CODEN - #06963 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioaccumulation; ecology; human ecology; lead; medical geology; metals; pollutants; pollution; protection; public health; regulations; remediation; risk assessment; soil treatment; soils; toxic materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Column tests on arsenic remediation by using zerovalent iron AN - 1020539006; 2012-057849 JF - SSSA-ASA-CSSA Annual Meeting Abstracts AU - Su, Chunming AU - Tollett, J A AU - Puls, R W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - August 2001 EP - unpaginated PB - American Society of Agronomy and Crop Science Society of America and Soil Science Society of America, [varies] VL - 2001 KW - soils KW - sorption KW - arsenic KW - porous materials KW - preferential flow KW - iron KW - remediation KW - phosphate ion KW - arsenites KW - zerovalent iron KW - arsenates KW - dissolved materials KW - metals KW - sediments KW - waste disposal KW - permeability KW - disposal barriers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1020539006?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SSSA-ASA-CSSA+Annual+Meeting+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Column+tests+on+arsenic+remediation+by+using+zerovalent+iron&rft.au=Su%2C+Chunming%3BTollett%2C+J+A%3BPuls%2C+R+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Su&rft.aufirst=Chunming&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=2001&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SSSA-ASA-CSSA+Annual+Meeting+Abstracts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 annual meeting of the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-15 N1 - CODEN - #06963 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenates; arsenic; arsenites; disposal barriers; dissolved materials; iron; metals; permeability; phosphate ion; porous materials; preferential flow; remediation; sediments; soils; sorption; waste disposal; zerovalent iron ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparative assessment of Boise, Idaho, ambient air fine particle samples using the plate and microsuspension Salmonella mutagenicity assays AN - 18115162; 5209126 AB - The primary objective of this study is to characterize the genotoxic potential of the ambient air aerosols collected within an air shed impacted primarily by wood smoke and automotive emissions. The study also examines the relative merits of a microsuspension assay and the standard plate assay for monitoring the presence of airborne particle-bound mutagens. Wintertime ambient air particulate samples collected from Boise, Idaho, USA, were shown to contain extractable organic matter that is mutagenic in the Salmonella typhimurium microsuspension and plate-incorporation assays. Differences in the results from the primary sites, auxiliary sites and the background site demonstrate that the particle-bound mutagens are not evenly distributed within the air shed and are more associated with the location of sampling than with the time of sampling or the type of bioassay used to evaluate the samples. This study also demonstrates that the bioassay protocol used in such studies should depend upon the characteristics of the air shed's mutagens and the purpose of the study. For example, the microsuspension assay gave somewhat more variable results between samples but was approximately threefold more sensitive than the plate assay. When strain TA98 was used in the microsuspension assay, the mutagenic response was greater without an exogenous activation system. The reverse was true for the plate assay in which the use of an exogenous activation system increased the mutagenicity response. TA100 in the microsuspension assay provided results comparable to those with TA98. This is important because TA100 can also be used to bioassay semivolatile and volatile organics associated with ambient air mutagenicity. This, in turn, allows a comparison of the mutagenicity of organics collected by differing methods due to their volatility. Future studies should be directed toward correlation of mutagenicity results with other analytical results in order to further develop methods for better characterization of the genotoxicity of ambient air. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Claxton, L D AU - Warren, S AU - Zweidinger, R AU - Creason, J AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mail Drop 68, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, claxton.larry@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/07/25/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jul 25 SP - 95 EP - 108 VL - 275 IS - 1-3 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Aerosols KW - Mutagenicity KW - Genotoxicity KW - Salmonella typhimurium KW - USA, Idaho, Boise KW - Smoke KW - Bioassays KW - Air sampling KW - Automotive exhaust emissions KW - Toxicity testing KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18115162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=A+comparative+assessment+of+Boise%2C+Idaho%2C+ambient+air+fine+particle+samples+using+the+plate+and+microsuspension+Salmonella+mutagenicity+assays&rft.au=Claxton%2C+L+D%3BWarren%2C+S%3BZweidinger%2C+R%3BCreason%2C+J&rft.aulast=Claxton&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-07-25&rft.volume=275&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Salmonella typhimurium; USA, Idaho, Boise; Mutagenicity; Genotoxicity; Air sampling; Aerosols; Smoke; Automotive exhaust emissions; Bioassays; Toxicity testing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Both hypomethylation and hypermethylation of DNA associated with arsenite exposure in cultures of human cells identified by methylation-sensitive arbitrarily-primed PCR. AN - 71072110; 11489357 AB - In a previous study we reported that methylation within the promoter region of p53 was altered in human lung A549 cells exposed to arsenite over a 2-week period in culture. In the present study the methylation status of the 5' control region of the tumor suppressor gene, von Hippel Lindau syndrome (VHL), a gene known to be silenced transcriptionally by CpG methylation was assessed. No changes in DNA methylation in VHL in human kidney UOK cell lines exposed to arsenite were seen after 4 weeks in culture, assessed by simple HpaII digestion followed by PCR amplification. Using methylation-sensitive arbitrarily-primed PCR we identified eight differentially methylated regions of genomic DNA of approximately 300--500 bp from three UOK cell lines and from human lung A549 cells after arsenite exposure in culture. Six fragments were hypermethylated, and two were hypomethylated, relative to untreated controls. Sequence analysis revealed two DNA fragments contained repeat sequences of mammalian-apparent LTR retrotransposons, five contained promoter-like sequences, and 13 CpG islands were identified. Three fragments had 99-100% homology to regions on human chromosomes 6, 9, and 15 but these genes have not yet been identified. Our findings are consistent with a potential role for both hypermethylation and hypomethylation of DNA that coexist after exposure to arsenite. The results, in total, could support the existence of a state of DNA methylation imbalance that could conceivably disrupt appropriate gene expression in arsenite exposed cells. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Zhong, C X AU - Mass, M J AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division (MD-68), National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, ORD, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 2001/07/06/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jul 06 SP - 223 EP - 234 VL - 122 IS - 3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Arsenites KW - 0 KW - Proteins KW - Tumor Suppressor Proteins KW - Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases KW - EC 2.3.2.27 KW - Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein KW - Deoxyribonuclease HpaII KW - EC 3.1.21.- KW - Ligases KW - EC 6.- KW - VHL protein, human KW - EC 6.3.2.- KW - arsenite KW - N5509X556J KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15 KW - Humans KW - Kidney -- drug effects KW - Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9 KW - Sequence Analysis, DNA KW - Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6 KW - Deoxyribonuclease HpaII -- metabolism KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Promoter Regions, Genetic KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - CpG Islands -- genetics KW - Cell Line KW - Proteins -- drug effects KW - DNA Methylation -- drug effects KW - Arsenites -- toxicity KW - Proteins -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71072110?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=Both+hypomethylation+and+hypermethylation+of+DNA+associated+with+arsenite+exposure+in+cultures+of+human+cells+identified+by+methylation-sensitive+arbitrarily-primed+PCR.&rft.au=Zhong%2C+C+X%3BMass%2C+M+J&rft.aulast=Zhong&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-07-06&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-09-13 N1 - Date created - 2001-08-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Genetic sequence - AQ936564; GENBANK; AQ936563; AQ936562; AQ936568; AQ936567; AQ936566; AQ936565; AQ936569 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Urinary cadmium elimination as a biomarker of exposure for evaluating a cadmium dietary exposure--biokinetics model. AN - 71048551; 11471865 AB - The Cadmium Dietary Exposure Model (CDEM) utilizes national survey data on food cadmium concentrations and food consumption patterns to estimate dietary intakes in the U.S. population. The CDEM has been linked to a modification of the cadmium biokinetic model of Kjellström and Nordlberg (KNM) to derive predictions of kidney and urinary cadmium that reflect U.S. dietary cadmium intake and related variability. Variability in dietary cadmium intake was propagated through the KNM using a Monte Carlo approach. The model predicts a mean peak kidney cadmium burden of approximately 3.5 mg and a 5th-95th percentile range of 2.2-5.1 mg in males. The corresponding peak renal cortex cadmium concentration in males is 15 microg/g wet cortex (10-22, 5th-95th percentile). Predicted kidney cadmium levels in females were higher than males: 5.1 (3.3-7.6) mg total kidney, 29 (19-43) microg/g wet cortex. Predicted urinary cadmium in males and females agreed with empirical estimates based on the NHANES III, with females predicted and observed to excrete approximately twice the amount of cadmium in urine than males. An explanation for the higher urinary cadmium excretion in females is proposed that is consistent with the NHANES III data as well as experimental studies in humans and animals. Females may absorb a larger fraction of ingested dietary cadmium than males, and this difference may be the result of lower iron body stores in females compared to males. This would suggest that females may be at greater risk of developing cadmium toxicity than males. The predicted 5th-95th percentile values for peak kidney cadmium burden are approximately 60% of the peak kidney burden (8-11 mg) predicted for a chronic intake at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) chronic reference dose of 1 microg/kg-d. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A AU - Choudhury, H AU - Harvey, T AU - Thayer, W C AU - Lockwood, T F AU - Stiteler, W M AU - Goodrum, P E AU - Hassett, J M AU - Diamond, G L AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. Y1 - 2001/07/06/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jul 06 SP - 321 EP - 350 VL - 63 IS - 5 SN - 1528-7394, 1528-7394 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - Cadmium KW - 00BH33GNGH KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Aging -- metabolism KW - Kidney -- metabolism KW - Sex Factors KW - Humans KW - Algorithms KW - Biomarkers -- urine KW - Child KW - Monte Carlo Method KW - Models, Biological KW - Risk Assessment KW - Child, Preschool KW - Infant KW - Adult KW - Databases, Factual KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Female KW - Cadmium -- urine KW - Diet KW - Cadmium -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71048551?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+A&rft.atitle=Urinary+cadmium+elimination+as+a+biomarker+of+exposure+for+evaluating+a+cadmium+dietary+exposure--biokinetics+model.&rft.au=Choudhury%2C+H%3BHarvey%2C+T%3BThayer%2C+W+C%3BLockwood%2C+T+F%3BStiteler%2C+W+M%3BGoodrum%2C+P+E%3BHassett%2C+J+M%3BDiamond%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Choudhury&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2001-07-06&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=321&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+A&rft.issn=15287394&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-08-09 N1 - Date created - 2001-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental stage sensitivity and mode of action information for androgen agonists and antagonists AN - 18101924; 5171326 AB - The response from exposure to a toxic agent during development may vary depending on the dose, time of exposure and the mode of action. The mode of action and developmental stage sensitivity are established only for a limited number of chemical classes. Some aspects of developmental stage sensitivity that appear to affect the response to androgen agonists and antagonists are the levels and distribution of endogenous androgens and the androgen receptor at particular times during development. This information is summarized and discussed as it relates to two critical windows of development: the period of male reproductive tract differentiation, and the peripubertal period when male sexual maturation occurs. Developmental stage sensitivity and mode of action data for the androgen antagonist vinclozolin are reviewed. Vinclozolin acts by binding to and activating the androgen receptor and affects a number of endpoints of reproductive tract differentiation as well as pubertal maturation. Approaches to incorporating mode of action, developmental stage sensitivity, and dose/potency information into risk assessment, as well as the additional data needed for using mode of action information, both qualitatively and quantitatively, in risk assessment are discussed. These issues are also considered in the context of combining the risks of exposure to two or more chemicals with similar modes of action. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Euling, SY AU - Kimmel, CA AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment (8623D), Ariel Rios Bldg., 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA, euling.susan@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/07/02/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jul 02 SP - 103 EP - 113 VL - 274 IS - 1-3 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - developmental stages KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Androgen receptors KW - Vinclozolin KW - Reviews KW - Drug sensitivity testing KW - Reproductive organs KW - Puberty KW - Androgens KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18101924?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Developmental+stage+sensitivity+and+mode+of+action+information+for+androgen+agonists+and+antagonists&rft.au=Euling%2C+SY%3BKimmel%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Euling&rft.aufirst=SY&rft.date=2001-07-02&rft.volume=274&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Thematic Issue: Toxicology and Risk Assessment Approaches. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Androgens; Reproductive organs; Puberty; Reviews; Androgen receptors; Drug sensitivity testing; Vinclozolin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sensitivity analysis and evaluation of microFacCO: a microscale motor vehicle emission factor model for CO emissions. AN - 71378420; 15658226 AB - This paper presents a sensitivity analysis of a microscale emission factor model (MicroFacCO) for predicting real-time site-specific motor vehicle CO emissions to input variables, as well as a limited field study evaluation of the model. The sensitivity analysis has shown that MicroFacCO emission estimates are very sensitive to vehicle fleet composition, speed, and ambient temperature. For the present U.S. traffic fleet, the CO emission rate (g/mi) is increased by more than 500% at 5 mph in comparison with a speed greater than 40 mph and by approximately 67% at ambient temperatures of 45 degrees F and > or = 95 degrees F in comparison with an ambient temperature of 75 degrees F. The input variable "emission failure standard rate" is more sensitive to estimating emission rates in the 1990s than in the 2000s. The estimation of emission rates is not very sensitive to relative humidity. MicroFacCO can also be applied to examine the contribution of emission rates per vehicle class and model year. The model evaluation is presented for tunnel studies at five locations. In general, this evaluation study found good agreement between the measured and the modeled emissions. These analyses and evaluations have identified the need for additional studies to update the high-speed (>35 mph) air conditioning (A/C) correction factor and to add effects due to road grades. MicroFacCO emission estimates are very sensitive to the emission standard failure rate. Therefore, the model performance can be greatly improved by using a local emission standard failure rate. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995) AU - Singh, R B AU - Huber, A H AD - National Research Council Research Associate, National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. singh.rakesh@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - July 2001 SP - 1087 EP - 1099 VL - 51 IS - 7 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - 0 KW - Carbon Monoxide KW - 7U1EE4V452 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Algorithms KW - Forecasting KW - Risk Assessment KW - Carbon Monoxide -- analysis KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Vehicle Emissions -- analysis KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71378420?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.atitle=Sensitivity+analysis+and+evaluation+of+microFacCO%3A+a+microscale+motor+vehicle+emission+factor+model+for+CO+emissions.&rft.au=Singh%2C+R+B%3BHuber%2C+A+H&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1087&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-02-09 N1 - Date created - 2005-01-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In search of representativeness: evolving the environmental data quality model. AN - 71368168; 12553081 AB - Environmental regulatory policy states a goal of "sound science." The practice of good science is founded on the systematic identification and management of uncertainties; i.e., knowledge gaps that compromise our ability to make accurate predictions. Predicting the consequences of decisions about risk and risk reduction at contaminated sites requires an accurate model of the nature and extent of site contamination, which in turn requires measuring contaminant concentrations in complex environmental matrices. Perfecting analytical tests to perform those measurements has consumed tremendous regulatory attention for the past 20-30 years. Yet, despite great improvements in environmental analytical capability, complaints about inadequate data quality still abound. This paper argues that the first generation data quality model that equated environmental data quality with analytical quality was a useful starting point, but it is insufficient because it is blind to the repercussions of multifaceted issues collectively termed "representativeness." To achieve policy goals of "sound science" in environmental restoration projects, the environmental data quality model must be updated to recognize and manage the uncertainties involved in generating representative data from heterogeneous environmental matrices. JF - Quality assurance (San Diego, Calif.) AU - Crumbling, D M AD - U.S. EPA Technology Innovation Office, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20460, USA. crumbling.deana@epa.gov PY - 2001 SP - 179 EP - 190 VL - 9 IS - 3-4 SN - 1052-9411, 1052-9411 KW - Hazardous Waste KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Total Quality Management KW - Organizational Objectives KW - Public Policy KW - Quality Control KW - Models, Organizational KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- organization & administration KW - Environmental Monitoring -- standards KW - Research Design -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71368168?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.atitle=In+search+of+representativeness%3A+evolving+the+environmental+data+quality+model.&rft.au=Crumbling%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Crumbling&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.issn=10529411&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-11 N1 - Date created - 2003-01-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The importance of a successful Quality Assurance (QA) program from a research manager's perspective. AN - 71367967; 12553080 AB - One responsibility of an EPA research manager is to ensure that data from research projects are acquired, processed, and reported in accordance with Quality Assurance (QA) requirements established by the Agency. To meet this responsibility, the research manager should understand Agency QA requirements, require an appropriate, effective Quality Assurance program to ensure that data are of known and acceptable quality for the intended use of the data, and provide support, guidance, and oversight to principal investigators in meeting QA requirements. In addition, the effectiveness of the QA effort can be enhanced if the research manager 1) ensures that principal investigators and other managers are aware that QA is viewed as an essential, integrated component of the research programs; 2) provides adequate resources (people and money) to support an effective Quality Assurance program; 3) encourages cooperative, productive interactions between researchers and Quality Assurance professionals; and 4) maintains oversight so that issues that have the potential for adversely affecting research and Quality Assurance objectives can be negotiated and corrected quickly. This presentation will discuss the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division's Quality Assurance program and the approaches used to meet Quality Assurance requirements in the Division. The presentation will be a technical manager's perspective of the Division's requirements for and approach to Quality Assurance in its research programs. The presentation will include the design of the QA Team, the roles of members of the QA Team, training and technical aids provided by the QA Team to promote understanding of and adherence to Agency QA requirements, the interactions of the QA Team members with principal investigators, and examples of effective conflict resolution. JF - Quality assurance (San Diego, Calif.) AU - Ponder, W H AD - Technical Services Branch, EPA/ORD/NRMRL/APPCD, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. ponder.wade@epa.gov PY - 2001 SP - 173 EP - 178 VL - 9 IS - 3-4 SN - 1052-9411, 1052-9411 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Air Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Humans KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- organization & administration KW - Environmental Monitoring -- standards KW - Research Design -- standards KW - Total Quality Management -- organization & administration KW - Quality Control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71367967?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.atitle=The+importance+of+a+successful+Quality+Assurance+%28QA%29+program+from+a+research+manager%27s+perspective.&rft.au=Ponder%2C+W+H&rft.aulast=Ponder&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.issn=10529411&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-11 N1 - Date created - 2003-01-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Peripheral versus central muscarinic effects on blood pressure, cardiac contractility, heart rate, and body temperature in the rat monitored by radiotelemetry. AN - 71069203; 11484908 AB - Our laboratory has found that the organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos elicits an elevation in blood pressure that persists for approximately 24 hr after exposure. Since organophosphate pesticides inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity and cause cholinergic stimulation in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues, we suspect that the hypertensive response from chlorpyrifos is elicited by activation of pressor areas in the brain stem, specifically muscarinic receptors which are known to mediate hypertensive responses. Oxotremorine, a muscarinic agonist, should elicit a blood pressure response similar to organophosphate pesticides. This study used radiotelemetry to assess the effects of oxotremorine on blood pressure, heart rate, core temperature, QA interval (a measure of cardiac contractility), and motor activity in the male, Long-Evans rat. Subcutaneous co-administration of 0.2 mg/kg oxotremorine with 1.0 mg/kg methyl scopolamine (i.e., to block oxotremorine's peripheral effects) caused a marked elevation in blood pressure that developed concomitantly with a 2 degrees decrease in core temperature, 60 beats/min. increase in heart rate, increase in cardiac contractility but no change in motor activity. Overall, blood pressure increased by 19 mmHg from baseline and the response persisted for approximately 12 hr after injection. Methyl scopolamine alone increased heart rate but had no effect on blood pressure, core temperature, and motor activity. Oxotremorine injected without methyl scopolamine led to a relatively minor increase in blood pressure and hypothermia. Overall, central muscarinic stimulation with oxotremorine and methyl scopolamine leads to a vigorous hypertensive response that is associated with increased cardiac contractility, suggesting an increase in cardiac output. Combined central and peripheral cholinergic stimulation following oxotremorine without methyl scopolamine, as would also occur with exposure to chlorpyrifos and other organophosphate pesticides, did not elicit as much of a hypertensive response. This would suggest pathways other than those controlled directly with muscarinic receptors are operative in the development of chlorpyrifos-induced hypertension. JF - Pharmacology & toxicology AU - Smith, E C AU - Padnos, B AU - Cordon, C J AD - Norfolk State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia 23504-8060, USA. smith.edward@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - July 2001 SP - 35 EP - 42 VL - 89 IS - 1 SN - 0901-9928, 0901-9928 KW - Muscarinic Agonists KW - 0 KW - Muscarinic Antagonists KW - Parasympatholytics KW - Oxotremorine KW - 5RY0UWH1JL KW - N-Methylscopolamine KW - VDR09VTQ8U KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - N-Methylscopolamine -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Rats, Long-Evans KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Telemetry KW - Parasympatholytics -- pharmacology KW - Muscarinic Antagonists -- pharmacology KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Heart Rate -- drug effects KW - Oxotremorine -- pharmacology KW - Muscarinic Agonists -- pharmacology KW - Myocardial Contraction -- drug effects KW - Blood Pressure -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71069203?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacology+%26+toxicology&rft.atitle=Peripheral+versus+central+muscarinic+effects+on+blood+pressure%2C+cardiac+contractility%2C+heart+rate%2C+and+body+temperature+in+the+rat+monitored+by+radiotelemetry.&rft.au=Smith%2C+E+C%3BPadnos%2C+B%3BCordon%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacology+%26+toxicology&rft.issn=09019928&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-18 N1 - Date created - 2001-08-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ stabilization of soil lead using phosphorus. AN - 71054990; 11476498 AB - In situ stabilization of Pb-contaminated soils can be accomplished by adding phosphorus. The standard remediation procedure of soil removal and replacement currently used in residential areas is costly and disruptive. This study was carried out to evaluate the influence of P and other soil amendments on five metal-contaminated soils and mine wastes. Seven treatments were used: unamended control; 2,500 mg of P/kg as triple superphosphate (TSP), phosphate rock (PR), acetic acid followed by TSP, and phosphoric acid (PA); and 5,000 mg of P/kg as TSP or PR. A significant reduction in bioavailable Pb, as determined by the physiologically based extraction test (PBET), compared with the control upon addition of P was observed in all materials tested. Increasing the amount of P added from 2,500 to 5,000 mg/kg also resulted in a significantly greater reduction in bioavailable Pb. Phosphate rock was equally or more effective than TSP or PA in reducing bioavailable Pb in four out of five soils tested. Preacidification produced significantly lower bioavailable Pb compared with the same amount of P from TSP or PR in only one material. Reductions in Pb bioavailability as measured by PBET were evident 3 d after treatment, and it may indicate that the reactions between soil Pb and P occurred in situ or during the PBET. No further reductions were noted over 365 d. X-ray diffraction data suggested the formation of pyromorphite-like minerals induced by P additions. This study suggests that P addition reduced bioavailable Pb by PBET and has potential for in situ remediation of Pb-contaminated soils. JF - Journal of environmental quality AU - Hettiarachchi, G M AU - Pierzynski, G M AU - Ransom, M D AD - Remediation and Containment Branch, National Risk Management Research Lab, USEPA, Cincinnati, OH 45224-1702, USA. hettiarachchi.ganga@epa.gov PY - 2001 SP - 1214 EP - 1221 VL - 30 IS - 4 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Phosphorus KW - 27YLU75U4W KW - Lead KW - 2P299V784P KW - Index Medicus KW - X-Ray Diffraction KW - Refuse Disposal KW - Mining KW - Biological Availability KW - Phosphorus -- chemistry KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Lead -- chemistry KW - Phosphorus -- pharmacokinetics KW - Lead -- pharmacokinetics KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71054990?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.atitle=In+situ+stabilization+of+soil+lead+using+phosphorus.&rft.au=Hettiarachchi%2C+G+M%3BPierzynski%2C+G+M%3BRansom%2C+M+D&rft.aulast=Hettiarachchi&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1214&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-05 N1 - Date created - 2001-07-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dose response for UV-induced immune suppression in people of color: differences based on erythemal reactivity rather than skin pigmentation. AN - 71031658; 11460543 AB - Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is known to suppress immune responses in human subjects. The purpose of this study was to develop dose responses across a broad range of skin pigmentation in order to facilitate risk assessment. UVR was administered using FS 20 bulbs. Skin pigmentation and UVR sensitivity were evaluated using Fitzpatrick classifications, minimal erythemal dose (MED), slope of the erythemal dose response curve (sED), baseline pigmentation and tanning response. To assess immune responses dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) was applied to irradiated buttock skin 72 h after irradiation. Two weeks later DNCB was applied to the inside upper arm. Skin thickness was measured before and after challenge. Dose response was modeled (to obtain a regression line) for the entire group of 185 subjects. With the exception of sED none of the above-mentioned pigmentation indicators contributed significantly to variability around the regression line. Thus, differences in sensitivity for multiple skin types based on Fitzpatrick classification or MED were not observed. However, differences in immune sensitivity to UVR were detected between subjects with steep erythemal dose response curves and those with moderate or flat responses. For subjects with steep erythemal responses the dose calculated to suppress the immune response by 50% was 114 mJ/cm2. This group included individuals with Fitzpatrick skin types I-V, MED for these subjects ranged from 30 to 80 mJ/cm2. The 50% suppression dose for subjects with weak or no erythemal response could not be computed (the dose response was flat). This resistant group included subjects with skin types IV-VI and MED for these subjects ranged from 41 to > 105 mJ/cm2. This study provides a human dose response for UVR suppression of contact sensitivity that will be useful in risk assessment. It is the first study to provide this information using the FS sun lamp and is the first study to include people of color. The sED appears to be a new variable for identifying sensitive subjects at risk of UVR-induced immune suppression. JF - Photochemistry and photobiology AU - Selgrade, M K AU - Smith, M V AU - Oberhelman-Bragg, L J AU - LeVee, G J AU - Koren, H S AU - Cooper, K D AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA. Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - July 2001 SP - 88 EP - 95 VL - 74 IS - 1 SN - 0031-8655, 0031-8655 KW - Index Medicus KW - Erythema -- etiology KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Photobiology KW - Middle Aged KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Female KW - Risk Assessment KW - Immune Tolerance -- radiation effects KW - Ultraviolet Rays -- adverse effects KW - Skin Pigmentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71031658?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Photochemistry+and+photobiology&rft.atitle=Dose+response+for+UV-induced+immune+suppression+in+people+of+color%3A+differences+based+on+erythemal+reactivity+rather+than+skin+pigmentation.&rft.au=Selgrade%2C+M+K%3BSmith%2C+M+V%3BOberhelman-Bragg%2C+L+J%3BLeVee%2C+G+J%3BKoren%2C+H+S%3BCooper%2C+K+D&rft.aulast=Selgrade&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=88&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Photochemistry+and+photobiology&rft.issn=00318655&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-08-16 N1 - Date created - 2001-07-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Extraction of organic contaminants from marine sediments and tissues using microwave energy. AN - 70988198; 11444299 AB - In this study, we compared microwave solvent extraction (MSE) to conventional methods for extracting organic contaminants from marine sediments and tissues with high and varying moisture content. The organic contaminants measured were polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners, chlorinated pesticides, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Initial experiments were conducted on dry standard reference materials (SRMs) and field collected marine sediments. Moisture content in samples greatly influenced the recovery of the analytes of interest. When wet sediments were included in a sample batch, low recoveries were often encountered in other samples in the batch, including the dry SRM. Experiments were conducted to test the effect of standardizing the moisture content in all samples in a batch prior to extraction. SRM1941a (marine sediment). SRM1974a (mussel tissue), as well as QA96SED6 (marine sediment), and QA96TIS7 (marine tissue), both from 1996 NIST Intercalibration Exercise were extracted using microwave and conventional methods. Moisture levels were adjusted in SRMs to match those of marine sediment and tissue samples before microwave extraction. The results demonstrated that it is crucial to standardize the moisture content in all samples, including dry reference material to ensure good recovery of organic contaminants. MSE yielded equivalent or superior recoveries compared to conventional methods for the majority of the compounds evaluated. The advantages of MSE over conventional methods are reduced solvent usage, higher sample throughput and the elimination of halogenated solvent usage. JF - Chemosphere AU - Jayaraman, S AU - Pruell, R J AU - McKinney, R AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA. Jayaraman.Saro@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - July 2001 SP - 181 EP - 191 VL - 44 IS - 2 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Geologic Sediments -- chemistry KW - Microwaves KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- analysis KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- analysis KW - Insecticides -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70988198?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Extraction+of+organic+contaminants+from+marine+sediments+and+tissues+using+microwave+energy.&rft.au=Jayaraman%2C+S%3BPruell%2C+R+J%3BMcKinney%2C+R&rft.aulast=Jayaraman&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-04 N1 - Date created - 2001-07-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A screening model-based study of transport fluxes and fate of airborne mercury deposited onto catchment areas. AN - 70984942; 11444316 AB - Dynamics of airborne mercury deposited onto catchment areas is investigated within the framework of a simulation model. Model results show that, for a particular atmospheric deposition rate, significant interannual variability in mercury transport flux in catchments is caused by climatology and corresponding differences in catchment soil loss rates; in comparison to the normal year, runoff flux increased by a factor of 2-3 for the wet year (rainfall 35% above normal) while for the dry year (rainfall 18% below normal) runoff flux decreased by factors of 5-7. The interaction of parameters describing soil type, topography and vegetation cover causes variability in both transport and emission fluxes among catchments; as soil loss rate increases by a factor of 5 due to variations in these parameters among the examined catchments, annual average transport flux increases by a factor of 3; and annual average emission flux of mercury (as Hg0) from soil to the atmosphere decreases by a factor of 2 due to the decreased levels of soil mercury associated with catchment soil loss increases. Seasonal variability of transport flux is associated with seasonal changes in precipitation and soil loss rates while seasonal changes of emission flux are primarily due to changes in soil moisture regime and temperature. Although modeled results are consistent with observational data from previous studies, they must be interpreted in a relative sense due to the screening-level character of this study. JF - Chemosphere AU - Tsiros, I X AD - National Research Council, National Exposure Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, GA 30605, USA. itsiros@otenet.gr Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - July 2001 SP - 99 EP - 107 VL - 44 IS - 2 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Index Medicus KW - Geological Phenomena KW - Seasons KW - Climate KW - Temperature KW - Plants KW - Geology KW - Rain KW - Air Movements KW - Mercury -- analysis KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70984942?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=A+screening+model-based+study+of+transport+fluxes+and+fate+of+airborne+mercury+deposited+onto+catchment+areas.&rft.au=Tsiros%2C+I+X&rft.aulast=Tsiros&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-04 N1 - Date created - 2001-07-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Heat shock proteins Hsp70-1 and Hsp70-3 Are necessary and sufficient to prevent arsenite-induced dysmorphology in mouse embryos. AN - 70965474; 11424214 AB - Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) represent a variety of protein families that are induced by stressors such as heat and toxicants, and the induction of HSPs in the organogenesis stage rodent embryo is well established. It has been proposed that thermotolerance and chemotolerance result from expression of the HSPs. However, whether these proteins function to prevent dysmorphogenesis and which family members serve this function are unknown. Therefore, we evaluated the specific ability of stress-inducible Hsp70-1 and Hsp70-3 to prevent arsenite-induced dysmorphology in the cultured mouse embryo using gain- and loss-of-function models. Loss of HSP function was accomplished by injecting antisense oligonucleotides directed against hsp70-1 and hsp 70-3 mRNAs into the amniotic cavity of cultured Day 9 mouse embryos. Suppression of hsp70-1 and hsp70-3 expression resulted in an up to six-fold increase in the incidence of arsenite-induced neural tube defects. Gain of HSP function was accomplished by microinjecting a transgene with a constitutive promotor driving expression of the hsp70-1 coding region, and resulted in a decreased incidence of arsenite-induced neural tube defects. These results indicate that Hsp70-1 and Hsp70-3 are both necessary and sufficient for preventing arsenite-induced dysmorphology in early-somite staged mouse embryos. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 59:285-293, 2001. Copyright 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - Molecular reproduction and development AU - Hunter, E S AU - Dix, D J AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - July 2001 SP - 285 EP - 293 VL - 59 IS - 3 SN - 1040-452X, 1040-452X KW - Arsenites KW - 0 KW - Cation Exchange Resins KW - HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins KW - Indicators and Reagents KW - Lipids KW - Lipofectamine KW - Oligonucleotides, Antisense KW - Teratogens KW - RNA Polymerase II KW - EC 2.7.7.- KW - arsenite KW - N5509X556J KW - Index Medicus KW - RNA Polymerase II -- pharmacology KW - RNA Polymerase II -- metabolism KW - Immunoblotting KW - Cation Exchange Resins -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Indicators and Reagents -- pharmacology KW - Lipids -- pharmacology KW - Oligonucleotides, Antisense -- pharmacology KW - Mice KW - Microinjections KW - HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins -- metabolism KW - HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins -- genetics KW - Arsenites -- pharmacology KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- abnormalities KW - Morphogenesis -- physiology KW - Morphogenesis -- drug effects KW - Teratogens -- pharmacology KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70965474?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+reproduction+and+development&rft.atitle=Heat+shock+proteins+Hsp70-1+and+Hsp70-3+Are+necessary+and+sufficient+to+prevent+arsenite-induced+dysmorphology+in+mouse+embryos.&rft.au=Hunter%2C+E+S%3BDix%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Hunter&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+reproduction+and+development&rft.issn=1040452X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-10-25 N1 - Date created - 2001-06-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Redox redux: a closer look at conceptal low molecular weight thiols. AN - 70919344; 11399785 JF - Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Rogers, J M AU - Hunter, E S AD - Developmental Biology Branch, Reproductive Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. rogers.john@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - July 2001 SP - 1 EP - 3 VL - 62 IS - 1 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - Acetaminophen KW - 362O9ITL9D KW - Glutathione KW - GAN16C9B8O KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Reproduction -- physiology KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- embryology KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- physiology KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- metabolism KW - Species Specificity KW - Organ Culture Techniques KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- drug effects KW - Molecular Weight KW - Acetaminophen -- toxicity KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Glutathione -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70919344?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+sciences+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Redox+redux%3A+a+closer+look+at+conceptal+low+molecular+weight+thiols.&rft.au=Rogers%2C+J+M%3BHunter%2C+E+S&rft.aulast=Rogers&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+sciences+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-08-16 N1 - Date created - 2001-06-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods for the spiral Salmonella mutagenicity assay including specialized applications. AN - 70908049; 11397652 AB - An automated approach to bacterial mutagenicity testing - the spiral Salmonella assay - was developed to simplify testing and to reduce the labor and materials required to generate dose-responsive mutagenicity information. This document provides the reader with an overview of the spiral assay and a discussion of its application for examining the mutagenic potential of pure compounds, complex environmental mixtures, and interactive effects. Guidelines for performing a routine spiral assay are presented, and alternative test methods intended to overcome a variety of technical difficulties (such as restricted sample availability, sample viscosity or volatility, etc.) are recommended. Methods for the computerized analysis of data and the interpretation of results are discussed. JF - Mutation research AU - Claxton, L D AU - Houk, V S AU - Warren, S AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. claxton.larry@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - July 2001 SP - 241 EP - 257 VL - 488 IS - 3 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Culture Media KW - 0 KW - Indicators and Reagents KW - Mutagens KW - Index Medicus KW - Osmolar Concentration KW - Software KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Safety KW - Automation KW - Mutagens -- pharmacology KW - Genes, Bacterial -- drug effects KW - Mutagens -- administration & dosage KW - Rats KW - Genotype KW - Equipment Design KW - Biotransformation KW - Mutagens -- metabolism KW - Microsomes, Liver -- enzymology KW - Bacteriological Techniques -- instrumentation KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- methods KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- drug effects KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- growth & development KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- genetics KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70908049?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Methods+for+the+spiral+Salmonella+mutagenicity+assay+including+specialized+applications.&rft.au=Claxton%2C+L+D%3BHouk%2C+V+S%3BWarren%2C+S&rft.aulast=Claxton&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=488&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-08-09 N1 - Date created - 2001-06-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of methylmercury on ontogeny of prey capture ability and growth in three populations of larval Fundulus heteroclitus. AN - 70896932; 11385589 AB - We used three populations of mummichogs (Fundulus heteroclitus), one from a polluted site (Piles Creek [PC], New Jersey) and two from cleaner sites (Tuckerton [TK], New Jersey, and East Hampton [EH], New York), to study (1) whether embryonic, embryonic plus larval, or larval exposure to methylmercury (MeHg) altered larval prey capture ability and growth; and (2) whether there were differences in tolerance to MeHg-induced behavioral changes among the three populations. Eggs and sperm were obtained from mummichogs captured in the field, and their embryos and larvae were kept in clean sea water or MeHg solution (5, 10 microg/L). Larvae were then tested regularly for prey capture rates and prey capture efficiencies, and their lengths were measured. Embryonic exposure to MeHg induced transitory and recoverable impairments in larval prey capture ability, whereas larval exposure alone was relatively ineffective. When both embryos and larvae were treated, larval prey capture ability was affected at a lower concentration and a wider range of larval ages. In terms of growth and prey capture ability, response of larvae to embryonic or larval or exposure to both stages to MeHg varied with populations. TK fish were the most tolerant with respect to behavioral changes but were the most sensitive to MeHg in reduction of growth. EH fish were the most sensitive whenever embryos were treated, and PC fish were the most vulnerable after larval exposure. The population differences in response to MeHg intoxication may be due to pollution related factors or differences in behavioral-related genetic factors. JF - Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Zhou, T AU - Scali, R AU - Weis, J S AD - Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA. zhou.toug@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - July 2001 SP - 47 EP - 54 VL - 41 IS - 1 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Methylmercury Compounds KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Diet KW - Embryo, Nonmammalian KW - Larva -- growth & development KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- adverse effects KW - Killifishes -- physiology KW - Methylmercury Compounds -- adverse effects KW - Feeding Behavior -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70896932?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+methylmercury+on+ontogeny+of+prey+capture+ability+and+growth+in+three+populations+of+larval+Fundulus+heteroclitus.&rft.au=Zhou%2C+T%3BScali%2C+R%3BWeis%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-07-12 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trace metal loading on water-borne soil and dust particles characterized through the use of split-flow thin-cell fractionation AN - 52185672; 2001-068563 AB - The fate and transport of metallic pollutants through a watershed are related to the characteristics of undissolved solid particles to which they are bound. Removal of these particles and their associated pollutants via engineered structures such as settling ponds is one goal of stormwater management. Because the particles most often implicated in metal pollution have nominal diameters of <50 mu m, Split-flow thin-cell (SPLITT) fractionation was investigated to study the metal loading as a function of particle settling rate. Several diverse particle samples-soil, urban dust, and parking deck sweepings-were fractionated using this technique, and the metal loadings were quantified with inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry. Implications for stormwater management are discussed. JF - Analytical Chemistry (Washington, DC) AU - Magnuson, Matthew L AU - Kelty, Catherine A AU - Kelty, Keith C Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - July 2001 SP - 3492 EP - 3496 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 73 IS - 14 SN - 0003-2700, 0003-2700 KW - soils KW - settling KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - characterization KW - water management KW - pollution KW - mass spectra KW - techniques KW - stormwater KW - emission spectra KW - split-flow thin-cell fractionation KW - ICP mass spectra KW - quantitative analysis KW - SPLITT technique KW - metals KW - dust KW - sediments KW - spectra KW - trace elements KW - particles KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52185672?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%2C+DC%29&rft.atitle=Trace+metal+loading+on+water-borne+soil+and+dust+particles+characterized+through+the+use+of+split-flow+thin-cell+fractionation&rft.au=Magnuson%2C+Matthew+L%3BKelty%2C+Catherine+A%3BKelty%2C+Keith+C&rft.aulast=Magnuson&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=3492&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%2C+DC%29&rft.issn=00032700&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jhome/38876 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - characterization; clastic sediments; dust; emission spectra; ICP mass spectra; mass spectra; metals; particles; pollutants; pollution; quantitative analysis; sediments; settling; soils; spectra; split-flow thin-cell fractionation; SPLITT technique; stormwater; techniques; trace elements; water management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effectiveness of an anaerobic granular activated carbon fluidized-bed bioreactor to treat soil wash fluids; a proposed strategy for remediating PCP/PAH contaminated soils AN - 51523680; 2006-086413 JF - Water Research (Oxford) AU - Koran, K M AU - Suidan, M, T AU - Khodadoust, A P AU - Sorial, G A AU - Brenner, R C Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - July 2001 SP - 2363 EP - 2371 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 35 IS - 10 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - soils KW - buffers KW - reclamation KW - pollution KW - fluid phase KW - solution KW - soil washing KW - remediation KW - gas chromatography KW - phenols KW - organic compounds KW - granular materials KW - carbon KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51523680?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Effectiveness+of+an+anaerobic+granular+activated+carbon+fluidized-bed+bioreactor+to+treat+soil+wash+fluids%3B+a+proposed+strategy+for+remediating+PCP%2FPAH+contaminated+soils&rft.au=Koran%2C+K+M%3BSuidan%2C+M%2C+T%3BKhodadoust%2C+A+P%3BSorial%2C+G+A%3BBrenner%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Koran&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2363&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00431354 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WATRAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; aromatic hydrocarbons; buffers; carbon; chemical composition; fluid phase; gas chromatography; geochemistry; granular materials; hydrocarbons; organic compounds; phenols; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; reclamation; remediation; soil washing; soils; solution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Suppression of Allergic Immune Responses to House Dust Mite (HDM) in Rats Exposed to 2,3,7,8-TCDD AN - 18662696; 5567170 AB - Exposure to various xenobiotics, including oxidant gases, diesel exhaust, and certain pesticides, has been reported to exacerbate pulmonary allergic hypersensitivity responses. Increased lymphocyte proliferative responses to parasite antigens or increased antibody responses to sheep erythrocyte have also been reported in rats exposed to TCDD before infection or immunization. As a result, these studies were conducted to test the hypothesis that TCDD exposure exacerbates the allergic response to house dust mite antigen. Brown Norway rats were injected, ip, with 0, 1, 10, or 30 mu g TCDD/kg 7 days before intratracheal (it) sensitization to semipurified house dust mite allergen (HDM). Fourteen days later, rats were challenged with HDM and immediate bronchospasm was measured. At this time point, plus 2 and 7 days later, inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), HDM-specific IgE levels in serum, and HDM-driven cell proliferation in bronchial lymph nodes and spleen were evaluated. TCDD exposure decreased both immediate bronchoconstriction and specific IgE synthesis after the HDM challenge; 7 days later, HDM-specific IgE responses remained suppressed. Total serum IgE levels were similar in all groups. HDM challenge alone significantly increased cellular and biochemical indicators of lung injury, both of which were suppressed by TCDD exposure. The proliferative response of lymph node cells, but not of spleen cells, to HDM was also suppressed at the highest TCDD dose, although the splenic response to Concanavalin A was elevated. It appears that early events in the response to HDM are affected by TCDD exposure, since message for IL5 was dramatically reduced 2 days after sensitization, but not after challenge. We therefore conclude that TCDD exposure suppressed, rather than enhanced the development of allergic immune responses and the expression of immune-mediated lung disease. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Luebke, R W AU - Copeland, C B AU - Daniels, M AU - Lambert, AL AU - Gilmour, MI AD - Experimental Toxicology Division, NHEERL, ORD, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - Jul 2001 SP - 71 EP - 79 VL - 62 IS - 1 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - house dust mite KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24155:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18662696?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Suppression+of+Allergic+Immune+Responses+to+House+Dust+Mite+%28HDM%29+in+Rats+Exposed+to+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-TCDD&rft.au=Luebke%2C+R+W%3BCopeland%2C+C+B%3BDaniels%2C+M%3BLambert%2C+AL%3BGilmour%2C+MI&rft.aulast=Luebke&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sediment chemical contamination and toxicity associated with a coastal golf course complex AN - 18190661; 5182050 AB - The increasing density of golf courses a potential source of sediment contamination to nearby coastal areas, the chemical and biological magnitude of which is almost unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the concentrations of contaminants and toxicities of sediments impacted by a coastal golf course complex. Sediment contaminant concentrations were determined at least twice during the two-year study period at 14 sampling stations. In addition, a combination of acute and chronic bioassays were conducted exposing four invertebrate test species to whole sediments and associated pore waters. Overall, the Florida, USA, golf course complex had a measurable impact on sediment chemical quality, particularly in near-field areas. Higher concentrations of several trace metals and organochlorine pesticides were detected in many golf course-associated sediments compared with reference areas; however, concentrations decreased seaward and only a few, primarily chlorinated pesticides, exceeded proposed sediment quality guidelines. Chromium, zinc, and mercury were detected more frequently than other trace metals. The DDT and associated metabolites, dieldrin and chlordane, were the more commonly detected organic contaminants. Acute toxicity was uncommon and occurred consistently for sediment collected from one coastal location. In contrast, chronic toxicity occurred at several study sites based on the response of Mysidopsis bahia. It was concluded that the impact of golf course runoff on sediment quality may be subtle and sensitive biological assessment methods, such as chronic toxicity tests, will be needed to detect adverse effects. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Lewis, MA AU - Foss, S S AU - Harris, P S AU - Stanley, R S AU - Moore, J C AD - US Environ. Protection Agency, Natl. Health and Environ. Effects Research Lab., Gulf Ecology Div., 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561-5299, USA, lewis.michael@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - Jul 2001 SP - 1390 EP - 1398 PB - SETAC Press VL - 20 IS - 7 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Golf courses KW - USA, Florida KW - chronic toxicity KW - golf courses KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Contamination KW - Recreation Facilities KW - Toxicity tests KW - Bioassay KW - Sediment Contamination KW - ASW, USA, Florida KW - Metals KW - Pesticides (see also Bactericides, Weedkillers) KW - Chromium KW - Dieldrin KW - Coastal waters KW - Coastal zone KW - Bioassays KW - DDT KW - Mercury KW - Toxicity (see also Lethal limits) KW - Toxicity testing KW - Runoff KW - Mysidopsis bahia KW - Water Pollution Sources KW - Sediment KW - Pollution effects KW - Invertebrates KW - Coastal Zone Management KW - Zinc KW - Chemical pollution KW - Chlorinated organic compounds KW - Sediment pollution KW - Chlordane KW - Pesticides (organochlorine) KW - Golf Courses KW - Coastal zone management KW - Sublethal effects KW - Pesticides KW - Contamination (see also Pollution) KW - Water quality (Natural waters) KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - X 24166:Environmental impact KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24136:Environmental impact UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18190661?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Sediment+chemical+contamination+and+toxicity+associated+with+a+coastal+golf+course+complex&rft.au=Lewis%2C+MA%3BFoss%2C+S+S%3BHarris%2C+P+S%3BStanley%2C+R+S%3BMoore%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1390&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment pollution; Metals; Chromium; Dieldrin; Pollution effects; Coastal waters; Toxicity tests; Coastal zone management; Bioassays; Sublethal effects; DDT; Zinc; Mercury; Chemical pollution; Chlordane; Pesticides (organochlorine); Coastal zone; Contamination; Pesticides; Toxicity testing; Chlorinated organic compounds; Pesticides (see also Bactericides, Weedkillers); Sediment; Contamination (see also Pollution); Toxicity (see also Lethal limits); Water quality (Natural waters); Coastal Zone Management; Water Pollution Sources; Sediment Contamination; Invertebrates; Recreation Facilities; Runoff; Golf Courses; Bioassay; Mysidopsis bahia; ASW, USA, Florida ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dry deposition and foliar leaching of mercury and selected trace elements in deciduous forest throughfall AN - 18092544; 5168934 AB - The estimated annual throughfall deposition flux of Hg in a northern mixed-hardwood forest in the Lake Huron Watershed was 10.5 plus or minus 1.0 mu g m super(- 2) compared to an annual precipitation Hg flux of 8.7 plus or minus 0.5 mu g m super(-2) (June 1996-June 1997). The source of this additional Hg in throughfall is often attributed to wash-off of dry deposition, but foliar leaching of Hg may also be important. To determine the influence of both dry deposition and foliar leaching of Hg and other elements in throughfall, we measured a suite of trace elements (Hg, Al, Mg, V, Mn, Cu, Zn, As, Rb, Sr, Cd, Ba, La, Ce, and Pb) in throughfall, precipitation, and ambient air samples from a northern mixed-hardwood forest. Based on a multiple linear regression model, dry deposition had the most important influence on Hg, Al, La, Ce, V, As, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb fluxes while foliar leaching strongly influenced Mg, Mn, Rb, Sr, and Ba fluxes in net throughfall. The Hg dry deposition flux was estimated using gaseous and aerosol Hg measurements and modeled deposition velocities. The calculated dry deposition flux ( similar to 12-14 mu g m super(-2)) of Hg to the canopy indicated that atmospheric deposition of Hg could easily account for all of the Hg deposited in net throughfall (1.9 plus or minus 0.1 mu g m super(-2)). Although there is a large uncertainty associated with these techniques, the modeling estimates indicate that atmospheric Hg may account for all of the Hg deposited in litterfall (11.4 plus or minus 2.8 mu g m super(- 2)). JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Rea, A W AU - Lindberg, SE AU - Keeler, G J AD - MD-56, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, rea.anne@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - Jul 2001 SP - 3453 EP - 3462 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 35 IS - 20 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - North America, Huron L. KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Leaching KW - Forests KW - Atmosphere KW - Trace elements KW - Air sampling KW - Mercury KW - Dry deposition KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18092544?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Dry+deposition+and+foliar+leaching+of+mercury+and+selected+trace+elements+in+deciduous+forest+throughfall&rft.au=Rea%2C+A+W%3BLindberg%2C+SE%3BKeeler%2C+G+J&rft.aulast=Rea&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=3453&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mercury; Trace elements; Forests; Dry deposition; Leaching; Atmosphere; Air sampling ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isoprene emission capacity for US tree species AN - 18077908; 5160806 AB - Isoprene emission capacity measurements are presented from 18 North American oak (Quercus) species and species from six other genera previously found to emit significant quantities of isoprene. Sampling was conducted at physiographically diverse locations in North Carolina, Central California, and Northern Oregon. Emissions from several sun leaves of each species were measured at or near standard conditions (leaf temperature of 30 degree C and photosynthetically active radiation of 1000 mu mol m super(-2) s super(-1)) using environmentally controlled cuvette systems and gas chromatography with reduction gas detectors. Species mean emission capacity ranged from 39 to 158 mu g C g super(-1) h super(-1) (mean of 86), or 22 to 79 nmol m super(-2) s super(-1) (mean of 44). These rates are 2-28 times higher than those previously reported from the same species, which were summarized in a recent study where isoprene emission rates were assigned based on published data and taxonomy. These discrepancies were attributed to differences in leaf environment during development, measurement technique (branch or plant enclosure versus leaf enclosure), and lack of environmental measurements associated with some of the earlier branch enclosure measurements. Mass-based emission capacities for 15 of 18 oak species, sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua), and poplars (Populus trichocarpa and P. deltoides) were within ranges used in current biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emission models, while measured rates for the remaining three oak species, Nyssa sylvatica, Platanus occidentalis, Robinia pseudoacacia, Salix nigra, and Populus hybrids (Populus trichocarpa x P. deltoides) were considerably higher. In addition, mean specific leaf mass of the oak species was 30% higher than assumed in current emission models. Emission rates reported here and in other recent studies support recent conclusions that isoprene emission capacities for sun leaves of high emitting species may be better represented by a value of 100 plus or minus 50 mu g C g super(-1) h super(-1) during hot summer conditions. We also find that intermediate isoprene emission rates previously suggested for some tree species may not represent their true emission capacities, and that broadleaf plant species may have either low (<1.0 mu g C g super(-1) h super(-1)) or very high ( similar to 100 mu g C g super(-1) h super(-1)) genetic capacity to emit isoprene when mature foliage is exposed to a high ambient temperature and light environment. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Geron, C AU - Harley, P AU - Guenther, A AD - National Risk Management Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, geron.chris@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - Jul 2001 SP - 3341 EP - 3352 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 35 IS - 19 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Sweetgum KW - Eastern cottonwood KW - Plains cottonwood KW - Oaks KW - isoprene KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Temperature KW - Populus trichocarpa KW - Emission measurements KW - Quercus KW - Populus deltoides KW - Liquidambar styraciflua KW - Seasonal variations KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18077908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Isoprene+emission+capacity+for+US+tree+species&rft.au=Geron%2C+C%3BHarley%2C+P%3BGuenther%2C+A&rft.aulast=Geron&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=3341&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Quercus; Liquidambar styraciflua; Populus deltoides; Populus trichocarpa; Seasonal variations; Emission measurements; Temperature; Volatile organic compounds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genotoxicity studies of three triazine herbicides: in vivo studies using the alkaline single cell gel (SCG) assay. AN - 71111409; 11516710 AB - Triazine herbicides are prevalent contaminants of groundwater in the agricultural regions of the United States. The literature on the genotoxicity of triazines is rife with conflicting data, though the general tendency is for most studies to report negative results. In order to investigate further the genotoxicity of triazines, we exposed mice to triazines by intraperitoneal injection up to the maximum tolerated doses. About 24h later, blood was removed, and the leukocytes subjected to DNA damage analysis using the alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis assay (SCG), one of the most sensitive DNA damage assays available. Our results indicate that atrazine induced a small dose-related increase in DNA damage. Simazine did not induce any dose-related increase in DNA damage. Cyanazine induced a marginal increase in DNA damage with dose, but no individual dose was significantly increased compared to the control. These results indicate that these triazines, even at extremely high concentrations, have only marginal DNA-damaging activity in vivo in mouse leukocytes. JF - Mutation research AU - Tennant, A H AU - Peng, B AU - Kligerman, A D AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 2001/06/27/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 27 SP - 1 EP - 10 VL - 493 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Herbicides KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Triazines KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Atrazine KW - QJA9M5H4IM KW - Simazine KW - SG0C34SMY3 KW - cyanazine KW - W34C4P18WD KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Triazines -- toxicity KW - Simazine -- administration & dosage KW - Atrazine -- administration & dosage KW - Simazine -- toxicity KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Electrophoresis, Agar Gel KW - Mice KW - Atrazine -- toxicity KW - Triazines -- administration & dosage KW - Female KW - Leukocytes -- drug effects KW - Herbicides -- administration & dosage KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- methods KW - DNA Damage KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Herbicides -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71111409?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Genotoxicity+studies+of+three+triazine+herbicides%3A+in+vivo+studies+using+the+alkaline+single+cell+gel+%28SCG%29+assay.&rft.au=Tennant%2C+A+H%3BPeng%2C+B%3BKligerman%2C+A+D&rft.aulast=Tennant&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-06-27&rft.volume=493&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-09-13 N1 - Date created - 2001-08-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oral treatment of Fischer 344 rats with weathered crude oil and a dispersant influences intestinal metabolism and microbiota. AN - 70969972; 11437062 AB - When oil is spilled into aquatic systems, chemical dispersants frequently are applied to enhance emulsification and biological availability. In this study, a mammalian model system was used to determine the effect of Bonnie Light Nigerian crude oil, weathered for 2 d with continuous spraying and recirculation, and a widely used dispersant, Corexit (Cx) 9527, on intestinal microbial metabolism and associated populations. To determine the subchronic dose, concentrated or diluted (1:2, 1:5, 1:10, 1:20) Cx9527 or oil was administered by gavage to Fischer 344 rats and the effect on body weight was determined. Next, rats were treated for 5 wk with oil, dispersant, or dispersant + oil. Body and tissue weights, urine mutagenicity, and the impact on the intestinal microflora and three microbial intestinal enzymes linked to bioactivation were determined in the small and large intestines and cecum. Two tested dispersants, Cx9527 and Cx9500, were toxic in vitro (1:1,000 dilution), and oil was not mutagenic in strains TA98 and TA100(+/-S9). None of the treated rats produced urine mutagens detected by TA98 or TA100. Undiluted dispersant was lethal to rats, and weight changes were observed depending on the dilution, whereas oil generally was not toxic. In the 5-wk study, body and tissue weights were unaffected at the doses administered. Small-intestinal levels of azoreductase (AR), beta-glucuronidase (BG), and nitroreductase (NR) were considerably lower than cecal and large-intestinal activities at the same time point. A temporal increase in AR activity was observed in control animals in the 3 tissues examined, and large-intestinal BG activity was elevated in 3-wk controls. No significant changes in cecal BG activity were observed. Oil- or dispersant-treated rats had mixed results with reduced activity at 3 wk and elevated activity at 5 wk compared to controls. However, when the dispersant was combined with oil at 3 wk, a reduction in activity was observed that was similar to that of dispersant alone. One-week nitroreductase activity in the small intestine and cecum was unaffected in the three treatment groups, but elevated activity was observed in the large intestines of animals treated with oil or dispersant. The effect of the combination dose was not significantly different from the control value. Due to experimental error, no 3- or 5-wk NR data were available. By 5 wk of treatment, enterobacteria and enterococci were eliminated from ceca of oil-treated rats. When oil was administered in combination with dispersant, an apparent protective effect was observed on the enterococci and lactose-fermenting and nonfermenting enterobacteria. A more detailed analysis at the species level revealed qualitative differences dependent on the treatment. This study suggests that prolonged exposure of mammals to oil, dispersant, or in combination impacts intestinal metabolism, which ultimately could lead to altered detoxification of oil constituents and coexposed toxicants. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A AU - George, S E AU - Nelson, G M AU - Kohan, M J AU - Warren, S H AU - Eischen, B T AU - Brooks, L R AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. george.elizabeth@ epa.gov Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 SP - 297 EP - 316 VL - 63 IS - 4 SN - 1528-7394, 1528-7394 KW - DNA Adducts KW - 0 KW - Lipids KW - Mutagens KW - Petroleum KW - Surface-Active Agents KW - corexit 9527 KW - 60617-06-3 KW - NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.6.- KW - azoreductase KW - Glucuronidase KW - EC 3.2.1.31 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Glucuronidase -- metabolism KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - DNA Adducts -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases -- metabolism KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Cecum -- microbiology KW - Male KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Petroleum -- toxicity KW - Intestines -- enzymology KW - Surface-Active Agents -- toxicity KW - Intestines -- metabolism KW - Intestines -- microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70969972?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+A&rft.atitle=Oral+treatment+of+Fischer+344+rats+with+weathered+crude+oil+and+a+dispersant+influences+intestinal+metabolism+and+microbiota.&rft.au=George%2C+S+E%3BNelson%2C+G+M%3BKohan%2C+M+J%3BWarren%2C+S+H%3BEischen%2C+B+T%3BBrooks%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=George&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+A&rft.issn=15287394&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-07-19 N1 - Date created - 2001-07-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Interpreting tracer data to forecast remedial performance AN - 39471663; 3604292 AU - Enfield, C AU - Wood, L AU - Brooks, M AU - Annable, M Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39471663?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Interpreting+tracer+data+to+forecast+remedial+performance&rft.au=Enfield%2C+C%3BWood%2C+L%3BBrooks%2C+M%3BAnnable%2C+M&rft.aulast=Enfield&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK; URL: www.shef.ac.uk/~gq2001 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Policy issues and trends within the EPA antimicrobial division AN - 39468198; 3605243 AU - Edwards, D Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39468198?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Policy+issues+and+trends+within+the+EPA+antimicrobial+division&rft.au=Edwards%2C+D&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Oil Chemists' Society, P.O. Box 3489, Champaign, IL 61826-3489, USA; phone: (217) 359-2344; fax: (217) 351-8091; URL: aocs.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Perchlorate: Case study on challenges to risk assessment procedures posed by endocrine disruption AN - 39449900; 3608723 AU - Jarabek, A M Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39449900?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Perchlorate%3A+Case+study+on+challenges+to+risk+assessment+procedures+posed+by+endocrine+disruption&rft.au=Jarabek%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Jarabek&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Airforce Research Laboratory, 2698 G. Street, Wright-Patterson AFB OH 45433-7604, USA; URL: www.hes.afrl.af.mil N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Regulations and guidelines for using animals in toxicology research AN - 39446984; 3602024 AU - Allen, J W Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39446984?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Regulations+and+guidelines+for+using+animals+in+toxicology+research&rft.au=Allen%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Environmental Mutagen Society, 11250 Roger Bacon Drive, Suite 8, Reston, VA 20190-5202; URL: www.ems.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Developmental immunotoxicity considerations in testing and risk assessment for children's health AN - 39419325; 3606154 AU - Kimmel, CA Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39419325?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Developmental+immunotoxicity+considerations+in+testing+and+risk+assessment+for+children%27s+health&rft.au=Kimmel%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Kimmel&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Society of Toxicology, 1767 Business Center Drive, Suite 302, Reston, VA 20190-5332, USA; URL: www.toxicology.org. Paper No. #314 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Mammalian screening assays for the detection of potential endocrine disrupting chemicals with an emphasis on males AN - 39406197; 3606080 AU - Gray, LE AU - Furr, J AU - Price, M G AU - Wolf, C J AU - Ostby, J S Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39406197?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Mammalian+screening+assays+for+the+detection+of+potential+endocrine+disrupting+chemicals+with+an+emphasis+on+males&rft.au=Gray%2C+LE%3BFurr%2C+J%3BPrice%2C+M+G%3BWolf%2C+C+J%3BOstby%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=LE&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Society of Toxicology, 1767 Business Center Drive, Suite 302, Reston, VA 20190-5332, USA; URL: www.toxicology.org. Paper No. #19 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Exposure of Americans to dioxins throughout the 20th century and beyond AN - 39404766; 3608725 AU - Lorber, M N Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39404766?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Exposure+of+Americans+to+dioxins+throughout+the+20th+century+and+beyond&rft.au=Lorber%2C+M+N&rft.aulast=Lorber&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Airforce Research Laboratory, 2698 G. Street, Wright-Patterson AFB OH 45433-7604, USA; URL: www.hes.afrl.af.mil N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Acute, intermediate and chronic toxicity values: Data gaps and implications for RfD uncertainty factors AN - 39404734; 3608718 AU - Hofmann, L Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39404734?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Acute%2C+intermediate+and+chronic+toxicity+values%3A+Data+gaps+and+implications+for+RfD+uncertainty+factors&rft.au=Hofmann%2C+L&rft.aulast=Hofmann&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Airforce Research Laboratory, 2698 G. Street, Wright-Patterson AFB OH 45433-7604, USA; URL: www.hes.afrl.af.mil N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - US EPA toxicologic studies of PM-associated metals AN - 39394145; 3608682 AU - Dye, J Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39394145?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=US+EPA+toxicologic+studies+of+PM-associated+metals&rft.au=Dye%2C+J&rft.aulast=Dye&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Health Effects Institute, 955 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; phone: 617-876-6700; fax: 617-876-6709; email: pubs@healtheffects.org; URL: www.healtheffects.org. Poster Paper No. 22 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Novel method to assess regional lung deposition dose of inhaled particles in humans AN - 39387396; 3606203 AU - Kim, C S AU - Hu, S C Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39387396?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Novel+method+to+assess+regional+lung+deposition+dose+of+inhaled+particles+in+humans&rft.au=Kim%2C+C+S%3BHu%2C+S+C&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Society of Toxicology, 1767 Business Center Drive, Suite 302, Reston, VA 20190-5332, USA; URL: www.toxicology.org. Paper No. #960 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Issues regarding risk characterization of exposure to chemical mixtures in environmental human health risk assessments AN - 39384311; 3608715 AU - Phau, E Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39384311?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Issues+regarding+risk+characterization+of+exposure+to+chemical+mixtures+in+environmental+human+health+risk+assessments&rft.au=Phau%2C+E&rft.aulast=Phau&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Airforce Research Laboratory, 2698 G. Street, Wright-Patterson AFB OH 45433-7604, USA; URL: www.hes.afrl.af.mil N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Reactivity of chemical reductants as a function of redox zonation AN - 39380112; 3604307 AU - Weber, E AU - Kenneke, J AU - Hoferkamp, L Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39380112?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Reactivity+of+chemical+reductants+as+a+function+of+redox+zonation&rft.au=Weber%2C+E%3BKenneke%2C+J%3BHoferkamp%2C+L&rft.aulast=Weber&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK; URL: www.shef.ac.uk/~gq2001 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Role of environmental information in highlighting energy choices AN - 39377823; 3608453 AU - Johnson, K AU - Clouse, M AU - Morgan, R AU - Tansey, H Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39377823?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Role+of+environmental+information+in+highlighting+energy+choices&rft.au=Johnson%2C+K%3BClouse%2C+M%3BMorgan%2C+R%3BTansey%2C+H&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Solar Energy Forum 2001, 2400 Central Avenue, Suite G-1, Boulder, CO 80301, USA; phone: 303-443-3130; fax: 303-443-3212; email: ases@ases.org; URL: www.solarenergyforum.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Pollution from personal actions, activities, and behaviors: Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the environment AN - 39376559; 3605323 AU - Jones-Lepp, T AU - Daughton, C G Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39376559?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Pollution+from+personal+actions%2C+activities%2C+and+behaviors%3A+Pharmaceuticals+and+personal+care+products+in+the+environment&rft.au=Jones-Lepp%2C+T%3BDaughton%2C+C+G&rft.aulast=Jones-Lepp&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: International Association of Environmetnal Analytical Chemistry, P.O. Box 46, Mainz/Wiesbaden, Germany; phone: 41-61-481-27-89; fax: 41-61-482-08-05; email: iaeac@dplanet.ch; URL: www.dplanet.ch/users/iaeac N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Synergy and other useless mixture risk definitions AN - 39374601; 3608716 AU - Hertzberg, R C Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39374601?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Synergy+and+other+useless+mixture+risk+definitions&rft.au=Hertzberg%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Hertzberg&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Airforce Research Laboratory, 2698 G. Street, Wright-Patterson AFB OH 45433-7604, USA; URL: www.hes.afrl.af.mil N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Risk assessment and economic analysis at EPA AN - 39374568; 3608685 AU - DeMocker, J B Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39374568?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Risk+assessment+and+economic+analysis+at+EPA&rft.au=DeMocker%2C+J+B&rft.aulast=DeMocker&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Airforce Research Laboratory, 2698 G. Street, Wright-Patterson AFB OH 45433-7604, USA; URL: www.hes.afrl.af.mil N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Science-based risk assessment to implement California's legislation and public initiatives AN - 39365470; 3606214 AU - Alexeeff, G V AU - Zeise, L AU - Marty, MA AU - Fan, A Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39365470?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Science-based+risk+assessment+to+implement+California%27s+legislation+and+public+initiatives&rft.au=Alexeeff%2C+G+V%3BZeise%2C+L%3BMarty%2C+MA%3BFan%2C+A&rft.aulast=Alexeeff&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Society of Toxicology, 1767 Business Center Drive, Suite 302, Reston, VA 20190-5332, USA; URL: www.toxicology.org. Paper No. #2139 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Overview of the battlefield AN - 39361865; 3608704 AU - Hofstetter, P Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39361865?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Overview+of+the+battlefield&rft.au=Hofstetter%2C+P&rft.aulast=Hofstetter&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Airforce Research Laboratory, 2698 G. Street, Wright-Patterson AFB OH 45433-7604, USA; URL: www.hes.afrl.af.mil N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Asthma in the laboratory: Models and manipulations AN - 39357600; 3606084 AU - Gilmour, MI Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39357600?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Asthma+in+the+laboratory%3A+Models+and+manipulations&rft.au=Gilmour%2C+MI&rft.aulast=Gilmour&rft.aufirst=MI&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Society of Toxicology, 1767 Business Center Drive, Suite 302, Reston, VA 20190-5332, USA; URL: www.toxicology.org. Paper No. #1551 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - QA and data management techniques AN - 39349398; 3602023 AU - Culpepper, B T Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39349398?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=QA+and+data+management+techniques&rft.au=Culpepper%2C+B+T&rft.aulast=Culpepper&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Environmental Mutagen Society, 11250 Roger Bacon Drive, Suite 8, Reston, VA 20190-5202; URL: www.ems.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the environment: An overview - Pollution from personal actions; activities, and behaviors AN - 39343952; 3605984 AU - Varner, KE AU - Daughton, C G Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39343952?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Pharmaceuticals+and+personal+care+products+in+the+environment%3A+An+overview+-+Pollution+from+personal+actions%3B+activities%2C+and+behaviors&rft.au=Varner%2C+KE%3BDaughton%2C+C+G&rft.aulast=Varner&rft.aufirst=KE&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Geological Society of America, P.O. Box 9140, Boulder, CO 80301-9140, USA; URL: www.geosociety.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Renewable energy and energy star: Current status and future opportunities AN - 39337942; 3608454 AU - Janda, K AU - Reed, C AU - Chinery, G Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39337942?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Renewable+energy+and+energy+star%3A+Current+status+and+future+opportunities&rft.au=Janda%2C+K%3BReed%2C+C%3BChinery%2C+G&rft.aulast=Janda&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Solar Energy Forum 2001, 2400 Central Avenue, Suite G-1, Boulder, CO 80301, USA; phone: 303-443-3130; fax: 303-443-3212; email: ases@ases.org; URL: www.solarenergyforum.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - International perspective on the use of toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic data in risk assessment AN - 39337864; 3608734 AU - Sonich-Mullin, C AU - Meek, B Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39337864?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=International+perspective+on+the+use+of+toxicokinetic+and+toxicodynamic+data+in+risk+assessment&rft.au=Sonich-Mullin%2C+C%3BMeek%2C+B&rft.aulast=Sonich-Mullin&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Airforce Research Laboratory, 2698 G. Street, Wright-Patterson AFB OH 45433-7604, USA; URL: www.hes.afrl.af.mil N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Office of water health advisories AN - 39325846; 3608717 AU - Donohue, J Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39325846?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Office+of+water+health+advisories&rft.au=Donohue%2C+J&rft.aulast=Donohue&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Airforce Research Laboratory, 2698 G. Street, Wright-Patterson AFB OH 45433-7604, USA; URL: www.hes.afrl.af.mil N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Pediatric environmental health: Risk assessment challenges AN - 39325738; 3608700 AU - Kimmel, G Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39325738?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Pediatric+environmental+health%3A+Risk+assessment+challenges&rft.au=Kimmel%2C+G&rft.aulast=Kimmel&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Airforce Research Laboratory, 2698 G. Street, Wright-Patterson AFB OH 45433-7604, USA; URL: www.hes.afrl.af.mil N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Relationships among QC, peer review, and AQ procedures at the US EPA AN - 39324964; 3602022 AU - Hughes, T Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39324964?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Relationships+among+QC%2C+peer+review%2C+and+AQ+procedures+at+the+US+EPA&rft.au=Hughes%2C+T&rft.aulast=Hughes&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Environmental Mutagen Society, 11250 Roger Bacon Drive, Suite 8, Reston, VA 20190-5202; URL: www.ems.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Water quality and use impairments: The Illinois problem AN - 39308736; 3610474 AU - Ziemba, L Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39308736?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Water+quality+and+use+impairments%3A+The+Illinois+problem&rft.au=Ziemba%2C+L&rft.aulast=Ziemba&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Illinois Water Environment Association, P.O. Box 337, West Chicago, IL 60186-0337, USA; phone: 630-293-2261; fax: 630-293-3577; URL: www.iweasite.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Developing immune system: A sensitive target for perturbation by xenobiotics AN - 39305772; 3606149 AU - Smialowicz, R J Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39305772?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Developing+immune+system%3A+A+sensitive+target+for+perturbation+by+xenobiotics&rft.au=Smialowicz%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Smialowicz&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Society of Toxicology, 1767 Business Center Drive, Suite 302, Reston, VA 20190-5332, USA; URL: www.toxicology.org. Paper No. #309 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Environmental toxicants and altered mammary gland development: The window of susceptibility AN - 39305459; 3606052 AU - Fenton, SE Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39305459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Environmental+toxicants+and+altered+mammary+gland+development%3A+The+window+of+susceptibility&rft.au=Fenton%2C+SE&rft.aulast=Fenton&rft.aufirst=SE&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Society of Toxicology, 1767 Business Center Drive, Suite 302, Reston, VA 20190-5332, USA; URL: www.toxicology.org. Paper No. #1861 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Impact of human interindividual biotransformation variance in health risk assessment AN - 39293330; 3608737 AU - Lipscomb, J C Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39293330?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Impact+of+human+interindividual+biotransformation+variance+in+health+risk+assessment&rft.au=Lipscomb%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Lipscomb&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Airforce Research Laboratory, 2698 G. Street, Wright-Patterson AFB OH 45433-7604, USA; URL: www.hes.afrl.af.mil N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Contemporary risk communication AN - 39293160; 3608687 AU - Garrahan, K Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39293160?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Contemporary+risk+communication&rft.au=Garrahan%2C+K&rft.aulast=Garrahan&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Airforce Research Laboratory, 2698 G. Street, Wright-Patterson AFB OH 45433-7604, USA; URL: www.hes.afrl.af.mil N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - From DNA damage to mutation AN - 39283291; 3602007 AU - DeMarini, D M Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39283291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=From+DNA+damage+to+mutation&rft.au=DeMarini%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=DeMarini&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Environmental Mutagen Society, 11250 Roger Bacon Drive, Suite 8, Reston, VA 20190-5202; URL: www.ems.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water analysis. AN - 70962815; 11432700 JF - Analytical chemistry AU - Richardson, S D AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA. Y1 - 2001/06/15/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 15 SP - 2719 EP - 2734 VL - 73 IS - 12 SN - 0003-2700, 0003-2700 KW - Coloring Agents KW - 0 KW - Pesticides KW - Pharmaceutical Preparations KW - Toxins, Biological KW - Water Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - Coloring Agents -- analysis KW - Toxins, Biological -- analysis KW - Pharmaceutical Preparations -- analysis KW - Pesticides -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants -- analysis KW - Fresh Water -- analysis KW - Water Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70962815?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+chemistry&rft.atitle=Water+analysis.&rft.au=Richardson%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Richardson&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-06-15&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2719&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+chemistry&rft.issn=00032700&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-07-12 N1 - Date created - 2001-07-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enantiomeric Composition of Chiral Polychlorinated Biphenyl Atropisomers in Aquatic and Riparian Biota AN - 18171270; 5170965 AB - The enantiomeric composition of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) atropisomers was measured in river and riparian biota (fish, bivalves, crayfish, water snakes, barn swallows) from selected sites throughout the United States by using chiral gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Nonracemic enantiomeric fractions (EFs) were observed for PCBs 91, 95, 136, and 149 for aquatic and riparian biota from Lake Hartwell, SC, a reservoir heavily contaminated with PCBs, and for these congeners and PCBs 132, 174, 176, and 183 in river fish and bivalves nationwide. Fish and bivalves showed marked differences in EFs as compared to sediment found at the same sampling sites, thus suggesting that PCBs are bioprocessed in biota in a different manner from those found in sediment (e.g., reductive dechlorination). Species-dependent patterns in PCB EFs were observed, which suggest differences in the ability of different species to bioprocess PCBs enantioselectively, most likely by metabolism. The presence of nonracemic PCBs in fish and bivalves suggests greater metabolic degradation of PCBs in these organisms than indicated from previous achiral studies and underscores the powerful potential of chiral analysis as a tracer of environmental bioprocesses. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Wong, C S AU - Garrison, A W AU - Smith, P D AU - Foreman, W T AD - Ecosystems Research Division, National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, GA 30605, USA, garrison.wayne@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/06/15/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 15 SP - 2448 EP - 2454 VL - 35 IS - 12 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Barn swallows KW - Bivalves KW - Clams KW - Snakes KW - enantiomeric composition KW - Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Aquatic organisms KW - Degradation KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - Birds (see also Individual groups) KW - Aquatic Animals KW - Mass spectrometry KW - Biochemical analysis KW - Pisces KW - Biota KW - Polychlorinated biphenyls KW - Gas chromatography KW - Riparian Waters KW - Crustaceans (Decapod) (Crayfish) KW - Riparian environments KW - Tracer techniques KW - PCB compounds KW - PCB KW - Bioindicators KW - Rivers KW - Sediment pollution KW - Aquatic Life KW - Fish (see also Individual groups) KW - Water Quality KW - Hirundo KW - Bivalvia KW - USA KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Serpentes KW - Enantiomers KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Reptiles (Snakes) KW - Procambaridae KW - Water quality (Natural waters) KW - USA, South Carolina, Hartwell L. KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - X 24156:Environmental impact KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18171270?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Enantiomeric+Composition+of+Chiral+Polychlorinated+Biphenyl+Atropisomers+in+Aquatic+and+Riparian+Biota&rft.au=Wong%2C+C+S%3BGarrison%2C+A+W%3BSmith%2C+P+D%3BForeman%2C+W+T&rft.aulast=Wong&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-06-15&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2448&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Sediment pollution; Bioaccumulation; Degradation; Riparian environments; Biochemical analysis; Tracer techniques; PCB; Aquatic organisms; Biota; Enantiomers; Gas chromatography; Bioindicators; Mass spectrometry; PCB compounds; Polychlorinated biphenyls; Fish (see also Individual groups); Birds (see also Individual groups); Crustaceans (Decapod) (Crayfish); Reptiles (Snakes); Water quality (Natural waters); Riparian Waters; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Water Pollution Effects; Aquatic Life; Aquatic Animals; Water Quality; Pisces; Bivalvia; Serpentes; Hirundo; Procambaridae; USA; USA, South Carolina, Hartwell L. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sediment-Associated Reactions of Aromatic Amines. 1. Elucidation of Sorption Mechanisms AN - 18100451; 5170967 AB - Sorption of aromatic amines to sediments and soils can occur by both reversible physical processes and irreversible chemical processes. To elucidate the significance of these sorption pathways, the sorption kinetics of aniline and pyridine were studied in resaturated pond sediment. Aniline and pyridine behaved quite differently in the sediment-water systems. The sorption kinetics of pyridine were quite fast, reaching equilibrium within 1-2 h. In contrast, the sorption kinetics of aniline were characterized by a rapid initial loss of aniline from the aqueous phase followed by a much slower rate of disappearance. The rapid initial sorption of aniline upon respiking after an equilibration period of 200 h, and results of sorption kinetic studies as a function of substrate concentration, demonstrated that sorptive sites were not being saturated at the nominal concentration of aniline. Sequential extraction of a sediment treated with super(14)C-labeled pyridine and aniline suggested that pyridine was bound primarily through a reversible cation-exchange process, whereas aniline sorbed through both cation-exchange and covalent binding processes. At longer reaction periods sorption became increasingly dominated by covalent binding. The reaction kinetics for the slow, irreversible sorption of aniline appeared to be limited by the reactivity and/or availability of covalent binding sites. The initial rate and extent of aniline sorption was pH dependent (sorption increased with decreasing pH). At pH values above the pK sub(a) of aniline, sorption kinetics for the slower, irreversible loss of aniline were independent of pH. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Weber, E J AU - Colon, D AU - Baughman, G L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, 960 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30605-2720, USA, weber.eric@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/06/15/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 15 SP - 2470 EP - 2475 VL - 35 IS - 12 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - anilines KW - cation-exchange KW - covalent binding KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Sorption KW - Sediment chemistry KW - Sediment pollution KW - Absorption (physics) KW - Pyridines KW - Freshwater KW - Chemical kinetics KW - Amines KW - pH effects KW - Aromatics KW - Ponds KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18100451?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Sediment-Associated+Reactions+of+Aromatic+Amines.+1.+Elucidation+of+Sorption+Mechanisms&rft.au=Weber%2C+E+J%3BColon%2C+D%3BBaughman%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Weber&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2001-06-15&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2470&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment pollution; Sediment chemistry; Sorption; Absorption (physics); Pyridines; Amines; Chemical kinetics; pH effects; Ponds; Aromatics; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An Ecological Perspective on In-Stream Temperature: Natural Heat Dynamics and Mechanisms of Human-CausedThermal Degradation AN - 899157923; 15625196 AB - While external factors (drivers) determine the net heat energy and water delivered to a stream, the internal structure of a stream determines how heat and water will be distributed within and exchanged among a stream's components (channel, alluvial aquifer, and riparian zone/floodplain). Therefore, the interaction between external drivers of stream temperature and the internal structure of integrated stream systems ultimately determines channel water temperature. This paper presents a synoptic, ecologically based discussion of the external drivers of stream temperature, the internal structures and processes that insulate and buffer stream temperatures, and the mechanisms of human influence on stream temperature. It provides a holistic perspective on the diversity of natural dynamics and human activities that influence stream temperature, including discussions of the role of the hyporheic zone. Key management implications include: (1) Protecting or reestablishing in-stream flow is critical for restoring desirable thermal regimes in streams. (2) Modified riparian vegetation, groundwater dynamics, and channel morphology are all important pathways of human influence on channel-water temperature and each pathway should be addressed in management plans. (3) Stream temperature research and monitoring programs will be jeopardized by an inaccurate or incomplete conceptual understanding of complex temporal and spatial stream temperature response patterns to anthropogenic influences. (4) Analyses of land-use history and the historical vs contemporary structure of the stream channel, riparian zone, and alluvial aquifer are important prerequisites for applying mechanistic temperature models to develop management prescriptions to meet in-channel temperature goals. JF - Environmental Management AU - Poole, Geoffrey C AU - Berman, Cara H AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Region 10, Office of Environmental Assessment, OEA-095, 1200 6th Avenue, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA, US Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 787 EP - 802 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 27 IS - 6 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Aquifers KW - Historical account KW - Aquifer KW - Resource management KW - Man-induced effects KW - flood plains KW - Streams KW - Models KW - History KW - Riparian environments KW - Ground water KW - Temperature effects KW - management plans KW - Riparian zone KW - Temperature KW - Vegetation KW - Water temperature KW - Model Studies KW - Channels KW - Flood plains KW - Heat KW - Energy KW - Stream KW - Riparian vegetation KW - Human factors KW - Alluvial Aquifers KW - Groundwater KW - Environment management KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - SW 0810:General KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/899157923?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=An+Ecological+Perspective+on+In-Stream+Temperature%3A+Natural+Heat+Dynamics+and+Mechanisms+of+Human-CausedThermal+Degradation&rft.au=Poole%2C+Geoffrey+C%3BBerman%2C+Cara+H&rft.aulast=Poole&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=787&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs002670010188 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Aquifer; Resource management; Flood plains; Riparian zone; Stream; Riparian vegetation; Man-induced effects; Environment management; Aquifers; Heat; Energy; Ground water; Vegetation; Water temperature; Streams; Models; Channels; Historical account; management plans; Riparian environments; Temperature; Human factors; flood plains; Groundwater; History; Alluvial Aquifers; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002670010188 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An 'injury-time integral' model for extrapolating from acute to chronic effects of phosgene. AN - 71404181; 12539874 AB - The present study compares acute and subchronic episodic exposures to phosgene to test the applicability of the 'concentrationxtime' (CxT) product as a measure of exposure dose, and to relate acute toxicity and adaptive responses to chronic toxicity. Rats (male Fischer 344) were exposed (six hours/day) to air or 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 and 1.0 ppm of phosgene one time or on a repeated regimen for up to 12 weeks as follows: 0.1 ppm (five days/week), 0.2 ppm (five days/week), 0.5 ppm (two days/week), or 1.0 ppm (one day/week) (note that the CxT for the three highest exposures was the same). Animals were sacrificed at 4, 8, and 12 weeks during the exposure and after four weeks recovery. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed 18 hours after the last exposure for each time period and the BAL supernatant assayed for protein. Elevated BAL fluid protein was defined as 'acute injury', diminished response after repeated exposure was defined as 'adaptation', and increased lung hydroxyproline or trichrome staining for collagen was defined as 'chronic injury'. Results indicated that exposures that cause maximal chronic injury involve high exposure concentrations and longer times between exposures, not high CxT products. A conceptual model is presented that explains the lack of CxT correlation by the fact that adaptation reduces an 'injury-time integral' as phosgene exposure is lengthened from acute to subchronic. At high exposure concentrations, the adaptive response appears to be overwhelmed, causing a continued injury-time integral, which appears to be related to appearance of chronic injury. The adaptive response is predicted to disappear if the time between exposures is lengthened, leading to a continued high injury-time integral and chronic injury. It has generally been assumed that long, continuous exposures of rodents is a conservative approach for detecting possible chronic effects. The present study suggests that such an approach my not be conservative, but might actually mask effects that could occur under intermittent exposure conditions. JF - Toxicology and industrial health AU - Hatch, G AU - Kodavanti, U AU - Crissman, K AU - Slade, R AU - Costa, D AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, Experimental Toxicology Division, National Health and Ecological Effects Research laboratory, US EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. hatch.gary@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 285 EP - 293 VL - 17 IS - 5-10 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Chemical Warfare Agents KW - 0 KW - Phosgene KW - 117K140075 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage -- veterinary KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Risk Assessment KW - Phosgene -- adverse effects KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Chemical Warfare Agents -- adverse effects KW - Lung -- pathology KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71404181?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+industrial+health&rft.atitle=An+%27injury-time+integral%27+model+for+extrapolating+from+acute+to+chronic+effects+of+phosgene.&rft.au=Hatch%2C+G%3BKodavanti%2C+U%3BCrissman%2C+K%3BSlade%2C+R%3BCosta%2C+D&rft.aulast=Hatch&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=5-10&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+industrial+health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-02-06 N1 - Date created - 2003-01-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indirect exposure assessment at the United States Environmental Protection Agency. AN - 71364422; 12539859 AB - In the early 1980s, exposures and subsequent health impact assessments from contaminants emitted into the air from stationary sources focused on the inhalation pathway. This 'direct' pathway of exposure was thought to be the most critical pathway, as it is for many contaminants. However, by the latter 1980s, the focus at the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) shifted to contaminants that would persist in the environment and could bioaccumulate up the food chain. Consumption of impacted food products, and other 'indirect' pathways of exposure, such as soil-related exposures, were shown to result in exposures that exceeded inhalation exposures by two to up to four orders of magnitude. A historical background of indirect exposure assessment at EPA is provided in this paper, followed by an overview of modeling methodologies commonly used in indirect exposure assessments. These methodologies are demonstrated on a contaminant of primary focus for indirect exposure impact, dioxins. Two examples are provided. In the first, an air-to-beef model validation exercise is described. In the second, an indirect exposure assessment on a municipal solid waste incinerator in Ohio conducted by the EPA is summarized. This incinerator emitted very large amounts of dioxin, more than any single source known to EPA. Models were used to predict the movement of dioxins from the stack to a nearby hypothetical farm, where individuals in the farm family were exposed to dioxins from consumption of home-produced beef and milk. The predicted lifetime cancer risk of 2.8 x 10(-4) based on these food pathways was used by EPA's Region 5 to initiate regulatory activity on this incinerator. JF - Toxicology and industrial health AU - Lorber, M AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, District of Columbia 20460, USA. lorber.matthew@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 145 EP - 156 VL - 17 IS - 5-10 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Dioxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Agriculture KW - Dioxins -- adverse effects KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Milk KW - Dioxins -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Risk Assessment KW - Meat KW - Cattle KW - Public Health KW - Food Contamination KW - Forecasting KW - Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Food Chain KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71364422?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+industrial+health&rft.atitle=Indirect+exposure+assessment+at+the+United+States+Environmental+Protection+Agency.&rft.au=Lorber%2C+M&rft.aulast=Lorber&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=5-10&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+industrial+health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-02-06 N1 - Date created - 2003-01-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An exploratory study of variations in exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in the United States. AN - 71200726; 11572433 AB - There is considerable interest in assessing exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and in understanding the factors that affect exposure at various venues. The impact of these complex factors can be researched only if monitoring studies are carefully designed. Prior work by Jenkins et al. gathered personal monitor and diary data from 1,564 nonsmokers in 16 metropolitan areas of the United States and compared workplace exposures to ETS with exposures away from work. In this study, these data were probed further to examine (1) the correspondence between work and away-from-work exposure concentrations of ETS; (2) the variability in exposure concentration levels across cities; and (3) the association of ETS exposure concentrations with select socioeconomic, occupation, and lifestyle variables. The results indicate (1) at the population level, there was a positive association between ETS concentrations at the work and away-from-work environments; (2) exposure concentration levels across the 16 cities under consideration were highly variable; and (3) exposure concentration levels were significantly associated with occupation, education, household income, age, and dietary factors. Workplace smoking restrictions were associated with low ETS concentration levels at work as well as away from work. Generally, the same cities that exhibited either lower or higher away-from-work exposure concentration levels also showed lower or higher work exposure concentration levels. The observations suggest that similar avoidance characteristics as well as socioeconomic and other lifestyle factors that affect exposure to ETS may have been in operation in both away-from-work and work settings. JF - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis AU - Subramaniam, R P AU - Turim, J AU - Golden, S L AU - Kral, P AU - Anderson, E L AD - Sciences International, Inc., Alexandria, VA, USA. Subramaniam.Ravi@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 561 EP - 574 VL - 21 IS - 3 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Regression Analysis KW - Humans KW - Risk Assessment KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Logistic Models KW - Adult KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Female KW - Male KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution -- adverse effects KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71200726?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=An+exploratory+study+of+variations+in+exposure+to+environmental+tobacco+smoke+in+the+United+States.&rft.au=Subramaniam%2C+R+P%3BTurim%2C+J%3BGolden%2C+S+L%3BKral%2C+P%3BAnderson%2C+E+L&rft.aulast=Subramaniam&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=561&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-07 N1 - Date created - 2001-09-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sources of variability in collection and preparation of paint and lead-coating samples. AN - 70964017; 11432274 AB - Chronic exposure of children to lead (Pb) can result in permanent physiological impairment. Since surfaces coated with lead-containing paints and varnishes are potential sources of exposure, it is extremely important that reliable methods for sampling and analysis be available. The sources of variability in the collection and preparation of samples were investigated to improve the performance and comparability of methods and to ensure that data generated will be adequate for its intended use. Paint samples of varying sizes (areas and masses) were collected at different locations across a variety of surfaces including metal, plaster, concrete, and wood. A variety of grinding techniques were compared. Manual mortar and pestle grinding for at least 1.5 min and mechanized grinding techniques were found to generate similar homogenous particle size distributions required for aliquots as small as 0.10 g. When 342 samples were evaluated for sample weight loss during mortar and pestle grinding, 4% had 20% or greater loss with a high of 41%. Homogenization and sub-sampling steps were found to be the principal sources of variability related to the size of the sample collected. Analysis of samples from different locations on apparently identical surfaces were found to vary by more than a factor of two both in Pb concentration (mg cm-2 or %) and areal coating density (g cm-2). Analyses of substrates were performed to determine the Pb remaining after coating removal. Levels as high as 1% Pb were found in some substrate samples, corresponding to more than 35 mg cm-2 Pb. In conclusion, these sources of variability must be considered in development and/or application of any sampling and analysis methodologies. JF - Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM AU - Harper, S L AU - Gutknecht, W F AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 335 EP - 340 VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 1464-0325, 1464-0325 KW - Lead KW - 2P299V784P KW - Index Medicus KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Particle Size KW - Humans KW - Specimen Handling KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Child KW - Paint KW - Lead -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70964017?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+monitoring+%3A+JEM&rft.atitle=Sources+of+variability+in+collection+and+preparation+of+paint+and+lead-coating+samples.&rft.au=Harper%2C+S+L%3BGutknecht%2C+W+F&rft.aulast=Harper&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=335&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+monitoring+%3A+JEM&rft.issn=14640325&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-11-01 N1 - Date created - 2001-07-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Making TMDLs work. AN - 70944954; 11414053 JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Saltman, T AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, DC, USA. Y1 - 2001/06/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 01 SP - 248A EP - 250A, 252A, 254A VL - 35 IS - 11 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Policy Making KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Environmental Health KW - Guideline Adherence KW - Humans KW - Decision Making KW - Industry KW - Water Supply KW - Water Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Public Policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70944954?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Making+TMDLs+work.&rft.au=Saltman%2C+T&rft.aulast=Saltman&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=248A&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-11-01 N1 - Date created - 2001-06-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An evaluation of the mutagenicity, metabolism, and DNA adduct formation of 5-nitrobenzo[b]naphtho[2,1-d]thiophene. AN - 70943952; 11409936 AB - Thioarenes, sulfur-containing polycyclic aromatic compounds, are environmental contaminants suspected of posing human health risks. In this study, 5-nitrobenzo[b]naphtho[2,1-d]thiophene (5-nitro-BNT), a nitrated-thioarene, was examined for its mutagenicity, metabolism and subsequent formation of DNA adducts. 5-Nitro-BNT was weakly mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100 without Aroclor-1254-induced rat liver S9 (S9), and its activity was increased in the presence of S9. Anaerobic metabolism of 5-nitro-BNT by S9 or xanthine oxidase (XO) produced one major metabolite, identified as 5-amino-BNT by NMR, MS, and UV spectroscopy and by comparison with an authentic standard. Aerobic S9 metabolism of 5-nitro-BNT produced a major metabolite, identified as trans-9,10-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydro-5-nitro-BNT (5-nitro-BNT-9,10-diol). Also present was a minor amount of 5-amino-BNT and trans-9,10-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydro-5-amino-BNT (5-amino-BNT-9,10-diol). DNA adduct analyses were performed using the (32)P-postlabeling assay and reversed-phase HPLC. Three major XO-derived calf thymus DNA adducts were detected. On the basis of their chromatographic mobilities, two adducts were identified as reaction products of 5-nitro-BNT with 2'-deoxyguanosine and one adduct with 2'-deoxyadenosine. Incorporation of allopurinol (a specific XO inhibitor) in the incubation mixture resulted in loss of all three adducts, confirming enzymatic mediation by XO. Aerobic S9 activation of 5-nitro-BNT with calf thymus DNA produced three adducts. On the basis of their chromatographic mobilities, two were identified as reaction products of 5-nitro-BNT with 2'-deoxyguanosine and one with 2'-deoxyadenosine. Incorporation of 1-aminobenzotriazole (a P450 inhibitor) in the incubation mixture resulted in a loss of these adducts, confirming enzymatic mediation by P450. Aerobic S9-catalyzed metabolism of 5-nitro-BNT-9,10-diol produced the same DNA adducts as observed with 5-nitro-BNT. Aerobic S9-catalyzed metabolism of 5-amino-BNT-9,10-diol produced the same deoxyadenosine-derived DNA adducts as observed with 5-nitro-BNT and 5-nitro-BNT-9,10-diol. These results provide additional information that both ring oxidation and nitroreduction are involved in the metabolism, DNA adduct formation and mutagenicity of 5-nitro-BNT. JF - Chemical research in toxicology AU - King, L C AU - Kohan, M J AU - Brooks, L AU - Nelson, G B AU - Ross, J A AU - Allison, J AU - Adams, L AU - Desai, D AU - Amin, S AU - Padgett, W AU - Lambert, G R AU - Richard, A M AU - Nesnow, S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, MD-68, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 661 EP - 671 VL - 14 IS - 6 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - DNA Adducts KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - Thiophenes KW - benzo(b)naphtho(2,1-d)thiophene KW - 239-5-0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Animals KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Cattle KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Chromatography, Thin Layer KW - Thymus Gland -- drug effects KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Thiophenes -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Thiophenes -- metabolism KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- drug effects KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- adverse effects KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- metabolism KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- genetics KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70943952?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=An+evaluation+of+the+mutagenicity%2C+metabolism%2C+and+DNA+adduct+formation+of+5-nitrobenzo%5Bb%5Dnaphtho%5B2%2C1-d%5Dthiophene.&rft.au=King%2C+L+C%3BKohan%2C+M+J%3BBrooks%2C+L%3BNelson%2C+G+B%3BRoss%2C+J+A%3BAllison%2C+J%3BAdams%2C+L%3BDesai%2C+D%3BAmin%2C+S%3BPadgett%2C+W%3BLambert%2C+G+R%3BRichard%2C+A+M%3BNesnow%2C+S&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=661&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-08-23 N1 - Date created - 2001-06-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Future research needs for the health assessment of 1,3-butadiene. AN - 70937585; 11397417 AB - In recent years, several organizations have evaluated the health effects of 1,3-butadiene. Dissimilar conclusions about the carcinogenicity of 1,3-butadiene have been reached, due to differences in interpretation of the same data. Although 1,3-butadiene has been extensively studied, various uncertainties and data gaps remain which will require further clarification to reduce the uncertainties in future health assessments. This paper discusses future research needs respective of cancer and non-cancer effects that would be useful for future assessments as to how 1,3-butadiene affects health. JF - Chemico-biological interactions AU - Koppikar, A M AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment, Washington Office (8623D), Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. N.W., Washington, DC 20460, USA. koppikar.aparna@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/06/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 01 SP - 629 EP - 636 VL - 135-136 SN - 0009-2797, 0009-2797 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational KW - Butadienes KW - 1,3-butadiene KW - JSD5FGP5VD KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Occupational Exposure KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Environmental Health KW - Humans KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational -- toxicity KW - Air Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Research Design KW - Occupational Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Male KW - Female KW - Risk Assessment KW - Butadienes -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70937585?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemico-biological+interactions&rft.atitle=Future+research+needs+for+the+health+assessment+of+1%2C3-butadiene.&rft.au=Koppikar%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Koppikar&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=135-136&rft.issue=&rft.spage=629&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemico-biological+interactions&rft.issn=00092797&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-04 N1 - Date created - 2001-06-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Canines as sentinel species for assessing chronic exposures to air pollutants: part 1. Respiratory pathology. AN - 70856195; 11353143 AB - A complex mixture of air pollutants is present in the ambient air in urban areas. People, animals, and vegetation are chronically and sequentially exposed to outdoor pollutants. The objective of this first of 2 studies is to evaluate by light and electron microscopy the lungs of Mexico City dogs and compare the results to those of 3 less polluted cities in MEXICO: One hundred fifty-two clinically healthy stray mongrel dogs (91 males/61 females), including 43 dogs from 3 less polluted cities, and 109 from southwest and northeast metropolitian Mexico City (SWMMC, NEMMC) were studied. Lungs of dogs living in Mexico City and Cuernavaca exhibited patchy chronic mononuclear cell infiltrates along with macrophages loaded with particulate matter (PM) surrounding the bronchiolar walls and extending into adjacent vascular structures; bronchiolar epithelial and smooth muscle hyperplasia, peribronchiolar fibrosis, microthrombi, and capillary and venule polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) margination. Ultrafine PM was seen in alveolar type I and II cells, endothelial cells, interstitial macrophages (Mtheta), and intravascular Mtheta-like cells. Bronchoalveolar lavage showed significant numbers of alveolar macrophages undergoing proliferation. Exposure to complex mixtures of pollutants-predominantly particulate matter and ozone-is causing lung structural changes induced by the sustained inflammatory process and resulting in airway and vascular remodeling and altered repair. Cytokines released from both, circulating inflammatory and resident lung cells in response to endothelial and epithelial injury may be playing a role in the pathology described here. Deep concern exists for the potential of an increasing rise in lung diseases in child populations exposed to Mexico City's environment. JF - Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Calderón-Garcidueñas, L AU - Mora-Tiscareño, A AU - Fordham, L A AU - Chung, C J AU - García, R AU - Osnaya, N AU - Hernández, J AU - Acuña, H AU - Gambling, T M AU - Villarreal-Calderón, A AU - Carson, J AU - Koren, H S AU - Devlin, R B AD - Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. caldeeron.lilian@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 342 EP - 355 VL - 61 IS - 2 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Models, Animal KW - Animals KW - Hyperplasia -- pathology KW - Neutrophils -- pathology KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- ultrastructure KW - Particle Size KW - Lymph Nodes -- pathology KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- drug effects KW - Pneumonia -- pathology KW - Age Distribution KW - Cell Survival KW - Neutrophils -- drug effects KW - Neutrophils -- ultrastructure KW - Mexico KW - Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- cytology KW - Cell Cycle KW - Lymph Nodes -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Female KW - Lung -- blood supply KW - Respiratory System -- ultrastructure KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Dogs -- physiology KW - Lung -- pathology KW - Respiratory System -- pathology KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Respiratory System -- drug effects KW - Ozone -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70856195?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+sciences+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Canines+as+sentinel+species+for+assessing+chronic+exposures+to+air+pollutants%3A+part+1.+Respiratory+pathology.&rft.au=Calder%C3%B3n-Garcidue%C3%B1as%2C+L%3BMora-Tiscare%C3%B1o%2C+A%3BFordham%2C+L+A%3BChung%2C+C+J%3BGarc%C3%ADa%2C+R%3BOsnaya%2C+N%3BHern%C3%A1ndez%2C+J%3BAcu%C3%B1a%2C+H%3BGambling%2C+T+M%3BVillarreal-Calder%C3%B3n%2C+A%3BCarson%2C+J%3BKoren%2C+H+S%3BDevlin%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Calder%C3%B3n-Garcidue%C3%B1as&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=342&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+sciences+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-08-09 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Canines as sentinel species for assessing chronic exposures to air pollutants: part 2. Cardiac pathology. AN - 70853693; 11353144 AB - The principal objective of this study is to evaluate by light and electron microscopy (LM, EM) the heart tissues in stray southwest and northeast metropolitan Mexico City (SWMMC, NEMMC) dogs and compare their findings to those from 3 less polluted cities (Cuernavaca, Tlaxcala, and Tuxpam). Clinically healthy mongrel dogs, including 109 from highly polluted SWMMC and NEMMC, and 43 dogs from less polluted cities were studied. Dogs residing in cities with lower levels of pollutants showed little or no cardiac abnormalities. Mexico City and Cuernavaca dogs exhibited LM myocardial alterations including apoptotic myocytes, endothelial and immune effector cells, degranulated mast cells associated with scattered foci of mononuclear cells in left and right ventricles and interventricular septum, and clusters of adipocytes interspersed with mononuclear cells. Vascular changes included scattered polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) margination and microthrombi in capillaries, and small venous and arteriolar blood vessels. Small veins exhibited smooth muscle cell hyperplasia, and arteriolar blood vessels showed deposition of particulate matter (PM) in the media and adventitia. Unmyelinated nerve fibers showed endoneural and epineural degranulated mast cells. EM examination of myocardial mast cells showed distended and abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum with few secretory granules. Myocardial capillaries exhibited fibrin deposition and their endothelial cells displayed increased luminal and abluminal pinocytic activity and the formation of anemone-like protrusions of the endothelium into the lumen. A close association between myocardial findings, lung epithelial and endothelial pathology, and chronic inflammatory lung changes was noted. The myocardial changes described in dogs exposed to ambient air pollutants may form the basis for developing hypothesis-driven mechanistic studies that might explain the epidemiological data of increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in people exposed to air pollutants. JF - Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Calderón-Garcidueñas, L AU - Gambling, T M AU - Acuña, H AU - García, R AU - Osnaya, N AU - Monroy, S AU - Villarreal-Calderón, A AU - Carson, J AU - Koren, H S AU - Devlin, R B AD - Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7310, USA. caldeeron.lilian@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 356 EP - 367 VL - 61 IS - 2 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Mexico KW - Mast Cells -- pathology KW - Particle Size KW - Apoptosis -- drug effects KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Mast Cells -- ultrastructure KW - Mast Cells -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Female KW - Models, Animal KW - Myocardium -- pathology KW - Dogs -- physiology KW - Heart -- drug effects KW - Myocardium -- ultrastructure KW - Air Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Ozone -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70853693?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+sciences+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Canines+as+sentinel+species+for+assessing+chronic+exposures+to+air+pollutants%3A+part+2.+Cardiac+pathology.&rft.au=Calder%C3%B3n-Garcidue%C3%B1as%2C+L%3BGambling%2C+T+M%3BAcu%C3%B1a%2C+H%3BGarc%C3%ADa%2C+R%3BOsnaya%2C+N%3BMonroy%2C+S%3BVillarreal-Calder%C3%B3n%2C+A%3BCarson%2C+J%3BKoren%2C+H+S%3BDevlin%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Calder%C3%B3n-Garcidue%C3%B1as&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=356&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+sciences+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-08-09 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temperature effects on nickel sorption kinetics at the mineral-water interface AN - 52210175; 2001-056889 JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Scheckel, Kirk G AU - Sparks, Donald L Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 719 EP - 728 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 65 IS - 3 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - sorption KW - pyrophyllite KW - Moore County North Carolina KW - entropy KW - clay mineralogy KW - stability KW - mechanism KW - Appalachians KW - temperature KW - activation energy KW - enthalpy KW - chemical reactions KW - silica KW - talc KW - mineral data KW - Robbins North Carolina KW - reaction rates KW - oxides KW - gibbsite KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - North America KW - amorphous materials KW - mineral-water interface KW - free energy KW - effects KW - Cherokee County North Carolina KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - North Carolina KW - nickel KW - sheet silicates KW - Piedmont KW - Arkansas KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52210175?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Temperature+effects+on+nickel+sorption+kinetics+at+the+mineral-water+interface&rft.au=Scheckel%2C+Kirk+G%3BSparks%2C+Donald+L&rft.aulast=Scheckel&rft.aufirst=Kirk&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=719&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SSSJD4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - activation energy; amorphous materials; Appalachians; Arkansas; chemical reactions; Cherokee County North Carolina; clay mineralogy; effects; enthalpy; entropy; free energy; geochemistry; gibbsite; kinetics; mechanism; metals; mineral data; mineral-water interface; Moore County North Carolina; nickel; North America; North Carolina; oxides; Piedmont; precipitation; pyrophyllite; reaction rates; Robbins North Carolina; sheet silicates; silica; silicates; sorption; stability; talc; temperature; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dissolution kinetics of nickel surface precipitates on clay mineral and oxide surfaces AN - 52208503; 2001-056885 JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Scheckel, Kirk G AU - Sparks, Donald L Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 685 EP - 694 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 65 IS - 3 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - silicates KW - nitric acid KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - reclamation KW - clay mineralogy KW - remediation KW - mixing KW - carboxylic acids KW - nitrate ion KW - gibbsite KW - pH KW - surface properties KW - anions KW - X-ray spectra KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - TGA data KW - Arkansas KW - United States KW - pyrophyllite KW - Moore County North Carolina KW - acetylacetone KW - techniques KW - oxalates KW - solution KW - silicon KW - ligands KW - chemical reactions KW - aluminum oxides KW - silica KW - EDTA KW - talc KW - Robbins North Carolina KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - kinetics KW - inorganic acids KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - mineral interlayer KW - chemical analysis KW - amorphous materials KW - XAFS spectra KW - diffuse reflectance spectra KW - reagents KW - Cherokee County North Carolina KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - residence time KW - North Carolina KW - nickel KW - sheet silicates KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52208503?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Dissolution+kinetics+of+nickel+surface+precipitates+on+clay+mineral+and+oxide+surfaces&rft.au=Scheckel%2C+Kirk+G%3BSparks%2C+Donald+L&rft.aulast=Scheckel&rft.aufirst=Kirk&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=685&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SSSJD4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acetylacetone; aluminum oxides; amorphous materials; anions; Arkansas; carboxylic acids; chemical analysis; chemical reactions; Cherokee County North Carolina; clay mineralogy; diffuse reflectance spectra; EDTA; geochemistry; gibbsite; inorganic acids; kinetics; ligands; metals; mineral interlayer; mixing; Moore County North Carolina; nickel; nitrate ion; nitric acid; North Carolina; organic acids; organic compounds; oxalates; oxides; pH; precipitation; pyrophyllite; reagents; reclamation; remediation; residence time; Robbins North Carolina; sheet silicates; silica; silicates; silicon; soils; solution; spectra; surface properties; talc; techniques; TGA data; United States; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray spectra; XAFS spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Availability of arsenic, copper, lead, thallium, and zinc to various vegetables grown in slag-contaminated soils AN - 52147858; 2002-015831 JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Bunzl, K AU - Trautmannsheimer, M AU - Schramel, P AU - Reifenhaeuser, W Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 934 EP - 939 PB - American Society of Agronomy, [and] Crop Science Society of America, [and] Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 30 IS - 3 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - soils KW - zinc KW - concentration KW - slag KW - copper KW - pollutants KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - lead KW - bioavailability KW - vegetation KW - environmental analysis KW - environmental effects KW - human ecology KW - bioaccumulation KW - thallium KW - metals KW - chemical composition KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52147858?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Availability+of+arsenic%2C+copper%2C+lead%2C+thallium%2C+and+zinc+to+various+vegetables+grown+in+slag-contaminated+soils&rft.au=Bunzl%2C+K%3BTrautmannsheimer%2C+M%3BSchramel%2C+P%3BReifenhaeuser%2C+W&rft.aulast=Bunzl&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=934&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JEVQAA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; bioaccumulation; bioavailability; chemical composition; concentration; copper; environmental analysis; environmental effects; human ecology; lead; metals; pollutants; pollution; slag; soils; thallium; vegetation; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sorption of radioactive contaminants by sediment from the Kara Sea AN - 52137927; 2002-016160 JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin AU - Fuhrmann, Mark AU - Zhou, Huan AU - Neiheisel, James AU - Dyer, Robert A2 - Champ, Michael A. A2 - Gomez, Leo S. A2 - Makeyev, Vyachesliav M. A2 - Brooks, James M. A2 - Palmer, Harold D. A2 - Betz, Frederick Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 102 EP - 110 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 43 IS - 1-6 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - Pu-240/Pu-239 KW - sorption KW - isotopes KW - plutonium KW - Am-241 KW - halogens KW - lead KW - radioactive waste KW - iodine KW - marine sediments KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - total organic carbon KW - sediments KW - Arctic Ocean KW - technetium KW - alkaline earth metals KW - pollutants KW - isotope ratios KW - human activity KW - Arctic region KW - grain size KW - statistical analysis KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - Tc-99 KW - Sr-85 KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - Kara Sea KW - Cs-137 KW - isotherms KW - metals KW - americium KW - waste disposal KW - actinides KW - strontium KW - regression analysis KW - Pb-210 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52137927?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Sorption+of+radioactive+contaminants+by+sediment+from+the+Kara+Sea&rft.au=Fuhrmann%2C+Mark%3BZhou%2C+Huan%3BNeiheisel%2C+James%3BDyer%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Fuhrmann&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=1-6&rft.spage=102&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0025326X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MPNBAZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; Am-241; americium; Arctic Ocean; Arctic region; cesium; Cs-137; grain size; halogens; human activity; iodine; isotherms; isotope ratios; isotopes; Kara Sea; lead; marine sediments; metals; models; organic compounds; Pb-210; plutonium; pollutants; pollution; Pu-240/Pu-239; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; regression analysis; sediments; sorption; Sr-85; statistical analysis; strontium; Tc-99; technetium; total organic carbon; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Large-scale fires and time trends of PCDDs/DFs in sediments AN - 52101013; 2002-046263 JF - Chemosphere (Oxford) AU - Sakai, Shin-Ichi AU - Deguchi, Shingo AU - Takatsuki, Hiroshi AU - Uchibo, Akira A2 - Birnbaum, L. S. A2 - Fiedler, H. A2 - Goldman, L. A2 - Hutzinger, O. A2 - Matthies, M. A2 - Needham, L. L. A2 - Patterson, D. G., Jr. A2 - Rappe, C. A2 - Safe, S. H. Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 537 EP - 547 PB - Pergamon VL - 43 IS - 4-7 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - water quality KW - Far East KW - urban environment KW - human ecology KW - fires KW - Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake 1995 KW - sediments KW - ecology KW - discharge KW - Asia KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - pollutants KW - damage KW - pollution KW - preventive measures KW - PCDDs KW - polychlorinated dibenzofurans KW - organic compounds KW - coastal environment KW - Honshu KW - Hyogo Japan KW - earthquakes KW - Japan KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52101013?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Large-scale+fires+and+time+trends+of+PCDDs%2FDFs+in+sediments&rft.au=Sakai%2C+Shin-Ichi%3BDeguchi%2C+Shingo%3BTakatsuki%2C+Hiroshi%3BUchibo%2C+Akira&rft.aulast=Sakai&rft.aufirst=Shin-Ichi&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=4-7&rft.spage=537&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00456535 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Nineteenth symposium on Halogenated organic pollutants and POPs; Dioxin '99 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CMSHAF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; coastal environment; concentration; damage; discharge; earthquakes; ecology; Far East; fires; Honshu; human ecology; Hyogo Japan; Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake 1995; Japan; organic compounds; PCDDs; pollutants; pollution; polychlorinated dibenzofurans; preventive measures; sediments; toxic materials; urban environment; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Polychlorinated biphenyls in sediments of the Venice Lagoon AN - 52100738; 2002-046266 JF - Chemosphere (Oxford) AU - Frignani, Mauro AU - Bellucci, L G AU - Carraro, C AU - Raccanelli, S A2 - Birnbaum, L. S. A2 - Fiedler, H. A2 - Goldman, L. A2 - Hutzinger, O. A2 - Matthies, M. A2 - Needham, L. L. A2 - Patterson, D. G., Jr. A2 - Rappe, C. A2 - Safe, S. H. Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 567 EP - 575 PB - Pergamon VL - 43 IS - 4-7 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - PCBs KW - gas chromatograms KW - Europe KW - Italy KW - urban environment KW - Southern Europe KW - toxicity KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - ecology KW - Venice Italy KW - discharge KW - concentration KW - pollutants KW - human activity KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - Veneto Italy KW - industrial waste KW - lagoonal environment KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52100738?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Polychlorinated+biphenyls+in+sediments+of+the+Venice+Lagoon&rft.au=Frignani%2C+Mauro%3BBellucci%2C+L+G%3BCarraro%2C+C%3BRaccanelli%2C+S&rft.aulast=Frignani&rft.aufirst=Mauro&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=4-7&rft.spage=567&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00456535 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Nineteenth symposium on Halogenated organic pollutants and POPs; Dioxin '99 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CMSHAF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; detection; discharge; ecology; Europe; gas chromatograms; halogenated hydrocarbons; human activity; industrial waste; Italy; lagoonal environment; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; sediments; Southern Europe; statistical analysis; toxicity; urban environment; Veneto Italy; Venice Italy; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of polychlorobiphenyls in Venice Lagoon sediments AN - 52100737; 2002-046265 JF - Chemosphere (Oxford) AU - Moret, I AU - Piazza, R AU - Benedetti, M AU - Gambaro, A AU - Barbante, C AU - Cescon, P A2 - Birnbaum, L. S. A2 - Fiedler, H. A2 - Goldman, L. A2 - Hutzinger, O. A2 - Matthies, M. A2 - Needham, L. L. A2 - Patterson, D. G., Jr. A2 - Rappe, C. A2 - Safe, S. H. Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 559 EP - 565 PB - Pergamon VL - 43 IS - 4-7 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - concentration KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - PCBs KW - gas chromatograms KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - Italy KW - urban environment KW - Southern Europe KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - toxicity KW - Veneto Italy KW - sediments KW - lagoonal environment KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - ecology KW - Venice Italy KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52100737?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Determination+of+polychlorobiphenyls+in+Venice+Lagoon+sediments&rft.au=Moret%2C+I%3BPiazza%2C+R%3BBenedetti%2C+M%3BGambaro%2C+A%3BBarbante%2C+C%3BCescon%2C+P&rft.aulast=Moret&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=4-7&rft.spage=559&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00456535 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Nineteenth symposium on Halogenated organic pollutants and POPs; Dioxin '99 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CMSHAF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; detection; ecology; Europe; gas chromatograms; halogenated hydrocarbons; Italy; lagoonal environment; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; sediments; Southern Europe; statistical analysis; toxicity; urban environment; Veneto Italy; Venice Italy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Congener profiles of PCDD/Fs in soil and vegetation samples collected near to a municipal waste incinerator AN - 52100427; 2002-046262 JF - Chemosphere (Oxford) AU - Domingo, J L AU - Granero, S AU - Schuhmacher, M A2 - Birnbaum, L. S. A2 - Fiedler, H. A2 - Goldman, L. A2 - Hutzinger, O. A2 - Matthies, M. A2 - Needham, L. L. A2 - Patterson, D. G., Jr. A2 - Rappe, C. A2 - Safe, S. H. Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 517 EP - 524 PB - Pergamon VL - 43 IS - 4-7 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - soils KW - Spain KW - pollutants KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - Iberian Peninsula KW - vegetation KW - Southern Europe KW - PCDDs KW - bioaccumulation KW - thermal treatment KW - polychlorinated dibenzofurans KW - organic compounds KW - incineration KW - Tarragona Spain KW - retention KW - waste disposal KW - solid waste KW - Catalonia Spain KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52100427?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Congener+profiles+of+PCDD%2FFs+in+soil+and+vegetation+samples+collected+near+to+a+municipal+waste+incinerator&rft.au=Domingo%2C+J+L%3BGranero%2C+S%3BSchuhmacher%2C+M&rft.aulast=Domingo&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=4-7&rft.spage=517&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00456535 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Nineteenth symposium on Halogenated organic pollutants and POPs; Dioxin '99 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CMSHAF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioaccumulation; Catalonia Spain; Europe; Iberian Peninsula; incineration; organic compounds; PCDDs; pollutants; pollution; polychlorinated dibenzofurans; retention; soil treatment; soils; solid waste; Southern Europe; Spain; Tarragona Spain; thermal treatment; vegetation; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nineteenth symposium on Halogenated organic pollutants and POPs; Dioxin '99 AN - 52100270; 2002-046261 JF - Chemosphere (Oxford) A2 - Birnbaum, L. S. A2 - Fiedler, H. A2 - Goldman, L. A2 - Hutzinger, O. A2 - Matthies, M. A2 - Needham, L. L. A2 - Patterson, D. G., Jr. A2 - Rappe, C. A2 - Safe, S. H. Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 391 EP - 1010 PB - Pergamon VL - 43 IS - 4-7 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - PCBs KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - dioxins KW - remediation KW - human ecology KW - polychlorinated dibenzofurans KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - toxicity KW - symposia KW - sediments KW - chemical properties KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - aquatic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52100270?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Nineteenth+symposium+on+Halogenated+organic+pollutants+and+POPs%3B+Dioxin+%2799&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=4-7&rft.spage=391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00456535 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Nineteenth symposium on Halogenated organic pollutants and POPs; Dioxin '99 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CMSHAF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; chemical properties; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; degradation; detection; dioxins; halogenated hydrocarbons; human ecology; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; polychlorinated dibenzofurans; remediation; sediments; soils; surface water; symposia; techniques; toxic materials; toxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regiospecific dechlorination of spiked tetra- and trichlorodibenzo-p-dioxins by anaerobic bacteria from PCDD/F-contaminated Spittelwasser sediments AN - 52100077; 2002-046270 JF - Chemosphere (Oxford) AU - Bunge, Michael AU - Ballerstedt, Hendrik AU - Lechner, Ute A2 - Birnbaum, L. S. A2 - Fiedler, H. A2 - Goldman, L. A2 - Hutzinger, O. A2 - Matthies, M. A2 - Needham, L. L. A2 - Patterson, D. G., Jr. A2 - Rappe, C. A2 - Safe, S. H. Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 675 EP - 681 PB - Pergamon VL - 43 IS - 4-7 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - dehalogenation KW - pollution KW - River Spittelwasser KW - Europe KW - dioxins KW - Bitterfeld Germany KW - bioremediation KW - Saxony-Anhalt Germany KW - remediation KW - PCDDs KW - polychlorinated dibenzofurans KW - organic compounds KW - dechlorination KW - Central Europe KW - bacteria KW - sediments KW - anaerobic environment KW - Germany KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52100077?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Regiospecific+dechlorination+of+spiked+tetra-+and+trichlorodibenzo-p-dioxins+by+anaerobic+bacteria+from+PCDD%2FF-contaminated+Spittelwasser+sediments&rft.au=Bunge%2C+Michael%3BBallerstedt%2C+Hendrik%3BLechner%2C+Ute&rft.aulast=Bunge&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=4-7&rft.spage=675&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00456535 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Nineteenth symposium on Halogenated organic pollutants and POPs; Dioxin '99 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CMSHAF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; bacteria; bioremediation; Bitterfeld Germany; Central Europe; dechlorination; dehalogenation; dioxins; Europe; Germany; organic compounds; PCDDs; pollutants; pollution; polychlorinated dibenzofurans; remediation; River Spittelwasser; Saxony-Anhalt Germany; sediments; surface water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Marine inundation of a late Miocene forest; stratigraphy and tectonic evolution of the Saint George Formation, Crescent City, California AN - 52098449; 2002-048405 JF - California Geology AU - Robinson, Dane T AU - Aalto, Ken R AU - Barron, John A AU - Erwin, Diane M AU - Jayko, Angela S Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 10 EP - 22 PB - California Division of Mines and Geology, San Francisco, CA VL - 54 IS - 3 SN - 0026-4555, 0026-4555 KW - United States KW - reflection KW - subsidence KW - Crescent City California KW - algae KW - Cenozoic KW - California KW - acoustical methods KW - diatoms KW - Invertebrata KW - paleosols KW - Mollusca KW - shells KW - Plantae KW - Protista KW - Saint George Formation KW - geophysical methods KW - Miocene KW - Bivalvia KW - provenance KW - Del Norte County California KW - Tertiary KW - plate tectonics KW - paleoenvironment KW - Neogene KW - upper Miocene KW - unconformities KW - microfossils KW - Silicoflagellata KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52098449?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=California+Geology&rft.atitle=Marine+inundation+of+a+late+Miocene+forest%3B+stratigraphy+and+tectonic+evolution+of+the+Saint+George+Formation%2C+Crescent+City%2C+California&rft.au=Robinson%2C+Dane+T%3BAalto%2C+Ken+R%3BBarron%2C+John+A%3BErwin%2C+Diane+M%3BJayko%2C+Angela+S&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Dane&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=California+Geology&rft.issn=00264555&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CGEOAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acoustical methods; algae; Bivalvia; California; Cenozoic; Crescent City California; Del Norte County California; diatoms; geophysical methods; Invertebrata; microfossils; Miocene; Mollusca; Neogene; paleoenvironment; paleosols; Plantae; plate tectonics; Protista; provenance; reflection; Saint George Formation; shells; Silicoflagellata; subsidence; Tertiary; unconformities; United States; upper Miocene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characteristics of PAHs, PCDD/Fs and PCBs in sediment following forest fires in northern Alberta AN - 52097740; 2002-046271 JF - Chemosphere (Oxford) AU - Gabos, Stephan AU - Ikonomou, Michael G AU - Schlopflocher, Donald AU - Fowler, Brian R AU - White, Jay AU - Prepas, Ellie AU - Prince, Dennis AU - Chen, Weiping A2 - Birnbaum, L. S. A2 - Fiedler, H. A2 - Goldman, L. A2 - Hutzinger, O. A2 - Matthies, M. A2 - Needham, L. L. A2 - Patterson, D. G., Jr. A2 - Rappe, C. A2 - Safe, S. H. Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 709 EP - 719 PB - Pergamon VL - 43 IS - 4-7 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - terrestrial environment KW - enrichment KW - PCBs KW - combustion KW - Alberta KW - fires KW - arctic environment KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - particulate materials KW - forests KW - concentration KW - pollutants KW - northern Alberta KW - pollution KW - atmosphere KW - PCDDs KW - boreal environment KW - polychlorinated dibenzofurans KW - organic compounds KW - Canada KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Western Canada KW - point sources KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52097740?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Characteristics+of+PAHs%2C+PCDD%2FFs+and+PCBs+in+sediment+following+forest+fires+in+northern+Alberta&rft.au=Gabos%2C+Stephan%3BIkonomou%2C+Michael+G%3BSchlopflocher%2C+Donald%3BFowler%2C+Brian+R%3BWhite%2C+Jay%3BPrepas%2C+Ellie%3BPrince%2C+Dennis%3BChen%2C+Weiping&rft.aulast=Gabos&rft.aufirst=Stephan&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=4-7&rft.spage=709&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00456535 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Nineteenth symposium on Halogenated organic pollutants and POPs; Dioxin '99 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CMSHAF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alberta; arctic environment; aromatic hydrocarbons; atmosphere; boreal environment; Canada; chlorinated hydrocarbons; combustion; concentration; enrichment; fires; forests; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; northern Alberta; organic compounds; particulate materials; PCBs; PCDDs; point sources; pollutants; pollution; polychlorinated dibenzofurans; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; sediments; terrestrial environment; Western Canada ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparisons of PCBs dechlorination occurrences in various contaminated sediments AN - 52097349; 2002-046269 JF - Chemosphere (Oxford) AU - Chen, I-Ming AU - Chang, Fang-Cheng AU - Hsu, Ming-Fong AU - Wang, Yei-Shung Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 649 EP - 654 PB - Pergamon VL - 43 IS - 4-7 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Taiwan KW - Far East KW - Tainan Taiwan KW - interlaboratory comparison KW - PCBs KW - laboratory studies KW - Puget Sound KW - decontamination KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - aroclor KW - chemical composition KW - Asia KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - dehalogenation KW - pollution KW - organic compounds KW - Er-Jen River KW - dechlorination KW - chromatograms KW - Hudson River KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52097349?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Comparisons+of+PCBs+dechlorination+occurrences+in+various+contaminated+sediments&rft.au=Chen%2C+I-Ming%3BChang%2C+Fang-Cheng%3BHsu%2C+Ming-Fong%3BWang%2C+Yei-Shung&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=I-Ming&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=4-7&rft.spage=649&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00456535 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Nineteenth symposium on Halogenated organic pollutants and POPs; Dioxin '99 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - CODEN - CMSHAF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aroclor; Asia; chemical composition; chlorinated hydrocarbons; chromatograms; concentration; dechlorination; decontamination; dehalogenation; Er-Jen River; experimental studies; Far East; halogenated hydrocarbons; Hudson River; interlaboratory comparison; laboratory studies; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; Puget Sound; sediments; surface water; Tainan Taiwan; Taiwan; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental contamination with polychlorinated biphenyls in the area of their former manufacture in Slovakia AN - 52097319; 2002-046267 JF - Chemosphere (Oxford) AU - Kocan, Anton AU - Petrik, Jan AU - Jursa, Stanislav AU - Chovancova, Jana AU - Drobna, Beata Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 595 EP - 600 PB - Pergamon VL - 43 IS - 4-7 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Stropkov Slovakia KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Slovakia KW - landfills KW - PCBs KW - Europe KW - chemical waste KW - Central Europe KW - sediments KW - drainage basins KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - discharge KW - soils KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - human activity KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - biota KW - habitat KW - organic compounds KW - industrial waste KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52097319?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Environmental+contamination+with+polychlorinated+biphenyls+in+the+area+of+their+former+manufacture+in+Slovakia&rft.au=Kocan%2C+Anton%3BPetrik%2C+Jan%3BJursa%2C+Stanislav%3BChovancova%2C+Jana%3BDrobna%2C+Beata&rft.aulast=Kocan&rft.aufirst=Anton&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=4-7&rft.spage=595&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00456535 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Nineteenth symposium on Halogenated organic pollutants and POPs; Dioxin '99 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-20 N1 - CODEN - CMSHAF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biota; Central Europe; chemical waste; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; discharge; drainage basins; Europe; habitat; halogenated hydrocarbons; human activity; industrial waste; landfills; monitoring; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; sediments; Slovakia; soils; Stropkov Slovakia; surface water; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence for the presence of a widespread PCDD source in coastal sediments and soils from Queensland, Australia AN - 52097260; 2002-046264 JF - Chemosphere (Oxford) AU - Gaus, Caroline AU - Paepke, Olaf AU - Dennison, Nigel AU - Haynes, David AU - Shaw, Glen R AU - Connell, Des W AU - Mueller, Jochen F A2 - Birnbaum, L. S. A2 - Fiedler, H. A2 - Goldman, L. A2 - Hutzinger, O. A2 - Matthies, M. A2 - Needham, L. L. A2 - Patterson, D. G., Jr. A2 - Rappe, C. A2 - Safe, S. H. Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 549 EP - 558 PB - Pergamon VL - 43 IS - 4-7 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Southwest Pacific KW - detection limit KW - rivers and streams KW - West Pacific KW - irrigation KW - isomers KW - transport KW - Coral Sea KW - Queensland Australia KW - sediments KW - drainage basins KW - Australia KW - discharge KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - concentration KW - Australasia KW - pollutants KW - drainage KW - pollution KW - Great Barrier Reef KW - South Pacific KW - PCDDs KW - polychlorinated dibenzofurans KW - organic compounds KW - Pacific Ocean KW - coastal environment KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52097260?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Evidence+for+the+presence+of+a+widespread+PCDD+source+in+coastal+sediments+and+soils+from+Queensland%2C+Australia&rft.au=Gaus%2C+Caroline%3BPaepke%2C+Olaf%3BDennison%2C+Nigel%3BHaynes%2C+David%3BShaw%2C+Glen+R%3BConnell%2C+Des+W%3BMueller%2C+Jochen+F&rft.aulast=Gaus&rft.aufirst=Caroline&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=4-7&rft.spage=549&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00456535 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Nineteenth symposium on Halogenated organic pollutants and POPs; Dioxin '99 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CMSHAF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australasia; Australia; coastal environment; concentration; Coral Sea; detection limit; discharge; drainage; drainage basins; Great Barrier Reef; hydrology; irrigation; isomers; land use; organic compounds; Pacific Ocean; PCDDs; pollutants; pollution; polychlorinated dibenzofurans; Queensland Australia; rivers and streams; sediments; soils; South Pacific; Southwest Pacific; transport; West Pacific ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Study on exploitation of groundwater at headstream area of Xiaofu River AN - 52025114; 2003-010649 AB - Groundwater control and recharge to the downstream in Nanshentou-Yaoguang area is studied systematically by using numerical simulation and optimal control modeling. Nanshentou-Yaoguang area is located at the headstream valley of Xiaofu River in Zibo city, Shandong province, which provides the groundwater resource to the whole valley. Shentou-Xihe fault is selected as the north boundary. The west boundary is Yuwangshan fault. The east and south boundaries are both water divide between Xiaofu River and Zi River. The groundwater of the area comes mainly from precipitation and partly from the supply of west mountainous area. There are 36 wells discharging from the Ordovician fracture-karst aquifer. According to the hydrogeological characteristics of its top aquifer, fracture-karst aquifer is therefore considered as objective aquifer. The frequent tectonic movements in geological history make the aquifer heterogeneous and anisotropic. Because of the difference in hydrogeological conditions, precipitation and discharge, the confined aquifer and the phreatic aquifer appears alternatively. According to dynamic characteristics of groundwater of the areas, the Ordovician fracture karst aquifer system can be described as a two-dimensional numerical model. The wells, rainfall, spring, river recharge and boundary supply are all included. There are 9 hydrogeological parameter zones and 8 precipitation zones. The ground water flow is simulated successfully in this model. Then a forecast model is set up to meet the requirement of local development. Thus, recharge to the downstream is calculated using the finite element method. With the operational research and system technology theory, an optimal control model is built up. The objective is to minimize pumping costs over entire planning area. The model is subjected to the planned well's capacities and water demands. The recharge to the downstream is studied more scientifically by programming the wells' discharging. Compared to the non-programming recharge, the recharge to downstream increases by 6,900 m (super 3) per day, while the cone of depression becomes smaller. It is beneficial to the ecological balance and the environment conservation. JF - Gaoxiao Dizhi Xuebao = Geological Journal of China Universities AU - Wang, Haoran AU - Zhu, Guorong AU - Wang, Xiaoqin Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 237 EP - 244 PB - Gai Kan Bianjibu, Nanjing VL - 7 IS - 2 SN - 1006-7493, 1006-7493 KW - Far East KW - numerical models KW - statistical analysis KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - finite element analysis KW - recharge KW - Zibo China KW - Xiaofu River KW - water regimes KW - Shandong China KW - Asia KW - China KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52025114?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gaoxiao+Dizhi+Xuebao+%3D+Geological+Journal+of+China+Universities&rft.atitle=Study+on+exploitation+of+groundwater+at+headstream+area+of+Xiaofu+River&rft.au=Wang%2C+Haoran%3BZhu%2C+Guorong%3BWang%2C+Xiaoqin&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Haoran&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Gaoxiao+Dizhi+Xuebao+%3D+Geological+Journal+of+China+Universities&rft.issn=10067493&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.oriprobe.com/journals/gxdzxb.html LA - Chinese DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - Document feature - 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Asia; China; Far East; finite element analysis; ground water; numerical models; recharge; Shandong China; statistical analysis; water regimes; Xiaofu River; Zibo China ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioluxing for enhanced bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons AN - 52023609; 2003-012773 AB - Bioluxing is an innovative in situ remediation technology that utilizes jetting and hydraulic fracturing techniques to create large porous networks within contaminated soil and groundwater zones. These subsurface networks can be installed a great depths and in a variety of soil types. They make effective distribution systems for the repeated delivery of contaminant degrading bacteria, nutrients, electron acceptors/donors to stimulate biodegradation processes in the impacted subsurface zones. This paper will discuss the application of this technology for enhanced remediation of petroleum hydrocarbons and MTBE as part of a Cooperative U.S. EPA-Industry Demonstration Project at the Flathead Indian Reservation in Montana. This project represents one of only three projects nationwide that are evaluating the efficacy of bioaugmentation for the remediation of MTBE impacted groundwater systems. Two previous pilot demonstration tests at the U.S. Navy Port Hueneme site have indicated that bioaugmentation with specific MTBE degrading microorganisms is effective in enhancing the in situ biodegradation of MTBE impacted aquifers. A bacterium designated PM1 isolated by researchers at the University of California Davis was used for this demonstration. Sixty liters of the culture was prepared on an MTBE mineral medium. The culture was inoculated onto a porous ceramic (Isolite�) at a density of 107 bacteria per gram. Using hydraulic fracturing technology, the colonized Isolite was emplaced into fractures lenses within the groundwater flow path. In addition to the colonized Isolite, slow release fertilizer was also emplaced within the lenses to provide nitrogen and phosphorous necessary for microbial growth and degradative activity. Oxygen was provided by two methods; a slow release oxygen compound and air sparging. Sampling and analysis for BTEX and MTBE levels is being performed monthly for the first 3 months of the program and quarterly thereafter. JF - Annual Meeting Expanded Abstracts - American Association of Petroleum Geologists AU - Meiggs, Theodore AU - Fleischman, Jeffery J AU - Davis-Hoover, Wendy AU - Stavnes, Sandy AU - Mahaffey, William R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 132 EP - 133 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists (AAPG), Tulsa, OK VL - 2001 SN - 0094-0038, 0094-0038 KW - United States KW - soils KW - hydraulic fracturing KW - technology KW - in situ KW - pollution KW - petroleum KW - bioremediation KW - BTEX KW - bioluxing KW - remediation KW - Montana KW - ground water KW - nutrients KW - ethers KW - organic compounds KW - methyl tert-butyl ether KW - Flathead Indian Reservation KW - northwestern Montana KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - water pollution KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52023609?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=Bioluxing+for+enhanced+bioremediation+of+petroleum+hydrocarbons&rft.au=Meiggs%2C+Theodore%3BFleischman%2C+Jeffery+J%3BDavis-Hoover%2C+Wendy%3BStavnes%2C+Sandy%3BMahaffey%2C+William+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Meiggs&rft.aufirst=Theodore&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=2001&rft.issue=&rft.spage=132&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=00940038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Association of Petroleum Geologists 2001 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - APGAB2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; bacteria; bioluxing; bioremediation; BTEX; ethers; Flathead Indian Reservation; ground water; hydraulic fracturing; hydrocarbons; in situ; methyl tert-butyl ether; Montana; northwestern Montana; nutrients; organic compounds; petroleum; pollution; remediation; soils; technology; United States; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sewer and tank flushing for sediment, corrosion, and pollution control AN - 52010226; 2003-023192 AB - This paper presents an overview of causes of sewer deterioration together with a discussion of control methods that can prevent or arrest this deterioration. In particular, this paper covers inline and combined sewer overflow storage tank flushing systems for removal of sediments and minimization of hydrogen sulfide weather periods, sanitary wastewater solids deposited in combined sewer systems can generate hydrogen sulfide and methane gases due to anaerobic conditions. Sulfates are reduced to hydrogen sulfide gas that can then be oxidized to sulfuric acid on pipes and structure walls by further biochemical transformation. Furthermore, these solids deposits or sediments are discharged to the urban streams during storm events that can cause degradation of receiving-water quality. Thus, dry-weather sewer sedimentation not only creates hazardous conditions and sewer degradation but contributes significant pollutant loads to the urban receiving waters during wet-weather high-flow periods. Performance of two technologies [i.e., the tipping flusher and the flushing gate (FG)] was evaluated by a detailed examination of 18 facilities in Germany, Canada, and United States. As a result, both the tipping flusher and FG technology appear to be the most cost-effective means for flushing solids and debris from combined sewer overflow-storage tanks, while the FG is considered to be the most efficient method for flushing large diameter, flat sewers. In addition, capsulated reviews of several cost-effectiveness analyses are reported demonstrating the comparative benefits of flushing technology. JF - Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management AU - Fan, Chi-Yuan AU - Field, Richard AU - Pisano, William C AU - Barsanti, James AU - Joyce, James J AU - Sorenson, Harvey A2 - Field, Richard A2 - Tafuri, Anthony N. A2 - Fan, Chi-Yuan Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 194 EP - 201 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, New York, NY VL - 127 IS - 3 SN - 0733-9496, 0733-9496 KW - hydrology KW - corrosion KW - sewage KW - sediment transport KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - stormwater KW - hydrogen sulfide KW - urbanization KW - urban environment KW - remediation KW - mitigation KW - runoff KW - construction KW - design KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52010226?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.atitle=Sewer+and+tank+flushing+for+sediment%2C+corrosion%2C+and+pollution+control&rft.au=Fan%2C+Chi-Yuan%3BField%2C+Richard%3BPisano%2C+William+C%3BBarsanti%2C+James%3BJoyce%2C+James+J%3BSorenson%2C+Harvey&rft.aulast=Fan&rft.aufirst=Chi-Yuan&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=127&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=194&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.issn=07339496&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/wro/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Water resources planning and management conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JWRMD5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - construction; corrosion; design; hydrogen sulfide; hydrology; mitigation; pollutants; pollution; remediation; runoff; sediment transport; sewage; stormwater; urban environment; urbanization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New results and research needs on sediment movement in urban drainage AN - 52009648; 2003-023191 AB - The Environmental and Water Resources Institute of ASCE has established a task committee to study the problem of sediment movements in urban drainage systems and to make recommendations for new research and for design and modeling improvements. This paper is an initial part of this effort; it addresses a review of related publications within the past 7 years. Sediments can cause sewer blockage, surcharge, early overflows, and large pollutant discharges; their removal is costly. The review of the recent literature shows that much progress on this problem has been made in Europe and that fundamental and applied research and development in the United States is urgently needed. JF - Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management AU - Delleur, Jacques W A2 - Field, Richard A2 - Tafuri, Anthony N. A2 - Fan, Chi-Yuan Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 186 EP - 193 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, New York, NY VL - 127 IS - 3 SN - 0733-9496, 0733-9496 KW - hydrology KW - sewage KW - sediment transport KW - pollutants KW - drainage KW - water management KW - pollution KW - stormwater KW - urbanization KW - urban environment KW - two-dimensional models KW - runoff KW - mathematical methods KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52009648?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.atitle=New+results+and+research+needs+on+sediment+movement+in+urban+drainage&rft.au=Delleur%2C+Jacques+W&rft.aulast=Delleur&rft.aufirst=Jacques&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=127&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=186&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.issn=07339496&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/wro/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Water resources planning and management conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 67 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JWRMD5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - drainage; hydrology; mathematical methods; pollutants; pollution; runoff; sediment transport; sewage; stormwater; two-dimensional models; urban environment; urbanization; water management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water resources planning and management conference AN - 52009496; 2003-023190 JF - Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management A2 - Field, Richard A2 - Tafuri, Anthony N. A2 - Fan, Chi-Yuan Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 143 EP - 201 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, New York, NY VL - 127 IS - 3 SN - 0733-9496, 0733-9496 KW - hydrology KW - best management practices KW - mitigation KW - symposia KW - pollutants KW - runoff KW - water management KW - pollution KW - urbanization KW - urban environment KW - remediation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52009496?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.atitle=Water+resources+planning+and+management+conference&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=127&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.issn=07339496&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/wro/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Water resources planning and management conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. tables N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JWRMD5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - best management practices; hydrology; mitigation; pollutants; pollution; remediation; runoff; symposia; urban environment; urbanization; water management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Historical reconstruction of a highly polluted estuary using Foraminifera as proxies, New Bedford Harbor, Massachusetts AN - 51968082; 2003-050281 JF - PaleoBios AU - Tobin, R AU - Scott, David B AU - Latimer, J M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 126 PB - University of California, Museum of Paleontology, Berkeley, CA VL - 21 IS - 2, Suppl. SN - 0031-0298, 0031-0298 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - benthic taxa KW - Protista KW - human activity KW - PCBs KW - pollution KW - cores KW - Foraminifera KW - estuaries KW - organic compounds KW - Bristol County Massachusetts KW - New Bedford Harbor KW - Massachusetts KW - sediments KW - New Bedford Massachusetts KW - Invertebrata KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - ecology KW - estuarine environment KW - Superfund sites KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51968082?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PaleoBios&rft.atitle=Historical+reconstruction+of+a+highly+polluted+estuary+using+Foraminifera+as+proxies%2C+New+Bedford+Harbor%2C+Massachusetts&rft.au=Tobin%2C+R%3BScott%2C+David+B%3BLatimer%2C+J+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tobin&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=2%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=126&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=PaleoBios&rft.issn=00310298&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/museum/PBSI.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - NAPC 2001, North American paleontological convention 2001, Paleontology in the new millennium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PLBIAZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - benthic taxa; Bristol County Massachusetts; chlorinated hydrocarbons; cores; ecology; estuaries; estuarine environment; Foraminifera; halogenated hydrocarbons; human activity; Invertebrata; Massachusetts; New Bedford Harbor; New Bedford Massachusetts; organic compounds; PCBs; pollution; Protista; sediments; Superfund sites; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dioxin cycling in aquatic sediments; the Passaic River Estuary AN - 50310686; 2002-046268 JF - Chemosphere (Oxford) AU - Fu, Q Shiang AU - Barkovskii, Andrei L AU - Adriaens, Peter A2 - Birnbaum, L. S. A2 - Fiedler, H. A2 - Goldman, L. A2 - Hutzinger, O. A2 - Matthies, M. A2 - Needham, L. L. A2 - Patterson, D. G., Jr. A2 - Rappe, C. A2 - Safe, S. H. Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 643 EP - 648 PB - Pergamon VL - 43 IS - 4-7 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - United States KW - Passaic River KW - humic acids KW - sediments KW - estuarine environment KW - saline composition KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - air-water interface KW - pollutants KW - dehalogenation KW - pollution KW - fresh-water environment KW - dioxins KW - nearshore environment KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - humic substances KW - dissolved materials KW - dechlorination KW - New Jersey KW - aquatic environment KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50310686?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Dioxin+cycling+in+aquatic+sediments%3B+the+Passaic+River+Estuary&rft.au=Fu%2C+Q+Shiang%3BBarkovskii%2C+Andrei+L%3BAdriaens%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Fu&rft.aufirst=Q&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=4-7&rft.spage=643&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00456535 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Nineteenth symposium on Halogenated organic pollutants and POPs; Dioxin '99 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CMSHAF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air-water interface; aquatic environment; Atlantic Coastal Plain; biodegradation; concentration; dechlorination; dehalogenation; dioxins; dissolved materials; estuarine environment; fresh-water environment; humic acids; humic substances; microorganisms; nearshore environment; New Jersey; organic acids; organic compounds; Passaic River; pollutants; pollution; saline composition; sediments; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transient storage and hyporheic flow along the Willamette River, Oregon; field measurements and model estimates AN - 50157732; 2002-020092 AB - Transient storage is a measure of the exchange of main channel flow with subsurface hyporheic flow and surface water dead zones. Hyporheic flow, in which river water enters the channel bed and banks to reemerge downstream, promotes biochemical processes that are important for water quality and aquatic habitat. Previous studies have quantified transient storage and hyporheic flow on small streams but were not specifically developed to identify both of these processes over long reaches of large rivers. We studied transient storage on the eighth-order upper Willamette River, which flows through high- porosity gravel deposits conducive to hyporheic flow. We used main channel dye tracer studies and solute transport modeling to estimate transient storage on nine study reaches in a 26-km-long study area. We also took dye measurements within the transient storage zone to identify transient storage flow paths. We obtained estimates of transient storage exchange coefficient, alpha (sub s ) (mean equals 1.6 X 10 (super -4) s (super -1) ), and transient storage to main channel cross-sectional area, A (sub s ) /A (mean equal to 0.28), that show that significant amounts of water follow flow paths with 0.2-30 hour transient storage zone residence times. Our dye measurements from the transient storage zone itself showed the occurrence of both subsurface and surface flow paths, confirming that hyporheic flow is an important component of estimated transient storage. We found that the two highest A (sub s ) /Aestimates were for reaches that spanned the only length of active main channel in our study area that is unconstrained and where the river can rework large gravel deposits. Much of the natural channel complexity that historically promoted hyporheic flow no longer exists on the upper Willamette River. River management targeting the ecological functions provided by hyporheic flow might best focus on restoring historic hydrogeomorphic processes for creating sites conducive to hyporheic flow. Copyright 2001 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Fernald, Alexander G AU - Wigington, P J, Jr AU - Landers, Dixon H Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 1681 EP - 1694 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 37 IS - 6 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - hyporheic flow KW - clastic sediments KW - surface water KW - rivers and streams KW - dye tracers KW - channels KW - gravel KW - fluid dynamics KW - porosity KW - models KW - Oregon KW - transient storage KW - streamflow KW - sediments KW - Willamette River KW - storage KW - field studies KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50157732?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Transient+storage+and+hyporheic+flow+along+the+Willamette+River%2C+Oregon%3B+field+measurements+and+model+estimates&rft.au=Fernald%2C+Alexander+G%3BWigington%2C+P+J%2C+Jr%3BLanders%2C+Dixon+H&rft.aulast=Fernald&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1681&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2000WR900338 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - channels; clastic sediments; dye tracers; field studies; fluid dynamics; gravel; hydrology; hyporheic flow; models; Oregon; porosity; rivers and streams; sediments; storage; streamflow; surface water; transient storage; United States; Willamette River DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000WR900338 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DESCRIPTION AND EVALUATION OF A SHORT-TERM REPRODUCTION TEST WITH THE FATHEAD MINNOW (PIMEPHALES PROMELAS) AN - 20198616; 7290632 AB - Due to the time and expense associated with full life-cycle testing, most current toxicity tests with fish do not explicitly consider reproductive output as an endpoint but, rather, focus on early life-stage survival and development. However, some classes of chemicals could adversely impact reproduction at concentrations below those that affect development. Further, estimates of the effects of toxic compounds on reproductive output can be critical to the ecological risk assessment process. In this manuscript, we describe a short-term reproduction test with the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) and evaluate the test using two model reproductive toxicants, methoxychlor (an estrogenic compound) and methyltestosterone (an androgenic chemical). The test is initiated with reproductively mature animals and is comprised of a pre-exposure phase of 14 to 21 d, followed by a chemical exposure of up to 21 d. During and at completion of the test, several endpoints related to reproductive fitness and endocrine function are assessed. Both chemicals evaluated in our study caused a significant decrease in fecundity of the fish at nominal concentrations of 5.0 mu g/L (methoxychlor) and 0.2 mg/L (methyltestosterone). Methoxychlor decreased plasma concentrations of one or more steroids (testosterone, 11- ketotestosterone, beta -estradiol) in both sexes and caused a significant induction of plasma vitellogenin in males, a response consistent with activation of the estrogen receptor by the pesticide (or its metabolites). Methyltestosterone decreased plasma concentrations of sex steroids and adversely affected gonadal status (as evaluated by relative weight and histopathology) in both sexes. The androgenic nature of methyltestosterone was clearly expressed as masculinization of exposed females via formation of nuptial tubercles, structures normally present only in reproductively active males. The chemical also caused a significant induction of plasma vitellogenin in both males and females; this unexpected estrogenic response was most likely due to aromatization of the androgen to a form capable of binding to the estrogen receptor. These studies demonstrate the utility of this short-term assay for identifying chemicals that exert reproductive toxicity through alterations in endocrine systems controlled by estrogens and androgens. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Ankley, Gerald T AU - Jensen, Kathleen M AU - Kahl, Michael D AU - Korte, Joseph J AU - Makynen, Elizabeth A AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Boulevard, Duluth, Minnesota 55804 Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 1276 EP - 1290 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. PO Box 1897 Lawrence KS 66044 USA, [mailto:webmaster@allenpress.com] VL - 20 IS - 6 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Fathead minnow KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Reproduction KW - Endocrine function KW - Toxicity KW - Fitness KW - Toxicants KW - life cycle analysis KW - Histopathology KW - Toxicity tests KW - Sex hormones KW - Endocrine system KW - Testing Procedures KW - Receptors KW - Developmental stages KW - Fathead Minnows KW - Methyltestosterone KW - Sexual Reproduction KW - Testosterone KW - Fecundity KW - Fish physiology KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Endocrinology KW - Methoxychlor KW - Fish KW - survival KW - estrogens KW - Chemicals KW - Risk assessment KW - Survival KW - Metabolites KW - Model Testing KW - steroids KW - Models KW - fecundity KW - Assessments KW - Steroids KW - Steroid hormones KW - Vitellogenin KW - Pesticides KW - Estrogen receptors KW - Androgens KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - Q1 08442:Population dynamics KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20198616?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=DESCRIPTION+AND+EVALUATION+OF+A+SHORT-TERM+REPRODUCTION+TEST+WITH+THE+FATHEAD+MINNOW+%28PIMEPHALES+PROMELAS%29&rft.au=Ankley%2C+Gerald+T%3BJensen%2C+Kathleen+M%3BKahl%2C+Michael+D%3BKorte%2C+Joseph+J%3BMakynen%2C+Elizabeth+A&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=Gerald&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1276&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/10.1897%2F1551-5028%282001%290202.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fecundity; Fish physiology; Endocrinology; Receptors; Reproduction; Toxicity; Steroids; Toxicity tests; Sex hormones; Risk assessment; Fitness; Toxicants; Survival; Developmental stages; Metabolites; Methyltestosterone; Steroid hormones; Models; Testosterone; Vitellogenin; Pesticides; Methoxychlor; Endocrine system; Estrogen receptors; Androgens; fecundity; Chemicals; life cycle analysis; Histopathology; steroids; survival; estrogens; Testing Procedures; Assessments; Water Pollution Effects; Fathead Minnows; Fish; Model Testing; Sexual Reproduction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1897/1551-5028(2001)020<1276:DAEOAS>2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protocol for the determination of selected neutral and acidic semi-volatile organic contaminants in fish tissue AN - 18853754; 5604865 AB - Progress toward the development of a protocol for the determination of a broad spectrum of organic compounds in fish tissue is reported. Finely ground and homogenized fish tissue samples were Soxhlet extracted. Phenolic compounds in the extracts were acetylated and the derivatized extract containing the acetates and neutral semi-volatiles was cleaned up with silica gel and size-exclusion column chromatography. These semi-volatile organic compounds were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The method is evaluated for recovery and precision of selected analytes during the analysis of over 300 fish tissue samples of varying species in support of contaminant determination in fish tissue from the Columbia/Snake River watershed. JF - Journal of Chromatography A AU - Araki, R Y AU - Dodo, G H AU - Reimer, SH AU - Knight, M M AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Manchester Environmental Laboratory, 7411 Beach Drive East, Port Orchard, WA 98366, USA, knight.peggy@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - Jun 2001 SP - 177 EP - 185 VL - 923 IS - 1-2 SN - 0021-9673, 0021-9673 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts KW - USA, Snake R. KW - Tissues KW - Volatile materials KW - Chromatographic techniques KW - Fish (see also Individual groups) KW - USA, Columbia R. KW - Tissues (Biological) KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Phenols KW - Pisces KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Analytical techniques KW - Volatile compounds KW - Organic compounds KW - Chemical pollutants KW - Pollution (Water) KW - Q1 08346:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18853754?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chromatography+A&rft.atitle=Protocol+for+the+determination+of+selected+neutral+and+acidic+semi-volatile+organic+contaminants+in+fish+tissue&rft.au=Araki%2C+R+Y%3BDodo%2C+G+H%3BReimer%2C+SH%3BKnight%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=Araki&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=923&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Chromatography+A&rft.issn=00219673&rft_id=info:doi/1.0.1016%2FS0021-9673%2801%2900997-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tissues; Bioaccumulation; Chromatographic techniques; Analytical techniques; Volatile compounds; Freshwater fish; Chemical pollutants; Phenols; Volatile materials; Fish (see also Individual groups); Tissues (Biological); Organic compounds; Pollution (Water); Pisces; USA, Snake R.; USA, Columbia R.; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/1.0.1016/S0021-9673(01)00997-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Subchronic Exposure of [ super(3)H]-2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in Female B6C3F1 Mice: Relationship of Steady-State Levels to Disposition and Metabolism AN - 18813559; 5700252 AB - The present study of subchronic low exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) at or near steady-state levels tries to emulate the most probable mode for human exposure, dietary consumption. This study is the first and most intensive pharmacokinetic study to be reported with repeated dosing, multiple times, and multiple doses examining disposition of TCDD-derived radioactivity and CYP1A activities in mice. For time-course relationships, animals were dosed (daily, Monday-Friday) with 0, 1.5, or 150 ng [ super(3)H]TCDD/kg for 4, 8, 13, or 17 weeks and also for 13 weeks followed by 4 weeks with no dosing. For dose-response relationships, animals were dosed for 13 weeks (daily, Monday-Friday) with 0, 0.15, 0.45, 1.5, 4.5, 15, 45, 150, or 450 ng [ super(3)H]TCDD/kg. Additional animals dosed for 13 weeks (daily, Monday-Friday) with 1.5 or 150 ng [ super(3)H]TCDD/kg were housed in metabolism cages. Time- and dose-dependencies of TCDD were confirmed in all measured tissues. Liver/fat (L/F) concentration ratios ranged from 0.2-3.4 (low to high dose). Hepatic CYP1A1 enzymatic activity increased (p < 0.05) starting at 0.15 ng/kg/day with L/F of 0.2 and body burden of 2.8 ng TCDD/kg body weight. By examining TCDD exposures at or near steady state, this study reports for the first time and provides direct evidence of low-dose effects on a measured reversible response at body burdens that are within background levels of the general human population. In addition, this study emphasizes cumulative effects of daily dosing and suggests the importance of tissue dosimetry or body burden for a persistent chemical such as TCDD. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Diliberto, J J AU - DeVito, MJ AU - Ross, D G AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, ORD, NHEERL, ETD, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - Jun 2001 SP - 241 EP - 255 VL - 61 IS - 2 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - disposition KW - metabolism KW - mice KW - pharmacokinetics KW - tissues KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24153:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18813559?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Subchronic+Exposure+of+%5B+super%283%29H%5D-2%2C3%2C7%2C8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+%28TCDD%29+in+Female+B6C3F1+Mice%3A+Relationship+of+Steady-State+Levels+to+Disposition+and+Metabolism&rft.au=Diliberto%2C+J+J%3BDeVito%2C+MJ%3BRoss%2C+D+G%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Diliberto&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of a Pharmacokinetic Model to Assess Chlorpyrifos Exposure and Dose in Children, Based on Urinary Biomarker Measurements AN - 18812326; 5700265 AB - Chlorpyrifos is a common agricultural insecticide and has been used residentially in the United States until the year 2000 when this use was restricted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA). A chlorpyrifos metabolite, 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy) has been found in urine samples collected during exposure field studies. In this work, we use urinary biomarker data and the inverse solution of a simple pharmacokinetic (PK) model for chlorpyrifos to estimate the magnitude and timing of doses. Three urine samples were collected on separate days from each of 15 children (ages 3-12) who were participants in the Minnesota Children's Pesticide Exposure Study (MNCPES). The total volume of urine was noted and samples analyzed for TCPy. The urinary data was used along with constraints imposed on dose timing, based on responses of the individuals to pesticide-use surveys. We predicted the time and magnitude of multiple "event" exposures characterized by short-term, relatively high doses superimposed over a continuous background exposure. The average dose of chlorpyrifos predicted by the model was 1.61 mu g/kg per reported event. Average background dose rate for these children that reported exposure events was 0.0062 mu g/kg/h, or 0.15 mu g/kg/day. In addition to predicting the total dose of chlorpyrifos received by an individual from urinary biomarker measurements, the model can then be run in a forward manner once the exposure regime is determined. This will allow the prediction of the total amount of TCPy eliminated in the urine over any time period of interest. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Rigas, M L AU - Okino AU - Quackenboss, J J AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, NV 89193-3478, USA Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - Jun 2001 SP - 374 EP - 381 VL - 61 IS - 2 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - biomarkers KW - chlorpyrifos KW - exposure KW - man KW - pharmacokinetics KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - H 14000:Toxicology KW - X 24133:Metabolism KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18812326?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Use+of+a+Pharmacokinetic+Model+to+Assess+Chlorpyrifos+Exposure+and+Dose+in+Children%2C+Based+on+Urinary+Biomarker+Measurements&rft.au=Rigas%2C+M+L%3BOkino%3BQuackenboss%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Rigas&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=374&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An overview of human exposure modeling activities at the USEPA's National Exposure Research Laboratory AN - 18664413; 5562026 AB - The computational modeling of human exposure to environmental pollutants is one of the primary activities of the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)'s National Exposure Research Laboratory (NERL). Assessment of human exposures is a critical part of the overall risk assessment paradigm. In exposure assessment, we analyze the source-to-dose sequence of processes, in which pollutants are released from sources into the environment, where they may move through multiple environmental media, and to human receptors via multiple pathways. Exposure occurs at the environment-human interface, where pollutants are contacted in the course of human activities. Exposure may result in a dose, by which chemicals enter the body through multiple portals of entry, primarily inhalation, ingestion, and dermal absorption. Within the body, absorbed pollutants are distributed to, metabolized within, and eliminated from various organs and tissues, where they may cause toxicologic responses or adverse health effects. The NERL's modeling efforts are directed at improving our understanding of this sequence of processes, by characterizing the various factors influencing exposures and dose, and their associated variabilities and uncertainties. Modeling at the NERL is one of three essential programmatic elements, along with measurements and methods development. These are pursued interactively to advance our understanding of exposure-related processes. Exposure models are developed and run using the best currently available measurement data to simulate and predict population exposure and dose distributions, and to identify the most important factors and their variabilities and uncertainties. This knowledge is then used to guide the development of improved methods and measurements needed to obtain better data to improve the assessment and reduce critical uncertainties. These models and measurement results are tools that can be used in risk assessments and in risk management decisions in order to reduce harmful exposures. Current areas of the NERL's exposure modeling emphasis include: Pollutant concentrations in ambient (outdoor) air using the Third Generation Air Quality Modeling System's Community Multiscale Air Quality model (Models-3/CMAQ); Air flow and pollutant concentrations at local and microenvironmental scales using computational fluid dynamics (CFD); Human inhalation exposure to airborne particulate matter, air toxics, and multipathway exposure to pesticides, using the Stochastic Human Exposure and Dose Simulation (SHEDS) model; Human and ecological exposure and risk assessments of hazardous waste sites using Framework for Risk Analysis in Multimedia Environmental Systems - Multimedia, Multipathway, Multireceptor Risk Assessment (FRAMES-3MRA), one of many software programs available from the NERL's Center for Exposure Assessment Modeling (CEAM); Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling of pesticides and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the Exposure-Related Dose-Estimating Model (ERDEM). A brief historical overview of the NERL's evolution of human exposure models is presented, with examples of the present state-of-the-science represented by SHEDS and FRAMES-3MRA. JF - Toxicology and Industrial Health AU - Furtaw, EJ Jr AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Human Exposure and Atmospheric Sciences Division, Exposure & Dose Research Branch, 944 East Harmon Avenue, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA, furtaw.ed@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - Jun 2001 SP - 302 EP - 314 VL - 17 IS - 5-10 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - EPA National Exposure Research Laboratory KW - exposure KW - man KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24250:Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18664413?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.atitle=An+overview+of+human+exposure+modeling+activities+at+the+USEPA%27s+National+Exposure+Research+Laboratory&rft.au=Furtaw%2C+EJ+Jr&rft.aulast=Furtaw&rft.aufirst=EJ&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=5-10&rft.spage=302&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/10.1191%2F0748233701th107oa LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0748233701th107oa ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radon in drinking water and indoor air: A unique approach to risk reduction AN - 18598202; 5475100 AB - EPA's proposed National Primary Drinking Water Standard for radon in drinking water is based on a unique multimedia framework for radon in the 1996 amendments to the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). This framework reflects characteristics unique to radon among drinking water contaminants: that the relative cost-effectiveness of reducing risk is substantially greater for a non-drinking water source of exposure - indoor air - than it is from drinking water. In most cases, indoor radon originating in soil under homes is the biggest source of exposure. The risk of lung cancer from breathing radon released to the indoor air during household water uses is also much greater than the risk of internal organ cancers from drinking tap water containing radon. SDWA provides greater regulatory flexibility to reduce costs, yet concurrently get significant radon risk reduction, by introducing two new elements into the proposed radon in drinking water rule: (1) an alternative maximum contaminant level (AMCL) and (2) radon multimedia mitigation (MMM) programs focused on reducing indoor radon levels. Under SDWA, if a State chooses to implement an EPA-approved MMM plan meeting a number of requirements, then community water systems that use ground water or use mixed ground and surface water may comply with a less stringent alternative maximum contaminant limit (AMCL) in lieu of the more stringent maximum contaminant limit (MCL) set for radon in drinking water. If a State does not have an approved MMM plan, then community water systems may choose to submit a program for approval by EPA and comply with the Alternative MCL. This approach is designed to provide States and community water systems the flexibility of choosing an alternative approach for achieving equal, or even greater, radon risk reduction by targeting effort and resources in a multimedia approach that addresses the highest public health risks from radon in indoor air while at the same time reducing the highest radon levels in drinking water. Although a unique approach under SDWA for a drinking water contaminant, this cross-media paradigm, integrating both regulatory and non-regulatory actions, to achieve greater protection of public health at a lower cost than can be achieved solely through single media, regulatory and enforcement actions may have broader application to other environmental health issues. JF - Health Physics AU - Schmidt, A AD - U.S. EPA, MC 6609J, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - Jun 2001 SP - 1 PB - Williams & Wilkins, 351 W. Camden St. Baltimore MD 21201 USA VL - 80 IS - 6 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Water supplies (Potable) KW - Standards (Water quality) KW - EPA KW - Indoor air pollution KW - Environmental health KW - Health KW - Drinking water KW - Water quality standards KW - Radon KW - Environmental protection agencies KW - R2 23030:Natural hazards KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18598202?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=Radon+in+drinking+water+and+indoor+air%3A+A+unique+approach+to+risk+reduction&rft.au=Schmidt%2C+A&rft.aulast=Schmidt&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; Indoor air pollution; Environmental health; Water quality standards; Drinking water; Radon; Standards (Water quality); Water supplies (Potable); Health; Environmental protection agencies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic selection of rats with high and low body temperatures. AN - 1859353054; 11240229 AB - Body (core) temperature (T(c)) directly affects all biological processes, including sensitivity to toxic chemicals, development, aging, and drug metabolism. To understand how T(c) affects these processes it is necessary to alter T(c) independently of other physiological processes. The purpose of this study was to determine whether selective breeding techniques can be used to develop lines of rats with hyperthermic and hypothermic T(c)'s. T(c) and motor activity of 24 female and 23 male rats (parental line) of the NIH heterogenous stock were monitored by telemetry for 96h at a T(a) of 22 degrees C. The mean 24h T(c) of the male and female rats was 37.3 degrees C with a range of 37-38.2 degrees C. T(c) was not correlated with motor activity or body weight. Pairs with the lowest and highest T(c)'s were selected for breeding. The F1 generation consisted of 10 offspring from the hyperthermic group and 20 from the hypothermic group. They were implanted with transmitters at 60d of age. T(c) of rats derived from the hyperthermic parental line had a significantly warmer T(c) than the rats derived from the hypothermic parental line. Motor activity was significantly higher in the hyperthermic F1 males and hypothermic F1 females. Breeding of hyperthermic and hypothermic rats has shown that adult offspring of the fourth generation maintain significantly different core temperatures but have similar patterns of motor activity. The results demonstrate that T(c) is heritable and that it should be feasible to develop lines of rats that regulate T(c) above or below normal. JF - Journal of thermal biology AU - Gordon, C J. AU - Rezvani, A H. AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, 27711, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 223 EP - 229 VL - 26 IS - 3 SN - 0306-4565, 0306-4565 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1859353054?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+thermal+biology&rft.atitle=Genetic+selection+of+rats+with+high+and+low+body+temperatures.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J.%3BRezvani%2C+A+H.&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+thermal+biology&rft.issn=03064565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2001-03-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Symbiodinium spp. isolates from stony coral: isolation, growth characteristics and effects of UV irradiation AN - 18260993; 5321964 AB - Symbiodinium species were isolated from Montipora capitata, Acropora palmata and two field samples of Porites porites. Cultures were grown and maintained on L1 medium prepared with 0.22 mm filtered seawater (34 ppt). Cultures of P. porites (JR02) contained both stationary cocoid cells, cysts and motile gymnodinoid cells. Cocoid cells ranged in size from small cells (10 - 12 mu m) to large cysts (23 - 25 mu m). Mature large cysts contained eight gymnodinoid cells. Cocoid cells of intermediate sizes contained two or four cells which ultimately divided to form the eight-gymnodinoid cells found in the large cysts. In log growth cultures, new cells were derived from the release of the eight-gymnodinoid cells. Large cocoid cysts were not often observed in mature cultures. Gymnodinoid cells were motile and became attached to the container surface where they rapidly spun as do most Symbiodinium sp. At some point the gymnodinoid cells would lose their motility and sink to the base of the container where they would convert to cocoid cells. Cultures of the other isolates contained similar cell types. A laboratory exposure system was developed and exposures to UV light were conducted in a solar simulator over a range of UV doses. Cultured Symbiodinium species demonstrated higher sensitivity to UV than their analogous coral /zooxanthellae complexes. JF - Journal of Phycology AU - Rogers, JE AU - Oliver, L M AU - Hansen, L J AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, Fl 32561 Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - Jun 2001 SP - 43 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 37 IS - s3 SN - 0022-3646, 0022-3646 KW - Elkhorn coral KW - growth KW - isolates KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Symbiodinium KW - Symbionts KW - Laboratory culture KW - Zooxanthellae KW - Porites porites KW - Toxicity KW - Montipora capitata KW - Toxicity tests KW - U.V. radiation KW - Ultraviolet radiation KW - Coral KW - Corals KW - Acropora palmata KW - K 03009:Algae KW - Q1 08226:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - O 1010:Viruses, Bacteria, Protists, Fungi and Plants KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - K 03005:Algae UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18260993?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Phycology&rft.atitle=Symbiodinium+spp.+isolates+from+stony+coral%3A+isolation%2C+growth+characteristics+and+effects+of+UV+irradiation&rft.au=Rogers%2C+JE%3BOliver%2C+L+M%3BHansen%2C+L+J&rft.aulast=Rogers&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=s3&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Phycology&rft.issn=00223646&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Laboratory culture; Symbionts; Zooxanthellae; Ultraviolet radiation; Coral; Toxicity tests; U.V. radiation; Corals; Toxicity; Symbiodinium; Porites porites; Acropora palmata; Montipora capitata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detrital Fruit Processing in a Hawaiian Stream Ecosystem AN - 18191807; 5183520 AB - In temperate forested streams, fruit from riparian trees is generally a minor and seasonal component of the allochthonous detritus. In contrast, riparian fruit input to tropical streams is often high and continuous. Detrital fruit is abundant in some forested Hawaiian streams compared to other forms of riparian detritus, and rates of leaf litter processing, by macroscopic invertebrates are very low. These observations suggested that fruit is an important food resource for detritivores. A microcosm system was used to measure the rates at which two common detrital fruits, guava and mango, were processed by two common detritivores, the prawn Macrobrachium lar and the gastropod Tarebia granifera. Comparisons of fruit weight loss rates normalized by detritivore weight indicated that M. lar processed guavas at significantly higher rates than T. granifera; differences in rates of mango processing by M. lar and T. granifera were not significant. Microcosms containing both M. lar and T. granifera were used to test for interactions between the invertebrates that affected rates of mango processing. No interspecific interactions were detected. A field study was conducted in Kaiwiki Stream, Island of Hawaii, to determine rates of detrital fruit input and export. Detritat fruit was supplied to the study area year-round, with peaks corresponding to summer and autumn fruiting seasons. Guavas and mangos accounted for 85 percent of the fruit biomass entering the stream and 92 percent of the fruit exported from the stream. Mean daily export rates of guava were 7 percent of input, and export rates of mango were 5 percent of input. These measurements suggested that most of the fruit entering the stream is retained and comprises a substantial food resource for detritivores. Comparisons of the biomass-specific rates at which M. lar and T. granifera processed mangos and guavas with the rates at which mangos and guavas entered Kaiwiki Stream suggested that these invertebrates can process most of the detrital fruit in the stream. JF - Biotropica AU - Larned, ST AU - Chong, C T AU - Punewai, N AD - Coastal Ecology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Newport, OR 97365, USA, larned.scott@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 241 EP - 248 VL - 33 IS - 2 SN - 0006-3606, 0006-3606 KW - Guava KW - Mango KW - Monkey river prawn KW - Quilted melania KW - USA, Hawaii KW - fruit KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Rivers KW - Fruits KW - Riparian Vegetation KW - Litter KW - Biodegradation KW - Psidium guajava KW - Trees KW - Mangifera indica KW - USA, Hawaii, Hawaii I., Kaiwiki Stream KW - Freshwater KW - Streams KW - Macrobrachium lar KW - Tarebia granifera KW - Ecology KW - Food Chains KW - Freshwater molluscs KW - Detritus feeders KW - Freshwater crustaceans KW - Riparian vegetation KW - Microcosms KW - Detritus KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes KW - D 04310:Freshwater KW - Q1 08281:General KW - Q1 08482:Ecosystems and energetics KW - Q1 08425:Nutrition and feeding habits KW - Q1 08261:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18191807?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotropica&rft.atitle=Detrital+Fruit+Processing+in+a+Hawaiian+Stream+Ecosystem&rft.au=Larned%2C+ST%3BChong%2C+C+T%3BPunewai%2C+N&rft.aulast=Larned&rft.aufirst=ST&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotropica&rft.issn=00063606&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0006-3606%282001%29033%280241%3ADFPIAH%292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Freshwater molluscs; Litter; Biodegradation; Detritus feeders; Freshwater crustaceans; Riparian vegetation; Fruits; Microcosms; Streams; Ecology; Food Chains; Riparian Vegetation; Trees; Detritus; Psidium guajava; Mangifera indica; Tarebia granifera; Macrobrachium lar; USA, Hawaii, Hawaii I., Kaiwiki Stream; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0006-3606(2001)033(0241:DFPIAH)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting the Formation of Chlorinated and Brominated By-Products AN - 18163973; 5142757 AB - Although disinfection was one of the major public health advances in the last century and continues to be so in the twenty-first century, the disinfectants themselves may react with naturally occurring materials in treated water to form unintended by-products, which may themselves pose risks. This is of particular concern with regard to the use of chlorine. Generation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) has been shown to be a function of various factors including total organic carbon concentration, type of organic precursor, chlorination level, pH, temperature, reaction time, and UV-254 absorbance. Another factor affecting DBP formation is the presence and concentration of the bromide ion in the raw or finished water. Bromine substitutes for chlorine to produce bromine-containing homologues of the more familiar chlorine species. The current list of by-products targeted for regulation contains brominated and mixed bromine-chlorine species of total trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids. These are known to form in bromide-containing waters when chlorinated. To control chlorination DBPs therefore requires an understanding of the factors that influence their formation. This paper presents a model that can be used to predict the formation of chlorinated, brominated, and mixed species compounds based on initial chlorine concentration, chlorine consumption, bromide ion concentration, and pH. The model clearly shows that higher levels of bromide in the water favor the formation of brominated compounds. Brominated compounds also form faster than chlorinated compounds. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Clark, R M AU - Thurnau, R C AU - Sivaganesan, M AU - Ringhand, P AD - National Risk Management Research Laboratory (NRMRL), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - Jun 2001 SP - 493 EP - 501 VL - 127 IS - 6 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Bromates KW - Disinfection KW - Bromine compounds KW - Byproducts KW - Chlorine KW - Health KW - Hydrogen ion concentrations KW - Public Health KW - Water treatment KW - Water Treatment KW - Public-health KW - Chlorination KW - Bromine KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18163973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Predicting+the+Formation+of+Chlorinated+and+Brominated+By-Products&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BThurnau%2C+R+C%3BSivaganesan%2C+M%3BRinghand%2C+P&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=127&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=493&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Disinfection; Bromine compounds; Water treatment; Byproducts; Chlorine; Bromates; Public-health; Health; Chlorination; Hydrogen ion concentrations; Public Health; Water Treatment; Bromine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Submersed Macrophyte Effects on Nutrient Exchanges in Riverine Sediments AN - 18098480; 5166504 AB - Submersed macrophytes are important in nutrient cycling in marine and lacustrine systems, although their role in nutrient exchange in tidally-influenced riverine systems is not well studied. In the laboratory, plants significantly lowered porewater nutrient pools of riverine sediments compared with bare controls. Deep-rooted Vallisneria americana lowered the porewater nutrients to a greater extent than the shallow-rooted Potamogeton pectinatus. V. americana showed significantly higher tissue nutrient content (N in roots, P in leaves) than P. pectinatus. Porewater nutrients in the river increased from spring to summer (1995) when vegetation was at its peak (for porewater PO sub(4)-P, p < 0.05). In 1996, porewater nutrients were higher during peak plant biomass in the summer than in the fall (for porewater PO sub(4)-P, p < 0.05). In the summer (1995) vegetated patches had significantly greater porewater PO sub(4)-P than bare patches. We hypothesize that the concentrating of particulates in riverine grassbeds and subsequent microbial processing may provide an indirect source of nutrients for submersed macrophytes. In tidally-influenced riverine systems, biological mechanisms such as root uptake of nutrients and lateral oxygen release may be masked by the interaction of physical forces (i.e., tides, currents) with the structure of the grassbeds. JF - Estuaries AU - Wigand, C AU - Finn, M AU - Findlay, S AU - Fischer, D AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency--National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882, USA, wigand.cathleen@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - Jun 2001 SP - 398 EP - 406 VL - 24 IS - 3 SN - 0160-8347, 0160-8347 KW - Macrophytes KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Plant Tissues KW - Pore water KW - Potamogeton pectinatus KW - Cycling Nutrients KW - Sediment KW - Nutrients KW - Summer KW - Nutrient cycles KW - Fluvial deposits KW - Plants (see also Aquatic macrophytes) KW - Absorption KW - Rivers KW - Aquatic plants KW - Interstitial waters KW - Interstitial Water KW - Tides KW - Sediments KW - Oxygen KW - Nitrification KW - Vallisneria americana KW - Nitrogen cycle KW - Nutrients (mineral) KW - River beds KW - D 04310:Freshwater KW - Q1 08226:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - Q2 09187:Geochemistry of sediments KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18098480?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries&rft.atitle=Submersed+Macrophyte+Effects+on+Nutrient+Exchanges+in+Riverine+Sediments&rft.au=Wigand%2C+C%3BFinn%2C+M%3BFindlay%2C+S%3BFischer%2C+D&rft.aulast=Wigand&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=398&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries&rft.issn=01608347&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pore water; Nitrification; Fluvial deposits; Aquatic plants; Nitrogen cycle; Summer; Nutrients (mineral); River beds; Rivers; Macrophytes; Nutrient cycles; Sediments; Oxygen; Plants (see also Aquatic macrophytes); Sediment; Interstitial waters; Nutrients; Plant Tissues; Cycling Nutrients; Absorption; Interstitial Water; Tides; Potamogeton pectinatus; Vallisneria americana ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Correlations of Sedimentary Diatoms with Watershed Land Use and Limnological Conditions in Northern New Jersey Lakes AN - 18092349; 5177748 AB - Sedimentary diatoms were collected from 62 New Jersey lakes and correlated with limnological and land use variables. Four diatom attributes (species richness, percentage dominance by a single diatom species, percentage acidobiontic species, percentage eutraphentic species) and 4 diatom indices, Centrales:Pennales (C/P), Araphidinaea:Centrales (A/C), Generic Diatom (GI), and diatom index of biotic integrity (DIBI), were compared to the environmental variables. Lakes were classified as forested lakes ( plus or minus 80% the watershed in forests), mixed land use lakes (21-79% forests), or deforested lakes ( less than or equal to 20% forests) based on the satellite imagery. Forested lakes had significantly lower specific conductance and pH, greater Z sub(SD) and hypolimnetic DO, and less urban land use within their watersheds than either mixed land use or deforested lakes. Forested lakes also had greater species richness, lesser dominance by single species, more acidobiontic diatoms, fewer eutraphentic diatoms, lower C/P, and higher DIBI scores. There were no significant differences among lake classes for A/C or GI indices. The 4 diatom attributes and 4 diatom indices were correlated with each other, though A/C was not significantly correlated with any of the diatom attributes or indices. The remaining 3 diatom indices were highly correlated with taxa richness, percentage dominance, and percentage acidobiontic species. The attributes and indices were variously correlated with the 13 limnological and watershed land use variables, with alkalinity, specific conductance, pH, Z sub(SD), and percentage of the watershed in forests and urban land uses exhibiting the strongest correlations. Canonical correlation analysis revealed significant correlations between the diatom attributes and indices and the environmental axis related to lower alkalinity and pH, and higher Z sub(SD) and percentage of the watershed in forests. Our results suggest that diatom attributes and indices are useful indicators of the ecological condition of lakes and that these attributes and indices respond to human disturbances within a lake's watershed. Of the indices tested, the DIBI appears to be the most useful, significantly correlating with stressors and limnological variables of interest, especially the loss of forests from watersheds. The results support the use of sedimentary diatom attributes and indices for monitoring lake water-quality and watershed land use changes relative the management of these resources. JF - Lake and Reservoir Management AU - Hill, B H AU - Kurtenbach, J P AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Cincinnati, Ohio 4526, USA, hill.brian@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - Jun 2001 SP - 105 EP - 120 VL - 17 IS - 2 SN - 0743-8141, 0743-8141 KW - Diatoms KW - USA, New Jersey KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Land Use KW - Indicators KW - Chemical limnology KW - Limnology KW - Man-induced effects KW - Phytoplankton KW - Freshwater KW - Water Resources Management KW - Water quality KW - Watersheds KW - Species Composition KW - Sediment analysis KW - Lakes KW - Bacillariophyta KW - Alkalinity KW - Correlation Analysis KW - pH KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Cross correlation KW - Water Quality KW - Lake deposits KW - Land use KW - Monitoring KW - Freshwater ecology KW - Indicator species KW - Q1 08382:Ecological techniques and apparatus KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - Q2 09182:Methods and instruments KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18092349?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lake+and+Reservoir+Management&rft.atitle=Correlations+of+Sedimentary+Diatoms+with+Watershed+Land+Use+and+Limnological+Conditions+in+Northern+New+Jersey+Lakes&rft.au=Hill%2C+B+H%3BKurtenbach%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Lake+and+Reservoir+Management&rft.issn=07438141&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental monitoring; Cross correlation; Chemical limnology; Phytoplankton; Diatoms; Man-induced effects; Lake deposits; Watersheds; Water quality; Land use; Sediment analysis; Alkalinity; Freshwater ecology; pH; Indicator species; Land Use; Lakes; Correlation Analysis; Indicators; Water Quality; Limnology; Water Resources Management; Monitoring; Species Composition; Bacillariophyta; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of fluid shear and irradiance on population growth and cellular toxin content of the dinoflagellate Alexandrium fundyense AN - 18079115; 5141553 AB - The potential for in situ turbulence to inhibit dinoflagellate population growth has been demonstrated by experimentally exposing dinoflagellate cultures to quantified shear flow. However, despite interest in understanding environmental factors that affect the growth of toxic dinoflagellates, little is known of the effect of shear on the growth of toxin-producing dinoflagellate species. Cultures of the dinoflagellate, Alexandrium fundyense, a producer of toxins responsible for paralytic shellfish poisoning, were exposed to quantified laminar shear generated in Couette flow for 1-24 h d super(-1) over 6-8 d. Shear stress in all experiments was 0.003 N m super(-2), similar to levels expected in near-surface waters on a windy day. Net population growth decreased with shear exposures >1 h d super(-1) and became negative with exposures >12 h d super(-1). Cellular toxin content at the end of each experiment was measured by a receptor-binding assay that used [ super(3)H]saxitoxin. Toxin cell super(-1) of cultures sheared for >1 h d super(-1) increased up to three times that of control cultures. Cellular toxin content increased significantly as growth rate of sheared cultures decreased. However, varying culture growth rate using irradiance had no significant effect on toxin cell super(-1). Because shear stress levels used in this study were plausible for near-surface turbulent flows, oceanic turbulence may inhibit population growth and increase cellular toxin content of A. fundyense. However, in natural populations it would be difficult to distinguish the effect of turbulence on toxin content from other influences on toxin variability, particularly if volume- or mass-specific, rather than cell-specific, measures of toxin are used. JF - Limnology and Oceanography AU - Juhl, A R AU - Trainer, V L AU - Latz, MI AD - US EPA Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561, USA, juhl.andy@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - Jun 2001 SP - 758 EP - 764 PB - American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc. VL - 46 IS - 4 SN - 0024-3590, 0024-3590 KW - fluid shear KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Shear flow KW - Marine KW - Shear stress KW - Irradiance KW - Water flow KW - Biological poisons KW - Population growth KW - Oceanic turbulence KW - Population dynamics KW - Environmental factors KW - Toxins KW - Light effects KW - Biochemical composition KW - Alexandrium fundyense KW - Dinoflagellates KW - Neurotoxins KW - Paralytic shellfish poisoning KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - X 24172:Plants KW - Q1 08226:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - O 1010:Viruses, Bacteria, Protists, Fungi and Plants KW - D 04627:Algae/lichens KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - K 03039:Algae KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18079115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Limnology+and+Oceanography&rft.atitle=Effect+of+fluid+shear+and+irradiance+on+population+growth+and+cellular+toxin+content+of+the+dinoflagellate+Alexandrium+fundyense&rft.au=Juhl%2C+A+R%3BTrainer%2C+V+L%3BLatz%2C+MI&rft.aulast=Juhl&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=758&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Limnology+and+Oceanography&rft.issn=00243590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Shear flow; Shear stress; Biochemical composition; Irradiance; Biological poisons; Oceanic turbulence; Neurotoxins; Population dynamics; Environmental factors; Paralytic shellfish poisoning; Light effects; Water flow; Population growth; Dinoflagellates; Toxins; Alexandrium fundyense; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water Analysis AN - 18078130; 5161384 AB - This review covers developments in Water Analysis over the period of 1999-2000. A few significant references that appeared between January and February 2001 are also included. Previous Water Analysis reviews have been very comprehensive, often including more than 500 references. This year, however, Analytical Chemistry is changing its approach to these reviews to only include 100-200 significant references and to mainly focus on trends in analytical methods. This was a difficult task, as the scope of Water Analysis is inherently broad, encompassing analytical studies involving all types of contaminants--organic and inorganic, as well as microorganisms. Rather than choosing a subarea to focus on, this review will still attempt to cover most areas, except with fewer references. As a result, this review was by necessity very selective, and not all good references could be discussed. Typically, when there were two or more of the same type of analytical method developed for a particular set of analytes, only one was chosen as representative of the method. Also, in this review, there is more of a focus on the analytical methods themselves and less on results from significant studies. Papers focusing on the treatment of pollutants are generally omitted, as are most health effects papers. The upside to including fewer references is that those included can be discussed in greater detail, and more attention can be given to trends and comparisons of new methods to former ones. JF - Analytical Chemistry (Washington) AU - Richardson, S D AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - Jun 2001 SP - 2719 EP - 2734 VL - 73 IS - 12 SN - 0003-2700, 0003-2700 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Chemistry KW - Water Analysis KW - Analytical Methods KW - Reviews KW - Machinery KW - Chemical Analysis KW - Water analysis KW - Analytical services KW - Laboratory Equipment KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18078130?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.atitle=Water+Analysis&rft.au=Richardson%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Richardson&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2719&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.issn=00032700&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemistry; Machinery; Reviews; Analytical services; Water analysis; Analytical Methods; Water Analysis; Chemical Analysis; Laboratory Equipment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of lanthanum and mixtures of rare earths on ammonium oxidation and mineralization of nitrogen in soil AN - 17962864; 5241840 AB - Rare earths are applied widely in Chinese agriculture to improve crop nutrition and incidentally in fertilizers, yet little is known of their effect on the biological functioning of the soil. We have studied the effects of lanthanum and of mixtures of rare earths on the potential ammonium oxidation and nitrogen mineralization in soil by incubation experiments in the laboratory. The no-observed-effect and median effective concentrations of the rare earths on these two processes are reported, and their corresponding mechanisms are discussed. For mixtures, the no-observed-effect concentrations relating to potential ammonium oxidation and N mineralization were at 393 and 373 mg rare earths kg super(-1) soil, respectively, and their median effective concentrations were at 1576 and 1108 mg kg super(-1) soil, respectively. When lanthanum was applied alone, the no-observed-effect concentrations relating to potential ammonium oxidation and N mineralization were at 432 and 443 mg La kg super(-1) soil, respectively, and their median effective concentrations were at 18212 and 1237 mg kg super(-1) soil, respectively. Therefore, the influence of mixtures of rare earths on potential ammonium oxidation or on N mineralization was slightly stronger in comparison with that of lanthanum. Mineralization of nitrogen is apparently more sensitive to the stress caused by rare earths than ammonium oxidation. We conclude that the influence of individual rare earths in the mixtures on the above two processes can be additive and that the present dosage of mixed rare earths (<230 g ha super(-1) year super(-1) or 0.15 mg kg super(-1) soil year super(-1)) currently applied in China can hardly affect the potential ammonium oxidation and N mineralization in the soil even over a long period. JF - European Journal of Soil Science AU - Xu, Xingkai AU - Wang, Zijian AD - State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and National Environmental Protection Agency, Beijing 100085, China, wangzj@mail.rcees.ac.cn Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - Jun 2001 SP - 323 EP - 329 VL - 52 IS - 2 SN - 1351-0754, 1351-0754 KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Nitrogen Compounds KW - Ammonium KW - Experimental Data KW - Agricultural Chemicals KW - Soil Science KW - Cycling Nutrients KW - Rare Earth Elements KW - Oxidation KW - Mineralization KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes KW - SW 0845:Water in soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17962864?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+Journal+of+Soil+Science&rft.atitle=Effects+of+lanthanum+and+mixtures+of+rare+earths+on+ammonium+oxidation+and+mineralization+of+nitrogen+in+soil&rft.au=Xu%2C+Xingkai%3BWang%2C+Zijian&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Xingkai&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=323&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=European+Journal+of+Soil+Science&rft.issn=13510754&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nitrogen Compounds; Experimental Data; Ammonium; Agricultural Chemicals; Soil Science; Cycling Nutrients; Oxidation; Rare Earth Elements; Mineralization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Values, policy, and ecosystem health AN - 17919291; 5151426 AB - Options for resolving the many ecological policy issues we face depend on the concept of ecosystem health, but ecosystem health is based on controversial, value-based assumptions that masquerade as science. JF - Bioscience AU - Lackey, R T AD - US Environ. Protection Agency, Natl. Health and Environ. Effects Research Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA, lackey.robert@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - Jun 2001 SP - 437 EP - 443 PB - American Institute of Biological Sciences, [URL:http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract &issn=0006-3568&volume=51&page=437] VL - 51 IS - 6 SN - 0006-3568, 0006-3568 KW - value systems KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Ecosystem management KW - Government policy KW - D 04890:Planning/development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17919291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioscience&rft.atitle=Values%2C+policy%2C+and+ecosystem+health&rft.au=Lackey%2C+R+T&rft.aulast=Lackey&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=437&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioscience&rft.issn=00063568&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0006-3568%282001%29051%280437%3AVPAEH%292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ecosystem management; Government policy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0006-3568(2001)051(0437:VPAEH)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental Studies of Interactions between Two Unionids, Elliptio waccamawensis and Leptodea ochracea: Variation in Negative and Positive Effects AN - 17917725; 5151964 AB - We conducted a field experiment in Lake Waccamaw, North Carolina, to elucidate the responses of two unionids (Elliptio waccamawensis and Leptodea ochracea) to varying population densities. Field enclosures at two depths maintained each species in low, mixed culture, and high densities; intra- and interspecific interactions were inferred from changes in growth, tissue mass, and shell mass. The experiment lasted one year (May, 1995-1996), with interim data collected in September, 1995. E. waccamawensis did not respond to density manipulations over the annual experimental period; however, its growth was significantly reduced in the presence of L. ochracea during summer at the deeper site. This negative effect on E. waccamawensis is consistent with competition for resources, and a laboratory experiment estimating mussel grazing rates provided supporting evidence. For L. ochracea, density had no effect on annual growth at the deeper site; at the shallow site, however, high density significantly increased growth. Winter data revealed both negative and positive density-dependence. L. ochracea in high density treatments grew significantly less at the deep site but demonstrated increased growth at the shallow location. Thus, both negative and positive interactions occur in this mussel assemblage and vary with season and depth. JF - Journal of Freshwater Ecology AU - DiDonato, G T AU - Stiven, A E AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - Jun 2001 SP - 303 EP - 316 VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 0270-5060, 0270-5060 KW - Waccamaw spike KW - Tidewater mucket KW - USA, North Carolina KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Growth KW - Population density KW - Leptodea ochracea KW - Elliptio waccamawensis KW - D 04658:Molluscs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17917725?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Freshwater+Ecology&rft.atitle=Experimental+Studies+of+Interactions+between+Two+Unionids%2C+Elliptio+waccamawensis+and+Leptodea+ochracea%3A+Variation+in+Negative+and+Positive+Effects&rft.au=DiDonato%2C+G+T%3BStiven%2C+A+E&rft.aulast=DiDonato&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Freshwater+Ecology&rft.issn=02705060&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Elliptio waccamawensis; Leptodea ochracea; Population density; Growth ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thematic accuracy of MRLC land cover for the eastern United States AN - 17916346; 5161140 AB - One objective of the MultiResolution Land Characteristics (MRLC) consortium is to map general land-cover categories for the conterminous United States using Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data. Land-cover mapping and classification accuracy assessment are complete for the eastern United States. The accuracy assessment was based on photo-interpreted reference data obtained from a stratified probability sample of pixels. Agreement was defined as a match between primary or alternate reference land-cover labels assigned to each sample pixel and the mode (most common class) of the map's land-cover labels within a 3 x 3-pixel neighborhood surrounding the sampled point. At 30-m resolution, overall accuracy was 59.7% at an Anderson Level II thematic detail, and 80.5% at Anderson Level I. JF - Remote Sensing of Environment AU - Yang, L AU - Stehman, S V AU - Smith, J H AU - Wickham, J D AD - US Environmental Protection Agency (MD-56), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, smith.jonathanh@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - Jun 2001 SP - 418 EP - 422 VL - 76 IS - 3 SN - 0034-4257, 0034-4257 KW - land cover KW - USA, East KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Landsat KW - Vegetation patterns KW - Remote sensing KW - D 04002:Surveying and remote sensing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17916346?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remote+Sensing+of+Environment&rft.atitle=Thematic+accuracy+of+MRLC+land+cover+for+the+eastern+United+States&rft.au=Yang%2C+L%3BStehman%2C+S+V%3BSmith%2C+J+H%3BWickham%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=418&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remote+Sensing+of+Environment&rft.issn=00344257&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vegetation patterns; Landsat; Remote sensing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of correlations between environmental characteristics and stream diatom assemblages characterized at genus and species levels AN - 17907991; 5140044 JF - Journal of the North American Benthological Society AU - Hill, B H AU - Stevenson, R J AU - Pan, Y AU - Herlihy, A T AU - Kaufmann, PR AU - Johnson, C B AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, Ohio 45268 USA, hill.brian@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - Jun 2001 SP - 299 EP - 310 VL - 20 IS - 2 SN - 0887-3593, 0887-3593 KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Rivers KW - Community composition KW - Reviews KW - Ecological distribution KW - Bacillariophyceae KW - Diatoms KW - Freshwater KW - Streams KW - Environmental factors KW - Q1 08221:General KW - D 04310:Freshwater KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17907991?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+correlations+between+environmental+characteristics+and+stream+diatom+assemblages+characterized+at+genus+and+species+levels&rft.au=Hill%2C+B+H%3BStevenson%2C+R+J%3BPan%2C+Y%3BHerlihy%2C+A+T%3BKaufmann%2C+PR%3BJohnson%2C+C+B&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=299&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society&rft.issn=08873593&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Community composition; Ecological distribution; Environmental factors; Reviews; Diatoms; Streams; Bacillariophyceae; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute Pulmonary Toxicity of Particulate Matter Filter Extracts in Rats: Coherence with Epidemiologic Studies in Utah Valley Residents AN - 17893853; 5155383 AB - Epidemiologic reports by C.A. Pope III et. al. demonstrated that in the Utah Valley, closure of an open-hearth steel mill over the winter of 1987 was associated with reductions in respiratory disease and related hospital admissions in valley residents. To better examine the relationship between plant-associated changes in ambient particulate matter (PM) and respiratory health effects, we obtained total suspended particulate filters originally collected near the steel mill during the winter of 1986 (before closure), 1987 (during closure), and 1988 (after plant reopening). PM subcomponents were water-extracted from these filters and Sprague-Dawley rats were intratracheally instilled with equivalent masses of extract. Data indicated that 24 hr later, rats exposed to 1986 or 1988 extracts developed significant pulmonary injury and neutrophilic inflammation. Additionally, 50% of rats exposed to 1986 or 1988 extracts had increased airway responsiveness to acetylcholine, compared to 17 and 25% of rats exposed to saline or the 1987 extract, respectively. By 96 hr, these effects were largely resolved except for increases in lung lavage fluid neutrophils and lymphocytes in 1986 extract-exposed rats. Analogous effects were observed with lung histologic assessment. Extract analysis using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy demonstrated in all three extracts nearly 70% of the mass appeared to be sodium-based salts derived from the glass filter matrix. Interestingly, relative to the 1987 extract, the 1986/1988 extracts contained more sulfate, cationic salts (i.e., calcium, potassium, magnesium), and certain metals (i.e., copper, zinc, iron, lead, strontium, arsenic, manganese, nickel). Although total metal content was less than or equal to 1% of the extracts by mass, the greater quantity detected in the 1986 and 1988 extracts suggests metals may be important determinants of the pulmonary toxicity observed. In conclusion, the pulmonary effects induced by exposure of rats to water-based extracts of local ambient PM filters were in good accord with the cross-sectional epidemiologic reports of adverse respiratory health effects in Utah Valley residents. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Dye, JA AU - Lehmann, J R AU - McGee, J K AU - Winsett, D W AU - Ledbetter, AD AU - Everitt, JI AU - Ghio, A J AU - Costa, D L AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, U.S. EPA, MD-82, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711 USA, costa.dan@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - Jun 2001 SP - 395 EP - 403 VL - 109 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - rats KW - man KW - epidemiology KW - USA, Utah KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Filters KW - Respiratory tract diseases KW - Metals KW - Lung KW - Heavy metals KW - Particulate matter KW - Pollution effects KW - Particulate pollution KW - Industrial pollution KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17893853?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Acute+Pulmonary+Toxicity+of+Particulate+Matter+Filter+Extracts+in+Rats%3A+Coherence+with+Epidemiologic+Studies+in+Utah+Valley+Residents&rft.au=Dye%2C+JA%3BLehmann%2C+J+R%3BMcGee%2C+J+K%3BWinsett%2C+D+W%3BLedbetter%2C+AD%3BEveritt%2C+JI%3BGhio%2C+A+J%3BCosta%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Dye&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=&rft.spage=395&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; Heavy metals; Filters; Particulate matter; Industrial pollution; Respiratory tract diseases; Lung; Particulate pollution; Pollution effects ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting the regional impact of ozone and precipitation on the growth of loblolly pine and yellow-poplar using linked TREGRO and ZELIG models AN - 17864450; 5116980 AB - To simulate the long-term effects of ozone on forests in the US, we linked TREGRO, a mechanistic model of an individual tree, to ZELIG, a forest stand model, to examine the response of forests to five ozone exposure regimes (0 to similar to 100 ppm h SUM06 per year) in 100-year simulations. TREGRO and ZELIG were parameterized using biological and meteorological data from three climate sites in the southeastern US. TREGRO was used to generate 3-year exposure-response relationships between ozone and growth of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.). Ratios (response at ozone exposure: response at base case) of total tree mass, leaf mass, and fine root/leaf mass were calculated and used to modify growth functions in ZELIG. At the end of the ZELIG simulation, the change in basal area of loblolly pine ranged from an increase of 44% to a decrease of 87%, depending on precipitation and ozone exposure. The basal area of yellow-poplar, simulated in competition with loblolly pine was not affected over most of its range. Over the range of the two species, the simulated changes in basal area due to ozone exposure were generally within plus or minus 10% of the base case. Competitive interactions between the species were not altered. JF - Forest Ecology and Management AU - Laurence, JA AU - Retzlaff, WA AU - Kern, J S AU - Lee, E H AU - Hogsett, W E AU - Weinstein, DA AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Ecological Effects Research Laboratory, Western Ecology Division, 200 SW 35th Street, 97333 Corvallis, OR USA Y1 - 2001/06/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 01 SP - 247 EP - 263 PB - Elsevier Science VL - 146 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-1127, 0378-1127 KW - Liriodendron tulipifera KW - Loblolly pine KW - Pinus taeda KW - Tulip poplar KW - Yellow-poplar KW - Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Forest management KW - Air Pollution Effects KW - Plant Physiology KW - Trees KW - Rainfall KW - Forests KW - Pollution effects KW - Precipitation KW - Air pollution KW - Growth KW - Plants KW - Ozone KW - D 04700:Management KW - SW 0860:Water and plants KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - SW 0815:Precipitation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17864450?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.atitle=Predicting+the+regional+impact+of+ozone+and+precipitation+on+the+growth+of+loblolly+pine+and+yellow-poplar+using+linked+TREGRO+and+ZELIG+models&rft.au=Laurence%2C+JA%3BRetzlaff%2C+WA%3BKern%2C+J+S%3BLee%2C+E+H%3BHogsett%2C+W+E%3BWeinstein%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Laurence&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=146&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.issn=03781127&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Forest management; Growth; Pollution effects; Precipitation; Ozone; Air pollution; Rainfall; Forests; Air Pollution Effects; Trees; Plant Physiology; Plants ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Review of the methods of the US Environmental Protection Agency for bromate determination and validation of Method 317.0 for disinfection by-product anions and low-level bromate AN - 16158813; 5599836 AB - In recent years several methods have been published by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) which specify bromate as a target analyte. The first of these was EPA Method 300.0. As technological improvements in ion chromatographic hardware have evolved and new detection techniques have been designed, method detection limits for bromate have been reduced and additional procedures have been written, including EPA Method 300.1, 321.8 and, most recently, EPA Method 317.0. An overview of the evolution of these bromate methods since 1989 is presented. The focus is specific to each of these respective procedures, highlighting method strengths, weaknesses, and addressing how these methods fit into EPA's regulatory agenda. In addition, performance data are presented detailing the joint EPA/American Society for Testing and Materials multilaboratory validation of EPA Method 317.0 for disinfection by-product anions and low-level bromate. JF - Journal of Chromatography A AU - Hautman, D P AU - Munch, D J AU - Frebis, C AU - Wagner, H P AU - Pepich, B V AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 221 EP - 229 VL - 920 IS - 1-2 SN - 0021-9673, 0021-9673 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Water supplies (Potable) KW - Bromates KW - Disinfection KW - Anions KW - Chromatographic techniques KW - Byproducts KW - Water analysis KW - Water treatment KW - Materials Testing KW - Chromatography KW - Water quality (Treated waters) KW - Environmental Protection KW - Environmental protection KW - EPA KW - USA KW - Detection Limits KW - Analytical Methods KW - Reviews KW - disinfection KW - Evolution KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 0540:Properties of water KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16158813?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chromatography+A&rft.atitle=Review+of+the+methods+of+the+US+Environmental+Protection+Agency+for+bromate+determination+and+validation+of+Method+317.0+for+disinfection+by-product+anions+and+low-level+bromate&rft.au=Hautman%2C+D+P%3BMunch%2C+D+J%3BFrebis%2C+C%3BWagner%2C+H+P%3BPepich%2C+B+V&rft.aulast=Hautman&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=920&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Chromatography+A&rft.issn=00219673&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0021-9673%2801%2900892-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Disinfection; Anions; Chromatographic techniques; Byproducts; Environmental protection; EPA; Chromatography; Reviews; disinfection; Water supplies (Potable); Bromates; Water treatment; Water quality (Treated waters); Water analysis; Analytical Methods; Detection Limits; Environmental Protection; Materials Testing; Evolution; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)00892-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Paradoxes of MTBE AN - 16158015; 5700248 AB - A widely used gasoline additive, methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE), has been controversial, in part because of concerns about potential inhalation health effects and more recently because of added concerns about water contamination. Although many of the issues related to MTBE have not been fully resolved, several apparent paradoxes can be discerned, including the fact that something intended to improve air quality is now seen as a threat to water quality. Among the lessons that can be derived from the MTBE experience is the value of a comprehensive understanding of the potential risk-benefit tradeoffs of different fuels and fuel additives. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Davis, J M AU - Farland, W H AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - Jun 2001 SP - 211 EP - 217 VL - 61 IS - 2 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - MTBE KW - methyl tert-butyl ether KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Aqualine Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Water Pollution KW - Contamination KW - Gasoline KW - Fuels KW - Freshwater KW - Water quality KW - Fuel KW - Water Quality KW - Environmental impact KW - Water pollution KW - Reviews KW - Additives KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - X 24156:Environmental impact KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16158015?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=The+Paradoxes+of+MTBE&rft.au=Davis%2C+J+M%3BFarland%2C+W+H&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fuels; Environmental impact; Water quality; Water pollution; Risk assessment; Reviews; Gasoline; MTBE; Additives; Water Pollution; Contamination; Water Quality; Fuel; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of field and laboratory methods for monitoring metallic mercury vapor in indoor air. AN - 77003003; 11267741 AB - Real-time metallic mercury vapor levels of the indoor air were monitored at several mercury spill sites around the US in order to evaluate the effectiveness of site cleanup operations. Mercury readings taken in the field with a Jerome 431 Mercury Vapor Analyzer were compared with laboratory analysis using a modified National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) 6009 method. Statistical evaluation showed that the data were highly comparable except at low concentrations, due to the large degree of uncertainty associated with measuring low levels of mercury with the Jerome analyzer. Regression analysis indicated that Jerome measurements of 10 microg/m(3) or greater are comparable for field analysis of mercury vapor in air. JF - Journal of hazardous materials AU - Singhvi, R AU - Turpin, R AU - Kalnicky, D J AU - Patel, J AD - Environmental Response Team Center, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2890 Woodbridge Avenue, Edison, NJ 08837, USA. Y1 - 2001/05/07/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 07 SP - 1 EP - 10 VL - 83 IS - 1-2 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Regression Analysis KW - Humans KW - Volatilization KW - Air Pollution, Indoor KW - Mercury -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77003003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+hazardous+materials&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+field+and+laboratory+methods+for+monitoring+metallic+mercury+vapor+in+indoor+air.&rft.au=Singhvi%2C+R%3BTurpin%2C+R%3BKalnicky%2C+D+J%3BPatel%2C+J&rft.aulast=Singhvi&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-05-07&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+hazardous+materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-06-07 N1 - Date created - 2001-03-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - EPA update on revisions to part 503 rule: Status of proposed rule round II dioxin/furans/co-planar PCBs and EPA's ORD dioxin reassessment report: Status of development of part 2, round I revisions AN - 39443217; 3593934 AU - Rubin, A AU - Bastian, B Y1 - 2001/05/03/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39443217?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=EPA+update+on+revisions+to+part+503+rule%3A+Status+of+proposed+rule+round+II+dioxin%2Ffurans%2Fco-planar+PCBs+and+EPA%27s+ORD+dioxin+reassessment+report%3A+Status+of+development+of+part+2%2C+round+I+revisions&rft.au=Rubin%2C+A%3BBastian%2C+B&rft.aulast=Rubin&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-05-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA; URL: http://www.wef.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Strategic planning AN - 39423933; 3591574 AU - Shanaghan, P Y1 - 2001/05/03/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39423933?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Strategic+planning&rft.au=Shanaghan%2C+P&rft.aulast=Shanaghan&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-05-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: NSF International, Center for Public Health Education, 789 N. Dixboro Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA; phone: 734-913-5789; fax: 734-827-7187/6831; email: conferences@nsf.org. Paper No. 5-7 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Potential impact of denitrification in aquifer sediments on baseflow nitrate loading AN - 39423465; 3593800 AU - Hantush, M M Y1 - 2001/05/03/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39423465?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Potential+impact+of+denitrification+in+aquifer+sediments+on+baseflow+nitrate+loading&rft.au=Hantush%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=Hantush&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-05-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA; URL: http://www.wef.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - EPA's response to the IG's report and congressional hearing AN - 39374564; 3593937 AU - Walker, J Y1 - 2001/05/03/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39374564?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=EPA%27s+response+to+the+IG%27s+report+and+congressional+hearing&rft.au=Walker%2C+J&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-05-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA; URL: http://www.wef.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - NIOSH hazard ID report and its ramifications for class B biosolids panel AN - 39374523; 3593935 AU - Brobst, B AU - Smith, J Y1 - 2001/05/03/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39374523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=NIOSH+hazard+ID+report+and+its+ramifications+for+class+B+biosolids+panel&rft.au=Brobst%2C+B%3BSmith%2C+J&rft.aulast=Brobst&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-05-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA; URL: http://www.wef.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Fish advisories and section 303(d) listing AN - 39372097; 3593775 AU - Brady, D J Y1 - 2001/05/03/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39372097?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Fish+advisories+and+section+303%28d%29+listing&rft.au=Brady%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Brady&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-05-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA; URL: http://www.wef.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Status of radiation survey, dose modeling & POTW guidance document AN - 39371289; 3593936 AU - Bastian, B Y1 - 2001/05/03/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39371289?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Status+of+radiation+survey%2C+dose+modeling+%26amp%3B+POTW+guidance+document&rft.au=Bastian%2C+B&rft.aulast=Bastian&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-05-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA; URL: http://www.wef.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Drinking water academy AN - 39370489; 3591607 AU - Bourne, J Y1 - 2001/05/03/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39370489?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Drinking+water+academy&rft.au=Bourne%2C+J&rft.aulast=Bourne&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-05-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: NSF International, Center for Public Health Education, 789 N. Dixboro Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA; phone: 734-913-5789; fax: 734-827-7187/6831; email: conferences@nsf.org. Paper No. 7-6 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Role of biocriteria in TMDLs AN - 39366669; 3593772 AU - Yoder, C Y1 - 2001/05/03/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39366669?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Role+of+biocriteria+in+TMDLs&rft.au=Yoder%2C+C&rft.aulast=Yoder&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-05-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA; URL: http://www.wef.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Regulatory and scientific overview of issues for nutrient and DO TMDLs AN - 39356077; 3593843 AU - Wool, T Y1 - 2001/05/03/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39356077?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Regulatory+and+scientific+overview+of+issues+for+nutrient+and+DO+TMDLs&rft.au=Wool%2C+T&rft.aulast=Wool&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-05-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA; URL: http://www.wef.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Modeling the cost of load and wasteload allocation methods AN - 39355945; 3593792 AU - Miller, C Y1 - 2001/05/03/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39355945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+cost+of+load+and+wasteload+allocation+methods&rft.au=Miller%2C+C&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-05-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA; URL: http://www.wef.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Characterizing ground-water flow paths in high-altitude Fractured Rock settings impacted by mining activities AN - 39355891; 3593767 AU - Wireman, M Y1 - 2001/05/03/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 5500:Geoscience KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39355891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Characterizing+ground-water+flow+paths+in+high-altitude+Fractured+Rock+settings+impacted+by+mining+activities&rft.au=Wireman%2C+M&rft.aulast=Wireman&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-05-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Fractured Rock 2001, SAIC MS R-4-3, 11251 Roger Bacon Dr., Reston, VA 20190, USA; phone: 703-318-4678; fax: 703-736-0826; email: martinali@saic.com; URL: www.fracturedrock2001.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Evaluation of biosolid sample processing techniques to maximize recovery of bacteria AN - 39344078; 3593955 AU - Meckes, M C AU - Rhodes, E R Y1 - 2001/05/03/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39344078?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+biosolid+sample+processing+techniques+to+maximize+recovery+of+bacteria&rft.au=Meckes%2C+M+C%3BRhodes%2C+E+R&rft.aulast=Meckes&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-05-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA; URL: http://www.wef.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Multi-state phased nutrient and DO TMDL modeling case study: Christina River, PA, DE, and MD AN - 39341821; 3593846 AU - Henry, T Y1 - 2001/05/03/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39341821?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Multi-state+phased+nutrient+and+DO+TMDL+modeling+case+study%3A+Christina+River%2C+PA%2C+DE%2C+and+MD&rft.au=Henry%2C+T&rft.aulast=Henry&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-05-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA; URL: http://www.wef.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Water reuse and conservation programs AN - 39341701; 3591614 AU - Flowers, J Y1 - 2001/05/03/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39341701?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Water+reuse+and+conservation+programs&rft.au=Flowers%2C+J&rft.aulast=Flowers&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-05-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: NSF International, Center for Public Health Education, 789 N. Dixboro Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA; phone: 734-913-5789; fax: 734-827-7187/6831; email: conferences@nsf.org. Paper No. 8-7 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Sediment tool: A simple method for erosion and sediment delivery estimation AN - 39340250; 3593806 AU - Greenfield, J M Y1 - 2001/05/03/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39340250?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Sediment+tool%3A+A+simple+method+for+erosion+and+sediment+delivery+estimation&rft.au=Greenfield%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Greenfield&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-05-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA; URL: http://www.wef.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - National nonpoint source monitoring program: Documenting water quality improvements from best management practices through long-term monitoring projects AN - 39337130; 3593850 AU - Davenport, T Y1 - 2001/05/03/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39337130?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=National+nonpoint+source+monitoring+program%3A+Documenting+water+quality+improvements+from+best+management+practices+through+long-term+monitoring+projects&rft.au=Davenport%2C+T&rft.aulast=Davenport&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-05-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA; URL: http://www.wef.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - TMDLs for pathogens: Scientific and regulatory challenges AN - 39336981; 3593839 AU - Dannel, M Y1 - 2001/05/03/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39336981?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=TMDLs+for+pathogens%3A+Scientific+and+regulatory+challenges&rft.au=Dannel%2C+M&rft.aulast=Dannel&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-05-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA; URL: http://www.wef.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Drinking water and wastewater capacity development AN - 39336101; 3591567 AU - Shanaghan, P AU - Mazzola, M Y1 - 2001/05/03/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39336101?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Drinking+water+and+wastewater+capacity+development&rft.au=Shanaghan%2C+P%3BMazzola%2C+M&rft.aulast=Shanaghan&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-05-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: NSF International, Center for Public Health Education, 789 N. Dixboro Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA; phone: 734-913-5789; fax: 734-827-7187/6831; email: conferences@nsf.org. Paper No. 4-7 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Integrating cooperative and statutory programs across the six state Chesapeake Bay watershed AN - 39285282; 3593854 AU - Batiuk, R Y1 - 2001/05/03/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39285282?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Integrating+cooperative+and+statutory+programs+across+the+six+state+Chesapeake+Bay+watershed&rft.au=Batiuk%2C+R&rft.aulast=Batiuk&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-05-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA; URL: http://www.wef.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Non-modeling approaches for developing sediment TMDLs AN - 39285035; 3593805 AU - Smith, D Y1 - 2001/05/03/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39285035?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Non-modeling+approaches+for+developing+sediment+TMDLs&rft.au=Smith%2C+D&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-05-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA; URL: http://www.wef.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Reducing model error through data collection AN - 39284989; 3593781 AU - Koenig, M AU - Murphy, P J Y1 - 2001/05/03/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39284989?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Reducing+model+error+through+data+collection&rft.au=Koenig%2C+M%3BMurphy%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Koenig&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-05-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA; URL: http://www.wef.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Development and concurrent state adoption of Chesapeake Bay oxygen, chlorophyll, and clarity water quality standards AN - 39284953; 3593774 AU - Batiuk, R Y1 - 2001/05/03/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39284953?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Development+and+concurrent+state+adoption+of+Chesapeake+Bay+oxygen%2C+chlorophyll%2C+and+clarity+water+quality+standards&rft.au=Batiuk%2C+R&rft.aulast=Batiuk&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-05-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA; URL: http://www.wef.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Two Ohio case studies on successful public participation in environmental policy development AN - 39278309; 3593817 AU - Martin, G Y1 - 2001/05/03/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39278309?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Two+Ohio+case+studies+on+successful+public+participation+in+environmental+policy+development&rft.au=Martin%2C+G&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2001-05-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA; URL: http://www.wef.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - What constitutes documentation of regulatory compliance? PANEL adequate showing of VAR & pathogen reduction AN - 39272284; 3593939 AU - Brobst, B AU - Dominy, M AU - Kester, G Y1 - 2001/05/03/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39272284?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=What+constitutes+documentation+of+regulatory+compliance%3F+PANEL+adequate+showing+of+VAR+%26amp%3B+pathogen+reduction&rft.au=Brobst%2C+B%3BDominy%2C+M%3BKester%2C+G&rft.aulast=Brobst&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-05-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Water Environment Federation, 601 Wythe Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA; URL: http://www.wef.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Small drinking water contingency plans AN - 39262300; 3591569 AU - Haensel, M AU - Roth, S Y1 - 2001/05/03/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39262300?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Small+drinking+water+contingency+plans&rft.au=Haensel%2C+M%3BRoth%2C+S&rft.aulast=Haensel&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-05-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: NSF International, Center for Public Health Education, 789 N. Dixboro Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA; phone: 734-913-5789; fax: 734-827-7187/6831; email: conferences@nsf.org. Paper No. 5-2 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor-sensitive Ca(2+) release, store-operated Ca(2+) entry, and cAMP responsive element binding protein phosphorylation in developing cortical cells following exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls. AN - 77058381; 11303068 AB - The present study assessed intracellular Ca(2+) signaling pathways sensitive to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), xenobiotics that perturb neural development and plasticity. Mobilization of intracellular Ca(2+) stores after acute exposure to a PCB mixture, Aroclor 1254 (A1254), as well as selected PCB congeners, was studied in P0 rat cortical neuronal culture using fluorescence microscopy. Ca(2+) responses to A1254 progressed from a transient intracellular Ca(2+) increase (lasting 3--5 min) at 1 to 2 microM (0.3-0.6 ppm) to a Ca(2+) transient with store-operated Ca(2+) influx and later disturbances of basal Ca(2+) concentration; this latter pattern occurred more often with 10 to 20 microM (3--6 ppm) A1254. Thapsigargin, xestospongin C, and carbachol/Ca(2+)-free buffer blocked significantly the PCB-induced Ca(2+) transient, whereas both ryanodine (to deplete ryanodine-sensitive stores) and the L-type Ca(2+) channel blocker nifedipine were without effect on the A1254 initial Ca(2+) transient. Both thapsigargin and xestospongin also blocked latent elevations (at 0.5 h) in Ca(2+), disturbances that depend upon extracellular Ca(2+) entry via ion channels. Two possible consequences were explored. Phosphorylation of cAMP responsive element binding protein, a Ca(2+)-activated nuclear transcription factor (CREB), occurred in an A1254 concentration-dependent manner and persisted at least 1 h. Cell viability following a 24-h exposure to A1254 (2-20 microM) was decreased at 20 microM, but only in cells cultured >6 days. This cell death did not occur via an apoptotic mechanism. These results indicate that Ca(2+) disturbances following PCB exposure are associated with 1) discrete alterations in IP(3) receptor-mediated signals and 2) activation of downstream events that impact developing cortical cells. JF - The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics AU - Inglefield, J R AU - Mundy, W R AU - Shafer, T J AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 762 EP - 773 VL - 297 IS - 2 SN - 0022-3565, 0022-3565 KW - Calcium Channels KW - 0 KW - Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein KW - Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors KW - Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Casp3 protein, rat KW - EC 3.4.22.- KW - Caspase 3 KW - Caspases KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Endoplasmic Reticulum -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Phosphorylation KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Cytoplasm -- metabolism KW - Apoptosis -- drug effects KW - Cytoplasm -- drug effects KW - Caspases -- metabolism KW - Endoplasmic Reticulum -- drug effects KW - Neocortex -- metabolism KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Neocortex -- cytology KW - Neocortex -- growth & development KW - Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein -- metabolism KW - Calcium Signaling -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- pharmacology KW - Calcium Channels -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77058381?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.atitle=Inositol+1%2C4%2C5-triphosphate+receptor-sensitive+Ca%282%2B%29+release%2C+store-operated+Ca%282%2B%29+entry%2C+and+cAMP+responsive+element+binding+protein+phosphorylation+in+developing+cortical+cells+following+exposure+to+polychlorinated+biphenyls.&rft.au=Inglefield%2C+J+R%3BMundy%2C+W+R%3BShafer%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Inglefield&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=297&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=762&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.issn=00223565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-05-21 N1 - Date created - 2001-04-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dosimetry modeling of highly soluble reactive gases in the respiratory tract. AN - 77040771; 11295867 JF - Inhalation toxicology AU - Overton, J H AD - MD-82, Experimental Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. overton.john@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 347 EP - 357 VL - 13 IS - 5 SN - 0895-8378, 0895-8378 KW - Gases KW - 0 KW - Formaldehyde KW - 1HG84L3525 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Solubility KW - Inhalation Exposure KW - Humans KW - Algorithms KW - Models, Anatomic KW - Gases -- chemistry KW - Respiratory System -- anatomy & histology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77040771?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Inhalation+toxicology&rft.atitle=Dosimetry+modeling+of+highly+soluble+reactive+gases+in+the+respiratory+tract.&rft.au=Overton%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Overton&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=347&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Inhalation+toxicology&rft.issn=08958378&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-06-28 N1 - Date created - 2001-04-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of pesticides in composite dietary samples by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry in the selected ion monitoring mode by using a temperature-programmable large volume injector with preseparation column. AN - 70935562; 11417652 AB - Use of a temperature-programmable preseparation column in the gas chromatographic (GC) injection port permits determination of a wide range of semi-volatile pesticides including organochlorines, organophosphates, triazines, and anilines in fatty composite dietary samples while reducing sample preparation time and solvent consumption. Dietary samples are mixed with diatomaceous earth and are Soxhlet-extracted with an azeotropic solution of hexane and acetone. Sample preparation uses liquid-liquid partitioning over diatomaceous earth followed by normal phase chromatography over partially deactivated alumina. The final cleanup step occurs in a preseparation column in the GC injector, which is able to perform splitless transfer of the analytes to the analytical column and purge 99% of the high molecular weight residue. Detection is performed by GC/mass spectrometry (MS) in the selected ion monitoring mode. Method detection limits were at or below 2 ng/g for 24 of 35 pesticides studied, with recovery between 70 and 125% for 27 pesticides in samples fortified at 10 ng/g. Recovery was not dependent on fat content when measured in laboratory fortified samples containing 1, 5, and 10% fat by weight. Precision over multiple injections was acceptable, with a relative standard deviation of 2.6-15% for 25 analytes. JF - Journal of AOAC International AU - Rosenblum, L AU - Hieber, T AU - Morgan, J AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. PY - 2001 SP - 891 EP - 900 VL - 84 IS - 3 SN - 1060-3271, 1060-3271 KW - Dietary Fats KW - 0 KW - Pesticides KW - Diatomaceous Earth KW - 61790-53-2 KW - Aluminum Oxide KW - LMI26O6933 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Dietary Fats -- analysis KW - Temperature KW - Quality Control KW - Pesticides -- analysis KW - Food Analysis -- methods KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry -- methods KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry -- instrumentation KW - Food Contamination UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70935562?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.atitle=Determination+of+pesticides+in+composite+dietary+samples+by+gas+chromatography%2Fmass+spectrometry+in+the+selected+ion+monitoring+mode+by+using+a+temperature-programmable+large+volume+injector+with+preseparation+column.&rft.au=Rosenblum%2C+L%3BHieber%2C+T%3BMorgan%2C+J&rft.aulast=Rosenblum&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=891&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.issn=10603271&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-05 N1 - Date created - 2001-06-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gas chromatography with pulsed flame photometric detection multiresidue method for organophosphate pesticide and metabolite residues at the parts-per-billion level in representatives commodities of fruits and vegetable crop groups. AN - 70932352; 11417651 AB - A gas chromatographic method with a pulsed flame photometric detector (P-FPD) is presented for the analysis of 28 parent organophosphate (OP) pesticides and their OP metabolites. A total of 57 organophosphates were analyzed in 10 representative fruit and vegetable crop groups. The method is based on a judicious selection of known procedures from FDA sources such as the Pesticide Analytical Manual and Laboratory Information Bulletins, combined in a manner to recover the OPs and their metabolite(s) at the part-per-billion (ppb) level. The method uses an acetone extraction with either miniaturized Hydromatrix column partitioning or alternately a miniaturized methylene dichloride liquid-liquid partitioning, followed by solid-phase extraction (SPE) cleanup with graphitized carbon black (GCB) and PSA cartridges. Determination of residues is by programmed temperature capillary column gas chromatography fitted with a P-FPD set in the phosphorus mode. The method is designed so that a set of samples can be prepared in 1 working day for overnight instrumental analysis. The recovery data indicates that a daily column-cutting procedure used in combination with the SPE extract cleanup effectively reduces matrix enhancement at the ppb level for many organophosphates. The OPs most susceptible to elevated recoveries around or greater than 150%, based on peak area calculations, were trichlorfon, phosmet, and the metabolites of dimethoate, fenamiphos, fenthion, and phorate. JF - Journal of AOAC International AU - Podhorniak, L V AU - Negron, J F AU - Griffith, F D AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs, Fort George G. Meade, MD 20755-5350, USA. PY - 2001 SP - 873 EP - 890 VL - 84 IS - 3 SN - 1060-3271, 1060-3271 KW - Indicators and Reagents KW - 0 KW - Insecticides KW - Pesticide Residues KW - Acetone KW - 1364PS73AF KW - Trichlorfon KW - DBF2DG4G2K KW - Phosmet KW - VN04LI540Y KW - Index Medicus KW - Trichlorfon -- analysis KW - Phosmet -- analysis KW - Vegetables -- chemistry KW - Pesticide Residues -- analysis KW - Insecticides -- analysis KW - Fruit -- chemistry KW - Chromatography, Gas -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70932352?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.atitle=Gas+chromatography+with+pulsed+flame+photometric+detection+multiresidue+method+for+organophosphate+pesticide+and+metabolite+residues+at+the+parts-per-billion+level+in+representatives+commodities+of+fruits+and+vegetable+crop+groups.&rft.au=Podhorniak%2C+L+V%3BNegron%2C+J+F%3BGriffith%2C+F+D&rft.aulast=Podhorniak&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=873&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.issn=10603271&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-05 N1 - Date created - 2001-06-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adsorption of cadmium on biosolids-amended soils. AN - 70919188; 11401279 AB - Debate exists over the biosolid phase (organic or inorganic) responsible for the reduction in phytoavailable Cd in soils amended with biosolids as compared with soils amended with inorganic salts. To test the importance of these two phases, adsorption isotherms were developed for soil samples (nine biosolids-amended soils and their five companion controls) and two biosolids samples from five experimental sites with documented histories of biosolids application. Subsamples were treated with 0.7 M NaClO to remove organic carbon. Cadmium nitrate was added to both moist soil samples and their soil inorganic fractions (SIF) in a 0.01 M Ca(NO3)2 solution at three pH levels (6.5, 5.5, and 4.5), and equilibrated at 22 +/- 1 degrees C for at least 48 h. Isotherms of Cd adsorption for biosolids-amended soil were intermediate to the control soil and biosolids. Decreasing pH did not remove the difference between these isotherms, although adsorption of Cd decreased with decreasing pH level. Organic matter removal reduced Cd adsorption on all soils but had little influence on the observed difference between biosolids-amended and control soils. Thus, increased adsorption associated with biosolids application was not limited to the organic matter addition from biosolids; rather, the biosolids application also altered the adsorptive properties of the SIF. The greater affinity of the inorganic fraction of biosolids-amended soils to adsorb Cd suggests that the increased retention of Cd on biosolids-amended soils is independent of the added organic matter and of a persistent nature. JF - Journal of environmental quality AU - Li, Z AU - Ryan, J A AU - Chen, J L AU - Al-Abed, S R AD - National Risk Management Research Lab, US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. PY - 2001 SP - 903 EP - 911 VL - 30 IS - 3 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Cadmium KW - 00BH33GNGH KW - Index Medicus KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Temperature KW - Plants KW - Adsorption KW - Refuse Disposal KW - Conservation of Natural Resources KW - Biological Availability KW - Cadmium -- chemistry KW - Cadmium -- pharmacokinetics KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70919188?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.atitle=Adsorption+of+cadmium+on+biosolids-amended+soils.&rft.au=Li%2C+Z%3BRyan%2C+J+A%3BChen%2C+J+L%3BAl-Abed%2C+S+R&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=903&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-10-18 N1 - Date created - 2001-06-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of environmental antiandrogens on reproductive development in experimental animals. AN - 70898029; 11392371 AB - Chemicals that act as androgen receptor (AR) agonists and antagonists or inhibit fetal steroidogenesis can induce reproductive malformations in humans and laboratory animals. Several environmental chemicals disrupt development in rats and/or rabbits at fetal concentrations at, or near, exposure levels seen in some segments of the human population. In rats, fetal tissues concentrations of 10-20 p.p.m. of the DDT metabolite, p,p'-DDE, are correlated with reproductive abnormalities in male offspring. These concentrations are similar to those measured in first-trimester human fetal tissues in the late 1960s. The pesticides vinclozolin, procymidone, linuron and DDT are AR antagonists. They reduce male rat anogenital distance, and induce areolas at relatively low dosages. Hypospadias, agenesis of the sex accessory tissues and retained nipples are seen in the middle dosages, while undescended testes and epididymal agenesis are seen in the highest doses. Phthalate esters (PE) inhibit testosterone synthesis during fetal life, but do not appear to be AR antagonists. Prenatal administration of a single low dose of dioxin (50-1,000 ng TCDD/kg) alters the differentiation of androgen-dependent tissues at p.p.t. concentrations, but the mechanism of action likely involves interaction with a hormone-like nuclear transcription factor, the hormone-like receptor AhR, rather than AR. p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE, vinclozolin and di-n-butyl phthalate affect reproductive function in rabbits when administered during prenatal and/or neonatal life. Cryptorchidism and carcinoma in situ-like (CIS) testicular lesions were seen in male rabbits treated during development with p,p'-DDT or p,p'-DDE. Extrapolation of effects from rodents to humans would be enhanced if future studies incorporate determination of tissue concentrations of the active metabolites. Knowledge of the tissue concentrations of the active toxicants also would provide an important link to in-vitro studies, which provide more useful mechanistic information when they are executed at relevant concentrations. JF - Human reproduction update AU - Gray, L E AU - Ostby, J AU - Furr, J AU - Wolf, C J AU - Lambright, C AU - Parks, L AU - Veeramachaneni, D N AU - Wilson, V AU - Price, M AU - Hotchkiss, A AU - Orlando, E AU - Guillette, L AD - Endocrinology Branch, RTD, NHEERL, ORD, USEPA, RTP, NC, 27711, USA. gray.earl@epa.gov PY - 2001 SP - 248 EP - 264 VL - 7 IS - 3 SN - 1355-4786, 1355-4786 KW - Androgen Antagonists KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Animals, Laboratory -- growth & development KW - Male KW - Androgen Antagonists -- pharmacology KW - Genitalia, Male -- drug effects KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Genitalia, Male -- growth & development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70898029?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+reproduction+update&rft.atitle=Effects+of+environmental+antiandrogens+on+reproductive+development+in+experimental+animals.&rft.au=Gray%2C+L+E%3BOstby%2C+J%3BFurr%2C+J%3BWolf%2C+C+J%3BLambright%2C+C%3BParks%2C+L%3BVeeramachaneni%2C+D+N%3BWilson%2C+V%3BPrice%2C+M%3BHotchkiss%2C+A%3BOrlando%2C+E%3BGuillette%2C+L&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=248&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+reproduction+update&rft.issn=13554786&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-10-04 N1 - Date created - 2001-06-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Emissions of PCDD/F from uncontrolled, domestic waste burning. AN - 70869052; 11372857 AB - Emissions of polychlorinated dibenzodioxin and dibenzofuran (PCDD/F) result from inefficiencies of combustion processes, most typically waste combustion. Uncontrolled combustion, such as occurs during so-called "backyard burning" of domestic waste, may therefore produce optimal conditions for formation and emission of PCDD/F. However, few assessments of PCDD/F emissions are available from these sources. This work describes the first known comprehensive assessment of PCDD/F emissions from uncontrolled, domestic waste burning. Emissions were copious, but highly variable, ranging over several orders of magnitude. The potential for emissions appears to be related primarily to combustion parameters and concentrations of various gas-phase species, the latter which may be affected by changes in waste composition, waste orientation, and/or combustion conditions. JF - Chemosphere AU - Gullett, B K AU - Lemieux, P M AU - Lutes, C C AU - Winterrowd, C K AU - Winters, D L AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. gullett.brian@epa.gov PY - 2001 SP - 721 EP - 725 VL - 43 IS - 4-7 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Benzofurans KW - Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Incineration KW - Household Products KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analogs & derivatives KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analysis KW - Refuse Disposal KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Benzofurans -- analysis KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70869052?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Emissions+of+PCDD%2FF+from+uncontrolled%2C+domestic+waste+burning.&rft.au=Gullett%2C+B+K%3BLemieux%2C+P+M%3BLutes%2C+C+C%3BWinterrowd%2C+C+K%3BWinters%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Gullett&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=4-7&rft.spage=721&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-09-27 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inclusion of 13C12-labelled mono-, di-, and tri-chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran standards in US EPA methods 0023A/8290. AN - 70866400; 11372819 AB - 13C12-Labelled mono-, di-, and tri-chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (CDD) and chlorinated dibenzofuran (CDF) standards have been tested for their applicability to standard EPA sampling and analytical Methods 0023A/8290. These methods target for analysis only the tetra- through octa-CDD/CDF homologues. Extension of the isotope dilution method to include those lower chlorinated homologues is important toward obtaining reliable species concentration data on the complete, mono- to octa-chlorinated homologue profile. These data will improve our ability to model poly-CDD/CDF concentrations through understanding mechanisms of poly-CDD/CDF formation, chlorination, and dechlorination. JF - Chemosphere AU - Gullett, B K AU - Ryan, J V AU - Tabor, D AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Air Pollution Preventive and Control Division, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. gullett.brian@epa.gov PY - 2001 SP - 403 EP - 406 VL - 43 IS - 4-7 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Benzofurans KW - 0 KW - Carbon Isotopes KW - Dioxins KW - dibenzofuran KW - 8U54U639VI KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Reference Values KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Chemistry Techniques, Analytical -- methods KW - Carbon Isotopes -- analysis KW - Air Pollution -- analysis KW - Dioxins -- analysis KW - Benzofurans -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70866400?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Inclusion+of+13C12-labelled+mono-%2C+di-%2C+and+tri-chlorinated+dibenzo-p-dioxin+and+dibenzofuran+standards+in+US+EPA+methods+0023A%2F8290.&rft.au=Gullett%2C+B+K%3BRyan%2C+J+V%3BTabor%2C+D&rft.aulast=Gullett&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=4-7&rft.spage=403&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-09-27 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Entrained-flow adsorption of mercury using activated carbon. AN - 70862887; 11355461 AB - Bench-scale experiments were conducted in a flow reactor to simulate entrained-flow capture of elemental mercury (Hg0) by activated carbon. Adsorption of Hg0 by several commercial activated carbons was examined at different C:Hg ratios (by weight) (350:1-29,000:1), particle sizes (4-44 microns), Hg0 concentrations (44, 86, and 124 ppb), and temperatures (23-250 degrees C). Increasing the C:Hg ratio from 2100:1 to 11,000:1 resulted in an increase in removal from 11 to 30% for particle sizes of 4-8 microns and a residence time of 6.5 sec. Mercury capture increased with a decrease in particle size. At 100 degrees C and an Hg0 concentration of 86 ppb, a 20% Hg0 reduction was obtained with 4- to 8-micron particles, compared with only a 7% reduction for 24- to 44-micron particles. Mercury uptake decreased with an increase in temperature over a range of 21-150 degrees C. Only a small amount of the Hg0 uptake capacity is being utilized (less than 1%) at such short residence times. Increasing the residence time over a range of 3.8-13 sec did not increase adsorption for a lignite-based carbon; however, increasing the time from 3.6 to 12 sec resulted in higher Hg0 removal for a bituminous-based carbon. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995) AU - Serre, S D AU - Gullett, B K AU - Ghorishi, S B AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. serre.shannon@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 733 EP - 741 VL - 51 IS - 5 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Coal KW - 0 KW - Charcoal KW - 16291-96-6 KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Index Medicus KW - Static Electricity KW - Incineration KW - Equipment Design KW - Particle Size KW - Temperature KW - Adsorption KW - Air Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Mercury -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70862887?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.atitle=Entrained-flow+adsorption+of+mercury+using+activated+carbon.&rft.au=Serre%2C+S+D%3BGullett%2C+B+K%3BGhorishi%2C+S+B&rft.aulast=Serre&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=733&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-05-31 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Variations in the emissions of volatile organic compounds from the toner for a specific photocopier. AN - 70862850; 11355458 AB - A laboratory thermal desorption apparatus was used to measure emissions from a number of nominally identical photocopier toners--manufactured to meet the specifications of one specific model copier--when these toners were heated to fuser temperature (180-200 degrees C). The objective was to assess how potential volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from the toner for a given copier can vary, depending upon the production run and the supplier. Tests were performed on a series of toner (and associated raw polymer feedstock) samples obtained directly from a toner manufacturer, representing two production runs using a nonvented extrusion process, and on toner cartridges purchased from two local retailers, representing three different production lots (histories unknown). The results showed that the retailer toners consistently had up to 350% higher emissions of some major compounds (expressed as microgram of compound emitted/g of toner), and up to 100% lower emissions of others, relative to the manufacturer toners (p < or = 0.01). The manufacturer toners from one production run had emissions of certain compounds, and of total VOCs, that were modestly higher (13-18%) than those from the other run (p < or = 0.01). The emission differences between the retailer and manufacturer toners are probably due to differences in the manufacturing processes and/or feedstocks used to produce the toners from these different sources. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995) AU - Henschel, D B AU - Fortmann, R C AU - Roache, N F AU - Liu, X AD - National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. henschel.bruce@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 708 EP - 717 VL - 51 IS - 5 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Organic Chemicals KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Temperature KW - Volatilization KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Copying Processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70862850?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.atitle=Variations+in+the+emissions+of+volatile+organic+compounds+from+the+toner+for+a+specific+photocopier.&rft.au=Henschel%2C+D+B%3BFortmann%2C+R+C%3BRoache%2C+N+F%3BLiu%2C+X&rft.aulast=Henschel&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=708&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-05-31 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Issues related to solution chemistry in mercury sampling impingers. AN - 70848313; 11355456 AB - Analysis of Hg speciation in combustion flue gases is often accomplished in standardized sampling trains in which the sample is passed sequentially through a series of aqueous solutions to capture and separate oxidized Hg (Hg2+) and elemental Hg (Hg0). Such methods include the Ontario Hydro (OH) and the Alkaline Mercury Speciation (AMS) methods, which were investigated in the laboratory to determine whether the presence of Cl2 and other common flue gas species can bias the partitioning of Hg0 to front impingers intended to isolate Hg2+ species. Using only a single impinger to represent the front three impingers for each method, it was found that as little as 1-ppm Cl2 in a simulated flue gas mixture led to a bias of approximately 10-20% of Hg0 misreported as Hg2+ for both the OH and the AMS methods. Experiments using 100-ppm Cl2 led to a similar bias in the OH method, but to a 30-60% bias in the AMS method. These false readings are shown to be due to liquid-phase chemistry in the impinger solutions, and not necessarily to the gas-phase reactions between Cl2 and Hg as previously proposed. The pertinent solution chemistry causing the interference involves the hypochlorite ion (OCl-), which oxidizes Hg0 to soluble Hg2+. Addition of sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3) to the front impinger solutions eliminates this false positive measurement of Hg2+ by selectively reacting with the OCl- ion. In general, the presence of SO2 also mitigates this interference in the same way, and so this bias is not likely to be a factor for Hg speciation measurements from actual coal combustion flue gases. It might, however, be a problem for those few combustor flue gas measurements and research studies where Cl2 is present without appreciable amounts of SO2. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995) AU - Linak, W P AU - Ryan, J V AU - Ghorishi, B S AU - Wendt, J O AD - Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. linak.bill@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 688 EP - 698 VL - 51 IS - 5 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Index Medicus KW - Incineration KW - Power Plants KW - Refuse Disposal KW - Mercury -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Mercury -- chemistry KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70848313?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.atitle=Issues+related+to+solution+chemistry+in+mercury+sampling+impingers.&rft.au=Linak%2C+W+P%3BRyan%2C+J+V%3BGhorishi%2C+B+S%3BWendt%2C+J+O&rft.aulast=Linak&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=688&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-05-31 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: J Air Waste Manag Assoc. 2001 Oct;51(10):1390 [11686241] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of standardized quality control procedures to open-path Fourier transform infrared data collected at a concentrated swine production facility. AN - 70845685; 11355205 AB - Open-path Fourier transform infrared (OP/FT-IR) spectrometry was used to measure the concentrations of ammonia, methane, and other atmospheric gases at a concentrated swine production facility. A total of 2200 OP/FT-IR spectra were acquired along nine different monitoring paths during an 8-day period between January 11 and 22, 1999. Standardized quality control (QC) procedures were applied to the archived OP/FT-IR spectra to verify that the instrument was set up and operating properly during the field study and to identify outliers in the concentration data. These QC procedures included measuring the random baseline noise, the signal strength, and the relative single-beam intensity in selected wavenumber regions; inspecting the archived spectra for wavenumber shifts, changes in resolution, and evidence of detector saturation; and examining time series plots of the target gas concentrations and the uncertainty values reported by the classical least-squares (CLS) analysis. Application of these QC procedures to the archived spectra identified 252 potential outliers. After a careful review of the original spectra, 41 of the 252 suspected outliers were designated as actual outliers. Of the QC criteria used during this study, the uncertainty values reported by the CLS analysis were the most reliable indicators of actual outliers. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Childers, J W AU - Thompson, E L AU - Harris, D B AU - Kirchgessner, D A AU - Clayton, M AU - Natschke, D F AU - Phillips, W J AD - ManTech Environmental Technology, Incorporated, P.O. Box 12313, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA. childers.jeff@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2001/05/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 01 SP - 1859 EP - 1866 VL - 35 IS - 9 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Gases KW - Ammonia KW - 7664-41-7 KW - Methane KW - OP0UW79H66 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Methane -- analysis KW - Ammonia -- analysis KW - Gases -- analysis KW - Animal Husbandry KW - Quality Control KW - Swine KW - Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared -- standards KW - Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared -- statistics & numerical data KW - Environmental Monitoring -- standards KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- statistics & numerical data UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70845685?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Application+of+standardized+quality+control+procedures+to+open-path+Fourier+transform+infrared+data+collected+at+a+concentrated+swine+production+facility.&rft.au=Childers%2C+J+W%3BThompson%2C+E+L%3BHarris%2C+D+B%3BKirchgessner%2C+D+A%3BClayton%2C+M%3BNatschke%2C+D+F%3BPhillips%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Childers&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1859&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-05 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental Policy as Learning: A New View of an Old Landscape AN - 60134165; 200111715 AB - Environmental policy in the US has always been characterized by high levels of political conflict. At the same time, however, policymakers have shown a capacity to learn from their own & others' experience. This article examines US environmental policy since 1970 as a learning process &, more specifically, as an effort to develop three kinds of capacities for policy learning. The first decade & a half may be seen in terms of technical learning, characterized by a high degree of technical & legal proficiency, but also narrow problem definitions, institutional fragmentation, & adversarial relations among actors. In the 1980s, growing recognition of deficiencies in technical learning led to a search for new goals, strategies, & policy instruments, in what may be termed conceptual learning. By the early 1990s, policymakers also recognized a need for a new set of capacities at social learning, reflecting trends in European environmental policy, international interest in the concept of sustainability, & dissatisfaction with the US experience. Social learning stresses communication & interaction among actors. Most industrial nations, including the US, are working to develop & integrate capacities for all three kinds of learning. Efforts to integrate capacities for conceptual & social learning in the US have had mixed success, however, because the institutional & legal framework for environmental policy still is founded on technical learning. 70 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Public Administration Review AU - Fiorino, Daniel J AD - Performance Incentives Division, Office Policy/Economics/Innovation, US Environmental Protection Agency Fiorino.Dan@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 322 EP - 334 VL - 61 IS - 3 SN - 0033-3352, 0033-3352 KW - Policy Making KW - Learning KW - Environmental Policy KW - United States of America KW - article KW - 9261: public policy/administration; public policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60134165?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Public+Administration+Review&rft.atitle=Environmental+Policy+as+Learning%3A+A+New+View+of+an+Old+Landscape&rft.au=Fiorino%2C+Daniel+J&rft.aulast=Fiorino&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=322&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Public+Administration+Review&rft.issn=00333352&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-10-30 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United States of America; Environmental Policy; Policy Making; Learning ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The U.S. EPA Brownsfields Program in the Menomonee Valley AN - 52230702; 2001-042098 JF - The Professional Geologist AU - Orr, Deborah AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 20 EP - 21 PB - American Institute of Professional Geologists, Arvada, CO VL - 38 IS - 5 SN - 0279-0521, 0279-0521 KW - United States KW - programs KW - metals KW - government agencies KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - Menomonee Valley KW - Wisconsin KW - remediation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52230702?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Professional+Geologist&rft.atitle=The+U.S.+EPA+Brownsfields+Program+in+the+Menomonee+Valley&rft.au=Orr%2C+Deborah%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Orr&rft.aufirst=Deborah&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Professional+Geologist&rft.issn=02790521&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AIPG 37th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-16 N1 - CODEN - PFGLBS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - government agencies; Menomonee Valley; metals; pollution; programs; remediation; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; United States; Wisconsin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Historical analysis, a valuable tool in community-based environmental protection AN - 52176986; 2001-076349 JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin AU - Pesch, Carol E AU - Garber, Jonathan Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 339 EP - 349 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 42 IS - 5 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Acushnet River basin KW - development KW - copper KW - PCBs KW - techniques KW - urbanization KW - Holocene KW - remediation KW - environmental management KW - Cenozoic KW - urban planning KW - Bristol County Massachusetts KW - Massachusetts KW - drainage basins KW - New Bedford Massachusetts KW - historical analysis KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - ecology KW - industry KW - protection KW - sewage KW - Quaternary KW - pollutants KW - sedimentation KW - harbors KW - agriculture KW - pollution KW - urban geology KW - organic compounds KW - New Bedford Harbor KW - Buzzards Bay KW - metals KW - industrial waste KW - waste disposal KW - upper Holocene KW - coastal sedimentation KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52176986?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Historical+analysis%2C+a+valuable+tool+in+community-based+environmental+protection&rft.au=Pesch%2C+Carol+E%3BGarber%2C+Jonathan&rft.aulast=Pesch&rft.aufirst=Carol&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0025326X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - U.S. Environ. Prot. Agency, Atlantic Ecology Div. Contrib. No. AED-00-002 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MPNBAZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Acushnet River basin; agriculture; Bristol County Massachusetts; Buzzards Bay; Cenozoic; chlorinated hydrocarbons; coastal sedimentation; copper; development; drainage basins; ecology; environmental management; halogenated hydrocarbons; harbors; historical analysis; Holocene; industrial waste; industry; land use; Massachusetts; metals; New Bedford Harbor; New Bedford Massachusetts; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; protection; Quaternary; remediation; sedimentation; sewage; techniques; United States; upper Holocene; urban geology; urban planning; urbanization; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting nutrient and sediment loadings to streams from landscape metrics; a multiple watershed study from the United States Mid-Atlantic region AN - 51982405; 2003-044468 JF - Landscape Ecology AU - Jones, K Bruce AU - Neale, Anne C AU - Nash, Maliha S AU - van Remortel, Rick D AU - Wickham, James D AU - Riitters, Kurt H AU - O'Neill, Robert V Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 301 EP - 312 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 0921-2973, 0921-2973 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - spatial data KW - rivers and streams KW - watersheds KW - Appalachians KW - ecosystems KW - nitrogen KW - ground water KW - critical load KW - sediment yield KW - sediments KW - Maryland KW - West Virginia KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - hydrology KW - forests KW - bedload KW - North America KW - Virginia KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - phosphorus KW - nutrients KW - riparian environment KW - dissolved materials KW - Pennsylvania KW - water resources KW - aquatic environment KW - regression analysis KW - Piedmont KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51982405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Landscape+Ecology&rft.atitle=Predicting+nutrient+and+sediment+loadings+to+streams+from+landscape+metrics%3B+a+multiple+watershed+study+from+the+United+States+Mid-Atlantic+region&rft.au=Jones%2C+K+Bruce%3BNeale%2C+Anne+C%3BNash%2C+Maliha+S%3Bvan+Remortel%2C+Rick+D%3BWickham%2C+James+D%3BRiitters%2C+Kurt+H%3BO%27Neill%2C+Robert+V&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=301&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Landscape+Ecology&rft.issn=09212973&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(pwocrxega03s35zhtdzs0u55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:103025,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Appalachians; aquatic environment; Atlantic Coastal Plain; bedload; critical load; dissolved materials; ecosystems; forests; ground water; hydrology; Maryland; nitrogen; North America; nutrients; Pennsylvania; phosphorus; Piedmont; pollution; regression analysis; riparian environment; rivers and streams; sediment yield; sediments; spatial data; statistical analysis; surface water; United States; Virginia; water quality; water resources; watersheds; West Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - RELATIVE POTENCIES OF POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZO-p-DIOXIN, DIBENZOFURAN, AND BIPHENYL CONGENERS TO INDUCE CYTOCHROME P4501A mRNA IN A ZEBRAFISH LIVER CELL LINE AN - 20191282; 7290580 AB - Induction of cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) mRNA by polychlorinated dibenzo- p-dioxin (PCDD), polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDF), and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners was measured in a zebrafish liver (ZF-L) cell line. The ZF-L cells were far less sensitive to PCDD, PCDF, and PCB congeners than were other fish cell lines. The 2,3,7,8-PCDDs, 2,3,7,8-PCDFs, and PCB 126 caused dose-related induction. All other PCBs tested, including other coplanar as well as ortho-substituted congeners, were ineffective at inducing CYP1A. The potency of each congener that gave a response, relative to 2,3,7,8- tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, was determined. The ZF-L cell-derived relative potency values (REPs) are similar to other in vitro REPs in that the ZF-L cell- derived REPs are generally higher than those derived from in vivo models. Furthermore, the ZF-L cell-derived REPs are generally within fivefold of REPs determined in a variety of rainbow trout systems when the same endpoint in the same tissue are compared. Analysis of these data indicates that REPs based on molecular and biochemical responses in sensitive and insensitive species are similar, but overestimate relative in vivo toxicity in the rainbow trout. The ZF-L cell-derived REPs expand the database of REPs, providing additional information that will be useful in quantifying the uncertainty associated with applying consensus fish-specific toxic equivalency factors in ecological risk assessment. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Henry, Tala R AU - Nesbit, Dorothy J AU - Heideman, Warren AU - Peterson, Richard E AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, 6201 Congdon Boulevard, Duluth, Minnesota 55804 Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 1053 EP - 1058 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. PO Box 1897 Lawrence KS 66044 USA, [mailto:webmaster@allenpress.com] VL - 20 IS - 5 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Rainbow trout KW - Zebra danio KW - Zebra fish KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Dioxin KW - Toxicity equivalence factors KW - Zebrafish KW - Liver KW - Cytochrome P4501A KW - Risk assessment KW - Cytochromes KW - Biochemistry KW - Hepatocytes KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Assessments KW - PCDF KW - Congeners KW - PCB compounds KW - PCDD KW - PCB KW - Toxicology KW - Data processing KW - Geochemistry KW - Polychlorinated dibenzofurans KW - Animal physiology KW - Toxicity KW - Fish (cyprinid) (minnow or carp family) (continued) KW - Chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - mRNA KW - Biphenyl KW - Databases KW - Cytochrome KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - CYP1A protein KW - Trout KW - Dibenzofuran KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Dibenzo-p-dioxin KW - Fish KW - Cytochrome P450 KW - Test Wells KW - Q1 08346:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - N 14830:RNA KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20191282?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=RELATIVE+POTENCIES+OF+POLYCHLORINATED+DIBENZO-p-DIOXIN%2C+DIBENZOFURAN%2C+AND+BIPHENYL+CONGENERS+TO+INDUCE+CYTOCHROME+P4501A+mRNA+IN+A+ZEBRAFISH+LIVER+CELL+LINE&rft.au=Henry%2C+Tala+R%3BNesbit%2C+Dorothy+J%3BHeideman%2C+Warren%3BPeterson%2C+Richard+E&rft.aulast=Henry&rft.aufirst=Tala&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1053&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/10.1897%2F1551-5028%282001%290202.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cytochromes; Geochemistry; Animal physiology; Toxicity; Freshwater fish; Toxicology; Chlorinated hydrocarbons; PCB; Risk assessment; Data processing; Hepatocytes; Polychlorinated dibenzofurans; Cytochrome P4501A; mRNA; Biphenyl; Databases; CYP1A protein; polychlorinated biphenyls; Dibenzofuran; Dibenzo-p-dioxin; Congeners; Cytochrome P450; Cytochrome; Biochemistry; Liver; PCDF; PCB compounds; PCDD; Assessments; Trout; Water Pollution Effects; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Fish; Fish (cyprinid) (minnow or carp family) (continued); Test Wells; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1897/1551-5028(2001)020<1053:RPOPDP>2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Amendment of Sediments with a Carbonaceous Resin Reduces Bioavailability of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons AN - 20158740; 7290600 AB - We evaluated the effectiveness of Ambersorb[reg.], a carbonaceous resin, in reducing bioavailability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in contaminated sediments collected from the field. In laboratory studies, sediment pore-water concentrations of eight unsubstituted PAHs were significantly decreased after resin addition. Reduced PAH concentrations in oligochaete tissues from a laboratory bioaccumulation test, along with increased survival/reproduction and reduced photo-enhanced toxicity and sediment avoidance, also resulted from sediment treatment with Ambersorb. Resin amendment also decreased pore-water PAH concentrations in field deployed sediments but did not improve benthic invertebrate colonization. Prediction of partitioning of PAHs between solid and aqueous phases in the test sediments was complicated by the presence of coal and soot. However, accurate predictions of bioavailability were achieved based on pore-water chemistry. Overall, these studies show that the addition of high affinity sorbents effectively reduces pore-water PAH concentrations and bioavailability and suggests that sorbent addition may serve as an option for in situ remediation of some contaminated sediments. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - West, Corlis W AU - Kosian, Patricia A AU - Mount, David R AU - Makynen, Elizabeth A AU - Pasha, Mumtaz S AU - Sibley, Paul K AU - Ankley, Gerald T AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 6201 Congdon Boulevard, Duluth, Minnesota 55804 Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 1104 EP - 1111 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. PO Box 1897 Lawrence KS 66044 USA, [mailto:webmaster@allenpress.com], [URL:http://www.allenpress.com] VL - 20 IS - 5 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Bioremediation KW - Avoidance reactions KW - Toxicity tests KW - Colonization KW - Bioavailability KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Testing Procedures KW - Resins KW - Laboratories KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - survival KW - Prediction KW - Survival KW - Pollution effects KW - Coal KW - Oligochaeta KW - Sorbents KW - Sediment pollution KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Toxicity KW - colonization KW - Sediments KW - Bioaccumulation KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Reproduction KW - Zoobenthos KW - Q2 09123:Conservation KW - Z 05320:Physiology, Anatomy, and Biochemistry KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20158740?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Amendment+of+Sediments+with+a+Carbonaceous+Resin+Reduces+Bioavailability+of+Polycyclic+Aromatic+Hydrocarbons&rft.au=West%2C+Corlis+W%3BKosian%2C+Patricia+A%3BMount%2C+David+R%3BMakynen%2C+Elizabeth+A%3BPasha%2C+Mumtaz+S%3BSibley%2C+Paul+K%3BAnkley%2C+Gerald+T&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=Corlis&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1104&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/10.1897%2F1551-5028%282001%290202.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioavailability; Colonization; Sediment pollution; Bioaccumulation; Avoidance reactions; Aromatic hydrocarbons; Pollution effects; Coal; Zoobenthos; Toxicity tests; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Resins; Survival; Reproduction; Toxicity; Sediments; Sorbents; Bioremediation; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; survival; colonization; Testing Procedures; Prediction; Laboratories; Water Pollution Effects; Sediment Contamination; Oligochaeta DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1897/1551-5028(2001)020<1104:AOSWAC>2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Possible Estuary-Associated Syndrome: Symptoms, Vision, and Treatment AN - 19935333; 5219210 AB - The human illness designated as possible estuarine-associated syndrome (PEAS) by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has been associated with exposure to estuaries inhabited by toxin-forming dinoflagellates, including members of the fish-killing toxic Pfiesteria complex (TPC), Pfiesteria piscicida and Pfiesteria shumwayae. Humans may be exposed through direct contact with estuarine water or by inhalation of aerosolized or volatilized toxin(s). The five cases reported here demonstrate the full spectrum of symptoms experienced during acute and chronic stages of this suspected neurotoxin-mediated illness. The nonspecific symptoms most commonly reported are cough, secretory diarrhea, headache, fatigue, memory impairment, rash, difficulty in concentrating, light sensitivity, burning skin upon water contact, muscle ache, and abdominal pain. Less frequently encountered symptoms are upper airway obstruction, shortness of breath, confusion, red or tearing eyes, weakness, and vertigo. Some patients experience as few as four of these symptoms. The discovery that an indicator of visual pattern-detection ability, visual contrast sensitivity (VCS), is sharply reduced in affected individuals has provided an objective indicator that is useful in diagnosing and monitoring PEAS. VCS deficits are present in both acute and chronic PEAS, and VCS recovers during cholestyramine treatment coincident with symptom abatement. Although PEAS cannot yet be definitively associated with TPC exposure, resolution with cholestyramine treatment suggests a neurotoxin-mediated illness. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Shoemaker, R C AU - Hudnell, H K AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Neurotoxicology Division, MD-74B, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711 USA, hudnell.ken@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 539 EP - 545 VL - 109 IS - 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Case reports KW - Water-borne diseases KW - case reports KW - estuarine-associated syndrome KW - man KW - water-borne diseases KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Human Population KW - Estuarine organisms KW - Symptoms KW - Human diseases KW - Environmental health KW - Phytoplankton KW - Risks KW - Pfiesteria piscicida KW - Public health KW - Dinoflagellates KW - Diseases KW - Disease detection KW - Biological poisons KW - Pfiesteria shumwayae KW - Estuaries KW - Brackish KW - Syndromes KW - Clinical aspects KW - Toxins KW - Neurotoxins KW - X 24172:Plants KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - K 03039:Algae KW - M1 300:Public Health and Risk Factors KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19935333?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Possible+Estuary-Associated+Syndrome%3A+Symptoms%2C+Vision%2C+and+Treatment&rft.au=Shoemaker%2C+R+C%3BHudnell%2C+H+K&rft.aulast=Shoemaker&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=539&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Estuarine organisms; Symptoms; Human diseases; Biological poisons; Phytoplankton; Disease detection; Neurotoxins; Risks; Public health; Estuaries; Dinoflagellates; Water-borne diseases; Syndromes; Diseases; Clinical aspects; Toxins; Environmental health; Pfiesteria shumwayae; Pfiesteria piscicida; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Profenofos Residues in Wild Fish from Cotton-Growing Areas of New South Wales, Australia AN - 18176289; 5161198 AB - The organophosphorus (OP) pesticide profenofos (O-4-bromo-2-chlorophenyl O-ethyl S-propyl phosphorothioate) is used heavily in cotton-growing areas of eastern Australia toward the end of the growing season. European carp (Cyprinus carpio), bony bream (Nematalosa erebi), and mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) were collected from the cotton-growing areas around Wee Waa, New South Wales, to determine the relationship between profenofos residues and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in wild fish. Profenofos concentrations in water, sediment, and fish tissue reflected its general level of use; levels in March 1994 were significantly higher than in 1993 and generally decreased in May, 6 wk after cessation of spraying. Residues in carp and bony bream generally correlated with concentrations in water and sediment, although residues in fish tend to persist longer at some sites. Acetylcholinesterase inhibition was a useful indicator of profenofos exposure within a season, particularly if linked with residue measurements. Bony bream and gravid female mosquitofish recovered AChE levels more slowly than carp or nongravid mosquitofish. Recovery in creeks was generally more rapid than in lagoons. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Kumar, A AU - Chapman, J C AD - Dep. of Biological Sciences, Macquarie Univ., North Ryde NSW 2113 Australia, chapmanj@epa.nsw.gov.au Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 740 EP - 750 VL - 30 IS - 3 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Bony bream KW - Common carp KW - Eastern mosquitofish KW - acetylcholinesterase KW - profenofos KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - Aquatic organisms KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Nematalosa erebi KW - Organophosphates KW - Agricultural pollution KW - Pollution effects KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Insecticides KW - Australia, New South Wales, New England Region, Wee Waa KW - Pollution indicators KW - Agricultural runoff KW - Freshwater pollution KW - Bioindicators KW - Rivers KW - Gambusia holbrooki KW - Agrochemicals KW - Australia, New South Wales, Wee Waa KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Bioassays KW - Cyprinus carpio KW - Pesticides KW - Q1 08346:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18176289?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Profenofos+Residues+in+Wild+Fish+from+Cotton-Growing+Areas+of+New+South+Wales%2C+Australia&rft.au=Kumar%2C+A%3BChapman%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Kumar&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=740&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Pollution monitoring; Bioassays; Insecticides; Bioaccumulation; Agricultural pollution; Pesticides; Pollution effects; Freshwater fish; Agricultural runoff; Pollution indicators; Freshwater pollution; Bioindicators; Aquatic organisms; Organophosphates; Agrochemicals; Nematalosa erebi; Gambusia holbrooki; Cyprinus carpio; Australia, New South Wales, New England Region, Wee Waa; Australia, New South Wales, Wee Waa; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Considerations Necessary in Gathering Occurrence Data for Selected Unstable Compounds in the USEPA Unregulated Contaminant Candidate List in USEPA Method 526 AN - 18176163; 5154684 AB - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Method 526 was developed for the analysis of target analytes that are subject to degradation by hydrolysis. Two technical hurdles that had to be overcome were preservation of the target analytes and selection of a suitable solid-phase extraction material. The target analytes were diazinon, disulfoton, fonofos, terbufos, prometon, 1,2-diphenylhydrazine, nitrobenzene, acetochlor, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, and cyanazine. Diazolidinyl urea was used for the first time as a microbial inhibitor in an EPA drinking water method. Experiment confirmed antimicrobial agents containing copper or mercury salts increased hydrolysis degradation rates. Trisodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid salt was added to chelate metal ions that may increase hydrolysis rates. A pH 7 buffer of tris-(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris) and Tris hydrochloride was used to minimize rates of hydrolysis. The use of ascorbic acid prevented degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol, terbufos, fonofos, diazinon, and disulfoton due to residual chlorine. Samples were extracted using a styrene divinylbenzene solid-phase material and analyzed by capillary column gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. A 21-day storage stability study, together with precision and accuracy studies, showed that this method has suitable sensitivity, accuracy, precision, and ruggedness for use in the EPA's Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule drinking water occurrence survey. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Winslow, S D AU - Prakash, B AU - Domino, M M AU - Pepich, B V AU - Munch, D J AD - IT Corporation, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, Ohio 45219, USA, winslow.stephen@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/05/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 01 SP - 1851 EP - 1858 VL - 35 IS - 9 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - 1,2-diphenylhydrazine KW - 2,4,6-trichlorophenol KW - 2,4-dichlorophenol KW - acetochlor KW - cyanazine KW - diazinon KW - disulfoton KW - fonofos KW - nitrobenzene KW - prometon KW - terbufos KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Water supplies (Potable) KW - Water Pollution KW - Water Analysis KW - Chromatography KW - Water conservation KW - Water Quality KW - Chemical Analysis KW - Hydrolysis KW - Water analysis KW - Hydrogen ion concentrations KW - EPA KW - Water Quality Standards KW - Drinking Water KW - Spectrometry (Mass) KW - Drinking water KW - Diazinon KW - Chemical analysis KW - Water quality (Natural waters) KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18176163?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Considerations+Necessary+in+Gathering+Occurrence+Data+for+Selected+Unstable+Compounds+in+the+USEPA+Unregulated+Contaminant+Candidate+List+in+USEPA+Method+526&rft.au=Winslow%2C+S+D%3BPrakash%2C+B%3BDomino%2C+M+M%3BPepich%2C+B+V%3BMunch%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Winslow&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1851&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; Drinking water; Chemical analysis; Water analysis; Hydrolysis; Water supplies (Potable); Chromatography; Water conservation; Spectrometry (Mass); Diazinon; Hydrogen ion concentrations; Water quality (Natural waters); Water Pollution; Water Quality Standards; Drinking Water; Water Analysis; Chemical Analysis; Water Quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fate and Toxicity of Endosulfan in Namoi River Water and Bottom Sediment AN - 18174284; 5161199 AB - Endosulfan (6,7,8,9,10,10,-hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9, 9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepine-3-oxide) sorption (standardized to 1% total organic carbon and dry weight) was significantly (P 63 mu m) particle fraction compared with smaller size fractions (<5 mu m and 5-24 mu m) of bottom sediments from the Namoi River, Australia. Following completion of the particle size fractionation (6 to 12 wk) and a sediment toxicity assessment (2 wk), the sediments showed large decreases in concentrations of alpha -endosulfan that coincided with an increase in endosulfan sulfate concentrations and minimal changes in beta -endosulfan concentrations. In the Namoi River, similar patterns were observed in the composition of total endosulfan in monthly measurements of bottom sediments and in passive samplers placed in the water column following runoff from cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fields. The toxicity of endosulfan sulfate in river water indicated by the nymphs of the epibenthic mayfly Jappa kutera, was more persistent than the alpha - and beta -endosulfan parent isomers due to its longer half-life. This suggests that endosulfan sulfate would contribute most to previously observed changes in population densities of aquatic biota. Measured concentrations of total endosulfan in river water of up to 4 mu g L super(-1) following storm runoff, exceed the range of the 96-h median lethal concentration (LC50) values in river water for both alpha -endosulfan (LC50 = 0.7 mu g L super(-1); 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.5 to 1.1) and endosulfan sulfate (LC50 = 1.2 mu g L super(-1); 95% CI = 0.4 to 3.3). In contrast, the 10-d LC50 value for total endosulfan in the sediment toxicity test (LC50 = 162 mu g kg super(-1); 95% CI = 120 to 218 mu g kg super(-1)) was more than threefold higher than the highest measured concentration of total endosulfan in field samples of bottom sediment (48 mu g kg super(-1)). This suggests that pulse exposures of endosulfan in the water column following storm runoff may be more acutely toxic to riverine biota than in contaminated bottom sediment. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Leonard, A W AU - Hyne, R V AU - Lim, R P AU - Leigh, KA AU - Le, J AU - Beckett, R AD - Ecotoxicology Section, Environment Protection Authority, New South Wales, located at the Centre for Ecotoxicology, Westbourne Street, Gore Hill, NSW 2065 Australia, hyner@epa.nsw.gov.au Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 750 EP - 759 VL - 30 IS - 3 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Australia KW - Australia, Namoi R. KW - Endosulfan KW - Ephemeroptera KW - endosulfan KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Water Pollution KW - Particle Size KW - Jappa kutera KW - Ecological Effects KW - Sulphates KW - Sediment analysis KW - Biota KW - Stormwater runoff KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Chemical Composition KW - Australia, New South Wales, Namoi R. KW - Data Collections KW - Freshwater pollution KW - Rivers KW - Sediment pollution KW - Leptophlebiidae KW - Freshwater environments KW - Fate of Pollutants KW - Toxicity KW - Inland water environment KW - Sediments KW - Fate KW - Water pollution KW - Gossypium hirsutum KW - River water KW - Pesticides KW - Toxicity testing KW - Chemical analysis KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - Z 05210:Aquatic entomology KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - X 24136:Environmental impact UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18174284?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Fate+and+Toxicity+of+Endosulfan+in+Namoi+River+Water+and+Bottom+Sediment&rft.au=Leonard%2C+A+W%3BHyne%2C+R+V%3BLim%2C+R+P%3BLeigh%2C+KA%3BLe%2C+J%3BBeckett%2C+R&rft.aulast=Leonard&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=750&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment pollution; Biota; Stormwater runoff; River water; Toxicity; Inland water environment; Chemical analysis; Water pollution; Sediment analysis; Sulphates; Fate; Freshwater environments; Toxicity testing; Sediments; Rivers; Pesticides; Freshwater pollution; Endosulfan; Water Pollution; Particle Size; Fate of Pollutants; Sediment Contamination; Ecological Effects; Chemical Composition; Data Collections; Leptophlebiidae; Jappa kutera; Gossypium hirsutum; Australia, New South Wales, Namoi R. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Photosynthetic characteristics of sub-tidal benthic microalgal populations from a temperate, shallow water marine ecosystem AN - 18079200; 5141023 AB - The photosynthetic characteristics ( alpha super(B), P super(B) sub(max) and I sub(k)) of sub-tidal benthic microalgal populations from Port Phillip Bay, southern Australia, have been examined using an oxygen exchange procedure from intact sediment cores. Photosynthesis-irradiance (P-I) parameters were measured at two water depths and three sites over the course of an annual cycle, enabling strategies for spatial and temporal (seasonal) photoacclimation to be determined. The respective roles of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) and water temperature in regulating P-I parameters are also discussed. The benthic microalgal population exhibited marked acclimation to in situ PPFD, which varied as a function of seasonality, water depth and site. Examples of benthic microalgal photoacclimation strategies based on an increase in photosynthetic unit size are evident in Port Phillip Bay. P-I parameters followed a unimodal seasonal pattern with maximum values generally occurring in the late spring to early autumn period and minimum values generally occurring throughout winter months. A strong relationship exists between P super(B) sub(max) and alpha super(B), which is independent of PPFD and temperature. Variation in benthic microalgal P super(B) sub(max) was determined principally by variation in PPFD whereas water temperature exerted the greatest influence on alpha super(B). Both parameters combine in the form of the parameter I sub(k) which provides an accurate photoacclimation index in Port Phillip Bay. Compared to deep water sites, shallow water sites gave poor spatial and temporal signals, indicating the importance of environmental factors other than PPFD in regulating P-I parameters in these physically constrained habitats. JF - Aquatic Botany AU - Light, B R AU - Beardall, J AD - Environment Protection Authority, 27 Francis St., Melbourne, 3000 Vic., Australia, brett.light@epa.vic.gov.au Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 9 EP - 27 VL - 70 IS - 1 SN - 0304-3770, 0304-3770 KW - Australia KW - Australia, Port Phillip Bay KW - Australia, Victoria, Port Phillip Bay KW - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Temperature effects KW - Marine KW - Seasonal Variations KW - Phytobenthos KW - Irradiance KW - Photosynthesis KW - Temperature KW - Phytoplankton KW - Benthic environment KW - Sediments KW - Marine Algae KW - Oxygen KW - PSE, Australia, Victoria, Port Phillip Bay KW - Marine environment KW - Marine ecosystems KW - Seasonal variations KW - Algae KW - Benthos KW - K 03009:Algae KW - Q1 08226:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - SW 0860:Water and plants KW - O 1010:Viruses, Bacteria, Protists, Fungi and Plants KW - D 04330:Marine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18079200?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Botany&rft.atitle=Photosynthetic+characteristics+of+sub-tidal+benthic+microalgal+populations+from+a+temperate%2C+shallow+water+marine+ecosystem&rft.au=Light%2C+B+R%3BBeardall%2C+J&rft.aulast=Light&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Botany&rft.issn=03043770&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Phytobenthos; Photosynthesis; Irradiance; Seasonal variations; Marine environment; Phytoplankton; Marine ecosystems; Benthic environment; Benthos; Algae; Oxygen; Seasonal Variations; Temperature; Sediments; Marine Algae; PSE, Australia, Victoria, Port Phillip Bay; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Is It Really Class A? AN - 18075920; 5138855 AB - A primary goal of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Standards for the Use or Disposal of Sludge (40 CFR 503) is adequately controlling pathogens that may be present in raw sludge. The rule includes two approaches for controlling pathogens: Class A, in which disinfection processes reduce pathogen levels in biosolids to "below detectable levels," and Class B, in which disinfection processes "significantly reduce" pathogen levels in biosolids. (Access and crop harvesting restrictions help ensure that the risks related to landapplying Class B biosolids are comparable to those of using Class A biosolids.). JF - Water Environment & Technology AU - Bastian, R K AU - Smith, JE Jr AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Wastewater Management in Washington, D.C., USA Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 39 EP - 42 VL - 13 IS - 5 SN - 1044-9493, 1044-9493 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Disinfection KW - Federal regulations KW - Pathogens KW - Sludge disposal KW - Municipal solid wastes KW - Waste management KW - EPA KW - Land disposal KW - Standards KW - Pathogenic organism KW - Biosolids KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18075920?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Is+It+Really+Class+A%3F&rft.au=Bastian%2C+R+K%3BSmith%2C+JE+Jr&rft.aulast=Bastian&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.issn=10449493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Disinfection; EPA; Federal regulations; Standards; Pathogens; Sludge disposal; Municipal solid wastes; Land disposal; Biosolids; Pathogenic organism; Waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recent Advances in Arsenic Carcinogenesis: Modes of Action, Animal Model Systems, and Methylated Arsenic Metabolites AN - 17896331; 5130605 AB - Recent advances in our knowledge of arsenic carcinogenesis include the development of rat or mouse models for all human organs in which inorganic arsenic is known to cause cancer-skin, lung, urinary bladder, liver, and kidney. Tumors can be produced from either promotion of carcinogenesis protocols (mouse skin and lungs, rat bladder, kidney, liver, and thyroid) or from complete carcinogenesis protocols (rat bladder and mouse lung). Experiments with p53 super(/) and K6/ODC transgenic mice administered dimethylarsinic acid or arsenite have shown some degree of carcinogenic, cocarcinogenic, or promotional activity in skin or bladder. At present, with the possible exception of skin, the arsenic carcinogenesis models in wild-type animals are more highly developed than in transgenic mice. Recent advances in arsenic metabolism have suggested that methylation of inorganic arsenic may be a toxification, rather than a detoxification, pathway and that trivalent methylated arsenic metabolites, particularly monomethylarsonous acid and dimethylarsinous acid, have a great deal of biological activity. Accumulating evidence indicates that these trivalent, methylated, and relatively less ionizable arsenic metabolites may be unusually capable of interacting with cellular targets such as proteins and even DNA. In risk assessment of environmental arsenic, it is important to know and to utilize both the mode of carcinogenic action and the shape of the dose-response curve at low environmental arsenic concentrations. Although much progress has been recently made in the area of arsenics possible mode(s) of carcinogenic action, a scientific concensus has not yet been reached. In this review, nine different possible modes of action of arsenic carcinogenesis are presented and discussed-induced chromosomal abnormalities, oxidative stress, altered DNA repair, altered DNA methylation patterns, altered growth factors, enhanced cell proliferation, promotion/progression, gene amplification, and suppression of p53. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Kitchin, K T AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 27711 Y1 - 2001/05/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 01 SP - 249 EP - 261 PB - Academic Press VL - 172 IS - 3 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - rats KW - mice KW - animal models KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Arsenic KW - Oxidative stress KW - Reviews KW - Carcinogenesis KW - DNA methylation KW - Chromosome aberrations KW - p53 protein KW - X 24165:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17896331?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Recent+Advances+in+Arsenic+Carcinogenesis%3A+Modes+of+Action%2C+Animal+Model+Systems%2C+and+Methylated+Arsenic+Metabolites&rft.au=Kitchin%2C+K+T&rft.aulast=Kitchin&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=172&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=249&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1006%2Ftaap.2001.9157 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arsenic; Carcinogenesis; Reviews; p53 protein; Oxidative stress; Chromosome aberrations; DNA methylation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/taap.2001.9157 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Short-Term in Vivo Exposure to Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers on Thyroid Hormones and Hepatic Enzyme Activities in Weanling Rats AN - 17878213; 5121962 AB - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), used as flame retardants, are ubiquitous environmental contaminants. PBDEs act as endocrine disruptors via alterations in thyroid hormone homeostasis. We examined thyroid hormone concentrations and hepatic enzyme activity in weanling rats exposed to three commercial PBDE mixtures: DE-71, DE-79, and DE-83R. Female Long-Evans rats, 28 days old, were orally administered various doses of DE-71, DE-79, or DE-83R for 4 days. Serum and liver samples were collected 24 h after the last dose and analyzed for serum total thyroxine (T sub(4)), triiodothyronine (T sub(3)), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), hepatic microsomal ethoxy- and pentoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD and PROD), and uridinediphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase (UDPGT) activities. The PBDE-treated groups did not exhibit significant changes in body weight; however, increased liver weights, as well as 10- to 20-fold induction in EROD and 30- to 40-fold induction in PROD were found in the DE-71- and DE-79-treated animals. DE-71 and DE-79 caused dose-dependent depletion of T sub(4), accompanied by up to 3- to 4-fold induction in UDPGT activities. Serum total T sub(4) was decreased a maximum of 80% for DE-71 and 70% for DE-79 in the highest dose, with benchmark doses (BMDs) of approximately 12.74 mg/kg/day for DE-71 and 9.25 mg/kg/day for DE-79. Dose-related effects in serum T sub(3) levels were less apparent, with maximal reductions of 25-30% at the highest dose for both DE-71 and DE-79. The two mixtures showed no effect on serum TSH levels. Benchmark dose analysis revealed that the two mixtures were comparable in altering thyroid hormone levels and hepatic enzyme activity. DE-83R was not effective in altering any of the measured parameters. The present study suggests that short-term exposure to some commercial PBDE mixtures interferes with the thyroid hormone system via upregulation of UDPGTs. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Zhou, Tong AU - Ross, D G AU - DeVito, MJ AU - Crofton, K M AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 76 EP - 82 VL - 61 IS - 1 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - rats KW - polybrominated diphenyl ethers KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Thyroid hormones KW - Liver KW - Enzymes KW - Fire retardant chemicals KW - Endocrine system KW - X 24140:Cosmetics, toiletries & household products UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17878213?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Short-Term+in+Vivo+Exposure+to+Polybrominated+Diphenyl+Ethers+on+Thyroid+Hormones+and+Hepatic+Enzyme+Activities+in+Weanling+Rats&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Tong%3BRoss%2C+D+G%3BDeVito%2C+MJ%3BCrofton%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Tong&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=76&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Endocrine system; Fire retardant chemicals; Thyroid hormones; Liver; Enzymes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Effects of Perinatal/Juvenile Heptachlor Exposure on Adult Immune and Reproductive System Function in Rats AN - 17877463; 5121971 AB - This study was performed to determine if developmental exposure of rats to heptachlor (H) during the last half of gestation through puberty adversely affects adult functioning of the immune and reproductive systems. Time-bred pregnant female Sprague-Dawley rats were dosed by gavage with H (0, 30, 300, or 3000 mu g/kg/day) from gestation day (GD) 12 to postnatal day (PND) 7, followed by direct dosing of the pups with H through PND 42. Separate groups of rats were evaluated with a battery of immune function tests, while other groups of rats were evaluated for reproductive development and function. Additional groups of rats were euthanized at the end of the dosing period for histological analyses of major organ systems. Some dams and PND 7 pups were euthanized; milk, plasma, fat and/or tissues were assayed for H and heptachlor epoxide B (HEB), a major metabolite of H. The amount of H and HEB found in milk, blood, fat, and tissues was proportional to the dose of H administered. There were no effects on the number or survival of pups born to H-exposed dams nor to pups exposed postnatally. There were no effects on the number of treated dams delivering litters or on litter size, nor were there any effects on any of the reproductive end points examined in the F sub(0) or F sub(1) rats. There were no effects of H exposure on lymphoid organ weights, splenic natural killer (NK) cell activity, and splenic lymphoproliferative (LP) responses to mitogens and allogeneic cells in a mixed lymphocyte response (MLR) assay at 8 weeks of age. H exposure did not alter delayed or contact hypersensitivity at 10 or 17 weeks of age, respectively. However, the primary IgM antibody response to sheep red blood cells (SRBCs) was suppressed in a dose-dependent manner in males, but not females, at 8 weeks of age. The percentage of B lymphocytes (OX12 super(+)OX19 super(-)) in spleen was also reduced in the high-dose males. The anti-SRBC IgM response was reduced only in males exposed to 30 mu g H/kg/day in a separate group of rats 21 weeks of age. In these same rats, at 26 weeks of age, the secondary IgG antibody response to SRBCs was suppressed in all of the H-exposed males, but not females. These data indicate that perinatal exposure of male rats to H results in suppression of the primary IgM and secondary IgG anti-SRBC responses. Suppression of these antibody responses persisted for up to 20 weeks after the last exposure to H, at a total exposure of approximately 1500 mu g H/kg/rat. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Smialowicz, R J AU - Williams, W C AU - Copeland, C B AU - Harris, M W AU - Overstreet, D AU - Davis, B J AU - Chapin, R E AD - Experimental Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, ETD (MD-92), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 164 EP - 175 VL - 61 IS - 1 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - rats KW - heptachlor KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Prenatal experience KW - Immune system KW - Pesticides (organochlorine) KW - Reproductive system KW - X 24132:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17877463?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=The+Effects+of+Perinatal%2FJuvenile+Heptachlor+Exposure+on+Adult+Immune+and+Reproductive+System+Function+in+Rats&rft.au=Smialowicz%2C+R+J%3BWilliams%2C+W+C%3BCopeland%2C+C+B%3BHarris%2C+M+W%3BOverstreet%2C+D%3BDavis%2C+B+J%3BChapin%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Smialowicz&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=164&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pesticides (organochlorine); Immune system; Prenatal experience; Reproductive system ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Residual Oil Fly Ash Inhalation in Guinea Pigs: Influence of Absorbate and Glutathione Depletion AN - 17874806; 5121970 AB - Inhaled urban particulate matter (PM) often contains metals that appear to contribute to its toxicity. These particles first make contact with a thin layer of epithelial lining fluid in the respiratory tract. Antioxidants present in this fluid and in cells might be important susceptibility factors in PM toxicity. We investigated the role of ascorbic acid (C) and glutathione (GSH) as determinants of susceptibility to inhaled residual oil fly ash (ROFA) in guinea pigs (male, Hartley). Guinea pigs were divided into four groups, +C+GSH, +C-GSH, -C+GSH, and -C-GSH, and exposed to clean air or ROFA (< 2.5 micron diameter, 19-25 mg/m super(3) nose-only for 2.0 h). C and/or GSH were lowered by either feeding C-depleted diet (1 mu g C/kg diet, 2 weeks) and/or by ip injection of a mixture of buthionine-S,R-sulfoximine (2.7 mmol/kg body weight) and diethylmaleate (1.2 mmol/kg, 2 h prior). Nasal lavage (NL) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and cells were examined at 0 h and 24 h postexposure to ROFA. The C-deficient diet lowered C concentrations in BAL fluid and cells and in NL fluid by 90%, and the GSH-depletion regimen lowered both GSH and C in the BAL fluid and cells by 50%. ROFA deposition was calculated at time 0 from lung Ni levels to be 46 mu g/g wet lung. In unexposed animals, the combined deficiency of C and GSH modified the cellular composition of cells recovered in lavage fluid, i.e., the increased number of eosinophils and macrophages in BAL fluid. ROFA inhalation increased lung injury in the -C-GSH group only (evidenced by increased BAL protein, LDH and neutrophils, and decreased BAL macrophages). ROFA exposure decreased C in BAL and NL at 0 h, and increased BAL C and GSH (2- to 4-fold above normal) at 24 h in nondepleted guinea pigs, but had no effect on C and GSH in depleted guinea pigs. Combined deficiency of C and GSH resulted in the highest macrophage and eosinophil counts of any group. GSH depletion was associated with increased BAL protein and LDH, increased numbers of BAL macrophages and eosinophils, and decreased rectal body temperatures. We conclude that combined deficiency of C and GSH increased susceptibility to inhaled ROFA; caused unusual BAL cellular changes; resulted in lower antioxidant concentrations in BAL than were observed with single deficiencies. Antioxidant deficiency may explain increased susceptibility to PM in elderly or diseased populations and may have important implications for extrapolating animal toxicity data to humans. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Norwood, J Jr AU - Ledbetter, AD AU - Doerfler, D L AU - Hatch, GE AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, MD-82, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 144 EP - 153 VL - 61 IS - 1 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - residual oil fly ash KW - guinea-pigs KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Oil KW - Inhalation KW - Metals KW - Glutathione KW - Particulate pollution KW - Fly ash KW - Ascorbic acid KW - X 24161:Acute exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17874806?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Residual+Oil+Fly+Ash+Inhalation+in+Guinea+Pigs%3A+Influence+of+Absorbate+and+Glutathione+Depletion&rft.au=Norwood%2C+J+Jr%3BLedbetter%2C+AD%3BDoerfler%2C+D+L%3BHatch%2C+GE&rft.aulast=Norwood&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=144&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; Fly ash; Inhalation; Particulate pollution; Ascorbic acid; Oil; Glutathione ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Plasmid-Encoded Phthalate Catabolic Pathway in Arthrobacter keyseri 12B AN - 17865422; 5114872 AB - Several 2-substituted benzoates (including 2-trifluoromethyl-, 2-chloro-, 2-bromo-, 2-iodo-, 2-nitro-, 2-methoxy-, and 2-acetyl-benzoates) were converted by phthalate-grown Arthrobacter keyseri (formerly Micrococcus sp.) 12B to the corresponding 2-substituted 3, 4-dihydroxybenzoates (protocatechuates). Because these products lack a carboxyl group at the 2 position, they were not substrates for the next enzyme of the phthalate catabolic pathway, 3, 4-dihydroxyphthalate 2-decarboxylase, and accumulated. When these incubations were carried out in iron-containing minimal medium, the products formed colored chelates. This chromogenic response was subsequently used to identify recombinant Escherichia coli strains carrying genes encoding the responsible enzymes, phthalate 3, 4-dioxygenase and 3, 4-dihydroxy-3, 4-dihydrophthalate dehydrogenase, from the 130-kbp plasmid pRE1 of strain 12B. Beginning with the initially cloned 8.14-kbp PstI fragment of pRE824 as a probe to identify recombinant plasmids carrying overlapping fragments, a DNA segment of 33.5 kbp was cloned from pRE1 on several plasmids and mapped using restriction endonucleases. From these plasmids, the sequence of 26, 274 contiguous bp was determined. Sequenced DNA included several genetic units: tnpR, pcm operon, ptr genes, pehA, norA fragment, and pht operon, encoding a transposon resolvase, catabolism of protocatechuate (3, 4-dihydroxybenzoate), a putative ATP-binding cassette transporter, a possible phthalate ester hydrolase, a fragment of a norfloxacin resistance-like transporter, and the conversion of phthalate to protocatechuate, respectively. Activities of the eight enzymes involved in the catabolism of phthalate through protocatechuate to pyruvate and oxaloacetate were demonstrated in cells or cell extracts of recombinant Ecoli strains. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Eaton, R W AD - Gulf Ecology Division, NHEERL, USEPA, 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, eaton.richard@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 3689 EP - 3703 VL - 183 IS - 12 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - catabolism KW - dehydrogenase KW - dioxygenase KW - phthalic acid KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Arthrobacter keyseri KW - Escherichia coli KW - Micrococcus KW - Plasmids KW - Iron KW - J 02760:Plasmids UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17865422?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=Plasmid-Encoded+Phthalate+Catabolic+Pathway+in+Arthrobacter+keyseri+12B&rft.au=Eaton%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Eaton&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=183&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3689&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FJB.183.12.3689-3703.2001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arthrobacter keyseri; Micrococcus; Escherichia coli; Plasmids; Iron DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.183.12.3689-3703.2001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Platinum, fuel cells, and future US road transport AN - 17861195; 5109159 AB - The rate at which fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) might displace the conventional fleet is examined under constraints imposed by the limited availability of platinum. It concludes that a transition period as short as 31 years is not feasible. Under the most favorable circumstances, a complete transition of the US fleet to this new technology would require about 66 years and 10,800 net tonnes of platinum. Platinum demand for the US auto industry alone would amount to 48% of world production during much of that transition period. The effect of that demand on the price of platinum would add to the problem of reducing vehicle cost to a competitive range. If US platinum consumption were to remain at its current level of 16% of annual world production, fleet conversion would require 146 years. These results imply that, without alternative catalysts, fuel cells alone cannot adequately address the issues facing the current system of road transport. JF - Transportation Research, Part D: Transport and Environment AU - Borgwardt, R H AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 199 EP - 207 VL - 6D IS - 3 SN - 1361-9209, 1361-9209 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Feasibility studies KW - Fuel technology KW - Motor vehicles KW - Energy conservation KW - Materials technology KW - Platinum KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17861195?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transportation+Research%2C+Part+D%3A+Transport+and+Environment&rft.atitle=Platinum%2C+fuel+cells%2C+and+future+US+road+transport&rft.au=Borgwardt%2C+R+H&rft.aulast=Borgwardt&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=6D&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transportation+Research%2C+Part+D%3A+Transport+and+Environment&rft.issn=13619209&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fuel technology; Feasibility studies; Materials technology; Platinum; Energy conservation; Motor vehicles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human visual function in the North Carolina clinical study on possible estuary-associated syndrome. AN - 70816124; 11339332 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency assisted the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services in conducting a study to investigate the potential for an association between fish kills in the North Carolina estuary system and the risk for persistent health effects. Impetus for the study was recent evidence suggesting that estuarine dinoflagellates, including members of the toxic Pfiesteria complex (TPC), P. piscicida and P. schumwayae, may release a toxin(s) that kills fish and adversely affects human health. This report describes one component of the study in which visual system function was assessed. Participants working primarily in estuaries inhabited by TPC or in off-shore waters thought not to contain TPC were studied. The potentially exposed estuary (n = 22) and unexposed offshore (n = 20) workers were matched for age, gender, and education. Visual acuity did not differ significantly between the cohorts, but visual contrast sensitivity (VCS), an indicator of visual pattern-detection ability for stimuli of various sizes, was significantly reduced by about 30% in the estuary relative to the offshore cohort. A further analysis that excluded participants having a history possibly predictive of neuropsychological impairment showed a similar VCS reduction. Additional analyses indicated that differences between the cohorts in age, education, smoking, alcohol consumption, and total time spent on any water did not account for the difference in VCS. Exploratory analyses suggested a possible association between the magnitude of VCS reduction and hours spent in contact with a fish kill. The profile of VCS deficit across stimulus sizes resembled that seen in organic solvent-exposed workers, but an assessment of occupational solvent, and other neurotoxicant, exposures did not indicate differences between the cohorts. These results suggest that factor(s) associated with the North Carolina estuaries, including the possibility of exposure to TPC toxin(s), may impair visual system function. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A AU - Hudnell, H K AU - House, D AU - Schmid, J AU - Koltai, D AU - Stopford, W AU - Wilkins, J AU - Savitz, D A AU - Swinker, M AU - Music, S AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. hudnell.ken@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/04/20/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Apr 20 SP - 575 EP - 594 VL - 62 IS - 8 SN - 1528-7394, 1528-7394 KW - Marine Toxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Vision Tests KW - Humans KW - North Carolina KW - Cohort Studies KW - Male KW - Female KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Water Pollution KW - Marine Toxins -- adverse effects KW - Visual Acuity KW - Pfiesteria piscicida UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70816124?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+A&rft.atitle=Human+visual+function+in+the+North+Carolina+clinical+study+on+possible+estuary-associated+syndrome.&rft.au=Hudnell%2C+H+K%3BHouse%2C+D%3BSchmid%2C+J%3BKoltai%2C+D%3BStopford%2C+W%3BWilkins%2C+J%3BSavitz%2C+D+A%3BSwinker%2C+M%3BMusic%2C+S&rft.aulast=Hudnell&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2001-04-20&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=575&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+A&rft.issn=15287394&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-05-17 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on fetal mouse urinary tract epithelium in vitro AN - 17875487; 5121198 AB - 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), produces hydronephrosis by altering the differentiation and proliferation of ureteric epithelial cells in the fetal C57BL/6N mouse urinary tract. This study tests the hypothesis that the late fetal urinary tract epithelial cells respond to TCDD with increased proliferation and that the responses do not require contributions from other maternal or fetal tissues. This was achieved by exposing late gestation fetal urinary tract cells to TCDD in an in vitro model. Isolated ureteric cells from gestation day (GD) 18 fetal ureters were plated in medium supplemented with trace elements, a complex mixture of lipids, a defined mixture of purified hormones and growth factors. Both epithelial and mesenchymal cells remain viable under these conditions. The cultures were exposed to 0.1% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), 1 x 10 super(-8), 1 x 10 super(-9) or 1 x 10 super(-10) M TCDD. Exposure to 1 x 10 super(-10) M TCDD did not affect the cultures, while 1 x 10 super(-8) and 1 x 10 super(-9) M TCDD supported epithelial, but not mesenchymal, cell survival and stimulated epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation. The TCDD-exposed cells expressed high levels of keratin and little or no vimentin, confirming that the cells, which survive and differentiate are epithelial. However, after continuous exposure to epidermal growth factor (EGF), the TCDD-induced stimulation of ureteric epithelial growth could not be detected. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that late gestational ureteric cells respond to TCDD in vitro with the stimulation of epithelial cell growth and differentiation. JF - Toxicology AU - Bryant, P L AU - Reid, L M AU - Schmid, JE AU - Buckalew, A R AU - Abbott, B D AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division (MD 67), NHEERL, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, abbott.barbara@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/04/12/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Apr 12 SP - 23 EP - 34 VL - 162 IS - 1 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - mice KW - in vitro KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Ureter KW - TCDD KW - Epithelium KW - Urinary tract KW - Epidermal growth factor KW - Fetuses KW - X 24151:Acute exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17875487?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+%28TCDD%29+on+fetal+mouse+urinary+tract+epithelium+in+vitro&rft.au=Bryant%2C+P+L%3BReid%2C+L+M%3BSchmid%2C+JE%3BBuckalew%2C+A+R%3BAbbott%2C+B+D&rft.aulast=Bryant&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-04-12&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ureter; Epidermal growth factor; TCDD; Epithelium; Urinary tract; Fetuses ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mixing models in analyses of diet using multiple stable isotopes: a critique AN - 17842740; 4879050 JF - Oecologia AU - Phillips, D L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA, don@mail.cor.epa.gov Y1 - 2001/04/12/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Apr 12 SP - 166 EP - 170 PB - Springer-Verlag VL - 127 IS - 2 SN - 0029-8549, 0029-8549 KW - American Marten KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Diets KW - Foraging behavior KW - Martes americana KW - Food selection KW - D 04672:Mammals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17842740?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oecologia&rft.atitle=Mixing+models+in+analyses+of+diet+using+multiple+stable+isotopes%3A+a+critique&rft.au=Phillips%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-04-12&rft.volume=127&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=166&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Oecologia&rft.issn=00298549&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Martes americana; Diets; Foraging behavior; Food selection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uncertainty in source partitioning using stable isotopes AN - 17842207; 4879051 AB - Stable isotope analyses are often used to quantify the contribution of multiple sources to a mixture, such as proportions of food sources in an animal's diet, or C3 and C4 plant inputs to soil organic carbon. Linear mixing models can be used to partition two sources with a single isotopic signature (e.g., delta super(13)C) or three sources with a second isotopic signature (e.g., delta super(15)N). Although variability of source and mixture signatures is often reported, confidence interval calculations for source proportions typically use only the mixture variability. We provide examples showing that omission of source variability can lead to underestimation of the variability of source proportion estimates. For both two- and three-source mixing models, we present formulas for calculating variances, standard errors (SE), and confidence intervals for source proportion estimates that account for the observed variability in the isotopic signatures for the sources as well as the mixture. We then performed sensitivity analyses to assess the relative importance of: (1) the isotopic signature difference between the sources, (2) isotopic signature standard deviations (SD) in the source and mixture populations, (3) sample size, (4) analytical SD, and (5) the evenness of the source proportions, for determining the variability (SE) of source proportion estimates. The proportion SEs varied inversely with the signature difference between sources, so doubling the source difference from 2 to 4 reduced the SEs by half. Source and mixture signature SDs had a substantial linear effect on source proportion SEs. However, the population variability of the sources and the mixture are fixed and the sampling error component can be changed only by increasing sample size. Source proportion SEs varied inversely with the square root of sample size, so an increase from 1 to 4 samples per population cut the SE in half. Analytical SD had little effect over the range examined since it was generally substantially smaller than the population SDs. Proportion SEs were minimized when sources were evenly divided, but increased only slightly as the proportions varied. The variance formulas provided will enable quantification of the precision of source proportion estimates. Graphs are provided to allow rapid assessment of possible combinations of source differences and source and mixture population SDs that will allow source proportion estimates with desired precision. In addition, an Excel spreadsheet to perform the calculations for the source proportions and their variances, SEs, and 95% confidence intervals for the two-source and three-source mixing models can be accessed at http://www.epa.gov/wed/pages/models.htm. JF - Oecologia AU - Phillips, D L AU - Gregg, J W AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, 200 SW 35th Street, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA, don@mail.cor.epa.gov Y1 - 2001/04/12/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Apr 12 SP - 171 EP - 179 PB - Springer-Verlag VL - 127 IS - 2 SN - 0029-8549, 0029-8549 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Isotopes KW - Carbon cycle KW - Models KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17842207?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oecologia&rft.atitle=Uncertainty+in+source+partitioning+using+stable+isotopes&rft.au=Phillips%2C+D+L%3BGregg%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-04-12&rft.volume=127&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Oecologia&rft.issn=00298549&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Isotopes; Carbon cycle; Models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prediction of the genotoxicity of aromatic and heteroaromatic amines using electrotopological state indices. AN - 77030460; 11287295 AB - In the past decade, electrotopological state (E-state) indices have come into their own as useful descriptors for correlating a variety of physicochemical and biological properties of chemical compounds. Genotoxicity and mutagenicity, however, appear not to have been previously considered. In the present study, the genotoxicity of a set of 95 aromatic and heteroaromatic amines, which has been modeled previously using several sets of parameters, is modeled using E-state indices, both with and without principal components analysis. Parallels are drawn between E-state indices that were important in these models and other types of descriptors found significant in previous studies, thus, shedding light on connections to the molecular mechanism of activity. The best result had a correlation coefficient r = 0.876 and a standard error s< or = 1 log unit. These values are comparable to those in previously published models that were based on topological/geometric or on physicochemical parameters. They are not as good as those for a model based on descriptors derived from extensive quantum mechanical analysis, but E-state indices are much easier to compute. JF - Mutation research AU - Cash, G G AD - New Chemicals Screening and Assessment Branch, Risk Assessment Division (7403), United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. cash.gordon@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/04/05/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Apr 05 SP - 31 EP - 37 VL - 491 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Amines KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Electrochemistry KW - Amines -- toxicity KW - Amines -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77030460?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Prediction+of+the+genotoxicity+of+aromatic+and+heteroaromatic+amines+using+electrotopological+state+indices.&rft.au=Cash%2C+G+G&rft.aulast=Cash&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2001-04-05&rft.volume=491&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-05-31 N1 - Date created - 2001-04-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methylated trivalent arsenic species are genotoxic. AN - 77054656; 11304123 AB - The reactivities of methyloxoarsine (MAs(III)) and iododimethylarsine (DMAs(III)), two methylated trivalent arsenicals, toward supercoiled phiX174 RFI DNA were assessed using a DNA nicking assay. The induction of DNA damage by these compounds in vitro in human peripheral lymphocytes was assessed using a single-cell gel (SCG, "comet") assay. Both methylated trivalent arsenicals were able to nick and/or completely degrade phiX174 DNA in vitro in 2 h incubations at 37 degrees C (pH 7.4) depending on concentration. MAs(III) was effective at nicking phiX174 DNA at 30 mM; however, at 150 microM DMAs(III), nicking could be observed. Exposure of phiX174 DNA to sodium arsenite (iAs(III); from 1 nM up to 300 mM), sodium arsenate (from 1 microM to 1 M), and the pentavalent arsenicals, monomethylarsonic acid (from 1 microM to 3 M) and dimethylarsinic acid (from 0.1 to 300 mM), did not nick or degrade phiX174 DNA under these conditions. In the SCG assay in human lymphocytes, methylated trivalent arsenicals were much more potent than any other arsenicals that were tested. On the basis of the slopes of the concentration-response curve for the tail moment in the SCG assay, MAs(III) and DMAs(III) were 77 and 386 times more potent than iAs(III), respectively. Because methylated trivalent arsenicals were the only arsenic compounds that were observed to damage naked DNA and required no exogenously added enzymatic or chemical activation systems, they are considered here to be direct-acting forms of arsenic that are genotoxic, though they are not, necessarily, the only genotoxic species of arsenic that could exist. JF - Chemical research in toxicology AU - Mass, M J AU - Tennant, A AU - Roop, B C AU - Cullen, W R AU - Styblo, M AU - Thomas, D J AU - Kligerman, A D AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division (MD-68), National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory/Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. mass.marc@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - April 2001 SP - 355 EP - 361 VL - 14 IS - 4 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - DNA, Viral KW - 0 KW - Arsenic KW - N712M78A8G KW - Index Medicus KW - DNA Methylation KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Lymphocytes -- metabolism KW - Bacteriophage phi X 174 -- genetics KW - Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - Arsenic -- toxicity KW - DNA, Viral -- drug effects KW - DNA, Viral -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77054656?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=Methylated+trivalent+arsenic+species+are+genotoxic.&rft.au=Mass%2C+M+J%3BTennant%2C+A%3BRoop%2C+B+C%3BCullen%2C+W+R%3BStyblo%2C+M%3BThomas%2C+D+J%3BKligerman%2C+A+D&rft.aulast=Mass&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=355&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-06-28 N1 - Date created - 2001-04-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fluid dynamics in airway bifurcations: I. Primary flows. AN - 77040706; 11295861 AB - The subject of fluid dynamics within human airways is of great importance for the risk assessment of air pollutants (inhalation toxicology) and the targeted delivery of inhaled pharmacologic drugs (aerosol therapy). As cited herein, experimental investigations of flow patterns have been performed on airway models and casts by a number of investigators. We have simulated flow patterns in human lung bifurcations and compared the results with the experimental data of Schreck (1972). The theoretical analyses were performed using a third-party software package, FIDAP, on the Cray T90 supercomputer. This effort is part of a systematic investigation where the effects of inlet conditions, Reynolds numbers, and dimensions and orientations of airways were addressed. This article focuses on primary flows using convective motion and isovelocity contour formats to describe fluid dynamics; subsequent articles in this issue consider secondary currents (Part II) and localized conditions (Part III). The agreement between calculated and measured results, for laminar flows with either parabolic or blunt inlet conditions to the bifurcations, was very good. To our knowledge, this work is the first to present such detailed comparisons of theoretical and experimental flow patterns in airway bifurcations. The agreement suggests that the methodologies can be employed to study factors affecting airflow patterns and particle behavior in human lungs. JF - Inhalation toxicology AU - Martonen, T B AU - Guan, X AU - Schreck, R M AD - Mail Drop 74, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. martonen.ted@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - April 2001 SP - 261 EP - 279 VL - 13 IS - 4 SN - 0895-8378, 0895-8378 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Pulmonary Ventilation KW - Bronchi -- physiology KW - Trachea -- physiology KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Models, Anatomic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77040706?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Inhalation+toxicology&rft.atitle=Fluid+dynamics+in+airway+bifurcations%3A+I.+Primary+flows.&rft.au=Martonen%2C+T+B%3BGuan%2C+X%3BSchreck%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Martonen&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Inhalation+toxicology&rft.issn=08958378&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-06-28 N1 - Date created - 2001-04-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A nonhuman primate aerosol deposition model for toxicological and pharmaceutical studies. AN - 77040524; 11295864 AB - Nonhuman primates may be used as human surrogates in inhalation exposure studies to assess either the (1) adverse health effects of airborne particulate matter or (2) therapeutic effects of aerosolized drugs and proteins. Mathematical models describing the behavior and fate of inhaled aerosols may be used to complement such laboratory investigations. For example, the optimal conditions, in terms of ventilatory parameters (e.g., breathing frequency and tidal volume) and aerosol characteristics (e.g., geometric size and density), necessary to target drug delivery to specific sites within the respiratory tract may be estimated a priori with models. In this work a mathematical description of the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) lung is presented for use with an aerosol deposition model. Deposition patterns of 0.01- to 5-microm-diameter monodisperse aerosols within lungs were calculated for 3 monkey lung models (using different descriptions of alveolated regions) and compared to human lung results obtained using a previously validated mathematical model of deposition physics. Our findings suggest that there are significant differences between deposition patterns in monkeys and humans. The nonhuman primates had greater exposures to inhaled substances, particularly on the basis of deposition per unit airway surface area. However, the different alveolar volumes in the rhesus monkey models had only minor effects on aerosol dosimetry within those lungs. By being aware of such quantitative differences, investigators can employ the respective primate models (human and nonhuman) to more effectively design and interpret the results of future inhalation exposure experiments. JF - Inhalation toxicology AU - Martonen, T B AU - Katz, I M AU - Musante, C J AD - Mail Drop 74, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. martonen.ted@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - April 2001 SP - 307 EP - 324 VL - 13 IS - 4 SN - 0895-8378, 0895-8378 KW - Aerosols KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Pharmacology KW - Humans KW - Macaca mulatta KW - Toxicology KW - Models, Animal KW - Aerosols -- pharmacokinetics KW - Lung -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77040524?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Inhalation+toxicology&rft.atitle=A+nonhuman+primate+aerosol+deposition+model+for+toxicological+and+pharmaceutical+studies.&rft.au=Martonen%2C+T+B%3BKatz%2C+I+M%3BMusante%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Martonen&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=307&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Inhalation+toxicology&rft.issn=08958378&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-06-28 N1 - Date created - 2001-04-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The influence of level and chlorine source on the formation of mono- to octa-chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls during combustion of an artificial municipal waste. AN - 77038817; 11297402 AB - The formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and the three coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (pPCBs) was studied during labscale fludized bed combustion of eight artificial municipal solid waste (MSW) fuel mixtures. The level of chlorine as well as the chlorine source varies within the different fuel mixtures. Four different chlorine sources were studied, viz, an inorgnaic (NaCl) and three organic sources, pure PVC plastic and two products (floor and cable) and the total chlorine level varies between 0.28% and 1.1%. The experiments were performed in a 5 kW laboratory scale fluidized bed reactor. A correlation between the total chlorine in the fuel and the formation of the hepta- and octa-chlorinated PCDD/F homologues was found. However, the most important variable for changes in the PCDDs/Fs and pPCBs formation was disturbance in the combustion condition and not the variation in chlorine content of the fuel. Furthermore, no differences in formation between the chlorine sources could be seen. JF - Chemosphere AU - Wikström, E AU - Marklund, S AD - Department of Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry Umeå University, Sweden. wikstrom.evalena@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - April 2001 SP - 227 EP - 234 VL - 43 IS - 2 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Benzofurans KW - Chlorine Compounds KW - Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Sodium Chloride KW - 451W47IQ8X KW - Polyvinyl Chloride KW - 9002-86-2 KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - Chlorine Compounds -- pharmacology KW - Refuse Disposal -- methods KW - Polyvinyl Chloride -- pharmacology KW - Incineration -- instrumentation KW - Incineration -- methods KW - Sodium Chloride -- pharmacology KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analogs & derivatives KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analysis KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- chemistry KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- chemistry KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Benzofurans -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- chemistry KW - Benzofurans -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77038817?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=The+influence+of+level+and+chlorine+source+on+the+formation+of+mono-+to+octa-chlorinated+dibenzo-p-dioxins%2C+dibenzofurans+and+coplanar+polychlorinated+biphenyls+during+combustion+of+an+artificial+municipal+waste.&rft.au=Wikstr%C3%B6m%2C+E%3BMarklund%2C+S&rft.aulast=Wikstr%C3%B6m&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=227&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-08-09 N1 - Date created - 2001-04-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Qualitative and quantitative estimates of apoptosis from birth to senescence in the rat brain. AN - 71162648; 11550086 AB - Apoptosis is crucial for proper development of the CNS, wherein a significant percentage of all central neurons produced during early ontogeny die by apoptosis. To characterize the pattern of developmental programmed cell death, we assayed rat brainstem, neocortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum from birth through senescence. Quantitatively, using an ELISA for oligonucleosomal DNA fragments, we demonstrated that PND1 brainstem, neocortex, and hippocampus have the highest levels of fragmented DNA compared to older ages. Cerebellum displayed a large peak at PND10 and a smaller peak at PND21. Low levels were observed throughout adulthood and into senescence, which was corroborated qualitatively by agarose gel and TUNEL data. These data provide a temporal and regional baseline for further studies of the effects of perturbations of cell death during neural development. Quantitative and qualitative changes in these regional profiles of apoptosis due to environmental insults during early ontogeny may alter neuron number and function later in life. JF - Cell death and differentiation AU - White, L D AU - Barone, S AD - Neurotoxicology Division, Cellular and Molecular Toxicology Branch, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - April 2001 SP - 345 EP - 356 VL - 8 IS - 4 SN - 1350-9047, 1350-9047 KW - Index Medicus KW - Neocortex -- cytology KW - Animals KW - Rats, Long-Evans KW - Cell Nucleus -- ultrastructure KW - Neocortex -- ultrastructure KW - Cerebellum -- ultrastructure KW - Rats KW - In Situ Nick-End Labeling KW - Animals, Newborn KW - Neocortex -- growth & development KW - Brain Stem -- ultrastructure KW - Cerebellum -- cytology KW - Brain Stem -- growth & development KW - Cerebellum -- growth & development KW - Hippocampus -- ultrastructure KW - Hippocampus -- growth & development KW - Hippocampus -- cytology KW - Brain Stem -- cytology KW - DNA Fragmentation KW - Immunoenzyme Techniques KW - Apoptosis KW - Brain -- cytology KW - Aging KW - Brain -- ultrastructure KW - Brain -- growth & development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71162648?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cell+death+and+differentiation&rft.atitle=Qualitative+and+quantitative+estimates+of+apoptosis+from+birth+to+senescence+in+the+rat+brain.&rft.au=White%2C+L+D%3BBarone%2C+S&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=345&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cell+death+and+differentiation&rft.issn=13509047&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-04 N1 - Date created - 2001-09-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Arsenate and arsenite removal by zerovalent iron: kinetics, redox transformation, and implications for in situ groundwater remediation. AN - 70835661; 11348091 AB - Batch tests were performed utilizing four zerovalent iron (Fe0) filings (Fisher, Peerless, Master Builders, and Aldrich) to remove As(V) and As(III) from water. One gram of metal was reacted headspace-free at 23 degrees C for up to 5 days in the dark with 41.5 mL of 2 mg L(-1) As(V), or As(III) or As(V) + As(III) (1:1) in 0.01 M NaCl. Arsenic removal on a mass basis followed the order: Fisher > Peerless Master Builders > Aldrich; whereas, on a surface area basis the order became: Fisher > Aldrich > Peerless Master Builders. Arsenic concentration decreased exponentially with time, and was below 0.01 mg L(-1) in 4 days with the exception of Aldrich Fe0. More As(III) was sorbed than As(V) by Peerless Fe0 in the initial As concentration range between 2 and 100 mg L(-1). No As(III) was detected by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) on Peerless Fe0 at 5 days when As(V) was the initial arsenic species in the solution. As(III) was detected by XPS at 30 and 60 days present on Peerless Fe0, when As(V) was the initial arsenic species in the solution. Likewise, As(V) was found on Peerless Fe0 when As(II) was added to the solution. A steady distribution of As(V) (73-76%) and As(III) (22-25%) was achieved at 30 and 60 days on the Peerless Fe0 when either As(V) or As(III) was the initial added species. The presence of both reducing species (Fe0 and Fe2+) and an oxidizing species (MnO2) in Peerless Fe0 is probably responsible for the coexistence of both As(V) and As(III) on Fe0 surfaces. The desorption of As(V) and As(III) by phosphate extraction decreased as the residence time of interaction between the sorbents and arsenic increased from 1 to 60 days. The results suggest that both As(V) and As(III) formed stronger surface complexes or migrated further inside the interior of the sorbent with increasing time. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Su, C AU - Puls, R W AD - ManTech Environmental Research Services Corporation, Ada, Oklahoma 74821-1198, USA. su.chunming@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/04/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Apr 01 SP - 1487 EP - 1492 VL - 35 IS - 7 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Arsenates KW - 0 KW - Arsenites KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Teratogens KW - Iron KW - E1UOL152H7 KW - arsenite KW - N5509X556J KW - arsenic acid KW - N7CIZ75ZPN KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Kinetics KW - Adsorption KW - Arsenates -- chemistry KW - Iron -- chemistry KW - Water Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Teratogens -- chemistry KW - Arsenites -- chemistry KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70835661?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Arsenate+and+arsenite+removal+by+zerovalent+iron%3A+kinetics%2C+redox+transformation%2C+and+implications+for+in+situ+groundwater+remediation.&rft.au=Su%2C+C%3BPuls%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Su&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1487&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-08-02 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dissociation of sulfur hexafluoride tracer gas in the presence of an indoor combustion source. AN - 70822530; 11321918 AB - As an odorless, nontoxic, and inert compound, sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) is one of the most widely used tracer gases in indoor air quality studies in both controlled and uncontrolled environments. This compound may be subject to reactions with water vapor under elevated temperature to form acidic inorganic compounds such as HF and H2SO4. Thus, in the presence of unvented combustion sources such as kerosene heaters, natural gas heaters, gas log fireplaces, candles, and lamps, the SF6 dissociation may interfere with measurements of the emissions from these sources. Tests were conducted in a research house with a vent-free natural gas heater to investigate these potential interferences. It was observed that the heater operation caused about a 5% reduction of SF6 concentration, which can be an error source for the ventilation rate measurement and consequently the estimated pollutant emission rates. Further analysis indicates that this error can be much greater than the observed 5% under certain test conditions because it is a function of the ventilation flow rate. Reducing the tracer gas concentration has no effect on this error. A simple theoretical model is proposed to estimate the magnitude of this error. The second type of interference comes from the primary and secondary products of the SF6 dissociation, mainly H2SO4, SO2, HF, and fine particulate matter (PM). In the presence of approximately 5 ppm SF6, the total airborne concentrations of these species increased by a factor of 4-10. The tests were performed at relatively high SF6 concentrations, which is necessary to determine the interferences quantitatively. The second type of interference can be significantly reduced if the SF6 concentration is kept at a low ppb level. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995) AU - Guo, Z AU - Mosley, R B AU - Wasson, S J AU - Fortmann, R C AU - McBrian, J A AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. guo.zhishi@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - April 2001 SP - 616 EP - 622 VL - 51 IS - 4 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Sulfur Hexafluoride KW - WS7LR3I1D6 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Temperature KW - Volatilization KW - Air Movements KW - Industry KW - Sulfur Hexafluoride -- analysis KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Ventilation KW - Sulfur Hexafluoride -- chemistry KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70822530?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.atitle=Dissociation+of+sulfur+hexafluoride+tracer+gas+in+the+presence+of+an+indoor+combustion+source.&rft.au=Guo%2C+Z%3BMosley%2C+R+B%3BWasson%2C+S+J%3BFortmann%2C+R+C%3BMcBrian%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Guo&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=616&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-05-10 N1 - Date created - 2001-04-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors affecting the performance of stormwater treatment wetlands. AN - 70784918; 11317903 AB - Data from 35 studies on 49 wetland systems used to treat stormwater runoff or runoff-impacted surface waters were examined and compared in order to identify any obvious trends that may aid future stormwater treatment wetland design efforts. Despite the intermittent nature of hydrologic and pollutant inputs from stormwater runoff, our analysis demonstrates that steady-state first-order plug-flow models commonly used to analyze wastewater treatment wetlands can be adapted for use with stormwater wetlands. Long-term pollutant removals are analyzed as functions of long-term mean hydraulic loading rate and nominal detention time. First-order removal rate constants for total phosphorus, ammonia, and nitrate generated in this fashion are demonstrated to be similar to values reported in the literature for wastewater treatment wetlands. Constituent removals are also demonstrated via regression analyses to be functions of the ratio of wetland area to watershed area. Resulting equations between these variables can be used as preliminary design tools in the absence of more site-specific details, with the understanding that they should be employed cautiously. JF - Water research AU - Carleton, J N AU - Grizzard, T J AU - Godrej, A N AU - Post, H E AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Mail code 7507C, 401 M St. SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA. carleton.jim@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - April 2001 SP - 1552 EP - 1562 VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Water Purification -- methods KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70784918?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+research&rft.atitle=Factors+affecting+the+performance+of+stormwater+treatment+wetlands.&rft.au=Carleton%2C+J+N%3BGrizzard%2C+T+J%3BGodrej%2C+A+N%3BPost%2C+H+E&rft.aulast=Carleton&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1552&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-08-23 N1 - Date created - 2001-04-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of estrogenic (o,p'-DDT; octylphenol) and anti-androgenic (p,p'-DDE) chemicals on indicators of endocrine status in juvenile male summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus). AN - 70647693; 11164537 AB - Laboratory experiments were conducted with male summer flounder to assess the value of selected measures of endocrine status in fish as indicators of exposure to endocrine-disrupting contaminants. Effects of 1,1,1-trichloro-2-(p-chlorophenyl)-2-(o-chlorophenyl) ethane (o,p'-DDT), octylphenol and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethylene (p,p'-DDE) on hepatosomatic and gonadosomatic indices, plasma steroid hormone levels, vitellogenin production, and gonadal development were evaluated in laboratory-raised, juvenile male summer flounder. Flounder were injected twice with test chemical in a coconut oil carrier. Each chemical was tested at three different concentrations. Estrogenic (o,p'-DDT; octylphenol) and anti-androgenic (p,p'-DDE) chemicals were evaluated alone and in combination (octylphenol plus o,p'-DDT or p,p'-DDE). Additionally, some fish were treated with the natural ligand for the estrogen receptor, 17beta-estradiol. Blood and tissues from different fish in each treatment were sampled 4, 6 and 8 weeks after the first injection. Fish exposed to a combination of o,p'-DDT plus octylphenol were also sampled after 15 weeks. In all cases, responses of fish exposed to a test chemical were compared to control fish sampled at the same time. The following significant differences, relative to controls, were observed in at least one sampling time or at least one concentration of chemical. 17beta-Estradiol-treated flounder exhibited decreased gonadosomatic index (GSI), altered hepatosomatic index (HSI), elevated plasma estradiol, reduced plasma testosterone, and high levels of plasma vitellogenin. Fish treated with o,p'-DDT showed lower GSI, no change in HSI or plasma estradiol, depression of plasma testosterone, and induction of vitellogenesis. Octylphenol treatment resulted in lower GSI, no change in HSI, initially increased plasma estradiol and decreased testosterone, and no vitellogenin production. p,p'-DDE treatment did not significantly alter any indicator relative to controls. In experiments using combinations of chemicals, flounder receiving o,p'-DDT plus octylphenol had lower GSI after 8 weeks and elevated plasma estradiol after 15 weeks exposure. Fish treated with p,p'-DDE plus octylphenol for 8 weeks exhibited a significantly lower GSI. Overall, lower GSI and plasma testosterone levels, relative to controls, were consistent indicators of exposure to estrogenic chemicals in juvenile male flounder. No indicators were found that would identify exposure to the mammalian anti-androgen p,p'-DDE. JF - Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) AU - Mills, L J AU - Gutjahr-Gobell, R E AU - Haebler, R A AU - Horowitz, D J AU - Jayaraman, S AU - Pruell, R J AU - McKinney, R A AU - Gardner, G R AU - Zaroogian, G E AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA. mills.lesley@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - April 2001 SP - 157 EP - 176 VL - 52 IS - 2 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - Estrogens, Non-Steroidal KW - 0 KW - Indicators and Reagents KW - Insecticides KW - Vitellogenins KW - Testosterone KW - 3XMK78S47O KW - Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene KW - 4M7FS82U08 KW - Estradiol KW - 4TI98Z838E KW - o,p'-DDT KW - 789-02-6 KW - DDT KW - CIW5S16655 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Vitellogenins -- blood KW - Estradiol -- blood KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Testosterone -- blood KW - Sex Ratio KW - Liver -- chemistry KW - Male KW - DDT -- pharmacology KW - Flounder -- physiology KW - Estrogens, Non-Steroidal -- pharmacology KW - Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene -- pharmacology KW - Insecticides -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70647693?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+toxicology+%28Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands%29&rft.atitle=Effects+of+estrogenic+%28o%2Cp%27-DDT%3B+octylphenol%29+and+anti-androgenic+%28p%2Cp%27-DDE%29+chemicals+on+indicators+of+endocrine+status+in+juvenile+male+summer+flounder+%28Paralichthys+dentatus%29.&rft.au=Mills%2C+L+J%3BGutjahr-Gobell%2C+R+E%3BHaebler%2C+R+A%3BHorowitz%2C+D+J%3BJayaraman%2C+S%3BPruell%2C+R+J%3BMcKinney%2C+R+A%3BGardner%2C+G+R%3BZaroogian%2C+G+E&rft.aulast=Mills&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+toxicology+%28Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands%29&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-07-05 N1 - Date created - 2001-02-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mitigating environmental discharges of petroleum crude oil in western Kentucky AN - 52229929; 2001-042831 JF - The Professional Geologist AU - Bussey, Donald T AU - Powell, Greg AU - Stilman, Terry A AU - Welsh, P Greg Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - April 2001 SP - 4 EP - 6 PB - American Institute of Professional Geologists, Arvada, CO VL - 38 IS - 4 SN - 0279-0521, 0279-0521 KW - United States KW - terrestrial environment KW - western Kentucky KW - pollutants KW - Ohio County Kentucky KW - pollution KW - environmental analysis KW - oil and gas fields KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - oil wells KW - organic compounds KW - mitigation KW - Taffy Field KW - hydrocarbons KW - Kentucky KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52229929?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Professional+Geologist&rft.atitle=Mitigating+environmental+discharges+of+petroleum+crude+oil+in+western+Kentucky&rft.au=Bussey%2C+Donald+T%3BPowell%2C+Greg%3BStilman%2C+Terry+A%3BWelsh%2C+P+Greg&rft.aulast=Bussey&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=4&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Professional+Geologist&rft.issn=02790521&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-16 N1 - CODEN - PFGLBS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; environmental analysis; ground water; hydrocarbons; Kentucky; mitigation; Ohio County Kentucky; oil and gas fields; oil wells; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; Taffy Field; terrestrial environment; United States; western Kentucky ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Variability in the distribution of lipid biomarkers and their molecular isotopic composition in Altamaha estuarine sediments; implications for the relative contribution of organic matter from various sources AN - 52227603; 2001-040557 AB - The estuarine mixing zone is an effective trap for particulate and dissolved organic matter from many sources, and thus greatly affects transport and deposition of organic matter between the land and ocean. This study examined sedimentary distributions of various fatty acids and their stable isotope compositions at three sites which represent different levels of mixing in the Altamaha River estuary, Georgia, USA. Distributions of other neutral lipids (phytol, C (sub 14) -C (sub 32) fatty alcohols, and two sterols) were also determined as supplementary biomarkers from various sources. Results suggest that POM from terrestrial plant material was dominant at an initial, upper estuary mixing zone (salinity in the water column is near zero but porewater in the sediment is saline) while POM from marine sources was mainly deposited at a more intensive mixing zone (wherein salinity in surface and bottom waters was identical) in the Altamaha. Much less particulate lipid was deposited in Altamaha River mouth sediments even during the high discharge season, suggesting that terrestrial plant-derived POM may not be significantly transported across the mixing zone. Analyses of fatty acid isotopic composition further verify the differential deposition pattern of POM from different sources. Abstract Copyright (2001) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Organic Geochemistry AU - Shi, Wei AU - Sun, Ming-Yi AU - Molina, Marirosa AU - Hodson, Robert E Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - April 2001 SP - 453 EP - 467 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York VL - 32 IS - 4 SN - 0146-6380, 0146-6380 KW - United States KW - fatty acids KW - lipids KW - isotopes KW - steroids KW - salinity KW - stable isotopes KW - variations KW - nitrogen KW - spatial distribution KW - sampling KW - isoprenoids KW - mixing KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - alcohols KW - particulate materials KW - organic carbon KW - estuarine environment KW - geochemistry KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - sterols KW - solutes KW - biomarkers KW - porosity KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - Altamaha River KW - phytol KW - deposition KW - Georgia KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52227603?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Organic+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Variability+in+the+distribution+of+lipid+biomarkers+and+their+molecular+isotopic+composition+in+Altamaha+estuarine+sediments%3B+implications+for+the+relative+contribution+of+organic+matter+from+various+sources&rft.au=Shi%2C+Wei%3BSun%2C+Ming-Yi%3BMolina%2C+Marirosa%3BHodson%2C+Robert+E&rft.aulast=Shi&rft.aufirst=Wei&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=453&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Organic+Geochemistry&rft.issn=01466380&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01466380 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - The application of chemical biomarkers in estuaries N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alcohols; Altamaha River; Atlantic Coastal Plain; biomarkers; C-13/C-12; carbon; deposition; estuarine environment; fatty acids; geochemistry; Georgia; isoprenoids; isotope ratios; isotopes; lipids; mixing; nitrogen; organic acids; organic carbon; organic compounds; particulate materials; phytol; porosity; salinity; sampling; sediments; solutes; spatial distribution; stable isotopes; steroids; sterols; United States; variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermodynamics of ion-exchanged and natural clinoptilolite AN - 52219819; 2001-049386 AB - Natural clinoptilolite (Cpt: Na (sub 0.085) K (sub 0.037) Ca (sub 0.010) Mg (sub 0.020) Al (sub 0.182) Si (sub 0.818) O (sub 2) . 0.528H (sub 2) O) from Castle Creek, Idaho, and its cation-exchanged variants (Na-Cpt, NaK-Cpt, K-Cpt, and Ca-Cpt) were studied by high-temperature calorimetry. The hydration enthalpy for all the clinoptilolites is about -30 kJ/mol H (sub 2) O (liquid water reference state) at 25 degrees C. The energetic stabilization effect of hydration on each clinoptilolite can be largely correlated to its hydration capacity. The higher the average ionic potential of the extra-framework cations, the larger the hydration capacity of the clinoptilolite. This trend may be attributed to the small size as well as the efficient water-cation packing of high field strength cations in the zeolite structure. The hydration properties of these clinoptilolites are compared with those previously reported in the literature. The dehydration conditions as well as the measurement direction (dehydration of the initially hydrated sample or rehydration of the dehydrated zeolites) are important factors to control to obtain consistent thermodynamic properties for hydration. The standard enthalpy for formation of the clinoptilolites from the constituent elements at 25 degrees C based on two framework O atoms was obtained from the calorimetric data: -1117.57+ or -0.95 kJ/mol Cpt, -1130.05+ or -1.00 kJ/mol Na-Cpt, -1109.49+ or -1.04 kJ/mol NaK-Cpt, -1094.21+ or -1.12 kJ/mol K-Cpt, and -1153.78+ or -1.07 kJ/mol Ca-Cpt. Their molar entropy was determined by a summation method based on the thermodynamic properties of the component oxides. Thus the standard free energy based on two framework O atoms was derived: -1034.01+ or -1.05 kJ/mol Cpt, -1044.19+ or -1.10 kJ/mol Na-Cpt, -1027.26+ or -1.13 kJ/mol NaK-Cpt, -1014.89+ or -1.21 kJ/mol K-Cpt, and -1064.95+ or -1.16 kJ/mol Ca-Cpt. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Yang, Sanyuan AU - Navrotsky, Alexandra AU - Wilkin, Rick Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - April 2001 SP - 438 EP - 447 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 86 IS - 4 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - United States KW - silicates KW - Idaho KW - enthalpy KW - Castle Creek KW - clinoptilolite KW - zeolite group KW - framework silicates KW - ion exchange KW - thermodynamic properties KW - crystal chemistry KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52219819?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Thermodynamics+of+ion-exchanged+and+natural+clinoptilolite&rft.au=Yang%2C+Sanyuan%3BNavrotsky%2C+Alexandra%3BWilkin%2C+Rick&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Sanyuan&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=438&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Castle Creek; clinoptilolite; crystal chemistry; enthalpy; framework silicates; Idaho; ion exchange; silicates; thermodynamic properties; United States; zeolite group ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Particle-size distributions; comparing texture systems, adding rock, and predicting soil properties AN - 52209191; 2001-055084 JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Shirazi, Mostafa A AU - Boersma, Larry AU - Johnson, Colleen Burch Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - April 2001 SP - 300 EP - 310 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 65 IS - 2 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - clay KW - government agencies KW - data processing KW - U. S. Department of Agriculture KW - STATSGO KW - International Soil Science Society KW - size distribution KW - sediments KW - rocks KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - sand KW - cation exchange capacity KW - clastic sediments KW - grain size KW - statistical analysis KW - graphic display KW - standardization KW - silt KW - mathematical models KW - properties KW - standards comparison KW - fragments KW - nomograms KW - classification KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52209191?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Particle-size+distributions%3B+comparing+texture+systems%2C+adding+rock%2C+and+predicting+soil+properties&rft.au=Shirazi%2C+Mostafa+A%3BBoersma%2C+Larry%3BJohnson%2C+Colleen+Burch&rft.aulast=Shirazi&rft.aufirst=Mostafa&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=300&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SSSJD4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cation exchange capacity; classification; clastic sediments; clay; data processing; fragments; geochemistry; government agencies; grain size; graphic display; International Soil Science Society; mathematical models; nomograms; properties; rocks; sand; sediments; silt; size distribution; soils; standardization; standards comparison; statistical analysis; STATSGO; U. S. Department of Agriculture ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nutrient dynamics in relation to geomorphology of riverine wetlands AN - 52207223; 2001-055106 JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Johnston, Carol A AU - Bridgham, Scott D AU - Schubauer-Berigan, Joseph P Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - April 2001 SP - 557 EP - 577 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 65 IS - 2 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - United States KW - Great Lakes region KW - ammonium ion KW - Saint Louis River watershed KW - vegetation KW - Holocene KW - Saint Louis County Minnesota KW - modern KW - Cenozoic KW - controls KW - backwater KW - spatial variations KW - size distribution KW - sedimentation rates KW - denitrification KW - drainage basins KW - Wisconsin KW - nitrate ion KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - water KW - soils KW - Douglas County Wisconsin KW - North America KW - Minnesota KW - Quaternary KW - Fond du Lac Minnesota KW - biochemistry KW - Pokegama River KW - grain size KW - sedimentation KW - phosphorus KW - rivers KW - fluvial sedimentation KW - nutrients KW - levees KW - provenance KW - organic compounds KW - wetlands KW - soil surveys KW - parent materials KW - fluvial features KW - surveys KW - geomorphology KW - upper Holocene KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52207223?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Nutrient+dynamics+in+relation+to+geomorphology+of+riverine+wetlands&rft.au=Johnston%2C+Carol+A%3BBridgham%2C+Scott+D%3BSchubauer-Berigan%2C+Joseph+P&rft.aulast=Johnston&rft.aufirst=Carol&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=557&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 65 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SSSJD4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ammonium ion; backwater; biochemistry; Cenozoic; controls; denitrification; Douglas County Wisconsin; drainage basins; fluvial features; fluvial sedimentation; Fond du Lac Minnesota; geochemistry; geomorphology; grain size; Great Lakes region; Holocene; levees; Minnesota; modern; nitrate ion; North America; nutrients; organic compounds; parent materials; pH; phosphorus; Pokegama River; provenance; Quaternary; rivers; Saint Louis County Minnesota; Saint Louis River watershed; sedimentation; sedimentation rates; size distribution; soil surveys; soils; spatial variations; surveys; United States; upper Holocene; vegetation; water; wetlands; Wisconsin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phosphorus sorption dynamics in soils and coupling with surface and pore water in riverine wetlands AN - 52205756; 2001-055107 JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Bridgham, Scott D AU - Johnston, Carol A AU - Schubauer-Berigan, Joseph P AU - Weishampel, Peter Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - April 2001 SP - 577 EP - 588 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 65 IS - 2 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - United States KW - sorption KW - Great Lakes region KW - buffers KW - coupling KW - Saint Louis County Minnesota KW - riverine wetlands KW - quantitative analysis KW - Wisconsin KW - Superior Wisconsin KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - Douglas County Wisconsin KW - North America KW - Minnesota KW - concentration KW - Fond du Lac Minnesota KW - Pokegama River KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - phosphorus KW - northern Wisconsin KW - Saint Louis River KW - wetlands KW - northern Minnesota KW - geomorphology KW - regression analysis KW - pore water KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52205756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Phosphorus+sorption+dynamics+in+soils+and+coupling+with+surface+and+pore+water+in+riverine+wetlands&rft.au=Bridgham%2C+Scott+D%3BJohnston%2C+Carol+A%3BSchubauer-Berigan%2C+Joseph+P%3BWeishampel%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Bridgham&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=577&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SSSJD4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - buffers; concentration; coupling; Douglas County Wisconsin; Fond du Lac Minnesota; geochemistry; geomorphology; Great Lakes region; Minnesota; North America; northern Minnesota; northern Wisconsin; phosphorus; Pokegama River; pore water; quantitative analysis; regression analysis; riverine wetlands; Saint Louis County Minnesota; Saint Louis River; soils; sorption; statistical analysis; Superior Wisconsin; surface water; United States; wetlands; Wisconsin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Post-Miocene structural and tectonic evolution of the Crescent City Headlands, Northern California AN - 52163965; 2002-003269 AB - The late Miocene St. George Fm [units 1-3] dips easterly along Pebble Beach and is preserved in an open, NW-trending syncline north of Point St. George (PSG). The newly-described 'Pebble Beach thrust fault' (PBF) has an NNW strike and WSW vergence and runs onshore from mid-Pebble Beach to north of PSG, cross-cutting Pleistocene marine terraces and displacing a Holocene peat [radiocarbon date of 3000 + or - 60 BP]. St. George rocks are folded into an anticline-syncline pair disrupted by a smaller reverse fault. The folds are U-shaped, symmetrical, have widths of about 8 m and plunge NNW at about 10 degrees . They do not appear on the north side of PSG. The reverse fault extends to the north side, for in its line of projection are two reverse faults drop Pleistocene terrace deposits south side down against basal St. George Fm in a step-like manner. North of PSG, dip reversal across the lower plate (re. PBF) syncline exposes a Franciscan [KJf] paleosol-basal St. George conglomerate contact to the south, and paleosol with rooted stumps overlain by swash-cross-stratified sands to the north. Dips across this fold do not exceed 20 degrees and flexural slip formed bedding-parallel mudstone breccias. Fold and clustered fracture data record ENE-WSW crustal shortening in the lower, and NNW-SSE extension in the upper plates. Offshore structures trend north-south and record east-west shortening. Contrasting orientations of structures along the PBF reflect movement over an oblique thrust ramp and local thrust sheet rotation. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Aalto, K R AU - Robinson, D T AU - Weigand, Peter W AU - Shellebarger, Jeff Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - April 2001 SP - 37 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 33 IS - 3 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Point Saint George KW - Saint George Formation KW - Crescent City California KW - Miocene KW - conglomerate KW - Cenozoic KW - California KW - Del Norte County California KW - Tertiary KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Neogene KW - folds KW - upper Miocene KW - tectonics KW - Northern California KW - clastic rocks KW - faults KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52163965?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Post-Miocene+structural+and+tectonic+evolution+of+the+Crescent+City+Headlands%2C+Northern+California&rft.au=Aalto%2C+K+R%3BRobinson%2C+D+T%3BWeigand%2C+Peter+W%3BShellebarger%2C+Jeff&rft.aulast=Aalto&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Cordilleran Section, 97th annual meeting; AAPG Pacific section, annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; Cenozoic; clastic rocks; conglomerate; Crescent City California; Del Norte County California; faults; folds; Miocene; Neogene; Northern California; Point Saint George; Saint George Formation; sedimentary rocks; tectonics; Tertiary; United States; upper Miocene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of urbanization on the chemical quality of three tidal bayous in the Gulf of Mexico AN - 52105512; 2002-039822 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Lewis, Michael A AU - Moore, James C AU - Goodman, Larry R AU - Patrick, James M AU - Stanley, Roman S AU - Roush, Thomas H AU - Quarles, Robert L Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - April 2001 SP - 65 EP - 91 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 127 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - water quality KW - Bayou Chico KW - degradation KW - Bayou Grande KW - detection limit KW - PCBs KW - Pensacola Florida KW - Pensacola Bay KW - urbanization KW - Florida KW - environmental analysis KW - intertidal environment KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - estuarine environment KW - sediment quality KW - heavy metals KW - chromium KW - toxic materials KW - pollutants KW - physicochemical properties KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - Escambia County Florida KW - nearshore environment KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - biota KW - nutrients KW - habitat KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - nickel KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - coastal environment KW - Bayou Texar KW - pesticides KW - land use KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52105512?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+urbanization+on+the+chemical+quality+of+three+tidal+bayous+in+the+Gulf+of+Mexico&rft.au=Lewis%2C+Michael+A%3BMoore%2C+James+C%3BGoodman%2C+Larry+R%3BPatrick%2C+James+M%3BStanley%2C+Roman+S%3BRoush%2C+Thomas+H%3BQuarles%2C+Robert+L&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=127&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 10 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; Bayou Chico; Bayou Grande; Bayou Texar; biota; chlorinated hydrocarbons; chromium; coastal environment; degradation; detection limit; environmental analysis; Escambia County Florida; estuarine environment; Florida; Gulf Coastal Plain; habitat; halogenated hydrocarbons; heavy metals; hydrocarbons; intertidal environment; land use; metals; nearshore environment; nickel; nutrients; organic compounds; PCBs; Pensacola Bay; Pensacola Florida; pesticides; physicochemical properties; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; sediment quality; sediments; surface water; toxic materials; United States; urbanization; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Exercise Conditioning on Thermoregulatory Response to Anticholinesterase Insecticide Toxicity AN - 20081006; 10210993 AB - Chronic exercise conditioning has been shown to alter basal thermoregulatory processes (change in thermoregulatory set point) as well as the response to infectious fever. Chlorpyrifos (CHP), an organophosphate insecticide, also affects thermoregulation, causing an acute period of hypothermia followed by a delayed fever. This study examined whether chronic exercise training in the rat alters the thermoregulatory response to CHP. Core temperature and motor activity were monitored by radiotelemetry in female Sprague-Dawley rats housed individually at an ambient temperature of 22 degree C. The rats were either given continuous access to running wheels or housed in standard cages without wheels. The exercise group ran predominately at night. After 8 weeks, the rats were gavaged with corn oil or 15 mg/kg CHP. CHP induced a transient hypothermic response followed by a delayed fever, beginning 1 day after exposure. Relative to controls, Tc decreases were not significantly different between the exercise (1.6 degree C) group and the sedentary (0.5 degree C) group given CHP. The sedentary and exercise group administered CHP developed a fever the day after CHP treatment. The fever response was greater in the sedentary group and persisted for approximately 3 days postinjection. Fever of the exercise group persisted for just one-half of 1 day after CHP. It is well known that chronic exercise training improves aerobic capacity; however, trained rats were not protected from the hypothermic effects of CHP. Training did ameliorate the febrile effects of CHP. Thus, exercise training may afford protection to the toxic effects of organophosphate insecticides. JF - Biological Research for Nursing AU - Rowsey, Pamela J AU - Metzger, Bonnie L AU - Gordon, Christopher J AD - University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Nursing. MD-74B, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711; phone: (919) 541-0417; fax: (919) 541-4849, rowsey.pamela@epa.gov. Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - Apr 2001 SP - 267 EP - 276 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 2 IS - 4 SN - 1099-8004, 1099-8004 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Physical Education Index KW - body temperature KW - chlorpyrifos KW - fever KW - insecticide KW - organophosphate KW - Temperature effects KW - Hypothermia KW - Hyperthermia KW - Thermoregulation KW - Animal subjects KW - Running KW - Toxicity KW - organophosphates KW - Exercise KW - Exercise (programs) KW - Professional sports KW - Physical training KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - Fever KW - Oil KW - Insecticides KW - Conditioning KW - Wheel running KW - Motor activity KW - Nursing KW - Aerobic capacity KW - PE 090:Sports Medicine & Exercise Sport Science KW - X 24330:Agrochemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20081006?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Research+for+Nursing&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Exercise+Conditioning+on+Thermoregulatory+Response+to+Anticholinesterase+Insecticide+Toxicity&rft.au=Rowsey%2C+Pamela+J%3BMetzger%2C+Bonnie+L%3BGordon%2C+Christopher+J&rft.aulast=Rowsey&rft.aufirst=Pamela&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Research+for+Nursing&rft.issn=10998004&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F109980040100200406 LA - English DB - Physical Education Index; ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hyperthermia; Conditioning; Thermoregulation; Nursing; Running; Animal subjects; Exercise; Exercise (programs); Professional sports; Temperature effects; Hypothermia; organophosphates; Toxicity; Physical training; Oil; Fever; Chlorpyrifos; Insecticides; Wheel running; Motor activity; Aerobic capacity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109980040100200406 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Euro-trash: searching Europe for a more sustainable approach to waste management AN - 19922300; 5166416 AB - How an economically affordable, environmentally effective and socially acceptable municipal solid waste management system can be developed is currently unclear. Considerable research has been carried out on the practical aspects of municipal waste management (i.e. transport, treatment and disposal) and how citizens feel about source separation, recycling, incineration and landfill but the perspective of the waste manager within the context of long term planning is often ignored. In this study, waste managers from 11 different leading-edge European municipal solid waste programs in nine different countries were interviewed. The economic, social, political, environmental, legal and technical factors of their specific programs were explored and analyzed. The transition of municipal solid waste management to urban resources management was observed and key `system drivers' for more sustainable waste management practices were identified. Programs visited were: Brescia (I), Copenhagen (DK), Hampshire (UK), Helsinki (FI), Lahn-Dill-Kreis (D), Malmoe (SE), Pamplona (E), Prato (I), Saarbruecken (D), Vienna (A), and Zuerich (CH). JF - Resources, Conservation and Recycling AU - Wilson, E J AU - McDougall AU - Willmore, J AD - US EPA/Office of Research & Development, MD-63, Atmospheric Protection Branch, Air Pollution Prevention & Control Division, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, wilson.elizabeth@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - Apr 2001 SP - 327 EP - 346 VL - 31 IS - 4 SN - 0921-3449, 0921-3449 KW - Europe KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Human Population; Pollution Abstracts KW - Politics KW - Environmental regulations KW - Sustainable development KW - Waste treatment KW - Waste management KW - Socio-economic aspects KW - Decision making KW - Legal aspects KW - Analysis KW - Economics KW - Waste disposal KW - Environmental law KW - M1 310:Waste Disposal and Management KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19922300?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Resources%2C+Conservation+and+Recycling&rft.atitle=Euro-trash%3A+searching+Europe+for+a+more+sustainable+approach+to+waste+management&rft.au=Wilson%2C+E+J%3BMcDougall%3BWillmore%2C+J&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Resources%2C+Conservation+and+Recycling&rft.issn=09213449&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2001-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Decision making; Socio-economic aspects; Environmental regulations; Analysis; Sustainable development; Waste treatment; Waste disposal; Environmental law; Politics; Legal aspects; Economics; Waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stored Retinoids in Populations of the Estuarine Fish Fundulus heteroclitus Indigenous to PCB-Contaminated and Reference Sites AN - 19726838; 5994106 AB - Concentrations of retinoids, derivatives of vitamin A, were measured in populations of the nonmigratory estuarine fish Fundulus heteroclitus, indigenous to a reference site and a site highly contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) to address the hypothesis that contaminant exposure causes depletion of stored retinoids in native fish populations. To assess differences related to chemical exposure, as well as season and diet, hepatic retinoid analyses were conducted using fish collected early and late in the natural spawning season and after laboratory holding. Though hepatic retinoid composition was generally similar among groups, hepatic retinoid concentrations differed. Laboratory-held fish had higher hepatic retinyl ester concentrations than field-collected fish. Among field-collected fish, those collected early in the spawning season had higher hepatic retinyl ester concentrations than those collected later in the spawning season. Although there was no evidence of the dramatic retinoid depletions that have been reported in highly exposed populations of other fish species, hepatic retinoid stores were consistently lower in F. heteroclitus indigenous to the highly PCB-contaminated site. These results are consistent with prior findings that fish from this contaminated site are relatively insensitive to some of the toxic effects of PCB exposures, including retinoid depletion. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Nacci, D AU - Jayaraman, S AU - Specker, J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882, USA Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - Apr 2001 SP - 511 EP - 518 VL - 40 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Mummichog KW - retinoids KW - Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Aqualine Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - Pollution effects KW - Toxicity tests KW - Killifish KW - Pollutants KW - Exposure KW - Vitamins KW - Brackishwater fish KW - PCB compounds KW - Pollution indicators KW - PCB KW - Diets KW - Spawning seasons KW - Fundulus heteroclitus KW - Brackish KW - Spawning KW - Esters KW - Water pollution KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Vitamin A KW - Liver KW - Fish Populations KW - Retinoids KW - Contaminants KW - D 04070:Pollution KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - X 24156:Environmental impact KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19726838?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Stored+Retinoids+in+Populations+of+the+Estuarine+Fish+Fundulus+heteroclitus+Indigenous+to+PCB-Contaminated+and+Reference+Sites&rft.au=Nacci%2C+D%3BJayaraman%2C+S%3BSpecker%2C+J&rft.aulast=Nacci&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=511&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs002440010204 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Spawning seasons; Vitamin A; Pollution effects; Brackishwater fish; Pollution indicators; Toxicity tests; PCB; polychlorinated biphenyls; Pollutants; Liver; Spawning; Esters; Contaminants; Retinoids; Water pollution; PCB compounds; Diets; Killifish; Vitamins; Water Pollution Effects; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Exposure; Fish Populations; Fundulus heteroclitus; Brackish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002440010204 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecological Consequences of Recent Climate Change AN - 18248124; 5307815 AB - Global climate change is frequently considered a major conservation threat. The Earth's climate has already warmed by 0.5 degree C over the past century, and recent studies show that it is possible to detect the effects of a changing climate on ecological systems. This suggests that global change may be a current and future conservation threat. Changes in recent decades are apparent at all levels of ecological organization: population and life-history changes, shifts in geographic range, changes in species composition of communities, and changes in the structure and functioning of ecosystems. These ecological effects can be linked to recent population declines and to both local and global extinctions of species. Although it is impossible to prove that climate change is the cause of these ecological effects, these findings have important implications for conservation biology. It is no longer safe to assume that all of a species' historic range remains suitable. In drawing attention to the importance of climate change as a current threat to species, these studies emphasize the need for current conservation efforts to consider climate change in both in situ conservation and reintroduction efforts. Additional threats will emerge as climate continues to change, especially as climate interacts with other stressors such as habitat fragmentation. These studies can contribute to preparations for future challenges by providing valuable input to models and direct examples of how species respond to climate change. JF - Conservation Biology AU - Mccarty, J P AD - AAAS Fellow, Global Change Research Program, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M Street SW, Washington, D.C. 20460, U.S.A., and Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, U.S.A., jm395@umail.umd.edu Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - Apr 2001 SP - 320 EP - 331 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 0888-8892, 0888-8892 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Community composition KW - Life history KW - Biogeography KW - Climatic changes KW - Conservation KW - D 04712:Environmental degradation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18248124?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Conservation+Biology&rft.atitle=Ecological+Consequences+of+Recent+Climate+Change&rft.au=Mccarty%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Mccarty&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=320&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Conservation+Biology&rft.issn=08888892&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1523-1739.2001.015002320.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climatic changes; Conservation; Life history; Biogeography; Community composition DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.2001.015002320.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New Challenges: Residential Pesticide Exposure Assessment in the California Department of Pesticide Regulation, USA AN - 17900300; 5141491 AB - Residential exposure assessment is in an early stage of development within many of the regulatory agencies responsible for pesticides. Some of the impetus for residential assessment comes from the Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA), a federal law adopted in 1996 in the USA. The FQPA mandates that the aggregate and cumulative risks from all nonoccupational sources of exposure to similarly acting pesticides be assessed. The development of methods for residential exposure assessment is therefore proceeding in tandem with methods for aggregate risk assessment. The California Department of Pesticide Regulation (Cal DPR) regulates pesticides in the state of California much as the US EPA does at the national level. While Cal DPR is not explicitly bound by the federal law, it recognizes the importance of residential exposure and of cumulative risk, and tries to harmonize its methods with those of US EPA. Accordingly, Cal DPR is developing guidance for residential exposure assessment. Some factors to consider are the following: (1) although the end goal may be total exposure from all sources, in order to regulate the use of products it is necessary to have separate estimates of exposure from individual sources and routes; (2) probabilistic approaches will be used increasingly, and they must separate variability and uncertainty; (3) there is a critical need for data on residential use of pesticides, including the frequency of mishaps and improper handling; (4) data are needed on long-term activity patterns of individuals, including residential and occupational history; (5) regulatory agencies need a way to identify and screen potential exposure scenarios, in order to streamline the risk assessment process. JF - Annals of Occupational Hygiene AU - Powell, S AD - Department of Pesticide Regulation, California Environmental Protection Agency, Sacramento, CA, USA, spowell@cdpr.ca.gov Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - Apr 2001 SP - S119 EP - S123 VL - 45 SN - 0003-4878, 0003-4878 KW - man KW - USA, California KW - regulatory agencies KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Houses KW - Pesticides KW - Government policy KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - X 24133:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17900300?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+Occupational+Hygiene&rft.atitle=New+Challenges%3A+Residential+Pesticide+Exposure+Assessment+in+the+California+Department+of+Pesticide+Regulation%2C+USA&rft.au=Powell%2C+S&rft.aulast=Powell&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=&rft.spage=S119&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+Occupational+Hygiene&rft.issn=00034878&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Supplement: Innovative Exposure Assessment of Pesticide uses for Appropriate Risk Assessment. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Houses; Government policy; Risk assessment; Pesticides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metabolism, Microflora Effects, and Genotoxicity in Haloacetic Acid-Treated Cultures of Rat Cecal Microbiota AN - 17866178; 5108140 AB - Haloacetic acids are by-products of drinking water disinfection. Several compounds in this class are genotoxic and have been identified as rodent hepatocarcinogens. Enzymes produced by the normal intestinal bacteria can transform some promutagens and procarcinogens to their biologically active forms. The present study was designed to investigate the influence of the cecal microbiota on the mutagenicity of haloacetic acids, and to look at changes in the microbiota populations and enzyme activities associated with exposure to haloacetic acids. PYG medium containing 1 mg/ml of monochloroacetic (MCA), monobromoacetic (MBA), dichloroacetic (DCA), dibromoacetic (DBA), trichloroacetic (TCA), tribromoacetic (TBA), or bromochloroacetic (BCA) acid was inoculated with rat cecal homogenate and incubated anaerobically at 37 degree C. Growth curves were performed with enumeration of the microflora populations on selective media. Mutagenicity in a Salmonella microsuspension bioassay was determined after incubation for various lengths of time, with or without the cecal microbiota. At 15 h of incubation, enzyme assays determined the activities for beta -glucuronidase, beta -galactosidase, beta -glucosidase, azoreductase, nitroreductase, dechlorinase, and dehydrochlorinase. The haloacetic acids, with the exception of BCA, were toxic to the cecal microbiota, and especially to the enterococci. DBA, TBA, and BCA were mutagenic in the microsuspension assay, but the presence of the intestinal flora did not significantly alter the mutagenicity. BCA increased the activities of several enzymes, and therefore has the potential to affect the biotransformation of co-exposed compounds. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Nelson, G M AU - Swank, A E AU - Brooks, L R AU - Bailey, K C AU - George, SE AD - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - Apr 2001 SP - 232 EP - 241 VL - 60 IS - 2 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - rats KW - haloacetic acid KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Intestinal microflora KW - Mutagenicity KW - Genotoxicity KW - Cecum KW - Drinking water KW - Salmonella KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants KW - J 02861:Microflora UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17866178?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Metabolism%2C+Microflora+Effects%2C+and+Genotoxicity+in+Haloacetic+Acid-Treated+Cultures+of+Rat+Cecal+Microbiota&rft.au=Nelson%2C+G+M%3BSwank%2C+A+E%3BBrooks%2C+L+R%3BBailey%2C+K+C%3BGeorge%2C+SE&rft.aulast=Nelson&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=232&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Salmonella; Drinking water; Genotoxicity; Cecum; Intestinal microflora; Mutagenicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Emission of Volatile Compounds by Seeds Under Different Environmental Conditions AN - 17866012; 5109104 AB - Small mammals locate buried wet seeds more efficiently than buried dry seeds. This may be attributable to emission of volatile compounds by the seeds. To test this hypothesis I measured emission of volatile compounds from seeds of three plant species (Pinus contorta, Purshia tridentata and Achnatherum hymenoides) under wet and dry conditions using solid phase micro-extraction, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry headspace analysis. Seeds responded in two ways: (1) wet seeds released different, generally greater, amounts of volatile gas than dry seeds and (2) wet seeds and dry seeds released different compounds. Pinus contorta seeds release greater amounts of three compounds when wet; Purshia tridentata seeds release two compounds when dry that are not released when wet, and release increased amounts of two compounds when wet, and increased amounts of two compounds when dry; Achnatherum hymenoides releases at least 22 compounds, one of which is released in large concentrations when wet. These data suggested two mechanisms by which small mammals locate buried seeds. First, small mammals may be sensitive to release of differing concentrations of volatile compounds by seeds. Second, small mammals may be sensitive to compounds released by wet seeds that are not released by dry seeds. Ability of seeds to survive depredation by granivores may be an adaptive trait influenced by natural selection. JF - American Midland Naturalist AU - Jorgensen, EE AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, P.O. Box 1198, Ada, Oklahoma 74820, USA Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - Apr 2001 SP - 419 EP - 422 PB - [URL:http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract &issn=0003-0031&volume=145&page=419] VL - 145 IS - 2 SN - 0003-0031, 0003-0031 KW - Mammals KW - Lodgepole pine KW - Chemoreception Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Seeds KW - Pinus contorta KW - Purshia tridentata KW - Mammalia KW - Achnatherum hymenoides KW - Water content KW - Volatiles KW - Feeding behavior KW - D 04625:Plants - general KW - R 18059:Feeding UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17866012?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Midland+Naturalist&rft.atitle=Emission+of+Volatile+Compounds+by+Seeds+Under+Different+Environmental+Conditions&rft.au=Jorgensen%2C+EE&rft.aulast=Jorgensen&rft.aufirst=EE&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=145&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=419&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Midland+Naturalist&rft.issn=00030031&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0003-0031%282001%29145%280419%3AEOVCBS%292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mammalia; Purshia tridentata; Pinus contorta; Achnatherum hymenoides; Feeding behavior; Water content; Volatiles; Seeds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0003-0031(2001)145(0419:EOVCBS)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neurotoxicological Outcomes of Perinatal Heptachlor Exposure in the Rat AN - 17865866; 5108150 AB - The developing nervous system has been identified as a potential target of pesticide exposure. Heptachlor is a cyclodiene pesticide that was widely used for many years, and for which inadvertent exposure to children and fetuses took place in the early 1980s; yet little is known regarding the developmental neurotoxicity of it and other cyclodienes. The aim of this study was to determine whether perinatal heptachlor exposure results in persistent alterations in nervous system function. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley dams were dosed from gestational day (GD) 12 to postnatal day (PND) 7, whereupon the rat pups were dosed directly until PND 21 (group A) or PND 42 (group B). Dose levels were 0, 0.03, 0.3, or 3 mg/kg/day, po. There were no dose-related effects on maternal weight, litter size, or pup growth. GABA sub(A) receptor binding (using [ super(35)S] tert-butylbicyclophosphorothionate; TBPS) and GABA-stimulated Cl- flux were evaluated in control and high-dose brain tissues taken on PND 7, 21, and 43. The B sub(max) values for [ super(35)S]-TBPS binding in brainstem, but not cortex, were decreased in female rats across all ages tested. There were no such changes in male rats, nor were K sub(D) values altered in either tissue or gender. GABA-stimulated Cl- flux was decreased in female cortex synaptoneurosomes only on PND 21. The ontogeny of the righting response (PND 2-5) was delayed in the high-dose females. All subsequent testing took place a week to months after dosing ceased. The functional observational battery (FOB) showed treatment-related, but not necessarily dose-related, changes in different aspects of the rat's reactivity and activity levels. Group-A rats also showed altered within-session habituation of motor activity. There were no heptachlor-related differences in motor activity following challenge with a range of chlordiazepoxide doses. Cognitive assessments were conducted in both groups of rats. There were no statistically significant differences among treatment groups in a one-trial passive avoidance test, although there was a trend toward less learning. In group B, rats (both sexes), heptachlor altered spatial learning in the Morris water maze during two weeks of daily training (2 trials/day). On probe trials, heptachlor-treated rats did not show significant preference for the correct quadrant (all dose groups in males, high dose in females). These rats did not show alterations on subsequent working-memory training (where the platform position was relearned each day). Thus, perinatal exposure to heptachlor produced neurochemical and persistent neurobehavioral changes, including alterations in spatial learning and memory. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Moser, V C AU - Shafer, T J AU - Ward, T R AU - Meacham, CA AU - Harris, M W AU - Chapin, R E AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - Apr 2001 SP - 315 EP - 326 VL - 60 IS - 2 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - rats KW - heptachlor KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Neurological complications KW - Pesticides (organochlorine) KW - Memory KW - Nervous system KW - Perinatal exposure KW - Behavior KW - Neurotoxicity KW - Spatial discrimination learning KW - N3 11104:Mammals (except primates) KW - X 24153:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17865866?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Neurotoxicological+Outcomes+of+Perinatal+Heptachlor+Exposure+in+the+Rat&rft.au=Moser%2C+V+C%3BShafer%2C+T+J%3BWard%2C+T+R%3BMeacham%2C+CA%3BHarris%2C+M+W%3BChapin%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Moser&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=315&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pesticides (organochlorine); Neurotoxicity; Neurological complications; Nervous system; Memory; Spatial discrimination learning; Behavior; Perinatal exposure ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multi-pollutant concentration measurements around a concentrated swine production facility using open-path FTIR spectrometry AN - 17861266; 5109166 AB - Open-path Fourier transform infrared (OP/FTIR) spectrometry was used to measure the concentrations of ammonia, methane, and other atmospheric gases around an integrated industrial swine production facility in eastern North Carolina. Several single-path measurements were made over an 8-day period from 11 to 22 January 1999. Nine different monitoring paths were configured to determine the concentration ranges of ammonia and methane throughout this facility, with an emphasis on isolating the emissions from the farrowing/nursery barns, the finishing barns, and the waste lagoon. A series of sequential measurements was made on 13 January 1999, to estimate the target gas concentrations downwind from each of these sources and at an upwind background site under similar meteorological conditions. The path-averaged concentration (mean plus or minus standard deviation) of ammonia during these measurements was below the estimated method detection limit of 0.003 ppm at the background site, 0.328 plus or minus 0.044 ppm between the farrowing/nursery and finishing barns, 2.063 plus or minus 0.140 ppm perpendicular to the airflow from the exhaust fans of the finishing barns, 0.488 plus or minus 0.110 ppm along the western berm of the lagoon, and 0.722 plus or minus 0.659 ppm along the eastern berm of the lagoon. The mean-path-averaged concentration of methane during this same time period was 1.89 plus or minus 0.03 ppm at the background site, 2.58 plus or minus 0.11 ppm between the farrowing/nursery and finishing barns, 2.70 plus or minus 0.05 ppm perpendicular to the airflow from the exhaust fans of the finishing barns, 2.27 plus or minus 0.06 ppm along the western berm of the lagoon, and 11.02 plus or minus 9.69 ppm along the eastern berm of the lagoon as the prevailing westerly winds died down. The concentration measurements made along different monitoring paths during this study indicate that the confinement barns can be a significant source of ammonia, while the lagoon is a major source of methane. Attempts to apply tracer-based dispersion modeling techniques to the single-path OP/FTIR data to estimate emission rates of ammonia and methane from the different sources present at this facility were met with limited success. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Childers, J W AU - Thompson, EL Jr AU - Harris, D B AU - Kirchgessner, DA AU - Clayton, M AU - Natschke, D F AU - Phillips, W J AD - National Risk Management Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, harris.bruce@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - Apr 2001 SP - 1923 EP - 1936 VL - 35 IS - 11 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Methane KW - Agricultural pollution KW - Ammonia KW - Livestock KW - Spectrometry KW - Emission measurements KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17861266?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Multi-pollutant+concentration+measurements+around+a+concentrated+swine+production+facility+using+open-path+FTIR+spectrometry&rft.au=Childers%2C+J+W%3BThompson%2C+EL+Jr%3BHarris%2C+D+B%3BKirchgessner%2C+DA%3BClayton%2C+M%3BNatschke%2C+D+F%3BPhillips%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Childers&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1923&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Spectrometry; Ammonia; Methane; Emission measurements; Agricultural pollution; Livestock ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recent developments in regulatory requirements for developmental toxicology. AN - 70811194; 11323164 AB - A number of legislative and regulatory changes have occurred over the past 5 years to prompt the re-evaluation of the regulatory requirements for developmental toxicity testing and use of the data for risk assessment. In particular, passage of the 1996 Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA) in the United States required the USEPA to evaluate children's health risks in a more rigorous fashion, and to apply an additional 10-fold safety factor if data were inadequate or children appeared to be more sensitive than adults. A review of the testing protocols required by USEPA led to extension of the dosing period to term in the prenatal developmental toxicity study and the addition of endpoints to the 2-generation reproduction study protocol as indicators of possible neurologic, reproductive, or immune alterations. Revised testing guidelines for pesticides and toxic substances were published by USEPA in 1998, including a developmental neurotoxicity testing protocol. Further review for FQPA implementation resulted in the proposal for a core set of required toxicology studies, including routine developmental neurotoxicity, adult neurotoxicity, and adult immunotoxicity studies. In addition, development of new testing guidelines in several areas was recommended, these guidelines to be used in conjunction with or as follow-up when indicated from standard testing: developmental immunotoxicity, carcinogenesis, specialized neurotoxicity studies, endocrine disruptor studies, pharmacokinetics, and direct dosing of neonates. The impact of these efforts on the policies for toxicity testing of pesticides are discussed, and these issues are currently being reviewed on a broader scale, in particular, by evaluating the adequacy of the methods used for reference values (e.g. chronic RfD, RfC). Three major areas of focus for this review include life stages evaluated, endpoints assessed, and the duration of exposure used in various studies. A major focus of these efforts is to ensure that children's health risks are being adequately addressed in the risk assessment process. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Kimmel, C A AU - Makris, S L AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment (8623D), Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Ariel Rios Building, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave, Washington, DC 20460, USA. kimmel.carole@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/03/31/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Mar 31 SP - 73 EP - 82 VL - 120 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Organophosphorus Compounds KW - Index Medicus KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Risk Assessment KW - Pregnancy KW - Fertility -- drug effects KW - Fetus -- drug effects KW - Toxicology -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Reproduction -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70811194?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=Recent+developments+in+regulatory+requirements+for+developmental+toxicology.&rft.au=Kimmel%2C+C+A%3BMakris%2C+S+L&rft.aulast=Kimmel&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-03-31&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-05-17 N1 - Date created - 2001-04-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of inhalation exposure to bromo-dichloromethane on specific rat CYP isoenzymes. AN - 77037239; 11295256 AB - Several cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoenzymes may be involved in the metabolism of bromo-dichloromethane (BDCM), a drinking water disinfection byproduct. After 4-h inhalation exposures of male F344 rats to BDCM between 100 and 3200 p.p.m., hepatic microsomal methoxyresorufin demethylase (MROD), ethoxyresorufin de-ethylease (EROD) and pentoxyresorufin dealkylase (PROD) activities showed modest increases at low exposure levels and larger decreases at high exposure levels, compared with controls. Western blots for CYP1A2 and CYP2B1 showed similar trends. In addition, p-nitrophenol hydroxylase (PNP) activity was measured and Western blots for CYP2E1 were performed. CYP2E1 and CYP2B1 isoenzymes are known to metabolize BDCM (Thornton-Manning, J.R., Gao, P., Lilly, P.D., Pegram, R.A., 1993. Acute bromodichloromethane toxicity in rats pretreated with cytochrome P450 inducers and inhibitors. The Toxicologist 13: 361). When compared with a multiple gavage study of BDCM in female F344 rats (Thornton-Manning, J.R., et al., 1994. Toxicology 94, 3-18), the results of the two studies for EROD, PROD, and PNP activities were qualitatively the same; PNP activity did not change, while both PROD and EROD activities decreased at high exposures. In the current work, Western blots for CYP2E1, CYP2B1 and CYP1A2 supported the results from the PNP, PROD and MROD activities, respectively. The decreases in MROD and PROD activities and in Western blots for CYP1A2 and CYP2B1 at high exposures suggest that BDCM may be a suicide substrate for these CYP isoenzymes. Other important conclusions that can be drawn from the comparison between the current and prior work are that the liver response is similar for both sexes, and it is also similar for inhalation and gavage exposures under these conditions. Finally, the decrease in EROD activity at high doses, found in both studies, may be a further reflection of CYP1A2 activity, since little or no CYP1A1 activity is normally found in uninduced rat liver and CYP1A2 is known to metabolize ethoxyresorufin, although much more slowly than CYP1A1. JF - Toxicology AU - Allis, J W AU - Brown, B L AU - Zhao, G AU - Pegram, R A AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. allis.john@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/03/21/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Mar 21 SP - 67 EP - 77 VL - 161 IS - 1-2 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Isoenzymes KW - Trihalomethanes KW - bromodichloromethane KW - 7LN464CH2O KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Blotting, Western KW - Enzyme Induction -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B1 -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 -- metabolism KW - Atmosphere Exposure Chambers KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Male KW - Isoenzymes -- metabolism KW - Carcinogens -- metabolism KW - Microsomes, Liver -- enzymology KW - Microsomes, Liver -- drug effects KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Trihalomethanes -- toxicity KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Trihalomethanes -- metabolism KW - Trihalomethanes -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77037239?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+inhalation+exposure+to+bromo-dichloromethane+on+specific+rat+CYP+isoenzymes.&rft.au=Allis%2C+J+W%3BBrown%2C+B+L%3BZhao%2C+G%3BPegram%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Allis&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-03-21&rft.volume=161&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-05-17 N1 - Date created - 2001-04-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Arsenicals Inhibit Thioredoxin Reductase in Cultured Rat Hepatocytes AN - 17858088; 5105484 AB - Thioredoxin reductase (TR), an NADPH-dependent flavoenzyme that catalyzes the reduction of many disulfide-containing substrates, plays an important role in the cellular response to oxidative stress. Trivalent arsenicals, especially methyl As that contains trivalent arsenic (MAs super(III)), are potent noncompetitive inhibitors of TR purified from mouse liver. Because MAs super(III) is produced in the biomethylation of As, it was postulated that the extent of inhibition of TR in cultured rat hepatocytes would correlate with the intracellular concentration of methyl As. Exposure of cultured hepatocytes to inorganic As super(III) (iAs super(III)), MAs super(III), or aurothioglucose (ATG, a competitive inhibitor of TR activity) for 30 min caused a concentration-dependent reduction in TR activity. The estimated IC sub(50) was >>100 mu M for iAs super(III), similar to 10 mu M for ATG, and similar to 3 mu M for MAs super(III). In hepatocytes exposed to 1 mu M MAs super(III) for up to 24 h, the inhibition of TR activity was maximal ( similar to 40%) after exposure for 15 min. After exposure for 3 h [when most MAs super(III) has been converted to dimethyl As (DMAs)], TR activity in these cells had returned to control levels. Notably, exposure of the cell to 50 mu M DMAs super(III) did not affect TR activity. In hepatocytes exposed to 10 mu M iAs super(III) for up to 24 h, the inhibition of TR activity was progressive; at 24 h, activity was reduced similar to 35%. Following exposure to iAs super(III) or MAs super(III), the extent of inhibition of TR activity correlated strongly with the intracellular concentration of MAs. Taken together, these results suggest that arsenicals formed in the course of cellular metabolism of As are potent inhibitors of TR activity. In particular, MAs super(III), an intermediate in the metabolic pathway, is an especially potent inhibitor of TR. Hence, the capacity of cells to produce or consume the intermediates in the pathway for As methylation may be an important determinant of susceptibility to the toxic effects of As. JF - Chemical Research in Toxicology AU - Lin, Shan AU - Del Razo, LM AU - Styblo, M AU - Wang, Changqing AU - Cullen, W R AU - Thomas, D J AD - Pharmacokinetics Branch, Experimental Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 2001/03/19/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Mar 19 SP - 305 EP - 311 VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - rats KW - inhibition KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Arsenic KW - Hepatocytes KW - Thioredoxin reductase (NADPH) KW - X 24165:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17858088?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Research+in+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Arsenicals+Inhibit+Thioredoxin+Reductase+in+Cultured+Rat+Hepatocytes&rft.au=Lin%2C+Shan%3BDel+Razo%2C+LM%3BStyblo%2C+M%3BWang%2C+Changqing%3BCullen%2C+W+R%3BThomas%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=Shan&rft.date=2001-03-19&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=305&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Research+in+Toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Thioredoxin reductase (NADPH); Arsenic; Hepatocytes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A concise review of the toxicity and carcinogenicity of dimethylarsinic acid AN - 17858048; 5105461 AB - Dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) has been used as a herbicide (cacodylic acid) and is the major metabolite formed after exposure to tri- (arsenite) or pentavalent (arsenate) inorganic arsenic (iAs) via ingestion or inhalation in both humans and rodents. Once viewed simply as a detoxification product of iAs, evidence has accumulated in recent years indicating that DMA itself has unique toxic properties. DMA induces an organ-specific lesion - single strand breaks in DNA - in the lungs of both mice and rats and in human lung cells in vitro. Mechanistic studies have suggested that this damage is due mainly to the peroxyl radical of DMA and production of active oxygen species by pulmonary tissues. Multi-organ initiation-promotion studies have demonstrated that DMA acts as a promotor of urinary bladder, kidney, liver and thyroid gland cancers in rats and as a promotor of lung tumors in mice. Lifetime exposure to DMA in diet or drinking water also causes a dose-dependent increase in urinary bladder tumors in rats, indicating that DMA is a complete carcinogen. These data collectively suggest that DMA plays a role in the carcinogenesis of inorganic arsenic. JF - Toxicology AU - Kenyon, E M AU - Hughes, M F AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Experimental Toxicology Division, MD-74, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, kenyon.elaina@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/03/07/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Mar 07 SP - 227 EP - 236 VL - 160 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - toxicity KW - cacodylic acid KW - dimethylarsinic acid KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Arsenic KW - Carcinogenicity KW - Reviews KW - Herbicides KW - X 24250:Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17858048?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=A+concise+review+of+the+toxicity+and+carcinogenicity+of+dimethylarsinic+acid&rft.au=Kenyon%2C+E+M%3BHughes%2C+M+F&rft.aulast=Kenyon&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2001-03-07&rft.volume=160&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=227&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arsenic; Herbicides; Reviews; Carcinogenicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The therapeutic potential of regulated hypothermia. AN - 77043685; 11300205 AB - Reducing body temperature of rodents has been found to improve their survival to ischaemia, hypoxia, chemical toxicants, and many other types of insults. Larger species, including humans, may also benefit from a lower body temperature when recovering from CNS ischaemia and other traumatic insults. Rodents subjected to these insults undergo a regulated hypothermic response (that is, decrease in set point temperature) characterised by preference for cooler ambient temperatures, peripheral vasodilatation, and reduced metabolic rate. However, forced hypothermia (that is, body temperature forced below set point) is the only method used in the study and treatment of human pathological insults. The therapeutic efficacy of the hypothermic treatment is likely to be influenced by the nature of the reduction in body temperature (that is, forced versus regulated). Homeostatic mechanisms counter forced reductions in body temperature resulting in physiological stress and decreased efficacy of the hypothermic treatment. On the other hand, regulated hypothermia would seem to be the best means of achieving a therapeutic benefit because thermal homeostatic systems mediate a controlled reduction in core temperature. JF - Emergency medicine journal : EMJ AU - Gordon, C J AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. gordon.christopher@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/03// PY - 2001 DA - March 2001 SP - 81 EP - 89 VL - 18 IS - 2 SN - 1472-0205, 1472-0205 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- physiology KW - Rodentia KW - Homeostasis -- physiology KW - Species Specificity KW - Stress, Physiological -- physiopathology KW - Brain Injuries -- therapy KW - Brain Injuries -- physiopathology KW - Poisoning -- physiopathology KW - Poisoning -- therapy KW - Hypothermia, Induced KW - Brain Ischemia -- therapy KW - Brain Ischemia -- physiopathology KW - Emergency Medical Services UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77043685?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Emergency+medicine+journal+%3A+EMJ&rft.atitle=The+therapeutic+potential+of+regulated+hypothermia.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Emergency+medicine+journal+%3A+EMJ&rft.issn=14720205&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-07-05 N1 - Date created - 2001-04-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Shock. 2000;13(4):320-4 [10774622] Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 1987 Spring;11(1):35-96 [3033566] Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh). 1976 Aug;39(2):214-24 [947298] J Cell Physiol. 1977 Dec;93(3):331-4 [591566] J Neurosurg. 1982 Apr;56(4):482-97 [6278105] Neurobehav Toxicol Teratol. 1982 Mar-Apr;4(2):267-71 [7088258] Biochem Pharmacol. 1982 Apr 1;31(7):1197-203 [7092915] J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1987 Dec;7(6):729-38 [3693428] Cancer Res. 1988 Sep 15;48(18):5101-5 [3409235] Toxicology. 1988 Dec 30;53(2-3):161-78 [3062847] J Neurosci. 1990 Jan;10(1):311-6 [2405111] Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1989 Oct;34(2):375-80 [2622994] Alcohol. 1990 Jul-Aug;7(4):331-7 [2390209] Physiol Rev. 1991 Jan;71(1):93-127 [1986393] Am J Physiol. 1991 Jan;260(1 Pt 2):R120-5 [1992812] Annu Rev Physiol. 1991;53:71-85 [2042977] Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 1991 Spring;15(1):95-8 [2052205] J Neurotrauma. 1992 May;9 Suppl 2:S475-85 [1613807] J Neurotrauma. 1992 May;9 Suppl 2:S487-95 [1613808] Crit Care Med. 1992 Oct;20(10):1402-5 [1395660] Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 1993 Apr;15(3):153-9 [8332031] Toxicology. 1993 Jul 11;81(1):15-31 [8103612] Stroke. 1994 Jan;25(1):147-52 [8266363] J Neurotrauma. 1993 Winter;10(4):363-72 [7908337] Cardiovasc Res. 1994 Mar;28(3):391-9 [8174161] J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1994 Aug;270(2):752-60 [8071868] Acta Neurol Scand. 1994 Aug;90(2):91-8 [7801745] Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1994 Nov;49(3):747-54 [7862732] J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 1995;121(7):393-6 [7635867] J Clin Anesth. 1995 Aug;7(5):359-66 [7576669] Crit Care Med. 1996 Feb;24(2 Suppl):S81-9 [8608709] Lancet. 1996 Feb 17;347(8999):422-5 [8618482] Am J Physiol. 1996 Apr;270(4 Pt 2):R693-703 [8967396] Pediatr Res. 1996 Apr;39(4 Pt 1):591-7 [8848330] Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 1996 Mar;74(3):331-6 [8773414] Pediatr Res. 1997 Apr;41(4 Pt 1):505-12 [9098852] Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1997 Mar 15;813:757-77 [9100967] Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1997 Mar 15;813:835-48 [9100976] Brain Dev. 1997 Jul;19(5):326-38 [9253485] Mol Neurobiol. 1997 Jun;14(3):171-201 [9294862] Anesthesiology. 1997 Nov;87(5):1089-95 [9366461] J Appl Physiol (1985). 1997 Nov;83(5):1630-4 [9375331] Anesthesiology. 1997 Dec;87(6):1318-23 [9416715] Dis Mon. 1997 Dec;43(12):809-916 [9442757] Stroke. 1998 Feb;29(2):529-34 [9472901] Toxicology. 1997 Dec 31;124(3):165-71 [9482118] Am J Physiol. 1998 Jul;275(1 Pt 2):R269-77 [9688988] Anesthesiology. 1998 Nov;89(5):1133-40 [9822001] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1984 May;32(5):543-9 [6733300] Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 1985 Summer;9(2):299-371 [2861591] Annu Rev Physiol. 1986;48:595-612 [3518621] Am J Physiol. 1986 Jul;251(1 Pt 2):F87-93 [3728686] Alcohol. 1986 Nov-Dec;3(6):339-43 [3814343] Acta Neurol Scand. 1976 Jan;53(1):72-9 [1251682] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Summary of well water sampling in California to detect pesticide residues resulting from nonpoint-source applications. AN - 77026956; 11285905 AB - This report summarizes well sampling protocols, data collection procedures, and analytical results for the presence of pesticides in ground water developed by the California Department of Pesticide Regulation (DPR). Specific well sampling protocols were developed to meet regulatory mandates of the Pesticide Contamination Prevention Act (PCPA) of 1986 and to provide further understanding of the agronomic, chemical, and geographic factors that contribute to movement of residues to ground water. The well sampling data have formed the basis for the DPR's regulatory decisions. For example, a sampling protocol, the Four-Section Survey, was developed to determine if reported detections were caused by nonpoint-source agricultural applications, a determination that can initiate formal review and subsequent regulation of a pesticide. Selection of sampling sites, which are primarily rural domestic wells, was initially based on pesticide use and cropping patterns. Recently, soil and depth-to-ground water data have been added to identify areas where a higher frequency of detection is expected. In accordance with the PCPA, the DPR maintains a database for all pesticide well sampling in California with submission required by all state agencies and with invitations for submission extended to all local and federal agencies or other entities. To date, residues for 16 active ingredients and breakdown products have been detected in California ground water as a result of legal agricultural use. Regulations have been adopted for all detected parent active ingredients, and they have been developed regardless of the level of detection. JF - Journal of environmental quality AU - Troiano, J AU - Weaver, D AU - Marade, J AU - Spurlock, F AU - Pepple, M AU - Nordmark, C AU - Bartkowiak, D AD - Environmental Monitoring and Pest Management Branch, Dep. of Pesticide Regulation, California EPA, 830 K Street Mall, Sacramento, CA 95814-3510, USA. jtroiano@cdpr.ca.gov PY - 2001 SP - 448 EP - 459 VL - 30 IS - 2 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Pesticide Residues KW - 0 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Water Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - California KW - Agriculture KW - Policy Making KW - Humans KW - Databases, Factual KW - Calibration KW - Data Collection KW - Public Policy KW - Quality Control KW - Water Pollutants -- analysis KW - Water Supply KW - Pesticide Residues -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77026956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.atitle=Summary+of+well+water+sampling+in+California+to+detect+pesticide+residues+resulting+from+nonpoint-source+applications.&rft.au=Troiano%2C+J%3BWeaver%2C+D%3BMarade%2C+J%3BSpurlock%2C+F%3BPepple%2C+M%3BNordmark%2C+C%3BBartkowiak%2C+D&rft.aulast=Troiano&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=448&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-07-19 N1 - Date created - 2001-04-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Non-traditional tools for lca and sustainability AN - 754881108; 13405333 AB - LCA practice focuses on impacts resulting from the release of chemicals into the environment, but consideration of 'non-chemical impacts' is as important for LCA, particularly as it relates to sustainability. Methodologies and philosophies exist for addressing non-chemical impacts, particularly in the area of resource depletion and land use, but the problem of comparing or integrating chemical and non-chemical impacts remains. A new approach for identifying and integrating impacts involves the use of an object-oriented modeling and simulation platform, such as Department of Energy Argonne National Laboratory's Dynamic Information Architecture System (DIAS). LCA and impact categories can be described as 'objects' (at any level of detail or specificity) and any combination of objects and behaviors can be brought into a DIAS analysis frame. Related models that address objects' behavior characteristics are linked only to their respective objects, not to each other. Thus, maximum flexibility and speed is possible. The process of dividing LCA and impact assessment into a hierarchy of objects provides new insights into the complex mixture of dynamic things, activities, and relationships inherent in LCA and sustainability. Ultimately, embracing the complexity of LCA may be the way to simplify it. JF - International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment AU - Hoagland, NTheresa AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, 45268, Cincinnati, OH, USA, hoagland.theresa@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/03// PY - 2001 DA - Mar 2001 SP - 110 EP - 113 PB - Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft AG & Co. KG, Justus-von-Liebig-Strasse 1 Landsberg D-86899 Germany VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 0948-3349, 0948-3349 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - life cycle analysis KW - Simulation KW - Land use KW - sustainability KW - resource depletion KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754881108?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Life+Cycle+Assessment&rft.atitle=Non-traditional+tools+for+lca+and+sustainability&rft.au=Hoagland%2C+NTheresa&rft.aulast=Hoagland&rft.aufirst=NTheresa&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=110&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Life+Cycle+Assessment&rft.issn=09483349&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2FBF02977847 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; life cycle analysis; Simulation; sustainability; resource depletion; Land use DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02977847 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Does the kindling model of epilepsy contribute to our understanding of multiple chemical sensitivity? AN - 71314548; 12000037 AB - Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) is a phenomenon whereby individuals report an increased sensitivity to low levels of chemicals in the environment. Kindling is a model of synaptic plasticity whereby repeated low-level electrical stimulation to a number of brain sites leads to permanent increases in seizure susceptibility. Stimulation that is initially subthreshold for subclinical seizure provocation comes, over time, to elicit full-blown motor seizures. Kindling can also be induced by chemical stimulation, and repeated exposures to some pesticides have been shown to induce signs of behavioral seizure, facilitate subsequent electrical kindling, and induce subclinical electrographic signs of hyperexcitability in the amygdala. Many of the symptoms of MCS suggest that CNS limbic pathways involved in anxiety are altered in individuals reporting MCS. Limbic structures are among the most susceptible to kindling-induced seizures, and persistent cognitive and emotional sequelae have been associated with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) in humans and kindling in animals. Thus, a number of parallels exist between kindling and MCS phenomena, leading to initial speculations that MCS may occur via a kindling-like mechanism. However, kindling requires the activation of electrographic seizure discharge and has thus been primarily examined as a model for TLE. Events leading to the initial evocation of a subclinical electrographic seizure have been much less well studied. It is perhaps these events that may serve as a more appropriate model for the enhanced chemical responsiveness characteristic of MCS. Alternatively, kindling may be useful as a tool to selectively increase sensitivity in subcomponents of the neural fear circuit to address questions relating the role of anxiety in the development and expression of MCS. JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - Gilbert, M E AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. gilbert.mary@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/03// PY - 2001 DA - March 2001 SP - 68 EP - 91 VL - 933 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Convulsants KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - GABA Antagonists KW - Insecticides KW - Receptors, GABA KW - Lindane KW - 59NEE7PCAB KW - Index Medicus KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Receptors, GABA -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Environmental Pollutants -- pharmacology KW - Lindane -- toxicity KW - Humans KW - Convulsants -- pharmacology KW - Olfactory Bulb -- drug effects KW - Electroencephalography -- drug effects KW - Lindane -- pharmacology KW - GABA Antagonists -- pharmacology KW - Electric Stimulation KW - Anxiety Disorders -- physiopathology KW - Emotions -- drug effects KW - Convulsants -- toxicity KW - Rats KW - GABA Antagonists -- toxicity KW - Amygdala -- physiopathology KW - Cognition -- drug effects KW - Olfactory Bulb -- physiopathology KW - Hippocampus -- physiopathology KW - Amygdala -- drug effects KW - Anxiety Disorders -- chemically induced KW - Insecticides -- pharmacology KW - Limbic System -- physiopathology KW - Kindling, Neurologic -- drug effects KW - Epilepsy -- physiopathology KW - Epilepsy -- chemically induced KW - Long-Term Potentiation -- physiology KW - Limbic System -- drug effects KW - Multiple Chemical Sensitivity -- physiopathology KW - Models, Neurological KW - Kindling, Neurologic -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71314548?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Does+the+kindling+model+of+epilepsy+contribute+to+our+understanding+of+multiple+chemical+sensitivity%3F&rft.au=Gilbert%2C+M+E&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=933&rft.issue=&rft.spage=68&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-05-24 N1 - Date created - 2002-05-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Episodic exposures to chemicals: what relevance to chemical intolerance? AN - 71313805; 12000013 AB - Episodic exposures refer to intermittent acute exposures to chemicals that ordinarily have a rapid onset and short duration of effect. There has been a long tradition in preclinical behavioral pharmacology of using episodic-exposure paradigms in order to establish dose-response functions in individual organisms. In these experiments, stable baselines of behavior are first established and then followed by administering varying doses of a drug intermittently, for example, once or twice a week. The power of this approach is well established; the within-subjects design reduces error variance, allows exploration of the entire range of effective doses, and can be used to identify individual differences in drug sensitivity. Of course, the approach is only applicable to reversibly acting compounds, and checks need to be included to insure effects of one dose are not influenced by prior exposure to another dose. We have used baseline approaches to evaluate the effects of pesticides and solvents on the behavior of adult male rats and mice. Moreover, a novel probabilistic dose-tolerance analysis applied to the data suggests substantial individual differences in chemical sensitivity, often spanning orders of magnitude. These results suggest that individual differences in chemical sensitivity may be much greater than previously acknowledged. JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - MacPhail, R C AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 2001/03// PY - 2001 DA - March 2001 SP - 103 EP - 111 VL - 933 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Fungicides, Industrial KW - Insecticides KW - Solvents KW - Triazoles KW - Xenobiotics KW - triadimefon KW - 1HW039CJF0 KW - Carbaryl KW - R890C8J3N1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Genetic Variation KW - Solvents -- toxicity KW - Toxicology -- standards KW - Humans KW - Fungicides, Industrial -- administration & dosage KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Aged KW - Drug Resistance KW - Child KW - Research Design KW - Drug Administration Routes KW - Risk Assessment KW - Rats KW - Infant KW - Adult KW - Toxicology -- methods KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Adolescent KW - Fungicides, Industrial -- toxicity KW - Male KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Drug Administration Schedule KW - Triazoles -- toxicity KW - Disease Susceptibility KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Reference Standards KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Mice KW - Carbaryl -- administration & dosage KW - Environmental Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics KW - Child, Preschool KW - Solvents -- administration & dosage KW - Middle Aged KW - Carbaryl -- toxicity KW - Female KW - Triazoles -- administration & dosage KW - Xenobiotics -- pharmacokinetics KW - Multiple Chemical Sensitivity -- etiology KW - Xenobiotics -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71313805?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Episodic+exposures+to+chemicals%3A+what+relevance+to+chemical+intolerance%3F&rft.au=MacPhail%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=MacPhail&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=933&rft.issue=&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-05-24 N1 - Date created - 2002-05-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Subchronic sodium chlorate exposure in drinking water results in a concentration-dependent increase in rat thyroid follicular cell hyperplasia. AN - 70951416; 11421493 AB - Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) is an effective drinking water disinfectant, but sodium chlorate (NaClO3) has been identified as a potentially harmful disinfection by-product. Studies were performed to describe the development of thyroid lesions in animals exposed to NaClO3 in the drinking water. Male and female F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice were exposed to 0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 g/L NaClO3 for 21 days. Additional male F344 rats were exposed to 0, 0.001. 0.01. 0.1, 1.0. or 2.0 g/L NaClO3 for 90 days. Female F344 rats were exposed to 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, or 6.0 g/L of NaClO3 for 105 days. Thyroid tissues were processed by routine methods for light microscopic examination, and follicular cell hyperplasia was diagnosed using a novel method. Thyroid hormone levels were altered significantly after 4 and 21 days. NaClO, treatment induced a concentration-dependent increase in the incidence and severity of thyroid follicular cell hyperplasia. Male rats are more sensitive to the effects of NaClO3 treatment than females. Follicular cell hyperplasia was not present in male or female B6C3F1 mice. These data can be used to estimate the human health risk that would be associated with using ClO2, rather than chlorine, to disinfect drinking water. JF - Toxicologic pathology AU - Hooth, M J AU - Deangelo, A B AU - George, M H AU - Gaillard, E T AU - Travlos, G S AU - Boorman, G A AU - Wolf, D C AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. PY - 2001 SP - 250 EP - 259 VL - 29 IS - 2 SN - 0192-6233, 0192-6233 KW - Chlorates KW - 0 KW - Triiodothyronine KW - 06LU7C9H1V KW - Thyrotropin KW - 9002-71-5 KW - Thyroxine KW - Q51BO43MG4 KW - sodium chlorate KW - T95DR77GMR KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Hyperplasia -- pathology KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Hyperplasia -- chemically induced KW - Triiodothyronine -- blood KW - Thyrotropin -- blood KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Water Supply KW - Thyroxine -- blood KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Female KW - Chlorates -- toxicity KW - Thyroid Gland -- drug effects KW - Thyroid Gland -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70951416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicologic+pathology&rft.atitle=Subchronic+sodium+chlorate+exposure+in+drinking+water+results+in+a+concentration-dependent+increase+in+rat+thyroid+follicular+cell+hyperplasia.&rft.au=Hooth%2C+M+J%3BDeangelo%2C+A+B%3BGeorge%2C+M+H%3BGaillard%2C+E+T%3BTravlos%2C+G+S%3BBoorman%2C+G+A%3BWolf%2C+D+C&rft.aulast=Hooth&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=250&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicologic+pathology&rft.issn=01926233&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-04 N1 - Date created - 2001-06-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Particulate matter and heart rate variability among elderly retirees: the Baltimore 1998 PM study. AN - 70935096; 11409004 AB - This study investigates the relationship between ambient fine particle pollution and impaired cardiac autonomic control in the elderly. Heart rate variability (HRV) among 56 elderly (mean age 82) nonsmoking residents of a retirement center in Baltimore County, Maryland, was monitored for 4 weeks, from July 27 through August 22, 1998. The weather was seasonally mild (63-84 degrees F mean daily temperature) with low to moderate levels of fine particles (PM2.5 < 50 micrograms/m3). Two groups of approximately 30 subjects were examined on alternate days. A spline mixed-effects model revealed a negative relationship between outdoor 24-h average fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and high-frequency (HF) HRV that was consistent with our earlier Baltimore study for all but 2 days. These 2 days were the only days with significant precipitation in combination with elevated PM2.5. They were also unusual in that back-trajectory of their air masses was distinctly different from those on the other study days, emanating from the direction of rural Pennsylvania. Mixed-effects analysis for all 24 study days showed a small negative association of outdoor PM2.5 with HF HRV (-0.03 change in log[HF HRV] for a 10 micrograms/m3 increment in PM2.5) after adjustment for age, sex, cardiovascular status, trend, maximum temperature, average dew point temperature, random subject intercepts, and autocorrelated residuals. After excluding study days 4 and 5, this association was strengthened (-0.07 change in log[HF HRV] for 10 micrograms/m3 PM2.5, 95% CI -0.13 to -0.02) and was similar to that obtained in an earlier study (-0.12 change in log[HF HRV] for a 10 micrograms/m3 increment in outdoor PM2.5, 95% CI -0.24 to -0.00) [Liao D., Cai J., Rosamond W.D., Barnes R.W., Hutchinson R.G., Whitsel E.A., Rautaharju P., and Heiss G. Cardiac autonomic function and incident coronary heart disease: a population-based case-cohort study. The ARIC Study. Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Am J Epidemiol 1997: 145 (8): 696-706]. Acute (1 to 4 h) previous PM2.5 exposure did not have a stronger impact than the 24-h measure. A distributed lag model incorporating the six preceding 4-h means also did not indicate any effect greater than that observed in the 24-h measure. This study is consistent with earlier findings that exposures to PM2.5 are associated with decreased HRV in the elderly. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Creason, J AU - Neas, L AU - Walsh, D AU - Williams, R AU - Sheldon, L AU - Liao, D AU - Shy, C AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. creason.john@epa.gov PY - 2001 SP - 116 EP - 122 VL - 11 IS - 2 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Housing for the Elderly KW - Particle Size KW - Humans KW - Seasons KW - Temperature KW - Aged KW - Air Movements KW - Male KW - Female KW - Heart Rate KW - Autonomic Nervous System -- physiology KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70935096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Particulate+matter+and+heart+rate+variability+among+elderly+retirees%3A+the+Baltimore+1998+PM+study.&rft.au=Creason%2C+J%3BNeas%2C+L%3BWalsh%2C+D%3BWilliams%2C+R%3BSheldon%2C+L%3BLiao%2C+D%3BShy%2C+C&rft.aulast=Creason&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=116&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-10-25 N1 - Date created - 2001-06-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chronic toxicity of 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene in Fischer 344 rats. AN - 70848146; 11354467 AB - The chronic toxicity of 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TNB) in male and female Fischer 344 (F344) rats was evaluated by feeding a diet containing 0, 5, 60, and 300 ppm of TNB for 2 years. The calculated average TNB intake over 2 years for males and females was 0.22, 2.64, 13.44 and 0.23, 2.68, 13.31 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day respectively. Terminal body weights were decreased and water intake was increased in both sexes (300 ppm), whereas food consumption was decreased in males (60 and 300 ppm groups) only. The relative spleen weights were significantly decreased in both sexes (300 ppm), whereas the relative brain weights were increased in females only (300 ppm). Hematological effects were not observed in animals killed at the 2-year time point, except significant decrease in the mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) in males (300 ppm) and in females (60 and 300 ppm). Methemoglobin levels were increased in both sexes in the high dose group. Histopathological examination showed treatment-related changes in the kidney (hyaline droplets; 60 and 300 ppm) and the spleen (erythroid cell hyperplasia and pigment deposition; 300 ppm) of both sexes. Cytoplasmic hyaline droplets in the kidneys were characterized by immunohistochemistry as alpha-2mu-globulin. We propose a chronic, oral no-observable-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of 2.68 mg/kg BW/day for TNB in the rat, based on the hematological and renal changes. JF - International journal of toxicology AU - Reddy, T V AU - Olson, G R AU - Wiechman, B AU - Reddy, G AU - Torsella, J A AU - Daniel, F B AU - Leach, G J AD - National Exposure Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. PY - 2001 SP - 59 EP - 67 VL - 20 IS - 2 SN - 1091-5818, 1091-5818 KW - Alpha-Globulins KW - 0 KW - Trinitrobenzenes KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - alpha 2u globulin KW - sym-trinitrobenzene KW - 2H75703R1X KW - Methemoglobin KW - 9008-37-1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Eating -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Erythrocyte Indices -- drug effects KW - Methemoglobin -- drug effects KW - Kidney Cortex -- pathology KW - Spleen -- pathology KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Kidney Cortex -- drug effects KW - No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level KW - Drinking -- drug effects KW - Brain -- pathology KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Diet KW - Spleen -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- administration & dosage KW - Trinitrobenzenes -- toxicity KW - Trinitrobenzenes -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70848146?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+toxicology&rft.atitle=Chronic+toxicity+of+1%2C3%2C5-trinitrobenzene+in+Fischer+344+rats.&rft.au=Reddy%2C+T+V%3BOlson%2C+G+R%3BWiechman%2C+B%3BReddy%2C+G%3BTorsella%2C+J+A%3BDaniel%2C+F+B%3BLeach%2C+G+J&rft.aulast=Reddy&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+toxicology&rft.issn=10915818&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-09-27 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationships among total lipid, lipid classes, and polychlorinated biphenyl concentrations in two indigenous populations of ribbed mussels (Geukensia demissa) over an annual cycle. AN - 70839796; 11349859 AB - Two indigenous ribbed mussel (Geukensia demissa) populations were sampled approximately every four weeks during 1997 to investigate the relationships among concentrations of total lipid, lipid classes, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). One population was located in a highly contaminated area near a Superfund site (New Bedford Harbor, MA, USA), while the other population was located at a relatively clean site (West Island, Fairhaven, MA, USA). Mussel tissue total PCB concentrations (quantified as the sum of 18 congeners) from the contaminated site were two orders of magnitude greater than those at the clean site. Total lipid and triacylglycerol (TG) also were higher at the contaminated site. No significant relationship (p > 0.05) was observed between total PCBs and total lipid at either location; however, the correlations at both sites increased when total PCBs were compared with total TG or, to a lesser extent, total nonpolar lipid. Principal component analysis and linear discriminatory analysis indicated that the two mussel populations could be distinguished by the proportions of their lipid classes, particularly the concentration of nonpolar lipids, which consisted mainly of TG. These results suggest that the standard method of normalizing organism PCB concentrations to total lipid may not be appropriate as a routine practice, especially when the organism has a relatively low total lipid content (<6% dry wt in this study). JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Bergen, B J AU - Nelson, W G AU - Quinn, J G AU - Jayaraman, S AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, NHEERL, Atlantic Ecology Division, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882, USA. bergen.barbara@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2001/03// PY - 2001 DA - March 2001 SP - 575 EP - 581 VL - 20 IS - 3 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Lipids KW - 0 KW - Phosphatidylethanolamines KW - Triglycerides KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Phosphatidylethanolamines -- metabolism KW - Massachusetts KW - Triglycerides -- metabolism KW - Seasons KW - Multivariate Analysis KW - Lipids -- classification KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- pharmacology KW - Bivalvia -- metabolism KW - Lipid Metabolism KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70839796?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=Relationships+among+total+lipid%2C+lipid+classes%2C+and+polychlorinated+biphenyl+concentrations+in+two+indigenous+populations+of+ribbed+mussels+%28Geukensia+demissa%29+over+an+annual+cycle.&rft.au=Bergen%2C+B+J%3BNelson%2C+W+G%3BQuinn%2C+J+G%3BJayaraman%2C+S&rft.aulast=Bergen&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=575&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-06-07 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On-site mercury analysis of soil at hazardous waste sites by immunoassay and ASV AN - 52247300; 2001-028395 AB - Two field methods for Hg, immunoassay and anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV), that can provide onsite results for quick decisions at hazardous waste sites were evaluated. Each method was applied to samples from two Superfund sites that contain high levels of Hg; Sulphur Bank Mercury Mine site, Clear Lake, California, and Carson River Mercury site, Nevada. Two laboratory methods were used for comparison purposes; cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectrometry (CVAFS) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The immunoassay was found to be accurate for high and low Hg concentrations compared to the 5 and 15 mu g/g soil sample standards provided with it. Despite poor agreement between immunoassay and confirmatory analysis results at concentrations near the comparison standards, the immunoassay could be used as an effective screening method provided care is taken in identifying an operational screening level. The ASV method had an analytical range of 1-50 mu g/g, with a CV of 15%. ASV results were comparable to CVAFS (CV = 15%) and more precise than ICP-MS (CV = 20%). The lower limit of quantitative results was 3 mu g/g for field samples, and is attributed to uncertainty associated with sampling. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Gerlach, Robert W AU - Gustin, Mae Sexauer AU - van Emon, Jeanette M Y1 - 2001/03// PY - 2001 DA - March 2001 SP - 281 EP - 290 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York-Beijing VL - 16 IS - 3 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - Clear Lake KW - characterization KW - waste disposal sites KW - mass spectra KW - remediation KW - California KW - Sulphur Bank Mine KW - sampling KW - immunoassays KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - spectra KW - Nevada KW - mercury KW - soils KW - mercury ores KW - experimental studies KW - voltammetry KW - Superfund KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - cost KW - Carson River KW - correlation coefficient KW - metals KW - classification KW - metal ores KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52247300?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=On-site+mercury+analysis+of+soil+at+hazardous+waste+sites+by+immunoassay+and+ASV&rft.au=Gerlach%2C+Robert+W%3BGustin%2C+Mae+Sexauer%3Bvan+Emon%2C+Jeanette+M&rft.aulast=Gerlach&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=281&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0883-2927%2800%2900040-8 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08832927 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; Carson River; characterization; classification; Clear Lake; correlation coefficient; cost; decision-making; experimental studies; field studies; hazardous waste; immunoassays; mass spectra; mercury; mercury ores; metal ores; metals; Nevada; pollution; remediation; sampling; soils; spectra; statistical analysis; Sulphur Bank Mine; Superfund; United States; voltammetry; waste disposal sites; X-ray fluorescence spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0883-2927(00)00040-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Empower students to positively impact their environment with Groundwater Guardian AN - 52134972; 2002-021594 AB - The Groundwater Guardian program is a national community based effort to educate the public about groundwater-our hidden resource. In Charlotte we are growing exponentially with continuous loss of greenspace and clean water. Our community has a high concentration of homes obtaining water from wells, so the local EPA targeted our area. In this program, my students have the opportunity to apply their learning and to educate others. They work with the Mint Hill town manager, the Mint Hill Better Business Assocation, and several local elementary schools to put on a Water Festival for elementary students and their parents. The high school students do the fundraising, planning, publicity, implementation, and evaluation of the program. We require each elementary student who attends to bring an adult, and the high school students love educating the adults. The high school students design many hands-on, minds-on activities that cover the chemical, physical, biological, and geological properties of water. They have done such a great job that the group has won national recognition for their work, and several students have won scholarships. Many of the graduates are now majoring in geology, environmental engineering or policy, and hydrogeology because of this experience. Most of them rated this experience as the high light of their high school career. This project allowed them to become experts on a topic related to groundwater, to provide a community service to their neighborhood, and to serve as positive role models for the elementary students. This is what real education is all about-empowering students to make their world a better place to live! JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Moss, Cindy Y AU - Corbitt, Lisa AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/03// PY - 2001 DA - March 2001 SP - 28 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 33 IS - 2 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - North America KW - high school KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - Appalachians KW - education KW - ground water KW - Groundwater Guardian KW - geology KW - computer programs KW - educational resources KW - K-12 education KW - North Carolina KW - curricula KW - applications KW - Piedmont KW - Mecklenburg County North Carolina KW - 15:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52134972?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Empower+students+to+positively+impact+their+environment+with+Groundwater+Guardian&rft.au=Moss%2C+Cindy+Y%3BCorbitt%2C+Lisa%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moss&rft.aufirst=Cindy&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=28&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Southeastern Section, 50th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Appalachians; applications; computer programs; curricula; data processing; education; educational resources; geology; ground water; Groundwater Guardian; high school; K-12 education; Mecklenburg County North Carolina; North America; North Carolina; Piedmont; pollution; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Arsenic in bedrock and bedrock ground water in north central Massachusetts AN - 52076761; 2002-059553 AB - Two public water supply wells, located within the Merrimack Belt, North Central Massachusetts, have arsenic concentrations at levels of 20 to 30 ppb. New monitoring wells were installed to gain additional data about the origin and pathways of arsenic within this aquifer. Arsenic in filtered water samples taken at five-foot intervals show an interesting up-and-down-and-up pattern with depth. Arsenic levels first increase up to a maximum of 189 ppb with a concurrent decrease in oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) to -145 mV. With further depth, arsenic decreases sharply while ORP increases. In two monitoring wells that reached the bedrock, water is once again reducing and arsenic levels are slightly in excess of 100 ppb. There is also a pattern of increasing arsenic in bedrock waters after the installation of the wells. During this time arsenic increased from 44 ppb to 139 ppb which suggests that the bedrock is the source of arsenic contamination for bedrock waters. This study presents results of microscopic and microprobe analyses on bedrock samples recovered from two monitoring wells at the study site. Whole rock analysis of the bedrock samples yields 25 and 11ppm of arsenic respectively. Electron microprobe study shows a progressive oxidation of sulfide minerals and that weathering of arsenic-bearing sulfides may be the possible source of arsenic. However, arsenic in pyrites is highly variable ranging from below detection at approximately 400 ppm to 2646 ppm, considered to low to explain observed arsenic levels in bedrock waters. A detailed scanning of two polished sections with the most abundant sulfides revealed a presence of another sulfide mineral not previously recognized in these samples. The newly identified sulfide contains up to 49 wt% arsenic, 17 to 24 wt% Co, 5 to 8 wt% Ni, and 5 to 8 wt% Fe. The atomic ratio of (Co, Fe, Ni) to As and S is consistent with the stoichiometric formula of cobaltite. We suggests that cobaltite may be an important source of arsenic in the bedrock. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Hon, Rudolph AU - McTigue, Dave AU - Stein, Carol AU - Brandon, William C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/03// PY - 2001 DA - March 2001 SP - 61 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 33 IS - 1 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - bedrock KW - water supply KW - patterns KW - cobalt KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - observation wells KW - iron KW - ground water KW - electron probe data KW - aquifers KW - north-central Massachusetts KW - Merrimack Belt KW - whole rock KW - Massachusetts KW - metals KW - nickel KW - water wells KW - water pollution KW - stoichiometry KW - Eh KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52076761?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Arsenic+in+bedrock+and+bedrock+ground+water+in+north+central+Massachusetts&rft.au=Hon%2C+Rudolph%3BMcTigue%2C+Dave%3BStein%2C+Carol%3BBrandon%2C+William+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hon&rft.aufirst=Rudolph&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 36th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; arsenic; bedrock; cobalt; Eh; electron probe data; ground water; iron; Massachusetts; Merrimack Belt; metals; nickel; north-central Massachusetts; observation wells; patterns; pollution; stoichiometry; United States; water pollution; water supply; water wells; whole rock ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of organic amendments on the accumulation of (super 137) Cs and (super 90) Sr from contaminated soil by three grass species AN - 51990959; 2003-038038 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Entry, James A AU - Watrud, Lidia S AU - Reeves, Mark Y1 - 2001/03// PY - 2001 DA - March 2001 SP - 385 EP - 398 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 126 IS - 3-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - United States KW - Sr-90 KW - isotopes KW - moisture KW - remediation KW - bioaccumulation KW - radioactive fallout KW - grasses KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - Tennessee KW - phytoremediation KW - activity KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - alkaline earth metals KW - pollutants KW - alkali metals KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - Cs-137 KW - metals KW - nuclear facilities KW - strontium KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51990959?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Influence+of+organic+amendments+on+the+accumulation+of+%28super+137%29+Cs+and+%28super+90%29+Sr+from+contaminated+soil+by+three+grass+species&rft.au=Entry%2C+James+A%3BWatrud%2C+Lidia+S%3BReeves%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Entry&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=126&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=385&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - activity; alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; bioaccumulation; bioremediation; cesium; Cs-137; grasses; isotopes; metals; moisture; nuclear facilities; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; phytoremediation; pollutants; pollution; radioactive fallout; radioactive isotopes; remediation; soil treatment; soils; Sr-90; strontium; Tennessee; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative analysis of black carbon in soils AN - 50155490; 2001-049422 AB - Black carbon (BC), produced by incomplete combustion of fossil fuels and vegetation, occurs ubiquitously in soils and sediments. BC exists as a continuum from partly charred material to highly graphitized soot particles, with no general agreement on clear-cut boundaries of definition or analysis. In a comparative analysis, we measured BC forms in eight soil samples by six established methods. All methods involved removal of the non-BC components from the sample by thermal or chemical means or a combination of both. The remaining carbon, operationally defined as BC, was quantified via mass balance, elemental composition or by exploiting benzenecarboxylic acids as molecular markers or applying (super 13) C MAS NMR (magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopy. BC concentrations measured for individual samples vary over 2 orders of magnitude (up to a factor of 571). One possible explanation for this wide range of results is that the individual BC methods rely on operational definitions with clear-cut but different boundaries and developed for specific scientific questions, whereas BC represents a continuum of materials with widely contrasting physicochemical properties. Thus the methods are inherently designed to analytically determine different parts of the continuum, and it is crucial to know how measurements made by different techniques relate to each other. It is clear from this preliminary comparative analysis that a collection of BC reference materials should be established as soon as possible 1 ) to ensure long-term intralaboratory and interlaboratory data quality and 2) to facilitate comparative analyses between different analytical techniques and scientific approaches Copyright 2001 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Global Biogeochemical Cycles AU - Schmidt, Michael W I AU - Skjemstad, Jan O AU - Czimczik, Claudia I AU - Glaser, Bruno AU - Prentice, Ken M AU - Gelinas, Yves AU - Kuhlbusch, Thomas A J Y1 - 2001/03// PY - 2001 DA - March 2001 SP - 163 EP - 167 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 0886-6236, 0886-6236 KW - Oxisols KW - methods KW - Vertisols KW - Kimba Australia KW - methods comparison KW - NMR spectra KW - laboratory studies KW - black carbon KW - mass balance KW - carbon KW - Queensland Australia KW - sediments KW - Gumeracha Australia KW - Australia KW - applications KW - spectra KW - nuclear magnetic resonance KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - chemical analysis KW - acids KW - Australasia KW - Adelaide Australia KW - oxidation KW - standardization KW - mass spectroscopy KW - MAS NMR spectra KW - Alfisols KW - thermal analysis KW - Toowoomba Australia KW - Chinchilla Australia KW - spectroscopy KW - South Australia KW - Mollisols KW - Tallagalla Australia KW - 25:Soils KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50155490?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.atitle=Comparative+analysis+of+black+carbon+in+soils&rft.au=Schmidt%2C+Michael+W+I%3BSkjemstad%2C+Jan+O%3BCzimczik%2C+Claudia+I%3BGlaser%2C+Bruno%3BPrentice%2C+Ken+M%3BGelinas%2C+Yves%3BKuhlbusch%2C+Thomas+A+J&rft.aulast=Schmidt&rft.aufirst=Michael+W&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.issn=08866236&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2000GB001284 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gb/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acids; Adelaide Australia; Alfisols; applications; Australasia; Australia; black carbon; carbon; chemical analysis; Chinchilla Australia; experimental studies; Gumeracha Australia; Kimba Australia; laboratory studies; MAS NMR spectra; mass balance; mass spectroscopy; methods; methods comparison; Mollisols; NMR spectra; nuclear magnetic resonance; oxidation; Oxisols; Queensland Australia; sediments; soils; South Australia; spectra; spectroscopy; standardization; Tallagalla Australia; thermal analysis; Toowoomba Australia; Vertisols DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000GB001284 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Blue wild-rye grass competition increases the effect of ozone on ponderosa pine seedlings AN - 18197741; 5237692 AB - Individual ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.) seedlings were grown in mesocosms with three densities of blue wild-rye grass (Elymus glaucus Buckl.) (equivalent to 0, 32 or 88 plants m super(-2)) to determine if the presence of a natural competitor alters the response of ponderosa pine seedlings to ozone. After 3 years of ozone exposure, grass presence reduced total ponderosa pine dry mass by nearly 50%, whereas ozone alone had no significant effect on ponderosa pine growth. The combination of ozone and grass further reduced needle, stem and branch dry mass significantly below that induced by grass competition alone. Root:shoot ratios increased in response to the combined grass and ozone treatments. Grass competition significantly reduced soluble sugar concentrations in all ponderosa pine tissue components examined. Starch concentrations were highly variable but did not differ significantly between treatments. Ozone significantly reduced soluble sugar concentrations in fine roots and stems. In the absence of grass, ozone-treated seedlings tended to have higher tissue N concentrations than controls. In the presence of grass, ozone-treated seedlings had lower N concentrations than controls, resulting in a significant interaction between these two stresses in 1- and 2-year-old needles. Needle C:N ratios decreased in response to grass competition, as a result of increased N concentration and no change in C concentration. The opposite response was observed in ozone-treated seedlings as a result of decreased N concentrations, indicating that ozone-treated seedlings were unable to take up or retain as much nitrogen when grown in the presence of grass. We conclude that ponderosa pine seedlings are more susceptible to ozone when grown in competition with blue wild-rye grass. JF - Tree Physiology AU - Andersen, C P AU - Hogsett, W E AU - Plocher, M AU - Rodecap, K AU - Lee, E H AD - US EPA, Western Ecology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, 200 SW 35th Street, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 2001/03// PY - 2001 DA - Mar 2001 SP - 319 EP - 327 VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0829-318X, 0829-318X KW - Ponderosa Pine KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Growth KW - Pinus ponderosa KW - Environmental stress KW - Climatic conditions KW - Competition KW - Mesocosms KW - Elymus glaucus KW - Ozone KW - D 04635:Conifers UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18197741?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tree+Physiology&rft.atitle=Blue+wild-rye+grass+competition+increases+the+effect+of+ozone+on+ponderosa+pine+seedlings&rft.au=Andersen%2C+C+P%3BHogsett%2C+W+E%3BPlocher%2C+M%3BRodecap%2C+K%3BLee%2C+E+H&rft.aulast=Andersen&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Tree+Physiology&rft.issn=0829318X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pinus ponderosa; Elymus glaucus; Ozone; Competition; Environmental stress; Climatic conditions; Growth; Mesocosms ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of Carbamate, Urea, and Thiourea Pesticides and Herbicides in Water AN - 18173502; 5124846 AB - Microbore liquid chromatography and positive ion electrospray mass spectrometry are applied to the determination of 16 carbamate, urea, and thiourea pesticides and herbicides in water. The electrospray mass spectra of the analytes were measured and are discussed and mobile-phase matrix effects were evaluated. Analyte positive ion abundances are generally inversely related to the concentration of acetic acid in the acetonitrile-water mobile phase in the range of 0.001-0.1% (v/v) acetic acid. Using an internal standard for quantitative analyses and no acid in the mobile phase, retention time precision, peak width precision, concentration measurement precision, mean recoveries, and instrument detection limits were determined in reagent water. The 16 analytes were also measured in fortified environmental water samples from a recreational lake, a groundwater well, a cistern, a farm pond, and drinking water. These measurements were at 5 ng/mL of each analyte, which is within the range expected for environmental pesticide and herbicide contaminants. The analytes were separated from the environmental water matrixes with an on-line extraction and concentration to provide rapid sample analyses without a slow off-line liquid-liquid or liquid-solid-liquid extraction and extract concentration. Recoveries of 12 of the analytes from 4 environmental water samples were in the range of 75-124% with relative standard deviations in the range of 11-16%. JF - Analytical Chemistry (Washington) AU - Wang, Nan AU - Budde, W L AD - Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, 26 West Martin L. King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA, Budde.William@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/03// PY - 2001 DA - Mar 2001 SP - 997 EP - 1006 VL - 73 IS - 5 SN - 0003-2700, 0003-2700 KW - carbamate compounds KW - thiourea KW - urea KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Pollutant Identification KW - Water Pollution KW - Mass Spectrometry KW - Pollution detection KW - Pesticides (see also Bactericides, Weedkillers) KW - Water Sampling KW - Chemical Analysis KW - Mass spectrometry KW - Urea KW - Herbicides KW - Water pollution KW - Liquid chromatography KW - Pesticides KW - Carbamates KW - Spectrometry (Mass) KW - Water quality (Natural waters) KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18173502?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.atitle=Determination+of+Carbamate%2C+Urea%2C+and+Thiourea+Pesticides+and+Herbicides+in+Water&rft.au=Wang%2C+Nan%3BBudde%2C+W+L&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Nan&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=997&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.issn=00032700&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fac0010734 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution detection; Liquid chromatography; Pesticides; Mass spectrometry; Herbicides; Water pollution; Pesticides (see also Bactericides, Weedkillers); Carbamates; Urea; Spectrometry (Mass); Water quality (Natural waters); Pollutant Identification; Mass Spectrometry; Water Pollution; Water Sampling; Chemical Analysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac0010734 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Passive Ozone Network of Dallas: A Modeling Opportunity with Community Involvement. 1 AN - 18081401; 5126868 AB - Despite tremendous efforts toward regulating and controlling tropospheric ozone (O sub(3)) formation, a large portion of the U.S. population presently lives in environments where air quality exceeds both 1- and 8-h National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) set for O sub(3). High O sub(3) concentrations annually cost the United States billions of dollars in excessive human health costs, reduced crop yields, and ecological damage. This paper describes a regional networking of O sub(3) monitoring sites, operated by the public, that used simplified passive sampling devices (PSDs). In collaboration with EPA Region 6, a lay network (i.e., Passive Ozone Network of Dallas, acronym POND), consisting of 30 PSD sites in the Dallas - Fort Worth (DFW) Metroplex, a region representing 16 counties, successfully measured daily ozone during 8 weeks of the 1998 high ozone season. It was demonstrated that the concerned public, when properly trained, could successfully operate a large PSD network that requires daily sample handling and weekly mailing procedures, even from remote sites. Data treatment of the 2880 POND measurements included (i) high correlations with collocated continuous monitoring data [r range = 0.95-0.97], (ii) daily O sub(3) contour mapping of the 24 000 km super(2) area, and (iii) a ranking of O sub(3) severity in 12 peri-urban counties for guidance in siting additional monitors. With a new 8-h NAAQS standard now in place, a cost-effective network such as POND could aid regional airshed models in generating meaningful guidance for O sub(3) state implementation plans (SIPs) by providing input that is representative of both rural and urban sites. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Varns, J L AU - Mulik, J D AU - Sather, ME AU - Glen, G AU - Smith, L AU - Stallings, C AD - EMMB, National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. EPA Annex, MD-44, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 2001/03/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Mar 01 SP - 845 EP - 855 VL - 35 IS - 5 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Environmental monitoring KW - USA, Texas, Dallas KW - Troposphere KW - Air sampling KW - Mapping KW - Public concern KW - Ozone KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18081401?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Passive+Ozone+Network+of+Dallas%3A+A+Modeling+Opportunity+with+Community+Involvement.+1&rft.au=Varns%2C+J+L%3BMulik%2C+J+D%3BSather%2C+ME%3BGlen%2C+G%3BSmith%2C+L%3BStallings%2C+C&rft.aulast=Varns&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=845&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Texas, Dallas; Ozone; Troposphere; Air sampling; Mapping; Environmental monitoring; Public concern ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vegetation type and the intertidal macroinvertebrate fauna of a brackish marsh: Phragmites vs. Spartina AN - 18078339; 5121123 AB - The responses of tidal marsh macroinvertebrate assemblages to the conversion of Spartina alterniflora marshes to marshes dominated by the invasive reed, Phragmites australis, are poorly understood. Changes in edaphic, vegetative, hydrologic, and detrital conditions that attend conversion to Phragmites should produce changes in the intertidal fauna. We used core sampling (7.8-cm diameter, 4-cm deep) and litter packs to compare the intertidal macroinvertebrate fauna of Phragmites marshes and adjacent remnant Spartina marshes in a brackish reach of the Mullica River (0-17 ppt salinity during the study) in southern New Jersey, USA. Detrital and above-ground vegetative biomass and water velocity were greater in Phragmites marsh; stem density, microtopographic relief, and the density of standing-water microhabitats were greater in Spartina marsh. The intertidal assemblages varied between marsh types. Total macroinvertebrate density was greater in Spartina marsh (97,000 m super(-2)) than in Phragmites marsh (82,000 m super(-2)). Mean taxa richness (number of taxa per core sample) was greater in Spartina marsh (12.4 taxa sample super(-1)) than in Phragmites marsh (9.4 taxa sample super(-1)) and dominance (relative abundance of the three most abundant taxa) was lower. Oligochaeta, Nematoda, and the polychaete, Manayunkia aestuarina, dominated the fauna (>75% of the total abundance) in both marsh types. Of these, oligochaetes were more abundant in Spartina marsh, and nematodes and polychaetes were slightly more abundant in Phragmites marsh. Most common subdominant taxa (100-4,000 super(-2)), including ceratopogonids, chironomids, mites, ostracods, isopods, and gastropods were more abundant in Spartina marsh. Collembolans were more abundant in Phragmites marsh; amphipods were about equally abundant in both marsh types. Invertebrate abundance and assemblage composition varied with distance from the edge of the marsh in both marsh types; overlap in assemblage composition between marsh types was greatest at the edge of the marsh, where more frequent inundation may have moderated the influence of vegetation type on the marsh fauna. For mean taxa richness and for the density of most taxa, the effect of marsh type on density exceeded the effect of season, marsh position, or a local salinity gradient. We consider the greater density of intertidal standing-water microhabitats and probably of microalgal production as important sources of faunal variation between marsh types. Fewer refugia from predators during high tide in Phragmites marsh may also contribute to variation in faunal abundance and community structure between marsh types. Detritus biomass was probably a more important source of spatial variation in the fauna of the Phragmites marsh than in Spartina marsh. JF - Wetlands AU - Angradi, T R AU - Hagan, S M AU - Able, K W AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, 999 18th Street, Suite 500, Denver, CO 80202-2466, USA, angradi.theodore@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/03// PY - 2001 DA - Mar 2001 SP - 75 EP - 92 VL - 21 IS - 1 SN - 0277-5212, 0277-5212 KW - Biting midges KW - Chiggers KW - Gastropods KW - Isopods KW - Midges KW - Mites KW - No-see-ums KW - Ostracods KW - Phragmites KW - Pillbugs KW - Punkies KW - Slugs KW - Snails KW - Sowbugs KW - Ticks KW - USA, New Jersey KW - community composition KW - species diversity KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Chironomidae KW - Population density KW - Macroinvertebrates KW - Ostracoda KW - Isopoda KW - Vegetation cover KW - Brackishwater environment KW - Wetlands KW - Spartina KW - Gastropoda KW - Brackish Water KW - Brackish KW - Vegetation KW - Intertidal Areas KW - Marshes KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Intertidal environment KW - Ceratopogonidae KW - Community composition KW - ANW, USA, New Jersey KW - Salt marshes KW - Acari KW - Introduced species KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - SW 0860:Water and plants KW - Z 05210:Aquatic entomology KW - D 04200:Wetlands UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18078339?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wetlands&rft.atitle=Vegetation+type+and+the+intertidal+macroinvertebrate+fauna+of+a+brackish+marsh%3A+Phragmites+vs.+Spartina&rft.au=Angradi%2C+T+R%3BHagan%2C+S+M%3BAble%2C+K+W&rft.aulast=Angradi&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wetlands&rft.issn=02775212&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vegetation cover; Salt marshes; Population density; Wetlands; Introduced species; Ecosystem disturbance; Intertidal environment; Community composition; Brackishwater environment; Marshes; Brackish Water; Vegetation; Intertidal Areas; Macroinvertebrates; Spartina; Isopoda; Ceratopogonidae; Chironomidae; Phragmites; Gastropoda; Acari; Ostracoda; ANW, USA, New Jersey; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Feasibility Study of the Potential for Human Exposure to Pet-Borne Diazinon Residues Following Lawn Applications AN - 17875393; 5113306 AB - The objectives of this study were 1) to investigate the potential for an indoor/outdoor pet dog to transport and translocate diazinon residues into a residence following a lawn application, 2) to determine if intimate contacts between a pet dog and occupants resulted in measurable exposures, and 3) to determine if a pet dog could be a good indicator of exposure following a lawn application of diazinon. JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Morgan, M K AU - Stout, DM II AU - Wilson, N K AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, MD-56, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 2001/03// PY - 2001 DA - Mar 2001 SP - 295 EP - 300 VL - 66 IS - 3 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - exposure KW - pet transfer KW - lawns KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Pesticides (organophosphorus) KW - Pesticide residues KW - Pets KW - Insecticides KW - Indoor environments KW - Diazinon KW - H 5000:Pesticides KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - X 24133:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17875393?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Feasibility+Study+of+the+Potential+for+Human+Exposure+to+Pet-Borne+Diazinon+Residues+Following+Lawn+Applications&rft.au=Morgan%2C+M+K%3BStout%2C+DM+II%3BWilson%2C+N+K&rft.aulast=Morgan&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=295&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diazinon; Indoor environments; Insecticides; Pesticide residues; Pets; Pesticides (organophosphorus) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rare species in multivariate analysis for bioassessment: some considerations AN - 17860555; 4871876 JF - Journal of the North American Benthological Society AU - Cao, Y AU - Larsen, D P AU - Thorne, R S AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, USEPA, Western Ecology Division, 200 SW 35th Street, Corvallis, Oregon 97333 USA, larsen@mail.cor.epa.gov Y1 - 2001/03// PY - 2001 DA - Mar 2001 SP - 144 EP - 153 VL - 20 IS - 1 SN - 0887-3593, 0887-3593 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts KW - Management KW - Multivariate analysis KW - Nature conservation KW - Ecosystem management KW - Conservation KW - Rare species KW - Models KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - Q1 08382:Ecological techniques and apparatus KW - D 04705:Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17860555?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society&rft.atitle=Rare+species+in+multivariate+analysis+for+bioassessment%3A+some+considerations&rft.au=Cao%2C+Y%3BLarsen%2C+D+P%3BThorne%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Cao&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=144&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society&rft.issn=08873593&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Multivariate analysis; Ecosystem management; Nature conservation; Rare species; Management; Conservation; Models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Residential Proximity to Industrial Sources of Air Pollution: Interrelationships among Race, Poverty, and Age AN - 17843295; 4876616 AB - This study builds on earlier work investigating statistical relationships between sociodemographic characteristics of populations and their residential proximity to industrial sources of air pollution. The analysis uses demographic data from the 1990 U.S. Census and industrial site data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)'s 1990 Toxics Release Inventory (TRI). The focus is on examining interactions among race (African Americans and Whites), poverty (above and below household poverty threshold), and age (children from birth to 5 years of age and elderly people 65 years old or older). Results from three different study areas (Kanawha Valley in West Virginia, the Baton Rouge-New Orleans Corridor in Louisiana, and the greater Baltimore metropolitan area in Maryland) suggest there are important interactions among race, poverty, and age that are likely to have consequential ramifications for efforts aimed at investigating issues related to environmental justice. Our results indicate that a substantial proportion of all demographic groups studied live within a mile of the nearest facility, with values ranging from 22% of Whites above poverty in the Baton Rouge-New Orleans Corridor to 60% of African Americans below poverty in Baltimore. Likewise, a substantial proportion of all demographic groups also live within 2 miles of four or more industrial facilities, with values ranging from 16% for Whites above poverty in the Corridor to 70% for African Americans below poverty in Baltimore. In all three study areas, African Americans were more likely than Whites to (1) live in households with incomes below the household poverty line, (2) have children 5 years of age or younger, (3) live closer to the nearest industrial emissions source, and (4) live within 2 miles of multiple industrial emission sources. Findings indicate that, compared with White children, a substantially higher proportion of African-American children 5 years of age or younger lived in poor households that were located in relatively close proximity to one or more industrial sources of air pollution. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Perlin, SA AU - Wong, D AU - Sexton, K AD - Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 2001/03// PY - 2001 DA - Mar 2001 SP - 406 EP - 421 VL - 51 IS - 3 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - USA, Louisiana, Baton Rouge KW - USA, Maryland, Baltimore KW - USA, West Virginia, Kanawha Valley KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Age KW - Socioeconomics KW - Ethnic groups KW - Air pollution KW - Environmental equity KW - Residential areas KW - Industrial emissions KW - H 3000:Environment and Ecology KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - R2 23100:Sociological factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17843295?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Residential+Proximity+to+Industrial+Sources+of+Air+Pollution%3A+Interrelationships+among+Race%2C+Poverty%2C+and+Age&rft.au=Perlin%2C+SA%3BWong%2C+D%3BSexton%2C+K&rft.aulast=Perlin&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=406&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Industrial emissions; Residential areas; Environmental equity; Socioeconomics; Ethnic groups; Age ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Movement and Deposition of Two Organophosphorus Pesticides within a Residence after Interior and Exterior Applications AN - 17841826; 4876568 AB - Post-application temporal and spatial distributions of two organophosphorus pesticides, diazinon (O,O-diethyl O-[6-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-4-pyrimidinyl] phosphorothioate, CAS No. 333-41-5) and chlorpyrifos [O,O-diethyl-O-(2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinyl) phosphorothioate, CAS No. 2921-88-2], were monitored after homeowner applications for indoor and outdoor insect control. Samples of indoor air, vacuumable carpet dust, carpet dislodgeable residues, deposits on bare floors, table tops and dinnerware, surrogate food, and residues on children's hands and toys were taken before and up to 12 days after treatments in the family room, kitchen, and child's bedroom. Results from the study demonstrate the nature and magnitude of translocation of pesticides from the areas of application to surfaces accessible for human contact and permit comparisons of potential exposures via respiration and dermal contact/oral ingestion. Potential indoor inhalation exposures were estimated to be as high as 0.5 mu g/kg/day for diazinon applied indoors and 0.05 mu g/kg/day for chlorpyrifos applied to the outside perimeter of the house. While ingestion of carpet dust at the rate of 100 mu g/day would have added a maximum of only similar to 0.01 mu g/kg/day to the daily dose, residues found on the children's hands suggest that repeated mouthing could have contributed as much as 1-1.5 mu g/kg/day. These estimates are below the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reference dose for chlorpyrifos, but exceed those for diazinon. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Lewis, R G AU - Fortune, C R AU - Blanchard, F T AU - Camann, DE AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA Y1 - 2001/03// PY - 2001 DA - Mar 2001 SP - 339 EP - 351 VL - 51 IS - 3 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - chlorpyrifos KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Organophosphorus compounds KW - Respiration KW - Indoor air pollution KW - Environmental health KW - Ingestion KW - Dust KW - Insecticides KW - Pesticides KW - Diazinon KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17841826?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Movement+and+Deposition+of+Two+Organophosphorus+Pesticides+within+a+Residence+after+Interior+and+Exterior+Applications&rft.au=Lewis%2C+R+G%3BFortune%2C+C+R%3BBlanchard%2C+F+T%3BCamann%2C+DE&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Organophosphorus compounds; Pesticides; Diazinon; Insecticides; Indoor air pollution; Dust; Environmental health; Ingestion; Respiration ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Altered Serum Sex Steroids and Vitellogenin Induction in Walleye (Stizostedion vitreum) Collected Near a Metropolitan Sewage Treatment Plant AN - 16190713; 5993966 AB - Several recent in situ studies have reported that domestic and mixed domestic/industrial sewage effluents contain one or more natural or anthropogenic estrogenic substances. Those studies examined caged or feral fish for the presence of the egg yolk precursor protein, vitellogenin (VTG), in the blood of male fish. We have previously reported that male, feral carp (Cyprinus carpio) obtained from the effluent channel of a major sewage treatment plant (STP) exhibited depressed serum testosterone (T) concentrations, as well as detectable levels of VTG. The present study examines male and female walleye (Stizostedion vitreum), a native species with a different life history and feeding habits, collected from the same Mississippi River locations below the St. Paul metropolitan STP. All male and female walleye collected from the effluent channel contained measurable levels of VTG in their blood. Males from that location also exhibited depressed serum T concentrations and elevated serum estradiol-17# (E2) concentrations compared with males from the Snake River reference site. Males obtained from Mississippi River Navigational Pool #2 (MRP-2), 3-20 miles downstream of the STP also exhibited reduced serum T concentrations, but showed no alterations in E2 concentrations or the presence of VTG in the serum. Females collected at the STP site had greatly elevated serum E2 concentrations, but serum T concentrations were not different from females collected in the Snake River. Our results demonstrate that the St. Paul metropolitan STP continues to release an estrogenic effluent, capable of inducing VTG production and altering normal serum sex steroid concentrations in a commercially valuable, native fish, the walleye. Additional studies will be required to determine whether these observations portend long-term population level effects. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Folmar, L C AU - Denslow, N D AU - Kroll, K AU - Orlando, E F AU - Enblom, J AU - Marcino, J AU - Metcalfe, C AU - Guillette, LJ Jr AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561, USA Y1 - 2001/03// PY - 2001 DA - Mar 2001 SP - 392 EP - 398 VL - 40 IS - 3 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Walleye KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Fish (Percoid) KW - Contamination KW - Domestic Wastes KW - Pools KW - Pollution effects KW - Sewage treatment plants KW - Sex hormones KW - Pollutants KW - Downstream KW - Rivers KW - USA, Snake R. KW - Wastewater Facilities KW - Stizostedion vitreum KW - Effluents KW - USA, Minnesota KW - Water pollution KW - Blood levels KW - Channels KW - Blood KW - North America, Mississippi R. KW - Carp KW - Cyprinus carpio KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Vitellogenin KW - walleye KW - Proteins KW - Test Wells KW - estrogens KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - X 24156:Environmental impact KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16190713?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Altered+Serum+Sex+Steroids+and+Vitellogenin+Induction+in+Walleye+%28Stizostedion+vitreum%29+Collected+Near+a+Metropolitan+Sewage+Treatment+Plant&rft.au=Folmar%2C+L+C%3BDenslow%2C+N+D%3BKroll%2C+K%3BOrlando%2C+E+F%3BEnblom%2C+J%3BMarcino%2C+J%3BMetcalfe%2C+C%3BGuillette%2C+LJ+Jr&rft.aulast=Folmar&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=392&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs002440010188 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollutants; Vitellogenin; Sewage treatment plants; Water pollution; Sex hormones; Proteins; Pollution effects; Effluents; Blood levels; estrogens; Rivers; Wastewater Facilities; Fish (Percoid); Contamination; Pools; Domestic Wastes; Channels; Blood; Carp; Water Pollution Effects; Downstream; Test Wells; walleye; Cyprinus carpio; Stizostedion vitreum; USA, Snake R.; North America, Mississippi R.; USA, Minnesota DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002440010188 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Transport and exposure of potential biological particulate matter AN - 39415538; 3578806 AU - Menetrez, MY AU - Foarde, K K AU - Ensor, D S Y1 - 2001/02/26/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 26 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39415538?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Transport+and+exposure+of+potential+biological+particulate+matter&rft.au=Menetrez%2C+MY%3BFoarde%2C+K+K%3BEnsor%2C+D+S&rft.aulast=Menetrez&rft.aufirst=MY&rft.date=2001-02-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: International Society for Exposure Analysis, 1330 Kemper Meadow Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45240, USA; phone: 513-742-2227; fax: 513-742-3355; email: mail@aaar.org; URL: http://isam.org. Poster Paper No. 11PA10 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Supporting the data needs of the coastal community II - Hurricane floyd post-event AN - 39369506; 3580422 AU - LeDuc, S Y1 - 2001/02/26/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 26 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39369506?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Supporting+the+data+needs+of+the+coastal+community+II+-+Hurricane+floyd+post-event&rft.au=LeDuc%2C+S&rft.aulast=LeDuc&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-02-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St., Boston, MA 02108-3693, USA; URL: www.ametsoc.org. Paper No. 11.3 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - FQPA science policies - 10X safety factor, aggregate risk AN - 39368558; 3576456 AU - Gesalman, CM Y1 - 2001/02/26/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 26 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39368558?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=FQPA+science+policies+-+10X+safety+factor%2C+aggregate+risk&rft.au=Gesalman%2C+CM&rft.aulast=Gesalman&rft.aufirst=CM&rft.date=2001-02-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road, St. Paul, MN 55121-2097, USA N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Theoretical analyses of particle deposition in human lungs: A five-lobe multipath model AN - 39365517; 3578702 AU - Kim, C S AU - Goo, J Y1 - 2001/02/26/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 26 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39365517?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Theoretical+analyses+of+particle+deposition+in+human+lungs%3A+A+five-lobe+multipath+model&rft.au=Kim%2C+C+S%3BGoo%2C+J&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-02-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: International Society for Exposure Analysis, 1330 Kemper Meadow Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45240, USA; phone: 513-742-2227; fax: 513-742-3355; email: mail@aaar.org; URL: http://isam.org. Paper No. 6A2 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Measured penetration of fine particles into an unoccupied house AN - 39361651; 3578923 AU - Mosley, R B AU - Greenwell, D J Y1 - 2001/02/26/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 26 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39361651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Measured+penetration+of+fine+particles+into+an+unoccupied+house&rft.au=Mosley%2C+R+B%3BGreenwell%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Mosley&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-02-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: International Society for Exposure Analysis, 1330 Kemper Meadow Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45240, USA; phone: 513-742-2227; fax: 513-742-3355; email: mail@aaar.org; URL: http://isam.org. Paper No. 13A2 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Progress in community-based environmental protection AN - 39341385; 3566889 AU - Galloway, W Y1 - 2001/02/26/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 26 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39341385?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Progress+in+community-based+environmental+protection&rft.au=Galloway%2C+W&rft.aulast=Galloway&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2001-02-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Sybertooth Inc. Informatics and Information Services, 59 Salem Street, Sackville, New Brunswick, Canada E4L 4J6; phone: (506) 364-10943; fax: (506) 536-2949; URL: http://www.sybertooth.ca N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Determination of particle deposition rates for cooking and other indoor sources AN - 39338737; 3578781 AU - Howard-Reed, C AU - Wallace, L AU - Emmerich, S J Y1 - 2001/02/26/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 26 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39338737?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Determination+of+particle+deposition+rates+for+cooking+and+other+indoor+sources&rft.au=Howard-Reed%2C+C%3BWallace%2C+L%3BEmmerich%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Howard-Reed&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-02-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: International Society for Exposure Analysis, 1330 Kemper Meadow Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45240, USA; phone: 513-742-2227; fax: 513-742-3355; email: mail@aaar.org; URL: http://isam.org. Paper No. 10A5 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - 3-D simulations of morphology, flow and particle motion in human airways AN - 39318291; 3578683 AU - Martonen, T AU - Zhang, Z AU - Yu, G AU - Musante, C Y1 - 2001/02/26/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 26 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39318291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=3-D+simulations+of+morphology%2C+flow+and+particle+motion+in+human+airways&rft.au=Martonen%2C+T%3BZhang%2C+Z%3BYu%2C+G%3BMusante%2C+C&rft.aulast=Martonen&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-02-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: International Society for Exposure Analysis, 1330 Kemper Meadow Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45240, USA; phone: 513-742-2227; fax: 513-742-3355; email: mail@aaar.org; URL: http://isam.org. Paper No. 5A2 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - New federal support for priority watershed management needs AN - 39306676; 3565425 AU - Ogg, C AU - Keith, G Y1 - 2001/02/26/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 26 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39306676?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=New+federal+support+for+priority+watershed+management+needs&rft.au=Ogg%2C+C%3BKeith%2C+G&rft.aulast=Ogg&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-02-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg VA, 24061, USA; phone: 540 231 5265; fax: 540 231 7417; email: http://www.conted.vt.edu/watershed.htm; URL: http://www.conted.vt.edu/watershed.htm N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Estimation of pesticide spray drift deposition: Implications for non-target plants AN - 39305404; 3576122 AU - Birchfield, N Y1 - 2001/02/26/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 26 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39305404?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+pesticide+spray+drift+deposition%3A+Implications+for+non-target+plants&rft.au=Birchfield%2C+N&rft.aulast=Birchfield&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2001-02-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road, St. Paul, MN 55121-2097, USA N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Regulatory aspects of pathogen resistance AN - 39300714; 3576241 AU - Matten AU - Lewis, P I Y1 - 2001/02/26/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 26 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39300714?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Regulatory+aspects+of+pathogen+resistance&rft.au=Matten%3BLewis%2C+P+I&rft.aulast=Matten&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2001-02-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road, St. Paul, MN 55121-2097, USA N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Crops at risk: FQPA transition strategies AN - 39293282; 3576459 AU - Gesalman, CM Y1 - 2001/02/26/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 26 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39293282?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Crops+at+risk%3A+FQPA+transition+strategies&rft.au=Gesalman%2C+CM&rft.aulast=Gesalman&rft.aufirst=CM&rft.date=2001-02-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road, St. Paul, MN 55121-2097, USA N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Techniques for assessing pesticide loading at the watershed scale AN - 39284705; 3565416 AU - Carrubba, L Y1 - 2001/02/26/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 26 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39284705?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Techniques+for+assessing+pesticide+loading+at+the+watershed+scale&rft.au=Carrubba%2C+L&rft.aulast=Carrubba&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-02-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg VA, 24061, USA; phone: 540 231 5265; fax: 540 231 7417; email: http://www.conted.vt.edu/watershed.htm; URL: http://www.conted.vt.edu/watershed.htm N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Watershed ecological risk assessment: The clinch valley experience AN - 39284216; 3565372 AU - Serveiss, V B AU - Diamond, J Y1 - 2001/02/26/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 26 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39284216?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Watershed+ecological+risk+assessment%3A+The+clinch+valley+experience&rft.au=Serveiss%2C+V+B%3BDiamond%2C+J&rft.aulast=Serveiss&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2001-02-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg VA, 24061, USA; phone: 540 231 5265; fax: 540 231 7417; email: http://www.conted.vt.edu/watershed.htm; URL: http://www.conted.vt.edu/watershed.htm N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Biomarkers for open burning of foliar fuels AN - 39281519; 3578943 AU - Smith, N D AU - Geron, C D AU - Linna, K AU - Hays, MD Y1 - 2001/02/26/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 26 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39281519?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Biomarkers+for+open+burning+of+foliar+fuels&rft.au=Smith%2C+N+D%3BGeron%2C+C+D%3BLinna%2C+K%3BHays%2C+MD&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2001-02-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: International Society for Exposure Analysis, 1330 Kemper Meadow Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45240, USA; phone: 513-742-2227; fax: 513-742-3355; email: mail@aaar.org; URL: http://isam.org. Paper No. 14A3 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Landscape approach to watershed assessment and management: San Pedro & Tensas River studies AN - 39264336; 3565412 AU - Kepner, W G AU - Heggem, D T AU - Goodrich, D C AU - Devonald, K Y1 - 2001/02/26/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 26 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39264336?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Landscape+approach+to+watershed+assessment+and+management%3A+San+Pedro+%26amp%3B+Tensas+River+studies&rft.au=Kepner%2C+W+G%3BHeggem%2C+D+T%3BGoodrich%2C+D+C%3BDevonald%2C+K&rft.aulast=Kepner&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2001-02-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg VA, 24061, USA; phone: 540 231 5265; fax: 540 231 7417; email: http://www.conted.vt.edu/watershed.htm; URL: http://www.conted.vt.edu/watershed.htm N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Knowledge-based decision support for watershed assessment AN - 39264194; 3565403 AU - Reynolds, K AU - Andreasen, J AU - Jensen, M AU - Goodman, I Y1 - 2001/02/26/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 26 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39264194?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Knowledge-based+decision+support+for+watershed+assessment&rft.au=Reynolds%2C+K%3BAndreasen%2C+J%3BJensen%2C+M%3BGoodman%2C+I&rft.aulast=Reynolds&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2001-02-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg VA, 24061, USA; phone: 540 231 5265; fax: 540 231 7417; email: http://www.conted.vt.edu/watershed.htm; URL: http://www.conted.vt.edu/watershed.htm N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Novel serial bolus delivery method to assess regional lung deposition of inhaled particles AN - 39259545; 3578739 AU - Kim, C S AU - Hu, S-C Y1 - 2001/02/26/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 26 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39259545?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Novel+serial+bolus+delivery+method+to+assess+regional+lung+deposition+of+inhaled+particles&rft.au=Kim%2C+C+S%3BHu%2C+S-C&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-02-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: International Society for Exposure Analysis, 1330 Kemper Meadow Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45240, USA; phone: 513-742-2227; fax: 513-742-3355; email: mail@aaar.org; URL: http://isam.org. Paper No. 8A1 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Use of HSPF for integrated watershed-based assessments of aquatic ecosystem health AN - 39230968; 3565407 AU - Johnston, J M Y1 - 2001/02/26/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 26 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39230968?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Use+of+HSPF+for+integrated+watershed-based+assessments+of+aquatic+ecosystem+health&rft.au=Johnston%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Johnston&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-02-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg VA, 24061, USA; phone: 540 231 5265; fax: 540 231 7417; email: http://www.conted.vt.edu/watershed.htm; URL: http://www.conted.vt.edu/watershed.htm N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Acute toxicity of heavy metal ions to sulfate reducing bacteria in acid mine drainage remediation AN - 39380310; 3560815 AU - Utgikar, V P Y1 - 2001/02/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39380310?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Acute+toxicity+of+heavy+metal+ions+to+sulfate+reducing+bacteria+in+acid+mine+drainage+remediation&rft.au=Utgikar%2C+V+P&rft.aulast=Utgikar&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2001-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: University of Massachusettes, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA; phone: (413) 545-1239; fax: (413) 545-4692; email: dleonard@schoolph.mass.edu; URL: www.umass.edu N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Environmental technology verification program? Advanced monitoring systems - Outreach AN - 39369955; 3560025 AU - Fuerst, R G AU - Hunike, E T Y1 - 2001/02/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39369955?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Environmental+technology+verification+program%3F+Advanced+monitoring+systems+-+Outreach&rft.au=Fuerst%2C+R+G%3BHunike%2C+E+T&rft.aulast=Fuerst&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Air and Waste Management Association, One Gateway Center, Third Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA; phone: 412 232 3444; fax: 412 232 4150; URL: www.awma.org. Poster Paper N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Chemical and physical characteristics of outdoor, indoor, and personal particulate air samples collected in and around a retirement facility AN - 39324608; 3560016 AU - Conner, T L AU - Norris, G A AU - Williams, R W AU - Landis Y1 - 2001/02/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39324608?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Chemical+and+physical+characteristics+of+outdoor%2C+indoor%2C+and+personal+particulate+air+samples+collected+in+and+around+a+retirement+facility&rft.au=Conner%2C+T+L%3BNorris%2C+G+A%3BWilliams%2C+R+W%3BLandis&rft.aulast=Conner&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Air and Waste Management Association, One Gateway Center, Third Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA; phone: 412 232 3444; fax: 412 232 4150; URL: www.awma.org. Poster Paper N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Studies on in-situ bioremeidation of PAH contaminated sediments: Bioavailability, biodegradability and toxicity issues AN - 39320863; 3560810 AU - Tabak, H Y1 - 2001/02/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39320863?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Studies+on+in-situ+bioremeidation+of+PAH+contaminated+sediments%3A+Bioavailability%2C+biodegradability+and+toxicity+issues&rft.au=Tabak%2C+H&rft.aulast=Tabak&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2001-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: University of Massachusettes, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA; phone: (413) 545-1239; fax: (413) 545-4692; email: dleonard@schoolph.mass.edu; URL: www.umass.edu N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Removal of MTBE from water by membrane-based pervaporation technology AN - 39319827; 3560757 AU - Vane, L M Y1 - 2001/02/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39319827?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Removal+of+MTBE+from+water+by+membrane-based+pervaporation+technology&rft.au=Vane%2C+L+M&rft.aulast=Vane&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: University of Massachusettes, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA; phone: (413) 545-1239; fax: (413) 545-4692; email: dleonard@schoolph.mass.edu; URL: www.umass.edu N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Relationships of gaseous concentrations of criteria air pollutants and PM2.5 measures AN - 39312738; 3560015 AU - Williams, R AU - Suggs, J AU - Sheldon, L AU - Evans, G AU - Creason, J AU - Rodes, C AU - Lawless, P Y1 - 2001/02/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39312738?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Relationships+of+gaseous+concentrations+of+criteria+air+pollutants+and+PM2.5+measures&rft.au=Williams%2C+R%3BSuggs%2C+J%3BSheldon%2C+L%3BEvans%2C+G%3BCreason%2C+J%3BRodes%2C+C%3BLawless%2C+P&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Air and Waste Management Association, One Gateway Center, Third Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA; phone: 412 232 3444; fax: 412 232 4150; URL: www.awma.org. Poster Paper N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Characterization of mercury emissions at a chlor-alkali plant: Study design and implementation AN - 39312664; 3559990 AU - Kinsey, J S AU - Anscombe, F Y1 - 2001/02/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39312664?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+mercury+emissions+at+a+chlor-alkali+plant%3A+Study+design+and+implementation&rft.au=Kinsey%2C+J+S%3BAnscombe%2C+F&rft.aulast=Kinsey&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Air and Waste Management Association, One Gateway Center, Third Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA; phone: 412 232 3444; fax: 412 232 4150; URL: www.awma.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - New approaches for the characterization of particulate emissions from residential wood combustion appliances--experimental apparatus and preliminary test results AN - 39312548; 3559979 AU - Kinsey, J S AU - Kariher, P Y1 - 2001/02/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39312548?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=New+approaches+for+the+characterization+of+particulate+emissions+from+residential+wood+combustion+appliances--experimental+apparatus+and+preliminary+test+results&rft.au=Kinsey%2C+J+S%3BKariher%2C+P&rft.aulast=Kinsey&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Air and Waste Management Association, One Gateway Center, Third Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA; phone: 412 232 3444; fax: 412 232 4150; URL: www.awma.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Toxic organic and inorganic compendia and their relationship to the urban air toxics strategy and the air toxics monitoring concept AN - 39311023; 3560005 AU - Elkins, J AU - Winberry, J AU - Rice, J AU - Gerald, N AU - Frank, N Y1 - 2001/02/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39311023?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Toxic+organic+and+inorganic+compendia+and+their+relationship+to+the+urban+air+toxics+strategy+and+the+air+toxics+monitoring+concept&rft.au=Elkins%2C+J%3BWinberry%2C+J%3BRice%2C+J%3BGerald%2C+N%3BFrank%2C+N&rft.aulast=Elkins&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Air and Waste Management Association, One Gateway Center, Third Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA; phone: 412 232 3444; fax: 412 232 4150; URL: www.awma.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Electrical resistivity variations associated with controlled gasoline spills AN - 39293798; 3562691 AU - Mazzella, A Y1 - 2001/02/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39293798?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Electrical+resistivity+variations+associated+with+controlled+gasoline+spills&rft.au=Mazzella%2C+A&rft.aulast=Mazzella&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: The Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 8801 South Yale, Tulsa, OK 74137-3575, USA; phone: 918 497 5500; fax: 918 497 5557; email: web@seg.org; URL: www.seg.org. Poster Paper No. NSG P1.9 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Mathematical characterization of indoor combustion sources of particulate matter AN - 39291140; 3560019 AU - Streicher, J J Y1 - 2001/02/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39291140?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Mathematical+characterization+of+indoor+combustion+sources+of+particulate+matter&rft.au=Streicher%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Streicher&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Air and Waste Management Association, One Gateway Center, Third Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA; phone: 412 232 3444; fax: 412 232 4150; URL: www.awma.org. Poster Paper N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Field evaluation of solvent extraction residual biotreatment (SERB) AN - 39290836; 3561926 AU - Sewell, G W AU - Mravik, S C AU - Wood, AL Y1 - 2001/02/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39290836?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Field+evaluation+of+solvent+extraction+residual+biotreatment+%28SERB%29&rft.au=Sewell%2C+G+W%3BMravik%2C+S+C%3BWood%2C+AL&rft.aulast=Sewell&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2001-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, PSA P.O.Box 3640, Karlsruhe, D-76021, Germany; phone: 49 (0)7247-82-3967; fax: 49 (0)7247-82-3949; URL: www.fzk.de N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - K-region dihydrodiols of dibenzo[a,l]pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene morphologically transform C3HIOT1/2 CL8 cells without the detection of stable DNA adducts AN - 39290769; 3559938 AU - Nesnow, S AU - Davis, C AU - Padgett, W T AU - Nelson, G B AU - Adams, L AU - Yacopucci, M AU - King, L C AU - Ross, JA Y1 - 2001/02/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39290769?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=K-region+dihydrodiols+of+dibenzo%5Ba%2Cl%5Dpyrene+and+benzo%5Ba%5Dpyrene+morphologically+transform+C3HIOT1%2F2+CL8+cells+without+the+detection+of+stable+DNA+adducts&rft.au=Nesnow%2C+S%3BDavis%2C+C%3BPadgett%2C+W+T%3BNelson%2C+G+B%3BAdams%2C+L%3BYacopucci%2C+M%3BKing%2C+L+C%3BRoss%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Nesnow&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Air and Waste Management Association, One Gateway Center, Third Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA; phone: 412 232 3444; fax: 412 232 4150; URL: www.awma.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Optimization of high-speed GC/TOFMS for method TO-14 analysis AN - 39290705; 3559919 AU - Berkley, R E AU - Akard, M L AU - Oliver, K D AU - Jacumin, HH Jr AU - Ebersold, P AU - Budd, T Y1 - 2001/02/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39290705?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Optimization+of+high-speed+GC%2FTOFMS+for+method+TO-14+analysis&rft.au=Berkley%2C+R+E%3BAkard%2C+M+L%3BOliver%2C+K+D%3BJacumin%2C+HH+Jr%3BEbersold%2C+P%3BBudd%2C+T&rft.aulast=Berkley&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Air and Waste Management Association, One Gateway Center, Third Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA; phone: 412 232 3444; fax: 412 232 4150; URL: www.awma.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Isolation of microgram quantities of nasal respiratory cell RNA for gene expression analysis AN - 39286292; 3560023 AU - Hester, S D AU - Benavides, G AU - Morgan, K T AU - Wolf, D C Y1 - 2001/02/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39286292?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Isolation+of+microgram+quantities+of+nasal+respiratory+cell+RNA+for+gene+expression+analysis&rft.au=Hester%2C+S+D%3BBenavides%2C+G%3BMorgan%2C+K+T%3BWolf%2C+D+C&rft.aulast=Hester&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Air and Waste Management Association, One Gateway Center, Third Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA; phone: 412 232 3444; fax: 412 232 4150; URL: www.awma.org. Poster Paper N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Exposure-dose-response modeling for effects of hazardous air pollutants on health: Toluene AN - 39286231; 3559994 AU - Boyes, W K AU - Bushnell, P J AU - Jackson, T AU - Leavens, T AU - Evans, M V AU - Bercegeay, M AU - Benignus, V A Y1 - 2001/02/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39286231?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Exposure-dose-response+modeling+for+effects+of+hazardous+air+pollutants+on+health%3A+Toluene&rft.au=Boyes%2C+W+K%3BBushnell%2C+P+J%3BJackson%2C+T%3BLeavens%2C+T%3BEvans%2C+M+V%3BBercegeay%2C+M%3BBenignus%2C+V+A&rft.aulast=Boyes&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2001-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Air and Waste Management Association, One Gateway Center, Third Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA; phone: 412 232 3444; fax: 412 232 4150; URL: www.awma.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Clean air act of 1970 and 1990 amendments - Impact on pharmaceutical coating operation with emission of volatile organic compounds and hazardous air pollution AN - 39283484; 3553781 AU - Mia, M B Y1 - 2001/02/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39283484?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Clean+air+act+of+1970+and+1990+amendments+-+Impact+on+pharmaceutical+coating+operation+with+emission+of+volatile+organic+compounds+and+hazardous+air+pollution&rft.au=Mia%2C+M+B&rft.aulast=Mia&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists, 2107 Wilson Blvd., Suite 700, Arlington, Virginia, 22201, USA; phone: 703-243-2800; fax: 703-243-9650; email: aaps@aaps.org; URL: www.aaps.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Induction of DNA adducts, tumors, and Ki-ras mutations by PAHs in strain A/J mouse lung AN - 39282276; 3560024 AU - Ross, JA AU - Nesnow, S AU - Nelson, G B AU - Roop, B C AU - Mass, MJ Y1 - 2001/02/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39282276?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Induction+of+DNA+adducts%2C+tumors%2C+and+Ki-ras+mutations+by+PAHs+in+strain+A%2FJ+mouse+lung&rft.au=Ross%2C+JA%3BNesnow%2C+S%3BNelson%2C+G+B%3BRoop%2C+B+C%3BMass%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=2001-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Air and Waste Management Association, One Gateway Center, Third Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA; phone: 412 232 3444; fax: 412 232 4150; URL: www.awma.org. Poster Paper N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Exposure-dose-response modeling for the effects of hazardous air pollutants on health: Trichloroethylene AN - 39282080; 3559993 AU - Bushnell, P J AU - Boyes, W K AU - Evans, M V AU - Simmons, JE AU - Oshiro, WM AU - Crofton, K M AU - Raymer, J H Y1 - 2001/02/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39282080?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Exposure-dose-response+modeling+for+the+effects+of+hazardous+air+pollutants+on+health%3A+Trichloroethylene&rft.au=Bushnell%2C+P+J%3BBoyes%2C+W+K%3BEvans%2C+M+V%3BSimmons%2C+JE%3BOshiro%2C+WM%3BCrofton%2C+K+M%3BRaymer%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Bushnell&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Air and Waste Management Association, One Gateway Center, Third Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA; phone: 412 232 3444; fax: 412 232 4150; URL: www.awma.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Air dispersion modeling - Using as a planning and diagnostic tool AN - 39281985; 3559943 AU - Turpin, R AU - Mickunas, D AU - Ocheski, K AU - Gemelli, M Y1 - 2001/02/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39281985?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Air+dispersion+modeling+-+Using+as+a+planning+and+diagnostic+tool&rft.au=Turpin%2C+R%3BMickunas%2C+D%3BOcheski%2C+K%3BGemelli%2C+M&rft.aulast=Turpin&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Air and Waste Management Association, One Gateway Center, Third Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA; phone: 412 232 3444; fax: 412 232 4150; URL: www.awma.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Response of the microbial communities exposed to pentachlorophenol in estuarine sediments AN - 39248202; 3560771 AU - Kurtz, J C Y1 - 2001/02/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39248202?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Response+of+the+microbial+communities+exposed+to+pentachlorophenol+in+estuarine+sediments&rft.au=Kurtz%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Kurtz&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: University of Massachusettes, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA; phone: (413) 545-1239; fax: (413) 545-4692; email: dleonard@schoolph.mass.edu; URL: www.umass.edu N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Baltimore community environmental partnership air committee technical report, a community risk-based air screening: A case study in Baltimore, MD AN - 39240957; 3559995 AU - Topper, H Y1 - 2001/02/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39240957?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Baltimore+community+environmental+partnership+air+committee+technical+report%2C+a+community+risk-based+air+screening%3A+A+case+study+in+Baltimore%2C+MD&rft.au=Topper%2C+H&rft.aulast=Topper&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2001-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Air and Waste Management Association, One Gateway Center, Third Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA; phone: 412 232 3444; fax: 412 232 4150; URL: www.awma.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Improvements to the TAGA system for ambient air monitoring AN - 39240814; 3559937 AU - Turpin, R AU - Mickunas, D AU - Bradstreet, J AU - Wood, J AU - Loy, G AU - Smith, WA Y1 - 2001/02/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39240814?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Improvements+to+the+TAGA+system+for+ambient+air+monitoring&rft.au=Turpin%2C+R%3BMickunas%2C+D%3BBradstreet%2C+J%3BWood%2C+J%3BLoy%2C+G%3BSmith%2C+WA&rft.aulast=Turpin&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Air and Waste Management Association, One Gateway Center, Third Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA; phone: 412 232 3444; fax: 412 232 4150; URL: www.awma.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - EPA wind tunnel AN - 39240773; 3560014 AU - Chen, F-L AU - McElroy, F AU - Wiener, R Y1 - 2001/02/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39240773?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=EPA+wind+tunnel&rft.au=Chen%2C+F-L%3BMcElroy%2C+F%3BWiener%2C+R&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=F-L&rft.date=2001-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Air and Waste Management Association, One Gateway Center, Third Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA; phone: 412 232 3444; fax: 412 232 4150; URL: www.awma.org. Poster Paper N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Investigating the influence of long range transport on mercury deposition in South Florida AN - 39240697; 3559986 AU - Landis AU - Stevens, R K Y1 - 2001/02/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39240697?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Investigating+the+influence+of+long+range+transport+on+mercury+deposition+in+South+Florida&rft.au=Landis%3BStevens%2C+R+K&rft.aulast=Landis&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2001-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Air and Waste Management Association, One Gateway Center, Third Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA; phone: 412 232 3444; fax: 412 232 4150; URL: www.awma.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - EPA workshop on source apportionment tools UNMIX and PMF as applied to PM2.5 synthetic data set generation AN - 39236755; 3559953 AU - Eberly, SI AU - Coutant, B W AU - Lewis, C W Y1 - 2001/02/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39236755?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=EPA+workshop+on+source+apportionment+tools+UNMIX+and+PMF+as+applied+to+PM2.5+synthetic+data+set+generation&rft.au=Eberly%2C+SI%3BCoutant%2C+B+W%3BLewis%2C+C+W&rft.aulast=Eberly&rft.aufirst=SI&rft.date=2001-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Air and Waste Management Association, One Gateway Center, Third Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA; phone: 412 232 3444; fax: 412 232 4150; URL: www.awma.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - AUSRIVAS in NSW: New models for old rivers AN - 39224569; 3560352 AU - Turak, E Y1 - 2001/02/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39224569?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=AUSRIVAS+in+NSW%3A+New+models+for+old+rivers&rft.au=Turak%2C+E&rft.aulast=Turak&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2001-02-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Australian Society for Limnology, Australia; URL: www.asl.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and natural immunity: lack of an effect on the complement system in a guinea pig model AN - 17843595; 4877299 AB - We examined the complement system as a potential target for toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in normal Hartley guinea pigs. Guinea pigs were injected intravenously with 0.5 mu g/kg TCDD and bled at weekly intervals up to 1 month following injection. Serum samples were collected at each time point and assayed for total hemolytic complement activity (CH50), alternative pathway complement activity (AH50) and complement component C4 functional activity. Injection of TCDD led to a wasting syndrome, as observed by a lower body weight gain in TCDD-treated animals when compared to control animals. However, at this dose, TCDD failed to induce any significant change in complement activity as determined by all three methods used in this study. The results indicate that, at 0.5 mu g/kg body weight, a dose slightly lower than the LD50 value in guinea pigs, TCDD fails to affect the complement system. JF - Toxicology AU - Wagner, E AU - Frank, M M AU - Smialowicz, R J AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, smialowicz.ralph@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/02/21/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 21 SP - 107 EP - 113 VL - 159 IS - 1-2 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - guinea-pigs KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Complement KW - TCDD KW - Immune response KW - Immunity KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17843595?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=2%2C3%2C7%2C8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+and+natural+immunity%3A+lack+of+an+effect+on+the+complement+system+in+a+guinea+pig+model&rft.au=Wagner%2C+E%3BFrank%2C+M+M%3BSmialowicz%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Wagner&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2001-02-21&rft.volume=159&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Immunity; Immune response; Complement; TCDD ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Complementarity of Ecological Goal Functions AN - 17819442; 4857918 AB - This paper summarizes, in the framework of network environ analysis, a set of analyses of energy-matter flow and storage in steady-state systems. The network perspective is used to codify and unify ten ecological orientors or extremal principles: maximum power (Lotka), maximum storage (Jorgensen-Mejer), maximum empower and emergy (Odum), maximum ascendency (Ulanowicz), maximum dissipation (Schneider-Kay), maximum cycling (Morowitz), maximum residence time (Cheslak-Lamarra), minimum specific dissipation (Onsager, Prigogine), and minimum empower to exergy ratio (Bastianoni-Marchettini). We show that, seen in this framework, these seemingly disparate extrema are all mutually consistent, suggesting a common pattern for ecosystem development. This pattern unfolds in the network organization of systems. Copyright 2001 Academic Press. JF - Journal of Theoretical Biology AU - Fath, B D AU - Patten, B C AU - Choi, J S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Sustainable Environments Branch, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, 45268, OH, U.S.A., fath.brian@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2001/02/21/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 21 SP - 493 EP - 506 PB - Academic Press VL - 208 IS - 4 SN - 0022-5193, 0022-5193 KW - network environ analysis KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Ecosystem analysis KW - Energetics KW - Ecosystem models KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17819442?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Theoretical+Biology&rft.atitle=Complementarity+of+Ecological+Goal+Functions&rft.au=Fath%2C+B+D%3BPatten%2C+B+C%3BChoi%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Fath&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-02-21&rft.volume=208&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=493&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Theoretical+Biology&rft.issn=00225193&rft_id=info:doi/10.1006%2Fjtbi.2000.2234 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ecosystem analysis; Energetics; Ecosystem models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jtbi.2000.2234 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human Alveolar Macrophage Responses to Air Pollution Particulates Are Associated with Insoluble Components of Coarse Material, Including Particulate Endotoxin AN - 17817836; 4857997 AB - Inhalation of particulate matter in the ambient air has been shown to cause pulmonary morbidity and exacerbate asthma. Alveolar macrophage (AM) are essential for effective removal of inhaled particles and microbes in the lower airways. While some particles minimally effect AM function others inhibit antimicrobial activity or cause cytokine and growth factor production leading to inflammation and tissue remodeling. This study has investigated the effects of water soluble (s) and insoluble (is) components of Chapel Hill, North Carolina ambient particulate matter in the size ranges 0.1-2.5 mu m (PM2.5) and 2.5-10 mu m (PM10) diameter, on human AM IL-6, TNF alpha , and MCP-1 cytokine production and host defense mechanisms including phagocytosis and oxidant production. Cytokines were found to be induced by isPM10 to a much higher extent (>50-fold) than sPM10, which in turn stimulated production better than isPM2.5, while sPM2.5 was inactive. Previous studies have indicated that endotoxin (ETOX) is a component of sPM10 responsible for cytokine production. Here, it is shown that inhibition of isPM10-induced cytokine production was partially achieved with polymyxin B and LPS-binding protein (LBP), but not with a metal chelator, implicating ETOX as a cytokine-inducing moiety also in isPM10. In addition to inducing cytokines, exposure to isPM10, but not the other PM fractions, also inhibited phagocytosis and oxidant generation in response to yeast. This inhibition was ETOX independent. The decrease in host defenses may be the result of apoptosis in the AM population, which was also found to be specifically caused by isPM10. These results show that the functional capacity of AM is selectively modulated by insoluble components of coarse PM, including the biocontaminant ETOX. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Soukup, J M AU - Becker, S AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, 27711, North Carolina Y1 - 2001/02/15/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 15 SP - 20 EP - 26 PB - Academic Press VL - 171 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - solubility KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Macrophages KW - Inhalation KW - Endotoxins KW - Air pollution KW - Lung KW - Asthma KW - Particulate pollution KW - Alveoli KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17817836?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Human+Alveolar+Macrophage+Responses+to+Air+Pollution+Particulates+Are+Associated+with+Insoluble+Components+of+Coarse+Material%2C+Including+Particulate+Endotoxin&rft.au=Soukup%2C+J+M%3BBecker%2C+S&rft.aulast=Soukup&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-02-15&rft.volume=171&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1006%2Ftaap.2000.9096 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Particulate pollution; Endotoxins; Inhalation; Asthma; Alveoli; Macrophages; Lung DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/taap.2000.9096 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Possible molecular targets of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons in neuronal cells. AN - 70596086; 11162682 AB - Halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent and bioaccumulative environmental toxicants. Although health effects associated with exposure to these chemicals, including motor dysfunction and impairment in memory and learning, have been identified, their molecular site of action is unknown. Previous study from this laboratory demonstrated that, while ortho PCBs perturbed intracellular signaling mechanisms including Ca2+ homeostasis, receptor-mediated inositol phosphate production and translocation of PKC, non-ortho PCBs did not. Since PKC signaling pathway is implicated in the modulation of motor behavior, as well as learning and memory, and the roles of PKC are isoform-specific, we have now studied the effects of two structurally distinct PCBs on isoforms of PKC in cerebellar granule cell culture model. Cells were exposed to 2,2'-dichlorobiphenyl (ortho PCB; 2,2'-DCB) or 4,4'-dichlorobiphenyl (non-ortho PCB; 4,4'-DCB) for 15 min, respectively, and subsequently fractionated and immunoblotted against the selected PKC monoclonal antibodies (alpha, gamma, delta, epsilon, lambda, iota). While 2,2'-DCB induced a translocation of PKC-alpha [cytosol (% control): 54 +/- 12 at 25 microM and 66 +/- 10 at 50 microM; membrane (% control): 186 +/- 37 at 25 microM and 200 +/- 48 at 50 microM] and -epsilon [cytosol (% control): 92 +/- 12 at 25 microM and 97 +/- 15 at 50 microM; membrane (% control): 143 +/- 23 at 25 microM and 192 +/- 24 at 50 microM] from cytosol to membrane fraction in a concentration-dependent manner, 4,4'-DCB had no effects. 2,2'-DCB induced translocation of PKC-alpha was blocked by pretreatment with sphingosine, suggesting a possible role of sphingolipid pathway. Although reports on implication of PKC-gamma with learning and memory are relatively extensive, the expression of this particular isoform in the primary cerebellar granule cells was below the detectable level. PKC-delta, -lambda and -iota were present in these cells, but were not altered by PCB exposure. These results suggest that the effects of 2,2'-DCB on PKC is isoform-dependent and PKC-alpha as well as PKC-epsilon may be target molecules for ortho-PCBs in neuronal cells. JF - Biochemical and biophysical research communications AU - Yang, J H AU - Kodavanti, P R AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 2001/02/09/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 09 SP - 1372 EP - 1377 VL - 280 IS - 5 SN - 0006-291X, 0006-291X KW - Isoenzymes KW - 0 KW - 2,2'-dichlorobiphenyl KW - 1433W7U14D KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - 4,4'-dichlorobiphenyl KW - DOF6S5DT2R KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Sphingosine KW - NGZ37HRE42 KW - Index Medicus KW - Membranes -- drug effects KW - Isoenzymes -- chemistry KW - Protein Kinase C -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Rats, Long-Evans KW - Cytosol -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Cytosol -- enzymology KW - Isoenzymes -- drug effects KW - Isoenzymes -- metabolism KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Rats KW - Protein Kinase C -- metabolism KW - Membranes -- enzymology KW - Animals, Newborn KW - Cerebellum -- cytology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Cerebellum -- drug effects KW - Protein Kinase C -- chemistry KW - Sphingosine -- pharmacology KW - Cerebellum -- enzymology KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- pharmacology KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Neurons -- cytology KW - Neurons -- enzymology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70596086?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemical+and+biophysical+research+communications&rft.atitle=Possible+molecular+targets+of+halogenated+aromatic+hydrocarbons+in+neuronal+cells.&rft.au=Yang%2C+J+H%3BKodavanti%2C+P+R&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-02-09&rft.volume=280&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1372&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemical+and+biophysical+research+communications&rft.issn=0006291X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-03-15 N1 - Date created - 2001-02-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Significance of incorporating measures of sperm production and function into rat toxicology studies. AN - 77059758; 11226045 AB - The rat is the preferred species for reproductive toxicity testing. The inclusion of measures of rat sperm quality, such as motility and morphology, into reproductive test protocols often increases the sensitivity of the test to detect effects, and provides the toxicologist and risk assessor with valuable information about the nature of the reproductive toxicity of the test substance. Technical advances in computer-aided sperm analysis have made it possible to evaluate motion characteristics of rat spermatozoa. This technology can provide an objective means of classifying the motion of rat spermatozoa as progressive or non-progressive, as required in test protocols. More specific tests of rat sperm function are being applied for the purpose of evaluating modes and mechanisms of toxicant action. Computer-aided sperm analysis can be used to evaluate sperm motion during cultures that support sperm capacitation and to identify hyperactivated spermatozoa. Under the same culture conditions, acrosome-specific stains can be used to identify effects of toxicants on the acrosome reaction. These approaches, in combination with in vitro fertilization in rats, can pinpoint sperm functional deficits and thereby assist the toxicologist in addressing hypotheses regarding the cellular-molecular bases of toxicant-induced male infertility. JF - Reproduction (Cambridge, England) AU - Perreault, S D AU - Cancel, A M AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, NHEERL, US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. darney.sally@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - February 2001 SP - 207 EP - 216 VL - 121 IS - 2 SN - 1470-1626, 1470-1626 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Acrosome Reaction KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Testis -- physiology KW - Humans KW - Fertilization in Vitro KW - Sperm Motility KW - Sperm Capacitation KW - Rats KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Testis -- drug effects KW - Insemination, Artificial KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Drug Evaluation, Preclinical KW - Female KW - Male KW - Testis -- cytology KW - Spermatozoa -- physiology KW - Spermatozoa -- drug effects KW - Toxicity Tests -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77059758?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproduction+%28Cambridge%2C+England%29&rft.atitle=Significance+of+incorporating+measures+of+sperm+production+and+function+into+rat+toxicology+studies.&rft.au=Perreault%2C+S+D%3BCancel%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Perreault&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproduction+%28Cambridge%2C+England%29&rft.issn=14701626&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-07-19 N1 - Date created - 2001-04-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Total organic carbon analyzers as tools for measuring carbonaceous matter in natural waters. AN - 76967879; 11253002 AB - For some utilities, new US drinking water regulations may require the removal of disinfection byproduct (DBP) precursor material as a means of minimizing DBP formation. The Environmental Protection Agency's Stage 1 DBP Rule relies on total organic carbon (TOC) concentrations as a measure of the effectiveness of treatment techniques for removing organic material that could act as DBP precursors. Accordingly, precise and accurate methods are needed for the determination of TOC and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in raw and finished potable water supplies. This review describes the current analytical technologies and summarizes the key factors affecting measurement quality. It provides a look into the fundamental principles and workings of TOC analyzers. Current peroxydisulfuric acid wet ashing methods and combustion methods are discussed. Issues affecting quality control, such as non-zero blanks and preservation, are covered. Some of the difficulties in analyzing water for TOC and DOC that were identified up to 20 years ago still remain problematic today. Limitations in technology, reagent purity, operator skill and knowledge of natural organic matter (NOM) can preclude the level of precision and accuracy desirable for compliance monitoring. JF - Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM AU - Urbansky, E T AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Water Supply and Water Resources Division, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. urbansky.edward@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - February 2001 SP - 102 EP - 112 VL - 3 IS - 1 SN - 1464-0325, 1464-0325 KW - Disinfectants KW - 0 KW - Organic Chemicals KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Public Health KW - Chemistry Techniques, Analytical -- methods KW - Humans KW - Organic Chemicals -- analysis KW - Water Supply -- standards KW - Disinfectants -- analysis KW - Carbon -- chemistry KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76967879?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+monitoring+%3A+JEM&rft.atitle=Total+organic+carbon+analyzers+as+tools+for+measuring+carbonaceous+matter+in+natural+waters.&rft.au=Urbansky%2C+E+T&rft.aulast=Urbansky&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=102&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+monitoring+%3A+JEM&rft.issn=14640325&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-03-29 N1 - Date created - 2001-03-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of a telemetered dispensing system for controlling nutrient additions to experimental patch reefs in the ENCORE study at One Tree Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia. AN - 70877185; 11381881 AB - A telemetrically controlled system was developed to add nutrients automatically to experimental patch reefs in a remote marine environment. The experiment, called ENCORE, was done in the lagoon of One Tree Island, a remote research station at the southern end of the Great Barrier Reef. Nutrient dispensing units (NDUs), moored adjacent to patch reefs in the lagoon, were telemetrically linked to a base station on the island. The base station, about 3 km away from the furthest NDU, consisted of a dedicated computer, controller and radio transmitter, which relayed coded signals to a radio receiver mounted on each NDU. This activated a solenoid valve to discharge a measured quantity of concentrated nutrient solution from a measuring chamber using compressed air from a SCUBA tank. The solution was discharged through 4-8 PVC outlets into the basins of the patch reefs to allow thorough mixing. The base station interrogated each NDU to find out if the operation had been successful and stored the information on disk to provide a daily log of operations. Nutrient samples taken within the patch reefs demonstrated that calculated initial mean concentrations of 2 micrograms-at PO4-P l-1 and 10 micrograms-at NH4-N l-1 were achieved. The system we have developed can be used in many situations where regular perturbations need to be introduced to aquatic ecosystems. It uses state-of-the-art technology, yet all components are commercially readily available and relatively inexpensive. Detailed specifications and drawings are available from the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority. JF - Marine pollution bulletin AU - Koop, K AU - Steven, A AU - Mcgill, R AU - Drew, E AU - Macdonald, B AD - School of Biological Sciences (A12), University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. koopk@epa.nsw.gov.au Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - February 2001 SP - 121 EP - 126 VL - 42 IS - 2 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Phosphorus KW - 27YLU75U4W KW - Nitrogen KW - N762921K75 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Equipment Design KW - Australia KW - Cnidaria KW - Research Design KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- administration & dosage KW - Phosphorus -- administration & dosage KW - Nitrogen -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70877185?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+pollution+bulletin&rft.atitle=Use+of+a+telemetered+dispensing+system+for+controlling+nutrient+additions+to+experimental+patch+reefs+in+the+ENCORE+study+at+One+Tree+Island%2C+Great+Barrier+Reef%2C+Australia.&rft.au=Koop%2C+K%3BSteven%2C+A%3BMcgill%2C+R%3BDrew%2C+E%3BMacdonald%2C+B&rft.aulast=Koop&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+pollution+bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-06-28 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of p-nonylphenol, methoxychlor, and endosulfan on vitellogenin induction and expression in sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus). AN - 70850289; 11351433 AB - Temporal and dose-response relationships of vitellogenin (VTG) mRNA induction and subsequent plasma VTG accumulation were established for sheepshead minnows (Cyprinodon variegatus) treated with p-nonylphenol (an alkylphenol) and the organochlorine pesticides methoxychlor and endosulfan. Thirty-two adult male fish per treatment were continuously exposed to measured concentrations of 0.64, 5.4, 11.8, 23.3, and 42.7 micrograms/L p-nonylphenol; 1.1, 2.5, 5.6, 12.1, and 18.4 micrograms/L methoxychlor; and in two separate tests, 15.9, 36.3, 68.8, 162, 277, 403, 590, and 788 ng/L endosulfan using an intermittent flow-through dosing apparatus. Separate triethylene glycol (50 microliters/L) and 17 beta-estradiol (65.1 ng/L) treatments served as the negative and positive controls, respectively. Four fish were randomly sampled from each test concentration on days 2, 5, 13, 21, 35, and 42 of exposure, and levels of hepatic VTG mRNA induction and serum VTG accumulation were determined for each individual. Overall, fish exposed to p-nonylphenol or methoxychlor demonstrated a rapid, dose-dependent synthesis of VTG mRNA up to day 5 of exposure, followed by a relatively constant dose-dependent expression through day 42. Both chemicals showed a dose-dependent increase in plasma VTG over the entire time course of exposure, with significantly elevated VTG levels by the fifth day of exposure to p-nonylphenol at concentrations of 5.4 micrograms/L or greater and to methoxychlor at concentrations of 2.5 micrograms/L or greater. Exposure to 0.64 microgram/L p-nonylphenol resulted in highly variable plasma VTG levels of less than 6 mg/ml. Exposures with endosulfan failed to induce measurable levels of either hepatic VTG mRNA or serum VTG at the chemical concentrations tested. Our results demonstrate that the sheepshead minnow bioassay is a suitable estuarine/marine teleost model for in vivo screening of potentially estrogenic substances. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Hemmer, M J AU - Hemmer, B L AU - Bowman, C J AU - Kroll, K J AU - Folmar, L C AU - Marcovich, D AU - Hoglund, M D AU - Denslow, N D AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561, USA. hemmer.michael@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - February 2001 SP - 336 EP - 343 VL - 20 IS - 2 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Phenols KW - 0 KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Vitellogenins KW - Estradiol KW - 4TI98Z838E KW - nonylphenol KW - 79F6A2ILP5 KW - Endosulfan KW - OKA6A6ZD4K KW - Methoxychlor KW - RIA79UD69L KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cyprinidae KW - Estradiol -- pharmacology KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- drug effects KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Male KW - Vitellogenins -- biosynthesis KW - Phenols -- toxicity KW - Endosulfan -- toxicity KW - Vitellogenins -- genetics KW - Methoxychlor -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70850289?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=Effects+of+p-nonylphenol%2C+methoxychlor%2C+and+endosulfan+on+vitellogenin+induction+and+expression+in+sheepshead+minnow+%28Cyprinodon+variegatus%29.&rft.au=Hemmer%2C+M+J%3BHemmer%2C+B+L%3BBowman%2C+C+J%3BKroll%2C+K+J%3BFolmar%2C+L+C%3BMarcovich%2C+D%3BHoglund%2C+M+D%3BDenslow%2C+N+D&rft.aulast=Hemmer&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=336&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-06-14 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vitellogenin-induced pathology in male summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus). AN - 70829134; 11090901 AB - Male summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus) were given two injections (initially and 2 weeks later) of 17beta-estradiol (E2) totaling 0.2 (2 x 0.1), 2.0 (2 x 1.0) or 20.0 (2 x 10.0) mg E2/kg body weight. Blood and tissue samples were collected 4, 6 and 8 weeks after the initial injection in the (2 x 0.1) mg/kg treatment, 4, 6, 8, and 15 weeks after the first injection in the (2 x 1.0) mg/kg treatment and at 4 weeks only in the (2 x 10.0) mg/kg treatment. Five of the 12 fish injected twice with 10.0 mg/kg were moribund before the first sampling period. Circulating levels of vitellogenin (VTG) in the blood of all E2-injected fish from all treatments were comparable with those concentrations found in the blood of wild male carp (Cyprinus carpio) and walleye (Stezostedion vitreum) previously collected near a sewage treatment plant (0.1-10.0 mg VTG/ml plasma). Excessive hyalin material accumulated in the livers, kidneys and testes of the treated fish. A portion of that material was identified as VTG by immunohistochemistry. The accumulation of VTG, and possibly other estrogen-inducible proteins, resulted in hepatocyte hypertrophy, disruption of spermatogenesis, and obstruction or rupture of renal glomeruli. JF - Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) AU - Folmar, L C AU - Gardner, G R AU - Schreibman, M P AU - Magliulo-Cepriano, L AU - Mills, L J AU - Zaroogian, G AU - Gutjahr-Gobell, R AU - Haebler, R AU - Horowitz, D B AU - Denslow, N D AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA. folmar.leroy@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - February 2001 SP - 431 EP - 441 VL - 51 IS - 4 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - Vitellogenins KW - 0 KW - Estradiol KW - 4TI98Z838E KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Kidney -- pathology KW - Testis -- pathology KW - Estradiol -- toxicity KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Male KW - Vitellogenins -- toxicity KW - Flounder -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70829134?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+toxicology+%28Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands%29&rft.atitle=Vitellogenin-induced+pathology+in+male+summer+flounder+%28Paralichthys+dentatus%29.&rft.au=Folmar%2C+L+C%3BGardner%2C+G+R%3BSchreibman%2C+M+P%3BMagliulo-Cepriano%2C+L%3BMills%2C+L+J%3BZaroogian%2C+G%3BGutjahr-Gobell%2C+R%3BHaebler%2C+R%3BHorowitz%2C+D+B%3BDenslow%2C+N+D&rft.aulast=Folmar&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=431&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+toxicology+%28Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands%29&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-06-28 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fault tree analysis for exposure to refrigerants used for automotive air conditioning in the United States. AN - 70815191; 11332544 AB - A fault tree analysis was used to estimate the number of refrigerant exposures of automotive service technicians and vehicle occupants in the United States. Exposures of service technicians can occur when service equipment or automotive air-conditioning systems leak during servicing. The number of refrigerant exposures of service technicians was estimated to be 135,000 per year. Exposures of vehicle occupants can occur when refrigerant enters passenger compartments due to sudden leaks in air-conditioning systems, leaks following servicing, or leaks caused by collisions. The total number of exposures of vehicle occupants was estimated to be 3,600 per year. The largest number of exposures of vehicle occupants was estimated for leaks caused by collisions, and the second largest number of exposures was estimated for leaks following servicing. Estimates used in the fault tree analysis were based on a survey of automotive air-conditioning service shops, the best available data from the literature, and the engineering judgement of the authors and expert reviewers from the Society of Automotive Engineers Interior Climate Control Standards Committee. Exposure concentrations and durations were estimated and compared with toxicity data for refrigerants currently used in automotive air conditioners. Uncertainty was high for the estimated numbers of exposures, exposure concentrations, and exposure durations. Uncertainty could be reduced in the future by conducting more extensive surveys, measurements of refrigerant concentrations, and exposure monitoring. Nevertheless, the analysis indicated that the risk of exposure of service technicians and vehicle occupants is significant, and it is recommended that no refrigerant that is substantially more toxic than currently available substitutes be accepted for use in vehicle air-conditioning systems, absent a means of mitigating exposure. JF - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis AU - Jetter, J J AU - Forte, R AU - Rubenstein, R AD - Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. jetter.jim@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - February 2001 SP - 157 EP - 170 VL - 21 IS - 1 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Occupational Exposure KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Risk Assessment KW - Automobiles KW - Air Conditioning -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70815191?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Fault+tree+analysis+for+exposure+to+refrigerants+used+for+automotive+air+conditioning+in+the+United+States.&rft.au=Jetter%2C+J+J%3BForte%2C+R%3BRubenstein%2C+R&rft.aulast=Jetter&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-05-24 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multi-stage model estimates of lung cancer risk from exposure to diesel exhaust, based on a U.S. railroad worker cohort. AN - 70812987; 11332538 AB - A California Environmental Protection Agency (Cal/EPA) report concluded that a reasonable and likely explanation for the increased lung cancer rates in numerous epidemiological studies is a causal association between diesel exhaust exposure and lung cancer. A version of the present analysis, based on a retrospective study of a U.S. railroad worker cohort, provided the Cal/EPA report with some of its estimates of lung cancer risk associated with diesel exhaust. The individual data for that cohort study furnish information on age, employment, and mortality for 56,000 workers over 22 years. Related studies provide information on exposure concentrations. Other analyses of the original cohort data reported finding no relation between measures of diesel exhaust and lung cancer mortality, while a Health Effects Institute report found the data unsuitable for quantitative risk assessment. None of those three works used multistage models, which this article uses in finding a likely quantitative, positive relations between lung cancer and diesel exhaust. A seven-stage model that has the last or next-to-last stage sensitive to diesel exhaust provides best estimates of increase in annual mortality rate due to each unit of concentration, for bracketing assumptions on exposure. Using relative increases of risk and multiplying by the background lung cancer mortality rates for California, the 95% upper confidence limit of the 70-year unit risks for lung cancer is estimated to be in the range 2.1 x 10(-4) (microg/m3)(-1) to 5.5 x 10(-4) (microg/m3)(-1). These risks constitute the low end of those in the Cal/EPA report and are below those reported by previous investigators whose estimates were positive using human data. JF - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis AU - Dawson, S V AU - Alexeeff, G V AD - Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland 94612, USA. sdawson@oehha.ca.gov Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - February 2001 SP - 1 EP - 18 VL - 21 IS - 1 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Cocarcinogenesis KW - Humans KW - Retrospective Studies KW - Aged KW - Smoking -- adverse effects KW - Risk Assessment KW - Railroads KW - Adult KW - Cohort Studies KW - Middle Aged KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Lung Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Lung Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Models, Biological KW - Vehicle Emissions -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70812987?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Multi-stage+model+estimates+of+lung+cancer+risk+from+exposure+to+diesel+exhaust%2C+based+on+a+U.S.+railroad+worker+cohort.&rft.au=Dawson%2C+S+V%3BAlexeeff%2C+G+V&rft.aulast=Dawson&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-05-24 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Risk Anal. 2001 Feb;21(1):19-23 [11332548] Risk Anal. 2001 Apr;21(2):213-6 [11414531] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A health risk benchmark for the neurologic effects of styrene: comparison with NOAEL/LOAEL approach. AN - 70789013; 11332541 AB - Benchmark dose (BMD) analysis was used to estimate an inhalation benchmark concentration for styrene neurotoxicity. Quantal data on neuropsychologic test results from styrene-exposed workers [Mutti et al. (1984). American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 5, 275-286] were used to quantify neurotoxicity, defined as the percent of tested workers who responded abnormally to > or = 1, > or = 2, or > or = 3 out of a battery of eight tests. Exposure was based on previously published results on mean urinary mandelic- and phenylglyoxylic acid levels in the workers, converted to air styrene levels (15, 44, 74, or 115 ppm). Nonstyrene-exposed workers from the same region served as a control group. Maximum-likelihood estimates (MLEs) and BMDs at 5 and 10% response levels of the exposed population were obtained from log-normal analysis of the quantal data. The highest MLE was 9 ppm (BMD = 4 ppm) styrene and represents abnormal responses to > or = 3 tests by 10% of the exposed population. The most health-protective MLE was 2 ppm styrene (BMD = 0.3 ppm) and represents abnormal responses to > or = 1 test by 5% of the exposed population. A no observed adverse effect level/lowest observed adverse effect level (NOAEL/LOAEL) analysis of the same quantal data showed workers in all styrene exposure groups responded abnormally to > or = 1, > or = 2, or > or = 3 tests, compared to controls, and the LOAEL was 15 ppm. A comparison of the BMD and NOAEL/LOAEL analyses suggests that at air styrene levels below the LOAEL, a segment of the worker population may be adversely affected. The benchmark approach will be useful for styrene noncancer risk assessment purposes by providing a more accurate estimate of potential risk that should, in turn, help to reduce the uncertainty that is a common problem in setting exposure levels. JF - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis AU - Rabovsky, J AU - Fowles, J AU - Hill, M D AU - Lewis, D C AD - Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland 94612-1499, USA. jrabovsk@oehha.ca.gov Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - February 2001 SP - 117 EP - 126 VL - 21 IS - 1 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational KW - 0 KW - Neurotoxins KW - Styrene KW - 44LJ2U959V KW - Index Medicus KW - Occupational Exposure KW - No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational -- toxicity KW - Styrene -- administration & dosage KW - Styrene -- analysis KW - Neurotoxins -- administration & dosage KW - Neurotoxins -- analysis KW - Risk Assessment -- methods KW - Neurotoxins -- toxicity KW - Styrene -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70789013?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=A+health+risk+benchmark+for+the+neurologic+effects+of+styrene%3A+comparison+with+NOAEL%2FLOAEL+approach.&rft.au=Rabovsky%2C+J%3BFowles%2C+J%3BHill%2C+M+D%3BLewis%2C+D+C&rft.aulast=Rabovsky&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-05-24 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pregnancy loss in the rat caused by bromodichloromethane. AN - 70649866; 11158724 AB - Bromodichloromethane (BDCM), a trihalomethane, is a by-product of the chlorination of drinking water. In a recent epidemiological study, consumption of BDCM was associated with an increased risk of spontaneous abortion in pregnant women. We have previously shown that BDCM causes pregnancy loss, i.e., full-litter resorption (FLR), in the F344 rat. The mode of action was investigated, with three main findings. First, there was a dramatic difference in sensitivity between F344 and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat strains. Following aqueous gavage treatment on gestational days (GD) 6-10, F344 rats had a 62% incidence of FLR at 75 mg/kg/day, whereas all SD rats maintained their litters. Second, the critical period encompassed the luteinizing hormone (LH)-dependent period of pregnancy. Rats treated on GD 6-10 at 75 mg/kg/day had a 75% incidence of FLR, but rats treated on GD 11-15 at 75 or 100 mg/kg/day were unaffected. Third, 24 h after a single dose, all dams with FLR had markedly reduced serum progesterone levels; however, LH levels were unaffected. The high FLR rate during the LH-dependent period, the lack of response thereafter, and the reduced progesterone levels without an associated reduction in LH levels suggests that BDCM disrupts luteal responsiveness to LH. JF - Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Bielmeier, S R AU - Best, D S AU - Guidici, D L AU - Narotsky, M G AD - Curriculum of Toxicology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. bielmeier.susan@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - February 2001 SP - 309 EP - 315 VL - 59 IS - 2 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Trihalomethanes KW - Progesterone KW - 4G7DS2Q64Y KW - bromodichloromethane KW - 7LN464CH2O KW - Luteinizing Hormone KW - 9002-67-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Luteinizing Hormone -- blood KW - Species Specificity KW - Progesterone -- blood KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Embryo Loss -- chemically induced KW - Pregnancy, Animal -- drug effects KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Trihalomethanes -- toxicity KW - Fetal Resorption -- chemically induced KW - Pregnancy, Animal -- blood UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70649866?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+sciences+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Pregnancy+loss+in+the+rat+caused+by+bromodichloromethane.&rft.au=Bielmeier%2C+S+R%3BBest%2C+D+S%3BGuidici%2C+D+L%3BNarotsky%2C+M+G&rft.aulast=Bielmeier&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=309&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+sciences+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-04-12 N1 - Date created - 2001-02-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Initial characterization of the hemolysin stachylysin from Stachybotrys chartarum. AN - 70628467; 11159985 AB - Stachybotrys chartarum is a toxigenic fungus that has been associated with human health concerns, including pulmonary hemorrhage and hemosiderosis. This fungus produces a hemolysin, stachylysin, which in its apparent monomeric form has a molecular mass of 11,920 Da as determined by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. However, it appears to form polydispersed aggregates, which confounds understanding of the actual hemolytically active form. Exhaustive dialysis or heat treatment at 60 degrees C for 30 min inactivated stachylysin. Stachylysin is composed of about 40% nonpolar amino acids and contains two cysteine residues. Purified stachylysin required more than 6 h to begin lysing sheep erythrocytes, but by 48 h, lysis was complete. Stachylysin also formed pores in sheep erythrocyte membranes. JF - Infection and immunity AU - Vesper, S J AU - Magnuson, M L AU - Dearborn, D G AU - Yike, I AU - Haugland, R A AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Environmental Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA. Vesper.Stephen@EPA/gov Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - February 2001 SP - 912 EP - 916 VL - 69 IS - 2 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Hemolysin Proteins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Molecular Weight KW - Hemolysin Proteins -- isolation & purification KW - Hemolysin Proteins -- chemistry KW - Stachybotrys -- pathogenicity KW - Hemolysin Proteins -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70628467?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+immunity&rft.atitle=Initial+characterization+of+the+hemolysin+stachylysin+from+Stachybotrys+chartarum.&rft.au=Vesper%2C+S+J%3BMagnuson%2C+M+L%3BDearborn%2C+D+G%3BYike%2C+I%3BHaugland%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Vesper&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=912&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-03-15 N1 - Date created - 2001-02-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Appl Environ Microbiol. 2000 Jun;66(6):2678-81 [10831457] Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1951 Apr;76(4):852-4 [14844370] Microbiol Immunol. 1977;21(1):11-22 [16196] Nature. 1981 Dec 17;294(5842):665-7 [7031483] Microbiol Rev. 1984 Dec;48(4):326-43 [6394977] Infect Immun. 1985 Sep;49(3):765-9 [4040889] Am J Vet Res. 1988 Oct;49(10):1657-60 [2973271] Microb Pathog. 1986 Apr;1(2):125-38 [3508485] J Clin Invest. 1990 Jun;85(6):1746-53 [2189890] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1991 Apr;143(4 Pt 1):797-805 [1826193] J Clin Invest. 1991 Nov;88(5):1531-9 [1658043] Microbiol Rev. 1991 Dec;55(4):733-51 [1779933] Lab Invest. 1992 Mar;66(3):362-9 [1538589] Infect Immun. 1994 Nov;62(11):5154-6 [7927798] Arch Microbiol. 1996 Feb;165(2):73-9 [8593102] Infect Immun. 1996 Sep;64(9):3818-26 [8751934] Infect Immun. 1997 Oct;65(10):4299-308 [9317040] Adv Exp Med Biol. 1997;418:627-30 [9331730] Biochemistry. 1998 May 5;37(18):6387-93 [9572855] Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1998 Aug;152(8):757-62 [9701134] Pediatr Res. 1999 May;45(5 Pt 1):626-34 [10231855] Infect Immun. 1999 Jun;67(6):2763-8 [10338478] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1999 Jul;65(7):3175-81 [10388719] J Med Microbiol. 1975 May;8(2):279-87 [1142415] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ultrastructural nasal pathology in children chronically and sequentially exposed to air pollutants. AN - 70618631; 11159046 AB - Southwest Metropolitan Mexico City (SWMMC) children are repeatedly exposed to a complex mixture of air pollutants, including ozone, particulate matter, and aldehydes. Nasal biopsies taken from these children exhibit a wide range of histopathologic alterations: marked changes in ciliated and goblet cell populations, basal cell hyperplasia, squamous metaplasia, and mild dysplasias. We studied the ultrastructural features of 15 nasal biopsies obtained from clinically healthy children 4 to 15 yr of age, growing up in SWMMC. The results were compared with nasal biopsies from 11 children growing up in Veracruz and exposed to low pollutant levels. Ultrathin sections of nasal biopsies revealed an unremarkable mucociliary epithelium in control children, whereas SWMMC children showed an epithelium comprised of variable numbers of basal, ciliated, goblet, and squamous metaplastic as well as intermediate cells. Nascent ciliated cells, as evidenced by the presence of migratory kinetosomes, were common, as were ciliary abnormalities, including absent central microtubules, supernumerary central and peripheral tubules, ciliary microtubular discontinuities, and compound cilia. Dyskinesia associated with these abnormal cilia was suggested by the altered orientation of the central microtubules in closely adjacent cilia. A transudate was evident between epithelial cells, suggesting potential deficiencies in epithelial junction integrity. Particulate matter was present in heterolysosomal bodies in epithelial cells and it was also deposited in intercellular spaces. The severe structural alteration of the nasal epithelium together with the prominent acquired ciliary defects are likely the result of chronic airway injury in which ozone, particulate matter, and aldehydes are thought to play a crucial role. The nasal epithelium in SWMMC children is fundamentally disordered, and their mucociliary defense mechanisms are no longer intact. A compromised nasal epithelium has less ability to protect the lower respiratory tract and may potentially leave the distal acinar airways more vulnerable to reactive gases. Impairment of mucociliary clearance has the potential to increase the contact time between deposited mutagenic particulate matter and the epithelial surface, thus increasing the risk for nasal carcinogenesis. Chronic exposures to air pollutants affect the whole respiratory tract; the nasal epithelium is an accessible and valuable sentinel to monitor exposures to toxic or carcinogenic substances. JF - American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology AU - Calderón-Garcidueñas, L AU - Valencia-Salazar, G AU - Rodríguez-Alcaraz, A AU - Gambling, T M AU - García, R AU - Osnaya, N AU - Villarreal-Calderón, A AU - Devlin, R B AU - Carson, J L AD - Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico. calderon.lilian@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - February 2001 SP - 132 EP - 138 VL - 24 IS - 2 SN - 1044-1549, 1044-1549 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Respiratory System -- ultrastructure KW - Mexico KW - Humans KW - Child KW - Biopsy KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Female KW - Respiratory System -- drug effects KW - Nasal Mucosa -- ultrastructure KW - Nasal Mucosa -- drug effects KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70618631?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+respiratory+cell+and+molecular+biology&rft.atitle=Ultrastructural+nasal+pathology+in+children+chronically+and+sequentially+exposed+to+air+pollutants.&rft.au=Calder%C3%B3n-Garcidue%C3%B1as%2C+L%3BValencia-Salazar%2C+G%3BRodr%C3%ADguez-Alcaraz%2C+A%3BGambling%2C+T+M%3BGarc%C3%ADa%2C+R%3BOsnaya%2C+N%3BVillarreal-Calder%C3%B3n%2C+A%3BDevlin%2C+R+B%3BCarson%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Calder%C3%B3n-Garcidue%C3%B1as&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=132&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+respiratory+cell+and+molecular+biology&rft.issn=10441549&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-03-29 N1 - Date created - 2001-02-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transient puffs of trace organic emissions from a batch-fed waste propellant incinerator. AN - 70585887; 11219680 AB - Emissions data have been obtained from a waste propellant incinerator. The incinerator is a dual fixed hearth, controlled air incinerator equipped with acid gas and particulate scrubbing. "Puffing" has been evident in this waste propellant incinerator by spikes in the CO concentration. Transient puffs of organics may travel down the combustion chambers and lead to stack emissions. The major conclusions from this study are that (1) transient puffs are formed due to the semi-batch feed nature of the combustion process (causing a local oxygen deficiency) and high water content of the desensitized propellant; (2) in batch-fed combustors, puffs can contribute to most of the organic emissions (which are relatively low) measured with US EPA sampling and analytical methods; (3) it is estimated that batch-fed combustion contributes up to 7-18 times more emissions than steady-state combustion will generate; (4) by applying dispersion analyses to determine the amount of oxygen deficiency in the flame zone, the combustion zone concentration of CO during batch-fed operation could be as high as 160,000 ppm, compared to a measured peak stack concentration of 1200 ppm CO; and (5) an organic sample is collected and averaged over at least a 2-h period that smooths out the transient peaks of organics emissions during batch-fed operation. For emissions that are associated with long-term potential health impacts, this is an appropriate sampling method. However, if a compound has a short-term potential health impact, it may be important to measure the time-resolved emissions of the compound. JF - Chemosphere AU - Hart, J R AD - Department of Toxic Substances Control, California Environmental Protection Agency, Sacramento 95814, USA. jhart1@dtsc.ca.gov PY - 2001 SP - 559 EP - 569 VL - 42 IS - 5-7 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70585887?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Transient+puffs+of+trace+organic+emissions+from+a+batch-fed+waste+propellant+incinerator.&rft.au=Hart%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Hart&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=5-7&rft.spage=559&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-04-19 N1 - Date created - 2001-02-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Arsenic removal from contaminated water by the Soyatal Formation, Zimapan mining district, Mexico; a potential low-cost low-tech remediation system AN - 52155997; 2002-008376 AB - The groundwater in Zimapan, Mexico, has arsenic concentrations that range from below detection limits to >1 mg l (super -1) . Rural residents of the valley need a low-cost, low-tech remediation process to reduce the arsenic concentrations to <50 mu g l (super -1) , the Mexican drinking water standard. Laboratory experiments show that the arsenic remediation potential of the Soyatal Formation, an ubiquitous clay-rich limestone, is superior to that of other rocks from the region. Experimentally contaminated water (ECW) was produced by reacting de-ionized water with tailings. The ECW (0.6 mg As l (super -1) ) was then reacted with various rocks from the Zimapan region. Although all rocks caused a decrease in the aqueous arsenic concentration, the arsenic concentration was below detection limits (<0.030 mg l (super -1) ) in any ECW that had been reacted with the Soyatal Formation. Other experiments established that a rock:water weight ratio of 1:10 can reduce the aqueous arsenic concentration in native water from 0.5 mg l (super -1) to <0.030 mg l (super -1) . The calcareous shale of the Soyatal Formation contains kaolinite and illite. Both minerals are known to adsorb arsenic. The adsorptive characteristics of the Soyatal Formation may provide the basis for an acceptable low-cost low-tech remediation system. JF - Geochemistry - Exploration, Environment, Analysis AU - Ongley, Lois K AU - Armienta, M Aurora AU - Heggeman, Katherine AU - Lathrop, Alison S AU - Mango, Helen AU - Miller, Wynne AU - Pickelner, Shea A2 - Donovan, Joseph J. A2 - Rose, Arthur W. Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - February 2001 SP - 23 EP - 31 PB - Geological Society Publishing House, London VL - 1, Part 1 SN - 1467-7873, 1467-7873 KW - silicates KW - methods KW - limestone KW - water quality KW - technology KW - Zimapan mining district KW - environmental analysis KW - drinking water KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - sedimentary rocks KW - water pollution KW - geochemistry KW - Hidalgo Mexico KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - Zimapan Mexico KW - kaolinite KW - illite KW - hydrochemistry KW - cost KW - clay minerals KW - Soyatal Formation KW - Mexico KW - metals KW - sheet silicates KW - carbonate rocks KW - tailings KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52155997?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochemistry+-+Exploration%2C+Environment%2C+Analysis&rft.atitle=Arsenic+removal+from+contaminated+water+by+the+Soyatal+Formation%2C+Zimapan+mining+district%2C+Mexico%3B+a+potential+low-cost+low-tech+remediation+system&rft.au=Ongley%2C+Lois+K%3BArmienta%2C+M+Aurora%3BHeggeman%2C+Katherine%3BLathrop%2C+Alison+S%3BMango%2C+Helen%3BMiller%2C+Wynne%3BPickelner%2C+Shea&rft.aulast=Ongley&rft.aufirst=Lois&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=1%2C+Part+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochemistry+-+Exploration%2C+Environment%2C+Analysis&rft.issn=14677873&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://geea.lyellcollection.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from The Geological Society, London, London, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; carbonate rocks; clay minerals; cost; drinking water; environmental analysis; experimental studies; geochemistry; ground water; Hidalgo Mexico; hydrochemistry; illite; kaolinite; laboratory studies; limestone; metals; methods; Mexico; pollutants; pollution; remediation; sedimentary rocks; sheet silicates; silicates; Soyatal Formation; tailings; technology; water pollution; water quality; Zimapan Mexico; Zimapan mining district ER - TY - JOUR T1 - JSEM: A framework for identifying and evaluating indicators AN - 18173501; 5122548 AB - There are two issues in indicator development that have not been adequately addressed: (1) how to select an optimal combination of potentially redundant indicators that together best represent an endpoint, given cost constraints; (2) how to identify and evaluate indicators when the endpoint is unmeasured. This paper presents an approach to identifying and evaluating combinations of indicators when the mathematical relationships between the indicators and an endpoint may not be quantified, a limitation common to many ecological assessments. The approach uses the framework of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), which combines path analysis with measurement models, to formalize available information about potential indicators and to evaluate their potential adequacy for representing an endpoint. Unlike traditional applications of SEM which require data on all variables, our approach - judgement-based SEM (JSEM) - can utilize expert judgement regarding the strengths and shapes of indicator-endpoint relationships. JSEM is applied in two stages. First, a conceptual model that relates variables in a network of direct and indirect linkages is developed, and is used to identify indicators relevant to an endpoint. Second, an index of indicator strength - i.e., the strength of the relationship between the endpoint and a set of indicators - is calculated from estimates of correlation between the modeled variables, and is used to compare alternative sets of indicators. The second stage is most appropriate for large, long-term assessments. Although JSEM is not a statistical technique, basing JSEM on SEM provides a structure for validating the conceptual model and for refining the index of indicator strength as data become available. Our main objective is to contribute to a rigorous and consistent selection of indicators even when knowledge about the ability of indicators to represent an endpoint is limited to expert judgement. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Hyman, J B AU - Leibowitz, S G AD - Dynamac Corp. Environmental Services, U.S. EPA NHEERL, Corvallis, OR, USA, jeffh@mail.cor.epa.gov Y1 - 2001/02/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 01 SP - 207 EP - 232 VL - 66 IS - 3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - JSEM KW - Judgement-based Structural Equation Modeling KW - Validation KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Measurement KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Mathematical models KW - Measuring methods KW - Analytical techniques KW - Expert systems KW - Pollution indicators KW - Aquatic environment KW - Indicator species KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18173501?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=JSEM%3A+A+framework+for+identifying+and+evaluating+indicators&rft.au=Hyman%2C+J+B%3BLeibowitz%2C+S+G&rft.aulast=Hyman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution monitoring; Measurement; Analytical techniques; Pollution indicators; Aquatic environment; Indicator species; Environmental monitoring; Mathematical models; Measuring methods; Expert systems ER - TY - JOUR T1 - ENCORE: The Effect of Nutrient Enrichment on Coral Reefs. Synthesis of Results and Conclusions AN - 18071397; 4882684 AB - Coral reef degradation resulting from nutrient enrichment of coastal waters is of increasing global concern. Although effects of nutrients on coral reef organisms have been demonstrated in the laboratory, there is little direct evidence of nutrient effects on coral reef biota in situ. The ENCORE experiment investigated responses of coral reef organisms and processes to controlled additions of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (N) and/or phosphorus (P) on an offshore reef (One Tree Island) at the southern end of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. A multi-disciplinary team assessed a variety of factors focusing on nutrient dynamics and biotic responses. A controlled and replicated experiment [using nutrient enrichment] was conducted over two years using twelve small patch reefs ponded at low tide by a coral rim. A variety of biotic processes, assessed over a year during this initial nutrient loading phase, were not significantly affected, with the exception of coral reproduction, which was affected in all nutrient treatments. In Acropora longicyathus and A. aspera, fewer successfully developed embryos were formed, and in A. longicyathus fertilization rates and lipid levels decreased. Encrusting algae incorporated virtually none of the added nutrients. Organisms containing endosymbiotic zooxanthellae (corals and giant clams) assimilated dissolved nutrients rapidly and were responsive to added nutrients. Coral mortality, not detected during the initial low-loading phase, became evident with increased nutrient dosage, particularly in Pocillopora damicornis. Nitrogen additions stunted coral growth, and phosphorus additions had a variable effect. Coral calcification rate and linear extension increased in the presence of added phosphorus but skeletal density was reduced, making corals more susceptible to breakage. Settlement of all coral larvae was reduced in nitrogen treatments, yet settlement of larvae from brooded species was enhanced in phosphorus treatments. Recruitment of stomatopods, benthic crustaceans living in coral rubble, was reduced in nitrogen and nitrogen plus phosphorus treatments. Grazing rates and reproductive effort of various fish species were not affected by the nutrient treatments. Microbial nitrogen transformations in sediments were responsive to nutrient loading with nitrogen fixation significantly increased in phosphorus treatments and denitrification increased in all treatments to which nitrogen had been added. Rates of bioerosion and grazing showed no significant effects of added nutrients. ENCORE has shown that reef organisms and processes investigated in situ were impacted by elevated nutrients. Impacts were dependent on dose level, whether nitrogen and/or phosphorus were elevated and were often species-specific. The impacts were generally sub-lethal and subtle and the treated reefs at the end of the experiment were visually similar to control reefs. JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin AU - Koop, K AU - Booth, D AU - Broadbent, A AU - Brodie, J AU - Bucher, D AU - Capone, D AU - Coll, J AU - Dennison, W AU - Erdmann, M AU - Harrison, P AU - Hoegh-Guldberg, O AU - Hutchings, P AU - Jones, G B AU - Larkum, AWD AD - New South Wales Environment Protection Authority, P.O. Box A290, Sydney South, NSW 1232, Australia, koopk@epa.nsw.gov.au Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - Feb 2001 SP - 91 EP - 120 VL - 42 IS - 2 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - Acropora aspera KW - Acropora longicyathus KW - Australia, Great Barrier Reef KW - Australia, Queensland, Great Barrier Reef KW - ENCORE KW - Pocillopora damicornis KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Nutrient enrichment KW - Eutrophication KW - Coastal Waters KW - Nutrient loading KW - Zooxanthellae KW - Phosphorus KW - ISEW, Australia, Queensland, Great Barrier Reef, One Tree I. KW - Pollution effects KW - Biota KW - Sublethal Effects KW - Marine environment KW - Coral KW - Pollution indicators KW - Bioindicators KW - Recruitment KW - Environmental impact KW - Toxicity KW - Coastal waters KW - Lethal limits (see also Mortality, Toxicity) KW - Sublethal effects KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Coral reefs KW - Nutrients (mineral) KW - Toxicity (see also Lethal limits) KW - Pollution (Water) KW - Research programs KW - Skeleton KW - Nitrogen KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - D 04803:Pollution effects KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18071397?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.atitle=ENCORE%3A+The+Effect+of+Nutrient+Enrichment+on+Coral+Reefs.+Synthesis+of+Results+and+Conclusions&rft.au=Koop%2C+K%3BBooth%2C+D%3BBroadbent%2C+A%3BBrodie%2C+J%3BBucher%2C+D%3BCapone%2C+D%3BColl%2C+J%3BDennison%2C+W%3BErdmann%2C+M%3BHarrison%2C+P%3BHoegh-Guldberg%2C+O%3BHutchings%2C+P%3BJones%2C+G+B%3BLarkum%2C+AWD&rft.aulast=Koop&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Eutrophication; Zooxanthellae; Recruitment; Phosphorus; Environmental impact; Pollution effects; Coastal waters; Sublethal effects; Coral reefs; Coral; Nutrients (mineral); Pollution indicators; Nitrogen; Skeleton; Nutrient enrichment; Bioindicators; Biota; Marine environment; Nutrient loading; Research programs; Toxicity (see also Lethal limits); Pollution (Water); Lethal limits (see also Mortality, Toxicity); Sublethal Effects; Water Pollution Effects; Coastal Waters; Toxicity; ISEW, Australia, Queensland, Great Barrier Reef, One Tree I. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparison of sampling and analysis methods for low-ppbC levels of volatile organic compounds in ambient air AN - 17895616; 5137310 AB - A carefully designed study was conducted during the summer of 1998 to collect samples of ambient air by canisters and compare the analysis results to direct sorbent preconcentration results taken at the time of sample collection. Thirty-two 1 h sample sets were taken, each composed of a "near-real-time" sample analyzed by an autoGC-MS XonTech 930/Varian Saturn 2000 system, and Summa and Silco canisters. Hourly total non-methane organic carbon (TNMOC), ozone, and meteorological measurements were also made. Each canister was analyzed on the autoGC-MS system for a target list of 108 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and on a manual cryosampling GC-FID system. Comparisons were made between the collection and analysis methods. Because of the low sample loading (150-250 ppbC TNMOC), these comparisons were a stringent test of sample collection and analysis capabilities. The following specific conclusions may be drawn from this study. Reasonable precision (within 15% mean difference of duplicate analyses from the same canister) can be obtained for analyses of target VOCs at low-ppbC concentrations. Relative accuracy between the GC-MS and GC-FID analysis methods is excellent, as demonstrated by comparisons of analyses of the same canisters, if measurements are sufficiently above the detection limits. This is especially significant as the GC-MS and GC-FID were independently calibrated. While statistically significant differences may be observed between the results from canister and near-real-time samples, the differences were generally small and there were clear correlations between the canister results and the near-real-time results. Canister cleanliness limits detection below the EPA Method TO-14 acceptance standard of 0.2 ppbv (0.2-2 ppbC for target analytes). JF - Journal of Environmental Monitoring AU - Daughtrey, EH Jr AU - Oliver, K D AU - Adams, J R AU - Kronmiller, K G AU - Lonneman, WA AU - McClenny, WA AD - ManTech Environmental Technology, Inc., P.O. Box 12313, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA, daughtrey.hunter@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - Feb 2001 SP - 166 EP - 174 VL - 3 IS - 1 SN - 1464-0325, 1464-0325 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Organic carbon KW - Air sampling KW - Meteorology KW - Sampling methods KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - Ozone KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17895616?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Monitoring&rft.atitle=A+comparison+of+sampling+and+analysis+methods+for+low-ppbC+levels+of+volatile+organic+compounds+in+ambient+air&rft.au=Daughtrey%2C+EH+Jr%3BOliver%2C+K+D%3BAdams%2C+J+R%3BKronmiller%2C+K+G%3BLonneman%2C+WA%3BMcClenny%2C+WA&rft.aulast=Daughtrey&rft.aufirst=EH&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=166&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Monitoring&rft.issn=14640325&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fb007158g LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air sampling; Volatile organic compounds; Sampling methods; Ozone; Organic carbon; Meteorology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b007158g ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring cyclical air/water elemental mercury exchange AN - 17895503; 5137298 AB - Previous experimental work has demonstrated that elemental mercury evasion from natural water displays a diel cycle; evasion rates during the day can be two to three times evasion rates observed at night. A study with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) found that diurnal PCB air/water exchange rates exceeded nocturnal exchange rates by 32%. Given that the exchange rates of both PCBs and elemental mercury are dominated by the resistance in the aqueous thin film at the air/water interface and that water column elemental mercury concentrations in natural water bodies also display a diel cycle (and water column PCB concentrations do not) the findings here suggest that PCBs can serve as a tracer to assess the relative contribution of diel atmospheric temperature variations on elemental mercury air/water exchange rates. Using previously published data describing water column elemental mercury concentrations and the previously published diel mercury evasion model, four evasion scenarios are examined within the context of monitoring air/water toxicant exchange: constant atmospheric temperatures and constant water column elemental mercury concentrations; variable atmospheric temperatures and constant water column elemental mercury concentrations; constant atmospheric temperatures and variable water column elemental mercury concentrations; and variable atmospheric temperatures and variable water column elemental mercury concentrations. A scenario of monthly elemental mercury air/water exchange also is examined (at constant atmospheric and water column elemental mercury concentrations). Some of the findings include: (1) atmospheric temperature variations do have a significant effect on air/water toxicant exchange; (2) diel atmospheric temperature variations become more significant to overall diel toxicant exchange rates the closer the air/water system is to equilibrium conditions; (3) for refractory toxicants, average diel exchange rates are best estimated by averaging datasets obtained over a 24 h period or, at minimum, by measuring exchange rates at average atmospheric temperature values; (4) for elemental mercury, variable diel water column concentrations are likely to be the dominant contributor to variations in diel evasion rates; (5) diel atmospheric temperature variations amplify the magnitudes of both diel mercury evasion and absorption events and can shift maximum evasion rates to later in the day; (6) variations in monthly elemental mercury air/water exchange rates may exceed diel variations; and (7) 24 h and monthly monitoring efforts will likely be required to accurately describe diel and annual elemental mercury air/water exchange in a given system. JF - Journal of Environmental Monitoring AU - Loux, N T AD - Ecosystem Research Division, National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 960 College Station Road, Athens GA 30605, USA, loux.nick@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - Feb 2001 SP - 43 EP - 48 VL - 3 IS - 1 SN - 1464-0325, 1464-0325 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Diurnal variations KW - Temperature KW - Air-water interactions KW - Mercury KW - PCB compounds KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17895503?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Monitoring&rft.atitle=Monitoring+cyclical+air%2Fwater+elemental+mercury+exchange&rft.au=Loux%2C+N+T&rft.aulast=Loux&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Monitoring&rft.issn=14640325&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fb005545j LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mercury; Air-water interactions; Diurnal variations; PCB compounds; Temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b005545j ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Methylmercury and Mercuric Chloride on Differentiation and Cell Viability in PC12 Cells AN - 17879217; 5113940 AB - The effects of methylmercury (CH sub(3)Hg) or mercuric chloride (HgCl sub(2)) on neurite outgrowth and cell viability were quantified using undifferentiated (unprimed) and differentiated (primed) pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells. In unprimed cells, following 24-h exposure, CH sub(3)Hg significantly decreased NGF-stimulated neurite outgrowth at concentrations of 0.3-3 mu M. However, HgCl sub(2) significantly increased both neurite outgrowth and the number of branch points, a component of neurite outgrowth. In primed PC12 cells, following 24-h exposure, both CH sub(3)Hg and HgCl sub(2) inhibited NGF-stimulated neurite outgrowth with an EC sub(50) of approximately 0.03 mu M; however, there was a difference between CH sub(3)Hg and HgCl sub(2) effects on the subcomponents of total neurite outgrowth. CH sub(3)Hg significantly decreased both the number of branch points (0.3 mu M) and fragment length (0.01 mu M), while HgCl sub(2) only decreased fragment length (0.03 mu M). Cell viability was assessed in the same cultures by trypan-blue exclusion. In unprimed cells, the EC sub(50) for cytotoxicity of CH sub(3)Hg in the presence and absence of NGF was 0.21 plus or minus 0.04 and 0.87 plus or minus 0.12 mu M, respectively, and for HgCl sub(2) in the presence and absence of NGF was 8.18 plus or minus 1.52 and 5.02 plus or minus 0.74 mu M, respectively. In primed cells, the EC sub(50) for cytotoxicity of CH sub(3)Hg in the presence or absence of NGF was 1.17 plus or minus 0.38 and 0.73 plus or minus 0.14 mu M, respectively, and for HgCl sub(2) in the presence or absence of NGF was 3.96 plus or minus 0.82 and 3.81 plus or minus 0.91 mu M, respectively. In the primed PC12 model, cytotoxicity occurred at concentrations that were at least 30-fold higher than the EC sub(50) for neurite outgrowth, suggesting that the mercurial compounds can act selectively on the process of differentiation. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Parran, D K AU - Mundy, W R AU - Barone, S Jr AD - Cellular and Molecular Toxicology Branch, Neurotoxicology Division, Mail Drop 74-B, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory (NHEERL), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - Feb 2001 SP - 278 EP - 290 VL - 59 IS - 2 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - cells KW - PC12 cells KW - mercuric chloride KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Heavy metals KW - Differentiation KW - Pheochromocytoma cells KW - Dimethylmercury KW - Mercury KW - Axons KW - X 24164:Pathology KW - N3 11101:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17879217?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Methylmercury+and+Mercuric+Chloride+on+Differentiation+and+Cell+Viability+in+PC12+Cells&rft.au=Parran%2C+D+K%3BMundy%2C+W+R%3BBarone%2C+S+Jr&rft.aulast=Parran&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=278&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Dimethylmercury; Mercury; Heavy metals; Axons; Pheochromocytoma cells; Differentiation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the sample size used for the rapid bioassessment of rivers using macroinvertebrates AN - 17875221; 5120725 AB - Stream biological monitoring programs using benthic invertebrates have been implemented in all States and Territories of Australia in recent years. Although some variations exist in sorting strategies, all have adopted a rapid bioassessment approach with the collection of a single large sample from specified habitats at a site. However, the adequacy of the size of the sample collected has never been assessed. In this study, we examined data collected from rivers in three different States (Victoria, Queensland and Western Australia - each from a distinct bioregion of Australia), from four habitats (riffles, edges, macrophytes and pool rocks) and collected over four sample sizes (smaller and larger than that the national standard of 10 m or 10-20 pool rocks). We also used a subset of the data to examine the interaction of taxonomic resolution (family vs species) with sample size. All samples were collected using a live sorting approach which aimed at maximizing taxa richness while collecting about 200 animals. We found that the current recommended sample size adequately described the invertebrate community at a site in comparison to samples of other sizes. There were some differences between the States and these varied with habitat. In some instances, smaller sized samples would be adequate for monitoring purposes. Taxonomic level had little effect with only the riffle species samples showing a significant difference between sizes in contrast to the family level data which showed no difference. JF - Hydrobiologia AU - Metzeling, L AU - Miller, J AD - Environment Protection Authority, 40 City Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia, Leon.Metzeling@epa.vic.gov.au Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - Feb 2001 SP - 159 EP - 170 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 444 IS - 1-3 SN - 0018-8158, 0018-8158 KW - Australia KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Animals (Invertebrates) (see also Individual groups) KW - Macroinvertebrates KW - Freshwater KW - Bioassay KW - Sampling KW - Bioindicators KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Rivers KW - Biological Sampling KW - Macrofauna KW - Habitat KW - Streams (in natural channels) KW - Macrophytes KW - Community composition KW - Benthic Environment KW - Monitoring KW - Zoobenthos KW - Biological sampling KW - Riffles KW - Benthos KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q1 08382:Ecological techniques and apparatus KW - Q1 08462:Benthos KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - D 04001:Methodology - general KW - Z 05156:Techniques UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17875221?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrobiologia&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+sample+size+used+for+the+rapid+bioassessment+of+rivers+using+macroinvertebrates&rft.au=Metzeling%2C+L%3BMiller%2C+J&rft.aulast=Metzeling&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=444&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrobiologia&rft.issn=00188158&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Environmental monitoring; Community composition; Habitat; Biological sampling; Zoobenthos; Macrofauna; Sampling; Monitoring; Animals (Invertebrates) (see also Individual groups); Streams (in natural channels); Benthos; Bioindicators; Macrophytes; Benthic Environment; Biological Sampling; Macroinvertebrates; Riffles; Bioassay; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon emissions and economic development: future trajectories based on historical experience AN - 17873923; 5113979 AB - This paper estimates the historic relationship between carbon emissions and GDP using data across countries and across time. We combine this relationship with plausible projections for GDP and population growth to construct a model that offers insights into the likely path of global emissions in the next century. In addition, we experiment with a method for incorporating oil prices into the model. Our analysis provides independent confirmation of the business-as-usual forecasts generated by the larger structural models. JF - Environment and Development Economics AU - Heil, M T AU - Selden, T M AD - Indoor Environments Division, Environmental Protection Agency, tselden@ahcpr.gov Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - Feb 2001 SP - 63 EP - 83 VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1355-770X, 1355-770X KW - population growth KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Historical account KW - Carbon KW - Economics KW - Environmental impact KW - Emissions KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17873923?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+and+Development+Economics&rft.atitle=Carbon+emissions+and+economic+development%3A+future+trajectories+based+on+historical+experience&rft.au=Heil%2C+M+T%3BSelden%2C+T+M&rft.aulast=Heil&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+and+Development+Economics&rft.issn=1355770X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Economics; Carbon; Emissions; Environmental impact; Historical account ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gender-Dependent Behavioral and Sensory Effects of a Commercial Mixture of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (Aroclor 1254) in Rats AN - 17873403; 5113939 AB - Developmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) has been associated with behavioral and cognitive deficits in humans and animal models. Perinatal exposure to PCBs has also been associated with sensory deficits in animal models. These effects were hypothesized to be mediated in part by ortho-substituted PCBs, which do not or weakly bind to the aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor. The present studies were designed to determine whether perinatal exposure to Aroclor 1254, a commercial mixture of > 99% ortho-substituted PCBs, would affect cognitive and sensory function in Long-Evans rats. Adult male and female offspring of female rats fed Aroclor 1254 (Lot #124-191; doses of 0, 1, or 6 mg/kg/day; gestational day 6 through postnatal day 21; n = eight/group) were trained to perform a signal detection task capable of assessing sensory thresholds. Training included autoshaping and operant conditioning. Thresholds for detecting a 1-s light stimulus were determined under background illuminations ranging from 2 lux to complete darkness. Female rats exposed to Aroclor 1254 autoshaped more rapidly than control females, at a rate akin to control males. Control females had lower thresholds than control males at all levels of background illumination. These differences were abolished by Aroclor 1254, which reduced thresholds in males and increased thresholds in females. These data extend previous findings of gender-specific effects of PCBs on neurobehavioral development to measures of acquisition and sensory function. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Geller, A M AU - Oshiro, WM AU - Haykal-Coates, N AU - Kodavanti, PRS AU - Bushnell, P J AD - Neurotoxicology Division, MD-74B, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - Feb 2001 SP - 268 EP - 277 VL - 59 IS - 2 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - rats KW - Aroclor 1254 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Sense functions KW - Behavior KW - Sex differences KW - PCB KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17873403?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Gender-Dependent+Behavioral+and+Sensory+Effects+of+a+Commercial+Mixture+of+Polychlorinated+Biphenyls+%28Aroclor+1254%29+in+Rats&rft.au=Geller%2C+A+M%3BOshiro%2C+WM%3BHaykal-Coates%2C+N%3BKodavanti%2C+PRS%3BBushnell%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Geller&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=268&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - PCB; Behavior; Sense functions; Sex differences ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An overview of EPA regulation of the safe disposal of transuranic waste at the waste isolation pilot plant AN - 17857822; 5109641 AB - In March of 1999, the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) in southeast New Mexico, the world's first deep geological repository for radioactive materials, began receiving defense-related transuranic waste. The WIPP was designed and constructed by the U.S. Department of Energy, but critical to its opening was certification by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency that the repository complies with the radioactive waste disposal regulations set forth as environmental radiation protection standards (40 CFR Part 191) and compliance criteria (40 CFR Part 194). This paper provides a summary of the regulatory process, including the Environmental Protection Agency's waste containment, groundwater protection, and individual dose regulations for the WIPP; the Department of Energy's performance assessment and the other parts of its compliance certification application; and the Environmental Protection Agency's review and analysis of the compliance certification application and related documentation. JF - Health Physics AU - Wolbarst, AB AU - Forinash, E K AU - Byrum, C O AU - Peake, R T AU - Marcinowski, F III AU - Kruger, MU AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Radiation and Indoor Air (6608J), Ariel Rios Building, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington, DC 20460, USA, wolbarst.anthony@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - Feb 2001 SP - 110 EP - 125 VL - 80 IS - 2 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - USA, New Mexico KW - transuranics KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Government regulations KW - Waste disposal KW - Federal regulations KW - Radioactive wastes KW - EPA KW - Hazardous wastes KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17857822?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=An+overview+of+EPA+regulation+of+the+safe+disposal+of+transuranic+waste+at+the+waste+isolation+pilot+plant&rft.au=Wolbarst%2C+AB%3BForinash%2C+E+K%3BByrum%2C+C+O%3BPeake%2C+R+T%3BMarcinowski%2C+F+III%3BKruger%2C+MU&rft.aulast=Wolbarst&rft.aufirst=AB&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=110&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; Hazardous wastes; Radioactive wastes; Government regulations; Waste disposal; Federal regulations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation of 1-year-old Populus tremuloides response to ozone stress at Ithaca, USA, and Suwon, Republic of Korea AN - 17840032; 4872878 AB - The growth of 1-year-old aspen was simulated using TREGRO, a computer simulation model of individual tree growth, to assess potential effects of ozone (O sub(3)). TREGRO was parameterized using information from a field experiment conducted at Ithaca, NY, USA; the model was then applied using environmental information from Suwon, Korea, where O sub(3) exposures of aspen had not been conducted. In the parameterization at Ithaca, the simulated and measured total biomass differed by about 3% and the differences between measured and simulated biomass gain of leaf, shoot, and root were 15.4, 8.3, and 4.4%, respectively. Simulating growth at Suwon required adjustment in growth rates to match measured growth due to the different weather conditions at the two cities. The assimilated carbon was evenly distributed to each tissue (foliage, branch, stem, coarse, fine roots) in Suwon, whereas it was mainly allocated to vigorous stem growth in Ithaca. The vigorous growth under Suwon conditions resulted in less total non-structural carbon and perhaps trees more vulnerable to O sub(3) stress. Although the ambient O sub(3) in Suwon (1.2 ppm times h of sum of the hourly concentrations greater than 0.06 ppm [SUM06]) was lower than that in Ithaca (2.1 ppm times h of SUM06), a reduction of 8% of total assimilated carbon was found compared to simulation without O sub(3). Severe effects on root growth at elevated O sub(3) (1.7 times ambient) were predicted; however, the effects on leaf growth would not be as severe. JF - Environmental Pollution AU - Yun, S-C AU - Park, E W AU - Laurence, JA AD - c/o US EPA, 200 SW 35th Street, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA, jal6@cornell.edu Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - Feb 2001 SP - 253 EP - 260 VL - 112 IS - 2 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - TREGRO KW - Korea, Suwon KW - Populus tremuloides KW - USA, New York, Ithaca KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Growth KW - Trees KW - Pollution effects KW - Simulation KW - Ozone KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17840032?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Pollution&rft.atitle=Simulation+of+1-year-old+Populus+tremuloides+response+to+ozone+stress+at+Ithaca%2C+USA%2C+and+Suwon%2C+Republic+of+Korea&rft.au=Yun%2C+S-C%3BPark%2C+E+W%3BLaurence%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Yun&rft.aufirst=S-C&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=253&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Pollution&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Trees; Simulation; Growth; Ozone; Pollution effects ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biological response to variation of acid-volatile sulfides and metals in field-exposed spiked sediments AN - 17810701; 4854172 AB - Vertical and temporal variations of acid-volatile sulfides (AVS) and simultaneously extracted metals (SEM) in sediment can control biological impacts of metals. To assess the significance of these variations in field sediments, sediments spiked with cadmium, copper, lead, nickel, and zinc were deployed in Narragansett Bay for four months and recolonization by benthic organisms investigated. In surface sediments, concentrations of AVS decreased with time whenever AVS exceeded SEM but remained unchanged when AVS was less than SEM; in subsurface sediments, concentrations increased slightly. Concentrations of total SEM decreased with time only in surface sediments in which SEM exceeded AVS. Metals were not detected in interstitial waters of sediments where AVS exceeded SEM but were significant when SEM exceeded AVS and followed the order of solubilities of their sulfides. Concentrations in interstitial waters decreased with time, but exceeded U.S. Environmental Protection Agency chronic water quality criteria for 56 to 119 d. After 119 d, faunal assemblages in all treatments were similar to controls. Lack of biological response was related to vertical distributions of AVS and SEM. Biological exposure took place in near-surface sediments, where AVS exceeded SEM in even the highest treatments. Therefore, concentrations of metals in interstitial waters were low and consequently biological impacts were undetectable. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Boothman, W S AU - Hansen, D J AU - Berry, W J AU - Robson, D L AU - Helmstetter, A AU - Corbin, J M AU - Pratt, S D AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA, boothman.warren@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - Feb 2001 SP - 264 EP - 272 VL - 20 IS - 2 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - USA, Rhode Island, Narragansett Bay KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Aquatic organisms KW - Heavy metals KW - Nickel KW - Sediment KW - Pollution effects KW - Copper KW - Lead KW - Sulphides KW - Zinc KW - Pollutant persistence KW - Cadmium KW - Bays KW - Metals KW - Sediment pollution KW - Copper (see also Cuprosolvency, Heavy metals) KW - Sulfides KW - Water Quality KW - Sediments KW - Heavy Metals KW - Water pollution KW - Sulfide KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - ANW, USA, Rhode Island, Narragansett Bay KW - Marine organisms KW - Pollution (Water) KW - Water quality (Natural waters) KW - Benthos KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - X 24166:Environmental impact KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17810701?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Biological+response+to+variation+of+acid-volatile+sulfides+and+metals+in+field-exposed+spiked+sediments&rft.au=Boothman%2C+W+S%3BHansen%2C+D+J%3BBerry%2C+W+J%3BRobson%2C+D+L%3BHelmstetter%2C+A%3BCorbin%2C+J+M%3BPratt%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Boothman&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=264&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sulphides; Sediment pollution; Heavy metals; Pollutant persistence; Pollution effects; Aquatic organisms; Sulfide; Zinc; Nickel; Cadmium; Copper; Lead; Benthos; Sulfides; Marine organisms; Water pollution; Bays; Metals; Copper (see also Cuprosolvency, Heavy metals); Sediment; Pollution (Water); Water quality (Natural waters); Water Pollution Effects; Water Quality; Heavy Metals; Sediments; ANW, USA, Rhode Island, Narragansett Bay ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lead isotopic and chalcophile element compositions in the environment near a zinc smelting-secondary zinc recovery facility, Palmerton, Pennsylvania, USA AN - 1464885330; 2013-089308 AB - The environment surrounding Palmerton, Pennsylvania is contaminated with Pb arising from primary Zn smelting and a process involving Zn recovery from electric arc steel furnace dusts. Lead isotope systematics have been used to distinguish primary Zn smelting Pb ( (super 206) Pb/ (super 204) Pb approximately 18.4-18.5) from electric arc furnace dust lead ( (super 206) Pb/ (super 204) Pb approximately 19.0-19.1). Primary Zn smelting is the dominant source of Pb in O2 horizon soils from undisturbed near-Palmerton locations, which contain up to 3570 ppm Pb and 782 ppm Cd. Soils from undeveloped near-Palmerton locations also exhibit unusually elevated concentrations of other sphalerite-derived chalcophilic elements (Se, Ag, In, Sb, Te, Au, Hg, Tl and Bi); indium concentrations of up to 17.0 ppm are observed therein. Residential soils and dusts from Palmerton contain Pb which is largely explainable via mixing of Pb from primary Zn smelting and electric arc furnace dusts. Approximately 80% of the Pb in airborne particulate matter sampled at Palmerton in 1991 is derived from electric arc furnace dusts, and atmospheric enrichment factors for Cu, Sb, Pb, and Bi are observed which confirm this major source contribution. Residential samples from a control location contain Pb which is less radiogenic than is found in Palmerton, and exhibit no unusual elevation in sphalerite elements. Lead source discrimination in the Palmerton environment via Pb isotopic and elemental constituents approaches result in parallel conclusions. Abstract Copyright (2001) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Ketterer, Michael E AU - Lowry, Joe H AU - Simon, John, Jr AU - Humphries, Kenneth AU - Novotnak, Mark P Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - February 2001 SP - 207 EP - 229 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York-Beijing VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - United States KW - isotopes KW - mass spectra KW - lead KW - stable isotopes KW - radioactive isotopes KW - sediments KW - spectra KW - horizons KW - chemical composition KW - Pb-207/Pb-206 KW - smelting KW - Pb-207/Pb-204 KW - Jim Thorpe Pennsylvania KW - soils KW - Palmerton Pennsylvania KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - Pb-206/Pb-204 KW - isotope ratios KW - zinc ores KW - Carbon County Pennsylvania KW - pollution KW - recovery KW - metals KW - dust KW - metal ores KW - Pb-208/Pb-204 KW - Pennsylvania KW - Pb-208/Pb-206 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464885330?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Lead+isotopic+and+chalcophile+element+compositions+in+the+environment+near+a+zinc+smelting-secondary+zinc+recovery+facility%2C+Palmerton%2C+Pennsylvania%2C+USA&rft.au=Ketterer%2C+Michael+E%3BLowry%2C+Joe+H%3BSimon%2C+John%2C+Jr%3BHumphries%2C+Kenneth%3BNovotnak%2C+Mark+P&rft.aulast=Ketterer&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0883-2927%2800%2900029-9 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08832927 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon County Pennsylvania; chemical composition; clastic sediments; dust; horizons; isotope ratios; isotopes; Jim Thorpe Pennsylvania; lead; mass spectra; metal ores; metals; Palmerton Pennsylvania; Pb-206/Pb-204; Pb-207/Pb-204; Pb-207/Pb-206; Pb-208/Pb-204; Pb-208/Pb-206; Pennsylvania; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; recovery; sediments; smelting; soils; spectra; stable isotopes; United States; zinc ores DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0883-2927(00)00029-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field demonstration of pervaporation for the separation of volatile organic compounds from a surfactant-based soil remediation fluid. AN - 70554258; 11118689 AB - As part of a Department of Defense project, the US Environmental Protection Agency was responsible for designing, building and field operating a pilot-scale pervaporation unit. The field site was an active dry cleaning facility on the grounds of Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune in Jacksonville, NC. The overall goal of the project was to remove tetrachloroethylene (PCE) from the soil beneath the dry cleaning shop using a surfactant-based soil remediation fluid and to recycle/reuse the surfactant. In order to reinject the recovered surfactant, the pervaporation unit was required to achieve an average 95% removal of contaminants from the extracted fluid over the duration of the test period. PCE removal averaged 95.8% during peak surfactant levels and exceeded 99.9% in the absence of surfactant, thereby meeting the reinjection requirement. Removal of a group of secondary contaminants at the site, termed Varsol compounds, was monitored via concentrations of three Varsol marker compounds: decane, undecane and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene. The pervaporation system processed 100,000 gal of groundwater and surfactant solution over a period of 70 days. In order to evaluate and validate process performance, a variety of process variables and properties were monitored over the course of the demonstration. Pervaporation costs are projected to be on the order of $20 per 1000 gal of surfactant solution treated for a moderate size system (10 gpm). JF - Journal of hazardous materials AU - Vane, L M AU - Hitchens, L AU - Alvarez, F R AU - Giroux, E L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. vane.leland@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/01/29/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jan 29 SP - 141 EP - 166 VL - 81 IS - 1-2 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Surface-Active Agents KW - Tetrachloroethylene KW - TJ904HH8SN KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Equipment Design KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Surface-Active Agents -- chemistry KW - North Carolina KW - Temperature KW - Volatilization KW - Decontamination -- methods KW - Tetrachloroethylene -- chemistry KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70554258?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+hazardous+materials&rft.atitle=Field+demonstration+of+pervaporation+for+the+separation+of+volatile+organic+compounds+from+a+surfactant-based+soil+remediation+fluid.&rft.au=Vane%2C+L+M%3BHitchens%2C+L%3BAlvarez%2C+F+R%3BGiroux%2C+E+L&rft.aulast=Vane&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-01-29&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+hazardous+materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-03-01 N1 - Date created - 2001-02-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - K-ras mutations in mouse lung tumors of extreme age: independent of paternal preconceptional exposure to chromium(III) but significantly more frequent in carcinomas than adenomas. AN - 70584869; 11152972 AB - Preconceptional exposure of male NIH Swiss mice to chromium(III) chloride resulted in increased incidence of neoplastic and non-neoplastic changes in their progeny, including lung tumors in females [Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 158 (1999) 161-176]. Since mutations in the K-ras protooncogene are frequent, early changes in mouse lung tumors, we investigated possible mutational activation of this gene as a mechanism for preconceptional carcinogenesis by chromium(III). These offspring had lived until natural death at advanced ages (average 816+/-175 days for controls, 904+/-164 for progeny of chromium-treated fathers). Mutations of K-ras, analyzed by single-strand conformation polymorphism and sequencing, were, in codon 12, wild type GGT (glycine), to GAT (aspartic acid); to GTT (valine); and to CGT (arginine); and in codon 61, wild-type CAA (glutamine), to CGA (arginine). K-ras mutation frequencies in lung tumors were very similar in control progeny (4/14) and in progeny of chromium-treated fathers (5/15). Thus, germline mutation or tendency to spontaneous mutation in K-ras does not seem to be part of the mechanism of preconceptional carcinogenesis here. However, an additional interesting observation was that K-ras mutations were much more frequent in lung carcinomas (8/16) than in adenomas (1/13) (P=0.02), for all progeny combined. This was not related to age of the tumor-bearing mice or the size of the tumors. K-ras mutations may contribute to malignant tumor progression during aging, of possible relevance to the putative association of such mutations with poor prognosis of human lung adenocarcinomas. JF - Mutation research AU - McKenna, I M AU - Ramakrishna, G AU - Diwan, B A AU - Shiao, Y H AU - Kasprzak, K S AU - Powell, D A AU - Anderson, L M AD - Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxic Substances, Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. mckenna.ilda@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/01/25/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jan 25 SP - 57 EP - 65 VL - 490 IS - 1 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Chromium KW - 0R0008Q3JB KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Age Factors KW - Paternal Exposure KW - Mice KW - Male KW - Female KW - Genes, ras KW - Adenoma -- chemically induced KW - Point Mutation KW - Lung Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Lung Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Chromium -- toxicity KW - Adenoma -- genetics KW - Carcinoma -- genetics KW - Carcinoma -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70584869?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=K-ras+mutations+in+mouse+lung+tumors+of+extreme+age%3A+independent+of+paternal+preconceptional+exposure+to+chromium%28III%29+but+significantly+more+frequent+in+carcinomas+than+adenomas.&rft.au=McKenna%2C+I+M%3BRamakrishna%2C+G%3BDiwan%2C+B+A%3BShiao%2C+Y+H%3BKasprzak%2C+K+S%3BPowell%2C+D+A%3BAnderson%2C+L+M&rft.aulast=McKenna&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=2001-01-25&rft.volume=490&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-03-29 N1 - Date created - 2001-01-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of a Salmonella microsuspension bioassay to detect the mutagenicity of munitions compounds at low concentrations. AN - 70563318; 11152971 AB - Past production and handling of munitions has resulted in soil contamination at various military facilities. Depending on the concentrations present, these soils pose both a reactivity and toxicity hazard and the potential for groundwater contamination. Many munitions-related chemicals have been examined for mutagenicity in the Ames test, but because the metabolites may be present in low environmental concentrations, a more sensitive method is needed to elucidate the associated mutagenicity. RDX (hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine), TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene), tetryl (N-methyl-N-2,4,6-tetranitroaniline), TNB (1,3,5-trinitrobenzene) and metabolites were examined for mutagenicity in a microsuspension modification of the Salmonella histidine reversion assay with and without metabolic activation. TNB and tetryl were positive in TA98 (32.5, 5.2revertants/nmole) and TA100 (7.4, 9.5revertants/nmole) without metabolic activation and were more potent than TNT (TA98, 0.3revertants/nmole; TA100, 2.4revertants/nmole). With the exception of the tetranitroazoxytoluene derivatives, TNT metabolites were less mutagenic than TNT. RDX and two metabolites were negative in both strains, however, hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitroso-1,3,5-triazine was positive in TA100 with and without S9. Microsuspension bioassay results tend to correlate well with published Ames test data, however, there are discrepancies among the published data sets and the microsuspension assay results. JF - Mutation research AU - George, S E AU - Huggins-Clark, G AU - Brooks, L R AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. george.elizabeth@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/01/25/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jan 25 SP - 45 EP - 56 VL - 490 IS - 1 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Aniline Compounds KW - 0 KW - Nitrobenzenes KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Triazines KW - Trinitrobenzenes KW - Trinitrotoluene KW - 118-96-7 KW - sym-trinitrobenzene KW - 2H75703R1X KW - nitramine KW - GJ18911991 KW - cyclonite KW - W91SSV5831 KW - Index Medicus KW - Trinitrobenzenes -- analysis KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- metabolism KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Triazines -- analysis KW - Trinitrotoluene -- analysis KW - Trinitrotoluene -- toxicity KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- drug effects KW - Aniline Compounds -- toxicity KW - Nitrobenzenes -- analysis KW - Triazines -- toxicity KW - Trinitrobenzenes -- metabolism KW - Trinitrotoluene -- metabolism KW - Triazines -- metabolism KW - Nitrobenzenes -- toxicity KW - Trinitrobenzenes -- toxicity KW - Aniline Compounds -- analysis KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- genetics KW - Industry KW - Soil Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Firearms KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- methods KW - Soil Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70563318?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Use+of+a+Salmonella+microsuspension+bioassay+to+detect+the+mutagenicity+of+munitions+compounds+at+low+concentrations.&rft.au=George%2C+S+E%3BHuggins-Clark%2C+G%3BBrooks%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=George&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-01-25&rft.volume=490&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-03-29 N1 - Date created - 2001-01-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Removal of methyl tert-butyl ether from water by pervaporation: bench- and pilot-scale evaluations. AN - 70852961; 11347615 AB - The ability of pervaporation to remove methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) from water was evaluated at bench and pilot scales. Process parameters studied included flow rate, temperature, MTBE concentration, membrane module type, and permeate pressure. Pervaporation performance was assessed based on the calculated mass transport coefficient of MTBE, the single-pass removal of MTBE (only at the pilot scale), and the fluxes of water and MTBE. The observations for MTBE are compared to results for toluene and 1,1,1-trichloroethane, compounds for which removal by pervaporation has been demonstrated. MTBE removal and mass transfer coefficients were lower than for toluene and trichloroethane. However, MTBE removal efficiency improved significantly with increasing process temperatures from 40 to 80 degrees C. With one of the pilot-scale systems, MTBE removal efficiency approached that of the other VOCs. The observed response of pervaporation performance to temperature was attributed to the strong effect of temperature on the Henry's law constant of MTBE. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Vane, L M AU - Alvarez, F R AU - Mullins, B AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA. vane.leland@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/01/15/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jan 15 SP - 391 EP - 397 VL - 35 IS - 2 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Methyl Ethers KW - 0 KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - methyl tert-butyl ether KW - 29I4YB3S89 KW - Index Medicus KW - Evaluation Studies as Topic KW - Pilot Projects KW - Water -- chemistry KW - Methyl Ethers -- isolation & purification KW - Methyl Ethers -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70852961?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Removal+of+methyl+tert-butyl+ether+from+water+by+pervaporation%3A+bench-+and+pilot-scale+evaluations.&rft.au=Vane%2C+L+M%3BAlvarez%2C+F+R%3BMullins%2C+B&rft.aulast=Vane&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-01-15&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-05-31 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using internet search engines and library catalogs to locate toxicology information. AN - 70641030; 11164979 AB - The increasing importance of the Internet demands that toxicologists become aquainted with its resources. To find information, researchers must be able to effectively use Internet search engines, directories, subject-oriented websites, and library catalogs. The article will explain these resources, explore their benefits and weaknesses, and identify skills that help the researcher to improve search results and critically evaluate sources for their relevancy, validity, accuracy, and timeliness. JF - Toxicology AU - Wukovitz, L D AD - Pollution Prevention Information Clearinghouse, United States Environmental Protection Agency, 7407 Ariel Rios Building, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington, DC 20460, USA. dassler.laura@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/01/12/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jan 12 SP - 121 EP - 139 VL - 157 IS - 1-2 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Index Medicus KW - Information Services KW - Catalogs, Library KW - Toxicology KW - Internet UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70641030?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Using+internet+search+engines+and+library+catalogs+to+locate+toxicology+information.&rft.au=Wukovitz%2C+L+D&rft.aulast=Wukovitz&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-01-12&rft.volume=157&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-03-15 N1 - Date created - 2001-02-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicology information resources at the Environmental Protection Agency. AN - 70640090; 11164972 AB - Article presents toxicology information resources available to the public from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This includes digital information directly usable or downloadable from their web site, or referrals as to where the resource can be obtained. Contents include advice on effective search strategies, a 'guided tour' of the web site and its main categories, and concludes with an extensive annotated bibliography of toxicological databases. JF - Toxicology AU - Poore, L M AU - King, G AU - Stefanik, K AD - GCI Information Services, c/o Office of Prevention, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Ariel Rios Building, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., 401 M Street SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA. poore.linda@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/01/12/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jan 12 SP - 11 EP - 23 VL - 157 IS - 1-2 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Information Services KW - Toxicology KW - Internet UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70640090?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Toxicology+information+resources+at+the+Environmental+Protection+Agency.&rft.au=Poore%2C+L+M%3BKing%2C+G%3BStefanik%2C+K&rft.aulast=Poore&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-01-12&rft.volume=157&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-03-15 N1 - Date created - 2001-02-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicology information from US government agencies AN - 17860307; 4881833 AB - This article describes information resources of toxicological or chemical interest that are available electronically from US federal government agencies. Topics covered include hazard assessment, risk assessment, chemical testing, food safety, hazardous waste, and occupational safety and health. JF - Toxicology AU - Brinkhuis, R P AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, Information Management Division (7407), 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20460, USA, brinkhuis.randall@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/01/12/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jan 12 SP - 25 EP - 49 VL - 157 IS - 1-2 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - information KW - toxicology KW - USA KW - information technology KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Food KW - Occupational safety KW - Government policy KW - Hazards KW - Chemical pollution KW - Data bases KW - Occupational exposure KW - Toxicology KW - Government policies KW - Wastes KW - Databases KW - Reviews KW - Hazardous wastes KW - Government agencies KW - H 14000:Toxicology KW - X 24250:Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17860307?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Toxicology+information+from+US+government+agencies&rft.au=Brinkhuis%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Brinkhuis&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-01-12&rft.volume=157&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Digital Information and Tools, Part I. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Government policies; Toxicology; Food; Occupational exposure; Hazardous wastes; Occupational safety; Risk assessment; Government agencies; Data bases; Reviews; Hazards; Wastes; Databases; Chemical pollution; Government policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identifying sensitive aquifers in Ohio AN - 928891585; 2012-029274 JF - Midwest Ground Water Conference AU - Kenah, C AU - Slattery, M W AU - Slattery, L D AU - Bradbury, Ken Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 15 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 46 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - overburden KW - human activity KW - quarries KW - landfills KW - data KW - pollution KW - nitrates KW - mapping KW - hydrogeology KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - volatile organic compounds KW - waste disposal KW - water pollution KW - geochemistry KW - Ohio KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/928891585?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.atitle=Identifying+sensitive+aquifers+in+Ohio&rft.au=Kenah%2C+C%3BSlattery%2C+M+W%3BSlattery%2C+L+D%3BBradbury%2C+Ken&rft.aulast=Kenah&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 46th annual Midwest ground water conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03005 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; data; drinking water; geochemistry; ground water; hazardous waste; human activity; hydrogeology; landfills; mapping; nitrates; Ohio; organic compounds; overburden; pollution; quarries; United States; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; waste disposal; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of particulate matter in exacerbation of atopic asthma. AN - 77061286; 11306943 AB - Increasing evidence shows that elevated levels of particulate matter (PM) can exacerbate existing asthma, while evidence that PM can promote the induction of asthma is limited. PM in ambient air has been associated with increased emergency room visits and medication use by asthmatics. Controlled human exposure studies of acid aerosols suggest increased responses among adolescent asthmatics. Increased ambient and indoor levels of bioaerosols (e.g., house dust mite, fungal spores, endotoxin) have been associated with exacerbation of asthma. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) studies focus on the effects of exposing humans and animal models to a combination of various PM samples (e.g., diesel exhaust particles, oil fly ash) and allergens (e.g., house dust mite, ovalbumin). These research efforts to understand the mechanisms by which PM exposure can promote allergic sensitization and exacerbate existing asthma concentrate on the role of transition metals. Exposure of animal models to combined PM and allergen promotes allergic sensitization and increases allergic inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness. Exposure of healthy human volunteers to emission source PM samples promotes inflammation and increased indices of oxidant formation correlating with the quantity of transition metals in the samples. Results of these studies suggest that transition metals in ambient PM promote the formation of reactive oxygen species and subsequent lung injury, inflammation, and airway hyperresponsiveness leading to airflow limitation and symptoms of asthma. Copyright 2001 S. Karger AG, Basel JF - International archives of allergy and immunology AU - Gavett, S H AU - Koren, H S AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 2001 SP - 109 EP - 112 VL - 124 IS - 1-3 SN - 1018-2438, 1018-2438 KW - Allergens KW - 0 KW - Cytokines KW - Gasoline KW - Metals, Heavy KW - Ovalbumin KW - 9006-59-1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Allergens -- immunology KW - Animals KW - Ovalbumin -- immunology KW - Cytokines -- biosynthesis KW - Humans KW - Mites -- immunology KW - Mice KW - Metals, Heavy -- adverse effects KW - Rats KW - Bronchial Hyperreactivity -- immunology KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- immunology KW - Models, Immunological KW - Gasoline -- adverse effects KW - Th2 Cells -- immunology KW - Asthma -- epidemiology KW - Hypersensitivity, Immediate -- immunology KW - Air Pollution -- adverse effects KW - Hypersensitivity, Immediate -- epidemiology KW - Asthma -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77061286?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+archives+of+allergy+and+immunology&rft.atitle=The+role+of+particulate+matter+in+exacerbation+of+atopic+asthma.&rft.au=Gavett%2C+S+H%3BKoren%2C+H+S&rft.aulast=Gavett&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=124&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+archives+of+allergy+and+immunology&rft.issn=10182438&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-05-17 N1 - Date created - 2001-04-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a 950-gene DNA array for examining gene expression patterns in mouse testis. AN - 77056836; 11305942 AB - Over the past five years, interest in and use of DNA array technology has increased dramatically, and there has been a surge in demand for different types of arrays. Although manufacturers offer a number of pre-made arrays, these are generally of utilitarian design and often cannot accommodate the specific requirements of focused research, such as a particular set of genes from a particular tissue. We found that suppliers did not provide an array to suit our particular interest in testicular toxicology, and therefore elected to design and produce our own. We describe the procedures used by members of the US Environmental Protection Agency MicroArray Consortium (EPAMAC) to produce a mouse testis expression array on both filter and glass-slide formats. The approaches used in the selection and assembly of a pertinent, nonredundant list of testis-expressed genes are detailed. Hybridization of the filter arrays with normal and bromochloroacetic acid-treated mouse testicular RNAs demonstrated that all the selected genes on the array were expressed in mouse testes. We have assembled two lists of mouse (950) and human (960) genes expressed in the mouse and/or human adult testis, essentially all of which are available as sequence-verified clones from public sources. Of these, 764 are homologous and will therefore enable close comparison of gene expression between murine models and human clinical testicular samples. JF - Genome biology AU - Rockett, J C AU - Christopher Luft, J AU - Brian Garges, J AU - Krawetz, S A AU - Hughes, M R AU - Hee Kirn, K AU - Oudes, A J AU - Dix, D J AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. rockett.john@epa.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 1 VL - 2 IS - 4 KW - RNA KW - 63231-63-0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Hot Temperature KW - Animals KW - RNA -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Transcription, Genetic KW - Middle Aged KW - Mice KW - Male KW - RNA -- genetics KW - Gene Expression Profiling KW - Testis -- metabolism KW - Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77056836?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Genome+biology&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+950-gene+DNA+array+for+examining+gene+expression+patterns+in+mouse+testis.&rft.au=Rockett%2C+J+C%3BChristopher+Luft%2C+J%3BBrian+Garges%2C+J%3BKrawetz%2C+S+A%3BHughes%2C+M+R%3BHee+Kirn%2C+K%3BOudes%2C+A+J%3BDix%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Rockett&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=RESEARCH0014&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Genome+biology&rft.issn=1474-760X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-07 N1 - Date created - 2001-04-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Xenobiotica. 2000 Feb;30(2):155-77 [10718123] Biotechniques. 2000 Sep;29(3):548-50, 552-4, 556 passim [10997270] Science. 1991 Feb 15;251(4995):767-73 [1990438] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Jan 18;91(2):584-8 [8290567] Environ Health Perspect. 1999 Aug;107(8):681-5 [10417368] Biotechniques. 1995 Sep;19(3):442-7 [7495558] Nat Biotechnol. 1996 Dec;14(13):1675-80 [9634850] Mol Reprod Dev. 1998 Dec;51(4):373-80 [9820195] Science. 1995 Oct 20;270(5235):467-70 [7569999] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bench-scale studies on the simultaneous formation of PCBs and PCDD/Fs from combustion systems. AN - 77016000; 11280982 AB - The presence of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the environment has wide-ranging potential ecological and health impacts on animals and humans. A significant amount of experimental and theoretical work has been performed the examining formation and control of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), which account for only part of the EDCs being emitted from combustion devices. Generally accepted mechanistic theories for PCDD/F formation propose heterogeneous reactions in the cooler regions of the combustor involving gas-phase organic precursors (such as chlorobenzenes or chlorophenols), a chlorine donor [such as hydrogen chloride (HCl)], and a flyash-bound metallic catalyst (such as copper chloride). There is evidence that some other proposed EDCs, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), are formed through a similar mechanistic pathway as PCDD/Fs. In addition, there is evidence that certain important steps in the catalytic reaction between the copper catalyst and the organic precursors may suggest a common rate limiting step for the heterogeneous formation of the previously mentioned EDCs. This paper reports on a bench-scale experimental study to characterize a newly built reactor system that was built to: produce levels and distributions of PCDD/F production similar to those achieved by previous researchers; verify similar responses to changes in independent variables; examine the hypothesis that PCB formation rates exhibit trends similar to PCDD/F formation rates as reactor variables are changed; and begin to explore the dependence of PCB formation on temperature and precursor type. The reactor system has been built, and initial reactor characterization studies have been performed. Initial experiments yielded results that support the hypothesis of a similar formation mechanism of PCBs and PCDD/Fs in combustors. Initial experiments uncovered potential deficiencies with the reactor system and the experimental procedures and have suggested corrective action to improve the experimental system. JF - Waste management (New York, N.Y.) AU - Lemieux, P M AU - Lee, C W AU - Ryan, J V AU - Lutes, C C AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. lemieux.paul@epa.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 419 EP - 425 VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0956-053X, 0956-053X KW - Benzofurans KW - 0 KW - Chlorobenzenes KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - Chlorobenzenes -- metabolism KW - Temperature KW - Carbon -- metabolism KW - Catalysis KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analogs & derivatives KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analysis KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- chemistry KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- chemistry KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- analysis KW - Incineration -- instrumentation KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis KW - Benzofurans -- analysis KW - Benzofurans -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77016000?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waste+management+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Bench-scale+studies+on+the+simultaneous+formation+of+PCBs+and+PCDD%2FFs+from+combustion+systems.&rft.au=Lemieux%2C+P+M%3BLee%2C+C+W%3BRyan%2C+J+V%3BLutes%2C+C+C&rft.aulast=Lemieux&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=419&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Waste+management+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=0956053X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-08-09 N1 - Date created - 2001-04-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential patterns of nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin-3 mRNA and protein levels in developing regions of rat brain. AN - 77015498; 11274792 AB - The present studies were undertaken to characterize the regional and temporal patterns of neurotrophin messenger RNA and protein levels for beta-nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin-3 in the developing CNS. We have examined the levels of these neurotrophin messenger RNAs with ribonuclease protection assays and corresponding protein levels with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in the developing Long-Evans rat hippocampus, neocortex and cerebellum on postnatal days 1, 7, 14, 21, and 92. In addition, immunohistochemistry was used to localize the neurotrophins in these developing brain regions. Results indicated that in neocortex and hippocampus, messenger RNA for both nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor increased in an age-dependent manner, reaching a plateau by postnatal day 14. In the neocortex, nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein levels both peaked at postnatal day 14. In hippocampus, nerve growth factor protein peaked at postnatal day 7 while brain-derived neurotrophic factor peaked at postnatal day 14. In cerebellum, nerve growth factor messenger RNA levels were flat, while nerve growth factor protein peaked at postnatal day 7. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor messenger RNA increased in an age-dependent manner while the pattern for its protein levels was mixed. Neurotrophin-3 messeger RNA levels increased in an age-dependent manner in hippocampus, peaked at postnatal day14 in cerebellum, and no changes occurred in neocortex. Neurotrophin-3 protein was at its peak at postnatal day 1 and thereafter decreased at other postnatal days in all three brain regions. Results of neurotrophin immunohistochemistry often paralleled and complemented enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay data, demonstrating specific cell groups containing neurotrophin proteins in these regions. Within each region, patterns with regard to messenger RNA and respective protein levels for each neurotrophin were unique. No consistent relationship between patterns of neurotrophin messenger RNAs and their cognate proteins was observed between regions. The different regional patterns for neurotrophin messengerRNA and protein levels in each brain region indicate that messenger RNA studies of neurotrophin messenger RNA must be augmented by protein determination to fully characterize spatial and temporal neurotrophin distribution. JF - Neuroscience AU - Das, K P AU - Chao, S L AU - White, L D AU - Haines, W T AU - Harry, G J AU - Tilson, H A AU - Barone, S AD - Neurotoxicology Division, Cellular and Molecular Toxicology Branch, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, RTP, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 739 EP - 761 VL - 103 IS - 3 SN - 0306-4522, 0306-4522 KW - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor KW - 0 KW - Neurotrophin 3 KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Nerve Growth Factor KW - 9061-61-4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Neocortex -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Rats, Long-Evans KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Neurotrophin 3 -- genetics KW - Aging -- metabolism KW - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor -- metabolism KW - RNA, Messenger -- metabolism KW - Neurotrophin 3 -- metabolism KW - Nerve Growth Factor -- metabolism KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Nerve Growth Factor -- genetics KW - Brain -- growth & development KW - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77015498?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Differential+patterns+of+nerve+growth+factor%2C+brain-derived+neurotrophic+factor+and+neurotrophin-3+mRNA+and+protein+levels+in+developing+regions+of+rat+brain.&rft.au=Das%2C+K+P%3BChao%2C+S+L%3BWhite%2C+L+D%3BHaines%2C+W+T%3BHarry%2C+G+J%3BTilson%2C+H+A%3BBarone%2C+S&rft.aulast=Das&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=739&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuroscience&rft.issn=03064522&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-06-21 N1 - Date created - 2001-03-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Method development and implementation for co-planar polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). AN - 77011950; 11280988 AB - The Emission Measurement Center (EMC) in the Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards was directed to conduct an emissions test program at a sewage sludge incinerator in support of a Maximum Achievable Control Technology (MACT) standard. One pollutant category of concern at these facilities was polychlorinated biphenyls, or PCBs. An objective of the test program was to measure co-planar PCBs in the incinerator emissions, the sewage sludge introduced to the incinerator, and the scrubber water effluent used in controlling the incinerator emissions. Co-planar PCB congeners are those having four or more chlorine atoms with only a few substitutions in the ortho positions, i.e. positions designated 2, 2', 6, and 6'. Thirteen PCB compounds are sometimes referred to as the "WHO PCBs," because the World Health Organization (WHO) has derived toxic equivalency factors for these congeners. Studies have shown that these dioxin-like compounds can react with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. This same reaction is believed to initiate adverse health effects for dioxin and furan congeners. In order to conduct the co-planer PCB testing, the EMC had to develop analytical methods that could measure the 13 co-planar PCBs. The purpose of the test program was to develop, evaluate, and implement analytical test methods capable of measuring co-planar PCBs in three matrices: incinerator stack gases, sewage sludge, and scrubber water effluents. The paper summarizes the initial development work that was performed in preparation of analytical test protocols that could measure co-planar PCBs in air, water, and sludge matrices. Following the method development, a MACT emissions test program was conducted at a sewage sludge facility in July 1999 and these data are also summarized in the paper. JF - Waste management (New York, N.Y.) AU - Riley, C E AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Emission Monitoring and Analysis Division, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. riley.gene@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 465 EP - 470 VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0956-053X, 0956-053X KW - Dioxins KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Furans KW - Sewage KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - World Health Organization KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Furans -- chemistry KW - Dioxins -- chemistry KW - Quality Control KW - Incineration -- methods KW - Water -- analysis KW - Sewage -- analysis KW - Environmental Pollutants -- standards KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- standards KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- analysis KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77011950?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waste+management+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Method+development+and+implementation+for+co-planar+polychlorinated+biphenyls+%28PCBs%29.&rft.au=Riley%2C+C+E&rft.aulast=Riley&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=465&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Waste+management+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=0956053X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-08-09 N1 - Date created - 2001-04-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparing cognitive and screening tests for neurotoxicity. Effects of acute chlorpyrifos on visual signal detection and a neurobehavioral test battery in rats. AN - 77009298; 11274874 AB - It is often assumed that cognitive function is more sensitive to neurotoxic chemicals than are the unconditioned behaviors employed in neurobehavioral screens; however, direct comparisons of the sensitivity of these test methods are lacking. The present studies were conducted to compare the effects of the widely used cholinesterase-inhibiting insecticide, chlorpyrifos (O,O'-diethyl O-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl phosphorothionate, CPF), on a visual signal detection task (SDT) with its effects on a neurobehavioral test battery. Adult male Long-Evans rats were trained to perform the SDT, dosed with CPF, and then assessed with both test instruments. Oral CPF (50 mg/kg) impaired signal detection for 8 days, and subcutaneous CPF (250 mg/kg) did so for 4 weeks. CPF (30 and 50 mg/kg po and 250 mg/kg sc) also lowered activity in the test battery for up to 18 days. Thus, CPF impaired attention and altered behavior in the test battery in the same dose ranges under two very different dosing scenarios. JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Bushnell, P J AU - Moser, V C AU - Samsam, T E AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, MD-74B, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. bushnell.philip@cpa.gov PY - 2001 SP - 33 EP - 44 VL - 23 IS - 1 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Neurotoxins KW - Butyrylcholinesterase KW - EC 3.1.1.- KW - Acetylcholinesterase KW - EC 3.1.1.7 KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - JCS58I644W KW - Index Medicus KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - Rats, Long-Evans KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Pain KW - Acetylcholinesterase -- blood KW - Touch KW - Rats KW - Drug Evaluation, Preclinical -- methods KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Butyrylcholinesterase -- blood KW - Signal Detection, Psychological -- drug effects KW - Cognition -- drug effects KW - Chlorpyrifos -- toxicity KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Neurotoxins -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77009298?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=Comparing+cognitive+and+screening+tests+for+neurotoxicity.+Effects+of+acute+chlorpyrifos+on+visual+signal+detection+and+a+neurobehavioral+test+battery+in+rats.&rft.au=Bushnell%2C+P+J%3BMoser%2C+V+C%3BSamsam%2C+T+E&rft.aulast=Bushnell&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-06-14 N1 - Date created - 2001-03-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pesticides and public health: integrated methods of mosquito management. AN - 77006527; 11266290 AB - Pesticides have a role in public health as part of sustainable integrated mosquito management. Other components of such management include surveillance, source reduction or prevention, biological control, repellents, traps, and pesticide-resistance management. We assess the future use of mosquito control pesticides in view of niche markets, incentives for new product development, Environmental Protection Agency registration, the Food Quality Protection Act, and improved pest management strategies for mosquito control. JF - Emerging infectious diseases AU - Rose, R I AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA. Bob.I.Rose@usda.gov PY - 2001 SP - 17 EP - 23 VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1080-6040, 1080-6040 KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Insecticide Resistance KW - Humans KW - Public Health KW - Mosquito Control KW - Pesticides -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77006527?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Emerging+infectious+diseases&rft.atitle=Pesticides+and+public+health%3A+integrated+methods+of+mosquito+management.&rft.au=Rose%2C+R+I&rft.aulast=Rose&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Emerging+infectious+diseases&rft.issn=10806040&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-06-07 N1 - Date created - 2001-03-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Emerg Infect Dis. 2000 Jul-Aug;6(4):319-28 [10905964] Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1998 Jul;59(1):95-9 [9684635] Comment In: Emerg Infect Dis. 2001 Jul-Aug;7(4):761-2 [11585548] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of endocrine disruptors: approaches, issues, and uncertainties. AN - 72414892; 11820607 AB - This paper focuses on the quantitative risk assessment of environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) to human health. An EDC can be defined as an exogenous agent that interferes with the normal endocrine signaling and communication mechanisms. The normal feedback control system of natural hormones is responsible for regulatory mechanisms that maintain homeostasis. Hormones deliver their message to target cells by interacting with receptors, initiating signal transduction, gene transcription, and mRNA translation, and ultimately leading to cellular response. Because effects of EDCs include diverse disease endpoints such as cancer, reproductive toxicity, developmental toxicity, immune system effects, acute toxicity, and neurotoxicity, risk assessment of EDCs is necessarily endpoint-specific. From the quantitative viewpoint, it is best to model the normal endocrinology and then extend the model to include impacts attributable to a particular exogenous agent. A practical approach to such a complex process is to break the spectrum of biochemical and biological events into modular components: e.g., pharmacokinetics, biochemical/molecular (including cellular signaling), and cellular response/dynamics. A flexible mathematical procedure that is capable of modeling each of these components is suggested. However, a real biologically based model is not yet feasible because of a lack of necessary biological information. A challenge to risk assessors is how to develop a hybrid risk assessment approach that can use the limited biological information available for a specific agent and avoid relying on a default approach that incorporates no biological information. The USEPA's default approach is to derive benchmark dose (BMD) or benchmark concentration (BMC) on the basis of a predetermined empirical dose-response model. BMD (or BMC) is the highest dose (or concentration and duration) of exposure that is considered unlikely to cause adverse effects in a human population, including sensitive subgroups. Data from two studies are used to stimulate discussion of issues and the needs for new quantitative approaches and data for assessing endocrine disruptors. Statistical concepts about threshold effect and the U-shaped dose-response relationship are also discussed. This report is a condensed version of the one to be published in the monograph of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop, Endocrine Disrupters and Carcinogenesis Risk Assessment" held May 8-12, 2001, in Bialystok, Poland. JF - Folia histochemica et cytobiologica AU - Chen, C W AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 20 EP - 23 VL - 39 Suppl 2 SN - 0239-8508, 0239-8508 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Probability KW - Humans KW - Endocrine System Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Endocrine System -- drug effects KW - Models, Statistical KW - Risk Assessment -- methods KW - Endocrine System Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72414892?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Folia+histochemica+et+cytobiologica&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+endocrine+disruptors%3A+approaches%2C+issues%2C+and+uncertainties.&rft.au=Chen%2C+C+W&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=39+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Folia+histochemica+et+cytobiologica&rft.issn=02398508&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-06-21 N1 - Date created - 2002-01-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interactive effects of CO2 and O3 on a ponderosa pine plant/litter/soil mesocosm. AN - 72397172; 11789925 AB - To study individual and combined impacts of two important atmospheric trace gases, CO2 and O3, on C and N cycling in forest ecosystems; a multi-year experiment using a small-scale ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Laws.) seedling/soil/litter system was initiated in April 1998. The experiment was conducted in outdoor, sun-lit chambers where aboveground and belowground ecological processes could be studied in detail. This paper describes the approach and methodology used, and presents preliminary data for the first two growing seasons. CO2 treatments were ambient and elevated (ambient + 280 ppm). O3 treatments were elevated (hourly averages to 159 ppb, cumulative exposure > 60 ppb O3, SUM 06 approximately 10.37 ppm h), and a low control level (nearly all hourly averages <40 ppb. SUM 06 approximately 0.07 ppm h). Significant (P < 0.05) individual and interactive effects occurred with elevated CO2 and elevated O3. Elevated CO2 increased needle-level net photosynthetic rates over both seasons. Following the first season, the highest photosynthetic rates were for trees which had previously received elevated O3 in addition to elevated CO2. Elevated CO2 increased seedling stem diameters, with the greatest increase at low O3. Elevated CO2 decreased current year needle % N in the summer. For 1-year-old needles measured in the fall there was a decrease in % N with elevated CO2 at low O3, but an increase in % N with elevated CO2 at elevated O3. Nitrogen fixation (measured by acetylene reduction) was low in ponderosa pine litter and there were no significant CO2 or O3 effects. Neither elevated CO2 nor elevated O3 affected standing root biomass or root length density. Elevated O3 decreased the % N in coarse-fine (1-2 mm diameter) but not in fine (< 1 mm diameter) roots. Both elevated CO2 and elevated O3 tended to increase the number of fungal colony forming units (CFUs) in the AC soil horizon, and elevated O3 tended to decrease bacterial CFUs in the C soil horizon. Thus, after two growing seasons we showed interactive effects of O3 and CO2 in combination, in addition to responses to CO2 or O3 alone for a ponderosa pine plant/litter/soil system. JF - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) AU - Olszyk, D M AU - Johnson, M G AU - Phillips, D L AU - Seidler, R J AU - Tingey, D T AU - Watrud, L S AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA. olszyk.david@epa.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 447 EP - 462 VL - 115 IS - 3 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - Soil KW - 0 KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - 142M471B3J KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - Nitrogen KW - N762921K75 KW - Index Medicus KW - Stem Cells -- drug effects KW - Plant Leaves -- metabolism KW - Drug Interactions KW - Plant Roots -- drug effects KW - Pinus ponderosa KW - Carbon -- metabolism KW - Biomass KW - Nitrogen -- metabolism KW - Plant Roots -- metabolism KW - Ecosystem KW - Soil Microbiology KW - Plant Leaves -- drug effects KW - Equipment Design KW - Plant Roots -- growth & development KW - Soil -- analysis KW - Atmosphere Exposure Chambers KW - Fungi -- drug effects KW - Plant Leaves -- growth & development KW - Forestry KW - Carbon Dioxide -- administration & dosage KW - Pinus -- metabolism KW - Photosynthesis -- drug effects KW - Ozone -- pharmacology KW - Pinus -- drug effects KW - Ozone -- administration & dosage KW - Pinus -- growth & development KW - Carbon Dioxide -- pharmacology KW - Photosynthesis -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72397172?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.atitle=Interactive+effects+of+CO2+and+O3+on+a+ponderosa+pine+plant%2Flitter%2Fsoil+mesocosm.&rft.au=Olszyk%2C+D+M%3BJohnson%2C+M+G%3BPhillips%2C+D+L%3BSeidler%2C+R+J%3BTingey%2C+D+T%3BWatrud%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Olszyk&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=115&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=447&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-05-10 N1 - Date created - 2002-01-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dredging impact on an urbanized Florida bayou: effects on benthos and algal-periphyton. AN - 72275829; 11706789 AB - Environmental effects of dredging events have been uncommonly reported for shallow, residential estuaries characteristic of the Gulf of Mexico region. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of hydraulic dredging on an urbanized estuary. Physicochemical quality, benthic community composition, whole sediment toxicity, periphytic algal community composition and trace metal tissue quality were determined prior to and after dredging. The effects on surface water pH, dissolved oxygen, and temperature were negligible but photosynthetically active radiation was decreased at several stations. Dredging significantly reduced benthic diversity and density (P < 0.05). However, the sediments were not acutely toxic to the epibenthic, Americamysis bahia (formerly Mysidopsis bahia); survival averaged 93% (post-dredging) and to 98% (pre-dredging). There were several post-dredging taxonomic structural changes in the diatom-dominated, periphyton community but differences in mean density and three diversity indices were not significant. Trace metal concentration in periphyton after dredging were reduced from an average of 4-65% and significantly for mercury, zinc and chromium in several areas. It was concluded that the environmental impact of small-scale dredging events in urbanized near-coastal areas, based on the selected parameters, are likely to be localized and of short-term environmental consequence. The choice of the target biota, response parameters and chemical analysis are important considerations in the environmental impact assessment of these periodic episodic events. JF - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) AU - Lewis, M A AU - Weber, D E AU - Stanley, R S AU - Moore, J C AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561-5299, USA. lewis.michael@epa.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 161 EP - 171 VL - 115 IS - 2 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - Metals, Heavy KW - 0 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Environment KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Urbanization KW - Water Movements KW - Seawater -- chemistry KW - Geologic Sediments -- chemistry KW - Soil Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Crustacea -- growth & development KW - Geologic Sediments -- analysis KW - Eukaryota -- drug effects KW - Eukaryota -- growth & development KW - Crustacea -- drug effects KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis KW - Metals, Heavy -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72275829?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.atitle=Dredging+impact+on+an+urbanized+Florida+bayou%3A+effects+on+benthos+and+algal-periphyton.&rft.au=Lewis%2C+M+A%3BWeber%2C+D+E%3BStanley%2C+R+S%3BMoore%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=115&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-04-03 N1 - Date created - 2001-11-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Accreditation at the US EPA-NEIC. National Enforcement Investigations Center. AN - 71330906; 12465711 AB - The US Environmental Protection Agency-National Enforcement Investigations Center (NEIC) of Denver, Colorado is the specialty technical arm of the Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance (OECA) within the US EPA. NEIC is a center for technical support nationwide to state, local, tribal, and federal environmental enforcement and compliance assurance programs. NEIC is a source of expertise for technical analysis, compliance monitoring, engineering evaluations, forensic laboratory activities, information management, computer forensics, and witness testimony. Effective 1 February 2001, NEIC was granted accreditation for overall environmental measurement activities that include field sampling, field measurements and monitoring, and laboratory measurements. NEIC became the first and only environmental forensic center in the United States to be granted this type of accreditation. The accreditation criteria incorporates nationally and internationally accepted forensic and quality management standards. Awarded by the National Forensic Science Technology Center (NFSTC), the NEIC Accreditation Standard was developed for conducting environmental measurements while adhering to forensic requirements in specific areas. The NEIC Accreditation Standard is based on ISO/IEC Guide 25 and ANSI/ASQC E4-1994, and it references specific aspects of the American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors/Laboratory Accreditation Board (ASCLD/LAB) Manual. JF - Quality assurance (San Diego, Calif.) AU - Hughes, B A AU - Nottingham, K E AU - Suggs, J A AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance (OECA), National Enforcement Investigations Center (NEIC), Denver Federal Center, Denver, Colorado 80225-0027, USA. hughes.barbara@epa.gov PY - 2001 SP - 31 EP - 41 VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 1052-9411, 1052-9411 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Total Quality Management KW - Information Management KW - Organizational Objectives KW - Colorado KW - Planning Techniques KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- organization & administration KW - Guideline Adherence KW - Environmental Monitoring -- standards KW - Accreditation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71330906?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.atitle=Accreditation+at+the+US+EPA-NEIC.+National+Enforcement+Investigations+Center.&rft.au=Hughes%2C+B+A%3BNottingham%2C+K+E%3BSuggs%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Hughes&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.issn=10529411&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-03-10 N1 - Date created - 2002-12-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three-dimensional computer modeling of the human upper respiratory tract. AN - 71295787; 11894845 AB - Computer simulations of airflow and particle-transport phenomena within the human respiratory system have important applications to aerosol therapy (e.g., the targeted delivery of inhaled drugs) and inhalation toxicology (e.g., the risk assessment of air pollutants). A detailed description of airway morphology is necessary for these simulations to accurately reflect conditions in vivo. Therefore, a three-dimensional (3D) physiologically realistic computer model of the human upper-respiratory tract (URT) has been developed. The URT morphological model consists of the extrathoracic (ET) region (nasal, oral, pharyngeal, and laryngeal passages) and upper airways (trachea and main bronchi) of the lung. The computer representation evolved from a silicone rubber impression of a medical school teaching model of the human head and throat. A mold of this ET system was sliced into 2-mm serial sections, scanned, and digitized. Numerical grids, for use in future computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, were generated for each slice using commercially available software (CFX-F3D), AEA Technology, Harwell, UK. The meshed sections were subsequently aligned and connected to be consistent with the anatomical model. Finally, a 3D curvilinear grid and a multiblock method were employed to generate the complete computational mesh defined by the cross-sections. The computer reconstruction of the trachea and main bronchi was based on data from the literature (cited herein). The final unified 3D computer model may have significant applications to aerosol medicine and inhalation toxicology, and serve as a cornerstone for computer simulations of air flow and particle-transport processes in the human respiratory system. JF - Cell biochemistry and biophysics AU - Martonen, T B AU - Zhang, Z AU - Yu, G AU - Musante, C J AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. martonen.ted@epa.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 255 EP - 261 VL - 35 IS - 3 SN - 1085-9195, 1085-9195 KW - Index Medicus KW - Software KW - Bronchi -- anatomy & histology KW - Computer Simulation KW - Humans KW - Trachea -- anatomy & histology KW - Models, Anatomic KW - Respiratory System -- anatomy & histology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71295787?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cell+biochemistry+and+biophysics&rft.atitle=Three-dimensional+computer+modeling+of+the+human+upper+respiratory+tract.&rft.au=Martonen%2C+T+B%3BZhang%2C+Z%3BYu%2C+G%3BMusante%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Martonen&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=255&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cell+biochemistry+and+biophysics&rft.issn=10859195&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-26 N1 - Date created - 2002-03-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hazardous air pollutants: inside and out. AN - 71195305; 11571409 JF - Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974) AU - Smuts, M AD - US Environmental Protection Agency-New England, Boston, MA 02114, USA. smuts.marybeth@epamail.epa.gov PY - 2001 SP - 58 EP - 60 VL - 116 IS - 1 SN - 0033-3549, 0033-3549 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Environmental Health KW - Public Health Practice KW - Humans KW - Needs Assessment KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- organization & administration KW - Risk Assessment -- organization & administration KW - Environmental Monitoring -- standards KW - Models, Statistical KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- statistics & numerical data KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- prevention & control KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71195305?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Public+health+reports+%28Washington%2C+D.C.+%3A+1974%29&rft.atitle=Hazardous+air+pollutants%3A+inside+and+out.&rft.au=Smuts%2C+M&rft.aulast=Smuts&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=58&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Public+health+reports+%28Washington%2C+D.C.+%3A+1974%29&rft.issn=00333549&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-10-11 N1 - Date created - 2001-09-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A physiologically based toxicokinetic model for lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush). AN - 70864115; 11090894 AB - A physiologically based toxicokinetic (PB-TK) model for fish, incorporating chemical exchange at the gill and accumulation in five tissue compartments, was parameterized and evaluated for lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush). Individual-based model parameterization was used to examine the effect of natural variability in physiological, morphological, and physico-chemical parameters on model predictions. The PB-TK model was used to predict uptake of organic chemicals across the gill and accumulation in blood and tissues in lake trout. To evaluate the accuracy of the model, a total of 13 adult lake trout were exposed to waterborne 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (TCE), pentachloroethane (PCE), and hexachloroethane (HCE), concurrently, for periods of 6, 12, 24 or 48 h. The measured and predicted concentrations of TCE, PCE and HCE in expired water, dorsal aortic blood and tissues were generally within a factor of two, and in most instances much closer. Variability noted in model predictions, based on the individual-based model parameterization used in this study, reproduced variability observed in measured concentrations. The inference is made that parameters influencing variability in measured blood and tissue concentrations of xenobiotics are included and accurately represented in the model. This model contributes to a better understanding of the fundamental processes that regulate the uptake and disposition of xenobiotic chemicals in the lake trout. This information is crucial to developing a better understanding of the dynamic relationships between contaminant exposure and hazard to the lake trout. JF - Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) AU - Lien, G J AU - McKim, J M AU - Hoffman, A D AU - Jenson, C T AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, MN, USA. lien.gregory@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/01// PY - 2001 DA - January 2001 SP - 335 EP - 350 VL - 51 IS - 3 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - Toxins, Biological KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Oxygen Consumption -- drug effects KW - Chemistry, Physical KW - Oxygen Consumption -- physiology KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Algorithms KW - Models, Biological KW - Toxins, Biological -- toxicity KW - Toxins, Biological -- pharmacokinetics KW - Toxins, Biological -- chemistry KW - Trout -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70864115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+toxicology+%28Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands%29&rft.atitle=A+physiologically+based+toxicokinetic+model+for+lake+trout+%28Salvelinus+namaycush%29.&rft.au=Lien%2C+G+J%3BMcKim%2C+J+M%3BHoffman%2C+A+D%3BJenson%2C+C+T&rft.aulast=Lien&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=335&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+toxicology+%28Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands%29&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-06-21 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the efficacy of extrapolation population modeling to predict the dynamics of Americamysis bahia populations in the laboratory. AN - 70840528; 11351411 AB - An age-classified projection matrix model has been developed to extrapolate the chronic (28-35 d) demographic responses of Americamysis bahia (formerly Mysidopsis bahia) to population-level response. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of this model for predicting the population behavior of A. bahia held (for more than three generations) under controlled laboratory exposure conditions. The research involved the performance of a standard life-cycle test and a multigenerational (greater than three mysid generations, 55 d) assay using A. bahia to experimentally evaluate model predictions regarding population-level risks of chemical exposure. The organic compound para-nonylphenol was chosen as the chemical stressor in assays. This compound is a ubiquitous contaminant and suspected endocrine disruptor. Utilizing data obtained during the standard life-cycle test, aggregate estimates of population growth rate (lambda) and measured p-nonylphenol concentration were used to develop an exposure-response model of population-level effects. These estimates provided the basis of predictions for the long-term dynamics of mysid populations exposed to p-nonylphenol. The veracity of the mysid population model was evaluated through quantitative comparisons of model predictions based on the life-cycle test with dynamics of the experimental populations (multigenerational assay results). The results indicate that the population model was able to project within a few micrograms per liter the concentration where population-level effects would begin to occur (projected 16 micrograms/L from the model vs measured 19 micrograms/L from the multigenerational assay). JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Kuhn, A AU - Munns, W R AU - Champlin, D AU - McKinney, R AU - Tagliabue, M AU - Serbst, J AU - Gleason, T AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Atlantic Ecology Division, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882, USA. kuhn.anne@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/01// PY - 2001 DA - January 2001 SP - 213 EP - 221 VL - 20 IS - 1 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Phenols KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - nonylphenol KW - 79F6A2ILP5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Aging -- physiology KW - Animals KW - Life Cycle Stages -- drug effects KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Algorithms KW - Population KW - Phenols -- toxicity KW - Models, Biological KW - Male KW - Female KW - Crustacea -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70840528?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+efficacy+of+extrapolation+population+modeling+to+predict+the+dynamics+of+Americamysis+bahia+populations+in+the+laboratory.&rft.au=Kuhn%2C+A%3BMunns%2C+W+R%3BChamplin%2C+D%3BMcKinney%2C+R%3BTagliabue%2C+M%3BSerbst%2C+J%3BGleason%2C+T&rft.aulast=Kuhn&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-06-21 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecological condition of the estuaries of the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of the United States. AN - 70840450; 11351419 AB - Monitoring the estuaries of the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coastlines of the United States from Cape Cod, Massachusetts, to Brownsville, Texas, was performed annually from 1990 through 1997 to assess ecological conditions on a regional basis for four biogeographic provinces. These province estimates--Virginian, Carolinian, West Indian, and Louisianian Provinces--are combined to provide an assessment of 87% of the estuarine area of the United States and 96% of the area of the Atlantic and Gulf coasts. Combining information over the six years of monitoring showed 34 +/- 4% of the Atlantic and Gulf estuarine sediments displayed poorer than expected biological conditions, based on benthic and finfish community conditions, and 21 +/- 4% of the area was characterized by low water clarity, the presence of marine debris/noxious odors, or elevated fish tissue contaminants. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Summers, J K AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561, USA. summers.kevin@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/01// PY - 2001 DA - January 2001 SP - 99 EP - 106 VL - 20 IS - 1 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Seawater KW - Sampling Studies KW - Marine Biology KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Data Collection KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Water Pollution, Chemical -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70840450?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=Ecological+condition+of+the+estuaries+of+the+Atlantic+and+Gulf+Coasts+of+the+United+States.&rft.au=Summers%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=Summers&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-06-21 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enantiomeric composition of chiral polychlorinated biphenyl atropisomers in aquatic bed sediment. AN - 70836352; 11352023 AB - Enantiomeric ratios (ERs) for eight polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) atropisomers were measured in aquatic sediment from selected sites throughout the United States by using chiral gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Nonracemic ERs for PCBs 91, 95, 132, 136, 149, 174, and 176 were found in sediment cores from Lake Hartwell, SC, which confirmed previous inconclusive reports of reductive dechlorination of PCBs at these sites on the basis of achiral measurements. Nonracemic ERs for many of the atropisomers were also found in bed-sediment samples from the Hudson and Housatonic Rivers, thus indicating that some of the PCB biotransformation processes identified at these sites are enantioselective. Patterns in ERs among congeners were consistent with known reductive dechlorination patterns at both river sediment basins. The enantioselectivity of PCB 91 is reversed between the Hudson and Housatonic River sites, which implies that the two sites have different PCB biotransformation processes with different enantiomer preferences. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Wong, C S AU - Garrison, A W AU - Foreman, W T AD - Ecosystems Research Division, National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA. Y1 - 2001/01/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jan 01 SP - 33 EP - 39 VL - 35 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Stereoisomerism KW - Fresh Water -- chemistry KW - Fresh Water -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Biotransformation KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- metabolism KW - Geologic Sediments -- analysis KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- chemistry KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- metabolism KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70836352?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Enantiomeric+composition+of+chiral+polychlorinated+biphenyl+atropisomers+in+aquatic+bed+sediment.&rft.au=Wong%2C+C+S%3BGarrison%2C+A+W%3BForeman%2C+W+T&rft.aulast=Wong&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-06-14 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Single class multiresidue methods for organic compounds. AN - 70663364; 11234829 JF - Journal of AOAC International AU - Soderberg, D AU - AOAC International. Committee on Residues and Related Topics AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. soderberg.david@epamail.epa.gov ; AOAC International. Committee on Residues and Related Topics PY - 2001 SP - 241 EP - 242 VL - 84 IS - 1 SN - 1060-3271, 1060-3271 KW - Dioxins KW - 0 KW - Pesticide Residues KW - Phosphines KW - Index Medicus KW - Dioxins -- analysis KW - Edible Grain -- chemistry KW - Phosphines -- analysis KW - Food Analysis -- standards KW - Food Analysis -- methods KW - Pesticide Residues -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70663364?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.atitle=Single+class+multiresidue+methods+for+organic+compounds.&rft.au=Soderberg%2C+D%3BAOAC+International.+Committee+on+Residues+and+Related+Topics&rft.aulast=Soderberg&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.issn=10603271&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-05-31 N1 - Date created - 2001-03-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using benthic recruitment to assess the significance of contaminated sediments: the influence of taxonomic resolution. AN - 70662832; 11234529 AB - The use of small-scale experimental units as a means of evaluating the ecological effects of contaminated sediments was examined at the species, family, mixed and phylum levels of taxonomic resolution. Sediments were taken from various locations representing a range of contaminant loads. Containers with these sediments were placed in situ at a relatively uncontaminated location for 90 days. The containers were retrieved and the abundance of the macrofauna which recruited to the containers was estimated. The results showed that the composition of the benthic communities in the more highly contaminated sediments differed significantly from those in less contaminated sediments. Analyses at the different taxonomic levels showed that all but the phylum level data showed some differences in community structure among sediment types. The study showed that small-scale experiments are useful for examining the effects of contaminants and that higher levels of taxonomic resolution can be used to describe variations in the structure of benthic communities at this spatial scale. JF - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) AU - Roach, A C AU - Jones, A R AU - Murray, A AD - Water Studies Section, Environment Protection Authority, New South Wales, PO Box A290, Sydney South, NSW 2000, Australia. roacht@epa.nsw.gov.au Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 131 EP - 143 VL - 112 IS - 2 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - Water Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Ecosystem KW - Animals KW - Population Dynamics KW - Water Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Classification KW - Geologic Sediments KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70662832?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.atitle=Using+benthic+recruitment+to+assess+the+significance+of+contaminated+sediments%3A+the+influence+of+taxonomic+resolution.&rft.au=Roach%2C+A+C%3BJones%2C+A+R%3BMurray%2C+A&rft.aulast=Roach&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-03-29 N1 - Date created - 2001-03-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aspects of basic reproductive biology and endocrinology in the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). AN - 70650046; 11166681 AB - The fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) has been proposed as a model species for assessing the adverse effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on reproduction and development. The purpose of these studies was to develop baseline reproductive biology and endocrinology data for this species to support interpretation of tests with potential EDCs. Pairs of reproductively-active fathead minnows (n=70) were evaluated with respect to reproductive cyclicity in terms of spawning interval and fecundity. The mode and mean (+/-SE) spawning intervals for the fish in this study were 3.0 and 3.7+/-0.1 days, respectively. The mean number of eggs produced per spawn was 85+/-2.8. Animals were sacrificed at periodic intervals during the established spawning cycle and measurements made of gonadal condition (gonadosomatic index [GSI], histopathology) and plasma concentrations of vitellogenin and sex steroids (beta-estradiol, testosterone, 11-ketotestosterone). The GSI in females varied significantly as a function of spawning interval, with the largest values occurring day 2 post-spawn, just prior to the interval of maximum spawning activity. Plasma beta-estradiol concentrations in females also varied significantly relative to peak values in the GSI and spawning activity. Vitellogenin concentrations in the female, and male GSI and steroid concentrations did not vary significantly relative to position in the spawning cycle. Concentrations of beta-estradiol in females and 11-ketotestosterone in males were positively correlated with testosterone concentrations. JF - Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology : CBP AU - Jensen, K M AU - Korte, J J AU - Kahl, M D AU - Pasha, M S AU - Ankley, G T AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Boulevard, Duluth, MN 55804, USA. jensen.kathleen@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/01// PY - 2001 DA - January 2001 SP - 127 EP - 141 VL - 128 IS - 1 SN - 1532-0456, 1532-0456 KW - Vitellogenins KW - 0 KW - Testosterone KW - 3XMK78S47O KW - Estradiol KW - 4TI98Z838E KW - 11-ketotestosterone KW - KF38W1A85U KW - Index Medicus KW - Models, Animal KW - Animals KW - Fertility KW - Spermatozoa -- cytology KW - Sex Characteristics KW - Oocytes -- cytology KW - Oocytes -- physiology KW - Spermatogonia -- physiology KW - Spermatocytes -- cytology KW - Spermatozoa -- physiology KW - Estradiol -- blood KW - Spermatogonia -- cytology KW - Toxicology -- methods KW - Spermatocytes -- physiology KW - Oviposition KW - Vitellogenins -- analysis KW - Female KW - Male KW - Testosterone -- analogs & derivatives KW - Reproduction -- physiology KW - Testosterone -- blood KW - Cyprinidae -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70650046?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Comparative+biochemistry+and+physiology.+Toxicology+%26+pharmacology+%3A+CBP&rft.atitle=Aspects+of+basic+reproductive+biology+and+endocrinology+in+the+fathead+minnow+%28Pimephales+promelas%29.&rft.au=Jensen%2C+K+M%3BKorte%2C+J+J%3BKahl%2C+M+D%3BPasha%2C+M+S%3BAnkley%2C+G+T&rft.aulast=Jensen&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Comparative+biochemistry+and+physiology.+Toxicology+%26+pharmacology+%3A+CBP&rft.issn=15320456&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-05-03 N1 - Date created - 2001-02-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Immunochemical applications in environmental science. AN - 70635186; 11234798 AB - Immunochemical methods are based on selective antibodies combining with a particular target analyte or analyte group. The specific binding between antibody and analyte can be used to detect environmental contaminants in a variety of sample matrixes. Immunoassay methods provide cost-effective, sensitive, and selective analyses for many compounds of environmental and human health concern. Immunoaffinity chromatography methods have been integrated with chromatographic methods and are also being used as efficient sample preparations prior to immunochemical or instrumental detection. Immunosensors show promise in obtaining rapid online analyses. These and other advancements in immunochemical methods continue the expansion of their role from field screening methods to highly quantitative procedures that can be easily integrated into the environmental analytical laboratory. JF - Journal of AOAC International AU - Van Emon, J M AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Human Exposure Research Branch, Las Vegas, NV 89193-3478, USA. PY - 2001 SP - 125 EP - 133 VL - 84 IS - 1 SN - 1060-3271, 1060-3271 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Immunochemistry -- methods KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70635186?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.atitle=Immunochemical+applications+in+environmental+science.&rft.au=Van+Emon%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Van+Emon&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.issn=10603271&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-05-31 N1 - Date created - 2001-03-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial extrapolation of soil characteristics using whole-soil particle size distributions. AN - 70603022; 11215640 AB - Soils support ecosystem functions such as plant growth and water quality because of certain physical, chemical, and biological properties. These properties have been studied at different spatial scales, including point scales to satisfy basic research needs, and regional scales to satisfy monitoring needs. Recently, soil property data for the entire USA have become available in the State Soil Geographic Data Base (STATSGO), which is appropriate for regional-scale research. We analyzed and created models of STATSGO data in this study to serve as a research tool, for example, for linking the soil to regional water quality monitoring data in our companion paper. Map units in STATSGO define geographic land areas by soil characteristics (SCs) of similar soil series. We selected 27 SCs that influenced water properties (in varying degrees), aggregated the layer and component SCs to map unit SCs, and used SCs to calculate relationships among map units. The relationships were defined by equations of conditional mean for the qth SC (SCq), while using the remaining 26 SCs as predictors. The relative standard errors for 22 of the 27 SCs were less than 10%, and less than 22% for the remaining five. We conclude that spatial extrapolation of SCs is feasible and the procedures are a first step toward extrapolating information across a region using SC-water property relationships. Although our procedure is for regional scale monitoring, it is also applicable to finer spatial scales commensurate with available soil data. JF - Journal of environmental quality AU - Shirazi, M A AU - Boersma, L AU - Haggerty, P K AU - Johnson, C B AD - Western Ecology Division, NHEERL, US Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA. PY - 2001 SP - 101 EP - 111 VL - 30 IS - 1 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Soil KW - 0 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - Particle Size KW - Geography KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Ecosystem KW - Soil Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70603022?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.atitle=Spatial+extrapolation+of+soil+characteristics+using+whole-soil+particle+size+distributions.&rft.au=Shirazi%2C+M+A%3BBoersma%2C+L%3BHaggerty%2C+P+K%3BJohnson%2C+C+B&rft.aulast=Shirazi&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-04-12 N1 - Date created - 2001-02-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The relevance of rooted vascular plants as indicators of estuarine sediment quality. AN - 70596427; 11116338 AB - Toxicity assessments and numerical quality assessment guidelines for estuarine sediments are rarely based on information for aquatic plants. The effect of this lack of information on contaminated sediment toxicity evaluations is largely unknown. For this reason, the toxicities of whole sediments collected from 15 sites in three urbanized Florida bayou-estuaries were determined for the benthic invertebrates Mysidopsis bahia and Ampelisca abdita and the plants Scirpus robustus Pursh (saltmarsh bulrush) and Spartina alterniflora Loisel (saltmarsh cordgrass). The results of the bioassays, conducted for 7 to 28 days, were compared for interspecific differences and to effects-based, sediment quality assessment guidelines. A variety of inorganic and organic analytes were detected in the estuarine sediments, and concentrations of as many as 7 analytes exceeded the sediment guidelines at the 15 sampling locations. Toxicity occurred at 2 of the 15 sampling stations based on invertebrate survival. Twelve of the 15 sediments had either a significant stimulatory or inhibitory effect on early seedling growth relative to a reference sediment (p < 0.05). The phytoresponse was specific to the location, test species, and plant tissue. There was no consistent trend between the sensitivities of the plants and invertebrates exposed to the sediments collected from the same sites. Of the 12 sediments that significantly affected seedling growth, 10 were not acutely toxic to the invertebrates. Consequently, the plant test species provided information that would have been missing if only animal test species were used. For this reason, the phytotoxicity database needs to be expanded for contaminated sediments to further evaluate interspecific sensitivities and to provide perspective on the environmental relevancy of proposed sediment quality criteria and effects-based assessment guidelines for which this information is usually missing. However, additional test method development and field validation are needed to support this effort, which includes the identification of sensitive plant test species, response parameters, and the chemical and physical sediment factors that influence plant growth. JF - Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Lewis, M A AU - Weber, D E AU - Stanley, R S AU - Moore, J C AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Gulf Ecology Division, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561-5299, USA. Y1 - 2001/01// PY - 2001 DA - January 2001 SP - 25 EP - 34 VL - 40 IS - 1 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Metals, Heavy KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Decapoda (Crustacea) -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Fresh Water KW - Particle Size KW - Toxicity Tests, Acute KW - Metals, Heavy -- toxicity KW - Biomass KW - Species Specificity KW - Florida KW - Metals, Heavy -- analysis KW - Plants -- chemistry KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Geologic Sediments -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Plants -- drug effects KW - Hazardous Substances -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Hazardous Substances -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70596427?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=The+relevance+of+rooted+vascular+plants+as+indicators+of+estuarine+sediment+quality.&rft.au=Lewis%2C+M+A%3BWeber%2C+D+E%3BStanley%2C+R+S%3BMoore%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-05-10 N1 - Date created - 2001-01-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A watershed-based cumulative risk impact analysis: environmental vulnerability and impact criteria. AN - 70591401; 11214349 AB - Swine Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs) have received much attention in recent years. As a result, a watershed-based screening tool, the Cumulative Risk Index Analysis (CRIA), was developed to assess the cumulative impacts of multiple CAFO facilities in a watershed subunit. The CRIA formula calculates an index number based on: 1) the area of one or more facilities compared to the area of the watershed subunit, 2) the average of the environmental vulnerability criteria, and 3) the average of the industry-specific impact criteria. Each vulnerability or impact criterion is ranked on a 1 to 5 scale, with a low rank indicating low environmental vulnerability or impact and a high rank indicating high environmental vulnerability or impact. The individual criterion ranks, as well as the total CRIA score, can be used to focus the environmental analysis and facilitate discussions with industry, public, and other stakeholders in the Agency decision-making process. JF - Environmental monitoring and assessment AU - Osowski, S L AU - Swick, J D AU - Carney, G R AU - Pena, H B AU - Danielson, J E AU - Parrish, D A AD - U.S. EPA Region 6 Compliance Assurance and Enforcement Division, Office of Planning and Coordination, Dallas, TX, USA. osowski.sharon@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2001/01// PY - 2001 DA - January 2001 SP - 159 EP - 185 VL - 66 IS - 2 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Swine KW - Ecosystem KW - Animals KW - Animal Husbandry KW - Public Policy KW - Decision Making KW - Risk Assessment KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Animal Feed KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70591401?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.atitle=A+watershed-based+cumulative+risk+impact+analysis%3A+environmental+vulnerability+and+impact+criteria.&rft.au=Osowski%2C+S+L%3BSwick%2C+J+D%3BCarney%2C+G+R%3BPena%2C+H+B%3BDanielson%2C+J+E%3BParrish%2C+D+A&rft.aulast=Osowski&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-03-01 N1 - Date created - 2001-02-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recycling and reuse of industrial wastes in Taiwan. AN - 70591004; 11150138 AB - Eighteen million metric tons of industrial wastes are produced every year in Taiwan. In order to properly handle the industrial wastes, the Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration (Taiwan EPA) has set up strategic programs that include establishment of storage, treatment, and final disposal systems, establishment of a management center for industrial wastes, and promotion of recycling and reuse of industrial wastes. The Taiwan EPA has been actively promoting the recycling and reuse of industrial wastes over the years. In July 1995 the Taiwan EPA amended and promulgated the Criteria for the Industrial Waste Storage, Collection and Processing Facility, July, 1995 that added articles related to general industrial waste recycling and reuse. In June 1996 the Taiwan EPA promulgated the Non-listed General Industrial Waste Reuse Application Procedures, June, 1996, followed by the Regulations Governing the Permitting of Hazardous Industrial Waste Reuse, June 1996, setting up a full regulatory framework for governing industrial waste reuse. To broaden the recycling and reuse of general industrial wastes, the Taiwan EPA has listed 14 industrial waste items for recycling and reuse, including waste paper, waste iron, coal ash, tempered high furnace bricks (cinder), high furnace bricks (cinder), furnace transfer bricks (cinder), sweetening dregs, wood (whole/part), glass (whole/part), bleaching earth, ceramics (pottery, brick, tile and cast sand), individual metal scraps (copper, zinc, aluminum and tin), distillery grain (dregs) and plastics. As of June 1999, 99 applications for reuse of industrial wastes had been approved with 1.97 million metric tons of industrial wastes being reused. JF - Waste management (New York, N.Y.) AU - Wei, M S AU - Huang, K H AD - Environmental Protection Administration, 41 Section 1, Chung-Hwa Road, Taipei, Taiwan. mswei@sun.epa.gov.tw Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 93 EP - 97 VL - 21 IS - 1 SN - 0956-053X, 0956-053X KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Taiwan KW - Public Health KW - Humans KW - Public Policy KW - Industry KW - Refuse Disposal KW - Conservation of Natural Resources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70591004?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waste+management+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Recycling+and+reuse+of+industrial+wastes+in+Taiwan.&rft.au=Wei%2C+M+S%3BHuang%2C+K+H&rft.aulast=Wei&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Waste+management+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=0956053X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-01-25 N1 - Date created - 2001-01-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strain comparisons of atrazine-induced pregnancy loss in the rat. AN - 70556666; 11137379 AB - Atrazine was administered by gavage, in 1% methylcellulose, to F344 Sprague-Dawley (SD), and Long Evans (LE) rats at 0, 25, 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg/day on gestation days 6 through 10. The dams were allowed to deliver and litters were examined postnatally. The F344 strain was the most sensitive to atrazine's effects on pregnancy, showing full-litter resorption (FLR) at >/=50 mg/kg. In surviving F344 litters, prenatal loss was increased at 200 mg/kg. In SD and LE rats, FLR occurred only at 200 mg/kg. Delayed parturition was seen at >/=100 mg/kg in F344 and SD rats. Regarding maternal toxicity, the SD dams were the most sensitive, with weight loss at >/=25 mg/kg. When 200 mg/kg was administered to F344 rats on days 11 through 15 (after the LH-dependent period of pregnancy), no FLR was seen. These findings suggest that atrazine-induced FLR is maternally mediated, and consistent with loss of LH support of the corpora lutea. JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Narotsky, M G AU - Best, D S AU - Guidici, D L AU - Cooper, R L AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, 27711, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA. narotsky.michael@epa.gov PY - 2001 SP - 61 EP - 69 VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Herbicides KW - 0 KW - Luteinizing Hormone KW - 9002-67-9 KW - Atrazine KW - QJA9M5H4IM KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Rats, Long-Evans KW - Luteinizing Hormone -- physiology KW - Species Specificity KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Fetal Resorption -- chemically induced KW - Herbicides -- toxicity KW - Atrazine -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70556666?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Strain+comparisons+of+atrazine-induced+pregnancy+loss+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Narotsky%2C+M+G%3BBest%2C+D+S%3BGuidici%2C+D+L%3BCooper%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Narotsky&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-02-02 N1 - Date created - 2001-02-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting physical and chemical water properties from relationships with watershed soil characteristics AN - 52225113; 2001-041877 JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Shirazi, Mostafa A AU - Boersma, Larry AU - Johnson, Colleen Burch AU - Haggerty, Patricia K Y1 - 2001/01// PY - 2001 DA - January 2001 SP - 112 EP - 120 PB - American Society of Agronomy, [and] Crop Science Society of America, [and] Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 30 IS - 1 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - water quality KW - monitoring KW - cartography KW - human activity KW - surface water KW - watersheds KW - ecosystems KW - models KW - State Soil Geographic Data Base KW - physical properties KW - chemical properties KW - turbidity KW - pH KW - permeability KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52225113?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Predicting+physical+and+chemical+water+properties+from+relationships+with+watershed+soil+characteristics&rft.au=Shirazi%2C+Mostafa+A%3BBoersma%2C+Larry%3BJohnson%2C+Colleen+Burch%3BHaggerty%2C+Patricia+K&rft.aulast=Shirazi&rft.aufirst=Mostafa&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=112&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JEVQAA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cartography; chemical properties; ecosystems; human activity; hydrology; models; monitoring; permeability; pH; physical properties; soils; State Soil Geographic Data Base; surface water; turbidity; water quality; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developing landscape-indicator models for pesticides and nutrients in streams of the Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain AN - 52213893; 2001-051453 JF - Fact Sheet - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Ator, Scott W AU - Denver, Judith M AU - Pitchford, Ann M Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 4 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA KW - United States KW - metabolites KW - hydrology KW - water quality KW - Delaware KW - Virginia KW - surface water KW - indicators KW - hydrochemistry KW - variations KW - nutrients KW - North Carolina KW - streams KW - ecology KW - New Jersey KW - Maryland KW - pesticides KW - landscapes KW - USGS KW - geochemistry KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52213893?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Ator%2C+Scott+W%3BDenver%2C+Judith+M%3BPitchford%2C+Ann+M&rft.aulast=Ator&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Developing+landscape-indicator+models+for+pesticides+and+nutrients+in+streams+of+the+Mid-Atlantic+Coastal+Plain&rft.title=Developing+landscape-indicator+models+for+pesticides+and+nutrients+in+streams+of+the+Mid-Atlantic+Coastal+Plain&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://md.water.usgs.gov/publications/fs-157-00/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - 1 table, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03880 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Coastal Plain; Delaware; ecology; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; hydrology; indicators; landscapes; Maryland; metabolites; New Jersey; North Carolina; nutrients; pesticides; streams; surface water; United States; USGS; variations; Virginia; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fate and effects of phosphorus additions in soils under N (sub 2) -fixing red alder AN - 52198888; 2001-062334 AB - Soil phosphorus (P) dynamics are controlled by the interaction of geochemical, biochemical and biological processes. Changes in species composition or management could alter the relative importance of these processes. We examined soil P dynamics in two plantations of N (sub 2) -fixing red alder (Alnus rubra) by determining the fate and effects of added fertilizer P. History of the plantations varied such that sites were previously occupied by 60-yr-old stands of alder or non-fixing Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), Without fertilization, the soil with a longer period of alder influence had more organic P (P (sub o) ) and less sorbed inorganic P (Hydroxide- and Bicarb-extractable P (sub i) ). Fertilization increased soil total P, and 88% of the fertilizer was accounted for in the surface mineral soil (0-15 cm). Sorbed P (sub i) was the major sink for fertilizer P (55-60%), independent of site history. Although P (sub o) was 35-70% of soil P in unfertilized plots, added P did not accumulate as P (sub o) . Neither site history nor P addition influenced phosphatase activity. Fertilization increased decomposition during incubation of the organic horizon, suggesting that late-stage decomposition is P-limited in these N-rich soils. On the time-scale of a few years, geochemical sorption and desorption of inorganic P were the most important processes controlling the distribution of added P. Organic P accumulation is expected to occur over a longer time frame, linked to the production and turnover of organic matter. JF - Biogeochemistry (Dordrecht) AU - Compton, Jana E AU - Cole, Dale W Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 225 EP - 247 PB - Nijhoff/Junk, Dordrecht-Boston-Lancaster VL - 53 IS - 3 SN - 0168-2563, 0168-2563 KW - United States KW - soils KW - forests KW - North America KW - fertilizers KW - Spermatophyta KW - sorption KW - Plantae KW - desorption KW - Washington KW - phosphorus KW - Alnus KW - Dicotyledoneae KW - geochemical cycle KW - fate KW - organic compounds KW - fertilization KW - drainage basins KW - Alnus rubra KW - Angiospermae KW - soil management KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52198888?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeochemistry+%28Dordrecht%29&rft.atitle=Fate+and+effects+of+phosphorus+additions+in+soils+under+N+%28sub+2%29+-fixing+red+alder&rft.au=Compton%2C+Jana+E%3BCole%2C+Dale+W&rft.aulast=Compton&rft.aufirst=Jana&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeochemistry+%28Dordrecht%29&rft.issn=01682563&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100244/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from PASCAL, Institute de l'Information Scientifique et Technique, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Document feature - 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alnus; Alnus rubra; Angiospermae; desorption; Dicotyledoneae; drainage basins; fate; fertilization; fertilizers; forests; geochemical cycle; North America; organic compounds; phosphorus; Plantae; soil management; soils; sorption; Spermatophyta; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurement of seafloor radioactivity at the Farallon Islands radioactive waste dump site, California AN - 52171122; 2001-076915 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Jones, D G AU - Roberts, P D AU - Limburn, J AU - Karl, H A AU - Chin, W C AU - Hall, R AU - Howard, D Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 45 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - United States KW - isotopes KW - radioactivity KW - alkali metals KW - waste disposal sites KW - gamma-ray spectroscopy KW - radioactive waste KW - measurement KW - California KW - Farallon Islands KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Cs-137 KW - cesium KW - metals KW - bottom features KW - waste disposal KW - ocean floors KW - USGS KW - spectroscopy KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52171122?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Measurement+of+seafloor+radioactivity+at+the+Farallon+Islands+radioactive+waste+dump+site%2C+California&rft.au=Jones%2C+D+G%3BRoberts%2C+P+D%3BLimburn%2C+J%3BKarl%2C+H+A%3BChin%2C+W+C%3BHall%2C+R%3BHoward%2C+D&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/of01-062/ https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/browse/usgs-publications/OFR LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; bottom features; California; cesium; Cs-137; Farallon Islands; gamma-ray spectroscopy; isotopes; measurement; metals; ocean floors; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; radioactivity; spectroscopy; United States; USGS; waste disposal; waste disposal sites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anaerobic bioventing of unsaturated zone contaminated with DDT and DNT AN - 52163020; 2002-000284 AB - Initial degradation of highly chlorinated compounds and nitroaromatic compounds found in munition waste streams is accelerated under anaerobic conditions followed by aerobic treatment of the degradation products. The establishment of anaerobic environment in a vadose zone can be accomplished by feeding appropriate anaerobic gas mixture, i.e., "anaerobic bioventing". The gas mixture contains an electron donor for the reduction of these compounds. Lab scale study was conducted to evaluate potential of anaerobic bioventing for the treatment of an unsaturated zone contaminated with 1, 1, 1-trichloro-2, 2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT) and 2, 4-dinitrotoluene (DNT). Hydrogen was used as the electron donor. Using the soil columns innoculate with anaerobic microorganisms, it was observed that by feeding a gas mixture of 1% hydrogen, 1% carbon dioxide and nitrogen, methanogenic conditions were established and DDT was reductively dechlorinated. 1, 1-dichloro-2, 2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDD) accumulated as the intermediate product. The half life of DDT was calculated to be 8.5 months. DNT completely disappeared after six months of operation and no intermediates could be detected. JF - Water Science and Technology AU - Shah, J K AU - Sayles, G D AU - Suidan, M T AU - Mihopoulos, P AU - Kaskassian, S A2 - Grabow, William O. K. A2 - Dohman, M. A2 - Gilbert, J. A2 - Haas, C. A2 - House, M. A2 - Lesouef, A. A2 - Nielsen, J. A2 - van der Vlies, A. W. A2 - Villesot, D. A2 - Wanner, J. A2 - Watanabe, Y. A2 - Milburn, A. A2 - Purdon, C. D. A2 - Nagle, P. T. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 35 EP - 42 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York VL - 43 IS - 2 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - degradation KW - soil vapor extraction KW - unsaturated zone KW - organochlorine pesticides KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - explosives KW - chemical reactions KW - water treatment KW - methanogenesis KW - chemical properties KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - dinitrotoluene KW - insecticides KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - BTEX KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - bioventing KW - DDT KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - pesticides KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52163020?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Anaerobic+bioventing+of+unsaturated+zone+contaminated+with+DDT+and+DNT&rft.au=Shah%2C+J+K%3BSayles%2C+G+D%3BSuidan%2C+M+T%3BMihopoulos%2C+P%3BKaskassian%2C+S&rft.aulast=Shah&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=1900222681&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.iwaponline.com/wst/toc.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1st world water congress of the International Water Association N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WSTED4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; bacteria; bioremediation; bioventing; BTEX; chemical properties; chemical reactions; chlorinated hydrocarbons; DDT; degradation; dinitrotoluene; explosives; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; insecticides; methanogenesis; microorganisms; organic compounds; organochlorine pesticides; oxidation; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soil vapor extraction; unsaturated zone; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Frontiers in metal sorption/precipitation mechanisms on soil mineral surfaces AN - 52158983; 2002-006320 JF - Advances in Agronomy AU - Ford, Robert G AU - Scheinost, Andreas C AU - Sparks, Donald L Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 41 EP - 62 PB - Academic Press, New York, NY VL - 74 SN - 0065-2113, 0065-2113 KW - soils KW - silicates KW - surface properties KW - sorption KW - pyrophyllite KW - pollution KW - mineral-water interface KW - mechanism KW - solubility KW - research KW - chemical reactions KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - sediments KW - nickel KW - sheet silicates KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - review KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52158983?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Agronomy&rft.atitle=Frontiers+in+metal+sorption%2Fprecipitation+mechanisms+on+soil+mineral+surfaces&rft.au=Ford%2C+Robert+G%3BScheinost%2C+Andreas+C%3BSparks%2C+Donald+L&rft.aulast=Ford&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Agronomy&rft.issn=00652113&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/bookseries/00652113 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ADAGA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; geochemistry; mechanism; metals; mineral-water interface; nickel; pollution; precipitation; pyrophyllite; research; review; sediments; sheet silicates; silicates; soils; solubility; sorption; spectra; surface properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the environment; pollution from personal actions, activities, and behaviors AN - 52148646; 2002-011104 AB - Perhaps more so than with any other class of pollutants, the occurrence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the environment highlights the immediate, intimate, and inseparable connection between the individual activities of consumers and their environment. In contrast to other types of pollutants, PPCPs owe their environmental origins directly to their worldwide, universal, frequent, highly dispersed, and individually small but aggregate/cumulative usage and disposal by multitudes of individuals. An overview of this multi-faceted issue can be found at a U.S. EPA web site (http://www.epa.gov/nerlesd1/chemistry/pharma/index.htm), which also provides a reprint of an Environmental Health Perspectives review article. PPCPs can enter the environment via excreta or wash water following their ingestion or application by users or their administration to domestic animals. Direct disposal of unused/expired PPCPs in landfills and domestic sewage is another route to the environment. Domestic sewage treatment plants are not specifically engineered to remove PPCPs; removal efficiencies vary from nearly complete to ineffective. The aquatic and groundwater environments serve as the major, ultimate receptacles for most PPCPs. Little is known with respect to actual or even potential adverse effects on non-target species; human exposure via drinking water is even less understood. While PPCPs in the environment (or drinking water) are not regulated, and even though their concentrations are extremely low (ng/L-mu g/L), the consequences of exposure over multiple generations to multitudes of compounds having different as well as similar modes of biochemical action prompts a plethora of questions. Although the environmental issues involved with two classes-antibiotics (e.g., selection for pathogen resistance) and sex steroids (e.g., aromatase disruption in fish)-are widely recognized, numerous other therapeutic and consumer-use classes of PPCPs pose a wide range of additional environmental concerns. The occurrence of PPCPs in the environment is undoubtedly not a new phenomenon-probably having taken place ever since any given PPCP first enjoyed commercial use. The U.S. EPA and other federal/state agencies are just beginning to consider the many scientific aspects of this wide-ranging topic. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Daughton, Christian G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 27 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - medical geology KW - pollutants KW - human activity KW - behavior KW - pollution KW - drinking water KW - public health KW - human ecology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52148646?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Pharmaceuticals+and+personal+care+products+in+the+environment%3B+pollution+from+personal+actions%2C+activities%2C+and+behaviors&rft.au=Daughton%2C+Christian+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Daughton&rft.aufirst=Christian&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2001AM/finalprogram/abstract_21224.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2001 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - behavior; drinking water; human activity; human ecology; medical geology; pollutants; pollution; public health ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Status of aquatic bioassessment in U.S. EPA, Region IX AN - 52138923; 2002-019831 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Hall, Robert K AU - Wolinsky, Gary A AU - Husby, Peter AU - Harrington, James AU - Spindler, Patti AU - Vargas, Karen AU - Smith, Gordon AU - Jayko, Angela S AU - Miller, Constance I Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 9 EP - 16 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - water quality KW - programs KW - monitoring KW - government agencies KW - watersheds KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - Hawaii KW - bioassays KW - East Pacific Ocean Islands KW - environmental effects KW - Humboldt River valley KW - California KW - habitat KW - Arizona KW - Oceania KW - Polynesia KW - USGS KW - Nevada KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52138923?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Status+of+aquatic+bioassessment+in+U.S.+EPA%2C+Region+IX&rft.au=Hall%2C+Robert+K%3BWolinsky%2C+Gary+A%3BHusby%2C+Peter%3BHarrington%2C+James%3BSpindler%2C+Patti%3BVargas%2C+Karen%3BSmith%2C+Gordon%3BJayko%2C+Angela+S%3BMiller%2C+Constance+I&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Impacts of climate change on landscapes of the eastern Sierra Nevada and western Great Basin N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arizona; bioassays; California; East Pacific Ocean Islands; environmental effects; government agencies; habitat; Hawaii; Humboldt River valley; hydrology; monitoring; Nevada; Oceania; pollution; Polynesia; programs; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; United States; USGS; water quality; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pesticides in selected water-supply reservoirs and finished drinking water, 1999-2000; summary of results from a pilot monitoring program AN - 52129574; 2002-026530 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Blomquist, Joel D AU - Denis, Janet M AU - Hetrick, James A AU - Jones, R David AU - Birchfield, Norman B Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 65 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - water quality KW - programs KW - concentration KW - water supply KW - monitoring KW - degradation KW - reservoirs KW - pollutants KW - herbicides KW - surface water KW - watersheds KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - water treatment KW - pesticides KW - water resources KW - USGS KW - geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52129574?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Blomquist%2C+Joel+D%3BDenis%2C+Janet+M%3BHetrick%2C+James+A%3BJones%2C+R+David%3BBirchfield%2C+Norman+B&rft.aulast=Blomquist&rft.aufirst=Joel&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Pesticides+in+selected+water-supply+reservoirs+and+finished+drinking+water%2C+1999-2000%3B+summary+of+results+from+a+pilot+monitoring+program&rft.title=Pesticides+in+selected+water-supply+reservoirs+and+finished+drinking+water%2C+1999-2000%3B+summary+of+results+from+a+pilot+monitoring+program&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 42 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - concentration; degradation; drinking water; geochemistry; ground water; herbicides; hydrochemistry; hydrology; monitoring; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; programs; reservoirs; surface water; United States; USGS; water quality; water resources; water supply; water treatment; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental studies of the World Trade Center area after the September 11, 2001 attack AN - 52129428; 2002-026489 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Clark, Roger N AU - Green, Robert O AU - Swayze, Gregg A AU - Meeker, Greg P AU - Sutley, Steve J AU - Hoefen, Todd M AU - Livo, K Eric AU - Plumlee, Geoff S AU - Pavri, Betina AU - Sarture, Chuck AU - Wilson, Steve A AU - Hageman, Phil L AU - Lamothe, Paul J AU - Vance, J Sam AU - Boardman, Joe AU - Brownfield, Isabelle K AU - Gent, Carol AU - Morath, Laurie C AU - Taggart, Joseph E, Jr AU - Theodorakos, Peter M AU - Adams, Monique Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - asbestos KW - environmental analysis KW - environmental effects KW - debris KW - infrared methods KW - AVIRIS KW - sediments KW - USGS KW - explosions KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - New York City New York KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - World Trade Center KW - dust KW - air KW - spectroscopy KW - remote sensing KW - airborne methods KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52129428?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Environmental+studies+of+the+World+Trade+Center+area+after+the+September+11%2C+2001+attack&rft.au=Clark%2C+Roger+N%3BGreen%2C+Robert+O%3BSwayze%2C+Gregg+A%3BMeeker%2C+Greg+P%3BSutley%2C+Steve+J%3BHoefen%2C+Todd+M%3BLivo%2C+K+Eric%3BPlumlee%2C+Geoff+S%3BPavri%2C+Betina%3BSarture%2C+Chuck%3BWilson%2C+Steve+A%3BHageman%2C+Phil+L%3BLamothe%2C+Paul+J%3BVance%2C+J+Sam%3BBoardman%2C+Joe%3BBrownfield%2C+Isabelle+K%3BGent%2C+Carol%3BMorath%2C+Laurie+C%3BTaggart%2C+Joseph+E%2C+Jr%3BTheodorakos%2C+Peter+M%3BAdams%2C+Monique&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://greenwood.cr.usgs.gov/pub/open-file-reports/ofr-01-0429/ https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/browse/usgs-publications/OFR LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on March 20, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air; airborne methods; asbestos; AVIRIS; clastic sediments; debris; dust; environmental analysis; environmental effects; explosions; geophysical methods; infrared methods; New York; New York City New York; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remote sensing; sediments; silicates; spectroscopy; United States; USGS; World Trade Center; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of mining on the performance of Waste Isolation Pilot Plant AN - 52120361; 2002-019445 JF - Proceedings - Symposium on Rock Mechanics AU - Ghose, Shankar A2 - Elsworth, Derek A2 - Tinucci, John P. A2 - Heasley, Keith A. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 505 EP - 510 PB - A.A. Balkema, [location varies] VL - 38, Vol. 1 SN - 0586-3031, 0586-3031 KW - United States KW - mining KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - Eddy County New Mexico KW - stability KW - effects KW - New Mexico KW - evaporites KW - rock mechanics KW - radioactive waste KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mining geology KW - underground installations KW - Waste Isolation Pilot Plant KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - salt KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52120361?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+Symposium+on+Rock+Mechanics&rft.atitle=Effects+of+mining+on+the+performance+of+Waste+Isolation+Pilot+Plant&rft.au=Ghose%2C+Shankar&rft.aulast=Ghose&rft.aufirst=Shankar&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=38%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=505&rft.isbn=9026518366&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+Symposium+on+Rock+Mechanics&rft.issn=05863031&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 38th U. S. rock mechanics symposium, DC rocks 2001 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PSRMA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemically precipitated rocks; Eddy County New Mexico; effects; evaporites; mining; mining geology; New Mexico; radioactive waste; rock mechanics; salt; sedimentary rocks; stability; underground disposal; underground installations; United States; waste disposal; Waste Isolation Pilot Plant ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Images of the World Trade Center site show thermal hot spots on September 16 and 23, 2001 AN - 52111142; 2002-026062 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Clark, Roger N AU - Green, Robert O AU - Swayze, Gregg A AU - Hoefen, Todd M AU - Livo, K Eric AU - Pavi, Betina AU - Sarcher, Chuck AU - Boardman, Joe AU - Vance, J Sam Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - United States KW - thermal properties KW - thermal regime KW - satellite methods KW - environmental effects KW - temperature KW - New York City New York KW - New York KW - thermal anomalies KW - World Trade Center KW - USGS KW - remote sensing KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52111142?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Images+of+the+World+Trade+Center+site+show+thermal+hot+spots+on+September+16+and+23%2C+2001&rft.au=Clark%2C+Roger+N%3BGreen%2C+Robert+O%3BSwayze%2C+Gregg+A%3BHoefen%2C+Todd+M%3BLivo%2C+K+Eric%3BPavi%2C+Betina%3BSarcher%2C+Chuck%3BBoardman%2C+Joe%3BVance%2C+J+Sam&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0405/ https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/browse/usgs-publications/OFR LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on March 20, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental effects; New York; New York City New York; remote sensing; satellite methods; temperature; thermal anomalies; thermal properties; thermal regime; United States; USGS; World Trade Center ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Performance modeling of subsurface-flow constructed wetlands systems AN - 52098479; 2002-045777 AB - A subsurface flow constructed wetlands (CW) system, located at a neighborhood consisting of a small housing development and golf courses outside of Lincoln, NE, was studied for its effectiveness as a small community wastewater system. Extensive monitoring was conducted biweekly between June 1996 and December 2000. Prediction models for soluble CBOD (sub 5) NH (sub 3) -N, and TP removal in CW were employed for comparison with the field data. It was found that the disappearance of BOD (sub 5) and NH (sub 3) -N could be approximated using first-order kinetics, but the kinetics of TP removal were unclear. The reduction rate constants regressed from the field data were found to be lower than literature reported values. JF - Water Science and Technology AU - Dahab, M F AU - Surampalli, R Y AU - Liu, W A2 - Reddy, K. R. A2 - Kadlec, R. H. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 231 EP - 235 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York VL - 44 IS - 11-12 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - United States KW - models KW - constructed wetlands KW - wetlands KW - sampling KW - waste water KW - Lancaster County Nebraska KW - analysis KW - Nebraska KW - Lincoln Nebraska KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52098479?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Performance+modeling+of+subsurface-flow+constructed+wetlands+systems&rft.au=Dahab%2C+M+F%3BSurampalli%2C+R+Y%3BLiu%2C+W&rft.aulast=Dahab&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=11-12&rft.spage=231&rft.isbn=1843394073&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.iwaponline.com/wst/toc.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 7th international conference on Wetland systems for water pollution control 2000 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WSTED4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - analysis; constructed wetlands; ground water; Lancaster County Nebraska; Lincoln Nebraska; models; Nebraska; sampling; United States; waste water; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - (super 226) Ra and (super 228) Ra activities associated with agricultural drainage ponds and wetland ponds in the Kankakee Watershed, Illinois-Indiana, USA AN - 52097025; 2002-045236 JF - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity AU - Sidle, W C AU - Shanklin, D AU - Lee, P Y AU - Roose, D L Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 29 EP - 46 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 55 IS - 1 SN - 0265-931X, 0265-931X KW - United States KW - Kankakee River basin KW - fertilizers KW - isotopes KW - ammonium ion KW - watersheds KW - India KW - ground water KW - Ra-226 KW - constructed wetlands KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Ra-228 KW - Indian Peninsula KW - Asia KW - activity KW - hydrology KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Illinois KW - radium KW - drainage KW - surface water KW - agriculture KW - pollution KW - ponds KW - recharge KW - phosphate ion KW - wetlands KW - metals KW - land use KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52097025?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.atitle=%28super+226%29+Ra+and+%28super+228%29+Ra+activities+associated+with+agricultural+drainage+ponds+and+wetland+ponds+in+the+Kankakee+Watershed%2C+Illinois-Indiana%2C+USA&rft.au=Sidle%2C+W+C%3BShanklin%2C+D%3BLee%2C+P+Y%3BRoose%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Sidle&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.issn=0265931X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0265931X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - activity; agriculture; alkaline earth metals; ammonium ion; Asia; constructed wetlands; drainage; fertilizers; ground water; hydrology; Illinois; India; Indian Peninsula; isotopes; Kankakee River basin; land use; metals; phosphate ion; pollution; ponds; Ra-226; Ra-228; radioactive isotopes; radium; recharge; surface water; United States; watersheds; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A screening approach to simulation of aquifer contamination by fuel hydrocarbons (BTEX and MTBE) AN - 52086891; 2002-058116 AB - Subsurface contamination by light nonaqueous-phase liquids (LNAPLs) is a common occurrence, as evidenced by more than 397,000 confirmed releases from underground storage tanks across the United States (U.S. EPA 2000). Because of generally limited resources, common biodegradation of contaminants, and programmatic policies, there is an emphasis on risk-based corrective action for these releases. This approach implies a predictive modeling capability. This chapter describes data from a set of LNAPL cases studies, drawn from underground storage tank program files from state environmental agencies and the U.S. Department of Defense. They illustrate data availability under realistic conditions. Against this background, a simplified model for exposure assessment is described: the hydrocarbon spill screening model. The mathematical basis of the model is given, and the underlying assumptions are discussed. Application of the model to a field site is described. This case has an extensive data set that was analyzed to generate input parameter values for the model. The approach included an estimate of mass of contaminants, the location of center of mass, and the gasoline volume. By treating the model inputs as fitting parameters, order-of-magnitude matches to these data sets were achieved. The model provides a means of completing the conceptualization of each site by providing a plausible source and transport scenario, which may not be directly observed from site data. JF - ASCE Manual and Report on Engineering Practice AU - Weaver, James W AU - Charbeneau, Randall J A2 - Kaluarachchi, Jagath J. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 41 EP - 78 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, New York, NY VL - 100 KW - United States KW - unsaturated zone KW - light nonaqueous phase liquids KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - Suffolk County New York KW - ethers KW - methyl tert-butyl ether KW - transport KW - oil spills KW - Long Island KW - soils KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - biodegradation KW - numerical models KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - petroleum products KW - BTEX KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - case studies KW - water table KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - East Patchogue New York KW - hydrocarbons KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52086891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASCE+Manual+and+Report+on+Engineering+Practice&rft.atitle=A+screening+approach+to+simulation+of+aquifer+contamination+by+fuel+hydrocarbons+%28BTEX+and+MTBE%29&rft.au=Weaver%2C+James+W%3BCharbeneau%2C+Randall+J&rft.aulast=Weaver&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASCE+Manual+and+Report+on+Engineering+Practice&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02796 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; biodegradation; BTEX; case studies; East Patchogue New York; environmental analysis; ethers; ground water; hydrocarbons; leaking underground storage tanks; light nonaqueous phase liquids; Long Island; methyl tert-butyl ether; New York; nonaqueous phase liquids; numerical models; oil spills; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; simulation; soils; Suffolk County New York; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; water table ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Non-point pollution from China's rural areas and its countermeasures AN - 52076042; 2002-064299 JF - Water Science and Technology AU - Yin, C Q AU - Yang, C F AU - Shan, B Q AU - Li, G B AU - Wang, D L A2 - Yamada, K. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 123 EP - 128 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York VL - 44 IS - 7 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - water KW - technology KW - Far East KW - pollution KW - nonpoint sources KW - urbanization KW - remediation KW - nutrients KW - controls KW - constructed wetlands KW - wetlands KW - runoff KW - rural environment KW - Asia KW - China KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52076042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Non-point+pollution+from+China%27s+rural+areas+and+its+countermeasures&rft.au=Yin%2C+C+Q%3BYang%2C+C+F%3BShan%2C+B+Q%3BLi%2C+G+B%3BWang%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Yin&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=1843394006&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.iwaponline.com/wst/toc.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 4th international conference on Diffuse pollution N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WSTED4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; China; constructed wetlands; controls; Far East; nonpoint sources; nutrients; pollution; remediation; runoff; rural environment; technology; urbanization; water; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lake Michigan (USA) Mass Balance Study; modeling fate, transport and bioaccumulation of PCBs, atrazine, trans-nonachlor and mercury AN - 52072997; 2002-063062 JF - Verhandlungen - Internationale Vereinigung fuer Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie = Proceedings - International Association of Theoretical and Applied Limnology AU - Bertram, Paul AU - Warren, Glenn AU - Horvatin, Paul A2 - Williams, W. D. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 795 EP - 799 PB - E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart VL - 27, Part 2 SN - 0368-0770, 0368-0770 KW - trans-nonachlor KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes region KW - PCBs KW - ecosystems KW - fate KW - bioaccumulation KW - triazines KW - Lake Michigan KW - hydrodynamics KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes KW - ecology KW - heavy metals KW - mercury KW - North America KW - toxic materials KW - LMMB Study KW - sediment transport KW - pollutants KW - herbicides KW - pollution KW - atmosphere KW - Lake Michigan Mass Balance Study KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - deposition KW - atrazine KW - metals KW - eutrophication KW - pesticides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52072997?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Verhandlungen+-+Internationale+Vereinigung+fuer+Theoretische+und+Angewandte+Limnologie+%3D+Proceedings+-+International+Association+of+Theoretical+and+Applied+Limnology&rft.atitle=Lake+Michigan+%28USA%29+Mass+Balance+Study%3B+modeling+fate%2C+transport+and+bioaccumulation+of+PCBs%2C+atrazine%2C+trans-nonachlor+and+mercury&rft.au=Bertram%2C+Paul%3BWarren%2C+Glenn%3BHorvatin%2C+Paul&rft.aulast=Bertram&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=27%2C+Part+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=795&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Verhandlungen+-+Internationale+Vereinigung+fuer+Theoretische+und+Angewandte+Limnologie+%3D+Proceedings+-+International+Association+of+Theoretical+and+Applied+Limnology&rft.issn=03680770&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.epa.gov/glnpo/lmmb/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 27th SIL congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PITLAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; atrazine; bioaccumulation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; deposition; ecology; ecosystems; eutrophication; fate; Great Lakes; Great Lakes region; halogenated hydrocarbons; heavy metals; herbicides; hydrodynamics; Lake Michigan; Lake Michigan Mass Balance Study; LMMB Study; mercury; metals; models; North America; organic compounds; PCBs; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; sediment transport; toxic materials; trans-nonachlor; triazines ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tests of alternative final landfill covers in arid and semi-arid areas using innovative water balance monitoring systems AN - 52050689; 2002-077939 AB - Traditional designs for final landfill covers in arid and semi-arid areas have utilized components such as geomembranes and low-permeability soil layers to minimize infiltration into waste. Federal regulations allow for alternative earthen designs that emphasize water storage and transpiration by plants, but require demonstration of performance equivalent to that of the low-permeability prescriptive designs. Few field data sets exist that provide direct measurement of prescriptive or alternative cover performance. In 1999, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Alternative Cover Assessment Project (ACAP) began construction of a nationwide network of field-scale facilities designed to evaluate the performance of both prescriptive and alternative covers. Seven of these sites are located in western states in arid and semi-arid locations. Cover designs to be tested are placed in large (10 mX20 m) pan lysimeters. Field data include direct measurement of drainage, surface runoff, soil moisture content, soil moisture potential, precipitation, and several additional meteorological parameters. At several locations, prescriptive designs are being tested alongside proposed alternative designs. Prescriptive covers include both composite (which include a geomembrane) and compacted clay designs. Alternative designs typically emphasize relatively thick soil layers with high water holding capacity combined with a selection of plants designed to maximize transpiration throughout the soil depth and throughout the growing season. The program will provide data to support development of site-specific cover designs and improvements in numerical modeling methods. Preliminary data from the three sites constructed in 1999 suggest that, at least for sites in arid and semi-arid sites, alternatives can match the performance of prescriptive designs. JF - Proceedings of the Symposium on Engineering Geology and Geotechnical Engineering AU - Albright, William H AU - Benson, Craig H AU - Gee, Glendon W AU - Rock, Steven AU - Abichou, Tarek A2 - Luke, Barbara A. A2 - Jacobson, Elizabeth A. A2 - Werle, James L. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 33 EP - 41 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 36 KW - terrestrial environment KW - monitoring KW - arid environment KW - landfills KW - semi-arid environment KW - water balance KW - testing KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - waste disposal KW - lysimeters KW - disposal barriers KW - design KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52050689?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Symposium+on+Engineering+Geology+and+Geotechnical+Engineering&rft.atitle=Tests+of+alternative+final+landfill+covers+in+arid+and+semi-arid+areas+using+innovative+water+balance+monitoring+systems&rft.au=Albright%2C+William+H%3BBenson%2C+Craig+H%3BGee%2C+Glendon+W%3BRock%2C+Steven%3BAbichou%2C+Tarek&rft.aulast=Albright&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Symposium+on+Engineering+Geology+and+Geotechnical+Engineering&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 36th symposium of Engineering geology and geotechnical engineering N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sect., 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02957 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arid environment; design; disposal barriers; hydraulic conductivity; landfills; lysimeters; monitoring; semi-arid environment; terrestrial environment; testing; waste disposal; water balance ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Complete remediation of PCE contaminated unsaturated soils by sequential anaerobic-aerobic bioventing AN - 52046819; 2003-001736 AB - Bioventing principles have been applied to completely dechlorinate tetrachloroethylene vapors in the unsaturated zone in a sequential anaerobic-aerobic pattern. The aerobic step yields trans-DCE and VC as PCE reductive dechlorination byproducts, while TCE and cis-DCE are observed as intermediates. The aerobic step results in rapid oxidation of the VC and trans-DCE to carbon dioxide. Hydrogen was delivered in the gas phase as a reducing agent for the anaerobic step at levels of 1%, and oxygen at 4.2% was used as an electron acceptor in the aerobic step. PCE and VC half lives in the anaerobic and aerobic steps respectively, where less than 10 min. JF - Water Science and Technology AU - Mihopoulos, P G AU - Suidan, M T AU - Sayles, G D A2 - Grabow, W. O. K. A2 - Dohman, M. A2 - Gilbert, J. A2 - Haas, C. A2 - House, M. A2 - Lesouef, A. A2 - Nielsen, J. A2 - van der Vlies, A. W. A2 - Villesot, D. A2 - Wanner, J. A2 - Watanabe, Y. A2 - Milburn, A. A2 - Purdon, C. D. A2 - Nagle, P. T. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 365 EP - 372 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York VL - 43 IS - 5 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - vinyl chloride KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - pollutants KW - soil vapor extraction KW - oxidation KW - dehalogenation KW - unsaturated zone KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - remediation KW - carbon dioxide KW - aerobic environment KW - organic compounds KW - bioventing KW - chemical reactions KW - decontamination KW - dechlorination KW - sequential extraction KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52046819?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Complete+remediation+of+PCE+contaminated+unsaturated+soils+by+sequential+anaerobic-aerobic+bioventing&rft.au=Mihopoulos%2C+P+G%3BSuidan%2C+M+T%3BSayles%2C+G+D&rft.aulast=Mihopoulos&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=365&rft.isbn=1900222698&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.iwaponline.com/wst/toc.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International Water Association , 1st world water congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WSTED4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; anaerobic environment; bioventing; carbon dioxide; chemical reactions; chlorinated hydrocarbons; dechlorination; decontamination; dehalogenation; halogenated hydrocarbons; organic compounds; oxidation; pollutants; pollution; remediation; sequential extraction; soil treatment; soil vapor extraction; soils; tetrachloroethylene; unsaturated zone; vinyl chloride ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developing a spatial framework of common ecological regions for the conterminous United States AN - 51979179; 2003-045245 JF - Environmental Management (New York) AU - McMahon, Gerard AU - Gregonis, Steven M AU - Waltman, Sharon W AU - Omernik, James M AU - Thorson, Thor D AU - Freeouf, Jerry A AU - Rorick, Andrew H AU - Keys, James Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 293 EP - 316 PB - Springer-Verlag, New York, NY VL - 28 IS - 3 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - United States KW - programs KW - regulations KW - information management KW - data management KW - natural resources KW - conservation KW - land management KW - policy KW - ecology KW - water resources KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51979179?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management+%28New+York%29&rft.atitle=Developing+a+spatial+framework+of+common+ecological+regions+for+the+conterminous+United+States&rft.au=McMahon%2C+Gerard%3BGregonis%2C+Steven+M%3BWaltman%2C+Sharon+W%3BOmernik%2C+James+M%3BThorson%2C+Thor+D%3BFreeouf%2C+Jerry+A%3BRorick%2C+Andrew+H%3BKeys%2C+James&rft.aulast=McMahon&rft.aufirst=Gerard&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management+%28New+York%29&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs002670010225 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 120 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ENMGDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - conservation; data management; ecology; information management; land management; land use; natural resources; policy; programs; regulations; United States; water resources DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002670010225 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radio-tracking of cobbles in a mountain stream in Southwest Idaho AN - 51971249; 2003-051402 JF - Proceedings - Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference AU - McNamara, James P AU - Borden, J Carter AU - Fitzgerald, James AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - III63 EP - III69 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 7, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - Idaho KW - technology KW - sediment transport KW - clastic sediments KW - suspended materials KW - cobbles KW - southwestern Idaho KW - streamflow KW - sampling KW - sediments KW - streams KW - instruments KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51971249?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+Federal+Interagency+Sedimentation+Conference&rft.atitle=Radio-tracking+of+cobbles+in+a+mountain+stream+in+Southwest+Idaho&rft.au=McNamara%2C+James+P%3BBorden%2C+J+Carter%3BFitzgerald%2C+James%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=McNamara&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=7%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=III63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+Federal+Interagency+Sedimentation+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Seventh Federal interagency sedimentation conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PFICDD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - clastic sediments; cobbles; hydrology; Idaho; instruments; sampling; sediment transport; sediments; southwestern Idaho; streamflow; streams; suspended materials; technology; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of indirect fluvial sediment monitoring to develop a total maximum daily load for the Middle Fork Payette River subbasin in central Idaho AN - 51969832; 2003-051478 AB - Direct fluvial sediment monitoring used in developing Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) for stream segments impaired by "clean" sediment is resource and time intensive. Our study examines the use of streambed sediment facies mapping to characterize and quantify sand storage (material <8 mm) as an alternative to direct fluvial sediment monitoring. We quantified in-channel sand stored in two study reaches the Middle Fork Payette River, central Idaho, and compared the storage results with results from two years of direct monitoring. The river's streambed is characterized by sand dunes (d (sub 50) = 1.5 mm) moving over a coarser, armored layer (d (sub 50) = 57.0 mm). We delineated streambed facies by the percentage of surficial sand coverage and relative mobility of coarse fraction and determined sand volumes using a stratified, systematic sampling grid. The upstream and downstream reaches hold 0.20 and 0.62 ft (super 3) /ft (super 2) , respectively, or 259 and 898 yd (super 3) for equivalent 500 ft reaches. Presuming that the upper reach has the desired streambed conditions, then the sand stored in the lower reach needs to be reduced by 68%. Direct measurement of bedload transport yielded a required 68% reduction in supply at the lower reach. These remarkably identical results, given the error involved in sediment budget calculations, suggests that sediment facies mapping is a viable and cost effective alternative to direct monitoring for characterization and quantification of sand storage. Additional benefits of streambed facies mapping include increased sediment budget resolution, greater knowledge about available fish habitat, and increased predictive bedload transport equation accuracy. JF - Proceedings - Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference AU - Borden, Carter AU - Fitzgerald, James AU - McNamara, James P AU - Gylsson, G Douglas Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - VII10 EP - VII17 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 7, Volume 2 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - bedload KW - water quality KW - Idaho KW - monitoring KW - sediment transport KW - Middle Fork Payette River KW - channels KW - suspended materials KW - central Idaho KW - total maximum daily load KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51969832?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+Federal+Interagency+Sedimentation+Conference&rft.atitle=Use+of+indirect+fluvial+sediment+monitoring+to+develop+a+total+maximum+daily+load+for+the+Middle+Fork+Payette+River+subbasin+in+central+Idaho&rft.au=Borden%2C+Carter%3BFitzgerald%2C+James%3BMcNamara%2C+James+P%3BGylsson%2C+G+Douglas&rft.aulast=Borden&rft.aufirst=Carter&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=7%2C+Volume+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=VII10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+Federal+Interagency+Sedimentation+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Seventh Federal interagency sedimentation conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PFICDD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedload; central Idaho; channels; hydrology; Idaho; Middle Fork Payette River; monitoring; sediment transport; suspended materials; total maximum daily load; United States; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chattooga River watershed ecological/sedimentation project AN - 51969305; 2003-051518 AB - As an integral part of the comprehensive water quality investigation of the Chattooga River watershed, an ecological and sedimentological study was conducted on selected stream reaches within the study area. The objective of this study was to conduct a sediment yield study and determine if sediment was a primary cause of physical and biological impairment to streams within the watershed. As result of this study, accelerated sedimentation has been identified to be the leading determinant in loss of habitat and reduction in bedform diversity within the study area. Good correlation was observed between aquatic ecology and normalized total suspended solids (TSS) data. Based on overlaying the biological index on TSS normalized to discharge/mean discharge, TSS concentrations greater than 284 mg/l adversely affected aquatic macroinvertebrate community structure. However, based on historic regional suspended-sediment concentrations, a normalized TSS concentration of 58 mg/l or less during storm flow provides an adequate margin of safety and is protective of aquatic macroinvertebrates in the Blue Ridge physiography. Corresponding turbidity limits of 69 and 22 NTU established the threshold of biological impairment and margin of safety, respectively. Previously, a similar turbidity of 25 NTU has been recommended for stream restoration management plans. Relative to reference streams, impaired streams yielded higher bedload and suspended load. The results of this study showed that road density and associated sediment sources accounted for 51% of the total sediment loading. JF - Proceedings - Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference AU - Pruitt, Bruce A AU - Melgaard, Dave L AU - Howard, Hoke AU - Flexner, Morris C AU - Able, Anthony S AU - Gylsson, G Douglas Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - X89 EP - X96 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 7, Volume 2 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - water quality KW - Chattooga River KW - South Carolina KW - sediment transport KW - loading KW - sedimentation KW - watersheds KW - water management KW - suspended materials KW - remediation KW - sediment yield KW - North Carolina KW - ecology KW - Georgia KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51969305?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+Federal+Interagency+Sedimentation+Conference&rft.atitle=Chattooga+River+watershed+ecological%2Fsedimentation+project&rft.au=Pruitt%2C+Bruce+A%3BMelgaard%2C+Dave+L%3BHoward%2C+Hoke%3BFlexner%2C+Morris+C%3BAble%2C+Anthony+S%3BGylsson%2C+G+Douglas&rft.aulast=Pruitt&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=7%2C+Volume+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=X89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+Federal+Interagency+Sedimentation+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Seventh Federal interagency sedimentation conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PFICDD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chattooga River; ecology; Georgia; hydrology; loading; North Carolina; remediation; sediment transport; sediment yield; sedimentation; South Carolina; suspended materials; United States; water management; water quality; water resources; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Landscape approach to sediment control AN - 51968955; 2003-051516 AB - States report that about 40 percent of the waters they assessed, do not meet water quality goals. About half of the nation's over 2,000 major water bodies have serious or moderate water quality problems. Among all pollutants afflicting streams and rivers in the United States, sediment is by far the greatest in terms of volume. There are a multitude of anthropogenic sources of sediment that are likely to enter and degrade our nation's water resources. Agriculture in its several forms is by far the largest generator of sediment. The present approach of addressing agricultural sediment sources on a site-by-site basis has not been totally effective and in a number of cases has resulted in further degradation downstream. For environmental purposes we need a landscape approach for comprehensively addressing sediment pollution. This approach must include a combination of activities that promote the prevention, mitigation and treatment of sediment pollution To compliment the landscape approach a new way to prioritize areas within the landscape needs to be adopted that is based upon site-specific conditions and takes in to account the potential for causing off-site impacts. Utilizing the landscape approach and this new prioritization process together, we can focus available resources and implement effective strategies to solve sediment related problems. This paper will a present a landscape approach to sediment management on a watershed basis, focusing on agriculture, and a technique by which to prioritize management efforts based upon potential off-site impacts. JF - Proceedings - Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference AU - Davenport, Thomas E AU - Kirschner, Lyn AU - Gylsson, G Douglas Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - X73 EP - X80 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 7, Volume 2 KW - United States KW - scour KW - hydrology KW - water quality KW - sediment transport KW - erosion KW - agriculture KW - water management KW - pollution KW - suspended materials KW - nonpoint sources KW - runoff KW - water resources KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51968955?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+Federal+Interagency+Sedimentation+Conference&rft.atitle=Landscape+approach+to+sediment+control&rft.au=Davenport%2C+Thomas+E%3BKirschner%2C+Lyn%3BGylsson%2C+G+Douglas&rft.aulast=Davenport&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=7%2C+Volume+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=X73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+Federal+Interagency+Sedimentation+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Seventh Federal interagency sedimentation conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PFICDD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; erosion; hydrology; land use; nonpoint sources; pollution; runoff; scour; sediment transport; suspended materials; United States; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enantiomeric composition of chiral polychlorinated biphenyl atropisomers in aquatic bed sediment AN - 51966355; 2003-053802 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Wong, Charles S AU - Garrison, Arthur W AU - Foreman, William T Y1 - 2001/01// PY - 2001 DA - January 2001 SP - 33 EP - 39 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 35 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - PCBs KW - gas chromatograms KW - techniques KW - sequential extraction KW - sediments KW - chemical properties KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - chemical analysis KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - dehalogenation KW - pollution KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - Housatonic River KW - dechlorination KW - transformations KW - aquatic environment KW - Hudson River KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51966355?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Enantiomeric+composition+of+chiral+polychlorinated+biphenyl+atropisomers+in+aquatic+bed+sediment&rft.au=Wong%2C+Charles+S%3BGarrison%2C+Arthur+W%3BForeman%2C+William+T&rft.aulast=Wong&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; biodegradation; chemical analysis; chemical composition; chemical properties; chlorinated hydrocarbons; dechlorination; dehalogenation; detection; experimental studies; gas chromatograms; geochemistry; halogenated hydrocarbons; Housatonic River; Hudson River; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; sediments; sequential extraction; surface water; techniques; transformations; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Symposium of the American Chemical Society Division of Environmental Chemistry on Persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic chemicals AN - 51868464; 2004-028616 JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Lipnick, Robert L AU - Jansson, Bo AU - Mackay, Donald AU - Petreas, Myrto Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 276 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 773 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - soils KW - toxic materials KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - chemical waste KW - bioaccumulation KW - models KW - toxicity KW - symposia KW - chemical properties KW - risk assessment KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51868464?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Symposium+of+the+American+Chemical+Society+Division+of+Environmental+Chemistry+on+Persistent%2C+bioaccumulative%2C+and+toxic+chemicals&rft.au=Lipnick%2C+Robert+L%3BJansson%2C+Bo%3BMackay%2C+Donald%3BPetreas%2C+Myrto&rft.aulast=Lipnick&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=773&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0841236755&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium of the American Chemical Society Division of Environmental Chemistry on Persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic chemicals N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioaccumulation; chemical properties; chemical waste; degradation; models; pollutants; pollution; risk assessment; soils; symposia; toxic materials; toxicity; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Persistance of DDT residues and dieldrin off a pesticide processing plant in San Francisco Bay, California AN - 51867970; 2004-028630 AB - This paper reports concentrations of DDT residues and dieldrin in surficial sediment, unfiltered near-surface water, intertidal mussels, and epibenthic and pelagic organisms collected from Richmond Harbor more than 25 years after removal of the predominant local source of these contaminants. High concentrations were measured in most of the samples collected. Despite the large concentration gradients away from the source zone, relatively little variability in the tissue/water bioconcentration factors for the mussel, a benthic Gobiid fish, and the pelagic shiner surfperch was observed. This indicates that these organisms are potentially useful bioindicators of organochlorine contamination in estuarine ecosystems. JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Young, David AU - Ozretich, Robert AU - Lee, Henry, II AU - Echols, Scott AU - Frazier, John A2 - Lipnick, Robert L. A2 - Hermens, Joop L. M. A2 - Jones, Kevin C. A2 - Muir, Derek C. G. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 204 EP - 217 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 772 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - degradation KW - organochlorine pesticides KW - chemical waste KW - environmental analysis KW - bioaccumulation KW - California KW - San Francisco Bay KW - sediments KW - Richmond Harbor KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - ecology KW - industry KW - estuarine environment KW - dieldrin KW - insecticides KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - biota KW - habitat KW - organic compounds KW - DDT KW - coastal environment KW - pesticides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51867970?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Persistance+of+DDT+residues+and+dieldrin+off+a+pesticide+processing+plant+in+San+Francisco+Bay%2C+California&rft.au=Young%2C+David%3BOzretich%2C+Robert%3BLee%2C+Henry%2C+II%3BEchols%2C+Scott%3BFrazier%2C+John&rft.aulast=Young&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=772&rft.issue=&rft.spage=204&rft.isbn=0841236747&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium of the American Chemical Society Division of Environmental Chemistry on Persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic chemicals N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioaccumulation; biota; California; chemical waste; chlorinated hydrocarbons; coastal environment; concentration; DDT; degradation; dieldrin; ecology; environmental analysis; estuarine environment; habitat; halogenated hydrocarbons; industry; insecticides; organic compounds; organochlorine pesticides; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; Richmond Harbor; San Francisco Bay; sediments; surface water; toxic materials; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationship between persistence and spatial range of environmental chemicals AN - 51866397; 2004-028620 AB - Several approaches to calculate the spatial range or travel distance of environmental chemicals have been proposed in the literature. Here we evaluate the relationship between different definitions of spatial range and travel distance and between these quantities and the chemical's atmospheric residence time. We show that the results from a simple global multimedia fate and transport model can account for the analytical relationship. In contrast, the relationship between a chemical's overall persistence and spatial range cannot be described by an analytical expression. A plot of the spatial range versus the overall persistence does not show a well defined relationship between these two measures. The deviations from the analytical relation between atmospheric residence time and spatial range are caused by differences in the phase partitioning of the chemicals. In addition, deviations are strongly influenced by the release media. These effects are demonstrated by correlating the deviations from the analytical relation with the octanol-air partitioning coefficient for each chemical. JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Scheringer, Martin AU - Bennett, Deborah H AU - McKone, Thomas E AU - Hungerbuehler, Konrad AU - Lipnick, Robert L AU - Jansson, Bo AU - Mackay, Donald AU - Petreas, Myrto Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 52 EP - 63 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 773 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - concentration KW - toluene KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - atmosphere KW - octane KW - chemical waste KW - fluid dynamics KW - benzene KW - models KW - ethers KW - partitioning KW - organic compounds KW - methyl tert-butyl ether KW - transport KW - residence time KW - steady-state processes KW - hydrocarbons KW - discharge KW - regression analysis KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - diffusivity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51866397?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Relationship+between+persistence+and+spatial+range+of+environmental+chemicals&rft.au=Scheringer%2C+Martin%3BBennett%2C+Deborah+H%3BMcKone%2C+Thomas+E%3BHungerbuehler%2C+Konrad%3BLipnick%2C+Robert+L%3BJansson%2C+Bo%3BMackay%2C+Donald%3BPetreas%2C+Myrto&rft.aulast=Scheringer&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=773&rft.issue=&rft.spage=52&rft.isbn=0841236755&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium of the American Chemical Society Division of Environmental Chemistry on Persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic chemicals N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; atmosphere; benzene; chemical waste; concentration; diffusivity; discharge; ethers; fluid dynamics; hydrocarbons; methyl tert-butyl ether; models; octane; organic compounds; partitioning; pollutants; pollution; regression analysis; residence time; statistical analysis; steady-state processes; toluene; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CART screening level analysis of persistence; a case study AN - 51866357; 2004-028619 AB - For the thousands of chemicals continuously released into the environment, it is desirable to make prospective assessments of those likely to be persistent. Persistent chemicals will remain in the environment a long time. Based on specific criteria for persistence, a binary logic tree can be developed to classify a chemical as "persistent" or "non-persistent" based on the chemical's properties. In this approach, the classification is based on the results of a standardized multimedia model. Thus, the classifications are more comprehensive for multimedia pollutants than classification using single media half-lives. A case study using twenty-six chemicals for three modes of entry into a unit world environment compares the characteristic time calculated from the multimedia model to the classification resulting from the tree. JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Bennett, Deborah H AU - McKone, Thomas E AU - Kastenberg, W E AU - Lipnick, Robert L AU - Jansson, Bo AU - Mackay, Donald AU - Petreas, Myrto Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 29 EP - 41 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 773 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - water KW - soils KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - mathematical transformations KW - pollution KW - chemical waste KW - equilibrium KW - models KW - case studies KW - toxicity KW - chemical properties KW - CART model KW - air KW - algorithms KW - mass transfer KW - Classification and Regression Tree model KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51866357?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=CART+screening+level+analysis+of+persistence%3B+a+case+study&rft.au=Bennett%2C+Deborah+H%3BMcKone%2C+Thomas+E%3BKastenberg%2C+W+E%3BLipnick%2C+Robert+L%3BJansson%2C+Bo%3BMackay%2C+Donald%3BPetreas%2C+Myrto&rft.aulast=Bennett&rft.aufirst=Deborah&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=773&rft.issue=&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=0841236755&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium of the American Chemical Society Division of Environmental Chemistry on Persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic chemicals N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air; algorithms; CART model; case studies; chemical properties; chemical waste; Classification and Regression Tree model; degradation; equilibrium; mass transfer; mathematical transformations; models; pollutants; pollution; soils; statistical analysis; toxicity; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Short chain chlorinated paraffins; are they persistent and bioaccumulative? AN - 51865877; 2004-028622 AB - Short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) are polychlorinated-[C (sub 10) to C (sub 13) ]-n-alkanes which are used as additives in metal working fluids and flame retarding applications. They have physical properties similar to many persistent organic pollutants (POPs). In this study levels of SCCPs were measured in effluents, sediments, water, air, and fish from Lake Ontario and in beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas) blubber from the St. Lawrence River estuary and the Canadian arctic. SCCPs were detected in all samples but generally at levels much lower than PCBs. There was also evidence for biotransformation of SCCPs. The results suggest SCCPs are not as persistent or bioaccumulative as many POPs. JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Muir, Derek AU - Bennie, Don AU - Teixeira, Camilla AU - Fisk, Aaron AU - Tomy, Gregg AU - Stern, Gary AU - Whittle, Mike AU - Lipnick, Robert L AU - Jansson, Bo AU - Mackay, Donald AU - Petreas, Myrto Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 184 EP - 202 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 773 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - degradation KW - Quebec KW - PCBs KW - gas chromatograms KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - mass spectra KW - bioavailability KW - bioaccumulation KW - arctic environment KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes KW - ecology KW - spectra KW - North America KW - Lake Ontario KW - pollutants KW - effluents KW - surface water KW - Saint Lawrence Estuary KW - pollution KW - alkanes KW - paraffins KW - biota KW - habitat KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - Canada KW - lacustrine environment KW - hydrocarbons KW - air KW - transformations KW - Eastern Canada KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51865877?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Short+chain+chlorinated+paraffins%3B+are+they+persistent+and+bioaccumulative%3F&rft.au=Muir%2C+Derek%3BBennie%2C+Don%3BTeixeira%2C+Camilla%3BFisk%2C+Aaron%3BTomy%2C+Gregg%3BStern%2C+Gary%3BWhittle%2C+Mike%3BLipnick%2C+Robert+L%3BJansson%2C+Bo%3BMackay%2C+Donald%3BPetreas%2C+Myrto&rft.aulast=Muir&rft.aufirst=Derek&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=773&rft.issue=&rft.spage=184&rft.isbn=0841236755&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium of the American Chemical Society Division of Environmental Chemistry on Persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic chemicals N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; arctic environment; bioaccumulation; bioavailability; biota; Canada; chlorinated hydrocarbons; degradation; Eastern Canada; ecology; effluents; gas chromatograms; Great Lakes; habitat; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; lacustrine environment; Lake Ontario; mass spectra; North America; organic compounds; paraffins; PCBs; physical properties; pollutants; pollution; Quebec; Saint Lawrence Estuary; sediments; spectra; surface water; transformations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling historical emissions and environmental fate of PCBs in the United Kingdom AN - 51865632; 2004-028621 AB - A primary emission driven fugacity model of the historical fate, behavior and distribution of PCBs in the UK environment is described. The model attempts to re-create the temporal release trend of PCBs over the last 40 years and to replicate the observed historical trends in soils and sediments. The releases of PCBs to the UK atmosphere are modeled using emission curves calculated from production and use data and emission factors. Life-spans of end uses, such as capacitors and transformers, are included, resulting in the removal or reduction of potential sources. As a result of release to the atmosphere from primary sources and the advection of contaminated air into the atmosphere, the UK environment has become contaminated, with the soil accounting for most of the burden. The model predictions agree reasonably well with measured data from archived soils and fresh water sediment cores, both in terms of temporal trends and predicted concentrations. The use of soil-air fugacity ratios suggests that soil changed from being a net sink through the 1950's until the mid 1980's into a net source during the 1990's. Current measured and predicted ratios suggest that near equilibrium conditions exist. A sensitivity analysis of the model is also included and discussed along with recommendations as to possible future improvements to models of this type. JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Sweetman, Andrew J AU - Jones, Kevin C AU - Lipnick, Robert L AU - Jansson, Bo AU - Mackay, Donald AU - Petreas, Myrto Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 75 EP - 88 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 773 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - biodegradation KW - fresh-water sedimentation KW - Western Europe KW - pollutants KW - sedimentation KW - PCBs KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - United Kingdom KW - models KW - history KW - organic compounds KW - sensitivity analysis KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - depositional environment KW - discharge KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51865632?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Modeling+historical+emissions+and+environmental+fate+of+PCBs+in+the+United+Kingdom&rft.au=Sweetman%2C+Andrew+J%3BJones%2C+Kevin+C%3BLipnick%2C+Robert+L%3BJansson%2C+Bo%3BMackay%2C+Donald%3BPetreas%2C+Myrto&rft.aulast=Sweetman&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=773&rft.issue=&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=0841236755&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium of the American Chemical Society Division of Environmental Chemistry on Persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic chemicals N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitation; biodegradation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; depositional environment; discharge; Europe; fresh-water sedimentation; halogenated hydrocarbons; history; models; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; prediction; sedimentation; sediments; sensitivity analysis; soils; United Kingdom; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Persistence of a petroleum hydrocarbon mixture in the soil profile during leaching; a field experiment AN - 51865275; 2004-028627 AB - The fate and persistence of a petroleum spill under leaching were studied in a field experiment in which the amount of contaminant on the soil surface, the soil moisture status and the leaching pattern were all controlled. Kerosene -- a semivolatile mixture of petroleum hydrocarbons -- was applied to a sandy loam Mediterranean Red Soil and leached with 500 mm of irrigation and 500 mm of rain water. The field was sampled periodically during 180 days following application and the redistribution and persistence of kerosene components were determined. The major portion of the petroleum product applied to the soils was retained in the upper part of the profile and, despite the amount of leaching water applied, only a slight proportion was transported to the deeper layers. The average residual total concentration of kerosene after 180 days and leaching with 1,000 mm water decreased from 20, 000 ug/g soil to 1,900 ug/g soil in the soil upper 20 cm layer. It was shown that soil dissipation and redistribution are the controlling factors affecting the persistence of kerosene components in field soils and that these factors are affected by the properties of the contaminant and the porous medium and the prevailing environmental conditions. JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Dror, Ishai AU - Gerstl, Zev AU - Rubin, Hilel AU - Braester, Carol AU - Yaron, Bruno A2 - Lipnick, Robert L. A2 - Hermens, Joop L. M. A2 - Jones, Kevin C. A2 - Muir, Derek C. G. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 70 EP - 84 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 772 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - Red soils KW - experimental studies KW - soil profiles KW - contaminant plumes KW - rainfall KW - pollutants KW - moisture KW - gas chromatograms KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - petroleum products KW - irrigation KW - volatilization KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - leaching KW - Mediterranean region KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51865275?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Persistence+of+a+petroleum+hydrocarbon+mixture+in+the+soil+profile+during+leaching%3B+a+field+experiment&rft.au=Dror%2C+Ishai%3BGerstl%2C+Zev%3BRubin%2C+Hilel%3BBraester%2C+Carol%3BYaron%2C+Bruno&rft.aulast=Dror&rft.aufirst=Ishai&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=772&rft.issue=&rft.spage=70&rft.isbn=0841236747&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium of the American Chemical Society Division of Environmental Chemistry on Persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic chemicals N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - concentration; contaminant plumes; experimental studies; gas chromatograms; hydrocarbons; hydrology; irrigation; leaching; leaking underground storage tanks; Mediterranean region; moisture; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; rainfall; Red soils; soil profiles; soils; toxic materials; unsaturated zone; volatilization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Resistant desorption kinetics of chlorinated organic compounds from contaminated soil and sediment AN - 51865211; 2004-028629 AB - The chemical release rates from laboratory and field contaminated sediments were studied. Contrary to reports that sorption rates are inversely related to K (sub ow) , the slow desorption rates were found to be similar for different compounds. The data were modeled by a two compartment irreversible adsorption and radial diffusion model. Desorption kinetics from the first irreversible compartment can be modeled by radial diffusion and assume an irreversible adsorption constant and soil tortuosity of 4.3. The desorption half life is approximately 2-7 days. Desorption from the second irreversible compartment is very slow, (half-life of approximately 0.32 -8.62 years) presumably caused by entrapment in soil organic matter that increases the constrictivity of the solid phase to chemical diffusion. From the kinetic data, it is deduced that the diffusion pore diameter of the second irreversible compartment is approximately equal to the critical molecular diameter. The mass of chemicals in this highly constrictive irreversible compartment is approximately one fourth of the maximum irreversible, or resistant, compartment. The slow kinetics observed in this study add additional support to the notion that the irreversibly sorbed chemicals are "benign" to the environment. JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Kan, Amy T AU - Chen, Wei AU - Towson, Mason B A2 - Lipnick, Robert L. A2 - Hermens, Joop L. M. A2 - Jones, Kevin C. A2 - Muir, Derek C. G. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 112 EP - 122 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 772 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - United States KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - concentration KW - sorption KW - desorption KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - rates KW - chemical waste KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - sediments KW - Lake Charles KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Louisiana KW - kinetics KW - diffusivity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51865211?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Resistant+desorption+kinetics+of+chlorinated+organic+compounds+from+contaminated+soil+and+sediment&rft.au=Kan%2C+Amy+T%3BChen%2C+Wei%3BTowson%2C+Mason+B&rft.aulast=Kan&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=772&rft.issue=&rft.spage=112&rft.isbn=0841236747&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium of the American Chemical Society Division of Environmental Chemistry on Persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic chemicals N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical waste; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; desorption; diffusivity; halogenated hydrocarbons; kinetics; Lake Charles; Louisiana; models; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; rates; sediments; soils; sorption; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic substances AN - 51864673; 2004-028617 AB - Increased sensitivity in the analyses of environmental media, including air, water, soils, sediments and biota, has revealed the presence of a number of toxic chemicals at significant concentrations and at considerable distances from known sources. Identification of these persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT) substances has often been fortuitous, suggesting that a more thorough examination of the universe of chemicals of commerce will reveal more PBTs. There is a need to predict the behavior of candidate PBTs using a combination of structure-property and structure-activity relationships, experimental data and mass balance modelling. Clearly, there is an incentive for international cooperation in this task, given the large number of chemicals. Recent activities in a variety of national and international fora are reviewed, providing a report on the status of global efforts to identify and, ultimately, regulate PBT substances. JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Jansson, Bo AU - Lipnick, Robert L AU - Mackay, Donald AU - Petreas, Myrto Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 773 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - soils KW - North America KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - degradation KW - Western Europe KW - human activity KW - regulations KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - ecosystems KW - chemical waste KW - biota KW - bioaccumulation KW - organic compounds KW - toxicity KW - sediments KW - air KW - United Nations KW - pesticides KW - water pollution KW - aquatic environment KW - public health KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51864673?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Identification+of+persistent%2C+bioaccumulative%2C+and+toxic+substances&rft.au=Jansson%2C+Bo%3BLipnick%2C+Robert+L%3BMackay%2C+Donald%3BPetreas%2C+Myrto&rft.aulast=Jansson&rft.aufirst=Bo&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=773&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=0841236755&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium of the American Chemical Society Division of Environmental Chemistry on Persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic chemicals N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air; aquatic environment; bioaccumulation; biota; chemical waste; concentration; degradation; ecosystems; Europe; human activity; North America; organic compounds; pesticides; pollution; public health; regulations; sediments; soils; toxic materials; toxicity; United Nations; water pollution; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Polycyclic musk fragrances in the aquatic environment AN - 51864077; 2004-028623 AB - The aim of this study was to obtain data about the contamination of different environmental compartments by polycyclic musks [Galaxolide (super R) (HHCB), Tonalide (super R) (AHTN), Celestolide (super R) (ADBI), Phantolide (super R) (AHMI), and Traesolide (super R) (ATII)] within the framework of an exposure monitoring program. Additionally, the situation as regards eel contamination was to be documented and statements made concerning the enrichment of the above mentioned substances in biological materials. To these ends, a total of 102 surface water samples, 59 sediment samples and 165 eel samples were taken from three Berlin water areas known to be contaminated to different extents with sewage. In addition, samples from the outflows of five municipal sewage works collected over a 30 day period were examined. Results for HHCB gave the following mean values in areas strongly polluted with sewage: surface water 1.59 mu g/1; sediment 0.92 mg/kg d.w. and eel 1513 mu g/kg f.w. (in the edible portion) (6471 mu g/kg lipid). The following average concentrations were found in waters hardly contaminated with sewage: surface water 0.07 mu g/1, sediment <0.02 mg/kg and eel 52 mu g/kg f.w. (445 mu g/kg lipid). Mean concentrations of 6.85 mu g/1 (maximum: 13.3 mu g/1) could be measured at sewage treatment plants' outlets. It could be shown that these polycyclics are highly suited to use as indicators of the degree of contamination of waters with organic substances originating from sewage. A mean bioconcentration factor (BCF) on wet weight of 862 (HHCB) and 1069 (AHTN) for the transfer from water to eel under natural conditions could be calculated. The corresponding BCF-values based on the lipid content of eel were 3504 (HHCB) and 5017 (AHTN). Our measured results for those aquatic regions strongly contaminated with sewage are only slightly below the PNEC (sub water) (provisional no effect concentration) values. In waters with low or moderate sewage contamination, the average concentrations for HHCB are respectively a factor of 100 or 30 lower. JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Fromme, Hermann AU - Otto, Thomas AU - Pilz, Konstanze AU - Lipnick, Robert L AU - Jansson, Bo AU - Mackay, Donald AU - Petreas, Myrto Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 203 EP - 222 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 773 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - water quality KW - fatty acids KW - Dahme River KW - lipids KW - Berlin Germany KW - Europe KW - bioavailability KW - chemical waste KW - Spree River KW - bioaccumulation KW - Central Europe KW - Brandenburg Germany KW - discharge KW - programs KW - water supply KW - monitoring KW - sewage KW - effluents KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - biota KW - habitat KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - detection KW - Germany KW - aquatic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51864077?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Polycyclic+musk+fragrances+in+the+aquatic+environment&rft.au=Fromme%2C+Hermann%3BOtto%2C+Thomas%3BPilz%2C+Konstanze%3BLipnick%2C+Robert+L%3BJansson%2C+Bo%3BMackay%2C+Donald%3BPetreas%2C+Myrto&rft.aulast=Fromme&rft.aufirst=Hermann&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=773&rft.issue=&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=0841236755&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium of the American Chemical Society Division of Environmental Chemistry on Persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic chemicals N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 11 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; Berlin Germany; bioaccumulation; bioavailability; biota; Brandenburg Germany; Central Europe; chemical waste; Dahme River; detection; discharge; effluents; Europe; fatty acids; Germany; habitat; lipids; monitoring; organic acids; organic compounds; pollution; programs; sewage; Spree River; surface water; water quality; water supply ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling irreversible sorption of hydrophobic organic contaminants in natural sediments AN - 51863919; 2004-028626 AB - The ability to quantitatively predict the resistant release of sediment-associated hydrophobic organic contaminants is extremely important in managing contaminated sediments. Many laboratory and field observations support the irreversible sorption model proposed by the authors, in which irreversible sorption is attributed to the physical binding of organic molecules in sediment organic matter. This kind of physical binding is not affected by a number of physical and chemical changes in the environment, such as competitive sorption, discharge of caustic materials, and external mechanical disturbance. Quantitatively, irreversible sorption of hydrophobic organic contaminants can be well modeled with an irreversible sorption isotherm, which accounts for the contribution of both the reversible and irreversible compartments. Since the parameters of the irreversible isotherm can be readily estimated or measured, it provides a simple yet more accurate approach to predicting the long-term resistant release of contaminants sorbed in sediments. The irreversible sorption model may significantly improve the accuracy of fate-transport modeling and risk assessment. It should also provide guidance to environmental decision making. JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Chen, Wei AU - Kan, Amy T AU - Tomson, Mason B A2 - Lipnick, Robert L. A2 - Hermens, Joop L. M. A2 - Jones, Kevin C. A2 - Muir, Derek C. G. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 58 EP - 69 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 772 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - concentration KW - sorption KW - desorption KW - pollutants KW - herbicides KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - decision-making KW - adsorption KW - models KW - waste management KW - triazines KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - transport KW - isotherms KW - atrazine KW - sediments KW - theoretical models KW - pesticides KW - pH KW - hydrophobic materials KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51863919?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Modeling+irreversible+sorption+of+hydrophobic+organic+contaminants+in+natural+sediments&rft.au=Chen%2C+Wei%3BKan%2C+Amy+T%3BTomson%2C+Mason+B&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Wei&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=772&rft.issue=&rft.spage=58&rft.isbn=0841236747&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium of the American Chemical Society Division of Environmental Chemistry on Persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic chemicals N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; atrazine; concentration; decision-making; desorption; herbicides; hydrophobic materials; isotherms; mathematical models; models; organic compounds; pesticides; pH; physical properties; pollutants; pollution; sediments; sorption; theoretical models; transport; triazines; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Defining the bioaccumulation, persistence, and transport attributes of priority chemicals AN - 51863763; 2004-028618 AB - Persistence, tendency to bioaccumulate and potential for long range transport are three attributes of an organic chemical which, in combination with toxicity, can result in classification as a priority pollutant. These three attributes are largely consequences of the fundamental physical-chemical, degradation and transport properties of a substance. Methods by which these fundamental properties can be translated into expressions of persistence, bioaccumulation and long range transport as part of the classification system are discussed. It is argued that mass balance models must play a central role in any such classification systems. Strategies by which models can be used in this context are reviewed, suggested and discussed. JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Mackay, Donald AU - Webster, Eva AU - Beyer, Andreas AU - Matthies, Michael AU - Wania, Frank AU - Lipnick, Robert L AU - Jansson, Bo AU - Petreas, Myrto Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 14 EP - 28 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 773 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - soils KW - toxic materials KW - terrestrial environment KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - physicochemical properties KW - photochemistry KW - pollution KW - chemical waste KW - bioaccumulation KW - toxicity KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - chemical properties KW - depositional environment KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51863763?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Defining+the+bioaccumulation%2C+persistence%2C+and+transport+attributes+of+priority+chemicals&rft.au=Mackay%2C+Donald%3BWebster%2C+Eva%3BBeyer%2C+Andreas%3BMatthies%2C+Michael%3BWania%2C+Frank%3BLipnick%2C+Robert+L%3BJansson%2C+Bo%3BPetreas%2C+Myrto&rft.aulast=Mackay&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=773&rft.issue=&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=0841236755&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium of the American Chemical Society Division of Environmental Chemistry on Persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic chemicals N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioaccumulation; chemical properties; chemical reactions; chemical waste; degradation; depositional environment; photochemistry; physicochemical properties; pollutants; pollution; soils; terrestrial environment; toxic materials; toxicity; transport; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Polychlorinated biphenyls in Poland; history, fate, and occurrence AN - 51863224; 2004-028628 AB - The review presents the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) regulatory history and sources of their emission into Polish environment. The levels of these xenobiotics determined in different environmental matrices from Poland (air, water, sediments, soil and biota) are compared with data obtained in other regions of world. The concentrations of PCBs detected in several classes of Polish food are discussed. JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Lulek, Janina A2 - Lipnick, Robert L. A2 - Hermens, Joop L. M. A2 - Jones, Kevin C. A2 - Muir, Derek C. G. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 85 EP - 98 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 772 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - PCBs KW - lead KW - organochlorine pesticides KW - Europe KW - Central Europe KW - agrochemicals KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - ecology KW - mercury KW - soils KW - forests KW - insecticides KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - damage KW - pollution KW - standardization KW - solubility KW - habitat KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - Poland KW - metals KW - DDT KW - pesticides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51863224?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Polychlorinated+biphenyls+in+Poland%3B+history%2C+fate%2C+and+occurrence&rft.au=Lulek%2C+Janina&rft.aulast=Lulek&rft.aufirst=Janina&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=772&rft.issue=&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=0841236747&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium of the American Chemical Society Division of Environmental Chemistry on Persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic chemicals N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agrochemicals; Central Europe; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; damage; DDT; detection; ecology; Europe; forests; habitat; halogenated hydrocarbons; insecticides; lead; mercury; metals; monitoring; organic compounds; organochlorine pesticides; PCBs; pesticides; Poland; pollutants; pollution; soils; solubility; standardization; toxic materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sediment contamination in Lake Erie; a 25-year retrospective analysis AN - 51853466; 2004-033531 AB - Lake Erie sediment surveys were conducted in 1997 and 1998 to characterize spatial and temporal trends in contamination and for comparison with historical levels to assess the degree of improvement in environmental quality since the advent of measures to reduce impacts from sources. These surveys were also designed to assist in identification of possible sources of contamination and areas where contamination exceeded Canadian sediment quality guidelines for protection of aquatic biota. Encouragingly, lakewide contaminant concentrations were found to have significantly decreased from levels observed in samples collected in 1971 in previous Environment Canada surveys. The lakewide average polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) sediment concentrations decreased from 136 ng/g in 1971 to 43 ng/g in 1997. This decreasing temporal trend was also evidenced by contaminant profiles of core samples from all three major basins. There was a lakewide spatial trend in increasing sediment contamination from the eastern basin to the western basin, and from the north-central basin to the south-central basin. Sediments in many areas of Lake Erie still exceeded Canadian Federal and Provincial sediment quality guidelines. However, exceedences of sediment guidelines describing contaminated environments in 1997/98 were largely restricted to the western basin and the southern portion of the central basin. Exceedences of Canadian Sediment Quality probable effects guidelines were most numerous for dioxins and furans (40%) followed by mercury (6%). The Canadian threshold effects guideline for PCBs (34.1 ng/g) and the Provincial lowest effect guideline (70 ng/g) were exceeded at 52% and 22% of the sites, respectively. Mercury, PCBs and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans are responsible for fish consumption advisories in Lake Erie. JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Painter, Scott AU - Marvin, Chris AU - Rosa, Fernando AU - Reynoldson, Trefor B AU - Charlton, Murray N AU - Fox, Michael AU - Thiessen, P A Lina AU - Estenik, John F Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 434 EP - 448 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 27 IS - 4 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - North America KW - monitoring KW - Lake Erie KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - PCBs KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - dioxins KW - distribution KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - sampling KW - metals KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes KW - ecology KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51853466?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Sediment+contamination+in+Lake+Erie%3B+a+25-year+retrospective+analysis&rft.au=Painter%2C+Scott%3BMarvin%2C+Chris%3BRosa%2C+Fernando%3BReynoldson%2C+Trefor+B%3BCharlton%2C+Murray+N%3BFox%2C+Michael%3BThiessen%2C+P+A+Lina%3BEstenik%2C+John+F&rft.aulast=Painter&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=434&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.iaglr.org/jglr/journal.php LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; detection; dioxins; distribution; ecology; ecosystems; Great Lakes; halogenated hydrocarbons; Lake Erie; mercury; metals; monitoring; North America; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; sampling; surface water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Perchlorate levels in samples of sodium nitrate fertilizer derived from Chilean caliche AN - 51849305; 2004-037654 JF - Environmental Pollution (1987) AU - Urbansky, E T AU - Brown, S K AU - Magnuson, M L AU - Kelty, Catherine A Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 299 EP - 302 PB - Elsevier, Barking VL - 112 IS - 3 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - fertilizers KW - caliche KW - Chile KW - drinking water KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - bioaccumulation KW - Colorado River KW - Lake Mead KW - sedimentary rocks KW - ion chromatography KW - natural attenuation KW - nitrate ion KW - sodium nitrate KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - nitrates KW - sodium KW - bioremediation KW - perchlorate KW - aquifers KW - South America KW - dissolved materials KW - metals KW - risk assessment KW - carbonate rocks KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51849305?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Pollution+%281987%29&rft.atitle=Perchlorate+levels+in+samples+of+sodium+nitrate+fertilizer+derived+from+Chilean+caliche&rft.au=Urbansky%2C+E+T%3BBrown%2C+S+K%3BMagnuson%2C+M+L%3BKelty%2C+Catherine+A&rft.aulast=Urbansky&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=299&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Pollution+%281987%29&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02697491 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ENVPAF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; bioaccumulation; bioremediation; caliche; carbonate rocks; Chile; Colorado River; concentration; dissolved materials; drinking water; fertilizers; ground water; ion chromatography; Lake Mead; metals; monitoring; natural attenuation; nitrate ion; nitrates; perchlorate; pollution; remediation; risk assessment; sedimentary rocks; sodium; sodium nitrate; South America; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The distribution of (super 137) Cs and other trace constituents in Green Bay, Lake Michigan AN - 51835335; 2004-047140 JF - Program and Abstracts of the ... Conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research AU - Edgington, D N AU - Manchester, J B AU - Robbins, J A AU - Rossmann, R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 33 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), [location varies] VL - 44 IS - 2 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - isotopes KW - PCBs KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Lake Michigan KW - cesium KW - sedimentation rates KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes KW - Wisconsin KW - trace elements KW - Chambers Island KW - North America KW - pollutants KW - sedimentation KW - Green Bay KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - organic compounds KW - Cs-137 KW - metals KW - Sturgeon Bay KW - lacustrine environment KW - lake sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51835335?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+of+the+...+Conference+of+the+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=The+distribution+of+%28super+137%29+Cs+and+other+trace+constituents+in+Green+Bay%2C+Lake+Michigan&rft.au=Edgington%2C+D+N%3BManchester%2C+J+B%3BRobbins%2C+J+A%3BRossmann%2C+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Edgington&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+of+the+...+Conference+of+the+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 44th conference on Great Lakes research N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05410 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; cesium; Chambers Island; chlorinated hydrocarbons; Cs-137; environmental analysis; Great Lakes; Green Bay; halogenated hydrocarbons; isotopes; lacustrine environment; Lake Michigan; lake sediments; metals; North America; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; sedimentation; sedimentation rates; sediments; Sturgeon Bay; trace elements; United States; Wisconsin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methyl mercury in Lake Michigan surficial sediments AN - 51834911; 2004-047177 JF - Program and Abstracts of the ... Conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research AU - Rossman, R AU - Rygwelski, K R AU - Filkins, J C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 113 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), [location varies] VL - 44 IS - 2 KW - United States KW - North America KW - concentration KW - techniques KW - organo-metallics KW - Lake Michigan KW - methylmercury KW - Canada KW - sediments KW - lacustrine environment KW - Great Lakes KW - chemical composition KW - lake sediments KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51834911?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+of+the+...+Conference+of+the+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Methyl+mercury+in+Lake+Michigan+surficial+sediments&rft.au=Rossman%2C+R%3BRygwelski%2C+K+R%3BFilkins%2C+J+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rossman&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+of+the+...+Conference+of+the+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 44th conference on Great Lakes research N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05410 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Canada; chemical composition; concentration; Great Lakes; lacustrine environment; Lake Michigan; lake sediments; methylmercury; North America; organo-metallics; sediments; techniques; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Occurrence and fate of synthetic musks in the aquatic system of urban areas; polycyclic and nitro musks as environmental pollutants in surface waters, sediments, and aquatic biota AN - 51765685; 2004-084585 AB - Worldwide, more than 5000 tons per year of synthetic musks (most of them polycyclic musks) are produced and used as fragrances in various scented consumer products. In sewage treatment, these compounds are not completely removed. Thus, residues of polycyclic musks are discharged via municipal sewage effluents into the receiving waters. In surface water samples of conurbations they are found at concentrations up to the mu g/L-level. Due to their high lipophilicity, they accumulate in sewage sludges, aquatic sediments, and at the top of the aquatic food chain where they are found at concentrations up to more than 100 mg/kg lipid in fishes and mussels. JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Heberer, T AU - These, A AU - Grosch, U A A2 - Daughton, Christian G. A2 - Jones-Lepp, Tammy L. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 142 EP - 155 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 791 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - water quality KW - Berlin Germany KW - Europe KW - chemical waste KW - drinking water KW - urban environment KW - bioaccumulation KW - toxicity KW - Central Europe KW - Brandenburg Germany KW - waterways KW - depositional environment KW - discharge KW - concentration KW - sewage KW - effluents KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - biota KW - sewage sludge KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - xylene KW - risk assessment KW - Germany KW - aquatic environment KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51765685?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Occurrence+and+fate+of+synthetic+musks+in+the+aquatic+system+of+urban+areas%3B+polycyclic+and+nitro+musks+as+environmental+pollutants+in+surface+waters%2C+sediments%2C+and+aquatic+biota&rft.au=Heberer%2C+T%3BThese%2C+A%3BGrosch%2C+U+A&rft.aulast=Heberer&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=791&rft.issue=&rft.spage=142&rft.isbn=0841237395&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; aromatic hydrocarbons; Berlin Germany; bioaccumulation; biota; Brandenburg Germany; Central Europe; chemical waste; concentration; depositional environment; discharge; drinking water; effluents; Europe; Germany; hydrocarbons; organic compounds; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; risk assessment; sewage; sewage sludge; surface water; toxicity; urban environment; water quality; waterways; xylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phenazone analgesics in soil and groundwater below a municipal solid waste landfill AN - 51765632; 2004-084584 AB - Analgesics of the phenazone type, including propyphenazone, aminopyrine, and antipyrine, were determined in solid waste and leachate from the main landfill of the city of Zagreb, Croatia, as well as in soil and groundwater below the landfill. All structural identifications and quantitative analyses were performed using high-resolution gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The analyses of solid waste revealed that propyphenazone and aminopyrine were among the most abundant specific anthropogenic compounds in the landfill, while antipyrine was detected only in trace concentrations. Since the landfill does not include any protective barrier, heavily contaminated landfill leachate plume penetrates rapidly into the underlying soil, which is composed of highly permeable alluvial sediments, and eventually reaches groundwater aquifer. As a consequence, propyphenazone and aminopyrine were determined in high concentrations (up to 67 mu g/L) in groundwater below the landfill. However, aminopyrine seems to be strongly attenuated in the aquifer section near the landfill, while propyphenazone showed a rather high persistence and mobility in the leachate plume. JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Ahel, Marijan AU - Jelicic, Ivana A2 - Daughton, Christian G. A2 - Jones-Lepp, Tammy L. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 100 EP - 115 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 791 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - soils KW - concentration KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollutants KW - landfills KW - Zagreb Croatia KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - water balance KW - Southern Europe KW - ground water KW - detection KW - Sava River KW - chromatograms KW - leachate KW - Croatia KW - waste disposal KW - solid waste KW - phenazone KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51765632?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Phenazone+analgesics+in+soil+and+groundwater+below+a+municipal+solid+waste+landfill&rft.au=Ahel%2C+Marijan%3BJelicic%2C+Ivana&rft.aulast=Ahel&rft.aufirst=Marijan&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=791&rft.issue=&rft.spage=100&rft.isbn=0841237395&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chromatograms; concentration; contaminant plumes; Croatia; detection; Europe; ground water; landfills; leachate; phenazone; pollutants; pollution; Sava River; soils; solid waste; Southern Europe; waste disposal; water balance; Zagreb Croatia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Concerns about pharmaceuticals in water reuse, groundwater recharge, and animal waste AN - 51765618; 2004-084586 AB - Residuals of pharmaceuticals and/or personal care products can be found in sewage effluent, sewage sludge, and animal waste. They can enter surface water via direct sewage discharges into streams and lakes, and via surface runoff from fields that have received applications of animal manure or sewage sludge. They can reach groundwater via infiltration of rain or irrigation water in manured or sludge-amended fields and subsequent downward movement of the water to underlying aquifers. They can also enter groundwater below waste-affected streams or lakes that have higher water levels than the local groundwater table. Where sewage effluent or sewage-contaminated water is used for irrigation, most of the irrigation water goes back to the atmosphere via evaporation from the soil and transpiration from the plants. Thus, the salts, nitrate, pharmaceuticals, and other chemicals that were in the effluent are leached out of the root zone with a small fraction of the irrigation water with which they were applied. This concentrated percolation water then moves down to underlying aquifers where it can contaminate the groundwater. Another pathway for pharmaceutical residues to move to groundwater is via artificial recharge of groundwater with surface water that is contaminated with sewage effluents or animal wastes. Artificial recharge of groundwater is a preferred practice in water reuse, especially for indirect potable reuse of sewage effluent because the effluent receives additional treatment (soil-aquifer treatment or geopurification) as it moves through the underground formations. This additional treatment can lead to substantial removal of pharmaceuticals. Artificial recharge also breaks up the direct connection between the sewage treatment plant and the water supply system, which enhances the aesthetics and public acceptance of potable water reuse. In addition to the various pathways in which surface water containing pharmaceuticals and other residual chemicals of concern can join groundwater, this chapter also discusses fate and occurrences of pharmaceuticals in sewage treatment plants and in the underground environment, as well as their significance in terms of health effects and the need for more research. JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Drewes, Joerg AU - Shore, Laurence S A2 - Daughton, Christian G. A2 - Jones-Lepp, Tammy L. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 206 EP - 228 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 791 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - hydrology KW - water quality KW - effluents KW - rivers and streams KW - artificial recharge KW - pollution KW - chemical waste KW - urban environment KW - potability KW - irrigation KW - ground water KW - sewage sludge KW - recharge KW - river banks KW - animal waste KW - discharge KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51765618?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Concerns+about+pharmaceuticals+in+water+reuse%2C+groundwater+recharge%2C+and+animal+waste&rft.au=Drewes%2C+Joerg%3BShore%2C+Laurence+S&rft.aulast=Drewes&rft.aufirst=Joerg&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=791&rft.issue=&rft.spage=206&rft.isbn=0841237395&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - animal waste; artificial recharge; chemical waste; discharge; effluents; ground water; hydrology; irrigation; pollution; potability; recharge; river banks; rivers and streams; sewage sludge; urban environment; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Veterinary medicines and soil quality; the Danish situation as an example AN - 51764791; 2004-084587 AB - Veterinary medicines--biologically active substances designed to harm organisms such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites--are also potentially hazardous for non-target species, such as those in soil. Some, medicines, for example antibiotics and anthelmintics, are used in large amounts and may enter the soil environment through animal excrement. Consumption in 1997 of antibiotics in Denmark exceeded 150,000 kg, whereas the quantity of antiparasitics used was unknown. Harmful effects on indigenous soil organisms have been observed in controlled experiments. In-situ effects may therefore also occur, and more information on fate and effects of veterinary medicines is still needed to assess long-term ecological consequences. On the basis of current knowledge, it is, however, concluded that the current use of veterinary medicine in Denmark is not likely to pose a significant risk to the overall quality of agricultural soils. JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Jensen, John A2 - Daughton, Christian G. A2 - Jones-Lepp, Tammy L. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 282 EP - 302 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 791 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - hazardous waste KW - concentration KW - antibiotics KW - toxic materials KW - terrestrial environment KW - monitoring KW - Western Europe KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - chemical waste KW - Scandinavia KW - agrochemicals KW - bacteria KW - soil quality KW - risk assessment KW - Denmark KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51764791?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Veterinary+medicines+and+soil+quality%3B+the+Danish+situation+as+an+example&rft.au=Jensen%2C+John&rft.aulast=Jensen&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=791&rft.issue=&rft.spage=282&rft.isbn=0841237395&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 67 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agrochemicals; antibiotics; bacteria; chemical waste; concentration; Denmark; Europe; hazardous waste; microorganisms; monitoring; pollution; risk assessment; Scandinavia; soil quality; terrestrial environment; toxic materials; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the environment; scientific and regulatory issues AN - 51763844; 2004-084581 JF - ACS Symposium Series A2 - Daughton, Christian G. A2 - Jones-Lepp, Tammy L. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 396 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 791 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - soils KW - public awareness KW - waste water KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - chemical waste KW - biota KW - ground water KW - habitat KW - toxicity KW - soil quality KW - sediments KW - risk assessment KW - ecology KW - waste disposal KW - aquatic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51763844?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0841237395&rft.btitle=Pharmaceuticals+and+personal+care+products+in+the+environment%3B+scientific+and+regulatory+issues&rft.title=Pharmaceuticals+and+personal+care+products+in+the+environment%3B+scientific+and+regulatory+issues&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual chapters within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; biota; chemical waste; ecology; ground water; habitat; pollution; public awareness; risk assessment; sediments; soil quality; soils; surface water; toxicity; waste disposal; waste water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pharmaceuticals in groundwater; clofibric acid beneath sewage farms south of Berlin, Germany AN - 51762999; 2004-084583 AB - One of the first findings of pharmaceuticals in groundwater was reported from the sewage irrigation farms south of Berlin. Clofibric acid, the active metabolite of blood lipid regulators, was measured in concentrations up to 4.2 mu g/L in groundwater. The fate of clofibric acid was investigated within the project "Sewage Farms South of Berlin" and with laboratory experiments. The distribution of clofibric acid in the unsaturated and saturated zone of the sewage irrigation farms reflects the high mobility and persistence of this substance. Results from laboratory batch experiments with sediments from the vicinity of the sewage irrigation farms show generally low sorption of clofibric acid. There is clear indication for the input of clofibric acid via sewage irrigation although no uniform spatial distribution pattern was found. Concentrations of clofibric acid in groundwater decrease due to the cessation of sewage farming operations. JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Scheytt, Traugott AU - Grams, Susanne AU - Rejman-Rasinski, Elzbieta AU - Herberer, Thomas AU - Stan, Hans-Juergen A2 - Daughton, Christian G. A2 - Jones-Lepp, Tammy L. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 84 EP - 99 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 791 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - soils KW - metabolites KW - sorption KW - experimental studies KW - degradation KW - sewage KW - metabolism KW - Berlin Germany KW - effluents KW - pollution KW - potentiometric surface KW - Europe KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - sewage sludge KW - Central Europe KW - Brandenburg Germany KW - Germany KW - water pollution KW - mobility KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51762999?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Pharmaceuticals+in+groundwater%3B+clofibric+acid+beneath+sewage+farms+south+of+Berlin%2C+Germany&rft.au=Scheytt%2C+Traugott%3BGrams%2C+Susanne%3BRejman-Rasinski%2C+Elzbieta%3BHerberer%2C+Thomas%3BStan%2C+Hans-Juergen&rft.aulast=Scheytt&rft.aufirst=Traugott&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=791&rft.issue=&rft.spage=84&rft.isbn=0841237395&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Berlin Germany; Brandenburg Germany; Central Europe; degradation; effluents; Europe; experimental studies; Germany; ground water; laboratory studies; metabolism; metabolites; microorganisms; mobility; pollution; potentiometric surface; sewage; sewage sludge; soils; sorption; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Occurrence of pharmaceutical residues in sewage, river, ground, and drinking water in Greece and Berlin (Germany) AN - 51762912; 2004-084582 AB - A number of pharmaceuticals used in human medical care are not completely eliminated in the municipal sewage treatment works. They are discharged as persistent contaminants into the aquatic environment. Due to their polar structures, some of these residues are not significantly adsorbed in the subsoil and may, under unfavorable conditions, also leach into the groundwater aquifers from the contaminated surface waters. Especially in conurbations such as Berlin (Germany), with high municipal sewage water outputs and low surface water flows, there is a potential risk of drinking water contamination when groundwater recharge is used in drinking water production. In 1998 and 1999, in the framework of a German-Hellenic project, the occurrence of drug residues in the aquatic environment in Berlin and in different cities in Greece was investigated and compared. The results demonstrate the extent and variety of surface water contamination by drug residues in the aquatic environment. JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Heberer, T AU - Fuhrmann, B AU - Schmidt-Baumler, K AU - Tsipi, D AU - Koutsouba, V AU - Hiskia, A A2 - Daughton, Christian G. A2 - Jones-Lepp, Tammy L. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 70 EP - 83 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 791 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - Greece KW - Berlin Germany KW - rivers and streams KW - Greek Macedonia KW - Europe KW - chemical waste KW - drinking water KW - Southern Europe KW - Salonika Greece KW - ground water KW - Macedonia KW - Central Europe KW - water treatment KW - Brandenburg Germany KW - Attica Greece KW - hydrology KW - Athens Greece KW - Sterea Ellas KW - sewage KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - detection KW - chromatograms KW - Germany KW - aquatic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51762912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Occurrence+of+pharmaceutical+residues+in+sewage%2C+river%2C+ground%2C+and+drinking+water+in+Greece+and+Berlin+%28Germany%29&rft.au=Heberer%2C+T%3BFuhrmann%2C+B%3BSchmidt-Baumler%2C+K%3BTsipi%2C+D%3BKoutsouba%2C+V%3BHiskia%2C+A&rft.aulast=Heberer&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=791&rft.issue=&rft.spage=70&rft.isbn=0841237395&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; Athens Greece; Attica Greece; Berlin Germany; Brandenburg Germany; Central Europe; chemical waste; chromatograms; detection; drinking water; Europe; Germany; Greece; Greek Macedonia; ground water; hydrology; Macedonia; pollution; rivers and streams; Salonika Greece; sewage; Southern Europe; Sterea Ellas; surface water; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogeology and ground-water quality of the County Road A disposal site on the Bad River Indian Reservation, Ashland County, Wisconsin, 1997-98 AN - 51680051; 2005-062919 AB - The County Road A disposal site, located on the Bad River Indian Reservation, Ashland County, Wisconsin, contains papermill sludge generated by a former mill in the City of Ashland. Since the time of disposal (1968-1970) the site has been the subject of investigations by the U.S. Bureau of Indian Affairs, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and private consultants. During 1997-1998, an investigation was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the Natural Resources Department of the Bad River Indian Tribe, to evaluate the hydrogeology and groundwater quality of the disposal site, particularly with respect to the hydraulic connection between two ponds at the site and the shallow ground-waterflow system. Additional monitoring wells and well points were installed, and additional hydrogeologic, ground-water quality, and geophysical data were collected. The data from this and previous studies were integrated and interpreted. Data collected during this investigation indicate the ponds are hydraulically connected to the shallow ground-water system. Pond stage and meteorological data collected from May 6 through August 18, 1998 indicate evaporation and seepage from Pond A, the southernmost pond, to ground water accounted for the measured declines in pond stage. Seepage was estimated to be from 0.008-0.012 feet per day over the area of Pond A. Increases in the stage of Pond A following precipitation events resulted in increases in the hydraulic head in pond sediments as measured in well point WP-2 in the southwestern area of the pond. Hydraulic gradients were consistently downward across the pond sediments, ranging from 0.24 to 0.38 feet per foot. Although the estimated vertical hydraulic conductivity of the pond sediments is low (0.021-0.050 feet per day), limited flow occurs through the pond sediments. A complex hydraulic connection between Pond A and the shallow sediments was defined by changes in water levels in well points in and adjacent to the pond. Neutron logs indicated that the sediments under Pond A were saturated. The hydraulic connection between the ponds and the shallow ground-water system is supported by water-quality data. Inorganic and organic constituents of the papermill sludge have been detected in water-quality samples collected from on-site monitoring wells. Concentrations of acetone, aluminum, antimony, 2-butanone, lead, sodium, and possibly cobalt exceeded background concentrations for this site. Concentrations of inorganic constituents, with the exception of potassium and zinc, were considerably lower in samples from local residential wells than those from monitoring wells. Elevated concentrations of potassium and zinc, however, are consistent with concentrations measured previously in other wells and springs on the Bad River Indian Reservation. None of the organic compounds identified in the papermill sludge have been detected in water sampled from the residential wells. JF - Water-Resources Investigations - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Dunning, Charles P AU - Yeskis, D J Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 61 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, [Reston, VA] SN - 0092-332X, 0092-332X KW - United States KW - water quality KW - pollutants KW - waste disposal sites KW - pollution KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - organic compounds KW - Ashland County Wisconsin KW - transport KW - industrial waste KW - hydrodynamics KW - Bad River Indian Reservation KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - Wisconsin KW - waste disposal KW - USGS KW - County Road A disposal site KW - Indian reservations KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51680051?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Dunning%2C+Charles+P%3BYeskis%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Dunning&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Hydrogeology+and+ground-water+quality+of+the+County+Road+A+disposal+site+on+the+Bad+River+Indian+Reservation%2C+Ashland+County%2C+Wisconsin%2C+1997-98&rft.title=Hydrogeology+and+ground-water+quality+of+the+County+Road+A+disposal+site+on+the+Bad+River+Indian+Reservation%2C+Ashland+County%2C+Wisconsin%2C+1997-98&rft.issn=0092332X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://wi.water.usgs.gov/pubs/wrir-01-4082/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - VA] N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Sept. 9, 2005; includes appendices; Prepared in cooperation with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 5 and the Bad River Band of Lake Superior Tribe of Chippewa Indians N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRIND3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ashland County Wisconsin; Bad River Indian Reservation; County Road A disposal site; environmental analysis; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrodynamics; Indian reservations; industrial waste; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; transport; United States; USGS; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; waste management; water quality; Wisconsin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Engineering geology overview of municipal solid waste landfills in Northern California AN - 51346530; 2007-122792 JF - Cryofront AU - Walker, Scott AU - Anderson, Robert A2 - Ferriz, Horacio A2 - Anderson, Robert Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 381 EP - 401 PB - Ken Johnson VL - 12 KW - United States KW - Tulare County California KW - civil engineering KW - monitoring KW - site exploration KW - regulations KW - landfills KW - Kings County California KW - waste disposal sites KW - environmental management KW - California KW - Inyo County California KW - foundations KW - municipal waste KW - waste disposal KW - solid waste KW - slope stability KW - Northern California KW - construction KW - design KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51346530?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cryofront&rft.atitle=Engineering+geology+overview+of+municipal+solid+waste+landfills+in+Northern+California&rft.au=Walker%2C+Scott%3BAnderson%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=&rft.spage=381&rft.isbn=0972338802&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cryofront&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.members.shaw.ca/cryofront/cryofront.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., 7 tables, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06147 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; civil engineering; construction; design; environmental management; foundations; Inyo County California; Kings County California; landfills; monitoring; municipal waste; Northern California; regulations; site exploration; slope stability; solid waste; Tulare County California; United States; waste disposal; waste disposal sites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Source water contamination prevention in floodplains AN - 51240849; 2008-072410 JF - Proceedings - Annual Conference of the Association of State Floodplain Managers AU - Copeland, Marjorie Wesley AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 7 EP - 11 PB - Association of State Floodplain Managers, [varies] VL - 25 KW - protection KW - water quality KW - programs KW - floodplains KW - government agencies KW - water management KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - drinking water KW - preventive measures KW - planning KW - fluvial features KW - risk assessment KW - water pollution KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51240849?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+Annual+Conference+of+the+Association+of+State+Floodplain+Managers&rft.atitle=Source+water+contamination+prevention+in+floodplains&rft.au=Copeland%2C+Marjorie+Wesley%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Copeland&rft.aufirst=Marjorie&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+Annual+Conference+of+the+Association+of+State+Floodplain+Managers&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 25th annual conference of the Association of State Floodplain Managers N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06350 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - drinking water; floodplains; fluvial features; government agencies; planning; pollution; preventive measures; programs; protection; risk assessment; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; water management; water pollution; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitored natural attenuation of contaminants in the subsurface; applications AN - 51180641; 2002-004925 AB - In recent years there has been increasing interest in the application of passive technologies to reduce or remove contaminants from the subsurface environment including soil and ground water. In most cases, the impetus for this interest lies in a perceived savings compared with more traditional remedial alternatives. In a few cases, the infrastructure at contaminated sites, such as buildings, paved areas, and utilities, makes the use of conventional remedial measures difficult and expensive. To demonstrate that natural processes are effective in reaching established goals, it is necessary to determine that transformation processes are taking place at a rate that is protective of human health and the environment and that these processes will continue for an acceptable period of time. The basic conditions that must be present to confirm natural attenuation processes are taking place are discussed along with the behavior of contaminated plumes, monitoring requirements, data analysis, rates of degradation, and mathematical modeling. JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Azadpour-Keeley, Ann AU - Keeley, Jack W AU - Russell, Hugh H AU - Sewell, Guy W Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 136 EP - 143 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 21 IS - 3 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - degradation KW - contaminant plumes KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - observation wells KW - light nonaqueous phase liquids KW - preferential flow KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - ferric iron KW - decontamination KW - tracers KW - natural attenuation KW - pH KW - soils KW - concentration KW - carbonate ion KW - monitoring KW - methane KW - pollutants KW - physicochemical properties KW - statistical analysis KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - migration of elements KW - alkanes KW - indicators KW - bioremediation KW - aquifers KW - nutrients KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - recharge KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - infiltration KW - hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51180641?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Monitored+natural+attenuation+of+contaminants+in+the+subsurface%3B+applications&rft.au=Azadpour-Keeley%2C+Ann%3BKeeley%2C+Jack+W%3BRussell%2C+Hugh+H%3BSewell%2C+Guy+W&rft.aulast=Azadpour-Keeley&rft.aufirst=Ann&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=136&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 72 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; aquifers; bioremediation; carbonate ion; concentration; contaminant plumes; decontamination; degradation; ferric iron; ground water; hydrocarbons; indicators; infiltration; iron; light nonaqueous phase liquids; mathematical models; metals; methane; migration of elements; monitoring; natural attenuation; nonaqueous phase liquids; nutrients; observation wells; organic compounds; pH; physicochemical properties; pollutants; pollution; preferential flow; recharge; remediation; soils; solutes; statistical analysis; tracers ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Limitations of ROI testing for venting design; description of an alternative approach based on attainment of a critical pore-gas velocity in contaminated media AN - 51177360; 2002-048676 JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - DiGiulio, Dominic C AU - Varadhan, Ravi Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 97 EP - 114 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 21 IS - 1 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - gaseous phase KW - pollutants KW - soil vapor extraction KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - remediation KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - transport KW - decontamination KW - volatile organic compounds KW - testing KW - leaching KW - mobility KW - kinetics KW - permeability KW - Superfund sites KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51177360?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Limitations+of+ROI+testing+for+venting+design%3B+description+of+an+alternative+approach+based+on+attainment+of+a+critical+pore-gas+velocity+in+contaminated+media&rft.au=DiGiulio%2C+Dominic+C%3BVaradhan%2C+Ravi&rft.aulast=DiGiulio&rft.aufirst=Dominic&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 78 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - decontamination; gaseous phase; kinetics; leaching; mathematical models; mobility; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; permeability; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; preferential flow; remediation; simulation; soil treatment; soil vapor extraction; Superfund sites; testing; transport; volatile organic compounds; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field measurement of dissolved oxygen; a comparison of methods AN - 51175711; 2002-032603 AB - The ability to confidently measure the concentration of dissolved oxygen (D.O.) in ground water is a key aspect of remedy selection and assessment. Presented here is a comparison of the commonly practiced methods for determining D.O. concentrations in ground water, including colorimetric, membrane-covered electrode, and modified Winkler techniques. The Winkler titration (azide and permanganate modifications) is the most accurate and precise technique for determining D.O. and is appropriate for applications with stringent data quality objectives. In addition, excellent correlation over a wide range of D.O. concentrations was found between Winkler titrations and colorimetric tests using the rhodazine D (below 1 part per million [ppm]) and indigo carmine reagents (above 1 ppm). Electrode measurements represent the simplest method for determining D.O. concentrations on a continuous basis and electrode determinations positively correlate with Winkler results above 1 ppm. Below 1 ppm, electrodes provide only a qualitative measure of low D.O. level, apparently due to slow electrode response. JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Wilkin, Richard T AU - McNeil, Mary S AU - Adair, Cherri J AU - Wilson, John T Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 124 EP - 132 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 21 IS - 4 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - United States KW - Muskegon County Michigan KW - oxygen KW - contaminant plumes KW - data acquisition KW - techniques KW - Florida KW - ground water KW - Port Hueneme California KW - California KW - solvents KW - Michigan Lower Peninsula KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - electrical properties KW - titration KW - Elizabeth City North Carolina KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - Naval Construction Battalion Center California KW - equilibrium KW - measurement KW - physical properties KW - reagents KW - dissolved oxygen KW - Eglin Air Force Base KW - Michigan KW - military facilities KW - instruments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51175711?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Field+measurement+of+dissolved+oxygen%3B+a+comparison+of+methods&rft.au=Wilkin%2C+Richard+T%3BMcNeil%2C+Mary+S%3BAdair%2C+Cherri+J%3BWilson%2C+John+T&rft.aulast=Wilkin&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=124&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; contaminant plumes; data acquisition; dissolved oxygen; Eglin Air Force Base; electrical properties; Elizabeth City North Carolina; equilibrium; Florida; ground water; instruments; leaking underground storage tanks; measurement; Michigan; Michigan Lower Peninsula; military facilities; Muskegon County Michigan; Naval Construction Battalion Center California; oxygen; physical properties; pollution; Port Hueneme California; reagents; solutes; solvents; techniques; titration; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of water saturation, NAPL content, degradation half-life, and lower boundary conditions on VOC transport modeling; implications for closure of soil venting systems AN - 51174760; 2002-032599 AB - Simulations using a one-dimensional, analytical, vadose zone, solute-transport screening code (VFLUX) were conducted to assess the effect of water saturation, NAPL saturation, degradation half-life, and boundary conditions at the vadose zone/ground water interface on model output. At high initial soil concentrations, model output was significantly affected by input parameters and lower boundary conditions yet still resulted in consistent decision-making to initiate or continue venting application. At lower soil concentrations, however, typical of what is observed after prolonged venting application, differences in model input and selection of lower boundary conditions resulted in inconsistent decision-making. Specifically, under conditions of low water saturation, use of a first-type, time-dependent lower boundary condition indicated that the primary direction of mass flux was from ground water to the vadose zone, suggesting little benefit from continued venting application. Use of a finite, zero-gradient lower boundary condition, though, indicated continued mass flux from the vadose zone to ground water, suggesting a continued need for venting application. In this situation, sensitivity analysis of input parameters, selection of boundary conditions, and consideration of overall objectives in vadose zone modeling become critical in regulatory decision-making. JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - DiGiulio, Dominic C AU - Varadhan, Ravi Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 83 EP - 95 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 21 IS - 4 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - concentration KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - one-dimensional models KW - soil vapor extraction KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - decision-making KW - boundary conditions KW - soil vacuum extraction KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - bioventing KW - saturation KW - decontamination KW - sensitivity analysis KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51174760?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+water+saturation%2C+NAPL+content%2C+degradation+half-life%2C+and+lower+boundary+conditions+on+VOC+transport+modeling%3B+implications+for+closure+of+soil+venting+systems&rft.au=DiGiulio%2C+Dominic+C%3BVaradhan%2C+Ravi&rft.aulast=DiGiulio&rft.aufirst=Dominic&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioventing; boundary conditions; concentration; decision-making; decontamination; degradation; mathematical models; nonaqueous phase liquids; one-dimensional models; pollutants; pollution; saturation; sensitivity analysis; soil vacuum extraction; soil vapor extraction; soils; solute transport; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The value of ground water monitoring AN - 51169332; 2002-048669 JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Anzzolin, A Roger AU - Siedlecki, Mary T Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 36 EP - 36, 38, 40 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 21 IS - 1 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - septic systems KW - water quality KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - fertilizers KW - monitoring KW - agricultural waste KW - contaminant plumes KW - human activity KW - data acquisition KW - regulations KW - landfills KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - Safe Drinking Water Act KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - volatile organic compounds KW - risk assessment KW - Clean Water Act KW - waste disposal KW - water resources KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51169332?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=The+value+of+ground+water+monitoring&rft.au=Anzzolin%2C+A+Roger%3BSiedlecki%2C+Mary+T&rft.aulast=Anzzolin&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=36&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agricultural waste; Clean Water Act; contaminant plumes; data acquisition; data processing; drinking water; fertilizers; ground water; human activity; landfills; leaking underground storage tanks; monitoring; organic compounds; pollution; regulations; risk assessment; Safe Drinking Water Act; septic systems; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; waste disposal; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prediction of contaminated sediment transport in the Maurice River-Union Lake, New Jersey, USA AN - 51161132; 2003-049937 JF - Proceedings in Marine Science AU - Hayter, E J AU - Gu, R Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 439 EP - 458 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 3 SN - 1568-2692, 1568-2692 KW - United States KW - Union Lake KW - sediment transport KW - statistical analysis KW - sedimentation KW - arsenic KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - equations KW - Maurice River KW - simulation KW - cohesive materials KW - models KW - finite element analysis KW - Cumberland County New Jersey KW - deposition KW - metals KW - New Jersey KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51161132?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+in+Marine+Science&rft.atitle=Prediction+of+contaminated+sediment+transport+in+the+Maurice+River-Union+Lake%2C+New+Jersey%2C+USA&rft.au=Hayter%2C+E+J%3BGu%2C+R&rft.aulast=Hayter&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=439&rft.isbn=044450463X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+in+Marine+Science&rft.issn=15682692&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/bookseries/15682692 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifth nearshore and estuarine cohesive sediment transport conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; Atlantic Coastal Plain; cohesive materials; Cumberland County New Jersey; deposition; equations; finite element analysis; Maurice River; metals; models; New Jersey; pollution; prediction; sediment transport; sedimentation; simulation; statistical analysis; Union Lake; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of water quality from 12 underground coal mines in 1968 and 1999 AN - 50903280; 2001-050653 AB - Acid mine drainage (AMD) from both abandoned surface and underground mines is a serious problem. The flow of water and changes in quality over time from abandoned mines is important in determining remediation strategies. Acid mine drainage from surface mines is estimated to last for 10-20 years, while estimates of acid drainage from underground mines vary from 10-100s of years. Twelve underground mine discharges in West Virginia were studied to compare water quality changes between 1968 and 1999 to see if our data are consistent with other studies. Each of the discharges were categorized into one of three groups: undisturbed since 1968, affected by surface mining since 1968, and reclaimed. Comparing water quality between 1968 and 1999, the discharges in the undisturbed category showed a 35 to 48% improvement in acid concentration and a 34 to 92% reduction in iron concentration. The discharges affected by surface mining showed the most dramatic improvement. For acidity, iron, and aluminum, the percent improvements were all above 50%, and in most cases were above 90%. In the reclaimed category, the three sites showed improvements in acid concentration ranging from 60 to 74% and a 61 to 94% reduction in iron concentration. The results of this study indicate that underground mine water discharges improve over time. If the underground mine is remined or "daylighted," the acidity and metals in the water are greatly reduced since the source of the acidity (the pyrite in the coal) is removed. JF - Green Lands AU - Demchak, J AU - Skousen, J AU - Ziemkiewicz, P AU - Bryant, G Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 48 EP - 60 PB - West Virginia Surface Mining and Reclamation Association, Charleston, WV VL - 31 IS - 1 SN - 0271-0110, 0271-0110 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - mining KW - mines KW - acid mine drainage KW - underground mining KW - pollutants KW - Preston County West Virginia KW - pollution KW - Muddy Creek watershed KW - manganese KW - environmental analysis KW - iron KW - ground water KW - sedimentary rocks KW - metals KW - coal KW - aluminum KW - heavy metals KW - abandoned mines KW - West Virginia KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50903280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Green+Lands&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+water+quality+from+12+underground+coal+mines+in+1968+and+1999&rft.au=Demchak%2C+J%3BSkousen%2C+J%3BZiemkiewicz%2C+P%3BBryant%2C+G&rft.aulast=Demchak&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=48&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Green+Lands&rft.issn=02710110&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - PubXState - WV N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - abandoned mines; acid mine drainage; aluminum; coal; environmental analysis; ground water; heavy metals; iron; manganese; metals; mines; mining; Muddy Creek watershed; pollutants; pollution; Preston County West Virginia; sedimentary rocks; underground mining; United States; water quality; West Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - BASINS 3.0; modeling tools for improved watershed management AN - 50903066; 2002-055316 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) developed the Better Assessment Science Integrating point and Nonpoint Sources (BASINS) system for the purpose of providing technical tools in support of their water quality management programs. BASINS 3.0 provides a range of watershed models, geographical information system (GIS) utilities, databases, data management tools, documentation, and other resources to make modeling waterbodies and watersheds easier. The three watershed models in BASINS 3.0 include the Hydrological Simulation Program Fortran (HSPF) v12, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT, 2000) and PLOAD Version 3 models. The development background, functionality and application of each model are described briefly in order to demonstrate their purpose and modeling niche. In addition, the utility of the BASINS GIS and postprocessing tools to assist in selecting an appropriate modeling approach, preparing the model input files, and analyzing model output is discussed. JF - Technical Publication Series - American Water Resources Association AU - Meyers, Matthew AU - Albertin, Klaus AU - Cocca, Paul A2 - Warwick, John J. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 17 EP - 22 PB - AWRA - American Water Resources Association, Bethesda, MD VL - 01-1 SN - 0731-9789, 0731-9789 KW - hydrology KW - water quality KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - data processing KW - watersheds KW - water management KW - pollution KW - mapping KW - nonpoint sources KW - BASINS system KW - ground water KW - models KW - computer programs KW - geographic information systems KW - digital simulation KW - information systems KW - basin management KW - point sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50903066?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Technical+Publication+Series+-+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=BASINS+3.0%3B+modeling+tools+for+improved+watershed+management&rft.au=Meyers%2C+Matthew%3BAlbertin%2C+Klaus%3BCocca%2C+Paul&rft.aulast=Meyers&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=01-1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=188213253X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Technical+Publication+Series+-+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=07319789&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Annual spring specialty conference on Water quality monitoring and modeling N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - MD N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basin management; BASINS system; computer programs; data processing; digital simulation; geographic information systems; ground water; hydrology; information systems; mapping; models; nonpoint sources; point sources; pollutants; pollution; surface water; water management; water quality; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - WinHSPF; an independent, fully-integrated component of a comprehensive modeling system AN - 50899182; 2002-055317 AB - WinHSPF, an interactive interface to the Hydrological Simulation Program - Fortran (HSPF), is a key component of the U.S. EPA's BASINS Version 3.0. While WinHSPF is seamlessly integrated into this modeling system, it is at the same time a separate program that can be run by any HSPF user. This design makes WinHSPF useful to a broader audience. Maintaining WinHSPF as a separate program also means that it and its components are available for continued enhancement and refinement. Key to the internal design of WinHSPF is an object-oriented component linked to the HSPF model. WinHSPF works in such close conjunction with HSPF that all features of HSPF are available in WinHSPF. This object structure allows for easy development of graphical interface tools to view simulation elements. Custom user interfaces to HSPF can use this core component. JF - Technical Publication Series - American Water Resources Association AU - Duda, Paul B AU - Kittle, John L, Jr AU - Kinerson, Russell S A2 - Warwick, John J. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 23 EP - 28 PB - AWRA - American Water Resources Association, Bethesda, MD VL - 01-1 SN - 0731-9789, 0731-9789 KW - hydrology KW - water quality KW - WinHSPF KW - computer languages KW - data processing KW - water management KW - nonpoint sources KW - simulation KW - BASINS system KW - models KW - computer programs KW - geographic information systems KW - Fortran KW - digital simulation KW - information systems KW - point sources KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50899182?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Technical+Publication+Series+-+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=WinHSPF%3B+an+independent%2C+fully-integrated+component+of+a+comprehensive+modeling+system&rft.au=Duda%2C+Paul+B%3BKittle%2C+John+L%2C+Jr%3BKinerson%2C+Russell+S&rft.aulast=Duda&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=01-1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=188213253X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Technical+Publication+Series+-+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=07319789&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Annual spring specialty conference on Water quality monitoring and modeling N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - MD N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - BASINS system; computer languages; computer programs; data processing; digital simulation; Fortran; geographic information systems; hydrology; information systems; models; nonpoint sources; point sources; simulation; water management; water quality; WinHSPF ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mapping a paleochannel system controlling contaminant migration at a wood-treating facility using electromagnetics AN - 50876290; 2006-003818 JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Sandberg, Stewart K AU - Corso, William AU - Levine, Jessica R AU - Newhart, Gary AU - Powell, Greg AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - ASP EP - 2 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 2001 KW - United States KW - transient methods KW - geophysical surveys KW - pollutants KW - paleochannels KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - mapping KW - petroleum products KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - ground water KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - Yamhill County Oregon KW - Oregon KW - conductivity KW - transport KW - sounding KW - electromagnetic methods KW - surveys KW - Sheridan Oregon KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50876290?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=Mapping+a+paleochannel+system+controlling+contaminant+migration+at+a+wood-treating+facility+using+electromagnetics&rft.au=Sandberg%2C+Stewart+K%3BCorso%2C+William%3BLevine%2C+Jessica+R%3BNewhart%2C+Gary%3BPowell%2C+Greg%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Sandberg&rft.aufirst=Stewart&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=2001&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on the Application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems, SAGEEP 2001 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - conductivity; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; ground water; mapping; nonaqueous phase liquids; Oregon; paleochannels; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; Sheridan Oregon; sounding; surveys; transient methods; transport; United States; Yamhill County Oregon ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The selection of narrow wavebands for optimizing water quality monitoring on the Great Miami River, Ohio using hyperspectral remote sensing data AN - 50611804; 2008-115207 AB - Remote sensing data were successfully used to estimate spatial and temporal variation of optical water quality parameters such as chlorophyll a, turbidity and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) of the Great Miami River, Ohio. During the summer of 1999, spectral data were collected with a hand-held spectroradiometer, a laboratory spectrometer and airborne hyperspectral sensors. Approximately 80 km of the Great Miami River were imaged during a flyover with a Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager (CASI) sensor. Approximately 10 km were imaged during a second flyover to repeat coverage of the urban and industrial influences around the city of Dayton, Ohio. Instream measurements of water quality data such as turbidity levels, chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi-disk depth were acquired on the same days as the flyovers. Relationships between optical water quality parameters and one or two broad wavebands were determined. An attempt was made to utilize portions of the electromagnetic spectrum, which minimize the effects of atmospheric anomalies, in turn normalizing the spectrally additive constants in all wavebands. Because this assumption was not met for turbidity, a first derivative approach was used. The derivative reflectance is an alternative and theoretically more robust relationship between the water quality parameter and adjacent wavebands. The ratio of wavebands 705 and 672 were highly correlated with chlorophyll a (R2 = 0.74) and the first derivative of wavebands 700 and 675 were highly correlated with turbidity (R2 = 0.79). These correlations made it possible to estimate the concentration of chlorophyll a and level of turbidity in portions of the Great Miami River where only hyperspectral data were taken. Maps of the relative distributions of chlorophyll a and turbidity were created from the hyperspectral images of the river. JF - Journal of Spatial Hydrology AU - Senay, Gabriel AU - Shafique, Naseer A AU - Autrey, Bradley C AU - Fulk, Florence AU - Cormier, Susan M Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 22 PB - American Spatial Hydrology Union, North Lauderdale, FL VL - 1 IS - 1 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - water quality KW - imagery KW - Dayton Ohio KW - Montgomery County Ohio KW - spatial data KW - suspended materials KW - nonpoint sources KW - variations KW - urban environment KW - transport KW - Great Miami River KW - waterways KW - particulate materials KW - interpretation KW - Ohio KW - concentration KW - pigments KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - atmosphere KW - chlorophyll KW - organic compounds KW - riparian environment KW - industrial waste KW - turbidity KW - waste disposal KW - fluvial environment KW - aquatic environment KW - point sources KW - remote sensing KW - airborne methods KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50611804?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Spatial+Hydrology&rft.atitle=The+selection+of+narrow+wavebands+for+optimizing+water+quality+monitoring+on+the+Great+Miami+River%2C+Ohio+using+hyperspectral+remote+sensing+data&rft.au=Senay%2C+Gabriel%3BShafique%2C+Naseer+A%3BAutrey%2C+Bradley+C%3BFulk%2C+Florence%3BCormier%2C+Susan+M&rft.aulast=Senay&rft.aufirst=Gabriel&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Spatial+Hydrology&rft.issn=1530-4736&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.spatialhydrology.com/journal/paper/epa/hyperspectral.pdf http://www.spatialhydrology.com/journal/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; aquatic environment; atmosphere; chlorophyll; concentration; Dayton Ohio; fluvial environment; Great Miami River; hazardous waste; imagery; industrial waste; interpretation; Montgomery County Ohio; nonpoint sources; Ohio; organic compounds; particulate materials; pigments; point sources; pollution; remote sensing; riparian environment; spatial data; surface water; suspended materials; transport; turbidity; United States; urban environment; variations; waste disposal; water quality; waterways ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential policy tools for reducing emissions shift emphasis to economic incentives AN - 20968747; 5345538 AB - At its January 2001 meeting, the ICAO Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection (CAEP) recommended a more stringent noise certification standard and called for further examination of more stringent measures for controlling all gaseous engine emissions, especially the nitrogen oxides (NO(x)) that contribute to the harmful formation of ozone. The risks of a changing climate call for innovative approaches to controlling greenhouse gas emissions, and the ICAO is examining new policy tools, including market-based measures, that can respond to the challenge. Market-based measures differ from traditional technology-based standards in that they create economic incentives for industries to reduce emissions and, importantly, to go beyond what might have been required in terms of meeting a regulatory standard. Within the work being done by the CAEP, three types of market-based measures have been examined: emissions-related taxes and charges, emissions trading, and voluntary initiatives. Each of these measures is described in this article, and the CAEP has recommended the continued development of them. JF - ICAO Journal AU - Seidel, S AU - Rossell, M AD - EPA, Washington, DC Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 27 EP - 29, 34 VL - 56 IS - 4 SN - 0018-8778, 0018-8778 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - A01-45983 F1: IVIP 0018-8778,56,4,27,2001 KW - Emissions trading KW - Noise levels KW - committees KW - Emission control KW - Nitrogen oxides KW - Environmental protection KW - Taxation KW - certification KW - Photochemicals KW - Emission standards KW - Emissions KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Economic incentives KW - Ozone KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20968747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ICAO+Journal&rft.atitle=Potential+policy+tools+for+reducing+emissions+shift+emphasis+to+economic+incentives&rft.au=Seidel%2C+S%3BRossell%2C+M&rft.aulast=Seidel&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ICAO+Journal&rft.issn=00188778&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - AIAA Dispatch; Voice: 800 662 1545; Fax: 816 926 8794. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Emissions trading; Noise levels; committees; Emission control; Nitrogen oxides; Environmental protection; Taxation; certification; Photochemicals; Emissions; Emission standards; Greenhouse gases; Economic incentives; Ozone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interactions of Natural Colloidal Material and Phenanthrene in the Aquatic Environment AN - 19931408; 5183288 AB - Resuspension of contaminated aquatic sediments by natural and anthropogenic activities (i.e., dredging, boat activities, fish, wildlife, storms, runoff) increases the flux of natural colloidal material and colloidally bound contaminants into the overlying water column. Colloidal material extracted from lower Fox River sediments was analyzed for various physical and chemical characteristics and subjected to batch aggregation studies under controlled conditions of pH ( similar to 3-8) and colloid concentrations (5 and 9 mg L super(-1) as TOC equivalents) in the presence of dissolved phenanthrene in solution. Under water chemistry conditions where pH and K super(+) concentration are typical of most natural waters (10 super(-2) M K super(+) and pH similar to 8), the presence of phenanthrene in solution (average [phen] = 0.2-0.4 mg/L) prevents particle aggregation and decreases the settling rate of these particles. Ultimately, this increases the total concentration of colloidally bound contaminants in the water column. Dredging is the most popular remediation technique for removing contaminated sediments from the aquatic environment. However, this laboratory study suggests that for typical waters, dredging may potentially elevate the concentrations of contaminants found in the water column. JF - Remediation AU - Tulve, N S AU - Young, T C AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 35 EP - 47 VL - 11 IS - 3 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - USA, Wisconsin, Fox R. KW - phenanthrene KW - remediation KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Human Population; Pollution Abstracts KW - Aquatic organisms KW - Contamination KW - Colloids KW - Settling rate KW - Boating KW - Chemical Analysis KW - Man-induced effects KW - Freshwater fish KW - Storms KW - Water column KW - Resuspended sediments KW - Biota KW - Chemical speciation KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Sedimentation KW - pH KW - Abiotic factors KW - Freshwater pollution KW - Rivers KW - Sediment chemistry KW - Resuspension KW - Wildlife KW - Aquatic environment KW - Sediment-water interface KW - Dredging KW - Particulate flux KW - Runoff KW - Water Pollution Sources KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Human impact KW - Total organic carbon KW - Suspended matter KW - Sediment transport KW - Biotic factors KW - Sediment pollution KW - Physicochemical properties KW - Sediments KW - Fate KW - Remediation KW - Chemical pollutants KW - USA, Wisconsin, Lower Fox R. KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - M1 220:Human Population-Hydrosphere Interactions KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19931408?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation&rft.atitle=Interactions+of+Natural+Colloidal+Material+and+Phenanthrene+in+the+Aquatic+Environment&rft.au=Tulve%2C+N+S%3BYoung%2C+T+C&rft.aulast=Tulve&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquatic organisms; Colloids; Settling rate; Boating; Anthropogenic factors; Man-induced effects; Freshwater fish; Storms; Water column; Resuspended sediments; Biota; Total organic carbon; Chemical speciation; Aromatic hydrocarbons; Sediment transport; Biotic factors; Sedimentation; pH; Freshwater pollution; Abiotic factors; Rivers; Sediment chemistry; Sediment pollution; Resuspension; Fate; Sediment-water interface; Dredging; Chemical pollutants; Particulate flux; Runoff; Contamination; Wildlife; Suspended matter; Aquatic environment; Sediments; Human impact; Remediation; Physicochemical properties; Water Pollution Sources; Chemical Analysis; Sediment Contamination; USA, Wisconsin, Lower Fox R. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute Lung Injury from Intratracheal Exposure to Fugitive Residual Oil Fly Ash and Its Constituent Metals in Normo- and Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats AN - 19263844; 5831485 AB - We have recently shown that the spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats with underlying cardiovascular disease exhibited greater pulmonary vascular leakage and oxidative stress than healthy normotensive (Wistar Kyoto, WKY) rats after a 3-day inhalation exposure to residual oil fly ash (ROFA) particles (Kodavanti et al., 2000). Since host responsiveness to a 3-day episodic ROFA inhalation could be different from a single acute exposure, we examined ROFA and its constituent metal (vanadium, V; nickel, Ni)-induced lung injury after a single intratracheal (IT) exposure. Male SH and WKY rats (12-13 wk) were IT instilled with either saline or ROFA (0.0, 0.83 or 3.33 mg/kg). The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was analyzed for lung injury markers at 24 and 96 h post-IT. Rats were also IT instilled with 0.0 or 1.5 wmol/kg of either VSO sub(4) or NiSO sub(4)'6H sub(2)O in saline (equivalent to a dose of 2-3 mg ROFA), and assessed at 6 and 24 h post-IT. Basal levels of BALF protein, macrophages, and neutrophils, but not lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), were higher in control SH compared to control WKY rats. Lung histology of control SH rats exhibited mild focal alveolitis and perivascular inflammation; these changes were minimal in control WKY rats. ROFA-induced increases in BALF protein, and to a lesser extent in LDH, were greater in SH compared to WKY rats. ROFA IT was associated with the increases in BALF total cells in both strains (SH > WKY). BALF neutrophils increased at 24 h and macrophages at 96 h in a dose-dependent manner (SH > WKY). The increase in BALF neutrophils was largely reversed by 96 h in both rat strains. The V-induced increases in BALF protein and LDH peaked at 6 h post-IT and returned to control by 24 h in WKY rats. In SH rats, BALF protein and LDH were not affected by V. Ni caused BALF protein to increase in both strains at 6 and 24 h; however, the control values at 24 h were high in SH rats, and were not distinguishable from exposed rats. The Ni-induced increase in LDH activity was progressive over a 24-h time period (WKY > SH). The number of macrophages decreased following V and Ni exposure at 6 h, and this decrease was reversed by 24 h in both strains. V caused BALF neutrophils to increase only in WKY rats. The Ni-induced increase in BALF neutrophils was more dramatic and progressive than that of V, but was similar in both strains. Lung histology similarly revealed more severe and persistent edema, perivascular and peribronchiolar inflammation, and hemorrhage in Ni- than in V-exposed rats. This effect of Ni appeared slightly more severe in SH than in WKY rats. In summary, the acute single IT exposure to ROFA resulted in greater pulmonary protein leakage and inflammation in SH rats than in WKY rats. The metallic constituents of ROFA produced these effects in a strain-specific manner such that, at the dose level used, V caused pulmonary injury only in WKY rats, whereas Ni was toxic to both strains. JF - Inhalation Toxicology AU - Kodavanti, U P AU - Schladweiler, MCJ AU - Richards, J R AU - Costa, D L AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, Experimental Toxicology Division, ORD, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA Y1 - 2001/01// PY - 2001 DA - Jan 2001 SP - 37 EP - 54 PB - Taylor & Francis Inc. VL - 13 IS - 1 SN - 0895-8378, 0895-8378 KW - rats KW - fly ash KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Vanadium KW - Inhalation KW - Airborne particulates KW - Lung KW - Heavy metals KW - Nickel KW - Hypertension KW - X 24151:Acute exposure KW - X 24161:Acute exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19263844?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Inhalation+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Acute+Lung+Injury+from+Intratracheal+Exposure+to+Fugitive+Residual+Oil+Fly+Ash+and+Its+Constituent+Metals+in+Normo-+and+Spontaneously+Hypertensive+Rats&rft.au=Kodavanti%2C+U+P%3BSchladweiler%2C+MCJ%3BRichards%2C+J+R%3BCosta%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Kodavanti&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Inhalation+Toxicology&rft.issn=08958378&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Heavy metals; Inhalation; Vanadium; Nickel; Lung; Hypertension; Airborne particulates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Against the Flow AN - 18580858; 5285328 AB - One October morning, I stood on a tree-lined shore watching foam lines streak the surface of Trout Lake, near my home in northern Wisconsin. Scanning the western horizon, I spotted a lone angler in a boat, anchor set, some 30 yards offshore. A bald eagle flew up from a towering white pine, circled the north shore, and settled back on its perch. Something splashed down the shore, perhaps a northern pike chasing minnows. JF - LakeLine AU - Engel, S AD - USEPA, Gibson.George@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 44 EP - 45 VL - 21 IS - 3 SN - 0743-7978, 0743-7978 KW - USA, Wisconsin, Trout L. KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - Q1 01605:Sport fishing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18580858?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LakeLine&rft.atitle=Against+the+Flow&rft.au=Engel%2C+S&rft.aulast=Engel&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=44&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LakeLine&rft.issn=07437978&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Elevated CO sub(2) and temperature alter the response of Pinus ponderosa to ozone: A simulation analysis AN - 18575249; 5305072 AB - We investigated the potential impact of projected future temperature and CO sub(2) concentrations in combination with tropospheric O sub(3) on the annual biomass increment of Pinus ponderosa Doug. ex Laws. TREGRO, a process-based whole-tree growth model in which trees experienced a seasonal drought, was used to study the interactions of CO sub(2), temperature, and O sub(3) on tree growth along a latitudinal gradient in California, Oregon, and Washington, USA. The annual biomass increment increased in proportion to CO sub(2) concentration, although the magnitude varied among sites. Increasing air temperature (+1.3 degree C) increased growth at most sites. Elevated CO sub(2) increased the temperature optimum for growth at four sites and decreased it at two sites. The annual biomass increment decreased with increasing O sub(3) exposure. The differences in O sub(3) effects among sites were primarily controlled by differences in precipitation. Although increasing CO sub(2) can reduce the O sub(3) impact, it does not eliminate the impact of O sub(3). Elevated CO sub(2) would enhance tree growth more if O sub(3) exposures were reduced, especially in the more polluted sites. The greatest benefit for tree growth would come from reducing O sub(3) exposures in the most polluted sites, but we must also consider locations that have high inherent O sub(3) sensitivity because of their mesic conditions. Limiting the increase of O sub(3) levels in those areas will also increase tree growth. JF - Ecological Applications AU - Tingey, D T AU - Weber, JA AU - Greene, J AU - Hogsett, W E AU - Lee, E H AU - Laurence, JA AU - Brown, S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Western Ecology Division, Corvallis, Oregon 97333 USA Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 1412 EP - 1424 VL - 11 IS - 5 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Ozone KW - Ponderosa Pine KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04635:Conifers KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - M2 551.586:Biometeorology and Bioclimatology (551.586) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18575249?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=Elevated+CO+sub%282%29+and+temperature+alter+the+response+of+Pinus+ponderosa+to+ozone%3A+A+simulation+analysis&rft.au=Tingey%2C+D+T%3BWeber%2C+JA%3BGreene%2C+J%3BHogsett%2C+W+E%3BLee%2C+E+H%3BLaurence%2C+JA%3BBrown%2C+S&rft.aulast=Tingey&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1412&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Utility of Splenic Macrophage Aggregates as an Indicator of Fish Exposure to Degraded Environments AN - 18404211; 5389599 AB - The utility of splenic macrophage aggregates (MAs) as an indicator of fish exposure to degraded environments was evaluated in several species of estuarine fishes as part of the Environmental Protection Agency's Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program-Estuaries (EMAP-E). Using image analysis, we measured the number and mean size of MAs per square millimeter on tissue sections of spleen from 983 fishes representing seven species from 266 stations scattered across coastal estuaries of the Gulf of Mexico. At 16 stations, at least one fish exhibited a high density of MAs (>40 MAs/mm super(2)). Densities of MAs that exceeded 40/mm super(2) correlated with exposure to either hypoxic conditions or sediment contamination. Fisher's exact test showed that the observed frequencies of joint occurrence between high numbers of MAs and both high sediment contaminants and low dissolved oxygen were significantly greater than the expected background frequencies. For all 16 sites where MAs were greater than 40/mm super(2), sediments displayed at least one contaminant at a concentration in the highest 5% of those observed for all Gulf of Mexico stations. Additionally, comparison of subjective visual analyses with the image analysis measurements showed a strong correlation, indicating that similar analyses can be performed without computer image analysis. This study demonstrates that splenic MAs are effective biotic indicators for discriminating between fish exposed to degraded and nondegraded environments. JF - Journal of Aquatic Animal Health AU - Fournie, J W AU - Summers, J K AU - Courtney, LA AU - Engle, V D AU - Blazer, V S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 105 EP - 116 VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 0899-7659, 0899-7659 KW - spleen KW - splenic macrophage aggregates KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q5 01504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18404211?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Aquatic+Animal+Health&rft.atitle=Utility+of+Splenic+Macrophage+Aggregates+as+an+Indicator+of+Fish+Exposure+to+Degraded+Environments&rft.au=Fournie%2C+J+W%3BSummers%2C+J+K%3BCourtney%2C+LA%3BEngle%2C+V+D%3BBlazer%2C+V+S&rft.aulast=Fournie&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Aquatic+Animal+Health&rft.issn=08997659&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Levels of depleted uranium in Kosovo soils AN - 18400575; 5375598 AB - The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) has performed a field survey at 11 sites located in Kosovo, where depleted uranium (DU) ammunitions were used by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) during the last Balkans conflict (1999). Soil sampling was performed to assess the spread of DU ground contamination around and within the NATO target sites and the migration of DU along the soil profile. The super(234)U/ super(238)U and super(235)U/ super(238)U activity concentration ratios have been used as an indicator of natural against anthropogenic sources of uranium. The results show that levels of super(238)U activity concentrations in soils above 100 Bq.kg super(-1) can be considered a 'tracer' of the presence of DU in soils. The results also indicate that detectable ground surface contamination by DU is limited to areas within a few metres from localised points of concentrated contamination caused by penetrator impacts. Vertical distribution of DU along the soil profile is measurable up to a depth of 10-20 cm. This latter aspect is of particular relevance for the potential risk of future contamination of groundwater. JF - Radiation Protection Dosimetry AU - Sansone, U AU - Stellato, L AU - Jia, G AU - Rosamilia, S AU - Gaudino, S AU - Barbizzi, S AU - Belli, M AD - ANPA - Agenzia Nazionale per la Protezione dell'Ambiente, (Italian National Environmental Protection Agency), Via Vitaliano Brancati, 48-00144 Rome, Italy, sansone@anpa.it Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 317 EP - 320 VL - 97 IS - 4 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - depleted uranium KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18400575?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.atitle=Levels+of+depleted+uranium+in+Kosovo+soils&rft.au=Sansone%2C+U%3BStellato%2C+L%3BJia%2C+G%3BRosamilia%2C+S%3BGaudino%2C+S%3BBarbizzi%2C+S%3BBelli%2C+M&rft.aulast=Sansone&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=317&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Native and Introduced Larval Fishes of Suisun Marsh, California: The Effects of Freshwater Flow AN - 18357361; 5325343 AB - We sampled ichthyoplankton weekly in Suisun Marsh in the San Francisco Estuary from February to June each year from 1994 to 1999. We collected approximately 227,900 fish, predominantly shimofuri goby Tridentiger bifasciatus (60%) and prickly sculpin Cottus asper (33%). Principal components analysis and canonical correspondence analysis were used to explore relationships among several environmental variables and the 13 species that made up 99.96% of the catch. A group of native fishes (prickly sculpin, Sacramento sucker Catostomus occidentalis, threespine stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus, longfin smelt Spirinchus thaleichthys, and Sacramento splittail [also known simply as splittail] Pogonichthys macrolepidotus) were associated with the cool temperatures and higher outflows characterizing early-season conditions in Suisun Marsh. In contrast, a group of introduced species (shimofuri goby, inland silverside Menidia beryllina, striped bass Morone saxatilis, and threadfin shad Dorosoma petenense) were associated with the warm temperatures and lower outflows that characterize late-season marsh conditions. Catch composition was similar among marsh waterways (called sloughs), except for Cordelia Slough in the western marsh, which had lower total catch, greater diversity, and most of the threespine stickleback, northern anchovy Engraulis mordax, and longfin smelt. Longfin smelt were captured mostly in February and March, whereas delta smelt Hypomesus transpacificus catches were later and more evenly distributed throughout the marsh. Delta smelt catches overlapped temporally and spatially with catches of the introduced wakasagi H. nipponensis. Sacramento splittail catches were confined mostly to 1995, a year when high flows peaked during their spawning season in March and April. Our results suggest that temperature and interannual variations in freshwater flow are important for determining habitat quality for native and introduced larval fishes. We conclude that mimicking natural flow regimes in this highly regulated system is important for early life stages of native fishes. JF - Transactions of the American Fisheries Society AU - Meng, L AU - Matern, SA AD - Atlantic Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882, USA Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 750 EP - 765 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Ste. 110 Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA VL - 130 IS - 5 SN - 0002-8487, 0002-8487 KW - Delta smelt KW - Inland silverside KW - Longfin smelt KW - Northern anchovy KW - Prickly sculpin KW - Rockfish KW - Sacramento sucker KW - Splittail KW - Threadfin shad KW - Threespine stickleback KW - Wakasagi KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Engraulis mordax KW - Ichthyoplankton KW - USA, California, Suisun Marsh KW - Freshwater KW - Fish larvae KW - Gasterosteus aculeatus KW - Endemic species KW - Hypomesus transpacificus KW - Interspecific relationships KW - Fishery management KW - Dorosoma petenense KW - USA, California KW - INE, USA, California, San Francisco Estuary KW - Menidia beryllina KW - Brackish KW - Spirinchus thaleichthys KW - Community composition KW - Morone saxatilis KW - Pogonichthys macrolepidotus KW - Water management KW - Tridentiger bifasciatus KW - Cottus asper KW - Hypomesus nipponensis KW - Ichthyoplankton surveys KW - Introduced species KW - Catostomus occidentalis KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - D 04668:Fish KW - O 1050:Vertebrates, Urochordates and Cephalochordates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18357361?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.atitle=Native+and+Introduced+Larval+Fishes+of+Suisun+Marsh%2C+California%3A+The+Effects+of+Freshwater+Flow&rft.au=Meng%2C+L%3BMatern%2C+SA&rft.aulast=Meng&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=130&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=750&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.issn=00028487&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Endemic species; Community composition; Fishery management; Interspecific relationships; Water management; Ichthyoplankton surveys; Introduced species; Fish larvae; Ichthyoplankton; Menidia beryllina; Spirinchus thaleichthys; Gasterosteus aculeatus; Morone saxatilis; Hypomesus transpacificus; Engraulis mordax; Pogonichthys macrolepidotus; Dorosoma petenense; Tridentiger bifasciatus; Hypomesus nipponensis; Cottus asper; Catostomus occidentalis; USA, California, Suisun Marsh; USA, California; INE, USA, California, San Francisco Estuary; Freshwater; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of metals on the environment due to technical accident at Aurul Baia Mare, Romania AN - 18351363; 5289975 AB - The S.C. Aurul S.A. is a joint venture company owned by the Esmeralda from Australia and the "Remin" National Company of Precious and Non-ferrous Metals in Romania, established in 1992. The design concept was to transport the mining waste away from the city, while the gold and silver in the tailings could be recovered, using efficient and modern technology that was not available at the time the dam was established. On 30 January, 2000, at 22.00, the dam burst and released 100,000 cubic meters of tailing pulp, heavily contaminated with cyanide and cyanide complexes, especially with copper, into the Lapus and Somes tributaries of the river Tisa. The paper deals with the impact of metals on the environment associated with their presence in surface waters, river sediments and soils. JF - International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health AU - Michnea, A AU - Gherhes, I AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Baia Mare, 1A, Iza Street, 4800 Baia Mare, Maramures, Romania Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 255 EP - 259 VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 1232-1087, 1232-1087 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - Romania, Maramures, Baia Mare KW - Heavy metals KW - Surface water KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Copper KW - Freshwater KW - Mine tailings KW - Cyanide KW - Industrial wastes KW - Gold KW - Rivers KW - Metals KW - Sediment pollution KW - Cyanides KW - Environmental impact KW - Soil contamination KW - Romania KW - Silver KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18351363?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Occupational+Medicine+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Impact+of+metals+on+the+environment+due+to+technical+accident+at+Aurul+Baia+Mare%2C+Romania&rft.au=Michnea%2C+A%3BGherhes%2C+I&rft.aulast=Michnea&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=255&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Occupational+Medicine+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=12321087&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Sediment pollution; Metals; Cyanides; Surface water; Heavy metals; Pollution dispersion; Environmental impact; Copper; Mine tailings; Industrial wastes; Gold; Silver; Cyanide; Soil contamination; Romania, Maramures, Baia Mare; Romania; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In progress identification of radon prone areas: Toscana and Veneto AN - 18314269; 5375605 AB - Two studies aimed at defining radon prone areas in Toscana and Veneto, based on indoor measurements, are merged in this paper to extract the key points for a possible general methodology. In territorial units, the geometric mean (GM) and standard deviation (GSD) are evaluated from empirical data and the fraction of dwellings above the reference level (RL) is derived according to a log-normal model. In Toscana the sampling base is made of nearly 1000 measurements (dwellings and kindergartens), apportioned according to the lithological classes (22) of the region. In Veneto 1230 measurements in dwellings of the upper part of the region (estimates are given for the south), have been assigned to 6 x 5 km super(2) sequential units of the territory; the detection floor has been considered and results are referred to the regional mean dwellings condition with respect to the floor. Empirical GM and GSD values are corrected to increase statistical power based on two different methods. Maps of the percentages of dwellings with more than 200 Bq.m super(-3) are presented. Areas with magmatic rocks in southern Toscana and northern parts of Vicenza and Belluno provinces in Veneto clearly emerge with more than 10% of dwellings above 200 Bq.m super(-3). Efforts are required to estabilish proper confidence limits for estimates and to trace radon maps upon an administrative basis. JF - Radiation Protection Dosimetry AU - Giannardi, C AU - Giovannini, F AU - Bucci, S AU - Gambit, S AU - Trotti, F AU - Caldognetto, E AU - Fusato, G AD - ARPAT (Environmental Protection Agency of Toscana) - Firenze, Via San Salvi 12, 50135 Firenze, Italy, c.giannardi@arpat.toscana.it Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 349 EP - 354 VL - 97 IS - 4 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - natural sources KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Indoor air pollution KW - Pollutant identification KW - Radon KW - Italy KW - Radiation KW - Radioisotopes KW - X 24210:Radiation & radioactive materials KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18314269?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.atitle=In+progress+identification+of+radon+prone+areas%3A+Toscana+and+Veneto&rft.au=Giannardi%2C+C%3BGiovannini%2C+F%3BBucci%2C+S%3BGambit%2C+S%3BTrotti%2C+F%3BCaldognetto%2C+E%3BFusato%2C+G&rft.aulast=Giannardi&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=349&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Italy; Indoor air pollution; Pollutant identification; Radon; Radioisotopes; Radiation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Population exposure to electromagnetic fields generated by radio base stations: Evaluation of the urban background by using provisional model and instrumental measurements AN - 18313592; 5375606 AB - Electromagnetic radiation, which is used by broadcasting and mobile telephone systems to transmit information, permeates the city environment. In order to properly evaluate population exposure to electromagnetic fields, knowledge of their intensity and spectral components is necessary. In this study the results of radiofrequency field monitoring carried out in Torino, a large town located in the north-west of Italy are shown: the variation of the electromagnetic field strength is evaluated as a function of the height from the ground, the location in the urban area and the frequency, separating the contributions of the different sources (broadcasting antennas and radio base stations for mobile phones). Furthermore, the contribution of the radio base stations is theoretically evaluated, adding the emissions off all installations situated in Torino and examining the field strength maps calculated, considering the orography, for different heights. The theoretical values are also compared with those measured in the frequency range of mobile telephony emissions. JF - Radiation Protection Dosimetry AU - Anglesio, L AU - Benedetto, A AU - Bonino, A AU - Colla, D AU - Martire, F AU - Fusette, S S AU - D'Amore, G AD - Regional Environmental Protection Agency, ARPA Piemonte, Department of Ivrea, Via Jervis 30, 10015 Ivrea (TO), Italy, l.anglesio@arpa.piemonte.it Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 355 EP - 358 VL - 97 IS - 4 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - monitoring KW - man KW - exposure KW - radio base stations KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Electromagnetic fields KW - Italy KW - Public health KW - Radiation KW - X 24210:Radiation & radioactive materials KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18313592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.atitle=Population+exposure+to+electromagnetic+fields+generated+by+radio+base+stations%3A+Evaluation+of+the+urban+background+by+using+provisional+model+and+instrumental+measurements&rft.au=Anglesio%2C+L%3BBenedetto%2C+A%3BBonino%2C+A%3BColla%2C+D%3BMartire%2C+F%3BFusette%2C+S+S%3BD%27Amore%2C+G&rft.aulast=Anglesio&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=355&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Italy; Electromagnetic fields; Radiation; Public health ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Flash-, somatosensory-, and peripheral nerve-evoked potentials in rats perinatally exposed to Aroclor 1254 AN - 18298515; 5348209 AB - Pregnant Long-Evans rats were exposed to 0, 1 or 6 mg/kg/day of Aroclor 1254 (A1254; Lot no. 124-191), a commercial mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), from gestation day (GD) 6 through postnatal day (PND) 21. At 128-140 days of age, male and female offspring were tested for visual-, somatosensory- and peripheral nerve-evoked potentials. The evoked responses increased in amplitude with larger stimulus intensities, and gender differences were detected for some endpoints. In contrast, developmental exposure to A1254 failed to significantly affect the electrophysiological measures. A subset of the animals were tested for low-frequency hearing dysfunction using reflex modification audiometry (RMA). An elevated threshold for a 1-kHz tone was observed, replicating previous findings of A1254-induced auditory deficits [Hear. Res. 144 (2000) 196; Toxicol. Sci. 45(1) (1998) 94; Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 135(1) (1995) 77.]. These findings indicate no statistically significant changes in visual-, somatosensory- or peripheral nerve-evoked potentials following developmental exposure to doses of A1254 that produce behavioral hearing deficits. However, subtle changes in the function of the visual or somatosensory systems cannot be disproved. JF - Neurotoxicology and Teratology AU - Herr, D W AU - Graff, JE AU - Derr-Yellin, E C AU - Crofton, K M AU - Kodavanti, PRS AD - Neurotoxicology Division, MD-74B, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 591 EP - 601 VL - 23 IS - 6 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - rats KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Aroclor KW - Intrauterine exposure KW - Evoked potentials KW - Peripheral nerves KW - N3 11104:Mammals (except primates) KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18298515?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.atitle=Flash-%2C+somatosensory-%2C+and+peripheral+nerve-evoked+potentials+in+rats+perinatally+exposed+to+Aroclor+1254&rft.au=Herr%2C+D+W%3BGraff%2C+JE%3BDerr-Yellin%2C+E+C%3BCrofton%2C+K+M%3BKodavanti%2C+PRS&rft.aulast=Herr&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=591&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aroclor; Intrauterine exposure; Evoked potentials; Peripheral nerves ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterizing tolerance to trichloroethylene (TCE). effects of repeated inhalation of TCE on performance of a signal detection task in rats AN - 18297194; 5348212 AB - Previous work showed that rats develop tolerance to the acute behavioral effects of trichloroethylene (TCE) on signal detection if they inhale TCE while performing the task and that this tolerance depends more upon learning than upon changes in metabolism of TCE. The present study sought to characterize this tolerance by assessing signal detection in rats during three phases of TCE exposures. Tolerance was induced in Phase 1 (daily 1-h test sessions concurrent with TCE exposure), extinguished in Phase 2 (daily tests in air with intermittent probe tests in TCE), and reinduced in Phase 3. Original induction in Phase 1 required 2 weeks, whereas reinduction in Phase 3 required less than 1 week. Tolerance persisted for 2 (accuracy) or 8 weeks [response time] in Phase 2 and was resistant to changes in test conditions in Phase 3. The slow induction, gradual extinction, savings during reinduction and lack of disruption from altered test conditions suggest mediation by instrumental learning processes. These data and most other evidence for behavioral tolerance to solvents can be explained by solvent-induced loss of reinforcement. JF - Neurotoxicology and Teratology AU - Oshiro, WM AU - Krantz, Q T AU - Bushnell, P J AD - Neurotoxicology Division, MD-74B, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 617 EP - 628 VL - 23 IS - 6 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - rats KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Inhalation KW - Tolerance KW - Solvents KW - Trichloroethylene KW - Learning behavior KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure KW - N3 11139:Toxicological and psychoactive drug correlates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18297194?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.atitle=Characterizing+tolerance+to+trichloroethylene+%28TCE%29.+effects+of+repeated+inhalation+of+TCE+on+performance+of+a+signal+detection+task+in+rats&rft.au=Oshiro%2C+WM%3BKrantz%2C+Q+T%3BBushnell%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Oshiro&rft.aufirst=WM&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=617&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Trichloroethylene; Learning behavior; Inhalation; Tolerance; Solvents ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of an Index of Biotic Integrity for the Mid-Atlantic Highlands Region AN - 18282207; 5325356 AB - From 1993 to 1996, fish assemblage data were collected from 309 wadeable streams in the U.S. Mid-Atlantic Highlands region as part of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program. Stream sites were selected with a probabilistic sampling design that allowed regional estimates of stream condition. We examined responses of 58 fish assemblage metrics to physical, chemical, and landscape indicators of disturbance. Univariate and multivariate analyses of relationships among fish metrics, habitat integrity, and anthropogenic disturbance were used to develop a fish index of biotic integrity (IBI) for assessing stream condition in the entire region. Of 58 candidate metrics 9 were selected and scored continuously from 0 to 10; the resulting IBI was scaled so that it ranged from 0 to 100. Regional estimates of stream conditions showed that 27% of the stream length in the Mid-Atlantic Highlands had fish assemblages in good or excellent ecological condition. Of the total wadeable perennial stream length in the region 38% was fair and 14% was poor. There were insufficient data to calculate IBIs for 21% of the wadeable stream length in the Mid-Atlantic Highlands; all of these streams were small (watershed area 2 km2) and lacked sufficient sample size (<10 individuals) to calculate an IBI. JF - Transactions of the American Fisheries Society AU - McCormick, F H AU - Hughes, R M AU - Kaufmann, PR AU - Peck, D V AU - Stoddard, J L AU - Herlihy, A T AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, 26 W. M. L. King Drive, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 857 EP - 877 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Ste. 110 Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA VL - 130 IS - 5 SN - 0002-8487, 0002-8487 KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Rivers KW - Biological surveys KW - Statistical analysis KW - Freshwater KW - USA, Mid-Atlantic Highlands KW - Freshwater fish KW - Streams KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Pisces KW - USA KW - Community composition KW - Shallow water KW - Monitoring KW - Q1 08341:General KW - D 04668:Fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18282207?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.atitle=Development+of+an+Index+of+Biotic+Integrity+for+the+Mid-Atlantic+Highlands+Region&rft.au=McCormick%2C+F+H%3BHughes%2C+R+M%3BKaufmann%2C+PR%3BPeck%2C+D+V%3BStoddard%2C+J+L%3BHerlihy%2C+A+T&rft.aulast=McCormick&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=130&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=857&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.issn=00028487&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological surveys; Rivers; Environmental monitoring; Community composition; Shallow water; Statistical analysis; Freshwater fish; Ecosystem disturbance; Monitoring; Streams; Pisces; USA; USA, Mid-Atlantic Highlands; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human Exposure to Volatile Organic Pollutants: Implications for Indoor Air Studies AN - 18275401; 5327502 AB - Over the past 20 years, a new scientific discipline based on direct measurement of human exposure to environmental pollutants has developed. The fundamental principle of the new science is to "measure where the people are." This has required developing small, lightweight, quiet personal monitors for volatile organic compounds and other pollutants. A second principle has been to measure body burden, particularly exhaled breath, whenever possible to determine the relationship between exposure and dose. Studies employing the new monitors and breath measurements have overturned accepted ideas about the sources of most volatile organic pollutants. The main sources turn out surprisingly often to be small, close to the person, and completely unregulated. These findings should result in major changes in our approach to environmental regulation; however, powerful forces of resistance would need to be overcome. JF - Annual Review of Energy and the Environment AU - Wallace, LA AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Reston, VA 20191, USA, wallace.lance@epa.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 269 EP - 301 VL - 26 SN - 1056-3466, 1056-3466 KW - Risk Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Indoor air pollution KW - Environmental health KW - Pollution effects KW - Atmospheric pollution and health KW - Dose-response effects KW - Volatile organic compounds in indoor air KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - M2 551.584:Microclimatology (551.584) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18275401?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Energy+and+the+Environment&rft.atitle=Human+Exposure+to+Volatile+Organic+Pollutants%3A+Implications+for+Indoor+Air+Studies&rft.au=Wallace%2C+LA&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Review+of+Energy+and+the+Environment&rft.issn=10563466&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Indoor air pollution; Pollution monitoring; Volatile organic compounds; Pollution effects; Dose-response effects; Environmental health; Volatile organic compounds in indoor air; Atmospheric pollution and health ER - TY - JOUR T1 - East versus West in the US: Chemical Characteristics of PM sub(2.5) during the Winter of 1999 AN - 18268422; 5322678 AB - The chemical composition of PM sub(2.5) was investigated at four sites (Rubidoux, CA, Phoenix, AZ, Philadelphia, PA, and Research Triangle Park, NC) in January and February of 1999. Three samplers were used to determine both the overall mass and the chemical composition of the aerosol. Teflon filters were weighed for total mass. Ions were analyzed using ion chromatography Elements were determined using X-ray fluorescence. Organic and elemental carbon were measured using a thermo-optical method. At all of the sites, reconstructed mass was observed to be greater than or equal to the measured mass. Good ionic balance was found for ammonium, nitrate, and sulfate at each of the sites. Overall, the chemical composition of the aerosol for each site was in good agreement with the expected composition based upon previous studies, with the exception of relatively high nitrate contribution to the total mass at Philadelphia. Good agreement was found between the predicted amount of sulfate by XRF analysis of sulfur and the sulfate measured by ion chromatography. As expected, sulfate was a more important contributor to the total mass at the East Coast sites. Nitrate contributed more to the total mass at the West Coast sites and was an important factor in the highest observed mass concentration at Rubidoux. Teflon filters appear to lose nitrate to a greater extent than heat-treated quartz fiber filters. Organic carbon was also found to be the largest part of the aerosol mass on minimum days for all sites and a significant portion of the mass on other days with 25-50% of the total mass at all of the sites. At three of the sites, organic carbon (OC) collected on denuded filters was less than that found on nondenuded samples, indicating an absorptive artifact on the quartz fiber filters. It was also found that the crustal component to PM sub(2.5) was highest at Phoenix. PM sub(2.5) was also found to contribute significantly to the PM sub(10) particle mass at all the sites. JF - Aerosol Science & Technology AU - Tolocka, M P AU - Solomon, P A AU - Mitchell, W AU - Norris, G A AU - Gemmill, D B AU - Wiener, R W AU - Vanderpool, R W AU - Homolya, J B AU - Rice, J AD - U.S. EPA, NERL, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 2001/01// PY - 2001 DA - Jan 2001 SP - 88 EP - 96 VL - 34 IS - 1 SN - 0278-6826, 0278-6826 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - USA, North Carolina KW - Atmospheric pollution instruments KW - Ammonium in aerosols KW - Organic carbon KW - Air quality KW - USA, North Carolina, Research Triangle Park KW - Particulates KW - Optical analysis KW - USA, West Coast KW - USA, California KW - Chemical composition of aerosols KW - Particulate matter in atmosphere measurements KW - Chemical composition KW - USA, Pennsylvania, Philadelphia KW - Sulfate in aerosols KW - USA, California, Rubidoux KW - Nitrate in aerosols KW - USA, East Coast KW - USA, Pennsylvania KW - Organic carbon in atmosphere KW - USA, Arizona, Phoenix KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18268422?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aerosol+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=East+versus+West+in+the+US%3A+Chemical+Characteristics+of+PM+sub%282.5%29+during+the+Winter+of+1999&rft.au=Tolocka%2C+M+P%3BSolomon%2C+P+A%3BMitchell%2C+W%3BNorris%2C+G+A%3BGemmill%2C+D+B%3BWiener%2C+R+W%3BVanderpool%2C+R+W%3BHomolya%2C+J+B%3BRice%2C+J&rft.aulast=Tolocka&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=88&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aerosol+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02786826&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Arizona, Phoenix; USA, Pennsylvania; USA, North Carolina; USA, California; USA, West Coast; USA, East Coast; USA, California, Rubidoux; USA, Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; USA, North Carolina, Research Triangle Park; Organic carbon; Air quality; Optical analysis; Particulates; Chemical composition; Chemical composition of aerosols; Particulate matter in atmosphere measurements; Ammonium in aerosols; Nitrate in aerosols; Sulfate in aerosols; Organic carbon in atmosphere; Atmospheric pollution instruments ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Penetration of Ambient Fine Particles into the Indoor Environment AN - 18267699; 5322675 AB - Several recent studies have indicated significant health risks associated with exposure to fine particles as measured outdoors. However, much of the exposure is believed to have occurred indoors. Consequently, there is considerable interest in the relationship between indoor and outdoor fine particles. This paper describes some results from a study in which the processes of particle removal from infiltrating air by building envelopes are simulated in a chamber. The chamber consists of two compartments, each having a volume of 19 m super(3). Particles with aerodynamic diameters in the range of 0.05 to 5 mu m are generated in one compartment and then transported through simulated leakage paths to the other compartment under the action of applied pressure differentials. The simulated leakage paths described in this paper consist of horizontal slits (0.508 mm high, 102 mm deep, and 433 mm wide) between aluminum plates. The penetration factor for each size particle is determined by simultaneously measuring the concentrations in the two compartments as a function of time. The penetration factor is obtained through a mathematical solution of the mass balance equations. The measured values of penetration are compared to predictions of a mathematical model describing deposition by the mechanisms of settling and diffusion. At applied pressures of 2 Pa, only 2% of 2 mu m particles and 0.1% of 5 mu m particles pass through the 0.508 mm high slits. At a pressure of 5 Pa, 40% of 2 mu m particles and <1% of 5 mu m particles pass through the slits. At 10 Pa, 85% of 2 mu m particles and <1% of 5 mu m particles pass through the slits. At 20 Pa, 90% of 2 mu m particles and 9% of 5 mu m particles pass through the slits. Measured deposition rate constants for particles spanning the range 0.015 to 5 mu m in diameter are shown. JF - Aerosol Science & Technology AU - Mosley, R B AU - Greenwell, D J AU - Sparks, LE AU - Guo, Z AU - Tucker, W G AU - Fortmann, R AU - Whitfield, C AD - U.S. EPA, IEMB, MD-54, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 2001/01// PY - 2001 DA - Jan 2001 SP - 127 EP - 136 VL - 34 IS - 1 SN - 0278-6826, 0278-6826 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Atmospheric pollution test chambers KW - Indoor air pollution KW - Diffusion models KW - Particulate matter distribution KW - Public health KW - Atmospheric pollution and health KW - Aerosol deposition KW - Particle size KW - Air pollution KW - Infiltration KW - Indoor environments KW - M2 551.511.61:Theoretical and mathematical models of turbulence and diffusion (551.511.61) KW - H 3000:Environment and Ecology KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.511.63:Experimental studies of turbulence and diffusion (551.511.63) KW - M2 551.584.61:Indoor climates (551.584.61) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18267699?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aerosol+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Penetration+of+Ambient+Fine+Particles+into+the+Indoor+Environment&rft.au=Mosley%2C+R+B%3BGreenwell%2C+D+J%3BSparks%2C+LE%3BGuo%2C+Z%3BTucker%2C+W+G%3BFortmann%2C+R%3BWhitfield%2C+C&rft.aulast=Mosley&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aerosol+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02786826&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Indoor environments; Particle size; Infiltration; Risk assessment; Public health; Indoor air pollution; Particulate matter distribution; Aerosol deposition; Atmospheric pollution and health; Diffusion models; Atmospheric pollution test chambers ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of Indoor-Outdoor Aerosol Concentration Relationships during the Fresno PM Exposure Studies AN - 18266931; 5322676 AB - Particle size distributions were measured indoors and outdoors of a single, detached residence during the Fresno particulate matter exposure studies in winter (February 1-28, 1999) and spring (April 18-May 16, 1999). Data was collected for particle sizes ranging from about 0.01 to 2.5 mu m. These data were used to investigate the temporal relationships between indoor and outdoor aerosol concentrations and to determine particle deposition rates and penetration factors for discrete particle sizes. Indoor/outdoor aerosol concentration ratios for particle sizes >1 mu m were diurnally variable with highest ratios occurring during daytime (6:00-18:00) due to resuspension from indoor activities. Daytime and nighttime (19:00-7:00) aerosol concentration ratios were very similar for particle sizes <1 mu m. Particle deposition rates were determined by measuring the decay in indoor aerosol concentrations after indoor levels were elevated by infiltration of native ambient aerosols. Deposition rates varied depending on particle size and were consistent with model results up to about 0.4 mu m. The experimentally determined deposition rates were considerably higher than model results at larger particle sizes, suggesting the possibility of an additional indoor loss mechanism. Penetration factors were determined to be less than unity for all particle sizes and ranged from 0.5 to 0.9. JF - Aerosol Science & Technology AU - Vette, A F AU - Rea, A W AU - Lawless, P A AU - Rodes, CE AU - Evans, G AU - Highsmith, V R AU - Sheldon, L AD - U.S. EPA, National Exposure Research Laboratory, MD-56, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, vette.alan@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/01// PY - 2001 DA - Jan 2001 SP - 118 EP - 126 VL - 34 IS - 1 SN - 0278-6826, 0278-6826 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Particle size KW - Aerosols KW - Indoor air pollution KW - Particulates KW - Aerosol concentrations KW - Pollutant deposition KW - USA, California, Fresno KW - USA, California, Fresno Cty. KW - Particle size distribution determination KW - Seasonal variations KW - Aerosol deposition KW - Urban areas KW - Air pollution measurements KW - M2 551.511.61:Theoretical and mathematical models of turbulence and diffusion (551.511.61) KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.511.63:Experimental studies of turbulence and diffusion (551.511.63) KW - M2 551.584.61:Indoor climates (551.584.61) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18266931?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aerosol+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+Indoor-Outdoor+Aerosol+Concentration+Relationships+during+the+Fresno+PM+Exposure+Studies&rft.au=Vette%2C+A+F%3BRea%2C+A+W%3BLawless%2C+P+A%3BRodes%2C+CE%3BEvans%2C+G%3BHighsmith%2C+V+R%3BSheldon%2C+L&rft.aulast=Vette&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=118&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aerosol+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02786826&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, California, Fresno Cty.; USA, California, Fresno; Particulates; Air pollution measurements; Seasonal variations; Aerosols; Particle size; Pollutant deposition; Urban areas; Indoor air pollution; Particle size distribution determination; Aerosol deposition; Aerosol concentrations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distributions of lake fishes in the Northeast -- IV: Benthic and small water-column species AN - 18262524; 5323737 AB - Using data collected at 203 randomly selected lakes in eight states in northeastern USA, we present maps of distributions and native status for 28 fish species: 15 benthic species in five families, 11 small water-column feeders in six families, and two large piscivores. Brown bullhead and white sucker were among the most widespread lake-dwelling fishes, and were collected in 69% and 56% of the sampled lakes. Banded killifish, American eel, and yellow bullhead were collected in 26%, 19% and 17% of sampled lakes respectively. The remaining species were collected in less than or equal to 8% of the sampled lakes. Many of the species that were uncommon in this survey have limited distributions in the Northeast or are more commonly found in streams than in lakes. Seven species discussed in this article are Mississippian and were only collected in Cross Lake, NY. We also present a summary of the extent, geographic distributions, and native status of all 88 fish species collected in the EMAP - Northeast Lakes Project. JF - Northeastern Naturalist AU - Whittier, T R AU - Halliwell, D B AU - Daniels, R A AD - Dynamac International, Inc., U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 200 SW 35th Street, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA, whittier@mail.cor.epa.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 455 EP - 482 PB - Allen Press, Inc. VL - 8 IS - 4 SN - 1092-6194, 1092-6194 KW - USA, Northeast KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Pisces KW - Ecology KW - USA KW - Lakes KW - Spatial distribution KW - Benthic Environment KW - Species Diversity KW - Fish Populations KW - Benthic environment KW - Spatial Distribution KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - D 04668:Fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18262524?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Northeastern+Naturalist&rft.atitle=Distributions+of+lake+fishes+in+the+Northeast+--+IV%3A+Benthic+and+small+water-column+species&rft.au=Whittier%2C+T+R%3BHalliwell%2C+D+B%3BDaniels%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Whittier&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=455&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Northeastern+Naturalist&rft.issn=10926194&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lakes; Spatial distribution; Benthic environment; Ecology; Benthic Environment; Species Diversity; Fish Populations; Spatial Distribution; Pisces; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Correlations between pesticide transformation rate and microbial respiration activity in soil of different ecosystems AN - 18231928; 5296620 AB - Cecil sandy loam soils (ultisol) from forest (coniferous and deciduous), pasture, and arable ecosystems were sampled (0-10 cm) in the vicinity of Athens, Georgia, USA. Soil from each site was subdivided into three portions, consisting of untreated soil (control) as well as live and sterile samples treated with the fungicide metalaxyl and the herbicide propachlor at 10 mg kg super(-1) soil. Pesticide transformation rate, basal respiration (basal) and substrate-induced respiration (SIR) rates, and microbial metabolic quotient (qCO sub(2)) were measured for the initial application of metalaxyl [methyl-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N-(metoxyacetyl)-DL-alaninate] or propachlor (2-chloro-N-isopropyl-acetanilide) at 22 degree C and 60% water holding capacity. Positive correlations were found for the following: metalaxyl transformation rate constant (K sub(met)) and basal (r=0.73); K sub(met) and SIR (r=0.83); propachlor transformation rate constant (K sub(pr)) and basal (r=0.89); and K sub(pr) and SIR (r=0.91). Regression analysis of pesticide transformation rate and soil respiration activity, coupled with specific soil properties (pH, C sub(org), and clay content), revealed a positive correlation between K and SIR for C sub(org) (r=0.88 and 0.98, for metalaxyl and propachlor, respectively). qCO sub(2)s were not significantly different (P=0.05) in propachlor-amended and pesticide-free soils. Metalaxyl amendment resulted in a change in the ecophysiological status of the soil microbial community as expressed by qCO sub(2). The qCO sub(2) values in metalaxyl-amended soils were significantly greater (P=0.05) in pine forest (by 25%) and arable and pasture (by 20%) soils compared to unamended soils. Differences in qCO sub(2) values may represent the magnitude of pesticide-induced disturbance. The duration of this disturbance was greater in the pine forest soil (48 days) compared to arable and pasture soils (21 and 15 days, respectively). JF - Biology and Fertility of Soils AU - Jones, W J AU - Ananyeva, N D AD - Ecosystems Research Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, GA 30605, USA Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 477 EP - 483 VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0178-2762, 0178-2762 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Soil types KW - Agricultural land KW - Biodegradation KW - Respiration KW - Pesticides KW - Forests KW - Pasture KW - Soil microorganisms KW - A 01016:Microbial degradation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18231928?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biology+and+Fertility+of+Soils&rft.atitle=Correlations+between+pesticide+transformation+rate+and+microbial+respiration+activity+in+soil+of+different+ecosystems&rft.au=Jones%2C+W+J%3BAnanyeva%2C+N+D&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=477&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biology+and+Fertility+of+Soils&rft.issn=01782762&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs003740100365 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil microorganisms; Agricultural land; Pesticides; Biodegradation; Respiration; Soil types; Pasture; Forests DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003740100365 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An Update on the EPA Nutrient Criteria Program for Lakes and Reservoirs AN - 18215503; 5285323 AB - The National Nutrient Criteria Development Program was born of the concerns many of us expressed as far back as the late 1970s when I was doing my grumbling from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. As I recall we all griped about the need for the new EPA to deal with lake eutrophication. The problem with this kind of complaining is that sometimes we find ourselves in a position to take action. When I moved to EPA to work on biological criteria, I remembered our discussions at NALMS and recognized that the same regional approach could make nutrient criteria development a reality. State 305(b) reports indicated the problem is still with us, and in 1995 we formed a small group of EPA scientists headed by Bob Cantilli to initiate the National Nutrient Criteria Program. The purpose is to establish regional benchmarks of water quality conditions representative of relatively low human impact areas. These reference values can be incorporated in criteria to be used as management guides to reduce cultural eutrophication. JF - LakeLine AU - Gibson, G AD - USEPA, Gibson.George@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2001///0, PY - 2001 DA - 0, 2001 SP - 42 EP - 43 VL - 21 IS - 3 SN - 0743-7978, 0743-7978 KW - USA KW - lake management KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Administrative Agencies KW - Lakes KW - Water Quality Standards KW - Eutrophication KW - Water Quality KW - Nutrients KW - Water Resources Management KW - SW 0850:Lakes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18215503?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LakeLine&rft.atitle=An+Update+on+the+EPA+Nutrient+Criteria+Program+for+Lakes+and+Reservoirs&rft.au=Gibson%2C+G&rft.aulast=Gibson&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=42&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LakeLine&rft.issn=07437978&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Administrative Agencies; Water Quality Standards; Lakes; Eutrophication; Water Quality; Nutrients; Water Resources Management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of Risk from Using Poultry Litter to Remediate and Reuse Contaminated Estuarine Sediments AN - 18205377; 5277950 AB - The availability of heavy metals in contaminated sediment evaluated for beneficial reuse, before and after chemical amendment, was evaluated using poultry manure as the amendment. The dredged sediment was only slightly contaminated with heavy metals. Availability tests on the amended sediment showed an increase in heavy metals, most likely because of poultry feed amendments passed to the manure. There would be difficulty finding one chemical amendment to reduce the availability of a number of heavy metals because the metals exhibit different chemical properties. JF - Remediation AU - Barth, E AU - Sass, B AU - Polaczyk, A AU - Landy, R AD - Office of Research and Development of the EPA, Cincinnati, OH, USA Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 35 EP - 46 VL - 11 IS - 4 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Sediment pollution KW - Dredge spoil KW - Poultry KW - Manure KW - Animal wastes KW - Water Pollution Treatment KW - Heavy metals KW - Waste reuse KW - Estuaries KW - Remediation KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Animal Wastes KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - R2 23050:Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18205377?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+Risk+from+Using+Poultry+Litter+to+Remediate+and+Reuse+Contaminated+Estuarine+Sediments&rft.au=Barth%2C+E%3BSass%2C+B%3BPolaczyk%2C+A%3BLandy%2C+R&rft.aulast=Barth&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Dredge spoil; Sediment pollution; Animal wastes; Manure; Heavy metals; Waste reuse; Remediation; Poultry; Water Pollution Treatment; Estuaries; Sediment Contamination; Animal Wastes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Practical Guide to Estimating Cleanup Costs AN - 18200978; 5277955 AB - Cost estimates are frequently developed to evaluate hazardous-waste-site cleanup options in support of a site investigation, remedy selection decision, or assessment of environmental liabilities. The accuracy of the cost estimate depends largely on the quality of the information available at the time it is prepared. This article presents a practical guide to developing a cleanup cost estimate. It includes information on how to document assumptions, use the latest technical resources, and perform basic adjustments to account for uncertainty and the time value of money. The content is based upon a recent guidance document issued by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers entitled A Guide to Developing and Documenting Cost Estimates during the Feasibility Study (USEPA, 2000). JF - Remediation AU - Goldstein, M L AU - Ritterling, J M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 10 Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 103 EP - 122 VL - 11 IS - 4 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Environmental economics KW - Pollution liabilities KW - Pollution clean-up KW - Decontamination KW - Remediation KW - Hazardous wastes KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18200978?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation&rft.atitle=A+Practical+Guide+to+Estimating+Cleanup+Costs&rft.au=Goldstein%2C+M+L%3BRitterling%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Goldstein&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hazardous wastes; Pollution clean-up; Remediation; Pollution liabilities; Environmental economics; Decontamination ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Perspectives on use of a multimetric lake bioassessment integrity index using benthic macroinvertebrates AN - 18174982; 5163975 AB - A lake bioassessment integrity index (LBII) derived from 12 macroinvertebrate metrics was used to evaluate the biological integrity of 19 lakes in five New England States (Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont). Of the 19 lakes classified according to temperature and size (warm, small; warm, large; cold, small; cold, large), 15 lakes had anthropogenic disturbances (including residential, agricultural, silvercultural, and fish stocking), and one minimally disturbed reference lake was selected from each category. The bioassessment index successfully ranked the biological integrity for 17 of the 19 lakes. Index scores of anthropogenically disturbed lakes were significantly higher (P <0.05) than index scores of reference lakes with little disturbance in each temperature and size category, indicating that the index may be useful in separating impacted from non-impacted lakes in the New England States. JF - Northeastern Naturalist AU - Lewis, P A AU - Klemm, D J AU - Thoeny, W T AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory (NERL), Ecological Exposure Research Division, Ecosystems Research Branch, 26 W. Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA, klemm.donald@epa.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 233 EP - 246 PB - Allen Press, Inc. VL - 8 IS - 2 SN - 1092-6194, 1092-6194 KW - USA KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Statistical analysis KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Man-induced effects KW - Macrofauna KW - Freshwater KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Methodology KW - Community composition KW - Lakes KW - USA, New England KW - Invertebrata KW - Zoobenthos KW - Q1 08462:Benthos KW - D 04001:Methodology - general KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes KW - Z 05156:Techniques UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18174982?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Northeastern+Naturalist&rft.atitle=Perspectives+on+use+of+a+multimetric+lake+bioassessment+integrity+index+using+benthic+macroinvertebrates&rft.au=Lewis%2C+P+A%3BKlemm%2C+D+J%3BThoeny%2C+W+T&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Northeastern+Naturalist&rft.issn=10926194&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental monitoring; Pollution monitoring; Lakes; Community composition; Anthropogenic factors; Man-induced effects; Zoobenthos; Ecosystem disturbance; Statistical analysis; Macrofauna; Methodology; Invertebrata; USA, New England; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Challenges of Combined Sewer Overflow Disinfection by Ultraviolet Light Irradiation AN - 18174247; 5179494 AB - This article examines the performance and effectiveness of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation for disinfection of combined sewer overflow (CSO). Due to the negative impact of conventional water disinfectants on aquatic life, new agents (e.g., UV light) are being investigated for CSO. This low-quality water with high flow rates, volumes, and suspended solids content requires the use of high-rate techniques for its disinfection. Although many pilot-scale studies have investigated UV irradiation as an alternative technology, to date no full-scale CSO treatment facilities in the United States are using UV light. A survey of the major pilot-scale studies investigating UV light as a CSO disinfectant suggests that UV light irradiation, correctly applied, is an effective alternative to chlorination for CSO. The success of disinfecting with UV light seems to be strongly dependent on water quality. Thus, pretreatment of CSO prior to disinfection is a major prerequisite to ensure UV light effectiveness. JF - Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology AU - Wojtenko, I AU - Stinson, M K AU - Field, R AD - Urban Watershed Management Branch, Water Supply and Water Resources Division, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2890 Woodbridge Ave., Edison, NJ 08837-3679, USA, wojtenko.izabela@epa.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 223 EP - 239 VL - 31 IS - 3 SN - 1064-3389, 1064-3389 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Radiation (-general-) KW - Disinfection KW - Aquatic Life KW - Ultraviolet Radiation KW - Combined Sewer Overflows KW - Water treatment KW - Sewers KW - Overflowing KW - Irradiation KW - combined sewer overflows KW - Ultraviolet radiation KW - Water Treatment KW - Pilot Plants KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18174247?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Challenges+of+Combined+Sewer+Overflow+Disinfection+by+Ultraviolet+Light+Irradiation&rft.au=Wojtenko%2C+I%3BStinson%2C+M+K%3BField%2C+R&rft.aulast=Wojtenko&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=10643389&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Disinfection; Water treatment; Irradiation; Ultraviolet radiation; combined sewer overflows; Radiation (-general-); Overflowing; Sewers; Combined Sewer Overflows; Aquatic Life; Water Treatment; Pilot Plants; Ultraviolet Radiation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Zinc Phytoextraction in Thlaspi caerulescens AN - 18167672; 5144033 AB - The existence of metal hyperaccumulator species demonstrates that plants have the genetic potential to remove toxic metals from contaminated soil. Possibly, one of the best-known hyperaccumulators is Thlaspi caerulescens. This species has been shown to accumulate very high Zn concentrations without manifesting any sign of toxicity. Thus, T. caerulescens represents an excellent experimental system for studying metal hyperaccumulation in plants as it relates to phytoremediation. In this article, we review the results of an investigation into the physiology, biochemistry, and molecular regulation of Zn transport and accumulation in T. caerulescens compared with a nonaccumulator relative T. arvense. Physiological studies focused on the use of super(65)Zn radiotracer flux techniques to characterize zinc transport and compartmentation in the root, and translocation to the shoot. Transport studies indicated that a number of Zn transport sites were stimulated in T. caerulescens, contributing to the hyperaccumulation trait. Thus, Zn influx into root and leaf cells, and Zn loading into the xylem was greater in T. caerulescens compared with the nonaccumulator T. arvense. The 4.5-fold stimulation of Zn influx into the roots of T. caerulescens was hypothesized to be due to an overexpression of Zn transporters in this species. Additionally, compartmental analysis (radiotracer wash out or efflux techniques) was used to show that Zn was sequestered in the root vacuole of T. arvense inhibiting Zn translocation to the shoot in this nonaccumulator species. Molecular studies focused on the cloning and characterization of Zn transport genes in T. caerulescens. Functional complementation of a yeast Zn transport-defective mutant with a T. caerulescens cDNA library constructed in a yeast expression vector resulted in the cloning of a Zn transport cDNA, ZNT1. Expression of ZNT1 in yeast allowed for a physiological characterization of this transporter. ZNT1 was shown to encode a high-affinity Zn transporter that can also mediate low-affinity Cd transport. Biochemical analyses indicated that enhanced Zn transport in T. caerulescens results from a constitutively high expression of ZNT1 in roots and shoots. These results suggest that overexpression of ZNT1 may be linked to an alteration of the Zn tolerance mechanism in this species. JF - International Journal of Phytoremediation AU - Lasat, M M AU - Pence, N S AU - Letham, DLD AU - Kochian, LV AD - U.S. EPA, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Research, 8722R, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20460, USA, lasat.mitch@epa.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 129 EP - 144 PB - CRC Press LLC VL - 3 IS - 1 SN - 1522-6514, 1522-6514 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Pollution tolerance KW - Heavy metals KW - Phytoremediation KW - Zinc KW - Thlaspi caerulescens KW - Soil contamination KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18167672?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Phytoremediation&rft.atitle=Zinc+Phytoextraction+in+Thlaspi+caerulescens&rft.au=Lasat%2C+M+M%3BPence%2C+N+S%3BLetham%2C+DLD%3BKochian%2C+LV&rft.aulast=Lasat&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Phytoremediation&rft.issn=15226514&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution tolerance; Phytoremediation; Heavy metals; Zinc; Soil contamination; Thlaspi caerulescens ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sequential batch reactors - Technology and performance evaluation AN - 18166847; 5142746 AB - Data were collected from nineteen municipal and private Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) wastewater treatment plants in the United States. The average design flow for these plants ranged from 0.028 to 3.0 mgd. The average effluent BOD sub(5) concentration ranged from 3.0 to 14.0 mg/l with removals ranging from 88.9 to 98.1 percent. The average effluent TSS ranged from 3.7 to 20.2 mg/l (excluding one plant) and removals for TSS were between 84.7 to 97.2 percent. Effluent NH3-N concentrations ranged from 0.29 to 1.68 mg/l and ammonia removals were between 90.8 to 96.8 percent. The average effluent phosphorus concentrations were between 0.53 to 4.27 mg/l. The SBR performance data shows that typical SBR designs can meet effluent BOD sub(5) and TSS concentrations of less than 10 mg/l. With some additional design modifications, SBRs can successfully nitrify to limits of 1 to 2 mg/l NH3-N. The limited data available suggests that SBRs achieve denitrification when properly designed and achieve phosphorus removal without chemical addition to less than 1.0 mg/l. The SBR market is competitive, which will encourage cost-effectiveness when compared to competing technologies. Current designs are based on several factors, including fundamental process knowledge, manufacturer's supplied information, actual plant performance experience, and permit requirements. JF - Journal of Environmental Systems AU - Surampalli, R Y AU - Tyagi, R D AU - Scheible, OK AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, P.O. Box 17-2141, Kansas City, KS 66117, USA Y1 - 2001///0, PY - 2001 DA - 0, 2001 SP - 25 EP - 42 VL - 28 IS - 1 SN - 0047-2433, 0047-2433 KW - sequential batch reactors KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Wastewater treatment plants KW - Wastewater Facilities KW - Effluents KW - Cost Analysis KW - Phosphorus removal KW - USA KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Nutrient Removal KW - Design Criteria KW - Denitrification KW - Batch Reactors KW - Biochemical oxygen demand KW - Wastewater Treatment KW - Data Collections KW - Technology KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18166847?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Systems&rft.atitle=Sequential+batch+reactors+-+Technology+and+performance+evaluation&rft.au=Surampalli%2C+R+Y%3BTyagi%2C+R+D%3BScheible%2C+OK&rft.aulast=Surampalli&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Systems&rft.issn=00472433&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phosphorus removal; Wastewater treatment plants; Denitrification; Biochemical oxygen demand; Effluents; Technology; Performance Evaluation; Wastewater Facilities; Nutrient Removal; Design Criteria; Batch Reactors; Cost Analysis; Wastewater Treatment; Data Collections; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Treatment of Highly Contaminated Groundwater: A SITE Demonstration Project AN - 18108831; 5183289 AB - From September through November 1994, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) conducted a field demonstration of the remediation of highly contaminated groundwater at the Nascolite Superfund site located in Millville, New Jersey. Besides high concentrations of the major contaminant, methyl methacrylate (MMA), the groundwater also contained small amounts of volatile and semivolatile organic compounds. ZenoGem registered technology, an integrated bioreactor and ultrafiltration membrane system, was employed for this demonstration project. Approximately 30,000 gallons of groundwater containing MMA in concentrations of 567 to 9,500 milligrams per liter (mg/L) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) values ranging from 1,490 to 19,600 mg/L was treated. The demonstration focused on the system's ability to remove MMA and reduce COD from the groundwater. Results of the three-month demonstration showed that average MMA and COD removal efficiencies were greater than 99.9 and 86.9, respectively. The total cost of treatment, depending on the duration of the project, is estimated to vary from $0.22 to $0.55 (in 1994 dollars) per gallon of groundwater treated. JF - Remediation AU - Sullivan, D AU - Merdinger, M AU - Kosco, W AU - Ray, AB AD - Urban Watershed Management Branch U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Edison, NJ, USA Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 63 EP - 72 VL - 11 IS - 3 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - USA, New Jersey, Millville KW - methyl methacrylate KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Environmental economics KW - Membrane Processes KW - Superfund KW - Decontamination KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Chemical oxygen demand KW - Cost Analysis KW - Filtration KW - Water treatment KW - Bioreactors KW - Remediation KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Organic Compounds KW - Organic compounds KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18108831?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation&rft.atitle=Treatment+of+Highly+Contaminated+Groundwater%3A+A+SITE+Demonstration+Project&rft.au=Sullivan%2C+D%3BMerdinger%2C+M%3BKosco%2C+W%3BRay%2C+AB&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Filtration; Environmental economics; Water treatment; Bioreactors; Superfund; Remediation; Decontamination; Groundwater pollution; Chemical oxygen demand; Organic compounds; Membrane Processes; Groundwater Pollution; Organic Compounds; Cost Analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Current US Practice Concerning Potable Reuse, Desalination and Disposal of Desalination Wastes AN - 18090585; 5169376 AB - There has been a substantial increase in the use of membranes in the US over the last decade. This increase is due to more stringent water quality standards, a decrease in fresh water sources, better membrane performance at lower cost, new applications for membrane technologies, and increased emphasis on the regulation of microbial contaminants and disinfection by-products. There is also a trend toward increased reuse of wastewater for indirect potable use. This has resulted in membranes being used to control both microbes and natural organic matter. Newer designs are replacing high lime softening with ultrafiltration or nanofiltration as pretreatment for reverse osmosis in reuse situations. The city of San Diego is looking at advanced wastewater treatment discharges to a microfiltration or ultrafiltration pretreatment for reverse osmosis followed by advanced oxidation and ion exchange. JF - International Water And Irrigation AU - Clark, S W AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 15 EP - 19 VL - 21 IS - 2 SN - 0334-5807, 0334-5807 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - Standards (Water quality) KW - Disinfection KW - Micro-organisms KW - USA, California, San Diego KW - Membranes KW - Water re-use KW - Reuse (see also Reclamation, Recycling) KW - Wastewater treatment KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18090585?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Water+And+Irrigation&rft.atitle=Current+US+Practice+Concerning+Potable+Reuse%2C+Desalination+and+Disposal+of+Desalination+Wastes&rft.au=Clark%2C+S+W&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Water+And+Irrigation&rft.issn=03345807&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Standards (Water quality); Micro-organisms; Disinfection; Membranes; Reuse (see also Reclamation, Recycling); Water re-use; Wastewater treatment; USA, California, San Diego ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oceans: Progress in 2000, New Steps for the Future AN - 18081818; 5127816 AB - One of my highest priorities during my tenure as the assistant administrator for the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Office of Water has been to focus on the protection of our ocean and coastal resources. These resources are invaluable to us all in many ways. Almost 85 percent of commercially harvested fish depend on estuaries and nearby coastal waters at some stage in their life cycle, and the fishing industry contributes $111 billion to the nation's economy annually. Combined, commercial and recreational fishing, boating and tourism provide Americans with more than 28 million jobs. In addition, 180 million people use the coast as a vacation destination each year, spending an estimated $75 billion annually. The continued ecological and economic viability of these aquatic resources depends in large part on our ability to help ensure that are clean and healthy. This article briefly reviews some of EPA's ocean and coastal activities over the past year and highlights the issues I believe will be at the forefront of our efforts in 2001. JF - Sea Technology AU - Fox, J C AD - Environmental Protection Agency Y1 - 2001/01// PY - 2001 DA - Jan 2001 SP - 12 EP - 15 VL - 42 IS - 1 SN - 0093-3651, 0093-3651 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Federal regulations KW - Resource management KW - Environmental economics KW - Environmental protection KW - Coastal zone management KW - EPA KW - USA KW - Coastal zone KW - Marine resources KW - Recreation areas KW - Fisheries KW - Legislation KW - Marine technology KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection KW - Q2 09281:General KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18081818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sea+Technology&rft.atitle=Oceans%3A+Progress+in+2000%2C+New+Steps+for+the+Future&rft.au=Fox%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sea+Technology&rft.issn=00933651&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine resources; Resource management; Environmental protection; Coastal zone management; Marine technology; EPA; Federal regulations; Coastal zone; Environmental economics; Recreation areas; Fisheries; Legislation; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of macroinvertebrate assemblages in relation to environmental gradients in Rocky Mountain streams AN - 18080304; 5128590 AB - Using redundancy analysis (RDA) and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), we assessed relationships among chemical and physical characteristics and macroinvertebrate assemblages at stream sites sampled by the Regional Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (R-EMAP) in the mineral belt of the Southern Rockies Ecoregion in Colorado. We contrasted results of analyses where community structure was summarized as community metrics and analyses based on genera abundances. Our objective was to identify metrics or taxa diagnostic of major environmental stressors in these streams. When RDA was used to analyze the community metrics data, three axes were significant, accounting for 96% of the metric-environment relation. The first RDA axis was correlated with dissolved cadmium, sediment zinc, and total suspended solids, variables that indicate it was related to mining effects. The second and third RDA axes were correlated with water temperature, mean substrate embeddedness, mean canopy density at the banks, and a riparian human disturbance index for agriculture, variables associated with riparian and substrate alterations associated with grazing by livestock. When CCA was used to analyze the genera abundance data, four axes were significant, accounting for 45% of the species-environment relation. The CCA axes were correlated with total and dissolved iron, water temperature, dissolved and total organic carbon, mean bank height, and mean water surface gradient, variables associated with riparian disturbance from livestock grazing, but not with mining effects. Because CCA measures variation in community structure in terms of changes in the absolute abundances of different genera relative to one another, that analysis of genera abundances was sensitive to the effects of riparian disturbance and stream size, but not to the general toxicological effects associated with mining that reduced the abundances of all genera. Community metrics measure various aspects of community structure, including taxa richness, taxa relative abundances, and taxa relative dominance, and these metrics were sensitive to the effects of mining, riparian disturbance, and stream size. Some community metrics, such as the percentage abundance of the most dominant taxon, the total number of individuals, the total number of taxa, and the number of chironomid taxa, may be used to diagnose the environmental stressors in these streams, while the results of the CCA for genera abundances may be used to design new metrics for this purpose. JF - Ecological Applications AU - Griffith, M B AU - Kaufmann, PR AU - Herlihy, A T AU - Hill, B H AD - Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, c/o U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, 26 W. Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 489 EP - 505 PB - Ecological Society of America VL - 11 IS - 2 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - USA, Colorado KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Agriculture KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Rivers KW - Community structure KW - Invertebrata KW - Macrofauna KW - Environmental stress KW - Mining KW - Zoobenthos KW - Streams KW - D 04310:Freshwater KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - Z 05210:Aquatic entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18080304?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+macroinvertebrate+assemblages+in+relation+to+environmental+gradients+in+Rocky+Mountain+streams&rft.au=Griffith%2C+M+B%3BKaufmann%2C+PR%3BHerlihy%2C+A+T%3BHill%2C+B+H&rft.aulast=Griffith&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=489&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Environmental monitoring; Agriculture; Mining; Zoobenthos; Community structure; Environmental stress; Macrofauna; Streams; Invertebrata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Multimedia Issue: Methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) AN - 18079840; 5126585 AB - Methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) is a multimedia issue, affecting both air and water quality. Since the 1990s MTBE has been an effective tool in helping to reduce vehicle emissions and clean the nation's air. MTBE is providing clean air benefits; however, it is also being found in drinking water supplies throughout the country. The causes of this contamination are often associated with leaking underground storage tanks (UST) and spills. The majority of MTBE detections are at low levels, although contamination at high concentrations does occur. MTBE's presence in the environment at any level, and the resulting public concern, has brought up the issue of how to keep the clean air benefits of MTBE while preventing the potential threats to drinking water supplies. As a result, numerous state, local, and federal governments are taking action to address this contaminant. JF - LakeLine AU - Sakata, R AD - U.S. EPA, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, Mail Code 4607, Washington, DC 20460, USA, Sakata.Rachel@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 18 EP - 20 VL - 20 IS - 4 SN - 0743-7978, 0743-7978 KW - MTBE KW - methyl tertiary butyl ether KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Air Pollution KW - Water Pollution KW - Leakage KW - Water Pollution Sources KW - Administrative Decisions KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Government policies KW - Underground Storage KW - Water pollution KW - Air pollution KW - Water Pollution Control KW - Underground storage tanks KW - Drinking Water KW - Petroleum KW - Oil Spills KW - Contaminants KW - Drinking water KW - Multiobjective Planning KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18079840?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LakeLine&rft.atitle=A+Multimedia+Issue%3A+Methyl+tertiary+butyl+ether+%28MTBE%29&rft.au=Sakata%2C+R&rft.aulast=Sakata&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LakeLine&rft.issn=07437978&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Underground storage tanks; Hydrocarbons; Petroleum; Government policies; Drinking water; Contaminants; Water pollution; Air Pollution; Water Pollution Control; Water Pollution; Leakage; Drinking Water; Administrative Decisions; Water Pollution Sources; Underground Storage; Oil Spills; Multiobjective Planning ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Historical Monitoring of Biomarkers of PAH Exposure of Brown Bullhead in the Remediated Black River and the Cuyahoga River, Ohio AN - 18079434; 5160091 AB - Biomarkers of exposure to chemical contamination, benzo[a]pyrene (BAP)- and naphthalene (NAPH)-type metabolites, were measured in brown bullhead from a heavily polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contaminated section of the Black River, Ohio, during and immediately after remedial sediment dredging in 1990-1991, and in follow-up revisits in 1993 and 1998. Biomarker levels of bullhead from the historically polluted Cuyahoga River and the protected Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Sanctuary in Ohio were also measured over the same time periods. PAH-bile metabolite concentrations of bullheads from the Black River were still elevated in the year following dredging, but were significantly lower in the later resampling years. Metabolite concentrations of Cuyahoga River bullhead decreased significantly between 1991 and 1993, possibly in response to the shutdown of coking operations on the river. Fish from Old Woman Creek showed some variation in metabolite concentrations among periods, but were consistently lower than the other two rivers at each time. Measurement of bile metabolites proved an effective tool for estimating changes in exposure over time and among sampling sites. Trends in biomarkers indicated lowered exposures in the Black and Cuyahoga Rivers. These findings are likely a result of remediation activities in the Black River and source reduction and incidental sediment displacement in the Cuyahoga River. JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Lin, ELC AU - Neiheisel, T W AU - Flotemersch, J AU - Subramanian, B AU - Williams, DE AU - Millward, M R AU - Cormier, S M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA, lin.edith@epa.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 191 EP - 198 VL - 27 IS - 2 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - Brown bullhead KW - USA, Ohio KW - USA, Ohio, Black R. KW - USA, Ohio, Cuyahoga R. KW - biomarkers KW - brown bullhead KW - historical account KW - Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water Pollution KW - Historical account KW - Estuarine Environment KW - Metabolites KW - Pisces KW - Bullhead KW - Chemical pollution KW - Bioindicators KW - Rivers KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Biological Sampling KW - Geochemistry KW - Naphthalene KW - Water pollution KW - Ameiurus nebulosus KW - Bile KW - Remediation KW - Dredging KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - Monitoring KW - Ictalurus nebulosus KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18079434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Historical+Monitoring+of+Biomarkers+of+PAH+Exposure+of+Brown+Bullhead+in+the+Remediated+Black+River+and+the+Cuyahoga+River%2C+Ohio&rft.au=Lin%2C+ELC%3BNeiheisel%2C+T+W%3BFlotemersch%2C+J%3BSubramanian%2C+B%3BWilliams%2C+DE%3BMillward%2C+M+R%3BCormier%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=ELC&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Bile; Naphthalene; Benzo(a)pyrene; Chemical pollution; Water pollution; Bioindicators; Historical account; Remediation; Dredging; Metabolites; Water Pollution; Estuarine Environment; Hydrocarbons; Biological Sampling; Geochemistry; Bullhead; Monitoring; Pisces; Ameiurus nebulosus; Ictalurus nebulosus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stable nitrogen isotopes as indicators of anthropogenic activities in small freshwater systems. AN - 18076058; 5147137 AB - Stable nitrogen isotope ratios ( delta super(15)N) were measured in fish, mussel, and sediment samples taken from 17 small freshwater sites to examine food chain length and trophic position across sites affected by differing levels of anthropogenic activity. Both shoreline development and fish species composition varied greatly among sites, and a range of up to 11.2% was found for the delta super(15)N values of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Fish delta super(15)N values were baseline corrected using unionid mussel (Elliptio complanata) delta super(15)N values. Predators, such as largemouth bass and chain pickerel (Esox niger), exhibited normalized delta super(15)N values that were less variable than those of benthic-feeding fishes. Relationships between delta super(15)N and dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations indicated that delta super(15)N was a valid descriptor of eutrophication at sites with low dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations. The fraction of residential land in buffer zones surrounding sites was correlated with fish delta super(15)N, indicating that urban development, and presumably human wastewater, resulted in elevated delta super(15)N values in these small freshwater systems. JF - Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci./J. Can. Sci. Halieut. Aquat. AU - Lake, J L AU - McKinney, R A AU - Osterman, F A AU - Pruell, R J AU - Kiddon, J AU - Ryba, SA AU - Libby, AD AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA, lake.jim@epa.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 870 EP - 878 VL - 58 IS - 5 SN - 0706-652X, 0706-652X KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Food chains KW - USA, Rhode Island KW - Micropterus salmoides KW - Urbanization KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Dissolved organic nitrogen KW - Man-induced effects KW - Check lists KW - Nitrogen isotopes KW - Freshwater KW - Trophic relationships KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18076058?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Can.+J.+Fish.+Aquat.+Sci.%2FJ.+Can.+Sci.+Halieut.+Aquat.&rft.atitle=Stable+nitrogen+isotopes+as+indicators+of+anthropogenic+activities+in+small+freshwater+systems.&rft.au=Lake%2C+J+L%3BMcKinney%2C+R+A%3BOsterman%2C+F+A%3BPruell%2C+R+J%3BKiddon%2C+J%3BRyba%2C+SA%3BLibby%2C+AD&rft.aulast=Lake&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=870&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Can.+J.+Fish.+Aquat.+Sci.%2FJ.+Can.+Sci.+Halieut.+Aquat.&rft.issn=0706652X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Food chains; Urbanization; Dissolved organic nitrogen; Anthropogenic factors; Check lists; Man-induced effects; Nitrogen isotopes; Trophic relationships; Micropterus salmoides; USA, Rhode Island; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Accumulation of metals in vegetation from an alkaline artificial soil AN - 18073100; 5118765 AB - This research was conducted to determine whether elevated concentrations of metals in biosolids would result in increased accumulation of these metals in plants growing on an alkaline, artificial soil created by addition of municipal sewage biosolids to inorganic waste materials during reclamation of a filled lime settling basin. Accumulation of metals in vegetation growing on this alkaline, artificial soil was compared with accumulation in vegetation growing on a natural, reference soil that had not been amended by biosolids. Although the concentrations of Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, Ag, and Zn were greater in the artificial soil than in the reference soil, only Cd was found at greater concentrations in vegetation growing on the artificial soil. These greater concentrations were only observed in wheat grass (Agropyron sp.), and not in orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata L.). Also, the accumulation ratio, which is the ratio of the metal concentration in plant tissue to that in the soil, for wheat grass was much lower than other published values. There were no differences in the concentrations of Ba and Pb in the two soils, but the concentrations of these two metals in orchard grass growing on the reference soil were greater than that in either grass on the artificial soil. The differences in plant uptake of metals appear to result from differences in soil pH between the artificial and reference soils. Many metals are generally more soluble and bioavailable at the lower pH of the reference soil (pH = 5.4-6.6) than at the higher pH of the artificial soil (pH = 7.8-8.2). As a result, transfer of metals to vegetation growing on the alkaline, artificial soil is less than that in vegetation growing on the reference soil despite the greater concentrations of metals in the artificial soil. JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering AU - Griffith, M B AU - Super, K S AU - Lynch, W AU - Fishman, B E AD - Oak Ridge Institute of Research and Education, c/o U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 49 EP - 61 VL - A36 IS - 1 SN - 1093-4529, 1093-4529 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Grasses KW - Heavy metals KW - Agropyron KW - Vegetation KW - Soil KW - Dactylis glomerata KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Plants KW - pH KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18073100?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+A%3A+Toxic%2FHazardous+Substances+%26+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Accumulation+of+metals+in+vegetation+from+an+alkaline+artificial+soil&rft.au=Griffith%2C+M+B%3BSuper%2C+K+S%3BLynch%2C+W%3BFishman%2C+B+E&rft.aulast=Griffith&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=A36&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+A%3A+Toxic%2FHazardous+Substances+%26+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=10934529&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Dactylis glomerata; Agropyron; Vegetation; Plants; Heavy metals; Bioaccumulation; Grasses; pH; Soil ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A review of statistical methods for the meteorological adjustment of tropospheric ozone AN - 18072767; 5117678 AB - A variety of statistical methods for meteorological adjustment of ozone have been proposed in the literature over the last decade for purposes of forecasting, estimating ozone time trends, or investigating underlying mechanisms from an empirical perspective. The methods can be broadly classified into regression, extreme value, and space-time methods. We present a critical review of these methods, beginning with a summary of what meteorological and ozone monitoring data have been considered and how they have been used for statistical analysis. We give particular attention to the question of trend estimation, and compare selected methods in an application to ozone time series from the Chicago area. We conclude that a number of approaches make useful contributions to the field, but that no one method is most appropriate for all purposes and all meteorological scenarios. Methodological issues such as the need for regional-scale analysis, the nonlinear dependence of ozone on meteorology, and extreme value analysis for trends are addressed. A comprehensive and reliable methodology for space-time extreme value analysis is attractive but lacking. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Thompson, M L AU - Reynolds, J AU - Cox, L H AU - Guttorp, P AU - Sampson, P D AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory (MD-75), United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, cox.larry@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 617 EP - 630 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 35 IS - 3 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - USA, Illinois, Chicago KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Statistical analysis KW - Troposphere KW - Meteorology KW - Ozone KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18072767?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=A+review+of+statistical+methods+for+the+meteorological+adjustment+of+tropospheric+ozone&rft.au=Thompson%2C+M+L%3BReynolds%2C+J%3BCox%2C+L+H%3BGuttorp%2C+P%3BSampson%2C+P+D&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=617&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ozone; Meteorology; Statistical analysis; Troposphere; Atmospheric chemistry ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fish-Mediated Nutrient and Energy Exchange between a Lake Superior Coastal Wetland and its Adjacent Bay AN - 18070689; 5113867 AB - Little has been done to quantify fluxes of organisms, nutrients, and energy between freshwater coastal habitats and adjacent offshore waters or to evaluate the ecological implications of these exchanges on a whole-lake basis. To test the hypothesis that fish-mediated transport might play an important role in the flux of nutrients and energy between coastal wetlands and adjacent lake waters, net carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and energy fluxes were estimated in forage fish between a Lake Superior coastal wetland and an adjacent bay. This was accomplished by sampling fish at the inlet/outlet of Bark Bay Slough for 1 week per ice-free month in 1995. Average carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus content of the 20 species analyzed was 45.1, 11.3, and 2.45% of dry-weight, respectively. Estimates of organism, nutrient, and energy movement revealed a net export from the slough to the adjacent Bark Bay, due largely to emigration of YOY yellow perch, Perca flavescens (> 40,000 individuals), YOY northern pike, Esox lucius (> 600 individuals), and yearling emerald shiner, Notropis atherinoides (> 8,000 individuals) in June and July, and YOY brown bullhead, Ameiurus nebulosus (> 500 individuals) in October. Since these fish movements resulted in relatively small fluxes of nutrients (1,376 g carbon, 335 g nitrogen, 73 g phosphorus) and energy (65,100 kJ) from the wetland to the lake, the most significant influence of forage fish emigration on Lake Superior may be through subsequent trophic interactions in nearshore habitats. However, assessment of the significance of the nutrient and energy results awaits a more complete budget for these ecosystems. JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Brazner, J C AU - Tanner, D K AU - Morrice, JA AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, Minnesota 55804, USA, brazner.john@epa.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 98 EP - 111 VL - 27 IS - 1 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - North America, Great Lakes KW - North America, Superior L. KW - Northern pike KW - USA, Minnesota KW - Yellow perch KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Emigration KW - Ecosystems KW - Coastal environments KW - Bioenergetics KW - Perca flavescens KW - Phosphorus KW - Nutrients KW - Freshwater KW - Pisces KW - Perch KW - Lakes KW - Carbon KW - Nutrient flow KW - Bullhead KW - Wetlands KW - Transport processes KW - Food webs KW - Bays KW - Energy Transfer KW - Coastal waters KW - Energy flow KW - Pike KW - Esox lucius KW - Nutrients (mineral) KW - Nitrogen KW - Fish Migration KW - Q1 08482:Ecosystems and energetics KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - D 04200:Wetlands KW - D 04300:Aquatic ecosystems - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18070689?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Fish-Mediated+Nutrient+and+Energy+Exchange+between+a+Lake+Superior+Coastal+Wetland+and+its+Adjacent+Bay&rft.au=Brazner%2C+J+C%3BTanner%2C+D+K%3BMorrice%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Brazner&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=98&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioenergetics; Wetlands; Nutrients (mineral); Transport processes; Coastal waters; Food webs; Lakes; Energy flow; Emigration; Coastal environments; Nutrient flow; Energy Transfer; Ecosystems; Phosphorus; Nutrients; Perch; Carbon; Pike; Bullhead; Bays; Fish Migration; Nitrogen; Pisces; Perca flavescens; Esox lucius; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ribbed mussel nitrogen isotope signatures reflect nitrogen sources in coastal salt marshes AN - 18068855; 4874152 AB - The stable nitrogen isotope ratio in tissue of the ribbed mussel (Geukensia demissa) was investigated as an indicator of the source of nitrogen inputs to coastal salt marshes. Initially, mussels were fed a diet of super(15)N-enriched algae in the laboratory to determine how the tissue nitrogen isotope ratio ( delta super(15)N) changed with time. Steady-state times were calculated and found to be size dependent, ranging from 206 to 397 d. This indicated that mussels are long-term integrators of delta super(15)N from their diet and may reflect nitrogen inputs to a marsh. Next, indigenous mussels were collected from 10 marshes with similar hydrology and geomorphology in Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island, USA, and mussel delta super(15)N values were evaluated as indicators of nitrogen source. Significant positive correlations were observed between delta super(15)N in mussels and the fraction of residential development in the marsh watersheds. In contrast, mussel isotope ratios showed significant negative correlations with the fraction of combined agricultural and recreational land use. These correlations suggested that the mussel nitrogen isotope signature is influenced by nitrogen derived from human activities in the adjoining marsh watershed. A more detailed examination of these relationships indicated that land use practices in close proximity to marshes and estuarine characteristics may also influence the observed nitrogen isotope signature. A simple, empirical model based on the 10 watersheds was developed to predict mussel delta super(15)N from land use characteristics. The predictive ability of the model was tested with data from 12 additional marshes having similar geomorphology as the original 10, but differing in hydrology and mode of nutrient input. The model showed that ribbed mussel nitrogen isotope signatures may provide information on the source of nitrogen to coastal areas. This could be of use in developing general policies or strategies for monitoring and assessing coastal eutrophication. In addition, the isotopic ratio of mussels is useful as a proxy for watershed land use practices when assessing ecological responses to nutrient enrichment in coastal marshes. JF - Ecological Applications AU - McKinney, R A AU - Nelson, W G AU - Wigand, C AU - Charpentier, MA AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Atlantic Ecology Division, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 203 EP - 214 VL - 11 IS - 1 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - Nitrogen KW - Ribbed mussel KW - USA, Rhode Island KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Geukensia demissa KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Salt Marshes KW - Isotopes KW - Mathematical models KW - Eutrophication KW - Land use KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Salt marshes KW - ANW, USA, Rhode Island, Narragansett Bay KW - Nutrient sources KW - Nitrogen isotopes KW - Pollution indicators KW - D 04801:Pollution monitoring and detection KW - Q1 08266:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - SW 0890:Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18068855?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=Ribbed+mussel+nitrogen+isotope+signatures+reflect+nitrogen+sources+in+coastal+salt+marshes&rft.au=McKinney%2C+R+A%3BNelson%2C+W+G%3BWigand%2C+C%3BCharpentier%2C+MA&rft.aulast=McKinney&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mathematical models; Bioaccumulation; Eutrophication; Nitrogen isotopes; Pollution indicators; Land use; Pollution monitoring; Isotopes; Salt marshes; Nutrient sources; Salt Marshes; Geukensia demissa; ANW, USA, Rhode Island, Narragansett Bay ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enantiomeric Composition of Chiral Polychlorinated Biphenyl Atropisomers in Aquatic Bed Sediment AN - 18011255; 4847786 AB - Enantiomeric ratios (ERs) for eight polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) atropisomers were measured in aquatic sediment from selected sites throughout the United States by using chiral gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Nonracemic ERs for PCBs 91, 95, 132, 136, 149, 174, and 176 were found in sediment cores from Lake Hartwell, SC, which confirmed previous inconclusive reports of reductive dechlorination of PCBs at these sites on the basis of achiral measurements. Nonracemic ERs for many of the atropisomers were also found in bed-sediment samples from the Hudson and Housatonic Rivers, thus indicating that some of the PCB biotransformation processes identified at these sites are enantioselective. Patterns in ERs among congeners were consistent with known reductive dechlorination patterns at both river sediment basins. The enantioselectivity of PCB 91 is reversed between the Hudson and Housatonic River sites, which implies that the two sites have different PCB biotransformation processes with different enantiomer preferences. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Wong, C S AU - Garrison, A W AU - Foreman, W T AD - Ecosystems Research Division, National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, GA 30605, USA, garrison.wayne@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/01// PY - 2001 DA - Jan 2001 SP - 33 EP - 39 VL - 35 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - USA, Housatonic R. KW - USA, New York, Hudson R. KW - USA, South Carolina, Hartwell L. KW - enantiomeric ratios KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - Chemical Analysis KW - Mass spectrometry KW - Molecules KW - Polychlorinated biphenyls KW - Biotransformation KW - Gas chromatography KW - Pollutant persistence KW - Sediment Contamination KW - PCB compounds KW - PCB KW - Freshwater pollution KW - Pollutant Identification KW - Molecular Structure KW - Chemical analysis (see also Individual techniques) KW - Sediment pollution KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Contaminated sediments KW - Aquatic environment KW - USA KW - Analytical Methods KW - Chemical properties KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18011255?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Enantiomeric+Composition+of+Chiral+Polychlorinated+Biphenyl+Atropisomers+in+Aquatic+Bed+Sediment&rft.au=Wong%2C+C+S%3BGarrison%2C+A+W%3BForeman%2C+W+T&rft.aulast=Wong&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment pollution; Pollutant persistence; Chemical properties; PCB; Gas chromatography; Mass spectrometry; PCB compounds; Aquatic environment; Freshwater pollution; Chemical analysis (see also Individual techniques); Polychlorinated biphenyls; Biogeochemistry; Biotransformation; Molecules; Contaminated sediments; Molecular Structure; Pollutant Identification; Analytical Methods; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Chemical Analysis; Sediment Contamination; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A table of color distance scores for quantitative scoring of the Lanthony Desaturate color vision test AN - 17929726; 5161867 AB - The Lanthony Desaturate Panel D-15 (D-15d) color vision test is used in neurotoxicological testing to assess acquired color vision deficits. The original test design included a qualitative scoring method. Quantitative scoring requires mapping the colored objects used in the test into a color space describing perceptual distances. A table of these distances has previously been published for the saturated version of this color vision test, but not the desaturate test. This communication includes a table of color distances for the calculation of Bowman's Total Color Distance Score (TCDS) for the D-15d. This table should be useful for non-computerized scoring under field test conditions or for devising one's own computerized scoring methods using the tabulated color distances for a look-up table. Data analysis programs using SAS or Matlab are available from the author. JF - Neurotoxicology and Teratology AU - Geller, A M AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, MD 74B, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 265 EP - 267 VL - 23 IS - 3 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - man KW - tests KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Visual deprivation KW - Color vision KW - Computer applications KW - Toxicity testing KW - N3 11015:Visual systems (retinal and central) KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17929726?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.atitle=A+table+of+color+distance+scores+for+quantitative+scoring+of+the+Lanthony+Desaturate+color+vision+test&rft.au=Geller%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Geller&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=265&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Toxicity testing; Color vision; Computer applications; Visual deprivation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - super(14)C methanol incorporation into DNA and proteins of organogenesis stage mouse embryos in vitro AN - 17906522; 5176022 AB - Methanol (MeOH), a widely used industrial solvent and alternative motor fuel, has been shown to be mutagenic and teratogenic. We have demonstrated that methanol is teratogenic in mice in vivo and causes dysmorphogenesis in cultured organogenesis stage mouse embryos. Although MeOH is a product of endogenous metabolism in the gut and can be found in humans following consumption of various foods, elevated levels of methanol could lead to methylation of cellular macromolecules. DNA methylation has been demonstrated to suppress transcription of fetal genes and may also play an important role in genetic imprinting. Embryonal proteins are also potential targets for methanol-induced methylation. We investigated the potential of administered methanol to incorporate into and/or alter the methylation of embryonal DNA or to affect specific protein methylation. Gestational day 8 CD-1 mouse embryos were grown for 24 h in culture medium (CM) with 0, 4, or 8 mg MeOH + 20 mu Ci super(14)C-MeOH/mL. At the end of the culture period, yolk sacs and embryos were separated for each treatment group. The DNA was purified by cesium chloride gradient centrifugation in the presence of ethidium bromide and super(14)C incorporation was determined. Methylation of a selected gene, Hoxc-8, was assessed by using methylation-specific restriction enzymes. The super(14)C activity was found superimposed over the DNA-containing fraction, indicating incorporation. DNA from embryos treated with 4 mg MeOH/mL CM gave the highest incorporation of super(14)C-MeOH (8 mg/mL was growth inhibiting). Methylation of Hoxc-8 appeared to be increased in embryos treated with 4 mg MeOH/mL CM, but not in embryos treated with 8 mg MeOH/mL. Lack of incorporation of methylation at the higher concentration may be due to the failure of embryos to grow at this concentration of MeOH. The incorporation of super(14)C-MeOH into embryo proteins was investigated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and autoradiography. Incorporation of super(14)C-MeOH into specific proteins was observed but the labeling specificity was not methanol dose-related. These results indicate that methyl groups from super(14)C-MeOH are incorporated into mouse embryo DNA and protein. Our results further suggest that methanol exposure may increase genomic methylation under certain conditions which could lead to altered gene expression. JF - Reproductive Toxicology AU - Huang, Y S AU - Held, G A AU - Andrews, JE AU - Rogers, J M AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, andrews.james@epa.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 429 EP - 435 VL - 15 IS - 4 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Hoxc-8 gene KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Organogenesis KW - Methanol KW - DNA KW - Autoradiography KW - Methylation KW - X 24155:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17906522?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.atitle=super%2814%29C+methanol+incorporation+into+DNA+and+proteins+of+organogenesis+stage+mouse+embryos+in+vitro&rft.au=Huang%2C+Y+S%3BHeld%2C+G+A%3BAndrews%2C+JE%3BRogers%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=429&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Methanol; Organogenesis; DNA; Methylation; Autoradiography ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Outdoor background ELF magnetic fields in an urban environment AN - 17886432; 5136639 AB - Classification of 'exposed/non-exposed' subjects in epidemiological studies concerning the possible cancer risk associated with ELF magnetic field exposure is based on the a priori assumption of magnetic field value cut-off points that, often, are defined equal to minimum exposure levels typical of a population residing near high voltage facilities (0.1-0.2 mu T), but in some cases an environmental magnetic field level not associated with transmission lines can exist. The results of an ELF magnetic field survey in an Italian urban area (about 1 million inhabitants) are presented: average field levels are correlated with population density of different districts. Exposure indexes are obtained, which are compared with those evaluated in studies regarding domestic exposure: background average levels result in comparable to cut-off points in epidemiological studies, but in some districts with high population density, they are much higher. This shows that knowledge of background magnetic field level in urban areas can assume a significant role in exposure assessment. JF - Radiation Protection Dosimetry AU - d'Amore, G AU - Anglesio, L AU - Tasso, M AU - Benedetto, A AU - Roletti, S AD - Regional Environmental Protection Agency, ARPA Piemonte, Department of Ivrea Via Jervis 30, 10015 Ivrea (TO), Italy, arpaivrea2@eponet.it Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 375 EP - 380 VL - 94 IS - 4 SN - 4144-8420, 4144-8420 KW - magnetic fields KW - population density KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Cancer KW - Public health KW - Urban areas KW - R2 23020:Technological risks KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17886432?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.atitle=Outdoor+background+ELF+magnetic+fields+in+an+urban+environment&rft.au=d%27Amore%2C+G%3BAnglesio%2C+L%3BTasso%2C+M%3BBenedetto%2C+A%3BRoletti%2C+S&rft.aulast=d%27Amore&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=94&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=375&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.issn=41448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Public health; Urban areas; Cancer ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Managing Data for the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program AN - 17879572; 5334612 AB - How healthy are our marine environments? Are our actions to keep them healthy or to restore them to health doing any good? Are we directing our efforts in the most effective way? We cannot begin to answer these questions without both historic and recent data from these coastal ecosystems. This is why the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) set up the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP), a cooperative venture with other federal and state agencies. As the agency responsible for the Clean Water Act, EPA would like to know if the millions of dollars spent on implementing the Act have been effective and where there are still problems that need more attention. JF - Maritimes AU - Hale, S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, USA Y1 - 2001///0, PY - 2001 DA - 0, 2001 SP - 14 EP - 16 VL - 43 IS - 2 SN - 0025-3472, 0025-3472 KW - Clean Water Act KW - EMAP KW - EPA KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Marine KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Policies KW - Data processing KW - Coastal waters KW - Pollution legislation KW - Environmental protection KW - USA KW - Coastal zone KW - Marine pollution KW - Marine environment KW - Regional planning KW - Governments KW - Data acquisition KW - National planning KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17879572?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Maritimes&rft.atitle=Managing+Data+for+the+Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment+Program&rft.au=Hale%2C+S&rft.aulast=Hale&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Maritimes&rft.issn=00253472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental monitoring; Pollution monitoring; Policies; Data processing; Pollution legislation; Coastal waters; Environmental protection; Coastal zone; Marine pollution; Marine environment; Regional planning; Governments; National planning; Data acquisition; USA; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors Associated with Fish Modify Life History Traits of the Cladoceran Ceriodaphnia cf. dubia AN - 17877778; 5121433 AB - This study examined the effect of water that previously contained fish on several life history traits of the small-bodied cladoceran Ceriodaphina cf. dubia. Four fish density treatments were tested (i.e. 16.7, 5.9, 2 and 0.9 1 fish-(1) super(-1)). A significant (P 0.05) cladoceran survival. The observed effects are ascribed to the presence of unidentified substances in the water that previously contained fish. These substances are thought to be 'fish kairomones'. While life history changes occur in the laboratory, it remains unclear whether similar changes would occur in the field. JF - Journal of Plankton Research AU - Rose, R M AU - Warne AU - Lim, R P AD - EPA/UTS Centre for Ecotoxicology, Westbourne Street, Gore Hill, NSW 2065, Australia Y1 - 2001/01// PY - 2001 DA - Jan 2001 SP - 11 EP - 17 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals VL - 23 IS - 1 SN - 0142-7873, 0142-7873 KW - kairomones KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Zooplankton KW - Population density KW - Predators KW - Freshwater KW - Pisces KW - Ceriodaphnia dubia KW - Chemical stimuli KW - Life history KW - Predator prey interactions KW - Ceriodaphina dubia KW - Reproduction KW - Kairomones KW - Q1 08483:Species interactions: general KW - D 04665:Crustaceans KW - Q1 08284:Reproduction and development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17877778?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Plankton+Research&rft.atitle=Factors+Associated+with+Fish+Modify+Life+History+Traits+of+the+Cladoceran+Ceriodaphnia+cf.+dubia&rft.au=Rose%2C+R+M%3BWarne%3BLim%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Rose&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Plankton+Research&rft.issn=01427873&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemical stimuli; Life history; Predator prey interactions; Zooplankton; Population density; Reproduction; Predators; Kairomones; Pisces; Ceriodaphnia dubia; Ceriodaphina dubia; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An Interagency Approach to Managing Cost and Performance Data for Site Remediation AN - 17865369; 5108096 AB - The Federal Remediation Technologies Roundtable, an interagency working group, was created to build a more collaborative atmosphere among federal agencies involved in the remediation of hazardous waste sites. A major initiative of the Roundtable is to improve the type and availability of cost and performance data about remediation technologies. To date, the Roundtable has published 140 case studies, available on-line at http://www.frtr.gov/cost, that document full-scale and demonstration-scale projects, covering in-situ and ex-situ technology applications for soil, groundwater, and solid media. This article provides an overview of the Roundtabte's current inventory of case studies, overall approach to data management, standard reporting procedures, and observations and lessons learned. JF - Remediation AU - Weisman, R J AU - Kingscott, J AD - EPA's Technology Innovation Office Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 75 EP - 88 VL - 11 IS - 2 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - Site remediation KW - Hazardous waste KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Human Population; Pollution Abstracts KW - Environmental degradation KW - Environmental economics KW - Pollution clean-up KW - Cost-benefit analysis KW - Waste disposal sites KW - In situ KW - Land reclamation KW - Federal programs KW - Soil pollution KW - USA KW - Remediation KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Environmental restoration KW - Hazardous wastes KW - M1 320:Environmental & Natural Resource Development KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17865369?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation&rft.atitle=An+Interagency+Approach+to+Managing+Cost+and+Performance+Data+for+Site+Remediation&rft.au=Weisman%2C+R+J%3BKingscott%2C+J&rft.aulast=Weisman&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; Waste disposal sites; Hazardous wastes; Remediation; Federal programs; Environmental economics; Land reclamation; Environmental restoration; In situ; Cost-benefit analysis; Pollution clean-up; Environmental degradation; Soil pollution; Groundwater pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing ecosystem integrity of restored prairie wetlands from species production-diversity relationships AN - 17847099; 4879366 AB - We assessed ecosystem integrity in restored prairie wetlands in eastern South Dakota, U.S.A., by examining the relationship between and diatom diversity and production. We asked three questions: (1) Is production related to species diversity? (2) Can production-diversity relationships be used to distinguish between restored and reference wetlands with the purpose of assessing ecological integrity? (3) Are production-diversity relationships influenced by species composition? Eight undisturbed, unrestored wetlands were chosen as references to compare to eight wetlands restored after drainage. Diatoms were collected from artificial substrates that allowed communities to be transplanted from restored to reference wetlands and visa versa. Production was measured as total cell biovolume and diversity as species richness. Neither diversity nor production alone differed between restored and reference wetlands. However, production was negatively related to diversity at restored wetlands, whereas production at reference wetlands was not. Communities transplanted from reference to restored wetlands exhibited a production-diversity relationship like that observed among control samples in restored wetlands. Likewise, communities transplanted from restored to reference wetlands apparently lost any such relationship after they were relocated. Production was dependent on species composition. Furthermore, production of some species differed by restored and reference wetland type. The negative relationship observed between diversity and production was strongly influenced by Rhopalodia gibba and Epithemia species, suggesting that these species were superior competitors under the conditions found in some restored wetlands. We consider restored wetlands displaying the highest production:diversity ratio to be the most impaired sites, based on the extreme deviation from reference wetlands. We conclude that the relationships between diversity and production provided a rapid measure of restored wetland integrity with respect to baseline conditions observed in reference sites. JF - Hydrobiologia AU - Mayer, P M AU - Galatowitsch, S M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, 919 Kerr Research Drive, Ada, OK 74820, USA, mayer.paul@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/01// PY - 2001 DA - Jan 2001 SP - 177 EP - 185 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 443 IS - 1-3 SN - 0018-8158, 0018-8158 KW - USA, South Dakota KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Ecosystems KW - Epithemia KW - Bacillariophyceae KW - Biological diversity KW - Diatoms KW - Species Diversity KW - Primary production KW - Restoration KW - Ecology KW - Prairies KW - Ecosystem management KW - Wetlands KW - Rhopalodia gibba KW - Community composition KW - Species diversity KW - Environmental restoration KW - Environmental management KW - Productivity KW - Environment management KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - Q1 08461:Plankton KW - SW 0810:General KW - D 04705:Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17847099?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrobiologia&rft.atitle=Assessing+ecosystem+integrity+of+restored+prairie+wetlands+from+species+production-diversity+relationships&rft.au=Mayer%2C+P+M%3BGalatowitsch%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Mayer&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=443&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrobiologia&rft.issn=00188158&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Community composition; Species diversity; Ecosystem management; Wetlands; Primary production; Environment management; Restoration; Prairies; Diatoms; Biological diversity; Environmental restoration; Productivity; Ecology; Environmental management; Ecosystems; Species Diversity; Epithemia; Bacillariophyceae; Rhopalodia gibba ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Technical Change and Measuring Pollution Abatement Costs: An Activity Analysis Framework AN - 17845007; 4879532 AB - The cornerstones of studies that estimate the effect of environmental regulations on an economy are estimates of the pollution abatement costs incurred by the manufacturing and electric utility sectors. However, there are concerns regarding the accuracy of the surveys used to generate these cost estimates. This paper demonstrates that technical change tends to result in an increasing share of pollution abatement costs being impossible to measure. This finding has important implications for estimating the productivity effects of environmental regulations, developing regulatory budgets, and data collection efforts related to environmental accounting. JF - Environmental & Resource Economics AU - Pasurka, Jr CA AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2172), Economy and Environment Division, 401 M Street, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20460, USA, pasurka.carl@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/01// PY - 2001 DA - Jan 2001 SP - 61 EP - 85 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 18 IS - 1 SN - 0924-6460, 0924-6460 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Environmental accounting KW - Economics KW - Industrial pollution KW - Technology KW - Pollution control KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17845007?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+%26+Resource+Economics&rft.atitle=Technical+Change+and+Measuring+Pollution+Abatement+Costs%3A+An+Activity+Analysis+Framework&rft.au=Pasurka%2C+Jr+CA&rft.aulast=Pasurka&rft.aufirst=Jr&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+%26+Resource+Economics&rft.issn=09246460&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Industrial pollution; Pollution control; Economics; Environmental accounting; Technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toward a Biologically Based Dose-Response Model for Developmental Toxicity of 5-Fluorouracil in the Rat: Acquisition of Experimental Data AN - 17835357; 4868934 AB - Biologically based dose-response (BBDR) models represent an emerging approach to improving the current practice of human health-risk assessment. The concept of BBDR modeling is to incorporate mechanistic information about a chemical that is relevant to the expression of its toxicity into descriptive mathematical terms, thereby providing a quantitative model that will enhance the ability for low-dose and cross-species extrapolation. Construction of a BBDR model for developmental toxicity is particularly complicated by the multitude of possible mechanisms. Thus, a few model assumptions were made. The current study illustrates the processes involved in selecting the relevant information for BBDR modeling, using an established developmental toxicant, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), as a prototypic example. The primary BBDR model for 5-FU is based on inhibition of thymidylate synthetase (TS) and resultant changes in nucleotide pools, DNA synthesis, cell-cycle progression, and somatic growth. A single subcutaneous injection of 5-FU at doses ranging from 1 to 40 mg/kg was given to pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats at gestational day 14; controls received saline. 5-FU was absorbed rapidly into the maternal circulation, and AUC estimates were linear with administered doses. We found metabolites of 5-FU directly incorporated into embryonic nucleic acids, although the levels of incorporation were low and lacked correlation with administered doses. On the other hand, 5-FU produced dose-dependent inhibition of thymidylate synthetase in the whole embryo, and recovery from enzyme inhibition was also related to the administered dose. As a consequence of TS inhibition, embryonic dTTP and dGTP were markedly reduced, while dCTP was profoundly elevated, perhaps due to feedback regulation of intracellular nucleotide pools. The total contents of embryonic macromolecules (DNA and protein) were also reduced, most notably at the high doses. Correspondingly, dose-related reductions of fetal weight were seen as early as GD 15, and these deficits persisted for the remainder of gestation. These detailed dose-response parameters involved in the expression of 5-FU developmental toxicity were incorporated into mathematical terms for BBDR modeling. Such quantitative models should be instrumental to the improvement of high-to-low dose and cross-species extrapolation in health-risk assessment. JF - Toxicological Sciences AU - Lau, C AU - Mole, M L AU - Copeland, M F AU - Rogers, J M AU - Kavlock, R J AU - Shuey, D L AU - Cameron, A M AU - Ellis, D H AU - Logsdon, T R AU - Merriman, J AU - Setzer, R W AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 2001/01// PY - 2001 DA - Jan 2001 SP - 37 EP - 48 VL - 59 IS - 1 SN - 1096-6080, 1096-6080 KW - rats KW - dose-response effects KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - 5-Fluorouracil KW - Animal models KW - Teratogenicity KW - Toxicity testing KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17835357?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Toward+a+Biologically+Based+Dose-Response+Model+for+Developmental+Toxicity+of+5-Fluorouracil+in+the+Rat%3A+Acquisition+of+Experimental+Data&rft.au=Lau%2C+C%3BMole%2C+M+L%3BCopeland%2C+M+F%3BRogers%2C+J+M%3BKavlock%2C+R+J%3BShuey%2C+D+L%3BCameron%2C+A+M%3BEllis%2C+D+H%3BLogsdon%2C+T+R%3BMerriman%2C+J%3BSetzer%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Lau&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.issn=10966080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Toxicity testing; Animal models; Teratogenicity; 5-Fluorouracil ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Delayed ovulation and pregnancy outcome: effect of environmental toxicants on the neuroendocrine control of the ovary AN - 17834663; 4870020 AB - In the female rat, we have shown that a burst exposure to environmental toxicants known to alter noradrenergic function will block the ovulatory surge of LH when administered during a sensitive period on the day of vaginal proestrus. Such treatments will delay ovulation by 24 h and affect embryo survival. These results demonstrate clearly that brief, appropriately timed, toxicant exposure can initiate a cascade of changes that can alter reproductive outcome. However, we also found that continued exposure to the same compound is without an apparent influence on the reproductive capacity of the female, indicating that the female can become tolerant to such adverse reproductive effects. These observations raise a number of questions concerning the approaches currently used to examine potential reproductive toxicants. In this review, we describe the consequences of appropriately timed exposures to chlordimeform and dithiocarbamates on the timing of ovulation and subsequent alterations in pregnancy outcome. We also review the available literature on phenobarbital delays in ovulation and oocyte function in the rodent and the relevance to ovulatory delays in the human. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology AU - Stoker, TE AU - Goldman, J M AU - Cooper, R L AD - Gamete and Early Embryo Biology Branch, Reproductive Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, stoker.tammy@epa.gov Y1 - 2001/01// PY - 2001 DA - Jan 2001 SP - 117 EP - 129 VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 1382-6689, 1382-6689 KW - rats KW - chlordimeform KW - dithiocarbamates KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Phenobarbital KW - Toxicants KW - Neuroendocrine system KW - Pregnancy KW - Ovulation KW - Reviews KW - Ovaries KW - Polluted environments KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - N3 11080:Neuroendocrinology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17834663?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Delayed+ovulation+and+pregnancy+outcome%3A+effect+of+environmental+toxicants+on+the+neuroendocrine+control+of+the+ovary&rft.au=Stoker%2C+TE%3BGoldman%2C+J+M%3BCooper%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Stoker&rft.aufirst=TE&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Pharmacology&rft.issn=13826689&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phenobarbital; Neuroendocrine system; Ovaries; Polluted environments; Toxicants; Ovulation; Pregnancy; Reviews ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An ELISA assay for heme oxygenase (HO-1) AN - 17778336; 4828828 AB - A double antibody capture ELISA for the HO-1 protein has been developed to separately quantitate HO-1 protein. The use of 2.5% NP40 detergent greatly assists in freeing HO-1 protein from membranes and/or other cellular entities and increased the amount of HO-1 protein found in rat liver whole homogenates as well as the nuclear, mitochondrial and microsomal fractions. Use of the detergent NP40 did not substantially change HO-1 protein standard curves. The ELISA assay for HO-1 has been shown to be reproducible over (i) a 4-day trial period as well as (ii) almost 1 year of general laboratory use. Excellent specificity for the HO-1 isoform is shown by the failure of either the human HO-2 protein or HO-2 peptide (at concentrations as high as 1000 ng/ml) to generate any signal above background. At least a 300-fold greater signal comes from HO-1 protein as compared to the HO-2 protein. The EC sub(50) is about 200 ng/ml for HO-1, and the minimum detectable level of the HO-1 protein is about 1 ng/ml. The ELISA assay for the HO-1 protein requires a total of 6 h to complete. Of the total cellular HO-1 protein, 20, 19, 9 and 3% appeared in the nuclear, microsomal, mitochondrial and high speed supernatant fractions, respectively. As expected, the highest concentration of HO-1 protein per total protein in a subcellular fraction was found in the microsomes. For many research projects utilizing this ELISA assay for HO-1 protein concentration, use of the whole homogenate will be an excellent choice, rather than use of the postmitochondrial or microsomal fractions. Much higher HO-1 protein levels were found in tissues of rats rather than mice. This may be because the capture antibody and secondary antibody were both raised against the rat and not the mouse forms of the HO-1 protein. In rats the HO-1 concentrations were 1067, 364, 194, 31, 28 19, 5 and 2 ng/g tissue in whole homogenates from testes, brain, liver, lung, spleen, kidney, small intestines and urinary bladder, respectively. The ELISA assay for HO-1 described here will be useful for HO-1 research studies in tissues and cell cultures of rats and mice. This ELISA for HO-1 may also work with human tissues and cells. JF - Journal of Immunological Methods AU - Kitchin, K T AU - Anderson, W L AU - Suematsu, M AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, 27711 NC USA Y1 - 2001/01/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jan 01 SP - 153 EP - 161 PB - Elsevier VL - 247 IS - 1-2 SN - 0022-1759, 0022-1759 KW - HO-1 protein KW - heme oxygenase KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - W3 33240:Immunology KW - F 06720:ELISA KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17778336?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Immunological+Methods&rft.atitle=An+ELISA+assay+for+heme+oxygenase+%28HO-1%29&rft.au=Kitchin%2C+K+T%3BAnderson%2C+W+L%3BSuematsu%2C+M&rft.aulast=Kitchin&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=247&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Immunological+Methods&rft.issn=00221759&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Remote Sensing and Mountaintop Mining AN - 16140307; 5447388 AB - Coal mining in Appalachia has undergone dramatic changes in the 1990s. Large-scale surface mining practices known as mountaintop mining (MTM) and valley fills (VF) are at the center of an environmental and legal controversy that has spawned lawsuits and major environmental investigations. Current MTM/VF operations are a major source of low-sulfur, less-air-polluting coal, which is desired for much of the energy production in the United States. MTM/VF techniques extract multiple coal seams by removing entire tops of mountains through the use of explosives and massive earth-moving equipment. Overburden rock debris is inevitably deposited in nearby valleys that are often ephemeral headwater streams. These mining practices have drawn criticism from residents and the environmental community, but are supported by unions and the mining industry. Although MTM/VF techniques will continue to be debated from legal and environmental perspectives, one fact is clear to both sides; the long-term ecological effects are unknown and this is an area of needed scientific inquiry. Remote sensing technology, used in concert with other sources of scientific data, will likely be an important source of information to help address this issue. Although little or no remote sensing research has directly addressed MTM, there has been decades of remote sensing application directed at surface mining in general. This paper reviews published results of remote sensing research with respect to surface mining and the application of these techniques to the study of the effects of the MTM and VF phenomenon. JF - Remote Sensing Reviews AU - Slonecker, E T AU - Benger, MJ AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Photographic Interpretation Center (EPIC), 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, 555 National Center, Reston, VA 20192, USA Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 293 EP - 322 VL - 20 IS - 4 SN - 0275-7257, 0275-7257 KW - mountaintop mining KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Mountains KW - Legal aspects KW - Environmental impact KW - Remote sensing KW - Pollution control KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16140307?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remote+Sensing+Reviews&rft.atitle=Remote+Sensing+and+Mountaintop+Mining&rft.au=Slonecker%2C+E+T%3BBenger%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Slonecker&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remote+Sensing+Reviews&rft.issn=02757257&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mountains; Legal aspects; Remote sensing; Environmental impact; Pollution control ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Remote Sensing of Impervious Surfaces: A Review AN - 16137728; 5287935 AB - One of the emerging areas of scientific interest in the control of non-point-source pollution (NPS) is the detection and analysis of impervious surfaces within watersheds. NPS runoff from urban surfaces is now a leading threat to water quality and the percentage of impervious surface within a particular watershed has been recognized as a key indicator of the effects of non-point runoff and of future water and ecosystem quality. Although the effect of land use, population and impervious surface cover on water quality has been generally known for thirty years, a basic problem exists in quantifying the detailed spatial extent and distribution of various classes of impervious surface phenomena. Remote sensing technology has been one of the primary methods for acquiring data on the impervious areas of watersheds for tax assessment, mapping and modeling applications and continues to be one of the most promising technologies for providing detailed mapping information as input into watershed-level management decisions. This paper reviews the past use of remotely sensed data for impervious surface detection and analysis. It further explores the broader use of remote sensing technology in this area, including the potential for a new generation of instruments to improve the analysis of impervious surfaces. JF - Remote Sensing Reviews AU - Slonecker, E T AU - Jennings, D B AU - Garofalo, D AD - Environmental Photographic Interpretation Center, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, 555 National Center, Reston, VA 20192 USA Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 227 EP - 255 VL - 20 IS - 3 SN - 0275-7257, 0275-7257 KW - Impervious surfaces KW - literature reviews KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Catchment area KW - Classification systems KW - Remote sensing of land use KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Remote sensing KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Man-induced effects KW - Remote sensing equipment KW - Freshwater KW - Population dynamics KW - Watersheds KW - Urban runoff KW - Stormwater runoff KW - Mapping KW - Nonpoint pollution KW - Land use KW - Water quality control KW - Runoff water pollution KW - Runoff from urban areas KW - Runoff KW - Pollution control KW - M2 556.53:Rivers, Streams, Canals (556.53) KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - M2 556.16:Runoff (556.16) KW - M2 551.577:General Precipitation (551.577) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16137728?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remote+Sensing+Reviews&rft.atitle=Remote+Sensing+of+Impervious+Surfaces%3A+A+Review&rft.au=Slonecker%2C+E+T%3BJennings%2C+D+B%3BGarofalo%2C+D&rft.aulast=Slonecker&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=227&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remote+Sensing+Reviews&rft.issn=02757257&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Classification systems; Catchment area; Pollution dispersion; Anthropogenic factors; Remote sensing; Man-induced effects; Remote sensing equipment; Watersheds; Land use; Urban runoff; Water quality control; Stormwater runoff; Mapping; Remote sensing of land use; Runoff water pollution; Runoff from urban areas; Population dynamics; Nonpoint pollution; Runoff; Pollution control; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Extraction and detection of arsenicals in seaweed via accelerated solvent extraction with ion chromatographic separation and ICP-MS detection AN - 16130884; 5170134 AB - An accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) device was evaluated as a semi-automated means of extracting arsenicals from ribbon kelp. The effect of the experimentally controllable ASE parameters (pressure, temperature, static time, and solvent composition) on the extraction efficiencies of arsenicals from seaweed was investigated. The extraction efficiencies for ribbon kelp (approximately 72.6%) using the ASE were fairly independent (< 7%) of pressure, static time and particle size after 3 ASE extraction cycles. The optimum extraction conditions for the ribbon kelp were obtained by using a 3 mL ASE cell, 30/70 (w/w) MeOH/H sub(2)O, 500 psi (1 psi = 7 KPa), ambient temperature, 1 min heat step, 1 min static step, 90% vol. flush, and a 120 s purge. Using these conditions, two other seaweed products produced extraction efficiencies of 25.6% and 50.5%. The inorganic species present in the extract represented 62.5% and 27.8% of the extracted arsenic. The speciation results indicated that both seaweed products contained 4 different arsenosugars, DMA (dimethylarsinic acid), and As(V). One seaweed product also contained As(III). Both of these seaweed products contained an arsenosugar whose molecular weight was determined to be 408 and its structure was tentatively identified using ion chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (IC-ESI-MS/MS). JF - Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry AU - Gallagher, P A AU - Shoemaker, JA AU - Wei, Xinyi AU - Brockhoff-Schwegel, CA AU - Creed, J T AD - US EPA NERL Microbiological and Chemical Exposure Assessment Research Division, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 71 EP - 80 VL - 369 IS - 1 SN - 0937-0633, 0937-0633 KW - ion chromatography KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Molecular structure KW - Mass Spectrometry KW - Solvent extraction KW - Chemical Analysis KW - Kelps KW - Arsenic Compounds KW - Chemical speciation KW - Chemical extraction KW - Seaweeds KW - Algae KW - Pollutant Identification KW - Molecular Structure KW - Marine KW - Arsenic KW - Pollution detection KW - Chromatography KW - Solvents KW - Separation processes KW - Pollutant identification KW - Nereocystis luetkeana KW - Analytical Methods KW - Arsenic compounds KW - Chemical analysis KW - Optimization KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16130884?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fresenius%27+Journal+of+Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Extraction+and+detection+of+arsenicals+in+seaweed+via+accelerated+solvent+extraction+with+ion+chromatographic+separation+and+ICP-MS+detection&rft.au=Gallagher%2C+P+A%3BShoemaker%2C+JA%3BWei%2C+Xinyi%3BBrockhoff-Schwegel%2C+CA%3BCreed%2C+J+T&rft.aulast=Gallagher&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=369&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fresenius%27+Journal+of+Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=09370633&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Molecular structure; Pollution detection; Chemical speciation; Separation processes; Arsenic compounds; Seaweeds; Chemical extraction; Pollutant identification; Chemical analysis; Arsenic; Solvent extraction; Molecular Structure; Arsenic Compounds; Pollutant Identification; Mass Spectrometry; Chromatography; Analytical Methods; Solvents; Chemical Analysis; Kelps; Optimization; Nereocystis luetkeana; Algae; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An integrated exploratory approach to examining the relationships of environmental stressors and fish responses AN - 16130709; 5349143 AB - The Chesapeake Bay is one of the most productive systems in the world. It is the Nation's largest estuary (64,000 square miles) and is home to about 13 million people. It supports a variety of aquatic resources of flora and fauna. However, for the past 350 years and especially in the last two to three decades, there has been substantial deterioration of the natural resources. Many species of submerged aquatic vegetation and benthic invertebrates have been diminished or become extinct. Commercial harvests of fish, crab and shell fish have also declined. In 1983, a Chesapeake Bay Agreement was signed by Pennsylvania, Maryland, the District of Columbia, Virginia and the Bay Commission. It was subsequently amended in 1987 and 1992. The Agreement identified the improvement and maintenance of water quality as the most critical elements in the overall restoration and protection of the Chesapeake Bay. In order to restore the Bay area and to conserve the fish resources, the causal relationships between the environmental stressors and the composition and health of the fish communities must be understood. Multivariate ordination techniques are useful exploratory tools to help elucidate latent environmental relationships, define specific biocriteria and to generate hypotheses. Geographical information systems (GIS) is an analytical technique for identifying spatial relationships. In this project, an integrated methodology involving the use of multivariate ordination, statistical, and GIS techniques was adopted. A non-metric multi-dimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination technique was employed in conjunction with other statistical techniques (such as correlation analysis) and ArcView GIS to analyze a huge data set from the Maryland Biological Stream Survey (MBSS). The objectives were to elucidate the intricate relationships between a suite of environmental factors and fish conditions in the riverine system in the Chesapeake Bay and to evaluate the effectiveness of this approach in exploratory analyses. The results showed that landuse is significantly related to nutrient loading. To a large extent, landuse and nitrates are also affecting the composition and health of the fish communities in some subwatersheds in the Chesapeake Bay. It was also found that the approach adopted in this study is flexible, requiring few model assumptions. But it is comprehensive and reliable, capable of revealing the impacts of environmental stressors on the ecology, structure, composition and health of the fish communities. JF - Journal of Aquatic Ecosystem Stress and Recovery AU - Tong, STY AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, Ecological Exposure Research Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 1 EP - 19 VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 1386-1980, 1386-1980 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Land Use KW - Aquatic organisms KW - Biological stress KW - Nutrient loading KW - Nutrients KW - Ecological Effects KW - Nutrient cycles KW - Pisces KW - Correlation Analysis KW - Environmental stress KW - Geographical Information Systems KW - Nitrates KW - USA, Chesapeake Bay KW - Estuaries KW - Pollution Load KW - Stress KW - ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay KW - Land use KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Community composition KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Nature conservation KW - Environmental restoration KW - Population structure KW - Fish Populations KW - Geographic information systems KW - Nutrients (mineral) KW - GIS KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - D 04002:Surveying and remote sensing KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16130709?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Aquatic+Ecosystem+Stress+and+Recovery&rft.atitle=An+integrated+exploratory+approach+to+examining+the+relationships+of+environmental+stressors+and+fish+responses&rft.au=Tong%2C+STY&rft.aulast=Tong&rft.aufirst=STY&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Aquatic+Ecosystem+Stress+and+Recovery&rft.issn=13861980&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological stress; Nitrates; Estuaries; Population structure; Nutrients (mineral); GIS; Ecosystem disturbance; Environmental stress; Geographic information systems; Nutrient cycles; Aquatic organisms; Community composition; Nutrient loading; Nature conservation; Stress; Environmental restoration; Land use; Land Use; Water Pollution Effects; Correlation Analysis; Pollution Load; Nutrients; Fish Populations; Ecological Effects; Geographical Information Systems; Pisces; USA, Chesapeake Bay; ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Performance of Ozone as a Disinfectant for Combined Sewer Overflow AN - 16127361; 5326501 AB - Disinfection of combined sewer overflow (CSO) minimizes the number of disease- causing microorganisms (pathogens) released into receiving waters. Currently, the primary disinfecting agent used in the United States for wastewater treatment is chlorine (Cl sub(2)); however, Cl sub(2) produces problems in aquatic ecosystems. As a result, alternative disinfectants are being investigated. This article presents the results of a state-of-the-art review of the effectiveness of ozone (O sub(3)) for CSO disinfection. Data on major studies investigating CSO ozonation as well as its advantages and disadvantages are presented. Ozone inactivates a wider range of microorganisms than Cl sub(2). In addition, O sub(3) has a relatively high disinfection kill power, releases limited byproducts, is nonreactive with ammonia, and has an excellent ability for removing undesirable odor and color. The effectiveness of ozonation was found to be strongly dependent upon the occluding effects of suspended solids and influent quality. The reaction of O sub(3) with water impurities is a major limitation. In general, ozonation can be an effective, but expensive, technology for CSO disinfection. JF - Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology AU - Wojtenko, I AU - Stinson, M K AU - Field, R AD - Urban Watershed Management Branch, Water Supply and Water Resources Division, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2890 Woodbridge Ave., Edison, NJ 08837-3679, USA, wojtenko.izabela@epa.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 295 EP - 309 VL - 31 IS - 4 SN - 1064-3389, 1064-3389 KW - combined sewer overflows KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Combined Sewer Overflows KW - Sewerage (Combined) KW - Disinfection KW - Waste treatment KW - Wastewater Treatment KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - A 01105:Non-patents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16127361?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Performance+of+Ozone+as+a+Disinfectant+for+Combined+Sewer+Overflow&rft.au=Wojtenko%2C+I%3BStinson%2C+M+K%3BField%2C+R&rft.aulast=Wojtenko&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=295&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=10643389&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Waste treatment; Disinfection; Sewerage (Combined); Wastewater Treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Pilot Project: Atmospheric Mercury and Water Quality AN - 16125362; 5126590 AB - The importance of mercury from atmospheric sources is on the radar screen of many state and national water quality managers. The mercury contamination in Devil's Lake illustrates why this is the case. Located in central Wisconsin about 50 miles from Madison, Devil's Lake is part of a small, forested watershed within the Devil's Lake State Park and is a popular recreation area. High levels of mercury have been found in the fish of Devil's Lake, and the state of Wisconsin has issued a fish consumption advisory to warn people about eating contaminated fish. There are no industries or other facilities on Devil's Lake that could be discharging mercury in their wastewater, nor do any streams or creeks feed the lake. So where could the mercury have come from? Through monitoring and other studies, scientists have determined that the mercury originated from atmospheric sources, or atmospheric deposition. JF - LakeLine AU - Chemerys, R AD - U.S. EPA, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, Mailcode 4503-F, Washington, D.C. 20460, USA, chemerys.ruth@epa.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 14 EP - 17 VL - 20 IS - 4 SN - 0743-7978, 0743-7978 KW - Fish consumption advisory KW - USA, Wisconsin, Devil's Lake KW - USA, Wisconsin, Madison KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Environmental Effects KW - Provenance KW - Water Pollution KW - Pollution dispersion KW - USA, Wisconsin, Devil's L. KW - Freshwater KW - Watersheds KW - Freshwater fish KW - Public health KW - Lakes KW - Industrial wastes KW - Fish consumption KW - Seafood KW - Freshwater pollution KW - Air Pollution KW - Pollution detection KW - Case Studies KW - Food contamination KW - Warning systems KW - Air pollution KW - Pollutant deposition KW - Recreation KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Recreation areas KW - Deposition KW - Air-water interactions KW - Mercury KW - Fish KW - Chemical pollutants KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - Q1 08627:Food quality and standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16125362?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LakeLine&rft.atitle=A+Pilot+Project%3A+Atmospheric+Mercury+and+Water+Quality&rft.au=Chemerys%2C+R&rft.aulast=Chemerys&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LakeLine&rft.issn=07437978&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Provenance; Pollution detection; Pollution dispersion; Freshwater fish; Watersheds; Warning systems; Public health; Air pollution; Lakes; Industrial wastes; Bioaccumulation; Fish consumption; Mercury; Chemical pollutants; Freshwater pollution; Pollutant deposition; Recreation areas; Air-water interactions; Seafood; Food contamination; Air Pollution; Environmental Effects; Water Pollution; Recreation; Case Studies; Deposition; Fish; USA, Wisconsin, Devil's L.; Freshwater ER -