TY - JOUR T1 - Postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome--a meta-analysis. AN - 85392445; pmid-16928253 AB - Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a heterogeneous disorder affecting 12% of the population worldwide. Several studies identify IBS as a sequela of infectious gastroenteritis (IGE) with reported prevalence ranging from 4% to 31% and relative risk from 2.5 to 11.9. This meta-analysis was conducted to explore the differences between reported rates and provide a pooled estimate of risk for postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS).Electronic databases (MEDLINE, OLDMEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane database of clinical trials) and pertinent reference lists (including other review articles).Data were abstracted from included studies by two independent investigators; study quality, heterogeneity, and publication bias were assessed; sensitivity analysis was performed; and a summative effect estimate was calculated for risk of PI-IBS.Eight studies were included for analysis and all reported elevated risk of IBS following IGE. Median prevalence of IBS in the IGE groups was 9.8% (IQR 4.0-13.3) and 1.2% in control groups (IQR 0.4-1.8) (sign-rank test, p= 0.01). The pooled odds ratio was 7.3 (95% CI, 4.7-11.1) without significant heterogeneity (chi2 heterogeneity statistic, p= 0.41). Subgroup analysis revealed an association between PI-IBS risk and IGE definition used.This study provides supporting evidence for PI-IBS as a sequela of IGE and a pooled risk estimate revealing a sevenfold increase in the odds of developing IBS following IGE. The results suggest that the long-term benefit of reduced PI-IBS may be gained from primary prevention of IGE. JF - The American journal of gastroenterology AU - Halvorson, Heather A AU - Schlett, Carey D AU - Riddle, Mark S AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20817-4799, USA. Y1 - 2006/08// PY - 2006 DA - Aug 2006 SP - 1894 EP - 9; quiz 1942 VL - 101 IS - 8 SN - 0002-9270, 0002-9270 KW - Index Medicus KW - National Library of Medicine KW - Adult KW - Female KW - *Gastroenteritis: complications KW - Humans KW - *Irritable Bowel Syndrome: etiology KW - Male KW - Middle Aged KW - Prevalence KW - Risk Factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85392445?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+gastroenterology&rft.atitle=Postinfectious+irritable+bowel+syndrome--a+meta-analysis.&rft.au=Halvorson%2C+Heather+A%3BSchlett%2C+Carey+D%3BRiddle%2C+Mark+S&rft.aulast=Halvorson&rft.aufirst=Heather&rft.date=2006-08-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1894&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+gastroenterology&rft.issn=00029270&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English (eng) DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2011-12-15 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Gastroenterology. 2007 Jan;132(1):458-60[17241899]; Comment In: Am J Gastroenterol. 2007 Feb;102(2):458-9; author reply 459-60[17311662] N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hot flashes. AN - 68785302; 16927907 AB - Mr. J is a 68-year-old African American man with a history of advanced prostate cancer. He was diagnosed nine months prior with adenocarcinoma of the prostate, with a Gleason score of 9 and tumor, node, metastasis staging of T3 NO M1. His prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was 483 ng/ml at the time of diagnosis. He immediately began treatment with total androgen blockade after the staging workup was completed. JF - Clinical journal of oncology nursing AU - Engstrom, Christine AD - Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care System, Bethesda, USA. cengstrom@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2006/08// PY - 2006 DA - August 2006 SP - 533 EP - 535 VL - 10 IS - 4 SN - 1092-1095, 1092-1095 KW - Androgen Antagonists KW - 0 KW - Anilides KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - Nitriles KW - Tosyl Compounds KW - bicalutamide KW - A0Z3NAU9DP KW - Nursing KW - Evidence-Based Medicine KW - Arrhythmias, Cardiac -- chemically induced KW - Nursing Assessment KW - Humans KW - Patient Care Planning KW - Aged KW - Sweating -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Hot Flashes -- prevention & control KW - Adenocarcinoma -- diagnosis KW - Prostatic Neoplasms -- diagnosis KW - Androgen Antagonists -- adverse effects KW - Anilides -- adverse effects KW - Hot Flashes -- chemically induced KW - Prostatic Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Adenocarcinoma -- drug therapy KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68785302?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+journal+of+oncology+nursing&rft.atitle=Hot+flashes.&rft.au=Engstrom%2C+Christine&rft.aulast=Engstrom&rft.aufirst=Christine&rft.date=2006-08-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=533&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+journal+of+oncology+nursing&rft.issn=10921095&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-10-10 N1 - Date created - 2006-08-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Necrotizing enterocolitis in neutropenia and chemotherapy: a clinical update and old lessons relearned. AN - 68624398; 16836946 AB - Neutropenic enterocolitis (NE) must be recognized in patients with fever, neutropenia, and abdominal pain. Classically, NE has been described in patients with hematologic malignancies treated with intensive chemotherapy. Current interest in NE has increased due to recent cases associated with newer, more intensive chemotherapy in solid tumors. This review discusses pathology, clinical presentation, and treatment of NE. Ultrasonography or CT scans are the best radiographic studies to confirm the diagnosis. Management options, including antimicrobial therapy, surgery, and supportive care, are discussed. Chemotherapy incorporating the taxane family of drugs (paclitaxel and docetaxel) associated with NE is also reviewed with observations regarding the earlier onset of the disease in the first weeks following chemotherapy. Even with currently recommended therapy, a high mortality rate, approximating 45%, can occur. Best outcomes for NE rely upon understanding of risks for the condition, prompt empiric therapy with broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents, systemic antifungal therapy, and meticulous attention to supportive care. JF - Current gastroenterology reports AU - Bremer, CelesteAnn T AU - Monahan, Brian P AD - Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-4217, USA. Y1 - 2006/08// PY - 2006 DA - August 2006 SP - 333 EP - 341 VL - 8 IS - 4 SN - 1522-8037, 1522-8037 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - Bridged-Ring Compounds KW - Taxoids KW - taxane KW - 1605-68-1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Global Health KW - Diagnosis, Differential KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Incidence KW - Neutropenia -- epidemiology KW - Enterocolitis, Necrotizing -- diagnosis KW - Taxoids -- adverse effects KW - Neutropenia -- chemically induced KW - Taxoids -- therapeutic use KW - Bridged-Ring Compounds -- therapeutic use KW - Bridged-Ring Compounds -- adverse effects KW - Neutropenia -- diagnosis KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Enterocolitis, Necrotizing -- drug therapy KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68624398?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+gastroenterology+reports&rft.atitle=Necrotizing+enterocolitis+in+neutropenia+and+chemotherapy%3A+a+clinical+update+and+old+lessons+relearned.&rft.au=Bremer%2C+CelesteAnn+T%3BMonahan%2C+Brian+P&rft.aulast=Bremer&rft.aufirst=CelesteAnn&rft.date=2006-08-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=333&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+gastroenterology+reports&rft.issn=15228037&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-08-22 N1 - Date created - 2006-07-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Induction of cytokines by radioprotective tocopherol analogs. AN - 68599099; 16426603 AB - Tocols are a family of eight isomers consisting of four tocopherols and four tocotrienols that exist in four isomeric forms: alpha (alpha), beta (beta), gamma (gamma), and delta (delta). Recently, tocols were found to have important and unique biological effects on nutrition and health other than antioxidant properties and are, therefore, now receiving increased attention. We have demonstrated the radioprotective efficacy of various tocol analogs and some of their esters. Three forms of tocols - alpha-tocopherol, alpha-tocopherol succinate, and gamma-tocotrienol - significantly protected mice against lethal gamma irradiation when administered subcutaneously 24 h before irradiation. The radioprotective effects of tocols on survival were associated with peripheral blood cell recovery after radiation induced cytopenia. Hematopoietic cytokines are known to promote the proliferation and differentiation of blood cell progenitors. Therefore, we hypothesized that peripheral blood cell recovery is preceded by hematopoietic cytokine induction. To test this hypothesis and compare the various radioprotective and non-radioprotective analogs, we measured serum cytokines using a sandwich ELISA, Luminex, and cytokine array in mice treated with various tocols (alpha-tocopherol succinate, alpha-tocopherol, delta-tocopherol, gamma- tocopherol, gamma-tocotrienol, and tocopherol acetate). Among the serum cytokines measured, ELISA and Luminex studies indicated that alpha-tocopherol, alpha-tocopherol succinate, and gamma-tocotrienol increased G-CSF levels in mice. Alpha-tocopherol succinate was most effective in stimulating G-CSF. IL-6 was detected by Luminex in sera samples from mice treated with the above three analogs. The results of the cytokine array suggest that other cytokines and chemokines in addition to G-CSF and IL-6 are induced. Since G-CSF, IL-6, and certain chemokines are important hematopoietic factors, these results support our hypothesis that the protection of mice from radiation-induced hematopoietic death is mediated by cytokines and chemokines. These studies may indicate that alpha-tocopherol succinate can be used as an adjunct in cancer chemotherapy, where neutropenia is a serious problem with threatening infectious complications. JF - Experimental and molecular pathology AU - Singh, Vijay K AU - Shafran, Randi L AU - Jackson, William E AU - Seed, Thomas M AU - Kumar, K Sree AD - Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20889-5603, USA. singh@afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2006/08// PY - 2006 DA - August 2006 SP - 55 EP - 61 VL - 81 IS - 1 SN - 0014-4800, 0014-4800 KW - Cytokines KW - 0 KW - Interleukin-6 KW - Radiation-Protective Agents KW - Tocopherols KW - 1406-66-2 KW - Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor KW - 143011-72-7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Protein Array Analysis KW - Cytokines -- blood KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Animals KW - Gamma Rays KW - Hematopoiesis -- radiation effects KW - Isomerism KW - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay KW - Mice KW - Male KW - Tocopherols -- therapeutic use KW - Interleukin-6 -- blood KW - Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor -- blood KW - Radiation-Protective Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Radiation Injuries, Experimental -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68599099?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experimental+and+molecular+pathology&rft.atitle=Induction+of+cytokines+by+radioprotective+tocopherol+analogs.&rft.au=Singh%2C+Vijay+K%3BShafran%2C+Randi+L%3BJackson%2C+William+E%3BSeed%2C+Thomas+M%3BKumar%2C+K+Sree&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Vijay&rft.date=2006-08-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+and+molecular+pathology&rft.issn=00144800&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-09-21 N1 - Date created - 2006-07-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rejected by the New York Times? Why Academics Struggle to Get Published in National Newspapers AN - 59745504; 200708347 AB - At one time or another the bug to write an editorial strikes many in our profession. Our motivation is driven by disgust in what we see in the media, where many of the pundits are, for lack of a more nuanced description, idiots. However, we must admit that we are also motivated by the lure of celebrity. Viewing one's name in print in a format other than some stodgy academic journal, and having people say "I read your piece in the paper," is an experience that strokes our PhD-animated egos. In this essay I will offer some explanations why we are often rejected by the New York Times, and based on my own learning journey, provide three suggestions to aspiring op-ed writers. You must write within the rules, write differently with due dispatch, and keep writing. Adapted from the source document. JF - International Studies Perspectives AU - Borer, Douglas A AD - Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2006/08// PY - 2006 DA - August 2006 SP - vii EP - x PB - Blackwell Publishers, Malden MA VL - 7 IS - 3 SN - 1528-3577, 1528-3577 KW - Newspapers KW - New York KW - Editorials KW - Political Scientists KW - article KW - 9021: academic discipline; professional issues (teaching, academic careers) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59745504?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Studies+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Rejected+by+the+New+York+Times%3F+Why+Academics+Struggle+to+Get+Published+in+National+Newspapers&rft.au=Borer%2C+Douglas+A&rft.aulast=Borer&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=2006-08-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=vii&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Studies+Perspectives&rft.issn=15283577&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1528-3585.2006.00254.x LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-06-04 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Newspapers; New York; Political Scientists; Editorials DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-3585.2006.00254.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CREATING KIN: NEW FAMILY ASSOCIATIONS AS WELFARE PROVIDERS IN LIBERALIZING JORDAN AN - 59729344; 200702428 AB - In an inquiry into the resurgence of identity politics in Jordan, the author investigates the emergence of the large-scale organizing trend through the formalization of kin solidarities in the form NGO's to argue that these kinship groups reinforce the Jordanian regime's efforts at political deliberalization. A brief background narrative contextualizes the emergence & nature of the family organizations in terms of political environment, previous forms of organization, redistribution of resources, welfare provisioning, education, & exclusivity. A typology of family networks used in the associations relates member or leader control to exclusiveness or inclusiveness. The family associations are argued to not reflect an identity movement, but are the new welfare-providing institutions of social mobilization & identification that are disguising the shift in state services, & the increasing income polarization in Jordan. Tables, Figures, References. J. Harwell JF - International Journal of Middle East Studies AU - Baylouny, Anne Marie AD - Anne Marie Baylouny is Assistant Professor of National Security Affairs at the Naval Postgraduate School and Research Associate at University of California Berkeley's Center for Middle East Studies, 1411 Cunningham Road, GL-393, Monterey, Calif. 93943, USA; ambaylou@nps.edu. Y1 - 2006/08// PY - 2006 DA - August 2006 SP - 349 EP - 368 PB - Cambridge University Press, New York NY VL - 38 IS - 3 SN - 0020-7438, 0020-7438 KW - Identity Politics KW - Jordan KW - Associations KW - Kinship KW - Family KW - Polarization KW - Mobilization KW - Resources KW - article KW - 9141: political economy; political economy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59729344?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+microbiology&rft.atitle=A+single+amino+acid+substitution+in+the+enzymatic+domain+of+cytotoxic+necrotizing+factor+type+1+of+Escherichia+coli+alters+the+tissue+culture+phenotype+to+that+of+the+dermonecrotic+toxin+of+Bordetella+spp.&rft.au=McNichol%2C+Beth+A%3BRasmussen%2C+Susan+B%3BMeysick%2C+Karen+C%3BO%27Brien%2C+Alison+D&rft.aulast=McNichol&rft.aufirst=Beth&rft.date=2006-05-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=939&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+microbiology&rft.issn=0950382X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - IJMECN N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Family; Jordan; Resources; Identity Politics; Kinship; Associations; Polarization; Mobilization DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0020743806412381 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The brave new world of atomic power TT - Die neue Welt der Atommächte AN - 36578926; 3375924 JF - Internationale Politik AU - Krause, Joachim AU - Müller, Harald AU - Kamp, Karl-Heinz AU - Riecke, Henning AU - Thränert, Oliver AU - Wahdat-Hagh, Wahied AU - Spector, Leonard S AU - Krepon, Michael AU - Kortunow, Sergej AU - Lee, Soong Hee AD - Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel ; Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main ; Middle East Media Research Institute ; Monterey Institute of International Studies ; Henry L. Stimson Center in Washington DC ; Korea National Defense University Y1 - 2006/08// PY - 2006 DA - Aug 2006 SP - 1 EP - 66 VL - 61 IS - 8 SN - 1430-175X, 1430-175X KW - Political Science KW - Multilateralism KW - Iran KW - Nuclear weapons KW - State failure KW - Russian Federation KW - Regional security KW - India KW - Nuclear non-proliferation KW - Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty KW - Diplomacy KW - Nuclear proliferation KW - International society KW - United Nations KW - International security KW - Pakistan KW - Northeast Asia KW - State-society relations KW - U.S.A. KW - Political cooperation KW - Public opinion KW - International relations KW - European Union KW - Regional conflicts KW - Nuclear energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36578926?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Internationale+Politik&rft.atitle=The+brave+new+world+of+atomic+power&rft.au=Krause%2C+Joachim%3BM%C3%BCller%2C+Harald%3BKamp%2C+Karl-Heinz%3BRiecke%2C+Henning%3BThr%C3%A4nert%2C+Oliver%3BWahdat-Hagh%2C+Wahied%3BSpector%2C+Leonard+S%3BKrepon%2C+Michael%3BKortunow%2C+Sergej%3BLee%2C+Soong+Hee&rft.aulast=Krause&rft.aufirst=Joachim&rft.date=2006-08-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Internationale+Politik&rft.issn=1430175X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - German DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Collection of 10 articles N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6784; 8782 13504 13501 1304 7805 3198 1077; 8759 4246; 8766; 8361 9680; 3564 6784; 8756 8766; 8772; 6790 6784; 4529 4534 10721 6737 4539 10727 9030; 13113 6772 9030; 6792 11979; 10463 8954; 12214 12168 9008 12092 9720 6590 11979; 12181 4733 9390; 9672; 10707 2698; 10731; 181 254; 318 387 30; 175 387 30; 353 119 129; 433 293 14; 300 30 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Northeast Asia: on the edge of the abyss TT - Nordostasiens prekäre Sicherheitslage: Die brodelnden Konflikte in Nordostasien werden durch Atomwaffenpotenziale verschärft. Die Region braucht eine multinationale Sicherheitsorganisation nach europäischem Vorbild AN - 36576316; 3375655 AB - Nordkoreas nukleare Ambitionen, Chinas rasanter Aufstieg, Japans neue Militärdoktrin, Russlands Regionalinteressen und die Politik der USA im pazifischen Raum haben eine geopolitische Lage geschaffen, die potenziell gefährlich werden kann: Spannungen und Konflikte in Nordostasien könnten militärisch eskalieren. Was fehlt, ist eine multinationale asiatische Sicherheitsorganisation nach europäischem Vorbild. Reprinted by permission of W. Bertelsmann Verlag JF - Internationale Politik AU - Lee, Soong Hee AD - Korea National Defense University Y1 - 2006/08// PY - 2006 DA - Aug 2006 SP - 62 EP - 66 VL - 61 IS - 8 SN - 1430-175X, 1430-175X KW - Political Science KW - Multilateralism KW - International relations KW - Regional conflicts KW - Northeast Asia KW - Nuclear proliferation KW - Regional security KW - International security UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36576316?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Internationale+Politik&rft.atitle=Northeast+Asia%3A+on+the+edge+of+the+abyss&rft.au=Lee%2C+Soong+Hee&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Soong&rft.date=2006-08-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=62&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Internationale+Politik&rft.issn=1430175X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - German DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6784; 10707 2698; 6790 6784; 10731; 8772; 8361 9680; 300 30 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deinococcus radiodurans engineered for complete toluene degradation facilitates Cr(VI) reduction AN - 19554734; 7271933 AB - Toluene and other fuel hydrocarbons are commonly found in association with radionuclides at numerous US Department of Energy sites, frequently occurring together with Cr(VI) and other heavy metals. In this study, the extremely radiation-resistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans, which naturally reduces Cr(VI) to the less mobile and less toxic Cr(III), was engineered for complete toluene degradation by cloned expression of tod and xyl genes of Pseudomonas putida. The recombinant Tod/Xyl strain showed incorporation of carbon from super(14)C-labelled toluene into cellular macromolecules and carbon dioxide, in the absence or presence of chronic ionizing radiation. The engineered bacteria were able to oxidize toluene under both minimal and complex nutrient conditions, and recombinant cells reduced Cr(VI) in sediment microcosms. As such, the Tod/Xyl strain could provide a model for examining the reduction of metals coupled to organic contaminant oxidation in aerobic radionuclide-contaminated sediments. JF - Microbiology AU - Brim, Hassan AU - Osborne, Jeffrey P AU - Kostandarithes, Heather M AU - Fredrickson, James K AU - Wackett, Lawrence P AU - Daly, Michael J AD - Department of Microbiology and Cancer Center, Howard University, 2041 Georgia Avenue N.W., Washington, DC 20060, USA, mdaly@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2006/08// PY - 2006 DA - Aug 2006 SP - 2469 EP - 2477 PB - Society for General Microbiology, Marlborough House, Basingstoke Road Spencers Wood Reading RG7 1AG UK, [URL:http://www.sgm.ac.uk/] VL - 152 IS - 8 SN - 1350-0872, 1350-0872 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Macromolecules KW - Biodegradation KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Heavy metals KW - Toluene KW - Fuels KW - Nutrients KW - Sediments KW - Carbon KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Energy KW - Total oxygen demand KW - Oxidation KW - Radioisotopes KW - Pseudomonas putida KW - Microcosms KW - Deinococcus radiodurans KW - Contaminants KW - Carbon dioxide KW - J 02320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19554734?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbiology&rft.atitle=Deinococcus+radiodurans+engineered+for+complete+toluene+degradation+facilitates+Cr%28VI%29+reduction&rft.au=Brim%2C+Hassan%3BOsborne%2C+Jeffrey+P%3BKostandarithes%2C+Heather+M%3BFredrickson%2C+James+K%3BWackett%2C+Lawrence+P%3BDaly%2C+Michael+J&rft.aulast=Brim&rft.aufirst=Hassan&rft.date=2006-08-01&rft.volume=152&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2469&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbiology&rft.issn=13500872&rft_id=info:doi/10.1099%2Fmic.0.29009-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Macromolecules; Biodegradation; Heavy metals; Hydrocarbons; Fuels; Toluene; Nutrients; Sediments; Carbon; Total oxygen demand; Energy; Ionizing radiation; Oxidation; Radioisotopes; Microcosms; Carbon dioxide; Contaminants; Pseudomonas putida; Deinococcus radiodurans DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.29009-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coral bleaching and disease combine to cause extensive mortality on reefs in US Virgin Islands AN - 19528198; 7242927 JF - Coral Reefs AU - Miller, J AU - Waara, R AU - Muller, E AU - Rogers, C AD - National Park Service, South Florida/Caribbean Inventory and Monitoring Network, 1300 Cruz Bay Creek, St. John, VI, 00830, USA, William_J_Miller@nps.gov Y1 - 2006/08// PY - 2006 DA - Aug 2006 SP - 418 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 25 IS - 3 SN - 0722-4028, 0722-4028 KW - Corals KW - Flower animals KW - Sea anemones KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - Bleaching KW - ASW, Caribbean Sea, Lesser Antilles, US Virgin Is. KW - coral bleaching KW - Islands KW - Coral reefs KW - Anthozoa KW - Mortality causes KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19528198?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Coral+Reefs&rft.atitle=Coral+bleaching+and+disease+combine+to+cause+extensive+mortality+on+reefs+in+US+Virgin+Islands&rft.au=Miller%2C+J%3BWaara%2C+R%3BMuller%2C+E%3BRogers%2C+C&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2006-08-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=418&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Coral+Reefs&rft.issn=07224028&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00338-006-0125-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anthozoa; ASW, Caribbean Sea, Lesser Antilles, US Virgin Is.; coral bleaching; Islands; Mortality; Coral reefs; Mortality causes; Bleaching DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00338-006-0125-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cytotoxic Necrotizing Factor Type 1 Delivered by Outer Membrane Vesicles of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Attenuates Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Antimicrobial Activity and Chemotaxis AN - 19524052; 7128375 AB - Cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 1 (CNF1), a toxin produced by many strains of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), constitutively activates small GTPases of the Rho family by deamidating a single amino acid within these target proteins. Such activated GTPases not only stimulate actin polymerization within affected cells but also, as we previously reported, decrease membrane fluidity on mouse polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). In that same investigation we found that this diminished membrane movement impedes the clustering of the complement receptor CD11b/CD18 on PMNs and, in turn, decreases PMN phagocytic capacity and microbicidal activity on PMNs in direct contact with CNF1-expressing UPEC as well as on those in proximity to wild-type UPEC. The latter observation suggested to us that CNF1 is released from neighboring bacteria, although at the time of initiation of the study described here, no specific mechanism for export of CNF1 from UPEC had been described. Here we present evidence that CNF1 is released from the CNF1-expressing UPEC strain CP9 (serotype O4/H5/K54) in a complex with outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) and that these CNF1-bearing vesicles transfer biologically active CNF1 to PMNs and attenuate phagocyte function. Furthermore, we show that CNF1-bearing vesicles act in a dose-dependent fashion on PMNs to inhibit their chemotactic response to formyl-Met-Leu-Phe, while purified CNF1 does not. We conclude that OMVs provide a means for delivery of CNF1 from a UPEC strain to PMNs and thus negatively affect the efficacy of the acute inflammatory response to these organisms. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Davis, Jon M AU - Carvalho, Humberto M AU - Rasmussen, Susan B AU - O'Brien, Alison D AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799 Y1 - 2006/08// PY - 2006 DA - Aug 2006 SP - 4401 EP - 4408 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 74 IS - 8 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Chemoreception Abstracts KW - Antimicrobial activity KW - Polymerization KW - Serotypes KW - formyl peptides KW - Leukocytes (polymorphonuclear) KW - Chemotaxis KW - CD18 antigen KW - Chemotactic response KW - Phagocytes KW - Escherichia coli KW - Membrane vesicles KW - Actin KW - Vesicles KW - Membrane fluidity KW - Complement receptors KW - Amino acids KW - Formyl peptides KW - Outer membranes KW - Toxins KW - Inflammation KW - Cytotoxic necrotizing factor KW - CD11b antigen KW - Guanosinetriphosphatase KW - microbicides KW - R 18003:Chemotaxis KW - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials KW - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites KW - J 02340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19524052?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Otolaryngology--head+and+neck+surgery+%3A+official+journal+of+American+Academy+of+Otolaryngology-Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+murine+model+of+chronic+rhinosinusitis.&rft.au=Lindsay%2C+Robin%3BSlaughter%2C+Tiffani%3BBritton-Webb%2C+Joy%3BMog%2C+Steven+R%3BConran%2C+Rich%3BTadros%2C+Monica%3BEarl%2C+Natalie%3BFox%2C+David%3BRoberts%2C+John%3BBolger%2C+William+E&rft.aulast=Lindsay&rft.aufirst=Robin&rft.date=2006-05-01&rft.volume=134&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=724&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Otolaryngology--head+and+neck+surgery+%3A+official+journal+of+American+Academy+of+Otolaryngology-Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.issn=01945998&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antimicrobial activity; Serotypes; Polymerization; Amino acids; formyl peptides; Leukocytes (polymorphonuclear); Formyl peptides; Outer membranes; CD18 antigen; Chemotaxis; Toxins; Inflammation; Chemotactic response; Phagocytes; CD11b antigen; Cytotoxic necrotizing factor; Membrane vesicles; Membrane fluidity; Vesicles; Actin; Complement receptors; microbicides; Guanosinetriphosphatase; Escherichia coli ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conflicting demands on detoxification pathways influence how common brushtail possums choose their diets AN - 19326236; 7069164 AB - Most herbivores eat more and survive better when they have access to a variety of foods. One explanation involves the detoxification of plant secondary metabolites (PSMs). By feeding from a variety of plants that contain different classes of PSMs, animals can use multiple detoxification pathways and presumably consume more food. Although popular, this theory is difficult to test because it requires knowledge of the detoxification pathways of each PSM in the diet. We established that common brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpeculd) use various combinations of oxidation, hydrolysis, and conjugation with glucuronic acid (GA) or glycine to detoxify six PSMs. Compared to their ingestion of a single PSM, possums ate more when offered a choice between two diets containing PSMs that require apparently independent detoxification pathways (benzoate and 1,8-cineole, benzoate and p-cymene, benzoate and orcinol, benzoate and salicin, or orcinol and 1,8-cineole). However, possums still did not eat as much of these diets as they did of a basal diet free of PSMs. This suggests that detoxification pathways are never independent, but are separated instead by degrees. In contrast, possums offered a choice of two PSMs that require competing detoxification pathways (1,8-cineole and p-cymene, 1,8-cineole and salicin, or orcinol and salicin) ate no more than when offered diets containing one of the compounds. There was an exception: even though both rutin and orcinol are detoxified via conjugation with GA, the feeding behavior of possums did not suggest competition for detoxification pathways. This implies that the supply of GA is not limiting. This study provides the first convincing evidence that herbivorous mammals can eat more by selecting mixed diets with a diversity of PSMs that make full use of their detoxification potential. It also emphasizes that other behavioral and physiological factors, such as transient food aversions, influence feeding behavior. JF - Ecology AU - Marsh, K J AU - Wallis, IR AU - McLean, S AU - Sorensen, J S AU - Foley, W J AD - NPS Pharmaceuticals, 383 Colorow Drive, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108 USA, karen.marsh@anu.edu.au Y1 - 2006/08// PY - 2006 DA - Aug 2006 SP - 2103 EP - 2112 VL - 87 IS - 8 SN - 0012-9658, 0012-9658 KW - Brushtail possum KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Detoxification KW - Diets KW - Benzoic acid KW - Trichosurus vulpecula KW - Cineole KW - p-Cymene KW - salicin KW - Feeding behavior KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19326236?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecology&rft.atitle=Conflicting+demands+on+detoxification+pathways+influence+how+common+brushtail+possums+choose+their+diets&rft.au=Marsh%2C+K+J%3BWallis%2C+IR%3BMcLean%2C+S%3BSorensen%2C+J+S%3BFoley%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Marsh&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2006-08-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecology&rft.issn=00129658&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Detoxification; Benzoic acid; Cineole; p-Cymene; Feeding behavior; salicin; Trichosurus vulpecula ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of tidal restrictions and potential benefits of tidal restoration on fecal coliform and shellfish-water quality AN - 19302765; 7055561 AB - The relationship between artificial tidal restrictions and shellfish-water quality was studied within otherwise sparsely developed estuaries on Cape Cod (Massachusetts, USA). The primary study site, the 600-ha diked Herring River (Wellfleet, MA) estuary, has had a long history of shellfish-water closures because of water-column fecal-coliform (FC) contamination despite the lack of human fecal sources. Ongoing efforts to restore tidal flow to the system have raised questions about the effects on microbiological water-quality on extensive beds of wild oysters (Crassostrea virginica) and cultured hard clams (Mercenaria mercenaria) in the river mouth. This study combines observations of current spatial and temporal (tidal) patterns of water-column contamination with recent hydrodynamic modeling to predict the effects of proposed tidal restoration on shellfish-water quality. Under presently tide-restricted conditions, high FC is restricted to about 1000 m on either side of the dike structure and only during low tide, preventing the harvest of extensive natural oyster beds; farther downstream, hard-clam aquaculture is marginally protected by relatively coliform-free, high-salinity Cape Cod Bay waters. Modeling of Herring River under tide-restored conditions showed that a predicted 13-fold increase in river intertidal volume, over existing tide-restricted conditions, would dilute measured FC to concentrations that are acceptable for shellfish-growing waters. Restored tidal flow would also reduce coliform survival time by increasing salinity, dissolved oxygen and pH, all presently depressed throughout the system because of the biogeochemical disturbance of diking and drainage. Results from Herring River, plus a preliminary survey of other diked Cape Cod estuaries, suggest a direct relationship between the degree of tidal restriction and surface-water FC, which should be studied further. JF - Journal of Shellfish Research AU - Portnoy, J W AU - Allen, J R AD - Cape Cod National Seashore, 99 Marconi Site Road, Wellfleet, MA 02667, USA, john_portnoy@nps.gov Y1 - 2006/08// PY - 2006 DA - August 2006 SP - 609 EP - 617 VL - 25 IS - 2 SN - 0730-8000, 0730-8000 KW - Eastern oyster KW - Northern quahog KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - water quality KW - Historical account KW - Hydrodynamics KW - Contamination KW - Microbial contamination KW - Dissolved oxygen KW - ANW, USA, Massachusetts, Cape Cod Bay KW - Restoration KW - Marine fish KW - Salinity KW - Mercenaria mercenaria KW - pH effects KW - pH KW - Fish culture KW - Rivers KW - disturbance KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Estuaries KW - Chemical oxygen demand KW - rivers KW - Environmental protection KW - Marine molluscs KW - Crassostrea virginica KW - Shellfish KW - Tidal models KW - survival KW - Surface water KW - Survival KW - Aquaculture KW - oysters KW - Fishery surveys KW - Mouth KW - Marine KW - Coliforms KW - Fecal coliforms KW - Drainage KW - Tides KW - Water pollution KW - Tidal currents KW - downstream KW - ANW, USA, Massachusetts, Cape Cod KW - Q3 08583:Shellfish culture KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q4 27780:Shellfish & Invertebrates KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19302765?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Shellfish+Research&rft.atitle=Effects+of+tidal+restrictions+and+potential+benefits+of+tidal+restoration+on+fecal+coliform+and+shellfish-water+quality&rft.au=Portnoy%2C+J+W%3BAllen%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Portnoy&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2006-08-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=609&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Shellfish+Research&rft.issn=07308000&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Contamination; Fishery surveys; Marine molluscs; Microbial contamination; Tidal models; Water pollution; Environmental protection; Dissolved oxygen; Fish culture; Restoration; Tidal currents; Rivers; Fecal coliforms; Coliforms; Hydrodynamics; Drainage; Estuaries; Survival; Chemical oxygen demand; Aquaculture; Tides; Mouth; pH effects; Historical account; water quality; disturbance; Surface water; Biogeochemistry; rivers; Salinity; oysters; downstream; Shellfish; survival; pH; Crassostrea virginica; Mercenaria mercenaria; ANW, USA, Massachusetts, Cape Cod; ANW, USA, Massachusetts, Cape Cod Bay; Marine ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Comparison of the Effects of Viewing Conditions and Viewing Angle on Object Dectectability for Different AMLCD Displays T2 - 48th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine AN - 40216781; 4342495 DE: JF - 48th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine AU - Thomas, J AU - Chakrabarti, K AU - Kaczmarek, R AU - Mitchell, C AU - Romanyukha, A AU - Nemmers, S AU - Loscocc, M Y1 - 2006/07/30/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Jul 30 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40216781?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=48th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+of+Physicists+in+Medicine&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+the+Effects+of+Viewing+Conditions+and+Viewing+Angle+on+Object+Dectectability+for+Different+AMLCD+Displays&rft.au=Thomas%2C+J%3BChakrabarti%2C+K%3BKaczmarek%2C+R%3BMitchell%2C+C%3BRomanyukha%2C+A%3BNemmers%2C+S%3BLoscocc%2C+M&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2006-07-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=48th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+of+Physicists+in+Medicine&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.aapm.org/meetings/06AM/MeetingProgram.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-27 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Immunohistochemical Observations on Collar Enamel in Gars (Lepisosteus oculatus) T2 - Seventh International Congress on the Biology of Fish (ICBF 2006) AN - 39299941; 4391024 JF - Seventh International Congress on the Biology of Fish (ICBF 2006) AU - Sasagawa, I AU - Ishiyama, M AU - Yokosuka, H AU - Mikami, K AU - Uchida, T Y1 - 2006/07/18/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Jul 18 KW - Enamel KW - Collars KW - Lepisosteus oculatus KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39299941?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Seventh+International+Congress+on+the+Biology+of+Fish+%28ICBF+2006%29&rft.atitle=Immunohistochemical+Observations+on+Collar+Enamel+in+Gars+%28Lepisosteus+oculatus%29&rft.au=Sasagawa%2C+I%3BIshiyama%2C+M%3BYokosuka%2C+H%3BMikami%2C+K%3BUchida%2C+T&rft.aulast=Sasagawa&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=2006-07-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seventh+International+Congress+on+the+Biology+of+Fish+%28ICBF+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.mun.ca/biology/icbf7/icbf7.data/Components/forms/Program%20 Guide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Characterization of an Isoleucine-Rich Region of the Hendra Virus F Glycoprotein T2 - 25th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Virology (ASV 2006) AN - 40217277; 4339277 JF - 25th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Virology (ASV 2006) AU - Bishop, Kimberly AU - Wang, Lin-Fa AU - Eaton, Bryan AU - Broder, Christopher Y1 - 2006/07/15/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Jul 15 KW - Glycoproteins KW - Hendra virus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40217277?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=25th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Virology+%28ASV+2006%29&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+an+Isoleucine-Rich+Region+of+the+Hendra+Virus+F+Glycoprotein&rft.au=Bishop%2C+Kimberly%3BWang%2C+Lin-Fa%3BEaton%2C+Bryan%3BBroder%2C+Christopher&rft.aulast=Bishop&rft.aufirst=Kimberly&rft.date=2006-07-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=25th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Virology+%28ASV+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://miracd.com/asv2006/Itinerary/SearchHome.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Characterization of the Henipavirus Attachment Glycoprotein using Murine Monoclonal Antibodies and the Identification of a Novel Neutralization Domain T2 - 25th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Virology (ASV 2006) AN - 40206703; 4339572 JF - 25th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Virology (ASV 2006) AU - Hickey, Andrew AU - Mungall, Bruce AU - Bossart, Katharine AU - Bishop, Kimberly AU - Eaton, Bryan AU - Wang, Lin-Fa AU - Broder, Christopher Y1 - 2006/07/15/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Jul 15 KW - Neutralization KW - Monoclonal antibodies KW - Glycoproteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40206703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=25th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Virology+%28ASV+2006%29&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+the+Henipavirus+Attachment+Glycoprotein+using+Murine+Monoclonal+Antibodies+and+the+Identification+of+a+Novel+Neutralization+Domain&rft.au=Hickey%2C+Andrew%3BMungall%2C+Bruce%3BBossart%2C+Katharine%3BBishop%2C+Kimberly%3BEaton%2C+Bryan%3BWang%2C+Lin-Fa%3BBroder%2C+Christopher&rft.aulast=Hickey&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2006-07-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=25th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Virology+%28ASV+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://miracd.com/asv2006/Itinerary/SearchHome.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-27 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiple molecular targets in cancer chemoprevention by curcumin. AN - 68935844; 17025261 AB - Carcinogenesis encompasses 3 closely associated stages: initiation, progression, and promotion. Phytochemicals are nonnutritive components of plants that are currently being studied in chemoprevention of various diseases for their pleiotropic effects and nontoxicity. Cancer chemoprevention involves the use of either natural or synthetic chemicals to prevent the initiation, promotion, or progression of cancer. Curcumin is the active constituent of turmeric, which is widely used as a spice in Indian cooking. It has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor properties. Curcumin has also been shown to be beneficial in all 3 stages of carcinogenesis. Much of its beneficial effect is found to be due to its inhibition of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) and subsequent inhibition of proinflammatory pathways. This review summarizes the inhibition of NF-kappaB by curcumin and describes the recently identified molecular targets of curcumin. It is hoped that continued research will lead to development of curcumin as an anticancer agent. JF - The AAPS journal AU - Thangapazham, Rajesh L AU - Sharma, Anuj AU - Maheshwari, Radha K AD - Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2006/07/07/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Jul 07 SP - E443 EP - E449 VL - 8 IS - 3 KW - Anticarcinogenic Agents KW - 0 KW - NF-E2-Related Factor 2 KW - NF-kappa B KW - beta Catenin KW - Curcumin KW - IT942ZTH98 KW - Index Medicus KW - beta Catenin -- metabolism KW - Anticarcinogenic Agents -- pharmacology KW - Chemoprevention KW - NF-kappa B -- metabolism KW - NF-E2-Related Factor 2 -- metabolism KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- drug effects KW - Neoplasms -- prevention & control KW - Curcumin -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68935844?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+AAPS+journal&rft.atitle=Multiple+molecular+targets+in+cancer+chemoprevention+by+curcumin.&rft.au=Thangapazham%2C+Rajesh+L%3BSharma%2C+Anuj%3BMaheshwari%2C+Radha+K&rft.aulast=Thangapazham&rft.aufirst=Rajesh&rft.date=2006-07-07&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=E443&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+AAPS+journal&rft.issn=1550-7416&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-10-24 N1 - Date created - 2006-10-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Cancer Lett. 2001 Oct 30;172(2):111-8 [11566484] Anticancer Res. 2001 Jul-Aug;21(4B):2895-900 [11712783] Nat Rev Cancer. 2002 Apr;2(4):301-10 [12001991] Prostate. 2002 May 15;51(3):211-8 [11967955] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2002 Jun;11(6):535-40 [12050094] Cytokine. 2002 May 7;18(3):168-77 [12126654] Cancer. 2002 Sep 15;95(6):1206-14 [12216086] Eur J Cancer. 2002 Nov;38(17):2252-7 [12441261] Oncogene. 2002 Dec 5;21(55):8414-27 [12466962] Anticancer Res. 2003 Jan-Feb;23(1A):363-98 [12680238] Biochem J. 2003 May 1;371(Pt 3):887-95 [12570874] Pharmacol Toxicol. 2003 Jan;92(1):33-8 [12710595] Chemotherapy. 2006;52(1):23-8 [16340194] Oncogene. 2006 Jan 12;25(2):278-87 [16170359] FEBS Lett. 2006 Jan 23;580(2):385-92 [16380122] J Cell Physiol. 2006 Apr;207(1):174-86 [16288471] Mol Pharmacol. 2006 Mar;69(3):1033-40 [16354769] Am J Clin Pathol. 1975 Dec;64(6):797-809 [173180] Carcinogenesis. 2000 May;21(5):921-7 [10783313] J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia. 1998 Jan;3(1):49-61 [10819504] Clin Cancer Res. 2005 Sep 15;11(18):6459-65 [16166420] Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2005 Nov;54(11):1143-52 [15889249] J Clin Invest. 2005 Oct;115(10):2625-32 [16200195] Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2005;27(3):485-97 [16237958] Clin Cancer Res. 2005 Oct 15;11(20):7490-8 [16243823] Biochim Biophys Acta. 2003 Jun 5;1653(1):1-24 [12781368] Nat Rev Cancer. 2004 Jan;4(1):71-8 [14708027] Int J Cancer. 2004 Sep 20;111(5):679-92 [15252836] Cancer J. 2004 May-Jun;10(3):145-52 [15285921] Cell. 2004 Aug 6;118(3):285-96 [15294155] Semin Cancer Biol. 2004 Dec;14(6):433-9 [15489136] Fed Proc. 1976 May 1;35(6):1332-8 [770206] Planta Med. 1991 Feb;57(1):1-7 [2062949] Cancer Res. 1994 Sep 1;54(17):4653-9 [8062259] Cancer Res. 1994 Nov 15;54(22):5841-7 [7954412] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1995 Jan 17;206(2):533-40 [7530002] Chem Biol Interact. 1996 Mar 8;100(1):41-51 [8599854] Science. 1996 May 17;272(5264):1023-6 [8638126] Cancer Lett. 1996 Oct 1;107(1):109-15 [8913274] J Pharm Pharmacol. 1997 Jan;49(1):105-7 [9120760] Science. 1997 Mar 21;275(5307):1787-90 [9065402] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997 Jul 18;236(2):313-22 [9240432] Cell Growth Differ. 1998 Apr;9(4):305-12 [9563850] Carcinogenesis. 1998 Aug;19(8):1357-60 [9744529] Indian J Gastroenterol. 1999 Jul-Sep;18(3):118-21 [10407566] Eur J Cancer. 2004 Nov;40(16):2509-18 [15519527] Cancer. 2004 Nov 15;101(10):2351-62 [15476283] J Nutr. 2004 Dec;134(12 Suppl):3479S-3485S [15570057] Oncogene. 2004 Dec 9;23(57):9247-58 [15489888] Trends Biochem Sci. 2005 Jan;30(1):43-52 [15653325] Breast Dis. 2004;20:145-53 [15687715] Glycoconj J. 2004;21(8-9):429-41 [15750784] Cancer Cell. 2005 Mar;7(3):211-7 [15766659] J Biol Chem. 2005 May 20;280(20):20059-68 [15738001] FEBS Lett. 2005 May 23;579(13):2965-71 [15893313] Cancer Lett. 2005 Jun 16;224(1):53-65 [15911101] Eur J Cancer. 2005 May;41(8):1127-34 [15911235] Cancer Lett. 2005 Jun 28;224(2):171-84 [15914268] Biochim Biophys Acta. 2005 Jun 10;1740(3):357-66 [15949703] J Biol Chem. 2005 Jul 29;280(30):27888-95 [15944151] Biochem Pharmacol. 2005 Sep 1;70(5):700-13 [16023083] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005 Oct 7;335(4):1017-25 [16102725] Mutat Res. 2005 Dec 11;591(1-2):74-92 [16083918] Anticancer Res. 2005 Nov-Dec;25(6B):4029-36 [16309195] J Nutr. 2005 Dec;135(12 Suppl):2993S-3001S [16317160] FASEB J. 2005 Dec;19(14):1957-68 [16319139] Antioxid Redox Signal. 2005 Nov-Dec;7(11-12):1612-20 [16356124] Curr Pharm Des. 2005;11(26):3431-47 [16250846] J Clin Invest. 2000 Jun;105(11):1511-3 [10841506] Free Radic Biol Med. 2000 Apr 15;28(8):1303-12 [10889462] Biochem Pharmacol. 2000 Dec 1;60(11):1665-76 [11077049] Int J Oncol. 2001 Mar;18(3):513-20 [11179480] Int J Cancer. 2001 Mar 20;95(2):108-13 [11241321] Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2001 Apr;22(4):201-7 [11282421] Pathol Oncol Res. 2001;7(1):14-23 [11349215] Prostate. 2001 Jun 1;47(4):293-303 [11398177] Mutat Res. 2001 Sep 1;480-481:243-68 [11506818] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Agonist-Induced Homodimerization of Angiotensin II Receptor AT1 T2 - 15th World Congress of Pharmacology (IUPHAR 2006) AN - 40251170; 4366583 JF - 15th World Congress of Pharmacology (IUPHAR 2006) AU - Qiu, Rongde AU - Cheng, Huaiyan AU - Wang, Mi AU - Wang, Hui AU - Feng, Ying-Hong Y1 - 2006/07/02/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Jul 02 KW - Angiotensin II receptors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40251170?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=15th+World+Congress+of+Pharmacology+%28IUPHAR+2006%29&rft.atitle=Agonist-Induced+Homodimerization+of+Angiotensin+II+Receptor+AT1&rft.au=Qiu%2C+Rongde%3BCheng%2C+Huaiyan%3BWang%2C+Mi%3BWang%2C+Hui%3BFeng%2C+Ying-Hong&rft.aulast=Qiu&rft.aufirst=Rongde&rft.date=2006-07-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=15th+World+Congress+of+Pharmacology+%28IUPHAR+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.iuphar2006.org/iuphar/.do?techProgram LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-27 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Constitutive Homodimerization of Angiotensin II Receptor AT2 T2 - 15th World Congress of Pharmacology (IUPHAR 2006) AN - 40250583; 4366577 JF - 15th World Congress of Pharmacology (IUPHAR 2006) AU - Cheng, Huaiyan AU - Qiu, Rongde AU - Wang, Mi AU - Wang, Hui AU - Feng, Ying-Hong Y1 - 2006/07/02/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Jul 02 KW - Angiotensin II receptors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40250583?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=15th+World+Congress+of+Pharmacology+%28IUPHAR+2006%29&rft.atitle=Constitutive+Homodimerization+of+Angiotensin+II+Receptor+AT2&rft.au=Cheng%2C+Huaiyan%3BQiu%2C+Rongde%3BWang%2C+Mi%3BWang%2C+Hui%3BFeng%2C+Ying-Hong&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Huaiyan&rft.date=2006-07-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=15th+World+Congress+of+Pharmacology+%28IUPHAR+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.iuphar2006.org/iuphar/.do?techProgram LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-27 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Co-Existence of G Protein-Vdependent and Vindependent Pathways in Angiotensin II Receptor AT1-Mediatedtransactivation of EGFR T2 - 15th World Congress of Pharmacology (IUPHAR 2006) AN - 40245277; 4366668 JF - 15th World Congress of Pharmacology (IUPHAR 2006) AU - Feng, Ying-Hong AU - Wang, Mi AU - Cheng, Huaiyan Y1 - 2006/07/02/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Jul 02 KW - Angiotensin II receptors KW - Epidermal growth factor receptors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40245277?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=15th+World+Congress+of+Pharmacology+%28IUPHAR+2006%29&rft.atitle=Co-Existence+of+G+Protein-Vdependent+and+Vindependent+Pathways+in+Angiotensin+II+Receptor+AT1-Mediatedtransactivation+of+EGFR&rft.au=Feng%2C+Ying-Hong%3BWang%2C+Mi%3BCheng%2C+Huaiyan&rft.aulast=Feng&rft.aufirst=Ying-Hong&rft.date=2006-07-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=15th+World+Congress+of+Pharmacology+%28IUPHAR+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.iuphar2006.org/iuphar/.do?techProgram LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-27 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ and Central Dopamine Neurotransmission T2 - 15th World Congress of Pharmacology (IUPHAR 2006) AN - 40243370; 4364406 JF - 15th World Congress of Pharmacology (IUPHAR 2006) AU - Cox, Brian M Y1 - 2006/07/02/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Jul 02 KW - Nociceptin KW - Neurotransmission KW - Dopamine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40243370?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transportation+science&rft.atitle=An+airspace-planning+and+collaborative+decision-making+model%3A+part+II-cost+model%2C+data+considerations%2C+and+computations&rft.au=Sherali%2C+Hanif+D%3BStaats%2C+Raymond+W%3BTrani%2C+Antonio+A&rft.aulast=Sherali&rft.aufirst=Hanif&rft.date=2006-05-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transportation+science&rft.issn=00411655&rft_id=info:doi/10.1287%2Ftrsc.1050.0141 L2 - http://www.iuphar2006.org/iuphar/.do?techProgram LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-27 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exercise-related longitudinal tibial stress fracture in a young person AN - 904465576; 13922339 AB - A 22-year-old man presented to the Nuclear Medicine Clinic for evaluation of distal right tibial pain. The patient reported recently beginning a rigorous exercise program involving lower extremity impact temporally related to the onset and worsening of the pain. The physical examination was remarkable for significant tenderness to palpation of the distal one-third of his right tibia. The presumptive diagnosis was a stress fracture. Recent roentgenograms of the right tibia were not available for review but were reportedly normal. Scintigraphy, in combination with computed tomography, revealed an unusual type of stress fracture (particularly in a young person and in relation to exercise)--a longitudinal stress fracture. JF - Annals of Nuclear Medicine AU - Schraml, Frank V AU - Dios, Ricardo L Riego AU - Flemming, Donald J AD - Department of Radiology, National Naval Medical Center and The Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Maryland, 8901 Wisconsin Ave., 20889, Bethesda, Md., USA, fvschraml@bethesda.med.navy.mil fvschraml@bethesda.med.navy.mil Y1 - 2006/07// PY - 2006 DA - Jul 2006 SP - 441 EP - 444 PB - Springer Japan KK, Tokyo VL - 20 IS - 6 SN - 0914-7187, 0914-7187 KW - Physical Education Index; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Fractures KW - Stress KW - Pain KW - Legs KW - Patients KW - Scintigraphy KW - Exercise (programs) KW - Physical training KW - Tibia KW - Evaluation KW - Medical examinations KW - Reviews KW - Computed tomography KW - Nuclear medicine KW - Medicine KW - Youth KW - W 30910:Imaging KW - PE 030:Exercise, Health & Physical Fitness UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/904465576?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+Nuclear+Medicine&rft.atitle=Exercise-related+longitudinal+tibial+stress+fracture+in+a+young+person&rft.au=Schraml%2C+Frank+V%3BDios%2C+Ricardo+L+Riego%3BFlemming%2C+Donald+J&rft.aulast=Schraml&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft.date=2006-07-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=441&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+Nuclear+Medicine&rft.issn=09147187&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2FBF03027381 LA - English DB - Physical Education Index; ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Evaluation; Medical examinations; Fractures; Patients; Medicine; Legs; Pain; Exercise (programs); Youth; Tibia; Reviews; Computed tomography; Nuclear medicine; Stress; Scintigraphy; Physical training DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF03027381 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Democracy and Effectiveness AN - 60160295; 200617402 AB - Reforming national intelligence communities is a critical, if often overlooked, task facing democratizing countries. Happily, intelligence agencies brought under civilian, democratic control may also become better at their core job of protecting free nations from deadly threats. Adapted from the source document. JF - Journal of Democracy AU - Boraz, Steven C AU - Bruneau, Thomas C AD - c/o Bruneau -- Dept National Security Affairs, U.S. Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2006/07// PY - 2006 DA - July 2006 SP - 28 EP - 42 PB - Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore MD VL - 17 IS - 3 SN - 1045-5736, 1045-5736 KW - Intelligence KW - Protection KW - Effectiveness KW - Control KW - article KW - 9085: government/political systems; national governments/political systems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60160295?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Democracy&rft.atitle=Democracy+and+Effectiveness&rft.au=Boraz%2C+Steven+C%3BBruneau%2C+Thomas+C&rft.aulast=Boraz&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2006-07-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=7082&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-10-30 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Intelligence; Control; Protection; Effectiveness ER - TY - JOUR T1 - South Africa after Apartheid AN - 60141674; 200617580 AB - On the surface, intelligence-sector reform since the fall of apartheid has been a model of success, but the growing politicization of security-sector forces by the ruling ANC may pose a threat to the consolidation of South Africa's young democracy. Adapted from the source document. JF - Journal of Democracy AU - Dombroski, Kenneth R AD - School International Graduate Studies, U.S. Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2006/07// PY - 2006 DA - July 2006 SP - 43 EP - 57 PB - Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore MD VL - 17 IS - 3 SN - 1045-5736, 1045-5736 KW - Democracy KW - South Africa KW - Apartheid KW - article KW - 9105: politics; national-level politics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60141674?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Democracy&rft.atitle=South+Africa+after+Apartheid&rft.au=Dombroski%2C+Kenneth+R&rft.aulast=Dombroski&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft.date=2006-07-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Democracy&rft.issn=10455736&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-10-30 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - South Africa; Democracy; Apartheid ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Combat Motivation in Today's Soldiers: U.S. Army War College Strategic Studies Institute AN - 59746472; 200711676 AB - The MacCoun, Kier, and Belkin critique of Why They Fight: Combat Motivation in the Iraq War is based on the incorrect assumption that the outcome variable of the study is combat performance. Why They Fight seeks to investigate combat motivation not battlefield performance. Why They Fight examines why soldiers continue in battle despite obvious risk to personal safety. Referencing a well-established body of literature and using a methodology appropriate for analyzing combat motivation, Why They Fight concludes that today's soldiers, just as those in the past, fight for each other. Why They Fight also reports, however, that today's soldiers are motivated in combat by notions of freedom and democracy. Adapted from the source document. JF - Armed Forces & Society AU - Wong, Leonard AD - U.S. Army War College, Carlisle. E-mail: Leonard.Wong@carlisle.army.mil Y1 - 2006/07// PY - 2006 DA - July 2006 SP - 659 EP - 663 PB - Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks CA VL - 32 IS - 4 SN - 0095-327X, 0095-327X KW - cohesion KW - ideology KW - combat motivation KW - Social Cohesion KW - Motivation KW - Military Personnel KW - Armed Forces KW - article KW - 9091: government/political systems; armed forces UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59746472?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Armed+Forces+%26+Society&rft.atitle=Combat+Motivation+in+Today%27s+Soldiers%3A+U.S.+Army+War+College+Strategic+Studies+Institute&rft.au=Wong%2C+Leonard&rft.aulast=Wong&rft.aufirst=Leonard&rft.date=2006-07-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=659&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Armed+Forces+%26+Society&rft.issn=0095327X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F00953227X06287884 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-02 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - AFSOD2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Social Cohesion; Armed Forces; Military Personnel; Motivation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00953227X06287884 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The U.S. Interests and Role in Central Asia after K2 AN - 59730738; 200700332 AB - Central Asia is remote, poor, & has few historical or cultural ties to the United States. Yet, the region's importance to Washington exceeds its value as a stepping stone to Afghanistan & a neighbor of both China & Russia. Adapted from the source document. JF - The Washington Quarterly AU - Rumer, Eugene AD - National Defense University's Instit National Strategic Studies, Washington DC Y1 - 2006/07// PY - 2006 DA - July 2006 SP - 141 EP - 154 PB - MIT Press, Cambridge MA VL - 29 IS - 3 SN - 0163-660X, 0163-660X KW - Influence KW - United States of America KW - Security Policy KW - Foreign Policy KW - Central Asia KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59730738?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Quarterly&rft.atitle=The+U.S.+Interests+and+Role+in+Central+Asia+after+K2&rft.au=Rumer%2C+Eugene&rft.aulast=Rumer&rft.aufirst=Eugene&rft.date=2006-07-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Washington+Quarterly&rft.issn=0163660X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Central Asia; United States of America; Security Policy; Foreign Policy; Influence ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Old Allies, New Friends: Intelligence-Sharing in the War on Terror AN - 59714951; 200615413 AB - The Bush administration's designation of its national strategy as a war on terror highlights the importance of combating terrorism on an international level. Fundamental to this effort is bilateral intelligence-sharing. Intelligence reform efforts to date have focused on improving intelligence-sharing within the U.S. intelligence community. However, critical intelligence can be gained through America's international partners. This paper assesses the state of bilateral intelligence-sharing relationships & the challenges that need to be overcome. Adapted from the source document. JF - Orbis: A Journal of World Affairs AU - Reveron, Derek S AD - Naval War Coll Derek.reveron@nwc.navy.mil Y1 - 2006/07// PY - 2006 DA - July 2006 SP - 453 EP - 468 PB - Elsevier Science, Amsterdam The Netherlands VL - 50 IS - 3 SN - 0030-4387, 0030-4387 KW - Intelligence KW - Management KW - Terrorism KW - International Cooperation KW - War KW - United States of America KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59714951?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Orbis%3A+A+Journal+of+World+Affairs&rft.atitle=Old+Allies%2C+New+Friends%3A+Intelligence-Sharing+in+the+War+on+Terror&rft.au=Reveron%2C+Derek+S&rft.aulast=Reveron&rft.aufirst=Derek&rft.date=2006-07-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=453&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Orbis%3A+A+Journal+of+World+Affairs&rft.issn=00304387&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Intelligence; Terrorism; War; United States of America; Management; International Cooperation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The emerging consensus for preventive war AN - 37750050; 3276050 AB - After 11 September 2001, the George W. Bush administration declared that the United States had adopted a 'pre-emptive' military doctrine to address new threats posed by terrorists and 'rogue states' armed with nuclear, biological or chemical weapons. However, the so-called 'Bush Doctrine' met substantial international opposition when it was proposed - and even more resistance when it was applied to the case of Iraq. Subsequent events in Iraq have not made the idea any more popular. It is somewhat startling, then, that numerous states and international organisations seem now to support the call to revise long-held international understandings about when force might be used. A sizable number agree that the risk of calamitous surprise attacks, especially with nuclear, biological or chemical weapons, might justify preventive strikes or wars against terrorists or their state sponsors. A new international norm may thus be under construction, though states continue to disagree about the agents of decision and action. Reprinted by permission of Taylor and Francis JF - Survival AU - Dombrowski, Peter AU - Payne, Rodger A AD - US Naval War College ; University of Louisville Y1 - 2006/07// PY - 2006 DA - Jul 2006 SP - 115 EP - 136 VL - 48 IS - 2 SN - 0039-6338, 0039-6338 KW - Political Science KW - Iraq War KW - International relations KW - Decision making KW - Prevention KW - Transnational terrorism KW - International cooperation KW - Weapons of mass destruction KW - Nuclear weapons KW - Defence policy KW - Conflict resolution KW - U.S.A. KW - Peace keeping UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/37750050?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Survival&rft.atitle=The+emerging+consensus+for+preventive+war&rft.au=Dombrowski%2C+Peter%3BPayne%2C+Rodger+A&rft.aulast=Dombrowski&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2006-07-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Survival&rft.issn=00396338&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F00396330600765419 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 2703 2698; 9303; 12932 12686 13325; 13504 13501 1304 7805 3198 1077; 3349 5574 10472; 10072; 8782 13504 13501 1304 7805 3198 1077; 3322 6071 1542 11325; 6706 2859 6784; 6784; 433 293 14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00396330600765419 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Demilitarising the 'war on terror' AN - 37743123; 3276045 AB - The elimination of Afghanistan as al-Qaeda's physical base in 2001 hastened the dispersal of global jihadists into cities. In turn, the advent of Iraq as a field of jihad has prompted jihadists to refine and spread urban warfare techniques. If they choose to apply these techniques robustly to infiltrated cities elsewhere, the extraordinary need for special-operations forces - superseding the Western taboo on using a nation's military forces against its own citizens within its own territory - could arise. The US Department of Defense appears inclined to believe that the application of military power - albeit unconventional military power - will ultimately dictate victory. Such an attitude could lead to the downplaying of paramount non-military aspects of counter-terrorism, to the detriment of national and international security. If the US State Department were armed with a mandate to coordinate national counter-terrorism efforts, diplomatic, political, law-enforcement and intelligence efforts against terrorism would gain momentum and coherence. Reprinted by permission of Taylor and Francis JF - Survival AU - Stevenson, Jonathan AD - US Naval War College Y1 - 2006/07// PY - 2006 DA - Jul 2006 SP - 37 EP - 54 VL - 48 IS - 2 SN - 0039-6338, 0039-6338 KW - Political Science KW - Law enforcement KW - Terrorism KW - Islam KW - Conflict resolution KW - U.S.A. KW - Military intervention KW - Iraq KW - Holy war KW - International relations KW - Intelligence services KW - Diplomacy KW - Defence policy KW - Demilitarization KW - International security UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/37743123?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Survival&rft.atitle=Demilitarising+the+%27war+on+terror%27&rft.au=Stevenson%2C+Jonathan&rft.aulast=Stevenson&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2006-07-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Survival&rft.issn=00396338&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F00396330600765443 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 3389 1267 13501 1304 7805 3198 1077 2703 2698; 12686 13325; 6912 13753 10762; 5941 13443 2698; 8069 1259 2698 12749 2703 6828 7869 5200 5574 10472; 3349 5574 10472; 6790 6784; 6610 10484; 7256; 3564 6784; 2703 2698; 6784; 182 254; 433 293 14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00396330600765443 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Terrorism and civil liberties in the United States: how to have both freedom and security AN - 36602474; 3390078 AB - Why have some democratic states maintained their civil liberties in times of emergency while other states have seen serious infringements of civil liberties? The key variable in explaining this variation is not the extent of the emergency provisions, but whether the measures themselves undermined the institutional constraints (the legislature, judiciary, and the press) that might have protected civil liberties. This distinction challenges the very notion that there is a tradeoff between liberties and security. With extensive oversight over the use of emergency powers, those powers can be broad enough to be effective, yet still be relatively safe for democracy and liberty. Reprinted by permission of Taylor and Francis Ltd. JF - Democracy and security AU - Freeman, Michael AD - Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2006/07// PY - 2006 DA - Jul 2006 SP - 231 EP - 262 VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 1741-9166, 1741-9166 KW - Political Science KW - International relations KW - Trade-off KW - State of emergency KW - Terrorism KW - Civil liberties KW - Government policy KW - Freedom KW - U.S.A. KW - Institutions KW - National security UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36602474?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Democracy+and+security&rft.atitle=Terrorism+and+civil+liberties+in+the+United+States%3A+how+to+have+both+freedom+and+security&rft.au=Freeman%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Freeman&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2006-07-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=231&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Democracy+and+security&rft.issn=17419166&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F17419160600954474 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 12686 13325; 2301 5278 9705; 5278 9705; 8528; 6590; 12200; 12860; 5574 10472; 6784; 433 293 14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17419160600954474 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Terrorized economies AN - 36591406; 3383068 AB - In this paper we estimate the macroeconomic consequences of terrorism using panel data for 147 countries for the period 1968-2002. The results reveal that the potential gains to a country from reducing terrorism are quite large, although the specific estimates depend on a country's population, base level of output, and investment. We present estimates of the impact of terrorism on GDP, GDP growth, investment, consumer spending, and tourism. These estimates of the marginal impact of terrorism provide a threshold against which a country's expenditures on anti-terrorism can be weighed. Reprinted by permission of Springer JF - Public choice AU - Crain, Nicole V AU - Crain, W Mark AD - National Defense University Industrial College of the Armed Forces ; Lafayette College Y1 - 2006/07// PY - 2006 DA - Jul 2006 SP - 317 EP - 350 VL - 128 IS - 1-2 SN - 0048-5829, 0048-5829 KW - Political Science KW - Economics KW - Terrorism KW - Deterrence KW - Economic growth KW - Effects KW - Panel data KW - Political economy KW - Cross-national analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36591406?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Public+choice&rft.atitle=Terrorized+economies&rft.au=Crain%2C+Nicole+V%3BCrain%2C+W+Mark&rft.aulast=Crain&rft.aufirst=Nicole&rft.date=2006-07-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=317&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Public+choice&rft.issn=00485829&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11127-006-9056-6 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 9144 8160 8163; 3060 971; 4109 2088 10642 2688 2449 10404; 3939; 3469 8782 13504 13501 1304 7805 3198 1077; 9684; 12686 13325 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-006-9056-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The political economy of terrorism AN - 36590070; 3383272 JF - Public choice AU - Rowley, Charles K AU - Shughart, II, William F. AU - Taylor, Jennis AU - Caplan, Bryan AU - Iannaccone, Laurence R AU - Berman, Eli AU - Munger, Michael AU - Garoupa, Nuno AU - Klick, Jonathan AU - Parisi, Francesco AU - Wintrobe, Ronald AU - Bradley, Anne E. Rathbone AU - Bernholz, Peter AU - Cowen, Tyler AU - Basuchoudhary, Atin AU - Razzolini, Laura AU - Hanson, Robin D AU - Coats, R Morris AU - Karahan, Gökhan AU - Tollison, Robert D AU - Kurrild-Klitgaard, Peter AU - Justesen, Mogens K AU - Klemmensen, Robert AU - Crain, Nicole V AU - Crain, W Mark AU - Niskanen, William A AD - University of Mississippi ; George Mason University ; University of California ; Duke University ; Universidade Nova de Lisboa ; Florida State University ; University of Minnesota ; University of Western Ontario ; Locke Institute ; Universität Basel ; Virginia Military Institute ; Virginia Commonwealth University ; Nicholls State University ; Clemson University ; University of Copenhagen ; University of Southern Denmark ; National Defense University Industrial College of the Armed Forces ; Lafayette College ; Cato Institute Y1 - 2006/07// PY - 2006 DA - Jul 2006 SP - 1 EP - 356 VL - 128 IS - 1-2 SN - 0048-5829, 0048-5829 KW - Political Science KW - Economics KW - Transnational terrorism KW - Terrorism KW - Motivation KW - Game theory KW - Rational choice KW - Europe KW - U.S.A. KW - Institutions KW - Religious fundamentalism KW - Middle East KW - Political economy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36590070?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Public+choice&rft.atitle=The+political+economy+of+terrorism&rft.au=Rowley%2C+Charles+K%3BShughart%2C+II%2C+William+F.%3BTaylor%2C+Jennis%3BCaplan%2C+Bryan%3BIannaccone%2C+Laurence+R%3BBerman%2C+Eli%3BMunger%2C+Michael%3BGaroupa%2C+Nuno%3BKlick%2C+Jonathan%3BParisi%2C+Francesco%3BWintrobe%2C+Ronald%3BBradley%2C+Anne+E.+Rathbone%3BBernholz%2C+Peter%3BCowen%2C+Tyler%3BBasuchoudhary%2C+Atin%3BRazzolini%2C+Laura%3BHanson%2C+Robin+D%3BCoats%2C+R+Morris%3BKarahan%2C+G%C3%B6khan%3BTollison%2C+Robert+D%3BKurrild-Klitgaard%2C+Peter%3BJustesen%2C+Mogens+K%3BKlemmensen%2C+Robert%3BCrain%2C+Nicole+V%3BCrain%2C+W+Mark%3BNiskanen%2C+William+A&rft.aulast=Rowley&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2006-07-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Public+choice&rft.issn=00485829&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Collection of 18 articles N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 9684; 10616 10620; 5403 8010 4025; 8322; 6590; 12932 12686 13325; 12686 13325; 10804 5354 1547; 433 293 14; 254; 129 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 'Naturalistic decision making and organizational decision making: exploring the intersections' AN - 36548897; 3359988 JF - Organization studies AU - Lipshitz, Raanan AU - Klein, Gary AU - Carroll, John S AU - Gore, Julie AU - Banks, Adrian AU - Millward, Lynne AU - Kyriakidou, Olivia AU - Alby, Francesca AU - Zucchermaglio, Cristina AU - Roth, Emilie M AU - Multer, Jordan AU - Raslear, Thomas AU - Shattuck, Lawrence G AU - Miller, Nita Lewis AU - Nemeth, Christopher AU - O'Connor, Michael AU - Klock, P Allan AU - Cook, Richard AU - Hatakenaka, Sachi AU - Rudolph, Jenny W AD - University of Haifa ; Klein Associates Division of ARA ; University of Surrey ; University of the Aegean ; Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza ; Roth Cognitive Engineering ; Volpe National Transportation Systems Center ; Federal Railroad Administration ; Naval Postgraduate School ; University of Chicago ; University School of Public Health Y1 - 2006/07// PY - 2006 DA - Jul 2006 SP - 917 EP - 1057 VL - 27 IS - 7 SN - 0170-8406, 0170-8406 KW - Anthropology KW - Economics KW - Sociology KW - Group decision making KW - Organizational analysis KW - Management KW - Teamwork KW - Ethnography KW - Organization theory KW - Systems analysis KW - Cognition KW - Interdisciplinary research KW - Networks KW - Problem solving KW - Decision theory KW - Human behaviour UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36548897?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Organization+studies&rft.atitle=%27Naturalistic+decision+making+and+organizational+decision+making%3A+exploring+the+intersections%27&rft.au=Lipshitz%2C+Raanan%3BKlein%2C+Gary%3BCarroll%2C+John+S%3BGore%2C+Julie%3BBanks%2C+Adrian%3BMillward%2C+Lynne%3BKyriakidou%2C+Olivia%3BAlby%2C+Francesca%3BZucchermaglio%2C+Cristina%3BRoth%2C+Emilie+M%3BMulter%2C+Jordan%3BRaslear%2C+Thomas%3BShattuck%2C+Lawrence+G%3BMiller%2C+Nita+Lewis%3BNemeth%2C+Christopher%3BO%27Connor%2C+Michael%3BKlock%2C+P+Allan%3BCook%2C+Richard%3BHatakenaka%2C+Sachi%3BRudolph%2C+Jenny+W&rft.aulast=Lipshitz&rft.aufirst=Raanan&rft.date=2006-07-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=917&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Organization+studies&rft.issn=01708406&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Collection of 7 articles N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5646 5636 5676 971 3322 6071 1542 11325; 2449 10404; 8634; 12474 971; 7625; 10220; 12602 6099; 9012; 6071 1542 11325; 4460; 6631 10902; 9013 971; 3326 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Extending naturalistic decision making to complex organizations: a dynamic model of situated cognition AN - 36542305; 3359730 AB - Naturalistic decision making (NDM) has become established as a methodological and theoretical perspective. It describes how practitioners actually make decisions in complex domains. However, NDM theories tend to focus on the human agents in the system. We extend the NDM perspective to include the technological agents in complex systems and introduce the dynamic model of situated cognition. We describe the general characteristics of NDM and the field of situated cognition, and provide a detailed description of our model. We then apply the model to a recent accident in which a US Navy submarine (USS Greeneville) collided with a Japanese fishing vessel (Ehime Maru). The discussion of the accident illustrates how decisions made are often a result of the interaction between a variety of technological and human agents and how errors introduced into the complex system can propagate through it in unintended ways. We argue that the dynamic model of situated cognition can be used to describe activities in virtually any complex domain. Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Ltd JF - Organization studies AU - Shattuck, Lawrence G AU - Miller, Nita Lewis AD - Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2006/07// PY - 2006 DA - Jul 2006 SP - 989 EP - 1010 VL - 27 IS - 7 SN - 0170-8406, 0170-8406 KW - Economics KW - Sociology KW - Group decision making KW - Organizational analysis KW - Sea transport KW - Disasters KW - Decision theory KW - Systems analysis KW - Cognition KW - Methodology KW - Modelling KW - Technology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36542305?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Fifth+International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.atitle=A+Reactive+Transport+Model+to+Describe+In+Situ+Perchlorate+Bioremediation&rft.au=Goltz%2C+M%3BHuang%2C+J%3BHatzinger%2C+P%3BDiebold%2C+J%3BFarhan%2C+Y%3BNeville%2C+S&rft.aulast=Goltz&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2006-05-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fifth+International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5646 5636 5676 971 3322 6071 1542 11325; 11364 12937; 12622; 2449 10404; 3601; 9013 971; 12474 971; 8162 8163; 7994; 3326 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0170840606065706 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Russia's failure AN - 36497120; 3308151 AB - Much like other institutions in post-Soviet Russia, the intelligence and security services have yet to make a transition to real democratic control, and remain infused with the authoritarian tendencies of their Soviet predecessors. Reprinted by permission of the Johns Hopkins University Press. All rights reserved. JF - Journal of democracy AU - Tsypkin, Mikhail AD - US Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2006/07// PY - 2006 DA - Jul 2006 SP - 72 EP - 85 VL - 17 IS - 3 SN - 1045-5736, 1045-5736 KW - Political Science KW - Post-communist societies KW - Intelligence services KW - Political leadership KW - Politics KW - Area studies KW - Historiography KW - Regression analysis KW - Political change KW - Russian Federation KW - U.S.S.R. KW - Accountability UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36497120?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+democracy&rft.atitle=Russia%27s+failure&rft.au=Tsypkin%2C+Mikhail&rft.aulast=Tsypkin&rft.aufirst=Mikhail&rft.date=2006-07-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=72&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+democracy&rft.issn=10455736&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 1247; 9923 11979; 6610 10484; 9809; 9653; 9725 7271 1411; 525 9705; 10739 12228 10919; 5888 504; 353 119 129; 434 119 129 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reforming intelligence AN - 36496892; 3308417 JF - Journal of democracy AU - Mainwaring, Scott AU - Boraz, Steven C AU - Bruneau, Thomas C AU - Dombroski, Kenneth R AU - Phillips, Steven E AU - Tsypkin, Mikhail AU - Mungiu-Pippidi, Alina AU - Sklar, Richard L AU - Onwudiwe, Ebere AU - Kew, Darren AD - University of Notre Dame ; RAND Corporation ; Naval Postgraduate School ; US Naval Postgraduate School ; Towson University ; Romanian Academic Society ; University of California ; Central State University ; University of Massachusetts Y1 - 2006/07// PY - 2006 DA - Jul 2006 SP - 28 EP - 115 VL - 17 IS - 3 SN - 1045-5736, 1045-5736 KW - Political Science KW - Democratization KW - Nigeria KW - Voting behaviour KW - Elections KW - Political opposition KW - Civil society KW - Russian Federation KW - Corruption KW - U.S.S.R. KW - Accountability KW - Political parties KW - National security KW - Intelligence services KW - Post-apartheid society KW - Malaysia KW - Political representation KW - South Africa KW - Modernization KW - Forecasts KW - Military regimes KW - Citizenship KW - Political leadership KW - Identity politics KW - State building KW - Palestinian Authority KW - Parliamentary elections KW - Democracy KW - Political crises KW - Authoritarianism KW - Regional politics KW - South America KW - Contemporary history KW - Governance KW - Party systems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36496892?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+democracy&rft.atitle=Reforming+intelligence&rft.au=Kagan%2C+Elliott&rft.aulast=Kagan&rft.aufirst=Elliott&rft.date=2006-06-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=421&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinics+in+laboratory+medicine&rft.issn=02722712&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Collection of 6 articles N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 9769; 9675; 10730 10738 12092; 2820 5889; 2280 2309 11032 9705; 3390 9705; 2313 11979; 9918 1148; 525 9705; 3403 9653; 6610 10484; 8528; 6197 9809; 9725 7271 1411; 2909; 8179; 4128; 8075 9768; 12174 12168 9008 12092 9720 6590; 5549; 9750; 9206 4128; 13370; 1410; 9747; 9253; 5163; 231 393 30; 386 14; 385 395 2; 353 119 129; 434 119 129; 290 456 2; 320 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The end of French Europe? AN - 36488669; 3300204 AB - When French voters rejected the proposed EU constitution last year, they revealed a profound lack of confidence not just in Europe, but in France itself. Long the driver of European integration, Paris these days can barely steer its own ship of state. Jacques Chirac is a big part of the problem. But France's troubles run deeper. Reprinted by permission of Foreign Affairs. Copyright by the Council on Foreign Relations, Inc. JF - Foreign affairs AU - Kramer, Steven Philip AD - National Defense University Y1 - 2006/07// PY - 2006 DA - Jul 2006 SP - 126 EP - 138 VL - 85 IS - 4 SN - 0015-7120, 0015-7120 KW - Political Science KW - France KW - Society KW - International relations KW - Constitutionalism KW - Political integration KW - Socioeconomic development KW - Great powers KW - EU enlargement KW - National security UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36488669?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Foreign+affairs&rft.atitle=The+end+of+French+Europe%3F&rft.au=Kramer%2C+Steven+Philip&rft.aulast=Kramer&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2006-07-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=126&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Foreign+affairs&rft.issn=00157120&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6784; 9721; 2765 2752 9720 6590 2758 7253; 8528; 5613 9754 9965; 11987 3483; 3820 4529 4534 10721 6737 4539 10727 9030; 11979; 134 462 129 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - When the Shiites rise AN - 36488638; 3300199 AB - By toppling Saddam Hussein, the Bush administration has liberated and empowered Iraq's Shiite majority and has helped launch a broad Shiite revival that will upset the sectarian balance in Iraq and the Middle East for years to come. This development is rattling some Sunni Arab governments, but for Washington, it could be a chance to build bridges with the region's Shiites, especially in Iran. Reprinted by permission of Foreign Affairs. Copyright by the Council on Foreign Relations, Inc. JF - Foreign affairs AU - Nasr, Vali AD - Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2006/07// PY - 2006 DA - Jul 2006 SP - 58 EP - 74 VL - 85 IS - 4 SN - 0015-7120, 0015-7120 KW - Political Science KW - Islam and politics KW - International relations KW - Repression KW - War on terror KW - Democracy KW - Shiism KW - Armed conflict KW - Middle East KW - Regional studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36488638?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Foreign+affairs&rft.atitle=When+the+Shiites+rise&rft.au=Nasr%2C+Vali&rft.aulast=Nasr&rft.aufirst=Vali&rft.date=2006-07-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=58&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Foreign+affairs&rft.issn=00157120&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6784; 11619 6912 13753 10762; 6913 6912 13753 10762 9809 10763; 13452 12686 13325; 1259 2698; 3390 9705; 10891; 10733 10738 12092 1247; 254 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - alpha -2,3-Sialyltransferase Enhances Neisseria gonorrhoeae Survival during Experimental Murine Genital Tract Infection AN - 20989246; 6995813 AB - The addition of host-derived sialic acid to Neisseria gonorrhoeae lipooligosaccharide is hypothesized to be an important mechanism by which gonococci evade host innate defenses. This hypothesis is based primarily on in vitro assays of complement-mediated and phagocytic killing. Here we report that a nonpolar alpha -2,3-sialyltransferase (lst) mutant of N. gonorrhoeae was significantly attenuated in its capacity to colonize the lower genital tract of 17-{szligbeta} estradiol-treated female BALB/c mice during competitive infection with the wild-type strain. Genetic complementation of the lst mutation restored recovery of the mutant to wild-type levels. Studies with B10.D2-HC super(o)H2 super(d)H super(2)-T18c/OSN (C5-deficient) mice showed that attenuation of the lst mutant was not due to increased sensitivity to complement-mediated bacteriolysis, a result that is consistent with recently reported host restrictions in the complement cascade. However, Lst-deficient gonococci were killed more rapidly than sialylated wild-type gonococci following intraperitoneal injection into normal mice, which is consistent with sialylation conferring protection against killing by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). As reported for human PMNs, sialylated gonococci were more resistant to killing by murine PMNs, and sialylation led to reduced association with and induction of a weaker respiratory burst in PMNs from estradiol-treated mice. In summary, these studies suggest sialylation confers a survival advantage to N. gonorrhoeae in mice by increasing resistance to PMN killing. This report is the first direct demonstration that alpha -2,3-sialyltransferase contributes to N. gonorrhoeae pathogenesis in an in vivo model. This study also validates the use of experimental murine infection to study certain aspects of gonococcal pathogenesis. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Wu, Hong AU - Jerse, Ann E AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799 Y1 - 2006/07// PY - 2006 DA - Jul 2006 SP - 4094 EP - 4103 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 74 IS - 7 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Cell survival KW - Leukocytes (polymorphonuclear) KW - Complement KW - Animal models KW - Survival KW - Infection KW - Neisseria gonorrhoeae KW - Lipooligosaccharides KW - Models KW - Respiratory burst KW - Complementation KW - Genital tract KW - Mutation KW - Sialic acids KW - J 02400:Human Diseases KW - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20989246?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=alpha+-2%2C3-Sialyltransferase+Enhances+Neisseria+gonorrhoeae+Survival+during+Experimental+Murine+Genital+Tract+Infection&rft.au=Wu%2C+Hong%3BJerse%2C+Ann+E&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Hong&rft.date=2006-07-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=4094&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cell survival; Leukocytes (polymorphonuclear); Complement; Animal models; Survival; Infection; Models; Lipooligosaccharides; Respiratory burst; Complementation; Genital tract; Mutation; Sialic acids; Neisseria gonorrhoeae ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Emerging infectious disease as a proximate cause of amphibian mass mortality AN - 20722411; 7033791 AB - A newly discovered infectious disease of amphibians, chytridiomycosis, caused by the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, is implicated in population declines and possible extinctions throughout the world. The purpose of our study was to examine the effects of B. dendrobatidis on the mountain yellow-legged frog (Rana muscosa) in the Sierra Nevada of California (USA). We (1) quantified the prevalence and incidence of B. dendrobatidis through repeat surveys of several hundred R. muscosa populations in the southern Sierra Nevada; (2) described the population-level effects of B. dendrobatidis on R. muscosa population abundance; and (3) compared the mortality rates of infected and uninfected R. muscosa individuals from pre- through post-metamorphosis using both laboratory and field experiments. Mouthpart inspections conducted in 144 and 132 R. muscosa populations in 2003 and 2004, respectively, indicated that 19% of R. muscosa populations in both years showed indications of chytridiomycosis. Sixteen percent of populations that were uninfected in 2003 became infected by 2004. Rana muscosa population sizes were reduced by an average of 88% following B. dendrobatidis outbreaks at six sites, but at seven B. dendrobatidis-negative sites, R. muscosa population sizes increased by an average of 45% over the same time period. In the laboratory, all infected R. muscosa developed fatal chytridiomycosis after metamorphosis, while all uninfected individuals remained healthy. In the field experiment in which R. muscosa tadpoles were caged at infected and uninfected sites, 96% of the individuals that metamorphosed at infected sites died vs. 5% at the uninfected sites. These studies indicate that chytridiomycosis causes high mortality in post-metamorphic R. muscosa, that this emerging disease is the proximate cause of numerous observed R. muscosa population declines, and that the disease threatens this species with extirpation at numerous sites in California's Sierra Nevada. JF - Ecology AU - Rachowicz, L J AU - Knapp, R A AU - Morgan, JAT AU - Stice, MJ AU - Vredenburg, V T AU - Parker, J M AU - Briggs, C J AD - Resources Management and Science, Yosemite National Park, 5083 Foresta Road, P.O. Box 700, El Portal, California 95318 USA, lara_rachowicz@nps.gov Y1 - 2006/07// PY - 2006 DA - Jul 2006 SP - 1671 EP - 1683 VL - 87 IS - 7 SN - 0012-9658, 0012-9658 KW - Mountain yellow-legged frog KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - Juveniles KW - Geographical distribution KW - chytridiomycosis KW - Extinction KW - Amphibiotic species KW - Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis KW - Abundance KW - Pathogens KW - Rare species KW - Freshwater KW - Population decline KW - Mouthparts KW - Rana muscosa KW - Infectious diseases KW - Metamorphosis KW - USA, California KW - Diseases KW - Mortality causes KW - K 03410:Animal Diseases KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20722411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecology&rft.atitle=Emerging+infectious+disease+as+a+proximate+cause+of+amphibian+mass+mortality&rft.au=Rachowicz%2C+L+J%3BKnapp%2C+R+A%3BMorgan%2C+JAT%3BStice%2C+MJ%3BVredenburg%2C+V+T%3BParker%2C+J+M%3BBriggs%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Rachowicz&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2006-07-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1671&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecology&rft.issn=00129658&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Juveniles; Geographical distribution; Infectious diseases; Amphibiotic species; Rare species; Diseases; Mortality causes; Mortality; chytridiomycosis; Extinction; Abundance; Metamorphosis; Pathogens; Population decline; Mouthparts; Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis; Rana muscosa; USA, California; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Net Carbon Exchange Across the Arctic Tundra-Boreal Forest Transition in Alaska 1981-2000 AN - 20657363; 8139090 AB - Shifts in the carbon balance of high-latitude ecosystems could result from differential responses of vegetation and soil processes to changing moisture and temperature regimes and to a lengthening of the growing season. Although shrub expansion and northward movement of treeline should increase carbon inputs, the effects of these vegetation changes on net carbon exchange have not been evaluated. We selected low shrub, tall shrub, and forest tundra sites near treeline in northwestern Alaska, representing the major structural transitions expected in response to warming. In these sites, we measured aboveground net primary production (ANPP) and vegetation and soil carbon and nitrogen pools, and used these data to parameterize the Terrestrial Ecosystem Model. We simulated the response of carbon balance components to air temperature and precipitation trends during 1981-2000. In areas experiencing warmer and dryer conditions, Net Primary Production (NPP) decreased and heterotrophic respiration (R sub(H)) increased, leading to a decrease in Net Ecosystem Production (NEP). In warmer and wetter conditions NPP increased, but the response was exceeded by an increase in R sub(H); therefore, NEP also decreased. Lastly, in colder and wetter regions, the increase in NPP exceeded a small decline in R sub(H), leading to an increase in NEP. The net effect for the region was a slight gain in ecosystem carbon storage over the 20 year period. This research highlights the potential importance of spatial variability in ecosystem responses to climate change in assessing the response of carbon storage in northern Alaska over the last two decades. JF - Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change AU - Thompson, C C AU - McGuire, AD AU - Clein, J S AU - Chapin, F S AU - Beringer, J AD - University of Alaska, 211 Irving I, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA, Catharine_Thompson@nps.gov Y1 - 2006/07// PY - 2006 DA - Jul 2006 SP - 805 EP - 827 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 11 IS - 4 SN - 1381-2386, 1381-2386 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Ecosystems KW - Rainfall KW - Climatic changes KW - Forests KW - Primary production KW - shrubs KW - Soil KW - Vegetation KW - terrestrial ecosystems KW - treeline KW - Nitrogen KW - air temperature KW - Carbon sequestration KW - USA, Alaska KW - Temperature KW - PN, Arctic KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20657363?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mitigation+and+Adaptation+Strategies+for+Global+Change&rft.atitle=Net+Carbon+Exchange+Across+the+Arctic+Tundra-Boreal+Forest+Transition+in+Alaska+1981-2000&rft.au=Thompson%2C+C+C%3BMcGuire%2C+AD%3BClein%2C+J+S%3BChapin%2C+F+S%3BBeringer%2C+J&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2006-07-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=805&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mitigation+and+Adaptation+Strategies+for+Global+Change&rft.issn=13812386&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11027-005-9016-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Alaska; PN, Arctic; Ecosystems; shrubs; Vegetation; Rainfall; Soil; treeline; Carbon sequestration; Forests; Primary production; Temperature; terrestrial ecosystems; Climatic changes; Nitrogen; air temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11027-005-9016-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the trajectories of embers initially elevated or lofted by small scale ground fire plumes in high winds AN - 19708542; 7495228 AB - Millions of acres and hundreds of structures are destroyed annually by wildfires. With many of these fires extending long distances due to spotting, detailed knowledge of ember transport by external and flame-generated winds is critical for fundamental understanding and prediction of the inception and evolution of such fires. This work presents a model that treats the burning and wind carrying of embers, and numerically compares their trajectories for spherical, cylindrical, and disk geometries. The embers may be launched at predetermined heights or lofted by a fire buoyant plume. Various terrain conditions and variable wind properties are considered. Results show that for embers of equal initial mass, disks propagate the farthest and have the highest remaining mass fraction upon impacting the ground. Spheres are carried the shortest distance, and cylinders have the smallest mass fraction upon impact. For disks in the range of diameters examined, initial diameter has no effect on the distance carried. Charring and extinction criteria are investigated for cylinders and spheres. Higher surface burning temperatures are found to lead to shorter propagation distances. JF - Fire Safety Journal AU - Anthenien, Ralph A AU - Tse, Stephen D AU - Fernandez-Pello, A Carlos AD - Air Force Institute of Technology, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433, USA, ralph.anthenien@afit.edu Y1 - 2006/07// PY - 2006 DA - Jul 2006 SP - 349 EP - 363 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 41 IS - 5 SN - 0379-7112, 0379-7112 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Ember KW - Firebrand KW - Plume KW - Lofting KW - Trajectory KW - Wind KW - Fire KW - Fires KW - wildfire KW - Structural analysis KW - Temperature KW - extinction KW - burning KW - Plumes KW - H 7000:Fire Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19708542?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fire+Safety+Journal&rft.atitle=On+the+trajectories+of+embers+initially+elevated+or+lofted+by+small+scale+ground+fire+plumes+in+high+winds&rft.au=Anthenien%2C+Ralph+A%3BTse%2C+Stephen+D%3BFernandez-Pello%2C+A+Carlos&rft.aulast=Anthenien&rft.aufirst=Ralph&rft.date=2006-07-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=349&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fire+Safety+Journal&rft.issn=03797112&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.firesaf.2006.01.005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - wildfire; Fires; Structural analysis; Temperature; extinction; burning; Plumes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2006.01.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The criteria of critical runaway and stable temperatures of catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of hydrochloric acid AN - 19671586; 6860846 AB - The hydrogen peroxide and hydrochloric acid are used in close proximity in the computer chip manufacture. The hydrochloric acid catalyzes an exothermic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into oxygen and water. The accumulation of heat and non-condensable gas increases temperature and pressure in this reaction process always lead to runaway reaction and accident owing to inadvertent mixing. Thus, the chemical reaction hazard has to be clearly identified. Its critical runaway temperatures and unstable reaction criteria in this reaction process have to be determined urgently. In this investigation, we estimated its kinetic parameters at various volumetric ratios of the hydrogen peroxide to hydrochloric acid. Then, used these kinetic parameters to evaluate their critical temperatures and stable criteria in each reaction processes. The analytic results are important and useful for the design of safety system in the computer chip manufacture. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Lu, Kai-Tai AU - Yang, Ching-Chyuan AU - Lin, Peng-Chu AD - Department of Applied Chemistry, Chung Cheng Institute of Technology, National Defense University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC, ktlu@ccit.edu.tw Y1 - 2006/07// PY - 2006 DA - Jul 2006 SP - 319 EP - 327 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 135 IS - 1-3 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - hydrochloric acid KW - hydrogen peroxide KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Hydrogen peroxide KW - Hydrochloric acid KW - Computer chip manufacture KW - Runaway reaction KW - Critical temperature KW - Stable criteria KW - Temperature effects KW - safety systems KW - Computers KW - Temperature KW - Hydrogen KW - Decomposition KW - Oxygen KW - Accidents KW - integrated circuits KW - Hazardous materials KW - Chemical reactions KW - Heat KW - Kinetics KW - Pressure KW - H 6000:Natural Disasters/Civil Defense/Emergency Management KW - X 24490:Other UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19671586?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=The+criteria+of+critical+runaway+and+stable+temperatures+of+catalytic+decomposition+of+hydrogen+peroxide+in+the+presence+of+hydrochloric+acid&rft.au=Lu%2C+Kai-Tai%3BYang%2C+Ching-Chyuan%3BLin%2C+Peng-Chu&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Kai-Tai&rft.date=2006-07-01&rft.volume=135&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhazmat.2005.11.069 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Oxygen; Accidents; integrated circuits; Heat; Hydrogen peroxide; Kinetics; Computers; Pressure; Decomposition; Hydrochloric acid; safety systems; Hazardous materials; Chemical reactions; Temperature; Hydrogen DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.11.069 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Levels of circulating regulatory CD4 super(+)CD25 super(+) T cells are decreased in breast cancer patients after vaccination with a HER2/neu peptide (E75) and GM-CSF vaccine AN - 19525457; 7239237 AB - Purpose: We are conducting clinical trials in breast cancer (BrCa) patients to test the HER2/neu peptide vaccine (E75). We have investigated the impact of this vaccine on circulating levels of regulatory T cells (T sub(reg)) and the resulting effects on antitumor responses. Experimental design: Twenty-two blood samples from healthy individuals and from 22 BrCa patients including pre- and post-vaccination samples from seven vaccinated HLA-A2 super(+) patients were stained for CD4, CD25, and CD69 as well as CD8 and E75:HLA-A2 Ig dimer and quantified by flow cytometry. Cytotoxic activity against HER2/neu super(+) tumors was measured by super(51)Cr-release. Serum from BrCa patients and normal subjects were analyzed for TGF- beta levels. Results: BrCa patients have a greater percentage of circulating T sub(reg) (CD4 super(+)CD25 super(+), 4.45% versus 2.96%; p = 0.007) than normal subjects. HLA-A2 super(+) BrCa patients had more T sub(reg) compared to the HLA-A2 super(-) BrCa patients (CD4 super(+)CD25 super(+), 5.63% versus 3.28%; p = 0.001). E75 vaccination increased circulating activated CD4 super(+) T cells post-vaccination (CD4 super(+)CD69 super(+), 1.23 versus 3.81%; p = 0.03). However, T sub(reg) were significantly reduced after vaccination (CD4 super(+)CD25 super(+), 5.31-1.81%; p < 0.0001). Furthermore, activated T sub(reg) also decreased (CD4 super(+)CD25 super(+)CD69 super(+), 0.23% versus 0.08%; p = 0.06). Importantly, post-vaccination decreases in T sub(reg) were temporally associated with increased E75 vaccine-specific CD8 super(+) T cells and corresponding HER2/neu super(+) tumor cytotoxicity. Serum TGF- beta levels were significantly elevated in BrCa patients compared to normals (3548 pg/ml versus 1007 pg/ml; p = 0.007). Four of seven vaccinated patients showed decreased serum TGF- beta levels post-vaccination. Conclusions: T sub(reg), are increased in BrCa patients along with serum levels of TGF- beta . E75 vaccination resulted in CD4 super(+) recruitment but was associated with a significant decrease in circulating T sub(reg) and TGF- beta levels in the majority of the vaccinated patients. Successful cancer vaccination strategies may require the alteration of complex immune interactions. JF - Breast Cancer Research and Treatment AU - Hueman, Matthew T AU - Stojadinovic, Alexander AU - Storrer, Catherine E AU - Foley, Rebecca J AU - Gurney, Jennifer M AU - Shriver, Craig D AU - Ponniah, Sathibalan AU - Peoples, George E AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge, Building 139, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA, george.peoples@na.amedd.army.mil Y1 - 2006/07// PY - 2006 DA - Jul 2006 SP - 17 EP - 29 PB - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 98 IS - 1 SN - 0167-6806, 0167-6806 KW - Immunology Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Histocompatibility antigen HLA KW - Cancer vaccines KW - Immunoregulation KW - ErbB-2 protein KW - Clinical trials KW - Flow cytometry KW - CD4 antigen KW - Lymphocytes T KW - Transforming growth factor-^b KW - Transforming growth factor-b KW - Immunoglobulins KW - CD69 antigen KW - Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor KW - CD8 antigen KW - Tumors KW - CD25 antigen KW - Vaccination KW - Serum levels KW - Cytotoxicity KW - Breast cancer KW - Vaccines KW - Antitumor activity KW - F 06915:Cancer Immunology KW - W 30915:Pharmaceuticals & Vaccines UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19525457?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Breast+Cancer+Research+and+Treatment&rft.atitle=Levels+of+circulating+regulatory+CD4+super%28%2B%29CD25+super%28%2B%29+T+cells+are+decreased+in+breast+cancer+patients+after+vaccination+with+a+HER2%2Fneu+peptide+%28E75%29+and+GM-CSF+vaccine&rft.au=Hueman%2C+Matthew+T%3BStojadinovic%2C+Alexander%3BStorrer%2C+Catherine+E%3BFoley%2C+Rebecca+J%3BGurney%2C+Jennifer+M%3BShriver%2C+Craig+D%3BPonniah%2C+Sathibalan%3BPeoples%2C+George+E&rft.aulast=Hueman&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2006-07-01&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Breast+Cancer+Research+and+Treatment&rft.issn=01676806&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10549-005-9108-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CD4 antigen; ErbB-2 protein; Transforming growth factor-b; CD25 antigen; Vaccination; Lymphocytes T; Vaccines; Histocompatibility antigen HLA; Breast cancer; Tumors; CD8 antigen; Cytotoxicity; Immunoglobulins; Flow cytometry; Clinical trials; CD69 antigen; Immunoregulation; Antitumor activity; Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; Cancer vaccines; Serum levels; Transforming growth factor-^b DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10549-005-9108-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental Management Strategies and Compliance at Marine Corps Installations AN - 19350992; 7094599 JF - Environmental Policy and Law AU - Keen, B AU - England, E AU - Webb, T AU - Bartczak, S AU - Bleckmann, C AD - Department of Systems and Engineering Management, Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, USA, ellen.england@afit.edu Y1 - 2006/07// PY - 2006 DA - Jul 2006 VL - 36 IS - 3-4 SN - 0378-777X, 0378-777X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Compliance KW - Environmental policy KW - Environment management KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19350992?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Policy+and+Law&rft.atitle=Environmental+Management+Strategies+and+Compliance+at+Marine+Corps+Installations&rft.au=Keen%2C+B%3BEngland%2C+E%3BWebb%2C+T%3BBartczak%2C+S%3BBleckmann%2C+C&rft.aulast=Keen&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2006-07-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Policy+and+Law&rft.issn=0378777X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Compliance; Environment management; Environmental policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential protection against MPTP or methamphetamine toxicity in dopamine neurons by deletion of ppN-OFQ expression AN - 19304546; 6960671 AB - Nociceptin (N-OFQ) is an endogenous neuropeptide that plays a role in the behavioral deficits associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). The purpose of the present study was to characterize the protective effects of prepro (pp)N-OFQ gene deletion against two dopamine toxins, MPTP and methamphetamine (METH). Results demonstrate that ppN-OFQ gene deletion attenuates the loss of both the number of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and loss of TH and vesicular monoamine transporter-2 (VMAT) immunoreactivity in the caudate putamen (CPu) of MPTP-treated mice. This protection was unaffected by age or gender, although, when loss of TH exceeded 90% in 5-6 month-old mice, the protective effect was greatly diminished. In contrast, METH administration preferentially damaged dopaminergic terminals in the CPu with little effect on dopamine neurons in the SNpc, an effect not reversed by ppN-OFQ gene deletion. To determine if N-OFQ and MPP super(+) act directly and synergistically on dopamine neurons, differentiated SH-SY5Y cells were incubated with N-OFQ and-or MPP super(+). N-OFQ did not increase MPP super(+)-mediated cell loss, suggesting an indirect action of N-OFQ. These studies demonstrate that inhibition of the endogenous N-OFQ system may represent a new therapeutic target for prevention of neuronal loss associated with PD. JF - Journal of Neurochemistry AU - Brown, Jeffrey M AU - Gouty, Shawn AU - Iyer, Varsha AU - Rosenberger, John AU - Cox, Brian M AD - Department of Pharmacology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, jbrown@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2006/07// PY - 2006 DA - Jul 2006 SP - 495 EP - 505 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ UK, [URL:http://www.blackwellpublishing.com] VL - 98 IS - 2 SN - 0022-3042, 0022-3042 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - Substantia nigra KW - monoamines KW - Age KW - MPP super(+) KW - MPTP KW - Parkinson's disease KW - Nociceptin KW - Putamen KW - Toxins KW - Neurodegenerative diseases KW - Methamphetamine KW - Gene deletion KW - Movement disorders KW - Dopamine KW - Neurons KW - Neurotoxicity KW - Immunoreactivity KW - Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase KW - Neuropeptides KW - X 24380:Social Poisons & Drug Abuse KW - N3 11008:Neurochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19304546?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Research+in+Intellectual+Disabilities&rft.atitle=Preliminary+Findings+of+Health+Promotion+Plans+among+Institutions+Caring+for+Persons+with+Intellectual+Disabilities%3A+A+National+Survey+in+Taiwan&rft.au=Lin%2C+Jin-Ding%3BLoh%2C+Ching-Hui%3BYen%2C+Chia-Feng%3BLee%2C+Jiunn-Tay%3BChwo%2C+Miao-Ju%3BWu%2C+Jia-Ling%3BLi%2C+Chi-Wei%3BLin%2C+Ya-Wen&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=Jin-Ding&rft.date=2006-06-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=208&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Research+in+Intellectual+Disabilities&rft.issn=13602322&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1468-3148.2005.00252.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-10-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Figures, 7; tables, 1; references, 30. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Substantia nigra; Age; monoamines; MPP super(+); MPTP; Parkinson's disease; Nociceptin; Toxins; Putamen; Neurodegenerative diseases; Gene deletion; Methamphetamine; Dopamine; Movement disorders; Neurons; Immunoreactivity; Neurotoxicity; Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase; Neuropeptides DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03902.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating at-sea sampling designs for Marbled Murrelets using a spatially explicit model AN - 17228429; 6930352 AB - Spatial environmental gradients can greatly affect the distribution of organisms, but studies investigating how the spatial arrangement of samples along these gradients influences power of monitoring programs to detect trends are lacking. Spatial gradients in environmental processes may remain relatively constant, or change over different time intervals and spatial dimensions. We investigated the influence of transect layout and replication on the power to detect population declines in the Marbled Murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus), a threatened seabird found in a highly dynamic nearshore environment. In Marbled Murrelet populations in our study area, no a priori gradient along the shoreline was apparent, whereas a predictable decline in abundance offshore occurred. We characterized the spatial and temporal variation in the offshore gradient by: (1) fitting flexible curves to historical abundance data from 13 site-year combinations in California and Oregon and (2) applying clustering routines to the fitted offshore probability distributions to reveal three distribution patterns that varied among sites and annually within sites. Power of sampling schemes was derived by a simulation where nine transect designs of equal effort detected population declines over 10 years within an 80 km x 2.5 km sampling unit either with or without stratification, based on data- generating distributions that were an approximation to the observed data. Our simulations suggested several designs had high power to detect trends at an annual decline rate of 2, 4, and 6%, produced relatively unbiased population estimates and slopes of the trend, and were logistically feasible: (1) stratified and unstratified zigzags and (2) ten 8 km transects placed at random distances parallel to shore in two strata. For murrelets, layouts that adequately sample along-shore and offshore in both high-density and low-density areas were most robust to heterogeneity and shifting environmental gradients in both along-shore and offshore dimensions. Our approach shows how pilot survey data and an understanding of spatial gradients or heterogeneity can help design a powerful sampling layout. JF - Ecological Modelling AU - Rachowicz, Lara J AU - Hubbard, Alan E AU - Beissinger, Steven R AD - Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, 3060 Valley Life Sciences Building, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140, USA, lara_rachowicz@nps.gov Y1 - 2006/07// PY - 2006 DA - July 2006 SP - 329 EP - 344 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl] VL - 196 IS - 3-4 SN - 0304-3800, 0304-3800 KW - Marbled murrelet KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Brachyramphus marmoratus KW - Population monitoring KW - Seabird KW - Environmental gradients KW - Statistical power KW - Trend detection KW - shores KW - Historical account KW - Ecological distribution KW - Abundance KW - Shores KW - population decline KW - Stratification KW - Population dynamics KW - INE, USA, California KW - USA, California KW - Sampling KW - Biological surveys KW - Marine KW - Marine birds KW - Mathematical models KW - Replication KW - Temporal variations KW - Simulation KW - Population decline KW - Design KW - Methodology KW - abundance KW - Q1 08382:Ecological techniques and apparatus KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17228429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Modelling&rft.atitle=Evaluating+at-sea+sampling+designs+for+Marbled+Murrelets+using+a+spatially+explicit+model&rft.au=Rachowicz%2C+Lara+J%3BHubbard%2C+Alan+E%3BBeissinger%2C+Steven+R&rft.aulast=Rachowicz&rft.aufirst=Lara&rft.date=2006-07-01&rft.volume=196&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=329&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Modelling&rft.issn=03043800&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ecolmodel.2006.02.011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological surveys; Marine birds; Mathematical models; Temporal variations; Replication; Ecological distribution; Population dynamics; Methodology; Abundance; Shores; Stratification; Sampling; Population decline; shores; Historical account; Simulation; population decline; Design; abundance; Brachyramphus marmoratus; INE, USA, California; USA, California; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2006.02.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of feral horses in Great Basin landscapes on soils and ants: Direct and indirect mechanisms AN - 17186584; 6843031 AB - We compared soil-surface penetration resistance and abundance of ant mounds at 12 western Great Basin sites (composed of 19 plots) either grazed by feral horses (Equus caballus) or having had horses removed for the last 10-14 years. Across this broad spatial domain (3.03million ha), we minimized confounding due to abiotic factors by selecting horse-occupied and horse-removed sites with similar aspect, slope, fire history, grazing pressure by cattle (minimal to none), and dominant vegetation (Artemisia tridentata). During both 1997 and 1998, we found 2.2-8.4 times greater abundance of ant mounds and 3.0-15.4 times lower penetration resistance in soil surfaces at horse-removed sites. In 1998, thatched Formica ant mounds, which existed predominately at high elevations, were 3.3 times more abundant at horse-removed sites, although abundance varied widely among sites within treatments. Several types of analyses suggested that horses rather than environmental variability were the primary source of treatment differences we observed in ecosystem components. Tests of several predictions suggest that alterations occurred through not only direct effects, but also indirect effects and potentially feedback loops. Free-roaming horses as well as domestic grazers should be considered in conservation planning and land management in the Great Basin, an ecoregion that represents both an outstanding conservation opportunity and challenge. JF - Journal of Arid Environments AU - Beever, E A AU - Herrick, JE AD - Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA, erik_beever@nps.gov Y1 - 2006/07// PY - 2006 DA - Jul 2006 SP - 96 EP - 112 VL - 66 IS - 1 SN - 0140-1963, 0140-1963 KW - Ants KW - Big sagebush KW - Horse KW - Hymenoptera KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Soil KW - Fires KW - USA KW - Grazing KW - Abundance KW - Formicidae KW - Artemisia tridentata KW - Basins KW - Conservation KW - Equus caballus KW - Abiotic factors KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04600:Soil KW - Z 05209:Soil entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17186584?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Arid+Environments&rft.atitle=Effects+of+feral+horses+in+Great+Basin+landscapes+on+soils+and+ants%3A+Direct+and+indirect+mechanisms&rft.au=Beever%2C+E+A%3BHerrick%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Beever&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2006-07-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=96&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Arid+Environments&rft.issn=01401963&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jaridenv.2005.11.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Fires; Grazing; Abundance; Conservation; Basins; Abiotic factors; Formicidae; Artemisia tridentata; Equus caballus; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2005.11.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Japan-China Relations: Spring Thaw AN - 1692282668; 200620614 AB - For the first time in over a year, the foreign ministers of Japan & China met May 23. Both ministers retreated to well-worn talking points on Yasukuni but agreed to move ahead in expanding exchange programs. Afterward, Foreign Minister Aso announced that Japan's relations with China were moving toward normalcy & in early June, to further warm the atmosphere, the Koizumi government removed the freeze on loans to China. In turn, China's President Hu suggested that under the proper conditions & at an appropriate time, he would like to visit Japan. In Japan, political leaders jockeyed for position in the post-Koizumi prime ministerial sweepstakes. Increasingly, foreign policy, Japan's relations with its Asian neighbors, & Yasukuni-related matters assume growing importance in the political debate. In meetings with Japanese political figures, China's political leaders & diplomats worked to shape the post-Koizumi environment in Japan. Adapted from the source document. JF - Comparative Connections: A Quarterly E-Journal on East Asian Bilateral Relations AU - Przystup, James J AD - Instit National Strategic Studies, NDU Y1 - 2006/07// PY - 2006 DA - July 2006 SP - 117 EP - 126 PB - Pacific Forum CSIS, Honolulu, HI VL - 8 IS - 2 SN - 1930-5370, 1930-5370 KW - Koizumi KW - Peoples Republic of China KW - Foreign Policy KW - Political Change KW - Economic Policy KW - Japan KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692282668?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Comparative+Connections%3A+A+Quarterly+E-Journal+on+East+Asian+Bilateral+Relations&rft.atitle=Japan-China+Relations%3A+Spring+Thaw&rft.au=Przystup%2C+James+J&rft.aulast=Przystup&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2006-07-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Comparative+Connections%3A+A+Quarterly+E-Journal+on+East+Asian+Bilateral+Relations&rft.issn=19305370&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.csis.org/pacfor/ccejournal.html LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2015-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Peoples Republic of China; Japan; Foreign Policy; Economic Policy; Political Change ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Modeling Arctic Climate: Forcing, Feedbacks and Effects on Lower Latitudes T2 - 2006 Workshop on Polar and Global Climate Modeling: Connection and Interplay AN - 40101247; 4273016 JF - 2006 Workshop on Polar and Global Climate Modeling: Connection and Interplay AU - Maslowski, Wieslaw Y1 - 2006/06/14/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Jun 14 KW - Arctic KW - Polar environments KW - Feedback KW - Climate KW - Latitudinal variations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40101247?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2006+Workshop+on+Polar+and+Global+Climate+Modeling%3A+Connection+and+Interplay&rft.atitle=Modeling+Arctic+Climate%3A+Forcing%2C+Feedbacks+and+Effects+on+Lower+Latitudes&rft.au=Maslowski%2C+Wieslaw&rft.aulast=Maslowski&rft.aufirst=Wieslaw&rft.date=2006-06-14&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2006+Workshop+on+Polar+and+Global+Climate+Modeling%3A+Connection+and+Interplay&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.iarc.uaf.edu/workshops/polar_global_modeling_06/agenda.php LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Investigation of Copper Contamination and Corrosion Scale Mineralogy in Aging Drinking Water Distribution Systems T2 - 2006 Annual Conference and Exposition of the American Water Works Association (ACE 06) AN - 39242871; 4264057 JF - 2006 Annual Conference and Exposition of the American Water Works Association (ACE 06) AU - Turek, Nadja AU - Dugan, Nicholas AU - Schenck, Kathleen AU - Rosenblum, Laura AU - Merriman, Betty AU - Lytle, Darren Y1 - 2006/06/11/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Jun 11 KW - Copper KW - Aging KW - Corrosion KW - Drinking water KW - Contamination KW - Mineralogy KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39242871?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2006+Annual+Conference+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Water+Works+Association+%28ACE+06%29&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+Copper+Contamination+and+Corrosion+Scale+Mineralogy+in+Aging+Drinking+Water+Distribution+Systems&rft.au=Turek%2C+Nadja%3BDugan%2C+Nicholas%3BSchenck%2C+Kathleen%3BRosenblum%2C+Laura%3BMerriman%2C+Betty%3BLytle%2C+Darren&rft.aulast=Turek&rft.aufirst=Nadja&rft.date=2006-06-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2006+Annual+Conference+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Water+Works+Association+%28ACE+06%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.awwa.org/conferences/ace/sessions/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Everglades Tree Islands Prehistory: Archeological Evidence for Regional Holocene Variability and Early Human Settlement T2 - 2006 Greater Everglades Ecosystem Restoration Conference (GEER 2006) AN - 40176637; 4302983 JF - 2006 Greater Everglades Ecosystem Restoration Conference (GEER 2006) AU - Schwadron, Margo AU - Russo, Mike Y1 - 2006/06/05/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Jun 05 KW - USFlorida, Everglades KW - Islands KW - Human settlements KW - Trees KW - Paleo studies KW - Holocene UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40176637?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2006+Greater+Everglades+Ecosystem+Restoration+Conference+%28GEER+2006%29&rft.atitle=Everglades+Tree+Islands+Prehistory%3A+Archeological+Evidence+for+Regional+Holocene+Variability+and+Early+Human+Settlement&rft.au=Schwadron%2C+Margo%3BRusso%2C+Mike&rft.aulast=Schwadron&rft.aufirst=Margo&rft.date=2006-06-05&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2006+Greater+Everglades+Ecosystem+Restoration+Conference+%28GEER+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://conference.ifas.ufl.edu/GEER2006/Abstracts.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - New Web-Based Approach for Summarizing Watershed Conditions in the South Florida Water Management District T2 - 2006 Greater Everglades Ecosystem Restoration Conference (GEER 2006) AN - 40157477; 4302993 JF - 2006 Greater Everglades Ecosystem Restoration Conference (GEER 2006) AU - Sobczak, Robert AU - Geller, Andrew AU - Kotun, Kevin AU - Neidrauer, Cal AU - Price, E Carolyn AU - Shaughnessy, Geoff AU - Swartz, Eric AU - Sylvester, Susan AU - Waldon, Michael Y1 - 2006/06/05/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Jun 05 KW - USFlorida KW - Watersheds KW - Water management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40157477?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2006+Greater+Everglades+Ecosystem+Restoration+Conference+%28GEER+2006%29&rft.atitle=New+Web-Based+Approach+for+Summarizing+Watershed+Conditions+in+the+South+Florida+Water+Management+District&rft.au=Sobczak%2C+Robert%3BGeller%2C+Andrew%3BKotun%2C+Kevin%3BNeidrauer%2C+Cal%3BPrice%2C+E+Carolyn%3BShaughnessy%2C+Geoff%3BSwartz%2C+Eric%3BSylvester%2C+Susan%3BWaldon%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Sobczak&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2006-06-05&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2006+Greater+Everglades+Ecosystem+Restoration+Conference+%28GEER+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://conference.ifas.ufl.edu/GEER2006/Abstracts.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Remote Sensing Applications in the National Park Service's South Florida/Caribbean Inventory and Monitoring Program T2 - 2006 Greater Everglades Ecosystem Restoration Conference (GEER 2006) AN - 40157378; 4302948 JF - 2006 Greater Everglades Ecosystem Restoration Conference (GEER 2006) AU - Patterson, Matt Y1 - 2006/06/05/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Jun 05 KW - Caribbean Sea KW - USFlorida KW - National parks KW - Remote sensing KW - Inventories UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40157378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2006+Greater+Everglades+Ecosystem+Restoration+Conference+%28GEER+2006%29&rft.atitle=Remote+Sensing+Applications+in+the+National+Park+Service%27s+South+Florida%2FCaribbean+Inventory+and+Monitoring+Program&rft.au=Patterson%2C+Matt&rft.aulast=Patterson&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft.date=2006-06-05&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2006+Greater+Everglades+Ecosystem+Restoration+Conference+%28GEER+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://conference.ifas.ufl.edu/GEER2006/Abstracts.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Pulsing Sheetflow, Landscape Fragmentation, and Ecological Consequences in the Everglades T2 - 2006 Greater Everglades Ecosystem Restoration Conference (GEER 2006) AN - 40147059; 4302835 JF - 2006 Greater Everglades Ecosystem Restoration Conference (GEER 2006) AU - DONG, Quan Y1 - 2006/06/05/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Jun 05 KW - USFlorida, Everglades KW - Landscape UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40147059?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2006+Greater+Everglades+Ecosystem+Restoration+Conference+%28GEER+2006%29&rft.atitle=Pulsing+Sheetflow%2C+Landscape+Fragmentation%2C+and+Ecological+Consequences+in+the+Everglades&rft.au=DONG%2C+Quan&rft.aulast=DONG&rft.aufirst=Quan&rft.date=2006-06-05&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2006+Greater+Everglades+Ecosystem+Restoration+Conference+%28GEER+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://conference.ifas.ufl.edu/GEER2006/Abstracts.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - New Web-Based Model for Coordinating Ecosystem Restoration in the Big Cypress Watersheds T2 - 2006 Greater Everglades Ecosystem Restoration Conference (GEER 2006) AN - 40146154; 4302994 JF - 2006 Greater Everglades Ecosystem Restoration Conference (GEER 2006) AU - Sobczak, Robert AU - Davis, Sarah AU - Brooks-Solveson, Brenda Y1 - 2006/06/05/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Jun 05 KW - Watersheds KW - Models KW - Restoration UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40146154?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2006+Greater+Everglades+Ecosystem+Restoration+Conference+%28GEER+2006%29&rft.atitle=New+Web-Based+Model+for+Coordinating+Ecosystem+Restoration+in+the+Big+Cypress+Watersheds&rft.au=Sobczak%2C+Robert%3BDavis%2C+Sarah%3BBrooks-Solveson%2C+Brenda&rft.aulast=Sobczak&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2006-06-05&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2006+Greater+Everglades+Ecosystem+Restoration+Conference+%28GEER+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://conference.ifas.ufl.edu/GEER2006/Abstracts.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Fish Introductions into Everglades Wetlands: An Unforeseen Consequence of Restoration T2 - 2006 Greater Everglades Ecosystem Restoration Conference (GEER 2006) AN - 40106837; 4302900 JF - 2006 Greater Everglades Ecosystem Restoration Conference (GEER 2006) AU - Kline, Jeffrey L AU - Loftus, William F AU - Kotun, Kevin AU - Banford, Danielle AU - Trexler, Joel C Y1 - 2006/06/05/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Jun 05 KW - USFlorida, Everglades KW - Wetlands KW - Pisces KW - Habitat improvement UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40106837?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2006+Greater+Everglades+Ecosystem+Restoration+Conference+%28GEER+2006%29&rft.atitle=Fish+Introductions+into+Everglades+Wetlands%3A+An+Unforeseen+Consequence+of+Restoration&rft.au=Kline%2C+Jeffrey+L%3BLoftus%2C+William+F%3BKotun%2C+Kevin%3BBanford%2C+Danielle%3BTrexler%2C+Joel+C&rft.aulast=Kline&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2006-06-05&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2006+Greater+Everglades+Ecosystem+Restoration+Conference+%28GEER+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://conference.ifas.ufl.edu/GEER2006/Abstracts.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biting patterns and seasonal densities of Anopheles mosquitoes in the Cayo District, Belize, Central America with emphasis on Anopheles darlingi. AN - 68660518; 16859089 AB - The present study utilized an experimental hut to conduct human-baited landing collections for characterizing the all-night biting patterns and seasonal densities of adult Anopheles darlingi in the centrally located Cayo District of Belize, Central America. A total of 25 all-night collections (i.e., sunset to sunrise) were conducted from January 2002 to May 2003, capturing a total of 18,878 An. darlingi females. Anopheles darlingi exhibited a bimodal nightly biting pattern with one predominate peak occurring three h after sunset and a smaller peak occurring one h prior to sunrise. Biting females were collected throughout the night in higher densities indoors (9,611) than outside (9,267) the experimental hut (O:I=1.00:1.04). Seasonal adult collections show An. darlingi densities were highest during the transitional months between the end of the wet and beginning of the dry season (January) and the end of the dry season and beginning of the wet season (May). A total of 2,010 An. darlingi females was captured in 31 two-h, human-baited landing collections performed from January to October 2002. Anopheles darlingi monthly population densities were found to have no significant associations with high or low temperatures, precipitation, or river level. However, qualitative data examination indicates an inverse relationship between river level and An. darlingi adult collections suggesting a disturbance of larval habitats. All-night biting and seasonal distribution patterns for other anopheline species are also described. None of the adult specimens collected throughout the entire study tested positive for Plasmodium spp. infection using the VecTest rapid diagnostic kit. JF - Journal of vector ecology : journal of the Society for Vector Ecology AU - Achee, Nicole L AU - Grieco, John P AU - Rejmankova, Eliska AU - Andre, Richard G AU - Vanzie, Errol AU - Polanco, Jorge AU - Briceno, Ireneo AU - King, Russell AU - Roberts, Donald R AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2006/06// PY - 2006 DA - June 2006 SP - 45 EP - 57 VL - 31 IS - 1 SN - 1081-1710, 1081-1710 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rivers KW - Belize KW - Animals KW - Sporozoites -- isolation & purification KW - Malaria -- transmission KW - Plasmodium -- isolation & purification KW - Humans KW - Seasons KW - Temperature KW - Rain KW - Feeding Behavior KW - Insect Bites and Stings KW - Anopheles -- physiology KW - Insect Vectors -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68660518?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+vector+ecology+%3A+journal+of+the+Society+for+Vector+Ecology&rft.atitle=Biting+patterns+and+seasonal+densities+of+Anopheles+mosquitoes+in+the+Cayo+District%2C+Belize%2C+Central+America+with+emphasis+on+Anopheles+darlingi.&rft.au=Achee%2C+Nicole+L%3BGrieco%2C+John+P%3BRejmankova%2C+Eliska%3BAndre%2C+Richard+G%3BVanzie%2C+Errol%3BPolanco%2C+Jorge%3BBriceno%2C+Ireneo%3BKing%2C+Russell%3BRoberts%2C+Donald+R&rft.aulast=Achee&rft.aufirst=Nicole&rft.date=2006-06-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+vector+ecology+%3A+journal+of+the+Society+for+Vector+Ecology&rft.issn=10811710&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-09-15 N1 - Date created - 2006-07-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intravenous cocaine and QT variability. AN - 68636234; 16836708 AB - Dynamic instability in cardiac repolarization may contribute to drug-induced arrhythmogenesis. We hypothesized that intravenous cocaine would significantly destabilize repolarization as measured by QT variability. Twenty-nine cocaine-experienced volunteers not seeking treatment for cocaine addiction received randomized, sequential intravenous infusions of placebo or cocaine (20 and 40 mg). Five-minute epochs of digitized ECG were recorded 10 minutes before, during, and at intervals following the infusions. QT variability was measured using a semiautomated method and expressed as the log ratio of normalized QT variance to normalized heart rate variance (QTVI). Seventeen subjects received a repeat course of cocaine infusions 1 week later. Placebo infusion resulted in a small but significant increase in QTVI, while cocaine caused a highly significant, dose-dependent increase in QTVI that peaked at 10 minutes and dissipated by 45 minutes following infusion (P < 0.0001). The increase in QTVI was reproducible at 1 week (P = 0.8). Cocaine injection results in a significant dose-dependent increase in QT variability as indexed by QTVI. This destabilizing effect on repolarization may increase vulnerability to reentrant arrhythmias and may partially explain an increased risk of sudden cardiac death associated with cocaine use. JF - Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology AU - Haigney, Mark C P AU - Alam, Shama AU - Tebo, Scot AU - Marhefka, Gregary AU - Elkashef, Ahmed AU - Kahn, Roberta AU - Chiang, C Nora AU - Vocci, Frank AU - Cantilena, Louis AD - Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. mhaigney@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2006/06// PY - 2006 DA - June 2006 SP - 610 EP - 616 VL - 17 IS - 6 SN - 1045-3873, 1045-3873 KW - Central Nervous System Stimulants KW - 0 KW - Cocaine KW - I5Y540LHVR KW - Index Medicus KW - Heart Rate -- drug effects KW - Infusions, Intravenous KW - Heart Conduction System -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Electrocardiography KW - Adult KW - Death, Sudden, Cardiac -- etiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Long QT Syndrome -- chemically induced KW - Central Nervous System Stimulants -- toxicity KW - Heart -- drug effects KW - Cocaine -- toxicity KW - Long QT Syndrome -- physiopathology KW - Cocaine -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68636234?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+cardiovascular+electrophysiology&rft.atitle=Intravenous+cocaine+and+QT+variability.&rft.au=Haigney%2C+Mark+C+P%3BAlam%2C+Shama%3BTebo%2C+Scot%3BMarhefka%2C+Gregary%3BElkashef%2C+Ahmed%3BKahn%2C+Roberta%3BChiang%2C+C+Nora%3BVocci%2C+Frank%3BCantilena%2C+Louis&rft.aulast=Haigney&rft.aufirst=Mark+C&rft.date=2006-06-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=610&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+cardiovascular+electrophysiology&rft.issn=10453873&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-11-28 N1 - Date created - 2006-07-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modulating radiation resistance: Insights based on defenses against reactive oxygen species in the radioresistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans. AN - 68597199; 16815462 AB - The classical dogma of radiation biology asserts that the cytotoxic effects of ionizing radiation (IR) are principally the result of DNA damage. Yet many organisms that encode a complement of DNA repair functions are killed by IR doses that cause little DNA damage. Instead, proteins likely are the first major class of molecules damaged by IR. This article presents a new perspective on extreme IR resistance in the eubacterium Deinococcus radiodurans, reevaluates the role of superoxide (02*-) ions in IR toxicity, and speculates on potential strategies for controlling resistance in prokaryotes and eukaryotes based on scavenging IR-induced 02*-. JF - Clinics in laboratory medicine AU - Daly, Michael J AD - Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799, USA. mdaly@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2006/06// PY - 2006 DA - June 2006 SP - 491 EP - 504, x VL - 26 IS - 2 SN - 0272-2712, 0272-2712 KW - Reactive Oxygen Species KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Reactive Oxygen Species -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Deinococcus -- radiation effects KW - Terrorism KW - Nuclear Warfare KW - Deinococcus -- metabolism KW - Radiation Injuries -- metabolism KW - Radiation Injuries -- physiopathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68597199?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinics+in+laboratory+medicine&rft.atitle=Modulating+radiation+resistance%3A+Insights+based+on+defenses+against+reactive+oxygen+species+in+the+radioresistant+bacterium+Deinococcus+radiodurans.&rft.au=Daly%2C+Michael+J&rft.aulast=Daly&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2006-06-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=491&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinics+in+laboratory+medicine&rft.issn=02722712&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-10-06 N1 - Date created - 2006-07-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioregulators as prototypic nontraditional threat agents. AN - 68594270; 16815460 AB - Bioregulators are naturally occurring organic compounds that regulate a multitude of biologic processes. Under natural circumstances, bioregulators are synthesized in minute quantities in a variety of living organisms and are essential for physiologic homeostasis. In the wrong hands, these compounds have the capability to be used as nontraditional threat agents that are covered by the prohibitions of the Chemical Weapons Convention and the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention. Unlike traditional biowarfare/bioterrorism agents that have a latency period of hours to days,the onset of action of bioregulators may occur within minutes after host exposure. Concerns regarding the potential misuse of bioregulators for nefarious purposes relate to the ability of these nontraditional agents to induce profound physiologic effects. JF - Clinics in laboratory medicine AU - Kagan, Elliott AD - Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA. ekagan@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2006/06// PY - 2006 DA - June 2006 SP - 421 EP - 43, ix VL - 26 IS - 2 SN - 0272-2712, 0272-2712 KW - Biological Factors KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Biological Factors -- poisoning KW - Biological Factors -- toxicity KW - Bioterrorism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68594270?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinics+in+laboratory+medicine&rft.atitle=Bioregulators+as+prototypic+nontraditional+threat+agents.&rft.au=Kagan%2C+Elliott&rft.aulast=Kagan&rft.aufirst=Elliott&rft.date=2006-06-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=421&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinics+in+laboratory+medicine&rft.issn=02722712&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-10-06 N1 - Date created - 2006-07-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preliminary Findings of Health Promotion Plans among Institutions Caring for Persons with Intellectual Disabilities: A National Survey in Taiwan AN - 61615268; 200704949 AB - Background In encouraging good health for people with intellectual disabilities, health promotion serves as an effective intervention. However, little is known about health promotion strategies for this sector of the population. The objectives of this study were to describe the current profile of health promotion planning among institutions caring for people with intellectual disabilities in Taiwan, and to examine differences among institutions. Method The study employed a cross-sectional survey of 157 directors of institutions caring for people with intellectual disabilities in Taiwan. A structured questionnaire was posted to obtain information relating to the planning, budget appropriations, and decision-making processes concerning health promotion at these institutions. Results A total of 120 directors of institutions completed the posted questionnaire. Health promotion plans were operative at 88.4% of the institutions. Among these institutions, 82 settings (76.6%) set aside funding on an annual basis for health promotion programmes for people with intellectual disabilities. With regard to budget spending, most of the respondents did not know exactly what percentage of the annual budget was spent on the health promotion programmes operating in their institutions. The process of health promotion implementation was multidisciplinary and intersectoral in terms of the staff involved. Those institutions that employed skilled nurses were more likely to run health promotion programmes than those institutions without nursing staff. Conclusions Further research should be focused on the efficacy of health promotion programmes for people with intellectual disabilities, and on the creation of supportive environments in institutions for enabling these people to participate in the process of decision-making on health promotion issues. Tables, Figures, 3. Adapted from the source document. JF - Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities AU - Lin, Jin-Ding AU - Loh, Ching-Hui AU - Yen, Chia-Feng AU - Lee, Jiunn-Tay AU - Chwo, Miao-Ju AU - Wu, Jia-Ling AU - Li, Chi-Wei AU - Lin, Ya-Wen AD - *School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, National Defense University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China Y1 - 2006/06// PY - 2006 DA - June 2006 SP - 208 EP - 213 PB - Blackwell Publishing, Oxford UK VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 1360-2322, 1360-2322 KW - health promotion KW - institution KW - intellectual disability KW - Taiwan KW - Handicapped KW - Health Planning KW - Public Health KW - Mentally Retarded KW - article KW - 2045: sociology of health and medicine; sociology of medicine & health care UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61615268?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Research+in+Intellectual+Disabilities&rft.atitle=Preliminary+Findings+of+Health+Promotion+Plans+among+Institutions+Caring+for+Persons+with+Intellectual+Disabilities%3A+A+National+Survey+in+Taiwan&rft.au=Lin%2C+Jin-Ding%3BLoh%2C+Ching-Hui%3BYen%2C+Chia-Feng%3BLee%2C+Jiunn-Tay%3BChwo%2C+Miao-Ju%3BWu%2C+Jia-Ling%3BLi%2C+Chi-Wei%3BLin%2C+Ya-Wen&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=Jin-Ding&rft.date=2006-06-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=208&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Research+in+Intellectual+Disabilities&rft.issn=13602322&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1468-3148.2005.00252.x LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Health Planning; Public Health; Handicapped; Mentally Retarded; Taiwan DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3148.2005.00252.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Disruptive Military Innovation and the War on Terror: Some Thoughts for Perfect Opponents AN - 59734651; 200700208 AB - The analysis of contemporary terrorism as disruptive military innovations places modern democracies as ideal opponents, & is argued to require special concern with developing counterstrategies. Analysis of terrorism as disruptive military innovation identifies the three phases of terrorism as protracted revolutionary war, the preferred modes of operation in relation to characterization of past & present perfect opponents. Critical vulnerabilities of modern democracies are delineated as strategic impatience, sluggishness of bureaucratic systems, high level media coverage of terrorist action, & novel technology-linkage failure. Suggestions for competitive strategies for perfect opponents would include emulation, off-setting, or by-passing in various domains as exemplified in French strategies during the Hundred Years War. The authors conclude that the US Executive Branch review strategy for the war on terror requires a much more public discussion, & presents questions that should be addressed. Tables, References. J. Harwell JF - Defense & Security Analysis AU - Franck, Raymond E AU - Pierce, Terry C AD - Graduate School Business & Public Policy, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2006/06// PY - 2006 DA - June 2006 SP - 123 EP - 140 PB - Taylor & Francis, Oxfordshire UK VL - 22 IS - 2 SN - 1475-1798, 1475-1798 KW - Military Strategy KW - Terrorism KW - War KW - United States of America KW - Foreign Policy KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59734651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Defense+%26+Security+Analysis&rft.atitle=Disruptive+Military+Innovation+and+the+War+on+Terror%3A+Some+Thoughts+for+Perfect+Opponents&rft.au=Franck%2C+Raymond+E%3BPierce%2C+Terry+C&rft.aulast=Franck&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rft.date=2006-06-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Defense+%26+Security+Analysis&rft.issn=14751798&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F14751790600763997 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Terrorism; War; Foreign Policy; Military Strategy; United States of America DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14751790600763997 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Managing Defense Infrastructure: The Case of Military Housing AN - 59732541; 200700280 AB - The simple static optimization model that is used to determine governments choice between direct & indirect defense infrastructure is applied to the DoD military housing costs to argue that simple models offer insights to public-private owned partnerships such as the Military House Privatization Initiative (MHPI) & Base Realignment & Closure (BRAC) actions. Explanation & application of the quantitative model indicates that the correlation between supply & demand can establish the optimum levels, & the impacts of increases in public demand for national security distinguish the effects on direct & indirect infrastructure. The model is concluded to shed light on the relative productivenes of government & private enterprises, & to support the BRAC actions in such cases as the MHPI. Tables, Figures, References. J. Harwell JF - Defense & Security Analysis AU - Melese, Francois AU - Airola, Jim AD - Defense Resources Management Instit, School International Graduate Studies, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2006/06// PY - 2006 DA - June 2006 SP - 179 EP - 189 PB - Taylor & Francis, Oxfordshire UK VL - 22 IS - 2 SN - 1475-1798, 1475-1798 KW - Infrastructure KW - Defense Policy KW - Public Sector Private Sector Relations KW - Housing KW - National Security KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59732541?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Defense+%26+Security+Analysis&rft.atitle=Managing+Defense+Infrastructure%3A+The+Case+of+Military+Housing&rft.au=Melese%2C+Francois%3BAirola%2C+Jim&rft.aulast=Melese&rft.aufirst=Francois&rft.date=2006-06-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Defense+%26+Security+Analysis&rft.issn=14751798&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F14751790600764052 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Infrastructure; Defense Policy; Housing; Public Sector Private Sector Relations; National Security DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14751790600764052 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - France's New Nuclear Doctrine AN - 59729163; 200617315 AB - The new nuclear deterrence doctrine announced by President Jacques Chirac in January 2006 has rightly been recognized as a milestone, although in fact several of the key changes in policy were set forth in June 2001. While France remains determined to deter major power threats, its main new preoccupation is deterring regional powers by making clear that it has developed more employable nuclear options. The innovations announced in January 2006 include the focus on deterring state sponsors of terrorism, the threat to attach an enemy's "capacity to act", the more discriminate & controllable employment options, the willingness to launch "final warning" strikes, the description of "strategic supplies" as a potential vital interest, & the presentation of nuclear deterrence as the foundation of a strategy of prevention &, when necessary, conventional military intervention. Several factors may have led Chirac to make the speech at this juncture. These include maintaining the credibility of deterrence & presidential power, sustaining the budgetary effort required for the nuclear posture, clarifying French deterrence doctrine for external & internal audiences, & sending a message of autonomy to Iran's & France's key European partners. The new doctrine's implications include its significance for deterrence & non-proliferation & for France's relations with its partners in NATO & the European Union. Adapted from the source document. JF - International Affairs AU - Yost, David S AD - US Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2006/06// PY - 2006 DA - June 2006 SP - 701 EP - 721 PB - Blackwell Publishing, Oxford UK VL - 82 IS - 4 SN - 0020-5850, 0020-5850 KW - France KW - Iran KW - Prevention KW - Defense Policy KW - European Union KW - International Alliances KW - Deterrence KW - Military Intervention KW - Nuclear Weapons KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59729163?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Affairs&rft.atitle=France%27s+New+Nuclear+Doctrine&rft.au=Yost%2C+David+S&rft.aulast=Yost&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2006-06-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=701&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Affairs&rft.issn=00205850&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Deterrence; France; Nuclear Weapons; Military Intervention; Defense Policy; Iran; European Union; Prevention; International Alliances ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Webs of Smoke: Drugs and Small Wars AN - 59713015; 200613944 AB - War & drugs share many characteristics -- both are destructive of human life, though highly profitable to a few, & efforts to regulate them have failed. In fact, at various times throughout history, war & drugs have been intertwined, prolonging human suffering, bedeviling political leaders & enriching a select few. The pernicious role of drugs in organized political violence is often overlooked. Drugs have been the cause of war, the funding for military operations, used by combatants & a part of the post-war political landscape. The insidious nature of drugs is especially visible in a certain type of war -- small wars -- yet is virtually unexamined by scholars & decision-makers. Adapted from the source document. JF - Small Wars and Insurgencies AU - Kan, Paul R AD - United States Army War Coll, Carlisle Barracks, PA paul.kan@carlisle.army.mil Y1 - 2006/06// PY - 2006 DA - June 2006 SP - 148 EP - 162 PB - Taylor & Francis, Abingdon UK VL - 17 IS - 2 SN - 0959-2318, 0959-2318 KW - Political Violence KW - War KW - Drugs KW - Victimization KW - Drug Trafficking KW - article KW - 9141: political economy; political economy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59713015?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Small+Wars+and+Insurgencies&rft.atitle=Webs+of+Smoke%3A+Drugs+and+Small+Wars&rft.au=Kan%2C+Paul+R&rft.aulast=Kan&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2006-06-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=148&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Small+Wars+and+Insurgencies&rft.issn=09592318&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F09592310600562910 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - War; Drugs; Drug Trafficking; Victimization; Political Violence DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09592310600562910 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human rights, the rule of law, and development in Africa AN - 37755086; 3285125 JF - Journal of modern African studies AU - Zeleza, Paul Tiyambe AU - McConnaughay, Philip J AU - Hougnikpo, Mathurin C AU - Hougnikpo, Mathurin C AD - Africa Center for Strategic Studies/NDU Y1 - 2006/06// PY - 2006 DA - Jun 2006 SP - 345 EP - 346 VL - 44 IS - 2 SN - 0022-278X, 0022-278X KW - Anthropology KW - Human rights KW - Rule of law KW - Area studies KW - African studies KW - Africa KW - Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/37755086?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+modern+African+studies&rft.atitle=Human+rights%2C+the+rule+of+law%2C+and+development+in+Africa&rft.au=Zeleza%2C+Paul+Tiyambe%3BMcConnaughay%2C+Philip+J%3BHougnikpo%2C+Mathurin+C&rft.aulast=Zeleza&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2006-06-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=345&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+modern+African+studies&rft.issn=0022278X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6103 11032 9705; 11146 7253; 3483; 633 1247; 1247; 2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - When peacekeepers fail thousands are going to die. The ETO in Rwanda: a story of deception AN - 36532327; 3324948 JF - Small wars and insurgencies AU - Tripodi, Paolo AD - Marine Corps University Y1 - 2006/06// PY - 2006 DA - Jun 2006 SP - 221 EP - 236 VL - 17 IS - 2 SN - 0959-2318, 0959-2318 KW - Political Science KW - Humanitarianism KW - Conflict KW - Violence KW - Rwanda KW - International relations KW - Extremism KW - Case studies KW - International conflicts KW - Soldiers KW - Civilians KW - United Nations KW - Genocide KW - Peace keeping KW - Murder UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36532327?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Small+wars+and+insurgencies&rft.atitle=When+peacekeepers+fail+thousands+are+going+to+die.+The+ETO+in+Rwanda%3A+a+story+of+deception&rft.au=Tripodi%2C+Paolo&rft.aulast=Tripodi&rft.aufirst=Paolo&rft.date=2006-06-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Small+wars+and+insurgencies&rft.issn=09592318&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F09592310600562852 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 9303; 2056 10902; 2698; 12061 8072 6099; 6119 9680; 13325; 8393 3015 11881; 2318 556; 6701 2698; 5463 8393 3015 11881; 4703; 13113 6772 9030; 6784; 354 82 2 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09592310600562852 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Prevalence of Admission for Sarcoma in the Military Health System during 2002-2003 AN - 20544138; 8081169 AB - The etiology of sarcomas is not clear. Environmental exposures have been implicated as potential agents in the development of some sarcomas, but more research is needed. The military health system (MHS) may be able to provide population-based information regarding sarcomas. Discharge diagnoses for bone sarcoma and soft tissue sarcoma were searched within a large administrative database maintained by the U.S. military. There were >200 cases of bone sarcoma and >300 cases of soft tissue sarcoma during the 2-year study period of 2002-2003. The crude prevalence of admission for bone sarcoma within the MHS was 1.2 cases per 100,000 per year. The crude prevalence of admission for soft tissue sarcoma was 1.7 cases per 100,000 per year. These statistics suggest that the MHS may be used to test hypotheses regarding sarcoma epidemiological features, especially for studies that concern military-related exposures. However, nearly 70% of the military beneficiaries who were sarcoma patients were admitted to civilian hospitals, as opposed to military treatment facilities. Therefore, population-based studies of sarcoma patients in the MHS should seek means to capture data for patients who are treated outside military facilities. The database used for this study may provide important information regarding these patients. In addition, military health care planners may use the information from this study to develop referral strategies within the MHS. JF - Military Medicine AU - Schaefer, R A AU - Crawford, R S AD - Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and U.S. Military Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA Y1 - 2006/06// PY - 2006 DA - Jun 2006 SP - 526 EP - 529 VL - 171 IS - 6 SN - 0026-4075, 0026-4075 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Bone KW - Etiology KW - USA KW - Health care KW - Sarcoma KW - Military KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20544138?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Military+Medicine&rft.atitle=The+Prevalence+of+Admission+for+Sarcoma+in+the+Military+Health+System+during+2002-2003&rft.au=Schaefer%2C+R+A%3BCrawford%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Schaefer&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2006-06-01&rft.volume=171&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=526&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Military+Medicine&rft.issn=00264075&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; Military; Bone; Etiology; Health care; Sarcoma ER - TY - JOUR T1 - How Do Job Stress and Ergonomic Factors Impact Clinic Visits in Acute Low Back Pain? A Prospective Study AN - 19793459; 7245056 AB - Objectives: We sought to identify whether ergonomic factors, job stress, health behavior, and emotional distress are prospectively related to return visits for acute back pain. Methods: A total of 368 U.S. Army soldiers completed a baseline survey of health and work factors at their first visit for back pain. Multivariable regression and structural equation modeling were used to describe the relationships among ergonomic exposure, job stress, smoking, and emotional distress and their ability to predict repeat clinic visits. Results: The path analysis indicated that higher levels of ergonomic exposures were directly related to increased job stress ( beta = 0.29). Higher levels of job stress were directly related to higher levels of general distress ( beta = --35). General distress ( beta = --0.70) and smoking ( beta = 0.67) were directly linked to clinic visits. Conclusions: Efforts to directly impact emotional distress or indirectly reduce distress by intervening at the levels of ergonomic risks and psychosocial workplace stress should prove useful in the management of acute low back pain. JF - Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine AU - Feuerstein, M AU - Harrington, C B AU - Lopez, M AU - Haufler, A AD - Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA, mfeuerstein@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2006/06// PY - 2006 DA - Jun 2006 SP - 607 EP - 614 VL - 48 IS - 6 SN - 1076-2752, 1076-2752 KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Psychology KW - Stress KW - Low back pain KW - Working conditions KW - Ergonomics KW - Occupational health KW - R2 23080:Industrial and labor KW - H 10000:Ergonomics/Human Factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19793459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Occupational+and+Environmental+Medicine&rft.atitle=How+Do+Job+Stress+and+Ergonomic+Factors+Impact+Clinic+Visits+in+Acute+Low+Back+Pain%3F+A+Prospective+Study&rft.au=Feuerstein%2C+M%3BHarrington%2C+C+B%3BLopez%2C+M%3BHaufler%2C+A&rft.aulast=Feuerstein&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2006-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2006+Greater+Everglades+Ecosystem+Restoration+Conference+%28GEER+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Psychology; Stress; Low back pain; Ergonomics; Working conditions; Occupational health DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.jom.0000205836.48069.aa ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of Pharmacological Approaches to Plant-Mammal Interactions AN - 19493011; 7187803 AB - The dominant theory in the field of mammalian herbivore-plant interactions is that intake, and therefore tolerance, of plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) is regulated by mechanisms that reduce absorption and increase detoxification of PSMs. Methods designed by pharmacologists to measure detoxification enzyme activity, metabolite excretion, and most recently, drug absorption, have been successfully applied by ecologists to study PSM intake in a variety of mammalian study systems. Here, we describe several pharmacological and molecular techniques used to investigate the fate of drugs in human that have potential to further advance knowledge of mammalian herbivore-plant interactions. JF - Journal of Chemical Ecology AU - Sorensen, Jennifer S AU - Skopec, Michele M AU - Dearing, MDenise AD - NPS Pharmaceuticals, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA, jssorensen4b@yahoo.com Y1 - 2006/06// PY - 2006 DA - Jun 2006 SP - 1229 EP - 1246 PB - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 32 IS - 6 SN - 0098-0331, 0098-0331 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Detoxification KW - Secondary metabolites KW - Enzymes KW - Excretion KW - Metabolites KW - Drugs KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19493011?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chemical+Ecology&rft.atitle=Application+of+Pharmacological+Approaches+to+Plant-Mammal+Interactions&rft.au=Sorensen%2C+Jennifer+S%3BSkopec%2C+Michele+M%3BDearing%2C+MDenise&rft.aulast=Sorensen&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2006-06-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1229&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Chemical+Ecology&rft.issn=00980331&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10886-006-9086-z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Detoxification; Enzymes; Secondary metabolites; Metabolites; Excretion; Drugs DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10886-006-9086-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stand and landscape level effects of a major outbreak of spruce beetles on forest vegetation in the Copper River Basin, Alaska AN - 19437703; 6855172 AB - From 1989 to 2003, a widespread outbreak of spruce beetles (Dendroctonus rufipennis) in the Copper River Basin, Alaska, infested over 275,000ha of forests in the region. During 1997 and 1998, we measured forest vegetation structure and composition on one hundred and thirty-six 20-mx20-m plots to assess both the immediate stand and landscape level effects of the spruce beetle infestation. A photo-interpreted vegetation and infestation map was produced using color-infrared aerial photography at a scale of 1:40,000. We used linear regression to quantify the effects of the outbreak on forest structure and composition. White spruce (Picea glauca) canopy cover and basal area of medium-to-large trees [>=15cm diameter-at-breast height (1.3m, dbh)] were reduced linearly as the number of trees attacked by spruce beetles increased. Black spruce (Picea mariana) and small diameter white spruce (<15cm dbh) were infrequently attacked and killed by spruce beetles. This selective attack of mature white spruce reduced structural complexity of stands to earlier stages of succession and caused mixed tree species stands to lose their white spruce and become more homogeneous in overstory composition. Using the resulting regressions, we developed a transition matrix to describe changes in vegetation types under varying levels of spruce beetle infestations, and applied the model to the vegetation map. Prior to the outbreak, our study area was composed primarily of stands of mixed white and black spruce (29% of area) and pure white spruce (25%). However, the selective attack on white spruce caused many of these stands to transition to black spruce dominated stands (73% increase in area) or shrublands (26% increase in area). The post-infestation landscape was thereby composed of more even distributions of shrubland and white, black, and mixed spruce communities (17-22% of study area). Changes in the cover and composition of understory vegetation were less evident in this study. However, stands with the highest mortality due to spruce beetles had the lowest densities of white spruce seedlings suggesting a longer forest regeneration time without an increase in seedling germination, growth, or survival. JF - Forest Ecology and Management AU - Allen, J L AU - Wesser, S AU - Markon, C J AU - Winterberger, K C AD - Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve, P.O. Box 439, Copper Center, AK 99573, USA, Jennifer_allen@nps.gov Y1 - 2006/06/01/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Jun 01 SP - 257 EP - 266 PB - Elsevier B.V. VL - 227 IS - 3 SN - 0378-1127, 0378-1127 KW - Bark beetles KW - Black spruce KW - Coleoptera KW - Spruce beetle KW - White spruce KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - USA, Alaska KW - Forest management KW - Scolytidae KW - Trees KW - Landscape KW - Dendroctonus rufipennis KW - River basins KW - Picea glauca KW - Pest outbreaks KW - Infestation KW - Picea mariana KW - Seedlings KW - D 04700:Management KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Z 05207:Agricultural & general applied entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19437703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.atitle=Stand+and+landscape+level+effects+of+a+major+outbreak+of+spruce+beetles+on+forest+vegetation+in+the+Copper+River+Basin%2C+Alaska&rft.au=Allen%2C+J+L%3BWesser%2C+S%3BMarkon%2C+C+J%3BWinterberger%2C+K+C&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2006-06-01&rft.volume=227&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.issn=03781127&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.foreco.2006.02.040 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Forest management; Infestation; Trees; Landscape; Seedlings; River basins; Pest outbreaks; Scolytidae; Picea mariana; Dendroctonus rufipennis; Picea glauca; USA, Alaska DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2006.02.040 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental evaluation of overhanging bamboo in Anopheles darlingi larval habitat selection in Belize, Central America AN - 19340046; 8704261 AB - Previous studies in Belize have shown the preferred breeding habitats of the malaria vector Anopheles darlingi were floating detritus patches within riverine systems that were associated with overhanging bamboo. The present study focused on an experimental evaluation of overhanging bamboo in An. darlingi habitat selection using larval counts as an indicator of attractiveness. Four sets of 1-m2 floating screened enclosures were placed at a location with a documented presence of both larval and adult An. darlingi populations. Each enclosure set comprised a control (i.e., open water) and three other experimental treatments consisting of: 1) detritus, 2) detritus with overhanging bamboo, and 3) overhanging bamboo alone. Larvae were sampled from all treatments on Day 5, Day 11, and Day 17 post-setup. A total of 2,461 An. darlingi larvae were collected and identified from three trials conducted from March-May 2002. Of these, 1,997 larvae were sampled from detritus treatments, 256 from enclosures with bamboo and detritus, 139 from bamboo treatments, and 69 from control enclosures. The detritus treatment had a significantly higher average count of An. darlingi larvae than the other treatments (P<0.01), and no difference existed between the control treatment and the treatment containing overhanging bamboo alone (P=0.423). More importantly, enclosures containing the overhanging bamboo with detritus treatments did not have greater larval populations than the enclosures with only detritus. These data suggest that bamboo does not contribute to An. darlingi larval habitat attractiveness but may function as a barrier to surface water flow causing the lodging of debris, the preferred habitat, that will then attract gravid females for oviposition. JF - Journal of Vector Ecology AU - Achee, Nicole L AU - Grieco, John P AU - Andre, Richard G AU - Roberts, Donald R AU - Rejmankova, Eliska AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, U.S.A Y1 - 2006/06// PY - 2006 DA - Jun 2006 SP - 145 EP - 151 PB - Society for Vector Ecology VL - 31 IS - 1 SN - 1081-1710, 1081-1710 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - An. darlingi KW - habitat selection KW - larval enclosures KW - bamboo KW - Belize KW - Data processing KW - Surface water KW - Attraction KW - Vectors KW - Lodging KW - Malaria KW - Habitat KW - Habitat selection KW - Breeding KW - Anopheles darlingi KW - Detritus KW - Oviposition KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - K 03400:Human Diseases KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19340046?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Vector+Ecology&rft.atitle=Experimental+evaluation+of+overhanging+bamboo+in+Anopheles+darlingi+larval+habitat+selection+in+Belize%2C+Central+America&rft.au=Achee%2C+Nicole+L%3BGrieco%2C+John+P%3BAndre%2C+Richard+G%3BRoberts%2C+Donald+R%3BRejmankova%2C+Eliska&rft.aulast=Achee&rft.aufirst=Nicole&rft.date=2006-06-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Vector+Ecology&rft.issn=10811710&rft_id=info:doi/10.3376%2F1081-1710%282006%29312.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Breeding; Surface water; Attraction; Vectors; Malaria; Lodging; Habitat selection; Habitat; Oviposition; Detritus; Anopheles darlingi DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3376/1081-1710(2006)31[145:EEOOBI]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of Environmental Variation in a Great Plains Reservoir Using Principal Components Analysis and Geographic Information Systems AN - 19277046; 7018852 AB - We present a method for spatial interpretation of environmental variation in a reservoir that integrates principal components analysis (PCA) of environmental data with geographic information systems (GIS). To illustrate our method, we used data from a Great Plains reservoir (Skiatook Lake, Oklahoma) with longitudinal variation in physicochemical conditions. We measured 18 physicochemical features, mapped them using GIS, and then calculated and interpreted four principal components. Principal component 1 (PC1) was readily interpreted as longitudinal variation in water chemistry, but the other principal components (PC2-4) were difficult to interpret. Site scores for PC1-4 were calculated in GIS by summing weighted overlays of the 18 measured environmental variables, with the factor loadings from the PCA as the weights. PC1-4 were then ordered into a landscape hierarchy, an emergent property of this technique, which enabled their interpretation. PC1 was interpreted as a reservoir scale change in water chemistry, PC2 was a microhabitat variable of rip-rap substrate, PC3 identified coves/embayments and PC4 consisted of shoreline microhabitats related to slope. The use of GIS improved our ability to interpret the more obscure principal components (PC2-4), which made the spatial variability of the reservoir environment more apparent. This method is applicable to a variety of aquatic systems, can be accomplished using commercially available software programs, and allows for improved interpretation of the geographic environmental variability of a system compared to using typical PCA plots. JF - Lake and Reservoir Management AU - Long, J M AU - Fisher, W L AD - National Park Service, 1978 Island Ford Parkway, Atlanta, GA 30350, USA, jim_long@nps.gov Y1 - 2006/06// PY - 2006 DA - Jun 2006 SP - 132 EP - 140 VL - 22 IS - 2 SN - 1040-2381, 1040-2381 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Variability KW - Water reservoirs KW - Principal Component Analysis KW - Microhabitats KW - Physicochemical properties KW - Chemical limnology KW - Identification KW - Spatial variations KW - USA, Oklahoma, Skiatook L. KW - Reservoir Management KW - Lakes KW - Weight KW - Mapping KW - Slopes KW - Reservoirs KW - GIS KW - Geographical Information Systems KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - Q2 09182:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19277046?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lake+and+Reservoir+Management&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+Environmental+Variation+in+a+Great+Plains+Reservoir+Using+Principal+Components+Analysis+and+Geographic+Information+Systems&rft.au=Long%2C+J+M%3BFisher%2C+W+L&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2006-06-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=132&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Lake+and+Reservoir+Management&rft.issn=10402381&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Spatial variations; Water reservoirs; Physicochemical properties; Microhabitats; Chemical limnology; Mapping; Identification; GIS; Reservoir Management; Lakes; Variability; Weight; Principal Component Analysis; Slopes; Reservoirs; Geographical Information Systems; USA, Oklahoma, Skiatook L. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Shiga toxin of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli type O157:H7 promotes intestinal colonization AN - 17273393; 6998813 AB - Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) 0157:H7 is a food-borne pathogen that can cause bloody diarrhea and, occasionally, acute renal failure as a consequence of Shiga toxin (Stx) production by the organism. Stxs are potent cytotoxins that are lethal to animals at low doses. Thus, Stxs not only harm the host but, as reported here, also significantly enhance the capacity of EHEC O157:H7 to adhere to epithelial cells and to colonize the intestines of mice. Tissue culture experiments showed that this toxin-mediated increase in bacterial adherence correlated with an Stx-evoked increase in a eukaryotic receptor for the EHEC O157:H7 attachment factor intimin. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA AU - Robinson, Cory M AU - Sinclair, James F AU - Smith, Michael J AU - O'Brien, Alison D AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799 Y1 - 2006/06// PY - 2006 DA - Jun 2006 SP - 9667 EP - 9672 PB - National Academy of Sciences, 2101 Constitution Ave. Washington DC 20418 USA VL - 103 IS - 25 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Epithelial cells KW - Diarrhea KW - Cytotoxins KW - Food KW - Renal failure KW - Pathogens KW - Tissue culture KW - Cell adhesion KW - Colonization KW - Escherichia coli KW - Intestine KW - Shiga toxin KW - Intimin KW - X 24500:Reviews, Legislation, Book & Conference Notices KW - J 02330:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17273393?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.atitle=Shiga+toxin+of+enterohemorrhagic+Escherichia+coli+type+O157%3AH7+promotes+intestinal+colonization&rft.au=Robinson%2C+Cory+M%3BSinclair%2C+James+F%3BSmith%2C+Michael+J%3BO%27Brien%2C+Alison+D&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Cory&rft.date=2006-06-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=25&rft.spage=9667&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Epithelial cells; Colonization; Diarrhea; Food; Cytotoxins; Intestine; Renal failure; Tissue culture; Pathogens; Intimin; Shiga toxin; Cell adhesion; Escherichia coli ER - TY - JOUR T1 - FAST-TRACK: A southern California freeway is a physical and social barrier to gene flow in carnivores AN - 17208467; 6880264 AB - Roads present formidable barriers to dispersal. We examine movements of two highly mobile carnivores across the Ventura Freeway near Los Angeles, one of the busiest highways in the United States. The two species, bobcats and coyotes, can disappear from habitats isolated and fragmented by roads, and their ability to disperse across the Ventura Freeway tests the limits of vertebrates to overcome anthropogenic obstacles. We combine radio-telemetry data and genetically based assignments to identify individuals that have crossed the freeway. Although the freeway is a significant barrier to dispersal, we find that carnivores can cross the freeway and that 5-32% of sampled carnivores crossed over a 7-year period. However, despite moderate levels of migration, populations on either side of the freeway are genetically differentiated, and coalescent modelling shows their genetic isolation is consistent with a migration fraction less than 0.5% per generation. These results imply that individuals that cross the freeway rarely reproduce. Highways and development impose artificial home range boundaries on territorial and reproductive individuals and hence decrease genetically effective migration. Further, territory pile-up at freeway boundaries may decrease reproductive opportunities for dispersing individuals that do manage to cross. Consequently, freeways are filters favouring dispersing individuals that add to the migration rate but little to gene flow. Our results demonstrate that freeways can restrict gene flow even in wide-ranging species and suggest that for territorial animals, migration levels across anthropogenic barriers need to be an order of magnitude larger than commonly assumed to counteract genetic differentiation. JF - Molecular Ecology AU - Riley, Seth PD AU - Pollinger, John P AU - Sauvajot, Raymond M AU - York, Eric C AU - Bromley, Cassity AU - Fuller, Todd K AU - Wayne, Robert K AD - Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 621 Charles Young Dr. South, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA, Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area, National Park Service, 401 W. Hillcrest Dr., Thousand Oaks, CA 91360, USA, seth_riley@nps.gov Y1 - 2006/06// PY - 2006 DA - Jun 2006 SP - 1733 EP - 1741 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ UK, [URL:http://www.blackwellpublishing.com] VL - 15 IS - 7 SN - 0962-1083, 0962-1083 KW - Carnivores KW - Ecology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Carnivora KW - Genetic isolation KW - Territory KW - Habitat KW - Migration KW - Human impact KW - Filters KW - Gene flow KW - Population differentiation KW - Boundaries KW - Home range KW - Dispersal KW - G 07270:Ecological genetics KW - D 04615:Ecology studies - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17208467?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Ecology&rft.atitle=FAST-TRACK%3A+A+southern+California+freeway+is+a+physical+and+social+barrier+to+gene+flow+in+carnivores&rft.au=Riley%2C+Seth+PD%3BPollinger%2C+John+P%3BSauvajot%2C+Raymond+M%3BYork%2C+Eric+C%3BBromley%2C+Cassity%3BFuller%2C+Todd+K%3BWayne%2C+Robert+K&rft.aulast=Riley&rft.aufirst=Seth&rft.date=2006-06-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1733&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Ecology&rft.issn=09621083&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-294X.2006.02907.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Figures, 4; references, 43. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Filters; Population differentiation; Gene flow; Carnivores; Genetic isolation; Boundaries; Home range; Territory; Dispersal; Habitat; Migration; Human impact; Carnivora DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2006.02907.x ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Preparticipation Screening - Volleyball T2 - 53rd Annual Meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM 2006) AN - 40103741; 4274012 JF - 53rd Annual Meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM 2006) AU - Gonzalez, Rodney S Y1 - 2006/05/31/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 May 31 KW - Screening KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40103741?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=53rd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+College+of+Sports+Medicine+%28ACSM+2006%29&rft.atitle=Preparticipation+Screening+-+Volleyball&rft.au=Gonzalez%2C+Rodney+S&rft.aulast=Gonzalez&rft.aufirst=Rodney&rft.date=2006-05-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=53rd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+College+of+Sports+Medicine+%28ACSM+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/viewer/browseOptions.asp?MKey={560D9D66 -1842-45D5-B76C-58B247ADD44E}&AKey={EE40F514-DBDD-4E5E-B299-2E312F98 0A6E} LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Entrainment and the Fine Structure of the Stratocumulus Cloud Top T2 - 17th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence AN - 40134953; 4280749 JF - 17th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence AU - Wang, Qing AU - Horner, M S AU - Wang, S AU - Kalogiros, J Y1 - 2006/05/22/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 May 22 KW - Clouds KW - Entrainment KW - Ultrastructure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40134953?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=17th+Symposium+on+Boundary+Layers+and+Turbulence&rft.atitle=Entrainment+and+the+Fine+Structure+of+the+Stratocumulus+Cloud+Top&rft.au=Wang%2C+Qing%3BHorner%2C+M+S%3BWang%2C+S%3BKalogiros%2C+J&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Qing&rft.date=2006-05-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=17th+Symposium+on+Boundary+Layers+and+Turbulence&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/BLTAgFBioA/techprogram/programexpanded_351.h tm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - A Reactive Transport Model to Describe In Situ Perchlorate Bioremediation T2 - Fifth International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds AN - 40115767; 4255699 JF - Fifth International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds AU - Goltz, M AU - Huang, J AU - Hatzinger, P AU - Diebold, J AU - Farhan, Y AU - Neville, S Y1 - 2006/05/22/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 May 22 KW - Bioremediation KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40115767?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Fifth+International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.atitle=A+Reactive+Transport+Model+to+Describe+In+Situ+Perchlorate+Bioremediation&rft.au=Goltz%2C+M%3BHuang%2C+J%3BHatzinger%2C+P%3BDiebold%2C+J%3BFarhan%2C+Y%3BNeville%2C+S&rft.aulast=Goltz&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2006-05-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fifth+International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.battelle.org/environment/er/conferences/chlorcon/preliminar yprogram.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - VPA Regulates Dexamethasone Induced Changes in Surface and Synaptic Expression of AMPA Receptors T2 - 61st Annual Convention and Scientific Program of the Society of Biological Psychiatry AN - 40109396; 4278664 JF - 61st Annual Convention and Scientific Program of the Society of Biological Psychiatry AU - Zhou, Rulun AU - Li, Xiaoxia AU - Zhang, Lei Y1 - 2006/05/18/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 May 18 KW - Valproic acid KW - Dexamethasone KW - ^a-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40109396?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=61st+Annual+Convention+and+Scientific+Program+of+the+Society+of+Biological+Psychiatry&rft.atitle=VPA+Regulates+Dexamethasone+Induced+Changes+in+Surface+and+Synaptic+Expression+of+AMPA+Receptors&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Rulun%3BLi%2C+Xiaoxia%3BZhang%2C+Lei&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Rulun&rft.date=2006-05-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=61st+Annual+Convention+and+Scientific+Program+of+the+Society+of+Biological+Psychiatry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/viewer/browseOptions.asp?MKey={F7F4134E -570F-4853-BAB0-69D52F24DB5F}&AKey={FAC598DF-6BB8-4F90-B2DC-BC7CC481 998B} LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Inside Observer Decompression Sickness: Is there a Dose-Response Relationship Based on the Number of Exposures Per Month? T2 - 77th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Aerospace Medical Association (ASMA 2006) AN - 40015022; 4216637 JF - 77th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Aerospace Medical Association (ASMA 2006) AU - Butler, William P AU - Cameron, Jeanne H AU - Patzkowski, Michael S Y1 - 2006/05/14/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 May 14 KW - Dose-response effects KW - Decompression KW - Decompression sickness KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40015022?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=77th+Annual+Scientific+Meeting+of+the+Aerospace+Medical+Association+%28ASMA+2006%29&rft.atitle=Inside+Observer+Decompression+Sickness%3A+Is+there+a+Dose-Response+Relationship+Based+on+the+Number+of+Exposures+Per+Month%3F&rft.au=Butler%2C+William+P%3BCameron%2C+Jeanne+H%3BPatzkowski%2C+Michael+S&rft.aulast=Butler&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2006-05-14&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+Nuclear+Medicine&rft.issn=09147187&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2FBF03027381 L2 - http://www.asma.org/meeting/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Effects of Changing the Maximum Altitude from 43,000 Feet to 35,000 Feet in USAF Altitude Chamber Training T2 - 77th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Aerospace Medical Association (ASMA 2006) AN - 39977455; 4216592 JF - 77th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Aerospace Medical Association (ASMA 2006) AU - Hancock, Miranda L AU - Butler, William P AU - Johanson, David C Y1 - 2006/05/14/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 May 14 KW - Training KW - Altitude KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39977455?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=77th+Annual+Scientific+Meeting+of+the+Aerospace+Medical+Association+%28ASMA+2006%29&rft.atitle=The+Effects+of+Changing+the+Maximum+Altitude+from+43%2C000+Feet+to+35%2C000+Feet+in+USAF+Altitude+Chamber+Training&rft.au=Hancock%2C+Miranda+L%3BButler%2C+William+P%3BJohanson%2C+David+C&rft.aulast=Hancock&rft.aufirst=Miranda&rft.date=2006-05-14&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=77th+Annual+Scientific+Meeting+of+the+Aerospace+Medical+Association+%28ASMA+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.asma.org/meeting/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - HSI in Air Mobility Operations T2 - 77th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Aerospace Medical Association (ASMA 2006) AN - 39941092; 4216740 JF - 77th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Aerospace Medical Association (ASMA 2006) AU - Wood, Rawson L Y1 - 2006/05/14/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 May 14 KW - Mobility KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39941092?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=77th+Annual+Scientific+Meeting+of+the+Aerospace+Medical+Association+%28ASMA+2006%29&rft.atitle=HSI+in+Air+Mobility+Operations&rft.au=Wood%2C+Rawson+L&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=Rawson&rft.date=2006-05-14&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=77th+Annual+Scientific+Meeting+of+the+Aerospace+Medical+Association+%28ASMA+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.asma.org/meeting/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Immunization of Aged Mice with a Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine When Combined with an Unmethylated CpG-Containing Oligodeoxynucleotide Restores Defective IGG Anti-Polysaccharide Responses and Specific CD4+ T Cell Priming to Young Adult Levels T2 - 2006 Annual Meeting of the American Association of Immunologists (IMMUNOLOGY 2006) AN - 39245819; 4229883 JF - 2006 Annual Meeting of the American Association of Immunologists (IMMUNOLOGY 2006) AU - Chen, Quanyi AU - Sen, Goutam AU - Snapper, Clifford Y1 - 2006/05/12/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 May 12 KW - Vaccines KW - Mice KW - Immunization KW - Oligonucleotides KW - Lymphocytes T KW - CD4 antigen KW - Immunoglobulin G KW - Disease control KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39245819?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2006+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+of+Immunologists+%28IMMUNOLOGY+2006%29&rft.atitle=Immunization+of+Aged+Mice+with+a+Pneumococcal+Conjugate+Vaccine+When+Combined+with+an+Unmethylated+CpG-Containing+Oligodeoxynucleotide+Restores+Defective+IGG+Anti-Polysaccharide+Responses+and+Specific+CD4%2B+T+Cell+Priming+to+Young+Adult+Levels&rft.au=Chen%2C+Quanyi%3BSen%2C+Goutam%3BSnapper%2C+Clifford&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Quanyi&rft.date=2006-05-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2006+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+of+Immunologists+%28IMMUNOLOGY+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://submissions.miracd.com/aai2006/Itinerary/SearchHome.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Fas has Both Maturational and Down Regulatory Roles in CD8+ Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CTL) in Murine Graft-Vs-Host Disease (GVHD) T2 - 2006 Annual Meeting of the American Association of Immunologists (IMMUNOLOGY 2006) AN - 39212550; 4229334 JF - 2006 Annual Meeting of the American Association of Immunologists (IMMUNOLOGY 2006) AU - Puliaev, Roman AU - Puliaeva, Irina AU - Via, Charles Y1 - 2006/05/12/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 May 12 KW - Lymphocytes KW - Cytotoxicity KW - Lymphocytes T KW - CD95 antigen KW - Graft-versus-host reaction KW - CD8 antigen KW - Fas antigen KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39212550?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2006+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+of+Immunologists+%28IMMUNOLOGY+2006%29&rft.atitle=Fas+has+Both+Maturational+and+Down+Regulatory+Roles+in+CD8%2B+Cytotoxic+T+Lymphocytes+%28CTL%29+in+Murine+Graft-Vs-Host+Disease+%28GVHD%29&rft.au=Puliaev%2C+Roman%3BPuliaeva%2C+Irina%3BVia%2C+Charles&rft.aulast=Puliaev&rft.aufirst=Roman&rft.date=2006-05-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2006+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+of+Immunologists+%28IMMUNOLOGY+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://submissions.miracd.com/aai2006/Itinerary/SearchHome.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - POLKADOTS are Signaling Foci in the T Cell Receptor-Mediated Activation of NF-kB T2 - 2006 Annual Meeting of the American Association of Immunologists (IMMUNOLOGY 2006) AN - 39195731; 4230171 JF - 2006 Annual Meeting of the American Association of Immunologists (IMMUNOLOGY 2006) AU - Langel, Felicia AU - Lippincott-Schwartz, Jennifer AU - Patterson, George AU - Rossman, Jeremy AU - Schaefer, Brian AU - Stoicheva, Natalia Y1 - 2006/05/12/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 May 12 KW - T-cell receptor KW - Signal transduction KW - NF- Kappa B protein KW - Cell activation KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39195731?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2006+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+of+Immunologists+%28IMMUNOLOGY+2006%29&rft.atitle=POLKADOTS+are+Signaling+Foci+in+the+T+Cell+Receptor-Mediated+Activation+of+NF-kB&rft.au=Langel%2C+Felicia%3BLippincott-Schwartz%2C+Jennifer%3BPatterson%2C+George%3BRossman%2C+Jeremy%3BSchaefer%2C+Brian%3BStoicheva%2C+Natalia&rft.aulast=Langel&rft.aufirst=Felicia&rft.date=2006-05-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2006+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+of+Immunologists+%28IMMUNOLOGY+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://submissions.miracd.com/aai2006/Itinerary/SearchHome.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - PTH 1-84 More Effectively Induces Jagged-1 mRNA than does PTH 1- 34 in UMR 106-01 Osteoblastic Cells T2 - 33rd European Symposium on Calcified Tissues (ECTS 2006) AN - 40067411; 4208238 JF - 33rd European Symposium on Calcified Tissues (ECTS 2006) AU - Fox, J AU - Pearman, A T AU - Baker, B L AU - Lloyd, N E Y1 - 2006/05/10/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 May 10 KW - Parathyroid hormone KW - Osteoblasts KW - MRNA KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40067411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=33rd+European+Symposium+on+Calcified+Tissues+%28ECTS+2006%29&rft.atitle=PTH+1-84+More+Effectively+Induces+Jagged-1+mRNA+than+does+PTH+1-+34+in+UMR+106-01+Osteoblastic+Cells&rft.au=Fox%2C+J%3BPearman%2C+A+T%3BBaker%2C+B+L%3BLloyd%2C+N+E&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2006-05-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=33rd+European+Symposium+on+Calcified+Tissues+%28ECTS+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ectsoc.org/prague2006/prog/index.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - A No Observable Carcinogenic Effect Dose Level Identified in Fischer 344 Rats Following Daily Treatment with PTH(1-84) for 2 Years: Role of the C-Terminal PTH Receptor? T2 - 33rd European Symposium on Calcified Tissues (ECTS 2006) AN - 40064437; 4208237 JF - 33rd European Symposium on Calcified Tissues (ECTS 2006) AU - Fox, J AU - Smith, S AU - Jolette, J AU - Marriott, T B AU - Wilker, C E Y1 - 2006/05/10/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 May 10 KW - Carcinogenicity KW - Rats KW - Parathyroid hormone KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40064437?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=33rd+European+Symposium+on+Calcified+Tissues+%28ECTS+2006%29&rft.atitle=A+No+Observable+Carcinogenic+Effect+Dose+Level+Identified+in+Fischer+344+Rats+Following+Daily+Treatment+with+PTH%281-84%29+for+2+Years%3A+Role+of+the+C-Terminal+PTH+Receptor%3F&rft.au=Fox%2C+J%3BSmith%2C+S%3BJolette%2C+J%3BMarriott%2C+T+B%3BWilker%2C+C+E&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2006-05-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=33rd+European+Symposium+on+Calcified+Tissues+%28ECTS+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ectsoc.org/prague2006/prog/index.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Treatment of Osteopenic Rhesus Monkeys with Parathyroid Hormone 1-84 for 16 Months Improves Vertebral Trabecular Bone Quantity and Quality T2 - 33rd European Symposium on Calcified Tissues (ECTS 2006) AN - 39928598; 4207993 JF - 33rd European Symposium on Calcified Tissues (ECTS 2006) AU - Fox, J AU - Monreau, I A AU - Smith, S Y AU - Gulberg, R E AU - Turner, C H AU - Newman, M K Y1 - 2006/05/10/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 May 10 KW - Bone (trabecular) KW - Hormones KW - Parathyroid hormone KW - Vertebrae KW - Thyroid KW - Macaca mulatta KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39928598?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=33rd+European+Symposium+on+Calcified+Tissues+%28ECTS+2006%29&rft.atitle=Treatment+of+Osteopenic+Rhesus+Monkeys+with+Parathyroid+Hormone+1-84+for+16+Months+Improves+Vertebral+Trabecular+Bone+Quantity+and+Quality&rft.au=Fox%2C+J%3BMonreau%2C+I+A%3BSmith%2C+S+Y%3BGulberg%2C+R+E%3BTurner%2C+C+H%3BNewman%2C+M+K&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2006-05-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=33rd+European+Symposium+on+Calcified+Tissues+%28ECTS+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ectsoc.org/prague2006/prog/index.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A plant-based oral vaccine to protect against systemic intoxication by Shiga toxin type 2 AN - 17148396; 6811989 AB - Hemolytic uremic syndrome, the leading cause of kidney failure in children, often follows infection with enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli and is mediated by the Shiga type toxins, particularly type 2 (Stx2), produced by such strains. The challenge in protecting against this life-threatening syndrome is to stimulate an immune response at the site of infection while also protecting against Shiga intoxication at distal sites such as the kidney. As one approach to meeting this challenge, we sought to develop and characterize a prototypic orally delivered, plant-based vaccine against Stx2, an AB sub(5) toxin. First, we genetically inactivated the Stx2 active A subunit gene and then optimized both subunit genes for expression in plants. The toxoid genes were then transformed into the Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco) cell line NT-1 by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Toxoid expression was detected in NT-1 cell extracts, and the assembly of the holotoxoid was confirmed. Finally, mice were immunized by feeding with the toxoid-expressing NT-1 cells or by parenteral immunization followed by oral vaccination (prime-boost strategy). The immunized mice produced Stx2-specific mucosal IgA and Stx2-neutralizing serum IgG. The protective efficacy of these responses was assessed by challenging the immunized mice with E. coli O91:H21 strain B2F1, an isolate that produces an activatable variant of Stx2 (Stx2d) and is lethal to mice. The oral immunization fully protected mice from the challenge. Results of this study demonstrated that a plant-based oral vaccine can confer protection against lethal systemic intoxication. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA AU - Wen, Sharon X AU - Teel, Louise D AU - Judge, Nicole A AU - O'Brien, Alison D AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799 Y1 - 2006/05/02/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 May 02 SP - 7082 EP - 7087 PB - National Academy of Sciences, 2101 Constitution Ave. Washington DC 20418 USA VL - 103 IS - 18 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - tobacco KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Intoxication KW - Transformation KW - Feeding KW - Plant protection KW - Mucosa KW - Renal failure KW - Toxoids KW - Nicotiana tabacum KW - Infection KW - Children KW - Vaccination KW - Agrobacterium KW - Immunoglobulin A KW - Parenteral nutrition KW - Hemolytic uremic syndrome KW - Escherichia coli KW - Immunoglobulin G KW - Neurotrophin 1 KW - Immune response KW - Vaccines KW - Shiga toxin KW - W3 33365:Vaccines (other) KW - J 02834:Vaccination and immunization KW - X 24380:Social Poisons & Drug Abuse KW - W2 32365:Vaccines KW - F 06100:Vaccines - active immunity KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17148396?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.atitle=A+plant-based+oral+vaccine+to+protect+against+systemic+intoxication+by+Shiga+toxin+type+2&rft.au=Wen%2C+Sharon+X%3BTeel%2C+Louise+D%3BJudge%2C+Nicole+A%3BO%27Brien%2C+Alison+D&rft.aulast=Wen&rft.aufirst=Sharon&rft.date=2006-05-02&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=7082&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Transformation; Intoxication; Feeding; Plant protection; Mucosa; Renal failure; Toxoids; Children; Infection; Vaccination; Immunoglobulin A; Parenteral nutrition; Hemolytic uremic syndrome; Immunoglobulin G; Neurotrophin 1; Vaccines; Immune response; Shiga toxin; Agrobacterium; Escherichia coli; Nicotiana tabacum ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a murine model of chronic rhinosinusitis. AN - 85387152; pmid-16647523 AB - The aim of this study was to develop a mouse model of chronic eosinophilic rhinosinusitis.Mice were sensitized to Aspergillis fumigatus (Af) extract by intraperitoneal injection. The animals subsequently received nasal challenges with Af extract 3 times per week for 12 weeks. Sinonasal complexes were studied histologically by the study otolaryngologists and pathologists to characterize the inflammatory response.Animal care facility at an academic institution.A chronic eosinophilic inflammatory response was evoked in all study animals. Statistical analysis was performed for inflammation, secretory cell hyperplasia, mast cells, and eosinophils. There were very significant differences (P<0.0005) between control and study mice in all categories.Prolonged nasal challenge of Af extract creates an inflammatory response in murine nasal mucosa that mimics human chronic eosinophilic rhinosinusitis.A murine model for chronic rhinosinusitis is reported that may facilitate future investigations into disease pathophysiology. EBM rating: B-2. JF - Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery AU - Lindsay, Robin AU - Slaughter, Tiffani AU - Britton-Webb, Joy AU - Mog, Steven R AU - Conran, Rich AU - Tadros, Monica AU - Earl, Natalie AU - Fox, David AU - Roberts, John AU - Bolger, William E AD - National Naval Medical Center, and the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20889-5612, USA. rwlindsay@bethesda.med.navy.mil Y1 - 2006/05// PY - 2006 DA - May 2006 SP - 724 EP - 30; discussion 731-2 VL - 134 IS - 5 SN - 0194-5998, 0194-5998 KW - Index Medicus KW - National Library of Medicine KW - Administration, Intranasal KW - Animals KW - Antigens, Fungal: administration & dosage KW - Antigens, Fungal: toxicity KW - Aspergillus fumigatus: immunology KW - Chronic Disease KW - *Disease Models, Animal KW - Disease Progression KW - Eosinophilia: etiology KW - Eosinophilia: pathology KW - Female KW - Follow-Up Studies KW - Mice KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - *Rhinitis: etiology KW - Rhinitis: pathology KW - *Sinusitis: etiology KW - Sinusitis: pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85387152?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Otolaryngology--head+and+neck+surgery+%3A+official+journal+of+American+Academy+of+Otolaryngology-Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+murine+model+of+chronic+rhinosinusitis.&rft.au=Lindsay%2C+Robin%3BSlaughter%2C+Tiffani%3BBritton-Webb%2C+Joy%3BMog%2C+Steven+R%3BConran%2C+Rich%3BTadros%2C+Monica%3BEarl%2C+Natalie%3BFox%2C+David%3BRoberts%2C+John%3BBolger%2C+William+E&rft.aulast=Lindsay&rft.aufirst=Robin&rft.date=2006-05-01&rft.volume=134&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=724&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Otolaryngology--head+and+neck+surgery+%3A+official+journal+of+American+Academy+of+Otolaryngology-Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.issn=01945998&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English (eng) DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2011-12-15 N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Treatment of chronic low back pain with successive injections of botulinum toxin a over 6 months: a prospective trial of 60 patients. AN - 67967009; 16691090 AB - The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of two successive neurotoxin treatments for chronic low back pain using multiple pain rating scales in an open-label, prospective study. Adult patients with chronic low back pain received multiple paraspinal muscle injections with a maximum dosing of 500 units of botulinum A toxin per session. Those with a beneficial clinical response received a second treatment at 4 months. Pain was assessed by visual analog scale (VAS), modified low back pain questionnaire (OLBPQ), and a clinical low back pain questionnaire (CLBPQ) at baseline, 3 weeks, 2 months, 4 months, and 6 months after the first treatment. Eighteen women and 42 men, ages 21 to 79 years (mean 46.6 years), with low back pain of a mean duration of 9.1 years were included. Significant improvement in back and radicular pain occurred at 3 weeks in 60% and at 2 months in 58% of the cohort. Beneficial clinical response to the first injection predicted response to reinjection in 94%. A significant minority of patients had a sustained beneficial effect from the first injection at 4 (16.6%) and 6 months (8.3%). Two patients had a transient flu-like reaction after the initial treatment. Botulinum toxin A improves refractory chronic low back pain with a low incidence of side effects. The beneficial clinical response is sustained with a second treatment. JF - The Clinical journal of pain AU - Ney, John P AU - Difazio, Marc AU - Sichani, Afsoun AU - Monacci, William AU - Foster, Leslie AU - Jabbari, Bahman AD - Department of Neurology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA. John.Ney@na.amedd.army.mil Y1 - 2006/05// PY - 2006 DA - May 2006 SP - 363 EP - 369 VL - 22 IS - 4 SN - 0749-8047, 0749-8047 KW - Neuromuscular Agents KW - 0 KW - Botulinum Toxins, Type A KW - EC 3.4.24.69 KW - Index Medicus KW - Evaluation Studies as Topic KW - Prospective Studies KW - Pain Measurement -- methods KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Surveys and Questionnaires KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Follow-Up Studies KW - Chronic Disease KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Female KW - Low Back Pain -- drug therapy KW - Botulinum Toxins, Type A -- therapeutic use KW - Neuromuscular Agents -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67967009?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Clinical+journal+of+pain&rft.atitle=Treatment+of+chronic+low+back+pain+with+successive+injections+of+botulinum+toxin+a+over+6+months%3A+a+prospective+trial+of+60+patients.&rft.au=Ney%2C+John+P%3BDifazio%2C+Marc%3BSichani%2C+Afsoun%3BMonacci%2C+William%3BFoster%2C+Leslie%3BJabbari%2C+Bahman&rft.aulast=Ney&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2006-05-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=363&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Clinical+journal+of+pain&rft.issn=07498047&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-07-13 N1 - Date created - 2006-05-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A single amino acid substitution in the enzymatic domain of cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 1 of Escherichia coli alters the tissue culture phenotype to that of the dermonecrotic toxin of Bordetella spp. AN - 67943437; 16677305 AB - Cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 1 (CNF1) and dermonecrotic toxin (DNT) share homology within their catalytic domains and possess deamidase and transglutaminase activities. Although each toxin has a preferred enzymatic activity (i.e. deamidation for CNF1 and transglutamination for DNT) as well as target substrates, both modify a specific glutamine residue in RhoA, Rac1 and Cdc42, which renders these GTPases constitutively active. Here we show that despite their similar mechanisms of action CNF1 and DNT induced unique phenotypes on HEp-2 and Swiss 3T3 cells. CNF1 induced multinucleation of HEp-2 cells and was cytotoxic for Swiss 3T3 cells (with binucleation of the few surviving cells) while DNT showed no morphological effects on HEp-2 cells but did induce binucleation of Swiss 3T3 cells. To determine if the enzymatic domain of each toxin dictated the induced phenotype, we constructed enzymatically active chimeric toxins and mutant toxins that contained single amino acid substitutions within the catalytic site and tested these molecules in tissue culture and enzymatic assays. Moreover, both site-directed mutant toxins showed reduced time to maximum transglutamination of RhoA compared with the parent toxins. Nevertheless, the substitution of threonine for Lys(1310) in the DNT-based mutant, while affecting transglutamination efficiency of the toxin, did not abrogate that enzymatic activity. JF - Molecular microbiology AU - McNichol, Beth A AU - Rasmussen, Susan B AU - Meysick, Karen C AU - O'Brien, Alison D AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2006/05// PY - 2006 DA - May 2006 SP - 939 EP - 950 VL - 60 IS - 4 SN - 0950-382X, 0950-382X KW - Bacterial Toxins KW - 0 KW - Escherichia coli Proteins KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins KW - Virulence Factors, Bordetella KW - dermonecrotic toxin, Bordetella KW - cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 1 KW - 106803-33-2 KW - Threonine KW - 2ZD004190S KW - Transglutaminases KW - EC 2.3.2.13 KW - rhoA GTP-Binding Protein KW - EC 3.6.5.2 KW - Lysine KW - K3Z4F929H6 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Threonine -- genetics KW - Lysine -- chemistry KW - Humans KW - Escherichia coli -- enzymology KW - Mice KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins -- toxicity KW - Lysine -- genetics KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins -- metabolism KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Phenotype KW - rhoA GTP-Binding Protein -- drug effects KW - Threonine -- chemistry KW - Catalytic Domain -- genetics KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins -- genetics KW - rhoA GTP-Binding Protein -- chemistry KW - Bordetella -- enzymology KW - Protein Structure, Tertiary KW - Swiss 3T3 Cells KW - Escherichia coli Proteins -- toxicity KW - Virulence Factors, Bordetella -- toxicity KW - Transglutaminases -- genetics KW - Virulence Factors, Bordetella -- genetics KW - Cell Nucleus -- drug effects KW - Bacterial Toxins -- genetics KW - Virulence Factors, Bordetella -- metabolism KW - Escherichia coli Proteins -- metabolism KW - Bacterial Toxins -- metabolism KW - Transglutaminases -- metabolism KW - Bacterial Toxins -- toxicity KW - Transglutaminases -- toxicity KW - Amino Acid Substitution KW - Escherichia coli Proteins -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67943437?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+microbiology&rft.atitle=A+single+amino+acid+substitution+in+the+enzymatic+domain+of+cytotoxic+necrotizing+factor+type+1+of+Escherichia+coli+alters+the+tissue+culture+phenotype+to+that+of+the+dermonecrotic+toxin+of+Bordetella+spp.&rft.au=McNichol%2C+Beth+A%3BRasmussen%2C+Susan+B%3BMeysick%2C+Karen+C%3BO%27Brien%2C+Alison+D&rft.aulast=McNichol&rft.aufirst=Beth&rft.date=2006-05-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=939&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+microbiology&rft.issn=0950382X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-08-21 N1 - Date created - 2006-05-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Antibiotic use in pregnancy and lactation: what is and is not known about teratogenic and toxic risks. AN - 67920819; 16648419 AB - Over ten million women are either pregnant or lactating in the United States at any time. The risks of medication use for these women are unique. In addition to normal physiologic changes that alter the pharmacokinetics of drugs, there is the concern of possible teratogenic and toxic effects on the developing fetus and newborn. This article reviews the risks and pharmacokinetic considerations for 11 broad-spectrum antibiotics that can be used to treat routine and life-threatening infections during pregnancy and lactation. Information from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) product labels, the Teratogen Information Service, REPROTOX, Shepard's Catalog of Teratogenic Agents, Clinical Pharmacology, and the peer-reviewed medical literature was reviewed concerning the use of 11 antibiotics in pregnant and lactating women. The PubMed search engine was used with the search terms "[antibiotic name] and pregnancy," "[antibiotic name] and lactation," and "[antibiotic name] and breastfeeding" from January 1940 to November 2005, as well as standard reference tracing. One hundred twenty-four references had sufficient information concerning numbers of subjects, methods, and findings to be included. The teratogenic potential in humans ranged from "none" (penicillin G and VK) to "unlikely" (amoxicillin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, levofloxacin, and rifampin) to "undetermined" (clindamycin, gentamicin, and vancomycin). Assessments were based on "good data" (penicillin G and VK), "fair data" (amoxicillin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, levofloxacin, and rifampin), "limited data" (clindamycin and gentamicin), and "very limited data" (vancomycin). Significant pharmacokinetic changes occurred during pregnancy for the penicillins, fluoroquinolones and gentamicin, indicating that dosage adjustments for these drugs may be necessary. With the exception of chloramphenicol, all of these antibiotics are considered compatible with breastfeeding. Health care professionals should consider the teratogenic and toxic risk profiles of antibiotics to assist in making prescribing decisions for pregnant and lactating women. These may become especially important if anti-infective countermeasures are required to protect the health, safety, and survival of individuals exposed to pathogenic bacteriologic agents that may occur from bioterrorist acts. JF - Obstetrics and gynecology AU - Nahum, Gerard G AU - Uhl, Kathleen AU - Kennedy, Dianne L AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. GNahum2003@yahoo.com Y1 - 2006/05// PY - 2006 DA - May 2006 SP - 1120 EP - 1138 VL - 107 IS - 5 SN - 0029-7844, 0029-7844 KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents KW - 0 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Maternal-Fetal Exchange KW - Breast Feeding KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- adverse effects KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- pharmacokinetics KW - Lactation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67920819?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Obstetrics+and+gynecology&rft.atitle=Antibiotic+use+in+pregnancy+and+lactation%3A+what+is+and+is+not+known+about+teratogenic+and+toxic+risks.&rft.au=Nahum%2C+Gerard+G%3BUhl%2C+Kathleen%3BKennedy%2C+Dianne+L&rft.aulast=Nahum&rft.aufirst=Gerard&rft.date=2006-05-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1120&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Obstetrics+and+gynecology&rft.issn=00297844&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-06-13 N1 - Date created - 2006-05-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anatomy of a Project to Produce a First Nuclear Weapon AN - 59977395; 2007-02687 AB - We describe the industrial project that a "proliferator" would conduct to produce a first, small batch of nuclear weapons. From refining yellowcake ore to final weapons assembly, we highlight the project's tasks & their interactions. The proliferator can choose alternative production technologies that offer quicker completion, but at higher cost in terms of limited resources. The proliferator can also expedite his project by devoting more resources to critical tasks. From physics & chemistry, we determine raw material requirements. From industrial engineering & materials science, we convert these requirements into estimates of the time, manpower, energy, & money required to complete each task under normal & expedited conditions. Using generalized project-management analysis tools, we then estimate the earliest possible completion time of the project, assuming two different levels of resource availability. We also estimate the time required to complete a weapon if some of the project's steps can be skipped; for example, if the proliferator acquires stolen, highly enriched uranium metal. Tables, Figures, Appendixes, References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Science and Global Security AU - Harney, Robert AU - Brown, Gerald AU - Carlyle, Matthew AU - Skroch, Eric AU - Wood, Kevin AD - Dept Systems Engineering, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA harney@nps.edu Y1 - 2006/05// PY - 2006 DA - May 2006 SP - 163 EP - 182 PB - Taylor & Francis, Philadelphia PA VL - 14 IS - 2-3 SN - 0892-9882, 0892-9882 KW - Military and defense policy - Military equipment and weapons KW - Atomic research KW - Atomic weapons KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59977395?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+and+Global+Security&rft.atitle=Anatomy+of+a+Project+to+Produce+a+First+Nuclear+Weapon&rft.au=Harney%2C+Robert%3BBrown%2C+Gerald%3BCarlyle%2C+Matthew%3BSkroch%2C+Eric%3BWood%2C+Kevin&rft.aulast=Harney&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2006-05-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+and+Global+Security&rft.issn=08929882&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F08929880600993105 LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2007-05-17 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atomic weapons; Atomic research DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08929880600993105 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sand mining impacts on long-term dune erosion in southern Monterey Bay AN - 51576574; 2006-051734 AB - Southern Monterey Bay was the most intensively mined shoreline (with sand removed directly from the surf zone) in the U.S. during the period from 1906 until 1990, when the mines were closed following hypotheses that the mining caused coastal erosion. It is estimated that the yearly averaged amount of mined sand between 1940 and 1984 was 128,000 m^3/yr, which is approximately 50% of the yearly average dune volume loss during this period. To assess the impact of sand mining, erosion rates along an 18 km range of shoreline during the times of intensive sand mining (1940-1990) are compared with the rates after sand mining ceased (1990-2004). Most of the shoreline is composed of unconsolidated sand with extensive sand dunes rising up to a height of 46 m, vulnerable to the erosive forces of storm waves. Erosion is defined here as a recession of the top edge of the dune. Recession was determined using stereo-photogrammetry, and LIDAR and GPS surveys. Long-term erosion rates vary from about 0.5 m/yr at Monterey to 1.5 m/yr in the middle of the range, and then decrease northward. Erosion events are episodic and occur when storm waves and high tides coincide, allowing swash to undercut the dune and resulting in permanent recession. Erosion appears to be correlated with the occurrence of El Ninos. The calculated volume loss of the dune in southern Monterey Bay during the 1997-98 El Nino winter was 1,820,000 m (super 3) , which is almost seven times the historical annual mean dune erosion of 270,000 m (super 3) /yr. The alongshore variation in recession rates appears to be a function of the alongshore gradient in mean wave energy and depletions by sand mining. After cessation of sand mining in 1990, the erosion rates decreased at locations in the southern end of the bay but have not significantly changed at other locations. JF - Marine Geology AU - Thornton, Edward B AU - Sallenger, Abby AU - Conforto Sesto, Juan AU - Egley, Laura AU - McGee, Timothy AU - Parsons, Rost Y1 - 2006/05// PY - 2006 DA - May 2006 SP - 45 EP - 58 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 229 IS - 1-2 SN - 0025-3227, 0025-3227 KW - United States KW - eolian features KW - mining KW - dunes KW - southern Monterey Bay KW - sand deposits KW - laser methods KW - erosion KW - erosion rates KW - environmental effects KW - California KW - spatial variations KW - Monterey Bay KW - mining geology KW - El Nino KW - coastal dunes KW - littoral erosion KW - shore features KW - quantitative geomorphology KW - landform evolution KW - radar methods KW - photogrammetry KW - lidar methods KW - ocean waves KW - aerial photography KW - remote sensing KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51576574?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Geology&rft.atitle=Sand+mining+impacts+on+long-term+dune+erosion+in+southern+Monterey+Bay&rft.au=Thornton%2C+Edward+B%3BSallenger%2C+Abby%3BConforto+Sesto%2C+Juan%3BEgley%2C+Laura%3BMcGee%2C+Timothy%3BParsons%2C+Rost&rft.aulast=Thornton&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.date=2006-05-01&rft.volume=229&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Geology&rft.issn=00253227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.margeo.2006.02.005 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00253227 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MAGEA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerial photography; California; coastal dunes; dunes; El Nino; environmental effects; eolian features; erosion; erosion rates; landform evolution; laser methods; lidar methods; littoral erosion; mining; mining geology; Monterey Bay; ocean waves; photogrammetry; quantitative geomorphology; radar methods; remote sensing; sand deposits; shore features; southern Monterey Bay; spatial variations; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2006.02.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Controlling internal controls AN - 37752953; 3279630 AB - Two recent examinations of management practices in three federal departments provide contemporary evidence of the need to incorporate procedures like those of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act in the public sector. Although each department established what appeared to be well-designed internal controls, all lacked sufficient monitoring and assessment of the efficacy of those controls. By requiring senior management to attest to the strength of their control mechanisms, as required by the newly revised OMB Circular A-123, the quality of this monitoring should improve. Findings from a recent study of private-sector implementation of these reforms are described, along with suggestions for public administration research and practice at all levels of government. Reprinted by permission of Blackwell Publishers JF - Public administration review AU - Candreva, Philip J AD - Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2006/05// PY - 2006 DA - May 2006 SP - 463 EP - 468 VL - 66 IS - 3 SN - 0033-3352, 0033-3352 KW - Political Science KW - Public administration KW - Government KW - Public sector KW - Public management KW - U.S.A. KW - Accountability KW - Auditing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/37752953?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Public+administration+review&rft.atitle=Controlling+internal+controls&rft.au=Candreva%2C+Philip+J&rft.aulast=Candreva&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2006-05-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=463&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Public+administration+review&rft.issn=00333352&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 10480 10488; 10460 7625; 525 9705; 5551; 1394 4937 7625; 10424 567; 433 293 14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The IMF's return to Iraq AN - 36472029; 3342052 AB - The International Monetary Fund has imposed its traditional policies in Iraq. Few have considered the consequences. But the author notes that business as usual will probably not work in Iraq, and may well be destructive. He also wonders why there is so little imagination at the IMF. Reprinted by permission of M.E. Sharpe, Inc. JF - Challenge AU - Looney, Robert AD - Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2006/05// PY - 2006 DA - May 2006 SP - 26 EP - 47 VL - 49 IS - 3 SN - 0577-5132, 0577-5132 KW - Political Science KW - Economics KW - Reconstruction KW - External debt KW - World Bank KW - Development strategies KW - Post-conflict societies KW - Macroeconomic policy KW - Iraq KW - Political economy KW - IMF UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36472029?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Challenge&rft.atitle=The+IMF%27s+return+to+Iraq&rft.au=Looney%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Looney&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2006-05-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=26&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Challenge&rft.issn=05775132&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 9925 11979 2698; 7584 3977 5574 10472; 13736 6681 1477 4930 6590; 4684 3307; 3511 3502 7584 3977 5574 10472 5200; 9684; 6172 6772 9030; 182 254 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An airspace-planning and collaborative decision-making model: part II-cost model, data considerations, and computations AN - 36471084; 3339160 AB - In Part I of this paper, we presented a large-scale airspace-planning and collaborative decision-making (APCDM) model that is part of a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)-sponsored effort to enhance the management of the National Airspace System (NAS). Given a set of flights that must be scheduled during some planning horizon, along with alternative surrogate trajectories for each flight, we developed a mixed-integer programming model to select a set of flight plans from among these alternatives, subject to flight safety, air-traffic control workload, and airline equity considerations. The present paper offers insights related to, and a detailed description of, implementing this APCDM model, including the development of a comprehensive cost model, a study for prescribing a set of appropriate parameter values for the overall model, and an investigation on incorporating a suitable set of valid inequalities in the model formulation. Computational results are presented based on several test cases derived from the Enhanced Traffic Management System (ETMS) data provided by the FAA. The results indicate that under plausible probabilistic trajectory error assumptions and with the incorporation of star subgraph convex hull-based valid inequalities, the model offers a viable tool that can be used by the FAA for both tactical and strategic applications. Reprinted by permission of the Institute for Operations Research and Management Science (INFORMS) JF - Transportation science AU - Sherali, Hanif D AU - Staats, Raymond W AU - Trani, Antonio A AD - State University ; Air Force Institute of Technology ; Virginia Polytechnic Institute Y1 - 2006/05// PY - 2006 DA - May 2006 SP - 147 EP - 164 VL - 40 IS - 2 SN - 0041-1655, 0041-1655 KW - Economics KW - Probability KW - Aerospace industry KW - Management KW - Programming KW - Safety KW - Air transport KW - U.S.A. KW - Decision theory KW - Air traffic KW - Modelling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36471084?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transportation+science&rft.atitle=An+airspace-planning+and+collaborative+decision-making+model%3A+part+II-cost+model%2C+data+considerations%2C+and+computations&rft.au=Sherali%2C+Hanif+D%3BStaats%2C+Raymond+W%3BTrani%2C+Antonio+A&rft.aulast=Sherali&rft.aufirst=Hanif&rft.date=2006-05-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transportation+science&rft.issn=00411655&rft_id=info:doi/10.1287%2Ftrsc.1050.0141 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 897 12937; 896 12889 12937; 10321; 8162 8163; 11229; 7625; 3326; 614 6431; 10214 12224 971; 433 293 14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/trsc.1050.0141 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distribution of Anopheles Albimanus, Anopheles Vestitipennis, and Anopheles crucians Associated with Land Use in Northern Belize AN - 20720530; 7002030 AB - Anthropogenic land use changes often alter natural patterns of disease transmission. The goal of this study was to determine whether phosphorus input from sugarcane, Saccharum officinarum L., cultivation in northern Belize could pose a significant environmental impact on malaria transmission by changing vegetation structure and composition of wetlands and associated larval habitats. Our primary focus was on the increased dominance of cattail, Typha domingensis Pers., a favored habitat for Anopheles vestitipennis Dyar & Knab. A land cover classification based on satellite imagery was used to select 20 marshes impacted by agricultural runoff and 20 marshes surrounded by forest (nonimpacted). A 100-m transect was established into each of the 40 marshes. Water, vegetation, and larval sampling were conducted at the 0-, 10-, 25-, 50-, and 100-m locations along the transect. Analyses of larval density data indicated that Anopheles albimanus Wiedemann was negatively correlated with percentage of cover of Typha (R super(2) = 0.39, P < 0.001) but positively correlated with sparse Eleocharis cellulosa Torr. (rush) cover (R super(2) = 0.19, P < 0.05) and presence of cyanobacterial mats (CBM) (R super(2) = 0.33, P < 0.0001). An. vestitipennis was found to be positively correlated with percentage of cover of Typha (R super(2) = 0.19, P < 0.001). Canonical correspondence analysis identified CBM and light as the variables associated with the presence of An. albimanus larvae, Typha cover with An. vestitipennis larvae, and Eleocharis and absence of light with Anopheles crucians (Wiedemann). A positive correlation also existed between marshes adjacent to agricultural activities and presence of An. vestitipennis (R super(2) = 0.37, P < 0.05). These results indicate that marshes in proximity to agricultural fields are conducive for Typha growth, thereby providing habitat for the more efficient malaria vector An. vestitipennis. JF - Journal of Medical Entomology AU - Grieco, J P AU - Johnson, S AU - Achee, N L AU - Masuoka, P AU - Pope, K AU - Rejmankova, E AU - Vanzie, E AU - Andre, R AU - Roberts, D AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814 Y1 - 2006/05// PY - 2006 DA - May 2006 SP - 614 EP - 622 PB - Entomological Society of America VL - 43 IS - 3 SN - 0022-2585, 0022-2585 KW - Mosquitoes KW - Sugarcane KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Entomology Abstracts KW - Resource management KW - Phosphorus KW - Forests KW - cultivation KW - Wetlands KW - Agricultural runoff KW - Aquatic insects KW - disease transmission KW - anthropogenic factors KW - Larvae KW - Environmental impact KW - Vectors KW - Vegetation KW - agricultural land KW - Habitat KW - Land use KW - malaria KW - Eleocharis KW - Typha domingensis KW - Runoff KW - Belize KW - Human diseases KW - dominance KW - Anopheles vestitipennis KW - Remote sensing KW - Malaria KW - Eleocharis cellulosa KW - Anopheles albimanus KW - Disease transmission KW - Growth KW - Sampling KW - Anopheles crucians KW - Data processing KW - Habitat preferences KW - Culicidae KW - Marshes KW - Satellites KW - Entomology KW - Dominance KW - Light effects KW - Typha KW - Saccharum officinarum KW - classification KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Z 05206:Medical & veterinary entomology KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms KW - Q1 08301:General KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20720530?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Medical+Entomology&rft.atitle=Distribution+of+Anopheles+Albimanus%2C+Anopheles+Vestitipennis%2C+and+Anopheles+crucians+Associated+with+Land+Use+in+Northern+Belize&rft.au=Grieco%2C+J+P%3BJohnson%2C+S%3BAchee%2C+N+L%3BMasuoka%2C+P%3BPope%2C+K%3BRejmankova%2C+E%3BVanzie%2C+E%3BAndre%2C+R%3BRoberts%2C+D&rft.aulast=Grieco&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2006-05-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=614&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Medical+Entomology&rft.issn=00222585&rft_id=info:doi/10.1603%2F0022-2585%282006%29432.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth; Human diseases; Resource management; Environmental impact; Malaria; Marshes; Aquatic insects; Entomology; Land use; Data processing; Phosphorus; Forests; Habitat preferences; Vegetation; Vectors; Habitat; Satellites; Light effects; Disease transmission; Dominance; Wetlands; Sampling; Runoff; dominance; disease transmission; anthropogenic factors; Remote sensing; Larvae; agricultural land; malaria; classification; cultivation; Agricultural runoff; Typha; Saccharum officinarum; Anopheles vestitipennis; Culicidae; Eleocharis cellulosa; Eleocharis; Anopheles crucians; Typha domingensis; Anopheles albimanus; Belize DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/0022-2585(2006)43[614:DOAAAV]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Critical Assessment of Microphysical Assumptions within TRMM Radiometer Rain Profile Algorithm Using Satellite, Aircraft, and Surface Datasets from KWAJEX AN - 20649901; 9394891 AB - The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Microwave Imager precipitation profile retrieval algorithm (2a12) assumes cloud model-derived vertically distributed microphysics as part of the radiative transfer-controlled inversion process to generate rain-rate estimates. Although this algorithm has been extensively evaluated, none of the evaluation approaches has explicitly examined the underlying microphysical assumptions through a direct intercomparison of the assumed cloud-model microphysics with in situ, three-dimensional microphysical observations. The main scientific objective of this study is to identify and overcome the foremost model-generated microphysical weaknesses in the TRMM 2a12 algorithm through analysis of (a) in situ aircraft microphysical observations; (b) aircraft- and satellite-based passive microwave measurements; (c) ground-, aircraft-, and satellite-based radar measurements; (d) synthesized satellite brightness temperatures and radar reflectivities; (e) radiometer-only profile algorithm retrievals; and (f) radar-only profile or volume algorithm retrievals. Results indicate the assumed 2a12 microphysics differs most from aircraft-observed microphysics where either ground or aircraft radar-derived rain rates exhibit the greatest differences with 2a12-retrieved rain rates. An emission-scattering coordinate system highlights the 2a12 algorithm's tendency to match high-emission/high-scattering observed profiles to high-emission/low-scattering database profiles. This is due to a lack of mixed-phase-layer ice hydrometeor scatterers in the cloud model-generated profiles as compared with observed profiles. Direct comparisons between aircraft-measured and model-generated 2a12 microphysics suggest that, on average, the radiometer algorithm's microphysics database retrieves liquid and ice water contents that are approximately 1/3 the size of those observed at levels below 10 km. Also, the 2a12 rain-rate retrievals are shown to be strongly influenced by the 2a12's convective fraction specification. A proposed modification of this factor would improve 2a12 rain-rate retrievals; however, fundamental changes to the cloud radiation model's ice parameterization are necessary to overcome the algorithm's tendency to produce mixed-phase-layer ice hydrometeor deficits. JF - Journal of Applied Meteorology AU - Fiorino, Steven T AU - Smith, Eric A AD - Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio Y1 - 2006/05// PY - 2006 DA - May 2006 SP - 754 EP - 786 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. VL - 45 IS - 5 SN - 0894-8763, 0894-8763 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Hydrometeor profiles KW - Algorithms KW - Radiometers KW - Microwaves KW - Aircraft KW - Radar reflectivity KW - Radiation KW - Aircraft observations KW - Precipitation KW - Satellite instrumentation KW - Inversions KW - Model Studies KW - Clouds KW - Databases KW - Satellite data KW - Profiles KW - Convective activity KW - Radar KW - Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) KW - Brightness temperature KW - Coordinate systems KW - Rain KW - M2 551.578.1:Liquid (551.578.1) KW - SW 0820:Snow, ice and frost UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20649901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Critical+Assessment+of+Microphysical+Assumptions+within+TRMM+Radiometer+Rain+Profile+Algorithm+Using+Satellite%2C+Aircraft%2C+and+Surface+Datasets+from+KWAJEX&rft.au=Fiorino%2C+Steven+T%3BSmith%2C+Eric+A&rft.aulast=Fiorino&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2006-05-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=754&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology&rft.issn=08948763&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJAM2336.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydrometeor profiles; Aircraft observations; Algorithms; Precipitation; Satellite instrumentation; Inversions; Clouds; Radiometers; Satellite data; Radiation; Radar reflectivity; Radar; Convective activity; Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM); Coordinate systems; Brightness temperature; Databases; Microwaves; Aircraft; Profiles; Rain; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JAM2336.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis and validation of automated skull stripping tools: A validation study based on 296 MR images from the Honolulu Asia aging study AN - 19443142; 6837062 AB - As population-based epidemiologic studies may acquire images from thousands of subjects, automated image post-processing is needed. However, error in these methods may be biased and related to subject characteristics relevant to the research question. Here, we compare two automated methods of brain extraction against manually segmented images and evaluate whether method accuracy is associated with subject demographic and health characteristics. MRI data (n = 296) are from the Honolulu Asia Aging Study, a population-based study of elderly Japanese-American men. The intracranial space was manually outlined on the axial proton density sequence by a single operator. The brain was extracted automatically using BET (Brain Extraction Tool) and BSE (Brain Surface Extractor) on axial proton density images. Total intracranial volume was calculated for the manually segmented images (ticvM), the BET segmented images (ticvBET) and the BSE segmented images (ticvBSE). Mean ticvBSE was closer to that of ticvM, but ticvBET was more highly correlated with ticvM than ticvBSE. BSE had significant over (positive error) and underestimated (negative error) ticv, but net error was relatively low. BET had large positive and very low negative error. Method accuracy, measured in percent positive and negative error, varied slightly with age, head circumference, presence of the apolipoprotein e epsilon 4 polymorphism, subcortical and cortical infracts and enlarged ventricles. This epidemiologic approach to the assessment of potential bias in image post-processing tasks shows both skull-stripping programs performed well in this large image dataset when compared to manually segmented images. Although method accuracy was statistically associated with some subject characteristics, the extent of the misclassification (in terms of percent of brain volume) was small. JF - NeuroImage AU - Hartley, S W AU - Scher, AI AU - Korf, ESC AU - White, L R AU - Launer, L J AD - Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA, ascher@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2006/05// PY - 2006 DA - May 2006 SP - 1179 EP - 1186 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 30 IS - 4 SN - 1053-8119, 1053-8119 KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Apolipoproteins KW - Magnetic resonance imaging KW - Aging KW - Automation KW - Demography KW - Cortex KW - Skull KW - Geriatrics KW - Head KW - Protons KW - Brain KW - Population studies KW - W 30910:Imaging KW - N3 11145:Methodology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19443142?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NeuroImage&rft.atitle=Analysis+and+validation+of+automated+skull+stripping+tools%3A+A+validation+study+based+on+296+MR+images+from+the+Honolulu+Asia+aging+study&rft.au=Hartley%2C+S+W%3BScher%2C+AI%3BKorf%2C+ESC%3BWhite%2C+L+R%3BLauner%2C+L+J&rft.aulast=Hartley&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2006-05-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NeuroImage&rft.issn=10538119&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.neuroimage.2005.10.043 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Brain; Geriatrics; Protons; Aging; Skull; Head; Apolipoproteins; Demography; Population studies; Cortex; Magnetic resonance imaging; Automation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.10.043 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Linking the concept of scale to studies of biological diversity: evolving approaches and tools AN - 19277778; 6784894 AB - Although the concepts of scale and biological diversity independently have received rapidly increasing attention in the scientific literature since the 1980s, the rate at which the two concepts have been investigated jointly has grown much more slowly. We find that scale considerations have been incorporated explicitly into six broad areas of investigation related to biological diversity: (1) heterogeneity within and among ecosystems, (2) disturbance ecology, (3) conservation and restoration, (4) invasion biology, (5) importance of temporal scale for understanding processes, and (6) species responses to environmental heterogeneity. In addition to placing the papers of this Special Feature within the context of brief summaries of the expanding literature on these six topics, we provide an overview of tools useful for integrating scale considerations into studies of biological diversity. Such tools include hierarchical and structural-equation modelling, kriging, variable-width buffers, k-fold cross-validation, and cascading graph diagrams, among others. Finally, we address some of the major challenges and research frontiers that remain, and conclude with a look to the future. JF - Diversity and Distributions AU - Beever, Erik A AU - Swihart, Robert K AU - Bestelmeyer, Brandon T AD - NPS Great Lakes Network, 2800 Lake Shore Dr. E., Ashland, Wisconsin 54806, USA, erik_beever@nps.gov Y1 - 2006/05// PY - 2006 DA - May 2006 SP - 229 EP - 235 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ UK, [URL:http://www.blackwellpublishing.com] VL - 12 IS - 3 SN - 1366-9516, 1366-9516 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Reviews KW - Biological diversity KW - Conservation KW - Environmental restoration KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04615:Ecology studies - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19277778?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Diversity+and+Distributions&rft.atitle=Linking+the+concept+of+scale+to+studies+of+biological+diversity%3A+evolving+approaches+and+tools&rft.au=Beever%2C+Erik+A%3BSwihart%2C+Robert+K%3BBestelmeyer%2C+Brandon+T&rft.aulast=Beever&rft.aufirst=Erik&rft.date=2006-05-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=229&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Diversity+and+Distributions&rft.issn=13669516&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1366-9516.2006.00260.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Figures, 1; references, 57. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reviews; Environmental restoration; Conservation; Biological diversity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1366-9516.2006.00260.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiscale responses of soil stability and invasive plants to removal of non-native grazers from an arid conservation reserve AN - 19277740; 6784892 AB - Disturbances and ecosystem recovery from disturbance both involve numerous processes that operate on multiple spatial and temporal scales. Few studies have investigated how gradients of disturbance intensity and ecosystem responses are distributed across multiple spatial resolutions and also how this relationship changes through time during recovery. We investigated how cover of non-native species and soil-aggregate stability (a measure of vulnerability to erosion by water) in surface and subsurface soils varied spatially during grazing by burros and cattle and whether patterns in these variables changed after grazer removal from Mojave National Preserve, California, USA. We compared distance from water and number of ungulate defecations - metrics of longer-term and recent grazing intensity, respectively, - as predictors of our response variables. We used information-theoretic analyses to compare hierarchical linear models that accounted for important covariates and allowed for interannual variation in the disturbance-response relationship at local and landscape scales. Soil stability was greater under perennial vegetation than in bare interspaces, and surface soil stability decreased with increasing numbers of ungulate defecations. Stability of surface samples was more affected by time since removal of grazers than was stability of subsurface samples, and subsurface soil stability in bare spaces was not related to grazing intensity, time since removal, or any of our other predictors. In the high rainfall year (2003) after cattle had been removed for 1-2 years, cover of all non-native plants averaged nine times higher than in the low-rainfall year (2002). Given the heterogeneity in distribution of large-herbivore impacts that we observed at several resolutions, hierarchical analyses provided a more complete understanding of the spatial and temporal complexities of disturbance and recovery processes in arid ecosystems. JF - Diversity and Distributions AU - Beever, Erik A AU - Huso, Manuela AU - Pyke, David A AD - NPS Great Lakes Network, 2800 Lake Shore Dr. E., Ashland, WI 54806, USA, erik_beever@nps.gov Y1 - 2006/05// PY - 2006 DA - May 2006 SP - 258 EP - 268 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ UK, [URL:http://www.blackwellpublishing.com] VL - 12 IS - 3 SN - 1366-9516, 1366-9516 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Soil KW - Ungulates KW - Grazing KW - Defecation KW - Landscape KW - Ecosystem recovery KW - USA, California KW - Models KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04600:Soil UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19277740?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Diversity+and+Distributions&rft.atitle=Multiscale+responses+of+soil+stability+and+invasive+plants+to+removal+of+non-native+grazers+from+an+arid+conservation+reserve&rft.au=Beever%2C+Erik+A%3BHuso%2C+Manuela%3BPyke%2C+David+A&rft.aulast=Beever&rft.aufirst=Erik&rft.date=2006-05-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=258&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Diversity+and+Distributions&rft.issn=13669516&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1366-9516.2006.00253.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Figures, 5; tables, 4; references, 45. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Ungulates; Defecation; Grazing; Landscape; Ecosystem recovery; Models; USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1366-9516.2006.00253.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In Vivo Selection for Neisseria gonorrhoeae Opacity Protein Expression in the Absence of Human Carcinoembryonic Antigen Cell Adhesion Molecules AN - 17149847; 6810464 AB - The neisserial opacity (Opa) proteins are phase-variable, antigenically distinct outer membrane proteins that mediate adherence to and invasion of human cells. We previously reported that Neisseria gonorrhoeae Opa protein expression appeared to be selected for or induced during experimental murine genital tract infection. Here we further defined the kinetics of recovery of Opa variants from the lower genital tracts of female mice and investigated the basis for this initial observation. We found that the recovery of different Opa phenotypes from mice appears cyclical. Three phases of infection were defined. Following intravaginal inoculation with primarily Opa super(-) gonococci, the majority of isolates recovered were Opa super(+) (early phase). A subsequent decline in the percentage of Opa super(+) isolates occurred in a majority of mice (middle phase) and was followed by a reemergence of Opa super(+) variants in mice that were infected for longer than 8 days (late phase). We showed the early phase was due to selection for preexisting Opa super(+) variants in the inoculum by constructing a chloramphenicol-resistant (Cm super(r)) strain and following Cm super(r) Opa super(+) populations mixed with a higher percentage of Opa super(-) variants of the wild-type (Cm super(s)) strain. Reciprocal experiments (Opa super(-) Cm super(r) gonococci spiked with Opa super(+) Cm super(s) bacteria) were consistent with selection of Opa super(+) variants. Based on the absence in mice of human carcinoembryonic antigen cell adhesion molecules, the major class of Opa protein adherence receptors, we conclude the observed selection for Opa super(+) variants early in infection is not likely due to a specific adherence advantage and may be due to Opa-mediated evasion of innate defenses. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Simms, Amy N AU - Jerse, Ann E AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814 Y1 - 2006/05// PY - 2006 DA - May 2006 SP - 2965 EP - 2974 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 74 IS - 5 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - outer membrane proteins KW - Carcinoembryonic antigen KW - Inoculum KW - Genital tract KW - Infection KW - Neisseria gonorrhoeae KW - Cell adhesion molecules KW - J 02832:Antigenic properties and virulence KW - F 06106:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17149847?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=In+Vivo+Selection+for+Neisseria+gonorrhoeae+Opacity+Protein+Expression+in+the+Absence+of+Human+Carcinoembryonic+Antigen+Cell+Adhesion+Molecules&rft.au=Simms%2C+Amy+N%3BJerse%2C+Ann+E&rft.aulast=Simms&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft.date=2006-05-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2965&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - outer membrane proteins; Carcinoembryonic antigen; Inoculum; Genital tract; Infection; Cell adhesion molecules; Neisseria gonorrhoeae ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Fovin Expression in the Optic Nerve T2 - 2006 Anual Meeting of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO 2006) AN - 39928821; 4201126 JF - 2006 Anual Meeting of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO 2006) AU - Borst, D E Y1 - 2006/04/30/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Apr 30 KW - Optic nerve KW - Nerves UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39928821?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2006+Anual+Meeting+of+the+Association+for+Research+in+Vision+and+Ophthalmology+%28ARVO+2006%29&rft.atitle=Fovin+Expression+in+the+Optic+Nerve&rft.au=Borst%2C+D+E&rft.aulast=Borst&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2006-04-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2006+Anual+Meeting+of+the+Association+for+Research+in+Vision+and+Ophthalmology+%28ARVO+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/viewer/browseOptions.asp?PageID=SearchA dvanced&MKey=%7BE6454D7C%2D010E%2D4091%2DAF0D%2D55A9210BEC13%7D&AKey ={01DBD563-E053-4A16-A83F-48E737512973} LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Managing future Gulf War Syndromes: international lessons and new models of care. AN - 67962263; 16687273 AB - After the 1991 Gulf War, veterans of the conflict from the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and other nations described chronic idiopathic symptoms that became popularly known as 'Gulf War Syndrome'. Nearly 15 years later, some 250 million dollars in United States medical research has failed to confirm a novel war-related syndrome and controversy over the existence and causes of idiopathic physical symptoms has persisted. Wartime exposures implicated as possible causes of subsequent symptoms include oil well fire smoke, infectious diseases, vaccines, chemical and biological warfare agents, depleted uranium munitions and post-traumatic stress disorder. Recent historical analyses have identified controversial idiopathic symptom syndromes associated with nearly every modern war, suggesting that war typically sets into motion interrelated physical, emotional and fiscal consequences for veterans and for society. We anticipate future controversial war syndromes and maintain that a population-based approach to care can mitigate their impact. This paper delineates essential features of the model, describes its public health and scientific underpinnings and details how several countries are trying to implement it. With troops returning from combat in Afghanistan, Iraq and elsewhere, the model is already getting put to the test. JF - Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences AU - Engel, Charles C AU - Hyams, Kenneth C AU - Scott, Ken AD - Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Central Office (13A) Office of Public Health and Environmental Hazards, Washington, DC 20420, USA. cengel@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2006/04/29/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Apr 29 SP - 707 EP - 720 VL - 361 IS - 1468 SN - 0962-8436, 0962-8436 KW - Index Medicus KW - Warfare KW - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic -- epidemiology KW - Information Systems KW - History, 21st Century KW - History, 20th Century KW - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic -- therapy KW - Humans KW - Military Personnel -- psychology KW - Veterans -- psychology KW - Practice Guidelines as Topic KW - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic -- physiopathology KW - Population Surveillance -- methods KW - International Cooperation KW - Persian Gulf Syndrome -- therapy KW - Persian Gulf Syndrome -- epidemiology KW - Delivery of Health Care -- trends KW - Persian Gulf Syndrome -- physiopathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67962263?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mitigation+and+Adaptation+Strategies+for+Global+Change&rft.atitle=Net+Carbon+Exchange+Across+the+Arctic+Tundra-Boreal+Forest+Transition+in+Alaska+1981-2000&rft.au=Thompson%2C+C+C%3BMcGuire%2C+AD%3BClein%2C+J+S%3BChapin%2C+F+S%3BBeringer%2C+J&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2006-07-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=805&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mitigation+and+Adaptation+Strategies+for+Global+Change&rft.issn=13812386&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11027-005-9016-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-07-27 N1 - Date created - 2006-05-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Milbank Q. 1996;74(4):511-44 [8941260] JAMA. 1997 Jan 15;277(3):215-22 [9005271] JAMA. 1997 Jan 15;277(3):223-30 [9005272] JAMA. 1997 Jan 15;277(3):238-45 [9005274] Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1996 Dec 15;21(24):2918-29 [9112717] J Occup Environ Med. 2000 Apr;42(4):385-90 [10774507] Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD000560 [10796724] Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD001027 [10796733] J Occup Environ Med. 2000 May;42(5):491-501 [10824302] Psychother Psychosom. 2000 Jul-Aug;69(4):205-15 [10867588] BMJ. 2001 Sep 1;323(7311):473-6 [11532836] Am J Psychiatry. 2001 Dec;158(12):2038-42 [11729022] BMJ. 2002 Feb 9;324(7333):321-4 [11834557] BMJ. 2002 Jul 27;325(7357):185 [12142304] Environ Health Perspect. 2002 Aug;110 Suppl 4:641-7 [12194900] J R Soc Med. 2002 Oct;95(10):491-7 [12356969] Mil Med. 2002 Sep;167(9 Suppl):44-7 [12363140] JAMA. 2003 Mar 19;289(11):1396-404 [12636462] Br J Psychiatry. 2003 May;182:391-403 [12724242] Mil Med. 2003 Aug;168(8):606-13 [12943034] Neurology. 2003 Sep 23;61(6):742-9 [14504315] Br J Psychiatry. 2004 Aug;185:116-26 [15286062] JAMA. 1985 Dec 6;254(21):3075-9 [4057529] Psychol Rep. 1997 Apr;80(2):643-58 [9129381] N Engl J Med. 1997 Jun 5;336(23):1650-6 [9171068] BMJ. 1997 Jun 7;314(7095):1647-52 [9180065] Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1997 May;19(3):169-78 [9218985] Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1997 Sep;19(5):315-23 [9328776] Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1997 Nov 1;22(21):2575-80 [9383868] Ann Intern Med. 1997 Dec 15;127(12):1097-102 [9412313] Mil Med. 1998 Apr;163(4):202-8 [9575762] Pain. 1998 Apr;75(2-3):273-9 [9583763] Emerg Infect Dis. 1998 Apr-Jun;4(2):211-9 [9621191] J Occup Environ Med. 1998 Jun;40(6):520-8 [9636932] JAMA. 1998 Jul 8;280(2):147-51 [9669787] Am J Epidemiol. 1998 Aug 1;148(3):269-75 [9690364] Am J Epidemiol. 1998 Aug 15;148(4):343-9 [9717877] Pain. 1998 Jun;76(3):417-26 [9718260] JAMA. 1998 Sep 16;280(11):981-8 [9749480] J Am Board Fam Pract. 1998 Sep-Oct;11(5):347-56 [9796764] Epidemiology. 1998 Nov;9(6):648-53 [9799176] Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2006 Apr 29;361(1468):533-42 [16687259] Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2006 Apr 29;361(1468):543-51 [16687260] Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2006 Apr 29;361(1468):553-69 [16687261] Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2006 Apr 29;361(1468):585-91 [16687263] Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2006 Apr 29;361(1468):689-95 [16687271] Mayo Clin Proc. 2000 Aug;75(8):811-9 [10943235] Teratology. 2000 Oct;62(4):195-204 [10992261] Mil Med. 1996 Jan;161(1):1-6 [11082741] BMJ. 2001 Feb 17;322(7283):387-90 [11179154] Lancet. 2001 Mar 17;357(9259):841-7 [11265953] Occup Environ Med. 2001 May;58(5):291-8 [11303077] Pain. 2001 May;92(1-2):195-200 [11323140] Ann Intern Med. 2001 May 1;134(9 Pt 2):911-7 [11346328] N Engl J Med. 2001 Jun 28;344(26):2021-5 [11430334] Am J Epidemiol. 2001 Sep 1;154(5):399-405 [11532780] Br J Psychiatry. 1998 Jun;172:485-90 [9828987] Psychosom Med. 1998 Nov-Dec;60(6):663-8 [9847023] Lancet. 1999 Jan 16;353(9148):169-78 [9923871] BMJ. 1999 Jan 30;318(7179):290-4 [9924053] Arch Fam Med. 1999 Mar-Apr;8(2):135-42 [10101984] Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1999 May;60(5):758-66 [10344649] N Engl J Med. 2005 Mar 31;352(13):1289 [15800224] Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2005 May-Jun;27(3):158-60 [15882761] Am J Public Health. 2005 Aug;95(8):1382-8 [16043669] J R Nav Med Serv. 2005;91(2):99-111 [16196219] J Clin Epidemiol. 1999 Dec;52(12):1267-78 [10580791] J Fam Pract. 1999 Dec;48(12):980-90 [10628579] BMJ. 2000 Feb 26;320(7234):569-72 [10688568] Am J Public Health. 1987 Jul;77(7):837-40 [3592038] Arthritis Rheum. 1988 Sep;31(9):1135-41 [3048273] Am J Med. 1989 Mar;86(3):262-6 [2919607] Am J Psychiatry. 1991 Jan;148(1):34-40 [1984704] JAMA. 1991 Jan 23-30;265(4):435, 439-40 [1985221] J Gen Intern Med. 1991 May-Jun;6(3):241-6 [2066830] Pain. 1992 May;49(2):221-30 [1535122] Arch Intern Med. 1993 Nov 8;153(21):2474-80 [8215752] JAMA. 1994 Aug 3;272(5):391-6 [8028172] Arch Fam Med. 1994 Sep;3(9):774-9 [7987511] Arch Intern Med. 1995 Feb 13;155(3):262-8 [7832597] Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1995 Mar;52(3):238-43 [7872852] J Clin Epidemiol. 1994 Jun;47(6):647-57 [7722577] BMJ. 1995 Nov 18;311(7016):1328-32 [7496281] JAMA. 1996 Jan 10;275(2):118-21 [8531306] Ann Intern Med. 1996 Sep 1;125(5):398-405 [8702091] Br J Psychiatry Suppl. 1996 Jun;(30):101-8 [8864155] N Engl J Med. 1996 Nov 14;335(20):1505-13 [8890103] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Effect of Statins on Albuminuria: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trials T2 - 29th Annual Meeting of the Society of General Internal Medicine (SGIM 2006) AN - 40076756; 4230508 JF - 29th Annual Meeting of the Society of General Internal Medicine (SGIM 2006) AU - Douglas, Kevin AU - O'Malley, Patrick G AU - Jackson, Jeffrey L Y1 - 2006/04/26/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Apr 26 KW - Reviews KW - Statins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40076756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=29th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+of+General+Internal+Medicine+%28SGIM+2006%29&rft.atitle=The+Effect+of+Statins+on+Albuminuria%3A+A+Meta-Analysis+of+Randomized%2C+Placebo-Controlled+Trials&rft.au=Douglas%2C+Kevin%3BO%27Malley%2C+Patrick+G%3BJackson%2C+Jeffrey+L&rft.aulast=Douglas&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2006-04-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=29th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+of+General+Internal+Medicine+%28SGIM+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sgim.org/am06/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Rapid Transition of Boundary Layer Structure Observed on Coastal Sites T2 - 27th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology AN - 39990391; 4167984 JF - 27th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology AU - Wang, Qing AU - Helmis, C AU - Katsouvas, G AU - Wang, S W Y1 - 2006/04/24/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Apr 24 KW - Boundary layers UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39990391?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=27th+Conference+on+Hurricanes+and+Tropical+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Rapid+Transition+of+Boundary+Layer+Structure+Observed+on+Coastal+Sites&rft.au=Wang%2C+Qing%3BHelmis%2C+C%3BKatsouvas%2C+G%3BWang%2C+S+W&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Qing&rft.date=2006-04-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=27th+Conference+on+Hurricanes+and+Tropical+Meteorology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/27Hurricanes/techprogram/program_339.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Objectively Determined Model-Derived Parameters Associated with Forecasts of Tropical Cyclone Formation T2 - 27th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology AN - 39981720; 4168116 JF - 27th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology AU - Cowan, Christy AU - Harr, P AU - Elliott, G Y1 - 2006/04/24/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Apr 24 KW - Cyclones UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39981720?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=27th+Conference+on+Hurricanes+and+Tropical+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Objectively+Determined+Model-Derived+Parameters+Associated+with+Forecasts+of+Tropical+Cyclone+Formation&rft.au=Cowan%2C+Christy%3BHarr%2C+P%3BElliott%2C+G&rft.aulast=Cowan&rft.aufirst=Christy&rft.date=2006-04-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=27th+Conference+on+Hurricanes+and+Tropical+Meteorology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/27Hurricanes/techprogram/program_339.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Mechanisms for El Nino and La Nina Induced Anomalies in Tropical Cyclone Formation, Intensity, and Motion in the Northwest Pacific T2 - 27th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology AN - 39961234; 4168175 JF - 27th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology AU - Murphree, Tom AU - Ford, B W Y1 - 2006/04/24/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Apr 24 KW - Pacific KW - El Nino phenomena KW - Cyclones KW - La Nina UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39961234?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=27th+Conference+on+Hurricanes+and+Tropical+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Mechanisms+for+El+Nino+and+La+Nina+Induced+Anomalies+in+Tropical+Cyclone+Formation%2C+Intensity%2C+and+Motion+in+the+Northwest+Pacific&rft.au=Murphree%2C+Tom%3BFord%2C+B+W&rft.aulast=Murphree&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft.date=2006-04-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=27th+Conference+on+Hurricanes+and+Tropical+Meteorology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/27Hurricanes/techprogram/program_339.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Teleconnections from Tropics to Northern Extratropics through a Southerly Conveyor T2 - 27th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology AN - 39951055; 4168144 JF - 27th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology AU - Wang, Zhuo AU - Chang, C.-P. AU - Wang, B AU - Jin, F F Y1 - 2006/04/24/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Apr 24 KW - Teleconnections UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39951055?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=27th+Conference+on+Hurricanes+and+Tropical+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Teleconnections+from+Tropics+to+Northern+Extratropics+through+a+Southerly+Conveyor&rft.au=Wang%2C+Zhuo%3BChang%2C+C.-P.%3BWang%2C+B%3BJin%2C+F+F&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Zhuo&rft.date=2006-04-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=27th+Conference+on+Hurricanes+and+Tropical+Meteorology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/27Hurricanes/techprogram/program_339.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Evaluation of Causes of Large 96-h and 120-h Track Errors in the Western North Pacific T2 - 27th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology AN - 39945903; 4168056 JF - 27th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology AU - Payne, Kathryn Anne AU - Kehoe, R M AU - Boothe, M A AU - Elsberry, R L Y1 - 2006/04/24/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Apr 24 KW - North Pacific KW - Cyclones UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39945903?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=27th+Conference+on+Hurricanes+and+Tropical+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+Causes+of+Large+96-h+and+120-h+Track+Errors+in+the+Western+North+Pacific&rft.au=Payne%2C+Kathryn+Anne%3BKehoe%2C+R+M%3BBoothe%2C+M+A%3BElsberry%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Payne&rft.aufirst=Kathryn&rft.date=2006-04-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=27th+Conference+on+Hurricanes+and+Tropical+Meteorology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/27Hurricanes/techprogram/program_339.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Predictability Associated with the Downstream Impacts of the Extratropical Transition (ET) of Tropical Cyclones T2 - 27th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology AN - 39941950; 4167912 JF - 27th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology AU - Harr, Patrick A AU - Anwender, D AU - Jones, S Y1 - 2006/04/24/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Apr 24 KW - Cyclones UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39941950?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=27th+Conference+on+Hurricanes+and+Tropical+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Predictability+Associated+with+the+Downstream+Impacts+of+the+Extratropical+Transition+%28ET%29+of+Tropical+Cyclones&rft.au=Harr%2C+Patrick+A%3BAnwender%2C+D%3BJones%2C+S&rft.aulast=Harr&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=2006-04-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=27th+Conference+on+Hurricanes+and+Tropical+Meteorology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/27Hurricanes/techprogram/program_339.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Annual Cycle of Southeast AsiaMaritime Continent Rainfall and the Asymmetric Seasonal Transition T2 - 27th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology AN - 39936453; 4167938 JF - 27th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology AU - Wang, Zhuo AU - Chang, C.-P. Y1 - 2006/04/24/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Apr 24 KW - Seasonal variations KW - Rainfall KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Annual variations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39936453?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=27th+Conference+on+Hurricanes+and+Tropical+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Annual+Cycle+of+Southeast+AsiaMaritime+Continent+Rainfall+and+the+Asymmetric+Seasonal+Transition&rft.au=Wang%2C+Zhuo%3BChang%2C+C.-P.&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Zhuo&rft.date=2006-04-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=27th+Conference+on+Hurricanes+and+Tropical+Meteorology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/27Hurricanes/techprogram/program_339.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Variability in Global Scale Circulations and their Impacts on Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Activity T2 - 27th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology AN - 39933633; 4168177 JF - 27th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology AU - Rosencrans, Mathew AU - Harr, P Y1 - 2006/04/24/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Apr 24 KW - Atlantic KW - Cyclones KW - Ocean circulation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39933633?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=27th+Conference+on+Hurricanes+and+Tropical+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Variability+in+Global+Scale+Circulations+and+their+Impacts+on+Atlantic+Tropical+Cyclone+Activity&rft.au=Rosencrans%2C+Mathew%3BHarr%2C+P&rft.aulast=Rosencrans&rft.aufirst=Mathew&rft.date=2006-04-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=27th+Conference+on+Hurricanes+and+Tropical+Meteorology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/27Hurricanes/techprogram/program_339.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Temporal Clustering of Tropical Cyclone Occurrence on Intraseasonal Time Scales T2 - 27th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology AN - 39897774; 4167725 JF - 27th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology AU - Harr, Patrick Y1 - 2006/04/24/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Apr 24 KW - Cyclones UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39897774?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=27th+Conference+on+Hurricanes+and+Tropical+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Temporal+Clustering+of+Tropical+Cyclone+Occurrence+on+Intraseasonal+Time+Scales&rft.au=Harr%2C+Patrick&rft.aulast=Harr&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=2006-04-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=27th+Conference+on+Hurricanes+and+Tropical+Meteorology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/27Hurricanes/techprogram/program_339.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Information Forecasting for Hurricane Preparation T2 - 27th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology AN - 39881821; 4167762 JF - 27th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology AU - Regnier, Eva AU - Harr, P Y1 - 2006/04/24/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Apr 24 KW - Hurricanes KW - Prediction UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39881821?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=27th+Conference+on+Hurricanes+and+Tropical+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Information+Forecasting+for+Hurricane+Preparation&rft.au=Regnier%2C+Eva%3BHarr%2C+P&rft.aulast=Regnier&rft.aufirst=Eva&rft.date=2006-04-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=27th+Conference+on+Hurricanes+and+Tropical+Meteorology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/27Hurricanes/techprogram/program_339.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Tropical Climate Variations and their Impacts on Circulation and Precipitation in the Northwest Indian Ocean - Northeast Africa - Southwest Asia Region T2 - 27th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology AN - 39881747; 4167759 JF - 27th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology AU - Vorhees, Damon C AU - Murphree, T AU - Pfeiffer, K D Y1 - 2006/04/24/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Apr 24 KW - Indian Ocean KW - Asia KW - Africa KW - Rainfall KW - Oceans KW - Climate KW - Precipitation KW - Tropical environments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39881747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=27th+Conference+on+Hurricanes+and+Tropical+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Tropical+Climate+Variations+and+their+Impacts+on+Circulation+and+Precipitation+in+the+Northwest+Indian+Ocean+-+Northeast+Africa+-+Southwest+Asia+Region&rft.au=Vorhees%2C+Damon+C%3BMurphree%2C+T%3BPfeiffer%2C+K+D&rft.aulast=Vorhees&rft.aufirst=Damon&rft.date=2006-04-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=27th+Conference+on+Hurricanes+and+Tropical+Meteorology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/27Hurricanes/techprogram/program_339.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Evaluations of the AFWA Weather Research Forecast Model Tropical Cyclone Predictions T2 - 27th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology AN - 39852976; 4167945 JF - 27th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology AU - Ryerson, William R AU - Elsberry, R L AU - Rugg, S AU - Weigel, J Y1 - 2006/04/24/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Apr 24 KW - Weather forecasting KW - Cyclones KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39852976?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=27th+Conference+on+Hurricanes+and+Tropical+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Evaluations+of+the+AFWA+Weather+Research+Forecast+Model+Tropical+Cyclone+Predictions&rft.au=Ryerson%2C+William+R%3BElsberry%2C+R+L%3BRugg%2C+S%3BWeigel%2C+J&rft.aulast=Ryerson&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2006-04-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=27th+Conference+on+Hurricanes+and+Tropical+Meteorology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/27Hurricanes/techprogram/program_339.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Accuracy of Tropical Cyclone Intensity Forecasts in the North Pacific and Atlantic T2 - 27th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology AN - 39840054; 4168162 JF - 27th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology AU - Boothe, Mark A AU - Lambert, T AU - Blackerby, J AU - Elsberry, R L Y1 - 2006/04/24/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Apr 24 KW - North Pacific KW - Atlantic KW - Cyclones UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39840054?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=27th+Conference+on+Hurricanes+and+Tropical+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Accuracy+of+Tropical+Cyclone+Intensity+Forecasts+in+the+North+Pacific+and+Atlantic&rft.au=Boothe%2C+Mark+A%3BLambert%2C+T%3BBlackerby%2C+J%3BElsberry%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Boothe&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2006-04-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=27th+Conference+on+Hurricanes+and+Tropical+Meteorology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/27Hurricanes/techprogram/program_339.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Bering Sea Dynamics and Variability A Modeling Perspective T2 - 2006 European Geosciences Union General Assembly (EGU 2006) AN - 39950994; 4173750 JF - 2006 European Geosciences Union General Assembly (EGU 2006) AU - Clement, J AU - Maslowski, W AU - Okkonen, S Y1 - 2006/04/02/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Apr 02 KW - Bering Sea KW - Ice KW - Oceans UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39950994?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2006+European+Geosciences+Union+General+Assembly+%28EGU+2006%29&rft.atitle=Bering+Sea+Dynamics+and+Variability+A+Modeling+Perspective&rft.au=Clement%2C+J%3BMaslowski%2C+W%3BOkkonen%2C+S&rft.aulast=Clement&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2006-04-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2006+European+Geosciences+Union+General+Assembly+%28EGU+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.cosis.net/members/meetings/programme/session_programme.php? m_id=29 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - On Oceanic Forcing of Arctic Climate Change T2 - 2006 European Geosciences Union General Assembly (EGU 2006) AN - 39940339; 4175009 JF - 2006 European Geosciences Union General Assembly (EGU 2006) AU - Maslowski, W AU - Clement, J AU - Jakacki, J Y1 - 2006/04/02/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Apr 02 KW - Arctic KW - Climatic changes KW - Polar environments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39940339?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2006+European+Geosciences+Union+General+Assembly+%28EGU+2006%29&rft.atitle=On+Oceanic+Forcing+of+Arctic+Climate+Change&rft.au=Maslowski%2C+W%3BClement%2C+J%3BJakacki%2C+J&rft.aulast=Maslowski&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2006-04-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2006+European+Geosciences+Union+General+Assembly+%28EGU+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.cosis.net/members/meetings/programme/session_programme.php? m_id=29 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pollution of ambient air by volatile anesthetics: a comparison of 4 anesthetic management techniques. AN - 67870782; 16617915 AB - Long-term exposure to waste anesthetic gas (WAG) may lead to health problems. The purpose of this study was to compare WAG concentrations resulting from 4 combinations of fresh gas flow (FGF) and vaporizer settings during a simulated intravenous induction in which the anesthetic is deepened using a volatile anesthetic delivered via mask ventilation before intubation. By using a lung model, WAG was sampled 3 times each using 4 combinations and 3 volatile anesthetics: 3% sevoflurane, 2% isoflurane, and 6% desflurane. The combinations were FGF off/vaporizer on, FGF on/vaporizer off, both on, and both off. WAG was measured using a MIRAN Ambient Air Analyzer placed at a level approximating the anesthetist's head. One-way analysis of variance with a Student-Newman-Keuls post hoc test was used to compare the concentration of WAG among the combinations of FGF/vaporizer settings for each agent. Regardless of the agent, only the FGF on/vaporizer on combination at 60 seconds resulted in a statistically greater WAG level (P < .005). The results support using 3 of the 4 combinations examined when mask ventilation with a volatile agent accompanies intravenous induction. Future studies should examine other methods of controlling WAG levels and use time-weighted averages to help address clinical significance. JF - AANA journal AU - Barberio, Joy C AU - Bolt, Jason D AU - Austin, Paul N AU - Craig, William J AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Graduate School of Nursing, Nurse Anesthesia Program, Bethesda, MD, USA. Y1 - 2006/04// PY - 2006 DA - April 2006 SP - 121 EP - 125 VL - 74 IS - 2 SN - 0094-6354, 0094-6354 KW - Anesthetics, Inhalation KW - 0 KW - Methyl Ethers KW - sevoflurane KW - 38LVP0K73A KW - desflurane KW - CRS35BZ94Q KW - Isoflurane KW - CYS9AKD70P KW - Nursing KW - Occupational Health KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Humans KW - Intubation, Intratracheal KW - Laryngoscopy KW - Isoflurane -- analysis KW - Lung -- physiology KW - Models, Biological KW - Southeastern United States KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Nebulizers and Vaporizers KW - Adult KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Isoflurane -- analogs & derivatives KW - Methyl Ethers -- analysis KW - Time Factors KW - Anesthetics, Inhalation -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- adverse effects KW - Occupational Exposure -- prevention & control KW - Anesthesia, Inhalation -- methods KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Anesthesia, Inhalation -- instrumentation KW - Occupational Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Anesthetics, Inhalation -- analysis KW - Anesthesia, Inhalation -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- prevention & control KW - Occupational Exposure -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67870782?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AANA+journal&rft.atitle=Pollution+of+ambient+air+by+volatile+anesthetics%3A+a+comparison+of+4+anesthetic+management+techniques.&rft.au=Barberio%2C+Joy+C%3BBolt%2C+Jason+D%3BAustin%2C+Paul+N%3BCraig%2C+William+J&rft.aulast=Barberio&rft.aufirst=Joy&rft.date=2006-04-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AANA+journal&rft.issn=00946354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-05-25 N1 - Date created - 2006-04-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phenotypic characterization of telomerase-immortalized primary non-malignant and malignant tumor-derived human prostate epithelial cell lines. AN - 67762410; 16413016 AB - In vitro human prostate cell culture models are critical for clarifying the mechanism of prostate cancer progression and for testing preventive and therapeutic agents. Cell lines ideal for the study of human primary prostate tumors would be those derived from spontaneously immortalized tumor cells; unfortunately, explanted primary prostate cells survive only short-term in culture, and rarely immortalize spontaneously. Therefore, we recently have generated five immortal human prostate epithelial cell cultures derived from both the benign and malignant tissues of prostate cancer patients with telomerase, a gene that prevents cellular senescence. Examination of these cell lines for their morphologies and proliferative capacities, their abilities to grow in low serum, to respond to androgen stimulation, to grow above the agar layer, to form tumors in SCID mice, suggests that they may serve as valid, useful tools for the elucidation of early events in prostate tumorigenesis. Furthermore, the chromosome alterations observed in these immortalized cell lines expressing aspects of the malignant phenotypes imply that these cell lines accurately recapitulate the genetic composition of primary tumors. These novel in vitro models may offer unique models for the study of prostate carcinogenesis and also provide the means for testing both chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agents. JF - Experimental cell research AU - Gu, Yongpeng AU - Li, Hongzhen AU - Miki, Jun AU - Kim, Kee-Hong AU - Furusato, Bungo AU - Sesterhenn, Isabell A AU - Chu, Wei-Sing AU - McLeod, David G AU - Srivastava, Shiv AU - Ewing, Charles M AU - Isaacs, William B AU - Rhim, Johng S AD - Center for Prostate Disease Research, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2006/04/01/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Apr 01 SP - 831 EP - 843 VL - 312 IS - 6 SN - 0014-4827, 0014-4827 KW - AR protein, human KW - 0 KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - Receptors, Androgen KW - Dihydrotestosterone KW - 08J2K08A3Y KW - Telomerase KW - EC 2.7.7.49 KW - Racemases and Epimerases KW - EC 5.1.- KW - alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase KW - EC 5.1.99.4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Racemases and Epimerases -- genetics KW - Cytogenetic Analysis KW - Receptors, Androgen -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Androgen -- genetics KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Cell Proliferation KW - Phenotype KW - Neoplasm Transplantation KW - Gene Expression Profiling KW - Dihydrotestosterone -- pharmacology KW - Adult KW - Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays KW - Middle Aged KW - Mice, SCID KW - Cell Aggregation -- physiology KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Chromosomes, Human -- genetics KW - Male KW - Prostatic Neoplasms -- metabolism KW - Prostatic Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Telomerase -- metabolism KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67762410?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experimental+cell+research&rft.atitle=Phenotypic+characterization+of+telomerase-immortalized+primary+non-malignant+and+malignant+tumor-derived+human+prostate+epithelial+cell+lines.&rft.au=Gu%2C+Yongpeng%3BLi%2C+Hongzhen%3BMiki%2C+Jun%3BKim%2C+Kee-Hong%3BFurusato%2C+Bungo%3BSesterhenn%2C+Isabell+A%3BChu%2C+Wei-Sing%3BMcLeod%2C+David+G%3BSrivastava%2C+Shiv%3BEwing%2C+Charles+M%3BIsaacs%2C+William+B%3BRhim%2C+Johng+S&rft.aulast=Gu&rft.aufirst=Yongpeng&rft.date=2006-04-01&rft.volume=312&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=831&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+cell+research&rft.issn=00144827&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-05-16 N1 - Date created - 2006-03-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Decentralization's Nondemocratic Roots: Authoritarianism and Subnational Reform in Latin America AN - 60155452; 200608593 AB - This study challenges the common view of authoritarianism as an unambiguously centralizing experience by investigating the subnational reforms that military governments actually introduced in Latin America. It argues that the decision by military authorities to dismiss democratically elected mayors & governors opened a critical juncture for the subsequent development of subnational institutions. Once they centralized political authority, the generals could contemplate changes that expanded the institutional, administrative, & governing capacity of subnational governments. This article shows how cross-national variation in the content & consistency of the generals' economic goals led to quite distinct subnational changes; in each case, these reforms profoundly shaped the democracies that reemerged in the 1980s & 1990s. Tables, References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Latin American Politics and Society AU - Eaton, Kent AD - Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2006/04// PY - 2006 DA - April 2006 SP - 1 EP - 26 PB - Lynne Rienner Publishers, Boulder CO VL - 48 IS - 1 SN - 1531-426X, 1531-426X KW - Decentralization KW - Latin America KW - Democracy KW - Dictatorship KW - Economic Policy KW - Reform KW - article KW - 9101: politics; comparative politics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60155452?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Latin+American+Politics+and+Society&rft.atitle=Decentralization%27s+Nondemocratic+Roots%3A+Authoritarianism+and+Subnational+Reform+in+Latin+America&rft.au=Eaton%2C+Kent&rft.aulast=Eaton&rft.aufirst=Kent&rft.date=2006-04-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Latin+American+Politics+and+Society&rft.issn=1531426X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-10-30 N1 - Number of references - 67 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Decentralization; Latin America; Dictatorship; Economic Policy; Democracy; Reform ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Why Spending Has Got to Give: Because Taxes Will Only Go So High AN - 59756602; 200713910 AB - Examines US federal spending in terms of the deficit, which is seen to be driven largely by Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security. It is argued that the deficit will not take up enough slack & that government spending rather than taxes will have to give. Adapted from the source document. JF - Policy Review AU - Henderson, David R AD - Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2006/04// PY - 2006 DA - April 2006 PB - Hoover Institution, Stanford University, CA IS - 136 SN - 0146-5945, 0146-5945 KW - Expenditures KW - Taxation KW - Public Debt KW - Medicare KW - United States of America KW - Medicaid KW - Government Spending KW - Social Security KW - article KW - 9141: political economy; political economy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59756602?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Policy+Review&rft.atitle=Why+Spending+Has+Got+to+Give%3A+Because+Taxes+Will+Only+Go+So+High&rft.au=Henderson%2C+David+R&rft.aulast=Henderson&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2006-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=136&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Policy+Review&rft.issn=01465945&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - POREDP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Taxation; Expenditures; Public Debt; Social Security; Medicaid; United States of America; Government Spending; Medicare ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Guide to the Genetics of Psychiatric Disease AN - 57171246; 200608751 AB - The road to scientific discovery begins with an awareness of what is unknown. Research in science can in some ways be like putting together the pieces of a puzzle without having the benefit of the box-top picture of the completed puzzle. The "picture" in science is an understanding of how nature works in a particular instance, & it takes many separate pieces of the "puzzle" to put this understanding together. These pieces are always of different kinds of data, often obtained using different approaches & techniques. The challenge of the researcher is to picture or hypothesize each of the missing pieces before actually having them in hand, so they can be sought & tested in the laboratory. This "picturing" is actually having a clear idea of what you don't know: having a clear image of the "shape" of the missing piece. This is easy when the puzzle surrounding the missing piece is already in hand, but more difficult with less of it constrained by what is already known. In putting paper puzzles together, the shape of the pieces is not the only limitation that needs to be satisfied. There is also the picture to satisfy, that is, the picture usually has to make sense. In science these constraints can be manifold, & usually the quality of the research is judged by the number of ways a piece of data integrates into & brings together the rest of the puzzle. The multidimensionality of scientific questions makes it virtually essential that as many different pieces of the puzzle as possible be obtained. The more that is not known about the puzzle, the more pieces you need. Thus it is with the genetics of psychiatric diseases. In this guide, we will explore as many of the domains of the genetic puzzle as we are aware of. We will learn a bit of the language of each & how they fit into the puzzle with at least one anecdote to serve as an example. Mapping unknown territory is always a process, but we hope this guide will increase the reader's awareness of what is unknown. 3 Figures, 50 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Psychiatry AU - Hough, Christopher J AU - Ursano, Robert J AD - Center Study Traumatic Stress, Dept Psychiatry, Uniformed Services U Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD chough@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2006/04// PY - 2006 DA - April 2006 SP - 1 EP - 20 PB - The Guilford Press VL - 69 IS - 1 SN - 0033-2747, 0033-2747 KW - Psychiatric genetics KW - Scientific research KW - Puzzles KW - Psychiatric disorders KW - Multidimensional approach KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57171246?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychiatry&rft.atitle=A+Guide+to+the+Genetics+of+Psychiatric+Disease&rft.au=Hough%2C+Christopher+J%3BUrsano%2C+Robert+J&rft.aulast=Hough&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2006-04-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Psychiatry&rft.issn=00332747&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) N1 - Date revised - 2006-06-28 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - CODEN - PSYCAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Scientific research; Multidimensional approach; Psychiatric genetics; Psychiatric disorders; Puzzles ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Epiregulin, a Member of the EGF Family, is Upregulated in Tuberous Sclerosis Skin Tumor Cells T2 - 97th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Cancer Research (AACR 2006) AN - 40013058; 4185421 JF - 97th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Cancer Research (AACR 2006) AU - Li, Shaowei AU - Takeuchi, Fumiko AU - Wang, Ji-an AU - Fan, Qingyuan AU - Pacheco-Rodriguez, Gustavo AU - Moss, Joel AU - Darling, Thomas N Y1 - 2006/04/01/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Apr 01 KW - Skin KW - Tumor cells KW - Tuberous sclerosis KW - Epidermal growth factor KW - Tumors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40013058?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=97th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Cancer+Research+%28AACR+2006%29&rft.atitle=Epiregulin%2C+a+Member+of+the+EGF+Family%2C+is+Upregulated+in+Tuberous+Sclerosis+Skin+Tumor+Cells&rft.au=Li%2C+Shaowei%3BTakeuchi%2C+Fumiko%3BWang%2C+Ji-an%3BFan%2C+Qingyuan%3BPacheco-Rodriguez%2C+Gustavo%3BMoss%2C+Joel%3BDarling%2C+Thomas+N&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Shaowei&rft.date=2006-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=97th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Cancer+Research+%28AACR+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/viewer/browseOptions.asp?MKey=%7B3B61E3 56%2D411F%2D435F%2DACCA%2D167F0FDA48AD%7D&AKey=%7B728BCE9C%2D121B%2D 46B9%2DA8EE%2DDC51FDFC6C15%7D LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Role of Nonconserved Amino Acid Residues of the Transmembrane (TM) Regions in Functional Modulation of Human P-Glycoprotein T2 - 97th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Cancer Research (AACR 2006) AN - 39997659; 4181938 JF - 97th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Cancer Research (AACR 2006) AU - Mandal, Debjani AU - Dey, Ruma AU - Chattopadhyay, Apurba AU - Dey, Saibal Y1 - 2006/04/01/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Apr 01 KW - Residues KW - Amino acids KW - P-Glycoprotein UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39997659?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=97th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Cancer+Research+%28AACR+2006%29&rft.atitle=The+Role+of+Nonconserved+Amino+Acid+Residues+of+the+Transmembrane+%28TM%29+Regions+in+Functional+Modulation+of+Human+P-Glycoprotein&rft.au=Mandal%2C+Debjani%3BDey%2C+Ruma%3BChattopadhyay%2C+Apurba%3BDey%2C+Saibal&rft.aulast=Mandal&rft.aufirst=Debjani&rft.date=2006-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=97th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Cancer+Research+%28AACR+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/viewer/browseOptions.asp?MKey=%7B3B61E3 56%2D411F%2D435F%2DACCA%2D167F0FDA48AD%7D&AKey=%7B728BCE9C%2D121B%2D 46B9%2DA8EE%2DDC51FDFC6C15%7D LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Human P-Glycoprotein (ABCB1) Undergoes a Distinct Conformational Change Upon Allosteric Modulator Interaction T2 - 97th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Cancer Research (AACR 2006) AN - 39956377; 4181945 JF - 97th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Cancer Research (AACR 2006) AU - Moitra, Karobi AU - Ghosh, Pratiti AU - Maki, Nazli AU - Dey, Saibal Y1 - 2006/04/01/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Apr 01 KW - Allosteric properties KW - P-Glycoprotein UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39956377?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=97th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Cancer+Research+%28AACR+2006%29&rft.atitle=The+Human+P-Glycoprotein+%28ABCB1%29+Undergoes+a+Distinct+Conformational+Change+Upon+Allosteric+Modulator+Interaction&rft.au=Moitra%2C+Karobi%3BGhosh%2C+Pratiti%3BMaki%2C+Nazli%3BDey%2C+Saibal&rft.aulast=Moitra&rft.aufirst=Karobi&rft.date=2006-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=97th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Cancer+Research+%28AACR+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/viewer/browseOptions.asp?MKey=%7B3B61E3 56%2D411F%2D435F%2DACCA%2D167F0FDA48AD%7D&AKey=%7B728BCE9C%2D121B%2D 46B9%2DA8EE%2DDC51FDFC6C15%7D LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Molecular Pharmacology of an Allosteric Modulator Site of the Human P-Glycoprotein (ABCB1) T2 - 97th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Cancer Research (AACR 2006) AN - 39892514; 4181951 JF - 97th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Cancer Research (AACR 2006) AU - Chattopadhyay, Apurba K AU - Moitra, Karobi AU - Mandal, Debjani AU - Dey, Saibal Y1 - 2006/04/01/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Apr 01 KW - Pharmacology KW - P-Glycoprotein KW - Allosteric properties UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39892514?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=97th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Cancer+Research+%28AACR+2006%29&rft.atitle=Molecular+Pharmacology+of+an+Allosteric+Modulator+Site+of+the+Human+P-Glycoprotein+%28ABCB1%29&rft.au=Chattopadhyay%2C+Apurba+K%3BMoitra%2C+Karobi%3BMandal%2C+Debjani%3BDey%2C+Saibal&rft.aulast=Chattopadhyay&rft.aufirst=Apurba&rft.date=2006-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=97th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Cancer+Research+%28AACR+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/viewer/browseOptions.asp?MKey=%7B3B61E3 56%2D411F%2D435F%2DACCA%2D167F0FDA48AD%7D&AKey=%7B728BCE9C%2D121B%2D 46B9%2DA8EE%2DDC51FDFC6C15%7D LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Suicide bombers: Allah's new martyrs AN - 38237658; 3002098 JF - Survival AU - Khosrokhavar, Farhad AU - Stevenson, Jonathan AU - Stevenson, Jonathan AD - Naval War College Y1 - 2006/04// PY - 2006 DA - Apr 2006 SP - 199 EP - 206 PB - Pluto Press VL - 48 IS - 1 SN - 0039-6338, 0039-6338 KW - Political Science KW - Foreign policy KW - Terrorism KW - Islam KW - International conflicts KW - Suicide KW - Military intervention UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/38237658?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Survival&rft.atitle=Suicide+bombers%3A+Allah%27s+new+martyrs&rft.au=Khosrokhavar%2C+Farhad%3BStevenson%2C+Jonathan&rft.aulast=Khosrokhavar&rft.aufirst=Farhad&rft.date=2006-04-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Survival&rft.issn=00396338&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F00396330600594405 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6912 13753 10762; 12383 3303; 12686 13325; 5200 5574 10472; 8069 1259 2698 12749 2703 6828 7869 5200 5574 10472; 6701 2698 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00396330600594405 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - China, Japan and the scramble for Siberia AN - 38237604; 3002091 AB - If an emerging Sino-Russian energy nexus becomes sufficiently robust, there could be profound geopolitical consequences, including most significantly the consolidation of a bipolar order (China versus the United States) in the Asia-Pacific region. Japan's competing pipeline initiative suddenly appeared to become the front-runner in 2004, partly as a consequence of the Kremlin campaign against Yukos. Nevertheless, Russia's current plan representS a cautious strategy to preserve its flexibility and delay the difficult decision. The West should vigorously campaign for a route that reaches the shores of the Pacific, in order to enhance multipolarity in the Asia-Pacific region. Reprinted by permission of Taylor and Francis JF - Survival AU - Goldstein, Lyle AU - Kozyrev, Vitaly AD - US Naval War College in Newport ; Yale University Y1 - 2006/04// PY - 2006 DA - Apr 2006 SP - 163 EP - 178 VL - 48 IS - 1 SN - 0039-6338, 0039-6338 KW - Political Science KW - Energy planning KW - World order KW - Oil supply KW - Regional security KW - International relations KW - Oil policy KW - Siberia KW - Balance of power KW - Geopolitics KW - International conflicts KW - Japan KW - China UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/38237604?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Survival&rft.atitle=China%2C+Japan+and+the+scramble+for+Siberia&rft.au=Goldstein%2C+Lyle%3BKozyrev%2C+Vitaly&rft.aulast=Goldstein&rft.aufirst=Lyle&rft.date=2006-04-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Survival&rft.issn=00396338&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F00396330600594355 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6701 2698; 6784; 5482 9700 5475; 13749 6784; 8905 12401; 8897 2536 2523 4577 3872 554 971 3977 5574 10472 4261; 1441 9754 9965; 10731; 4260 3975 4335; 93 116 30; 191 300 30; 377 353 119 129 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00396330600594355 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dying to kill: the allure of suicide terror AN - 38234842; 3002096 JF - Survival AU - Bloom, Mia AU - Stevenson, Jonathan AU - Stevenson, Jonathan AD - Naval War College Y1 - 2006/04// PY - 2006 DA - Apr 2006 SP - 199 EP - 206 PB - Columbia University Press VL - 48 IS - 1 SN - 0039-6338, 0039-6338 KW - Political Science KW - Foreign policy KW - Terrorism KW - Islam KW - International conflicts KW - Nuclear weapons KW - Suicide KW - Nationalism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/38234842?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Survival&rft.atitle=Dying+to+kill%3A+the+allure+of+suicide+terror&rft.au=Bloom%2C+Mia%3BStevenson%2C+Jonathan&rft.aulast=Bloom&rft.aufirst=Mia&rft.date=2006-04-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Survival&rft.issn=00396338&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F00396330600594405 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 8782 13504 13501 1304 7805 3198 1077; 12383 3303; 12686 13325; 8536; 6701 2698; 6912 13753 10762; 5200 5574 10472 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00396330600594405 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dying to win: the strategic logic of suicide terrorism AN - 38233148; 3002097 JF - Survival AU - Pape, Robert A AU - Stevenson, Jonathan AU - Stevenson, Jonathan AD - Naval War College Y1 - 2006/04// PY - 2006 DA - Apr 2006 SP - 199 EP - 206 PB - Random House VL - 48 IS - 1 SN - 0039-6338, 0039-6338 KW - Political Science KW - Foreign policy KW - Terrorism KW - Islam KW - International conflicts KW - Suicide KW - Military intervention UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/38233148?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Survival&rft.atitle=Dying+to+win%3A+the+strategic+logic+of+suicide+terrorism&rft.au=Pape%2C+Robert+A%3BStevenson%2C+Jonathan&rft.aulast=Pape&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2006-04-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Survival&rft.issn=00396338&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F00396330600594405 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 12383 3303; 12686 13325; 6912 13753 10762; 5200 5574 10472; 8069 1259 2698 12749 2703 6828 7869 5200 5574 10472; 6701 2698 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00396330600594405 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A balanced force structure to achieve a liberal world order AN - 38222208; 2996958 AB - In addition to preexisting threats such as the rise of China, the Unites States now faces a protected struggle against Islamic terrorist. The military component of the nation's security strategy requires a balanced force that can be employed across the spectrum of conflict. The Iraq War has shown the `1-4-2-1' force-sizing construct-maintaining a force able to defend the homeland, operate in and from four forward regions, simultaneously defeat two regional adversaries, and achieve a result such as regime change in one of them-to be unattainable. But by spending 4.5 percent of GDP on defense and with the right force mix, America will be able to lead coalitions against terrorist, restore order to unstable regions, do peacekeeping in regions of vital interest, deter aggression, and win a war if deterrence fails. The benefits of the resulting world order far outweigh the costs. All rights reserved, Elsevier JF - Orbis AU - Owens, MacKubin Thomas AD - Naval War College Y1 - 2006/04// PY - 2006 DA - Apr 2006 SP - 307 EP - 325 VL - 50 IS - 2 SN - 0030-4387, 0030-4387 KW - Political Science KW - International relations KW - Foreign policy KW - Strategic planning KW - World order KW - Strategic studies KW - Deterrence KW - Defence policy KW - U.S.A. KW - Conflict KW - Military KW - Peace keeping UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/38222208?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Orbis&rft.atitle=A+balanced+force+structure+to+achieve+a+liberal+world+order&rft.au=Owens%2C+MacKubin+Thomas&rft.aulast=Owens&rft.aufirst=MacKubin&rft.date=2006-04-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=307&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Orbis&rft.issn=00304387&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 12305 9560; 3349 5574 10472; 8050; 12308 9782 9778; 5200 5574 10472; 13749 6784; 3469 8782 13504 13501 1304 7805 3198 1077; 9303; 2698; 6784; 433 293 14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of minocycline and doxycycline on cell survival and gene expression in human gingival and periodontal ligament cells AN - 19982785; 6765282 AB - Objectives and Background:Periodontitis is an infectious disease in the gingival crevice caused by periodontopathic bacteria, including Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, and Tennerella forsythensis, and antibacterial agents are directly administered to the site of infection to treat it. To maximize the therapeutic effects while reducing the adverse effects, the antibacterial agents should be administered at concentrations greater than their MIC sub(90) doses required to inhibit the growth of 90% of periodontopathic bacteria and the administration should not damage the periodontal tissue. One approach for estimating cellular damage in the periodontal tissue caused by the administration is to assay cytological damages following exposures of cultured human cells derived from periodontal tissues to antibacterial agents. In the present study, we investigated the cytotoxic effect of minocycline (MINO) and doxycycline (DOX) by using a human gingival fibroblast cell line, a human gingival epithelial cell line, and a human periodontal ligament fibroblast cell line. We also used these cell lines to study the effect of MINO or DOX on the mRNA and protein expressions of genes associated with the differentiation of fibroblasts and the proliferation, differentiation, or cellular adhesion important to the epithelial regeneration of the periodontal attachment. Methods:The cytotoxic effect of MINO or DOX was measured as a decrease in cell survivals. The effects of these antibiotics on the mRNA and protein expressions in the cell lines were studied by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot analyses, respectively. Results:The maximum concentration of MINO or DOX that has little effect on the cell survivals and the mRNA and protein expressions of genes for alkaline phosphatase, type I procollagen, keratinocyte growth factor receptor, keratin 18 or 8-18, integrin beta 1, integrin beta 4, and laminin 5 gamma 2 was 10 or 30 mu m, respectively, which are greater than their MIC sub(90) doses against periodontopathic bacteria described above. Conclusions:These findings suggest that little, if any, cellular damage would be expected with topical administration of MINO or DOX to the periodontal pocket at a dose equivalent to the MIC sub(90). It is important to note, however, that the extrapolation of these findings to in vivo conditions has yet to be undertaken. JF - Journal of Periodontal Research AU - Suzuki, Ayako AU - Yagisawa, Junko AU - Kumakura, Shin-ichi AU - Tsutsui, Takeki AD - Department of Pharmacology, The Nippon Dental University, School of Dentistry at Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, takeki@tokyo.ndu.ac.jp Y1 - 2006/04// PY - 2006 DA - Apr 2006 SP - 124 EP - 131 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ UK, [URL:http://www.blackwellpublishing.com] VL - 41 IS - 2 SN - 0022-3484, 0022-3484 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - cytological effect KW - human gingival cells KW - human periodontal ligament cells KW - tetracyclines KW - Cell survival KW - Epithelial cells KW - procollagen KW - Minocycline KW - Porphyromonas gingivalis KW - Prevotella intermedia KW - Antibiotics KW - Infection KW - Fibroblasts KW - Gene expression KW - Differentiation KW - Infectious diseases KW - Integrins KW - periodontal ligament KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Antibacterial agents KW - Laminin KW - Western blotting KW - Gingiva KW - Keratinocyte growth factor KW - Cytotoxicity KW - Keratin KW - Alkaline phosphatase KW - Doxycycline KW - Side effects KW - Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans KW - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle KW - J 02340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19982785?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Periodontal+Research&rft.atitle=Effects+of+minocycline+and+doxycycline+on+cell+survival+and+gene+expression+in+human+gingival+and+periodontal+ligament+cells&rft.au=Suzuki%2C+Ayako%3BYagisawa%2C+Junko%3BKumakura%2C+Shin-ichi%3BTsutsui%2C+Takeki&rft.aulast=Suzuki&rft.aufirst=Ayako&rft.date=2006-04-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=124&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Periodontal+Research&rft.issn=00223484&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1600-0765.2005.00843.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-08-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Figures, 5; references, 29. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Laminin; Cell survival; procollagen; Epithelial cells; Western blotting; Minocycline; Gingiva; Antibiotics; Infection; Keratinocyte growth factor; Fibroblasts; Gene expression; Differentiation; Cytotoxicity; Alkaline phosphatase; Keratin; Infectious diseases; periodontal ligament; Integrins; Polymerase chain reaction; Antibacterial agents; Side effects; Doxycycline; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Prevotella intermedia; Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.2005.00843.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring Biological Diversity: Strategies, Tools, Limitations, And Challenges AN - 17260606; 7001860 AB - Monitoring is an assessment of the spatial and temporal variability in one or more ecosystem properties, and is an essential component of adaptive management. Monitoring can help determine whether mandated environmental standards are being met and can provide an early-warning system of ecological change. Development of a strategy for monitoring biological diversity will likely be most successful when based upon clearly articulated goals and objectives and may be enhanced by including several key steps in the process. Ideally, monitoring of biological diversity will measure not only composition, but also structure and function at the spatial and temporal scales of interest. Although biodiversity monitoring has several key limitations as well as numerous theoretical and practical challenges, many tools and strategies are available to address or overcome such challenges; I summarize several of these. Due to the diversity of spatio-temporal scales and comprehensiveness encompassed by existing definitions of biological diversity, an effective monitoring design will reflect the desired sampling domain of interest and its key stressors, available funding, legal requirements, and organizational goals. JF - Northwestern Naturalist AU - Beever, E A AD - USGS-BRD Forest & Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, Erik_Beever@nps.gov Y1 - 2006/04// PY - 2006 DA - Apr 2006 SP - 66 EP - 79 PB - Society for Northwestern Vertebrate Biology VL - 87 IS - 1 SN - 1051-1733, 1051-1733 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Funds KW - adaptive management KW - Legal aspects KW - Biological diversity KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17260606?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Northwestern+Naturalist&rft.atitle=Monitoring+Biological+Diversity%3A+Strategies%2C+Tools%2C+Limitations%2C+And+Challenges&rft.au=Beever%2C+E+A&rft.aulast=Beever&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2006-04-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=66&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Northwestern+Naturalist&rft.issn=10511733&rft_id=info:doi/10.1898%2F1051-1733%282006%29872.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=1051-1733&volume=87&issue=1&page=66 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Funds; adaptive management; Legal aspects; Biological diversity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1898/1051-1733(2006)87[66:MBDSTL]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Immunization of Aged Mice with a Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Combined with an Unmethylated CpG-Containing Oligodeoxynucleotide Restores Defective Immunoglobulin G Antipolysaccharide Responses and Specific CD4 super(+)-T-Cell Priming to Young Adult Levels AN - 17126854; 6747251 AB - Polysaccharide (PS)-protein conjugate vaccines, in contrast to purified PS vaccines, recruit CD4 super(+)-T-cell help and restore defective PS-specific humoral immunity in the immature host. Surprisingly, in the immunocompromised, aged host, anti-PS responses to conjugate vaccines are typically no better than those elicited by purified PS vaccines. Although aging leads to defects in multiple immune cell types, diminished CD4 super(+)-T-cell helper function has recently been shown to play a dominant role. We show that in response to immunization with purified pneumococcal capsular PS serotype 14 (PPS14) in saline, the T-cell-independent immunoglobulin G (IgG) anti-PPS14 response in aged mice was comparable to that in young mice. In contrast, the T-cell-dependent IgG anti-PPS14 response to a soluble conjugate of PPS14 and pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) (PPS14-PspA) in saline was markedly defective. This was associated with defective priming of PspA-specific CD4 super(+) T cells. In contrast, immunization of aged mice with PPS14-PspA combined with an unmethylated CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG-ODN) restored IgG anti-PPS14 responses to young adult levels, which were substantially higher than those observed using purified PPS14. This was associated with enhanced PspA-specific CD4 super(+)-T-cell priming. Similarly, intact Streptococcus pneumoniae capsular type 14, which contains Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands, also induced substantial, though modestly reduced, T-cell-dependent (TD) IgG ant-PPS14 responses in aged mice. Spleen and peritoneal cells from aged and young adult mice made comparable levels of proinflammatory cytokines in response to CpG-ODN, although cells from aged mice secreted higher levels of interleukin-10. Collectively, these data suggest that inclusion of a TLR ligand, as an adjuvant, with a conjugate vaccine can correct defective TD IgG anti-PS responses in elderly patients by augmenting CD4 super(+)-T-cell help. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Sen, Goutam AU - Chen, Quanyi AU - Snapper, Clifford M AD - Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland Y1 - 2006/04// PY - 2006 DA - Apr 2006 SP - 2177 EP - 2186 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 74 IS - 4 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Adjuvants KW - Oligonucleotides KW - Interleukin 10 KW - Immunity (humoral) KW - surface protein A KW - CD4 antigen KW - Geriatrics KW - Lymphocytes T KW - Spleen KW - Streptococcus pneumoniae KW - Immunoglobulin G KW - Vaccines KW - Toll-like receptors KW - J 02834:Vaccination and immunization KW - F 06100:Vaccines - active immunity KW - W3 33345:DNA vaccines KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17126854?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+gastroenterology+reports&rft.atitle=Necrotizing+enterocolitis+in+neutropenia+and+chemotherapy%3A+a+clinical+update+and+old+lessons+relearned.&rft.au=Bremer%2C+CelesteAnn+T%3BMonahan%2C+Brian+P&rft.aulast=Bremer&rft.aufirst=CelesteAnn&rft.date=2006-08-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=333&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+gastroenterology+reports&rft.issn=15228037&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Streptococcus pneumoniae; Immunoglobulin G; Vaccines; Lymphocytes T; Toll-like receptors; Geriatrics; Oligonucleotides; CD4 antigen; Spleen; surface protein A; Adjuvants; Immunity (humoral); Interleukin 10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Cul3 Controlling Active Ci in High Hh Gradient T2 - 47th Annual Drosophila Research Conference AN - 40021209; 4195713 JF - 47th Annual Drosophila Research Conference AU - Ou, Chan-Yen AU - Wang, Chien-Hsiang AU - Jiang, Jin AU - Chien, Cheng-Ting Y1 - 2006/03/29/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Mar 29 KW - Signal transduction KW - Transduction UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40021209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+Annual+Drosophila+Research+Conference&rft.atitle=Cul3+Controlling+Active+Ci+in+High+Hh+Gradient&rft.au=Ou%2C+Chan-Yen%3BWang%2C+Chien-Hsiang%3BJiang%2C+Jin%3BChien%2C+Cheng-Ting&rft.aulast=Ou&rft.aufirst=Chan-Yen&rft.date=2006-03-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+Annual+Drosophila+Research+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://genetics.faseb.org/genetics/dros06/dros06s/index.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Low Temperature Partial Oxidation of Ethanol Over Supported Platinum Catalysts for Hydrogen Production T2 - 231st National Meeting of the American Chemical Society AN - 40147509; 4118826 JF - 231st National Meeting of the American Chemical Society AU - Wang, Chen-Bin AU - Yeh, Chuin-tih AU - Bi, Jia-Lin AU - Hsu, Sung-Nien Y1 - 2006/03/26/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Mar 26 KW - Ethanol KW - Platinum KW - Oxidation KW - Catalysts KW - Hydrogen KW - Low temperature KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40147509?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=231st+National+Meeting+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.atitle=Low+Temperature+Partial+Oxidation+of+Ethanol+Over+Supported+Platinum+Catalysts+for+Hydrogen+Production&rft.au=Wang%2C+Chen-Bin%3BYeh%2C+Chuin-tih%3BBi%2C+Jia-Lin%3BHsu%2C+Sung-Nien&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Chen-Bin&rft.date=2006-03-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=231st+National+Meeting+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://oasys2.confex.com/acs/231nm/techprogram/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Anxiety Symptoms and Elevated Cardiac Responses in Patients with High Vulnerability for Sudden Cardiac Death T2 - 26th Annual Conference of Anxiety Disorders Association of America AN - 40097959; 4140821 JF - 26th Annual Conference of Anxiety Disorders Association of America AU - Francis, Jennifer Y1 - 2006/03/23/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Mar 23 KW - Mortality KW - Heart KW - Anxiety KW - Vulnerability KW - Symptoms KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40097959?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=26th+Annual+Conference+of+Anxiety+Disorders+Association+of+America&rft.atitle=Anxiety+Symptoms+and+Elevated+Cardiac+Responses+in+Patients+with+High+Vulnerability+for+Sudden+Cardiac+Death&rft.au=Francis%2C+Jennifer&rft.aulast=Francis&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2006-03-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=26th+Annual+Conference+of+Anxiety+Disorders+Association+of+America&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.adaa.org/conference&events/ConferenceProgram/Fullprogram.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Observed Changes in Liver-Associated Enzymes During Long Term Inpatient Phase 1 Clinical Trials T2 - 2006 Annaul Meeting of the American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics AN - 40139889; 4079179 JF - 2006 Annaul Meeting of the American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics AU - Cherstniakova, Svetlana Y1 - 2006/03/07/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Mar 07 KW - clinical trials KW - Enzymes KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40139889?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2006+Annaul+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Clinical+Pharmacology+and+Therapeutics&rft.atitle=Observed+Changes+in+Liver-Associated+Enzymes+During+Long+Term+Inpatient+Phase+1+Clinical+Trials&rft.au=Cherstniakova%2C+Svetlana&rft.aulast=Cherstniakova&rft.aufirst=Svetlana&rft.date=2006-03-07&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2006+Annaul+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Clinical+Pharmacology+and+Therapeutics&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ascpt.org/annualmeeting2006/2006_brochure.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - FDA Evaluation of Cardiac Repolarization Data for 19 Drugs and Drug Candidates T2 - 2006 Annaul Meeting of the American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics AN - 40109753; 4079207 JF - 2006 Annaul Meeting of the American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics AU - Cantilena Jr, Louis Y1 - 2006/03/07/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Mar 07 KW - Drugs KW - FDA KW - Heart KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40109753?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2006+Annaul+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Clinical+Pharmacology+and+Therapeutics&rft.atitle=FDA+Evaluation+of+Cardiac+Repolarization+Data+for+19+Drugs+and+Drug+Candidates&rft.au=Cantilena+Jr%2C+Louis&rft.aulast=Cantilena+Jr&rft.aufirst=Louis&rft.date=2006-03-07&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2006+Annaul+Meeting+of+the+American+Society+for+Clinical+Pharmacology+and+Therapeutics&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ascpt.org/annualmeeting2006/2006_brochure.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Management of cerebral vascular structures during endoscopic treatment of encephaloceles: a clinical report. AN - 85387723; pmid-16572603 AB - Otolaryngologists are increasingly being called upon to treat patients with cerebrospinal fluid leak and encephaloceles. The endoscopic approach to the skull base through the nose and paranasal sinuses has proven effective and is well tolerated by patients. With its more widespread and frequent use, unusual cases and potential complications are becoming more apparent.Treatment of two clinical cases in which a cerebral vascular structure was encountered during endoscopic treatment of an encephalocele is presented, and the condition is reviewed.Two patients presented after a skull base injury that occurred during endoscopic sinus surgery. In each case the initial treating surgeon attempted endoscopic repair of a cerebrospinal fluid leak, but the repair failed and the leak persisted. Upon referral to the author, in each case, a traumatic encephalocele with an active leak was apparent, and during repair a cerebral vessel was encountered. It appeared that the vessel had been "pulled down" into the skull base defect with the encephalocele's migration into the sinonasal cavity.This unusual clinical condition is discussed along with the potential complications that can result from it. Otolaryngologists who treat encephaloceles should be aware of the possibility of encountering a cerebral vessel and should understand the potential complications and management options. JF - The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology AU - Bolger, William E AD - Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. Y1 - 2006/03// PY - 2006 DA - Mar 2006 SP - 167 EP - 170 VL - 115 IS - 3 SN - 0003-4894, 0003-4894 KW - National Library of Medicine KW - Bone Transplantation KW - Cerebral Arteries: radiography KW - *Cerebral Arteries: surgery KW - Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea: etiology KW - Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea: radiography KW - Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea: surgery KW - Child KW - Craniocerebral Trauma: complications KW - *Electrocoagulation: methods KW - Encephalocele: complications KW - Encephalocele: radiography KW - *Encephalocele: surgery KW - *Endoscopy KW - Female KW - Humans KW - Magnetic Resonance Imaging KW - Male KW - Middle Aged KW - Skull Base: injuries KW - Tomography, X-Ray Computed UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85387723?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experimental+and+molecular+pathology&rft.atitle=Induction+of+cytokines+by+radioprotective+tocopherol+analogs.&rft.au=Singh%2C+Vijay+K%3BShafran%2C+Randi+L%3BJackson%2C+William+E%3BSeed%2C+Thomas+M%3BKumar%2C+K+Sree&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Vijay&rft.date=2006-08-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+and+molecular+pathology&rft.issn=00144800&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English (eng) DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2011-12-15 N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Explanatory and pragmatic perspectives regarding idiopathic physical symptoms and related syndromes. AN - 67819904; 16575379 AB - In recent years, research-methods literature mainly addressing controlled clinical trials has arisen regarding explanatory and pragmatic treatment trials. Explanatory trials tend to examine causal mechanisms and questions of efficacy and value internal validity (creating optimal study conditions) over generalizability (using study results to understand treatment effects in real-life patient populations). In contrast, pragmatic trials value "external relevance" (generalizability) of study results over "internal elegance" so that clinicians and health policymakers can better understand how treatments might impact their patients and policies. This review draws inspiration from these contrasting explanatory and pragmatic perspectives and develops them for clinical and research pertaining to idiopathic physical symptoms and related syndromes (eg, somatization disorder, chronic fatigue syndrome, multiple chemical sensitivities, irritable bowel syndrome). Explanatory and pragmatic perspectives are used to examine these idiopathies with regard to causation, case definition, labels, and treatment. It is concluded that idiopathic symptom syndromes are fundamentally pragmatic clinical and research challenges. For epidemiologic and methodologic reasons, the complex explanations for these syndromes remain largely elusive. Even so, scientific and clinical pragmatism offers the opportunity to reduce disagreement between competing medical disciplines and between clinicians and affected patients with regard to irreconcilable etiologic questions and to remain evidence-based in the care of patients. JF - CNS spectrums AU - Engel, Charles C AD - Department of Psychiatry, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine of Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA. cengel@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2006/03// PY - 2006 DA - March 2006 SP - 225 EP - 232 VL - 11 IS - 3 SN - 1092-8529, 1092-8529 KW - Psychotropic Drugs KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic KW - Diagnosis, Differential KW - Anxiety Disorders -- psychology KW - Depressive Disorder -- psychology KW - Anxiety Disorders -- diagnosis KW - Humans KW - Psychotropic Drugs -- therapeutic use KW - Referral and Consultation KW - Sick Role KW - Psychotropic Drugs -- adverse effects KW - Comorbidity KW - Syndrome KW - Treatment Outcome KW - Depressive Disorder -- diagnosis KW - Depressive Disorder -- therapy KW - Somatoform Disorders -- therapy KW - Psychophysiologic Disorders -- therapy KW - Psychophysiologic Disorders -- diagnosis KW - Somatoform Disorders -- diagnosis KW - Somatoform Disorders -- psychology KW - Psychophysiologic Disorders -- psychology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67819904?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNS+spectrums&rft.atitle=Explanatory+and+pragmatic+perspectives+regarding+idiopathic+physical+symptoms+and+related+syndromes.&rft.au=Engel%2C+Charles+C&rft.aulast=Engel&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2006-03-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=CNS+spectrums&rft.issn=10928529&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-07-17 N1 - Date created - 2006-03-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a short form of the Workstyle measure. AN - 67679892; 16356939 AB - 'Workstyle', or how a worker behaviourally, cognitively and physiologically responds to increased or stressful work demands, has been proposed to help explain the link between ergonomic and psychosocial factors in work-related upper limb disorder symptoms and disorders (WRULD). To describe the psychometric properties of a shortened version of the original Workstyle measure. Factor analyses of the Workstyle measure items were conducted to reduce the number of total items. Each of the subscales was then further reduced by randomly selecting half of the items within each subscale. Additionally, two subscales from the original survey (Pain/Tension and Numbness/Tingling) were eliminated because they were not used to calculate the original workstyle total score in order to reduce the influence of current symptoms on an individual's total score. The Workstyle Short Form was reduced to 32 items. Cronbach's alpha was 0.89 and the test-retest reliability was r = 0.88, P < 0.01, for the total score. The short form score was significantly correlated with the full workstyle total score, r = 0.98, P < 0.01. Higher total workstyle scores were significantly associated with pain, functional limitations and adverse mental and physical health. The Workstyle Short Form demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties. These findings indicate its potential utility in research on WRULD. JF - Occupational medicine (Oxford, England) AU - Feuerstein, Michael AU - Nicholas, Rena A AD - Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. mfeuerstein@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2006/03// PY - 2006 DA - March 2006 SP - 94 EP - 99 VL - 56 IS - 2 SN - 0962-7480, 0962-7480 KW - Index Medicus KW - Human Engineering KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Psychometrics KW - Male KW - Female KW - Work -- psychology KW - Stress, Psychological -- diagnosis KW - Work -- physiology KW - Occupational Diseases -- psychology KW - Musculoskeletal Diseases -- psychology KW - Stress, Psychological -- psychology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67679892?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Occupational+medicine+%28Oxford%2C+England%29&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+short+form+of+the+Workstyle+measure.&rft.au=Feuerstein%2C+Michael%3BNicholas%2C+Rena+A&rft.aulast=Feuerstein&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2006-03-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=94&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Occupational+medicine+%28Oxford%2C+England%29&rft.issn=09627480&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-09-19 N1 - Date created - 2006-02-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Parliamentary Election in Thailand, February 2005 AN - 59713074; 200611550 AB - The outcome of the February 2005 parliamentary election in Thailand is investigated. An overview of the Thai political & electoral systems is presented, emphasizing the dominance of Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawata's party Thai Rak Thai over contemporary Thai politics & the role of the Electoral Commission in monitoring general elections. Additional overviews of the major political parties & candidates & the central issues of the electoral campaign (eg, the provision of financial assistance to farmers & the enactment of educational reform) are offered. Geographic & systemic trends associated with the Thai Rak Thais landslide victory & the Democratic Party's strong performance in the Southern region of Thailand are given. Several factors responsible for the electoral outcome are identified: the major parties use of political & electoral corruption & threats of violence to influence voting; the Democratic Party's inability to recover from its defeat in the 2001 parliamentary election; & the establishment of a social contract following the 2004 tsunami that affected Thailand. The implications of the parliamentary election for populist & progressive politics in Thailand are also pondered. Tables, References. J. W. Parker JF - Electoral Studies AU - Croissant, Aurel AU - Pojar, Daniel J AD - Dept National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2006/03// PY - 2006 DA - March 2006 SP - 184 EP - 191 PB - Elsevier Science, Amsterdam The Netherlands VL - 25 IS - 1 SN - 0261-3794, 0261-3794 KW - Political Campaigns KW - Elections KW - Parliamentary Systems KW - Prime Ministers KW - Thailand KW - Political Attitudes KW - Electoral Systems KW - Voting Behavior KW - Candidates KW - article KW - 9089: government/political systems; legislatures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59713074?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Electoral+Studies&rft.atitle=The+Parliamentary+Election+in+Thailand%2C+February+2005&rft.au=Croissant%2C+Aurel%3BPojar%2C+Daniel+J&rft.aulast=Croissant&rft.aufirst=Aurel&rft.date=2006-03-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=184&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Electoral+Studies&rft.issn=02613794&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.electstud.2005.06.004 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Thailand; Elections; Parliamentary Systems; Prime Ministers; Political Campaigns; Candidates; Voting Behavior; Electoral Systems; Political Attitudes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2005.06.004 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Heart Rate Variability and Daily Life Emotional Changes: Differential Relationships in Cad Patients with Sudden Death Vulnerability Versus Stable Cad Patients T2 - 64th Annual Scientific Conference of the American Psychosomatic Society AN - 39883660; 4157143 JF - 64th Annual Scientific Conference of the American Psychosomatic Society AU - Schwartz, Sari D AU - Krantz, David S AU - Hsiao, Chiao-Wen AU - Ghambaryan, Anna AU - Kop, Willem J AU - Gottdiener, John S Y1 - 2006/03/01/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Mar 01 KW - Mortality KW - Heart rate KW - Emotions KW - Vulnerability UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39883660?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=64th+Annual+Scientific+Conference+of+the+American+Psychosomatic+Society&rft.atitle=Heart+Rate+Variability+and+Daily+Life+Emotional+Changes%3A+Differential+Relationships+in+Cad+Patients+with+Sudden+Death+Vulnerability+Versus+Stable+Cad+Patients&rft.au=Schwartz%2C+Sari+D%3BKrantz%2C+David+S%3BHsiao%2C+Chiao-Wen%3BGhambaryan%2C+Anna%3BKop%2C+Willem+J%3BGottdiener%2C+John+S&rft.aulast=Schwartz&rft.aufirst=Sari&rft.date=2006-03-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=64th+Annual+Scientific+Conference+of+the+American+Psychosomatic+Society&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.psychosomatic.org/events/events_annual_meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Pro-Inflammatory Responses to Mental Stress and Exercise in Cardiac Patients Following Successful Coronary Angioplasty T2 - 64th Annual Scientific Conference of the American Psychosomatic Society AN - 39815584; 4156938 JF - 64th Annual Scientific Conference of the American Psychosomatic Society AU - Kop, Willem J AU - Weissman, Neil J AU - Zhu, Jiahui AU - Stretch, Micah R AU - Glaes, Sami B AU - Krantz, David S AU - Tracy, Russell P AU - Gottdiener, John S Y1 - 2006/03/01/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Mar 01 KW - Stress KW - Heart KW - Physical training UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39815584?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=64th+Annual+Scientific+Conference+of+the+American+Psychosomatic+Society&rft.atitle=Pro-Inflammatory+Responses+to+Mental+Stress+and+Exercise+in+Cardiac+Patients+Following+Successful+Coronary+Angioplasty&rft.au=Kop%2C+Willem+J%3BWeissman%2C+Neil+J%3BZhu%2C+Jiahui%3BStretch%2C+Micah+R%3BGlaes%2C+Sami+B%3BKrantz%2C+David+S%3BTracy%2C+Russell+P%3BGottdiener%2C+John+S&rft.aulast=Kop&rft.aufirst=Willem&rft.date=2006-03-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=64th+Annual+Scientific+Conference+of+the+American+Psychosomatic+Society&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.psychosomatic.org/events/events_annual_meeting.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The presidential election in Croatia, January 2005 AN - 37702988; 3251439 JF - Electoral studies AU - Antic, Miljenko AD - Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2006/03// PY - 2006 DA - Mar 2006 SP - 177 EP - 183 VL - 25 IS - 1 SN - 0261-3794, 0261-3794 KW - Political Science KW - Presidential elections KW - Constitutional law KW - EU membership KW - Croatia KW - Electoral campaigning KW - Candidates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/37702988?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Electoral+studies&rft.atitle=The+presidential+election+in+Croatia%2C+January+2005&rft.au=Antic%2C+Miljenko&rft.aulast=Antic&rft.aufirst=Miljenko&rft.date=2006-03-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Electoral+studies&rft.issn=02613794&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.electstud.2005.06.002 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 4137 9635; 3823 4529 4534 10721 6737 4539 10727 9030; 1941 556; 2758 2752 9720 6590 7253; 10058 4128; 100 394 129 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2005.06.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Afghanistan's post-Taliban transition: the state of state-building after war AN - 36613051; 3395813 JF - Central Asian survey AU - Johnson, Thomas H AD - Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2006/03// PY - 2006 DA - Mar 2006 SP - 1 EP - 26 VL - 25 IS - 1-2 SN - 0263-4937, 0263-4937 KW - Political Science KW - Democratization KW - Political instability KW - State building KW - Political conditions KW - State failure KW - Post-conflict societies KW - Regime transition KW - Afghanistan KW - Development KW - Nation building UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36613051?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Central+Asian+survey&rft.atitle=Afghanistan%27s+post-Taliban+transition%3A+the+state+of+state-building+after+war&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Thomas+H&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2006-03-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Central+Asian+survey&rft.issn=02634937&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F02634930600902991 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 12174 12168 9008 12092 9720 6590; 10698 9653; 9718; 9925 11979 2698; 3403 9653; 3483; 9664; 8477 8476; 12181 4733 9390; 1 85 30 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02634930600902991 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temporal and spatial variability of fecal indicator bacteria in the surf zone off Huntingdon Beach, CA AN - 20282925; 7091122 AB - Fecal indicator bacteria concentrations measured in the surf zone off Huntington Beach, CA from July 1998-December 2001 were analysed with respect to their spatial patterns along 23 km of beach, and temporal variability on time scales from hourly to fortnightly. The majority of samples had bacterial concentrations less than, or equal to, the minimum detection limit, but a small percentage exceeded the California recreational water standards. Areas where coliform bacteria exceeded standards were more prevalent north of the Santa Ana River, whereas enterococci exceedances covered a broad area both north and south of the river. Higher concentrations of bacteria were associated with spring tides. No temporal correspondence was found between these bacterial events and either the timing of cold water pulses near shore due to internal tides, or the presence of southerly swell in the surface wave field. All three fecal indicator bacteria exhibited a diel cycle, but enterococci rebounded to high nighttime values almost as soon as the sun went down, whereas coliform levels were highest near the nighttime low tide, which was also the lower low tide. JF - Marine environmental research AU - Rosenfeld, L K AU - McGee, C D AU - Robertson, G L AU - Noble, MA AU - Jones, B H AD - Department of Oceanography, Naval Postgraduate School, Code OC/Ro, 833 Dyer Road, Room 328, Monterey, CA 93943-5122 USA, 1krosenf@nps.edu Y1 - 2006/03// PY - 2006 DA - Mar 2006 SP - 471 EP - 493 VL - 61 IS - 5 SN - 0141-1136, 0141-1136 KW - ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Rivers KW - Marine KW - Internal waves KW - Diurnal variations KW - Beaches KW - Coliforms KW - Shores KW - Surf zone KW - Tides KW - Sewage KW - INE, USA, California, Huntington Beach KW - Nighttime KW - Sun KW - Waves KW - Internet KW - Indicator species KW - Q4 27750:Environmental KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20282925?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+environmental+research&rft.atitle=Temporal+and+spatial+variability+of+fecal+indicator+bacteria+in+the+surf+zone+off+Huntingdon+Beach%2C+CA&rft.au=Rosenfeld%2C+L+K%3BMcGee%2C+C+D%3BRobertson%2C+G+L%3BNoble%2C+MA%3BJones%2C+B+H&rft.aulast=Rosenfeld&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2006-03-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=471&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+environmental+research&rft.issn=01411136&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.marenvres.2006.02.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-10-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Physical medium: Printed matter, Internet N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diurnal variations; Internal waves; Sewage; Nighttime; Surf zone; Tides; Indicator species; Rivers; Coliforms; Beaches; Sun; Shores; Waves; Internet; INE, USA, California, Huntington Beach; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2006.02.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of Carboxyl-Terminal Peptide Fragments of Parathyroid Hormone in Human Plasma at Low-Picomolar Levels by Mass Spectrometry AN - 19630315; 7361908 AB - For decades, researchers have tried to identify the primary structures of circulating carboxyl-terminal parathyroid hormone (C-PTH) peptide fragments that may be present at only picomolar levels in human plasma. Although immunoassays and radiosequencing techniques have provided valuable fragment characterizations, no analysis has successfully determined their exact primary structures. In this work, for the first time, four human C-PTH peptide fragments, hPTH(34-84), hPTH(37-84), hPTH(38-84), and hPTH(45-84), have been identified from human plasma using MS-based methods. C-PTH peptide fragments were isolated from plasma samples by immunoaffinity extraction. The eluate was analyzed by capillary LC fractionation followed by MALDI-TOF-MS or by on-line coupling of nano-LC with ESI-TOF-MS. Both the MALDI- and the ESI-based approaches were capable of detecting C-PTH peptide fragments in human plasma at <10 pmol/L. The MALDI-TOF approach was effective in preliminary searches for C-PTH peptide fragments, but the use of high laser power limited the resolution necessary for accurate C-PTH peptide identification. The high mass resolution (10 000) and accuracy (10 ppm) attained by the ESI-TOF approach enabled unambiguous identification of these peptides. The four C-PTH peptide fragments identified in plasma samples from patients with chronic renal insufficiency were also found in the plasma of healthy women receiving recombinant human PTH either by subcutaneous injection or by intravenous infusion. This newly developed analytical capability should greatly enhance the understanding of PTH metabolism and parathyroid gland function. JF - Analytical Chemistry (Washington) AU - Zhang, C-X AU - Weber, B V AU - Thammavong, J AU - Grover, T A AU - Wells, D S AD - NPS Pharmaceuticals, 383 Colorow Drive, Salt lake City, Utah 84108, USA Y1 - 2006/03/01/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Mar 01 SP - 1636 EP - 1643 VL - 78 IS - 5 SN - 0003-2700, 0003-2700 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Parathyroid KW - Intravenous administration KW - Parathyroid hormone KW - Renal insufficiency KW - Lasers KW - Immunoassays KW - Metabolism KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Amino acid sequence KW - W 30900:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19630315?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.atitle=Identification+of+Carboxyl-Terminal+Peptide+Fragments+of+Parathyroid+Hormone+in+Human+Plasma+at+Low-Picomolar+Levels+by+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.au=Zhang%2C+C-X%3BWeber%2C+B+V%3BThammavong%2C+J%3BGrover%2C+T+A%3BWells%2C+D+S&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=C-X&rft.date=2006-03-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1636&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.issn=00032700&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fac051711o LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Parathyroid hormone; Amino acid sequence; Mass spectroscopy; Intravenous administration; Lasers; Metabolism; Renal insufficiency; Parathyroid; Immunoassays DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac051711o ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems to Predict Locations of Anopheles darlingi-Positive Breeding Sites Within the Sibun River in Belize, Central America AN - 19463147; 7001408 AB - Previous studies have identified several anopheline species integral to the transmission of malaria in Belize. The highly efficient vector, Anopheles darlingi Root, is currently considered the most important. The preferred larval habitat of An. darlingi has been described as floating detritus patches, which are commonly associated with overhanging spiny bamboo, Guadua longifolia (E. Fourn.), along river margins. The objectives of this study were to use remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) tools to 1) define the landscape features (i.e., river curvature, land cover, and house locations) associated with An. darlingi-positive breeding habitats and 2) determine the association between cleared land cover and the growth of spiny bamboo. A systematic survey was conducted in which all detritus patches of at least 1 m super(2) were sampled, mapped using GPS, and characterized by cause of habitat lodging. Bamboo stretches growing along the river margins also were mapped. Spatial analyses of satellite imagery found no associations between river characteristics or land cover with positive An. darlingi habitats. In addition, there was no significant difference in cleared versus forested land cover in relation to the presence or absence of bamboo. Results indicate that the average distance from homes to negative habitats was significantly greater than from positive detritus mats. Based on the land cover and river characteristics used, our results do not support the use of remote sensing as a predictive tool to locate specific areas within rivers positive for An. darlingi habitats. JF - Journal of Medical Entomology AU - Achee, N L AU - Grieco, J P AU - Masuoka, P AU - Andre, R G AU - Roberts AU - Thomas, J AU - Briceno, I AU - King, R AU - Rejmankova, E AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814 Y1 - 2006/03// PY - 2006 DA - March 2006 SP - 382 EP - 392 PB - Entomological Society of America VL - 43 IS - 2 SN - 0022-2585, 0022-2585 KW - Mosquitoes KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Entomology Abstracts KW - Belize KW - Human diseases KW - Anopheles KW - Remote sensing KW - Roots KW - Lodging KW - Malaria KW - Freshwater KW - Disease transmission KW - Public health KW - Detritus KW - Aquatic insects KW - Rivers KW - Houses KW - Landscape KW - Vectors KW - Culicidae KW - Habitat KW - Satellites KW - Breeding sites KW - Anopheles darlingi KW - Guadua longifolia KW - Geographic information systems KW - GIS KW - Q1 08302:Geographical distribution KW - Z 05206:Medical & veterinary entomology KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19463147?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Medical+Entomology&rft.atitle=Use+of+Remote+Sensing+and+Geographic+Information+Systems+to+Predict+Locations+of+Anopheles+darlingi-Positive+Breeding+Sites+Within+the+Sibun+River+in+Belize%2C+Central+America&rft.au=Achee%2C+N+L%3BGrieco%2C+J+P%3BMasuoka%2C+P%3BAndre%2C+R+G%3BRoberts%3BThomas%2C+J%3BBriceno%2C+I%3BKing%2C+R%3BRejmankova%2C+E&rft.aulast=Achee&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2006-03-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=382&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Medical+Entomology&rft.issn=00222585&rft_id=info:doi/10.1603%2F0022-2585%282006%290432.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Human diseases; Breeding sites; Remote sensing; Malaria; GIS; Aquatic insects; Detritus; Public health; Houses; Landscape; Vectors; Roots; Lodging; Habitat; Satellites; Disease transmission; Geographic information systems; Anopheles darlingi; Anopheles; Culicidae; Guadua longifolia; Belize; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/0022-2585(2006)043[0382:UORSAG]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seasonal availability of abundant, energy-rich prey influences the abundance and diet of a marine predator, the Steller sea lion Eumetopias jubatus AN - 19388335; 7153949 AB - Steller sea lions Eumetopias jubatus are central-place foragers that forage in the marine environment while using terrestrial sites to rest and care for young. Some terrestrial sites are used seasonally; however, the reasons for doing so are not fully understood. We addressed the hypothesis that seasonal availability of prey influences seasonal abundance and diet of sea lions. We quantified monthly prey availability and sea lion abundance and quarterly diet composition at Benjamin Island in SE Alaska (2001-2004). Large numbers of sea lions occupied Benjamin Island during the non-breeding season from October to April when Pacific herring Clupea pallasii biomass was highest. Herring was the most common species in sea lion diet (frequency of occurrence [FO] = 90%) and comprised over 81% of the available pelagic prey biomass and 96% of the energy encountered during pelagic surveys. Walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma accounted for 19% of the available prey biomass but was only slightly less common in sea lion diet (FO = 88%) than herring. Herring biomass was correlated with the number of sea lions; in contrast, there was no relationship between pollock biomass and number of sea lions. Several fish species were found in nearshore areas, but were uncommon in sea lion diet. Sea lions consumed the available pelagic prey but little of the available nearshore prey. The FO of herring and pollock in sea lion diet did not differ significantly between seasons; however, the FO of other seasonal prey species differed between seasons. Seasonal occupation of Benjamin Island by sea lions is influenced by seasonally available, densely aggregated, energy-rich prey. JF - Marine Ecology Progress Series AU - Womble, Jamie N AU - Sigler, Michael F AD - School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 11120 Glacier Highway, Juneau, Alaska 99801, USA, jamie_womble@nps.gov Y1 - 2006/03// PY - 2006 DA - March 2006 SP - 281 EP - 293 PB - Inter-Research, Nordbuente 23 Oldendorf/Luhe 21385 Germany, [mailto:ir@int-res.com] VL - 325 SN - 0171-8630, 0171-8630 KW - Pacific herring KW - Steller's sea lion KW - Walleye pollock KW - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Seasonal KW - Prey availability KW - Abundance KW - Diet KW - Energy KW - Eumetopias jubatus KW - Clupea pallasii KW - Theragra chalcogramma KW - Diets KW - Marine KW - Foraging behavior KW - INE, USA, Alaska KW - Food availability KW - Predators KW - Marine fish KW - Foraging behaviour KW - Interspecific relationships KW - Marine mammals KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 08483:Species interactions: general KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19388335?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbiology&rft.atitle=Deinococcus+radiodurans+engineered+for+complete+toluene+degradation+facilitates+Cr%28VI%29+reduction&rft.au=Brim%2C+Hassan%3BOsborne%2C+Jeffrey+P%3BKostandarithes%2C+Heather+M%3BFredrickson%2C+James+K%3BWackett%2C+Lawrence+P%3BDaly%2C+Michael+J&rft.aulast=Brim&rft.aufirst=Hassan&rft.date=2006-08-01&rft.volume=152&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2469&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbiology&rft.issn=13500872&rft_id=info:doi/10.1099%2Fmic.0.29009-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Marine fish; Foraging behaviour; Interspecific relationships; Marine mammals; Predators; Food availability; Foraging behavior; Eumetopias jubatus; Theragra chalcogramma; Clupea pallasii; INE, USA, Alaska; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Foraging Patch Selection by Snail Kites in Response to Vegetation Structure and Prey Abundance and Availability AN - 17275317; 7002050 AB - The role of food abundance and vegetation structure in selection of foraging habitat by the Snail Kite (Rostrhamus sociabilis) was explored. Selection of available foraging patches of either dense or sparse habitat structure within two prairie habitat types used extensively by foraging kites, Eleocharis flats and Panicum flats were examined. Estimated Apple Snail (Pomacea paludosa) densities on our study site ranged from 0.33 to 1.58 per m super(2). Vegetation structure (sparse vs. dense) of the habitat type had a greater influence on where prey was captured than did site, the dominant emergent vegetation, or prey abundance. These results are consistent with previous suggestions that dense vegetation may obscure prey and limit or preclude use of densely vegetated habitats by foraging kites. This may be true, even when prey is in relatively high abundance, and may indicate the difference between prey abundance and availability. Most water management recommendations related to the Snail Kite call for prolonged inundation, based on an explicit assumption that this results in increased Apple Snail abundance. Even when directed at a single species such as the Snail Kite, water management may need to be considered in a more holistic framework that considers factors that influence the resulting vegetation communities, rather than just production of Apple Snails. JF - Waterbirds AU - Bennetts, R E AU - Darby, P C AU - Karunaratne, L B AD - U.S.G.S., Florida Integrated Science Centers, 7920 NW 71st Street, Gainesville, FL 32653, USA, robert_bennetts@nps.gov Y1 - 2006/03// PY - 2006 DA - March 2006 SP - 88 EP - 94 PB - The Waterbird Society VL - 29 IS - 1 SN - 1524-4695, 1524-4695 KW - Florida applesnail KW - Snail kite KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Food organisms KW - Foraging behavior KW - Pomacea paludosa KW - Emergent vegetation KW - Abundance KW - Vegetation KW - Food availability KW - Habitat selection KW - Population dynamics KW - Food consumption KW - Prairies KW - Foraging behaviour KW - Vegetation cover KW - Panicum KW - Rostrhamus sociabilis KW - Water management KW - Eleocharis KW - Aquatic birds KW - Patchiness KW - D 04671:Birds KW - Y 25496:Birds KW - Q1 08425:Nutrition and feeding habits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17275317?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waterbirds&rft.atitle=Foraging+Patch+Selection+by+Snail+Kites+in+Response+to+Vegetation+Structure+and+Prey+Abundance+and+Availability&rft.au=Bennetts%2C+R+E%3BDarby%2C+P+C%3BKarunaratne%2C+L+B&rft.aulast=Bennetts&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2006-03-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=88&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Waterbirds&rft.issn=15244695&rft_id=info:doi/10.1675%2F1524-4695%282006%29292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vegetation cover; Foraging behaviour; Food organisms; Emergent vegetation; Water management; Food availability; Population dynamics; Habitat selection; Patchiness; Aquatic birds; Prairies; Food consumption; Foraging behavior; Abundance; Vegetation; Panicum; Pomacea paludosa; Rostrhamus sociabilis; Eleocharis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1675/1524-4695(2006)29[88:FPSBSK]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of genotoxicity of 14 chemical agents used in dental practice: Ability to induce chromosome aberrations in Syrian hamster embryo cells AN - 17105441; 6722580 AB - To assess the genotoxicity of 14 chemical agents used as locally applied agents in dental practice, the ability of these agents to elicit chromosome aberrations was examined using Syrian hamster embryo (SHE) cells. Chromosome aberrations in SHE cells were induced by treatment with three of eight chemical agents used as endodontic medicaments, i.e. ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), formocresol (a mixture of formalin and tricresol), and sodium arsenite. The other five chemical agents, i.e. chloramphenicol, p-chlorophenol, p-phenolsulfonic acid, sodium hypochlorite, and tetracycline hydrochloride exhibited a negative response for chromosome aberrations. Assessment of three dyes used for disclosing dental plaque showed chromosome aberrations induced by basic fuchsin but not by acid fuchsin and erythrosine B. Three local anesthetics, lidocaine hydrochloride, prilocaine hydrochloride, and procaine hydrochloride, were negative for chromosome aberrations. Among the ten chemical agents that exhibited a negative response in the assay, p-chlorophenol, sodium hypochlorite, and erythrosine B induced chromosome aberrations in SHE cells when treated in the presence of exogenous metabolic activation. The percentages of cells with polyploidy or endoreduplication were enhanced by formocresol, sodium arsenite, p-chlorophenol, p-phenolsulfonic acid, sodium hypochlorite, erythrosine B, prilocaine hydrochloride, and procaine hydrochloride in the absence or presence of exogenous metabolic activation. Our results indicate that the chemical agents that had a positive response in the present study are potentially genotoxic to mammalian cells. JF - Mutation Research-Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis AU - Hagiwara, M AU - Watanabe, E AU - Barrett, J C AU - Tsutsui, T AD - School of Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan, takeki@tokyo.ndu.ac.jp Y1 - 2006/02/28/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Feb 28 SP - 111 EP - 120 PB - Elsevier B.V. VL - 603 IS - 2 SN - 1383-5718, 1383-5718 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Endoreduplication KW - Chloramphenicol KW - p-Phenolsulfonic acid KW - Sodium arsenite KW - Polyploidy KW - Local anesthetics KW - Genotoxicity KW - Lidocaine KW - Sodium hypochlorite KW - Formaldehyde KW - Dental plaque KW - Tetracyclines KW - Mutagenesis KW - Mammalian cells KW - Embryo cells KW - Dyes KW - Metabolic activation KW - Embryos KW - prilocaine KW - Chromosome aberrations KW - p-Chlorophenol KW - Edetic acid KW - X 24117:Biochemistry KW - G 07710:Chemical Mutagenesis & Radiation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17105441?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research-Genetic+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+genotoxicity+of+14+chemical+agents+used+in+dental+practice%3A+Ability+to+induce+chromosome+aberrations+in+Syrian+hamster+embryo+cells&rft.au=Hagiwara%2C+M%3BWatanabe%2C+E%3BBarrett%2C+J+C%3BTsutsui%2C+T&rft.aulast=Hagiwara&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2006-02-28&rft.volume=603&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research-Genetic+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Mutagenesis&rft.issn=13835718&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.mrgentox.2005.08.011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Endoreduplication; p-Phenolsulfonic acid; Chloramphenicol; Polyploidy; Sodium arsenite; Local anesthetics; Genotoxicity; Sodium hypochlorite; Lidocaine; Formaldehyde; Tetracyclines; Dental plaque; Mutagenesis; Dyes; Embryo cells; Mammalian cells; Metabolic activation; Embryos; prilocaine; Chromosome aberrations; p-Chlorophenol; Edetic acid DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2005.08.011 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Characterization of the EphrinB2-Binding Site on the Henipavirus G Glycoprotein T2 - 2006 Keystone Symposia on Cell Biology of Virus Entry, Replication and Pathogenesis (C4) AN - 40141585; 4098988 JF - 2006 Keystone Symposia on Cell Biology of Virus Entry, Replication and Pathogenesis (C4) AU - Bishop, Kimberly A Y1 - 2006/02/24/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Feb 24 KW - Glycoproteins KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40141585?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2006+Keystone+Symposia+on+Cell+Biology+of+Virus+Entry%2C+Replication+and+Pathogenesis+%28C4%29&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+the+EphrinB2-Binding+Site+on+the+Henipavirus+G+Glycoprotein&rft.au=Bishop%2C+Kimberly+A&rft.aulast=Bishop&rft.aufirst=Kimberly&rft.date=2006-02-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2006+Keystone+Symposia+on+Cell+Biology+of+Virus+Entry%2C+Replication+and+Pathogenesis+%28C4%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.keystonesymposia.org/Meetings/ViewMeetings.cfm?MeetingID=803 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Comparison of Serum Cytokine Levels in Breast and Prostate Malignancies T2 - First Academic Surgical Congress (AAS 2006) AN - 39871195; 4098220 JF - First Academic Surgical Congress (AAS 2006) AU - Khoo, S AU - Banez, L L AU - Dehqanzada, Z A AU - Storrer, C E AU - Srivastava, S AU - Ponniah, S AU - Peoples, G E Y1 - 2006/02/07/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Feb 07 KW - Malignancy KW - Cytokines KW - Prostate KW - Breast KW - Serum KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39871195?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=First+Academic+Surgical+Congress+%28AAS+2006%29&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+Serum+Cytokine+Levels+in+Breast+and+Prostate+Malignancies&rft.au=Khoo%2C+S%3BBanez%2C+L+L%3BDehqanzada%2C+Z+A%3BStorrer%2C+C+E%3BSrivastava%2C+S%3BPonniah%2C+S%3BPeoples%2C+G+E&rft.aulast=Khoo&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2006-02-07&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=First+Academic+Surgical+Congress+%28AAS+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academicsurgicalcongress.org/pdffiles/2006_ASC_Program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Phase IB Trial of the HER2/NEU Peptide (E75) Vaccine for Optimal Dosing in Node-Negative Breast Cancer Patients T2 - First Academic Surgical Congress (AAS 2006) AN - 39868870; 4098560 JF - First Academic Surgical Congress (AAS 2006) AU - Mittendorf, E A AU - Khoo, S AU - Dehqanzada, Z A AU - Hueman, M T AU - Storrer, C E AU - Harris, K A AU - Ponniah, S AU - Shriver, C D AU - Peoples Jr., G.E. Y1 - 2006/02/07/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Feb 07 KW - Vaccines KW - Breast cancer KW - Neu protein KW - HER2 protein KW - Clinical trials KW - Peptides KW - Disease control KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39868870?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=First+Academic+Surgical+Congress+%28AAS+2006%29&rft.atitle=Phase+IB+Trial+of+the+HER2%2FNEU+Peptide+%28E75%29+Vaccine+for+Optimal+Dosing+in+Node-Negative+Breast+Cancer+Patients&rft.au=Mittendorf%2C+E+A%3BKhoo%2C+S%3BDehqanzada%2C+Z+A%3BHueman%2C+M+T%3BStorrer%2C+C+E%3BHarris%2C+K+A%3BPonniah%2C+S%3BShriver%2C+C+D%3BPeoples+Jr.%2C+G.E.&rft.aulast=Mittendorf&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2006-02-07&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=First+Academic+Surgical+Congress+%28AAS+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academicsurgicalcongress.org/pdffiles/2006_ASC_Program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Immunological Monitoring of In Vitro and In Vivo Immune Responses to the II-KEY/HER2/NEU MHC Class II Peptide Vaccine in a Phase I Clinical Trial in Breast Cancer Patients T2 - First Academic Surgical Congress (AAS 2006) AN - 39747614; 4098562 JF - First Academic Surgical Congress (AAS 2006) AU - Khoo, S AU - Storrer, C E AU - Harris, K A AU - Jama, Y H AU - Dehqanzada, Z A AU - Ponniah, S AU - Shriver, C D AU - Peoples Jr., G.E. AU - Von Hofe, E Y1 - 2006/02/07/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Feb 07 KW - Clinical trials KW - Vaccines KW - Breast cancer KW - Neu protein KW - HER2 protein KW - Major histocompatibility complex KW - Peptides KW - Disease control KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39747614?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=First+Academic+Surgical+Congress+%28AAS+2006%29&rft.atitle=Immunological+Monitoring+of+In+Vitro+and+In+Vivo+Immune+Responses+to+the+II-KEY%2FHER2%2FNEU+MHC+Class+II+Peptide+Vaccine+in+a+Phase+I+Clinical+Trial+in+Breast+Cancer+Patients&rft.au=Khoo%2C+S%3BStorrer%2C+C+E%3BHarris%2C+K+A%3BJama%2C+Y+H%3BDehqanzada%2C+Z+A%3BPonniah%2C+S%3BShriver%2C+C+D%3BPeoples+Jr.%2C+G.E.%3BVon+Hofe%2C+E&rft.aulast=Khoo&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2006-02-07&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=First+Academic+Surgical+Congress+%28AAS+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.academicsurgicalcongress.org/pdffiles/2006_ASC_Program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of current assessments and perspectives of ESR tooth dosimetry for radiation dose reconstruction of the population residing near the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site. AN - 67818128; 16571945 AB - Between 1949 and 1989 the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site (SNTS), an area of 19,000 square km in northeastern Kazakhstan, was the location of over 400 nuclear test explosions with a total explosive energy of 6.6 Mt TNT (trinitrotoluene or trotyl) equivalent. It is estimated that the bulk of the radiation exposure to the population resulted from three tests, conducted in 1949, 1951, and 1953 although estimations of radiation doses received by the local population have varied significantly. Analysis of the published ESR dose reconstruction results for residents of the villages near the SNTS show that they do not correlate well with other methods of dose assessment (e.g. model dose calculation and thermo luminescence dosimetry (TLD) in bricks). The most significant difference in dose estimations was found for the population of Dolon, which was exposed as result of the first Soviet nuclear test in 1949. Published results of ESR measurements in tooth enamel are considerably lower than other dose estimations. Detailed analysis of these results is provided and a possible explanation for this discrepancy and ways to eliminate it are suggested. JF - Journal of radiation research AU - Romanyukha, Alex AU - Schauer, David A AU - Malikov, Yurii K AD - Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. aromanyukha@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2006/02// PY - 2006 DA - February 2006 SP - A55 EP - A60 VL - 47 Suppl A SN - 0449-3060, 0449-3060 KW - Radioactive Fallout KW - 0 KW - Radioisotopes KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Kazakhstan -- epidemiology KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Body Burden KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - Age Distribution KW - Relative Biological Effectiveness KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Risk Factors KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Female KW - Male KW - Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy -- methods KW - Radiation Monitoring -- methods KW - Dental Enamel KW - Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy -- statistics & numerical data KW - Radioisotopes -- analysis KW - Risk Assessment -- methods KW - Radioactive Fallout -- analysis KW - Radiation Monitoring -- statistics & numerical data KW - Nuclear Warfare -- statistics & numerical data UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67818128?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+radiation+research&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+current+assessments+and+perspectives+of+ESR+tooth+dosimetry+for+radiation+dose+reconstruction+of+the+population+residing+near+the+Semipalatinsk+nuclear+test+site.&rft.au=Romanyukha%2C+Alex%3BSchauer%2C+David+A%3BMalikov%2C+Yurii+K&rft.aulast=Romanyukha&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft.date=2006-02-01&rft.volume=47+Suppl+A&rft.issue=&rft.spage=A55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+radiation+research&rft.issn=04493060&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-06-01 N1 - Date created - 2006-03-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pineal region teratoma with high serum and CSF alpha-fetoprotein levels. AN - 67695430; 16503489 AB - We report a patient with an immature teratoma of the pineal region with high levels of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. This is very rare and to the best our knowledge, the second case reported in the literature. JF - Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia AU - Cheng, Cheng-Mao AU - Chiang, Yung-Hsiao AU - Nieh, Shin AD - Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense University, 325, Sec. 2, Cheng-Kung Rd., Taipei 00114, Taiwan. amourchiang@hotmail.com Y1 - 2006/02// PY - 2006 DA - February 2006 SP - 257 EP - 259 VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 0967-5868, 0967-5868 KW - alpha-Fetoproteins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Neurosurgical Procedures KW - Magnetic Resonance Imaging KW - Combined Modality Therapy KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Headache -- etiology KW - Male KW - Teratoma -- metabolism KW - Teratoma -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Pinealoma -- metabolism KW - Teratoma -- therapy KW - Pinealoma -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - alpha-Fetoproteins -- cerebrospinal fluid KW - Pinealoma -- therapy KW - alpha-Fetoproteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67695430?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+clinical+neuroscience+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Neurosurgical+Society+of+Australasia&rft.atitle=Pineal+region+teratoma+with+high+serum+and+CSF+alpha-fetoprotein+levels.&rft.au=Cheng%2C+Cheng-Mao%3BChiang%2C+Yung-Hsiao%3BNieh%2C+Shin&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Cheng-Mao&rft.date=2006-02-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+clinical+neuroscience+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Neurosurgical+Society+of+Australasia&rft.issn=09675868&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-04-26 N1 - Date created - 2006-02-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using focus groups to investigate the educational needs of female injecting heroin users in Taiwan in relation to HIV/AIDS prevention. AN - 67642886; 15996976 AB - This study investigated educational needs of female injecting heroin users in Taiwan relating to HIV/AIDS prevention via six focus group discussions in a prison. All sessions were audio-taped with respondents' consent and the discussions transcribed verbatim. The findings indicated that respondents had adequate knowledge about HIV/AIDS, but held misconceptions regarding the modes of HIV transmission. Many respondents who did not perceive themselves susceptible to AIDS rarely used condoms and occasionally shared needles. Stigma surrounding AIDS is pervasive among respondents and they considered contracting cancer would be preferable to having AIDS; the latter could precipitate suicide. Lastly, many respondents had no confidence in assurances of confidentiality regarding HIV testing. Issues of misconceptions, high-risk behaviors, stigma surrounding AIDS and confidentiality of HIV testing must be addressed in appropriate HIV/AIDS education programmes with respect to the needs of female injecting heroin users. JF - Health education research AU - Lee, Tony Szu-Hsien AU - Fu, Li-An AU - Fleming, Paul AD - Department of Humanities.ocial Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, National Defense University, Taipei 114, Taiwan. tonylee@mail.ndmctsgh.edu.tw Y1 - 2006/02// PY - 2006 DA - February 2006 SP - 55 EP - 65 VL - 21 IS - 1 SN - 0268-1153, 0268-1153 KW - Heroin KW - 70D95007SX KW - Health technology assessment KW - Focus Groups KW - Taiwan KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Prisoners KW - Female KW - HIV Infections -- transmission KW - HIV Infections -- prevention & control KW - Needs Assessment KW - Substance Abuse, Intravenous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67642886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+education+research&rft.atitle=Using+focus+groups+to+investigate+the+educational+needs+of+female+injecting+heroin+users+in+Taiwan+in+relation+to+HIV%2FAIDS+prevention.&rft.au=Lee%2C+Tony+Szu-Hsien%3BFu%2C+Li-An%3BFleming%2C+Paul&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Tony&rft.date=2006-02-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+education+research&rft.issn=02681153&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-04-17 N1 - Date created - 2006-02-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - French war plans, 1914: the 'Balance of Power Paradox' AN - 37724008; 3265757 AB - Historians have noted that both German and French war preparation in 1914 fell victim to the inadequacies of traditional threat-based planning: vulnerability to 'threat deception' which caused each to underestimate or mischaracterize the threat; a tendency to 'mirror-image' by fitting intelligence into preconceived notions of how the enemy was expected to behave; and 'group think' that discouraged a serious consideration of alternative scenarios. This article applies the 'Balance of Power Paradox' to explain why, at the dawn of the twentieth century, war planning in both Germany and France was driven by an acute sense of weakness which encouraged each side to fashion highly 'risk acceptant' strategies. In particular, he examines why and how French commander-in-chief General Joseph Joffre evolved and rationalized his audacious, and disastrous, Plan XVII to leverage French weaknesses and prevent the stronger German Army from bringing the full weight of its military strength to bear against France. The potential implication of this historical vignette is that leaders, and by extension military planners, of both strong and weak states focus on the constraints faced by their opponents, and assume that they can avoid the limitations of their position, while their opponent cannot. Reprinted by permission of Frank Cass & Co. Ltd. JF - Journal of strategic studies AU - Porch, Douglas AD - US Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2006/02// PY - 2006 DA - Feb 2006 SP - 117 EP - 144 VL - 29 IS - 1 SN - 0140-2390, 0140-2390 KW - Political Science KW - Warfare KW - Balance of power KW - Historical analysis KW - Strategic studies KW - Perception KW - World War One KW - Europe KW - Defence policy KW - Threat UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/37724008?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+strategic+studies&rft.atitle=French+war+plans%2C+1914%3A+the+%27Balance+of+Power+Paradox%27&rft.au=Porch%2C+Douglas&rft.aulast=Porch&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=2006-02-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+strategic+studies&rft.issn=01402390&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F01402390600566423 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 13457 13443 2698; 1441 9754 9965; 13741 13757 13443 2698; 12750; 9382; 3349 5574 10472; 12308 9782 9778; 5873 971; 129 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01402390600566423 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Institutional entrepreneurship: a Coasian perspective AN - 36517999; 3318667 AB - Economists have long argued that the prevailing institutional structures of the economic system produce a particular spectrum of entrepreneurial activity. However, these institutions themselves change over time, sometimes as the result of entrepreneurial behaviour. This paper investigates the idea of institutional entrepreneurship from a Coasian perspective. This perspective puts transaction-cost-reducing institutions at the centre of the analysis, and examines the role of institutional entrepreneurs in constructing and transforming these economically valuable artefacts. The paper presents a case study of an institutional entrepreneur and concludes that, from a Coasian perspective, institutional entrepreneurship is one type of entrepreneurial behaviour that seems worthy of further research. Reprinted by permission of IP Publishing Ltd JF - International journal of entrepreneurship and innovation AU - Dew, Nicholas AD - Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2006/02// PY - 2006 DA - Feb 2006 SP - 13 EP - 22 VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1465-7503, 1465-7503 KW - Economics KW - Entrepreneurship KW - Standardization KW - Business studies KW - Economic change KW - Transaction costs KW - Economic structure KW - Institutions KW - Small and medium sized enterprises UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36517999?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+entrepreneurship+and+innovation&rft.atitle=Institutional+entrepreneurship%3A+a+Coasian+perspective&rft.au=Dew%2C+Nicholas&rft.aulast=Dew&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft.date=2006-02-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+entrepreneurship+and+innovation&rft.issn=14657503&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 1880 10902 1841; 11735 4300; 4306 3872 554 971; 6590; 4014; 3893 3921; 12911 2934; 12164 10529 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Established Intimin Receptor Tir and the Putative Eucaryotic Intimin Receptors Nucleolin and beta 1 Integrin Localize at or near the Site of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 Adherence to Enterocytes In Vivo AN - 20978736; 6660863 AB - For enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 to adhere tightly to the intestinal epithelium and produce attach and efface (A/E) lesions, the organism must express the adhesin intimin and insert the bacterially encoded translocated intimin receptor Tir into the plasma membrane of the host enterocyte. Additionally, some reports based on tissue culture experiments indicate that intimin has affinity for the eucaryotic proteins nucleolin and beta 1 integrin. To address the potential biological relevance of these eucaryotic proteins in the infection process in vivo, we sought to compare the proximity of Tir, nucleolin, and beta 1 integrin to regions of EHEC O157:H7 attachment in intestinal sections from three different inoculated animals: piglets, neonatal calves, and mice. Piglets and neonatal calves were chosen because intimin-mediated adherence of EHEC O157:H7 and subsequent A/E lesion formation occur at high levels in these animals. Mice were selected because of their ease of manipulation but only after we first demonstrated that in competition with the normal mouse gut flora, an EHEC O157:H7 strain with a nonpolar deletion in the intimin gene was cleared faster than strains that produced wild-type or hybrid intimin. In all three animal species, we noted immunostained Tir beneath and stained nucleolin closely associated with adherent bacteria in intestinal sections. We also observed immunostained beta 1 integrin clustered at locations of bacterial adherence in porcine and bovine tissue. These findings indicate that nucleolin and beta 1 integrin are present on the luminal surface of intestinal epithelia and are potentially accessible as receptors for intimin during EHEC O157:H7 infection. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Sinclair, James F AU - Dean-Nystrom, Evelyn A AU - O'Brien, Alison D AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland. Pre-Harvest Food Safety and Enteric Disease Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, Iowa Y1 - 2006/02// PY - 2006 DA - Feb 2006 SP - 1255 EP - 1265 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 74 IS - 2 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Adhesins KW - translocated intimin receptor KW - Tissue culture KW - Infection KW - Gene deletion KW - Digestive tract KW - Plasma membranes KW - Integrins KW - Hybrids KW - Escherichia coli KW - Intestine KW - Epithelium KW - nucleolin KW - Neonates KW - Competition KW - Enterocytes KW - Intimin KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms KW - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20978736?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=The+Established+Intimin+Receptor+Tir+and+the+Putative+Eucaryotic+Intimin+Receptors+Nucleolin+and+beta+1+Integrin+Localize+at+or+near+the+Site+of+Enterohemorrhagic+Escherichia+coli+O157%3AH7+Adherence+to+Enterocytes+In+Vivo&rft.au=Sinclair%2C+James+F%3BDean-Nystrom%2C+Evelyn+A%3BO%27Brien%2C+Alison+D&rft.aulast=Sinclair&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2006-02-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1255&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adhesins; translocated intimin receptor; Tissue culture; Infection; Gene deletion; Digestive tract; Plasma membranes; Integrins; Hybrids; Intestine; nucleolin; Epithelium; Neonates; Competition; Intimin; Enterocytes; Escherichia coli ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Induction of In Vivo Antipolysaccharide Immunoglobulin Responses to Intact Streptococcus pneumoniae Is More Heavily Dependent on Btk-Mediated B-Cell Receptor Signaling than Antiprotein Responses AN - 17473275; 6660885 AB - The relative role of Btk-dependent B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling in the induction of antipolysaccharide (anti-PS) and antiprotein immunoglobulin (Ig) responses to an intact extracellular bacterium in vivo is unknown. Btk super(low) mice exhibit reduced BCR signaling but largely restore B-cell development. Btk super(low) mice immunized with intact Streptococcus pneumoniae elicit reduced anti-PS but normal antiprotein Ig responses. Immunization of Btk super(low) mice with PS-protein conjugate in saline results in an even more profound defect in the anti-PS but not antiprotein response, which is largely restored by use of a CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotide as an adjuvant. These data demonstrate a greater dependence on Btk-mediated BCR signaling for physiologic anti-PS relative to antiprotein responses, as well as the existence of a compensatory Toll-like-receptor-mediated signaling pathway naturally triggered in response to intact bacterial pathogens. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Khan, Abdul Q AU - Sen, Goutam AU - Guo, Shuling AU - Witte, Owen N AU - Snapper, Clifford M AD - Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, Maryland 20814. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 675 Charles E. Young Dr. S., 5-748 MRL, Los Angeles, California 90095-1662 Y1 - 2006/02// PY - 2006 DA - Feb 2006 SP - 1419 EP - 1424 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 74 IS - 2 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Streptococcus pneumoniae KW - Lymphocytes B KW - Adjuvants KW - Antibody response KW - double prime B-cell receptor KW - Polysaccharides KW - Oligonucleotides KW - Immunization KW - Signal transduction KW - Immunoglobulins KW - J 02834:Vaccination and immunization KW - F 06100:Vaccines - active immunity KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17473275?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Induction+of+In+Vivo+Antipolysaccharide+Immunoglobulin+Responses+to+Intact+Streptococcus+pneumoniae+Is+More+Heavily+Dependent+on+Btk-Mediated+B-Cell+Receptor+Signaling+than+Antiprotein+Responses&rft.au=Khan%2C+Abdul+Q%3BSen%2C+Goutam%3BGuo%2C+Shuling%3BWitte%2C+Owen+N%3BSnapper%2C+Clifford+M&rft.aulast=Khan&rft.aufirst=Abdul&rft.date=2006-02-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1419&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lymphocytes B; Antibody response; Adjuvants; Polysaccharides; double prime B-cell receptor; Oligonucleotides; Immunization; Immunoglobulins; Signal transduction; Streptococcus pneumoniae ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transcriptome Analysis Applied to Survival of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 Exposed to Ionizing Radiation AN - 17460668; 6660967 AB - The ionizing radiation (IR) dose that yields 20% survival (D sub(20)) of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 is lower by factors of 20 and 200 than those for Escherichia coli and Deinococcus radiodurans, respectively. Transcriptome analysis was used to identify the genes of MR-1 responding to 40 Gy (D sub(20)). We observed the induction of 170 genes and repression of 87 genes in MR-1 during a 1-h recovery period after irradiation. The genomic response of MR-1 to IR is very similar to its response to UV radiation (254 nm), which included induction of systems involved in DNA repair and prophage synthesis and the absence of differential regulation of tricarboxylic acid cycle activity, which occurs in IR-irradiated D. radiodurans. Furthermore, strong induction of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes in MR-1 was observed. DNA damage may not be the principal cause of high sensitivity to IR, considering that MR-1 carries genes encoding a complex set of DNA repair systems and 40 Gy IR induces less than one double-strand break in its genome. Instead, a combination of oxidative stress, protein damage, and prophage-mediated cell lysis during irradiation and recovery might underlie this organism's great sensitivity to IR. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Qiu, Xiaoyun AU - Daly, Michael J AU - Vasilenko, Alexander AU - Omelchenko, Marina V AU - Gaidamakova, Elena K AU - Wu, Liyou AU - Zhou, Jizhong AU - Sundin, George W AU - Tiedje, James M AD - Center for Microbial Ecology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824. Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20894. Environmental Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831. Department of Plant Pathology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 Y1 - 2006/02/01/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Feb 01 SP - 1199 EP - 1204 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 188 IS - 3 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Genomes KW - Antioxidants KW - Survival KW - Double-strand break repair KW - DNA repair KW - Prophages KW - DNA damage KW - U.V. radiation KW - Radiation KW - Oxidative stress KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Shewanella oneidensis KW - Escherichia coli KW - Deinococcus radiodurans KW - Tricarboxylic acid cycle KW - Gene silencing KW - N 14030:DNA: biosynthesis, repair & replication cycle KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17460668?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=Transcriptome+Analysis+Applied+to+Survival+of+Shewanella+oneidensis+MR-1+Exposed+to+Ionizing+Radiation&rft.au=Qiu%2C+Xiaoyun%3BDaly%2C+Michael+J%3BVasilenko%2C+Alexander%3BOmelchenko%2C+Marina+V%3BGaidamakova%2C+Elena+K%3BWu%2C+Liyou%3BZhou%2C+Jizhong%3BSundin%2C+George+W%3BTiedje%2C+James+M&rft.aulast=Qiu&rft.aufirst=Xiaoyun&rft.date=2006-02-01&rft.volume=188&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Antioxidants; Survival; DNA repair; Double-strand break repair; Prophages; DNA damage; U.V. radiation; Radiation; Oxidative stress; Ionizing radiation; Tricarboxylic acid cycle; Gene silencing; Shewanella oneidensis; Escherichia coli; Deinococcus radiodurans ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Building the invisible wall: updating the chlamydial peptidoglycan anomaly AN - 17082510; 6703907 AB - The existence of peptidoglycan (PG) in chlamydiae has long been debated. Genome sequencing of members of the Chlamydiaceae family and Protochlamydia amoebophila has uncovered a nearly complete pathway for PG synthesis in these organisms. The recent use of microarray and proteomic analysis methods has revealed that PG synthesis genes are expressed primarily during reticulate body development and division. Furthermore, key genes in the chlamydial PG synthesis pathway encode functional PG synthesis enzymes, some of which provide the basis for the susceptibility of chlamydiae to PG inhibitors. Recent studies shed light on how the construction of a cell wall in chlamydiae is taking shape and why the wall is being built. JF - Trends in Microbiology AU - McCoy, Andrea J AU - Maurelli, Anthony T AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA, amaurelli@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2006/02// PY - 2006 DA - Feb 2006 SP - 70 EP - 77 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0966-842X, 0966-842X KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Genomes KW - Construction KW - Reviews KW - peptidoglycans KW - Enzymes KW - Reticulate bodies KW - proteomics KW - Chlamydiaceae KW - Cell walls KW - J 02721:Cell cycle, morphology and motility UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17082510?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Trends+in+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Building+the+invisible+wall%3A+updating+the+chlamydial+peptidoglycan+anomaly&rft.au=McCoy%2C+Andrea+J%3BMaurelli%2C+Anthony+T&rft.aulast=McCoy&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rft.date=2006-02-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=70&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Trends+in+Microbiology&rft.issn=0966842X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.tim.2005.12.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Construction; Reviews; Enzymes; peptidoglycans; proteomics; Reticulate bodies; Cell walls; Chlamydiaceae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2005.12.004 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - An Observational Study on Air Quality in Lanzhou China T2 - 6th Symposium on the Urban Environment AN - 40135695; 4068700 JF - 6th Symposium on the Urban Environment AU - Chu, Peter C AU - Chen, Y AU - Lu, S. AU - Li, Z. AU - Lu, Y. AU - An, X. Y1 - 2006/01/29/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Jan 29 KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Air quality KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40135695?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=6th+Symposium+on+the+Urban+Environment&rft.atitle=An+Observational+Study+on+Air+Quality+in+Lanzhou+China&rft.au=Chu%2C+Peter+C%3BChen%2C+Y%3BLu%2C+S.%3BLi%2C+Z.%3BLu%2C+Y.%3BAn%2C+X.&rft.aulast=Chu&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2006-01-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=6th+Symposium+on+the+Urban+Environment&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/Annual2006/techprogram/program_318.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Wave Effect on the Air-Sea Fluxes During Typhoon Seasons T2 - 14th Conference on Interaction of the Sea and Atmosphere AN - 40061721; 4057258 JF - 14th Conference on Interaction of the Sea and Atmosphere AU - Chu, Peter C AU - Cheng, K F Y1 - 2006/01/29/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Jan 29 KW - Typhoons KW - Wave effects KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40061721?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=14th+Conference+on+Interaction+of+the+Sea+and+Atmosphere&rft.atitle=Wave+Effect+on+the+Air-Sea+Fluxes+During+Typhoon+Seasons&rft.au=Chu%2C+Peter+C%3BCheng%2C+K+F&rft.aulast=Chu&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2006-01-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=14th+Conference+on+Interaction+of+the+Sea+and+Atmosphere&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/Annual2006/techprogram/program_311.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Large-Scale Mid-Depth North Atlantic Circulation Identified from ARGO Float Trajectory Data Using the Optimal Decomposition Method T2 - 10th Symposium on Integrated Observing and Assimilation Systems for Atmosphere, Oceans, and Land Surface (IOAS-AOLS 2006) AN - 40046615; 4068623 JF - 10th Symposium on Integrated Observing and Assimilation Systems for Atmosphere, Oceans, and Land Surface (IOAS-AOLS 2006) AU - Chu, Peter C AU - Ivanov, L M AU - Melnichenko, O AU - Wells, N Y1 - 2006/01/29/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Jan 29 KW - North Atlantic KW - Decomposition KW - Degradation KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40046615?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=10th+Symposium+on+Integrated+Observing+and+Assimilation+Systems+for+Atmosphere%2C+Oceans%2C+and+Land+Surface+%28IOAS-AOLS+2006%29&rft.atitle=Large-Scale+Mid-Depth+North+Atlantic+Circulation+Identified+from+ARGO+Float+Trajectory+Data+Using+the+Optimal+Decomposition+Method&rft.au=Chu%2C+Peter+C%3BIvanov%2C+L+M%3BMelnichenko%2C+O%3BWells%2C+N&rft.aulast=Chu&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2006-01-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=10th+Symposium+on+Integrated+Observing+and+Assimilation+Systems+for+Atmosphere%2C+Oceans%2C+and+Land+Surface+%28IOAS-AOLS+2006%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/Annual2006/techprogram/meeting_Annual2006.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Aerosol Optical Depth Retrievals from High-Resolution Commercial Satellite Imagery Over Areas of High Surface Reflectance T2 - 14th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography AN - 39885169; 4057098 JF - 14th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography AU - Vincent, Dominick A AU - Durkee, P A AU - Nielsen, K E AU - Zhang, J AU - Reid, J S Y1 - 2006/01/29/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Jan 29 KW - Remote sensing KW - Optical analysis KW - Satellite sensing KW - Aerosols KW - Reflectance KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39885169?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=14th+Conference+on+Satellite+Meteorology+and+Oceanography&rft.atitle=Aerosol+Optical+Depth+Retrievals+from+High-Resolution+Commercial+Satellite+Imagery+Over+Areas+of+High+Surface+Reflectance&rft.au=Vincent%2C+Dominick+A%3BDurkee%2C+P+A%3BNielsen%2C+K+E%3BZhang%2C+J%3BReid%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Vincent&rft.aufirst=Dominick&rft.date=2006-01-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=14th+Conference+on+Satellite+Meteorology+and+Oceanography&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/Annual2006/techprogram/program_312.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Over-Ocean Rainfall Retrieval from TRMM/TMI Data During the Typhoon Season T2 - 14th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography AN - 39794488; 4056990 JF - 14th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography AU - Hu, Jen-Chi AU - Chen, W.-J. AU - Liu, G.-R. AU - Tsai, M.-D. AU - Chang, M.-H. Y1 - 2006/01/29/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Jan 29 KW - Rainfall KW - Typhoons KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39794488?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=14th+Conference+on+Satellite+Meteorology+and+Oceanography&rft.atitle=Over-Ocean+Rainfall+Retrieval+from+TRMM%2FTMI+Data+During+the+Typhoon+Season&rft.au=Hu%2C+Jen-Chi%3BChen%2C+W.-J.%3BLiu%2C+G.-R.%3BTsai%2C+M.-D.%3BChang%2C+M.-H.&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Jen-Chi&rft.date=2006-01-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=14th+Conference+on+Satellite+Meteorology+and+Oceanography&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/Annual2006/techprogram/program_312.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - RNA interference targeting Akt promotes apoptosis in hypoxia-exposed human neuroblastoma cells AN - 17111072; 6741693 AB - Overactivation of the PI3 kinase/Akt pathway plays an essential role in the development and progression of various tumors. Akt is a key component of this pathway and hyperactivated in different tumors including neuroblastoma and glioma. In the present study, we tested the therapeutic efficacy of siRNA targeting Akt in inducing apoptotic cell death in NBFL cells (a human neuroblastoma cell line) subjected to anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R), a process that has been shown to modulate growth and progression of malignant tumors. We observed that siRNA targeting Akt effectively induced apoptotic cell death in NBFL cells (as determined by TUNEL assay and activated caspase-3 immunoreactivity) under normoxic conditions, an effect that was greatly enhanced under conditions of A/R. These findings underscore the importance of Akt signaling in promoting survival of neuroblastoma cells and may have potential therapeutic applications. JF - Brain Research AU - Liu, X H AU - Yu, E Z AU - Li, Y Y AU - Rollwagen, F M AU - Kagan, E AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA, liuxiuhuai@mail.nih.gov Y1 - 2006/01/27/ PY - 2006 DA - 2006 Jan 27 SP - 24 EP - 30 VL - 1070 IS - 1 SN - 0006-8993, 0006-8993 KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Cell survival KW - Apoptosis KW - Therapeutic applications KW - Tumors KW - Neuroblastoma KW - Anoxia KW - Brain tumors KW - 1-Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase KW - siRNA KW - Immunoreactivity KW - Neuroblastoma cells KW - AKT protein KW - Caspase-3 KW - RNA-mediated interference KW - Glioma KW - Signal transduction KW - N 14830:RNA KW - W 30915:Pharmaceuticals & Vaccines KW - N3 11027:Neurology & neuropathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17111072?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+Research&rft.atitle=RNA+interference+targeting+Akt+promotes+apoptosis+in+hypoxia-exposed+human+neuroblastoma+cells&rft.au=Liu%2C+X+H%3BYu%2C+E+Z%3BLi%2C+Y+Y%3BRollwagen%2C+F+M%3BKagan%2C+E&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=2006-01-27&rft.volume=1070&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+Research&rft.issn=00068993&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.brainres.2005.11.041 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cell survival; Apoptosis; Therapeutic applications; Tumors; Neuroblastoma; Anoxia; Brain tumors; 1-Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; siRNA; Immunoreactivity; Caspase-3; AKT protein; Neuroblastoma cells; RNA-mediated interference; Glioma; Signal transduction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2005.11.041 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Expression of N-acetylaspartate and N-acetylaspartylglutamate in the nervous system. AN - 68587555; 16802702 JF - Advances in experimental medicine and biology AU - Moffett, John R AU - Namboodiri, Aryan M A AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda MD, 20814, USA. jmoffett@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 7 EP - 26; discussion 361-3 VL - 576 SN - 0065-2598, 0065-2598 KW - Dipeptides KW - 0 KW - Isoenzymes KW - Neurotransmitter Agents KW - isospaglumic acid KW - 1W8M12WXYL KW - Aspartic Acid KW - 30KYC7MIAI KW - N-acetylaspartate KW - 997-55-7 KW - Glutamate Decarboxylase KW - EC 4.1.1.15 KW - glutamate decarboxylase 1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Phylogeny KW - Brain -- enzymology KW - Animals KW - Neurotransmitter Agents -- metabolism KW - Neurons -- cytology KW - Brain -- anatomy & histology KW - Neurons -- enzymology KW - Macaca mulatta KW - Immunohistochemistry -- methods KW - Isoenzymes -- metabolism KW - Glutamate Decarboxylase -- metabolism KW - Aspartic Acid -- metabolism KW - Aspartic Acid -- analogs & derivatives KW - Dipeptides -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68587555?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+experimental+medicine+and+biology&rft.atitle=Expression+of+N-acetylaspartate+and+N-acetylaspartylglutamate+in+the+nervous+system.&rft.au=Moffett%2C+John+R%3BNamboodiri%2C+Aryan+M+A&rft.aulast=Moffett&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=576&rft.issue=&rft.spage=7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+experimental+medicine+and+biology&rft.issn=00652598&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-08-22 N1 - Date created - 2006-06-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preface: a brief review of N-acetylaspartate. AN - 68583798; 16802700 JF - Advances in experimental medicine and biology AU - Moffett, John R AU - Namboodiri, Aryan M A AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. jmoffett@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - vii EP - xiii VL - 576 SN - 0065-2598, 0065-2598 KW - Dipeptides KW - 0 KW - isospaglumic acid KW - 1W8M12WXYL KW - Aspartic Acid KW - 30KYC7MIAI KW - N-acetylaspartate KW - 997-55-7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Osmolar Concentration KW - Canavan Disease -- enzymology KW - Animals KW - Neurons -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Dipeptides -- biosynthesis KW - Myelin Sheath -- chemistry KW - Myelin Sheath -- metabolism KW - Energy Metabolism KW - Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy KW - Aspartic Acid -- metabolism KW - Aspartic Acid -- analogs & derivatives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68583798?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+experimental+medicine+and+biology&rft.atitle=Preface%3A+a+brief+review+of+N-acetylaspartate.&rft.au=Moffett%2C+John+R%3BNamboodiri%2C+Aryan+M+A&rft.aulast=Moffett&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=576&rft.issue=&rft.spage=vii&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+experimental+medicine+and+biology&rft.issn=00652598&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-08-22 N1 - Date created - 2006-06-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Patients, their doctors, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the perception of risk. AN - 68582796; 16542490 AB - This article is about risk. Risk is probably the most misunderstood component in determining therapeutic intervention; however, it is probably the most relevant issue to consider in the context of expected benefit. The rarity of quantitative risk-benefit assessment and the lack of comparative risk-benefit when alternative therapies exist for a given condition leads to inadequate decisions. Without some quantitation of the risks associated with specific therapies, doctors and patients cannot make optimal risk-benefit calculations. Patients may abandon effective therapies for which benefits may still outweigh risks, or opt for therapies with less well-publicized potential adverse events of even greater frequency or severity. When only small incremental benefits accrue to patients from the use of a given therapy, on the other hand, even very rare serious events may play a role in decision-making by patients, by their health care providers and by regulatory authorities. JF - Arthritis research & therapy AU - Goldkind, Lawrence AU - Simon, Lee S AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. sgoldkind@aol.com Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 105 VL - 8 IS - 2 KW - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Risk Assessment KW - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal -- adverse effects KW - Physicians KW - Patients UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68582796?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arthritis+research+%26+therapy&rft.atitle=Patients%2C+their+doctors%2C+nonsteroidal+anti-inflammatory+drugs+and+the+perception+of+risk.&rft.au=Goldkind%2C+Lawrence%3BSimon%2C+Lee+S&rft.aulast=Goldkind&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Arthritis+research+%26+therapy&rft.issn=1478-6362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-08-02 N1 - Date created - 2006-06-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: JAMA. 2000 Sep 13;284(10):1247-55 [10979111] N Engl J Med. 2000 Nov 23;343(21):1520-8, 2 p following 1528 [11087881] FDA Consum. 1999 Sep-Oct;33(5):8-11, 13 [10522164] Drug Saf. 2002;25(6):381-92 [12071774] Lancet. 2004 Aug 21-27;364(9435):675-84 [15325832] Am J Ther. 2000 Mar;7(2):115-21 [11319579] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid determination of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide and permethrin in human plasma by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and pyridostigmine bromide by high-performance liquid chromatography. AN - 67875434; 16620527 AB - A rapid and highly sensitive gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method for simultaneous determination of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) and permethrin with (2)H(10)-phenanthrene (98 atom %) as an internal standard and a separate external standard high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for pyridostigmine bromide (PB) determination in human plasma were developed and validated. The GC-MS method for DEET and permethrin quantification utilizes a one-step extraction with tert-butylmethylether. The HPLC method for PB quantification involves a solid-phase extraction and UV detection. The range of the analytical method for DEET and permethrin was 1 ng/mL to 100 ng/mL and for PB was 5 ng/mL to 100 ng/mL. Recovery from plasma proved to be more than 80%. The intraday precision ranged from 1.3% to 8% for DEET, from 2.1% to 11.4% for permethrin, and from 3.0% to 4.8% for PB. The interday precision was 3% for DEET, ranged from 5% to 9% for permethrin, and from 5% to 9% for PB. The accuracy for the limit of quantification was 92% +/- 8% relative standard deviation (RSD) for DEET, 112% +/- 11% RSD for permethrin, and 109% +/- 5% RSD for PB. All 3 compounds were stable in human plasma at -80 degrees C for at least 12 months and after 2 freeze-thaw cycles with RSD values ranging from 7.1% (DEET, 80 ng/mL) to 8.1% (DEET, 8 ng/mL), from 2.3% (permethrin, 80 ng/mL) to 11.6 % (permethrin, 8 ng/mL), and from 0.2% (PB, 80 ng/mL) to 3.6% (PB, 8 ng/mL). Both methods were successfully applied to pharmacokinetic/ pharmacodynamic studies of combined exposure of DEET (skin application), permethrin (treated uniforms), and PB (30 mg orally three times/day for four doses) in healthy volunteers (n = 81). JF - Journal of analytical toxicology AU - Cherstniakova, Svetlana A AU - Garcia, Gregory E AU - Strong, John AU - Bi, Daoqin AU - Weitz, Julie AU - Roy, Michael J AU - Cantilena, Louis R AD - Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Medical Toxicology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. PY - 2006 SP - 21 EP - 26 VL - 30 IS - 1 SN - 0146-4760, 0146-4760 KW - Insect Repellents KW - 0 KW - Insecticides KW - DEET KW - 134-62-3 KW - Permethrin KW - 509F88P9SZ KW - Pyridostigmine Bromide KW - KVI301NA53 KW - Index Medicus KW - Drug Stability KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Humans KW - Military Medicine KW - Pyridostigmine Bromide -- pharmacokinetics KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry -- methods KW - Permethrin -- blood KW - Insecticides -- pharmacokinetics KW - Insect Repellents -- pharmacokinetics KW - DEET -- pharmacokinetics KW - Pyridostigmine Bromide -- blood KW - Insect Repellents -- blood KW - Permethrin -- pharmacokinetics KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Insecticides -- blood KW - DEET -- blood UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67875434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+analytical+toxicology&rft.atitle=Rapid+determination+of+N%2CN-diethyl-m-toluamide+and+permethrin+in+human+plasma+by+gas+chromatography-mass+spectrometry+and+pyridostigmine+bromide+by+high-performance+liquid+chromatography.&rft.au=Cherstniakova%2C+Svetlana+A%3BGarcia%2C+Gregory+E%3BStrong%2C+John%3BBi%2C+Daoqin%3BWeitz%2C+Julie%3BRoy%2C+Michael+J%3BCantilena%2C+Louis+R&rft.aulast=Cherstniakova&rft.aufirst=Svetlana&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+analytical+toxicology&rft.issn=01464760&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-05-04 N1 - Date created - 2006-04-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Responding to Workplace Terrorism: Applying Military Models of Behavioral Health and Public Health Response AN - 61403270; 200801081 AB - SUMMARY. The behavioral health response to the September 11th, 2001, attack at the Pentagon illustrates the principles of a public health approach to the emotional and behavioral consequences of terrorism. This model applies public health principles and consultation. It addresses resiliency, illness, distress, and risk behaviors to maximize return to health and work productivity. In this approach, multidisciplinary teams conduct a program of health surveillance, health education and informational briefings at sites within the workplace and to key leaders. The composition of these teams would differ in other civilian settings and should include an integrated response from security, employee assistance, human resources, communications, and leadership. However, the principles of the approach would remain consistent: identify individuals and populations at high risk for post-attack distress reactions or illness, integrate family support into workplace support, promote individual and community resilience, and refer individuals as necessary for further assessment and treatment. Adapted from the source document. COPIES ARE AVAILABLE FROM: HAWORTH DOCUMENT DELIVERY CENTER, The Haworth Press, Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, NY 13904-1580 JF - Journal of Workplace Behavioral Health AU - Benedek, David M AU - Ursano, Robert J AU - Fullerton, Carol S AU - Vineburgh, Nancy T AU - Gifford, Robert K AD - Uniformed Services University School of Medicine E-mail: dbenedek@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2006///0, PY - 2006 DA - 0, 2006 SP - 21 EP - 33 PB - The Haworth Press, Binghamton NY VL - 21 IS - 3-4 SN - 1555-5240, 1555-5240 KW - Terrorism, military applications, workplace response, behavioral health, public health KW - Resilience KW - Risk KW - Public Health KW - Terrorism KW - Family Therapy KW - Social Support KW - Human Resources KW - Health Care Services KW - Models KW - article KW - 6145: education, work, & occupations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61403270?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Workplace+Behavioral+Health&rft.atitle=Responding+to+Workplace+Terrorism%3A+Applying+Military+Models+of+Behavioral+Health+and+Public+Health+Response&rft.au=Benedek%2C+David+M%3BUrsano%2C+Robert+J%3BFullerton%2C+Carol+S%3BVineburgh%2C+Nancy+T%3BGifford%2C+Robert+K&rft.aulast=Benedek&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Workplace+Behavioral+Health&rft.issn=15555240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1300%2FJ490v21n03_02 LA - English DB - Social Services Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2008-02-04 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Models; Resilience; Terrorism; Health Care Services; Family Therapy; Public Health; Social Support; Human Resources; Risk DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J490v21n03_02 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Doing a Literature Review AN - 60135995; 200607951 AB - Recommendations for conducting political science literature reviews are offered. It is stated that literature reviews are generally performed as a form of scholarship, as a initial step in accomplishing a larger research task, & as a primary section of a completed scholarly project; moreover, it is asserted that literature reviews can be used to propose future directs of scholarly investigation. Although literature published in conventional academic publications should be addressed, it is stressed that the publication activities of governmental agencies & nongovernmental organization & works published via Internet technology should be included in current literature reviews. Several strategies for creating an valuable literature review are presented, eg, summarize each works central argument & acknowledge how particular authors are affiliated with disparate theoretical schools of thought. Four specific objectives for any literature review are identified, eg, differentiating areas of topical agreement from those of topical divergence & assessing the overall state of existing knowledge on the topic in question. Moreover, suggestions for tackling problems that may emerge in literature reviews contain an insufficient or excessive number of works are addressed. References. J. W. Parker JF - PS: Political Science & Politics AU - Knopf, Jeffrey W AD - Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2006/01// PY - 2006 DA - January 2006 SP - 127 EP - 132 VL - 39 IS - 1 SN - 1049-0965, 1049-0965 KW - Journals KW - Literature Reviews KW - Political Science Research KW - article KW - 9023: academic discipline; history and present state UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60135995?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PS%3A+Political+Science+%26+Politics&rft.atitle=Doing+a+Literature+Review&rft.au=Knopf%2C+Jeffrey+W&rft.aulast=Knopf&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=PS%3A+Political+Science+%26+Politics&rft.issn=10490965&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-10-30 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Literature Reviews; Political Science Research; Journals ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Countering the Pull of Islamic Extremism in Saudi Arabia AN - 59873688; 200920518 AB - Since the September 11 terrorist attacks on the United States researchers have made a concerted attempt to better understand the factors that underlie the recruiting successes of groups like al-Qaida. A whole spectrum of motivations, political, socio-economic, religious and emotional have been identified. No doubt the relative strength of these factors will vary considerably from country to country. Given its connection to the September 11 terrorists, Saudi Arabia is of particular interest. An assessment of the Saudi situation finds limited economic and political prospects for large segments of the population stemming from a failed economic transition which may be a key factor explaining the pull of extremist groups in that country. Adapted from the source document. JF - Political Crossroads AU - Looney, Robert AD - Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey Y1 - 2006///0, PY - 2006 DA - 0, 2006 PB - James Nicholas Publishers, Victoria Australia VL - 13 IS - 1 SN - 1323-5761, 1323-5761 KW - Saudi Arabia, terrorism, socio-economic development, economic transition, reforms. KW - Economic Change KW - Saudi Arabia KW - Religious Fundamentalism KW - Radicalism KW - Terrorism KW - Islam KW - Economic Development KW - Reform KW - article KW - 9241: politics and religion; politics and religion UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59873688?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Political+Crossroads&rft.atitle=Countering+the+Pull+of+Islamic+Extremism+in+Saudi+Arabia&rft.au=Looney%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Looney&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Political+Crossroads&rft.issn=13235761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-09 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Islam; Radicalism; Religious Fundamentalism; Saudi Arabia; Terrorism; Economic Development; Reform; Economic Change ER - TY - JOUR T1 - NATO Decision making: How the 'Consensus Rule' Works AN - 59759292; 200717079 AB - NATO decisions are the expression of the collective will of its member governments. Under the rule, no ally can be forced to approve an action against its will. Consensus rule allows NATO to respect distinctive national legislation. Through the rule, NATO can build political and military solidarity. The consensus rule forces Allies to undertake the widest possible consultations to build support for their ideas. Adapted from the source document. JF - Croatian International Relations Review AU - Michel, Leo AD - National Defense University, Fort Lesley J. McNair, Washington, DC Y1 - 2006/01// PY - 2006 DA - January 2006 SP - 7 EP - 14 PB - Institute for International Relations, Zagreb Croatia VL - 12 IS - 42-43 SN - 1331-1182, 1331-1182 KW - NATO, Consensus rule KW - Consensus KW - NATO KW - Decision Making KW - Collective Action KW - article KW - 9065: international relations; international institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59759292?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Croatian+International+Relations+Review&rft.atitle=NATO+Decision+making%3A+How+the+%27Consensus+Rule%27+Works&rft.au=Michel%2C+Leo&rft.aulast=Michel&rft.aufirst=Leo&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=42-43&rft.spage=7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Croatian+International+Relations+Review&rft.issn=13311182&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-10-03 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - NATO; Decision Making; Consensus; Collective Action ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Fight against Terrorist Financing AN - 59751087; 200710742 AB - Examines the prospects for an international regime to combat terrorist financing. She concludes that in the absence of a common definition among the United States & its European allies, the prospects for implementing a vigorous counter-terrorist-financing regime are dim. Adapted from the source document. JF - Political Science Quarterly AU - Clunan, Anne L AD - Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2006/01// PY - 2006 DA - January 2006 SP - 569 EP - 596 PB - Academy of Political Science, New York NY VL - 121 IS - 4 SN - 0032-3195, 0032-3195 KW - Financial Support KW - Terrorism KW - United States of America KW - Europe KW - International Relations KW - Security Policy KW - Alliance KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59751087?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Political+Science+Quarterly&rft.atitle=The+Fight+against+Terrorist+Financing&rft.au=Clunan%2C+Anne+L&rft.aulast=Clunan&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=569&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Political+Science+Quarterly&rft.issn=00323195&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-02 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Financial Support; Terrorism; Security Policy; International Relations; Alliance; Europe; United States of America ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Responding to Surprise AN - 59719736; 200617309 AB - This essay explores governmental & scholarly responses to the December 7, 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor & the September 11, 2001 attacks on the United States. Both events caught intelligence analysts, military officers, & elected officials by surprise. This essay describes the differences between the two events, especially in the ways official inquiries have helped shape our understanding of why the surprise occurred. Before both events, data suggesting that attacks were possible or even probable were available within the "intelligence pipeline." The essay focuses on how scholars & official investigations reported & explained that finding. It also identifies continuities between the investigations that followed the Japanese & al Qaeda attacks on the United States. Tables, References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Annual Review of Political Science AU - Wirtz, James J AD - Dept National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA jwirtz@nps.edu Y1 - 2006///0, PY - 2006 DA - 0, 2006 SP - 45 EP - 65 PB - Annual Reviews, Palo Alto CA VL - 9 SN - 1094-2939, 1094-2939 KW - terrorism, intellience, Pearl Harbor, al Qaeda, September 11, 2001, surprise attack, commissions KW - Intelligence KW - Public Officials KW - Terrorism KW - Military Strategy KW - Twenty First Century KW - Military Officers KW - United States of America KW - World War II KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59719736?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Political+Science&rft.atitle=Responding+to+Surprise&rft.au=Wirtz%2C+James+J&rft.aulast=Wirtz&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Review+of+Political+Science&rft.issn=10942939&rft_id=info:doi/10.1146%2Fannurev.polisci.9.062404.170600 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Intelligence; United States of America; Military Strategy; Twenty First Century; World War II; Terrorism; Public Officials; Military Officers DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.polisci.9.062404.170600 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - International Law and the November 2004 "Han Incident" AN - 59718895; 200620411 AB - The Ishigaki Strait is an international strait by the terms of the United Nations Law of the Sea Convention, but for national security reasons it is not recognized as such by the Japanese government, which advocates a narrower definition of what constitutes an international strait in which the right of transit passage applies. China, as a traditional land power with tradinationally weak maritime forces, has historically agreed with Japan's limitations on access through such straits. As China's maritime strength grows, it has increasingly greater interest in access to ocean spaces. However, because of tension & poor coordination between its military & foreign policy bureaucracies, China missed an opportunity during the diplomatic crisis in November 2004 to align its position on maritime law with its strategic interests. Figures. Adapted from the source document. JF - Asian Security AU - Dutton, Peter A AD - Joint Military Operations Dept, US Naval War Coll, Newport, RI peter.dutton@nwc.navy.mil Y1 - 2006///0, PY - 2006 DA - 0, 2006 SP - 87 EP - 101 PB - Taylor & Francis, US VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 1479-9855, 1479-9855 KW - Peoples Republic of China KW - Navy KW - United Nations KW - Maritime Law KW - article KW - 9061: international relations; international law UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59718895?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asian+Security&rft.atitle=International+Law+and+the+November+2004+%22Han+Incident%22&rft.au=Dutton%2C+Peter+A&rft.aulast=Dutton&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Asian+Security&rft.issn=14799855&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F14799850600767267 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United Nations; Maritime Law; Peoples Republic of China; Navy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14799850600767267 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Origins of Popular Support for Lebanon's Hezbollah AN - 59714722; 200616119 AB - The present study utilized comprehensive survey research ( n= 256) to understand the reasons behind growing Shi'i support for Hezbollah in Lebanon. It argues that the origins of this support are correlated with the level of satisfaction with government performance & to the degree of personal religiosity displayed by the respondents. The results revealed that Shi'i respondents are first, more likely to support Hezbollah if they display intense religiosity levels. Second, government satisfaction is not a major predictor of attitude toward Hezbollah. Specifically, Shi'i respondents expressed favorable views toward the growth of Hezbollah, its use of force, the willingness to side with the party in case of confrontation, & manifested opposition to its disarming. If the existing attitudes hold, coercive action against the party threatens to undermine Lebanon's stability with regional implications. Tables, References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Studies in Conflict & Terrorism AU - Haddad, Simon AD - Notre Dame U, Jounieh, Lebanon shaddad@ndu.edu.lb Y1 - 2006/01// PY - 2006 DA - January 2006 SP - 21 EP - 34 PB - Taylor & Francis, Philadelphia PA VL - 29 IS - 1 SN - 1057-610X, 1057-610X KW - Support KW - Religion Politics Relationship KW - Religiosity KW - Public Opinion KW - Political Parties KW - article KW - 9121: political behavior; political behavior UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59714722?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Studies+in+Conflict+%26+Terrorism&rft.atitle=The+Origins+of+Popular+Support+for+Lebanon%27s+Hezbollah&rft.au=Haddad%2C+Simon&rft.aulast=Haddad&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Studies+in+Conflict+%26+Terrorism&rft.issn=1057610X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F10576100500351250 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - SCTREO N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Religion Politics Relationship; Religiosity; Political Parties; Public Opinion; Support DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10576100500351250 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Case Studies of the Orphans of Duplessis: The Power of Stories AN - 57197694; 200712697 AB - Commentary on "Seven Institutionalized Children and Their Adaptation in Late Adulthood: The Children of Duplessis". Adapted from the source document. JF - Psychiatry AU - Cozza, Stephen J AD - Uniformed Services U Health Services, Bethesda, MD scozza@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2006/01// PY - 2006 DA - January 2006 SP - 325 EP - 327 PB - The Guilford Press VL - 69 IS - 4 SN - 0033-2747, 0033-2747 KW - Psychological trauma KW - Case studies KW - Adulthood KW - Institutionalized people KW - Adaptation KW - Orphans KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57197694?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychiatry&rft.atitle=Case+Studies+of+the+Orphans+of+Duplessis%3A+The+Power+of+Stories&rft.au=Cozza%2C+Stephen+J&rft.aulast=Cozza&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Psychiatry&rft.issn=00332747&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-31 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - CODEN - PSYCAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Orphans; Institutionalized people; Adaptation; Adulthood; Psychological trauma; Case studies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Locus of Control and the Attribution for Poverty: Comparing Lebanese and South African University Students AN - 57084724; 200700930 AB - The attitudes of a sample of 443 Lebanese & South African college students towards the causes of poverty as measured by their locus of control & socio-demographic background were studied. Cross-national differences & personality style constructs of external & internal locus of control were used in a MANCOVA design. No significant interaction differences appeared between national status & locus of control, which gave no support to the main hypothesis of this study that respondents from individualistic cultures (South Africa) have internal locus of control & make more individualistic attributions of poverty. Lebanese students were more structuralistic, & had more external than internal locus of control than South Africans. The independent variable of class did not appear as a predictor to the structural attribution for poverty. Hence, university education may be the most important factor in the attributions of poverty. Conceptualization in the design as to how individuals see poverty outside their immediate environment & how this can affect the formation of their poverty attitudes are suggested as areas for further research. Tables, References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Social Behavior and Personality AU - Nasser, Ramzi AU - Abouchedid, Kamal AD - Notre Dame U, Zouk Mosbeh, Lebanon rnasser@ndu.edu.lb Y1 - 2006///0, PY - 2006 DA - 0, 2006 SP - 777 EP - 795 PB - Society for Personality Research, Palmerston North, New Zealand VL - 34 IS - 7 SN - 0301-2212, 0301-2212 KW - causes of poverty, Lebanese students, South African students, locus of control KW - Attributions KW - Poverty KW - Locus of control KW - Lebanon KW - South Africa KW - Undergraduate students KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57084724?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Social+Behavior+and+Personality&rft.atitle=Locus+of+Control+and+the+Attribution+for+Poverty%3A+Comparing+Lebanese+and+South+African+University+Students&rft.au=Nasser%2C+Ramzi%3BAbouchedid%2C+Kamal&rft.aulast=Nasser&rft.aufirst=Ramzi&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=777&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Social+Behavior+and+Personality&rft.issn=03012212&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-08 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - CODEN - SBHPAF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Locus of control; Attributions; Poverty; Undergraduate students; Lebanon; South Africa ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rip spacing and persistence on an embayed beach AN - 51538945; 2006-076029 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Holman, R A AU - Symonds, G AU - Thornton, E B AU - Ranasinghe, R Y1 - 2006/01// PY - 2006 DA - January 2006 SP - 17 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 111 IS - C1 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - currents KW - Palm Beach Australia KW - Australasia KW - time series analysis KW - Southwest Pacific KW - video methods KW - statistical analysis KW - New South Wales Australia KW - longshore currents KW - South Pacific KW - Tasman Sea KW - ocean currents KW - West Pacific KW - Pacific Ocean KW - ocean waves KW - coastal environment KW - probability KW - Australia KW - storms KW - Sydney Australia KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51538945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Rip+spacing+and+persistence+on+an+embayed+beach&rft.au=Holman%2C+R+A%3BSymonds%2C+G%3BThornton%2C+E+B%3BRanasinghe%2C+R&rft.aulast=Holman&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=C1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2005JC002965 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australasia; Australia; coastal environment; currents; longshore currents; New South Wales Australia; ocean currents; ocean waves; Pacific Ocean; Palm Beach Australia; probability; South Pacific; Southwest Pacific; statistical analysis; storms; Sydney Australia; Tasman Sea; time series analysis; video methods; West Pacific DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005JC002965 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - It's a cultural thing: thoughts on a troubled CIA AN - 38228919; 3002506 AB - The CIA has recently been the subject of numerous presidential commissions and Congressional committees concerned either with the details of individual operations or with sweeping reforms in structure and organization. One of the repeated themes in these reports is that the Agency must change its 'culture.' This article identifies and offers possible remedies for cultural problems in the two directorates (the Directorate of Intelligence and the Directorate of Operations) and Agency-wide, and argues for enhanced accountability. All rights reserved, Elsevier JF - Orbis AU - Jones, Garrett AD - U.S. Army War College Y1 - 2006/01// PY - 2006 DA - Jan 2006 SP - 23 EP - 40 VL - 50 IS - 1 SN - 0030-4387, 0030-4387 KW - Political Science KW - International relations KW - Foreign policy KW - Intelligence services KW - Cultural influence KW - CIA KW - Defence policy KW - Accountability KW - Structural change KW - Organizational structure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/38228919?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Orbis&rft.atitle=It%27s+a+cultural+thing%3A+thoughts+on+a+troubled+CIA&rft.au=Jones%2C+Garrett&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Garrett&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Orbis&rft.issn=00304387&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 1907 6610 10484; 9028; 12321 6585 6590; 525 9705; 6610 10484; 3151 3178 3121 3198 3549 2688 2449 10404; 5200 5574 10472; 3349 5574 10472; 6784 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Managing new and remanufactured products AN - 38221398; 2994260 AB - We study a firm that makes new products in the first period and uses returned cores to offer remanufactured products, along with new products, in future periods. We introduce the monopoly environment in two-period and multiperiod scenarios to identify thresholds in remanufacturing operations. Next, we focus our attention on the duopoly environment where an independent operator (IO) may intercept cores of products made by the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) to sell remanufactured products in future periods. We characterize the production quantities associated with self-selection and explore the effect of various parameters in the Nash equilibrium. Among other results, we find that if remanufacturing is very profitable, the original-equipment manufacturer may forgo some of the first-period margin by lowering the price and selling additional units to increase the number of cores available for remanufacturing in future periods. Further, as the threat of competition increases, the OEM is more likely to completely utilize all available cores, offering the remanufactured products at a lower price. Reprinted by permission of the Institute for Operations Research and Management Science (INFORMS) JF - Management science AU - Ferrer, Geraldo AU - Swaminathan, Jayashankar M AD - Naval Postgraduate School ; University of North Carolina Y1 - 2006/01// PY - 2006 DA - Jan 2006 SP - 15 EP - 26 VL - 52 IS - 1 SN - 0025-1909, 0025-1909 KW - Economics KW - Pricing KW - Market theory KW - Imperfect competition KW - Market analysis KW - Duopoly KW - Manufacturing KW - Product management KW - Business economics KW - Mathematical methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/38221398?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Management+science&rft.atitle=Managing+new+and+remanufactured+products&rft.au=Ferrer%2C+Geraldo%3BSwaminathan%2C+Jayashankar+M&rft.aulast=Ferrer&rft.aufirst=Geraldo&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Management+science&rft.issn=00251909&rft_id=info:doi/10.1287%2Fmnsc.1050.0465 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 1852 1841 4025; 7737; 10236 7625; 7715 3883 971; 6239 2649; 3771; 7665 6431; 10119; 7821 10919 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1050.0465 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 'England does not love coalitions': does anything change? AN - 36596863; 3383131 JF - Israel yearbook on human rights AU - Garraway, Charles AD - US Naval War College Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 29 EP - 42 VL - 36 SN - 0333-5925, 0333-5925 KW - Political Science KW - Comparative analysis KW - International relations KW - International law KW - Conflict theory KW - Military theory KW - Coalitions KW - U.S.A. KW - United Kingdom KW - Superpowers KW - International politics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36596863?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Israel+yearbook+on+human+rights&rft.atitle=%27England+does+not+love+coalitions%27%3A+does+anything+change%3F&rft.au=Garraway%2C+Charles&rft.aulast=Garraway&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Israel+yearbook+on+human+rights&rft.issn=03335925&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 2425 5676; 6784; 6776 9809; 12397 5613 9754 9965; 2704 9798; 6743 7253; 2630 971; 8081 8050; 433 293 14; 438 462 129 302 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparison between the San Remo manual and the U.S. navy's commander's handbook AN - 36583245; 3383133 JF - Israel yearbook on human rights AU - Dalton, Jane AD - US Naval War College Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 71 EP - 87 VL - 36 SN - 0333-5925, 0333-5925 KW - Political Science KW - Comparative analysis KW - Human rights KW - War on terror KW - International humanitarian law KW - Conflict theory KW - Military theory KW - U.S.A. KW - Armed conflict KW - International security KW - Armed forces UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36583245?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Israel+yearbook+on+human+rights&rft.atitle=A+comparison+between+the+San+Remo+manual+and+the+U.S.+navy%27s+commander%27s+handbook&rft.au=Dalton%2C+Jane&rft.aulast=Dalton&rft.aufirst=Jane&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Israel+yearbook+on+human+rights&rft.issn=03335925&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6103 11032 9705; 8081 8050; 1259 2698; 1262 8050; 2630 971; 6735 6743 7253; 2704 9798; 13452 12686 13325; 6790 6784; 433 293 14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Running the blockade: information technology, terrorism, and the transformation of Islamic mass culture AN - 36579800; 3370933 AB - Arab media is no longer limited to state-sponsored sources, opening a door of opportunity to the Muslim world. Islamic terrorist groups leverage information technology to form resilient, networked organizations that influence how many Muslims perceive events and U.S. political goals. This article looks at the connection between information technology and cultural transformation in the Middle East. It focuses on how information technology-as the major weapon system in the battle of ideas-has been used effectively by Islamic extremists and less so by the U.S. Important conclusions are drawn regarding the necessity of culturally-attuned uses of information technology. Reprinted by permission of Frank Cass & Co. Ltd. JF - Terrorism and political violence AU - Bailey, Timothy D AU - Grimaila, Michael R AD - Air Force Institute of Technology Y1 - 2006/01// PY - 2006 DA - Jan 2006 SP - 523 EP - 543 VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 0954-6553, 0954-6553 KW - Political Science KW - Cultural interaction KW - Terrorism KW - Mass culture KW - Globalization KW - Cultural change KW - Information technology KW - U.S.A. KW - Religious fundamentalism KW - Middle East KW - Information society KW - Cultural values UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36579800?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Terrorism+and+political+violence&rft.atitle=Running+the+blockade%3A+information+technology%2C+terrorism%2C+and+the+transformation+of+Islamic+mass+culture&rft.au=Bailey%2C+Timothy+D%3BGrimaila%2C+Michael+R&rft.aulast=Bailey&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=523&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Terrorism+and+political+violence&rft.issn=09546553&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F09546550600880518 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 12686 13325; 7792 3198; 6538 6515 12622; 3154 3178 3121 3198 3549 2688 2449 10404; 3105 3198; 10804 5354 1547; 3196 13245 8281 6085; 5517 3893 3921 9653 11783; 6533 6515 11979; 433 293 14; 254 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09546550600880518 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Her Majesty's secret service AN - 36518152; 3319786 JF - National interest AU - Simon, Steven AU - Stevenson, Jonathan AD - Georgetown University ; US Naval War College Y1 - 2006/01// PY - 2006 DA - Jan 2006 SP - 48 EP - 54 VL - 82 SN - 0884-9382, 0884-9382 KW - Political Science KW - Law enforcement KW - Terrorism KW - Social exclusion KW - U.S.A. KW - Regional security KW - United Kingdom KW - Policy studies KW - International relations KW - Extremism KW - Intelligence services KW - War on terror KW - Defence policy KW - Muslims UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36518152?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+interest&rft.atitle=Her+Majesty%27s+secret+service&rft.au=Simon%2C+Steven%3BStevenson%2C+Jonathan&rft.aulast=Simon&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=&rft.spage=48&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=National+interest&rft.issn=08849382&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6610 10484; 10731; 13452 12686 13325; 8437 10767 618; 4703; 11835 11859 11856; 12686 13325; 7256; 3349 5574 10472; 6784; 9628; 433 293 14; 438 462 129 302 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Testing for purchasing power parity using stationary covariates AN - 36512897; 3305856 AB - Purchasing Power Parity is tested for in post-Bretton Woods real exchange rate data from 20 developed countries using univariate tests and covariate augmented versions of the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (CADF) and feasible point optimal (CPT) unit root tests. The covariates are a combination of stationary variables - inflation, monetary, income, and current account. A cross method comparison of the results is performed. Very strong evidence is found of PPP using the CPT test, rejecting the unit root null for 12 out of the 20 countries at the 5% significance level or better, and six more at the 10% level. Much less evidence is found of PPP with the CADF and univariate tests. Reprinted by permission of Routledge, Taylor and Francis Ltd. JF - Applied financial economics AU - Amara, J AU - Papell, D H AD - Naval Postgraduate School ; University of Houston Y1 - 2006/01// PY - 2006 DA - Jan 2006 SP - 29 EP - 40 VL - 16 IS - 1-2 SN - 0960-3107, 0960-3107 KW - Economics KW - National income KW - Current account KW - Time series KW - International finance KW - International monetary economics KW - Dickey-Fuller test KW - Econometrics KW - Purchasing power parity KW - Inflation rate KW - Exchange rates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36512897?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+financial+economics&rft.atitle=Testing+for+purchasing+power+parity+using+stationary+covariates&rft.au=Amara%2C+J%3BPapell%2C+D+H&rft.aulast=Amara&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+financial+economics&rft.issn=09603107&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F09603100500389374 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6757 8206 7585 4025 6725; 10508 10506 3980 9965; 4587; 6727 4908 6725 4025; 12759 12228 10919; 3865 4025; 3540 3865 4025; 6507; 3224 1470 1477 4930 6590 4908; 8509 6271 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09603100500389374 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Purchasing power parity and real exchange rates AN - 36498709; 3305906 JF - Applied financial economics AU - Taylor, M P AU - Frances, P H AU - Dijk, D AU - Amara, J AU - Papell, D H AU - Sager, M AU - Coakley, J AU - Snaith, S AU - Caporale, G M AU - Cerrato, M AU - Fischer, C AU - Villeneuve, J F AU - Handa, J AU - Lahtinen, M AU - Yotopoulos, P A AU - Sawada, Y AU - Sideris, D AU - Hasan, M S AU - Camarero, M AU - Cuestas, J C AU - Ordóñez, J AU - Kargbo, J M AU - Antonucci, D AU - Girardi, A AU - Sekioua, S H AU - Karanasos, M AD - University of Warwick ; Econometric Institute, The Netherlands ; Naval Postgraduate School ; University of Houston ; University of Essex ; Brunel University ; London Metropolitan University ; Deutsche Bundesbank ; McGill University ; University of Tampere ; University of Florence ; University of Tokyo ; University of Ioannina ; Sheffield Hallam University ; Universitat Jaume ; American Express Financial Advisors, Inc. ; Confederation of Italian Industries ; Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata ; Institut National de la Planification et de la Statistique Y1 - 2006/01// PY - 2006 DA - Jan 2006 SP - 1 EP - 211 VL - 16 IS - 1-2 SN - 0960-3107, 0960-3107 KW - Economics KW - Unit root KW - Empirical tests KW - National income KW - Model testing KW - International trade KW - Current account KW - Price level KW - Price theory KW - Time series KW - International monetary economics KW - Applied economics KW - Europe KW - Econometrics KW - Mediterranean Region KW - Gross domestic product KW - Purchasing power parity KW - Eastern Europe KW - Euro KW - Transition economies KW - Deutschmark KW - Convergence KW - Economic shock KW - Central Europe KW - International finance KW - Error correction models KW - Regression analysis KW - Australia KW - Regional economics KW - Non-linear models KW - Dickey-Fuller test KW - Simulation KW - U.S.A. KW - Inflation rate KW - Exchange rates KW - Methodology KW - Economic and Monetary Union KW - Canada KW - Consumer Price Index KW - Africa KW - Terms of trade KW - Dollar KW - Cross-national analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36498709?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+financial+economics&rft.atitle=Purchasing+power+parity+and+real+exchange+rates&rft.au=Taylor%2C+M+P%3BFrances%2C+P+H%3BDijk%2C+D%3BAmara%2C+J%3BPapell%2C+D+H%3BSager%2C+M%3BCoakley%2C+J%3BSnaith%2C+S%3BCaporale%2C+G+M%3BCerrato%2C+M%3BFischer%2C+C%3BVilleneuve%2C+J+F%3BHanda%2C+J%3BLahtinen%2C+M%3BYotopoulos%2C+P+A%3BSawada%2C+Y%3BSideris%2C+D%3BHasan%2C+M+S%3BCamarero%2C+M%3BCuestas%2C+J+C%3BOrd%C3%B3%C3%B1ez%2C+J%3BKargbo%2C+J+M%3BAntonucci%2C+D%3BGirardi%2C+A%3BSekioua%2C+S+H%3BKaranasos%2C+M&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+financial+economics&rft.issn=09603107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Collection of 16 articles N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6757 8206 7585 4025 6725; 10508 10506 3980 9965; 4587; 6727 4908 6725 4025; 1160 4025; 4202; 6802 12812 6725 4025; 8160 8163; 11670; 2775 10086; 12759 12228 10919; 3865 4025; 3540 3865 4025; 6507; 3224 1470 1477 4930 6590 4908; 8509 6271; 12676 12812; 4002 3980 9965; 4389 3864 8163; 10739 12228 10919; 3691 3217 8235; 3472 3217 8235; 7994; 10104; 4499 3217 8235; 8712 8163; 3060 971; 12920 3893 3921; 10090; 5627 8503 10242 3872 554 971; 3884 8234 3952 4525 8230; 2850; 10713 4025; 2; 119 129; 87 129; 129; 75 293 14; 433 293 14; 34 309; 247 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iron and pH Homeostasis Intersect at the Level of Fur Regulation in the Gastric Pathogen Helicobacter pylori AN - 20984141; 6576953 AB - Helicobacter pylori persistently colonizes the stomach of the majority of the world's population and is a tremendous medical burden due to its causal role in diverse gastric maladies. Since the stomach is a constantly changing environment, successful colonization of H. pylori within this niche requires regulation of bacterial gene expression to cope with the environmental fluctuations. In H. pylori, the ferric uptake regulator (Fur) has been shown to play an intricate role in adaptation of the bacterium to two conditions known to oscillate within the gastric mucosa: iron limitation and low pH. To extend our knowledge of the process of regulation and adaptation in H. pylori, we show that Fur is required for efficient colonization of the Mongolian gerbil: the mutant strain exhibits a 100-fold increase in the 50% infectious dose, as well as a 100-fold defect in competitive colonization, when coinfected with wild-type bacteria. Furthermore, we used DNA microarrays to identify genes whose expression was altered in a Fur-deficient strain. We show that the Fur regulon of H. pylori consists of approximately 30 genes, most of which have been previously annotated as acid stress associated. Finally, we investigate the role of Fur in acid-responsive modulation of gene expression and show that a large number of genes are aberrantly expressed in the Fur mutant specifically upon acid exposure. This fact likely explains the requirement for this regulator for growth and colonization in the stomach. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Gancz, Hanan AU - Censini, Stefano AU - Merrell, DScott AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, Maryland 20814. IRIS-Chiron Vaccines, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100, Siena, Italy Y1 - 2006/01// PY - 2006 DA - Jan 2006 SP - 602 EP - 614 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 74 IS - 1 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Helicobacter pylori KW - Meriones unguiculatus KW - Adaptations KW - Gastric mucosa KW - Niches KW - Homeostasis KW - Pathogens KW - DNA microarrays KW - Gene expression KW - Colonization KW - Growth KW - Iron KW - pH effects KW - Stomach KW - J 02841:Microflora KW - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20984141?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Iron+and+pH+Homeostasis+Intersect+at+the+Level+of+Fur+Regulation+in+the+Gastric+Pathogen+Helicobacter+pylori&rft.au=Gancz%2C+Hanan%3BCensini%2C+Stefano%3BMerrell%2C+DScott&rft.aulast=Gancz&rft.aufirst=Hanan&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=602&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gene expression; Colonization; Growth; Gastric mucosa; Adaptations; Niches; Pathogens; Homeostasis; DNA microarrays; pH effects; Iron; Stomach; Helicobacter pylori; Meriones unguiculatus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Novel Three-Dimensional Organoid Model for Evaluation of the Interaction of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli with Terminally Differentiated Human Urothelial Cells AN - 20983496; 6576972 AB - Human bladder 5637 cells cultivated under microgravity conditions formed organoids that displayed characteristics of in vivo tissue-specific differentiation. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strain CP9 colonized and penetrated the organoids and induced alpha -hemolysin-mediated exfoliation of uroepithelial cells. We propose these uro-organoids as models that simulate the interactions between UPEC and terminally differentiated human urothelium. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Smith, Yarery C AU - Grande, Kerian K AU - Rasmussen, Susan B AU - O'Brien, Alison D AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799 Y1 - 2006/01// PY - 2006 DA - Jan 2006 SP - 750 EP - 757 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 74 IS - 1 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Differentiation KW - Microgravity KW - Urinary bladder KW - Escherichia coli KW - Exfoliation KW - urothelium KW - Models KW - J 02855:Human Bacteriology: Others KW - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20983496?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Novel+Three-Dimensional+Organoid+Model+for+Evaluation+of+the+Interaction+of+Uropathogenic+Escherichia+coli+with+Terminally+Differentiated+Human+Urothelial+Cells&rft.au=Smith%2C+Yarery+C%3BGrande%2C+Kerian+K%3BRasmussen%2C+Susan+B%3BO%27Brien%2C+Alison+D&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Yarery&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=750&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Microgravity; Differentiation; Urinary bladder; Exfoliation; urothelium; Models; Escherichia coli ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contributions Toward a Bryoflora of Nevada: Bryophytes New for the Silver State, Part II AN - 20321049; 7313309 AB - Two hornworts, five liverworts, and 24 mosses are reported new for the state of Nevada. The phylum Anthocerotophyta as represented by the families Anthocerotaceae and Notothyladaceae, the liverwort families Antheliaceae, Cleveaceae, Fossombroniaceae, and Pseudolepicoleaceae, and the moss family Bruchiaceae are all new for the state. Genera new for Nevada include: Anthelia, Anthoceros, Athalamia, Blepharostoma, Bruchia, Codriophorus, Conostomum, Ditrichum, Fossombronia, Gemmabryum, Phaeoceros, Ptychostomum, and Rosulabryum. A new treatment of the widespread Bryum caespiticium Hedwig is adopted for North America, with the segregates Bryum badium (Bridel) W. P. Schimper and Bryum kunzei Hornschuch reported for the first time for North America. JF - Madrono AU - Spence, John R AU - Stark, Lloyd R AU - Shevock, James R AD - National Park Service, Glen Canyon National Recreation Area, P.O. Box 1507, Page, AZ 86040-1507; , john_spence@nps.gov Y1 - 2006///0, PY - 2006 DA - 0, 2006 SP - 400 EP - 403 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. PO Box 1897 Lawrence KS 66044 USA, [mailto:webmaster@allenpress.com] VL - 53 IS - 4 SN - 0024-9637, 0024-9637 KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Geographical distribution KW - Antheliaceae KW - Bryum KW - Fossombronia KW - Bryum caespiticium KW - Pseudolepicoleaceae KW - Aquatic plants KW - USA, Nevada KW - Bruchia KW - Community composition KW - Anthoceros KW - Anthocerotaceae KW - Silver KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08222:Geographical distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20321049?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Madrono&rft.atitle=Contributions+Toward+a+Bryoflora+of+Nevada%3A+Bryophytes+New+for+the+Silver+State%2C+Part+II&rft.au=Spence%2C+John+R%3BStark%2C+Lloyd+R%3BShevock%2C+James+R&rft.aulast=Spence&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=400&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Madrono&rft.issn=00249637&rft_id=info:doi/10.3120%2F0024-9637%282006%290532.0.CO%3B LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Geographical distribution; Community composition; Aquatic plants; Silver; Bryum; Antheliaceae; Fossombronia; Pseudolepicoleaceae; Bryum caespiticium; Anthoceros; Bruchia; Anthocerotaceae; USA, Nevada DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3120/0024-9637(2006)053[0400:CTABON]2.0.CO; ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of microbial contamination in United States Air Force aviation fuel tanks AN - 20130569; 6943740 AB - Bacteria and fungi, isolated from United States Air Force (USAF) aviation fuel samples, were identified by gas chromatograph fatty acid methyl ester (GC-FAME) profiling and 16S or 18S rRNA gene sequencing. Thirty-six samples from 11 geographically separated USAF bases were collected. At each base, an above-ground storage tank, a refueling truck, and an aircraft wing tank were sampled at the lowest sample point, or sump, to investigate microbial diversity and dispersion within the fuel distribution chain. Twelve genera, including four Bacillus species and two Staphylococcus species, were isolated and identified. Bacillus licheniformis, the most prevalent organism isolated, was found at seven of the 11 bases. Of the organisms identified, Bacillus sp., Micrococcus luteus, Sphinogmonas sp., Staphylococcus sp., and the fungus Aureobasidium pullulans have previously been isolated from aviation fuel samples. The bacteria Pantoea ananatis, Arthrobacter sp., Alcaligenes sp., Kocuria rhizophilia, Leucobacter komagatae, Dietza sp., and the fungus Discophaerina fagi have not been previously reported in USAF aviation fuel. Only at two bases were the same organisms isolated from all three sample points in the fuel supply distribution chain. Isolation of previously undocumented organisms suggests either, changes in aviation fuel microbial community in response to changes in aviation fuel composition, additives and biocide use, or simply, improvements in isolation and identification techniques. JF - Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology AU - Rauch, ME AU - Graef, H W AU - Rozenzhak, S M AU - Jones, SE AU - Bleckmann, CA AU - Kruger, R L AU - Naik, R R AU - Stone, MO AD - Department of Systems and Engineering Management, Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, 45433, USA, Charles.Bleckmann@afit.edu Y1 - 2006/01// PY - 2006 DA - Jan 2006 SP - 29 EP - 36 VL - 33 IS - 1 SN - 1367-5435, 1367-5435 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - rRNA 18S KW - Aureobasidium pullulans KW - pullulan KW - Contamination KW - Fuels KW - Fungi KW - Staphylococcus KW - Kocuria rhizophilia KW - Wings KW - Micrococcus luteus KW - Aircraft KW - Bacillus licheniformis KW - fatty acid methyl esters KW - Biocides KW - Arthrobacter KW - Bacillus KW - rRNA 16S KW - Alcaligenes KW - A 01061:General KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - W 30900:Methods KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20130569?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+%26+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+microbial+contamination+in+United+States+Air+Force+aviation+fuel+tanks&rft.au=Rauch%2C+ME%3BGraef%2C+H+W%3BRozenzhak%2C+S+M%3BJones%2C+SE%3BBleckmann%2C+CA%3BKruger%2C+R+L%3BNaik%2C+R+R%3BStone%2C+MO&rft.aulast=Rauch&rft.aufirst=ME&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+%26+Biotechnology&rft.issn=13675435&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10295-005-0023-x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - rRNA 18S; pullulan; Contamination; Aircraft; Fungi; Fuels; Wings; fatty acid methyl esters; Biocides; rRNA 16S; Aureobasidium pullulans; Bacillus licheniformis; Staphylococcus; Kocuria rhizophilia; Bacillus; Arthrobacter; Micrococcus luteus; Alcaligenes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10295-005-0023-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Serum proteomic signature for cystic fibrosis using an antibody microarray platform AN - 20085442; 6755635 AB - Antibody microarrays are a new proteomic technology, which we have developed as a platform for identifying a cystic fibrosis (CF)-specific serum proteomic signature. Serum samples from CF patients have been pooled and compared with equivalent pools of control sera in order to identify patterns of protein expression unique to CF. We find that the set of significantly differentially expressed proteins is enriched in protein mediators of inflammation from the NF[kappa]B signaling pathway, and in proteins that may be selectively expressed in CF-affected tissues such as lung and intestine. In several instances, we validate the data from the antibody microarrays by quantitative analysis with Reverse Capture Protein Microarrays. We conclude that antibody microarray technology is sensitive, quantitative, and robust, and can be useful as a proteomic platform to discriminate between sera from CF and control patients. JF - Molecular Genetics and Metabolism AU - Srivastava, Meera AU - Eidelman, Ofer AU - Jozwik, Catherine AU - Paweletz, Cloud AU - Huang, Wei AU - Zeitlin, Pamela L AU - Pollard, Harvey B AD - Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University School of Medicine, USUHS, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA, hpollard@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 303 EP - 310 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 87 IS - 4 SN - 1096-7192, 1096-7192 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Clinical proteomics KW - Cystic fibrosis KW - Antibody microarray KW - Reverse Capture Protein Microarray KW - Data processing KW - Lung KW - Protein arrays KW - Lung diseases KW - Intestine KW - antibody microarrays KW - proteomics KW - Signal transduction KW - NF- Kappa B protein KW - Inflammation KW - G 07433:Miscellaneous KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20085442?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Genetics+and+Metabolism&rft.atitle=Serum+proteomic+signature+for+cystic+fibrosis+using+an+antibody+microarray+platform&rft.au=Srivastava%2C+Meera%3BEidelman%2C+Ofer%3BJozwik%2C+Catherine%3BPaweletz%2C+Cloud%3BHuang%2C+Wei%3BZeitlin%2C+Pamela+L%3BPollard%2C+Harvey+B&rft.aulast=Srivastava&rft.aufirst=Meera&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Genetics+and+Metabolism&rft.issn=10967192&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ymgme.2005.10.021 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Lung; Protein arrays; Intestine; Lung diseases; antibody microarrays; proteomics; Cystic fibrosis; Inflammation; NF- Kappa B protein; Signal transduction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymgme.2005.10.021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Resilience Under Military Operational Stress: Can Leaders Influence Hardiness? AN - 19553497; 7263283 AB - Although many people suffer physical and mental health decrements following exposure to stress, many others show remarkable resilience, remaining healthy despite high stress levels. If the factors that account for resilience can be clearly identified and understood, perhaps resilience can be enhanced even for those most vulnerable to stress. One potential pathway to resilience is personality hardiness, a characteristic sense that life is meaningful, we choose our own futures, and change is interesting and valuable. This article applies this hardiness concept to the context of military operational stress, and argues that highly effective leaders can increase hardy, resilient responses to stressful circumstances within their units. I discuss the nature of stress in modern military operations, and briefly review relevant hardiness theory and research. Three sets of considerations lead to the proposition that hardy leaders can indeed increase hardy cognitions and behaviors in groups. These considerations concern (a) the likely underlying mechanisms of hardiness, which have to do with how experiences get interpreted and made sense of; (b) relevant theoretical positions on leader social influence, including transformational leadership and path-goal leader theory; and (c) several empirical studies that have shown indirect support for a hardy leader influence process. A case vignette is provided to illustrate how leaders might increase hardy cognitions, attitudes, and behaviors within their organizations during highly stressful operations. This potential for leaders to boost hardiness as a pathway to resiliency in groups under stress merits further active investigation. JF - Military Psychology AU - Bartone, P T AD - Industrial College of the Armed Forces, National Defense University, Ft. McNair, Washington, DC 20319-5062, USA, bartonep@ndu.edu Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - S131 EP - S148 VL - 18 SN - 0899-5605, 0899-5605 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - cognitive ability KW - Psychology KW - Reviews KW - Stress KW - Military KW - attitudes KW - Occupational health KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19553497?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Military+Psychology&rft.atitle=Resilience+Under+Military+Operational+Stress%3A+Can+Leaders+Influence+Hardiness%3F&rft.au=Bartone%2C+P+T&rft.aulast=Bartone&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=&rft.spage=S131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Military+Psychology&rft.issn=08995605&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cognitive ability; Psychology; Reviews; Stress; Military; attitudes; Occupational health ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Antibacterial activity of the soy isoflavone genistein AN - 19512734; 7230608 AB - Genistein, a radioprotective soy isoflavone and protein kinase inhibitor, blocks the invasion of pathogenic bacteria in mammalian epithelial cells. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the direct effect of genistein on the survival and growth of the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri and selected opportunistic bacteria in vitro as a prelude to in vivo use for managing postirradiation sepsis. We evaluated the opportunistic bacterial enteropathogens Escherichia coli, Shigella sonnei, and Staphylococcus aureus as well as Klebsiella pneumoniae and the non-pathogenic organism, Bacillus anthracis (Sterne). The latter two bacteria are found in the environment and may be of concern in irradiated individuals. A standard in vitro test was employed to evaluate the direct effect of genistein on the bacteria. This test involved determining bacterial colony forming unit (CFU) counts at a single concentration of genistein. In the CFU assays, significant reductions in CFUs were found for S. aureus and B. anthracis when cultured in the presence of 100 mu M genistein. However, L. reuteri, E. coli, S. sonnei, and K. pneumoniae were not altered by in vitro culturing in the presence of 100 mu M genistein. These results demonstrate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of genistein. Furthermore, the use of genistein in combination with probiotics may augment the effectiveness of antimicrobial therapies currently used in the management of infections, including those induced by ionizing irradiation. ( 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) JF - Journal of Basic Microbiology AU - Hong, Hyunki AU - Landauer, Michael R AU - Foriska, Mark A AU - Ledney, GDavid AD - Radiation Infection and Treatment Team, Scientific Research Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Building 42, Bethesda, MD 20889-5603, USA, ledney@afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 329 EP - 335 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK, [mailto:customer@wiley.co.uk], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 46 IS - 4 SN - 0233-111X, 0233-111X KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Epithelial cells KW - Antimicrobial activity KW - Antibacterial activity KW - probiotics KW - Bacillus anthracis KW - Infection KW - Soybeans KW - protein kinase inhibitors KW - Colonies KW - Sepsis KW - Lactobacillus reuteri KW - Shigella sonnei KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Escherichia coli KW - Isoflavone KW - Staphylococcus aureus KW - Genistein KW - Klebsiella pneumoniae KW - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials KW - J 02340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19512734?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Basic+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Antibacterial+activity+of+the+soy+isoflavone+genistein&rft.au=Hong%2C+Hyunki%3BLandauer%2C+Michael+R%3BForiska%2C+Mark+A%3BLedney%2C+GDavid&rft.aulast=Hong&rft.aufirst=Hyunki&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=329&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Basic+Microbiology&rft.issn=0233111X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjobm.200510073 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - protein kinase inhibitors; Epithelial cells; Sepsis; Colonies; Antimicrobial activity; Antibacterial activity; Colony-forming cells; Isoflavone; probiotics; Infection; Genistein; Soybeans; Lactobacillus reuteri; Shigella sonnei; Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus; Bacillus anthracis; Klebsiella pneumoniae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jobm.200510073 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pyro-Terrorism--The Threat of Arson-Induced Forest Fires as a Future Terrorist Weapon of Mass Destruction AN - 19482733; 7179200 AB - The United States is at significant risk of a future pyro-terrorist attack--when terrorists unleash the latent energy in the nation's forests to achieve the effect of a weapon of mass destruction--the threat, must be defined America's vulnerabilities understood, and action taken to mitigate this danger to the United States. JF - Studies in Conflict and Terrorism AU - Baird, R A AD - United States Marine Corps, School of Advanced Warfighting, Marine Corps University, 2076 South Street, Marine Corps Combat Development Command, Quantico, Virginia 22134-5068, USA, bairdra@i-mef.vsmc.mil Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 415 EP - 428 VL - 29 IS - 5 SN - 1057-610X, 1057-610X KW - Risk Abstracts KW - Fires KW - USA KW - terrorism KW - Forests KW - R2 23020:Technological risks UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19482733?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Studies+in+Conflict+and+Terrorism&rft.atitle=Pyro-Terrorism--The+Threat+of+Arson-Induced+Forest+Fires+as+a+Future+Terrorist+Weapon+of+Mass+Destruction&rft.au=Baird%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Baird&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=415&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Studies+in+Conflict+and+Terrorism&rft.issn=1057610X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F10576100600698477 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fires; terrorism; Forests; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10576100600698477 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Epidemic infectious gastrointestinal illness aboard U.S. Navy ships deployed to the Middle East during peacetime operations - 2000-2001 AN - 19446023; 6801663 AB - Infectious gastrointestinal illness (IGI) outbreaks have been reported in U.S. Navy ships and could potentially have an adverse mission impact. Studies to date have been anecdotal. We conducted a retrospective analysis of weekly reported disease and non-battle injury health data collected in 2000 - 2001 from 44 U.S. Navy ships while sailing in the 5 super(th )uFleet (Persian Gulf and nearby seas). During this period, 11 possible IGI outbreaks were identified. Overall, we found 3.3 outbreaks per 100 ship-weeks, a mean outbreak duration of 4.4 weeks, and a mean cumulative ship population attack rate of 3.6%. Morbidity, represented by days lost due to personnel being placed on sick-in-quarters status, was higher during outbreak weeks compared to non-outbreak weeks (p = 0.002). No clear seasonal distribution was identified. Explosive outbreaks due to viruses and bacteria with the potential of incapacitating large proportions of the crew raise serious concerns of mission impact and military readiness. JF - BMC Gastroenterology AU - Riddle, Mark S AU - Smoak, Bonnie L AU - Thornton, Scott A AU - Bresee, Joseph S AU - Faix, Dennis J AU - Putnam, Shannon D AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House 34-42 Cleveland Street London W1T 4LB UK, [mailto:info@biomedcentral.com], [URL:http://www.biomedcentral.com] VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1471-230X, 1471-230X KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Article No. 9 KW - Data processing KW - Epidemics KW - Injuries KW - Personnel KW - Navy KW - Morbidity KW - V 22490:Miscellaneous KW - J 02400:Human Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19446023?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Gastroenterology&rft.atitle=Epidemic+infectious+gastrointestinal+illness+aboard+U.S.+Navy+ships+deployed+to+the+Middle+East+during+peacetime+operations+-+2000-2001&rft.au=Riddle%2C+Mark+S%3BSmoak%2C+Bonnie+L%3BThornton%2C+Scott+A%3BBresee%2C+Joseph+S%3BFaix%2C+Dennis+J%3BPutnam%2C+Shannon+D&rft.aulast=Riddle&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Gastroenterology&rft.issn=1471230X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-230X-6-9 L2 - http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-230X/6/9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Epidemics; Data processing; Injuries; Personnel; Navy; Morbidity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-230X-6-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure-activity relationship of thiopyrimidines as mGluR5 antagonists AN - 19376459; 6721664 AB - Structure-activity relationship investigations of the thiopyrimidine (1), an HTS hit with micromolar activity as a metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) antagonist, led to compounds with sub-micromolar activity. JF - Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters AU - Hammerland, Lance G AU - Johansson, Martin AU - Malmstroem, Jonas AU - Mattsson, Jan P AU - Minidis, Alexander BE AU - Nilsson, Karolina AU - Peterson, Alecia AU - Wensbo, David AU - Waallberg, Andreas AU - Oesterlund, Krister AD - NPS-Pharmaceuticals, 383 Colorow Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA, andreas.wallberg@astrazeneca.com Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 2467 EP - 2469 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 16 IS - 9 SN - 0960-894X, 0960-894X KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Thiopyrimidine KW - Metabotropic glutamate receptor KW - mGluR5 KW - Glutamic acid receptors (metabotropic) KW - Structure-activity relationships KW - Antagonists KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19376459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioorganic+and+Medicinal+Chemistry+Letters&rft.atitle=Structure-activity+relationship+of+thiopyrimidines+as+mGluR5+antagonists&rft.au=Hammerland%2C+Lance+G%3BJohansson%2C+Martin%3BMalmstroem%2C+Jonas%3BMattsson%2C+Jan+P%3BMinidis%2C+Alexander+BE%3BNilsson%2C+Karolina%3BPeterson%2C+Alecia%3BWensbo%2C+David%3BWaallberg%2C+Andreas%3BOesterlund%2C+Krister&rft.aulast=Hammerland&rft.aufirst=Lance&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2467&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioorganic+and+Medicinal+Chemistry+Letters&rft.issn=0960894X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.bmcl.2006.01.100 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Glutamic acid receptors (metabotropic); Structure-activity relationships; Antagonists DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.01.100 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a hybrid Shiga holotoxoid vaccine to elicit heterologous protection against Shiga toxins types 1 and 2 AN - 17173430; 6836219 AB - The hemolytic uremic syndrome is a life-threatening sequela that occurs after infection with Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) or Shigella dysenteriae type 1, and Stx is responsible for initiating this syndrome. An STEC isolate can express Stx1, Stx2, or both, but antisera to Stx1 and Stx2 are not cross-neutralizing. To produce a single vaccine candidate against both toxins, we created a genetic toxoid that contained the enzymatically-inactivated StxA2 subunit and the native StxB1 subunit. We found that mice immunized with this hybrid holotoxoid, developed neutralizing anti- Stx1 and anti-Stx2 antibodies and survived challenge with 10 lethal doses of either or both toxins. JF - Vaccine AU - Smith, Michael J AU - Teel, Louise D AU - Carvalho, Humberto M AU - Melton-Celsa, Angela R AU - O'Brien, Alison D AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Room B4052, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814- 4799, USA, aobrien@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 4122 EP - 4129 PB - Butterworth-Heinemann, 313 Washington St. Newton MA 02158 USA VL - 24 IS - 19 SN - 0264-410X, 0264-410X KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - Shiga toxin KW - Toxoids KW - Antibodies KW - Antisera KW - Hemolytic uremic syndrome KW - Escherichia coli KW - Vaccines KW - Infection KW - Shigella dysenteriae KW - Lethal dose KW - J 02834:Vaccination and immunization KW - X 24310:Pharmaceuticals KW - F 06100:Vaccines - active immunity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17173430?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vaccine&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+hybrid+Shiga+holotoxoid+vaccine+to+elicit+heterologous+protection+against+Shiga+toxins+types+1+and+2&rft.au=Smith%2C+Michael+J%3BTeel%2C+Louise+D%3BCarvalho%2C+Humberto+M%3BMelton-Celsa%2C+Angela+R%3BO%27Brien%2C+Alison+D&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=4122&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vaccine&rft.issn=0264410X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.vaccine.2006.02.035 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antisera; Antibodies; Hemolytic uremic syndrome; Toxoids; Vaccines; Infection; Shiga toxin; Lethal dose; Escherichia coli; Shigella dysenteriae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.02.035 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fatal motor vehicle crashes among veterans of the 1991 Gulf War and exposure to munitions demolitions at Khamisiyah: A nested case-control study AN - 17170158; 6821734 AB - Background: A proposed explanation for the observed higher risk of fatal motor vehicle crashes (MVC) among 1991 Gulf War-deployed veterans is neurocognitive deficits resulting from nerve agent exposure at Khamisiyah, Iraq. Our objective was to assess any association between postwar fatal MVC and possible nerve agent exposure based on 2000 modeled plume data. Methods: Cases were defined as MVC deaths with a record in the Department of Transportation Fatality Analysis Reporting System through 1995. Cases (n = 282) and controls (n = 3,131) were derived from a larger nested case-control study of Gulf War-era veterans and limited to Army, male, deployed personnel. Exposure and cumulative dose by case-control status were analyzed using multivariate techniques. Results: Exposure status was not associated with fatal MVC (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.72-1.26), nor were tertiles of cumulative dose. Conclusions: Findings do not support an association between possible exposures at Khamisiyah and postwar fatal MVC among Gulf War veterans. Am. J. Ind. Med. 49:261-270, 2006. Published 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - American Journal of Industrial Medicine AU - Gackstetter, Gary D AU - Hooper, Tomoko I AU - DeBakey, Samar F AU - Johnson, Amy AU - Nagaraj, Barbara E AU - Heller, Jack M AU - Kang, Han K AD - Center for Force Health Protection Studies, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, thooper@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 261 EP - 270 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 49 IS - 4 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - Gulf War veterans KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Gulf War KW - military KW - veteran KW - case-control KW - motor vehicle KW - accident KW - nerve agent KW - environmental exposure KW - Khamisiyah KW - Chemical weapons KW - Mortality KW - Accidents KW - Cognitive ability KW - Motor vehicles KW - Military KW - Occupational exposure KW - R2 23020:Technological risks KW - H 2000:Transportation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17170158?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.atitle=Fatal+motor+vehicle+crashes+among+veterans+of+the+1991+Gulf+War+and+exposure+to+munitions+demolitions+at+Khamisiyah%3A+A+nested+case-control+study&rft.au=Gackstetter%2C+Gary+D%3BHooper%2C+Tomoko+I%3BDeBakey%2C+Samar+F%3BJohnson%2C+Amy%3BNagaraj%2C+Barbara+E%3BHeller%2C+Jack+M%3BKang%2C+Han+K&rft.aulast=Gackstetter&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fajim.20280 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemical weapons; Mortality; Accidents; Cognitive ability; Motor vehicles; Military; Occupational exposure DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.20280 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Treatment of uranium-contaminated waters using organic-based permeable reactive barriers AN - 17147622; 6801768 AB - A literature review and screening study suggest the feasibility of using low-cost organic materials within a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) to treat uranium-contaminated water. Natural peat deposits remove and sequester uranium from ground water under certain geochemical conditions while several species of bacteria, including Desulfovibrio desulfuricans precipitate soluble uranium from solution. Cation exchange capacities were measured for saw-dust and peat, materials to be used in construction of a small-scale PRB. Re-sults of a literature review and the cation exchange capacity measurements suggest that organic materials, such as peat, can be used to remove soluble uranium from contaminated water. JF - Federal Facilities Environmental Journal AU - England, Ellen C AD - Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 19 EP - 35 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 17 IS - 1 SN - 1048-4078, 1048-4078 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Feasibility studies KW - Pollutant removal KW - Geochemistry KW - Decontamination KW - Desulfovibrio desulfuricans KW - Peat KW - Cations KW - Water treatment KW - Reviews KW - Uranium KW - Radioisotopes KW - Groundwater pollution KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17147622?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Federal+Facilities+Environmental+Journal&rft.atitle=Treatment+of+uranium-contaminated+waters+using+organic-based+permeable+reactive+barriers&rft.au=England%2C+Ellen+C&rft.aulast=England&rft.aufirst=Ellen&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Federal+Facilities+Environmental+Journal&rft.issn=10484078&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fffej.20078 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Feasibility studies; Pollutant removal; Water treatment; Cations; Uranium; Reviews; Geochemistry; Radioisotopes; Decontamination; Groundwater pollution; Peat; Desulfovibrio desulfuricans DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ffej.20078 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Understanding the effect of deployment on the risk of fatal motor vehicle crashes: A nested case-control study of fatalities in Gulf War era veterans, 1991-1995 AN - 17114093; 6740487 AB - Motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) are an important cause of morbidity and premature loss of life among military personnel during peacetime and particularly following combat. A nested case-control study of fatal MVC occurring between 1991 and 1995 was conducted in a cohort of Gulf War era veterans. Cases were validated MVC deaths in the Fatality Analysis Reporting System. Controls were selected using risk set sampling by gender and year of case ascertainment in a 10:1 ratio. Preliminary results, consistent with previous reports of increased fatal MVC risk among returning combat veterans, showed a crude odds ratio of 1.45 (95% confidence interval 1.27-1.65). Multivariable logistic regression modeling was used to identify important independent predictors, as well as to quantify the influence of deployment on a risk profile for fatal MVC. Because of significant interaction between deployment and inpatient diagnosis of substance abuse, the final model was stratified by deployment status. Results suggest that demographic, military, and behavioral characteristics of deployed healthy warriors are similar to the risk profile for fatal MVC. In addition to young, single, high school-educated, enlisted male personnel, those who served during times of ground combat, particularly in infantry, gun crews, or seamanship occupations, should be targeted for preventive interventions. JF - Accident Analysis & Prevention AU - Hooper, Tomoko I AU - DeBakey, Samar F AU - Bellis, Kimberly S AU - Kang, Han K AU - Cowan, David N AU - Lincoln, Andrew E AU - Gackstetter, Gary D AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814- 4799, USA, thooper@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 518 EP - 525 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., Pergamon, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 38 IS - 3 SN - 0001-4575, 0001-4575 KW - Gulf War veterans KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Motor vehicle KW - Accident KW - Gulf War KW - Military KW - Mortality KW - Case-control KW - substance abuse KW - Accidents KW - Motor vehicles KW - Gender KW - prevention KW - Morbidity KW - H 11000:Diseases/Injuries/Trauma KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17114093?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Accident+Analysis+%26+Prevention&rft.atitle=Understanding+the+effect+of+deployment+on+the+risk+of+fatal+motor+vehicle+crashes%3A+A+nested+case-control+study+of+fatalities+in+Gulf+War+era+veterans%2C+1991-1995&rft.au=Hooper%2C+Tomoko+I%3BDeBakey%2C+Samar+F%3BBellis%2C+Kimberly+S%3BKang%2C+Han+K%3BCowan%2C+David+N%3BLincoln%2C+Andrew+E%3BGackstetter%2C+Gary+D&rft.aulast=Hooper&rft.aufirst=Tomoko&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=518&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Accident+Analysis+%26+Prevention&rft.issn=00014575&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.aap.2005.11.009 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - substance abuse; Mortality; Accidents; Motor vehicles; Gender; prevention; Military; Morbidity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2005.11.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cancer incidence among pesticide applicators exposed to metolachlor in the Agricultural Health Study AN - 17106507; 6736180 AB - Metolachlor is one of the most widely used herbicides in the United States. We evaluated the incidence of cancer among pesticide applicators exposed to metolachlor in the Agricultural Health Study, a prospective cohort study of licensed pesticide applicators in Iowa and North Carolina. A total of 50,193 pesticide applicators were included. Detailed information on pesticide exposure and lifestyle factors was obtained from self-administered enrollment questionnaires completed between 1993 and 1997; average length of follow-up was 7.33 years. Two metolachlor exposure metrics were used : (i) lifetime days personally mixed or applied metolachlor and (ii) intensity-weighted lifetime days (lifetime days X an intensity level). Poisson regression analysis was used to estimate relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for cancer subtypes by tertiles of metolachlor exposure. No clear risk for any cancer subtype was found for exposure to metolachlor. A significantly decreased RR was found for prostate cancer in the highest category of lifetime days exposure (RR = 0.59; 95%CI, 0.39-0.89) and in the second highest category of intensity- weighted lifetime days exposure (RR = 0.66; 95%CI, 0.45-0.97); however, the test for trend was not significant for either exposure metric. A nonsignificantly increased risk was found for lung cancer with lifetime days exposure in the highest category (RR = 2.37; 95%CI, 0.97-5.82, p-trend = 0.03) but not with intensity-weighted lifetime days. Given the widespread use of metolachlor and the frequent detection of metolachlor in both surface and ground water, future analyses of the AHS will allow further examination of long-term health effects, including lung cancer and the less common cancers. JF - International Journal of Cancer AU - Rusiecki, Jennifer A AU - Hou, Lifang AU - Lee, Won Jin AU - Blair, Aaron AU - Dosemeci, Mustafa AU - Lubin, Jay H AU - Bonner, Matthew AU - Samanic, Claudine AU - Hoppin, Jane A AU - Sandler, Dale P AU - Alavanja, Michael CR AD - Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD, USA, usiecki@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 3118 EP - 3123 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 118 IS - 12 SN - 0020-7136, 0020-7136 KW - Risk Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - metolachlor cancer pesticides herbicides applicators KW - Metolachlor KW - Risk assessment KW - Agriculture KW - USA, North Carolina KW - Herbicides KW - Agrochemicals KW - Prostate cancer KW - USA, Iowa KW - Pesticides KW - Regression analysis KW - Ground water KW - Groundwater KW - Occupational exposure KW - Lung cancer KW - R2 23080:Industrial and labor KW - X 24134:Pathology KW - H 5000:Pesticides UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17106507?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Cancer&rft.atitle=Cancer+incidence+among+pesticide+applicators+exposed+to+metolachlor+in+the+Agricultural+Health+Study&rft.au=Rusiecki%2C+Jennifer+A%3BHou%2C+Lifang%3BLee%2C+Won+Jin%3BBlair%2C+Aaron%3BDosemeci%2C+Mustafa%3BLubin%2C+Jay+H%3BBonner%2C+Matthew%3BSamanic%2C+Claudine%3BHoppin%2C+Jane+A%3BSandler%2C+Dale+P%3BAlavanja%2C+Michael+CR&rft.aulast=Rusiecki&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=118&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3118&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Cancer&rft.issn=00207136&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fijc.21758 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Risk assessment; Metolachlor; Prostate cancer; Pesticides; Ground water; Regression analysis; Herbicides; Occupational exposure; Lung cancer; Groundwater; Agrochemicals; USA, North Carolina; USA, Iowa DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.21758 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic toxoids of Shiga toxin types 1 and 2 protect mice against homologous but not heterologous toxin challenge AN - 17079213; 6704494 AB - Shiga toxin type 1 (Stx1) and type 2 (Stx2) are produced by Escherichia coli O157:H7 and are responsible for the life-threatening sequela, the hemolytic uremic syndrome. Whether antisera to Stx1 or Stx2 are cross- neutralizing remains controversial, so we constructed genetic toxoids of Stx1 and Stx2 and evaluated them as vaccines. Antisera from mice immunized with a single toxoid type recognized and neutralized the homologous toxin but not the heterologous toxin. Furthermore, only mice immunized with Stx1 and Stx2 toxoids were protected against a lethal challenge of both toxins. We conclude that Stx1 and Stx2 are distinct antigens for mice. JF - Vaccine AU - Wen, Sharon X AU - Teel, Louise D AU - Judge, Nicole A AU - O'Brien, Alison D AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, B4052, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA, aobrien@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 1142 EP - 1148 PB - Butterworth-Heinemann, 313 Washington St. Newton MA 02158 USA VL - 24 IS - 8 SN - 0264-410X, 0264-410X KW - Stx1 protein KW - Stx2 protein KW - mice KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - Shiga KW - Toxoid KW - Cross-neutralize KW - Antisera KW - Hemolytic uremic syndrome KW - Escherichia coli KW - Toxoids KW - Vaccines KW - Shiga toxin KW - J 02834:Vaccination and immunization KW - X 24310:Pharmaceuticals KW - F 06100:Vaccines - active immunity KW - G 07770:Bacteria KW - J 02823:In vitro and in vivo effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17079213?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vaccine&rft.atitle=Genetic+toxoids+of+Shiga+toxin+types+1+and+2+protect+mice+against+homologous+but+not+heterologous+toxin+challenge&rft.au=Wen%2C+Sharon+X%3BTeel%2C+Louise+D%3BJudge%2C+Nicole+A%3BO%27Brien%2C+Alison+D&rft.aulast=Wen&rft.aufirst=Sharon&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1142&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vaccine&rft.issn=0264410X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.vaccine.2005.08.094 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antisera; Hemolytic uremic syndrome; Vaccines; Toxoids; Shiga toxin; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.08.094 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A. Q. Khan's Nuclear Hubris AN - 1221411333; 201232457 AB - From 1976 to 2004, Dr Abdul Qadeer Khan was at the center of the global nuclear black market. He was not the first to benefit from the illicit trade in destructive technologies, but he accelerated the consolidation of this marketplace. Perhaps an Indian magazine was more correct than it could have known when it described Khan as a cross between Dr Strangelove and "an Islamic James Bond". Khan had been enmeshed in the European nuclear scene during the 1960s and 1970s. Khan was not selling nuclear weapons. None of his clients has successfully constructed nuclear explosives based on his assistance. What Khan did was to shorten timelines, perhaps dramatically. This article has highlighted a number of policy challenges that will confront decisionmakers for some time. It has largely ignored the issue of Pakistani state complicity because of the complexity of that issue. Adapted from the source document. JF - Global Dialogue AU - Clary, Christopher AD - Center for Contemporary Conflict, US Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California Y1 - 2006/01// PY - 2006 DA - January 2006 PB - Centre for World Dialogue, Nicosia Cyprus VL - 8 IS - 1-2 SN - 1450-0590, 1450-0590 KW - Clients KW - Trade KW - Islam KW - Black Market KW - Europe KW - Magazines KW - Nuclear Weapons KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1221411333?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Dialogue&rft.atitle=A.+Q.+Khan%27s+Nuclear+Hubris&rft.au=Clary%2C+Christopher&rft.aulast=Clary&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Dialogue&rft.issn=14500590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2012-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Europe; Magazines; Trade; Black Market; Islam; Clients; Nuclear Weapons ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of flexure on aerodynamic propulsive efficiency of flapping flexible airfoil AN - 1082183535; 6821483 AB - The aim of present study is to investigate the effect of chord-wise flexure amplitude on unsteady aerodynamic characteristics for a flapping airfoil with various combinations of Reynolds number and reduced frequency. Unsteady, viscous flows over a single flexible airfoil in plunge motion are computed using conformal hybrid meshes. The dynamic mesh technique is applied to illustrate the deformation modes of the flexible flapping airfoil. In order to investigate the influence of the flexure amplitude on the aerodynamic performance of the flapping airfoil, the present study considers eight different flexure amplitudes (a sub(0)) ranging from 0 to 0.7 in intervals of 0.1 under conditions of Re=10 super(4), reduced frequency k=2, and dimensionless plunge amplitude h sub(0)=0.4. The computed unsteady flow fields clearly reveal the formation and evolution of a pair of leading edge vortices along the body of the flexible airfoil as it undergoes plunge motion. Thrust-indicative wake structures are generated when the flexure amplitude of the airfoil is less than 0.5 of the chord length. An enhancement in the propulsive efficiency is observed for a flapping airfoil with flexure amplitude of 0.3 of the chord length. This study also calculates the propulsive efficiency and thrust under various Reynolds numbers and reduced frequency conditions. The results indicate that the propulsive efficiency has a strong correlation with the reduced frequency. It is found that the flow conditions which yield the highest propulsive efficiency correspond to Strouhal number St of 0.255. JF - Journal of Fluids and Structures AU - Miao, J-M AU - Ho, M-H AD - Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chung Cheng Institute of Technology, National Defense University, Taiwan 355, ROC, jmmiao@ccit.edu.tw Y1 - 2006 PY - 2006 DA - 2006 SP - 401 EP - 419 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0889-9746, 0889-9746 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Vortices KW - Reynolds Number KW - Yield KW - Viscous Flow KW - Aerodynamics KW - Hybrids KW - Unsteady Flow KW - Reynolds number KW - Unsteady flow KW - Evolution KW - Deformation KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - Q2 09183:Physics and chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1082183535?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Fluids+and+Structures&rft.atitle=Effect+of+flexure+on+aerodynamic+propulsive+efficiency+of+flapping+flexible+airfoil&rft.au=Miao%2C+J-M%3BHo%2C+M-H&rft.aulast=Miao&rft.aufirst=J-M&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=401&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Fluids+and+Structures&rft.issn=08899746&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jfluidstructs.2005.11.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vortices; Hybrids; Aerodynamics; Reynolds number; Unsteady flow; Deformation; Yield; Viscous Flow; Reynolds Number; Unsteady Flow; Evolution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2005.11.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Groundwater control of mangrove surface elevation: Shrink and swell varies with soil depth AN - 968176248; 16466704 AB - We measured monthly soil surface elevation change and determined its relationship to groundwater changes at a mangrove forest site along Shark River, Everglades National Park, Florida. We combined the use of an original design, surface elevation table with new rod-surface elevation tables to separately track changes in the mid zone (0-4 m), the shallow root zone (0-0.35 m), and the full sediment profile (0-6 m) in response to site hydrology (daily river stage and daily groundwater piezometric pressure). We calculated expansion and contraction for each of the four constituent soil zones (surface [accretion and erosion; above 0 m], shallow zone [0-0.35 m], middle zone [0.35-4 m], and bottom zone [4-6]) that comprise the entire soil column. Changes in groundwater pressure correlated strongly, with changes in soil elevation for the entire profile (Adjusted R super(2) = 0.90); this relationship was not proportional to the depth of the soil profile sampled. The change in thickness of the bottom soil zone accounted for the majority (R super(2) = 0.63) of the entire soil profile expansion and contraction. The influence of hydrology on specific soil zones and absolute elevation change must be considered when evaluating the effect of disturbances, sea level rise, and water management decisions on coastal wetland systems. JF - Estuaries AU - Whelan, Kevin RT AU - Smith, Thomas J AU - Cahoon, Donald R AU - Lynch, James C AU - Anderson, Gordon H AD - Department of Biological Sciences, U.S. Geological Survey, Florida Integrated Science Center, c/o Florida International University, Owa Ehan. 167, University Park, 11200 SW 8 Street, 33199, Miami, Florida, Kevin_R_Whelan@nps.gov Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 833 EP - 843 PB - Estuarine Research Federation, 490 Chippingwood Dr. Port Republic MD 20676-2140 United States VL - 28 IS - 6 SN - 0160-8347, 0160-8347 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Sea level rise KW - USA, Florida, Everglades Natl. Park, Shark R. KW - Freshwater KW - Expansion KW - Soils KW - Environmental effects KW - Hydrology KW - Wetlands KW - Soil Profile KW - Rivers KW - Marine KW - River stages KW - Estuaries KW - River discharge KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Swell KW - Erosion KW - Surface-groundwater Relations KW - Profiles KW - Water management KW - Elevation KW - Groundwater KW - Mangrove Swamps KW - ASW, USA, Florida, Everglades Natl. Park KW - Sea level changes KW - O 5080:Legal/Governmental KW - M2 556.18:Water Management (556.18) KW - SW 4020:Evaluation process KW - Q1 08485:Species interactions: pests and control KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/968176248?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries&rft.atitle=Groundwater+control+of+mangrove+surface+elevation%3A+Shrink+and+swell+varies+with+soil+depth&rft.au=Whelan%2C+Kevin+RT%3BSmith%2C+Thomas+J%3BCahoon%2C+Donald+R%3BLynch%2C+James+C%3BAnderson%2C+Gordon+H&rft.aulast=Whelan&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=833&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries&rft.issn=01608347&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2FBF02696013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water management; Soils; River discharge; Environmental effects; Hydrology; Wetlands; Ecosystem disturbance; Swell; Sea level changes; Erosion; Estuaries; River stages; Sea level rise; Rivers; Surface-groundwater Relations; Profiles; Elevation; Expansion; Groundwater; Mangrove Swamps; Soil Profile; USA, Florida, Everglades Natl. Park, Shark R.; ASW, USA, Florida, Everglades Natl. Park; Marine; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02696013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Why has the Middle East been so slow to globalize? AN - 905211302; 4250281 AB - Over the last several decades, the economic performance of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) has lagged behind many other parts of the world. While a number of factors have been cited as the cause of the region's malaise, the lack of globalization is increasingly mentioned as a possible source of difficulty. Focusing on the factors responsible for increased levels of globalization, it appears that internal policy reforms rather than external constraints are primarily responsible for the relative integration of the MENA countries into the world economy. Of the areas of policy under the direct control of MENA governments, improvements in several categories of governance, rather than further economic reforms, appear most effective in the attainment of increased levels of globalization. Reprinted by permission of Berkeley Electronic Press JF - Review of Middle East economics and finance AU - Looney, Robert AD - Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 1475-3685, 1475-3685 KW - Economics KW - Economic integration KW - North Africa KW - World economy KW - Economic performance KW - Globalization KW - Policy making KW - Governance KW - Middle East UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/905211302?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Review+of+Middle+East+economics+and+finance&rft.atitle=Why+has+the+Middle+East+been+so+slow+to+globalize%3F&rft.au=Looney%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Looney&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Review+of+Middle+East+economics+and+finance&rft.issn=14753685&rft_id=info:doi/10.2202%2F1475-3693.1042 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Online only N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5517 3893 3921 9653 11783; 3952; 3974 9390; 13746 4025; 5549; 9625 9628; 254; 292 2 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1475-3693.1042 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A numerical model of seasonal primary production within the Chukchi/Beaufort Seas AN - 855196791; 2011-024880 AB - A coupled three-dimensional circulation and ecological model provided numerical analysis of daily carbon/nitrogen cycling by the planktonic and benthic components of western Arctic shelf/basin ecosystems during 2002, when extensive field data were obtained by American and Canadian ice-breakers. Seasonal model budgets of April-May, July-August, and September-October 2002 allowed both interpolation and extrapolation of these validation data, suggesting that the most productive shelf regime of the Chukchi/Beaufort Seas was that of summer. Yet, during this period of July-August, a combination of light-limitation and nutrient-limitation limited shelf-wide mean simulated net photosynthesis to only approximately 709 mg C m (super -2) day (super -1) for shelf waters of <220 m depth. This modeled seasonal carbon fixation then accounted for approximately 45% of the annual shelf primary production of 97.4 g C m (super -2) yr (super -1) Identification of the relative importance of natural control factors of light and nutrients by the coupled model provided insight into possible consequences of future global climatic changes at these high latitudes. The model's seasonal penetration of relatively saline, nutrient-rich Anadyr Water of Pacific origin into the eastern Chukchi Sea replicated the time series of observed salinity fields. A similar fidelity of the simulated nitrate, silicate and dissolved inorganic carbon fields with the observed ones yielded an assessment of nutrient uptake and photosynthesis during a natural fertilization experiment. The simulated chlorophyll, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and NH (sub 4) stocks also mimicked these shipboard observations. We found that the spring 2002 stocks of new nutrients were stripped by the end of summer, with little fall nutrient resupply by physical and biotic factors, when incident light waned. However, because of extensive ice cover and nutrient-poor upper waters within the Canadian Basin, the slope regions remained oligotrophic throughout the year, yielding a simulated annual net photosynthesis of approximately 50 g C m (super -2) yr (super -1) . We conclude that future ice cover retreat, without eutrophication, may have little impact on increased carbon sequestration within these high-latitude ecosystems. JF - Deep-Sea Research. Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography AU - Walsh, John J AU - Dieterle, Dwight A AU - Maslowski, Wieslaw AU - Grebmeier, Jacqueline M AU - Whitledge, Terry E AU - Flint, Mikhail AU - Sukhanova, Irina N AU - Bates, Nicholas R AU - Cota, Glenn F AU - Stockwell, Dean AU - Moran, S B AU - Hansell, Dennis A AU - McRoy, C Peter Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - December 2005 SP - 3541 EP - 3576 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 52 IS - 24-26 SN - 0967-0645, 0967-0645 KW - phytoplankton KW - sea ice KW - data processing KW - salinity KW - plankton KW - nitrogen KW - ice KW - carbon KW - digital simulation KW - Arctic Ocean KW - ecology KW - organic carbon KW - Beaufort Sea KW - productivity KW - ocean circulation KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - solutes KW - geochemical cycle KW - nutrients KW - nitrogen cycle KW - Chukchi Sea KW - seasonal variations KW - carbon cycle KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855196791?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deep-Sea+Research.+Part+II%3A+Topical+Studies+in+Oceanography&rft.atitle=A+numerical+model+of+seasonal+primary+production+within+the+Chukchi%2FBeaufort+Seas&rft.au=Walsh%2C+John+J%3BDieterle%2C+Dwight+A%3BMaslowski%2C+Wieslaw%3BGrebmeier%2C+Jacqueline+M%3BWhitledge%2C+Terry+E%3BFlint%2C+Mikhail%3BSukhanova%2C+Irina+N%3BBates%2C+Nicholas+R%3BCota%2C+Glenn+F%3BStockwell%2C+Dean%3BMoran%2C+S+B%3BHansell%2C+Dennis+A%3BMcRoy%2C+C+Peter&rft.aulast=Walsh&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=24-26&rft.spage=3541&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Deep-Sea+Research.+Part+II%3A+Topical+Studies+in+Oceanography&rft.issn=09670645&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.dsr2.2005.09.009 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09670645 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 80 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arctic Ocean; Beaufort Sea; carbon; carbon cycle; Chukchi Sea; data processing; digital simulation; ecology; geochemical cycle; ice; nitrogen; nitrogen cycle; numerical models; nutrients; ocean circulation; organic carbon; phytoplankton; plankton; productivity; salinity; sea ice; seasonal variations; solutes; three-dimensional models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2005.09.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A novel high-throughput screening system to evaluate the behavioral response of adult mosquitoes to chemicals. AN - 70136720; 16506566 AB - A modular and novel assay system for rapid mass screening of chemical compounds for contact irritant and spatial repellent actions against adult mosquitoes is described. The responses of Aedes aegypti to various concentrations of 3 topical repellents, deet, Bayrepel, and SS220, were evaluated. At treatment concentrations > or = 25 nmol/cm2 of SS220, mosquitoes exhibited significant contact irritant (escape) and spatial repellent (movement away from the chemical source) responses, whereas, a 10-fold increase in the treatment concentration of deet and Bayrepel was required to produce similar responses. The novel bioassay system detected contact irritancy and spatial repellency activity with reproducible results and provided baseline data for determining minimum effective concentrations for other chemicals. The system is compact in size, easy to decontaminate, and requires only a minute quantity of chemical compound. JF - Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association AU - Grieco, John P AU - Achee, Nicole L AU - Sardelis, Michael R AU - Chauhan, Kamlesh R AU - Roberts, Donald R AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA. Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - December 2005 SP - 404 EP - 411 VL - 21 IS - 4 SN - 8756-971X, 8756-971X KW - Insect Repellents KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Aedes KW - Biological Assay -- instrumentation KW - Culicidae UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70136720?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Mosquito+Control+Association&rft.atitle=A+novel+high-throughput+screening+system+to+evaluate+the+behavioral+response+of+adult+mosquitoes+to+chemicals.&rft.au=Grieco%2C+John+P%3BAchee%2C+Nicole+L%3BSardelis%2C+Michael+R%3BChauhan%2C+Kamlesh+R%3BRoberts%2C+Donald+R&rft.aulast=Grieco&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=404&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Mosquito+Control+Association&rft.issn=8756971X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-03-30 N1 - Date created - 2006-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reversal of fructose-induced hypertension and insulin resistance by chronic losartan treatment is independent of AT2 receptor activation in rats. AN - 68761903; 16269963 AB - To examine whether angiotensin II type 2 receptors (AT2R) are involved in the reversal of fructose-induced hypertension and insulin resistance after chronic angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) blockade. Sprague-Dawley rats on fructose-enriched or regular diets were pretreated with losartan, an AT1R antagonist, or vehicle for 2 weeks before two-step glucose and insulin clamp experiments with [3-3H]glucose infusion. The hepatic glucose production (HGP) and whole-body glucose uptake (WBGU) were calculated during basal, euglycemic and euglycemic hyperinsulinemic periods. Blood pressure was measured before and after acute losartan (10 mg/kg, i.v. bolus), alone or in combination of PD123319 (PD, 50 microg/kg per min), an AT2R antagonist, or CGP42112 (2 microg/kg per min), an AT2R agonist, during the clamp study. In rats on a regular diet, acute infusion of losartan alone or in combination with PD, an AT2R blocker, did not alter blood pressure and glucose metabolism during experiments. Fructose feeding for 6 weeks significantly increased blood pressure and attenuated insulin-mediated suppression of HGP and stimulation of WBGU. Both acute and chronic administration of losartan suppressed fructose-induced hypertension. Concomitant treatment with PD and losartan blunted the acute but not chronic losartan-mediated depressor effect. Acute losartan treatment further reduced insulin-induced suppression of HGP, but simultaneously increased insulin-stimulated WBGU. These acute metabolic effects of losartan were eliminated when PD was co-administered with losartan. Conversely, chronic losartan pretreatment significantly enhanced suppression of HGP and increased stimulation of WBGU by insulin, which were not altered when PD or CGP 42112 was superimposed on losartan during the clamp experiments. These results suggest that reversal of high fructose-induced hypertension and insulin resistance by chronic losartan treatment is not dependent on AT2R activation and that functional activation of AT1R plays a major role in the pathogenesis of high fructose-induced hypertension and insulin resistance. JF - Journal of hypertension AU - Hsieh, Po-Shiuan AD - Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Defense Medical Center, National Defense University, Taipei, Taiwan. pshsieh@hotmail.com Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - December 2005 SP - 2209 EP - 2217 VL - 23 IS - 12 SN - 0263-6352, 0263-6352 KW - Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers KW - 0 KW - Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor Blockers KW - Antihypertensive Agents KW - Imidazoles KW - Oligopeptides KW - Pyridines KW - Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2 KW - CGP 42112A KW - 127060-75-7 KW - PD 123319 KW - 130663-39-7 KW - Fructose KW - 30237-26-4 KW - Glucose KW - IY9XDZ35W2 KW - Losartan KW - JMS50MPO89 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers -- administration & dosage KW - Glucose -- metabolism KW - Imidazoles -- administration & dosage KW - Oligopeptides -- administration & dosage KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers -- pharmacology KW - Antihypertensive Agents -- pharmacology KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Pyridines -- administration & dosage KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Glucose Clamp Technique KW - Antihypertensive Agents -- administration & dosage KW - Insulin Resistance KW - Male KW - Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2 -- metabolism KW - Hypertension -- chemically induced KW - Fructose -- toxicity KW - Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2 -- agonists KW - Losartan -- administration & dosage KW - Losartan -- pharmacology KW - Hypertension -- metabolism KW - Hypertension -- drug therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68761903?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+hypertension&rft.atitle=Reversal+of+fructose-induced+hypertension+and+insulin+resistance+by+chronic+losartan+treatment+is+independent+of+AT2+receptor+activation+in+rats.&rft.au=Hsieh%2C+Po-Shiuan&rft.aulast=Hsieh&rft.aufirst=Po-Shiuan&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+hypertension&rft.issn=02636352&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-03-02 N1 - Date created - 2005-11-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Introduction: the world challenge of work disability. AN - 68742273; 16254747 JF - Journal of occupational rehabilitation AU - Feuerstein, Michael AD - Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA. mfeuerstein@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - December 2005 SP - 451 EP - 452 VL - 15 IS - 4 SN - 1053-0487, 1053-0487 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Global Health KW - Occupational Diseases -- rehabilitation KW - Disabled Persons -- rehabilitation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68742273?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+occupational+rehabilitation&rft.atitle=Introduction%3A+the+world+challenge+of+work+disability.&rft.au=Feuerstein%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Feuerstein&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=451&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+occupational+rehabilitation&rft.issn=10530487&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-01-27 N1 - Date created - 2005-10-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Disarmament, Deterrence, and Denial AN - 59726987; 200615484 AB - U.S. strategic policy contains a range of initiatives that address fundamentally different sources of conflict, impeding efforts to formulate a coherent national response to the proliferation of chemical, biological & nuclear weapons. This analysis suggests that disarmament, deterrent & denial strategies address different sources of conflict, even though policy advocates often champion one strategy as the basis of U.S. defense policy. By identifying the underlying assumptions of policy advocates, the article illustrates that a one-size-fits-all approach to defense ignores the existence of different sources of global conflict. Theorists & defense officials must recognize the complexity of the contemporary security environment. This complexity suggests that we are experiencing an especially unstable moment in world politics, a time when competing security approaches compete for policy dominance. Adapted from the source document. JF - Comparative Strategy AU - Wirtz, James J AD - Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - December 2005 SP - 383 EP - 395 PB - Taylor & Francis, Philadelphia PA VL - 24 IS - 5 SN - 0149-5933, 0149-5933 KW - Biological Weapons KW - Disarmament KW - Security KW - Chemical Weapons KW - United States of America KW - Deterrence KW - Foreign Policy KW - Strategies KW - Nuclear Weapons KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59726987?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Comparative+Strategy&rft.atitle=Disarmament%2C+Deterrence%2C+and+Denial&rft.au=Wirtz%2C+James+J&rft.aulast=Wirtz&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=383&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Comparative+Strategy&rft.issn=01495933&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F01495930500448830 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United States of America; Strategies; Deterrence; Disarmament; Foreign Policy; Security; Chemical Weapons; Biological Weapons; Nuclear Weapons DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01495930500448830 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Survey of Lebanese Shi'i Attitudes towards Hezbollah AN - 59688533; 200601188 AB - This study has been designed to investigate Lebanese Shi'i respondents' attitudes toward Lebanon's party of God (Hezbollah). Specifically, the study focuses on two research questions. First, what is the extent of support for Hezbollah & its underlying dimensions (that is, the belief it should continue to grow, or that it should be demobilized, & the desirability of confrontation with the Lebanese authorities)? Second, what are the predictors of these attitudes? The results based on a sample of 256 Shi'i respondents indicated a discrepancy between attitudes toward Hezbollah & its underlying dimensions. Furthermore, personal religiosity was found to be significant predictor to all of the resettlement variables. The implications of these findings on Lebanon are discussed. 4 Tables, 1 Appendix, 44 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Small Wars and Insurgencies AU - Haddad, Simon AD - Notre-Dame U, Lebanon shaddad@ndu.edu.lb Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - December 2005 SP - 317 EP - 333 VL - 16 IS - 3 SN - 0959-2318, 0959-2318 KW - Prediction KW - Attitudes KW - Religion Politics Relationship KW - Religious Cultural Groups KW - Religiosity KW - Lebanon KW - Middle Eastern Cultural Groups KW - article KW - 9121: political behavior; political behavior UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59688533?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Small+Wars+and+Insurgencies&rft.atitle=A+Survey+of+Lebanese+Shi%27i+Attitudes+towards+Hezbollah&rft.au=Haddad%2C+Simon&rft.aulast=Haddad&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=317&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Small+Wars+and+Insurgencies&rft.issn=09592318&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F09592310500221286 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lebanon; Attitudes; Prediction; Religiosity; Religion Politics Relationship; Religious Cultural Groups; Middle Eastern Cultural Groups DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09592310500221286 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental investigation of in-situ chemical oxidation of complex DNAPL source zones by permanganate AN - 50442213; 2009-045320 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Heiderscheidt, J L AU - Illangasekare, T H AU - Siegrist, R L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - December 2005 SP - Abstract H23A EP - 1409 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 86 IS - 52, SUPPL. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - permanganate KW - saturation KW - manganese oxides KW - interfaces KW - oxides KW - mass transfer KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50442213?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Experimental+investigation+of+in-situ+chemical+oxidation+of+complex+DNAPL+source+zones+by+permanganate&rft.au=Heiderscheidt%2C+J+L%3BIllangasekare%2C+T+H%3BSiegrist%2C+R+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Heiderscheidt&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=52%2C+SUPPL.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2005 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; experimental studies; ground water; in situ; interfaces; manganese oxides; mass transfer; nonaqueous phase liquids; oxidation; oxides; permanganate; permeability; pollutants; pollution; remediation; saturation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iraq's shadow economy AN - 37766068; 3286983 AB - How large is Iraq's shadow or informal economy? Unfortunately in Iraq's case, data limitations preclude the use of the standard methods of estimating these activities. Alternatively, using a large data base of governance and economic freedom variables it was found that governance measures, especially the control of corruption, best accounted for the differences in the size of shadow economies across countries. On the assumption that Iraq followed this normal pattern, the country's shadow economy should have accounted for around 35% of Gross National Product and 68% of the country's labor force at the end of Saddam Hussein regime. JF - Rivista internazionale di scienze economiche e commerciali AU - Looney, Robert AD - Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 561 EP - 580 VL - LII IS - 4 SN - 0035-6751, 0035-6751 KW - Economics KW - Empirical tests KW - War KW - Political conditions KW - Informal sector KW - Economic conditions KW - Iraq UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/37766068?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rivista+internazionale+di+scienze+economiche+e+commerciali&rft.atitle=Iraq%27s+shadow+economy&rft.au=Looney%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Looney&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=LII&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=561&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rivista+internazionale+di+scienze+economiche+e+commerciali&rft.issn=00356751&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6514; 3898; 9664; 13443 2698; 4202; 182 254 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Forbidden cross-border Vendetta: Spetsnaz strike into Pakistan during the Soviet-Afghan war AN - 36488237; 3300142 AB - In 1986, Soviet Special Forces conducted an unauthorized strike into Pakistan while attempting to wipe out a guerrilla base. The Special Forces were pinned down and had to call for Soviet air strikes to extricate themselves from an untenable position. This article discusses the planning, conduct and consequences of the mission. Reprinted by permission of Frank Cass & Co. Ltd. JF - Journal of Slavic military studies AU - Grau, Lester W AU - Jalali, Ali Ahmad AD - National Defense University Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 661 EP - 672 VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 1351-8046, 1351-8046 KW - Political Science KW - Military history KW - War KW - Afghanistan KW - U.S.S.R. UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36488237?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Slavic+military+studies&rft.atitle=Forbidden+cross-border+Vendetta%3A+Spetsnaz+strike+into+Pakistan+during+the+Soviet-Afghan+war&rft.au=Grau%2C+Lester+W%3BJalali%2C+Ali+Ahmad&rft.aulast=Grau&rft.aufirst=Lester&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=661&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Slavic+military+studies&rft.issn=13518046&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F13518040500354943 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 8067 5889; 13443 2698; 1 85 30; 434 119 129 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13518040500354943 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Science and Society: Marine Reserve Design for the California Channel Islands TT - Ciencia y Sociedad: Diseno de Reservas Marinas para las Islas Channel de California AN - 20202159; 6562751 AB - We explored the interaction of science and society in attempts to restore impaired marine ecosystems in Channel Islands National Park and National Marine Sanctuary, California. Deteriorating resource conditions triggered a community's desire to change public policy. Channel Islands National Park, one of 40 marine protected areas in the U.S. National Park System, was proclaimed a national monument in 1938 and expanded substantially in 1980 by an act of Congress. Collapse of marine life populations and loss of 80% of the giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) forests in the park between 1980 and 1998 showed that habitat and water quality protection alone had not secured sustainable ocean ecosystems or fisheries. The failed fishery management strategies and practices prompted formal community and agency requests in 1998 for a network of reserves protected from direct fishing impacts to serve as marine recovery areas. A 2-year attempt to build a community consensus based on science for a reserve network successfully identified recovery goals for fisheries, biodiversity, education, economics, and heritage values. Nevertheless, the community group failed to garner unanimous support for a specific reserve network to achieve those common goals. The group submitted a recommendation, supported by 14 of 16 members, to state and federal authorities in 2001 for action in their respective jurisdictions. California adopted the half of the network in state waters in 2003. This process exposed the socioeconomic factors involved in the design of marine protected areas that can be negotiated successfully among groups of people and factors determined by nature that cannot be negotiated. Understanding the differences among the factors was crucial in reaching consensus and changing public policy.Original Abstract: Exploramos la interaccion de ciencia y sociedad en intentos para restaurar ecosistemas marinos deteriorados en el Parque Nacional Channel Islands y en el Santuario Marino Nacional, California. El deterioro de las condiciones de los recursos motivo el deseo de una comunidad para cambiar las politicas publicas. El Parque Nacional Channel Islands, una de las 40 areas marinas protegidas en el Sistema Nacional de Parques de E. U. A., fue proclamado monumento nacional en 1938 y fue sustancialmente expandido en 1980 por un decreto del Congreso. El colapso de poblaciones de vida marina y la perdida de 80% de bosques de Macrocystis pyrifera en el parque entre 1980 y 1998 mostro que la proteccion del habitat y de la calidad del agua pos si solos no habian proporcionado ecosistemas marinos ni pesquerias sustentables. Las estrategias y practicas fallidas de gestion de pesquerias impulsaron, en 1998, que la comunidad y agencias solicitaran una red de reservas protegidas de los impactos directos de la pesca para funcionar como areas de recuperacion marina. El intento, durante dos anos, de construir un consenso comunitario con base cientifica para una red de reservas exitosamente identifico metas de recuperacion de pesquerias, biodiversidad, educacion, economia y valores patrimoniales. Sin embargo, el grupo comunitario fallo en acumular soporte unanime para una red de reservas especificas para alcanzar esas metas comunes. En 2001 el grupo sometio una recomendacion, apoyada por 14 de 16 miembros, a las autoridades estatales y federales para acciones en sus respectivas jurisdicciones. California adopto la mitad de la red en aguas estatales en 2003. Este proceso expuso los factores socioeconomicos involucrados en el diseno de areas marinas protegidas que pueden ser negociados con exito entre grupos de personas y factores determinados por la naturaleza que no pueden ser negociados. El entendimiento de estas diferencias entre los factores fue crucial para alcanzar el consenso y cambiar la politica publica. JF - Conservation Biology AU - Davis, Gary E AD - Ocean Programs, U.S. National Park Service, Washington, D.C. 20005, U.S.A, gary_davis@nps.gov Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - December 2005 SP - 1745 EP - 1751 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ UK VL - 19 IS - 6 SN - 0888-8892, 0888-8892 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - INE, USA, California, Channel Is. KW - National parks KW - Environmental impact KW - Public policy KW - Fishery policy KW - Channels KW - Islands KW - Potential resources KW - Macrocystis pyrifera KW - Fishery management KW - Oceans KW - Fisheries KW - Economics KW - Marine parks KW - Nature conservation KW - USA, California KW - Environment management KW - Sanctuaries KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - O 4080:Pollution - Control and Prevention KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - D 04705:Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20202159?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Conservation+Biology&rft.atitle=Science+and+Society%3A+Marine+Reserve+Design+for+the+California+Channel+Islands&rft.au=Davis%2C+Gary+E&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1745&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Conservation+Biology&rft.issn=08888892&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1523-1739.2005.00317.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Figures, 2; references, 24. N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Channels; Fishery policy; Potential resources; Fishery management; Environmental impact; Nature conservation; Marine parks; Sanctuaries; Environment management; Islands; Oceans; Economics; Fisheries; National parks; Public policy; Macrocystis pyrifera; INE, USA, California, Channel Is.; USA, California; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00317.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporotic women with parathyroid hormone 1-84 for 18 months increases cancellous bone formation and improves cancellous architecture: A study of iliac crest biopsies using histomorphometry and micro computed tomography AN - 19933664; 6782279 AB - Histomorphometry studies in rhesus monkeys have shown that daily treatment with full-length parathyroid hormone 1-84 (PTH) increases bone formation and bone volume. However, there is no published information on the effects of PTH treatment on bone microarchitecture in humans. We obtained iliac crest biopsies from postmenopausal osteoporotic women given daily injections of placebo or 100 mu g PTH for 18 months to assess the effects of treatment on cancellous and cortical bone formation and structure. JF - Journal of Musculoskeletal & Neuronal Interactions AU - Fox, J AU - Miller, MA AU - Recker, R R AU - Bare, S P AU - Smith, SY AU - Moreau, I AD - NPS Pharmaceuticals, 383 Colorow Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA, jfox@npsp.com Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 356 EP - 357 VL - 5 IS - 4 SN - 1108-7161, 1108-7161 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts KW - Post-menopause KW - Iliac crest KW - Computed tomography KW - Parathyroid hormone KW - Bone histomorphometry KW - Bone growth KW - Osteoporosis KW - Macaca mulatta KW - Biopsy KW - Osteogenesis KW - W 30910:Imaging KW - N3 11006:Neuroanatomy, histology & cytology KW - T 20056:Parathyroid and parathyroid hormones UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19933664?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Musculoskeletal+%26+Neuronal+Interactions&rft.atitle=Treatment+of+postmenopausal+osteoporotic+women+with+parathyroid+hormone+1-84+for+18+months+increases+cancellous+bone+formation+and+improves+cancellous+architecture%3A+A+study+of+iliac+crest+biopsies+using+histomorphometry+and+micro+computed+tomography&rft.au=Fox%2C+J%3BMiller%2C+MA%3BRecker%2C+R+R%3BBare%2C+S+P%3BSmith%2C+SY%3BMoreau%2C+I&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=356&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Musculoskeletal+%26+Neuronal+Interactions&rft.issn=11087161&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Post-menopause; Iliac crest; Computed tomography; Bone growth; Bone histomorphometry; Parathyroid hormone; Osteoporosis; Biopsy; Osteogenesis; Macaca mulatta ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toluene removal in membrane bioreactors under recirculating and non- recirculating liquid conditions AN - 19448979; 6783806 AB - A single-, dual- and multiple-tube dense phase silicone rubber membrane bioreactor were investigated for control of toluene-contaminated air under circulating and non-recirculating liquid conditions. A mathematical model was developed to describe the system. The reactors were seeded with a mixed bacterial consortium isolated from activated sludge and capable of aromatic biodegradation. After operating with recirculating liquid nutrient solution, the reactors were operated with no recirculation of the liquid, for 50 days or more in each instance. Average toluene removal measured in the single-tube reactor was 93 ppm with recirculating liquid and 102 ppm without recirculation of the liquid. Average removal measured in the dual-tube reactor was 396 ppm with recirculating liquid and 319 ppm without recirculation of the liquid. Operation under stagnant liquid conditions had no significant detrimental impact on bioreactor performance. Biokinetic parameters were measured for both the suspension and biofilm with values of the maximum specific utilization rate values (k) ranging from 0.01 to 0.42 h super(-1) and half saturation constant values (K sub(S)) ranging from 1.5 to 14.3 mg L super(-1). Results suggest that membrane bioreactors might be operated under non-recirculating liquid conditions without performance detriment, reducing or eliminating the energy requirements and costs associated with pump operation. JF - Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy AU - England, E AU - Fitch, M W AU - Mormile, M AU - Roberts, M AD - Department of Systems and Engineering Management, Air Force Institute of Technology/ENV, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433-7765, USA, ellen.england@afit.edu Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 259 EP - 269 VL - 7 IS - 4 SN - 1618-954X, 1618-954X KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Pollutant removal KW - Membranes KW - Mathematical models KW - Biodegradation KW - Silicones KW - Toluene KW - Energy requirements KW - Rubber KW - Air pollution control KW - Environmental policy KW - Activated sludge KW - Air purification KW - Bioreactors KW - Biofilms KW - Nutrient solutions KW - Aromatics KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - J 02320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19448979?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clean+Technologies+and+Environmental+Policy&rft.atitle=Toluene+removal+in+membrane+bioreactors+under+recirculating+and+non-+recirculating+liquid+conditions&rft.au=England%2C+E%3BFitch%2C+M+W%3BMormile%2C+M%3BRoberts%2C+M&rft.aulast=England&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=259&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clean+Technologies+and+Environmental+Policy&rft.issn=1618954X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10098-005-0014-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Activated sludge; Biodegradation; Mathematical models; Silicones; Toluene; Bioreactors; Energy requirements; Rubber; Biofilms; Environmental policy; Nutrient solutions; Aromatics; Pollutant removal; Membranes; Air purification; Air pollution control DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10098-005-0014-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Urbanization on the Distribution and Abundance of Amphibians and Invasive Species in Southern California Streams TT - Efectos de la Urbanizacion sobre la Distribucion y Abundancia de Anfibios y Especies Invasoras en Arroyos del Sur de California AN - 17450940; 6562740 AB - Urbanization negatively affects natural ecosystems in many ways, and aquatic systems in particular. Urbanization is also cited as one of the potential contributors to recent dramatic declines in amphibian populations. From 2000 to 2002 we determined the distribution and abundance of native amphibians and exotic predators and characterized stream habitat and invertebrate communities in 35 streams in an urbanized landscape north of Los Angeles (U.S.A.). We measured watershed development as the percentage of area within each watershed occupied by urban land uses. Streams in more developed watersheds often had exotic crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) and fish, and had fewer native species such as California newts (Taricha torosa) and California treefrogs (Hyla cadaverina). These effects seemed particularly evident above 8% development, a result coincident with other urban stream studies that show negative impacts beginning at 10-15% urbanization. For Pacific treefrogs (H. regilla), the most widespread native amphibian, abundance was lower in the presence of exotic crayfish, although direct urbanization effects were not found. Benthic macroinvertebrate communities were also less diverse in urban streams, especially for sensitive species. Faunal community changes in urban streams may be related to changes in physical stream habitat, such as fewer pool and more run habitats and increased water depth and flow, leading to more permanent streams. Variation in stream permanence was particularly evident in 2002, a dry year when many natural streams were dry but urban streams were relatively unchanged. Urbanization has significantly altered stream habitat in this region and may enhance invasion by exotic species and negatively affect diversity and abundance of native amphibians.Original Abstract: La urbanizacion afecta de muchas formas negativas a los ecosistemas naturales, particularmente a los sistemas acuaticos. La urbanizacion tambien esta reconocida como uno de los potenciales causantes de las dramaticas declinaciones recientes en las poblaciones de anfibios. Entre 2000 y 2002 determinamos la distribucion y abundancia de anfibios nativos y depredadores exoticos y caracterizamos el habitat y las comunidades de invertebrados en 35 arroyos en un paisaje urbanizado al norte de Los Angeles. Medimos el desarrollo de la cuenca como el porcentaje de la superficie ocupada por usos urbanos en cada cuenca. Los arroyos en cuencas mas desarrolladas a menudo tenian cangrejos de rio exoticos (Procambarus clarkii) y peces, y tenian menos especies nativas, como tritones (Taricha torosa) y ranas arboricolas (Hyla cadaverina). Estos efectos parecieron particularmente evidentes arriba de 8% de desarrollo, un resultado que coincide con otros estudios de arroyos urbanos que muestran impactos negativos a partir de 10-15% de urbanizacion. La abundancia de H. regilla, el anfibio nativo con mayor distribucion, fue menor en presencia de cangrejos de rio exoticos, aunque no encontramos efectos directos de la urbanizacion. Las comunidades de macroinvertebrados bentonicos tambien fueron menos diversas en los arroyos urbanos, especialmente las especies sensitivas, Los cambios en la comunidad de la fauna en arroyos urbanos se pueden relacionar con cambios en el habitat fisico del arroyo, tales como menos habitat con pozas y mas habitat con corriente y una mayor profundidad y flujo de agua, lo que produce arroyos mas permanentes. La variacion en la permanencia de los arroyos fue particularmente evidente en 2002, ano en el que muchos arroyos naturales se secaron y los arroyos urbanos permanecieron relativamente sin cambios. La urbanizacion ha alterado significativamente a los habitats de arroyos en esta region y puede incrementar la invasion de especies exoticas e incidir negativamente en la diversidad y abundancia de anfibios nativos. JF - Conservation Biology AU - Riley, Seth PD AU - Busteed, Gary T AU - Kats, Lee B AU - Vandergon, Thomas L AU - Lee, Lena FS AU - Dagit, Rosi G AU - Kerby, Jacob L AU - Fisher, Robert N AU - Sauvajot, Raymond M AD - Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area, National Park Service, 401 W. Hillcrest Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA 91360, U.S.A, seth_riley@nps.gov Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - December 2005 SP - 1894 EP - 1907 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ UK VL - 19 IS - 6 SN - 0888-8892, 0888-8892 KW - California newt KW - California treefrog KW - Crayfishes KW - Red swamp crayfish KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Urbanization KW - Amphibiotic species KW - Abundance KW - Cambaridae KW - Natural Streams KW - Predators KW - Freshwater KW - Watersheds KW - Streams KW - Exotic Species KW - I, Pacific KW - USA, California KW - River basin management KW - Procambarus clarkii KW - Permanence KW - Quantitative distribution KW - Amphibians KW - Taricha torosa KW - Environmental impact KW - INE, USA, California, Los Angeles KW - Crayfish KW - Indigenous species KW - Community composition KW - Aquatic Habitats KW - Hyla cadaverina KW - Species diversity KW - Conservation KW - Fish KW - Introduced species KW - SW 2060:Effects on water of human nonwater activities KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q1 08485:Species interactions: pests and control KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes KW - D 04705:Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17450940?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Conservation+Biology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Urbanization+on+the+Distribution+and+Abundance+of+Amphibians+and+Invasive+Species+in+Southern+California+Streams&rft.au=Riley%2C+Seth+PD%3BBusteed%2C+Gary+T%3BKats%2C+Lee+B%3BVandergon%2C+Thomas+L%3BLee%2C+Lena+FS%3BDagit%2C+Rosi+G%3BKerby%2C+Jacob+L%3BFisher%2C+Robert+N%3BSauvajot%2C+Raymond+M&rft.aulast=Riley&rft.aufirst=Seth&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1894&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Conservation+Biology&rft.issn=08888892&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1523-1739.2005.00295.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-04-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Figures, 3; tables, 5; formulas, 34; references, 45. N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Permanence; Community composition; Amphibiotic species; Urbanization; Quantitative distribution; Species diversity; Environmental impact; Conservation; Watersheds; Introduced species; River basin management; Indigenous species; Abundance; Predators; Streams; Exotic Species; Aquatic Habitats; Amphibians; Natural Streams; Fish; Crayfish; Procambarus clarkii; Hyla cadaverina; Taricha torosa; Cambaridae; I, Pacific; USA, California; INE, USA, California, Los Angeles; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00295.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A three-dimensional tissue culture model for the study of attach and efface lesion formation by enteropathogenic and enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli AN - 17440641; 6544442 AB - We sought to develop a practical and representative model to study the interactions of enteropathogenic and enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EPEC and EHEC, respectively) with human intestinal tissue. For this purpose, human intestinal epithelial HCT-8 cells were cultured under low-shear microgravity conditions in a rotating cell culture system. After 10 days, layered cell aggregates, or 'organoids', developed. Three lines of evidence indicated that these organoids exhibited traits characteristic of normal tissue. First, the organoids expressed normal intestinal tissue markers in patterns that suggested greater cellular differentiation in the organoids than conventionally grown monolayers. Second, the organoids produced higher levels of intestinally expressed disaccharidases and alkaline phosphatase on a cell basis than did conventionally cultured monolayers. Third, HCT-8 organoid tissue developed microvilli and desmosomes characteristic of normal tissue, as revealed by electron microscopy. Because the low-shear microgravity condition is proposed by modelling studies to more closely approximate conditions in the intestinal microvilli, we also tested the impact of microgravity of bacterial growth and virulence gene expression. No influence on growth rates was observed but intimin expression by EHEC was elevated during culture in microgravity as compared with normal gravity. That the responses of HCT-8 organoids to infection with wild-type EPEC or EHEC under microgravitational conditions approximated infection of normal tissue was demonstrated by the classical appearance of the resultant attaching and effacing lesions. We concluded that the low shear microgravity environment promoted growth of intestinal cell organoids with greater differentiation than was seen in HCT-8 cells maintained in conventional tissue culture and provided a reduced gravity environment for study of bacterial-host cell interactions. JF - Cellular Microbiology AU - Carvalho, Humberto M AU - Teel, Louise D AU - Goping, Gertrud AU - O'Brien, Alison D AD - Microbiology and Immunology, aobrien@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 1771 EP - 1781 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ UK, [URL:http://www.blackwellpublishing.com] VL - 7 IS - 12 SN - 1462-5814, 1462-5814 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Growth rate KW - Gravity KW - Cell culture KW - Tissue culture KW - Virulence KW - Gene expression KW - Microgravity KW - Desmosomes KW - Alkaline phosphatase KW - Escherichia coli KW - Intestine KW - Intimin KW - Electron microscopy KW - J 02846:Gastrointestinal tract UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17440641?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cellular+Microbiology&rft.atitle=A+three-dimensional+tissue+culture+model+for+the+study+of+attach+and+efface+lesion+formation+by+enteropathogenic+and+enterohaemorrhagic+Escherichia+coli&rft.au=Carvalho%2C+Humberto+M%3BTeel%2C+Louise+D%3BGoping%2C+Gertrud%3BO%27Brien%2C+Alison+D&rft.aulast=Carvalho&rft.aufirst=Humberto&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1771&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cellular+Microbiology&rft.issn=14625814&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1462-5822.2004.00594.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-03-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Figures, 9; references, 35. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Gene expression; Virulence; Microgravity; Desmosomes; Alkaline phosphatase; Gravity; Intestine; Cell culture; Tissue culture; Electron microscopy; Intimin; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-5822.2004.00594.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of clarithromycin and ciprofloxacin therapy for Bacillus anthracis Sterne infection in mice with or without super(60)Co gamma-photon irradiation AN - 17438585; 6585332 AB - Biological agents and ionizing radiation lead to more severe clinical outcomes than either insult alone. This study investigated the survival of non-irradiated and super(60)Co-gamma-irradiated mice given therapy for inhalation anthrax with ciprofloxacin (CIP) or a clinically relevant mixture of clarithromycin (CLR) and its major human microbiologically important metabolite 14-hydroxy clarithromycin (14-OH CLR). All B6D2F1/J 10-week-old female mice were inoculated intratracheally with 3 x 10 super(8) c.f.u. of Bacillus anthracis Sterne spores 4 days after the non-lethal 7 Gy dose of super(60)Co gamma radiation. Twenty-one days of treatment with CLR/14-OH CLR, 150 mg kg super(-1) twice daily, or CIP, 16 times 5 mg kg super(-1) twice daily, began 24 h after inoculation. Pharmacokinetics indicate that the area under the curve (AUC) for 14-OH CLR on the concentration-versus-time graph was slightly higher in gamma-irradiated than non-irradiated animals. Neither drug was able to increase survival in gamma-irradiated animals. CIP and CLR/14-OH CLR therapies in non-irradiated animals increased survival from 49 % (17/35 mice) in buffer-treated animals to 94 % (33/35) and 100 %, respectively (P < 0 times 001). B. anthracis Sterne only was isolated from 25-50 % of treated mice with or without irradiation. Mixed infections with B. anthracis Sterne were present in 50-71 % of gamma-irradiated mice but only in 5-10 % of mice without irradiation. JF - Journal of Medical Microbiology AU - Brook, I AU - Giraldo, DE AU - Germana, A AU - Nicolau, D P AU - Jackson, W E AU - Elliott, T B AU - Thakar, J H AU - Shoemaker, MO AU - Ledney, G D AD - Scientific Research Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD 20889-5603, USA, Brook@afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 1157 EP - 1162 VL - 54 IS - 12 SN - 0022-2615, 0022-2615 KW - mice KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Inhalation KW - Survival KW - Metabolites KW - Bacillus anthracis KW - Pharmacokinetics KW - Ciprofloxacin KW - Clarithromycin KW - Radiation KW - Clinical microbiology KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Inoculation KW - gamma Radiation KW - Anthrax KW - Spores KW - Drugs KW - Mixed infection KW - J 02855:Human Bacteriology: Others UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17438585?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Medical+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+clarithromycin+and+ciprofloxacin+therapy+for+Bacillus+anthracis+Sterne+infection+in+mice+with+or+without+super%2860%29Co+gamma-photon+irradiation&rft.au=Brook%2C+I%3BGiraldo%2C+DE%3BGermana%2C+A%3BNicolau%2C+D+P%3BJackson%2C+W+E%3BElliott%2C+T+B%3BThakar%2C+J+H%3BShoemaker%2C+MO%3BLedney%2C+G+D&rft.aulast=Brook&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Medical+Microbiology&rft.issn=00222615&rft_id=info:doi/10.1099%2Fjmm.0.46166-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inhalation; Survival; Metabolites; Pharmacokinetics; Clarithromycin; Ciprofloxacin; Clinical microbiology; Radiation; Ionizing radiation; gamma Radiation; Inoculation; Anthrax; Spores; Drugs; Mixed infection; Bacillus anthracis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.46166-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrastis Canadensis L. (Ranunculaceae) Distribution does not Reflect Response to Microclimate Gradients across a Mesophytic Forest Cove AN - 17229259; 6952692 AB - Spatial patterns of understory plant distribution can reflect availability of suitable abiotic microsites. Hydrastis canadensis is a native, herbaceous perennial whose distribution may be constrained by microsite availability. We planted 5 transects each on south- and north-facing cove hillsides with clonally derived rhizomes of H. canadensis. Transects were spaced 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 m from a third-order stream. Because the transect 20 m from the stream on the south-facing hillside was adjacent to a natural H. canadensis patch, this transect was postulated to represent suitable habitat. We tested the effects of aspect and distance from stream on phytometer growth measures (survival, leaf area, and both rhizome and leaf area relative growth rates). We also monitored temperature, humidity, and light, then quantified environmental distances for these measures between each transect location and the transect in suitable habitat. Plant growth measures were then regressed on these distances to test hypotheses about factor effects. Neither survival nor relative growth rates depended on aspect or distance from the stream, although leaf area was greater on the north-facing aspect in both years and increased with proximity to the stream in 2003. Rhizome relative growth rate did not depend on any of the environmental distance measures, although leaf area change depended on cumulative light, increasing as the environmental distance from the suitable site increased. The relatively weak association between environmental variation across the forested cove reinforces other studies suggesting that H. canadensis has a relatively broad ecological niche, and its rarity is unlikely due to lack of availability of suitable habitat. JF - Plant Ecology AU - Sanders, Suzanne AU - McGraw, James B AD - Great Lakes Network Office, Ashland, WI, 54806, USA, suzanne_sanders@nps.gov Y1 - 2005/12// PY - 2005 DA - Dec 2005 SP - 279 EP - 288 PB - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 181 IS - 2 SN - 1385-0237, 1385-0237 KW - Buttercups KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Growth rate KW - Leaf area KW - Ranunculaceae KW - Rhizomes KW - Survival KW - Hydrastis canadensis KW - Streams KW - Light effects KW - D 04640:Other angiosperms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17229259?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Ecology&rft.atitle=Hydrastis+Canadensis+L.+%28Ranunculaceae%29+Distribution+does+not+Reflect+Response+to+Microclimate+Gradients+across+a+Mesophytic+Forest+Cove&rft.au=Sanders%2C+Suzanne%3BMcGraw%2C+James+B&rft.aulast=Sanders&rft.aufirst=Suzanne&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=181&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Ecology&rft.issn=13850237&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11258-005-7222-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Leaf area; Rhizomes; Survival; Streams; Light effects; Ranunculaceae; Hydrastis canadensis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11258-005-7222-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of PKC activity on the TTX-R sodium currents from rat nodose ganglion neurons. AN - 68746011; 16111720 AB - To determine how protein kinase C (PKC) activity influences properties of the tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium current (TTX-R I(Na)) in neonatal rat nodose ganglion (NG) neurons, we assessed the effects of phorbol,-12-myristate,13-acetate (PMA), one of the PKC activators, and staurosporine, one of the PKC inhibitors, on the current. PMA (30 and 100 nM) induced an increase in the peak current amplitude of normalized current-voltage curves, a leftward shift in the potential for half activation (V(1/2)) of normalized conductance-voltage curves and a leftward shift of V(1/2) potential for steady-state inactivation curves. The effects of staurosporine (0.1 and 1 muM) on the peak current amplitude and the V(1/2) potential for activation were opposite compared with those seen after PMA application. Staurosporine (1 muM) antagonized PMA (100 nM)-induced modification of TTX-R I(Na). These results suggest that the basal TTX-R I(Na) obtained from neonatal NG neurons is controlled by the level of PKC activity. JF - Life sciences AU - Ikeda, Mizuho AU - Yoshida, Shinki AU - Kadoi, Jun AU - Nakano, Yukako AU - Mastumoto, Shigeji AD - Department of Physiology, Nippon Dental University, School of Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20, Fujimi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan. ikedam@tky.ndu.ac.jp Y1 - 2005/11/19/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 19 SP - 47 EP - 53 VL - 78 IS - 1 SN - 0024-3205, 0024-3205 KW - Enzyme Activators KW - 0 KW - Enzyme Inhibitors KW - Sodium Channels KW - Tetrodotoxin KW - 4368-28-9 KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Staurosporine KW - H88EPA0A3N KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals, Newborn KW - Animals KW - Staurosporine -- pharmacology KW - Patch-Clamp Techniques KW - Kinetics KW - Rats, Wistar KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Enzyme Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Membrane Potentials -- drug effects KW - Tetrodotoxin -- pharmacology KW - Enzyme Activators -- pharmacology KW - Protein Kinase C -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Nodose Ganglion -- drug effects KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Nodose Ganglion -- cytology KW - Neurons -- physiology KW - Sodium Channels -- physiology KW - Nodose Ganglion -- metabolism KW - Protein Kinase C -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68746011?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Life+sciences&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+PKC+activity+on+the+TTX-R+sodium+currents+from+rat+nodose+ganglion+neurons.&rft.au=Ikeda%2C+Mizuho%3BYoshida%2C+Shinki%3BKadoi%2C+Jun%3BNakano%2C+Yukako%3BMastumoto%2C+Shigeji&rft.aulast=Ikeda&rft.aufirst=Mizuho&rft.date=2005-11-19&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Life+sciences&rft.issn=00243205&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-12-12 N1 - Date created - 2005-10-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Phosphorylation in the Warburg Effect T2 - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AN - 39998268; 4126679 JF - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AU - McFate, T AU - Mohyeldin, A AU - Hendriques, J AU - Verma, A Y1 - 2005/11/12/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 12 KW - Dehydrogenase KW - Phosphorylation KW - Pyruvic acid KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39998268?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Pyruvate+Dehydrogenase+Phosphorylation+in+the+Warburg+Effect&rft.au=McFate%2C+T%3BMohyeldin%2C+A%3BHendriques%2C+J%3BVerma%2C+A&rft.aulast=McFate&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-11-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://sfn.scholarone.com/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Roles and Regulation of Ins (1,4,5) P@@d3@ 3 - Kinase a in Hippocampal Neurons T2 - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AN - 39995976; 4127316 JF - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Lloyd-Burton, S M AU - Yu, J.C.H. AU - Irvine, R F AU - Schell, M J Y1 - 2005/11/12/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 12 KW - Hippocampus KW - Neurons KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39995976?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=The+Roles+and+Regulation+of+Ins+%281%2C4%2C5%29+P%40%40d3%40+3+-+Kinase+a+in+Hippocampal+Neurons&rft.au=Lloyd-Burton%2C+S+M%3BYu%2C+J.C.H.%3BIrvine%2C+R+F%3BSchell%2C+M+J&rft.aulast=Lloyd-Burton&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-11-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://sfn.scholarone.com/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Interneurons Fail to Reach the Cortical Plate in the Absence of a Normal Radial Glia Scaffold T2 - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AN - 39985300; 4127006 JF - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Poluch, S AU - Juliano, S L Y1 - 2005/11/12/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 12 KW - Scaffolds KW - Interneurons KW - Radial glial cells KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39985300?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Interneurons+Fail+to+Reach+the+Cortical+Plate+in+the+Absence+of+a+Normal+Radial+Glia+Scaffold&rft.au=Poluch%2C+S%3BJuliano%2C+S+L&rft.aulast=Poluch&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-11-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://sfn.scholarone.com/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Proteomics Analyses Reveal Differential Protein Changes in the Brain and Kidney of Canavan Disease Mice T2 - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AN - 39928903; 4128543 JF - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Madhavarao, C N AU - Raji, M AU - Arun, P AU - Matalon, R AU - Surendran, S AU - Russell, S AU - Somiari, R I AU - Jacobowitz, D M AU - Namboodiri, M.A.A. Y1 - 2005/11/12/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 12 KW - Mice KW - Kidneys KW - Brain KW - Canavan disease KW - Proteomics KW - Kidney diseases KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39928903?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Proteomics+Analyses+Reveal+Differential+Protein+Changes+in+the+Brain+and+Kidney+of+Canavan+Disease+Mice&rft.au=Madhavarao%2C+C+N%3BRaji%2C+M%3BArun%2C+P%3BMatalon%2C+R%3BSurendran%2C+S%3BRussell%2C+S%3BSomiari%2C+R+I%3BJacobowitz%2C+D+M%3BNamboodiri%2C+M.A.A.&rft.aulast=Madhavarao&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2005-11-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://sfn.scholarone.com/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - 810 nm Light Supports the Proliferation and Survival of Neural Progenitor Cells In Vitro T2 - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AN - 39926619; 4128770 JF - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Romanczyk, T B AU - Longo, L AU - Waynant, R AU - Ilev, I AU - Eisenbeiss, R AU - Graning, R AU - Amat, A AU - Anders, J J Y1 - 2005/11/12/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 12 KW - Cell proliferation KW - Neuroprogenitor cells KW - Light effects KW - Stem cells KW - Cell survival KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39926619?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=810+nm+Light+Supports+the+Proliferation+and+Survival+of+Neural+Progenitor+Cells+In+Vitro&rft.au=Romanczyk%2C+T+B%3BLongo%2C+L%3BWaynant%2C+R%3BIlev%2C+I%3BEisenbeiss%2C+R%3BGraning%2C+R%3BAmat%2C+A%3BAnders%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Romanczyk&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-11-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://sfn.scholarone.com/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Mucosal Fibroblasts: Unwanted Source For Transplantation in Human T2 - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AN - 39913505; 4126594 JF - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Wu, X. AU - Bolger, W E AU - Anders, J J Y1 - 2005/11/12/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 12 KW - Fibroblasts KW - Transplantation KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39913505?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Mucosal+Fibroblasts%3A+Unwanted+Source+For+Transplantation+in+Human&rft.au=Wu%2C+X.%3BBolger%2C+W+E%3BAnders%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=X.&rft.date=2005-11-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://sfn.scholarone.com/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Absence of Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ( FGF2 ) Improves Oligodendrocyte Repopulation and Remyelination Following Chronic Demyelination T2 - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AN - 39911500; 4121512 JF - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Armstrong, R C AU - Zhou, Y AU - Le, T Q AU - Vana, A C AU - Flint, N Y1 - 2005/11/12/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 12 KW - Fibroblast growth factor 2 KW - Repopulation KW - Oligodendrocytes KW - Demyelination KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39911500?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Absence+of+Fibroblast+Growth+Factor+2+%28+FGF2+%29+Improves+Oligodendrocyte+Repopulation+and+Remyelination+Following+Chronic+Demyelination&rft.au=Armstrong%2C+R+C%3BZhou%2C+Y%3BLe%2C+T+Q%3BVana%2C+A+C%3BFlint%2C+N&rft.aulast=Armstrong&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-11-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://sfn.scholarone.com/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Characterization of Aspartate N-Acetyltransferase from Bovine Brain T2 - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AN - 39901335; 4122807 JF - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Sambhu, P A AU - Madhavarao, C N AU - Namboodiri, M A Y1 - 2005/11/12/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 12 KW - Brain KW - Aspartate N-acetyltransferase KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39901335?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+Aspartate+N-Acetyltransferase+from+Bovine+Brain&rft.au=Sambhu%2C+P+A%3BMadhavarao%2C+C+N%3BNamboodiri%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Sambhu&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2005-11-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://sfn.scholarone.com/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Androgens Modulate Synaptic Structure and Plasticity T2 - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AN - 39894443; 4125978 JF - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Wu, H. AU - Chen, G AU - McCarthy, J Y1 - 2005/11/12/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 12 KW - Plasticity (synaptic) KW - Androgens KW - Plasticity KW - Sex hormones KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39894443?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Androgens+Modulate+Synaptic+Structure+and+Plasticity&rft.au=Wu%2C+H.%3BChen%2C+G%3BMcCarthy%2C+J&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=H.&rft.date=2005-11-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://sfn.scholarone.com/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Neocortical Environment Dramatically Affects Neuronal Phenotype T2 - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AN - 39884846; 4127065 JF - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Jones, C W AU - O'Neill, J AU - Juliano, S L Y1 - 2005/11/12/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 12 KW - Cortex KW - Phenotypes KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39884846?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Neocortical+Environment+Dramatically+Affects+Neuronal+Phenotype&rft.au=Jones%2C+C+W%3BO%27Neill%2C+J%3BJuliano%2C+S+L&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2005-11-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://sfn.scholarone.com/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Molecular and Functional Multitasking; the Regulator of mRNA Stability AUF1/hnRNPD Control Gene Transcription Upon Binding to at - Rich dsDNA Participates in Chromatin Remodeling and is Involved in Regulating Adult De Novo Neurogenesis T2 - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AN - 39884503; 4126973 JF - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Gyorgy, A AU - Lee, C AU - Szemes, M AU - Dobi, A AU - Agoston, D V Y1 - 2005/11/12/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 12 KW - Chromatin remodeling KW - Neurogenesis KW - Transcription KW - MRNA stability KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39884503?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Molecular+and+Functional+Multitasking%3B+the+Regulator+of+mRNA+Stability+AUF1%2FhnRNPD+Control+Gene+Transcription+Upon+Binding+to+at+-+Rich+dsDNA+Participates+in+Chromatin+Remodeling+and+is+Involved+in+Regulating+Adult+De+Novo+Neurogenesis&rft.au=Gyorgy%2C+A%3BLee%2C+C%3BSzemes%2C+M%3BDobi%2C+A%3BAgoston%2C+D+V&rft.aulast=Gyorgy&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2005-11-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://sfn.scholarone.com/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Decrease Levels of Notch Intracellular Domain in Human Psychiatric Disorders T2 - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AN - 39838162; 4130086 JF - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Verma, N AU - Nassar, M R AU - Hough, C J Y1 - 2005/11/12/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 12 KW - Mental disorders KW - NOTCH protein KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39838162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Decrease+Levels+of+Notch+Intracellular+Domain+in+Human+Psychiatric+Disorders&rft.au=Verma%2C+N%3BNassar%2C+M+R%3BHough%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Verma&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2005-11-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://sfn.scholarone.com/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Aspartoacylase is a Nuclear - Cytoplasmic Protein T2 - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AN - 39832515; 4128544 JF - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Hershfield, J R AU - Madhavarao, C N AU - Moffett, J R AU - Benjamins, J AU - Garbern, J M AU - Namboodiri, M.A.A. Y1 - 2005/11/12/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 12 KW - Aspartoacylase KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39832515?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Aspartoacylase+is+a+Nuclear+-+Cytoplasmic+Protein&rft.au=Hershfield%2C+J+R%3BMadhavarao%2C+C+N%3BMoffett%2C+J+R%3BBenjamins%2C+J%3BGarbern%2C+J+M%3BNamboodiri%2C+M.A.A.&rft.aulast=Hershfield&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-11-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://sfn.scholarone.com/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Compensatory Mechanisms that may Underlie Normal Synaptic Transmission in Trisomy Hippocampus T2 - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AN - 39826865; 4122258 JF - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Siarey, R AU - Kline-Burgess, A AU - Cho, M AU - Galdzicki, Z Y1 - 2005/11/12/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 12 KW - Synaptic transmission KW - Hippocampus KW - Trisomy KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39826865?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Compensatory+Mechanisms+that+may+Underlie+Normal+Synaptic+Transmission+in+Trisomy+Hippocampus&rft.au=Siarey%2C+R%3BKline-Burgess%2C+A%3BCho%2C+M%3BGaldzicki%2C+Z&rft.aulast=Siarey&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-11-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://sfn.scholarone.com/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Interneurons are Re - Distributed in Ferret Model of Cortical Dysplasia T2 - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AN - 39818786; 4127008 JF - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AU - McLaughlin, D F AU - Poluch, S AU - Juliano, S L Y1 - 2005/11/12/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 12 KW - Dysplasia KW - Interneurons KW - Models KW - Mustela putorius furo KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39818786?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Interneurons+are+Re+-+Distributed+in+Ferret+Model+of+Cortical+Dysplasia&rft.au=McLaughlin%2C+D+F%3BPoluch%2C+S%3BJuliano%2C+S+L&rft.aulast=McLaughlin&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2005-11-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://sfn.scholarone.com/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Abnormal GIRK2 Expression in Ts65Dn Cerebellum T2 - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AN - 39803581; 4134599 JF - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Harashima, C AU - Adeniji-Adele, A AU - Best, T AU - Siarey, R AU - Stoffel, M AU - Jacobowitz, D M AU - Galdzicki, Z Y1 - 2005/11/12/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 12 KW - Cerebellum KW - Potassium channels (inwardly-rectifying) KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39803581?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Abnormal+GIRK2+Expression+in+Ts65Dn+Cerebellum&rft.au=Harashima%2C+C%3BAdeniji-Adele%2C+A%3BBest%2C+T%3BSiarey%2C+R%3BStoffel%2C+M%3BJacobowitz%2C+D+M%3BGaldzicki%2C+Z&rft.aulast=Harashima&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2005-11-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://sfn.scholarone.com/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Neuregulin Dramatically Improves the Morphology of Radial Glia But Does Not Fully Restore Migration of Cortical Neurons in a Model of Cortical Dysplasia T2 - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AN - 39790527; 4127007 JF - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Juliano, S L AU - Schaefer, A W AU - Poluch, S Y1 - 2005/11/12/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 12 KW - Morphology KW - Dysplasia KW - Neuregulin KW - Radial glial cells KW - Cortex KW - Cell migration KW - Neurons KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39790527?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Neuregulin+Dramatically+Improves+the+Morphology+of+Radial+Glia+But+Does+Not+Fully+Restore+Migration+of+Cortical+Neurons+in+a+Model+of+Cortical+Dysplasia&rft.au=Juliano%2C+S+L%3BSchaefer%2C+A+W%3BPoluch%2C+S&rft.aulast=Juliano&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-11-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://sfn.scholarone.com/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Homeostatic Scaling of mEPSCs in GIRK2 - / - Neurons T2 - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AN - 39786561; 4130718 JF - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Best, T K AU - Adeniji-Adele, A AU - Harashima, C AU - Siarey, R AU - Stoffel, M AU - Galdzicki, Z Y1 - 2005/11/12/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 12 KW - Scaling KW - Neurons KW - Potassium channels (inwardly-rectifying) KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39786561?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Homeostatic+Scaling+of+mEPSCs+in+GIRK2+-+%2F+-+Neurons&rft.au=Best%2C+T+K%3BAdeniji-Adele%2C+A%3BHarashima%2C+C%3BSiarey%2C+R%3BStoffel%2C+M%3BGaldzicki%2C+Z&rft.aulast=Best&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-11-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://sfn.scholarone.com/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Indirect Effects of Light on the Migration of Normal Human Neural Progenitor Cells T2 - 20th International Congress on Laser Medicine AN - 39722590; 4029520 JF - 20th International Congress on Laser Medicine AU - Romanczyk, T B AU - Longo, L AU - Waynant, R AU - Ilev, I AU - Anders, J J Y1 - 2005/11/10/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Nov 10 KW - Stem cells KW - Neuroprogenitor cells KW - Abiotic factors KW - Light effects KW - Cell migration KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39722590?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=20th+International+Congress+on+Laser+Medicine&rft.atitle=Indirect+Effects+of+Light+on+the+Migration+of+Normal+Human+Neural+Progenitor+Cells&rft.au=Romanczyk%2C+T+B%3BLongo%2C+L%3BWaynant%2C+R%3BIlev%2C+I%3BAnders%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Romanczyk&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-11-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=20th+International+Congress+on+Laser+Medicine&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.laserflorence.org/Program/Program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Immunosuppressive iridoids from the fruits of Gardenia jasminoides. AN - 68837022; 16309325 AB - A new iridoid, gardaloside (1), and a new safranal-type monoterpene, jasminoside G (2), together with 10 known compounds including nine iridoids and a second safranal-type monoterpene, were isolated from the fruits of Gardenia jasminoides. The structures of 1 and 2 were established on the basis of spectroscopic evidence. Of these compounds, geniposide (3), 6alpha-hydroxygeniposide (5), ixoroside (7), and shanzhiside (8) showed significant inhibition of IL-2 secretion by phorbol myristate acetate and anti-CD28 monoclonal antibody co-stimulated activation of human peripheral blood T cells. JF - Journal of natural products AU - Chang, Wen-Liang AU - Wang, Hua-Ying AU - Shi, Li-Shian AU - Lai, Jenn-Haung AU - Lin, Hang-Ching AD - School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, National Defense University, Taipei, Taiwan 114, Republic of China. wlchang@ndmctsgh.edu.tw Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - November 2005 SP - 1683 EP - 1685 VL - 68 IS - 11 SN - 0163-3864, 0163-3864 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Antigens, CD28 KW - Immunosuppressive Agents KW - Interleukin-2 KW - Iridoids KW - Monoterpenes KW - Pyrans KW - gardaloside KW - jasminoside G KW - geniposide KW - 145295QLXY KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Interleukin-2 -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Molecular Structure KW - Pyrans -- blood KW - Pyrans -- pharmacology KW - Taiwan KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Pyrans -- chemistry KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Fruit -- chemistry KW - T-Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - Antigens, CD28 -- metabolism KW - Iridoids -- isolation & purification KW - Immunosuppressive Agents -- chemistry KW - Immunosuppressive Agents -- blood KW - Iridoids -- blood KW - Gardenia -- chemistry KW - Iridoids -- chemistry KW - Immunosuppressive Agents -- isolation & purification KW - Iridoids -- pharmacology KW - Plants, Medicinal -- chemistry KW - Immunosuppressive Agents -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68837022?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+natural+products&rft.atitle=Immunosuppressive+iridoids+from+the+fruits+of+Gardenia+jasminoides.&rft.au=Chang%2C+Wen-Liang%3BWang%2C+Hua-Ying%3BShi%2C+Li-Shian%3BLai%2C+Jenn-Haung%3BLin%2C+Hang-Ching&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=Wen-Liang&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1683&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+natural+products&rft.issn=01633864&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-12-28 N1 - Date created - 2005-11-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The pulmonary status of patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer 15 years after treatment with chemotherapy and chest irradiation. AN - 68828109; 16304271 AB - To describe pulmonary symptoms, signs, pulmonary function, and lung imaging studies in patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC) 2 to 15 years after receiving treatment with chemotherapy and chest radiotherapy. Retrospective review of clinical records and radiographic studies of patients treated in three different prospective combined-modality studies. Federal hospital. One hundred fifty-six patients with SCLC who were enrolled between 1974 and 1994. Patients with limited-stage SCLC treated on prospective therapeutic studies of combined chemotherapy and radiation therapy were identified. Pulmonary symptoms, physical findings, pulmonary function tests, arterial blood gas measurements, and chest imaging studies were assessed at baseline, and at 1 to 2 years, at 3 to 5 years, and at > 5 years following the initiation of treatment. Initial symptoms included cough in 84 (55%), dyspnea in 59 (39%), and sputum production in 26 (17%). Twenty-three patients lived beyond 5 years (15%) without evidence of recurrence. Seven of these 5-year survivors were without pulmonary symptoms. Pulmonary function test results showed no significant changes in percent predicted values for FVC, FEV(1), and FEV(1)/FVC ratio over the time periods reviewed. The percent predicted values for the diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide decreased from 71% before the start of treatment to 56% (p 5 years. Most patients had minimal to no changes in imaging study findings beyond 5 years. Long-term survivors with limited-stage SCLC who were treated with combined chemotherapy and chest radiotherapy have minimal changes in pulmonary symptoms or function from 5 to 15 years after the start of treatment. A concern for late toxicity from combined-modality therapy should not dissuade clinicians from offering therapy with potentially curative result with minimal to no pulmonary dysfunction. JF - Chest AU - Myers, Janet N AU - O'neil, Kevin M AU - Walsh, Thomas E AU - Hoffmeister, Karen J AU - Venzon, David J AU - Johnson, Bruce E AD - Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. JMyers@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - November 2005 SP - 3261 EP - 3268 VL - 128 IS - 5 SN - 0012-3692, 0012-3692 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Respiratory Function Tests KW - Spirometry KW - Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Recovery of Function KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Blood Gas Analysis KW - Male KW - Female KW - Lung Neoplasms -- radiotherapy KW - Lung Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Carcinoma, Small Cell -- radiotherapy KW - Carcinoma, Small Cell -- drug therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68828109?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chest&rft.atitle=The+pulmonary+status+of+patients+with+limited-stage+small+cell+lung+cancer+15+years+after+treatment+with+chemotherapy+and+chest+irradiation.&rft.au=Myers%2C+Janet+N%3BO%27neil%2C+Kevin+M%3BWalsh%2C+Thomas+E%3BHoffmeister%2C+Karen+J%3BVenzon%2C+David+J%3BJohnson%2C+Bruce+E&rft.aulast=Myers&rft.aufirst=Janet&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=3261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chest&rft.issn=00123692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-12-23 N1 - Date created - 2005-11-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Leukemic transformation of hematopoietic cells in mice internally exposed to depleted uranium. AN - 68797110; 16283518 AB - Depleted uranium (DU) is a dense heavy metal used in military applications. During military conflicts, US military personnel have been wounded by DU shrapnel. The health effects of embedded DU are unknown. Published data from our laboratory demonstrated that DU exposure in vitro can transform immortalized human osteoblast cells (HOS) to the tumorigenic phenotype. Results from our laboratory have also shown that DU is genotoxic and mutagenic in cultured human cells. Internalized DU could be a carcinogenic risk and concurrent alpha particle and heavy metal toxic effects complicate this potential risk. Anecdotal reports have suggested that DU can cause leukemia. To better assess this risk, we have developed an in vivo leukemogenesis model. This model involves using murine hematopoietic cells (FDC-P1) that are dependent on stimulation by granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or interleukin 3 (IL-3) and injected into mice to produce myeloid leukemia. Although immortalized, these cells are not tumorigenic on subcutaneous inoculation in mice. Intravenous injection of FDC-P1 cells into DU-implanted DBA/2 mice was followed by the development of leukemias in 76% of all mice implanted with DU pellets. In contrast, only 12% of control mice developed leukemia. Karyotypic analysis confirmed that the leukemias originated from FDC-P1 cells. The growth properties of leukemic cells from bone marrow, spleen, and lymph node were assessed and indicate that the FDC-P1 cells had become transformed in vivo. The kidney, spleen, bone marrow, muscle, and urine showed significant elevations in tissue uranium levels prior to induction of leukemia. These results demonstrated that a DU altered in vivo environment may be involved in the pathogenesis of DU induced leukemia in an animal model. JF - Molecular and cellular biochemistry AU - Miller, Alexandra C AU - Bonait-Pellie, Catherine AU - Merlot, Robert F AU - Michel, John AU - Stewart, Michael AU - Lison, Paul D AD - Applied Cellular Radiobiology Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research, Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20889-5603, USA. millera@afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - November 2005 SP - 97 EP - 104 VL - 279 IS - 1-2 SN - 0300-8177, 0300-8177 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Uranium KW - 4OC371KSTK KW - Index Medicus KW - Karyotyping KW - Models, Animal KW - Animals KW - Lymph Nodes -- metabolism KW - Spleen -- metabolism KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Lymph Nodes -- pathology KW - Spleen -- pathology KW - Mice KW - Mice, Inbred DBA KW - Myeloid Progenitor Cells -- drug effects KW - Whole-Body Irradiation KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation KW - Cell Line KW - Male KW - Hematopoietic Stem Cells -- pathology KW - Uranium -- administration & dosage KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- chemically induced KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Uranium -- toxicity KW - Leukemia, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Hematopoietic Stem Cells -- metabolism KW - Leukemia, Experimental -- pathology KW - Leukemia, Experimental -- genetics KW - Hematopoietic Stem Cells -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68797110?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+cellular+biochemistry&rft.atitle=Leukemic+transformation+of+hematopoietic+cells+in+mice+internally+exposed+to+depleted+uranium.&rft.au=Miller%2C+Alexandra+C%3BBonait-Pellie%2C+Catherine%3BMerlot%2C+Robert+F%3BMichel%2C+John%3BStewart%2C+Michael%3BLison%2C+Paul+D&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Alexandra&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=279&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+and+cellular+biochemistry&rft.issn=03008177&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2007-03-01 N1 - Date created - 2005-11-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Early-response biological dosimetry--recommended countermeasure enhancements for mass-casualty radiological incidents and terrorism. AN - 68683889; 16217193 AB - The effective medical management of a suspected acute radiation overexposure incident necessitates recording dynamic medical data, measuring appropriate radiation bioassays, and estimating dose from dosimeters and radioactivity assessments in order to provide diagnostic information to the treating physician and a dose assessment for personnel radiation protection records. The accepted generic multiparameter and early-response approach includes measuring radioactivity and monitoring the exposed individual; observing and recording prodromal signs/symptoms and erythema; obtaining complete blood counts with white blood cell differential; sampling blood for the chromosome-aberration cytogenetic bioassay using the "gold standard" dicentric assay (translocation assay for long times after exposure) for dose assessment; bioassay sampling, if appropriate, to determine radioactivity contamination; and using other available dosimetry approaches. In the event of a radiological mass-casualty incident, current national resources need to be enhanced to provide suitable dose assessment and medical triage and diagnoses. This capability should be broadly based and include stockpiling reagents and devices; establishing deployable (i.e., hematology and biodosimetry) laboratories and reference (i.e., cytogenetic biodosimetry, radiation bioassay) laboratories; networking qualified reference radioactivity-counting bioassay laboratories, cytogenetic biodosimetry, and deployable hematology laboratories with the medical responder community and national radiation protection program; and researching efforts to identify novel radiation biomarkers and develop applied biological dosimetry assays monitored with clinical, deployable, and hand-held analytical systems. These research and applied science efforts should ultimately contribute towards approved, regulated biodosimetry devices or diagnostic tests integrated into a national radioprotection program. JF - Health physics AU - Blakely, William F AU - Salter, Charles A AU - Prasanna, Pataje G S AD - Biological Dosimetry Team, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD 20889-5603, USA. blakely@afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - November 2005 SP - 494 EP - 504 VL - 89 IS - 5 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Lymphocytes -- radiation effects KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Terrorism KW - Radiometry KW - Radiation Protection KW - Radioactive Hazard Release KW - Radiation Injuries -- diagnosis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68683889?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+physics&rft.atitle=Early-response+biological+dosimetry--recommended+countermeasure+enhancements+for+mass-casualty+radiological+incidents+and+terrorism.&rft.au=Blakely%2C+William+F%3BSalter%2C+Charles+A%3BPrasanna%2C+Pataje+G+S&rft.aulast=Blakely&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=494&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-11-03 N1 - Date created - 2005-10-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field evaluation of in situ source reduction of trichloroethylene in ground water using bioenhanced in-well vapor stripping AN - 51382161; 2007-097884 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Goltz, Mark N AU - Gandhi, Rahul K AU - Gorelick, Steven M AU - Hopkins, Gary D AU - Smith, Laurence H AU - Timmins, Brian H AU - McCarty, Perry L Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - November 2005 SP - 8963 EP - 8970 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 39 IS - 22 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - halides KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - igneous rocks KW - granites KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - bromides KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - plutonic rocks KW - water treatment KW - movement KW - tracers KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - reduction KW - water pollution KW - geochemistry KW - bedrock KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - hydrochemistry KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - organic compounds KW - Edwards Air Force Base KW - trichloroethylene KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - in-well vapor stripping KW - water wells KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51382161?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Field+evaluation+of+in+situ+source+reduction+of+trichloroethylene+in+ground+water+using+bioenhanced+in-well+vapor+stripping&rft.au=Goltz%2C+Mark+N%3BGandhi%2C+Rahul+K%3BGorelick%2C+Steven+M%3BHopkins%2C+Gary+D%3BSmith%2C+Laurence+H%3BTimmins%2C+Brian+H%3BMcCarty%2C+Perry+L&rft.aulast=Goltz&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=8963&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes050628f L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bedrock; bioremediation; bromides; chlorinated hydrocarbons; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; Edwards Air Force Base; environmental analysis; field studies; geochemistry; granites; ground water; halides; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydraulic conductivity; hydrochemistry; igneous rocks; in situ; in-well vapor stripping; monitoring; movement; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; plutonic rocks; pollutants; pollution; reduction; remediation; solute transport; tracers; trichloroethylene; United States; water pollution; water treatment; water wells DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es050628f ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The not-quite non-atomic game: non-emptiness of the core in large production games AN - 37716529; 3257833 JF - Mathematical social sciences AU - Flåm, Sjur AU - Owen, Guillermo AU - Saboyá, Martha AD - University of Bergen ; Naval Postgraduate School ; Universidad Autónoma Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - 279 EP - 297 VL - 50 IS - 3 SN - 0165-4896, 0165-4896 KW - Economics KW - Game theory KW - Cooperation KW - Production functions KW - Economic research KW - Mathematical methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/37716529?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mathematical+social+sciences&rft.atitle=The+not-quite+non-atomic+game%3A+non-emptiness+of+the+core+in+large+production+games&rft.au=Fl%C3%A5m%2C+Sjur%3BOwen%2C+Guillermo%3BSaboy%C3%A1%2C+Martha&rft.aulast=Fl%C3%A5m&rft.aufirst=Sjur&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mathematical+social+sciences&rft.issn=01654896&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.mathsocsci.2005.05.001 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 7821 10919; 3994 10902; 10259; 5403 8010 4025; 2859 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mathsocsci.2005.05.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New market creation through transformation AN - 37713235; 3263011 AB - Is new market creation a search and selection process within the theoretical space of all possible markets? Or is it the outcome of a process of transformation of extant realities into new possibilities? In this article we consider new market creation as a process involving a new network of stakeholders. The network is initiated through an effectual commitment that sets in motion two concurrent cycles of expanding resources and converging constraints that result in the new market. The dynamic model was induced from two empirical investigations, a cognitive science-based investigation of entrepreneurial expertise, and a real time history of the RFID industry. Reprinted by permission of Springer JF - Journal of evolutionary economics AU - Sarasvathy, S D AU - Dew, N AD - University of Virginia ; Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - 533 EP - 565 VL - 15 IS - 5 SN - 0936-9937, 0936-9937 KW - Economics KW - Entrepreneurship KW - Market theory KW - Stakeholder KW - Economic networks KW - Evolutionary economics KW - Business economics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/37713235?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+evolutionary+economics&rft.atitle=New+market+creation+through+transformation&rft.au=Sarasvathy%2C+S+D%3BDew%2C+N&rft.aulast=Sarasvathy&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=533&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+evolutionary+economics&rft.issn=09369937&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00191-005-0264-x LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 4565 4025; 1852 1841 4025; 4306 3872 554 971; 3972 8634; 7737; 12158 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00191-005-0264-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-term trends in China-Taiwan relations: implications for U.S. Taiwan policy AN - 36495159; 3313354 AB - Long-term political, economic, and military trends are reshaping the security environment in the Taiwan Strait in potentially destabilizing ways and undermining the `one China' framework. The United States has become more deeply involved in cross-strait relations to maintain stability and preserve the status quo, but this approach may not be sustainable. JF - Asian survey AU - Saunders, Phillip C AD - National Defense University Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - 970 EP - 991 VL - XLV IS - 6 SN - 0004-4687, 0004-4687 KW - Political Science KW - Foreign policy KW - Taiwan KW - Third-party intervention KW - Straits KW - Diplomacy KW - Bilateral relations KW - U.S.A. KW - Regional security KW - Foreign relations KW - China UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36495159?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asian+survey&rft.atitle=Long-term+trends+in+China-Taiwan+relations%3A+implications+for+U.S.+Taiwan+policy&rft.au=Saunders%2C+Phillip+C&rft.aulast=Saunders&rft.aufirst=Phillip&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=XLV&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=970&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Asian+survey&rft.issn=00044687&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 1591 5205; 5200 5574 10472; 12749 2703 2698 6828 7869 5200 5574 10472; 5205; 3564 6784; 12302 13467 9511 4309; 10731; 433 293 14; 93 116 30; 414 116 30 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Japan/East Sea model predictability AN - 21053144; 7489970 AB - Three major input uncertainties (initial velocity field, open boundary conditions, and atmospheric forcing) limit the ocean modeling capability. The Princeton Ocean Model (POM) implemented to the Japan/East Sea (JES) is used to investigate the ocean predictability due to the input uncertainties. Two-step (pre-simulation and simulation) initialization is used to obtain 'standard initial velocity'. Twelve experiments are conducted with one control run and 11 sensitivity runs. The control run is to integrate POM-JES from the 'standard initial velocity' with the lateral transport (unperturbed) and the daily surface wind stress, net heat flux, and fresh-water flux interpolated from the COADS monthly mean data (unperturbed). The sensitivity runs are to integrate POM-JES with replaced initial velocity fields (with or without diagnostic initialization), and noisy winds and lateral boundary transports. Model uncertainty due to uncertain input data (initial velocity, winds, and lateral boundary transport) is significant. Level independent relative root mean square error for the whole JES is 0.2-0.5 for uncertain initial velocity field, 0.19 for uncertain surface winds with 0.5m/s noise, and 0.20 for uncertain lateral transport with 5% noise. The maximum level dependent relative root mean square error reaches 0.6 at the surface for uncertain winds (0.5m/s noise), and 0.18 at the bottom for uncertain lateral transport (5% noise). Model uncertainty reduces with time for uncertain initial velocity field, oscillates with an evident error growing trend for uncertain winds, and oscillates with no evident error growing trend for uncertain lateral transport. Furthermore, there is no difference using and not using the diagnostic (velocity) initialization and no difference in choosing periods (30-90 days) for diagnostic initialization. JF - Continental Shelf Research AU - Chu, Peter C AU - Fang, Chin-Lung AU - Kim, Chang S AD - Naval Ocean Analysis and Prediction Laboratory, Department of Oceanography, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, USA, chu@nps.navy.mil Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - November 2005 SP - 2107 EP - 2121 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., Pergamon, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl] VL - 25 IS - 17 SN - 0278-4343, 0278-4343 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Surface winds KW - Wind stress KW - INW, Japan KW - Acoustic waves KW - Ocean models KW - Boundary conditions KW - Wind fields KW - Predictability KW - Continental shelves KW - Noise pollution KW - Modelling KW - Heat flux KW - Noise levels KW - Velocity KW - Stress KW - Simulation KW - boundary conditions KW - Heat transfer KW - Numerical simulations KW - Oceans KW - Atmospheric forcing KW - Wind data KW - atmospheric forcing KW - O 2010:Physical Oceanography KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - M2 551.462:Submarine Topography/Bottom Forms/Sea-Floor Features (551.462) KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21053144?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Continental+Shelf+Research&rft.atitle=Japan%2FEast+Sea+model+predictability&rft.au=Chu%2C+Peter+C%3BFang%2C+Chin-Lung%3BKim%2C+Chang+S&rft.aulast=Chu&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=2107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Continental+Shelf+Research&rft.issn=02784343&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.csr.2005.03.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Wind stress; Continental shelves; Atmospheric forcing; Simulation; Wind data; Wind fields; Modelling; Heat transfer; Surface winds; Heat flux; Numerical simulations; Predictability; Ocean models; Acoustic waves; Noise pollution; Boundary conditions; Oceans; Noise levels; Stress; Velocity; boundary conditions; atmospheric forcing; INW, Japan DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2005.03.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Review of capture-recapture methods applicable to noninvasive genetic sampling AN - 20630315; 6555490 AB - The use of noninvasive genetic sampling to identify individual animals for capture-recapture studies has become widespread in the past decade. Strong emphasis has been placed on the field protocols and genetic analyses with fruitful results. Little attention has been paid to the capture-recapture application for this specific type of data beyond stating the effects of assumption violations. Here, we review the broad class of capture-recapture methods that are available for use with DNA-based capture-recapture data, noting the array of biologically interesting parameters such as survival, emigration rates, state transition rates and the finite rate of population change that can be estimated from such data. We highlight recent developments in capture-recapture theory specifically designed for noninvasive genetic sampling data. JF - Molecular Ecology AU - Lukacs, Paul M AU - Burnham, Kenneth P AD - Paul M. Lukacs, US Geological Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, 1201 Oakridge Dr., Suite 250, Fort Collins, CO 80525, USA, paul_lukacs@partner.nps.gov Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - 3909 EP - 3919 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ UK, [URL:http://www.blackwellpublishing.com] VL - 14 IS - 13 SN - 0962-1083, 0962-1083 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Emigration KW - Data processing KW - Capture-recapture studies KW - Reviews KW - Genetic analysis KW - Population changes KW - Survival KW - Sampling KW - D 04615:Ecology studies - general KW - G 07300:Theoretical genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20630315?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Ecology&rft.atitle=Review+of+capture-recapture+methods+applicable+to+noninvasive+genetic+sampling&rft.au=Lukacs%2C+Paul+M%3BBurnham%2C+Kenneth+P&rft.aulast=Lukacs&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=3909&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Ecology&rft.issn=09621083&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-294X.2005.02717.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Figures, 1; tables, 5; formulas, 1; references, 79. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Emigration; Capture-recapture studies; Data processing; Reviews; Genetic analysis; Survival; Population changes; Sampling DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02717.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nonnative lake trout result in Yellowstone cutthroat trout decline and impacts to bears and anglers AN - 19771181; 6537249 AB - During the past decade, Yellowstone cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki bouvieri) of Yellowstone Lake and its tributary streams have been affected by the introduction of lake trout (Salvelinus naymaycush), invasion by Myxobolus cerebralis (the cause of whirling disease), and drought conditions. Numbers of upstream migrating cutthroat trout at Clear and Bridge creeks have declined >90% in the past 5 years. Activity by bears has declined at spawning streams 1989-2004, and mirrored that of the cutthroat trout reductions, indicating cascading interactions in the food web of this system. Success by anglers has also declined, from two fish caught per hour in 1998 to less than one fish/h in 2004. To suppress lake trout, the National Park Service initiated a gillnetting program using up to 16 km of net each day, May-October. From 1994-2004, >100,000 lake trout were removed. The catch per unit effort and average length of spawning lake trout have declined, indicating that netting efforts may be impacting the population. As several important consumer species, including the threatened grizzly bear (Ursus arctos horribilis), use this population as an energy source, preservation of remaining cutthroat trout could be essential to maintain the integrity of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. JF - Fisheries AU - Koel, T M AU - Bigelow, P E AU - Doepke, P D AU - Ertel, B D AU - Mahony, D L AD - Center for Resources, Yellowstone National Park, Department of Ecology, Montana State University, MT, USA, todd_koel@nps.gov Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - November 2005 SP - 10 EP - 19 VL - 30 IS - 11 SN - 0363-2415, 0363-2415 KW - Grizzly Bear KW - Lake trout KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Ecosystems KW - USA, Wyoming, Yellowstone L. KW - national parks KW - Food availability KW - Freshwater KW - Energy sources KW - Catch/effort KW - Lakes KW - National Parks KW - Recreational waters KW - Consumers KW - Whirling disease KW - Diseases KW - Tributaries KW - Droughts KW - Salmon KW - Bridges KW - Refuges KW - Environmental impact KW - Salvelinus KW - Trout KW - Ecological balance KW - Depleted stocks KW - Fish KW - Preservation KW - National parks KW - Predators KW - Drought KW - spawning KW - Streams KW - USA, Yellowstone Natl. Park KW - Sport fishing KW - upstream KW - Migratory species KW - energy sources KW - Fisheries KW - Ecosystem management KW - Salvelinus namaycush KW - Ursus arctos horribilis KW - food webs KW - grizzly bears KW - Food webs KW - catches KW - Fishermen KW - Spawning KW - Rare species KW - Foods KW - USA, Oregon, Bridge Creek KW - bears KW - Energy KW - Nature conservation KW - Myxobolus cerebralis KW - Introduced species KW - Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri KW - Oncorhynchus clarki bouvieri KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q1 08442:Population dynamics KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19771181?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fisheries&rft.atitle=Nonnative+lake+trout+result+in+Yellowstone+cutthroat+trout+decline+and+impacts+to+bears+and+anglers&rft.au=Koel%2C+T+M%3BBigelow%2C+P+E%3BDoepke%2C+P+D%3BErtel%2C+B+D%3BMahony%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Koel&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fisheries&rft.issn=03632415&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Refuges; Fishermen; Environmental impact; Predators; Food availability; Rare species; Catch/effort; Sport fishing; Lakes; Migratory species; Ecological balance; Depleted stocks; Recreational waters; Ecosystem management; Nature conservation; Whirling disease; Introduced species; Droughts; Tributaries; Food webs; Energy; National parks; Consumers; Preservation; Spawning; Streams; upstream; catches; bears; Fisheries; national parks; Energy sources; food webs; spawning; grizzly bears; Salmon; Bridges; Ecosystems; Drought; Foods; National Parks; Trout; energy sources; Fish; Diseases; Salvelinus namaycush; Ursus arctos horribilis; Myxobolus cerebralis; Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri; Salvelinus; Oncorhynchus clarki bouvieri; USA, Oregon, Bridge Creek; USA, Wyoming, Yellowstone L.; USA, Yellowstone Natl. Park; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fitness Cost Due to Mutations in the 16S rRNA Associated with Spectinomycin Resistance in Chlamydia psittaci 6BC AN - 17659348; 6505845 AB - The fitness cost of a resistance determinant is the primary parameter that determines its frequency in vivo. As a model for analysis of the impact of drug resistance mutations on the intracellular life cycle of Chlamydia spp., we studied the growth of four genetically defined spectinomycin-resistant (Spc super(r)) clonal variants of Chlamydia psittaci 6BC isolated in the plaque assay. The development of each variant was monitored over 46 h postinfection in the absence of drug, either in pure culture or in 1:1 competition with the parent strain. Spc super(r) mutations in the 16S rRNA gene at positions 1191 and 1193 were associated with a marked impairment of C.psittaci biological fitness, and the bacteria were severely outcompeted by the wild-type parent. In contrast, mutations at position 1192 had minor effects on the bacterial life cycle, allowing the resistant isolates to compete more efficiently with the wild-type strain. Thus, mutations with a wide range of fitness costs can be selected in the plaque assay, providing a new strategy for prediction and monitoring of the emergence of antibiotic resistance in chlamydiae. So far, drug resistance has not been a serious threat for the treatment of chlamydial infections. Tetracycline is an effective antichlamydial drug that targets 16S rRNA. Attempts to isolate spontaneous tetracycline-resistant mutants of C. psittaci 6BC revealed a frequency <3 x 10 super(-9). We suggest that the rarity of genotypic antibiotic resistance among chlamydial clinical isolates reflects the deleterious effects of such mutations on the fitness of these obligate intracellular bacteria in the host. JF - Antimicrobial Agents & Chemotherapy AU - Binet, Rachel AU - Maurelli, Anthony T AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799 Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - 4455 EP - 4464 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 49 IS - 11 SN - 0066-4804, 0066-4804 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02795:Antibiotic resistance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17659348?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Antimicrobial+Agents+%26+Chemotherapy&rft.atitle=Fitness+Cost+Due+to+Mutations+in+the+16S+rRNA+Associated+with+Spectinomycin+Resistance+in+Chlamydia+psittaci+6BC&rft.au=Binet%2C+Rachel%3BMaurelli%2C+Anthony+T&rft.aulast=Binet&rft.aufirst=Rachel&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=4455&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Antimicrobial+Agents+%26+Chemotherapy&rft.issn=00664804&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A three-dimensional analytical model to simulate groundwater flow during operation of recirculating wells AN - 17199914; 6904633 AB - The potential for using pairs of so-called horizontal flow treatment wells (HFTWs) to effect in situ capture and treatment of contaminated groundwater has recently been demonstrated. To apply this new technology, design engineers need to be able to simulate the relatively complex groundwater flow patterns that result from HFTW operation. In this work, a three-dimensional analytical solution for steady flow in a homogeneous, anisotropic, contaminated aquifer is developed to efficiently calculate the interflow of water circulating between a pair of HFTWs and map the spatial extent of contaminated groundwater flowing from upgradient that is captured. The solution is constructed by superposing the solutions for the flow fields resulting from operation of partially penetrating wells. The solution is used to investigate the flow resulting from operation of an HFTW well pair and to quantify how aquifer anisotropy, well placement, and pumping rate impact capture zone width and interflow. The analytical modeling method presented here provides a fast and accurate technique for representing the flow field resulting from operation of HFTW systems, and represents a tool that can be useful in designing in situ groundwater contamination treatment systems. JF - Journal of Hydrology (Amsterdam) AU - Huang, Junqi AU - Goltz, Mark N AD - Department of Systems and Engineering Management, Air Force Institute of Technology, 2950 Hobson Way, Bldg 641, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433-7765, USA, junqi.huang@afit.edu Y1 - 2005/11// PY - 2005 DA - Nov 2005 SP - 67 EP - 77 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 314 IS - 1-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Analytical solutions KW - Injection/extraction wells KW - Three-dimensional groundwater flow modeling KW - Aquifers KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Flow rates KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Water treatment KW - Hydrology KW - Pumping KW - Aquifer flow KW - Partially Penetrating Wells KW - Anisotropy KW - Groundwater flow KW - Steady Flow KW - Wells KW - Water wells KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Analytical models KW - Groundwater Movement KW - M2 556.38:Groundwater Basins (556.38) KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17199914?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=A+three-dimensional+analytical+model+to+simulate+groundwater+flow+during+operation+of+recirculating+wells&rft.au=Huang%2C+Junqi%3BGoltz%2C+Mark+N&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=Junqi&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=314&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2005.03.039 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquifers; Anisotropy; Groundwater flow; Groundwater pollution; Analytical models; Aquifer flow; Water treatment; Hydrology; Water wells; Flow rates; Partially Penetrating Wells; Hydrologic Models; Wells; Groundwater Pollution; Pumping; Steady Flow; Groundwater Movement DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.03.039 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The National Park Service Intern Experience T2 - 2005 Annual Meeting and Exposition of the Geological Society of America (SLC 2005) AN - 40062162; 4015341 JF - 2005 Annual Meeting and Exposition of the Geological Society of America (SLC 2005) AU - Miller, Christina A Y1 - 2005/10/16/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Oct 16 KW - National parks KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40062162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America+%28SLC+2005%29&rft.atitle=The+National+Park+Service+Intern+Experience&rft.au=Miller%2C+Christina+A&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Christina&rft.date=2005-10-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America+%28SLC+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.geosociety.org/meetings/2005/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Vistas, Visitors, and Vegetation: How Geology is Taking Root at Shenandoah National Park T2 - 2005 Annual Meeting and Exposition of the Geological Society of America (SLC 2005) AN - 40012105; 4015340 JF - 2005 Annual Meeting and Exposition of the Geological Society of America (SLC 2005) AU - Butler, Eric Y1 - 2005/10/16/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Oct 16 KW - USA, Blue Ridge Mts., Shenandoah Natl. Park KW - Roots KW - Geology KW - Vegetation KW - National parks KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40012105?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America+%28SLC+2005%29&rft.atitle=Vistas%2C+Visitors%2C+and+Vegetation%3A+How+Geology+is+Taking+Root+at+Shenandoah+National+Park&rft.au=Butler%2C+Eric&rft.aulast=Butler&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2005-10-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Annual+Meeting+and+Exposition+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America+%28SLC+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.geosociety.org/meetings/2005/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Short and long term analysis of heart rate variations in spontaneously hypertensive rats: effects of DSP-4 administration. AN - 68778732; 16275495 AB - The purpose of this study was to investigate whether or not central noradrenergic neurons were involved in the time structure of circadian variation of heart rate (HR) in hypertension. We used spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR(Izm)) and normotensive controls (Wistar Kyoto rats, WKY(Izm)). We selectively destroyed the noradrenergic neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) by administering noradrenergic neurotoxin, N-(2-chloroethy)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine (DSP4). Frequency domain measures of variation of HR (VHR) were obtained using the maximum entropy method. The 24-h time frame in VHR is usually dominant in both SHR(Izm) and WKY(Izm). Fourteen days after the administering of DSP4, the mean 24-h systolic arterial pressure (SAP) remained higher in SHR(Izm) than in WKY(Izm). After chemical lesion, ultradian rhythms (12-, 8-, 6-, and 4-h periods) in VHR became more remarkable in both SHR(Izm) and WKY(Izm) than before chemical lesion. Before chemical lesion, an inverse relationship existed between frequency and power spectral density in VHR, demonstrating 1/f(beta) characteristics. The slope of 1/f(beta) in VHR did not differ between SHR(Izm) and WKY(Izm). After the chemical lesion it did not also differ from that of each strain in control period (before lesion). Therefore, the noradrenergic neurons may not affect the time structure of HR in SHR(Izm) and WKY(Izm) for short-term time analysis. However, the intact noradrenergic neurons in CNS may be important to keep normal cardiac autonomic function in SHR(Izm) for long-term analysis. JF - Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie AU - Kawamura, H AU - Mitsubayashi, H AU - Miao, T AU - Shimizu, T AD - Department of Medicine, Nippon Dental University School of Dentistry, 2-3-16 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8158, Japan. kawamura@tokyo.ndu.ac.jp Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - October 2005 SP - S203 EP - S208 VL - 59 Suppl 1 SN - 0753-3322, 0753-3322 KW - Benzylamines KW - 0 KW - Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors KW - DSP 4 KW - PQ1P7JP5C1 KW - Norepinephrine KW - X4W3ENH1CV KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Norepinephrine -- physiology KW - Animals KW - Blood Pressure -- physiology KW - Rats, Inbred WKY KW - Rats, Inbred SHR KW - Central Nervous System -- physiology KW - Telemetry KW - Neurons -- physiology KW - Motor Activity -- physiology KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Blood Pressure -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Benzylamines -- pharmacology KW - Hypertension -- physiopathology KW - Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Heart Rate -- physiology KW - Hypertension -- drug therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68778732?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomedicine+%26+pharmacotherapy+%3D+Biomedecine+%26+pharmacotherapie&rft.atitle=Short+and+long+term+analysis+of+heart+rate+variations+in+spontaneously+hypertensive+rats%3A+effects+of+DSP-4+administration.&rft.au=Kawamura%2C+H%3BMitsubayashi%2C+H%3BMiao%2C+T%3BShimizu%2C+T&rft.aulast=Kawamura&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=59+Suppl+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=S203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomedicine+%26+pharmacotherapy+%3D+Biomedecine+%26+pharmacotherapie&rft.issn=07533322&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-12-22 N1 - Date created - 2005-11-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Case report: occupationally related recurrent varicella (chickenpox) in a hospital nurse. AN - 68662291; 16203249 AB - Commonly accepted outcomes of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infections include chickenpox (primary) and shingles (recurrence or latency), as well lifetime immunity against chickenpox. We report the case of a registered nurse who worked in a neurologic surgery ward in a general hospital in Taipei, Taiwan. While working there for approximately 1 year, she developed recurrent chickenpox after caring for a paraparesis patient, who had herpes zoster during hospitalization in August 2002. The varicella incubation period was 10 days, which matched the range (10-21 days). Recently negative specific serum IgM and positive specific serum IgG indicated a past VZV infection. The nurse did not get herpes zoster from the second episode of varicella on 9 August 2002 to 4 April 2005 and is now convalescing. We conclude that occupational VZV hazards exist in the health care environment and suggest testing for VZV antibody and a VZV vaccination program for susceptible health care workers. Key words: chickenpox, indirect fluroscent antibody, occupational exposure, polymerase chain reaction, shingles, Taiwan, varicella-zoster virus. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Ku, Chih-Hung AU - Liu, Yu-Tien AU - Christiani, David C AD - School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, National Defense University, Taipei, Taiwan. Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - October 2005 SP - 1373 EP - 1375 VL - 113 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Immunoglobulin G KW - 0 KW - Immunoglobulin M KW - Index Medicus KW - Immunoglobulin G -- blood KW - Immunoglobulin M -- blood KW - Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Fluorescent Antibody Technique KW - Recurrence KW - Female KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Chickenpox -- transmission KW - Chickenpox -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68662291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Case+report%3A+occupationally+related+recurrent+varicella+%28chickenpox%29+in+a+hospital+nurse.&rft.au=Ku%2C+Chih-Hung%3BLiu%2C+Yu-Tien%3BChristiani%2C+David+C&rft.aulast=Ku&rft.aufirst=Chih-Hung&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1373&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-01-23 N1 - Date created - 2005-10-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Virology. 2000 Sep 30;275(2):306-17 [10998331] J Infect Dis. 2002 Feb 15;185(4):422-7 [11865393] Emerg Infect Dis. 2002 Dec;8(12):1504-5 [12498673] J Virol Methods. 2004 Jul;119(1):25-30 [15109817] J Infect Dis. 1984 Feb;149(2):137-42 [6321605] N Engl J Med. 1986 Jun 12;314(24):1542-6 [3012334] Pediatrics. 1999 May;103(5):e61 [10224205] J Infect Dis. 1994 Jan;169(1):91-4 [8277202] MMWR Recomm Rep. 1996 Jul 12;45(RR-11):1-36 [8668119] Clin Microbiol Rev. 1996 Jul;9(3):361-81 [8809466] MMWR Recomm Rep. 1997 Dec 26;46(RR-18):1-42 [9427216] Virology. 1998 Sep 15;249(1):21-31 [9740773] J Infect Dis. 1991 May;163(5):1016-22 [1850441] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhibition of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors increases paraoxon-induced apoptosis in cultured neurons. AN - 68593367; 16164961 AB - Organophosphorus (OP) compounds, used as insecticides and chemical warfare agents, are potent neurotoxins. We examined the neurotoxic effect of paraoxon (O,O-diethyl O-p-nitrophenyl phosphate), an organophosphate compound, and the role of NMDA receptors as a mechanism of action in cultured cerebellar granule cells. Paraoxon is neurotoxic to cultured rat cerebellar granule cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Cerebellar granule cells are less sensitive to the neurotoxic effects of paraoxon on day in vitro (DIV) 4 than neurons treated on DIV 8. Surprisingly, the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, MK-801, enhances paraoxon-mediated neurotoxicity suggesting that NMDA receptors may play a protective role. Pretreatment with a subtoxic concentration of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) [100 microM] protects about 40% of the vulnerable neurons that would otherwise die from paraoxon-induced neurotoxicity. Moreover, addition of a neuroprotective concentration of NMDA 3 h after treatment with paraoxon provides the same level of protection. Because paraoxon-mediated neuronal cell death is time-dependent, we hypothesized that apoptosis may be involved. Paraoxon increases apoptosis about 10-fold compared to basal levels. The broad-spectrum caspase inhibitor (Boc-D-FMK) and the caspase-9-specific inhibitor (Z-LEHD-FMK) protect against paraoxon-mediated apoptosis, paraoxon-stimulated caspase-3 activity and neuronal cell death. MK-801 increases, whereas NMDA blocks paraoxon-induced apoptosis and paraoxon-stimulated caspase-3 activity. These results suggest that activation of NMDA receptors protect neurons against paraoxon-induced neurotoxicity by blocking apoptosis initiated by paraoxon. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Wu, Xuan AU - Tian, Feng AU - Okagaki, Peter AU - Marini, Ann M AD - Department of Neurology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Building A, Room 1036, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2005/10/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Oct 01 SP - 57 EP - 67 VL - 208 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones KW - 0 KW - Benzyl Compounds KW - Boc-D-FMK KW - Bungarotoxins KW - Caspase Inhibitors KW - Cholinergic Agonists KW - Cholinergic Antagonists KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors KW - Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate KW - benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone KW - N-Methylaspartate KW - 6384-92-5 KW - Dizocilpine Maleate KW - 6LR8C1B66Q KW - Casp3 protein, rat KW - EC 3.4.22.- KW - Caspase 3 KW - Caspases KW - Paraoxon KW - Q9CX8P80JW KW - Index Medicus KW - Benzyl Compounds -- pharmacology KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Cholinergic Agonists -- pharmacology KW - Cerebellar Cortex -- drug effects KW - Cholinergic Antagonists -- pharmacology KW - Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated -- pharmacology KW - Caspases -- metabolism KW - Cerebellar Cortex -- metabolism KW - Dizocilpine Maleate -- pharmacology KW - Hippocampus -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Cerebellar Cortex -- cytology KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Enzyme Activation -- drug effects KW - Time Factors KW - Neurons -- metabolism KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Hippocampus -- metabolism KW - Bungarotoxins -- pharmacology KW - Animals, Newborn KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - N-Methylaspartate -- pharmacology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Neurons -- cytology KW - Hippocampus -- cytology KW - Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones -- pharmacology KW - Paraoxon -- pharmacology KW - Apoptosis -- drug effects KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68593367?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Inhibition+of+N-methyl-D-aspartate+receptors+increases+paraoxon-induced+apoptosis+in+cultured+neurons.&rft.au=Wu%2C+Xuan%3BTian%2C+Feng%3BOkagaki%2C+Peter%3BMarini%2C+Ann+M&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Xuan&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=208&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-05-04 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Congressional Control over Defense and Delegation of Authority in the Case of the Defense Emergency Response Fund AN - 61608791; 200713477 AB - Emerging theories of civil-military relations take a more nuanced look at the role of the actors involved, particularly noting the critical role of the legislature in modern democracies. An important tool of control for the legislature is the power of the purse, so circumstances of delegated spending authority by the legislature to the military are worthy of study. This study investigates a series of supplemental appropriations enacted by the U.S. Congress to pay for the war on terrorism and situates the story in the current literature on civil-military relations. The case describes an episode in which the legislature was willing to delegate authority, how the executive responded, and the circumstances under which the legislature returned to traditional forms of oversight. Adapted from the source document. JF - Armed Forces & Society AU - Candreva, Philip J AU - Jonesm, L R AD - Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey. E-mail: pjcandre@nps.edu Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - October 2005 SP - 105 EP - 122 PB - Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks CA VL - 32 IS - 1 SN - 0095-327X, 0095-327X KW - national defense budgeting KW - supplemental appropriations for defense KW - defense supplementals KW - civil-military relations KW - budgets KW - Budgets KW - Democracy KW - Legislative Bodies KW - National Security KW - Military Civilian Relations KW - Legislation KW - article KW - 0623: complex organization; military sociology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61608791?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Armed+Forces+%26+Society&rft.atitle=Congressional+Control+over+Defense+and+Delegation+of+Authority+in+the+Case+of+the+Defense+Emergency+Response+Fund&rft.au=Candreva%2C+Philip+J%3BJonesm%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Candreva&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Armed+Forces+%26+Society&rft.issn=0095327X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F0095327X05277911 LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-02 N1 - Number of references - 85 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - AFSOD2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - National Security; Budgets; Military Civilian Relations; Legislative Bodies; Legislation; Democracy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095327X05277911 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Saudi Arabia in the 21st Century: A New Security Dilemma AN - 60178237; 200600577 AB - Discusses Saudi Arabia's pursuit of a new security strategy as a function of a transformed regional security environment. Regional changes are attributed to the 9/11 attacks, the US invasion of Iraq, the revelation of Iran's nuclear program, & an emerging & complicated domestic political landscape. Thus it is argued that the strategic, regional, & domestic factors are coming together to generate a security dilemma for the Saudi regime & the country. Reports on Saudi interest in starting a nuclear program, despite an official stance renouncing any interest in nuclear weapons acquisition, are cited. It is argued that the options available to Saudi Arabia regarding an approaching decision to replace aging CSS-2/DF-2 missiles is a manifestation of this security dilemma & that its weakened relationship with the US lies at the heart of the problem. Pre- & post-9/11 US-Saudi relations are reviewed. Negative regional developments have not helped the situation, while it remains unclear as to how the Saudi regime will address new domestic political pressures & emerging political actors from across the spectrum. Implications for US counterproliferation policy are outlined. J. Zendejas JF - Middle East Policy AU - Russell, James A AD - Dept National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - October 2005 SP - 64 EP - 78 VL - 12 IS - 3 SN - 1061-1924, 1061-1924 KW - regional security KW - Nuclear Proliferation KW - Defense Policy KW - Saudi Arabia KW - United States of America KW - International Relations KW - National Security KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60178237?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Middle+East+Policy&rft.atitle=Saudi+Arabia+in+the+21st+Century%3A+A+New+Security+Dilemma&rft.au=Russell%2C+James+A&rft.aulast=Russell&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=64&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Middle+East+Policy&rft.issn=10611924&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-10-30 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Saudi Arabia; National Security; Nuclear Proliferation; Defense Policy; International Relations; United States of America ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S.-North Korean Relations: Foreign Policy Dilemmas AN - 59742101; 200704195 AB - Since North Korea's creation, the country has had troubled relations with the United States. The North Korean nuclear issue & South Korea-U.S. frictions over how to deal with North Korea compound these tensions. North Korea's nuclear agenda is the result of a long-term process of pursuing Korean nationalism & reuniting the nation. Pyongyang's brinkmanship approach is a nuanced effort to deal with a threatening environment & deter the United States. U.S. policy can cope with these circumstances by working more creatively with South Korea & developing American understanding of North Korea via an expanded North Korea-U.S. dialogue. References. Adapted from the source document. JF - North Korean Review AU - Olsen, Edward A AD - The Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA eolsen@nps.edu Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - October 2005 SP - 63 EP - 75 PB - McFarland & Company, Inc. Publishers, Jefferson, NC VL - 1 SN - 1551-2789, 1551-2789 KW - Dilemmas KW - United States of America KW - North Korea KW - Nationalism KW - Foreign Policy KW - South Korea KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59742101?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=North+Korean+Review&rft.atitle=U.S.-North+Korean+Relations%3A+Foreign+Policy+Dilemmas&rft.au=Olsen%2C+Edward+A&rft.aulast=Olsen&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=North+Korean+Review&rft.issn=15512789&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - North Korea; United States of America; South Korea; Foreign Policy; Nationalism; Dilemmas ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Remote origins of interannual variability in the Indonesian Throughflow region from data and a global Parallel Ocean Program simulation AN - 51589822; 2006-038405 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - McClean, Julie L AU - Ivanova, Detelina P AU - Sprintall, Janet Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - October 2005 SP - 18 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 110 IS - C10 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - Far East KW - Southwest Pacific KW - Western Australia KW - Indonesia KW - simulation KW - Java KW - World Ocean Circulation Experiment KW - West Pacific KW - El Nino Southern Oscillation KW - Australia KW - Asia KW - currents KW - ocean circulation KW - in situ KW - Australasia KW - annual variations KW - time series analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - altimetry KW - South Pacific KW - ocean currents KW - Indonesian Seas KW - eddies KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Indonesian Throughflow KW - Java Sea KW - bathymetry KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51589822?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Remote+origins+of+interannual+variability+in+the+Indonesian+Throughflow+region+from+data+and+a+global+Parallel+Ocean+Program+simulation&rft.au=McClean%2C+Julie+L%3BIvanova%2C+Detelina+P%3BSprintall%2C+Janet&rft.aulast=McClean&rft.aufirst=Julie&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=C10&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2004JC002477 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map, sect. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - altimetry; annual variations; Asia; Australasia; Australia; bathymetry; currents; eddies; El Nino Southern Oscillation; Far East; in situ; Indonesia; Indonesian Seas; Indonesian Throughflow; Java; Java Sea; ocean circulation; ocean currents; Pacific Ocean; simulation; South Pacific; Southwest Pacific; statistical analysis; time series analysis; West Pacific; Western Australia; World Ocean Circulation Experiment DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004JC002477 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A numerical study of the western Cosmonaut polynya in a coupled ocean-sea ice model AN - 51331684; 2006-038408 AB - Employing results from a 0.4 degrees , 40-level fully global, coupled ocean-sea ice model, we investigated the role of physical processes emanating from atmosphere, ocean, and ice in the initiation, maintenance, and termination of a sensible heat polynya with a focus on the western Cosmonaut polynya that occurred during May-July 1999. The Cosmonaut polynya first appeared in early May 1999 in the form of an ice-free embayment, transformed into an enclosed polynya on 5-9 July, and disappeared by late July, when the ice from the surrounding regions began to encircle the embayment. Except for the differences in ice concentrations, the time of appearance, size, and shape of the Cosmonaut polynya simulated by the model are in approximate agreement with the Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) observations. Between May and July 1999 the Cosmonaut Sea experienced two synoptic storms. Followed by the passage of the first storm on 12-19 June, there was a remarkable growth in the size of the embayment by 21 x 10 (super 3) km (super 2) . Associated with this, the sea surface temperature (SST) rose by 0.15 degrees C, the upward heat flux jumped from 5 to 94 W m (super -2) , and a net freshwater flux into the ocean increased by 2 cm d (super -1) . By running the model simulation with a 20% wind speed increase, it is demonstrated that the twofold increase in SST and upward heat flux increased the embayment area by 15 x 10 (super 3) km (super 2) and decreased the ice concentration by approximately 10% from the control run. (mod. journ. abst.) JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Prasad, T G AU - McClean, Julie L AU - Hunke, Elizabeth C AU - Semtner, Albert J AU - Ivanova, Detelina P Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - October 2005 SP - 21 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 110 IS - C10 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - processes KW - Southern Ocean KW - monitoring KW - numerical analysis KW - sea ice KW - ice cover KW - polynyas KW - observations KW - Antarctica KW - ocean-sea ice models KW - Cosmonaut Sea KW - Cosmonaut polynya KW - ice KW - sea-surface temperature KW - climate forcing KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51331684?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=A+numerical+study+of+the+western+Cosmonaut+polynya+in+a+coupled+ocean-sea+ice+model&rft.au=Prasad%2C+T+G%3BMcClean%2C+Julie+L%3BHunke%2C+Elizabeth+C%3BSemtner%2C+Albert+J%3BIvanova%2C+Detelina+P&rft.aulast=Prasad&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=C10&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2004JC002858 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map, 1 table, sect. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antarctica; climate forcing; Cosmonaut polynya; Cosmonaut Sea; ice; ice cover; monitoring; numerical analysis; observations; ocean-sea ice models; polynyas; processes; sea ice; sea-surface temperature; Southern Ocean DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004JC002858 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - France's evolving nuclear strategy AN - 38207698; 2980966 AB - France's revised nuclear strategy, announced by President Jacques Chirac in June 2001, represents a move away from the Cold War 'anti-cities' strategy to one based on a more extensive range of options, including more precise and discriminate capabilities, intended to reinforce deterrence with choices beyond 'all or nothing'. Neither of the main rationales for the nuclear posture - the long-standing hedge against potential major power threats and the current emphasis on being able to deter regional powers armed with nuclear, biological or chemical weapons - has provoked much open debate or critical analysis in France. To proponents of reduced nuclear spending, both contingencies seem improbable and not worth the current and projected costs. The thesis that France's nuclear forces constitute an indispensable contribution to the European Union's future deterrent posture appears an even less plausible justification to sceptics, who maintain that France could retain options for the EU and obtain approximately the same amount of security insurance with redefined nuclear posture requirements. Reprinted by permission of Taylor and Francis JF - Survival AU - Yost, David S AD - US Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - Oct 2005 SP - 117 EP - 146 VL - 47 IS - 3 SN - 0039-6338, 0039-6338 KW - Political Science KW - France KW - International relations KW - European Union KW - Nuclear strategy KW - Weapons of mass destruction KW - Strategic studies KW - Tactics KW - Nuclear weapons KW - Military theory KW - Deterrence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/38207698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Survival&rft.atitle=France%27s+evolving+nuclear+strategy&rft.au=Yost%2C+David+S&rft.aulast=Yost&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Survival&rft.issn=00396338&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F00396330500248078 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 8776 3349 5574 10472; 8782 13504 13501 1304 7805 3198 1077; 6784; 8081 8050; 12308 9782 9778; 4529 4534 10721 6737 4539 10727 9030; 3469 8782 13504 13501 1304 7805 3198 1077; 12483; 13504 13501 1304 7805 3198 1077; 134 462 129 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00396330500248078 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The conservative wave rolls on AN - 38204462; 2988369 JF - Journal of democracy AU - Nasr, Vali AD - U.S. Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - Oct 2005 SP - 9 EP - 22 VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 1045-5736, 1045-5736 KW - Political Science KW - Iran KW - Polls KW - Voting behaviour KW - Elections KW - History KW - Conservatism KW - Political conditions KW - Democracy KW - Reform UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/38204462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+democracy&rft.atitle=The+conservative+wave+rolls+on&rft.au=Nasr%2C+Vali&rft.aulast=Nasr&rft.aufirst=Vali&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+democracy&rft.issn=10455736&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 9812; 4128; 13370; 2737 9713 6203; 5889; 9664; 10691; 3390 9705; 181 254 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Defeating the sixth column: intelligence and strategy in the war on Islamist terrorism AN - 38186010; 2971675 AB - For the first time since the late 1940s, Washington is attempting a comprehensive analysis of the role and performance of the American intelligence system. In rethinking intelligence, it needs to address that the sixth column-Islamist terrorists residing in states that knowingly or unknowingly give them sanctuary-is the weak underbelly in the war on terror. To defeat this sixth column, important personnel, doctrinal, and cultural issues need to be addressed. The experience of other countries that have had success in fighting terrorism suggests that the United States must focus on offensive counter-intelligence, penetrating terrorist groups, and creating mistrust among them. All rights reserved, Elsevier JF - Orbis AU - Schindler, John R AD - U.S. Naval War College Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - Oct 2005 SP - 695 EP - 712 VL - 49 IS - 4 SN - 0030-4387, 0030-4387 KW - Political Science KW - International relations KW - Strategic planning KW - Evaluation KW - Intelligence services KW - Terrorism KW - Islam KW - War KW - U.S.A. KW - Reform UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/38186010?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Orbis&rft.atitle=Defeating+the+sixth+column%3A+intelligence+and+strategy+in+the+war+on+Islamist+terrorism&rft.au=Schindler%2C+John+R&rft.aulast=Schindler&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=695&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Orbis&rft.issn=00304387&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6610 10484; 4551; 12305 9560; 13443 2698; 6912 13753 10762; 12686 13325; 10691; 6784; 433 293 14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The business of insurgency AN - 37755776; 3283911 JF - National interest AU - Looney, Robert E AD - US Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - Oct 2005 SP - 67 EP - 72 VL - 81 SN - 0884-9382, 0884-9382 KW - Political Science KW - International relations KW - Media KW - Insurgency KW - Organized crime KW - Violence KW - Iraq KW - Policy studies KW - Armed forces UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/37755776?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+interest&rft.atitle=The+business+of+insurgency&rft.au=Looney%2C+Robert+E&rft.aulast=Looney&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=National+interest&rft.issn=08849382&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6596 9634; 7862 2572; 13325; 1262 8050; 9031 3015 11881; 6784; 9628; 182 254 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Novel and Endemic Pathogen Hypotheses: Competing Explanations for the Origin of Emerging Infectious Diseases of Wildlife TT - La Hipotesis del Patogeno Incipiente y Endemico: Explicaciones Opuestas del Origen de Enfermedades Infecciosas Emergentes en la Vida Silvestre AN - 20717388; 6464892 AB - Chytridiomycosis, caused by the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, is an emerging infectious disease implicated in declines of amphibian populations around the globe. An emerging infectious disease is one that has recently been discovered; has recently increased in incidence, geography, or host range; or is newly evolved. For any given outbreak of an emerging disease, it is therefore possible to state two hypotheses regarding its origin. The novel pathogen hypothesis states that the disease has recently spread into new geographic areas, whereas the endemic pathogen hypothesis suggests that it has been present in the environment but recently has increased in host range or pathogenicity. Distinguishing between these hypotheses is important, because the conservation measures needed to slow or stop the spread of a novel pathogen are likely to differ from those needed to prevent outbreaks of an endemic pathogen. Population genetics may help discriminate among the possible origins of an emerging disease. Current evidence suggests chytridiomycosis may be a novel pathogen being spread worldwide by carriers; until we know how much genetic variation to expect in an endemic strain, however, we cannot yet conclude that B. dendrobatidis is a novel pathogen.Original Abstract: La quitridiomicosis, causada por el hongo patogeno Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, es una enfermedad infecciosa emergente implicada en las declinaciones de poblaciones de anfibios en el mundo. Una enfermedad infecciosa emergente es una que ha sido descubierta recientemente; que ha incrementado en su rango de incidencia, geografico o de huespedes recientemente; o que ha evolucionado recientemente. Para cualquier brote de una enfermedad emergente es posible enunciar dos hipotesis en relacion con su origen. La hipotesis del patogeno incipiente establece que el la enfermedad se ha extendido recientemente hacia areas geograficas nuevas, mientras que la hipotesis del patogeno endemico sugiere que ha estado presente en el ambiente pero que ha incrementado en el rango de huespedes o de patogenicidad. Es importante distinguir entre estas dos hipotesis, porque es probable que las medidas de conservacion que se requieren para reducir o detener la dispersion de un patogeno incipiente sean diferentes a las requeridas para prevenir brotes de un patogeno endemico. La genetica de poblaciones puede ayudar a distinguir entre los posibles origenes de una enfermedad emergente. La evidencia actual sugiere que la quitridiomicosis puede ser un patogeno incipiente que esta siendo dispersado por transportistas mundialmente; sin embargo, no podemos concluir que B. dendrobatidis es un patogeno incipiente hasta que no se conozca la variacion genetica esperada en una cepa endemica. JF - Conservation Biology AU - Rachowicz, Lara J AU - Hero, Jean-Marc AU - Alford, Ross A AU - Taylor, John W AU - Morgan, Jess AT AU - Vredenburg, Vance T AU - Collins, James P AU - Briggs, Cheryl J AD - Department of Integrative Biology, 3060 Valley Life Sciences Building, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140, U.S.A, lara_rachowicz@nps.gov Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - Oct 2005 SP - 1441 EP - 1448 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ UK, [URL:http://www.blackwellpublishing.com] VL - 19 IS - 5 SN - 0888-8892, 0888-8892 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Host range KW - chytridiomycosis KW - Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis KW - Wildlife KW - Genetic diversity KW - genetic diversity KW - outbreaks KW - Pathogens KW - amphibians KW - population genetics KW - Population genetics KW - Infectious diseases KW - Pathogenicity KW - Conservation KW - Geography KW - K 03410:Animal Diseases KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04705:Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20717388?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Conservation+Biology&rft.atitle=The+Novel+and+Endemic+Pathogen+Hypotheses%3A+Competing+Explanations+for+the+Origin+of+Emerging+Infectious+Diseases+of+Wildlife&rft.au=Rachowicz%2C+Lara+J%3BHero%2C+Jean-Marc%3BAlford%2C+Ross+A%3BTaylor%2C+John+W%3BMorgan%2C+Jess+AT%3BVredenburg%2C+Vance+T%3BCollins%2C+James+P%3BBriggs%2C+Cheryl+J&rft.aulast=Rachowicz&rft.aufirst=Lara&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1441&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Conservation+Biology&rft.issn=08888892&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1523-1739.2005.00255.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Figures, 1; references, 70. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Population genetics; chytridiomycosis; Host range; Pathogenicity; Infectious diseases; Wildlife; Genetic diversity; Conservation; Pathogens; Geography; population genetics; genetic diversity; outbreaks; amphibians; Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00255.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efficacy and Safety of a Novel Once-Daily Extended-Release Ciprofloxacin Tablet Formulation for Treatment of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection in Women AN - 19934257; 6505789 AB - The efficacy and safety of a novel once-daily extended-release ciprofloxacin (ciprofloxacin ER) 500-mg dose were compared with those of an immediate-release ciprofloxacin (ciprofloxacin IR) 250-mg twice-daily dose, each administered orally for 3 days in the treatment of acute uncomplicated urinary tract infection (uUTI) in women. Adult female outpatients (mean age, 39 years) with clinical signs and symptoms of acute uUTI and a positive pretreatment urine culture ( greater than or equal to 10 super(5) CFU/ml) were enrolled in a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, noninferiority trial. Patients were assessed at a test-of-cure visit (4 to 11 days posttreatment) and a late-posttreatment visit (4 to 6 weeks posttreatment) for microbiological and clinical outcomes and safety. The primary efficacy endpoint and microbiological eradication rate at the test-of-cure visit in the ciprofloxacin ER group (254/272; 93.4%) were noninferior to those in the ciprofloxacin IR group (225/251; 89.6%) (95% confidence interval [CI] of difference, -0.99%, 8.59%). Clinical-cure rates at the test-of-cure visit were 85.7% (233/272) for ciprofloxacin ER and 86.1% (216/251) for ciprofloxacin IR (95% CI of difference, -6.37%, 5.57%). At the late-posttreatment visit, microbiological and clinical outcomes were similar for the two treatments and consistent with test-of-cure results. Both treatments were well tolerated, but the frequencies of nausea and diarrhea were lower in the ciprofloxacin ER group than in the ciprofloxacin IR group (nausea, ER, 0.6%; IR, 2.2%; P = 0.033; diarrhea, ER, 0.2%; IR, 1.4%; P = 0.037). Once-daily ciprofloxacin ER was safe, effective, and noninferior to twice-daily ciprofloxacin IR in the treatment of acute uUTI. Additionally, ciprofloxacin ER was associated with significantly reduced frequencies of nausea and diarrhea. JF - Antimicrobial Agents & Chemotherapy AU - Fourcroy, Jean L AU - Berner, Bret AU - Chiang, Yu-Kun AU - Cramer, Marilou AU - Rowe, Lynne AU - Shore, Neal AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland. Depomed, Inc., Menlo Park, California. Grand Strand Urology, Myrtle Beach, South Carolina Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - Oct 2005 SP - 4137 EP - 4143 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 49 IS - 10 SN - 0066-4804, 0066-4804 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Ciprofloxacin KW - Age KW - Diarrhea KW - Urine KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Tablets KW - Nausea KW - Urinary tract KW - Infection KW - Clinical trials KW - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19934257?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Antimicrobial+Agents+%26+Chemotherapy&rft.atitle=Efficacy+and+Safety+of+a+Novel+Once-Daily+Extended-Release+Ciprofloxacin+Tablet+Formulation+for+Treatment+of+Uncomplicated+Urinary+Tract+Infection+in+Women&rft.au=Fourcroy%2C+Jean+L%3BBerner%2C+Bret%3BChiang%2C+Yu-Kun%3BCramer%2C+Marilou%3BRowe%2C+Lynne%3BShore%2C+Neal&rft.aulast=Fourcroy&rft.aufirst=Jean&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=4137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Antimicrobial+Agents+%26+Chemotherapy&rft.issn=00664804&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ciprofloxacin; Age; Diarrhea; Urine; Colony-forming cells; Tablets; Nausea; Urinary tract; Infection; Clinical trials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A single operon-encoded form of the acetyl-CoA decarbonylase/synthase multienzyme complex responsible for synthesis and cleavage of acetyl-CoA in Methanosarcina thermophila AN - 19452842; 6889184 AB - Methanogens growing on C-1 substrates synthesize 2-carbon acetyl groups in the form of acetyl-CoA for carbon assimilation using the multienzyme complex acetyl-CoA decarbonylase/synthase (ACDS) which contains five different subunits encoded within an operon. In species growing on acetate ACDS also functions to cleave the acetate C-C bond for energy production by methanogenesis. A number of species of Methanosarcina that are capable of growth on either C-1 compounds or acetate contain two separate ACDS operons, and questions have been raised about whether or not these operons play separate roles in acetate synthesis and cleavage. Methanosarcina thermophila genomic DNA was analyzed for the presence of two ACDS operons by PCR amplifications with different primer pairs, restriction enzyme analyses, DNA sequencing and Southern blot analyses. A single ACDS operon was identified and characterized, with no evidence for more than one. MALDI mass spectrometric analyses were carried out on ACDS preparations from methanol- and acetate-grown cells. Peptide fragmentation patterns showed that the same ACDS subunits were present regardless of growth conditions. The evidence indicates that a single form of ACDS is used both for acetate cleavage during growth on acetate and for acetate synthesis during growth on C-1 substrates. JF - Archives of Microbiology AU - Grahame, David A AU - Gencic, Simonida AU - DeMoll, Edward AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814-4799, USA, dgrahame@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - October 2005 SP - 32 EP - 40 PB - Springer-Verlag (Berlin), Heidelberger Platz 3 Berlin 14197 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de] VL - 184 IS - 1 SN - 0302-8933, 0302-8933 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Methanosarcina thermophila KW - Growth conditions KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Methanogenesis KW - Population genetics KW - DNA sequencing KW - Growth KW - Pyruvic acid KW - Carbon KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - genomics KW - Archives KW - Methanosarcina KW - Enzymes KW - Methanogenic bacteria KW - Acetic acid KW - Multienzyme complexes KW - Acetate KW - Microbiology KW - DNA KW - Primers KW - Peptides KW - Operons KW - Carbon fixation KW - Q1 08201:General KW - J 02728:Enzymes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19452842?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Microbiology&rft.atitle=A+single+operon-encoded+form+of+the+acetyl-CoA+decarbonylase%2Fsynthase+multienzyme+complex+responsible+for+synthesis+and+cleavage+of+acetyl-CoA+in+Methanosarcina+thermophila&rft.au=Grahame%2C+David+A%3BGencic%2C+Simonida%3BDeMoll%2C+Edward&rft.aulast=Grahame&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=184&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=32&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Microbiology&rft.issn=03028933&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00203-005-0006-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Population genetics; Growth; Nucleotide sequence; Microbiology; Acetate; DNA; Polymerase chain reaction; Peptides; Archives; Methanogenesis; Carbon fixation; Growth conditions; Enzymes; Methanogenic bacteria; Acetic acid; Multienzyme complexes; DNA sequencing; Carbon; Pyruvic acid; Primers; genomics; Operons; Methanosarcina thermophila; Methanosarcina DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00203-005-0006-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - HABITAT SELECTION BY ELK BEFORE AND AFTER WOLF REINTRODUCTION IN YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK AN - 19400416; 8693077 AB - Prey species are thought to select habitats to obtain necessary resources while also avoiding predation. We examined whether habitat selection by elk (Cervus elaphus) changed following the reintroduction of wolves (Canis lupus) into Yellowstone National Park in 1995. Using conditional fixed-effects logistic regression to build habitat-selection models, we compared seasonal habitat selection by elk based on weekly elk radiolocations taken in 1985-1990 (without wolves) and 2000-2002 (with wolves). Fire-related habitat changes and climate likely interacted with wolf avoidance in shaping habitat selection by elk. In summer, when wolf activity was centered around dens and rendezvous sites, elk apparently avoided wolves by selecting higher elevations, less open habitat, more burned forest, and, in areas of high wolf density, steeper slopes than they had before wolf reintroduction. In winter, elk did not spatially separate themselves from wolves. Compared to the pre-wolf period, elk selected more open habitats in winter after wolf reintroduction, but did not change their selection of snow water equivalents (SWE) or slope. Elk appear to select habitats that allow them to avoid wolves during summer, but they may rely on other behavioral antipredator strategies, such as grouping, in winter. This study provides evidence that wolves can alter seasonal elk distribution and habitat selection, and demonstrates how the return of wolves to Yellowstone restores important ecosystem processes. JF - Journal of Wildlife Management AU - Mao, Julie S AU - Boyce, Mark S AU - Smith, Douglas W AU - Singer, Francis J AU - Vales, David J AU - Vore, John M AU - Merrill, Evelyn H AD - Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E9, Canada, julie_mao@nps.gov Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - Oct 2005 SP - 1691 EP - 1707 PB - Wildlife Society, 5410 Grosvenor Lane VL - 69 IS - 4 SN - 0022-541X, 0022-541X KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Canis lupus KW - Cervus elaphus KW - elk KW - habitat selection KW - predation risk KW - resource selection functions KW - wolf KW - Yellowstone National Park KW - Wildlife management KW - Predation KW - National parks KW - Forests KW - national parks KW - Habitat selection KW - Models KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - dens KW - Seasonal variations KW - Reintroduction KW - Snow KW - habitat changes KW - Climate KW - prey KW - Habitat KW - winter KW - summer KW - reintroduction KW - Y 25150:General/Miscellaneous KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19400416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Wildlife+Management&rft.atitle=HABITAT+SELECTION+BY+ELK+BEFORE+AND+AFTER+WOLF+REINTRODUCTION+IN+YELLOWSTONE+NATIONAL+PARK&rft.au=Mao%2C+Julie+S%3BBoyce%2C+Mark+S%3BSmith%2C+Douglas+W%3BSinger%2C+Francis+J%3BVales%2C+David+J%3BVore%2C+John+M%3BMerrill%2C+Evelyn+H&rft.aulast=Mao&rft.aufirst=Julie&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1691&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Wildlife+Management&rft.issn=0022541X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2193%2F0022-541X%282005%29692.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reintroduction; Wildlife management; Predation; Climate; National parks; Habitat; Habitat selection; Models; habitat changes; Snow; elk; national parks; Forests; prey; winter; Sulfur dioxide; habitat selection; summer; dens; Seasonal variations; reintroduction; Cervus elaphus; Canis lupus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2005)69[1691:HSBEBA]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assembly of Cyclic Enterobacterial Common Antigen in Escherichia coli K-12 AN - 17662950; 6503210 AB - We describe here the purification and quantification of a water-soluble cyclic form of enterobacterial common antigen (ECA sub(CYC)) from Escherichia coli K-12 as well as information regarding its subcellular location and the genetic loci involved in its assembly. Structural characterization of purified ECA sub(CYC) molecules obtained from E. coli K-12 revealed that they uniformly contained four trisaccharide repeat units, and they were substituted with from zero to four O-acetyl groups. Cells from overnight cultures contained approximately 2 mu g ECA sub(CYC) per milligram (dry weight), and cell fractionation studies revealed that these molecules were localized exclusively in the periplasm. The synthesis and assembly of ECA sub(CYC) were found to require the wzxE and wzyE genes of the wec gene cluster. These genes encode proteins involved in the transmembrane translocation of undecaprenylpyrophosphate-linked ECA trisaccharide repeat units and the polymerization of trisaccharide repeat units, respectively. Surprisingly, synthesis of ECA sub(CYC) was dependent on the wzzE gene, which is required for the modulation of the polysaccharide chain lengths of phosphoglyceride-linked ECA (ECA sub(PG)). The presence of ECA sub(CYC) in extracts of several other gram-negative enteric organisms was also demonstrated; however, it was not detected in cell extracts of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These data suggest that in addition to ECA sub(PG), ECA sub(CYC) may be synthesized in many, if not all, members of the ENTEROBACTERIACEAE: JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Kajimura, Junko AU - Rahman, Arifur AU - Rick, Paul D AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799 Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - Oct 2005 SP - 6917 EP - 6927 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 187 IS - 20 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02832:Antigenic properties and virulence KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17662950?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=Assembly+of+Cyclic+Enterobacterial+Common+Antigen+in+Escherichia+coli+K-12&rft.au=Kajimura%2C+Junko%3BRahman%2C+Arifur%3BRick%2C+Paul+D&rft.aulast=Kajimura&rft.aufirst=Junko&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=187&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=6917&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mixed Messages about Opportunistic Carnivores AN - 17370455; 6464919 JF - Conservation Biology AU - Smith, Douglas W AD - Yellowstone Wolf Project, Yellowstone CR, P.O. Box 168, Officer's Row, Building 27, Yellowstone National Park, WY 82190, U.S.A, doug_smith@nps.gov Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - Oct 2005 SP - 1672 EP - 1678 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ UK, [URL:http://www.blackwellpublishing.com] VL - 19 IS - 5 SN - 0888-8892, 0888-8892 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Carnivores KW - Conservation KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17370455?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Conservation+Biology&rft.atitle=Mixed+Messages+about+Opportunistic+Carnivores&rft.au=Smith%2C+Douglas+W&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1672&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Conservation+Biology&rft.issn=08888892&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1523-1739.2005.00285_5.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - SuppNotes - References, 8. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Conservation; Carnivores DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00285_5.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A numerical modeling study on desert oasis self-supporting mechanisms AN - 17211415; 6904609 AB - Oasis self-supporting mechanisms due to oasis breeze circulation (OBC) are proposed and simulated numerically in this study using a coupled mesoscale and land-surface model. Excessive evaporation from the oasis makes the oasis surface colder than the surrounding desert surface. The sensible heat-flux gradient from oasis to surrounding desert drives the OBC with downdraft over the oasis and updraft over the desert. The horizontal length-scale of the OBC is around four times as large as the oasis scale. This secondary circulation creates two mechanisms to reduce heat and moisture exchange between the oasis and the surrounding desert: (1) the updraft over the desert reduces low-level hot, dry air flowing from the desert into the oasis; and (2) the downdraft increases the atmospheric static stability that reduces the oasis evaporation. Reduction of the oasis scale weakens the oasis self-supporting mechanisms through the decrease of the OBC associated with the increase of the oasis surface evaporation and decrease of the atmospheric stability over the oasis. JF - Journal of Hydrology (Amsterdam) AU - Chu, Peter C AU - Lu, Shihua AU - Chen, Yuchun AD - Naval Ocean-Atmospheric Prediction Laboratory, Department of Oceanography, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA 93943, USA, pcchu@nps.edu Y1 - 2005/10// PY - 2005 DA - Oct 2005 SP - 256 EP - 276 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 312 IS - 1-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Oasis self-supporting mechanism KW - Oasis breeze circulation KW - Atmospheric static stability KW - Wet-cold island KW - Lift index KW - Moisture KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Deserts KW - Evaporation KW - Heat KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0830:Evaporation and transpiration UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17211415?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=A+numerical+modeling+study+on+desert+oasis+self-supporting+mechanisms&rft.au=Chu%2C+Peter+C%3BLu%2C+Shihua%3BChen%2C+Yuchun&rft.aulast=Chu&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=312&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=256&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2005.02.043 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Moisture; Hydrologic Models; Heat; Evaporation; Deserts DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.02.043 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Endogenous neuregulin restores radial glia in a (ferret) model of cortical dysplasia. AN - 68584856; 16162931 AB - Radial glia are integral components of the developing neocortex. During corticogenesis, they form an important scaffold for neurons migrating into the cortical plate. Recent attention has focused on neuregulin (NRG1), acting through erbB receptors, in maintaining their morphology. We developed a model of developmental radial glial disruption by delivering an antimitotic [methylazoxy methanol (MAM)] to pregnant ferrets on embryonic day 24 (E24). We previously found that normal ferret cortex contains a soluble factor capable of realigning the disorganized radial glia back toward their normal morphology. Characterization of the reorganizing activity in normal cortex demonstrated that the probable factor mediating these responses was a 30-50 kDa protein. To test whether this endogenous soluble factor was NRG1, we used organotypic cultures of E24 MAM-treated ferret neocortex supplemented with the endogenous factor obtained from normal cortical implants, exogenous NRG1beta, antibodies that either blocked or stimulated erbB receptors, or a soluble erbB subtype that binds to available NRG1. We report that exogenous NRG1 or antibodies that stimulate erbB receptors dramatically improve the morphology of disrupted radial glia, whereas blockade of NRG1-erbB signaling prevents the radial glial repair. Our results suggest that NRG1 is an endogenous factor in ferret neocortex capable of repairing damaged radial glia and that it acts via one or more erbB receptors. JF - The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Gierdalski, Marcin AU - Sardi, Sergio Pablo AU - Corfas, Gabriel AU - Juliano, Sharon L AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA. Y1 - 2005/09/14/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Sep 14 SP - 8498 EP - 8504 VL - 25 IS - 37 KW - Neuregulins KW - 0 KW - Teratogens KW - Methylazoxymethanol Acetate KW - 592-62-1 KW - methylazoxymethanol KW - JGG19N3YDQ KW - Index Medicus KW - Methylazoxymethanol Acetate -- toxicity KW - Animals, Newborn KW - Animals KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Ferrets KW - Methylazoxymethanol Acetate -- analogs & derivatives KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Female KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects KW - Pregnancy KW - Cerebral Cortex -- physiology KW - Cerebral Cortex -- drug effects KW - Neuregulins -- physiology KW - Cerebral Cortex -- pathology KW - Neuroglia -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68584856?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+neuroscience+%3A+the+official+journal+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Endogenous+neuregulin+restores+radial+glia+in+a+%28ferret%29+model+of+cortical+dysplasia.&rft.au=Gierdalski%2C+Marcin%3BSardi%2C+Sergio+Pablo%3BCorfas%2C+Gabriel%3BJuliano%2C+Sharon+L&rft.aulast=Gierdalski&rft.aufirst=Marcin&rft.date=2005-09-14&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=37&rft.spage=8498&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+neuroscience+%3A+the+official+journal+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=1529-2401&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-03-06 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Clinical evaluation of a new bleaching product "Polanight" in a Japanese population. AN - 68599278; 16170477 AB - Home bleaching techniques have been applied as a safe and effective bleaching procedure. Many manufacturers are now marketing home tooth-bleaching products. The purpose of this study was to compare a new bleaching product, Polanight (PN) with a widely used home bleaching product, Opalescence (OP). Fifty-eight healthy Japanese volunteers of both sexes (18 to 47 years of age) were selected. Using a simultaneous split-mouth protocol, custom-made trays with PN and OP were applied to the maxillary right anterior teeth and left anterior teeth, respectively. The shades of the maxillary canine teeth were measured with a portable chromameter (Shade Eye Ex) at the first examination and at 4 weeks (after 2-week bleaching and 2-week rest). Tooth shade changes were analyzed using the Commission Internationale d'Eclairage (CIE) Lab units. Means of whiteness-blackness difference (DeltaL*), redness-greenness difference (Deltaa*), and yellowness-blueness difference (Deltab*) were 4.00, -1.28 and -7.53 for PN, and 2.54, -0.99, and -5.56 for OP, respectively. Means of color difference (DeltaE*) were 9.23 and 7.78 for PN and OP, respectively. Treatment with either agent demonstrated significant bleaching effects produced by the treatment. The new product, PN, showed significant differences in DeltaL* (P < 0.05) and Deltab* (P < 0.005), but not in the redness-greenness (a*) value when compared with OP. Bleaching with PN was considered more effective than that with OP in the young patient group and in the women. JF - Odontology AU - Tsubura, Shuichi AU - Yamaguchi, Ryuji AD - Department of Biochemistry, The Nippon Dental University School of Dentistry at Niigata, 1-8 Hamaura-cho, Niigata 951-8580, Japan. hshimo@ngt.ndu.ac.jp Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - September 2005 SP - 52 EP - 55 VL - 93 IS - 1 SN - 1618-1247, 1618-1247 KW - Drug Combinations KW - 0 KW - Gels KW - Oxidants KW - Peroxides KW - carbamide peroxide KW - 31PZ2VAU81 KW - Urea KW - 8W8T17847W KW - Dentistry KW - Index Medicus KW - Age Factors KW - Sex Factors KW - Self Care KW - Humans KW - Color KW - Tooth -- pathology KW - Colorimetry -- methods KW - Adult KW - Gingivitis -- chemically induced KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Dentin Sensitivity -- chemically induced KW - Female KW - Japan KW - Peroxides -- therapeutic use KW - Urea -- therapeutic use KW - Urea -- administration & dosage KW - Peroxides -- administration & dosage KW - Oxidants -- therapeutic use KW - Oxidants -- administration & dosage KW - Tooth Bleaching -- instrumentation KW - Urea -- analogs & derivatives KW - Tooth Bleaching -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68599278?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Odontology&rft.atitle=Clinical+evaluation+of+a+new+bleaching+product+%22Polanight%22+in+a+Japanese+population.&rft.au=Tsubura%2C+Shuichi%3BYamaguchi%2C+Ryuji&rft.aulast=Tsubura&rft.aufirst=Shuichi&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=52&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Odontology&rft.issn=16181247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-01-06 N1 - Date created - 2005-09-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An interpreter's interpretation: sign language interpreters' view of musculoskeletal disorders. AN - 68512320; 16119230 AB - Sign language interpreters are at increased risk for musculoskeletal disorders associated with work. Previous studies have used survey techniques to identify potential risk factors and approaches to their medical management. Little is known about risk factors and management of symptoms in this group from the perspective of the interpreter. Such qualitative information should help inform future research related to this professional group. One thousand ninety-two sign language interpreters recruited from the Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf completed an open-ended question that was a component of a national prevalence survey. Responses were evaluated using content analysis. Inter and intra rater reliability were high (.88 and .92, respectively). Risk factors for initiation and/or exacerbation of symptoms included: difficult job, interpreting setting (educational), interpreting style (e.g., posture, self generated force), and emotional and physical stressors. Exercise (e.g., stretching, aerobics) was a common prevention strategy. Conventional medical treatment was used as the first line approach to symptom control. Self-care methods such as exercise, diet and warm up prior to interpreting were also reported. While massage and chiropractic care was used as commonly as in the general population, acupuncture was found to be used more often. Coping strategies that were more active (e.g. exercise, diet, more control over work schedule) were also reported as useful. These findings provide a description of factors that interpreters view as important in the development and exacerbation of hand and wrist pain. The results also indicate that interpreters used many self-management approaches. Future research should carefully investigate the utility of such approaches using well-controlled designs. Also, because of its widespread use in this group the evaluation of acupuncture in the management of these symptoms appears warranted. The qualitative approach used in the present study permitted an analysis of the worker perspectives regarding risk and management of these work related symptoms. This information can be used to further inform future research. JF - Journal of occupational rehabilitation AU - Johnson, William L AU - Feuerstein, Michael AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA. Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - September 2005 SP - 401 EP - 415 VL - 15 IS - 3 SN - 1053-0487, 1053-0487 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Pain -- epidemiology KW - Risk Assessment KW - Registries KW - Pain -- etiology KW - Pain -- prevention & control KW - Risk Factors KW - Adult KW - Health Surveys KW - Middle Aged KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Female KW - Male KW - Hand Joints -- injuries KW - Cumulative Trauma Disorders -- etiology KW - Musculoskeletal Diseases -- etiology KW - Musculoskeletal Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Occupational Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Cumulative Trauma Disorders -- prevention & control KW - Occupational Diseases -- etiology KW - Occupational Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Sign Language KW - Cumulative Trauma Disorders -- epidemiology KW - Musculoskeletal Diseases -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68512320?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+occupational+rehabilitation&rft.atitle=An+interpreter%27s+interpretation%3A+sign+language+interpreters%27+view+of+musculoskeletal+disorders.&rft.au=Johnson%2C+William+L%3BFeuerstein%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=401&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+occupational+rehabilitation&rft.issn=10530487&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-02-06 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prolonged injection time and light smoking decrease the incidence of fentanyl-induced cough. AN - 68507429; 16115973 AB - We designed this study to evaluate the effect of injection time and smoking on fentanyl-induced cough. Four-hundred-fifty ASA class I-II patients, aged 18-80 yr and weighing 40-90 kg, scheduled for elective surgery were included. All patients received fentanyl (100 microg for patients weighing 40-69 kg and 150 microg for patients weighing 70-90 kg for clinical convenience) via the proximal port of a peripheral IV line on the forearm. Patients were randomly assigned to 3 groups of 150 patients each. Patients in Group I received fentanyl injection over 2 s, whereas for patients in Groups II and III the fentanyl was injected at a constant rate over 15 s and 30 s, respectively. We recorded the number of coughs of each patient during and 30 s after fentanyl injection. The incidence of cough was 18% in group I, 8% in Group II, and 1.3% in Group III, significantly less (P < 0.05) with a longer injection time. Current smokers had a less frequent incidence of cough than nonsmokers; however, this effect was only significant in light smokers (<10 cigarettes per day or <10 smoking years or <10 pack-years). In conclusion, a longer injection time reduces the incidence of fentanyl-induced cough, and light smoking may be a protective factor against fentanyl-induced cough. JF - Anesthesia and analgesia AU - Lin, Jui-An AU - Yeh, Chun-Chang AU - Lee, Meei-Shyuan AU - Wu, Ching-Tang AU - Lin, Shinn-Long AU - Wong, Chih-Shung AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, National Defense University, #325 Chenggung Road Section 2, Neihu 114, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China. Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - September 2005 SP - 670 EP - 4, table of contents VL - 101 IS - 3 SN - 0003-2999, 0003-2999 KW - Anesthetics, Intravenous KW - 0 KW - Fentanyl KW - UF599785JZ KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Hemodynamics -- drug effects KW - Prospective Studies KW - Double-Blind Method KW - Logistic Models KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Female KW - Smoking -- physiopathology KW - Anesthesia, Intravenous -- adverse effects KW - Fentanyl -- adverse effects KW - Anesthetics, Intravenous -- administration & dosage KW - Cough -- prevention & control KW - Anesthetics, Intravenous -- adverse effects KW - Fentanyl -- administration & dosage KW - Cough -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68507429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Anesthesia+and+analgesia&rft.atitle=Prolonged+injection+time+and+light+smoking+decrease+the+incidence+of+fentanyl-induced+cough.&rft.au=Lin%2C+Jui-An%3BYeh%2C+Chun-Chang%3BLee%2C+Meei-Shyuan%3BWu%2C+Ching-Tang%3BLin%2C+Shinn-Long%3BWong%2C+Chih-Shung&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=Jui-An&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=670&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Anesthesia+and+analgesia&rft.issn=00032999&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-27 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of the placement of endosseous implants in vascularized bone grafts on bone union in beagle dogs. AN - 68429433; 16053891 AB - Recently, reconstructive surgery with revascularized osteocutaneous flaps has been used to restore function in patients with bone defects caused by surgery for oral cancer. However, few basic studies have addressed problems such as the union of bone segments after osteotomy, the effects of dental implant placement on blood flow, and bone formation at the bone:implant interface in grafted bone. Nine adult beagle dogs were divided into three groups of three dogs each. Each group received osteotomized vascularized tibial grafts, osteotomized tibial grafts with implants (implants placed in contralateral limbs as control), or simple (non-vascularized) tibial grafts. The development of bone around the implants was studied by histological examination, contact micro-radiography (CMR), and fluorescent bone labeling. In the dogs receiving osteotomized vascularized tibial grafts, bone bridging was confirmed at both the medial and distal junctions of the bone segments after 4 weeks. Additional newly formed bone was observed after 8 weeks, and bone union at the surface of the segments was completed after 12 weeks. In contrast, bone formation was clearly delayed in dogs receiving simple (non-vascularized) tibial grafts. Histologically, no difference in bone union was evident between limbs with dental implants in tibial bone and control limbs without implants, suggesting that implant placement does not negatively affect revascularization. Fluorescent bone labeling technique confirmed high vascularity of the vascularized tibial bone grafts but not of the simple (non-vascularized) tibial bone grafts early after the procedure. Our results suggest that osseointegration occurred around dental implants placed at the same time as reconstruction with osteotomized vascularized bone grafts in this animal model. JF - International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery AU - Kobayashi, E AU - Ishihara, O AU - Mataga, I AD - Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery II, School of Dentistry at Niigata, The Nippon Dental University, Niigata City, Japan. eizabu@ngt.ndu.ac.jp Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - September 2005 SP - 659 EP - 667 VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0901-5027, 0901-5027 KW - Dental Implants KW - 0 KW - Fluorescent Dyes KW - Dentistry KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Tibia -- blood supply KW - Implants, Experimental -- adverse effects KW - Microradiography KW - Dogs KW - Osseointegration -- physiology KW - Time Factors KW - Osteotomy -- adverse effects KW - Male KW - Bone Transplantation KW - Graft Survival KW - Bone and Bones -- blood supply KW - Dental Implants -- adverse effects KW - Dental Implantation, Endosseous -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68429433?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+oral+and+maxillofacial+surgery&rft.atitle=Effects+of+the+placement+of+endosseous+implants+in+vascularized+bone+grafts+on+bone+union+in+beagle+dogs.&rft.au=Kobayashi%2C+E%3BIshihara%2C+O%3BMataga%2C+I&rft.aulast=Kobayashi&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=659&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+oral+and+maxillofacial+surgery&rft.issn=09015027&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-08 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Workers and the Socialist State: North Vietnam's State -- Labor Relations, 1945-1970 AN - 59704406; 200612577 AB - Based on archival sources, this paper examines North Vietnam's labor regimes during 1945-1970. Soviet & Chinese models are found to be influential there up to the late 1950s. An early emphasis on labor mobilization was gradually replaced by a concern for control to increase economic efficiency & to cope with pressures from workers. As in the Soviet Union & China, a hierarchy based on political criteria was created in the workplace but the state failed to motivate workers to work hard despite intense political campaigns & propaganda. Productivity & labor discipline declined in the 1960s while collusion between state enterprises & the informal sector to steal state resources was widespread. Similar to their counterparts in other socialist states, Vietnamese workers were assertive & able to evade state demands & control. They depended on the state for their food & clothes but the state was not able to count on them for quality labor. The failure of the Vietnamese state seemed to speak not only to workers' ingenious strategies for survival but also to the inherent limit of Stalinist regimes in creating compliance. References. [Copyright 2005 The Regents of the University of California; published by Elsevier Ltd.] JF - Communist and Post-Communist Studies AU - Vu, Tuong AD - School International Graduate Studies, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA thvu@nps.edu Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - September 2005 SP - 329 EP - 356 PB - Elsevier Science, Amsterdam The Netherlands VL - 38 IS - 3 SN - 0967-067X, 0967-067X KW - Workers KW - Socialist state KW - Vietnam KW - State-labor relations KW - Labor politics KW - Communism KW - Labor Policy KW - Labor Relations KW - article KW - 9221: politics and society; politics and society UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59704406?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Communist+and+Post-Communist+Studies&rft.atitle=Workers+and+the+Socialist+State%3A+North+Vietnam%27s+State+--+Labor+Relations%2C+1945-1970&rft.au=Vu%2C+Tuong&rft.aulast=Vu&rft.aufirst=Tuong&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=329&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Communist+and+Post-Communist+Studies&rft.issn=0967067X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.postcomstud.2005.06.004 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 117 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vietnam; Communism; Labor Policy; Labor Relations; Workers DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2005.06.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Get ready for the new ISBN. AN - 57648604; 416906 AB - Gives the background to the need for and introduction of an international numbering system for books, and describes the original ISBN established by ISO 2108 in 1970. This was revised in 1978, 1992 and 2001. Explains the current system, why further revision was needed, and gives details of the latest version due to be implemented in Jan 2007. The new ISBN will have 13 digits instead of 10. Considers the impact of the changes on library procedures and the publishing trade. JF - Pakistan Library & Information Science Journal AU - Kousar, Mamoona AD - Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - September 2005 SP - 3 EP - 9 PB - Library Promotion Bureau VL - 36 IS - 3 SN - 0030-9956, 0030-9956 KW - ISBN KW - Books KW - Publishing KW - ISO 2107 KW - 16.16: PUBLISHING UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57648604?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pakistan+Library+%26+Information+Science+Journal&rft.atitle=Get+ready+for+the+new+ISBN.&rft.au=Kousar%2C+Mamoona&rft.aulast=Kousar&rft.aufirst=Mamoona&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pakistan+Library+%26+Information+Science+Journal&rft.issn=00309956&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA) N1 - Date revised - 2006-07-20 N1 - Document feature - refs. N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Publishing; Books; ISBN; ISO 2107 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - China and East Asia AN - 38194329; 2978337 JF - Current history AU - Heginbotham, Eric AU - Twomey, Christopher P AU - Gries, Peter Hays AU - Sun, Yan AU - Eichengreen, Barry AU - Hussain, Athar AU - Hanser, Amy AU - Economy, Elizabeth AU - Kurlantzick, Joshua AU - Scobell, Andrew AU - Chambers, Michael R AU - Tiwari, Chitra AD - Council on Foreign Relations ; Naval Postgraduate School ; University of Colorado ; City University of New York ; University of California ; London School of Economics and Political Science ; University of British Columbia ; Carnegie Endowment for International Peace ; US Army War College ; Indiana State University ; Nepal's Tribhuvan University Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - Sep 2005 SP - 243 EP - 304 VL - 104 IS - 683 SN - 0011-3530, 0011-3530 KW - Political Science KW - Macao KW - Environmental degradation KW - Central banks KW - Multilateralism KW - Hong Kong KW - Corruption KW - Balance of power KW - Consumer society KW - Asia KW - Volatility KW - Populism KW - Capital market KW - U.S.A. KW - Exchange rates KW - Decentralization KW - Rogue states KW - Class struggle KW - Internet KW - Unemployment KW - Neoliberalism KW - Revolution KW - Financial policy KW - Nuclear weapons KW - North Korea KW - Realism KW - Nationalism KW - Regional security KW - Nepal KW - National security KW - Unilateralism KW - Currencies KW - Imperialism KW - History KW - Social security KW - Nuclear proliferation KW - Inequality KW - Political protest KW - Welfare KW - Competition KW - China KW - Pollution KW - Economic reform KW - Political reform KW - Market economy KW - State-society relations KW - Economic growth KW - Urban poverty KW - Digital technology KW - Gambling KW - Postcolonial government KW - Maoism KW - Japan UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/38194329?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+history&rft.atitle=China+and+East+Asia&rft.au=Heginbotham%2C+Eric%3BTwomey%2C+Christopher+P%3BGries%2C+Peter+Hays%3BSun%2C+Yan%3BEichengreen%2C+Barry%3BHussain%2C+Athar%3BHanser%2C+Amy%3BEconomy%2C+Elizabeth%3BKurlantzick%2C+Joshua%3BScobell%2C+Andrew%3BChambers%2C+Michael+R%3BTiwari%2C+Chitra&rft.aulast=Heginbotham&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=683&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+history&rft.issn=00113530&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Collection of 10 articles N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5889; 10640 6788 9798; 1441 9754 9965; 8528; 8361 9680; 13107 9680; 10731; 8536; 3557 12622; 6813 6518; 9884 9680; 12214 12168 9008 12092 9720 6590 11979; 6241 5200 5574 10472; 2909; 3939; 9763 9653 10691; 8620 7371 9713 6203; 3989 10691; 2649; 7718 4018; 4587; 4945 5001 3977 5574 10472; 1983 7711; 2113 1477 4930 6590; 13349 13078; 3217 8235; 11923 11949 13521; 13521; 13188 9962; 13092; 2799 11979; 3316 9653; 2346 2330 2698 11881; 6489; 4314 4313 4309; 9818; 9760; 9939 5551; 5401 7336 3198; 11098 12168 9008 12092 9720 6590; 8782 13504 13501 1304 7805 3198 1077; 11002; 7671 2595 9713 6203; 8772; 433 293 14; 30; 93 116 30; 191 300 30; 296 300 30; 274 387 30; 169 93 116 30 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - America's Bismarckian Asia policy AN - 38194319; 2978299 JF - Current history AU - Heginbotham, Eric AU - Twomey, Christopher P AD - Council on Foreign Relations ; Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - Sep 2005 SP - 243 EP - 250 VL - 104 IS - 683 SN - 0011-3530, 0011-3530 KW - Political Science KW - Unilateralism KW - Multilateralism KW - Balance of power KW - History KW - Militarism KW - Realism KW - Asia KW - U.S.A. KW - Regional security KW - Nationalism KW - National security UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/38194319?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+history&rft.atitle=America%27s+Bismarckian+Asia+policy&rft.au=Heginbotham%2C+Eric%3BTwomey%2C+Christopher+P&rft.aulast=Heginbotham&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=683&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+history&rft.issn=00113530&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5889; 10640 6788 9798; 1441 9754 9965; 8528; 8361 9680; 13107 9680; 8536; 8048 9680; 10731; 433 293 14; 30 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A weak pillar for American national security: the CIA's dismal performance against WMD threats AN - 37724174; 3258172 AB - American preemptive or preventive military action against WMD-armed adversaries in the future will simply not be feasible without high-quality and timely intelligence. But is American intelligence up to this load-bearing task for the post-11 September national security? This article surveys the Central Intelligence Agency's record of gauging potential WMD threats for more than a decade and assesses its overall performance as dismal. The CIA's recent intelligence debacle against Iraq was one of the greatest in a long series of failures that has publicly exposed the Agency's profound weaknesses. These intelligence failures were due in large measure to the CIA's poor human intelligence collection and shoddy analysis, areas that cannot be remedied alone by the creation of the new Director of National Intelligence post. This article recommends steps needed to increase the quality of intelligence produced by CIA, or elsewhere in the new intelligence community, to move American intelligence in lockstep with military transformation to give the Commander-in-Chief realistic options for countering hostile nation-states or terrorist groups seeking or acquiring WMD. Reprinted by permission of Frank Cass & Co. Ltd. JF - Intelligence and national security AU - Russell, Richard L AD - National Defense University Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - Sep 2005 SP - 466 EP - 485 VL - 20 IS - 3 SN - 0268-4527, 0268-4527 KW - Political Science KW - Information acquisition KW - CIA KW - Conflict resolution KW - U.S.A. KW - Military intervention KW - National security KW - International relations KW - Strategic planning KW - Intelligence services KW - Transnational terrorism KW - Prevention KW - Weapons of mass destruction UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/37724174?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Intelligence+and+national+security&rft.atitle=A+weak+pillar+for+American+national+security%3A+the+CIA%27s+dismal+performance+against+WMD+threats&rft.au=Russell%2C+Richard+L&rft.aulast=Russell&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=466&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Intelligence+and+national+security&rft.issn=02684527&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F02684520500268954 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 1907 6610 10484; 8069 1259 2698 12749 2703 6828 7869 5200 5574 10472; 10072; 6610 10484; 8528; 13504 13501 1304 7805 3198 1077; 6516; 12305 9560; 2703 2698; 12932 12686 13325; 6784; 433 293 14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02684520500268954 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cytotoxic Necrotizing Factor Type 1 Production by Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Modulates Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Function AN - 20123616; 6517579 AB - Many strains of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) produce cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 1 (CNF1), a toxin that constitutively activates the Rho GTPases RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42. We previously showed that CNF1 contributes to the virulence of UPEC in a mouse model of ascending urinary tract infection and a rat model of acute prostatitis and that a striking feature of the histopathology of the mouse bladders and rat prostates infected with CNF1-positive strains is an elevation in levels of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). We also found that CNF1 synthesis leads to prolonged survival of UPEC in association with human neutrophils. Here, we tested the hypothesis that CNF1 production by UPEC diminishes the antimicrobial capacity of mouse PMNs by affecting phagocyte function through targeting Rho family GTPases that are critical to phagocytosis and the generation of reactive oxygen species. We found that, as with human neutrophils, CNF1 synthesis provided a survival advantage to UPEC incubated with mouse PMNs. We also observed that CNF1-positive UPEC down-regulated phagocytosis, altered the distribution of the complement receptor CR3 (CD11b/CD18), enhanced the intracellular respiratory burst, and increased levels of Rac2 activation in PMNs. From these results, we conclude that modulation of PMN function by CNF1 facilitates UPEC survival during the acute inflammatory response. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Davis, Jon M AU - Rasmussen, Susan B AU - O'Brien, Alison D AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799 Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - Sep 2005 SP - 5301 EP - 5310 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 73 IS - 9 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Cell survival KW - Rac1 protein KW - Leukocytes (polymorphonuclear) KW - Animal models KW - Urinary tract KW - Infection KW - CD18 antigen KW - RhoA protein KW - Rac2 protein KW - Virulence KW - Prostatitis KW - Respiratory burst KW - Reactive oxygen species KW - Phagocytes KW - Escherichia coli KW - Phagocytosis KW - Complement receptors KW - Urinary bladder KW - Leukocytes (neutrophilic) KW - Cdc42 protein KW - Toxins KW - Inflammation KW - Antimicrobial agents KW - CD11b antigen KW - Cytotoxic necrotizing factor KW - Complement activation KW - Prostate KW - Guanosinetriphosphatase KW - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials KW - F 06106:Bacteria KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20123616?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Cytotoxic+Necrotizing+Factor+Type+1+Production+by+Uropathogenic+Escherichia+coli+Modulates+Polymorphonuclear+Leukocyte+Function&rft.au=Davis%2C+Jon+M%3BRasmussen%2C+Susan+B%3BO%27Brien%2C+Alison+D&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=5301&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cell survival; Leukocytes (polymorphonuclear); Rac1 protein; Animal models; Urinary tract; Infection; CD18 antigen; RhoA protein; Prostatitis; Virulence; Rac2 protein; Respiratory burst; Reactive oxygen species; Phagocytes; Phagocytosis; Complement receptors; Urinary bladder; Leukocytes (neutrophilic); Cdc42 protein; Toxins; Antimicrobial agents; Inflammation; Cytotoxic necrotizing factor; CD11b antigen; Complement activation; Prostate; Guanosinetriphosphatase; Escherichia coli ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of interlaboratory variability on antimicrobial susceptibility determination AN - 19881366; 7583613 AB - In the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test literature, discussion concerning the effect of laboratory-to-laboratory variation is lacking. We present 2 sets of drug dilution test quality control data that illustrate considerable laboratory differences in measured MIC. In both isolates (Escherichia coli, ATCC 25922; Staphylococcus aureus, ATCC 29213) the laboratory-to-laboratory variability accounts for approximately half of the total variability. We illustrate the impact of this variability on the probability of correctly classifying the susceptibility level of an isolate and on the estimation of resistance prevalence. For example, we show that laboratory differences in the probability of correctly classifying the isolate (specifically near the lower breakpoint) can vary up to 80%. JF - Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease AU - Annis, David H AU - Craig, Bruce A AD - Operations Research Department, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA 93943-5219, USA, annis@nps.edu Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - Sep 2005 SP - 61 EP - 64 PB - Elsevier Science Inc., Box 882 New York NY 10159 USA, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com] VL - 53 IS - 1 SN - 0732-8893, 0732-8893 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Interlaboratory variability KW - Antimicrobial susceptibility determination KW - Escherichia coli KW - Staphylococcus aureus KW - Breakpoints KW - Data processing KW - Quality control KW - Dilution tests KW - Minimum inhibitory concentration KW - Drugs KW - Antimicrobial agents KW - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials KW - J 02340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19881366?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Diagnostic+Microbiology+and+Infectious+Disease&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+interlaboratory+variability+on+antimicrobial+susceptibility+determination&rft.au=Annis%2C+David+H%3BCraig%2C+Bruce+A&rft.aulast=Annis&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Diagnostic+Microbiology+and+Infectious+Disease&rft.issn=07328893&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.diagmicrobio.2005.03.012 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Breakpoints; Data processing; Quality control; Dilution tests; Drugs; Minimum inhibitory concentration; Antimicrobial agents; Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2005.03.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In Vivo Humoral Immune Responses to Isolated Pneumococcal Polysaccharides Are Dependent on the Presence of Associated TLR Ligands AN - 17653619; 6518661 AB - We determined whether T cell-independent Ig isotype responses to isolated pneumococcal polysaccharides (PPS) required TLR signaling in vivo. IgG anti-PPS responses to PPS3, PPS14, and C-polysaccharide (C-PS) were virtually undetectable in TLR2 super(-/-) mice, whereas specific IgM induction was variably reduced compared with wild-type mice. All PPS-containing preparations induced IL-6 and TNF- alpha from wild-type, but not TLR2 super(-/-), macrophages. TLR2 activity was distinct from that of PPS, in that it was phenol extractable. Immunization of wild-type mice with phenol-extracted PPS14 also resulted in a marked reduction in the IgG, although not the IgM-anti-PPS14, response compared with untreated PPS14. The commercial 23-valent PPS vaccine, Pneumovax-23 also contained TLR ligands (TLR2 and TLR4), which were absolutely critical for the IgG-inducing activity of the vaccine in mice. Finally, the commercial pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, Prevnar, contained a TLR2 ligand(s) that substantially enhanced both the primary and secondary anti-PPS responses in mice, especially the type 1 IgG isotypes. These data strongly suggest the absolute need for a distinct, TLR-dependent second signal for inducing in vivo IgG T cell-independent humoral immune responses to isolated pneumococcal polysaccharide Ags and highlight the potential importance of previously unappreciated copurified and/or contaminating TLR ligands in PPS vaccine preparations. JF - Journal of Immunology AU - Sen, Goutam AU - Khan, Abdul Q AU - Chen, Quanyi AU - Snapper, Clifford M AD - Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814 Y1 - 2005/09/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Sep 01 SP - 3084 EP - 3091 PB - American Association of Immunologists, 9650 Rockville Pike Bethesda MD 20814-3998 USA, [URL:http://www.jimmunol.org/] VL - 175 IS - 5 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms KW - F 06100:Vaccines - active immunity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17653619?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Immunology&rft.atitle=In+Vivo+Humoral+Immune+Responses+to+Isolated+Pneumococcal+Polysaccharides+Are+Dependent+on+the+Presence+of+Associated+TLR+Ligands&rft.au=Sen%2C+Goutam%3BKhan%2C+Abdul+Q%3BChen%2C+Quanyi%3BSnapper%2C+Clifford+M&rft.aulast=Sen&rft.aufirst=Goutam&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=175&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=3084&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Immunology&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial patterns of cadmium and lead deposition on and adjacent to National Park Service lands in the vicinity of Red Dog Mine, Alaska AN - 17475546; 6676817 AB - Heavy metal escapement associated with ore trucks is known to occur along the DeLong Mountain Regional Transportation System (DMTS) haul road corridor in Cape Krusenstern National Monument, northwest Alaska. Heavy metal concentrations in Hylocomium splendens moss (n = 226) were used in geostatistical models to predict the extent and pattern of atmospheric deposition of Cd and Pb on Monument lands. A stratified grid-based sample design was used with more intensive sampling near mine-related activity areas. Spatial predictions were used to produce maps of concentration patterns, and to estimate the total area in 10 moss concentration categories. Heavy metal levels in moss were highest immediately adjacent to the DMTS haul road (Cd > 24 mg/kg dw; Pb > 900 mg/kg dw). Spatial regression analyses indicated that heavy metal deposition decreased with the log of distance from the DMTS haul road and the DMTS port site. Analysis of subsurface soil suggested that observed patterns of heavy metal deposition reflected in moss were not attributable to subsurface lithology at the sample points. Further, moss Pb concentrations throughout the northern half of the study area were high relative to concentrations previously reported from other Arctic Alaska sites. Collectively, these findings indicate the presence of mine-related heavy metal deposition throughout the northern portion of Cape Krusenstern National Monument. Geospatial analyses suggest that the Pb depositional area extends 25 km north of the haul road to the Kisimilot/Iyikrok hills, and possibly beyond. More study is needed to determine whether higher moss heavy metal concentrations in the northernmost portion of the study area reflect deposition from mining-related activities, weathering from mineralized Pb/Zn outcrops in the broader region, or a combination of the two. South of the DMTS haul road, airborne deposition appears to be constrained by the Tahinichok Mountains. Heavy metal levels continue to diminish south of the mountains, reaching a minimum in the southernmost portion of the study area near the Igichuk Hills (45 km from the haul road). The influence of the mine site was not studied. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Hasselbach, L AU - Hoef, JMVer AU - Ford, J AU - Neitlich, P AU - Crecelius, E AU - Berryman, S AU - Wolk, B AU - Bohle, T AD - National Park Service, P.O. Box 1029, Kotzebue, AK 99752, USA, linda_hasselbach@nps.gov Y1 - 2005/09// PY - 2005 DA - Sep 2005 SP - 211 EP - 230 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 348 IS - 1-3 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - USA, Alaska KW - Hylocomium splendens KW - Heavy metals KW - National parks KW - Mines KW - Polar environments KW - Lead KW - Mountains KW - Air pollution KW - Pollutant deposition KW - Transportation KW - Cadmium KW - Arctic KW - Highways KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17475546?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Spatial+patterns+of+cadmium+and+lead+deposition+on+and+adjacent+to+National+Park+Service+lands+in+the+vicinity+of+Red+Dog+Mine%2C+Alaska&rft.au=Hasselbach%2C+L%3BHoef%2C+JMVer%3BFord%2C+J%3BNeitlich%2C+P%3BCrecelius%2C+E%3BBerryman%2C+S%3BWolk%2C+B%3BBohle%2C+T&rft.aulast=Hasselbach&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=348&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.scitotenv.2004.12.084 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Mountains; Pollutant deposition; Transportation; Heavy metals; National parks; Cadmium; Polar environments; Mines; Highways; Lead; Hylocomium splendens; USA, Alaska; Arctic DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.12.084 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stepholidine protects against H2O2 neurotoxicity in rat cortical neurons by activation of Akt. AN - 67935089; 15871910 AB - The fundamental pathological process(es) associated with schizophrenia (SZ) remain(s) uncertain, but multiple lines of evidence suggest that this condition is associated with excessive stimulation of striatal dopamine (DA) D2 receptors, deficient stimulation of medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) D1 receptors as well as neuronal apoptosis. Unlike typical antipsychotics, stepholidine (SPD), which is isolated from the Chinese herb stephania, has D1 and D2 dual properties and regulates neuronal cell differentiation and proliferation. It is unknown, however, whether it possesses a neuroprotective property. Here, we report that SPD prevented neuronal cell death from H2O2 exposure and increased the levels of phosphorylated Akt (pAkt), a serine/threonine protein kinase. The SPD-induced neuroprotection and activation of Akt were blocked by LY294002, a PI3-K inhibitor, suggesting that the anti-apoptotic action of SPD is mediated via the PI3-K/Akt signaling pathway. Thus, as a survival or anti-apoptotic factor for neuronal cells, SPD may contribute to the therapeutic action of SPD in SZ treatment. JF - Neuroscience letters AU - Zhang, Lei AU - Zhou, Rulun AU - Xiang, Guoqiang AD - Department of Psychiatry, USUHS, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. lezhang@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2005/08/05/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Aug 05 SP - 328 EP - 332 VL - 383 IS - 3 SN - 0304-3940, 0304-3940 KW - Chromones KW - 0 KW - Dopamine Antagonists KW - Enzyme Inhibitors KW - Morpholines KW - Neuroprotective Agents KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins KW - Berberine KW - 0I8Y3P32UF KW - stepholidine KW - 16562-13-3 KW - 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one KW - 31M2U1DVID KW - 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine KW - 67287-49-4 KW - Hydrogen Peroxide KW - BBX060AN9V KW - 1H-3-benzazepin-7-ol, 8-bromo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-methyl-5-phenyl- KW - D203LR7XUS KW - Akt1 protein, rat KW - EC 2.7.11.1 KW - Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt KW - Haloperidol KW - J6292F8L3D KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Dopamine Antagonists -- pharmacology KW - Morpholines -- pharmacology KW - Blotting, Western -- methods KW - Cell Death -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Chromones -- pharmacology KW - Cell Count -- methods KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Haloperidol -- pharmacology KW - Enzyme Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- drug effects KW - Time Factors KW - Hydrogen Peroxide -- toxicity KW - Berberine -- pharmacology KW - Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases -- metabolism KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Berberine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- metabolism KW - 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine -- analogs & derivatives KW - 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine -- pharmacology KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- physiology KW - Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases -- physiology KW - Prefrontal Cortex -- cytology KW - Neuroprotective Agents -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67935089?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuroscience+letters&rft.atitle=Stepholidine+protects+against+H2O2+neurotoxicity+in+rat+cortical+neurons+by+activation+of+Akt.&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Lei%3BZhou%2C+Rulun%3BXiang%2C+Guoqiang&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Lei&rft.date=2005-08-05&rft.volume=383&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=328&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuroscience+letters&rft.issn=03043940&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-09 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing the potential health impact of the 1991 Gulf War on Saudi Arabian National Guard soldiers. AN - 68450177; 15737976 AB - There has been considerable publicity that the 1991 Gulf War may have caused a wide array of health problems in military personnel. Although post-war health outcomes have been studied in US, British, Canadian, Danish, and other deployed troops, this issue has not been previously evaluated in coalition forces native to the Gulf region. A collaborative team of US and Saudi health researchers was assembled, data sources evaluated, and hospitalizations among Saudi Arabian National Guard (SANG) soldiers between 1991 and 1999 analysed. Multivariate modelling was used to evaluate differences between 8342 soldiers exposed to combat at Al Khafji and a comparison group of 7270 soldiers in the Riyadh area. Among 15 612 SANG soldiers, we identified 148 with at least one hospitalization over the 9 years following the war. The adjusted rate of hospitalization was higher in the combat-exposed group (risk ratio (RR) = 1.80, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25-2.59). No unusual patterns of diagnoses were found and, because the overall number of hospitalizations was low, the absolute difference in risk was found to be very small. This is the first reported epidemiological investigation of post-war hospitalizations among coalition forces native to the Gulf region that participated in the 1991 Gulf War. A very small increase in hospitalizations was identified in SANG soldiers exposed to combat at Al Khafji. However, because of data limitations, the clinical relevance of this finding should be interpreted with caution. Future collaborative studies to better understand the health effects of deployment should be encouraged. JF - International journal of epidemiology AU - Gackstetter, Gary D AU - Hooper, Tomoko I AU - Al Qahtani, Mohammed S AU - Smith, Tyler C AU - Memish, Ziad A AU - Schlangen, Karen M AU - Cruess, David F AU - Barrett, Drue H AU - Ryan, Margaret A K AU - Gray, Gregory C AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Room A1044, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA. ggackstetter@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - August 2005 SP - 801 EP - 808 VL - 34 IS - 4 SN - 0300-5771, 0300-5771 KW - Index Medicus KW - Veterans -- statistics & numerical data KW - Saudi Arabia -- epidemiology KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Occupational Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Proportional Hazards Models KW - Gulf War KW - Military Personnel KW - Persian Gulf Syndrome -- epidemiology KW - Occupational Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Hospitalization -- statistics & numerical data UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68450177?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Assessing+the+potential+health+impact+of+the+1991+Gulf+War+on+Saudi+Arabian+National+Guard+soldiers.&rft.au=Gackstetter%2C+Gary+D%3BHooper%2C+Tomoko+I%3BAl+Qahtani%2C+Mohammed+S%3BSmith%2C+Tyler+C%3BMemish%2C+Ziad+A%3BSchlangen%2C+Karen+M%3BCruess%2C+David+F%3BBarrett%2C+Drue+H%3BRyan%2C+Margaret+A+K%3BGray%2C+Gregory+C&rft.aulast=Gackstetter&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=801&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+epidemiology&rft.issn=03005771&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2008-01-07 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Int J Epidemiol. 2005 Aug;34(4):808-9 [15972305] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The excitoprotective effect of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors is mediated by a brain-derived neurotrophic factor autocrine loop in cultured hippocampal neurons. AN - 68060114; 16000165 AB - The neuroprotective effect and molecular mechanisms underlying preconditioning with N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) in cultured hippocampal neurons have not been described. Pre-incubation with subtoxic concentrations of the endogenous neurotransmitter glutamate protects vulnerable neurons against NMDA receptor-mediated excitotoxicity. As a result of physiological preconditioning, NMDA significantly antagonizes the neurotoxicity resulting from subsequent exposure to an excitotoxic concentration of glutamate. The protective effect of glutamate or NMDA is time- and concentration-dependent, suggesting that sufficient agonist and time are required to establish an intracellular neuroprotective state. In these cells, the TrkB ligand, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) attenuates glutamate toxicity. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that NMDA protects neurons via a BDNF-dependent mechanism. Exposure of hippocampal cultures to a neuroprotective concentration of NMDA (50 microM) evoked the release of BDNF within 2 min without attendant changes in BDNF protein or gene expression. The accumulated increase of BDNF in the medium is followed by an increase in the phosphorylation (activation) of TrkB receptors and a later increase in exon 4-specific BDNF mRNA. The neuroprotective effect of NMDA was attenuated by pre-incubation with a BDNF-blocking antibody and TrkB-IgG, a fusion protein known to inhibit the activity of extracellular BDNF, suggesting that BDNF plays a major role in NMDA-mediated survival. These results demonstrate that low level stimulation of NMDA receptors protect neurons against glutamate excitotoxicity via a BDNF autocrine loop in hippocampal neurons and suggest that activation of neurotrophin signaling pathways plays a key role in the neuroprotection of NMDA. JF - Journal of neurochemistry AU - Jiang, Xueying AU - Tian, Feng AU - Mearow, Karen AU - Okagaki, Peter AU - Lipsky, Robert H AU - Marini, Ann M AD - Department of Neurology and Division of Neuroscience, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA. Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - August 2005 SP - 713 EP - 722 VL - 94 IS - 3 SN - 0022-3042, 0022-3042 KW - Antibodies KW - 0 KW - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor KW - Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists KW - Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate KW - Glutamic Acid KW - 3KX376GY7L KW - Tyrosine KW - 42HK56048U KW - N-Methylaspartate KW - 6384-92-5 KW - Dizocilpine Maleate KW - 6LR8C1B66Q KW - 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione KW - 6OTE87SCCW KW - Receptor, trkB KW - EC 2.7.10.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Age Factors KW - Drug Interactions KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Receptor, trkB -- immunology KW - 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione -- pharmacology KW - Phosphorylation -- drug effects KW - Dizocilpine Maleate -- pharmacology KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Glutamic Acid -- toxicity KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - N-Methylaspartate -- pharmacology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Antibodies -- pharmacology KW - Receptor, trkB -- metabolism KW - Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists -- pharmacology KW - Tyrosine -- metabolism KW - Time Factors KW - Embryo, Mammalian KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate -- physiology KW - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor -- pharmacology KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Hippocampus -- cytology KW - Neurons -- physiology KW - Autocrine Communication -- drug effects KW - Autocrine Communication -- physiology KW - Hippocampus -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68060114?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+neurochemistry&rft.atitle=The+excitoprotective+effect+of+N-methyl-D-aspartate+receptors+is+mediated+by+a+brain-derived+neurotrophic+factor+autocrine+loop+in+cultured+hippocampal+neurons.&rft.au=Jiang%2C+Xueying%3BTian%2C+Feng%3BMearow%2C+Karen%3BOkagaki%2C+Peter%3BLipsky%2C+Robert+H%3BMarini%2C+Ann+M&rft.aulast=Jiang&rft.aufirst=Xueying&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=94&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=713&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+neurochemistry&rft.issn=00223042&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-09-19 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Activation of NK1 receptor of trigeminal root ganglion via substance P paracrine mechanism contributes to the mechanical allodynia in the temporomandibular joint inflammation in rats. AN - 68021249; 15985331 AB - The aim of this study was to investigate whether under in vivo conditions, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) inflammation alters the excitability of Abeta-trigeminal root ganglion (TRG) neuronal activity innervating the facial skin by using extracellular electrophysiological recording with multibarrel-electrodes. Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) was injected into the rat TMJ. Threshold for escape from mechanical stimulation applied to the whisker pad area in inflamed rats (2 days) was significantly lower than that in control rats. A total of 36 Abeta-TRG neurons responding to electrical stimulation of the whisker pad was recorded in pentobarbital-anesthetized rats. The number of Abeta-TRG neurons with spontaneous firings and their firing rate in TMJ inflamed rats were significantly larger than those in control rats. The firing rates of their spontaneous activity in the Abeta-TRG neurons were current-dependently decreased by local iontophoretic application of an NK1 receptor antagonist (L-703,606) in inflamed, but not non-inflamed rats. Their spontaneous activities were current-dependently increased by local iontophoretic application of substance P (SP) in control and inflamed rats. The mechanical response threshold of Abeta-TRG neurons in inflamed rats was significantly lower than that in control rats. The mechanical response threshold in inflamed rats after iontophoretic application of L-703,606 was not different from that in control rats. These results suggest that TMJ inflammation modulate the excitability of Abeta-TRG neurons innervating the facial skin via paracrine mechanism due to SP released from TRG neuronal cell body. Such a SP release may play an important role in determining the trigeminal inflammatory allodynia concerning the temporomandibular disorder. JF - Pain AU - Takeda, Mamoru AU - Tanimoto, Takeshi AU - Nasu, Masanori AU - Ikeda, Mizuho AU - Kadoi, Jun AU - Matsumoto, Shigeji AD - Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry at Tokyo, Nippon Dental University, Tokyo,102-8159, Japan. m-takeda@tokyo.ndu.ac.jp Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - August 2005 SP - 375 EP - 385 VL - 116 IS - 3 SN - 0304-3959, 0304-3959 KW - Quinuclidines KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Neurokinin-1 KW - L 703606 KW - 144425-84-3 KW - Substance P KW - 33507-63-0 KW - Freund's Adjuvant KW - 9007-81-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Action Potentials -- physiology KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Cell Count KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Neural Conduction -- drug effects KW - Neural Conduction -- radiation effects KW - Action Potentials -- drug effects KW - Escape Reaction -- drug effects KW - Paracrine Communication -- physiology KW - Models, Biological KW - Behavior, Animal KW - Rats KW - Neural Conduction -- physiology KW - Physical Stimulation -- methods KW - Quinuclidines -- pharmacology KW - Pain Threshold -- drug effects KW - Rats, Wistar KW - Escape Reaction -- physiology KW - Paracrine Communication -- drug effects KW - Pain Threshold -- physiology KW - Functional Laterality -- physiology KW - Male KW - Temporomandibular Joint Disorders -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Neurokinin-1 -- physiology KW - Temporomandibular Joint Disorders -- complications KW - Trigeminal Ganglion -- pathology KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Temporomandibular Joint Disorders -- physiopathology KW - Substance P -- metabolism KW - Nociceptors -- metabolism KW - Neurons -- physiology KW - Temporomandibular Joint Disorders -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68021249?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pain&rft.atitle=Activation+of+NK1+receptor+of+trigeminal+root+ganglion+via+substance+P+paracrine+mechanism+contributes+to+the+mechanical+allodynia+in+the+temporomandibular+joint+inflammation+in+rats.&rft.au=Takeda%2C+Mamoru%3BTanimoto%2C+Takeshi%3BNasu%2C+Masanori%3BIkeda%2C+Mizuho%3BKadoi%2C+Jun%3BMatsumoto%2C+Shigeji&rft.aulast=Takeda&rft.aufirst=Mamoru&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=375&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pain&rft.issn=03043959&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-11 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Increased reactive oxygen species contribute to high NaCl-induced activation of the osmoregulatory transcription factor TonEBP/OREBP. AN - 68012610; 15769933 AB - The signaling pathways leading to high NaCl-induced activation of the transcription factor tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein/osmotic response element binding protein (TonEBP/OREBP) remain incompletely understood. High NaCl has been reported to produce oxidative stress. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are a component of oxidative stress, contribute to regulation of transcription factors. The present study was undertaken to test whether the high NaCl-induced increase in ROS contributes to tonicity-dependent activation of TonEBP/OREBP. Human embryonic kidney 293 cells were used as a model. We find that raising NaCl increases ROS, including superoxide. N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an antioxidant, and MnTBAP, an inhibitor of superoxide, reduce high NaCl-induced superoxide activity and suppress both high NaCl-induced increase in TonEBP/OREBP transcriptional activity and high NaCl-induced increase in expression of BGT1mRNA, a transcriptional target of TonEBP/OREBP. Catalase, which decomposes hydrogen peroxide, does not have these effects, whether applied exogenously or overexpressed within the cells. Furthermore, NAC and MnTBAP, but not catalase, blunt high NaCl-induced increase in TonEBP/OREBP transactivation. N(G)-monomethyl-l-arginine, a general inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, has no significant effect on either high NaCl-induced increase in superoxide or TonEBP/OREBP transcriptional activity, suggesting that the effects of ROS do not involve nitric oxide. Ouabain, an inhibitor of Na-K-ATPase, attenuates high NaCl-induced superoxide activity and inhibits TonEBP/OREBP transcriptional activity. We conclude that the high NaCl-induced increase in ROS, including superoxide, contributes to activation of TonEBP/OREBP by increasing its transactivation. JF - American journal of physiology. Renal physiology AU - Zhou, Xiaoming AU - Ferraris, Joan D AU - Cai, Qi AU - Agarwal, Anupam AU - Burg, Maurice B AD - Division of Nephrology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - August 2005 SP - F377 EP - F385 VL - 289 IS - 2 SN - 1931-857X, 1931-857X KW - Carrier Proteins KW - 0 KW - Enzyme Inhibitors KW - NFAT5 protein, human KW - Oxidants KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Reactive Oxygen Species KW - Transcription Factors KW - Superoxides KW - 11062-77-4 KW - betaine plasma membrane transport proteins KW - 146313-33-9 KW - Sodium Chloride KW - 451W47IQ8X KW - Ouabain KW - 5ACL011P69 KW - Catalase KW - EC 1.11.1.6 KW - Nitric Oxide Synthase KW - EC 1.14.13.39 KW - NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester KW - V55S2QJN2X KW - Index Medicus KW - NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester -- pharmacology KW - Carrier Proteins -- genetics KW - Humans KW - Transcriptional Activation -- drug effects KW - Carrier Proteins -- biosynthesis KW - Catalase -- metabolism KW - Superoxides -- metabolism KW - RNA, Messenger -- metabolism KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Nitric Oxide Synthase -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Transcriptional Activation -- genetics KW - Enzyme Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Oxidants -- metabolism KW - Ouabain -- pharmacology KW - Cell Line KW - Transcription Factors -- physiology KW - Reactive Oxygen Species -- metabolism KW - Sodium Chloride -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Water-Electrolyte Balance -- drug effects KW - Water-Electrolyte Balance -- genetics KW - Transcription Factors -- genetics KW - Sodium Chloride -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68012610?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+physiology.+Renal+physiology&rft.atitle=Increased+reactive+oxygen+species+contribute+to+high+NaCl-induced+activation+of+the+osmoregulatory+transcription+factor+TonEBP%2FOREBP.&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Xiaoming%3BFerraris%2C+Joan+D%3BCai%2C+Qi%3BAgarwal%2C+Anupam%3BBurg%2C+Maurice+B&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Xiaoming&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=289&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=F377&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+physiology.+Renal+physiology&rft.issn=1931857X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-17 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Desferal inhibits breast tumor growth and does not interfere with the tumoricidal activity of doxorubicin. AN - 67995957; 15993339 AB - Desferal is a clinically approved iron chelator used to treat iron overload. Doxorubicin is an anthracycline cancer chemotherapy drug used in the treatment of breast cancer. It can undergo redox cycling in the presence of iron to produce reactive oxygen species. The oxidant-generating activity of doxorubicin is thought to be responsible for the cardiotoxic side effects of the drug, but it is unclear whether it is also required for its anti-tumor activity. To test whether an iron-chelating antioxidant would interfere with the tumor-killing activity of doxorubicin, nude mice were transplanted with xenografts of human breast cancer MDA-MB 231 cells and then treated with doxorubicin and/or desferal. Not only did desferal not interfere with the anti-tumor activity of doxorubicin, it inhibited tumor growth on its own. In vitro studies confirmed that desferal inhibits breast tumor growth. However, it did not induce apoptosis, nor did it induce cell cycle arrest. Instead, desferal caused cytostasis, apparently through iron depletion. The cytostatic activity of desferal was partially ameliorated by pretreatment with iron-saturated transferrin, and transferrin receptor expression on breast cancer cells nearly doubled after exposure to desferal. In contrast to its effect on tumor cells, desferal did not inhibit growth of normal breast epithelial cells. The data indicate that the anti-tumor activity of doxorubicin is not dependent on iron-mediated ROS production. Furthermore, desferal may have utility as an adjunctive chemotherapy due to its ability to inhibit breast tumor growth and cardiotoxic side effects without compromising the tumor-killing activity of an anthracycline chemotherapy drug. JF - Free radical biology & medicine AU - Hoke, Eileen M AU - Maylock, Caroline A AU - Shacter, Emily AD - Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20815, USA. Y1 - 2005/08/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Aug 01 SP - 403 EP - 411 VL - 39 IS - 3 SN - 0891-5849, 0891-5849 KW - Antibiotics, Antineoplastic KW - 0 KW - Iron Chelating Agents KW - Receptors, Transferrin KW - Doxorubicin KW - 80168379AG KW - Deferoxamine KW - J06Y7MXW4D KW - Index Medicus KW - Neoplasm Transplantation KW - Cell Proliferation -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Humans KW - Apoptosis -- physiology KW - Apoptosis -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Cell Line, Tumor KW - Receptors, Transferrin -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Receptors, Transferrin -- metabolism KW - Breast Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Deferoxamine -- pharmacology KW - Doxorubicin -- pharmacology KW - Antibiotics, Antineoplastic -- pharmacology KW - Iron Chelating Agents -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67995957?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Free+radical+biology+%26+medicine&rft.atitle=Desferal+inhibits+breast+tumor+growth+and+does+not+interfere+with+the+tumoricidal+activity+of+doxorubicin.&rft.au=Hoke%2C+Eileen+M%3BMaylock%2C+Caroline+A%3BShacter%2C+Emily&rft.aulast=Hoke&rft.aufirst=Eileen&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=403&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Free+radical+biology+%26+medicine&rft.issn=08915849&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-12 N1 - Date created - 2005-07-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Politics with Guns: A Response to T. X. Hammes AN - 59687220; 200600664 AB - Part of a symposium on Thomas X. Hammes's "War Evolves into the Fourth Generation" (2005) addresses why US military professionals find the prospect of fourth- or fifth-generation warfare so disturbing. In addition, it is argued that Hammes exaggerates the novelty of fourth-generation warfare (4GW) & its effectiveness against more conventional militaries. A Clausewitzian conception of war indicates that Hammes has overestimated the military & political strength of 4GW fighters, eg, al Qaeda, by taking their effectiveness as a constant in war, which is fluid. Further, 4GW warriors have not always transformed operational success (eg, 9/11) into political success. The notion of fifth-generation warfare (5GW) is then considered, arguing that while potentially devastating, they too will have trouble translating spectacular operational success into sustained political result. That said, it is concluded that 4GW warriors are troubling not so much for being better soldiers than professional armies, but for being better politicians. Adapted from the source document. JF - Contemporary Security Policy AU - Wirtz, James J AD - Dept National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - August 2005 SP - 222 EP - 226 VL - 26 IS - 2 SN - 1352-3260, 1352-3260 KW - fourth-generation warfare KW - Military Strategy KW - Terrorism KW - Paramilitary Forces KW - War KW - Rebellions KW - Armed Forces KW - Guerrillas KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59687220?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Contemporary+Security+Policy&rft.atitle=Politics+with+Guns%3A+A+Response+to+T.+X.+Hammes&rft.au=Wirtz%2C+James+J&rft.aulast=Wirtz&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=222&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Contemporary+Security+Policy&rft.issn=13523260&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F13523260500190526 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - CNSPEG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - War; Armed Forces; Paramilitary Forces; Terrorism; Rebellions; Military Strategy; Guerrillas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13523260500190526 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High abundance protein profiling of cystic fibrosis lung epithelial cells AN - 20859190; 6243359 AB - Protein profiles of cultured cystic fibrosis (CF) lung epithelial cells were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry (MS). The analysis gave rise to a protein map over the pI range of 4-7, and a molecular weight range of ca. 100-10 kDa. The map contains 194 identified proteins, which were detectable by silver stain. All silver stained features were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight MS of tryptic peptides. Some proteins were found to be represented by multiple features on the 2-D gel. Among the high abundance proteins identified were sets of proteins associated with inflammation, including the classical NF Kappa B, p65 (RelA) and NF Kappa B, p65 (RelB). We suggest that this composite atlas of the high abundance CF lung epithelial proteome will serve as a reference database for future studies of candidate CF drugs, validating different approaches to CFTR gene therapy, and analogous investigations of other types of human lung disorders. JF - Proteomics AU - Pollard, Harvey B AU - Ji, Xiao-duo AU - Jozwik, Catherine AU - Jacobowitz, David M AD - Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, and Institute for Molecular Medicine, Uniformed Services University School of Medicine, USUHS, Bethesda, MD, USA, dwj@helix.nih.gov Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - Aug 2005 SP - 2210 EP - 2226 PB - Wiley-VCH, Postfach 101161 Weinheim 69451 Germany, [mailto:info@wiley-vch.de], [URL:http://www.wiley-vch.de/publish/en/] VL - 5 IS - 8 SN - 1615-9853, 1615-9853 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Cystic fibrosis KW - Epithelial cells KW - Lung KW - Protein KW - Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis KW - RelB protein KW - Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator KW - Drug development KW - Stains KW - RelA protein KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Gel electrophoresis KW - Inflammation KW - Flight KW - Databases KW - Atlases KW - Molecular weight KW - Lasers KW - Tryptic peptides KW - proteomics KW - W 30900:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20859190?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proteomics&rft.atitle=High+abundance+protein+profiling+of+cystic+fibrosis+lung+epithelial+cells&rft.au=Pollard%2C+Harvey+B%3BJi%2C+Xiao-duo%3BJozwik%2C+Catherine%3BJacobowitz%2C+David+M&rft.aulast=Pollard&rft.aufirst=Harvey&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2210&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proteomics&rft.issn=16159853&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fpmic.200401120 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RelB protein; Epithelial cells; Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator; Drug development; Stains; RelA protein; Gel electrophoresis; Mass spectroscopy; Inflammation; Flight; Databases; Atlases; Lung; Molecular weight; Tryptic peptides; Lasers; proteomics; Cystic fibrosis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pmic.200401120 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recent Advances in Non-Competitive mGlu5 Receptor Antagonists and their Potential Therapeutic Applications AN - 20410563; 7658223 AB - Extensive research into the functions of glutamate and glutamate receptors in the central nervous system (CNS) has shown an essential role of metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors in normal brain functions, but also in neurological and psychiatric disorders. The precise functions of these receptors remain undefined, and progress toward understanding their functions has been hampered by the lack of selective ligands with appropriate pharmacokinetic properties. The Group I mGlu receptor, mGlu5, is well positioned to regulate and fine-tune neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission through its modulation of various signal transduction pathways and interactions with other transmitter systems. Therefore, the mGlu5 receptor may be an important therapeutic target for the treatment of disorders of the central nervous system. The discovery of MPEP 3, a non- competitive mGlu5 receptor antagonist, provided a potent, selective, systemically active tool compound for proof of concept studies in animal models of various disease states. These studies have led to greater understanding of possible therapeutic applications of mGlu5 receptor antagonists in recent years, suggesting their use in a number of disease states, including chronic pain, various psychiatric and neurological disorders, substance abuse and withdrawal, obesity and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Together, these findings have intensified efforts to find other non-competitive mGlu5 receptor antagonists and have led to the discovery of several second-generation compounds, a few of which are in preclinical evaluations. There have been several recent reviews on mGlu receptor. This article highlights recent efforts on the design, synthesis and development of novel, non-competitive mGlu5 receptor antagonists and studies to understand their in vitro mechanisms of action and in vivo pharmacological profiles. Emphasis is also given to recent advances in the potential therapeutic applications of noncompetitive mGlu5 receptor antagonists. JF - Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry AU - Slassi, Abdelmalik AU - Isaac, Methvin AU - Edwards, Louise AU - Minidis, Alexander AU - Wensbo, David AU - Mattsson, Jan AU - Nilsson, Karolina AU - Raboisson, Patrick AU - McLeod, Donald AU - Stormann, Thomas M AU - Hammerland, Lance G AU - Johnson, Edwin AD - NPS Pharmaceuticals Inc. 6850 Goreway Drive, Mississauga, ON, Canada, L4V 1V7. Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - Aug 2005 SP - 897 EP - 911 PB - Bentham Science Publishers B.V., P.O. Box 1673 Hilversum 1200 BR The Netherlands, [mailto:shidding@worldonline.nl], [URL:http://www.bentham.org] VL - 5 IS - 9 SN - 1568-0266, 1568-0266 KW - Biotechnology Research Abstracts (through 1992); CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - N3 11028:Neuropharmacology & toxicology KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20410563?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Topics+in+Medicinal+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Recent+Advances+in+Non-Competitive+mGlu5+Receptor+Antagonists+and+their+Potential+Therapeutic+Applications&rft.au=Slassi%2C+Abdelmalik%3BIsaac%2C+Methvin%3BEdwards%2C+Louise%3BMinidis%2C+Alexander%3BWensbo%2C+David%3BMattsson%2C+Jan%3BNilsson%2C+Karolina%3BRaboisson%2C+Patrick%3BMcLeod%2C+Donald%3BStormann%2C+Thomas+M%3BHammerland%2C+Lance+G%3BJohnson%2C+Edwin&rft.aulast=Slassi&rft.aufirst=Abdelmalik&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=897&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+Topics+in+Medicinal+Chemistry&rft.issn=15680266&rft_id=info:doi/10.2174%2F1568026054750236 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026054750236 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vascular flora of the Acadia National Park region, Maine AN - 19401096; 8693626 AB - We present a comprehensive vascular flora of the Acadia National Park region of Maine based on over 20 years of recent fieldwork and a compilation of historic records and vouchers. We documented 1135 taxa of vascular plants (1055 species, 448 genera in 110 families) in the Acadia National Park region: 1079 taxa from Mount Desert Island, 708 taxa from Isle au Haut, and 398 taxa from Schoodic Peninsula. Over 20% of the taxa in the catalogue are historic records and have not been documented in the study area since 1980. Forty-five taxa historically published as extant in the study area were misidentified and are therefore not included in the flora. Non-native taxa represent 25% of the regional flora, 24 of these are invasive. Fourteen taxa listed as endangered or threatened in Maine have been documented in the study area, 12 of which have been observed within the last 10 years. JF - Rhodora. Cambridge MA AU - Greene, Craig W AU - Gregory, Linda L AU - Mittelhauser, Glen H AU - Rooney, Sally C AU - Weber, Jill E AD - College of the Atlantic, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, linda_gregory@nps.gov Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - Aug 2005 SP - 117 EP - 185 PB - New England Botanical Club, Inc. VL - 107 IS - 930 SN - 0035-4902, 0035-4902 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Islands KW - Deserts KW - National parks KW - Plants KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19401096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rhodora.+Cambridge+MA&rft.atitle=Vascular+flora+of+the+Acadia+National+Park+region%2C+Maine&rft.au=Greene%2C+Craig+W%3BGregory%2C+Linda+L%3BMittelhauser%2C+Glen+H%3BRooney%2C+Sally+C%3BWeber%2C+Jill+E&rft.aulast=Greene&rft.aufirst=Craig&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=930&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rhodora.+Cambridge+MA&rft.issn=00354902&rft_id=info:doi/10.3119%2F04-10.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Islands; Deserts; Plants; National parks DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3119/04-10.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Dehydroepiandrosterone and Alprazolam on Hypothalamic-Pituitary Responses to Exercise AN - 17403665; 6518299 AB - CONTEXT: The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) is restrained by activation of gamma -amino-butyric acid receptors. Alprazolam (APZ) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) are purported to be gamma -amino-butyric acid agonists and antagonists, respectively. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to examine the effects of APZ and DHEA alone and in combination on HPA axis activity. DESIGN: This was a double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled study. SETTING: The study setting was the general community. PARTICIPANTS: Subjects consisted of 15 men (age, 20-45 yr) with a body mass index of 20-25 kg/m super(2). INTERVENTIONS: DHEA (100 mg/d) or placebo was given for 4 wk, followed by a 2-wk washout; participants ingested 0.5 mg APZ or placebo 10 and 2 h before high-intensity exercise. OUTCOME MEASURES: We measured basal and exercise-induced ACTH, arginine vasopressin (AVP), cortisol, DHEA, and GH responses. It was hypothesized that DHEA would enhance and APZ would blunt exercise-induced ACTH and cortisol release. RESULTS: DHEA significantly increased the AVP response to exercise (P < 0.01). APZ treatment significantly increased basal GH and blunted plasma cortisol, ACTH, AVP, and DHEA responses to exercise (P < 0.05). DHEA and APZ in combination significantly increased the GH response to exercise (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: DHEA may alter a subset of receptors involved in AVP release. Together DHEA and APZ may up-regulate GH during exercise by blunting a suppressive (HPA axis) and potentiating an excitatory (glutamate receptor) system. JF - Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism AU - Deuster, Patricia A AU - Faraday, Martha M AU - Chrousos, George P AU - Poth, Merrily A AD - Departments of Military and Emergency Medicine (P.A.D.), Medical and Clinical Psychology (M.M.F.), and Pediatrics (M.A.P.), Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences Y1 - 2005/08/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Aug 01 SP - 4777 EP - 4783 PB - Endocrine Society, 4350 East West Highway Suite 500 Bethesda MD 20814-4426 USA, [mailto:societyservices@endo-society.org], [URL:http://www.endo-society.org/] VL - 90 IS - 8 SN - 0021-972X, 0021-972X KW - Physical Education Index; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - Measurement KW - Hypothalamus KW - Growth hormone KW - Exercise physiology KW - Hydrocortisone KW - Men KW - Body mass KW - Dehydroepiandrosterone KW - Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis KW - Glutamic acid receptors KW - Clinical trials KW - Adrenocorticotropic hormone KW - Hormones KW - Antagonists KW - Physical training KW - Alprazolam KW - Argipressin KW - Body mass index KW - PE 090:Sports Medicine & Exercise Sport Science KW - N3 11009:Neuroendocrinology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17403665?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Endocrinology+and+Metabolism&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Dehydroepiandrosterone+and+Alprazolam+on+Hypothalamic-Pituitary+Responses+to+Exercise&rft.au=Deuster%2C+Patricia+A%3BFaraday%2C+Martha+M%3BChrousos%2C+George+P%3BPoth%2C+Merrily+A&rft.aulast=Deuster&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=4777&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Clinical+Endocrinology+and+Metabolism&rft.issn=0021972X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Physical Education Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Measurement; Exercise physiology; Men; Body mass; Hormones; Growth hormone; Hypothalamus; Hydrocortisone; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; Adrenocorticotropic hormone; Clinical trials; Glutamic acid receptors; Antagonists; Physical training; Alprazolam; Argipressin; Body mass index ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scrub Typhus Vaccine Candidate Kp r56 Induces Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses in Cynomolgus Monkeys AN - 17384899; 6476044 AB - A truncated recombinant 56-kDa outer membrane protein of the Karp strain of Orientia tsutsugamushi (Kp r56) was evaluated in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) for immunogenicity and safety as a vaccine candidate for the prevention of scrub typhus. This recombinant antigen induced strong humoral and cellular immune responses in two monkeys and was found to be well tolerated. Antigen-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG were produced to almost maximal levels within 1 week of a single immunization. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from vaccinated animals showed an induction of antigen-specific proliferation and gamma interferon production. The Kp r56 was not as efficient as infection with live organisms in preventing reinfection but was able to reduce the inflammation produced at the site of challenge. This report describes the results of the first systematic study of the immunogenicity of a recombinant scrub typhus vaccine candidate in a nonhuman primate model. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Chattopadhyay, Suchismita AU - Jiang, Ju AU - Chan, Teik-Chye AU - Manetz, TScott AU - Chao, Chien-Chung AU - Ching, Wei-Mei AU - Richards, Allen L AD - Rickettsial Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland. TherImmune Research Corporation, Gaithersburg, Maryland. Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland Y1 - 2005/08// PY - 2005 DA - Aug 2005 SP - 5039 EP - 5047 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 73 IS - 8 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Crab-eating macaque KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - gamma -Interferon KW - Macaca fascicularis KW - outer membrane proteins KW - Animal models KW - Infection KW - Immunization KW - Inflammation KW - Scrub typhus KW - Peripheral blood mononuclear cells KW - Immunogenicity KW - Orientia tsutsugamushi KW - Immunoglobulin G KW - Cynomolgus KW - Vaccines KW - Cell proliferation KW - Immunoglobulin M KW - W3 33365:Vaccines (other) KW - J 02834:Vaccination and immunization KW - F 06100:Vaccines - active immunity KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17384899?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Scrub+Typhus+Vaccine+Candidate+Kp+r56+Induces+Humoral+and+Cellular+Immune+Responses+in+Cynomolgus+Monkeys&rft.au=Chattopadhyay%2C+Suchismita%3BJiang%2C+Ju%3BChan%2C+Teik-Chye%3BManetz%2C+TScott%3BChao%2C+Chien-Chung%3BChing%2C+Wei-Mei%3BRichards%2C+Allen+L&rft.aulast=Chattopadhyay&rft.aufirst=Suchismita&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=5039&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - gamma -Interferon; outer membrane proteins; Animal models; Infection; Immunization; Scrub typhus; Inflammation; Peripheral blood mononuclear cells; Immunogenicity; Immunoglobulin G; Vaccines; Cell proliferation; Immunoglobulin M; Macaca fascicularis; Orientia tsutsugamushi; Cynomolgus ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Flow Modes of the Kuroshio Current South of Sugami Bay T2 - 2005 Workshop on Indonesian Ocean Tsunami and the 13th PAMS/JECSS Meeting (IOT 2005 and 13 PAMS/JECSS) AN - 40007770; 3983795 JF - 2005 Workshop on Indonesian Ocean Tsunami and the 13th PAMS/JECSS Meeting (IOT 2005 and 13 PAMS/JECSS) AU - Ramp, S R AU - Barrick, D E AU - Ito, T AU - Cook, M S Y1 - 2005/07/13/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jul 13 KW - Donghai Sea, Kuroshio Current KW - Ocean currents KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40007770?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Workshop+on+Indonesian+Ocean+Tsunami+and+the+13th+PAMS%2FJECSS+Meeting+%28IOT+2005+and+13+PAMS%2FJECSS%29&rft.atitle=Flow+Modes+of+the+Kuroshio+Current+South+of+Sugami+Bay&rft.au=Ramp%2C+S+R%3BBarrick%2C+D+E%3BIto%2C+T%3BCook%2C+M+S&rft.aulast=Ramp&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-07-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Workshop+on+Indonesian+Ocean+Tsunami+and+the+13th+PAMS%2FJECSS+Meeting+%28IOT+2005+and+13+PAMS%2FJECSS%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.tisda.org/iospj13/agendatentative.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-09-05 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Endoscopic transpterygoid approach to the lateral sphenoid recess: surgical approach and clinical experience. AN - 85381499; pmid-16025047 AB - Pathology within a lateral recess of a widely pneumatized sphenoid sinus is difficult to access with the use of traditional open and current endoscopic surgical approaches. A new surgical procedure, the endoscopic transpterygoid approach, directly accesses this region. A clinical experience over several year with this approach is reported as well as a refined and updated description of the technique.Tertiary care center.Retrospective review of medical records of patients treated with the endoscopic transpterygoid approach to the lateral sphenoid recess.An endoscopic transpterygoid approach was performed in 9 patients, 6 to resect a middle fossa meningoencephalocele and repair the CSF leak and associated skull base defect, 2 for possible invasive fungal sinusitis, and 1 to marsupialize a symptomatic epidermoid cyst. Patients tolerated the approach well and no significant complications occurred.In selected cases, the endoscopic transpterygoid approach enables the otolaryngologist to meet modern demands to treat conditions in the lateral sphenoid using minimally invasive techniques that are well-tolerated by patients. The surgical approach and the initial experience described herein is presented in the hopes that it can aid fellow otolaryngologists to help patients with challenging conditions in this region of the body. JF - Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery AU - Bolger, William E AD - Division of Otolaryngology, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA. wbolger@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - Jul 2005 SP - 20 EP - 26 VL - 133 IS - 1 SN - 0194-5998, 0194-5998 KW - Index Medicus KW - National Library of Medicine KW - Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea: etiology KW - Encephalocele: complications KW - *Encephalocele: surgery KW - Endoscopy KW - Female KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Maxillary Sinus KW - Meningocele: complications KW - *Meningocele: surgery KW - Middle Aged KW - *Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures: methods KW - Paranasal Sinus Diseases: complications KW - *Paranasal Sinus Diseases: surgery KW - Pterygoid Muscles: surgery KW - Retrospective Studies KW - *Sphenoid Bone: surgery KW - Sphenoid Sinus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85381499?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Otolaryngology--head+and+neck+surgery+%3A+official+journal+of+American+Academy+of+Otolaryngology-Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.atitle=Endoscopic+transpterygoid+approach+to+the+lateral+sphenoid+recess%3A+surgical+approach+and+clinical+experience.&rft.au=Bolger%2C+William+E&rft.aulast=Bolger&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=133&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Otolaryngology--head+and+neck+surgery+%3A+official+journal+of+American+Academy+of+Otolaryngology-Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.issn=01945998&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English (eng) DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2011-12-15 N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of alpha-dendrotoxin on K+ currents and action potentials in tetrodotoxin-resistant adult rat trigeminal ganglion neurons. AN - 67946946; 15831438 AB - To determine whether the alpha-dendrotoxin (alpha-DTX)-sensitive current [D current, slow inactivating transient current (I(D))] contributes to the modification of neuronal function in small-diameter adult rat trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons insensitive to 1 microM tetrodotoxin (TTX), we performed two different types of experiments. In the voltage-clamp mode, two distinct K+ current components, a fast inactivating transient current (I(A)) and a dominant sustained current (I(K)), were identified. Alpha-DTX (0.1 microM), ranging from 0.001 to 1 microM, maximally decreased I(A) by approximately 20% and I(K) by approximately 16.1% at a +50-mV step pulse, and 0.1 microM alpha-DTX application increased the number of action potentials without changing the resting membrane potential. Irrespective of the absence and presence of 0.1 microM alpha-DTX, applications of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP; 0.5 mM) and tetraethylammonium (TEA; 2 mM) inhibited approximately 50% inhibition of I(A) and I(K), respectively. 4-AP (0.5 mM) depolarized the resting membrane potential and increased the number of action potentials in the absence or presence of 0.1 microM alpha-DTX. TEA prolonged the duration of action potentials in the absence or presence of 0.1 microM alpha-DTX. These results suggest that I(D) contributes to the modification of neuronal function in adult rat TTX-resistant TG neurons, but after the loss of I(D) due to 0.1 microM alpha-DTX application, 4-AP (0.5 mM) and TEA (2 mM) still regulate the intrinsic firing properties of action potential number and shape. JF - The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics AU - Yoshida, Shinki AU - Matsumoto, Shigeji AD - Department of Physiology, Nippon Dental University, School of Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan. shinki@tokyo.ndu.ac.jp Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - July 2005 SP - 437 EP - 445 VL - 314 IS - 1 SN - 0022-3565, 0022-3565 KW - Elapid Venoms KW - 0 KW - Potassium Channel Blockers KW - Potassium Channels KW - Tetrodotoxin KW - 4368-28-9 KW - Tetraethylammonium KW - 66-40-0 KW - dendrotoxin KW - 74811-93-1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Patch-Clamp Techniques KW - Tetraethylammonium -- pharmacology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Potassium Channel Blockers -- pharmacology KW - Rats, Wistar KW - Drug Resistance KW - Electrophysiology KW - Elapid Venoms -- pharmacology KW - Trigeminal Ganglion -- drug effects KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Trigeminal Ganglion -- cytology KW - Action Potentials -- drug effects KW - Tetrodotoxin -- pharmacology KW - Potassium Channels -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67946946?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.atitle=Effects+of+alpha-dendrotoxin+on+K%2B+currents+and+action+potentials+in+tetrodotoxin-resistant+adult+rat+trigeminal+ganglion+neurons.&rft.au=Yoshida%2C+Shinki%3BMatsumoto%2C+Shigeji&rft.aulast=Yoshida&rft.aufirst=Shinki&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=314&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=437&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.issn=00223565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-26 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of Chlamydia MurC-Ddl, a fusion protein exhibiting D-alanyl-D-alanine ligase activity involved in peptidoglycan synthesis and D-cycloserine sensitivity. AN - 67924062; 15948948 AB - Recent characterization of chlamydial genes encoding functional peptidoglycan (PG)-synthesis proteins suggests that the Chlamydiaceae possess the ability to synthesize PG yet biochemical evidence for the synthesis of PG has yet to be demonstrated. The presence of D-amino acids in PG is a hallmark of bacteria. Chlamydiaceae do not appear to encode amino acid racemases however, a D-alanyl-D-alanine (D-Ala-D-Ala) ligase homologue (Ddl) is encoded in the genome. Thus, we undertook a genetics-based approach to demonstrate and characterize the D-Ala-D-Ala ligase activity of chlamydial Ddl, a protein encoded as a fusion with MurC. The full-length murC-ddl fusion gene from Chlamydia trachomatis serovar L2 was cloned and placed under the control of the arabinose-inducible ara promoter and transformed into a D-Ala-D-Ala ligase auxotroph of Escherichia coli possessing deletions of both the ddlA and ddlB genes. Viability of the E. coliDeltaddlADeltaddlB mutant in the absence of exogenous D-Ala-D-Ala dipeptide became dependent on the expression of the chlamydial murC-ddl thus demonstrating functional ligase activity. Domain mapping of the full-length fusion protein and site-directed mutagenesis of the MurC domain revealed that the structure of the full fusion protein but not MurC enzymatic activity was required for ligase activity in vivo. Recombinant MurC-Ddl exhibited substrate specificity for D-Ala. Chlamydia growth is inhibited by D-cycloserine (DCS) and in vitro analysis provided evidence for the chlamydial MurC-Ddl as the target for DCS sensitivity. In vivo sensitivity to DCS could be reversed by addition of exogenous D-Ala and D-Ala-D-Ala. Together, these findings further support our hypothesis that PG is synthesized by members of the Chlamydiaceae family and suggest that D-amino acids, specifically D-Ala, are present in chlamydial PG. JF - Molecular microbiology AU - McCoy, Andrea J AU - Maurelli, Anthony T AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA. Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - July 2005 SP - 41 EP - 52 VL - 57 IS - 1 SN - 0950-382X, 0950-382X KW - Antimetabolites KW - 0 KW - Peptidoglycan KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins KW - Cycloserine KW - 95IK5KI84Z KW - Peptide Synthases KW - EC 6.3.2.- KW - D-alanylalanine synthetase KW - EC 6.3.2.4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins -- metabolism KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Antimetabolites -- pharmacology KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins -- drug effects KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins -- genetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Escherichia coli -- genetics KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Substrate Specificity KW - Microbial Sensitivity Tests KW - Gene Order KW - Peptidoglycan -- chemistry KW - Peptidoglycan -- biosynthesis KW - Peptide Synthases -- genetics KW - Chlamydia trachomatis -- drug effects KW - Peptide Synthases -- drug effects KW - Cycloserine -- pharmacology KW - Chlamydia trachomatis -- genetics KW - Peptide Synthases -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67924062?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+microbiology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+Chlamydia+MurC-Ddl%2C+a+fusion+protein+exhibiting+D-alanyl-D-alanine+ligase+activity+involved+in+peptidoglycan+synthesis+and+D-cycloserine+sensitivity.&rft.au=McCoy%2C+Andrea+J%3BMaurelli%2C+Anthony+T&rft.aulast=McCoy&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+microbiology&rft.issn=0950382X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-25 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The relationship between alcohol use and risk-taking sexual behaviors in a large behavioral study. AN - 67873139; 15917018 AB - Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) present a continuing challenge to the efforts to prevent disease in the military. Since the degree of high-risk sexual behavior is a primary determinant for acquiring STIs, the identification of personality traits or situations associated with such behavior is of special interest. Data for this study were obtained from the 1998 Department of Defense Survey of Health Related Behaviors Among Military Personnel. The survey instrument was a self-administered questionnaire that was conducted using a stratified, two-stage, two-phase probability design to obtain representative samples of U.S. active duty personnel worldwide. More frequent episodes of alcohol intoxication were associated in a dose-dependent manner with an increased risk of having more sexual partners in the previous 12 months. Men and women who experienced intoxication more than 3 days per week were, respectively, 4.55 and 6.18 times more likely to have more than one sexual partner in the previous year. This study is based on retrospective self-report and may be subject to recall bias as well as information bias due to the sensitive nature of the subject matter. However, the results are compatible with a personality-based hypothesis, in which individuals with certain sensation-seeking tendencies may incur an increased risk for sexually transmitted infections. JF - Preventive medicine AU - Thompson, Jennifer C AU - Kao, Tzu-Cheg AU - Thomas, Richard J AD - Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics (PMB), Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA. Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - July 2005 SP - 247 EP - 252 VL - 41 IS - 1 SN - 0091-7435, 0091-7435 KW - Index Medicus KW - Odds Ratio KW - Humans KW - Sexual Partners KW - Age Distribution KW - Sexual Behavior KW - Cross-Sectional Studies KW - Logistic Models KW - Risk Factors KW - Adult KW - Cohort Studies KW - Surveys and Questionnaires KW - Confidence Intervals KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Sex Distribution KW - Female KW - Male KW - Prevalence KW - Alcoholic Intoxication -- psychology KW - Alcoholic Intoxication -- epidemiology KW - Risk-Taking KW - Sexually Transmitted Diseases -- etiology KW - Military Personnel -- statistics & numerical data KW - Sexually Transmitted Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Sexually Transmitted Diseases -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67873139?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Preventive+medicine&rft.atitle=The+relationship+between+alcohol+use+and+risk-taking+sexual+behaviors+in+a+large+behavioral+study.&rft.au=Thompson%2C+Jennifer+C%3BKao%2C+Tzu-Cheg%3BThomas%2C+Richard+J&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Preventive+medicine&rft.issn=00917435&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-28 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Political Parties, Social Demographics and the Decline of Ethnic Mobilization in South Africa, 1994-99 AN - 60703939; 200518574 AB - Before the advent of democratic rule in South Africa, most people had expected the country to experience an explosion of politicized ethnicity when minority rule was replaced. Yet this has not come to pass, and ethnic political parties have declined in number and influence in post-apartheid South Africa. Instead, between 1994 and 1999 partisan politics developed in a multipolar direction, with some parties embracing racial mobilization and others attempting to build multi-ethnic, non-racial entities. This article explains these developments as a product of the ways that political parties have responded to the incentives established by political institutions, on the one hand, and the structure of social divisions, on the other. The analysis holds implications for our understanding of the ways in which social cleavages in ethnically divided societies become politically salient, and for the lessons of institutional and constitutional engineering, particularly with respect to how proportional representation systems interact with other factors to shape politics in ethnically diverse societies. 2 Tables, 1 Figure, 28 References. [Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Ltd., copyright 2005.] JF - Party Politics AU - Piombo, Jessica AD - Dept National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA jrpiombo@nps.edu Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - July 2005 SP - 447 EP - 470 VL - 11 IS - 4 SN - 1354-0688, 1354-0688 KW - Cultural Pluralism KW - Cultural Conflict KW - Ethnic Groups KW - Electoral Systems KW - Racial Relations KW - Democracy KW - South Africa KW - Political Parties KW - article KW - 9105: politics; national-level politics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60703939?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Party+Politics&rft.atitle=Political+Parties%2C+Social+Demographics+and+the+Decline+of+Ethnic+Mobilization+in+South+Africa%2C+1994-99&rft.au=Piombo%2C+Jessica&rft.aulast=Piombo&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=447&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Party+Politics&rft.issn=13540688&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F1354068805053212 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - PAPOFH N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Political Parties; South Africa; Ethnic Groups; Cultural Pluralism; Cultural Conflict; Racial Relations; Democracy; Electoral Systems DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354068805053212 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Civil Military Relations in Colombia: Solving or Delaying Problems? AN - 60522332; 200522759 AB - Colombia's civil-military relations appear the least of the country's current difficulties. President Uribe Velez's style has allowed many to be optimistic that Colombia's problems are being solved. The 2003 results of the plebescite, & subsequent resignation of many senior leaders in the national security apparatus, underscores a tremendous division in the polity. This article will address this issue by considering how seriously the civil-military tensions may affect the country's ability to address its other security concerns. 3 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Journal of Political and Military Sociology AU - Watson, Cynthia AD - U.S. National War Coll watsonc@ndu.edu Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - July 2005 SP - 97 EP - 106 VL - 33 IS - 1 SN - 0047-2697, 0047-2697 KW - Social Conflict KW - National Security KW - Colombia KW - Military Civilian Relations KW - article KW - 0925: political sociology/interactions; sociology of political systems, politics, & power UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60522332?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Political+and+Military+Sociology&rft.atitle=Civil+Military+Relations+in+Colombia%3A+Solving+or+Delaying+Problems%3F&rft.au=Watson%2C+Cynthia&rft.aulast=Watson&rft.aufirst=Cynthia&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Political+and+Military+Sociology&rft.issn=00472697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - JPMSCG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Colombia; Military Civilian Relations; Social Conflict; National Security ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reassessing the Implications of a Nuclear-Armed Iran AN - 59815716; 200825673 AB - A nuclear-armed Iran would raise the stakes for American engagement in the Middle East and Persian Gulf region. The distinction between U.S. foreign policy goals, regional interests, and homeland security would be obliterated, the Gulf region would become far more dangerous, and U.S. relations with Russia, China, and perhaps Europe would be at risk. To what degree have new information and the passage of time altered our understanding of the issue? Without question, much has changed since the 2001 assessment was written. With the election of an avowed hard-liner as president, Iranians and Americans wonder if the stage may be set for a dramatic policy initiative reminiscent of the visit of U.S. President Richard Nixon. JF - Insight Turkey AU - Yaphe, Judith S AU - Lutes, Charles D AD - Institute for National Strategic Studies, National Defense University Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - July 2005 SP - 100 EP - 106 PB - Ankara Center for Turkish Policy Studies, Ankara, Turkey VL - 7 IS - 3 SN - 1302-177X, 1302-177X KW - Nuclear Proliferation KW - Risk KW - Security KW - Iran KW - United States of America KW - Foreign Policy KW - Nuclear Weapons KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59815716?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Insight+Turkey&rft.atitle=Reassessing+the+Implications+of+a+Nuclear-Armed+Iran&rft.au=Yaphe%2C+Judith+S%3BLutes%2C+Charles+D&rft.aulast=Yaphe&rft.aufirst=Judith&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=100&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Insight+Turkey&rft.issn=1302177X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2008-10-02 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Iran; United States of America; Nuclear Proliferation; Nuclear Weapons; Foreign Policy; Security; Risk ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transforming U.S. Policy toward Korean Unification: Creating a New U.S.-"U.K." Special Relationship AN - 59705335; 200604620 AB - Explores the US policy ramifications that a North Korean nuclear program might have on the Korean unification process & the resulting Korean state. Some historical background on Korean nuclear issues & US policy toward Korea & the broader region is provided. Contextual developments are outlined to show some of the problems confronting US Korea policy, &, in this light, inter-Korean efforts at reconciliation & reunification are seen as troubled when set against the US-led campaign to resolve the North Korean nuclear crisis. It is suggested that the US, if committed to a nuclear-free Korean Peninsula, ought to pursue such policies also directed at assisting reunification. Adapted from the source document. JF - Korea and World Affairs AU - Olsen, Edward A AD - Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - July 2005 SP - 217 EP - 233 VL - 29 IS - 2 SN - 0259-9686, 0259-9686 KW - Nuclear Proliferation KW - United States of America KW - North Korea KW - Political Integration KW - Foreign Policy KW - South Korea KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59705335?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Korea+and+World+Affairs&rft.atitle=Transforming+U.S.+Policy+toward+Korean+Unification%3A+Creating+a+New+U.S.-%22U.K.%22+Special+Relationship&rft.au=Olsen%2C+Edward+A&rft.aulast=Olsen&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Korea+and+World+Affairs&rft.issn=02599686&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United States of America; Foreign Policy; South Korea; North Korea; Political Integration; Nuclear Proliferation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Leave No Man Behind: Recovering America's Fallen Warriors AN - 59683379; 200600902 AB - This article analyzes the ethic of the US military to rescue its fallen warriors. The US military will go to extraordinary lengths to evacuate its wounded, & more interestingly, to recover its dead. While taking risks to recover the body of a fallen soldier may make no rational sense, it impacts significantly on the unit, the military profession, & US society. This article examines the "leave no man behind" phenomenon through individual, family, unit, institutional, & societal perspectives. Possible reasons why the ethic has increased in salience & potential future implications are also discussed. Adapted from the source document. JF - Armed Forces & Society AU - Wong, Leonard AD - Strategic Studies Instit, US Army War Coll, Carlisle, PA Leonard.Wong@carlisle.army.mil Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - July 2005 SP - 599 EP - 622 VL - 31 IS - 4 SN - 0095-327X, 0095-327X KW - Professional Ethics KW - Codes of Conduct KW - Social Cohesion KW - Death KW - Injuries KW - Military Personnel KW - United States of America KW - article KW - 9091: government/political systems; armed forces UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59683379?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Armed+Forces+%26+Society&rft.atitle=Leave+No+Man+Behind%3A+Recovering+America%27s+Fallen+Warriors&rft.au=Wong%2C+Leonard&rft.aulast=Wong&rft.aufirst=Leonard&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=599&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Armed+Forces+%26+Society&rft.issn=0095327X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - AFSOD2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United States of America; Military Personnel; Professional Ethics; Injuries; Death; Social Cohesion; Codes of Conduct ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Observations of upwelling and relaxation events in the northern Monterey Bay during August 2000 AN - 51627695; 2006-015009 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Ramp, Steven R AU - Paduan, Jeffrey D AU - Shulman, Igor AU - Kindle, John AU - Bahr, Frederick L AU - Chavez, Francisco Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - July 2005 SP - 21 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 110 IS - C7 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - United States KW - Santa Cruz California KW - upwelling KW - Northeast Pacific KW - salinity KW - temperature KW - California KW - AVHRR KW - infrared methods KW - Monterey Bay KW - Santa Cruz County California KW - East Pacific KW - currents KW - ocean circulation KW - numerical models KW - time series analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - ocean currents KW - North Pacific KW - eddies KW - Pacific Ocean KW - CODAR SeaSondes KW - acoustic Doppler current profiler data KW - winds KW - ICON model KW - airborne methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51627695?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Observations+of+upwelling+and+relaxation+events+in+the+northern+Monterey+Bay+during+August+2000&rft.au=Ramp%2C+Steven+R%3BPaduan%2C+Jeffrey+D%3BShulman%2C+Igor%3BKindle%2C+John%3BBahr%2C+Frederick+L%3BChavez%2C+Francisco&rft.aulast=Ramp&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=C7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2004JC002538 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map, 1 table, sect. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acoustic Doppler current profiler data; airborne methods; AVHRR; California; CODAR SeaSondes; currents; East Pacific; eddies; geophysical methods; ICON model; infrared methods; Monterey Bay; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; numerical models; ocean circulation; ocean currents; Pacific Ocean; salinity; Santa Cruz California; Santa Cruz County California; statistical analysis; temperature; time series analysis; United States; upwelling; winds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004JC002538 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Marital status and productivity: evidence from personnel data AN - 38174704; 2970385 AB - Although a robust wage premium for married men has been documented extensively in the labor economics literature, prior studies have been hampered in testing competing explanations of the premium by a lack of data on worker productivity. This study exploits a unique data set that contains job-performance measures for employees of a large, hierarchical organization. The quasi-longitudinal data track the marital status and job productivity, including performance reviews and promotions, of male Naval officers in technical and managerial jobs. Compared with single men, married men receive significantly higher performance ratings and are more likely to be promoted. In estimates that control for selection arising from quit decisions, the size of the marriage productivity effect falls but in most cases remains robust. Also, based on supplementary tests, selectivity arising from the decision to marry appears to explain only a small portion of the unadjusted marriage premium for Navy officers. Reprinted by permission of Southern Economic Association JF - Southern economic journal AU - Mehay, Stephen L AU - Bowman, William R AD - Naval Postgraduate School ; U.S. Naval Academy Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - Jul 2005 SP - 63 EP - 77 VL - 72 IS - 1 SN - 0038-4038, 0038-4038 KW - Economics KW - Evaluation KW - Human resources KW - Marital status KW - Wage differentials KW - Job performance KW - Evidence KW - Productivity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/38174704?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Southern+economic+journal&rft.atitle=Marital+status+and+productivity%3A+evidence+from+personnel+data&rft.au=Mehay%2C+Stephen+L%3BBowman%2C+William+R&rft.aulast=Mehay&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Southern+economic+journal&rft.issn=00384038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 7699 7748 6823; 10280; 6099; 4560; 6974 9390; 4551; 13395 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - US Middle East economic policy: the use of free trade areas in the war on terrorism AN - 37726854; 3266105 JF - Mediterranean quarterly AU - Looney, Robert AD - Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - Jul 2005 SP - 102 EP - 117 VL - 16 IS - 3 SN - 1047-4552, 1047-4552 KW - Political Science KW - Terrorism KW - Area studies KW - Free trade KW - War on terror KW - Economic policy KW - European studies KW - Transnationalism KW - U.S.A. KW - Middle East KW - Regional studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/37726854?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mediterranean+quarterly&rft.atitle=US+Middle+East+economic+policy%3A+the+use+of+free+trade+areas+in+the+war+on+terrorism&rft.au=Looney%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Looney&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=102&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mediterranean+quarterly&rft.issn=10474552&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 3977 5574 10472; 5274 12812; 13452 12686 13325; 10733 10738 12092 1247; 12933; 12686 13325; 1247; 4541 1247; 433 293 14; 254 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strategy, security, and war in Iraq: the United States and the Gulf in the 21st century AN - 36789755; 3487114 AB - Over the course of events taking place in and around the Persian Gulf over the last three years, the United States has used force to replace a despotic dictator who once served Western interests, placed considerable distance between itself and its erstwhile regional partner Saudi Arabia, and reduced its role as arbiter in the Arab - Israeli dispute. Operation Iraqi Freedom would seem to reveal that the United States has chosen a broader vision for the role that force could play as part of a more aggressive security strategy. The Gulf littoral's forward-deployed footprint, set into place during the first Gulf War, enabled effects-based capabilities to be tested in Iraq that have come online since the 1990s, enabling the US military to begin to operationalise what was initially dubbed the 'Revolution in Military Affairs' and now is called 'Transformation'. As such, the Gulf infrastructure provides the US with a model to emulate around the world as it seeks to realign its forces to better address new threats in the global theatre. The Gulf facilities will become central hubs in the network of bases stretching throughout Central and South Asia and the Horn of Africa which will perform missions associated with the global war on terror. Operation Iraqi Freedom represents only the beginning of this phenomenon in an emerging new global defense strategy that may see forward-deployed forces around the world used with increased frequency to manage an uncertain security environment. Reprinted by permission of Carfax Publishing, Taylor & Francis Ltd. JF - Cambridge review of international affairs AU - Russell, James A AD - Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - Jul 2005 SP - 283 EP - 302 VL - 18 IS - 2 SN - 0955-7571, 0955-7571 KW - Political Science KW - Strategic planning KW - International relations KW - Regional analysis KW - World order KW - Structural analysis KW - Defence policy KW - U.S.A. KW - Middle East KW - International security UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36789755?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cambridge+review+of+international+affairs&rft.atitle=Strategy%2C+security%2C+and+war+in+Iraq%3A+the+United+States+and+the+Gulf+in+the+21st+century&rft.au=Russell%2C+James+A&rft.aulast=Russell&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cambridge+review+of+international+affairs&rft.issn=09557571&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F09557570500164900 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 10704 971; 6784; 12320 971; 13749 6784; 12305 9560; 3349 5574 10472; 6790 6784; 433 293 14; 254 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09557570500164900 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring temporal change in riparian vegetation of Great Basin National Park AN - 17659904; 6531174 AB - Disturbance in riparian areas of semiarid ecosystems involves complex interactions of pulsed hydrologic flows, herbivory, fire, climatic effects, and anthropogenic influences. We resampled riparian vegetation within ten 10-m x 100-m plots that were initially sampled in 1992 in 4 watersheds of the Snake Range, east central Nevada. Our finding of significantly lower coverage of grasses, forbs, and shrubs within plots in 2001 compared with 1992 was not consistent with the management decision to remove livestock grazing from the watersheds in 1999. Change over time in cover of life-forms or bare ground was not predicted by scat counts within plots in 2001. Cover results were also not well explained by variability between the 2 sampling periods in either density of native herbivores or annual precipitation. In contrast, Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii) exhibited reduced abundance at all but the highest-elevation plot in which it occurred in 1992, and the magnitude of change in abundance was strongly predicted by plot elevation. Abundance of white fir (Abies concolor) individuals increased while aspen (Populus tremuloides) individuals decreased at 4 of 5 sites where they were sympatric, and changes in abundance in the 2 species were negatively correlated across those sites. Utility of monitoring data to detect change over time and contribute to adaptive management will vary with sample size, observer bias, use of repeatable or published methods, and precision of measurements, among other factors. JF - Western North American Naturalist AU - Beever, E A AU - Pyke, DA AU - Chambers, J C AU - Landau, F AU - Smith, S D AD - NPS Great Lakes Network, 2800 Lake Shore Dr. E., Suite D, Ashland WI 54806, USA Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - Jul 2005 SP - 382 EP - 402 VL - 65 IS - 3 SN - 1527-0904, 1527-0904 KW - Colorado fir KW - Engelmann spruce KW - Quaking aspen KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04100:Terrestrial ecosystems - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17659904?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Western+North+American+Naturalist&rft.atitle=Monitoring+temporal+change+in+riparian+vegetation+of+Great+Basin+National+Park&rft.au=Beever%2C+E+A%3BPyke%2C+DA%3BChambers%2C+J+C%3BLandau%2C+F%3BSmith%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Beever&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=382&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Western+North+American+Naturalist&rft.issn=15270904&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Frequency of Spontaneous Mutations That Confer Antibiotic Resistance in Chlamydia spp. AN - 17634615; 6427203 AB - Mutations in rRNA genes (rrn) that confer resistance to ribosomal inhibitors are typically recessive or weakly codominant and have been mostly reported for clinical strains of pathogens possessing only one or two rrn operons, such as Helicobacter pylori and Mycobacterium spp. An analysis of the genome sequences of several members of the Chlamydiaceae revealed that these obligate intracellular bacteria harbor only one or two sets of rRNA genes. To study the contribution of rRNA mutations to the emergence of drug resistance in the Chlamydiaceae, we used the sensitivities of Chlamydia trachomatis L2 (two rrn operons) and Chlamydophila psittaci 6BC (one rrn operon) to the aminoglycoside spectinomycin as a model. Confluent cell monolayers were infected in a plaque assay with about 10 super(8) wild-type infectious particles and then treated with the antibiotic. After a 2-week incubation time, plaques formed by spontaneous spectinomycin-resistant (Spc super(r)) mutants appeared with a frequency of 5 x 10 super(-5) for C. psittaci 6BC. No Spc super(r) mutants were isolated for C. trachomatis L2, although the frequencies of rifampin resistance were in the same range for both strains (i.e., 10 super(-7)). The risk of emergence of Chlamydia strains resistant to tetracyclines and macrolides, the ribosomal drugs currently used to treat chlamydial infections, is discussed. JF - Antimicrobial Agents & Chemotherapy AU - Binet, Rachel AU - Maurelli, Anthony T AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799 Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - Jul 2005 SP - 2865 EP - 2873 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 49 IS - 7 SN - 0066-4804, 0066-4804 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17634615?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Antimicrobial+Agents+%26+Chemotherapy&rft.atitle=Frequency+of+Spontaneous+Mutations+That+Confer+Antibiotic+Resistance+in+Chlamydia+spp.&rft.au=Binet%2C+Rachel%3BMaurelli%2C+Anthony+T&rft.aulast=Binet&rft.aufirst=Rachel&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=2865&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Antimicrobial+Agents+%26+Chemotherapy&rft.issn=00664804&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Endogenous CD4 super(+) CD25 super(+) Regulatory T Cells Play No Apparent Role in the Acute Humoral Response to Intact Streptococcus pneumoniae AN - 17626452; 6426204 AB - Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antiprotein and antipolysaccharide responses to intact Streptococcus pneumoniae are CD4 super(+)-T-cell dependent and therefore might be under the negative control of CD4 super(+) CD25 super(+) regulatory T cells. Injection of anti-interleukin 2 receptor alpha (anti-IL-2R alpha ) MAb to deplete regulatory T cells, injection of agonistic MAb against glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor family-related protein to inhibit regulatory-T-cell function, and adoptive transfer of regulatory-T-cell-depleted CD4 super(+) T cells into athymic nude mice each had no effect on either the primary or secondary protein- or polysaccharide-specific IgG response to intact S. pneumoniae. Surprisingly, anti-IL-2R alpha MAb also had no effect on the IgG response to intact S. pneumoniae in MyD88 super(-/-) mice or to a soluble protein-polysaccharide conjugate injected into wild-type mice in the absence of adjuvant. Collectively, these data are the first to suggest that, in contrast to their role in limiting chronic cell-mediated immunity, regulatory T cells may play no significant role in an acute humoral immune response to an intact extracellular bacterial pathogen. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Lee, Katherine S AU - Sen, Goutam AU - Snapper, Clifford M AD - Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, Maryland 20814 Y1 - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DA - Jul 2005 SP - 4427 EP - 4431 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 73 IS - 7 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - F 06100:Vaccines - active immunity KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17626452?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Endogenous+CD4+super%28%2B%29+CD25+super%28%2B%29+Regulatory+T+Cells+Play+No+Apparent+Role+in+the+Acute+Humoral+Response+to+Intact+Streptococcus+pneumoniae&rft.au=Lee%2C+Katherine+S%3BSen%2C+Goutam%3BSnapper%2C+Clifford+M&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Katherine&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=4427&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Selecting Genes by Test Statistics AN - 17422096; 6549477 AB - Gene selection is an important issue in analyzing multiclass microarray data. Among many proposed selection methods, the traditional ANOVA F test statistic has been employed to identify informative genes for both class prediction (classification) and discovery problems. However, the F test statistic assumes an equal variance. This assumption may not be realistic for gene expression data. This paper explores other alternative test statistics which can handle heterogeneity of the variances. We study five such test statistics, which include Brown-Forsythe test statistic and Welch test statistic. Their performance is evaluated and compared with that of F statistic over different classification methods applied to publicly available microarray datasets. JF - Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology AU - Chen, Dechang AU - Liu, Zhenqiu AU - Ma, Xiaobin AU - Hua, Dong AD - Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA, dchen@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2005/06/30/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 30 SP - 132 EP - 138 VL - 2005 IS - 2 SN - 1110-7243, 1110-7243 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - Genes KW - Statistics KW - Classification KW - Statistical analysis KW - proteomics KW - genomics KW - DNA microarrays KW - W3 33080:Bioinformatics and computer applications KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - G 07700:Molecular Genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17422096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biomedicine+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Selecting+Genes+by+Test+Statistics&rft.au=Chen%2C+Dechang%3BLiu%2C+Zhenqiu%3BMa%2C+Xiaobin%3BHua%2C+Dong&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Dechang&rft.date=2005-06-30&rft.volume=2005&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=132&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biomedicine+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=11107243&rft_id=info:doi/10.1155%2FJBB.2005.132 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Data Mining in Genomics and Proteomics. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Statistics; Genes; Data processing; Classification; Statistical analysis; genomics; proteomics; DNA microarrays DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/JBB.2005.132 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - MOEA Design of Robust Digital Symbol Sets T2 - 2005 Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation (GECCO 2005) AN - 39664040; 3950402 JF - 2005 Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation (GECCO 2005) AU - Day, Richard O AU - Nunez, Abel S AU - Lamont, Gary B Y1 - 2005/06/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 25 KW - Evolution KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39664040?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Conference+on+Genetic+and+Evolutionary+Computation+%28GECCO+2005%29&rft.atitle=MOEA+Design+of+Robust+Digital+Symbol+Sets&rft.au=Day%2C+Richard+O%3BNunez%2C+Abel+S%3BLamont%2C+Gary+B&rft.aulast=Day&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2005-06-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Conference+on+Genetic+and+Evolutionary+Computation+%28GECCO+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://portal.acm.org/toc.cfm?id=1068009&idx=SERIES11264&type=proceeding&co ll=ACM&dl=ACM&part=series&WantType=Proceedings&title=&CFID=49153153&CFTOKEN =22514606 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - A Genetic Algorithm for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Routing T2 - 2005 Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation (GECCO 2005) AN - 39651724; 3950277 JF - 2005 Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation (GECCO 2005) AU - Russell, Matthew A AU - Lamont, Gary B Y1 - 2005/06/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 25 KW - Algorithms KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39651724?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Conference+on+Genetic+and+Evolutionary+Computation+%28GECCO+2005%29&rft.atitle=A+Genetic+Algorithm+for+Unmanned+Aerial+Vehicle+Routing&rft.au=Russell%2C+Matthew+A%3BLamont%2C+Gary+B&rft.aulast=Russell&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2005-06-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Conference+on+Genetic+and+Evolutionary+Computation+%28GECCO+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://portal.acm.org/toc.cfm?id=1068009&idx=SERIES11264&type=proceeding&co ll=ACM&dl=ACM&part=series&WantType=Proceedings&title=&CFID=49153153&CFTOKEN =22514606 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Dose-Dependent Effects of Parathyroid Hormone 1-84 and Teriparatide on Blood Pressure in Rats T2 - 2nd Joint Meeting of the European Calcified Tissue Society and the International Bone and Mineral Society (ECTS-IBMS 2005) AN - 39639295; 3945906 JF - 2nd Joint Meeting of the European Calcified Tissue Society and the International Bone and Mineral Society (ECTS-IBMS 2005) AU - Fox, J AU - Scott, K R Y1 - 2005/06/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 25 KW - Thyroid KW - Rats KW - Blood pressure KW - Parathyroid hormone KW - Hormones KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39639295?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2nd+Joint+Meeting+of+the+European+Calcified+Tissue+Society+and+the+International+Bone+and+Mineral+Society+%28ECTS-IBMS+2005%29&rft.atitle=Dose-Dependent+Effects+of+Parathyroid+Hormone+1-84+and+Teriparatide+on+Blood+Pressure+in+Rats&rft.au=Fox%2C+J%3BScott%2C+K+R&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-06-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2nd+Joint+Meeting+of+the+European+Calcified+Tissue+Society+and+the+International+Bone+and+Mineral+Society+%28ECTS-IBMS+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ects-ibms-2005.org/post/index.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - An Evolutionary Algorithm to Generate Hyper-Ellipsoid Detectors for Negative Selection T2 - 2005 Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation (GECCO 2005) AN - 39600918; 3950108 JF - 2005 Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation (GECCO 2005) AU - Shapiro, Joseph M AU - Lamont, Gary B AU - Peterson, Gilbert L Y1 - 2005/06/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jun 25 KW - Negative selection KW - Algorithms KW - Evolution KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39600918?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2005+Conference+on+Genetic+and+Evolutionary+Computation+%28GECCO+2005%29&rft.atitle=An+Evolutionary+Algorithm+to+Generate+Hyper-Ellipsoid+Detectors+for+Negative+Selection&rft.au=Shapiro%2C+Joseph+M%3BLamont%2C+Gary+B%3BPeterson%2C+Gilbert+L&rft.aulast=Shapiro&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=2005-06-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2005+Conference+on+Genetic+and+Evolutionary+Computation+%28GECCO+2005%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://portal.acm.org/toc.cfm?id=1068009&idx=SERIES11264&type=proceeding&co ll=ACM&dl=ACM&part=series&WantType=Proceedings&title=&CFID=49153153&CFTOKEN =22514606 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-05-21 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Examination of the new environmental paradigm scale in a military sample. AN - 85391200; pmid-16060444 AB - The factor structure of the 12-item New Environmental Paradigm Scale was examined. A random sample of 900 active duty military members participated by completing a 35-item questionnaire measuring demographics and environmental attitudes. Using structural equation modeling techniques, three models consistent with the previous empirical work on which the scale's factor was based were compared. A correlated three-factor model was the most appropriate model for the data. JF - Perceptual and motor skills AU - Holt, Daniel T AU - Lofgren, Steven T AD - Air Force Institute of Technology, USA. daniel.holt@afit.edu Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 791 EP - 794 VL - 100 IS - 3 Pt 1 SN - 0031-5125, 0031-5125 KW - Index Medicus KW - National Library of Medicine KW - Adolescent KW - Adult KW - Age Distribution KW - *Attitude KW - *Conservation of Natural Resources KW - Factor Analysis, Statistical KW - Female KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Middle Aged KW - *Military Personnel: psychology KW - Models, Statistical KW - *Psychometrics: statistics & numerical data KW - Public Opinion KW - *Questionnaires KW - Sampling Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85391200?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Perceptual+and+motor+skills&rft.atitle=Examination+of+the+new+environmental+paradigm+scale+in+a+military+sample.&rft.au=Holt%2C+Daniel+T%3BLofgren%2C+Steven+T&rft.aulast=Holt&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=3+Pt+1&rft.spage=791&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Perceptual+and+motor+skills&rft.issn=00315125&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English (eng) DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2011-12-15 N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Military Power: A Reply AN - 60670409; 200521930 AB - A response to Eliot A. Cohen's (2005), Lawrence Freedman's (2005), Michael Horowitz & Stephen Rosen's (2005), & Martin van Creveld's (2005) respective critiques of the author's (2004) study of the conditions that have engendered military victory in 20th-century medium- & large-scale conflicts. Five principal criticisms of the author's treatment of 20th century military power & its effects upon military victory/defeat are identified & rebutted: (1) the process of determining whether nations have implemented the modern system of warfare is highly subjective, (2) the selection of cases are not representative of 20th-century military conflict, (3) the analysis of medium- & high-intensity land-based military conflicts disregards warfare of smaller & larger scale, (4) the author's statistical analyses are fundamentally flawed, & (5) the framework for quantifying a nation's quality of force employment. It is hoped that future research will integrate considerations of political & other contextual variables into studies of quality of force employment & will incorporate the author's theory of battle into theories of war. J. W. Parker JF - The Journal of Strategic Studies AU - Biddle, Stephen AD - U.S. Army War Coll Strategic Studies Instit, Carlisle, PA stephen.biddle@carlisle.army.mil Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 453 EP - 469 VL - 28 IS - 3 SN - 0140-2390, 0140-2390 KW - Military Strategy KW - War KW - Theoretical Problems KW - Methodological Problems KW - article KW - 9091: government/political systems; armed forces UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60670409?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Strategic+Studies&rft.atitle=Military+Power%3A+A+Reply&rft.au=Biddle%2C+Stephen&rft.aulast=Biddle&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=453&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+Strategic+Studies&rft.issn=01402390&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F01402390500154403 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - JSTSD5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Military Strategy; War; Methodological Problems; Theoretical Problems DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01402390500154403 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nuclear Command-and-Control in South Asia during Peace, Crisis and War AN - 59708140; 200611074 AB - This paper provides a detailed assessment of the behavior of nuclear command-&-control systems during peace, crisis & war. It highlights, in particular, the tensions & trade-offs that emerge once systems move away from peacetime configurations. The paper argues that there are significant parallels with the Cold War experience, but that particular complexities in South Asia raise real concerns about the risks of nuclear escalation & war. The paper concludes by asking whether the United States could not do more to help India & Pakistan manage their nuclear command-&-control systems more effectively, to help the stabilization of nuclear South Asia. Figures. Adapted from the source document. JF - Contemporary South Asia AU - Khan, Feroz Hassan AD - Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA fhkhan@nps.edu Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 163 EP - 174 PB - Carfax/Taylor & Francis, Abingdon UK VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0958-4935, 0958-4935 KW - Organizational Structure KW - Peace KW - Stability KW - South Asia KW - Nuclear Weapons KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59708140?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Contemporary+South+Asia&rft.atitle=Nuclear+Command-and-Control+in+South+Asia+during+Peace%2C+Crisis+and+War&rft.au=Khan%2C+Feroz+Hassan&rft.aulast=Khan&rft.aufirst=Feroz&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Contemporary+South+Asia&rft.issn=09584935&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F09584930500314268 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nuclear Weapons; Organizational Structure; South Asia; Stability; Peace DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09584930500314268 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - RIPEX; observations of a rip current system AN - 51701223; 2005-048025 AB - Rip current kinematics and beach morphodynamics were measured for 44 days at Sand City, Monterey Bay, CA using 15 instruments composed of co-located velocity and pressure sensors, acoustic Doppler current profilers, and kinematic GPS surveys. The morphology consisted of a low-tide terrace with incised quasi-periodic rip channels, representative of transverse bars. Offshore (17 m depth) significant wave height and peak period ranged 0.20-3.0 m and 5-20 s. The mean wave direction was consistently near 0 degrees resulting in rip channel morphology, which evolved in response to the changing wave characteristics. An inverse relationship between sediment accreting on the transverse bar and eroding in the rip channel was found. The spatial distribution of sediment is reflected in the background rip current flow field. The mean velocity magnitudes within the rip channel (transverse bars) increased offshore (onshore) with decreasing tidal elevations and increased with increasing sea-swell energy. Eulerian averaged flows were predominantly shoreward on the transverse bars and seaward within the rip channel throughout the experiment, resulting in a persistent cellular circulation, except during low wave energy. The rip current spacing to the rip channel width was less than or equal to two, which suggests that the rip currents are influenced by each other and that no two-dimensional bar return flow should be present. The vertical velocity profile on the bar indicated that the flow was predominantly shoreward. The flow field within the surf zone was depth uniform, except for significant shear occurring near the surface, owing to Stokes drift. The wave-induced transport hypothesis is evaluated. JF - Marine Geology AU - MacMahan, Jamie H AU - Thornton, Ed B AU - Stanton, Tim P AU - Reniers, Ad J H M Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 113 EP - 134 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 218 IS - 1-4 SN - 0025-3227, 0025-3227 KW - United States KW - video methods KW - beach cusps KW - variations KW - Monterey California KW - California KW - beaches KW - rip currents KW - Monterey Bay KW - bottom features KW - Monterey County California KW - shelf environment KW - velocity KW - littoral cells KW - ocean floors KW - currents KW - shore features KW - ocean circulation KW - surf zones KW - sediment transport KW - landform evolution KW - statistical analysis KW - sedimentation KW - bars KW - nearshore environment KW - ocean currents KW - kinematics KW - marine environment KW - ocean waves KW - geomorphology KW - bathymetry KW - histograms KW - coastal sedimentation KW - field studies KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51701223?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Geology&rft.atitle=RIPEX%3B+observations+of+a+rip+current+system&rft.au=MacMahan%2C+Jamie+H%3BThornton%2C+Ed+B%3BStanton%2C+Tim+P%3BReniers%2C+Ad+J+H+M&rft.aulast=MacMahan&rft.aufirst=Jamie&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=218&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Geology&rft.issn=00253227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.margeo.2005.03.019 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00253227 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MAGEA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bars; bathymetry; beach cusps; beaches; bottom features; California; coastal sedimentation; currents; field studies; geomorphology; histograms; kinematics; landform evolution; littoral cells; marine environment; Monterey Bay; Monterey California; Monterey County California; nearshore environment; ocean circulation; ocean currents; ocean floors; ocean waves; rip currents; sediment transport; sedimentation; shelf environment; shore features; statistical analysis; surf zones; United States; variations; velocity; video methods DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2005.03.019 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of Simulated Annealing for Identifying Essential Fish Habitat in a Multispecies Context TT - Uso de Recocido Simulado para la Identificacion de Habitat Esencial para Peces en un Contexto Multiespecifico AN - 19959688; 6406148 AB - Essential fish habitat (EFH) is defined under U.S. federal law, which mandates its protection. Current single-species approaches to identifying EFH for suites of managed species have resulted in areas designated for protection that are so large that protecting fish habitat has been difficult in the context of fishery management. We evaluated the potential for simulated annealing, a type of mathematical optimization, as a tool for simultaneously identifying EFH for multiple species in four ecological regions of the eastern continental shelf of the United States. Data were obtained from a shelf-wide trawl survey with site-specific abundance information spanning 37 years. The data were averaged within units of a sampling grid with 10-minute squares. We used computer software with an objective function that includes a term for weighting the boundary length of selected sampling units and thereby identifies solutions that meet specific targets for representation under varying degrees of spatial aggregation. We defined representation as a percentage of the cumulative sampled abundance of individual species and examined the effects of these target values and spatial constraints on total (sea-surface) area and boundary length of solution sets. We also evaluated the algorithm for its ability to select areas where juveniles occurred at high densities as a proxy for habitat value. Annealing solutions covered less total area than would the combined habitats of individual species that capture the same proportion of population abundance. For most species in most solutions, high-density areas were selected in higher proportions to their relative abundance in a region and solutions contained less total habitat area and smaller boundary lengths. Additionally, sampling units were distributed among two or more discrete localities versus a single location for the same target level of representation. We suggest that simulated annealing is a viable tool for EFH planning with the potential for identifying more spatially conservative habitat areas for protection than a single-species approach.Original Abstract: El habitat esencial de peces (HEP) esta definido por las leyes federales de E.U.A., lo que hace que su proteccion sea obligatoria. Los metodos monoespecificos actuales para la identificacion de HEP para conjuntos de especies bajo manejo han resultado en areas protegidas tan extensas que la proteccion del habitat de peces ha sido dificil en el contexto de la gestion de pesquerias. Evaluamos el potencial del recocido simulado, un tipo de optimizacion matematica, como una herramienta para la identificacion simultanea de HEP para multiples especies en cuatro regiones ecologicas de la plataforma continental oriental de los Estados Unidos. Los datos fueron obtenidos de un muestreo con red de arrastre en toda la plataforma con informacion de abundancia en sitios especificos que abarca 37 anos. Los datos fueron promediados en unidades de una cuadricula de muestreo con cuadrantes de 10 minutos. Utilizamos software de computadora con una funcion objetiva que incluye un termino para ponderar la longitud del limite de unidades de muestreo selectas y que por lo tanto identifica soluciones que encuentran blancos de representacion especificos bajo diferentes grados de agregacion espacial. Definimos representacion como un porcentaje de abundancia acumulativa de especies individuales y examinamos los efectos de estos valores y restricciones espaciales sobre el area total (superficie marina) y la longitud del limite de los conjuntos de soluciones. Tambien evaluamos la habilidad del algoritmo para seleccionar areas en las que ocurrieron altas densidades de juveniles como una representacion del valor del habitat. Los recocidos simulados cubrieron menos area total que la que hubieran cubierto los habitats combinados de las especies individuales que capturan la misma proporcion de abundancia poblacional. Para la mayoria de las especies en la mayoria de las soluciones, las areas de alta densidad fueron seleccionadas en mayor proporcion que su abundancia relativa en una region y las soluciones contenian menos area de habitat total y limites de menor longitud. Adicionalmente, las unidades de muestreo estaban distribuidas en dos o mas localidades discretas versus una sola localidad para el mismo nivel de representacion. Sugerimos que el recocido simulado es una herramienta viable para la planificacion de HEP con mayor potencial para la identificacion de areas de habitat mas conservadoras espacialmente que un metodo monoespecifico. JF - Conservation Biology AU - Cook, Rosamonde R AU - Auster, Peter J AD - National Undersea Research Center, University of Connecticut at Avery Point, 1080 Shennecossett Road, Groton, CT 06340, U.S.A, rose_cook@nps.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - June 2005 SP - 876 EP - 886 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ UK VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 0888-8892, 0888-8892 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Ecological distribution KW - Abundance KW - Stock assessment KW - Algorithms KW - relative abundance KW - fishery management KW - Habitat KW - Environmental protection KW - Computer programs KW - USA KW - Fishery management KW - Fishery surveys KW - Boundaries KW - Nature conservation KW - Conservation KW - Regional planning KW - Fish KW - Sampling KW - National planning KW - abundance KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - D 04705:Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19959688?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Conservation+Biology&rft.atitle=Use+of+Simulated+Annealing+for+Identifying+Essential+Fish+Habitat+in+a+Multispecies+Context&rft.au=Cook%2C+Rosamonde+R%3BAuster%2C+Peter+J&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=Rosamonde&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=876&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Conservation+Biology&rft.issn=08888892&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1523-1739.2005.00613.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Figures, 7; tables, 1; formulas, 1; references, 42. N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fishery management; Fishery surveys; Ecological distribution; Stock assessment; Nature conservation; Regional planning; Habitat; National planning; Environmental protection; Computer programs; Abundance; Algorithms; Boundaries; Sampling; relative abundance; Conservation; fishery management; Fish; abundance; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00613.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A hierarchical perspective of plant diversity AN - 17622661; 6408128 AB - Predictive models of plant diversity have typically focused on either a landscape's capacity for richness (equilibrium models), or on the processes that regulate competitive exclusion, and thus allow species to coexist (nonequilibrium models). Here, we review the concepts and purposes of a hierarchical, multiscale model of the controls of plant diversity that incorporates the equilibrium model of climatic favorability at macroscales, nonequilibrium models of competition at microscales, and a mixed model emphasizing environmental heterogeneity at mesoscales. We evaluate the conceptual model using published data from three spatially nested datasets: (1) a macroscale analysis of ecoregions in the continental and western U.S.; (2) a mesoscale study in California; and (3) a microscale study in the Siskiyou Mountains of Oregon and California. At the macroscale (areas from 3889 km super(2) to 638,300 km super(2)), climate (actual evaporation) was a strong predictor of tree diversity (R super(2) = 0.80), as predicted by the conceptual model, but area was a better predictor for vascular plant diversity overall (R super(2) = 0.38), which suggests different types of plants differ in their sensitivity to climatic controls. At mesoscales (areas from 1111 km super(2) to 15,833 km super(2)), climate was still an important predictor of richness (R super(2) = 0.52), but, as expected, topographic heterogeneity explained an important share of the variance (R super(2) = 0.19), showed positive correlations with diversity of trees, shrubs, and annual and perennial herbs, and was the primary predictor of shrub and annual plant species richness. At microscales (0.1 ha plots), spatial patterns of diversity showed a clear unimodal pattern along a climate-driven productivity gradient and a negative relationship with soil fertility. The strong decline in understory and total diversity at the most productive sites suggests that competitive controls, as predicted, can override climatic controls at this scale. We conclude that this hierarchical, multiscale model provides a sound basis to understand and analyze plant species diversity. Specifically, future research should employ the principles in this paper to explore climatic controls on species richness of different life forms, better quantify environmental heterogeneity in landscapes, and analyze how these large-scale factors interact with local nonetjuilibrium dynamics to maintain plant diversity. JF - Quarterly Review of Biology AU - Sarr, DA AU - Hibbs, DE AU - Huston, MA AD - Klamath Network-National Park Service, 1250 Siskiyou Boulevard Ashland, OR 97520-5011, USA, dan_sarr@nps.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 187 EP - 212 VL - 80 IS - 2 SN - 0033-5770, 0033-5770 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04625:Plants - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17622661?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quarterly+Review+of+Biology&rft.atitle=A+hierarchical+perspective+of+plant+diversity&rft.au=Sarr%2C+DA%3BHibbs%2C+DE%3BHuston%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Sarr&rft.aufirst=DA&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quarterly+Review+of+Biology&rft.issn=00335770&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Self-Report Measure of Low Back-Related Biomechanical Exposures: Clinical Validation AN - 17595352; 6533772 AB - Low back pain and symptoms are major contributors to ambulatory visits, economic burden, and reduced readiness among military personnel and employers in the civilian workplace as well. While a link between low back pain and biomechanical exposures has been established, efficient surveillance methods of such exposures are still needed. Furthermore, the utility of self-report measures for biomechanical exposures has not been examined extensively. The present cross-sectional study analyzed questionnaire data from US Army soldiers (n = 279) working in previously identified occupational specialties that were associated with high risk for low back pain and/or low back pain disability. Demographic characteristics, physical workload, health behaviors, and psychosocial factors were assessed in addition to self-reported workplace biomechanical exposures using the Job Related Physical Demands (JRPDs). Outcomes included self-reported low back pain severity, low back symptoms, functional limitations, and general physical health. The results indicated that the self-report measure of biomechanical exposure had a high degree of internal consistency (Cronbach alpha, 0.95). The JRPD index correlated with low back symptoms, pain intensity, function, and perceived work load using the Borg scale. Regression analyses indicated statistically significant associations between the JRPD and back pain specific pain severity and physical function, but not for general physical health (SF-12) after controlling for age, gender, educational level, job type, and reported exercise and work stress. Specifically, higher JRPD scores (representing greater biomechanical exposure) were associated with higher levels of pain intensity and functional limitations. Higher JRPD scores were found to place an individual at a greater likelihood for being a case with low back pain within the past 12 months (OR = 1.01 per point increase in scale-95%; range 38-152; CI = 1.00-1.02, p less than or equal to 0.05). While future longitudinal studies of the JRPD determining the predictive validity of the measure are needed, the present study provides evidence of the utility of the JRPD for assessing biomechanical exposures associated with low back pain within high-risk jobs. The findings suggest that the JRPD may assist with surveillance efforts and be useful as a process and/or outcome measure in research related to occupational rehabilitation. JF - Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation AU - Daniels, Colleen AU - Huang, Grant D AU - Feuerstein, Michael AU - Lopez, Mary AD - Uniformed Services University, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, Maryland, 20814, mfeuerstein@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 113 EP - 128 PB - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 1053-0487, 1053-0487 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - disabilities KW - biomechanics KW - low back pain KW - Stress KW - working conditions KW - Gender KW - Economics KW - Military KW - Occupational health KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17595352?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Occupational+Rehabilitation&rft.atitle=Self-Report+Measure+of+Low+Back-Related+Biomechanical+Exposures%3A+Clinical+Validation&rft.au=Daniels%2C+Colleen%3BHuang%2C+Grant+D%3BFeuerstein%2C+Michael%3BLopez%2C+Mary&rft.aulast=Daniels&rft.aufirst=Colleen&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Occupational+Rehabilitation&rft.issn=10530487&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10926-005-1214-z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - low back pain; biomechanics; Military; disabilities; Economics; working conditions; Stress; Occupational health; Gender DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10926-005-1214-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Workstyle: Development of a Measure of Response to Work in Those With Upper Extremity Pain AN - 17592707; 6533782 AB - Workstyle or the behavioral, cognitive, and physiological response that can occur in some individuals to increases in work demands has been proposed to help explain the link between ergonomic and psychosocial factors in the exacerbation of work-related upper extremity symptoms. Currently, there is no measure of this construct, hindering research on its potential link to work related upper extremity problems in the workplace. The present study describes the development and psychometric properties of a measure of workstyle. Questionnaire items reflecting dimensions of workstyle as per the original conceptualization were generated primarily through focus groups with office workers and separate groups held with occupational physicians, physical therapists, occupational health psychologists, and experts in ergonomics, behavioral science, and human factors. Items created through this process were then administered to 282 symptomatic and asymptomatic office workers. Measures of job stress, ergonomic risk, upper extremity symptoms, and functional limitations were also obtained. The workstyle questionnaire was divided into two broad dimensions: Characteristic responses to work and Response to increased work demands. The scale development process as indicated by factor analysis yielded subscales that are theoretically consistent with the workstyle construct. These subscales include: working through pain, social reactivity at work, limited workplace support, deadlines/pressure, self imposed work pace/workload, breaks, mood, pain/tension, autonomic response, and numbness tingling. The internal consistency of these subscales varied from 0.61 to 0.91, n = 282 while the test-retest (3 weeks) reliability for the various subscales ranged from r = 0.68 to 0.89, n = 143. A total workstyle score was computed that excluded the pain/tension and numbness/tingling subscales to avoid circular reasoning in terms of the measure's relationship to outcomes of pain and functional limitations. The total score was stable over time and provided unique variance in relation to traditional measures of job stress. Total workstyle score was significantly associated with higher levels of pain, and greater functional limitations. Dimensions of the workstyle construct were identified. The workstyle measure possesses acceptable psychometric properties in office workers who work with computers. This measure can be used in future studies on the interaction of psychosocial and ergonomic factors in the exacerbation of upper extremity pain and functional limitation. JF - Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation AU - Feuerstein, Michael AU - Nicholas, Rena A AU - Huang, Grant D AU - Haufler, Amy J AU - Pransky, Glenn AU - Robertson, Michele AD - University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, 20814, Maryland, mfeuerstein@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 87 EP - 104 PB - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 1053-0487, 1053-0487 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Physiology KW - Stress KW - pain KW - working conditions KW - musculoskeletal system KW - Human factors KW - Ergonomics KW - Occupational health KW - H 10000:Ergonomics/Human Factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17592707?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Occupational+Rehabilitation&rft.atitle=Workstyle%3A+Development+of+a+Measure+of+Response+to+Work+in+Those+With+Upper+Extremity+Pain&rft.au=Feuerstein%2C+Michael%3BNicholas%2C+Rena+A%3BHuang%2C+Grant+D%3BHaufler%2C+Amy+J%3BPransky%2C+Glenn%3BRobertson%2C+Michele&rft.aulast=Feuerstein&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Occupational+Rehabilitation&rft.issn=10530487&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10926-005-3420-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pain; musculoskeletal system; Occupational health; working conditions; Ergonomics; Stress; Human factors; Physiology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10926-005-3420-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influences of span and wrist posture on peak chuck pinch strength and time needed to reach peak strength AN - 17557041; 6446392 AB - Evaluation of pinch strength is useful in alleviating carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), and when peak strength is reached (denoted as T sub(MVC)), may be a useful and interesting index for evaluating strength generation and the relationship between resistance and response time. This paper intends to investigate the effects of pinch span and wrist posture on how much time is required to reach MVC (T sub(MVC)), as well as MVC. Thirty right-handed subjects including 15 males and 15 females volunteered for this experiment. A nested-factorial design was employed with four fixed independent variables of gender, subject (nested within gender), span (2, 4, 6, and 8 cm) and wrist posture (neutral, maximal extension and maximal flexion). The ANOVA results indicate that male MVC is greater than female MVC at any given span or wrist posture. On average, male MVC is 89.6 N, and female MVC is 53.6 N, nearly 60% that of males. For both genders and under four spans, neutral MVC is the greatest and maximal-flexion MVC is the least. Additionally, both neutral and maximal-extension MVCs increase as span increases, but maximal-flexion MVC increases up to 6 cm, and then decreases at 8 cm. On the other hand, only the gender effect on T sub(MVC) is significant. Average male T sub(MVC) is 1.828 s, and it is 1.346 s for females. Notably, the effects of span and wrist posture are not able to affect T sub(MVC) at all, even if they affect MVC pronouncedly.Relevance to industry Present data provide useful information about the effects of grip span and extreme wrist posture on tool/task design requiring pinch strength. The T sub(MVC) possible becomes the upper limit of response time to overcome resistance in tools/tasks. JF - International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics AU - Shih, Y-C AU - Ou, Y-C AD - Graduate Institute of Logistics Management, National Defense University, P.O. Box 90046-15, Chung-Ho, Taipei 235, Taiwan, syc@rs590.ndmc.edu.tw Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 527 EP - 536 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0169-8141, 0169-8141 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - overuse injuries KW - carpal tunnel syndrome KW - Gender KW - Ergonomics KW - Occupational health KW - posture KW - H 10000:Ergonomics/Human Factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17557041?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Industrial+Ergonomics&rft.atitle=Influences+of+span+and+wrist+posture+on+peak+chuck+pinch+strength+and+time+needed+to+reach+peak+strength&rft.au=Shih%2C+Y-C%3BOu%2C+Y-C&rft.aulast=Shih&rft.aufirst=Y-C&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=527&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Industrial+Ergonomics&rft.issn=01698141&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ergon.2004.12.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - posture; Gender; Ergonomics; carpal tunnel syndrome; Occupational health; overuse injuries DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2004.12.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular characterization of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from cynomolgus monkeys (M. fascicularis) AN - 17468295; 6668529 AB - We recently reported the occurrence of natural infection with H. pylori in a group of cynomolgus monkeys with chronic active gastritis and gastric erosions. The goal of the present study was to characterize and to compare strains isolated from animals originating from two different geographical areas. Gross and microscopic pathology determined at the time of necropsy was similar in all animals. H. pylori were isolated from specimens harvested in five monkeys (four from Vietnam and one from the Philippines) with gastritis. Isolates from monkeys bred in Vietnam had a similar DNA fingerprint pattern, which was distinct from that of isolates from a monkey bred in the Philippines. All strains were of the s1a vacA subtype, but all the 'Vietnamese' strains were cagA super(+) and all but one were iceA1 whereas the 'Philippino' strains were cagA super(-) and iceA2. The sequences of the 16S rRNA of the Vietnamese and Philippino strains shared 98% homology and both clustered with H. pylori sequences present in the NCBI database. In conclusion, cynomolgus monkeys can be naturally colonized by H. pylori, and the strains isolated from these animals appear to vary according to the geographical origin, thus indicating probable infection prior to importation. Since some of the cynomolgus monkeys developed antral erosions during natural infection, we propose that this animal model may be used to investigate the role of H. pylori in ulcerogenesis. JF - Veterinary Microbiology AU - Doi, Sonia Q AU - Kimbason, Tara AU - Reindel, James AU - Dubois, Andre AD - Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Room A3075, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA, adubois@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 133 EP - 139 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 108 IS - 1-2 SN - 0378-1135, 0378-1135 KW - Crab-eating macaque KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Nonhuman primate KW - Cynomolgus monkey KW - Gastritis KW - Gastric erosions KW - 16S ribosomal RNA KW - Helicobacter pylori KW - DNA fingerprinting KW - DNA sequencing KW - Genotyping KW - Stomach KW - Animal model KW - Autopsy KW - Databases KW - Geographical distribution KW - Macaca fascicularis KW - Chronic infection KW - Animal models KW - Importation KW - rRNA 16S KW - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17468295?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Veterinary+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Molecular+characterization+of+Helicobacter+pylori+strains+isolated+from+cynomolgus+monkeys+%28M.+fascicularis%29&rft.au=Doi%2C+Sonia+Q%3BKimbason%2C+Tara%3BReindel%2C+James%3BDubois%2C+Andre&rft.aulast=Doi&rft.aufirst=Sonia&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Veterinary+Microbiology&rft.issn=03781135&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.vetmic.2005.04.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA fingerprinting; Databases; Autopsy; Geographical distribution; Chronic infection; Animal models; Importation; rRNA 16S; Gastritis; Helicobacter pylori; Macaca fascicularis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2005.04.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lead (II) Ion Inhibition of Respiration and Replication in a Toluene-Enriched Microbial Population AN - 17468052; 6655599 JF - Bioremediation Journal AU - Burggraf, L W AU - Marbas, PJS AU - Bleckmann, CA AU - Goodbody, J AD - Department of Engineering Physics, Air Force Institute of Technology, WPAFB, Ohio, USA Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 63 EP - 75 VL - 9 IS - 2 SN - 1088-9868, 1088-9868 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Bioremediation KW - Replication KW - Toluene KW - Respiration KW - Lead KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - A 01055:Other soil treatments KW - W2 32510:Waste treatment, environment, pollution KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 210:Bioremediation, Bioreactors & BioCycling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17468052?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation+Journal&rft.atitle=Lead+%28II%29+Ion+Inhibition+of+Respiration+and+Replication+in+a+Toluene-Enriched+Microbial+Population&rft.au=Burggraf%2C+L+W%3BMarbas%2C+PJS%3BBleckmann%2C+CA%3BGoodbody%2C+J&rft.aulast=Burggraf&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation+Journal&rft.issn=10889868&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F10889860500276300 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioremediation; Replication; Respiration; Lead; Toluene DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10889860500276300 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Embedded Weapons-Grade Tungsten Alloy Shrapnel Rapidly Induces Metastatic High-Grade Rhabdomyosarcomas in F344 Rats AN - 17383145; 6489039 AB - Continuing concern regarding the potential health and environmental effects of depleted uranium and lead has resulted in many countries adding tungsten alloy (WA)-based munitions to their battlefield arsenals as replacements for these metals. Because the alloys used in many munitions are relatively recent additions to the list of militarily relevant metals, very little is known about the health effects of these metals after internalization as embedded shrapnel. Previous work in this laboratory developed a rodent model system that mimicked shrapnel loads seen in wounded personnel from the 1991 Persian Gulf War. In the present study, we used that system and male F344 rats, implanted intramuscularly with pellets (1 mm x 2 mm cylinders) of weapons-grade WA, to simulate shrapnel wounds. Rats were implanted with 4 (low dose) or 20 pellets (high dose) of WA. Tantalum (20 pellets) and nickel (20 pellets) served as negative and positive controls, respectively. The high-dose WA-implanted rats (n = 46) developed extremely aggressive tumors surrounding the pellets within 4-5 months after implantation. The low-dose WA-implanted rats (n = 46) and nickel- implanted rats (n = 36) also developed tumors surrounding the pellets but at a slower rate. Rats implanted with tantalum (n = 46), an inert control metal, did not develop tumors. Tumor yield was 100% in both the low- and high-dose WA groups. The tumors, characterized as high-grade pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcomas by histopathology and immunohistochemical examination, rapidly metastasized to the lung and necessitated euthanasia of the animal. Significant hematologic changes, indicative of polycythemia, were also observed in the high-dose WA-implanted rats. These changes were apparent as early as 1 month postimplantation in the high-dose WA rats, well before any overt signs of tumor development. These results point out the need for further studies investigating the health effects of tungsten and tungsten- based alloys. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Kalinich, J F AU - Emond, CA AU - Dalton, T K AU - Mog AU - Coleman, G D AU - Kordell, JE AU - Miller, A C AU - McClain, DE AD - Heavy Metals Research Team, AFRRI, 8901 Wisconsin Ave., Bethesda, MD 20889- 5603, USA, kalinich@afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 729 EP - 734 VL - 113 IS - 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Polycythemia KW - Gulf War KW - Arabian Sea, Persian Gulf KW - Nickel KW - Animal models KW - Environmental health KW - Histopathology KW - Lead KW - Tungsten KW - Rats KW - Metastases KW - Personnel KW - Uranium KW - Environmental effects KW - Alloys KW - alloys KW - tantalum KW - Rhabdomyosarcoma KW - Metals KW - Tantalum KW - Wounds KW - Depleted uranium KW - Lung KW - Radioisotopes KW - X 24222:Analytical procedures KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17383145?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Embedded+Weapons-Grade+Tungsten+Alloy+Shrapnel+Rapidly+Induces+Metastatic+High-Grade+Rhabdomyosarcomas+in+F344+Rats&rft.au=Kalinich%2C+J+F%3BEmond%2C+CA%3BDalton%2C+T+K%3BMog%3BColeman%2C+G+D%3BKordell%2C+JE%3BMiller%2C+A+C%3BMcClain%2C+DE&rft.aulast=Kalinich&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=729&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.7791 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Polycythemia; Metals; Gulf War; Nickel; Animal models; Lead; Tungsten; Wounds; Metastases; Lung; Personnel; Uranium; Environmental effects; alloys; tantalum; Rhabdomyosarcoma; Rats; Depleted uranium; Tantalum; Radioisotopes; Histopathology; Environmental health; Alloys; Arabian Sea, Persian Gulf DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.7791 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Apparent Predation by Gray Jays, Perisoreus canadensis, on Long-toed Salamanders, Ambystoma macrodactylum, in the Oregon Cascade Range AN - 17276353; 6992292 AB - We report observations of Gray Jays (Perisoreus canadensis) appearing to consume larval Long-toed Salamanders (Ambystoma macrodactylum) in a drying subalpine pond in Oregon, USA. Corvids are known to prey upon a variety of anuran amphibians, but to our knowledge, this is the first report of predation by any corvid on aquatic salamanders. Long-toed Salamanders appear palatable to Gray Jays, and may provide a food resource to Gray Jays when salamander larvae are concentrated in drying temporary ponds. JF - Canadian Field-Naturalist AU - Murray, M P AU - Pearl, CA AU - Bury, R B AD - Crater Lake National Park, P.O. Box 7, Crater Lake, OR 97604, USA, Michael_Murray@nps.gov Y1 - 2005/06// PY - 2005 DA - Jun 2005 SP - 291 EP - 292 VL - 119 IS - 2 SN - 0008-3550, 0008-3550 KW - Gray jay KW - Long-toed salamander KW - Ecology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts KW - Predatory behavior KW - Caudata KW - Predation KW - Anura KW - Drying KW - Ambystoma macrodactylum KW - Perisoreus canadensis KW - Environmental factors KW - Ponds KW - Prey KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Y 25596:Birds UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17276353?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Field-Naturalist&rft.atitle=Apparent+Predation+by+Gray+Jays%2C+Perisoreus+canadensis%2C+on+Long-toed+Salamanders%2C+Ambystoma+macrodactylum%2C+in+the+Oregon+Cascade+Range&rft.au=Murray%2C+M+P%3BPearl%2C+CA%3BBury%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Murray&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Field-Naturalist&rft.issn=00083550&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Predatory behavior; Predation; Drying; Environmental factors; Prey; Ponds; Caudata; Anura; Perisoreus canadensis; Ambystoma macrodactylum ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The delta opioid receptor agonist, SNC80, has complex, dose-dependent effects on pilocarpine-induced seizures in Sprague-Dawley rats. AN - 67854177; 15910761 AB - Delta opioid receptor (DOR) selective agonists hold promise clinically as analgesics, but their effects on seizures remain controversial. In this study we examined the effects of the DOR agonist, (+)-4-[(alpha R)-alpha-((2S,5R)-4-allyl-2,5-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)-3-methoxybenzyl]-N,N-diethyl-benzamide (SNC80), on behavioral seizures and hippocampal histopathology in the pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Systemic administration of SNC80 (30 or 60 mg/kg) alone elicited brief seizures within minutes of injection in about half of all rats. When SNC80 (30 or 60 mg/kg) was given prior to pilocarpine administration, trends toward increased latencies to first seizure and status epilepticus (SE) were seen, which correlated with the incidence of a prior, brief SNC80-induced seizure. Significant dose-dependent effects of SNC80 also were observed. Prior administration of SNC80 (30 mg/kg) significantly decreased the number of rats exhibiting acute pilocarpine-induced seizures and overall seizure severity compared to rats given pilocarpine alone, suggesting that SNC80 was anticonvulsant. SNC80 (60 mg/kg) also decreased overall seizure severity. However, SNC80 (60 mg/kg) doubled the total seizure time and the number of rats exhibiting prolonged SE compared to pilocarpine alone, further suggesting that SNC80 has pro-convulsant properties. Significant effects of SNC80 on pilocarpine-induced seizures did not correlate with the occurrence of a prior SNC80-induced seizure. The degree of hilar neuron loss and mossy fiber sprouting correlated strongly with prolonged SE rather than dose of SNC80 (> or =60 min), suggesting that SNC80 did not dramatically alter pilocarpine-induced seizures in the absence of behavioral modifications. Our results demonstrate that the DOR agonist, SNC80, has complex, dose-dependent effects on pilocarpine-induced seizures. JF - Brain research AU - Bausch, Suzanne B AU - Garland, Joshua P AU - Yamada, Jaclyn AD - Department of Pharmacology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. sbausch@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2005/05/31/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 31 SP - 38 EP - 44 VL - 1045 IS - 1-2 SN - 0006-8993, 0006-8993 KW - Anticonvulsants KW - 0 KW - Benzamides KW - Convulsants KW - Muscarinic Agonists KW - Narcotics KW - Piperazines KW - Receptors, Opioid, delta KW - Pilocarpine KW - 01MI4Q9DI3 KW - 4-(alpha-(4-allyl-2,5-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)-3-methoxybenzyl)-N,N-diethylbenzamide KW - 156727-74-1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Reaction Time -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Narcotics -- adverse effects KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Anticonvulsants -- administration & dosage KW - Convulsants -- administration & dosage KW - Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal -- physiopathology KW - Reaction Time -- physiology KW - Drug Interactions -- physiology KW - Hippocampus -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Muscarinic Agonists -- pharmacology KW - Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal -- drug effects KW - Hippocampus -- physiopathology KW - Male KW - Seizures -- chemically induced KW - Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe -- physiopathology KW - Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe -- chemically induced KW - Seizures -- physiopathology KW - Receptors, Opioid, delta -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Opioid, delta -- agonists KW - Seizures -- drug therapy KW - Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe -- drug therapy KW - Benzamides -- administration & dosage KW - Piperazines -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67854177?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+research&rft.atitle=The+delta+opioid+receptor+agonist%2C+SNC80%2C+has+complex%2C+dose-dependent+effects+on+pilocarpine-induced+seizures+in+Sprague-Dawley+rats.&rft.au=Bausch%2C+Suzanne+B%3BGarland%2C+Joshua+P%3BYamada%2C+Jaclyn&rft.aulast=Bausch&rft.aufirst=Suzanne&rft.date=2005-05-31&rft.volume=1045&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=38&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+research&rft.issn=00068993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-18 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - TATRC's interest in imaging and M&S standards - Why you should be interested, too AN - 40000249; 3929632 AU - Curley, K C Y1 - 2005/05/25/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 25 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40000249?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=TATRC%27s+interest+in+imaging+and+M%26amp%3BS+standards+-+Why+you+should+be+interested%2C+too&rft.au=Curley%2C+K+C&rft.aulast=Curley&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2005-05-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Aligned Management Associates, Inc., 1835 South Centre City Parkway, PMB #513, Escondido, CA 92025, USA; phone: 760-839-1200; fax: 760-839-1250; email: http://www.nextmed.com N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Family history of alcoholism and response to amphetamine: sex differences in the effect of risk. AN - 67829839; 15897722 AB - Individuals at risk for alcoholism exhibit an enhanced stimulant response to alcohol. It is not known whether individuals at risk also exhibit a heightened sensitivity to other drugs with stimulant properties. Healthy young men and women each received, in separate sessions, placebo and 10 mg of d-amphetamine in counterbalanced order. Stimulant and sedative subjective effects were recorded before and three times after capsule administration using the Biphasic Alcohol Effects Scale. The sample comprised 19 family-history-positive (FHP; 58% women) and 53 family-history-negative (FHN; 51% women) participants. As compared with placebo, amphetamine increased ratings of stimulation in the sample as a whole. In addition, the ratings revealed an enhanced, as well as a protracted, stimulant response to amphetamine among FHP men, as compared with FHN men: for FHP men, ratings of stimulation made 3 and 6 hr after amphetamine administration were greater than baseline ratings. Moreover, in FHP men, the effect of amphetamine, as compared with placebo, was most evident 6 hr after capsule administration. In contrast, despite a dose x hour interaction in FHN men, post hoc comparisons revealed no differences between the baseline and any of the postamphetamine measurements or between amphetamine and placebo ratings at any of the time points. Among women, the drug effect did not differentiate the family-history groups. Consistent with previous research on alcohol, high-risk men exhibited a heightened stimulant response to amphetamine. Thus, for men, sensitivity to the stimulant properties of drugs may be an endophenotype for alcoholism. Whereas the present results suggest that women at risk do not exhibit an enhanced stimulant response to amphetamine, further study is needed, including evaluation at various points in the menstrual cycle. JF - Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research AU - Gabbay, Frances H AD - Clinical Psychophysiology and Psychopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799, USA. fgabbay@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 773 EP - 780 VL - 29 IS - 5 SN - 0145-6008, 0145-6008 KW - Central Nervous System Depressants KW - 0 KW - Central Nervous System Stimulants KW - Hypnotics and Sedatives KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - Dextroamphetamine KW - TZ47U051FI KW - Index Medicus KW - Risk KW - Central Nervous System Depressants -- pharmacology KW - Sex Characteristics KW - Ethanol -- pharmacology KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Male KW - Female KW - Central Nervous System Stimulants -- pharmacology KW - Alcoholism -- genetics KW - Dextroamphetamine -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67829839?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Alcoholism%2C+clinical+and+experimental+research&rft.atitle=Family+history+of+alcoholism+and+response+to+amphetamine%3A+sex+differences+in+the+effect+of+risk.&rft.au=Gabbay%2C+Frances+H&rft.aulast=Gabbay&rft.aufirst=Frances&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=773&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Alcoholism%2C+clinical+and+experimental+research&rft.issn=01456008&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-27 N1 - Date created - 2005-05-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temporomandibular joint inflammation potentiates the excitability of trigeminal root ganglion neurons innervating the facial skin in rats. AN - 67767119; 15625101 AB - The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that temporomandibular joint (TMJ) inflammation alters the excitability of trigeminal root ganglion (TRG) neurons innervating the facial skin, by using behavioral, electrophysiological, molecular, and immunohistochemical approaches. Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) was injected into the rat TMJ to produce inflammation. The threshold for escape from mechanical stimulation applied to the orofacial area in TMJ-inflamed rats was significantly lower than that in naïve rats. The TRG neurons innervating the inflamed TMJ were labeled by 2% Fluorogold (FG) injection into the TMJ. The number of FG-labeled substance P (SP)-immunoreactive neurons in the inflamed rats was significantly increased compared with that in the naïve rats. On the other hand, medium- and large-diameter TRG neurons (>30 microm) innervating the facial skin were labeled by FG injection into the facial skin. In the FG-labeled cutaneous TRG neurons, the occurrence of SP (100 nM) induced membrane depolarization in inflamed rats (medium: 73.3%, large : 85.7%) was larger than that in the naïve rats (medium: 29.4%, large : 0%). In addition, SP application significantly increased the firing rate evoked by depolarizing pulses in the neurons of inflamed rats compared with those of naïve rats. Quantitative single-cell RT-PCR analysis showed the increased expression of mRNA for the NK1 receptor in FG-labeled TRG neurons in inflamed rats compared with that in naive rats. The numbers of SP and NK1 receptors/neurofilament 200 positive immunoreactive TRG neurons innervating the facial skin (FG-labeled) in the inflamed rats were significantly increased compared with those seen in naïve rats. These results suggest that TMJ inflammation can alter the excitability of medium- and large-diameter TRG neurons innervating the facial skin and that an increase in SP/NK1 receptors in their soma may contribute to the mechanism underlying the trigeminal inflammatory allodynia in the TMJ disorder. JF - Journal of neurophysiology AU - Takeda, Mamoru AU - Tanimoto, Takeshi AU - Ikeda, Mizuho AU - Nasu, Masanori AU - Kadoi, Jun AU - Shima, Yukio AU - Ohta, Hidehiko AU - Matsumoto, Shigeji AD - Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry at Tokyo, Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20, Fujimi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan. m-takeda@tokyo.ndu.ac.jp Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 2723 EP - 2738 VL - 93 IS - 5 SN - 0022-3077, 0022-3077 KW - 2-hydroxy-4,4'-diamidinostilbene, methanesulfonate salt KW - 0 KW - Neurofilament Proteins KW - Quinuclidines KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Receptors, Neurokinin-1 KW - Stilbamidines KW - neurofilament protein H KW - 108688-71-7 KW - L 703606 KW - 144425-84-3 KW - Substance P KW - 33507-63-0 KW - Freund's Adjuvant KW - 9007-81-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Electric Stimulation -- methods KW - Drug Interactions KW - Membrane Potentials -- radiation effects KW - Cell Size KW - Membrane Potentials -- physiology KW - Behavior, Animal KW - RNA, Messenger -- biosynthesis KW - Rats KW - Quinuclidines -- pharmacology KW - Escape Reaction -- physiology KW - Stilbamidines -- metabolism KW - Functional Laterality -- physiology KW - Male KW - Patch-Clamp Techniques -- methods KW - Sensory Thresholds -- physiology KW - Substance P -- metabolism KW - Neurofilament Proteins -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Neurokinin-1 -- metabolism KW - Immunohistochemistry -- methods KW - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction -- methods KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- physiology KW - Substance P -- pharmacology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Cell Count -- methods KW - Rats, Wistar KW - Membrane Potentials -- drug effects KW - Skin -- physiopathology KW - Trigeminal Ganglion -- metabolism KW - Neurons -- classification KW - Trigeminal Ganglion -- pathology KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Temporomandibular Joint Disorders -- physiopathology KW - Neurons -- radiation effects KW - Neurons -- physiology KW - Temporomandibular Joint Disorders -- chemically induced KW - Skin -- innervation KW - Face UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67767119?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+neurophysiology&rft.atitle=Temporomandibular+joint+inflammation+potentiates+the+excitability+of+trigeminal+root+ganglion+neurons+innervating+the+facial+skin+in+rats.&rft.au=Takeda%2C+Mamoru%3BTanimoto%2C+Takeshi%3BIkeda%2C+Mizuho%3BNasu%2C+Masanori%3BKadoi%2C+Jun%3BShima%2C+Yukio%3BOhta%2C+Hidehiko%3BMatsumoto%2C+Shigeji&rft.aulast=Takeda&rft.aufirst=Mamoru&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2723&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+neurophysiology&rft.issn=00223077&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-13 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Functional diversity of AT2 receptor orthologues in closely related species. AN - 67756991; 15840019 AB - The most striking feature of life is biodiversity. However, mechanisms of biodiversity remain poorly understood, as most protein orthologues of different species are highly homologous in sequence and identical in function. Interestingly, recent evidence has demonstrated heterogeneity for a G protein-coupled angiotensin II (Ang II) type 2 (AT(2)) receptor in both ligand binding and induction of arachidonic acid (AA) release. The present study investigated the properties of AT(2) receptors in closely related species. AT(2) receptors cloned from human, rabbit, rat, and mouse were expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO-K1), African green monkey kidney cells (COS-1), and human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 cells and characterized in ligand binding and signal transductions. Critical residues in rabbit AT(2) receptor attributable to heterogeneity were examined using both gain-of-function and loss-of-function approaches with mutagenesis. The newly cloned rabbit AT(2) receptor exhibits distinct biochemical and biologic properties compared to its highly homologous orthologues (91% in overall amino acid sequence) of rat, mouse, and human. All these orthologues activate SH2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 (SHP-1) and show similar binding affinities for Ang II and AT(2)-specific ligands CGP42112A and PD123319. However, reducing agent dithiothreitol (DTT) inactivates the rabbit orthologue but potentiates the others in ligand binding, a hallmark of AT(2) versus AT(1) receptor subtypes. Most interestingly, rabbit AT(2) receptor, but not the other orthologues, induces AA release in various cell systems when stimulated by both Ang II and CGP42112A, the peptide antagonist. Mutagenesis studies and sequence analyses further indicate that residues His(106), Asp(188), and Thr(293) are responsible for the DTT inactivation and residues Val(209) and Val(249) are partially responsible for AA release. These results deny the coexistence of an additional AT(2) subtype in rabbit proximal tubule cells and demonstrate for the first time the presence of functional diversity for closely related Eutherian orthologues of a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that are more than 90% homologous in the amino acid sequence. JF - Kidney international AU - Feng, Ying-Hong AU - Zhou, Lingyin AU - Sun, Yan AU - Douglas, Janice G AD - Department of Pharmacology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA. yhfeng@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 1731 EP - 1738 VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0085-2538, 0085-2538 KW - DNA, Complementary KW - 0 KW - Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins KW - Ligands KW - Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2 KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Arachidonic Acid KW - 27YG812J1I KW - Protein Phosphatase 1 KW - EC 3.1.3.16 KW - PTPN6 protein, human KW - EC 3.1.3.48 KW - Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6 KW - Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases KW - Ptpn6 protein, mouse KW - Ptpn6 protein, rat KW - Dithiothreitol KW - T8ID5YZU6Y KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases -- metabolism KW - COS Cells KW - Humans KW - Rats KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Phosphorylation KW - Recombinant Proteins -- metabolism KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - CHO Cells KW - Binding Sites -- genetics KW - Sequence Homology, Amino Acid KW - Amino Acid Substitution KW - DNA, Complementary -- genetics KW - Rabbits KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Mice KW - Recombinant Proteins -- genetics KW - Arachidonic Acid -- metabolism KW - Cloning, Molecular KW - Base Sequence KW - Kinetics KW - Cercopithecus aethiops KW - Dithiothreitol -- pharmacology KW - Species Specificity KW - Cell Line KW - Cricetinae KW - Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2 -- metabolism KW - Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2 -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67756991?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kidney+international&rft.atitle=Functional+diversity+of+AT2+receptor+orthologues+in+closely+related+species.&rft.au=Feng%2C+Ying-Hong%3BZhou%2C+Lingyin%3BSun%2C+Yan%3BDouglas%2C+Janice+G&rft.aulast=Feng&rft.aufirst=Ying-Hong&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1731&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Kidney+international&rft.issn=00852538&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-22 N1 - Date created - 2005-04-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: FEBS Lett. 2000 Nov 3;484(2):133-8 [11068047] Hypertension. 1999 Feb;33(2):613-21 [10024316] J Biol Chem. 1999 Dec 10;274(50):35546-52 [10585429] J Mol Biol. 1999 Dec 17;294(5):1351-62 [10600390] Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2000 Mar;278(3):E357-74 [10710489] Pharmacol Ther. 1998 Dec;80(3):231-64 [9888696] Cell. 2001 Apr 6;105(1):103-13 [11301006] Syst Biol. 2000 Jun;49(2):183-201 [12118404] J Biol Chem. 2002 Apr 19;277(16):14294-8 [11847213] Nature. 2001 Oct 4;413(6855):514-9 [11586358] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Sep 17;99(19):12049-54 [12221292] Mol Pharmacol. 1991 Dec;40(6):895-9 [1684635] Mol Pharmacol. 1992 Feb;41(2):290-7 [1538709] Mol Pharmacol. 1992 Dec;42(6):964-70 [1336117] Am J Physiol. 1994 Nov;267(5 Pt 2):F776-82 [7977780] Hypertension. 1996 Oct;28(4):663-8 [8843895] Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 1997 Apr;45(1):108-16 [9105676] J Biol Chem. 1997 May 16;272(20):13066-72 [9148918] Biochem J. 1997 Jul 15;325 ( Pt 2):449-54 [9230127] Trends Pharmacol Sci. 1997 Jun;18(6):211-9 [9227000] Science. 1998 Mar 13;279(5357):1718-21 [9497290] Mol Pharmacol. 1998 Jul;54(1):22-32 [9658186] Biochemistry. 1998 Nov 10;37(45):15791-8 [9843384] Adv Exp Med Biol. 1996;396:199-208 [8726700] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Sep 26;92(20):9240-4 [7568109] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The neurology of aviation, underwater, and space environments. AN - 67505173; 15757796 AB - It can be seen that aspects of different environments can have adverse effects on normal, healthy nervous systems. Aerospace and underwater neurology consultants are often required to evaluate aviators, divers, or astronauts who have neurologic problem to determine whether they should be granted a waiver. In general, these considerations include course of the disorder (static, progressive, or paroxysmal), potential for sudden incapacitation that may compromise safety, predictability of course of the disorder, ability to monitor disease, and potential adverse effects of medications. A background in the toxic effects of an abnormal environment on the nervous system can be used to make better clinical judgements when considering effects of exposing someone with an abnormal nervous system to such environmental stressors. JF - Neurologic clinics AU - Jaffee, Michael S AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA. michael.jaffee@lackland.af.mil Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 541 EP - 552 VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0733-8619, 0733-8619 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Nervous System Diseases -- etiology KW - Aerospace Medicine KW - Occupational Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Naval Medicine KW - Neurology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67505173?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurologic+clinics&rft.atitle=The+neurology+of+aviation%2C+underwater%2C+and+space+environments.&rft.au=Jaffee%2C+Michael+S&rft.aulast=Jaffee&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=541&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurologic+clinics&rft.issn=07338619&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-05-12 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rortyan Pragmatism: "Where's the Beef" for Public Administration? AN - 60711612; 200516015 AB - This article responds to Hugh Miller's (2004) proposal, which advocated a shift to Rortyan pragmatism in public administration, by suggesting that Rortyan neopragmatism offers no improvements over John Dewey's classic pragmatism. Miller's work is lauded for the attention it has drawn to pragmatic approaches in general. Miller's point that pragmatism should be considered anew is accepted here. However, Miller's arguments are rejected, & it is argued that Dewey's pragmatism has been unduly ignored & should now be appreciated, explored, & utilized more fully. The works of several other respondents to Miller are mentioned, but the focus of this article is on other specific responses to Miller. 14 References. T. K. Brown JF - Administration & Society AU - Snider, Keith F AD - Graduate School Business & Public Policy, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 243 EP - 247 VL - 37 IS - 2 SN - 0095-3997, 0095-3997 KW - Rorty, Richard KW - Political Philosophy KW - Pragmatism KW - Public Administration KW - Dewey, John KW - article KW - 9263: public policy/administration; public administration/bureaucracy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60711612?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Administration+%26+Society&rft.atitle=Rortyan+Pragmatism%3A+%22Where%27s+the+Beef%22+for+Public+Administration%3F&rft.au=Snider%2C+Keith+F&rft.aulast=Snider&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Administration+%26+Society&rft.issn=00953997&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F0095399704274671 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - ADSODM N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Public Administration; Pragmatism; Dewey, John; Rorty, Richard; Political Philosophy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095399704274671 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sovereignty Reconsidered AN - 60705863; 200521786 AB - Sovereignty & statehood are in flux in Africa. International, subregional, national, & local experimentation in reponse to the erosion of sovereignty & may well take African countries in different directions. African states have begun to move away from colonially designed statehood systems to systems that respond to their current realities. Only time will tell if these new, flexible structures prove to be an effective reponse to a political environment in which state weakness poses several challenges. Adapted from the source document. JF - Current History AU - Lawson, Letitia AU - Rothchild, Donald AD - Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 228 EP - 235 VL - 104 IS - 682 SN - 0011-3530, 0011-3530 KW - State KW - Decolonization KW - Sovereignty KW - Africa KW - Political Change KW - article KW - 9083: government/political systems; comparative governments/political systems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60705863?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+History&rft.atitle=Sovereignty+Reconsidered&rft.au=Lawson%2C+Letitia%3BRothchild%2C+Donald&rft.aulast=Lawson&rft.aufirst=Letitia&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=682&rft.spage=228&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+History&rft.issn=00113530&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; Sovereignty; State; Decolonization; Political Change ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Model-data comparisons of shear waves in the nearshore AN - 51657648; 2005-076078 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Noyes, T James AU - Guza, R T AU - Feddersen, Falk AU - Elgar, Steve AU - Herbers, T H C Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 12 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 110 IS - C5 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - United States KW - currents KW - Northwest Atlantic KW - numerical models KW - analog simulation KW - longshore currents KW - Duck North Carolina KW - Dare County North Carolina KW - vorticity KW - equations KW - ocean currents KW - wavelength KW - ocean waves KW - North Carolina KW - shear KW - velocity KW - propagation KW - North Atlantic KW - flowmeters KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51657648?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Model-data+comparisons+of+shear+waves+in+the+nearshore&rft.au=Noyes%2C+T+James%3BGuza%2C+R+T%3BFeddersen%2C+Falk%3BElgar%2C+Steve%3BHerbers%2C+T+H+C&rft.aulast=Noyes&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=C5&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2004JC002541 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - analog simulation; Atlantic Ocean; currents; Dare County North Carolina; Duck North Carolina; equations; flowmeters; longshore currents; North Atlantic; North Carolina; Northwest Atlantic; numerical models; ocean currents; ocean waves; propagation; shear; United States; velocity; vorticity; wavelength DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004JC002541 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - MEASUREMENT OF CONCURRENT SELECTION EPISODES AN - 19338121; 8692195 AB - Current methods for measuring selection with longitudinal data have been developed with the assumption that episodes of selection are sequential. However, a number of empirical examinations have demonstrated that natural and sexual selection may act concurrently and in opposing directions. Other recent work has highlighted the difficulty of assigning fitness values for survival when reproduction and mortality within a population temporally overlap. I treat these as facets of a single problem; how to analyze selection where mortality and reproduction are concurrent. To address this problem, I formalize a method to estimate total fitness of individuals over a period of time utilizing longitudinal data. I then show how the fitness may be partitioned to provide two separate estimates of fitness for reproductive opportunity and reproductive success. In addition, another total fitness estimate for the period can be obtained from the two partitioned estimates. This procedure will allow calculation of total fitness where there are some missing datapoints for reproductive success of an individual. A simulation indicates that bias is generally low for the various fitness estimates. These methods should expand our ability to understand the interaction of different selection episodes. JF - Evolution AU - Hamon, Troy R AD - School of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, University of Washington, Box 355020, Seattle, Washington 98195-5020, troy_hamon@nps.gov Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 1096 EP - 1103 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. VL - 59 IS - 5 SN - 0014-3820, 0014-3820 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Integrative selection KW - measurement bias KW - mortality selection KW - partitioning fitness KW - residual selection KW - simultaneous selection KW - total fitness KW - Fitness KW - Mortality KW - Sexual selection KW - Data processing KW - Survival KW - Reproduction KW - Breeding success KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19338121?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Evolution&rft.atitle=MEASUREMENT+OF+CONCURRENT+SELECTION+EPISODES&rft.au=Hamon%2C+Troy+R&rft.aulast=Hamon&rft.aufirst=Troy&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1096&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Evolution&rft.issn=00143820&rft_id=info:doi/10.1554%2F03-766 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fitness; Sexual selection; Mortality; Data processing; Survival; Reproduction; Breeding success DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1554/03-766 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of a splint on measures of sustained grip exertion under different forearm and wrist postures AN - 17558045; 6447421 AB - Despite the facts that gripping tasks have been found to be highly correlated with CTS and that splints are gaining popularity as personal protective equipment, the influence of splints on grip performance has not been determined adequately. The present study intends to investigate the influence of splints without the volar parts as well as of forearm and wrist postures on grip performances including maximal volitional contraction (MVC), maximum acceptable sustained time (MAST), cumulated exertion output (CEO), and normalized exertion level (NEL). Twenty college-student volunteers, 10 males and 10 females, were recruited. The factors of interest were gender, forearm position, wrist deviation, and splint (with and without). The forearm positions were set at 30 internal shoulder rotation, 0 internal shoulder rotation, and 30 external shoulder rotation, the angles being measured between the sagittal plane and the long axis of dominant forearm. The wrist deviations were extension 30, neutral, and flexion 30, the angles being measured between the sagittal plane and the long axis of the grip gauge. The results indicate that the gender effect is the most dominantly significant on all evaluated response variables. Males have more MVC (220 vs. 337 N), longer MAST (20.2 vs. 10.5 s), and greater CEO (4306 vs. 1638 N s), but less NEL (66.6 vs. 73.9 %MVC). The forearm posture is shown to be significant only on MVC. In addition, the effect of wrist posture cannot shift all responses, nor can the effect of splints. In general, a splint without volar part seems to be recommended while performing infrequent and forceful gripping tasks under the consideration of prevention, but there should be more information about the application of a splint without volar part while performing a repetitively gripping task. JF - Applied Ergonomics AU - Shih, Y-C AD - Graduate Institute of Logistics Management, National Defense University, P.O. Box 90046-15, Chung-Ho, Taipei 235, Taiwan, syc@rs590.ndmc.edu.tw Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 293 EP - 299 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 36 IS - 3 SN - 0003-6870, 0003-6870 KW - grip strength KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Physical Education Index KW - Hands KW - Measurement KW - Casts KW - Man-machine interactions KW - Sex differences KW - Exertion KW - Arms KW - Performance KW - Interests KW - Wrists KW - Ergonomics KW - Equipment KW - College students KW - Preventive health KW - Protective equipment KW - Dominance KW - Gender KW - Shoulders KW - Posture KW - posture KW - Occupational health KW - H 10000:Ergonomics/Human Factors KW - PE 030:Exercise, Health & Physical Fitness UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17558045?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Ergonomics&rft.atitle=Effect+of+a+splint+on+measures+of+sustained+grip+exertion+under+different+forearm+and+wrist+postures&rft.au=Shih%2C+Y-C&rft.aulast=Shih&rft.aufirst=Y-C&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Ergonomics&rft.issn=00036870&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apergo.2005.01.001 LA - English DB - Physical Education Index; ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Casts; College students; Dominance; Arms; Wrists; Posture; Hands; Shoulders; Exertion; Measurement; Sex differences; Occupational health; Preventive health; Performance; Interests; Ergonomics; Equipment; posture; Gender; Man-machine interactions; Protective equipment DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2005.01.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Staphylococcus intermedius Produces a Functional agr Autoinducing Peptide Containing a Cyclic Lactone AN - 17537152; 6245857 AB - The agr system is a global regulator of accessory functions in staphylococci, including genes encoding exoproteins involved in virulence. The agr locus contains a two-component signal transduction module that is activated by an autoinducing peptide (AIP) encoded within the agr locus and is conserved throughout the genus. The AIP has an unusual partially cyclic structure that is essential for function and that, in all but one case, involves an internal thiolactone bond between a conserved cysteine and the C-terminal carboxyl group. The exceptional case is a strain of Staphylococcus intermedius that has a serine in place of the conserved cysteine. We demonstrate here that the S. intermedius AIP is processed by the S. intermedius AgrB protein to generate a cyclic lactone, that it is an autoinducer as well as a cross-inhibitor, and that all of five other S. intermedius strains examined also produce serine-containing AIPs. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Ji, Guangyong AU - Pei, Wuhong AU - Zhang, Linsheng AU - Qiu, Rongde AU - Lin, Jianqun AU - Benito, Yvonne AU - Lina, Gerard AU - Novick, Richard P AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, Maryland 20814. Centre National de Reference des Staphylocoques, INSERM E0230, IFR62 Laennec, 7 rue Guillaume Paradin, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France. Molecular Pathogenesis Program, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University Medical Center, 540 First Ave., New York, New York 10016 Y1 - 2005/05/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 May 01 SP - 3139 EP - 3150 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 187 IS - 9 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - autoinducing peptide KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts KW - lactones KW - AgrB protein KW - Virulence KW - Cysteine KW - thiolactone KW - Serine KW - Staphylococcus intermedius KW - Signal transduction KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics KW - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17537152?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=Staphylococcus+intermedius+Produces+a+Functional+agr+Autoinducing+Peptide+Containing+a+Cyclic+Lactone&rft.au=Ji%2C+Guangyong%3BPei%2C+Wuhong%3BZhang%2C+Linsheng%3BQiu%2C+Rongde%3BLin%2C+Jianqun%3BBenito%2C+Yvonne%3BLina%2C+Gerard%3BNovick%2C+Richard+P&rft.aulast=Ji&rft.aufirst=Guangyong&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=187&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=3139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Staphylococcus intermedius; lactones; Cysteine; Signal transduction; Virulence; Serine; thiolactone; AgrB protein ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phase 1 Safety and Pharmacokinetic Study of Chimeric Murine-Human Monoclonal Antibody c alpha Stx2 Administered Intravenously to Healthy Adult Volunteers AN - 17492754; 6276896 AB - Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) is a serious complication of infection by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli. Shiga toxin type 2 (Stx2) is responsible for the renal toxicity that can follow intestinal infection and hemorrhagic colitis due to E. coli. A chimeric mouse-human antibody, designated c alpha Stx2, that has neutralizing activity in a mouse model was produced and tested in healthy adult volunteers. In this phase I dose escalation study, c alpha Stx2 was generally well tolerated. Pharmacokinetic studies indicated that clearance was stable over the dose range of 1.0 to 10 mg/kg of body weight (0.249 plus or minus 0.023 ml/kg/h) but was higher for the 0.1-mg/kg dose (0.540 plus or minus 0.078 ml/kg/h), suggesting saturable elimination. A similar nonlinear trend was observed for the volume of distribution, where average values ranged from 0.064 plus or minus 0.015 liter/kg for the 1.0- to 10-mg/kg doses and 0.043 plus or minus 0.005 for the 0.01-mg/kg dose. The relatively small volume of distribution suggests that the antibody is limited to the vascular (plasma) compartment. The mean half-life was 165 plus or minus 66 h, with lowest values observed for the 0.1-mg/kg dose (56.2 plus or minus 9.7 h) and the highest values reported for the 10.0-mg/kg dose (206.4 plus or minus 12.4 h). Future studies are needed to confirm the safety of this c alpha Stx2, and innovative clinical trials will be required to measure its efficacy in preventing or treating HUS. JF - Antimicrobial Agents & Chemotherapy AU - Dowling, Thomas C AU - Chavaillaz, Pierre A AU - Young, David G AU - Melton-Celsa, Angela AU - O'Brien, Alison AU - Thuning-Roberson, Claire AU - Edelman, Robert AU - Tacket, Carol O AD - Pharmacy Practice and Science Department, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Allied Health Building, Room 540D, Baltimore, Maryland 21201. Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201. Sunol Molecular Corporation, 2810 North Commerce Parkway, Miramar, Florida 33025. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, Maryland 20814 Y1 - 2005/05// PY - 2005 DA - May 2005 SP - 1808 EP - 1812 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 49 IS - 5 SN - 0066-4804, 0066-4804 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Body weight KW - Monoclonal antibodies KW - Escherichia coli KW - Kidney KW - Intestine KW - Colitis KW - Pharmacokinetics KW - Shiga toxin KW - Antimicrobial agents KW - Vascular system KW - J 02832:Antigenic properties and virulence KW - J 02812:Antibacterial Agents: Others UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17492754?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Antimicrobial+Agents+%26+Chemotherapy&rft.atitle=Phase+1+Safety+and+Pharmacokinetic+Study+of+Chimeric+Murine-Human+Monoclonal+Antibody+c+alpha+Stx2+Administered+Intravenously+to+Healthy+Adult+Volunteers&rft.au=Dowling%2C+Thomas+C%3BChavaillaz%2C+Pierre+A%3BYoung%2C+David+G%3BMelton-Celsa%2C+Angela%3BO%27Brien%2C+Alison%3BThuning-Roberson%2C+Claire%3BEdelman%2C+Robert%3BTacket%2C+Carol+O&rft.aulast=Dowling&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2005-05-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1808&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Antimicrobial+Agents+%26+Chemotherapy&rft.issn=00664804&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Body weight; Monoclonal antibodies; Intestine; Kidney; Colitis; Shiga toxin; Pharmacokinetics; Vascular system; Antimicrobial agents; Escherichia coli ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Saudi Arabia-United States collaboration in health research: a formula for success. AN - 67569043; 15798676 AB - The aim of this article is to share our experiences from an international collaborative effort to study health outcomes among Saudi Arabian National Guard (SANG) soldiers following the 1991 Gulf War. By paying particular attention to distinct social and religious customs, geopolitical differences, and unique aspects of the health care system, we achieved a successful international collaboration in health research. JF - American journal of infection control AU - Hooper, Tomoko I AU - Smith, Tyler C AU - Gray, Gregory C AU - Al Qahtani, Mohammed S AU - Memish, Ziad A AU - Barrett, Drue H AU - Schlangen, Karen M AU - Cruess, David F AU - Ryan, Margaret A K AU - Gackstetter, Gary D AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799, USA. thooper@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 192 EP - 196 VL - 33 IS - 3 SN - 0196-6553, 0196-6553 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Environment KW - Cultural Characteristics KW - Saudi Arabia KW - Government KW - Politics KW - Military Personnel KW - Humans KW - Delivery of Health Care KW - Research -- organization & administration KW - International Cooperation KW - Persian Gulf Syndrome UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67569043?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+infection+control&rft.atitle=Saudi+Arabia-United+States+collaboration+in+health+research%3A+a+formula+for+success.&rft.au=Hooper%2C+Tomoko+I%3BSmith%2C+Tyler+C%3BGray%2C+Gregory+C%3BAl+Qahtani%2C+Mohammed+S%3BMemish%2C+Ziad+A%3BBarrett%2C+Drue+H%3BSchlangen%2C+Karen+M%3BCruess%2C+David+F%3BRyan%2C+Margaret+A+K%3BGackstetter%2C+Gary+D&rft.aulast=Hooper&rft.aufirst=Tomoko&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=192&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+infection+control&rft.issn=01966553&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-05-27 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Clinicopathological relevance of HER2/neu and a related gene-protein cubic regression correlation in colorectal adenocarcinomas in Taiwan. AN - 67493651; 15753987 AB - While HER2/neu receptor tyrosine kinase is involved in various malignancies, studies on colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRC) remain controversial. To try to clarify the role played by HER2/neu in CRC, sixty-seven CRC patients in Taiwan were analyzed. For this analysis, we used normalized dual-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and Photoshop-aided immunohistochemistry (IHC) between cancers and their autologous non-neoplastic epithelia. The results revealed that HER2/neu status was unrelated to age, sex, location and positive-nodal percentage. Intramucosal carcinomas had earlier HER2/neu protein upregulation than regional stromal invasion within Dukes' A, and had a gene level that had not risen yet. Both gene gains and protein increases were significant in later stages in regards to volumetric progression and nodal-metastatic Dukes' stage. Overall, there were 1.53-fold (gene) and 1.81-fold (protein) increases from non-neoplastic enterocytes to CRCs. The upregulating directions of gene (88%) and protein (88%) presented symmetric agreement. Most CRCs exhibited low to intermediate levels of HER2/neu overexpression with double-minute gene amplicons and cytosolic HER2/neu proteins. Normalized FISH and IHC showed high cubic-regression correlation, especially in Dukes' C. According to the correlation curve, the points with IHC index >2.41 and FISH ratio >1.22 defined the area where gene-amplification-dependent HER2/neu overexpression was present. Eleven (16%) patients had values above the cut-off point (IHC = 2.41 and FISH = 1.22), including 7 (10%) cases in cytosolic and 4 (6%) cases in membranous HER2/neu overexpressions. The results suggest that HER2/neu plays a crucial role in CRC tumorigenicity with gene-amplification-independent transcriptional activations early in the carcinogenesis, and gene-amplification-dependent overexpression later in the advanced stages. This indicates that HER2/neu can be a good biological marker for selecting patients that may improve under therapies that employ adequate HER2/neu-targeting strategies. JF - International journal of oncology AU - Li, Jhy-Wei AU - Chuang, Tzu-Chao AU - Yang, An-Hang AU - Hsu, Chien-Kang AU - Kao, Ming-Ching AD - Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, National Defense University, Neihu PO Box 90048-501, Taipei, Taiwan 114, ROC. Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 933 EP - 943 VL - 26 IS - 4 SN - 1019-6439, 1019-6439 KW - Biomarkers, Tumor KW - 0 KW - Receptor, ErbB-2 KW - EC 2.7.10.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Regression Analysis KW - Taiwan KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Prognosis KW - Neoplasm Metastasis KW - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Up-Regulation KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Male KW - Female KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic KW - Receptor, ErbB-2 -- genetics KW - Gene Expression Profiling KW - Receptor, ErbB-2 -- analysis KW - Neoplasm Staging KW - Genes, erbB-2 KW - Colorectal Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Biomarkers, Tumor -- analysis KW - Adenocarcinoma -- genetics KW - Colorectal Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Receptor, ErbB-2 -- biosynthesis KW - Adenocarcinoma -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67493651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+oncology&rft.atitle=Clinicopathological+relevance+of+HER2%2Fneu+and+a+related+gene-protein+cubic+regression+correlation+in+colorectal+adenocarcinomas+in+Taiwan.&rft.au=Li%2C+Jhy-Wei%3BChuang%2C+Tzu-Chao%3BYang%2C+An-Hang%3BHsu%2C+Chien-Kang%3BKao%2C+Ming-Ching&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Jhy-Wei&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=933&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+oncology&rft.issn=10196439&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-28 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of cytokines and growth factors in radioprotection. AN - 67435523; 15713443 AB - Cytokines and growth factors are growing groups of proteins that are responsible for the communication between cells of the immune system, hematopoietic cells, and other cell types. The cloning and large-scale production in a recombinant form of these agents in pharmacological quantities permitted investigations aimed at assessing the benefit they may provide in preserving and restoring functions of tissues compromised by irradiation. We have extensively examined past investigations which suggest that some cytokines and growth factors protect animals from radiation lethality when given prior to or after irradiation, and even in untreated animals, these cytokines serve in innate defenses against external stimuli. In contrast, some cytokines given before irradiation sensitize the animals to radiation lethality. Unfortunately, due to their adverse side effects, these cytokines were not found suitable as radioprotectors. Recent studies suggest that new approaches may bring cytokines and growth factors in clinic for radiation injury. The information and insight gained about therapeutic potential of cytokine manipulation will allow for more rational design of treatment protocols. JF - Experimental and molecular pathology AU - Singh, Vijay K AU - Yadav, Virendra S AD - Department of Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226 014, India. SINGH@afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 156 EP - 169 VL - 78 IS - 2 SN - 0014-4800, 0014-4800 KW - Cytokines KW - 0 KW - Growth Substances KW - Radiation-Protective Agents KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiation Injuries -- drug therapy KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Cytokines -- pharmacology KW - Growth Substances -- pharmacology KW - Radiation-Protective Agents -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67435523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experimental+and+molecular+pathology&rft.atitle=Role+of+cytokines+and+growth+factors+in+radioprotection.&rft.au=Singh%2C+Vijay+K%3BYadav%2C+Virendra+S&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Vijay&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=156&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+and+molecular+pathology&rft.issn=00144800&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-05-16 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Unrest in South Thailand: Contours, Causes, and Consequences since 2001 AN - 60704505; 200514628 AB - In the past three years, southern Thailand has seen a rise of ethnic-based violence in its southernmost provinces. The principle objective of this article is to examine contours, causes & consequences of this recent development. The main argument is that although several contentious religious, cultural, economic & political issues lie at the root of ethnic violence, the drift toward militancy in the past three years must be explained by other factors. Historical concerns, religious differences, & social & economic marginalization cause local grievances & a latent crisis in inter-ethnic relations in south Thailand. Nonetheless recent Islamization of Muslim minority identity, policy failures of the sitting government & low quality conflict management account more for the increased violence in recent years. These factors created changes in the "enabling environment" that are allowing insurgency in south Thailand to grow. While the overall assessment for conflict resolution in the short term is negative, the political fallout of the unrest may strike the already faltering democratic consolidation a heavy blow. 1 Table, 2 Figures, 44 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Contemporary Southeast Asia AU - Croissant, Aurel AD - Dept National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 21 EP - 43 VL - 27 IS - 1 SN - 0129-797X, 0129-797X KW - Political Violence KW - Ethnic Relations KW - Religious Cultural Groups KW - Thailand KW - Rebellions KW - Political Development KW - article KW - 9105: politics; national-level politics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60704505?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Contemporary+Southeast+Asia&rft.atitle=Unrest+in+South+Thailand%3A+Contours%2C+Causes%2C+and+Consequences+since+2001&rft.au=Croissant%2C+Aurel&rft.aulast=Croissant&rft.aufirst=Aurel&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Contemporary+Southeast+Asia&rft.issn=0129797X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Thailand; Ethnic Relations; Political Violence; Religious Cultural Groups; Rebellions; Political Development ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Rise of "Muslim Democracy" AN - 60702317; 200515752 AB - Explores the formation of Muslim Democracy & its political parties as a response to a practical synthesis of emerging opportunities & demands. The democratic consolidation of Muslim Democracy will be dependent upon commitment to liberal & secular values. The factors behind the rise of Muslim Democracy & the interaction of Muslim values & democracy are examined, with commentary on the events surrounding the historical rise of Christian Democracy. The cases of political parties in Pakistan & Turkey illustrate the rise of Muslim Democracy & its values, constituents, & challenges. L. Collins Leigh JF - Journal of Democracy AU - Nasr, Vali AD - US Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 13 EP - 27 VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 1045-5736, 1045-5736 KW - Pakistan KW - Islam KW - Political Ideologies KW - Turkey KW - Democracy KW - Political Development KW - Muslims KW - Political Parties KW - article KW - 9241: politics and religion; politics and religion KW - 9105: politics; national-level politics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60702317?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Democracy&rft.atitle=The+Rise+of+%22Muslim+Democracy%22&rft.au=Nasr%2C+Vali&rft.aulast=Nasr&rft.aufirst=Vali&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Democracy&rft.issn=10455736&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Islam; Democracy; Political Parties; Political Ideologies; Turkey; Political Development; Muslims; Pakistan ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Postwar Iraq's Financial System: Building from Scratch AN - 60697073; 200515194 AB - The development of Iraq's financial sector since the removal of the Saddam Hussein regime is studied to determine the Coalition Provisional Authority's influence upon Iraq's strategy for economic growth, whether necessary institutional structures have been integrated into the Iraqi state, & whether the nation's financial structures are in accordance with its position within the global economy. After reviewing the economic strategy enacted by the Coalition Provisional Authority for postwar Iraq, scrutiny of the nation's banking system & of the vitality of the Central Bank of Iraq is conducted; specific attention is dedicated to examining the mechanisms, objectives, & prospects for the monetary & exchange-rate policies implemented by the Central Bank of Iraq. Several current & impending difficulties facing the Central Bank of Iraq are identified, eg, can the federal bank prevent rapid inflation & prevent other financial emergencies. In addition, the problems, reforms, development targets, & other priorities of Iraq's predominant state financial institutions, small private banks, & foreign banks are contemplated. It is concluded that the Iraqi public may ultimately reject the current banking system since it is exceptional in relation to the financial institutions of other Middle Eastern nations. 2 Figures. J. W. Parker JF - Middle East Policy AU - Looney, Robert AD - Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 134 EP - 149 VL - 12 IS - 1 SN - 1061-1924, 1061-1924 KW - World Economy KW - Economic Development KW - Banking KW - Economic Structure KW - Economic Planning KW - Political Development KW - Iraq KW - article KW - 9141: political economy; political economy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60697073?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Middle+East+Policy&rft.atitle=Postwar+Iraq%27s+Financial+System%3A+Building+from+Scratch&rft.au=Looney%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Looney&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Middle+East+Policy&rft.issn=10611924&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Iraq; Political Development; Economic Development; Economic Structure; World Economy; Banking; Economic Planning ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Arms Sales and Technology Transfer in Indo-Israeli Relations AN - 60691081; 200521206 AB - Israel has become one of India's main suppliers of weapons & defense technologies. This relationship is significant to Asia because it highlights the growing military reach & ambitions of India as it strives to play a major role in Asian security, particularly throughout the Indian Ocean. This relationship is also significant because it underscores the growing competition among suppliers of weapons to Asian markets, the links between India & both Israel & America expressed in India's new strategic partnership with Washington, & the threat posed by Israeli & American competition to Russian arms producers in Asia. 21 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - The Journal of East Asian Affairs AU - Blank, Stephen AD - Strategic Studies Instit, U.S. Army War Coll stephen.blank@carlisle.army.mil Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 200 EP - 241 VL - 19 IS - 1 SN - 1010-1608, 1010-1608 KW - Arms Sales, Bilateral Defense Cooperation, Indo-Israeli Relations, Strategic Partnership, Technology Transfer KW - Arms Trade KW - International Relations KW - Israel KW - Technology Transfer KW - India KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60691081?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+East+Asian+Affairs&rft.atitle=Arms+Sales+and+Technology+Transfer+in+Indo-Israeli+Relations&rft.au=Blank%2C+Stephen&rft.aulast=Blank&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=200&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+East+Asian+Affairs&rft.issn=10101608&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - India; Israel; Technology Transfer; Arms Trade; International Relations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Meta-Strategic Lobbying: The 1998 Steel Imports Case AN - 60573286; 200518419 AB - In 1998, the domestic steel industry in the United States devised & executed a complex & sophisticated effort to achieve an effective non-market response to a sudden, persistent, & damaging surge of imported steel. This campaign lasted until 2002, when President George W. Bush invoked Section 201 of the U.S. trade laws to impose tariffs on imports of most steel products. This case of the steel industry's trade policy campaign provides an opportunity to examine selected models of protection-seeking industries & lobbying to ask why & how the steel coalition achieved this extraordinary governmental response. These questions are explored though a descriptive case of the steel industry's protection-seeking campaign followed by a comparative examination of previous models of protection-seeking firms, & lobbying to achieve protectionist policies. A comparison with selected models of the determinants of protection-seeking & factors affecting lobbying strategies show that most, almost all, were present in the steel case. In fact, a meta-strategic approach that transcends the customary understanding of lobbying is suggested in a complex policy environment. Such an environment can be characterized by: the need to influence multiple governmental entities -- legislative, regulatory, executive; the desire for multiple outcomes with varying levels of specificity -- laws or resolutions, administrative rulings, policy choices; interactions between different levels & branches of government; employment of coordinated interrelated lobbying techniques; & simultaneity of these factors. Adapted from the source document. JF - Business and Politics AU - Brook, Douglas A AD - Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1469-3569, 1469-3569 KW - *Exports and Imports KW - *Lobbying KW - *Protectionism KW - *Metal Industry KW - *United States of America KW - *Taxation KW - article KW - 9105: politics; national-level politics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60573286?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Business+and+Politics&rft.atitle=Meta-Strategic+Lobbying%3A+The+1998+Steel+Imports+Case&rft.au=Brook%2C+Douglas+A&rft.aulast=Brook&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Business+and+Politics&rft.issn=14693569&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 62 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - *Metal Industry; *Lobbying; *Exports and Imports; *Taxation; *Protectionism; *United States of America ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Hard Day's Night? The United States and the Global War on Terrorism AN - 59696709; 200602106 AB - This paper examines the jihadist threat & its implications for the global war on terrorism (GWOT) -- a threat noted for its commitment, determination, innovation, & lethality. The United States is struggling to configure its instruments of national power to address a threat that has thus far proven unresponsive to these national instruments. The paper argues that the jihadist threat needs to be framed in the context of fundamental changes in the dynamics of the international system. These dynamics have left the United States struggling to conceptually bound & define the jihadist threat in the new security environment. This paper offers explanations for this struggle & concludes that if not successful in bounding & understanding the threat that the United States may win battles in the GWOT, but it can never win the wider war. Adapted from the source document. JF - Comparative Strategy AU - Johnson, Thomas H AU - Russell, James A AD - Dept National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - April 2005 SP - 127 EP - 151 VL - 24 IS - 2 SN - 0149-5933, 0149-5933 KW - Terrorism KW - War KW - United States of America KW - International Relations KW - National Security KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59696709?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Comparative+Strategy&rft.atitle=A+Hard+Day%27s+Night%3F+The+United+States+and+the+Global+War+on+Terrorism&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Thomas+H%3BRussell%2C+James+A&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Comparative+Strategy&rft.issn=01495933&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F01495930590952315 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Terrorism; United States of America; War; International Relations; National Security DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01495930590952315 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk Factors for Sternal and Leg Surgical Site Infections after Cardiac Surgery in Taiwan AN - 20713648; 6187191 AB - To account for time factors related to hospitalization, the authors calculated incidence rates of surgical site infection (SSI) instead of cumulative incidence and assessed risk factors for SSI after cardiac surgery. From July 1999 to August 2000, all cardiac surgery patients in the Taipei Veterans General Hospital (Taipei, Taiwan) were invited to join the study. Data were collected by chart review, including information on patient characteristics and potential risk factors at the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative stages. The authors employed multiple logistic regression analyses using a generalized logit model to assess associations of interest. SSI incidence rates were 2.5 episodes per 1,000 person-days for the sternum and 3.6 episodes per 1,000 person-days for the leg. After adjustment for covariates, age (in years), gender (female vs. male), New York Heart Association classification (moderate/severe vs. normal/mild), creatinine concentration (mg/dl), and duration of surgery (in minutes) were significantly associated with sternal SSI, while age, peripheral arterial occlusive disease, and length of stay in the intensive care unit (in hours) were significantly associated with leg SSI. In addition to patients' characteristics and health situations, the significant findings for duration of surgery and length of intensive care unit stay indicate that the incidence rate is more appropriate than cumulative incidence for studying risk factors for SSI. JF - American Journal of Epidemiology AU - Ku, Chih-Hung AU - Ku, Shu-Lin AU - Yin, Jeo-Chen AU - Lee, An-Jen AD - School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, National Defense University, Taipei, Taiwan Y1 - 2005/04/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Apr 01 SP - 661 EP - 671 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals Health, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 161 IS - 7 SN - 0002-9262, 0002-9262 KW - Risk Abstracts KW - Taiwan KW - Age KW - Reviews KW - Gender KW - classification KW - infection KW - Taiwan, Taipei KW - surgery KW - USA, New York KW - intensive care units KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20713648?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Epidemiology&rft.atitle=Risk+Factors+for+Sternal+and+Leg+Surgical+Site+Infections+after+Cardiac+Surgery+in+Taiwan&rft.au=Ku%2C+Chih-Hung%3BKu%2C+Shu-Lin%3BYin%2C+Jeo-Chen%3BLee%2C+An-Jen&rft.aulast=Ku&rft.aufirst=Chih-Hung&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=161&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=661&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Epidemiology&rft.issn=00029262&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Age; Reviews; classification; Gender; infection; surgery; intensive care units; Taiwan; Taiwan, Taipei; USA, New York ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid sodium cyanide depletion in cell culture media: Outgassing of hydrogen cyanide at physiological pH AN - 20241353; 6214132 AB - During the course of in vitro studies on cyanide exposure with SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells, we found that sodium cyanide (NaCN) up to a concentration of 10 mM had no significant toxic effect under our culture conditions. Further investigation of this apparent cyanide resistance revealed that the sodium cyanide was being rapidly depleted from the cell culture medium. Cyanide was interacting with constituents of the cell culture medium and was somehow being detoxified or removed from solution. The reaction of cyanide with cell culture media in 96-well culture plates reduced cyanide concentrations rapidly (80-90% in 2 h at 37 C). Running the same reaction in capped tubes significantly reduced cyanide loss from solution. Incubation of cyanide with individual constituents of the cell culture medium in solution showed that glucose, phenol red, and amino acids all acted to detoxify or remove cyanide from solution. When amino acids or buffers were incubated with sodium cyanide in aqueous solution at pH 7.4, hydrogen cyanide (HCN) was found to degas from the solutions. We compared HCN outgassing over a range of pH values. As expected, HCN remained very soluble at high pH, but as the pH was reduced to 7.0, the rate of HCN formation and outgassing increased dramatically. Acid-base reactions involving cyanide and proton donors, such as amino acids and other cell culture media constituents, at physiological pH result in rapid HCN outgassing from solution at 37 C. These results indicate that previous in vitro cyanide toxicity studies done in standard culture media with prolonged incubation times using gas-exchanging culture containers might have to be reevaluated in light of the fact that the effective cyanide concentrations in the culture media were significantly lower than reported. JF - Analytical Biochemistry AU - Arun, P AU - Moffett, J R AU - Ives, JA AU - Todorov, TI AU - Centeno, JA AU - Namboodiri, MAA AU - Jonas, W B AD - Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Building C, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA, jmoffett@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 282 EP - 289 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 339 IS - 2 SN - 0003-2697, 0003-2697 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Neuroblastoma KW - SH-SY5Y cells KW - Hydrogen cyanide KW - Amino acids KW - Protons KW - Running KW - Glucose KW - Cell culture KW - Toxicity KW - Phenols KW - Cyanide KW - Neuroblastoma cells KW - pH effects KW - sodium cyanide KW - Media (culture) KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20241353?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Rapid+sodium+cyanide+depletion+in+cell+culture+media%3A+Outgassing+of+hydrogen+cyanide+at+physiological+pH&rft.au=Arun%2C+P%3BMoffett%2C+J+R%3BIves%2C+JA%3BTodorov%2C+TI%3BCenteno%2C+JA%3BNamboodiri%2C+MAA%3BJonas%2C+W+B&rft.aulast=Arun&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=339&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=282&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Biochemistry&rft.issn=00032697&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ab.2005.01.015 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Amino acids; Protons; Running; Hydrogen cyanide; Glucose; Cell culture; Toxicity; Phenols; Cyanide; Neuroblastoma cells; pH effects; Media (culture); sodium cyanide DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ab.2005.01.015 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - por Variable-Region Typing by DNA Probe Hybridization Is Broadly Applicable to Epidemiologic Studies of Neisseria gonorrhoeae AN - 17875155; 6268094 AB - The porin gene (porB) of Neisseria gonorrhoeae encodes the major outer membrane protein identified as PI or Por. To examine the utility of por variable-region (VR) typing, porB from 206 isolates was characterized by using oligonucleotide probes in a checkerboard hybridization assay that identifies the sequence types of five VRs of both PIA and PIB porB alleles. The strains represented temporally and geographically distinct isolates, isolates from a large cluster, epidemiologically linked partner isolates, and a collection of strains from disseminated gonococcal infections. By using rigorous epidemiologic criteria for transmission of infection between sex partners, por VR typing was more discriminatory than serovar typing in classifying isolates from both members of 43 epidemiologically linked pairs: 39 of 43 pairs were classified as coinciding by por VR typing compared to 43 of 43 by serovar determination (P = 0.058). porB sequence data confirmed the accuracy of the por VR method. Relationships between VR type and serovar typing monoclonal antibodies were observed for all six PIB and three of six PIA antibodies. por VR typing is a molecular tool that appears to have broad applicability. This method can be adapted to a wide range of technologies from simple hybridization to microarray and may allow for typing from noncultured clinical specimens. JF - Journal of Clinical Microbiology AU - Bash, Margaret C AU - Zhu, Peixuan AU - Gulati, Sunita AU - McKnew, Durrie AU - Rice, Peter A AU - Lynn, Freyja AD - Division of Bacterial, Parasitic and Allergenic Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research. Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland. Evans Biomedical Research Center, Department of Medicine and Section of Infectious Diseases, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, D.C Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 1522 EP - 1530 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 43 IS - 4 SN - 0095-1137, 0095-1137 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Typing KW - Epidemiology KW - Monoclonal antibodies KW - DNA probes KW - Porins KW - Infection KW - Major outer membrane protein KW - Oligonucleotides KW - Neisseria gonorrhoeae KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17875155?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.atitle=por+Variable-Region+Typing+by+DNA+Probe+Hybridization+Is+Broadly+Applicable+to+Epidemiologic+Studies+of+Neisseria+gonorrhoeae&rft.au=Bash%2C+Margaret+C%3BZhu%2C+Peixuan%3BGulati%2C+Sunita%3BMcKnew%2C+Durrie%3BRice%2C+Peter+A%3BLynn%2C+Freyja&rft.aulast=Bash&rft.aufirst=Margaret&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1522&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.issn=00951137&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Typing; Epidemiology; Monoclonal antibodies; Porins; DNA probes; Major outer membrane protein; Infection; Oligonucleotides; Neisseria gonorrhoeae ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Antibody against the Carboxyl Terminus of Intimin alpha Reduces Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Adherence to Tissue Culture Cells and Subsequent Induction of Actin Polymerization AN - 17827957; 6188818 AB - The C-terminal third of intimin binds to its translocated receptor (Tir) to promote attaching and effacing lesion formation during infection with enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC). We observed that the adherence of EPEC strains to HEp-2 cells was reduced and that actin polymerization was blocked by antibody raised against the C-terminal third of intimin alpha . JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Carvalho, Humberto M AU - Teel, Louise D AU - Kokai-Kun, John F AU - O'Brien, Alison D AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 2541 EP - 2546 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 73 IS - 4 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Antibodies KW - Polymerization KW - Escherichia coli KW - Actin KW - Tissue culture KW - Intimin KW - J 02705:Others UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17827957?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Antibody+against+the+Carboxyl+Terminus+of+Intimin+alpha+Reduces+Enteropathogenic+Escherichia+coli+Adherence+to+Tissue+Culture+Cells+and+Subsequent+Induction+of+Actin+Polymerization&rft.au=Carvalho%2C+Humberto+M%3BTeel%2C+Louise+D%3BKokai-Kun%2C+John+F%3BO%27Brien%2C+Alison+D&rft.aulast=Carvalho&rft.aufirst=Humberto&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2541&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; Intimin; Antibodies; Actin; Polymerization; Tissue culture ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adolescent and adult female rats differ in sensitivity to nicotine's activity effects AN - 17541225; 6242053 AB - More than 90% of cigarette smokers begin smoking during adolescence. This between-subjects repeated-measures experiment examined: (1) nicotine's acute effects on activity in adolescent and adult female Sprague-Dawley rats (Drug Phase I); (2) the effects of age of initial nicotine exposure on activity when nicotine was not administered (Interim Phase); and (3) the effects of age of initial nicotine exposure on later responses to nicotine (Drug Phase II). The experiment consisted of three separate phases. In Drug Phase I, animals were administered either 0 (saline), 0.01, 0.10, 0.50, or 1.0 mg/kg nicotine via subcutaneous injections for 12 days and horizontal activity was measured daily. During the Interim Phase (no drug phase), activity was measured but nicotine was not administered. During Drug Phase II, the same animals were administered the same nicotine dosages as in Drug Phase I for 12 days and activity was measured daily. Drug Phase I revealed dose-response differences between adolescent and adult female rats. In addition, animals initially exposed to nicotine in adolescence exhibited greater sensitivity to nicotine's activity-increasing effects than did females initially exposed to nicotine in adulthood (i.e. Drug Phase II). JF - Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior AU - Elliott, B M AU - Faraday, M M AU - Phillips, J M AU - Grunberg, N E AD - Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA, belliott@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 567 EP - 575 PB - Elsevier Science Inc., Box 882 New York NY 10159 USA, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com] VL - 80 IS - 4 SN - 0091-3057, 0091-3057 KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Sensitivity KW - Cigarettes KW - Adolescence KW - Cigarette smoke KW - Drug abuse KW - Age differences KW - Acute effects KW - Smoking KW - Nicotine KW - Dosage KW - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse KW - N3 11139:Toxicological and psychoactive drug correlates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17541225?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacology+Biochemistry+and+Behavior&rft.atitle=Adolescent+and+adult+female+rats+differ+in+sensitivity+to+nicotine%27s+activity+effects&rft.au=Elliott%2C+B+M%3BFaraday%2C+M+M%3BPhillips%2C+J+M%3BGrunberg%2C+N+E&rft.aulast=Elliott&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=567&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacology+Biochemistry+and+Behavior&rft.issn=00913057&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.pbb.2005.01.019 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nicotine; Drug abuse; Adolescence; Smoking; Cigarettes; Acute effects; Age differences; Dosage; Sensitivity; Cigarette smoke DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pbb.2005.01.019 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ingestion of Tyrosine: Effects on Endurance, Muscle Strength, and Anaerobic Performance AN - 17332462; 6248167 AB - Acute tyrosine ingestion is thought to improve aerobic endurance, muscle strength and endurance, and anaerobic power of men undergoing severe physiologic stress. In a double-blind, crossover study, 20 men (32 plus or minus 1 y old) underwent 2 loadcarriage treadmill sessions, 1 after taking tyrosine (150 mg/kg L-crystalline tyrosine) and 1 after taking placebo. Tyrosine dosage was based on subject weight and ingested 30 min before load carriage. A physical performance battery was administered after the load carriage: maximal and submaximal handgrip, pull-ups, and stair stepping with weight. Total time on treadmill was not significantly lengthened with ingestion of tyrosine (118.9 plus or minus 1.4 min) as compared with placebo (119.2 plus or minus 1.2 min). Total power for stair stepping (tyrosine 223 plus or minus 8 watts, placebo 216 plus or minus 9 watts) and muscle strength and endurance (handgrip) was not significantly improved by tyrosine ingestion. The results indicate that acute ingestion of tyrosine by healthy men has no measurable effect on endurance, muscle strength, or anaerobic power. JF - International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism AU - Sutton, EE AU - Coll, M R AU - Deuster, P A AD - Dept of Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 173 EP - 185 VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 1050-1606, 1050-1606 KW - Physical Education Index KW - PE 030:Exercise, Health & Physical Fitness UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17332462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Sport+Nutrition+and+Exercise+Metabolism&rft.atitle=Ingestion+of+Tyrosine%3A+Effects+on+Endurance%2C+Muscle+Strength%2C+and+Anaerobic+Performance&rft.au=Sutton%2C+EE%3BColl%2C+M+R%3BDeuster%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Sutton&rft.aufirst=EE&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Sport+Nutrition+and+Exercise+Metabolism&rft.issn=10501606&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Physical Education Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Workstyle and Upper-Extremity Symptoms: A Biobehavioral Perspective AN - 17075095; 6700683 AB - Workstyle has been proposed to help explain the link between ergonomic and psychosocial factors in work-related upper-extremity symptoms/disorders. This study investigated ergonomic factors, work demands, job stress, and workstyle on pain and functional limitations in computer users. One hundred sixty-nine participants completed self-report ratings of job stress, ergonomic exposures, and workstyle at baseline. Three months, later ratings of pain and functional limitations were obtained. Multivariable logistic regression indicated that ergonomic exposure (odds ratio [OR] = 2.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.3-5.5), time spent at a computer (OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 0.95-3.6), and higher scores on a workstyle measure (2.4, 95% CI = 1.1-5.3) were independently associated with case status. Path analyses revealed that a model that included ergonomic exposure, work demands, and workstyle predicted pain and functional limitations at 3 months. Workstyle contributes to case definition and is predictive of future pain and functional limitations in office workers with upper extremity symptoms. JF - Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine AU - Nicholas, R A AU - Feuerstein, M AU - Suchday, S AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology and Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA, mfeuerstein@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2005/04// PY - 2005 DA - Apr 2005 SP - 352 EP - 361 VL - 47 IS - 4 SN - 1076-2752, 1076-2752 KW - workstyle KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Musculoskeletal system KW - Pain KW - Ergonomics KW - Working conditions KW - Occupational health KW - H 10000:Ergonomics/Human Factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17075095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Occupational+and+Environmental+Medicine&rft.atitle=Workstyle+and+Upper-Extremity+Symptoms%3A+A+Biobehavioral+Perspective&rft.au=Nicholas%2C+R+A%3BFeuerstein%2C+M%3BSuchday%2C+S&rft.aulast=Nicholas&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-04-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=352&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Occupational+and+Environmental+Medicine&rft.issn=10762752&rft_id=info:doi/10.1097%2F01.jom.0000158705.50563.4c LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Musculoskeletal system; Pain; Working conditions; Ergonomics; Occupational health DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.jom.0000158705.50563.4c ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Androgen modulation of dendritic spine density in neuronal cultures AN - 40005721; 3915418 AU - Wu, H AU - Chen, G AU - McCarthy, J B Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40005721?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Androgen+modulation+of+dendritic+spine+density+in+neuronal+cultures&rft.au=Wu%2C+H%3BChen%2C+G%3BMcCarthy%2C+J+B&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Society for Cell Biology, 8120 Woodmont Avenue, Suite 750, Bethesda, MD 20814-2762, USA; email: ascbinfo@ascb.org; URL: www.ascb.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Studies on the function of myosin V in Aapergillus nidulans AN - 39968204; 3915039 AU - Zhang, J AU - Chen, G AU - Xiang, X AU - Hammer, JA Y1 - 2005/03/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39968204?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Studies+on+the+function+of+myosin+V+in+Aapergillus+nidulans&rft.au=Zhang%2C+J%3BChen%2C+G%3BXiang%2C+X%3BHammer%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Society for Cell Biology, 8120 Woodmont Avenue, Suite 750, Bethesda, MD 20814-2762, USA; email: ascbinfo@ascb.org; URL: www.ascb.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Endoscopic management of cerebrospinal fluid leak associated with the use of bone wax in skull-base surgery. AN - 85379879; pmid-15746855 AB - To alert otolaryngologists to consider the possibility that bone wax may be associated with cerebrospinal fluid leaks that occur immediately after skull-base craniotomy approaches.Clinical report from surgical experience in a tertiary care setting.Three patients presented with brisk cerebrospinal fluid leak after craniotomy. Sinus endoscopy revealed bone wax within a small parasphenoid defect in all 3 cases.Bleeding from areas of the skull base adjacent to the paranasal sinuses during craniotomy can signal a small breach of the skull base. Bone wax may control bleeding from edges of transected bone but also stent the skull-base defect open, preventing fibrin deposition and spontaneous healing and closure.Otolaryngologists repairing a cerebrospinal fluid leak after a skull-base craniotomy approach should consider the possibility of encountering bone wax and be able to identify it to better treat their patient. JF - Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery AU - Bolger, William E AU - Tadros, Monica AU - Ellenbogen, Richard G AU - Judy, Kevin AU - Grady, M Sean AD - Division of Otolaryngology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA. wbolger@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 418 EP - 420 VL - 132 IS - 3 SN - 0194-5998, 0194-5998 KW - Index Medicus KW - National Library of Medicine KW - Adult KW - *Cerebrospinal Fluid KW - *Craniotomy: adverse effects KW - Drug Combinations KW - *Endoscopy KW - Female KW - *Hemostatics: adverse effects KW - Humans KW - *Palmitates: adverse effects KW - *Postoperative Complications: therapy KW - *Waxes: adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85379879?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Otolaryngology--head+and+neck+surgery+%3A+official+journal+of+American+Academy+of+Otolaryngology-Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.atitle=Endoscopic+management+of+cerebrospinal+fluid+leak+associated+with+the+use+of+bone+wax+in+skull-base+surgery.&rft.au=Bolger%2C+William+E%3BTadros%2C+Monica%3BEllenbogen%2C+Richard+G%3BJudy%2C+Kevin%3BGrady%2C+M+Sean&rft.aulast=Bolger&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=132&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=418&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Otolaryngology--head+and+neck+surgery+%3A+official+journal+of+American+Academy+of+Otolaryngology-Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.issn=01945998&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English (eng) DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2011-12-15 N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment of a Great River Ecosystem: The Upper Missouri River Pilot AN - 759320089; 13771857 AB - Most Great River ecosystems (GREs) are extensively modified and are not receiving adequate protection to prevent further habitat degradation and loss of biotic integrity. In the United States, ecological monitoring and assessment of GREs has lagged behind streams and estuaries, and the management of GREs is hampered by the lack of unbiased data at appropriate spatial scales. Properties of GREs that make them challenging to monitor and assess include difficult sample logistics and high habitat diversity. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) has developed a comprehensive, regional-scale, survey-based monitoring approach to assessment of streams and estuaries, but has not yet conducted research on applying these tools to GRE monitoring. In this paper we present an overview of an EMAP research project on the Upper Missouri River (UMR). We summarize the assessment objectives for the study, the design for selecting sample locations, the indicators measured at these sites and the tools used to analyze data. We present an example of the type of statements that can be made with EMAP monitoring data. With modification, the set of methodologies developed by EMAP may be well suited for assessment of GREs in general. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Schweiger, EWilliam AU - Bolgrien, David W AU - Angradi, Ted R AU - Kelly, John R AD - Mid-Continent Ecology Division, U.S. EPA National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, 999 18th Street, Denver, Colorado, USA, billy_schweiger@nps.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 21 EP - 40 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 103 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Environment Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Ecosystems KW - Degradation KW - Ecological distribution KW - Indicators KW - Freshwater KW - Streams KW - spatial distribution KW - Assessments KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Rivers KW - USA, Missouri R. KW - USA, Indiana, Great R. KW - Estuaries KW - Environmental Protection KW - Habitat KW - Environmental protection KW - EPA KW - Aquatic Habitats KW - Species diversity KW - Monitoring KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - M2 551.468:Coastal Oceanography (551.468) KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/759320089?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment+of+a+Great+River+Ecosystem%3A+The+Upper+Missouri+River+Pilot&rft.au=Schweiger%2C+EWilliam%3BBolgrien%2C+David+W%3BAngradi%2C+Ted+R%3BKelly%2C+John+R&rft.aulast=Schweiger&rft.aufirst=EWilliam&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10661-005-1010-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Environmental monitoring; Ecological distribution; Species diversity; Environmental protection; Estuaries; spatial distribution; EPA; Degradation; Habitat; Streams; Ecosystems; Assessments; Aquatic Habitats; Indicators; Environmental Protection; Monitoring; USA, Missouri R.; USA, Indiana, Great R.; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-005-1010-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radioprotection by N-palmitoylated nonapeptide of human interleukin-1beta. AN - 67369094; 15652647 AB - Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) is a cytokine involved in homeostatic processes of the immune system and specifically in inflammatory reactions. The nonapeptide of human IL-1beta (VQGEESNDK, position 163-171) has been shown to retain adjuvant and immunostimulatory activities of the native molecule without any inflammatory and pyrogenic properties. A lipophilic derivative of IL-1beta nonapeptide having a palmitoyl residue at the amino terminus was synthesized in order to determine the effects of such structural modification on its bioactivities. The structurally modified peptide derivative, palmitoylated peptide, significantly protected C3H/HeN mice against potentially lethal doses of ionizing radiation. The dose reduction factor was found to be 1.07. Hematological studies show improved recovery of red blood cells and platelets in irradiated and palmitoylated peptide treated mice as compared with the untreated and irradiated group. These results suggest the importance of the derivatization of small peptides of radioprotective, but toxic cytokines in order to enhance radioprotective activity while reducing unwanted toxic side effects. JF - Peptides AU - Singh, Vijay K AU - Srinivasan, Venkataraman AU - Seed, Thomas M AU - Jackson, William E AU - Miner, Venita E AU - Sree Kumar, K AD - Radiation Casualty Management Team, Radiation Medicine Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD 20889-5603, USA. singh@afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - March 2005 SP - 413 EP - 418 VL - 26 IS - 3 SN - 0196-9781, 0196-9781 KW - Adjuvants, Immunologic KW - 0 KW - Cytokines KW - Interleukin-1 KW - Peptides KW - Radiation-Protective Agents KW - Palmitic Acid KW - 2V16EO95H1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Erythrocytes -- drug effects KW - Blood Platelets -- drug effects KW - Erythrocytes -- radiation effects KW - Humans KW - Mice KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Inflammation KW - Mice, Inbred C3H KW - Cytokines -- chemistry KW - Protein Structure, Tertiary KW - Blood Platelets -- radiation effects KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Radiation, Ionizing KW - Palmitic Acid -- chemistry KW - Interleukin-1 -- pharmacology KW - Interleukin-1 -- chemistry KW - Radiation-Protective Agents -- chemistry KW - Peptides -- chemistry KW - Radiation-Protective Agents -- pharmacology KW - Palmitic Acid -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67369094?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Peptides&rft.atitle=Radioprotection+by+N-palmitoylated+nonapeptide+of+human+interleukin-1beta.&rft.au=Singh%2C+Vijay+K%3BSrinivasan%2C+Venkataraman%3BSeed%2C+Thomas+M%3BJackson%2C+William+E%3BMiner%2C+Venita+E%3BSree+Kumar%2C+K&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Vijay&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=413&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Peptides&rft.issn=01969781&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-04 N1 - Date created - 2005-01-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Middle East Reform Initiatives: A State-Theory Perspective AN - 60687970; 200517566 AB - The United States as well as the EU has proposed a number of reform initiatives that would hopefully lead to a more proserous, democratic Middle East. In general these proposals have been met with little enthusiasm in the region. In part this stems from the fact that the objectives of the reforms often proposed are too vague -- a market economy, democracy, & so on. On a technical level, some reforms are no doubt much more effective than others in creating a positive environment of growth & stability. Yet even in most high-level discussions of the various initiatives the likely linkages between reforms & outcomes are never made clear. In fact, this quantitative dimension is almost totally disregarded in the on-going debates, no doubt contributing even further to the wide-spread ambivalence, suspicion, & skepticism concerning reforms that is pervasive throughout the region. 3 Tables. Adapted from the source document. JF - International Journal on World Peace AU - Looney, Robert E AD - Dept National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - March 2005 SP - 13 EP - 34 VL - 22 IS - 1 SN - 0742-3640, 0742-3640 KW - United States of America KW - Economic Development KW - Democracy KW - Foreign Policy KW - Political Development KW - Middle East KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60687970?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+on+World+Peace&rft.atitle=Middle+East+Reform+Initiatives%3A+A+State-Theory+Perspective&rft.au=Looney%2C+Robert+E&rft.aulast=Looney&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+on+World+Peace&rft.issn=07423640&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - IWPEET N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Middle East; Democracy; Political Development; Economic Development; Foreign Policy; United States of America ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating nearshore bedform amplitudes with altimeters AN - 51724331; 2005-034249 AB - Estimates of the heights of large (0.1-0.4 m heights and 1-10 m horizontal lengths) migrating bedforms on a sandy beach made with fixed, single-point altimeters are similar to heights estimated from profiles across the bedforms made with altimeters mounted on an amphibious vehicle that traversed the surf zone. Unlike many profiling systems, the robust, fixed altimeters can measure bedforms in bubbly, sediment-laden surf zone waters nearly continuously, including during storms, thus allowing investigation of the relationships between bedform heights and near-bottom velocities to be extended to a wide range of wave conditions. The fixed-altimeter observations of migrating bedforms suggest a sandy surf zone seafloor is not always smooth during energetic conditions with strong mean currents and large wave-orbital velocities. JF - Marine Geology AU - Gallagher, Edith L AU - Elgar, Steve AU - Guza, R T AU - Thornton, E B Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - March 2005 SP - 51 EP - 57 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 216 IS - 1-2 SN - 0025-3227, 0025-3227 KW - United States KW - shore features KW - geophysical surveys KW - roughness KW - geophysical methods KW - Duck North Carolina KW - Dare County North Carolina KW - altimetry KW - nearshore environment KW - bedforms KW - case studies KW - bedding plane irregularities KW - beaches KW - acoustical methods KW - North Carolina KW - surveys KW - megaripples KW - geomorphology KW - sedimentary structures KW - sonar methods KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51724331?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Geology&rft.atitle=Estimating+nearshore+bedform+amplitudes+with+altimeters&rft.au=Gallagher%2C+Edith+L%3BElgar%2C+Steve%3BGuza%2C+R+T%3BThornton%2C+E+B&rft.aulast=Gallagher&rft.aufirst=Edith&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=216&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Geology&rft.issn=00253227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.margeo.2005.01.005 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00253227 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MAGEA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acoustical methods; altimetry; Atlantic Coastal Plain; beaches; bedding plane irregularities; bedforms; case studies; Dare County North Carolina; Duck North Carolina; geomorphology; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; megaripples; nearshore environment; North Carolina; roughness; sedimentary structures; shore features; sonar methods; surveys; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2005.01.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Decline of an Island Fox Subspecies to Near Extinction AN - 17774843; 6148017 JF - Southwestern Naturalist AU - Coonan, T J AU - Schwemm, CA AU - Roemer, G W AU - Garcelon, D K AU - Munson, L AD - National Park Service, Channel Islands National Park, 1901 Spinnaker Drive, Ventura, CA 93001, tim_coonan@nps.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 32 EP - 41 PB - Southwestern Association of Naturalists VL - 50 IS - 1 SN - 0038-4909, 0038-4909 KW - Gray fox KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Islands KW - Extinction KW - Urocyon cinereoargenteus KW - D 04672:Mammals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17774843?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Southwestern+Naturalist&rft.atitle=Decline+of+an+Island+Fox+Subspecies+to+Near+Extinction&rft.au=Coonan%2C+T+J%3BSchwemm%2C+CA%3BRoemer%2C+G+W%3BGarcelon%2C+D+K%3BMunson%2C+L&rft.aulast=Coonan&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=32&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Southwestern+Naturalist&rft.issn=00384909&rft_id=info:doi/10.1894%2F0038-4909%282005%290502.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=0038-4909&volume=50&page=32 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Urocyon cinereoargenteus; Extinction; Islands DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1894/0038-4909(2005)050<0032:DOAIFS>2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temporal and Spatial Variations in Copepod (Crustacea) Communities in Groundwater in the Rocky Glades of Everglades National Park (Florida, USA) AN - 17618462; 6235000 AB - We studied species composition and individual abundance of copepods in the surficial aquifer in short-hydroperiod habitats of Everglades National Park by collecting copepods from different depths in wells for three consecutive years. The wells were cased and open at depths that corresponded to highly permeable layers. Groundwater communities were dominated by surface copepods which colonized groundwater mainly during the dry season. The total number of copepods collected decreased exponentially with depth; the decrease in copepod numbers and species richness below the 3 m depth was due to high permeability of the limestone above 3 m depth and to the presence of a semipermeable layer at lower depths. The calanoid Osphranticum labronectum and the cyclopoids Orthocyclops modestus and Thermocyclops parvus that were dominant in the collections can be considered stygophiles at least in Everglades National Park. Copepod groundwater communities were most similar on a local scale, indicating that when local surface water populations enter groundwater by following the receding water table, they do not disperse widely through the groundwater system. Densities of groundwater populations of stygophiles were low, which increases their risk of being impacted by changes in hydrology. JF - Journal of Freshwater Ecology AU - Bruno, M C AU - Perry, SA AD - South Florida Natural Resources Center, Everglades National Park, 40001 State Road 9336, Homestead, FL 33034, USA, Cristina_Bruno@contractor.nps.gov Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 27 EP - 36 VL - 20 IS - 1 SN - 0270-5060, 0270-5060 KW - Copepods KW - Freshwater crustaceans KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - Q1 01461:Plankton KW - D 04665:Crustaceans KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17618462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Freshwater+Ecology&rft.atitle=Temporal+and+Spatial+Variations+in+Copepod+%28Crustacea%29+Communities+in+Groundwater+in+the+Rocky+Glades+of+Everglades+National+Park+%28Florida%2C+USA%29&rft.au=Bruno%2C+M+C%3BPerry%2C+SA&rft.aulast=Bruno&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Freshwater+Ecology&rft.issn=02705060&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Meteorological conditions and sports deaths at school in Japan, 1993-1998 AN - 17614639; 6223082 AB - We evaluated the association between meteorological conditions and sports deaths at elementary, junior high and senior high schools. Data were collected from attached documents such as accident reports and death certificate records in the National Agency for the Advancement of Sports and Health in Japan. Evaluation of seasonal variation showed a significant concentration of deaths from heat disorders and drowning in July and August. When heart disease was evaluated according to the sports situation, significant seasonal variation with a high number of deaths in September-December was observed in sports events. Concerning circadian variation, deaths from heart disease showed a high peak at 10:00-11:00 a.m. in physical education classes and sports events, and at 2:00-5:00 p.m. in sports club activities. Analysis using a multiple logistic model showed a significantly lower odds ratio from heart disease and a significantly higher odds ratio from heat disorders at a wet bulb globe temperature of greater than or equal to 21.0 degree C than at <21.0 degree C. According to the sports situation in heart disease, the odds ratio in sports club activities was significantly lower on days with rainfall than on days without rainfall. According to the school categories in heart diseases, the odds ratio in girls in elementary school was significantly higher than that in boys, but the odds ratio in girls in senior high school was significantly lower than that in boys. JF - International Journal of Biometeorology AU - Hoshi, A AU - Inaba, Y AD - Research Center for Odontology, Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan, ahoshi@tokyo.ndu.ac.jp Y1 - 2005/03// PY - 2005 DA - Mar 2005 SP - 224 EP - 231 VL - 49 IS - 4 SN - 0020-7128, 0020-7128 KW - Physical Education Index; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - H 11000:Diseases/Injuries/Trauma KW - M2 551.524.1/.3:Structure/Variations (551.524.1/.3) KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - M2 551.586:Biometeorology and Bioclimatology (551.586) KW - PE 030:Exercise, Health & Physical Fitness UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17614639?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Biometeorology&rft.atitle=Meteorological+conditions+and+sports+deaths+at+school+in+Japan%2C+1993-1998&rft.au=Hoshi%2C+A%3BInaba%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Hoshi&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2005-03-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=224&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Biometeorology&rft.issn=00207128&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00484-004-0238-y LA - English DB - Physical Education Index; ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00484-004-0238-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cardiovascular risk factors and migraine: the GEM population-based study. AN - 67459160; 15728281 AB - Migraine, particularly with aura, is a risk factor for early-onset ischemic stroke. The underlying mechanisms are unknown, but may in part be due to migraineurs having an increased risk profile for cardiovascular disease. In this study, the authors compare the cardiovascular risk profile of adult migraineurs to that of nonmigraineurs. Participants (n = 5,755, 48% men, age 20 to 65 years) are from the Genetic Epidemiology of Migraine (GEM) study, a population-based study in the Netherlands. A total of 620 current migraineurs were identified: 31% with aura (MA), 64% without aura (MO), and 5% unclassified. Controls were 5,135 individuals without lifetime migraine. Measured cardiovascular risk factors included blood pressure (BP), serum total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC, HDL), smoking, oral contraceptive use, and the Framingham risk score for myocardial infarction or coronary heart disease (CHD) death. Compared to controls, migraineurs were more likely to smoke (OR = 1.43 [1.1 to 1.8]), less likely to consume alcohol (OR = 0.58 [0.5 to 0.7]), and more likely to report a parental history of early myocardial infarction. Migraineurs with aura were more likely to have an unfavorable cholesterol profile (TC > or = 240 mg/dL [OR = 1.43 (0.97 to 2.1)], TC:HDL ratio > 5.0 [OR = 1.64 (1.1 to 2.4)]), have elevated BP (systolic BP > 140 mm Hg or diastolic BP > 90 mm Hg [OR = 1.76 (1.04 to 3.0)]), and report a history of early onset CHD or stroke (OR = 3.96 [1.1 to 14.3]); female migraineurs with aura were more likely to be using oral contraceptives (OR = 2.06 [1.05 to 4.0]). The odds of having an elevated Framingham risk score for CHD were approximately doubled for the migraineurs with aura. Migraineurs, particularly with aura, have a higher cardiovascular risk profile than individuals without migraine. JF - Neurology AU - Scher, A I AU - Terwindt, G M AU - Picavet, H S J AU - Verschuren, W M M AU - Ferrari, M D AU - Launer, L J AD - Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. ascher@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2005/02/22/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Feb 22 SP - 614 EP - 620 VL - 64 IS - 4 KW - Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal KW - 0 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Netherlands -- epidemiology KW - Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular -- epidemiology KW - Myocardial Infarction -- genetics KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal -- adverse effects KW - Alcohol Drinking -- epidemiology KW - Smoking -- epidemiology KW - Pregnancy KW - Stroke -- epidemiology KW - Migraine without Aura -- epidemiology KW - Cross-Sectional Studies KW - Migraine with Aura -- epidemiology KW - Social Class KW - Risk Factors KW - Hypertension -- epidemiology KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Female KW - Male KW - Hypercholesterolemia -- epidemiology KW - Migraine Disorders -- epidemiology KW - Cardiovascular Diseases -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67459160?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurology&rft.atitle=Cardiovascular+risk+factors+and+migraine%3A+the+GEM+population-based+study.&rft.au=Scher%2C+A+I%3BTerwindt%2C+G+M%3BPicavet%2C+H+S+J%3BVerschuren%2C+W+M+M%3BFerrari%2C+M+D%3BLauner%2C+L+J&rft.aulast=Scher&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2005-02-22&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=614&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurology&rft.issn=1526-632X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-18 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Neurology. 2005 Nov 22;65(10):1683; author reply 1683 [16301516] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tooth-pulp-evoked rostral spinal trigeminal nucleus neuron activity is inhibited by conditioning sciatic nerve stimulation in the rat: possible role of 5-HT3 receptor mediated GABAergic inhibition. AN - 67388388; 15680543 AB - The purpose of the present study was to determine whether modulation of the trigeminal spinal nucleus oralis (TSNO) neurons related to tooth-pulp (TP)-evoked jaw-opening reflex (JOR) after electrical stimulation of the sciatic nerve (SN) is mediated by the descending serotonergic (5-HT(3)) inhibitory system activated by inhibitory GABAergic interneurons. In 30 anesthetized rats, the activity of TSNO neurons (87.5%, 35/40) and all digastric muscle electromyograms (dEMG, n=30) in response to TP stimulation (at an intensity of 3.5 times the threshold for JOR) were inhibited by conditioning stimulation of the SN (5.0 mA x 0.5 ms, 1 Hz, conditioning-test intervals; 50 ms). The inhibitory effects were significantly attenuated after intravenous administration of the 5-HT(3) receptor antagonist ICS 205-930 (n=6). Using multibarrel electrodes, iontophoretic application of ICS 205-930 into the TSNO significantly reduced the SN stimulation-induced inhibition of TP-evoked TSNO neuronal excitation (n=6), and in the same neurons, iontophoretic application of the GABA(A) receptor antagonist bicuculline into the TSNO greatly inhibited their effect. On the other hand, we found the expression of 5-HT(3) receptor immunoreactive neurons in the TSNO. These results suggest that SN stimulation may activate the descending serotonergic (5-HT(3)) inhibitory system through activation of inhibitory GABAergic interneurons, which inhibit excitatory responses of the TSNO neurons to TP stimulation. JF - Brain research bulletin AU - Oshima, Katsuo AU - Takeda, Mamoru AU - Tanimoto, Takeshi AU - Katsuumi, Ichiroh AU - Matsumoto, Shigeji AD - General Dentistry of University Hospital, The Nippon Dental University, School of Dentistry at Tokyo, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8158, Japan. oshima-k@tky.ndu.ac.jp Y1 - 2005/02/15/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Feb 15 SP - 31 EP - 40 VL - 65 IS - 1 SN - 0361-9230, 0361-9230 KW - Indoles KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3 KW - Serotonin Antagonists KW - gamma-Aminobutyric Acid KW - 56-12-2 KW - tropisetron KW - 6I819NIK1W KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Electric Stimulation -- methods KW - Serotonin Antagonists -- pharmacology KW - Action Potentials -- radiation effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Action Potentials -- drug effects KW - Immunohistochemistry -- methods KW - Dental Pulp KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Rats KW - Electromyography -- methods KW - Jaw KW - Rats, Wistar KW - Evoked Potentials, Motor -- radiation effects KW - Indoles -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - Sciatic Nerve -- radiation effects KW - Reflex -- physiology KW - Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3 -- physiology KW - Neural Inhibition -- radiation effects KW - Trigeminal Nucleus, Spinal -- cytology KW - Neurons -- physiology KW - Sciatic Nerve -- physiology KW - Reflex -- radiation effects KW - Neural Inhibition -- drug effects KW - gamma-Aminobutyric Acid -- metabolism KW - Neural Inhibition -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67388388?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+research+bulletin&rft.atitle=Tooth-pulp-evoked+rostral+spinal+trigeminal+nucleus+neuron+activity+is+inhibited+by+conditioning+sciatic+nerve+stimulation+in+the+rat%3A+possible+role+of+5-HT3+receptor+mediated+GABAergic+inhibition.&rft.au=Oshima%2C+Katsuo%3BTakeda%2C+Mamoru%3BTanimoto%2C+Takeshi%3BKatsuumi%2C+Ichiroh%3BMatsumoto%2C+Shigeji&rft.aulast=Oshima&rft.aufirst=Katsuo&rft.date=2005-02-15&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+research+bulletin&rft.issn=03619230&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-05-02 N1 - Date created - 2005-01-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Health and economic impacts of an HIV intervention in out of treatment substance abusers: evidence from a dynamic model. AN - 67536922; 15782514 AB - A community-based intervention program found that the high-risk target population interacts with its surrounding community as a source of drugs and prostitution, creating a measure of co-dependence in the health status of each group. The intervention collected extensive data on sexual and drug use practices in the target population. A dynamic compartment model estimates the epidemiological impact of the intervention, which serves as the basis for the economic assessment comparing intervention costs and lifetime HIV treatment costs. Approximately 2/3 of the new infections arise in the surrounding community. Intervention spillover benefits in the surrounding community are sufficient to make the intervention cost-saving in the first year--a savings of approximately 534,000 dollars. Conducting the intervention results in health benefits and cost-savings not only for the risk group, but for the entire community in which it resides. Quantifying the spillovers is vital to policymakers attempting to allocate scarce public health resources. JF - Health care management science AU - Richter, Anke AU - Loomis, Brett AD - Defense Resource Management Institute, Naval Postgraduate School, 1522 Cunningham Rd, Code 64Rt, Monterey, CA 93943, USA. arichter@nps.navy.mil Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - February 2005 SP - 67 EP - 79 VL - 8 IS - 1 SN - 1386-9620, 1386-9620 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Health Status KW - Cost Savings KW - Health Care Costs KW - Models, Economic KW - Adult KW - North Carolina KW - Program Evaluation KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Community Health Services KW - Female KW - Male KW - HIV Infections -- complications KW - HIV Infections -- therapy KW - Cost-Benefit Analysis KW - HIV Infections -- prevention & control KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- complications KW - HIV Infections -- economics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67536922?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+care+management+science&rft.atitle=Health+and+economic+impacts+of+an+HIV+intervention+in+out+of+treatment+substance+abusers%3A+evidence+from+a+dynamic+model.&rft.au=Richter%2C+Anke%3BLoomis%2C+Brett&rft.aulast=Richter&rft.aufirst=Anke&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+care+management+science&rft.issn=13869620&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-04-29 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Functional interaction of AT1 and AT2 receptors in fructose-induced insulin resistance and hypertension in rats. AN - 67399523; 15690308 AB - The present study was performed to evaluate the potential role and functional interaction of angiotensin II AT1 and AT2 receptors (AT1R and AT2R) in the regulation of blood pressure and glucose homeostasis in fructose-induced insulin-resistant, hypertensive rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats on fructose-enriched or regular diets for 4 weeks were subjected to 2-step euglycemic euinsulinemic (EEI) and euglycemic hyperinsulinemic (EHI) clamp studies with [3-3H]glucose infusion. After a 40-minute basal period, selective AT1R and AT2R antagonists, losartan (LOS, 10 mg/kg IV bolus) and PD123319 (PD, 50 microg/kg/min), alone or in combination were separately given to control and fructose-fed groups in the 2 clamp periods. The results showed that during the EEI period, LOS significantly reduced the elevated blood pressure in fructose-fed rats, whereas PD further increased fructose-induced high blood pressure. Coadministration of LOS and PD did not alter the elevated blood pressure in fructose-fed rats. Administration of LOS and/or PD failed to change the blood pressure in control rats. During the EHI period, blockade of both AT1R and AT2R eliminated the insulin-induced blood pressure elevation in control and fructose-fed rats. Hepatic glucose production (HGP) did not alter among groups in the basal and EEI periods. Insulin infusion (EHI period) markedly suppressed HGP in control rats, but this suppressive effect was significantly attenuated in fructose-fed rats. LOS administration further reduced the insulin-induced suppression of HGP in fructose-fed rats. The whole-body glucose uptakes (rates of glucose disappearance, Rd) during the basal and EEI periods were similar among groups. During the EHI period, Rd was markedly increased in all groups and the magnitude of increase was significantly greater in control rats than in fructose-fed rats except those with LOS treatment. LOS treatment also redirected Rd in favor of glycolysis in fructose rats, but not in control rats, during the EEI and EHI periods. The effects of LOS on glycolysis during the 2 clamp periods and on HGP during the EHI period were reversed when PD was concomitantly administered, but PD alone did not alter glucose metabolism throughout the experiment in fructose-fed rats. Administration of LOS and/or PD did not change the glucose metabolism in control rats. Our data suggest that AT2R can counterbalance the AT1R-mediated effects on blood pressure and glucose metabolism in fructose-induced insulin-resistant, hypertensive rats. Furthermore, AT1R- and AT2R-mediated effects on blood pressure are disassociated with their actions on glucose metabolism in this hypertensive model. JF - Metabolism: clinical and experimental AU - Hsieh, Po-Shiuan AU - Tai, Yueh-Hua AU - Loh, Ching-Hui AU - Shih, Kuang-Chung AU - Cheng, Wei-Tung AU - Chu, Chi-Hong AD - Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National defense Medical Center, National Defense University, Taipei, Taiwan 114. pshsieh@hotmail.com Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - February 2005 SP - 157 EP - 164 VL - 54 IS - 2 SN - 0026-0495, 0026-0495 KW - Blood Glucose KW - 0 KW - Hormones KW - Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 KW - Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2 KW - Fructose KW - 30237-26-4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Blood Glucose -- metabolism KW - Hormones -- blood KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Homeostasis -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Gluconeogenesis -- drug effects KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Heart Rate -- drug effects KW - Glycolysis -- drug effects KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Blood Pressure -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 -- drug effects KW - Hypertension -- chemically induced KW - Hypertension -- physiopathology KW - Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2 -- drug effects KW - Insulin Resistance -- physiology KW - Fructose -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67399523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Metabolism%3A+clinical+and+experimental&rft.atitle=Functional+interaction+of+AT1+and+AT2+receptors+in+fructose-induced+insulin+resistance+and+hypertension+in+rats.&rft.au=Hsieh%2C+Po-Shiuan%3BTai%2C+Yueh-Hua%3BLoh%2C+Ching-Hui%3BShih%2C+Kuang-Chung%3BCheng%2C+Wei-Tung%3BChu%2C+Chi-Hong&rft.aulast=Hsieh&rft.aufirst=Po-Shiuan&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Metabolism%3A+clinical+and+experimental&rft.issn=00260495&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-29 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Parameters affecting EPR dose reconstruction in teeth. AN - 67325197; 15607441 AB - The aim of this paper is to analyze the lower limit of detection (LLD), linearity of dose response, variation of radiation sensitivity between different tooth enamel samples, and time/temperature stability of EPR biodosimetry in tooth enamel. The theoretical LLD is shown to be 0.46 mGy, which is far lower than the measured value of about 30 mGy. The main issues to lowering LLD are the differentiation of the radiation-induced component against the total EPR spectrum and the complex nature of the dose dependence of the EPR signal. The following questions are also discussed in detail: need for exfoliated or extracted teeth from persons of interest, accounting for background radiation contribution; conversion of tooth enamel absorbed dose to effective dose; accounting for internal exposure specifically from bone-seeking radionuclides. Conclusions on future development of EPR retrospective biodosimetry are made. JF - Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine AU - Romanyukha, A A AU - Schauer, D A AU - Thomas, J A AU - Regulla, D F AD - Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA. Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - February 2005 SP - 147 EP - 154 VL - 62 IS - 2 SN - 0969-8043, 0969-8043 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Relative Biological Effectiveness KW - Computer Simulation KW - Artifacts KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Humans KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Algorithms KW - Background Radiation KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy -- methods KW - Tooth -- chemistry KW - Tooth -- radiation effects KW - Radiometry -- methods KW - Models, Biological UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67325197?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+radiation+and+isotopes+%3A+including+data%2C+instrumentation+and+methods+for+use+in+agriculture%2C+industry+and+medicine&rft.atitle=Parameters+affecting+EPR+dose+reconstruction+in+teeth.&rft.au=Romanyukha%2C+A+A%3BSchauer%2C+D+A%3BThomas%2C+J+A%3BRegulla%2C+D+F&rft.aulast=Romanyukha&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+radiation+and+isotopes+%3A+including+data%2C+instrumentation+and+methods+for+use+in+agriculture%2C+industry+and+medicine&rft.issn=09698043&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-15 N1 - Date created - 2004-12-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of reactor vessel integrity (ARVI) AN - 17816307; 6209586 AB - The assessment of reactor vessel integrity (ARVI) project involved a total of nine organizations from Europe and USA. The work consisted of experiments and analysis development. The modeling activities in the area of structural analyses were focused on the support of EC-FOREVER experiments as well as on the exploitation of the data obtained from those experiments for modeling of creep deformation and the validation of the industry structural codes. Work was also performed for extension of melt natural convection analyses to consideration of stratification, and mixing (in the CFD codes). Other modeling activities were for (1) gap cooling CHF and (2) developing simple models for system code. Finally, the methodology and data was applied for the design of IVMR severe accident management scheme for VVER-440/213 plants. The work was broken up into five packages. They were divided into tasks, which were performed by different partners. The major experimental project continued was EC-FOREVER in which data was obtained on in-vessel melt pool coolability. In previous EC-FOREVER experiments data was obtained on melt pool natural convection and lower head creep failure and rupture. Those results obtained were related to the following issues: (1) multiaxial creep laws for different vessel steels, (2) effects of penetrations, and (3) mode and location of lower head failure. The two EC-FOREVER tests reported here are related to (a) the effectiveness of gap cooling and (b) water ingression for in vessel melt coolability. Two other experimental projects were also conducted. One was the COPO experiments, which was concerned with the effects of stratification and metal layer on the thermal loads on the lower head wall during melt pool convection. The second experimental project was conducted at ULPU facility, which provided data and correlations of CHF due to the external cooling of the lower head. JF - Nuclear Engineering and Design AU - Sehgal, B R AU - Karbojian, A AU - Giri, A AU - Kymaelaeinen, O AU - Bonnet, J M AU - Ikkonen, K AU - Sairanen, R AU - Bhandari, S AU - Buerger, M AU - Dienstbier, J AU - Techy, Z AU - Theofanous, T AD - Division of Nuclear Power Safety (NPS), Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Drottning Kristinas Vaeg 33A, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden Y1 - 2005/02// PY - 2005 DA - Feb 2005 SP - 213 EP - 232 VL - 235 IS - 2-4 SN - 0029-5493, 0029-5493 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Metals KW - International cooperation KW - Structural analysis KW - Europe KW - Stratification KW - USA KW - Accidents KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Pressure vessels KW - Steel KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17816307?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nuclear+Engineering+and+Design&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+reactor+vessel+integrity+%28ARVI%29&rft.au=Sehgal%2C+B+R%3BKarbojian%2C+A%3BGiri%2C+A%3BKymaelaeinen%2C+O%3BBonnet%2C+J+M%3BIkkonen%2C+K%3BSairanen%2C+R%3BBhandari%2C+S%3BBuerger%2C+M%3BDienstbier%2C+J%3BTechy%2C+Z%3BTheofanous%2C+T&rft.aulast=Sehgal&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.volume=235&rft.issue=2-4&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nuclear+Engineering+and+Design&rft.issn=00295493&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.nucengdes.2004.08.055 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; Accidents; Nuclear reactors; Pressure vessels; International cooperation; Structural analysis; Steel; Stratification; USA; Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2004.08.055 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - P-vector method for determining Arctic Ocean circulation from the joint US-Russian hydrographic data AN - 39995460; 3907107 AU - Chu, P C AU - Fan, C W Y1 - 2005/01/14/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jan 14 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39995460?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=P-vector+method+for+determining+Arctic+Ocean+circulation+from+the+joint+US-Russian+hydrographic+data&rft.au=Chu%2C+P+C%3BFan%2C+C+W&rft.aulast=Chu&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2005-01-14&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St., Boston, MA 02108-3693, USA; phone: 617 227 2426; fax: 617 742 8718; URL: www.ametsoc.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Development of a tidal model for central California AN - 39965335; 3902488 AU - Rosenfeld, L K AU - Shulman, I AU - Cook AU - Shulman, LI AU - Paduan, J D Y1 - 2005/01/14/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jan 14 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39965335?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+tidal+model+for+central+California&rft.au=Rosenfeld%2C+L+K%3BShulman%2C+I%3BCook%3BShulman%2C+LI%3BPaduan%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Rosenfeld&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2005-01-14&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St., Boston, MA 02108-3693, USA; phone: 617 227 2426; fax: 617 742 8718; URL: www.ametsoc.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Globalization and mental health: The psychological impact of terrorism in the US workplace AN - 39959703; 3903981 AU - Vineburgh, N Y1 - 2005/01/14/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jan 14 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39959703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Globalization+and+mental+health%3A+The+psychological+impact+of+terrorism+in+the+US+workplace&rft.au=Vineburgh%2C+N&rft.aulast=Vineburgh&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2005-01-14&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Congress Corporation, Kosai Kaikan Bldg., 6th Floor, 5-1 Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8481, Japan; phone: 81 (03) 5216-5551; fax: 81 (03) 5216-5552; URL: www.congre.co.jp N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Optimal spectral decomposition (OSD) method for ocean observing system AN - 39955757; 3906387 AU - Chu, P C AU - Ivanov, L M Y1 - 2005/01/14/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jan 14 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39955757?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Optimal+spectral+decomposition+%28OSD%29+method+for+ocean+observing+system&rft.au=Chu%2C+P+C%3BIvanov%2C+L+M&rft.aulast=Chu&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2005-01-14&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St., Boston, MA 02108-3693, USA; phone: 617 227 2426; fax: 617 742 8718; URL: www.ametsoc.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Extreme event analysis for the Portuguese coast - Coupling of atmospheric and oceanographic features AN - 39923496; 3903541 AU - Semedo, A AU - Nuss, WA AU - Herbers, THC Y1 - 2005/01/14/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jan 14 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39923496?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Extreme+event+analysis+for+the+Portuguese+coast+-+Coupling+of+atmospheric+and+oceanographic+features&rft.au=Semedo%2C+A%3BNuss%2C+WA%3BHerbers%2C+THC&rft.aulast=Semedo&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2005-01-14&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St., Boston, MA 02108-3693, USA; phone: 617 227 2426; fax: 617 742 8718; URL: www.ametsoc.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Prediction of synoptic current reversals on the Louisiana-Texas continental shelf AN - 39903507; 3906870 AU - Chu, P C AU - Ivanov, L M AU - Melnichenko, O Y1 - 2005/01/14/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jan 14 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39903507?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Prediction+of+synoptic+current+reversals+on+the+Louisiana-Texas+continental+shelf&rft.au=Chu%2C+P+C%3BIvanov%2C+L+M%3BMelnichenko%2C+O&rft.aulast=Chu&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2005-01-14&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St., Boston, MA 02108-3693, USA; phone: 617 227 2426; fax: 617 742 8718; URL: www.ametsoc.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Influence of the El Nino - Southern oscillation on cloud-to-ground lightning activity along the gulf coast of the United States AN - 39871077; 3904674 AU - LaJoie, M AU - Laing, A AU - Reader, S AU - Pfeiffer, K Y1 - 2005/01/14/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jan 14 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39871077?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Influence+of+the+El+Nino+-+Southern+oscillation+on+cloud-to-ground+lightning+activity+along+the+gulf+coast+of+the+United+States&rft.au=LaJoie%2C+M%3BLaing%2C+A%3BReader%2C+S%3BPfeiffer%2C+K&rft.aulast=LaJoie&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-01-14&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St., Boston, MA 02108-3693, USA; phone: 617 227 2426; fax: 617 742 8718; URL: www.ametsoc.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Model predictability - From Lorenz system to operational ocean/atmospheric models AN - 39855918; 3905684 AU - Chu, P C AU - Ivanov, L M Y1 - 2005/01/14/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jan 14 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39855918?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Model+predictability+-+From+Lorenz+system+to+operational+ocean%2Fatmospheric+models&rft.au=Chu%2C+P+C%3BIvanov%2C+L+M&rft.aulast=Chu&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2005-01-14&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St., Boston, MA 02108-3693, USA; phone: 617 227 2426; fax: 617 742 8718; URL: www.ametsoc.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of capsaicin-sensitive primary afferent inputs from the masseter muscle in the C1 spinal neurons responding to tooth-pulp stimulation in rats. AN - 67890353; 15289965 AB - The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the convergence of inputs from masseter muscle (MM) and tooth pulp (TP) onto C1 spinal neurons and to determine whether the afferent fibers express the functional vanilloid receptor (VR1). Extracellular single-unit recordings were made from 61 C1 units responding to TP electrical stimulation with a constant temporal relationship to a digastric electromyogram signal in pentobarbital anesthetized rats. Eighty-four percent of C1 neurons responding to TP stimulation also responded to the ipsilateral MM stimulation. Of these neurons, 61% were considered to be afferent inputs from Adelta-fibers and the remaining units (39%) were C-fibers, based on calculation of the nerve conduction velocity. Intramuscular injection of capsaicin (0.05 and 0.1%) produced a reduction in a MM-induced C1 neuronal activity in a dose-dependent manner and this effect was antagonized by pretreatment with an antagonist of VR1, capsazepine. Some of these units were also excited by noxious heat stimulation (> 43 degrees C). The trigeminal root ganglion (TRG) neurons that innervated the MM were retrogradely labeled with Fluorogold (FG) and the small-diameter FG-labeled TRG neurons expressed the immunoreactivity for VR1. After intramuscular mustard oil injection (noxious chemical stimulation), the C1 neuronal activity induced by both touch and pinch stimuli was enhanced and their receptive field sizes were significantly expanded. These changes were reversed within 15-20 min. These results suggest that there may be the convergence of noxious afferents inputs from the MM and TP afferents on the same C1 neurons in rats, and that the afferent fibers expressing the functional VR1 may contribute to the hyperalgesia and/or referred pain associated with temporomandibular joint disorder. JF - Experimental brain research AU - Takeda, M AU - Tanimoto, T AU - Ito, M AU - Nasu, M AU - Matsumoto, S AD - Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry at Tokyo, Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20, Fujimi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, 102-8159 Tokyo, Japan. m-takeda@tokyo.ndu.ac.jp Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 107 EP - 117 VL - 160 IS - 1 SN - 0014-4819, 0014-4819 KW - Plant Extracts KW - 0 KW - Plant Oils KW - Receptors, Drug KW - Capsaicin KW - S07O44R1ZM KW - mustard oil KW - TYY1MA9BSY KW - Index Medicus KW - Nerve Fibers, Unmyelinated -- physiology KW - Action Potentials -- physiology KW - Animals KW - Trigeminal Ganglion -- metabolism KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Mustard Plant KW - Nerve Fibers, Myelinated -- physiology KW - Synaptic Transmission -- physiology KW - Nerve Fibers, Unmyelinated -- drug effects KW - Electric Stimulation KW - Muscle Contraction -- physiology KW - Plant Extracts -- adverse effects KW - Capsaicin -- pharmacology KW - Rats KW - Receptors, Drug -- metabolism KW - Neck Muscles -- physiology KW - Neck Muscles -- innervation KW - Rats, Wistar KW - Hot Temperature -- adverse effects KW - Trigeminal Ganglion -- cytology KW - Nerve Fibers, Myelinated -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Drug -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Cervical Atlas KW - Functional Laterality -- physiology KW - Male KW - Trigeminal Caudal Nucleus -- physiology KW - Pain -- physiopathology KW - Afferent Pathways -- drug effects KW - Pain -- chemically induced KW - Masseter Muscle -- physiology KW - Nociceptors -- physiology KW - Masseter Muscle -- innervation KW - Afferent Pathways -- physiology KW - Posterior Horn Cells -- physiology KW - Dental Pulp Cavity -- innervation KW - Dental Pulp Cavity -- physiology KW - Nociceptors -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67890353?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experimental+brain+research&rft.atitle=Role+of+capsaicin-sensitive+primary+afferent+inputs+from+the+masseter+muscle+in+the+C1+spinal+neurons+responding+to+tooth-pulp+stimulation+in+rats.&rft.au=Takeda%2C+M%3BTanimoto%2C+T%3BIto%2C+M%3BNasu%2C+M%3BMatsumoto%2C+S&rft.aulast=Takeda&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=160&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+brain+research&rft.issn=00144819&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-18 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Med-psych drug-drug interactions update. Antiretrovirals, part III: antiretrovirals and drugs of abuse. AN - 67510639; 15765827 AB - The third in a series reviewing the HIV/AIDS antiretroviral drugs, this report summarizes the interactions between antiretrovirals and common drugs of abuse. In an overview format for primary care physicians and psychiatrists, the metabolism and drug interactions in the context of antiretroviral therapy are presented for the following drugs of abuse: alcohol, benzodiazepines, cocaine, GHB (liquid X), ketamine (special K), LSD (acid), MDMA (Ecstasy), opiates, PCP (angel dust), and THC (marijuana). JF - Psychosomatics AU - Wynn, Gary H AU - Cozza, Kelly L AU - Zapor, Michael J AU - Wortmann, Glenn W AU - Armstrong, Scott C AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, F Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA. PY - 2005 SP - 79 EP - 87 VL - 46 IS - 1 SN - 0033-3182, 0033-3182 KW - Anti-Retroviral Agents KW - 0 KW - Street Drugs KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Patient Education as Topic KW - Drug Interactions KW - Enzyme Induction -- drug effects KW - Patient Compliance KW - Humans KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Street Drugs -- pharmacokinetics KW - Anti-Retroviral Agents -- pharmacokinetics KW - Street Drugs -- adverse effects KW - HIV Infections -- drug therapy KW - Anti-Retroviral Agents -- adverse effects KW - HIV Infections -- enzymology KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- drug therapy KW - Anti-Retroviral Agents -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67510639?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychosomatics&rft.atitle=Med-psych+drug-drug+interactions+update.+Antiretrovirals%2C+part+III%3A+antiretrovirals+and+drugs+of+abuse.&rft.au=Wynn%2C+Gary+H%3BCozza%2C+Kelly+L%3BZapor%2C+Michael+J%3BWortmann%2C+Glenn+W%3BArmstrong%2C+Scott+C&rft.aulast=Wynn&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Psychosomatics&rft.issn=00333182&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-05-24 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Histaminergic modulation of excitatory synaptic transmission in the rat basolateral amygdala. AN - 67459780; 15730874 AB - The effects of histamine on excitatory synaptic transmission between the external capsule and basolateral amygdala (BLA) were examined using intracellular and field potential recordings in rat amygdala slices. Bath application of histamine (20 microM) suppressed intracellular excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs; 70.3+/-5.1% of control amplitude) in 43 of 64 BLA neurons, and potentiated EPSPs (341+/-81% of control amplitude) in 21 neurons, without changing resting membrane potential or input resistance. The histamine-induced suppression of EPSPs was accompanied by an increase in paired-pulse facilitation of the slopes of EPSPs, suggesting a presynaptic locus of the action. The suppressive effect could be blocked by the selective H3 antagonist thioperamide, and mimicked by the selective H3 agonist R-alpha-methylhistamine, indicating that the suppressive effect is mediated by the presynaptic H3 receptor. The potentiating effect of histamine on EPSPs was not accompanied by the change of paired-pulse facilitation and was not affected by the presence of H1, H2 or H3 receptor antagonists. In addition, the effective concentration of agonist to produce 50% of maximal response (EC50) of the potentiating action of histamine is 49 nM, much lower than the EC50 (470 nM) of the H3 receptor-mediated suppressive effect characterized here. These observations suggest a novel, high affinity and postsynaptically mediated effect of histamine. In extracellular recordings, histamine, at low concentration (200 nM), consistently potentiated field potentials. At high concentration (20 microM), histamine suppressed field potentials, but potentiated field potentials when H3 receptors were blocked. Taken together, these results revealed that histamine, via the presynaptic H3 receptor and a currently unknown mechanism, decreases or increases excitatory synaptic transmission in the BLA respectively. This specific histaminergic modulation of neuronal activity in the amygdala may play an important role in amygdala-mediated physiological and pathophysiological processes, such as fear, emotional learning and memory, temporal lobe epilepsy, and affective disorders. JF - Neuroscience AU - Jiang, X AU - Chen, A AU - Li, H AD - Neuroscience Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 691 EP - 703 VL - 131 IS - 3 SN - 0306-4522, 0306-4522 KW - Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists KW - 0 KW - GABA Antagonists KW - Histamine Antagonists KW - Isoquinolines KW - Tetrazoles KW - tezampanel KW - 6XN50U405Y KW - 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate KW - 76726-92-6 KW - Histamine KW - 820484N8I3 KW - Bicuculline KW - Y37615DVKC KW - Index Medicus KW - Bicuculline -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Membrane Potentials -- radiation effects KW - Drug Interactions KW - Electric Stimulation -- methods KW - Histamine Antagonists -- pharmacology KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - GABA Antagonists -- pharmacology KW - Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists -- pharmacology KW - Rats KW - Tetrazoles -- pharmacology KW - Isoquinolines -- pharmacology KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials -- drug effects KW - 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate -- pharmacology KW - Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials -- radiation effects KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Membrane Potentials -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Histamine -- pharmacology KW - Amygdala -- cytology KW - Synaptic Transmission -- drug effects KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Neurons -- physiology KW - Amygdala -- physiology KW - Amygdala -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67459780?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Histaminergic+modulation+of+excitatory+synaptic+transmission+in+the+rat+basolateral+amygdala.&rft.au=Jiang%2C+X%3BChen%2C+A%3BLi%2C+H&rft.aulast=Jiang&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=131&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=691&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuroscience&rft.issn=03064522&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-06 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct binding of estradiol enhances Slack (sequence like a calcium-activated potassium channel) channels' activity. AN - 67421992; 15708472 AB - 17Beta-estradiol (E2) is a major neuroregulator, exerting both genomic and non-genomic actions. E2 regulation of Slack (sequence like a calcium-activated potassium channel) potassium channels has not been identified in the CNS. We demonstrate E2-induced activation of Slack channels, which display a unitary conductance of about 60 pS, are inhibited by intracellular calcium, and are abundantly expressed in the nervous system. In lipid bilayers derived from rat cortical neuronal membranes, E2 increases Slack open probability and appears to decrease channel inactivation. Additionally, E2 binds to the Slack channel and activates outward currents in human embryonic kidney-293 cells that express Slack channels but not classical estrogen receptors (i.e. ERalpha or ERbeta). Neither E2-induced activation nor the binding intensity of E2 to the Slack channel is blocked by tamoxifen, an ER antagonist/agonist. Thus, E2 activates a potassium channel, Slack, through a non-traditional membrane binding site, adding to known non-genomic mechanisms by which E2 exerts pharmacological and toxicological effects in the CNS. JF - Neuroscience AU - Zhang, L AU - Sukhareva, M AU - Barker, J L AU - Maric, D AU - Hao, Y AU - Chang, Y H AU - Ma, W AU - O'Shaughnessy, T AU - Rubinow, D R AD - Behavioral Endocrinology Branch, NIMH/NIH, Building 10, Room 65340, MSC 1276, Bethesda, MD 20892-1276, USA. lezhang@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 275 EP - 282 VL - 131 IS - 2 SN - 0306-4522, 0306-4522 KW - Nerve Tissue Proteins KW - 0 KW - Potassium Channels KW - Slack protein, rat KW - Estradiol KW - 4TI98Z838E KW - Index Medicus KW - Protein Binding -- physiology KW - Animals KW - Neurons -- metabolism KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Cell Line KW - Potassium Channels -- metabolism KW - Potassium Channels -- genetics KW - Nerve Tissue Proteins -- metabolism KW - Nerve Tissue Proteins -- genetics KW - Estradiol -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67421992?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Direct+binding+of+estradiol+enhances+Slack+%28sequence+like+a+calcium-activated+potassium+channel%29+channels%27+activity.&rft.au=Zhang%2C+L%3BSukhareva%2C+M%3BBarker%2C+J+L%3BMaric%2C+D%3BHao%2C+Y%3BChang%2C+Y+H%3BMa%2C+W%3BO%27Shaughnessy%2C+T%3BRubinow%2C+D+R&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=131&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuroscience&rft.issn=03064522&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-05-03 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Priority list of research areas for radiological nuclear threat countermeasures. AN - 67341315; 15606315 AB - To help the nation prepare for the possibility of a terrorist attack using radiological and nuclear devices, the Office of Science and Technology Policy and the Homeland Security Council established an interagency working group. The working group deliberated on the research needs for radiological/ nuclear threat countermeasures and identified and prioritized 18 areas for further attention. The highest priorities were given to research on (1) radioprotectors for use prior to exposure; (2) therapeutic agents for postexposure treatment; (3) antimicrobial therapy for infections associated with radiation exposure; (4) cytokines and growth factors; (5) mechanisms of radiation injury at the molecular, cellular, tissue and organism levels; and (6) automation of biodosimetric assays. High priority was given to (1) developing biomarkers for biodosimetry; (2) enhancing training in the radiation sciences; (3) exploring the consequences of combined injury; (4) establishing a repository of information regarding investigational countermeasures; and (5) following the health of an exposed population to better prepare for subsequent events. The research areas that the committee felt required the attention of the radiation research community are described in this report in an effort to inform this community about the needs of the nation and to encourage researchers to address these critical issues. JF - Radiation research AU - Pellmar, Terry C AU - Rockwell, Sara AU - Radiological/Nuclear Threat Countermeasures Working Group AD - Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland 20889-5603, USA. pellmar@afrri.usuhs.mil ; Radiological/Nuclear Threat Countermeasures Working Group Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 115 EP - 123 VL - 163 IS - 1 SN - 0033-7587, 0033-7587 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Organizational Objectives KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Security Measures -- organization & administration KW - Research -- organization & administration KW - Radiation Protection -- methods KW - Nuclear Warfare -- prevention & control KW - Radiation Injuries -- prevention & control KW - Health Physics -- methods KW - Health Physics -- organization & administration KW - Terrorism -- prevention & control KW - Research Design UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67341315?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Radiation+research&rft.atitle=Priority+list+of+research+areas+for+radiological+nuclear+threat+countermeasures.&rft.au=Pellmar%2C+Terry+C%3BRockwell%2C+Sara%3BRadiological%2FNuclear+Threat+Countermeasures+Working+Group&rft.aulast=Pellmar&rft.aufirst=Terry&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=163&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+research&rft.issn=00337587&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-08 N1 - Date created - 2004-12-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Epidermal growth factor facilitates epinephrine inhibition of P2X7-receptor-mediated pore formation and apoptosis: a novel signaling network. AN - 67321232; 15459114 AB - Epidermal growth factor (EGF), epinephrine, and the P2X7 receptor system regulate growth of human uterine cervical epithelial cells, but little is known about how these systems intercommunicate in exerting their actions. The objective of this study was to understand the mechanisms of EGF and epinephrine regulation of growth of cervical cells. Treatment of cultured CaSki cells with 0.2 nM EGF increased cell number via a PD98059-sensitive pathway. Treatment with 2 nM epinephrine increased cell number, and the effect was facilitated by cotreatment with EGF. Whereas the effect of EGF alone involved up-regulation of [3H]-thymidine incorporation and an increase in cell proliferation, the effect of epinephrine was mediated by inhibition of apoptosis. Epinephrine inhibited apoptosis induced by the P2X7 receptor ligand 2',3'-0-(4-benzoylbenzoyl)-ATP, by attenuation of P2X7 receptor plasma membrane pore formation. Cotreatment with EGF facilitated epinephrine effect via a phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependent mechanism. CaSki cells express the beta2-adrenoceptor, and the epinephrine antiapoptotic effect could be mimicked by beta2-adrenoceptor agonists and by activators of adenylyl cyclase. Likewise, the effect could be blocked by beta2-adrenoceptor blockers and by the inhibitor of protein kinase-A H-89. Western immunoblot analysis revealed that epinephrine decreased the levels of the glycosylated 85-kDa form of the P2X7 receptor and increased receptor degradation, and that EGF potentiated these effects of epinephrine. EGF did not affect cellular levels of the beta2-adrenoceptor. In contrast, EGF, acting via the EGF receptor, augmented beta2-adrenoceptor recycling, and it inhibited beta2-adrenoceptor internalization via a phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependent mechanism. We conclude that, in cervical epithelial cells, EGF has a dual role: as mitogen, acting via the MAPK/MAPK kinase pathway, and as an antiapoptotic factor by facilitating epinephrine effect and resulting in greater expression of beta2-adrenoceptors in the plasma membrane. These findings underscore a novel signaling network of communication between the receptor tyrosine kinases, the G protein-coupled receptors, and the purinergic P2X7 receptor. JF - Endocrinology AU - Wang, Liqin AU - Feng, Ying-Hong AU - Gorodeski, George I AD - Department of Pharmacology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA. Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 164 EP - 174 VL - 146 IS - 1 SN - 0013-7227, 0013-7227 KW - P2RX7 protein, human KW - 0 KW - Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists KW - Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 KW - Receptors, Purinergic P2 KW - Receptors, Purinergic P2X7 KW - Epidermal Growth Factor KW - 62229-50-9 KW - Epinephrine KW - YKH834O4BH KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Mitochondria -- physiology KW - Cell Membrane Permeability -- physiology KW - Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 -- physiology KW - Humans KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Cell Line, Tumor KW - Cell Line, Transformed KW - Drug Synergism KW - Female KW - Apoptosis -- physiology KW - Cell Membrane -- physiology KW - Epidermal Growth Factor -- pharmacology KW - Signal Transduction -- physiology KW - Cervix Uteri -- physiology KW - Epinephrine -- pharmacology KW - Apoptosis -- drug effects KW - Cervix Uteri -- cytology KW - Cell Membrane -- metabolism KW - Epidermal Growth Factor -- physiology KW - Epinephrine -- physiology KW - Receptors, Purinergic P2 -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67321232?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Endocrinology&rft.atitle=Epidermal+growth+factor+facilitates+epinephrine+inhibition+of+P2X7-receptor-mediated+pore+formation+and+apoptosis%3A+a+novel+signaling+network.&rft.au=Wang%2C+Liqin%3BFeng%2C+Ying-Hong%3BGorodeski%2C+George+I&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Liqin&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=146&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=164&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Endocrinology&rft.issn=00137227&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-01-18 N1 - Date created - 2004-12-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Biol Chem. 2002 May 3;277(18):15752-7 [11864978] Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2002 Jun;282(6):H2106-16 [12003818] Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2003 May;284(5):C1164-75 [12540376] J Immunol. 2003 Aug 1;171(3):1304-11 [12874219] J Endotoxin Res. 2003;9(4):256-63 [12935357] Mol Pharmacol. 2004 Apr;65(4):979-85 [15044628] Adv Exp Med Biol. 1993;330:13-26 [8396309] Cancer Res. 1993 Oct 1;53(19):4511-7 [8402622] Differentiation. 1994 Apr;56(1-2):107-18 [7517899] Exp Cell Res. 1994 Sep;214(1):358-66 [7521846] Science. 1995 Mar 10;267(5203):1449-56 [7533326] Exp Cell Res. 1995 Oct;220(2):390-6 [7556448] Cell Signal. 1995 May;7(4):303-11 [8527298] Science. 1996 May 3;272(5262):735-8 [8614837] Cell. 1996 Jul 12;86(1):147-57 [8689682] Res Vet Sci. 1997 Jan-Feb;62(1):30-3 [9160421] J Immunol. 1997 Aug 1;159(3):1451-8 [9233643] J Cell Biol. 1997 Dec 29;139(7):1635-43 [9412459] Endocrinology. 1998 Mar;139(3):913-21 [9492020] J Clin Immunol. 1999 Nov;19(6):350-64 [10634209] Int J Hematol. 1999 Dec;70(4):226-32 [10643147] J Biol Chem. 2000 Mar 31;275(13):9572-80 [10734107] Circulation. 2000 Jul 18;102(3):344-50 [10899100] Bioessays. 2000 Aug;22(8):697-707 [10918300] J Biol Chem. 1998 Jun 12;273(24):15177-82 [9614131] Science. 1998 Aug 28;281(5381):1305-8 [9721089] Pharmacol Rev. 1998 Sep;50(3):413-92 [9755289] Exp Cell Res. 1998 Oct 10;244(1):349-56 [9770378] Biochemistry. 1998 Oct 20;37(42):14845-51 [9778359] Cell Biochem Biophys. 1998;29(3):307-31 [9868584] J Biol Chem. 1999 Mar 5;274(10):6653-9 [10037762] Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 1999 Jun;31(6):637-43 [10404636] Clin Chem. 1999 Aug;45(8 Pt 1):1235-9 [10430789] Eur J Pharmacol. 1999 Jul 2;376(1-2):127-38 [10440098] J Physiol. 1999 Sep 1;519 Pt 2:335-46 [10457053] Circulation. 1999 Nov 30;100(22):2210-2 [10577992] Biochem J. 2000 Sep 1;350 Pt 2:413-9 [10947955] J Biol Chem. 2000 Sep 1;275(35):26792-8 [10854431] J Biol Chem. 2000 Oct 27;275(43):33542-7 [10942758] Oral Oncol. 2001 Jan;37(1):50-6 [11120483] J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2001 Jan;33(1):3-7 [11133218] Pharmacol Rev. 2001 Mar;53(1):1-24 [11171937] Oncogene. 2001 Mar 26;20(13):1532-9 [11313899] Oncogene. 2001 Mar 26;20(13):1594-600 [11313906] J Biol Chem. 2001 Jun 29;276(26):23262-7 [11313357] Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2004 Nov;287(5):C1349-58 [15269006] J Biol Chem. 1980 Feb 25;255(4):1239-41 [6243633] J Biol Chem. 1983 Mar 10;258(5):2789-94 [6298205] Obstet Gynecol. 1986 Apr;67(4):574-8 [2870450] J Biol Chem. 1987 Nov 25;262(33):15845-50 [3500168] Am J Physiol. 1988 Jan;254(1 Pt 1):E54-62 [2827512] J Histochem Cytochem. 1988 Dec;36(12):1475-9 [2848069] Q J Exp Physiol. 1989 Jul;74(4):573-6 [2552494] Endocrinology. 1990 Jan;126(1):399-406 [1688411] Clin Physiol Biochem. 1990;8(4):184-7 [2078920] Biochem Pharmacol. 1991 Nov 27;42(12):2333-40 [1662511] Annu Rev Cell Biol. 1991;7:663-98 [1809356] Hum Reprod. 1993 Jan;8(1):119-21 [8458913] J Anat. 2001 May;198(Pt 5):569-79 [11430696] J Cell Physiol. 2001 Dec;189(3):257-65 [11748583] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Hidden Inequality in Socialism AN - 60703630; 200511506 AB - Explores the hidden inequality in pretransition socialist economies in Eastern Europe & Central Asia. At issue is how the socialist system generated, tolerated, & concealed inequalities & why economic inequality was important to the running of centrally planned economies. The measurement & interpretation of inequality was distorted by its political purpose; thus, economic indices for the period are useless as they existed to justify the regime. Various sources of inequality, eg, education, housing, health care, are discussed. 1 Figure, 39 References. J. Zendejas JF - The Independent Review AU - Henderson, David R AU - McNab, Robert M AU - Rozsas, Tamas AD - Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 389 EP - 412 VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 1086-1653, 1086-1653 KW - Income Inequality KW - Socialist Societies KW - Eastern Europe KW - Central Asia KW - Economic Systems KW - article KW - 9141: political economy; political economy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60703630?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent+Review&rft.atitle=The+Hidden+Inequality+in+Socialism&rft.au=Henderson%2C+David+R%3BMcNab%2C+Robert+M%3BRozsas%2C+Tamas&rft.aulast=Henderson&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=389&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Independent+Review&rft.issn=10861653&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - IREVFP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Socialist Societies; Income Inequality; Economic Systems; Eastern Europe; Central Asia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New Approaches to Deterrence in Britain, France, and the United States AN - 60586090; 200510120 AB - The three western nuclear powers have in recent years been more preoccupied with threats from regional powers armed with weapons of mass destruction than with potential major power threats. London, Paris, & Washington have each substantially reduced their deployed nuclear forces & sharply cut back their range of delivery systems since the end of the Cold War in 1989-1991. While each has manifested greater interest in non-nuclear capabilities for deterrence, each has attempted, with varying degrees of clarity, to define options for limited nuclear use. All three have articulated their nuclear employment threats within a conceptual framework intended to promote deterrence. Despite the differences in their approaches & circumstances, the three western nuclear powers are grappling with tough &, to some extent, unanswered questions: what threat will deter? To what extent have the grounds for confidence in deterrence been diminished? To what extent has it been prudent to scale back deployed nuclear capabilities & redefine threats of nuclear retaliation? To what extent would limited nuclear options enhance deterrence & simplify nuclear employment decisions? What level of confidence should be placed in the full array of deterrence & containment measures? To what extent is deterrence national policy, & to what extent is it Alliance policy? Adapted from the source document. JF - International Affairs AU - Yost, David S AD - U Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 83 EP - 114 VL - 81 IS - 1 SN - 0020-5850, 0020-5850 KW - France KW - Defense Policy KW - Post Cold War Period KW - United States of America KW - Deterrence KW - United Kingdom KW - Nuclear Weapons KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60586090?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Affairs&rft.atitle=New+Approaches+to+Deterrence+in+Britain%2C+France%2C+and+the+United+States&rft.au=Yost%2C+David+S&rft.aulast=Yost&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Affairs&rft.issn=00205850&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Deterrence; United Kingdom; France; United States of America; Defense Policy; Nuclear Weapons; Post Cold War Period ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Causal Attributions for Poverty among Indian Youth AN - 60295908; 200616069 AB - In this study we investigated attributions for poverty among secondary school & university students in relation to socio-economic & socio-demographic variables. The questionnaire was adapted from Nasser & Abouchedid (2001), & included 31 items. It was administered to a sample (n = 365) of secondary school & university students from public & private schools & universities in India. Findings showed that Indian youth were more inclined to attribute poverty to structural factors. Socio-demographic variables of age & educational status were significant predictors for the individualistic causal attribution of poverty. Research in this area should extend to relate stereotypes & various socio-economic attitudes as liberalism or conservatism & their relation to attribution for poverty. Tables, Appendixes, References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Current Research in Social Psychology AU - Nasser, Ramzi AU - Singhal, Sushila AU - Abouchedid, Kamal AD - Faculty Applied & Natural Sciences, Notre Dame U, Lebanon rnasser@ndu.edu.lb Y1 - 2005///0, PY - 2005 DA - 0, 2005 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - Center for the Study of Group Processes, University of Iowa, Iowa City VL - 11 IS - 1 SN - 1088-7423, 1088-7423 KW - Socioeconomic Factors KW - Attribution KW - Student Attitudes KW - Poverty KW - Stereotypes KW - Sociodemographic Factors KW - India KW - article KW - 2757: studies in poverty; studies in poverty UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60295908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Research+in+Social+Psychology&rft.atitle=Causal+Attributions+for+Poverty+among+Indian+Youth&rft.au=Nasser%2C+Ramzi%3BSinghal%2C+Sushila%3BAbouchedid%2C+Kamal&rft.aulast=Nasser&rft.aufirst=Ramzi&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+Research+in+Social+Psychology&rft.issn=10887423&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.uiowa.edu/~grpproc/crisp/crisp.html LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2009-11-02 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Poverty; India; Student Attitudes; Sociodemographic Factors; Socioeconomic Factors; Attribution; Stereotypes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Making Sense of North Korea: Pyongyang and Comparative Communism AN - 59733837; 200619252 AB - Highly repressive, heavily militarized, strongly resistant to reform, & ruled by a dynastic dictatorship that adheres to a hybrid ideology, North Korea might be "the strangest political system in existence." While distinctive, North Korea is an orthodox communist party-state best classified as an eroding totalitarian regime. Although weakening, Pyongyang remains durable & could survive for many more years. Absent "regime change," North Korea is unlikely to demilitarize -- including relinquishing its nuclear program -- & will continue to reject thoroughgoing economic reform, cling to ideology for legitimacy, & make every effort to engineer a successful dynastic succession. Figures. Adapted from the source document. JF - Asian Security AU - Scobell, Andrew AD - Strategic Studies Instit, US Army War Coll, Carlisle Barracks, PA zndrew.scobell@carlisle.army.mil Y1 - 2005///0, PY - 2005 DA - 0, 2005 SP - 245 EP - 266 PB - Taylor & Francis, US VL - 1 IS - 3 SN - 1479-9855, 1479-9855 KW - Communism KW - Political Systems KW - Legitimacy KW - North Korea KW - Dictatorship KW - article KW - 9083: government/political systems; comparative governments/political systems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59733837?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asian+Security&rft.atitle=Making+Sense+of+North+Korea%3A+Pyongyang+and+Comparative+Communism&rft.au=Scobell%2C+Andrew&rft.aulast=Scobell&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Asian+Security&rft.issn=14799855&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F14799850500341932 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - North Korea; Political Systems; Legitimacy; Dictatorship; Communism DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14799850500341932 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Congressional Delegation of Spending Power to the Defense Department in the Post-9-11 Period AN - 59711553; 200611546 AB - The advantages of increased delegation of resource management authority by Congress have long been argued by defense leadership. It is an important issue because of its relevance to congressional assessment of defense management, budget priorities, & how to enforce policy preferences. This paper investigates the series of supplemental appropriations for the war on terrorism to determine (a) under what conditions, & how & why Congress delegates budget authority to defense, (b) what happened with respect to the degree of delegation after appropriation during budget execution, & (c) what this case teaches us about the evolving budgetary relationship between Congress & the Defense Department. Tables. Adapted from the source document. JF - Public Budgeting & Finance AU - Candreva, Philip J AU - Jones, L R AD - Graduate School Business & Public Policy, Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 1 EP - 19 PB - Blackwell Publishing, Malden MA VL - 25 IS - 4 SN - 0275-1100, 0275-1100 KW - Government Agencies KW - Public Finance KW - Intergovernmental Relations KW - United States of America KW - Budgets KW - Legislative Bodies KW - article KW - 9089: government/political systems; legislatures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59711553?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Public+Budgeting+%26+Finance&rft.atitle=Congressional+Delegation+of+Spending+Power+to+the+Defense+Department+in+the+Post-9-11+Period&rft.au=Candreva%2C+Philip+J%3BJones%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Candreva&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Public+Budgeting+%26+Finance&rft.issn=02751100&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Public Finance; Budgets; Legislative Bodies; United States of America; Intergovernmental Relations; Government Agencies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Facilitating cross-boundary leadership in emerging e-government leaders. AN - 57686807; 489214 AB - To achieve the vision of e-government, organisations across the federal, state and local government are challenged to improve efficiency and effectiveness, and to afford citizens the same access to information and services they have come to expect from e-business. E-government also has the potential to foster participation in governance. To achieve e-government objectives, leaders must collaborate across boundaries with their counterparts in other departments, organisations, and levels of government. In 2002, the Information Resources Management College, National Defense University, began focusing on the development of cross-boundary leadership as the foundation of its new e-government Leadership Certificate. (Author abstract) JF - Electronic Government AU - McDaniel, Elizabeth A AD - Information Resources Management College, National Defense University, Fort Lesley J. McNair, Washington DC 20319, USA Y1 - 2005///0, PY - 2005 DA - 0, 2005 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - Inderscience Enterprises Ltd VL - 2 IS - 1 SN - 1740-7494, 1740-7494 KW - Public administration KW - Electronic information services KW - Government information KW - Information technology KW - 14.11: COMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY - NETWORKS UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/57686807?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Alisa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Electronic+Government&rft.atitle=Facilitating+cross-boundary+leadership+in+emerging+e-government+leaders.&rft.au=McDaniel%2C+Elizabeth+A&rft.aulast=McDaniel&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Electronic+Government&rft.issn=17407494&rft_id=info:doi/10.1504%2FEG.2005.006644 LA - English DB - Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA) N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-23 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Electronic information services; Government information; Information technology; Public administration DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/EG.2005.006644 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new estimator for directional properties of nearshore waves AN - 51726089; 2005-030994 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Sheremet, A AU - Guza, R T AU - Herbers, T H C Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 11 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 110 IS - C1 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - United States KW - currents KW - Northwest Atlantic KW - SandyDuck KW - longshore currents KW - Duck North Carolina KW - Dare County North Carolina KW - nearshore environment KW - energy balance KW - ocean currents KW - case studies KW - ocean waves KW - North Carolina KW - mathematical methods KW - coastal environment KW - North Atlantic KW - maximum entropy analysis KW - flowmeters KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51726089?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=A+new+estimator+for+directional+properties+of+nearshore+waves&rft.au=Sheremet%2C+A%3BGuza%2C+R+T%3BHerbers%2C+T+H+C&rft.aulast=Sheremet&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=C1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003JC002236 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; case studies; coastal environment; currents; Dare County North Carolina; Duck North Carolina; energy balance; flowmeters; longshore currents; mathematical methods; maximum entropy analysis; nearshore environment; North Atlantic; North Carolina; Northwest Atlantic; ocean currents; ocean waves; SandyDuck; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JC002236 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organic chemicals in groundwater; modeling fate and transport AN - 50282721; 2005-074365 JF - The = Handbook of Environmental Chemistry. Volume 5 AU - Goltz, Mark N AU - Park, Jae-Woo AU - Feng, Peter P AU - Young, Harold C A2 - Kassim, Tarek A. Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 33 EP - 63 PB - Springer, Berlin VL - F SN - 1433-6863, 1433-6863 KW - hazardous waste KW - sorption KW - dispersivity KW - contaminant plumes KW - landfills KW - halogens KW - hydrolysis KW - ground water KW - transport KW - reduction KW - construction KW - recycling KW - numerical models KW - pollutants KW - physicochemical properties KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - petroleum products KW - advection KW - aquifers KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - transformations KW - roads KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50282721?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+%3D+Handbook+of+Environmental+Chemistry.+Volume+5&rft.atitle=Organic+chemicals+in+groundwater%3B+modeling+fate+and+transport&rft.au=Goltz%2C+Mark+N%3BPark%2C+Jae-Woo%3BFeng%2C+Peter+P%3BYoung%2C+Harold+C&rft.aulast=Goltz&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=F&rft.issue=&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=354023585X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+%3D+Handbook+of+Environmental+Chemistry.+Volume+5&rft.issn=14336863&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fb11438 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(ipmx4n45r1tsyz2y3vd3op2o)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:110354,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 77 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; aquifers; construction; contaminant plumes; dispersivity; ground water; halogens; hazardous waste; hydrocarbons; hydrolysis; landfills; models; numerical models; organic compounds; oxidation; petroleum products; physicochemical properties; pollutants; pollution; recycling; reduction; risk assessment; roads; sorption; transformations; transport; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b11438 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The complexity of military intervention in humanitarian crises AN - 38214273; 2995148 JF - Global dialogue AU - Miskel, James F AD - US Naval War College Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 SP - 125 EP - 133 VL - 7 IS - 1-2 SN - 1450-0590, 1450-0590 KW - Political Science KW - Sociology KW - International relations KW - Strategic planning KW - Weapons KW - Ethnicity KW - Globalization KW - Humanitarian intervention KW - Military intervention UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/38214273?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+dialogue&rft.atitle=The+complexity+of+military+intervention+in+humanitarian+crises&rft.au=Miskel%2C+James+F&rft.aulast=Miskel&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+dialogue&rft.issn=14500590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 8069 1259 2698 12749 2703 6828 7869 5200 5574 10472; 13501 1304 7805 3198 1077; 4435; 12305 9560; 6784; 6117 12190 6828 7869 2703 2698 5200 5574 10472; 5517 3893 3921 9653 11783 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interest rate pass-through in Pakistan: evidence from transfer function approach AN - 36937422; 3756282 AB - This paper empirically investigates the pass-through of the changes in the interest rate on Treasury bills in Pakistan to money market rate (call money rate), banks' deposit rate, and banks' lending rate. The motivation for the study is that the effectiveness of the monetary policy transmission mechanism hinges upon the speed and extent of the pass-through of the policy rate to the individual elements of the transmission mechanism. Call money rate, banks' deposit rate, and banks' lending rate, being important elements of the monetary transmission mechanism, the examination of the pass-through to these rates will shed light on the effectiveness of the monetary transmission mechanism. The results are, by and large, in conformity with the literature on the pass-through of the changes in the treasury bill rate to call money is completed in the impact period, i.e., one month. The pass-through to savings deposit rate starts during the first six months and continues for quite long. In the case of six-months deposit rate and the lending rate, no pass-through is noticed during the first six-months. The pass-through occurs between 1.5-3 years in both the cases. Reprinted by permission of the Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, Quaid-i-Azam University Campus, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan http://www.pide.org.pk JF - Pakistan development review AU - Qayyum, Abdul AU - Khan, Sajawal AU - Khawaja, Idrees AU - Khalid, Ahmed M AD - Pakistan Institute of Development Economics ; Government Degree College, Ghasi ; Air University, Islamabad Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 SP - 975 EP - 1002 VL - 44 IS - 4 SN - 0030-9729, 0030-9729 KW - Economics KW - Interest rates KW - Pricing KW - Pakistan KW - Financial economics KW - Monetary economics KW - Development studies KW - Capital costs KW - Banking KW - Income UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36937422?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pakistan+development+review&rft.atitle=Interest+rate+pass-through+in+Pakistan%3A+evidence+from+transfer+function+approach&rft.au=Qayyum%2C+Abdul%3BKhan%2C+Sajawal%3BKhawaja%2C+Idrees%3BKhalid%2C+Ahmed+M&rft.aulast=Qayyum&rft.aufirst=Abdul&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=975&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pakistan+development+review&rft.issn=00309729&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 3513; 6637 6632; 8206 7585 4025; 1960 2934; 6271; 10119; 1470 1477 4930 6590 4908; 4922 4025; 318 387 30 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Insurgency in a time of terrorism AN - 36527131; 3323982 JF - Desafíos AU - Marks, Tom AD - National Defense University Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 10 EP - 34 VL - 12 SN - 0124-4035, 0124-4035 KW - Political Science KW - International relations KW - Strategic planning KW - Warfare KW - Terrorism KW - Resistance KW - Power KW - War on terror KW - Insurgency KW - Armed conflict KW - Political theory UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36527131?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Desaf%C3%ADos&rft.atitle=Insurgency+in+a+time+of+terrorism&rft.au=Marks%2C+Tom&rft.aulast=Marks&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=&rft.spage=10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Desaf%C3%ADos&rft.issn=01244035&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 1259 2698; 12686 13325; 9798; 13457 13443 2698; 6596 9634; 12305 9560; 9965; 10950; 6784; 13452 12686 13325 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - What is Preventing Homeland Security? AN - 20611657; 9329170 AB - Almost four years have gone by since the United States formally joined the global war on terrorism. Yet something stops us from giving as much attention to preventing terrorism as we give to preparing to respond to the next attack. One reason is a homeland security system that is designed for response rather than prevention. Three fears hamper efforts to reconfigure that system: the fear of new behaviors; the fear of imagination; and the fear of emergence. Despite these barriers, we know more about prevention than most people in Homeland Security are aware of. The Preparedness Guidelines for Homeland Security, issued in 2003 by the DHS, identifies five elements of a cohesive prevention strategy: collaboration, information sharing, threat recognition, risk management, and intervention. These Guidelines provide a good initial framework for effective prevention. We can continuously improve the Guidelines by transforming them from a proprietary to an "open source" pro ject within the public safety community. JF - Homeland Security Affairs AU - Bellavita, C AD - Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California, USA, christopherbellavita@gmail.com Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 VL - 1 IS - 1 SN - 1558-643X, 1558-643X KW - Risk Abstracts KW - USA KW - terrorism KW - homeland security KW - guidelines KW - intervention KW - prevention KW - war KW - R2 23070:Economics, organization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20611657?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Homeland+Security+Affairs&rft.atitle=What+is+Preventing+Homeland+Security%3F&rft.au=Bellavita%2C+C&rft.aulast=Bellavita&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Homeland+Security+Affairs&rft.issn=1558643X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - terrorism; homeland security; guidelines; intervention; prevention; war; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Manual Control of Phragmites australis in Freshwater Ponds of Cape Cod National Seashore, Massachusetts, USA AN - 20603095; 6482394 AB - The non-native, invasive genotype of the common reed (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steudel) has become a problem of significant proportions throughout wetlands of North America. Although attempts to suppress or eradicate Phragmites have utilized a wide variety of techniques, herbicides have generally been most effective. However, their use may be infeasible due to policy, political, or ecological concerns and alternative techniques are often sought. JF - Journal of Aquatic Plant Management AU - Smith, S M AD - National Park Service, Cape Cod National Seashore, 99 Marconi Site Road, Wellfleet, MA 02667, USA, stephen_m_smith@nps.gov Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 50 EP - 53 PB - Aquatic Plant Management Society, Inc., PO Box 1477 Lehigh Acres FL 33970 USA VL - 43 IS - 1 SN - 0146-6623, 0146-6623 KW - Invasive species KW - Manual control KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Phragmites KW - Aquatic macrophytes (Gramineae) KW - Politics KW - Seashores KW - Genotypes KW - Freshwater KW - Ponds KW - Aquatic Plants KW - USA, Massachusetts, Cape Cod KW - Wetlands KW - Policies KW - Refuges KW - Aquatic plants KW - Chemical oxygen demand KW - Herbicides KW - Marshes KW - Inland water environment KW - Environmental protection KW - Freshwater weeds KW - Coastal zone KW - Plant control KW - Phragmites australis KW - Introduced species KW - Sanctuaries KW - Environment management KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - Q1 08485:Species interactions: pests and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20603095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Aquatic+Plant+Management&rft.atitle=Manual+Control+of+Phragmites+australis+in+Freshwater+Ponds+of+Cape+Cod+National+Seashore%2C+Massachusetts%2C+USA&rft.au=Smith%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=50&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Aquatic+Plant+Management&rft.issn=01466623&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Policies; Refuges; Aquatic plants; Herbicides; Marshes; Inland water environment; Ponds; Freshwater weeds; Environmental protection; Coastal zone; Plant control; Wetlands; Introduced species; Environment management; Sanctuaries; Politics; Chemical oxygen demand; Genotypes; Aquatic Plants; Aquatic macrophytes (Gramineae); Seashores; Phragmites; Phragmites australis; USA, Massachusetts, Cape Cod; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative Susceptibility of Three Species of Anopheles from Belize, Central America, to Plasmodium falciparum (Nf-54) AN - 19842718; 6964629 AB - In August of 2000, a comparative susceptibility study was conducted using 3 species of Anopheles mosquitoes from Belize, Central America, and a standard species used in laboratory infection studies, Anopheles stephensi. Test populations were fed human blood infected with cultured Plasmodium falciparum (NF-54 strain) parasites via a membrane feeder. The control species, An. stephensi, exhibited the highest infections, with 73.8% of dissected specimens positive for sporozoites in the salivary glands. The control species also showed heavier sporozoite loads; 74.0% of positive glands having greater than 200 sporozoites. Of species from Belize, Anopheles darlingi was the most susceptibile, e.g., 41.0% of salivary glands were positive, with more than 200 sporozoites per gland. Anopheles vestitipennis had a low salivary gland infection rate (9.3%) and a moderate number of sporozoites in glands (i.e., 85.7% containing 50-250 sporozoites). Anopheles albimanus was the least susceptible species to infection. No specimens of An. albimanus from the Golden Stream population developed sporozoites in the salivary glands, yet 20.7% of dissected specimens had positive midgut infections. The An. albimanus Buena Vista population showed similar results with only a 2.2% salivary gland infection rate and a 21.5% midgut infection rate. Oocysts in An. stephensi increased in size by 20% after day 10. Development peaked at day 12, with a mean oocyst diameter of 58 mu m at onset of oocyst differentiation. Oocysts developed more slowly in An. vestitipennis until day 10. After day 10, there was a 53% increase in oocyst development over the previous 10 days. Oocyst differentiation was not observed until day 13 postfeed. As with An. vestitipennis, both populations of An. albimanus showed similar slow rates of oocyst development; however, no dramatic growth increase occurred after day 10. The oocysts in the Golden Stream population exhibited a cessation of growth after day 10, peaking at a mean of 30 mu m. The Buena Vista population did not exhibit the same level of reduced oocyst development. A gradual increase in growth continued until days 13 and 14 (36.7 and 35.7 mu m, respectively). JF - Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association AU - Grieco, John P AU - Achee, Nicole L AU - Roberts, Donald R AU - Andre, Richard G AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814- 4799 Y1 - 2005///0, PY - 2005 DA - 0, 2005 SP - 279 EP - 290 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA, [mailto:webmaster@allenpress.com] VL - 21 IS - 3 SN - 8756-971X, 8756-971X KW - Mosquitoes KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Entomology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Belize KW - Parasites KW - Human diseases KW - Anopheles vestitipennis KW - Anopheles stephensi KW - Freshwater KW - Infection KW - Salivary gland KW - Anopheles albimanus KW - Streams KW - Public health KW - Differentiation KW - Glands KW - Midgut KW - Aquatic insects KW - Growth rate KW - Oocysts KW - Sporozoites KW - Culicidae KW - Plasmodium falciparum KW - Strains KW - Blood KW - Anopheles darlingi KW - Z 05206:Medical & veterinary entomology KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19842718?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Mosquito+Control+Association&rft.atitle=Comparative+Susceptibility+of+Three+Species+of+Anopheles+from+Belize%2C+Central+America%2C+to+Plasmodium+falciparum+%28Nf-54%29&rft.au=Grieco%2C+John+P%3BAchee%2C+Nicole+L%3BRoberts%2C+Donald+R%3BAndre%2C+Richard+G&rft.aulast=Grieco&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Mosquito+Control+Association&rft.issn=8756971X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Parasites; Human diseases; Glands; Strains; Aquatic insects; Public health; Blood; Differentiation; Oocysts; Sporozoites; Midgut; Salivary gland; Infection; Streams; Anopheles darlingi; Anopheles vestitipennis; Anopheles stephensi; Culicidae; Plasmodium falciparum; Anopheles albimanus; Belize; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tiletamine-Zolazepam-Xylazine Immobilization of American Marten (Martes Americana) AN - 19776620; 6975725 AB - The effectiveness of tiletamine-zolazepam (Telazol) and xylazine as an immobilizing combination for American martens (Martes americana) was evaluated. Fifteen martens were intramuscularly injected on 19 occasions using a 3:2 mixture of tiletamine-zolazepam (3.2+/-0.6 mg/kg [mean +/- SD]) and xylazine (2.1+/-0.4 mg/kg) at Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore, Michigan (USA) during May to October 2002-2003. Mean induction time was 2.5+/-1.8 min; mean recovery time was 70.8+/-31.9 min. There was no relation between the amount (mg/kg) of tiletamine-zolazepam- xylazine injected and induction (r super(2)=0.08, P=0.26). However, there was an inverse relation (r super(2)=0.28, P<0.01) between dosage and time to first effect of immobilants. Time to recovery increased (r super(2)=0.21, P=0.05) with increased dosage. Mean heart rate, respiratory rate, and body temperature declined through 10 min postinduction (P<0.05). No mortality occurred and no short-term adverse effects were observed in recaptured individuals. In conclusion, a 3:2 mixture of tiletamine-zolazepam/xylazine is a safe and effective immobilizing agent for martens when conducting nonsurgical field procedures. Immobilizing martens with 4.2 mg/kg tiletamine-zolazepam and 2.8 mg/kg xylazine should provide le30 min of handling time and allow full recovery in about 70 min. JF - Journal of Wildlife Diseases AU - Belant, Jerrold L AD - National Park Service, Pictured Rocks Science Center, Box 40, Munising, Michigan 49862, USA, Jerry_Belant@nps.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 659 EP - 663 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA, [mailto:webmaster@allenpress.com], [URL:http://www.allenpress.com] VL - 41 IS - 3 SN - 0090-3558, 0090-3558 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - Body temperature KW - Respiration KW - Heart rate KW - xylazine KW - Martes americana KW - Immobilization KW - Side effects KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19776620?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Wildlife+Diseases&rft.atitle=Tiletamine-Zolazepam-Xylazine+Immobilization+of+American+Marten+%28Martes+Americana%29&rft.au=Belant%2C+Jerrold+L&rft.aulast=Belant&rft.aufirst=Jerrold&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=659&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Wildlife+Diseases&rft.issn=00903558&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Body temperature; Respiration; Heart rate; xylazine; Side effects; Immobilization; Martes americana ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Yellowstone's ungulates after wolves - expectations, realizations, and predictions AN - 19440189; 6966996 AB - We evaluated the initial implications of wolf (Canis lupus) recovery on ungulates in Yellowstone National Park and compared expectations prior to wolf restoration with observed impacts since restoration. The numerical and functional responses of colonizing wolves in Yellowstone's prey-rich environment were higher than expected and close to the maximum rates predicted prior to wolf restoration. Counts of northern Yellowstone elk (Cervus elaphus) decreased more (50%) than predicted (5-30%), and will likely continue to decrease given the strong preference of wolves for elk and continued high kill rates despite this substantial reduction in elk abundance. Contrary to expectations, human harvests were not reduced appreciably concurrent with wolf restoration, but instead remained similar to pre-wolf restoration years. However, antler-less permits were gradually reduced by 51% during 2000-2004 and additional reductions may be necessary while wolf densities remain high. There have been no substantial effects of wolf recovery on other ungulate species (bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis), bison (Bison bison), moose (Alces alces), mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), pronghorn (Antilocapra americana)). However, wolf recovery may eventually contribute to increased bison and pronghorn abundance by decreasing elk and coyote abundance, respectively. Wolf recovery may also contribute to more-pronounced spatial structuring of sex/age classes of northern Yellowstone elk through changes in their distribution, migration, and age structure. The initial consequences of wolf recovery support the premise that wolves may naturally achieve densities above their threshold for ecological effectiveness and contribute to significant changes in ecosystems, including the amelioration of ungulate-caused landscape simplification. JF - Biological Conservation AU - White, P J AU - Garrott, R A AD - National Park Service, Yellowstone National Park, P.O. Box 168, Wyoming 82190, USA, pj_white@nps.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 141 EP - 152 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 125 IS - 2 SN - 0006-3207, 0006-3207 KW - American Bison KW - Bighorn sheep KW - Gray wolf KW - Moose KW - Pronghorn KW - Red Deer KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Elk KW - Harvest KW - Ungulates KW - Wolves KW - Yellowstone KW - Alces alces KW - Age composition KW - Cervus elaphus KW - Abundance KW - Ovis canadensis KW - National parks KW - Migration KW - Antilocapra americana KW - USA KW - Environmental restoration KW - Conservation KW - Bison bison bison KW - Canis lupus KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04705:Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19440189?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Conservation&rft.atitle=Yellowstone%27s+ungulates+after+wolves+-+expectations%2C+realizations%2C+and+predictions&rft.au=White%2C+P+J%3BGarrott%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=125&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Conservation&rft.issn=00063207&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biocon.2005.01.048 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Age composition; Ungulates; Abundance; National parks; Conservation; Environmental restoration; Migration; Alces alces; Cervus elaphus; Ovis canadensis; Bison bison bison; Canis lupus; Antilocapra americana; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2005.01.048 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ear injury from air bag deployment noise? AN - 17871436; 6260936 AB - Data from animal exposures to impulse noise is reviewed and an auditory injury criterion is proposed. The criterion is based on A-weighted acoustic energy, normalized to an equivalent 8-hour exposure, for which a level of 92 dB is estimated to cause unacceptable permanent auditory injuries in 10% of the population. Auditory hazard of air bag noise was assessed by comparing recent fleet representative air bag noise data with four impulse noise occupational standards used in NATO countries and with the auditory injury criterion arising from this study. The data analysis indicates that air bag deployment produces intense noise that exceeds each of the current occupational standards for noise related ear injury. Dual air bag deployments produce peak sound pressure levels from 165 to 175 dB and A-weighted energies as large as 97 dB. The proposed auditory injury criterion, together with the observed distribution of energy levels from the air bags tested, suggests that air bag noise can produce permanent auditory injuries in about 1-2% of the deployments. JF - International Journal of Crashworthiness AU - Chan, P C AU - Stuhmiller, J H AU - Bandak, F A AD - Department of Neurology, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA, fbandak@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 33 EP - 40 VL - 10 IS - 1 SN - 1358-8265, 1358-8265 KW - ear injuries KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - crashworthiness KW - Injuries KW - Acoustics KW - Noise levels KW - Animal models KW - Sound pressure KW - Reviews KW - Air bags KW - H 11000:Diseases/Injuries/Trauma UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17871436?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Crashworthiness&rft.atitle=Ear+injury+from+air+bag+deployment+noise%3F&rft.au=Chan%2C+P+C%3BStuhmiller%2C+J+H%3BBandak%2C+F+A&rft.aulast=Chan&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Crashworthiness&rft.issn=13588265&rft_id=info:doi/10.1533%2Fijcr.2005.0323 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Injuries; crashworthiness; Acoustics; Air bags; Reviews; Animal models; Noise levels; Sound pressure DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/ijcr.2005.0323 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - TPMD: a database and resources of microsatellite marker genotyped in Taiwanese populations AN - 17840602; 6174180 AB - Taiwan Polymorphic Marker Database (TPMD) (http://tpmd.nhri.org.tw/) is a marker database designed to provide experimental details and useful marker information allelotyped in Taiwanese populations accompanied by resources and technical supports. The current version deposited more than 372 000 allelotyping data from 1425 frequently used and fluorescent-labeled microsatellite markers with variation types of dinucleotide, trinucleotide and tetranucleotide. TPMD contains text and map displays with searchable and retrievable options for marker names, chromosomal location in various human genome maps and marker heterozygosity in populations of Taiwanese, Japanese and Caucasian. The integration of marker information in map display is useful for the selection of high heterozygosity and commonly used microsatellite markers to refine mapping of diseases locus followed by identification of disease gene by positional candidate cloning. In addition, our results indicated that the number of markers with heterozygosity over 0.7 in Asian populations is lower than that in Caucasian. To increase accuracy and facilitate genetic studies using microsatellite markers, we also list markers with genotyping difficulty due to ambiguity of allele calling and recommend an optimal set of microsatellite markers for genotyping in Taiwanese, and possible extension of genotyping in other Mongoloid populations. JF - Nucleic Acids Research AU - Chang, Ya-Hui AU - Su, Wen-Hui AU - Lee, Tso-Ching AU - Sun, Hsiao-Fang Sunny AU - Chen, Chia-Hsiang AU - Pan, Wen-Harn AU - Tsai, Shih-Feng AU - Jou, Yuh-Shan AD - Division of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 115, Taiwan, Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, National Defense University, Taipei 114, Taiwan, Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan, Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan 701, Taiwan, Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Human Genetics, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan Y1 - 2005/01/01/ PY - 2005 DA - 2005 Jan 01 SP - D174 EP - D177 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 33 SN - 0305-1048, 0305-1048 KW - Taiwanese KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Genomes KW - Taiwan KW - Genotyping KW - Microsatellites KW - Population studies KW - Heterozygosity KW - Integration KW - Databases KW - Genetic markers KW - Gene mapping KW - G 07434:Population studies KW - N 14010:Physical & Computer Methods & Assays KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17840602?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.atitle=TPMD%3A+a+database+and+resources+of+microsatellite+marker+genotyped+in+Taiwanese+populations&rft.au=Chang%2C+Ya-Hui%3BSu%2C+Wen-Hui%3BLee%2C+Tso-Ching%3BSun%2C+Hsiao-Fang+Sunny%3BChen%2C+Chia-Hsiang%3BPan%2C+Wen-Harn%3BTsai%2C+Shih-Feng%3BJou%2C+Yuh-Shan&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=Ya-Hui&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=&rft.spage=D174&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.issn=03051048&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Taiwan; Population studies; Microsatellites; Genetic markers; Genotyping; Databases; Heterozygosity; Genomes; Gene mapping; Integration ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic Typing of the Porin Protein of Neisseria gonorrhoeae from Clinical Noncultured Samples for Strain Characterization and Identification of Mixed Gonococcal Infections AN - 17809662; 6171021 AB - Molecular methods that characterize the Neisseria gonorrhoeae porin protein Por are needed to study gonococcal pathogenesis in the natural host and to classify strains from direct clinical samples used with nucleic acid amplification-based tests. We have defined the capabilities of por variable region (VR) typing and determined suitable conditions to apply the method to direct clinical specimens. Nested PCR from spiked urine samples detected 1 to 10 copies of template DNA; freezing spiked whole urine greatly reduced the ability to amplify porB. In a laboratory model of mixed gonococcal infections, the por type of one strain could be determined in the presence of a 100-fold excess of another. por VR typing was used to examine clinical samples from women enrolled in studies conducted in Baltimore, Md., and Madagascar. por type was determined from 100% of paired cervical swab and wick samples from 20 culture-positive women from Baltimore; results for eight individuals (40%) suggested infection with more than one strain. In frozen urine samples from Madagascar, porB was amplified and typed from 60 of 126 samples from ligase chain reaction (LCR)- positive women and 3 samples from LCR-negative women. The por VR types of 13 samples (21%) suggested the presence of more than one gonococcal strain. Five por types, identified in >45% of women with typed samples, were common to both geographic areas. Molecular typing is an important adjunct to nucleic acid amplification-based diagnostics. Methods that utilize direct clinical samples and can identify mixed infections may contribute significantly to studies of host immunity, gonococcal epidemiology, and pathogenesis. JF - Journal of Clinical Microbiology AU - Lynn, Freyja AU - Hobbs, Marcia M AU - Zenilman, Jonathan M AU - Behets, Frieda MTF AU - Van Damme, Kathleen AU - Rasamindrakotroka, Andry AU - Bash, Margaret C AD - Division of Bacterial, Parasitic, and Allergenic Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research. Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 SP - 368 EP - 375 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 43 IS - 1 SN - 0095-1137, 0095-1137 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - ligase chain reaction KW - Porins KW - Freezing KW - Identification KW - Neisseria gonorrhoeae KW - Models KW - nucleic acids KW - Typing KW - Epidemiology KW - Urine KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Cervix KW - Variable region KW - Mixed infection KW - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing KW - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17809662?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Genetic+Typing+of+the+Porin+Protein+of+Neisseria+gonorrhoeae+from+Clinical+Noncultured+Samples+for+Strain+Characterization+and+Identification+of+Mixed+Gonococcal+Infections&rft.au=Lynn%2C+Freyja%3BHobbs%2C+Marcia+M%3BZenilman%2C+Jonathan+M%3BBehets%2C+Frieda+MTF%3BVan+Damme%2C+Kathleen%3BRasamindrakotroka%2C+Andry%3BBash%2C+Margaret+C&rft.aulast=Lynn&rft.aufirst=Freyja&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=368&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.issn=00951137&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Typing; Urine; nucleic acids; Porins; Mixed infection; Models; Variable region; ligase chain reaction; Epidemiology; Identification; Cervix; Freezing; Polymerase chain reaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Both Innate Immunity and Type 1 Humoral Immunity to Streptococcus pneumoniae Are Mediated by MyD88 but Differ in Their Relative Levels of Dependence on Toll-Like Receptor 2 AN - 17766848; 6117687 AB - Little is known regarding the role of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in regulating protein-and polysaccharide-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) isotype production in response to an in vivo challenge with an extracellular bacterium. In this report we demonstrate that MyD88 super(-/-), but not TLR2 super(-/-), mice are markedly defective in their induction of multiple splenic proinflammatory cytokine-and chemokine-specific mRNAs after intraperitoneal (i.p.) challenge with heat-killed Streptococcus pneumoniae capsular type 14 (S. pneumoniae type 14). This is correlated with analogous responses in splenic cytokine protein release in vitro following addition of S. pneumoniae type 14. Consistent with these data, naive MyD88 super(-/-), but not TLR2 super(-/-), mice are more sensitive to killing following i.p. challenge with live S. pneumoniae type 14, relative to responses in wild-type mice. However, prior immunization of MyD88 super(-/-) mice with heat-killed S. pneumoniae type 14 protects against an otherwise-lethal challenge with live S. pneumoniae type 14. Surprisingly, both MyD88 super(-/-) and TLR2 super(-/-) mice exhibit striking and equivalent defects in elicitation of type 1 IgG isotypes (IgG3, IgG2b, and IgG2a), but not the type 2 IgG isotype, IgG1, specific for several protein and polysaccharide antigens, in response to i.p. challenge with heat-killed S. pneumoniae type 14. Of note, the type 1 IgG isotype titers specific for pneumococcal surface protein A are reduced in MyD88 super(-/-) mice but not TLR2 super(-/-) mice. These data suggest that distinct TLRs may differentially regulate innate versus adaptive humoral immunity to intact S. pneumoniae and are the first to implicate a role for TLR2 in shaping an in vivo type 1 IgG humoral immune response to a gram-positive extracellular bacterium. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Khan, Abdul Q AU - Chen, Quanyi AU - Wu, Zheng-Qi AU - Paton, James C AU - Snapper, Clifford M AD - Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences. Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 SP - 298 EP - 307 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 73 IS - 1 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - MyD88 protein KW - TLR2 protein KW - Spleen KW - Inflammation KW - Immunity (humoral) KW - surface protein A KW - Streptococcus pneumoniae KW - Immunoglobulin G KW - Cytokines KW - Immune response (humoral) KW - Toll-like receptors KW - F 06807:Active immunization KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17766848?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Both+Innate+Immunity+and+Type+1+Humoral+Immunity+to+Streptococcus+pneumoniae+Are+Mediated+by+MyD88+but+Differ+in+Their+Relative+Levels+of+Dependence+on+Toll-Like+Receptor+2&rft.au=Khan%2C+Abdul+Q%3BChen%2C+Quanyi%3BWu%2C+Zheng-Qi%3BPaton%2C+James+C%3BSnapper%2C+Clifford+M&rft.aulast=Khan&rft.aufirst=Abdul&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=298&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Streptococcus pneumoniae; Toll-like receptors; Immunoglobulin G; Spleen; Immunity (humoral); Inflammation; MyD88 protein; Cytokines; TLR2 protein; Immune response (humoral); surface protein A ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Plasmodium-infected Anopheles mosquitoes Collected in Virginia and Maryland Following Local Transmission of Plasmodium vivax Malaria in Loudoun County, Virginia AN - 17619096; 6256899 AB - Two recent outbreaks of locally acquired, mosquito-transmitted malaria in Virginia in 1998 and 2002 demonstrate the continued risk of endemic mosquito- transmitted malaria in heavily populated areas of the eastern United States. Increasing immigration, growth in global travel, and the presence of competent anopheline vectors throughout the eastern United States contribute to the increasing risk of malaria importation and transmission. On August 23 and 25, 2002, Plasmodium vivax malaria was diagnosed in 2 teenagers in Loudoun County, Virginia. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) deemed these cases to be locally acquired because of the lack of risk factors for malaria, such as international travel, blood transfusion, organ transplantation, or needle sharing. The patients lived similar to 0.5 mi apart; however, 1 patient reported numerous visits to friends who lived directly across the street from the other patient. Two Anopheles quadrimaculatus s.l. female pools collected in Loudoun County, Virginia, and 1 An. punctipennis female pool collected in Fairfax County, Virginia, tested positive for P. vivax 210 with the VecTest panel assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, 2 An. quadrimaculatus s.l. female pools collected in Montgomery, Maryland, tested positive for P. vivax 210. The CDC confirmed these initial results with the circumsporozoite ELISA. The authors believe that this is the 1st demonstration of Plasmodium-infected mosquitoes collected in association with locally acquired human malaria in the United States since the current national malaria surveillance system began in 1957. JF - Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association AU - Robert, Leon L AU - Santos-Ciminera, Patricia D AU - Andre, Richard G AU - Schultz, George W AU - Lawyer, Phillip G AU - Nigro, Joseph AU - Masuoka, Penny AU - Wirtz, Robert A AU - Neely, John AU - Gaines, David AU - Cannon, Charles E AU - Pettit, Denise AU - Garvey, Carol W AU - Goodfriend, David AU - Roberts, Donald R AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814 Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 187 EP - 193 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA, [mailto:webmaster@allenpress.com], [URL:http://www.allenpress.com] VL - 21 IS - 2 SN - 8756-971X, 8756-971X KW - Mosquitoes KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Entomology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Freshwater KW - Q5 01524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms KW - Z 05206:Medical & veterinary entomology KW - Q1 01484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17619096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Mosquito+Control+Association&rft.atitle=Plasmodium-infected+Anopheles+mosquitoes+Collected+in+Virginia+and+Maryland+Following+Local+Transmission+of+Plasmodium+vivax+Malaria+in+Loudoun+County%2C+Virginia&rft.au=Robert%2C+Leon+L%3BSantos-Ciminera%2C+Patricia+D%3BAndre%2C+Richard+G%3BSchultz%2C+George+W%3BLawyer%2C+Phillip+G%3BNigro%2C+Joseph%3BMasuoka%2C+Penny%3BWirtz%2C+Robert+A%3BNeely%2C+John%3BGaines%2C+David%3BCannon%2C+Charles+E%3BPettit%2C+Denise%3BGarvey%2C+Carol+W%3BGoodfriend%2C+David%3BRoberts%2C+Donald+R&rft.aulast=Robert&rft.aufirst=Leon&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Mosquito+Control+Association&rft.issn=8756971X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Functional Balance Training Using a Domed Device AN - 17583359; 6156721 AB - Balance is an important aspect of athletic and occupational performance, in the elderly, and for injury rehabilitation, where use of a novel domed device can be incorporated to any well rounded program. The use of dynamic, non- dynamic, and core stabilization exercise enhance balance. This article offers exercises to improve balance that are applicable for any exercise professional. JF - Strength and Conditioning Journal AU - Ruiz, Roberto AU - Richardson, Melanie T AD - U.S. Army War College, Army Physical Fitness Research Institute, Carlisle, Pennsylvania Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 50 EP - 55 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA, [mailto:webmaster@allenpress.com], [URL:http://www.allenpress.com] VL - 27 IS - 1 SN - 1524-1602, 1524-1602 KW - Physical Education Index KW - Athletics KW - Injuries KW - Rehabilitation KW - Training (programs) KW - Gerontology KW - Performance KW - Exercise KW - Balance KW - PE 100:Kinesiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17583359?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Strength+and+Conditioning+Journal&rft.atitle=Functional+Balance+Training+Using+a+Domed+Device&rft.au=Ruiz%2C+Roberto%3BRichardson%2C+Melanie+T&rft.aulast=Ruiz&rft.aufirst=Roberto&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=50&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Strength+and+Conditioning+Journal&rft.issn=15241602&rft_id=info:doi/10.1519%2F1533-4295%282005%290272.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - Physical Education Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Balance; Exercise; Athletics; Rehabilitation; Performance; Gerontology; Injuries; Training (programs) DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/1533-4295(2005)027<0050:FBTUAD>2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Critical runaway conditions and stability criterion of RDX manufacture in continuous stirred tank reactor AN - 17567941; 6433434 AB - The energetic material cyclo-1,3,5-trimethylene-2,4,6-trinitramine (RDX) has been widely used as explosive and propellant ingredients in the military industry. It is usually produced by hexamine nitration reaction in continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). This manufacturing process is quite dangerous and always causes fire incidents or explosion owing to its thermal instability in its nitration reaction or purification processes. In this investigation, we used its reaction kinetics parameters to evaluate the thermal hazard conditions and stable reaction criteria in the reaction systems of continuous stirred tank reactor. JF - Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries AU - Lu, Kai-Tai AU - Luo, Kuo-Ming AU - Lin, Peng-Chu AU - Hwang, Kuen-Liang AD - Department of Applied Chemistry, Chung Cheng Institute of Technology, National Defense University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 SP - 1 EP - 11 VL - 18 IS - 1 KW - cyclo-1,3,5-trimethylene-2,4,6-trinitramine KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Fires KW - Temperature KW - Propellants KW - Hazardous materials KW - Chemical reactions KW - Explosives KW - Military KW - H 7000:Fire Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17567941?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Loss+Prevention+in+the+Process+Industries&rft.atitle=Critical+runaway+conditions+and+stability+criterion+of+RDX+manufacture+in+continuous+stirred+tank+reactor&rft.au=Lu%2C+Kai-Tai%3BLuo%2C+Kuo-Ming%3BLin%2C+Peng-Chu%3BHwang%2C+Kuen-Liang&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Kai-Tai&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Loss+Prevention+in+the+Process+Industries&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jlp.2004.10.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hazardous materials; Military; Explosives; Chemical reactions; Propellants; Temperature; Fires DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2004.10.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cancer Incidence among Workers Potentially Exposed to Chlorinated Solvents in an Electronics Factory AN - 17547985; 6409533 AB - A retrospective cohort morbidity study based on standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) was conducted to investigate the possible association between exposure to chlorinated organic solvents and various types of cancers in an electronics factory. The cohort of the exposed group was retrieved from the Bureau of Labor Insurance (BLI) computer database records dating from 1978 through December 31, 1997. Person-year accumulation began on the date of entry to the cohort, or January 1, 1979 (whichever came later), and ended on the closing date of the study (December 31, 1997), if alive without contracting any type of cancers, or the date of death, or the date of the cancer diagnosis. Vital status and cases of cancer of study subjects were determined from January 1, 1979 to December 31, 1997 by linking cohort data with the National Cancer Registry Database. The cancer incidence of the general population was used for comparison. After adjustment for age and calendar year, only SIR for breast cancer in the exposed female employees were significantly elevated when compared with the Taiwanese general population, based on the entire cohort without exclusion. The SIR of female breast cancer also showed a significant trend of period effect, but no significant dose-response relationship on duration of employment. Although the total cancer as well as the cancer for trachea, bronchus and lung for the entire female cohort was not significantly elevated, trend analysis by calendar-year interval suggested an upward trend. However, when duration of employment or latency was taken into consideration, no significantly elevated SIR was found for any type of cancer in either male or female exposed workers. In particular, the risk of female breast cancer was not indicated to be increased. No significant dose-response relationship on duration of employment and secular trend was found for the above-mentioned cancers. This study provides no evidence that exposure to chlorinated organic solvents at the electronics factory was associated with elevated human cancers. Dominant short- term employees may bias the cancer risk toward false positive. JF - Journal of Occupational Health AU - Chang, Yung-Ming AU - Tai, Chi-Fu AU - Yang, Sweo-Chung AU - Lin, Ruey S AU - Sung, Fung-Chang AU - Shih, Tung-Sheng AU - Liou, Saou-Hsing AD - Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, National Defense University Y1 - 2005///0, PY - 2005 DA - 0, 2005 SP - 171 EP - 180 PB - Japan Society for Occupational Health, Public Health Bldg., 1-29-8 Shinjuku Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 190 Japan VL - 47 IS - 2 SN - 1341-9145, 1341-9145 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Chlorinated organic solvents KW - Standardized incidence ratio KW - Trichloroethylene KW - Tetrachloroethylene KW - Mortality KW - Computers KW - Solvents KW - Insurance KW - Cancer KW - Morbidity KW - Factories KW - Databases KW - Bronchus KW - Dose-response effects KW - Dating KW - Breast cancer KW - Electronic equipment KW - Trachea KW - Occupational exposure KW - X 24156:Environmental impact KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17547985?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Occupational+Health&rft.atitle=Cancer+Incidence+among+Workers+Potentially+Exposed+to+Chlorinated+Solvents+in+an+Electronics+Factory&rft.au=Chang%2C+Yung-Ming%3BTai%2C+Chi-Fu%3BYang%2C+Sweo-Chung%3BLin%2C+Ruey+S%3BSung%2C+Fung-Chang%3BShih%2C+Tung-Sheng%3BLiou%2C+Saou-Hsing&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=Yung-Ming&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Occupational+Health&rft.issn=13419145&rft_id=info:doi/10.1539%2Fjoh.47.171 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Databases; Bronchus; Computers; Dating; Solvents; Breast cancer; Electronic equipment; Trachea; Morbidity; Occupational exposure; Mortality; Factories; Dose-response effects; Insurance; Cancer DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1539/joh.47.171 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Leveraging existing databases to study vehicle crashes in a combat occupational cohort: Epidemiologic methods AN - 17545649; 6432323 AB - The US military is a large, well-defined occupational cohort offering tremendous opportunities to study risk factors for important health outcomes. This article describes our nested case-control methods to evaluate risk factors for fatal motor vehicle crashes (MVC) within all Service branches in a 1991 Gulf War era cohort. We identified 1,343 cases of fatal MVC between 1991 and 1995 that were also included in the Department of Transportation's Fatality Analysis Reporting System database and, using risk set sampling, selected 13,430 controls. Our final analytic dataset consisted of 980 male driver cases and 12,807 controls linked to multiple databases. Cases were disproportionately younger, less educated, not married, enlisted, and deployed to the Gulf War, compared to controls. The ability to leverage multiple databases to study risk factors for fatal MVC is clearly advantageous and could eventually lead to the reduction of fatalities in similar occupational cohorts. Am. J. Ind. Med. 48:118-127, 2005. Published 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - American Journal of Industrial Medicine AU - Hooper, Tomoko I AU - DeBakey, Samar F AU - Lincoln, Andrew AU - Kang, Han K AU - Cowan, David N AU - Gackstetter, Gary D AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, thooper@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 118 EP - 127 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 48 IS - 2 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Injuries KW - Motor vehicles KW - Occupational safety KW - Accidents KW - Military KW - Mortality KW - USA KW - R2 23080:Industrial and labor KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17545649?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.atitle=Leveraging+existing+databases+to+study+vehicle+crashes+in+a+combat+occupational+cohort%3A+Epidemiologic+methods&rft.au=Hooper%2C+Tomoko+I%3BDeBakey%2C+Samar+F%3BLincoln%2C+Andrew%3BKang%2C+Han+K%3BCowan%2C+David+N%3BGackstetter%2C+Gary+D&rft.aulast=Hooper&rft.aufirst=Tomoko&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=118&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fajim.20190 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; Military; Mortality; Injuries; Accidents; Motor vehicles; Occupational safety DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.20190 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ambulatory monitoring of physical activity and symptoms in fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome AN - 17491501; 6118973 AB - Fibromyalgia (FM) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) are associated with substantial physical disability. Determinants of self-reported physical disability are poorly understood. This investigation uses objective ambulatory activity monitoring to compare patients with FM and/or CFS with controls, and examines associations of ambulatory activity levels with both physical function and symptoms during activities of daily life. Patients with FM and/or CFS (n = 38, mean +/-SD age 41.5 +/-8.2 years, 74% women) completed a 5-day program of ambulatory monitoring of physical activity and symptoms (pain, fatigue, and distress) and results were compared with those in age-matched controls (n = 27, mean +/-SD age 38.0 +/-8.6 years, 44% women). Activity levels were assessed continuously, ambulatory symptoms were determined using electronically time- stamped recordings at 5 time points during each day, and physical function was measured with the 36-item Short Form health survey at the end of the 5-day monitoring period. Patients had significantly lower peak activity levels than controls (mean +/-SEM 8,654 +/-527 versus 12,913 +/-1,462 units; P = 0.003) and spent less time in high-level activities when compared with controls (P = 0.001). In contrast, patients had similar average activity levels as those of controls (mean +/-SEM 1,525 +/-63 versus 1,602 +/-89; P = 0.47). Among patients, low activity levels were associated with worse self-reported physical function over the preceding month. Activity levels were inversely related to concurrent ambulatory pain (P = 0.031) and fatigue (P < 0.001). Pain and fatigue were associated with reduced subsequent ambulatory activity levels, whereas activity levels were not predictive of subsequent symptoms. Patients with FM and/or CFS engaged in less high-intensity physical activities than that recorded for sedentary control subjects. This reduced peak activity was correlated with measures of poor physical function. The observed associations may be relevant to the design of behavioral activation programs, because activity levels appear to be contingent on, rather than predictive of, symptoms. JF - Arthritis & Rheumatism AU - Kop, Willem J AU - Lyden, Angela AU - Berlin, Ali A AU - Ambrose, Kirsten AU - Olsen, Cara AU - Gracely, Richard H AU - Williams, David A AU - Clauw, Daniel J AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, wjkop@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 296 EP - 303 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK, [mailto:customer@wiley.co.uk], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 52 IS - 1 SN - 0004-3591, 0004-3591 KW - Physical Education Index KW - Measurement KW - Handicapped KW - Programs KW - Fatigue KW - Arousal KW - Women KW - Surveys KW - Pain KW - Patients KW - Chronic fatigue syndrome KW - Self evaluation KW - Exercise (effects) KW - PE 090:Sports Medicine & Exercise Sport Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17491501?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arthritis+%26+Rheumatism&rft.atitle=Ambulatory+monitoring+of+physical+activity+and+symptoms+in+fibromyalgia+and+chronic+fatigue+syndrome&rft.au=Kop%2C+Willem+J%3BLyden%2C+Angela%3BBerlin%2C+Ali+A%3BAmbrose%2C+Kirsten%3BOlsen%2C+Cara%3BGracely%2C+Richard+H%3BWilliams%2C+David+A%3BClauw%2C+Daniel+J&rft.aulast=Kop&rft.aufirst=Willem&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=296&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Arthritis+%26+Rheumatism&rft.issn=00043591&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fart.20779 LA - English DB - Physical Education Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Patients; Self evaluation; Exercise (effects); Fatigue; Pain; Women; Handicapped; Chronic fatigue syndrome; Programs; Measurement; Arousal; Surveys DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.20779 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of trapping-web designs AN - 17465258; 6655675 AB - The trapping web is a method for estimating the density and abundance of animal populations. A Monte Carlo simulation study is performed to explore performance of the trapping web for estimating animal density under a variety of web designs and animal behaviours. The trapping performs well when animals have home ranges, even if the home ranges are large relative to trap spacing. Webs should contain at least 90 traps. Trapping should continue for 5-7 occasions. Movement rates have little impact on density estimates when animals are confined to home ranges. Estimation is poor when animals do not have home ranges and movement rates are rapid. The trapping web is useful for estimating the density of animals that are hard to detect and occur at potentially low densities. JF - Wildlife Research AU - Lukacs, P M AU - Anderson AU - Burnham, K P AD - Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, 1484 Campus Delivery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA, Paul_Lukacs@partner.nps.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 103 EP - 110 VL - 32 IS - 2 SN - 1035-3712, 1035-3712 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Monte Carlo simulation KW - Wildlife management KW - Abundance KW - Trapping KW - D 04700:Management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17465258?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wildlife+Research&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+trapping-web+designs&rft.au=Lukacs%2C+P+M%3BAnderson%3BBurnham%2C+K+P&rft.aulast=Lukacs&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wildlife+Research&rft.issn=10353712&rft_id=info:doi/10.1071%2FWR04011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Monte Carlo simulation; Wildlife management; Abundance; Trapping DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/WR04011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative genomics of Thermus thermophilus and Deinococcus radiodurans: divergent routes of adaptation to thermophily and radiation resistance AN - 17406465; 6531629 AB - Thermus thermophilus and Deinococcus radiodurans belong to a distinct bacterial clade but have remarkably different phenotypes. T. thermophilus is a thermophile, which is relatively sensitive to ionizing radiation and desiccation, whereas D. radiodurans is a mesophile, which is highly radiation- and desiccation-resistant. Here we present an in-depth comparison of the genomes of these two related but differently adapted bacteria. By reconstructing the evolution of Thermus and Deinococcus after the divergence from their common ancestor, we demonstrate a high level of post- divergence gene flux in both lineages. Various aspects of the adaptation to high temperature in Thermus can be attributed to horizontal gene transfer from archaea and thermophilic bacteria; many of the horizontally transferred genes are located on the single megaplasmid of Thermus. In addition, the Thermus lineage has lost a set of genes that are still present in Deinococcus and many other mesophilic bacteria but are not common among thermophiles. By contrast, Deinococcus seems to have acquired numerous genes related to stress response systems from various bacteria. A comparison of the distribution of orthologous genes among the four partitions of the Deinococcus genome and the two partitions of the Thermus genome reveals homology between the Thermus megaplasmid (pTT27) and Deinococcus megaplasmid (DR177). After the radiation from their common ancestor, the Thermus and Deinococcus lineages have taken divergent paths toward their distinct lifestyles. In addition to extensive gene loss, Thermus seems to have acquired numerous genes from thermophiles, which likely was the decisive contribution to its thermophilic adaptation. By contrast, Deinococcus lost few genes but seems to have acquired many bacterial genes that apparently enhanced its ability to survive different kinds of environmental stresses. Notwithstanding the accumulation of horizontally transferred genes, we also show that the single megaplasmid of Thermus and the DR177 megaplasmid of Deinococcus are homologous and probably were inherited from the common ancestor of these bacteria. JF - BMC Developmental Biology AU - Omelchenko, Marina V AU - Wolf, Yuri I AU - Gaidamakova, Elena K AU - Matrosova, Vera Y AU - Vasilenko, Alexander AU - Zhai, Min AU - Daly, Michael J AU - Koonin, Eugene V AU - Makarova, Kira S AD - Department of Pathology, F.E. Hebert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House 34-42 Cleveland Street London W1T 4LB UK, [mailto:info@biomedcentral.com], [URL:http://www.biomedcentral.com] VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 1471-213X, 1471-213X KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Article No. 57 KW - Temperature effects KW - Mesophilic bacteria KW - Adaptations KW - Archaea KW - Thermophilic bacteria KW - Deinococcus KW - Plasmids KW - Homology KW - Gene transfer KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Thermus KW - Environmental stress KW - Desiccation KW - Evolutionary genetics KW - genomics KW - Deinococcus radiodurans KW - Thermus thermophilus KW - Evolution KW - G 07770:Bacteria KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17406465?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Developmental+Biology&rft.atitle=Comparative+genomics+of+Thermus+thermophilus+and+Deinococcus+radiodurans%3A+divergent+routes+of+adaptation+to+thermophily+and+radiation+resistance&rft.au=Omelchenko%2C+Marina+V%3BWolf%2C+Yuri+I%3BGaidamakova%2C+Elena+K%3BMatrosova%2C+Vera+Y%3BVasilenko%2C+Alexander%3BZhai%2C+Min%3BDaly%2C+Michael+J%3BKoonin%2C+Eugene+V%3BMakarova%2C+Kira+S&rft.aulast=Omelchenko&rft.aufirst=Marina&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Developmental+Biology&rft.issn=1471213X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2148-5-57 L2 - http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/5/57 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Mesophilic bacteria; Adaptations; Thermophilic bacteria; Plasmids; Homology; Gene transfer; Ionizing radiation; Environmental stress; genomics; Evolutionary genetics; Desiccation; Evolution; Archaea; Thermus; Deinococcus; Thermus thermophilus; Deinococcus radiodurans DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-5-57 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) wound dressing containing ciprofloxacin and its drug release studies AN - 17356134; 6430498 AB - An improved wound dressing with a long-term drug diffusion-efficacy has been developed by UV-radiation technique. It involves incorporation of ciprofloxacin (CIP), at the concentration of 0.5-2.0% (w/v), into a water mixture of 2-hydroxymethacrylate (HEMA) monomer, benzoin isobutyl ether (BIE) initiator and different content of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) cross-linker. Increasing the concentration of EGDMA would reduce the releasing ratio of CIP from pHEMA. T sub(1/2) is increased from 2.64 to 45.67 h when the EGDMA is added from 1 to 8%. In the ranges of [Equation], the n value of 1%CIP-pHEMA membranes is increased from 0.48 to 0.81. It indicates that the mechanism of drug release falls between the Fickian and Case II diffusion model. The antibacterial activity of the drug impregnated into the membrane was evaluated by in vitro drug kinetic agar plate method. Higher concentration of EGDMA, up to 8% of the cross-linker, extends the drug release. Comparison with the drug-soaked membranes, the newly synthesized 1% CIP-pHEMA membrane (cross-linked with 4% EGDMA) sustains the release of the entrapped drug and maintains the antibacterial activity up to 12 days. JF - Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine AU - Tsou, Tai-Li AU - Tang, Shang-Tao AU - Huang, Yu-Chuan AU - Wu, Jing-Ran AU - Young, Jenn-Jong AU - Wang, Hsian-Jenn AD - National Defense Medical Center, National Defense University, P.O. Box 90048-700, Sanshia, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China, doky@ispeed.com.tw Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 SP - 95 EP - 100 PB - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 0957-4530, 0957-4530 KW - Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - W4 130:General Biomedical Engineering: Tools & Techniques KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17356134?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Materials+Science%3A+Materials+in+Medicine&rft.atitle=Poly%282-hydroxyethyl+methacrylate%29+wound+dressing+containing+ciprofloxacin+and+its+drug+release+studies&rft.au=Tsou%2C+Tai-Li%3BTang%2C+Shang-Tao%3BHuang%2C+Yu-Chuan%3BWu%2C+Jing-Ran%3BYoung%2C+Jenn-Jong%3BWang%2C+Hsian-Jenn&rft.aulast=Tsou&rft.aufirst=Tai-Li&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Materials+Science%3A+Materials+in+Medicine&rft.issn=09574530&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10856-005-5954-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10856-005-5954-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Church-Based Obesity Treatment for African-American Women Improves Adherence AN - 17353709; 6256853 AB - This study compared adherence to Behavioral Choice Treatment (BCT), a 12- week obesity treatment program that promotes weight loss and exercise, among 22 Caucasian-American and 10 African-American overweight women in a university setting to 10 African-American overweight women in a church setting. Behavioral Choice Treatment (BCT) promotes moderate behavior change that can be comfortably and therefore permanently maintained. super(14) Participants obtained feedback from computerized eating diaries and kept exercise logs. Results indicated that both university groups exhibited comparable eating pathology at pre-and post- treatment and comparable weight loss, despite the African-American sample attending fewer sessions. The African-American church group exhibited less disordered eating attitudes, less interpersonal distrust (eg, reluctance to form close relationships or sense of alienation) at pre-treatment, and experienced significantly greater weight loss than either university group. All groups lost weight and maintained these losses at 12-month follow-up. Preliminary results suggest treatment setting may play an important role in treatment adherence and sample characteristics. (Ethn Dis 2005; 15:246-255) JF - Ethnicity & Disease AU - Sbrocco, Tracy AU - Carter, Michele M AU - Lewis, Evelyn L AU - Vaughn, Nicole A AU - Kalupa, Kimberly L AU - King, Sandra AU - Suchday, Sonia AU - Osborn, Robyn L AU - Cintron, Jennifer A AD - Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology (TS, NV, KK, RO, JC, SK, SS), Department of Family Medicine (EL), Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland; Department of Psychology, American University, Washington, DC (MC) Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 246 EP - 255 PB - International Society on Hypertension in Blacks, 2045 Manchester St, NE Atlanta GA 30324 USA, [URL:http://www.ishib.org] VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 1049-510X, 1049-510X KW - Physical Education Index KW - Adherence KW - African Americans KW - Obesity Treatment KW - Weight Maintenance KW - Obesity KW - Programs KW - Weight control KW - Eating disorders KW - Alienation KW - Promotion KW - Compliance KW - Women KW - Diet (weight control) KW - Exercise KW - Attitudes KW - Behavior KW - Higher education KW - Feedback KW - Diseases KW - Church KW - PE 030:Exercise, Health & Physical Fitness UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17353709?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ethnicity+%26+Disease&rft.atitle=Church-Based+Obesity+Treatment+for+African-American+Women+Improves+Adherence&rft.au=Sbrocco%2C+Tracy%3BCarter%2C+Michele+M%3BLewis%2C+Evelyn+L%3BVaughn%2C+Nicole+A%3BKalupa%2C+Kimberly+L%3BKing%2C+Sandra%3BSuchday%2C+Sonia%3BOsborn%2C+Robyn+L%3BCintron%2C+Jennifer+A&rft.aulast=Sbrocco&rft.aufirst=Tracy&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=246&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ethnicity+%26+Disease&rft.issn=1049510X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Physical Education Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Obesity; Programs; Weight control; Eating disorders; Promotion; Alienation; Women; Compliance; Diet (weight control); Exercise; Attitudes; Behavior; Higher education; Feedback; Diseases; Church ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Annual Cycle of Southeast Asia-Maritime Continent Rainfall and the Asymmetric Monsoon Transition AN - 17335842; 6210232 AB - In general, the Bay of Bengal, Indochina Peninsula, and Philippines are in the Asian summer monsoon regime while the Maritime Continent experiences a wet monsoon during boreal winter and a dry season during boreal summer. However, the complex distribution of land, sea, and terrain results in significant local variations of the annual cycle. This work uses historical station rainfall data to classify the annual cycles of rainfall over land areas, the TRMM rainfall measurements to identify the monsoon regimes of the four seasons in all of Southeast Asia, and the QuikSCAT winds to study the causes of the variations. The annual cycle is dominated largely by interactions between the complex terrain and a simple annual reversal of the surface monsoonal winds throughout all monsoon regions from the Indian Ocean to the South China Sea and the equatorial western Pacific. The semiannual cycle is comparable in magnitude to the annual cycle over parts of the equatorial landmasses, but only a very small region reflects the twice-yearly crossing of the sun. Most of the semiannual cycle appears to be due to the influence of both the summer and the winter monsoon in the western part of the Maritime Continent where the annual cycle maximum occurs in fall. Analysis of the TRMM data reveals a structure whereby the boreal summer and winter monsoon rainfall regimes intertwine across the equator and both are strongly affected by the wind-terrain interaction. In particular, the boreal winter regime extends far northward along the eastern flanks of the major island groups and landmasses. A hypothesis is presented to explain the asymmetric seasonal march in which the maximum convection follows a gradual southeastward progression path from the Asian summer monsoon to the Asian winter monsoon but experiences a sudden transition in the reverse. The hypothesis is based on the redistribution of mass between land and ocean areas during spring and fall that results from different land-ocean thermal memories. This mass redistribution between the two transition seasons produces sea level patterns leading to asymmetric wind-terrain interactions throughout the region, and a low-level divergence asymmetry in the region that promotes the southward march of maximum convection during boreal fall but opposes the northward march during boreal spring. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Chang, C AU - Wang, Z AU - McBride, J AU - Liu, C AD - Department of Meteorology, Naval Postgraduate School, Code MR/Cp, Monterey, CA 93943, cpchang@nps.edu Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 287 EP - 301 PB - American Meteorological Society VL - 18 IS - 2 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Convection KW - Philippines KW - Hydrological Regime KW - Annual rainfall data KW - Rainfall data KW - Rainfall KW - Divergence KW - Winter monsoon KW - Sea Level KW - Indian Ocean KW - Bangladesh, Bengal Bay KW - ISEW, Philippines KW - IS, Equatorial Pacific KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Southeast Asia KW - South China Sea KW - Wind KW - Annual Distribution KW - ISW, Indian Ocean KW - Summer monsoon KW - Annual variations KW - ISW, Bangladesh, Bengal Bay KW - Indo-China KW - ISEW, South China Sea KW - Structure KW - Asian monsoons KW - Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) KW - Rainfall regime KW - ISEW, Southeast Asia KW - Dry season KW - Wind data KW - Rainfall measurements KW - Monsoons KW - Sea level changes KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - M2 551.553:Variations at Earth's Surface (551.553) KW - SW 0815:Precipitation KW - M2 551.577:General Precipitation (551.577) KW - O 2070:Meteorology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17335842?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Annual+Cycle+of+Southeast+Asia-Maritime+Continent+Rainfall+and+the+Asymmetric+Monsoon+Transition&rft.au=Chang%2C+C%3BWang%2C+Z%3BMcBride%2C+J%3BLiu%2C+C&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJCLI-3257.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Convection; Annual variations; Ocean-atmosphere system; Dry season; Wind data; Sea level changes; Monsoons; Summer monsoon; Annual rainfall data; Rainfall data; Asian monsoons; Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM); Rainfall regime; Divergence; Winter monsoon; Rainfall measurements; Sea Level; Hydrological Regime; Structure; Rainfall; Annual Distribution; Wind; Philippines; ISW, Indian Ocean; Indo-China; Indian Ocean; ISEW, South China Sea; ISEW, Philippines; Bangladesh, Bengal Bay; IS, Equatorial Pacific; Southeast Asia; ISEW, Southeast Asia; South China Sea; ISW, Bangladesh, Bengal Bay DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-3257.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Family History of Diabetes Is Related to Abnormal Insulin Sensitivity in African-Caribbean Girls of Low Birth Weight: Is Catch-Up Weight Important? AN - 17264194; 6964348 AB - This retrospective cohort study examined the relationship of birth weight, family history of diabetes (FamHx), and current weight to insulin resistance in Black girls and boys on the Caribbean island of Barbados. A cohort of 56 low birth weight (LBW) and 120 normal birth weight (NBW) adolescents born between January 1, 1986, and December 31, 1988, were recruited for study participation in 2002. FamHx was ascertained by questionnaire. Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were used to assess fat distribution. Fasting blood glucose and insulin were measured from blood samples drawn from each adolescent participant. Insulin resistance was estimated by the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) technique. These data show that only among LBW girls was a positive (+) FamHx associated with higher HOMA (FamHx 'Yes'=1.22 +/- 0.298 vs 'No'=0.811 +/- 0.452; P=.032). No significant relationships were observed among boys. Further analyses revealed that compared to their NBW counterparts, LBW girls without FamHx, had a smaller WC (69.70 +/- 9.88cm vs 76.70 +/- 15.64cm, respectively; P=.055). In contrast, LBW girls with a (+) FamHx had similar mean WC (77.71 +/- 16.46cm) to those of NBW girls with (+) FamHx (WC=71.50 +/- 10.38cm; P=.405). These data indicate that along with a family history of diabetes, catch-up weight may be important in assessing diabetes risk in Black Caribbean LBW adolescent girls. (Ethn Dis. 2005; 15:424-428) JF - Ethnicity & Disease AU - Chambers, Earle C AU - Tull, Eugene S AU - Fraser, Henry AU - Mutunhu, Nyasha R AU - Sobers, Natasha P AU - Niles, Elisa AD - From the Minority International Research Training Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (ECC, EST, NRM, EN); Chronic Disease Research Centre, School of Clinical Medicine and Research, University of the West Indies, Barbados (HF, NPS) Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 424 EP - 428 PB - International Society on Hypertension in Blacks, 2045 Manchester St, NE Atlanta GA 30324 USA, [URL:http://www.ishib.org] VL - 15 IS - 3 SN - 1049-510X, 1049-510X KW - Physical Education Index KW - Measurement KW - Boys KW - Blacks KW - Body mass KW - Adolescence KW - Blood glucose KW - Surveys KW - Techniques KW - Hormones KW - Diabetes KW - Evaluation KW - Weight KW - Waist KW - Participation KW - Analysis KW - Girls KW - Family KW - Diseases KW - PE 030:Exercise, Health & Physical Fitness UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17264194?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ethnicity+%26+Disease&rft.atitle=A+Family+History+of+Diabetes+Is+Related+to+Abnormal+Insulin+Sensitivity+in+African-Caribbean+Girls+of+Low+Birth+Weight%3A+Is+Catch-Up+Weight+Important%3F&rft.au=Chambers%2C+Earle+C%3BTull%2C+Eugene+S%3BFraser%2C+Henry%3BMutunhu%2C+Nyasha+R%3BSobers%2C+Natasha+P%3BNiles%2C+Elisa&rft.aulast=Chambers&rft.aufirst=Earle&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=424&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ethnicity+%26+Disease&rft.issn=1049510X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Physical Education Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Measurement; Blacks; Boys; Adolescence; Body mass; Techniques; Surveys; Blood glucose; Hormones; Diabetes; Evaluation; Waist; Weight; Participation; Girls; Analysis; Family; Diseases ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Population Differentiation of a Threatened Plant: Variation in Response to Local Environment and Implications for Restoration AN - 17263927; 6975654 AB - SANDERS, S. AND J. B. MCGRAW (Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505). Population differentiation of a threatened plant: variation in response to local environment and implications for restoration. J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 132: 561-572. Intraspecific genetic variation in plants is frequently associated with adaptation to local environments. Detection of ecotypic differentiation can promote an understanding of a species' distribution and be an important consideration in restoration efforts. We performed a classical reciprocal transplant study using four natural populations of Hydrastis canadensis to test for localized adaptation. Hydrastis canadensis exhibited plasticity in response to site quality variation, and at the site level there was no evidence of local genetic adaptation or differential performance of plants derived from distinct source populations. However, the four H. canadensis sources responded differentially to microsites within the transplant site. A second study examined the importance of including multiple sources when introducing new populations for restoration purposes by comparing H. canadensis performance in populations that were mixtures of three natural sources versus populations that were monocultures of each natural source. We found that populations established with plant material from single sources performed better than those established with multiple sources. Collectively, our findings indicate that restoration efforts should involve multiple sources dispersed over multiple sites as a bet-hedging strategy to increase the likelihood of suitable source- site compatibility. However, within a given restoration site, these sources should be spatially separated, such that numerous populations are introduced, each comprised of only a single source. JF - Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society AU - Sanders, Suzanne AU - McGraw, James B AD - Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, suzanne_sanders@nps.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 561 EP - 572 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA, [mailto:webmaster@allenpress.com], [URL:http://www.allenpress.com] VL - 132 IS - 4 SN - 1095-5674, 1095-5674 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Differentiation KW - Adaptations KW - Population differentiation KW - Environmental restoration KW - Genetic diversity KW - Plasticity KW - Hydrastis canadensis KW - D 04715:Reclamation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17263927?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Torrey+Botanical+Society&rft.atitle=Population+Differentiation+of+a+Threatened+Plant%3A+Variation+in+Response+to+Local+Environment+and+Implications+for+Restoration&rft.au=Sanders%2C+Suzanne%3BMcGraw%2C+James+B&rft.aulast=Sanders&rft.aufirst=Suzanne&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=132&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=561&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Torrey+Botanical+Society&rft.issn=10955674&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Differentiation; Adaptations; Population differentiation; Genetic diversity; Environmental restoration; Plasticity; Hydrastis canadensis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Mark-Release-Recapture Study Using a Novel Portable Hut Design to Define the Flight Behavior of Anopheles darlingi in Belize, Central America AN - 17229703; 6964645 AB - Knowledge of the flight behavior of local vectors is of paramount importance in mosquito control programs. The following study defined the recapture rate of wild-caught, unengorged Anopheles darlingi females at 0, 400, and 800 m from a fixed release point in Belize, Central America, using a newly designed portable experimental hut. Three sampling trials, each consisting of 2 12-h collections, were performed at all distances from July 2002 to June 2003. A total of 1,185 An. darlingi were marked and released during the course of the study. The recapture rate was greatest at 0 m (29.0%; 124/428) and declined from 11.6% (37/318) at 400 m to 5.8% (21/361) at the 800-m site. There was no difference between the average number of marked mosquitoes recaptured inside the experimental hut versus outside the hut at any distance location. Recapture rates of each trial were highest during the first night's collection at all locations. Further examination of the first night data revealed a variation in the peak time of recapture by distances from the release point. The peak in nightly recapture at both the 0- and 400-m sites occurred within the first 2 h after sunset, and the peak recapture at the 800-m site occurred during the 7th h after sunset. Information from the present study is the first to describe the flight behavior of An. darlingi in Belize and will benefit in the development of adult-density risk assessments at the house level based on distances from potential vector breeding sites. JF - Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association AU - Achee, Nicole L AU - Grieco, John P AU - Andre, Richard G AU - Rejmankova, Eliska AU - Roberts, Donald R AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814 Y1 - 2005///0, PY - 2005 DA - 0, 2005 SP - 366 EP - 379 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA, [mailto:webmaster@allenpress.com] VL - 21 IS - 4 SN - 8756-971X, 8756-971X KW - Mosquitoes KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Entomology Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Belize KW - Houses KW - Control programs KW - Flying KW - Behaviour KW - Vectors KW - Culicidae KW - Hosts KW - Public health KW - Disease transmission KW - Flight KW - Local movements KW - Breeding sites KW - Anopheles darlingi KW - Sampling KW - Aquatic insects KW - Z 05206:Medical & veterinary entomology KW - Q1 08423:Behaviour KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17229703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Mosquito+Control+Association&rft.atitle=A+Mark-Release-Recapture+Study+Using+a+Novel+Portable+Hut+Design+to+Define+the+Flight+Behavior+of+Anopheles+darlingi+in+Belize%2C+Central+America&rft.au=Achee%2C+Nicole+L%3BGrieco%2C+John+P%3BAndre%2C+Richard+G%3BRejmankova%2C+Eliska%3BRoberts%2C+Donald+R&rft.aulast=Achee&rft.aufirst=Nicole&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=366&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Mosquito+Control+Association&rft.issn=8756971X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Local movements; Breeding sites; Flying; Behaviour; Hosts; Aquatic insects; Disease transmission; Public health; Risk assessment; Flight; Houses; Control programs; Vectors; Sampling; Anopheles darlingi; Culicidae; Belize ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The topology of the Lcb1p subunit of yeast serine palmitoyltransferase. AN - 67177122; 15485854 AB - The structural organization and topology of the Lcb1p subunit of yeast and mammalian serine palmitoyltransferases (SPT) were investigated. In the yeast protein, three membrane-spanning domains were identified by insertion of glycosylation and factor Xa cleavage sites at various positions. The first domain of the yeast protein, located between residues 50 and 84, was not required for the stability, membrane association, interaction with Lcb2p, or enzymatic activity. Deletion of the comparable domain of the mammalian protein SPTLC1 also had little effect on its function, demonstrating that this region is not required for membrane localization or heterodimerization with SPTLC2. The second and third membrane-spanning domains of yeast Lcb1p, located between residues 342 and 371 and residues 425 and 457, respectively, create a luminal loop of approximately 60 residues. In contrast to the first membrane-spanning domain, the second and third membrane-spanning domains were both required for Lcb1p stability. In addition, mutations in the luminal loop destabilized the SPT heterodimer indicating that this region of the protein is important for SPT structure and function. Mutations in the extreme carboxyl-terminal region of Lcb1p also disrupted heterodimer formation. Taken together, these data suggest that in contrast to other members of the alpha-oxoamine synthases that are soluble homodimers, the Lcb1p and Lcb2p subunits of the SPT heterodimer may interact in the cytosol, as well as within the membrane and/or the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Han, Gongshe AU - Gable, Ken AU - Yan, Lianying AU - Natarajan, Mukil AU - Krishnamurthy, Jayasree AU - Gupta, Sita D AU - Borovitskaya, Anna AU - Harmon, Jeffrey M AU - Dunn, Teresa M AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20184-4799, USA. Y1 - 2004/12/17/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Dec 17 SP - 53707 EP - 53716 VL - 279 IS - 51 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Codon KW - 0 KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins KW - Green Fluorescent Proteins KW - 147336-22-9 KW - Acyltransferases KW - EC 2.3.- KW - SPTLC1 protein, human KW - EC 2.3.1.50 KW - Serine C-Palmitoyltransferase KW - Factor Xa KW - EC 3.4.21.6 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Microsomes, Liver -- metabolism KW - Glycosylation KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins -- metabolism KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Alleles KW - Genes, Reporter KW - Genetic Complementation Test KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - CHO Cells KW - Sequence Homology, Amino Acid KW - Green Fluorescent Proteins -- metabolism KW - Endoplasmic Reticulum -- metabolism KW - Cytosol -- metabolism KW - Plasmids -- metabolism KW - Dimerization KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Binding Sites KW - Gene Deletion KW - Blotting, Western KW - Cell Membrane -- metabolism KW - Protein Structure, Tertiary KW - Mutation KW - Factor Xa -- chemistry KW - Cricetinae KW - Acyltransferases -- chemistry KW - Acyltransferases -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67177122?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=The+topology+of+the+Lcb1p+subunit+of+yeast+serine+palmitoyltransferase.&rft.au=Han%2C+Gongshe%3BGable%2C+Ken%3BYan%2C+Lianying%3BNatarajan%2C+Mukil%3BKrishnamurthy%2C+Jayasree%3BGupta%2C+Sita+D%3BBorovitskaya%2C+Anna%3BHarmon%2C+Jeffrey+M%3BDunn%2C+Teresa+M&rft.aulast=Han&rft.aufirst=Gongshe&rft.date=2004-12-17&rft.volume=279&rft.issue=51&rft.spage=53707&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-02-04 N1 - Date created - 2004-12-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Caffeine as a risk factor for chronic daily headache: a population-based study. AN - 67164756; 15596744 AB - To investigate the possible association of dietary caffeine consumption and medicinal caffeine use with chronic daily headache (CDH). Population-based cases and controls were recruited from the Baltimore, MD, Philadelphia, PA, and Atlanta, GA, metropolitan areas. Controls (n = 507) reported 2 to 104 headache days/year, and cases (n = 206) reported > or =180 headache days/year. Current and past dietary caffeine consumption and medication use for headache were based on detailed self-report. High caffeine exposure was defined as being in the upper quartile of dietary consumption or using a caffeine-containing over-the-counter analgesic as the preferred headache treatment. In comparison with episodic headache controls, CDH cases were more likely overall to have been high caffeine consumers before onset of CDH (odds ratio [OR] = 1.50, p = 0.05). No association was found for current caffeine consumption (i.e., post CDH) (OR = 1.36, p = 0.12). In secondary analyses, associations were confined to younger (age <40) women (OR = 2.0, p = 0.02) and those with chronic episodic (as opposed to chronic continuous) headaches (OR = 1.69, p = 0.01), without physician consultation (OR = 1.67, p = 0.04) and of recent (<2 years) onset (OR = 1.67, p = 0.03). Dietary and medicinal caffeine consumption appears to be a modest risk factor for chronic daily headache onset, regardless of headache type. JF - Neurology AU - Scher, Ann I AU - Stewart, Walter F AU - Lipton, Richard B AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. ascher@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2004/12/14/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Dec 14 SP - 2022 EP - 2027 VL - 63 IS - 11 KW - Analgesics KW - 0 KW - Pharmaceutical Preparations KW - Caffeine KW - 3G6A5W338E KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Beverages KW - Humans KW - Retrospective Studies KW - Aged KW - Risk Factors KW - Adult KW - Health Surveys KW - Analgesics -- chemistry KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Analgesics -- therapeutic use KW - Female KW - Male KW - Headache Disorders -- drug therapy KW - Caffeine -- adverse effects KW - Headache Disorders -- etiology KW - Headache Disorders -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67164756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurology&rft.atitle=Caffeine+as+a+risk+factor+for+chronic+daily+headache%3A+a+population-based+study.&rft.au=Scher%2C+Ann+I%3BStewart%2C+Walter+F%3BLipton%2C+Richard+B&rft.aulast=Scher&rft.aufirst=Ann&rft.date=2004-12-14&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2022&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurology&rft.issn=1526-632X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-08-04 N1 - Date created - 2004-12-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Neurology. 2005 Jul 12;65(1):180; author reply 180 [16009928] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dermatomyositis-like syndrome and HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) intake. AN - 67143141; 15389654 AB - A patient developed an adult-onset dermatomyositis-like syndrome characterized by skin rash and progressive proximal muscle weakness concurrent with the intake of simvastatin. Despite discontinuation of the statin, symptoms progressed and required conventional steroid therapy for remission. The association between statins and the development of a musculocutaneous syndrome closely resembling dermatomyositis in susceptible subjects is poorly understood and has been reported rarely. The purpose of this report is to provide additional support for this pathological association. Since the population receiving statins is large and rapidly growing, caregivers are urged to be alert regarding the early recognition and proper care of the spectrum of neuromuscular complications linked to statin intake. JF - Muscle & nerve AU - Vasconcelos, Olavo M AU - Campbell, William W AD - Department of Neurology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - 803 EP - 807 VL - 30 IS - 6 SN - 0148-639X, 0148-639X KW - Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Syndrome KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - Male KW - Dermatomyositis -- chemically induced KW - Dermatomyositis -- pathology KW - Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67143141?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Muscle+%26+nerve&rft.atitle=Dermatomyositis-like+syndrome+and+HMG-CoA+reductase+inhibitor+%28statin%29+intake.&rft.au=Vasconcelos%2C+Olavo+M%3BCampbell%2C+William+W&rft.aulast=Vasconcelos&rft.aufirst=Olavo&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=803&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Muscle+%26+nerve&rft.issn=0148639X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-01-06 N1 - Date created - 2004-12-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Introduction: Democratization in the Early Twenty-First Century AN - 60723654; 200505316 AB - Hardly any other subject in the last quarter of the 20th century has influenced the research agenda of political science more than the transformation of authoritarian & totalitarian political regimes into pluralist democracies. In 1974 the third wave of democratization unfolded initially in Southern Europe & Latin America & eventually in Eastern Europe, Asia, & Africa. A glance back at three decades of the third wave indicates that political alternatives to democracy have since lost much of their appeal, however it also reveals how some of the new & even of the old democracies have very little to offer outside of elections. 12 References. M. Williamson JF - Democratization AU - Croissant, Aurel AU - Merkel, Wolfgang AD - National Security Affairs Dept, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - 1 EP - 9 VL - 11 IS - 5 SN - 1351-0347, 1351-0347 KW - Democracy KW - Political Science Theories KW - Twentieth Century KW - Political Development KW - Political Change KW - Historical Development KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60723654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Democratization&rft.atitle=Introduction%3A+Democratization+in+the+Early+Twenty-First+Century&rft.au=Croissant%2C+Aurel%3BMerkel%2C+Wolfgang&rft.aulast=Croissant&rft.aufirst=Aurel&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Democratization&rft.issn=13510347&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F13510340412331304570 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Twentieth Century; Political Change; Democracy; Political Development; Political Science Theories; Historical Development DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13510340412331304570 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Public Deliberation in an Age of Direct Citizen Participation AN - 60708366; 200508121 AB - Citizen participation in the decisions that affect their lives is an imperative of contemporary society. For the first half of the 20th century, citizens relied on public officials & administrators to make decisions about public policy & its implementation. The latter part of the 20th century saw a shift toward greater direct citizen involvement. This trend is expected to grow as democratic societies become more decentralized, interdependent, networked, linked by new information technologies, & challenged by "wicked problems." The purpose of this article is to summarize the past experiments in direct citizen participation -- the forms they take, the challenges they raise (including the need for redefined roles for public officials & citizens), & the consequences they produce. By laying out what has been done in the past, we are better positioned to identify the critical issues & challenges that remain for researchers & practitioners to address in the future. 1 Table, 180 References. [Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Inc., copyright 2004.] JF - The American Review of Public Administration AU - Roberts, Nancy AD - Graduate School International Studies, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - 315 EP - 353 VL - 34 IS - 4 SN - 0275-0740, 0275-0740 KW - Policy Making KW - Discourse KW - Democracy KW - Political Science Theories KW - Citizen Participation KW - article KW - 9263: public policy/administration; public administration/bureaucracy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60708366?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+Review+of+Public+Administration&rft.atitle=Public+Deliberation+in+an+Age+of+Direct+Citizen+Participation&rft.au=Roberts%2C+Nancy&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=Nancy&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=315&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+Review+of+Public+Administration&rft.issn=02750740&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F0275074004269288 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 180 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Citizen Participation; Discourse; Policy Making; Democracy; Political Science Theories DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0275074004269288 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deterring Terrorists from Using WMD: A Brinkmanship Strategy for the United Nations AN - 60706852; 200509916 AB - Examines terrorism as a form of rational criminal activity looking to influence an audience. In this light, the possibility of the UN using brinksmanship to deter the terrorist use of weapons of mass destruction is explored. The 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis is offered as an example of brinksmanship before outlining a strategy the UN might adopt. Testing this strategy via game theory is the next step. J. Zendejas JF - Defense & Security Analysis AU - Melese, Francois AU - Angelis, Diana AD - Defense Resources Management Instit & Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - 337 EP - 341 VL - 20 IS - 4 SN - 1475-1798, 1475-1798 KW - Crime Prevention KW - Terrorism KW - Security Policy KW - United Nations KW - Deterrence KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60706852?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Defense+%26+Security+Analysis&rft.atitle=Deterring+Terrorists+from+Using+WMD%3A+A+Brinkmanship+Strategy+for+the+United+Nations&rft.au=Melese%2C+Francois%3BAngelis%2C+Diana&rft.aulast=Melese&rft.aufirst=Francois&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=337&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Defense+%26+Security+Analysis&rft.issn=14751798&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F1475179042000305796 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Terrorism; Deterrence; Crime Prevention; United Nations; Security Policy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1475179042000305796 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exploring the Structure of Terrorists' WMD Decisions: A Game Theory Approach AN - 60676166; 200511282 AB - Examines the structure of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) decisions by terrorist organizations using simple game theory tools. It is argued that the attractiveness of WMD depends on the type of organization & the relative costs (partly dependent on the macrotechnology of conflict) & benefits of obtaining & deploying WMD. Understanding the decision to use WMD requires looking at the interaction between terrorists, their targets, & their audience. Terrorist organizations are divided into "political" or "fanatical" categories before considering why WMD might be attractive to these types. Defensive & disruptive means of counterterrorism are next discussed. A four-stage game theoretic model is then applied to terrorist WMD decisions. Findings support the hypotheses regarding the importance of organization type & the macrotechnology of conflict. Two extensions of the results are explicated, & the implications for counterterrorist policy briefly touched on. 3 Tables, 8 Figures. J. Zendejas JF - Defense & Security Analysis AU - Franck, Raymond E AU - Melese, Francois AD - Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - 355 EP - 372 VL - 20 IS - 4 SN - 1475-1798, 1475-1798 KW - counterterrorism KW - weapons of mass destruction KW - Crime Prevention KW - Weapons KW - Terrorism KW - Decision Models KW - Game Theory KW - article KW - 9121: political behavior; political behavior UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60676166?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Defense+%26+Security+Analysis&rft.atitle=Exploring+the+Structure+of+Terrorists%27+WMD+Decisions%3A+A+Game+Theory+Approach&rft.au=Franck%2C+Raymond+E%3BMelese%2C+Francois&rft.aulast=Franck&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=355&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Defense+%26+Security+Analysis&rft.issn=14751798&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F1475179042000305813 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Terrorism; Decision Models; Game Theory; Weapons; Crime Prevention DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1475179042000305813 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - From Transition to Defective Democracy: Mapping Asian Democratization AN - 60673446; 200506202 AB - This article undertakes a systematic inquiry of democratic development in Asia. It shows two main trends of democratization in south, southeast, & northeast Asia. First, in most of the democracies the institutionalization of political rights exists side by side with stagnation or decline of the rule of law & civil liberties. Second, the quality of democracy in the different countries is growing further apart. While new democracies in northeast Asia are on the track to democratic consolidation, democracy in south Asia is on the edge or has already fallen victim to authoritarian renewal. In southeast Asia, democratic consolidation is stagnating. The article also provides for a systematic analysis of why & how defective democracies originate. It argues that not a single primary cause but a set of interconnected variables influences the track of democratic development. While 'Asian values', the type of colonial rule, & ethnic heterogeneity give only weak support for democracy in Asia, socio-economic development, political institutions, stateness, & political party systems are more important determinants. In the last section the article offers a skeptical outlook on the prospects for further liberal democratic development in Asia, arguing that for most young democracies in the region remaining a defective democracy is the most likely prospect in the near future. 6 Tables. Adapted from the source document. JF - Democratization AU - Croissant, Aurel AD - National Security Affairs Dept, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA e-mail: Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - 156 EP - 178 VL - 11 IS - 5 SN - 1351-0347, 1351-0347 KW - Socioeconomic Factors KW - Political Systems KW - Ethnicity KW - Cultural Values KW - Democracy KW - Asia KW - Political Development KW - article KW - 9101: politics; comparative politics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60673446?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Democratization&rft.atitle=From+Transition+to+Defective+Democracy%3A+Mapping+Asian+Democratization&rft.au=Croissant%2C+Aurel&rft.aulast=Croissant&rft.aufirst=Aurel&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=156&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Democratization&rft.issn=13510347&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F13510340412331304633 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; Democracy; Political Development; Cultural Values; Ethnicity; Political Systems; Socioeconomic Factors DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13510340412331304633 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In-situ measurements of turbidity currents in Monterey submarine canyon AN - 51501143; 2007-010544 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Xu, J AU - Noble, M AU - Rosenfeld, L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract OS41D EP - 0510 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - East Pacific KW - currents KW - continental margin KW - Northeast Pacific KW - in situ KW - sediment transport KW - sedimentation KW - deep-sea environment KW - marine sedimentation KW - measurement KW - California KW - submarine canyons KW - marine sediments KW - submarine fans KW - North Pacific KW - marine environment KW - Pacific Ocean KW - submarine environment KW - sediments KW - turbidity currents KW - Monterey Canyon KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51501143?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=In-situ+measurements+of+turbidity+currents+in+Monterey+submarine+canyon&rft.au=Xu%2C+J%3BNoble%2C+M%3BRosenfeld%2C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; continental margin; currents; deep-sea environment; East Pacific; in situ; marine environment; marine sedimentation; marine sediments; measurement; Monterey Canyon; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Pacific Ocean; sediment transport; sedimentation; sediments; submarine canyons; submarine environment; submarine fans; turbidity currents; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Non-linear internal tides move cool sub-surface waters from the mid-shelf to the beach AN - 51228993; 2008-077243 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Noble, M AU - Jones, B AU - Xu, J AU - Rosenfeld, L AU - Hamilton, P AU - Robertsib, G AU - Largier, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract OS32B EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - currents KW - sea water KW - monitoring KW - surf zones KW - salinity KW - nearshore environment KW - ocean currents KW - tidal currents KW - temperature KW - tides KW - California KW - beaches KW - thermocline KW - Southern California KW - subtidal environment KW - hydrographs KW - mixing KW - marine environment KW - shelf environment KW - San Pedro Shelf KW - coastal environment KW - diurnal variations KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51228993?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Non-linear+internal+tides+move+cool+sub-surface+waters+from+the+mid-shelf+to+the+beach&rft.au=Noble%2C+M%3BJones%2C+B%3BXu%2C+J%3BRosenfeld%2C+L%3BHamilton%2C+P%3BRobertsib%2C+G%3BLargier%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Noble&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - beaches; California; coastal environment; currents; diurnal variations; hydrographs; marine environment; mixing; monitoring; nearshore environment; ocean currents; salinity; San Pedro Shelf; sea water; shelf environment; Southern California; subtidal environment; surf zones; temperature; thermocline; tidal currents; tides; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wave induced sediment transport over flat beds AN - 51227675; 2008-077234 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Foster, D L AU - Bowen, A AU - Stanton, T AU - Fredsoe, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract OS24A EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - models KW - marine sediments KW - sediment transport KW - shear stress KW - ocean waves KW - sediments KW - prediction KW - boundary conditions KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51227675?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Wave+induced+sediment+transport+over+flat+beds&rft.au=Foster%2C+D+L%3BBowen%2C+A%3BStanton%2C+T%3BFredsoe%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Foster&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; marine sediments; models; ocean waves; prediction; sediment transport; sediments; shear stress ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Torrey Pines rip currents AN - 51060530; 2008-079381 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - MacMahan, J H AU - Reniers, A J AU - Thornton, E B AU - Stanton, T P AU - Symonds, G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract OS13C EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - currents KW - California KW - La Jolla California KW - San Diego County California KW - rip currents KW - longshore currents KW - hydrodynamics KW - Torrey Pines California KW - nearshore environment KW - ocean currents KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51060530?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+Torrey+Pines+rip+currents&rft.au=MacMahan%2C+J+H%3BReniers%2C+A+J%3BThornton%2C+E+B%3BStanton%2C+T+P%3BSymonds%2C+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=MacMahan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; currents; hydrodynamics; La Jolla California; longshore currents; nearshore environment; ocean currents; rip currents; San Diego County California; Torrey Pines California; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Turbulent structure and sediment transport above vortex ripples in the surf zone AN - 51060450; 2008-079393 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Stanton, T P AU - Thornton, E B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract OS21B EP - 1218 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - currents KW - shoals KW - surf zones KW - sediment transport KW - Black's Beach KW - suspended materials KW - vorticity KW - turbulence KW - ocean currents KW - California KW - marine sediments KW - La Jolla California KW - San Diego County California KW - Monterey Bay KW - ocean waves KW - sediments KW - velocity KW - boundary layer KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51060450?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Turbulent+structure+and+sediment+transport+above+vortex+ripples+in+the+surf+zone&rft.au=Stanton%2C+T+P%3BThornton%2C+E+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Stanton&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Black's Beach; boundary layer; California; currents; La Jolla California; marine sediments; Monterey Bay; ocean currents; ocean waves; San Diego County California; sediment transport; sediments; shoals; surf zones; suspended materials; turbulence; United States; velocity; vorticity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evolution of rip and cusp bathymetry AN - 51059977; 2008-079384 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Orzech, M D AU - Thornton, E B AU - Stanton, T P AU - MacMahan, J H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract OS21B EP - 1209 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - shore features KW - Global Positioning System KW - rip channels KW - erosion KW - video methods KW - channels KW - beach cusps KW - nearshore environment KW - Sand City California KW - California KW - ocean waves KW - Monterey County California KW - bathymetry KW - energy KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51059977?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Evolution+of+rip+and+cusp+bathymetry&rft.au=Orzech%2C+M+D%3BThornton%2C+E+B%3BStanton%2C+T+P%3BMacMahan%2C+J+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Orzech&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bathymetry; beach cusps; California; channels; energy; erosion; Global Positioning System; Monterey County California; nearshore environment; ocean waves; rip channels; Sand City California; shore features; United States; video methods ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rip-currents and large beach cusps AN - 51059880; 2008-079383 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Thornton, E B AU - MacMahan, J H AU - Reniers, A J AU - Stanton, T P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract OS13C EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - currents KW - shore features KW - Monterey Bay Canyon KW - sediment transport KW - waves KW - bars KW - longshore currents KW - beach cusps KW - ocean currents KW - tides KW - models KW - California KW - beaches KW - rip currents KW - storms KW - geomorphology KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51059880?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Rip-currents+and+large+beach+cusps&rft.au=Thornton%2C+E+B%3BMacMahan%2C+J+H%3BReniers%2C+A+J%3BStanton%2C+T+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Thornton&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bars; beach cusps; beaches; California; currents; geomorphology; longshore currents; models; Monterey Bay Canyon; ocean currents; rip currents; sediment transport; shore features; storms; tides; United States; waves ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coarse Woody Debris in Managed Central Hardwood Forests of Indiana, USA AN - 20289669; 8894137 AB - We evaluated the volume of down deadwood (DDW) and the basal area of standing deadwood (SDW) from a chronosequence of 110 silvicultural openings and 34 mature stands (72- 105 years old) across three Ecological Landtype Phases (ELTP; wet-mesic bottomlands, mesic slopes, and dry-mesic slopes) in southern Indiana, USA. The volume of DDW decreased with increasing opening age and was lower in clearcuts than in group-selection openings. Openings on mesic slopes and bottoms contained greater volumes of DDW than openings on dry-mesic slopes. Regardless of age and ELTP, openings contained low volumes of highly decayed DDW. The volume of small-diameter DDW decreased rapidly with increasing stand age across all three ELTPs. Mature stands contained low total volumes of DDW (maximum of 22.4 Delta #+ 5.1 m3 ha-1) and low volumes of both highly decayed and large-diameter DDW. Most of the dead trees in silvicultural openings were small diameter and did not contribute significantly to DDW volume. SDW basal area was very low in mature stands (maximum of 1.4 Delta #+ 0.5 m2 ha-1), suggesting that little mortality has occurred. Our results suggest that even and uneven-aged silviculture in hardwood forests have differing impacts on the volume and distribution of coarse woody debris (CWD). In addition, the mature stands that dominate forests across much of the Central Hardwood Region of the eastern United States contain relatively little CWD compared to younger and old-growth stands. FOR. SCI. 50(6):781- 792. JF - Forest Science AU - Jenkins, Michael A AU - Webster, Christopher R AU - Parker, George R AU - Spetich, Martin A AD - Ecologist Inventory and Monitoring Program, Twin Creeks Natural Resources Center 1314 Cherokee Orchard Road, Great Smoky Mountains National Park Gatlinburg TN 37738 Phone: 865-430-4742; mike_ , Fax: 865-430-4753, jenkins@nps.gov Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - Dec 2004 SP - 781 EP - 792 PB - Society of American Foresters, 5400 Grosvenor Lane Bethesda Maryland 20814 USA, [mailto:safweb@safnet.org], [URL:http://www.safnet.org/index.shtml] VL - 50 IS - 6 SN - 0015-749X, 0015-749X KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Central Hardwood Region KW - deadwood volume KW - snags KW - even and uneven-aged silviculture KW - ecological classification KW - environmental management KW - forest KW - forest management KW - forest resources KW - forestry KW - forestry research KW - forestry science KW - natural resources KW - natural resource management KW - silviculture KW - Mortality KW - Age KW - Trees KW - hardwoods KW - Forests KW - Hardwoods KW - Clear cutting KW - USA, Indiana KW - Silviculture KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20289669?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forest+Science&rft.atitle=Coarse+Woody+Debris+in+Managed+Central+Hardwood+Forests+of+Indiana%2C+USA&rft.au=Jenkins%2C+Michael+A%3BWebster%2C+Christopher+R%3BParker%2C+George+R%3BSpetich%2C+Martin+A&rft.aulast=Jenkins&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=781&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forest+Science&rft.issn=0015749X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Silviculture; Age; Trees; Forests; Hardwoods; silviculture; hardwoods; Clear cutting; USA, Indiana ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Secondary aerosol formation in continental outflow conditions during ACE-Asia AN - 19944205; 6112166 AB - Ground-based aerosol size distribution measurements at the Gosan, Korea, sampling site during ACE-Asia showed occasionally elevated concentrations of nucleation mode aerosol particles, with subsequent growth to the Aitken mode. Similar results from aircraft and ship-based measurements at around the same time indicated that at least one event exhibited a broad spatial extent. One of the most pronounced events, with total number concentrations of particles as high as 10 super(5) cm super(-3), occurred on 12 April at the same time as a large dust event, when the total aerosol surface area of particles with diameters less than 10 mu m was increase by a factor of 1.7 compared to the average value for the study. Aircraft data showed layers of enlarged SO sub(2) concentration coinciding with an increased aerosol total number concentration, with the highest detected SO sub(2) concentration being 12 ppbv and aerosol number concentration reaching 8 x 10 super(4) cm super(-3) at 800 m altitude. Aircraft data showed that newly formed particles and dust were stratified in different layers in marine environment and transported to the surface close to the island. Atmospheric thermodynamic data suggested that particles were formed above the marine boundary layer and transported by vertical mixing toward the surface as a result of a 3 K north-to-south increase in the sea surface temperature. This temperature increase changed atmosphere stratification from stable to neutral/slightly unstable and deepened the internal mixed layer from below 300 m to above 800 m altitude. Measured hygroscopic properties of nucleation mode aerosol particles were consistent with those of ammonium sulfate particles. Here we reported a novel case study of tropospheric aerosol formation identifying particle chemical composition of nucleation mode aerosols in real time by measuring their water uptake properties. Then we demonstrated that particles formed in a layer aloft and were transported to the ground site by growth of the mixed boundary layer while nucleation was chemically induced and did not require turbulent mixing. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. D. Atmospheres AU - Buzorius, G AU - McNaughton, C S AU - Clarke, AD AU - Covert, D S AU - Blomquist, B AU - Nielsen, K AU - Brechtel, F J AD - Department of Research, Center for Interdisciplinary Remotely Piloted Aircraft Studies, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California, USA Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [mailto:service@agu.org] VL - 109 IS - D24 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Citation No. D24203 KW - nucleation KW - atmospheric turbulence KW - hygroscopicity KW - chemical composition KW - 0305 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Aerosols and particles (0345, 4801) KW - 0325 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Evolution of the atmosphere KW - 0340 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Middle atmosphere-composition and chemistry KW - 0394 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Instruments and techniques. KW - Sulfates KW - Long-range transport of particles KW - altitude KW - Aerosol nucleation KW - Aerosol formation KW - Particulates KW - Stratification KW - Atmosphere KW - Dust KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Islands KW - Aircraft KW - Airplane observation of atmospheric composition KW - Korea, Rep. KW - Asia KW - Turbulent boundary layer KW - Ammonium compounds KW - Ammonium KW - Atmospheric particulates KW - Aerosols KW - Chemical composition KW - Thermodynamics KW - Sea surface temperature-airflow relationships KW - Mixed layer KW - Temperature KW - Troposphere KW - case studies KW - water uptake KW - Dust content of air KW - Boundary layers KW - INW, Korea, Rep. KW - Aitken nuclei KW - Aerosol size distribution measurements KW - Eolian dust KW - surface area KW - M2 551.507:Carriers (551.507) KW - O 2010:Physical Oceanography KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - M2 551.556.44:Long-range: tracers (551.556.44) KW - Q2 09188:Atmospheric chemistry KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19944205?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Secondary+aerosol+formation+in+continental+outflow+conditions+during+ACE-Asia&rft.au=Buzorius%2C+G%3BMcNaughton%2C+C+S%3BClarke%2C+AD%3BCovert%2C+D+S%3BBlomquist%2C+B%3BNielsen%2C+K%3BBrechtel%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Buzorius&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=D24&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2004JD004749 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric particulates; Aerosols; Mixed layer; Boundary layers; Troposphere; Turbulent boundary layer; Eolian dust; Ammonium compounds; Dust content of air; Sea surface temperature-airflow relationships; Long-range transport of particles; Aitken nuclei; Airplane observation of atmospheric composition; Aerosol size distribution measurements; Aerosol nucleation; Aerosol formation; Sulfates; Ammonium; Chemical composition; Thermodynamics; altitude; Temperature; Stratification; Particulates; Atmosphere; Dust; case studies; water uptake; Islands; Sulfur dioxide; Aircraft; surface area; INW, Korea, Rep.; Korea, Rep.; Asia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004JD004749 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metabolism by N-Acetyltransferase 1 In Vitro and in Healthy Volunteers: A Prototype for Targeted Inhibition AN - 17836370; 6078630 AB - Inhibition of drug metabolism is generally avoided but can be useful in limited circumstances, such as reducing the formation of toxic metabolites. Acetylation is a major pathway for drug elimination that can also convert substrates into toxic species, including carcinogens. Sulfamethoxazole, a widely used antibiotic, is metabolized via arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1. p- Aminosalicylate, used for antitubercular treatment, is also metabolized by N- acetyltransferase 1 and could potentially inhibit sulfamethoxazole metabolism. Human hepatocytes from 4 donors were incubated in vitro with sulfamethoxazole and paminosalicylate at clinically achievable concentrations. p-Aminosalicylate competitively reduced the acetylation of sulfamethoxazole in vitro by 61% to 83% at 200 mu M. Four healthy volunteers were studied following doses of 500 mg sulfamethoxazole either alone or during administration of paminosalicylate (4 g ter in die). Plasma concentrations of paminosalicylate exceeded 100 mu M. With each subject as his or her own control, p-aminosalicylate reduced by 5-fold the ratio of plasma concentrations of acetylsulfamethoxazole relative to parent drug (P < .001). Metabolic drug-drug interaction studies in vitro successfully predicted inhibition of acetylation via N-acetyltransferase 1 in vivo. Although no specific toxic species was investigated in this work, the potential was demonstrated for improving the therapeutic index of drugs that have toxic metabolites. JF - Journal of Clinical Pharmacology AU - Cantilena, Louis R AU - Katki, Aspandiar G AU - Klecker, Raymond W AU - Collins, Jerry M AD - Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Medical Toxicology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, and the Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland. Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - Dec 2004 SP - 1405 EP - 1411 PB - Sage Publications, Inc., 2455 Teller Road Thousand Oaks CA 91320 USA, [mailto:info@sagepub.com], [URL:http://www.sagepub.com/] VL - 44 IS - 12 SN - 0091-2700, 0091-2700 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Arylamine N-acetyltransferase KW - Acetylation KW - N-acetyltransferase 1 KW - Sulfamethoxazole KW - Hepatocytes KW - Drug metabolism KW - Antibiotics KW - Metabolites KW - Carcinogens KW - X 24114:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17836370?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Metabolism+by+N-Acetyltransferase+1+In+Vitro+and+in+Healthy+Volunteers%3A+A+Prototype+for+Targeted+Inhibition&rft.au=Cantilena%2C+Louis+R%3BKatki%2C+Aspandiar+G%3BKlecker%2C+Raymond+W%3BCollins%2C+Jerry+M&rft.aulast=Cantilena&rft.aufirst=Louis&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1405&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Clinical+Pharmacology&rft.issn=00912700&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sulfamethoxazole; Acetylation; Metabolites; N-acetyltransferase 1; Antibiotics; Drug metabolism; Hepatocytes; Arylamine N-acetyltransferase; Carcinogens ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evolutionary and Functional Relationships of Colonization Factor Antigen I and Other Class 5 Adhesive Fimbriae of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli AN - 17717855; 6093172 AB - Colonization factor antigen I (CFA/I) is the archetype of eight genetically related fimbriae of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) designated class 5 fimbriae. Assembled by the alternate chaperone pathway, these organelles comprise a rigid stalk of polymerized major subunits and an apparently tip- localized minor adhesive subunit. We examined the evolutionary relationships of class 5-specific structural proteins and correlated these with functional properties. We sequenced the gene clusters encoding coli surface antigen 4 (CS4), CS14, CS17, CS19, and putative colonization factor antigen O71 (PCFO71) and analyzed the deduced proteins and the published homologs of CFA/I, CS1, and CS2. Multiple alignment and phylogenetic analysis of the proteins encoded by each operon define three subclasses, 5a (CFA/I, CS4, and CS14), 5b (CS1, CS17, CS19, and PCFO71), and 5c (CS2). These share distant evolutionary relatedness to fimbrial systems of three other genera. Subclass divisions generally correlate with distinguishing in vitro adherence phenotypes of strains bearing the ETEC fimbriae. Phylogenetic comparisons of the individual structural proteins demonstrated greater intrasubclass conservation among the minor subunits than the major subunits. To correlate this with functional attributes, we made antibodies against CFA/I and CS17 whole fimbriae and maltose-binding protein fusions with the amino-terminal half of the corresponding minor subunits. Anti- minor subunit Fab preparations showed hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) of ETEC expressing homologous and intrasubclass heterologous colonization factors while anti-fimbrial Fab fractions showed HAI activity limited to colonization factor- homologous ETEC. These results were corroborated with similar results from the Caco-2 cell adherence assay. Our findings suggest that the minor subunits of class 5 fimbriae may be superior to whole fimbriae in inducing antiadhesive immunity. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Anantha, Ravi P AU - Mcveigh, Annette L AU - Lee, Lanfong H AU - Agnew, Mary K AU - Cassels, Frederick J AU - Scott, Daniel A AU - Whittam, Thomas S AU - Savarino, Stephen J AD - Enteric Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center. Department of Enteric Infections, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring. Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland. Microbial Evolution Laboratory, National Food Safety and Toxicology Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - Dec 2004 SP - 7190 EP - 7201 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 72 IS - 12 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Colonization factor antigen I KW - maltose-binding protein KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Genetic relationship KW - surface antigens KW - Pili KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Escherichia coli KW - Immunity KW - Evolution KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17717855?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Evolutionary+and+Functional+Relationships+of+Colonization+Factor+Antigen+I+and+Other+Class+5+Adhesive+Fimbriae+of+Enterotoxigenic+Escherichia+coli&rft.au=Anantha%2C+Ravi+P%3BMcveigh%2C+Annette+L%3BLee%2C+Lanfong+H%3BAgnew%2C+Mary+K%3BCassels%2C+Frederick+J%3BScott%2C+Daniel+A%3BWhittam%2C+Thomas+S%3BSavarino%2C+Stephen+J&rft.aulast=Anantha&rft.aufirst=Ravi&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=7190&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genetic relationship; Pili; surface antigens; Nucleotide sequence; Immunity; Evolution; Escherichia coli ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Accumulation of Mn(II) in Deinococcus radiodurans Facilitates Gamma-Radiation Resistance AN - 18063475; 6067531 AB - Deinococcus radiodurans is extremely resistant to ionizing radiation. How this bacterium can grow under chronic gamma radiation [50 grays (Gy) per hour] or recover from acute doses greater than 10 kGy is unknown. We show that D. radiodurans accumulates very high intracellular manganese and low iron levels compared with radiation-sensitive bacteria and that resistance exhibits a concentration-dependent response to manganous chloride [Mn(II)]. Among the most radiation-resistant bacterial groups reported, Deinococcus, Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, and cyanobacteria accumulate Mn(II). In contrast, Shewanella oneidensis and Pseudomonas putida have high iron but low intracellular manganese concentrations and are very sensitive. We propose that Mn(II) accumulation facilitates recovery from radiation injury. JF - Science (Washington) AU - Daly, MJ AU - Gaidamakova, E K AU - Matrosova, VY AU - Vasilenko, A AU - Zhai, M AU - Venkateswaran, A AU - Hess, M AU - Omelchenko, M V AU - Kostandarithes, H M AU - Makarova, K S AU - Wackett, L P AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Ghosal, D AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA, mdaly@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2004/11/05/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Nov 05 SP - 1025 EP - 1028 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1200 New York Avenue, NW Washington DC 20005 USA, [mailto:membership@aaas.org], [URL:http://www.aaas.org] VL - 306 IS - 5698 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - manganous chloride KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Ionizing radiation KW - gamma Radiation KW - Deinococcus radiodurans KW - Manganese KW - J 02722:Biodegradation, growth, nutrition and leaching UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18063475?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+%28Washington%29&rft.atitle=Accumulation+of+Mn%28II%29+in+Deinococcus+radiodurans+Facilitates+Gamma-Radiation+Resistance&rft.au=Daly%2C+MJ%3BGaidamakova%2C+E+K%3BMatrosova%2C+VY%3BVasilenko%2C+A%3BZhai%2C+M%3BVenkateswaran%2C+A%3BHess%2C+M%3BOmelchenko%2C+M+V%3BKostandarithes%2C+H+M%3BMakarova%2C+K+S%3BWackett%2C+L+P%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K%3BGhosal%2C+D&rft.aulast=Daly&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=2004-11-05&rft.volume=306&rft.issue=5698&rft.spage=1025&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+%28Washington%29&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.1103185 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ionizing radiation; gamma Radiation; Manganese; Deinococcus radiodurans DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1103185 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Antiretrovirals, Part II: focus on non-protease inhibitor antiretrovirals (NRTIs, NNRTIs, and fusion inhibitors). AN - 67079953; 15546830 AB - The second in a series reviewing the HIV/AIDS antiretroviral drugs. This review summarizes the non-protease inhibitor antiretrovirals: nucleoside and nucleotide analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), the nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), and cell membrane fusion inhibitors. In an overview format for primary care physicians and psychiatrists, this review presents the mechanism of action, side effects, toxicities, and drug interactions of these agents. JF - Psychosomatics AU - Zapor, Michael J AU - Cozza, Kelly L AU - Wynn, Gary H AU - Wortmann, Glenn W AU - Armstrong, Scott C AD - Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, F. Edward Herbert School of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA. PY - 2004 SP - 524 EP - 535 VL - 45 IS - 6 SN - 0033-3182, 0033-3182 KW - Anti-Retroviral Agents KW - 0 KW - Benzoxazines KW - Dideoxynucleosides KW - HIV Fusion Inhibitors KW - Organophosphonates KW - Oxazines KW - Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors KW - Deoxycytidine KW - 0W860991D6 KW - Lamivudine KW - 2T8Q726O95 KW - Zidovudine KW - 4B9XT59T7S KW - Zalcitabine KW - 6L3XT8CB3I KW - Nevirapine KW - 99DK7FVK1H KW - Tenofovir KW - 99YXE507IL KW - Stavudine KW - BO9LE4QFZF KW - Delavirdine KW - DOL5F9JD3E KW - Emtricitabine KW - G70B4ETF4S KW - Adenine KW - JAC85A2161 KW - efavirenz KW - JE6H2O27P8 KW - Didanosine KW - K3GDH6OH08 KW - abacavir KW - WR2TIP26VS KW - Index Medicus KW - Zidovudine -- therapeutic use KW - Organophosphonates -- therapeutic use KW - Nevirapine -- therapeutic use KW - Humans KW - Lamivudine -- therapeutic use KW - Delavirdine -- therapeutic use KW - Dideoxynucleosides -- therapeutic use KW - Didanosine -- therapeutic use KW - Stavudine -- therapeutic use KW - Cell Membrane Permeability -- drug effects KW - Oxazines -- therapeutic use KW - Zalcitabine -- therapeutic use KW - Adenine -- therapeutic use KW - Drug Interactions KW - Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Deoxycytidine -- analogs & derivatives KW - HIV Fusion Inhibitors -- therapeutic use KW - Deoxycytidine -- therapeutic use KW - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- drug therapy KW - Anti-Retroviral Agents -- pharmacology KW - Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors -- therapeutic use KW - Adenine -- analogs & derivatives KW - HIV Seropositivity -- drug therapy KW - Anti-Retroviral Agents -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67079953?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychosomatics&rft.atitle=Antiretrovirals%2C+Part+II%3A+focus+on+non-protease+inhibitor+antiretrovirals+%28NRTIs%2C+NNRTIs%2C+and+fusion+inhibitors%29.&rft.au=Zapor%2C+Michael+J%3BCozza%2C+Kelly+L%3BWynn%2C+Gary+H%3BWortmann%2C+Glenn+W%3BArmstrong%2C+Scott+C&rft.aulast=Zapor&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=524&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Psychosomatics&rft.issn=00333182&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-01-04 N1 - Date created - 2004-11-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A systems-based food safety evaluation: an experimental approach. AN - 67075926; 15552700 AB - Food establishments are complex systems with inputs, subsystems, underlying forces that affect the system, outputs, and feedback. Building on past exploration of the hazard analysis critical control point concept and Ludwig von Bertalanffy General Systems Theory, the National Park Service (NPS) is attempting to translate these ideas into a realistic field assessment of food service establishments and to use information gathered by these methods in efforts to improve food safety. Over the course of the last two years, an experimental systems-based methodology has been drafted, developed, and tested by the NPS Public Health Program. This methodology is described in this paper. JF - Journal of environmental health AU - Higgins, Charles L AU - Hartfield, Barry S AD - Public Health Program, National Park Service, Washington, DC 20005, USA. Charles_Higgins@nps.gov Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 9 EP - 14, 28 VL - 67 IS - 4 SN - 0022-0892, 0022-0892 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Recreation KW - Humans KW - Food Handling KW - Federal Government KW - Organizational Case Studies KW - Food Contamination -- prevention & control KW - Food Services -- standards KW - Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67075926?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+health&rft.atitle=A+systems-based+food+safety+evaluation%3A+an+experimental+approach.&rft.au=Higgins%2C+Charles+L%3BHartfield%2C+Barry+S&rft.aulast=Higgins&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+health&rft.issn=00220892&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-02-07 N1 - Date created - 2004-11-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: J Environ Health. 2005 Mar;67(7):64 [15794466] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hsc70 and Hsp70 interact with phosphatidylserine on the surface of PC12 cells resulting in a decrease of viability. AN - 67037945; 15522909 AB - Heat shock proteins (hsps) are involved in multiple cellular processes during normal and stress conditions, particularly in the folding of polypeptides. A newly recognized property of the members of the Hsp70 family is their ability to interact with lipids, opening ion conductance pathways in artificial membranes, and integrating into natural membranes. The formation of Hsp70 channels in biological membranes and their function is still elusive. In this study, we showed that Hsp70 and Hsc70 display a highly selective interaction with phosphatidylserine moieties on membranes, followed by rapid incorporation into the lipid bilayer. Addition of Hsp70 or Hsc70 into the extracellular medium resulted in a viability decrease of cells beading PS on the exterior surface, such as PC12 cells. This toxic effect is modulated by the presence of ATP or ADP and can be blocked by screening PS moieties with annexin 5. These observations suggest that the presence of Hsp70 in the extracellular medium may be an accelerator of apoptosis since the presence of PS on the surface is an early indicator of this process. These findings may also explain the toxicity observed in cells overexpressing Hsp70s and provide a rational for the tight regulation of Hsp70 expression. JF - FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology AU - Arispe, Nelson AU - Doh, Michael AU - Simakova, Olga AU - Kurganov, Boris AU - De Maio, Antonio AD - Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. narispe@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1636 EP - 1645 VL - 18 IS - 14 KW - Annexin A5 KW - 0 KW - HSC70 Heat-Shock Proteins KW - HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins KW - HSPA8 protein, human KW - Hspa8 protein, rat KW - Phosphatidylserines KW - Adenosine Diphosphate KW - 61D2G4IYVH KW - Adenosine Triphosphate KW - 8L70Q75FXE KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Apoptosis KW - HeLa Cells KW - Humans KW - Adenosine Diphosphate -- pharmacology KW - Cell Membrane -- metabolism KW - Annexin A5 -- pharmacology KW - PC12 Cells KW - Cell Survival KW - Adenosine Triphosphate -- pharmacology KW - HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins -- metabolism KW - Phosphatidylserines -- analysis KW - HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins -- toxicity KW - Phosphatidylserines -- metabolism KW - HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins -- antagonists & inhibitors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67037945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FASEB+journal+%3A+official+publication+of+the+Federation+of+American+Societies+for+Experimental+Biology&rft.atitle=Hsc70+and+Hsp70+interact+with+phosphatidylserine+on+the+surface+of+PC12+cells+resulting+in+a+decrease+of+viability.&rft.au=Arispe%2C+Nelson%3BDoh%2C+Michael%3BSimakova%2C+Olga%3BKurganov%2C+Boris%3BDe+Maio%2C+Antonio&rft.aulast=Arispe&rft.aufirst=Nelson&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=1636&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=FASEB+journal+%3A+official+publication+of+the+Federation+of+American+Societies+for+Experimental+Biology&rft.issn=1530-6860&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-05-17 N1 - Date created - 2004-11-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of 5-hydroxytryptamine3 receptors in the vagal afferent activation-induced inhibition of the first cervical dorsal horn spinal neurons projected from tooth pulp in the rat. AN - 66976718; 15215286 AB - To test the hypothesis that vagal afferent (VA) stimulation modulates the first cervical dorsal horn (C(1)) neuron activity, which is projected by tooth pulp (TP) afferent inputs through the activation of a local GABAergic mechanism via 5-hydroxytryptamine(3) (5-HT(3)) receptors, we used the technique of microiontophoretic application of drugs. In pentobarbital-anesthetized rats, we recorded C(1) spinal neuron activity responding to TP stimulation. The TP stimulation-evoked C(1) spinal neuron excitation was inhibited by VA stimulation, and this inhibition was significantly attenuated by iontophoretic application of the 5-HT(3) receptor antagonist ICS 205-930 (3-tropanyl-indole-3-carboxylate hydrochloride [endo-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo [3.2.1] oct-3-ol indol-3-yl-carboxylate hydrochloride]) (40 nA) or the GABA(A) receptor antagonist bicuculline (40 nA). In another series of experiments, we determined that 60 nA iontophoretic application of glutamate produced a maximal increase in the C(1) spinal neuron activity at a minimal current. In 53 of 65 neurons (81.5%), VA conditioning stimulation (1.0 mA x 0.1 ms, 50 Hz for 30 s) caused a significant inhibition (35.1%) of the glutamate (60 nA) application-evoked C(1) spinal neuron excitation. Iontophoretic application of ICS 205-930 (40 nA) or bicuculline (40 nA) significantly attenuated the VA stimulation-induced inhibition of glutamate iontophoretic application (60 nA)-evoked C(1) spinal neuron excitation. These results suggest that VA stimulation-induced suppression of C(1) spinal neuron activity, responding to TP stimulation, involve 5-HT(3) receptor activation, possibly originating in the descending serotonergic inhibitory system, and postsynaptic modulation of inhibitory GABAergic neurons. JF - The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics AU - Tanimoto, Takeshi AU - Takeda, Mamoru AU - Nishikawa, Toshimi AU - Matsumoto, Shigeji AD - Department of Physiology, Nippon Dental University, School of Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan. ttt1224@tokyo.ndu.ac.jp Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 803 EP - 810 VL - 311 IS - 2 SN - 0022-3565, 0022-3565 KW - Indoles KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3 KW - Serotonin 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists KW - Serotonin Antagonists KW - Glutamic Acid KW - 3KX376GY7L KW - tropisetron KW - 6I819NIK1W KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Serotonin Antagonists -- pharmacology KW - Afferent Pathways -- drug effects KW - Afferent Pathways -- physiology KW - Indoles -- pharmacology KW - Electric Stimulation KW - Glutamic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Posterior Horn Cells KW - Dental Pulp -- cytology KW - Aortic Bodies -- physiology KW - Spine -- cytology KW - Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3 -- physiology KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Neurons -- physiology KW - Aortic Bodies -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66976718?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.atitle=The+role+of+5-hydroxytryptamine3+receptors+in+the+vagal+afferent+activation-induced+inhibition+of+the+first+cervical+dorsal+horn+spinal+neurons+projected+from+tooth+pulp+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Tanimoto%2C+Takeshi%3BTakeda%2C+Mamoru%3BNishikawa%2C+Toshimi%3BMatsumoto%2C+Shigeji&rft.aulast=Tanimoto&rft.aufirst=Takeshi&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=311&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=803&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.issn=00223565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-01-25 N1 - Date created - 2004-10-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Failed Economic Take-Offs and Terrorism in Pakistan: Conceptualizing a Proper Role for U.S. Assistance AN - 60694108; 200509890 AB - What are the causes of terrorism? Of the various theories put forth, the analysis below suggests that failed economic take-offs, in addition to the usual factors suggested, are an important element. This finding has a number of implications for Pakistan's economic reform programs. In addition, foreign aid programs to the country will have to be modified if their effectiveness in reducing the attractiveness of terrorism is to be increased. 2 Figures. Adapted from the source document. JF - Asian Survey AU - Looney, Robert AD - Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA relooney@nps.navy.mil Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 771 EP - 793 VL - 44 IS - 6 SN - 0004-4687, 0004-4687 KW - Causality KW - Foreign Aid KW - Pakistan KW - Terrorism KW - Economic Conditions KW - United States of America KW - Reform KW - article KW - 9141: political economy; political economy KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60694108?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asian+Survey&rft.atitle=Failed+Economic+Take-Offs+and+Terrorism+in+Pakistan%3A+Conceptualizing+a+Proper+Role+for+U.S.+Assistance&rft.au=Looney%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Looney&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=771&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Asian+Survey&rft.issn=00044687&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Terrorism; Pakistan; United States of America; Foreign Aid; Economic Conditions; Reform; Causality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Job stress management and ergonomic intervention for work-related upper extremity symptoms AN - 18036059; 6022087 AB - In practice the secondary prevention of work-related upper extremity (WRUE) symptoms generally targets biomechanical risk factors. Psychosocial risk factors have also been shown to play an important role in the development of WRUE symptom severity and future disability. The addition of a stress management component to biomechanically focused interventions may result in greater improvements in WRUE symptoms and functional limitations than intervening in the biomechanical risk factors alone. Seventy office workers with WRUE symptoms were randomly assigned to an ergonomics intervention group (assessment and modification of work station and stretching exercises) or a combined ergonomic and job stress intervention group (ergonomic intervention plus two 1-h workshops on the identification and management of workplace stress). Baseline, 3- and 12- month follow-up measures of observed ergonomic risks and self-reported ergonomic risks, job stress, pain, symptoms, functional limitation, and general physical and mental health were obtained from all participants. While both groups experienced significant decreases in pain, symptoms, and functional limitation from baseline to three months with improvements continuing to 12 months post baseline, no significant differences between groups were observed for any outcome measures. Findings indicate that the additional two-session job stress management component did not significantly enhance the short- or long-term improvements brought about by the ergonomic intervention alone. JF - Applied Ergonomics AU - Feuerstein, M AU - Nicholas, R A AU - Huang, G D AU - Dimberg, L AU - Ali, D AU - Rogers, H AD - Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA, mfeuerstein@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - Nov 2004 SP - 565 EP - 574 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0003-6870, 0003-6870 KW - upper extremities KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Pain KW - Ergonomics KW - Stress KW - Working conditions KW - Prevention KW - Musculoskeletal system KW - Biomechanics KW - Occupational health KW - R2 23080:Industrial and labor KW - H 10000:Ergonomics/Human Factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18036059?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Ergonomics&rft.atitle=Job+stress+management+and+ergonomic+intervention+for+work-related+upper+extremity+symptoms&rft.au=Feuerstein%2C+M%3BNicholas%2C+R+A%3BHuang%2C+G+D%3BDimberg%2C+L%3BAli%2C+D%3BRogers%2C+H&rft.aulast=Feuerstein&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=565&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Ergonomics&rft.issn=00036870&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apergo.2004.05.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ergonomics; Occupational health; Prevention; Musculoskeletal system; Working conditions; Biomechanics; Pain; Stress DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2004.05.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of a Staphylococcal AgrB Segment(s) Responsible for Group- Specific Processing of AgrD by Gene Swapping AN - 18064788; 6041679 AB - The four gene products of the accessory gene regulator (agr) P2 operon of Staphylococcus aureus assemble a quorum-sensing system: AgrA and AgrC resemble a two-component signal transduction system, and AgrB and AgrD are required to produce an autoinducing peptide. Upon activation, this quorum-sensing system positively regulates the transcription of the P2 operon as well as the P3 operon, whose transcript, RNAIII, regulates the expression of virulence genes. Four groups of S. aureus have been identified based on the agr sequences and the group-specific interaction between the autoinducing peptide and AgrC. AgrB is a transmembrane protein involved in the processing of AgrD propeptide, and its interaction with AgrD is also group specific. In this study, a series of chimeric AgrBs were constructed by swapping between group I and group II AgrBs, and these mutants were used to analyze the group-specific segment(s) in AgrB that was responsible for AgrD processing. Our results revealed that the first transmembrane alpha -helix and the extracellular loop 1 of group I AgrB were decisive in the specific processing of group I AgrD. In contrast, two hydrophilic segments of group II AgrB played a crucial role in the group- specific processing of group II AgrD. We also found that several chimeric AgrBs were capable of processing AgrD from both groups, suggesting that all AgrB homologues may utilize the same or a similar mechanism in the processing of AgrDs. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Zhang, Linsheng AU - Ji, Guangyong AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland Y1 - 2004/10/15/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Oct 15 SP - 6706 EP - 6713 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 186 IS - 20 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - AgrD protein KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts KW - quorum sensing KW - Membrane proteins KW - AgrB protein KW - Mutants KW - Gene expression KW - Virulence KW - Operons KW - Staphylococcus aureus KW - Signal transduction KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18064788?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=Identification+of+a+Staphylococcal+AgrB+Segment%28s%29+Responsible+for+Group-+Specific+Processing+of+AgrD+by+Gene+Swapping&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Linsheng%3BJi%2C+Guangyong&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Linsheng&rft.date=2004-10-15&rft.volume=186&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=6706&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Staphylococcus aureus; Operons; quorum sensing; Signal transduction; AgrB protein; Membrane proteins; Mutants; Virulence; Gene expression ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phosphorylation-Independent Effects of CagA during Interaction between Helicobacter pylori and T84 Polarized Monolayers AN - 17728807; 6068257 AB - To extend our knowledge of host-cell targets of Helicobacter pylori, we characterized the interaction between H. pylori and human T84 epithelial cell polarized monolayers. Transcriptional analysis by use of human microarrays and a panel of isogenic H. pylori mutants revealed distinct responses to infection. Of the 670 genes whose expression changed, most (92%) required the cag pathogenicity island (PAI). Although altered expression of many genes was dependent on CagA (80% of the PAI-dependent genes), expression of >30% of these host genes occurred independent of the phosphorylation state of the CagA protein. Similarly, we found that injected CagA localized to the apical surface of cells and showed preferential accumulation at the apical junctions in a phosphorylation-independent manner. These data suggest the presence of distinct functional domains within the CagA protein that play essential roles in protein targeting and alteration of host-cell signaling pathways. JF - Journal of Infectious Diseases AU - El-Etr, SH AU - Mueller, A AU - Tompkins, L S AU - Falkow, S AU - Merrell, D S AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Y1 - 2004/10/15/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Oct 15 SP - 1516 EP - 1523 VL - 190 IS - 8 SN - 0022-1899, 0022-1899 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - pathogenicity islands KW - Epithelial cells KW - Helicobacter pylori KW - Phosphorylation KW - Transcription KW - Infection KW - CagA protein KW - Signal transduction KW - J 02846:Gastrointestinal tract UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17728807?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Infectious+Diseases&rft.atitle=Phosphorylation-Independent+Effects+of+CagA+during+Interaction+between+Helicobacter+pylori+and+T84+Polarized+Monolayers&rft.au=El-Etr%2C+SH%3BMueller%2C+A%3BTompkins%2C+L+S%3BFalkow%2C+S%3BMerrell%2C+D+S&rft.aulast=El-Etr&rft.aufirst=SH&rft.date=2004-10-15&rft.volume=190&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1516&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Infectious+Diseases&rft.issn=00221899&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Helicobacter pylori; CagA protein; Signal transduction; Infection; Epithelial cells; Transcription; Phosphorylation; pathogenicity islands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor celecoxib is a potent inhibitor of human carbonic anhydrase II. AN - 67312128; 16134002 AB - Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is up-regulated in stromal and inflammatory cells. The inducible COX-2 isoform is expressed during inflammation, in some cancers, and in brain tissue after global and focal ischemia. Tissue acidosis is a dominant factor in inflammation, and contributes to pain and hyperalgesia. Recently, compelling epidemiological and clinical evidence has documented the COX-independent effects of some COX-2 inhibitors (i.e., celecoxib, valdecoxib, and rofecoxib); among these effects are carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibition. Carbonic anhydrases are zinc metalloenzymes expressed in various cell types, including those of the kidney, where they act as general acid-base catalysts. The kidneys are also known to express the highest concentration of COX-2 messenger ribonucleic acid. Celecoxib, like the prototypic CA inhibitor acetazolamide, is structurally characterized by an unsubstituted sulfonamide moiety. In the present study, we report that celecoxib exhibits the characteristics of a potent CA inhibitor, showing inhibitory human carbonic anhydrase II (hCAII) activity in the nanomolar range. Valdecoxib was relatively less potent. Rofecoxib, which lacks the unsubstituted sulfonamide moiety characteristic of CA inhibitors, showed no significant hCAII inhibitory activity. The current study corroborates our earlier report of structure-activity relationships as predictors of such metabolic events as hyperchloremia, acidosis, and changes in calcium and phosphate disposition; and clinical manifestations associated with CA inhibition reported with celecoxib. These data showing inhibition of hCAII by the unsubstituted sulfonamides celecoxib and valdecoxib, but not by rofecoxib, may have important implications for the elucidation of the mechanisms of action as well as the side effects associated with COX-2 inhibitors. JF - Inflammation AU - Knudsen, James F AU - Carlsson, Uno AU - Hammarström, Per AU - Sokol, Gerald H AU - Cantilena, Louis R AD - Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Medical Toxicology, Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. jamesknudsen2@msn.com Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - October 2004 SP - 285 EP - 290 VL - 28 IS - 5 SN - 0360-3997, 0360-3997 KW - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal KW - 0 KW - Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors KW - Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors KW - Isoxazoles KW - Pyrazoles KW - Sulfonamides KW - valdecoxib KW - 2919279Q3W KW - Carbonic Anhydrase II KW - EC 4.2.1.- KW - Celecoxib KW - JCX84Q7J1L KW - Acetazolamide KW - O3FX965V0I KW - Index Medicus KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Acetazolamide -- pharmacology KW - Inhibitory Concentration 50 KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal -- pharmacology KW - Pyrazoles -- pharmacology KW - Sulfonamides -- chemistry KW - Pyrazoles -- chemistry KW - Sulfonamides -- pharmacology KW - Carbonic Anhydrase II -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Isoxazoles -- pharmacology KW - Isoxazoles -- chemistry KW - Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67312128?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Inflammation&rft.atitle=The+cyclooxygenase-2+inhibitor+celecoxib+is+a+potent+inhibitor+of+human+carbonic+anhydrase+II.&rft.au=Knudsen%2C+James+F%3BCarlsson%2C+Uno%3BHammarstr%C3%B6m%2C+Per%3BSokol%2C+Gerald+H%3BCantilena%2C+Louis+R&rft.aulast=Knudsen&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Inflammation&rft.issn=03603997&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-10-27 N1 - Date created - 2005-08-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Turkish Nationalist Educational Thinking in the Last Ottoman Decade: Run-Up to Republican Pedagogy AN - 61628413; 200709618 AB - Argues that the Republican pedagogy first emerged in 1908, far before Mustafa Kemal declared Turkey a republic. Examined is how the late Ottomans collectively established the parameters & key issues for Turkish pedagogy, 1920-1950. In this light, educational discourse, 1908-1913, is considered, & 1913-1920 debates in the educational press are detailed. While the notions emerging in the 1908-1922 period were pioneering, they provided the post-1923 Turkish pedagogical community much of its substance &, as such, are more like the forerunner to Republican era pedagogy. D. Edelman JF - New Perspectives on Turkey AU - Salmoni, Barak A AD - US Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - October 2004 SP - 39 EP - 70 PB - Homer, Istanbul Turkey IS - 31 KW - Political Socialization KW - Turkey KW - Nationalism KW - article KW - 0995: political sociology/interactions; nationalism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61628413?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Perspectives+on+Turkey&rft.atitle=Turkish+Nationalist+Educational+Thinking+in+the+Last+Ottoman+Decade%3A+Run-Up+to+Republican+Pedagogy&rft.au=Salmoni%2C+Barak+A&rft.aulast=Salmoni&rft.aufirst=Barak&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=31&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=New+Perspectives+on+Turkey&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-05-03 N1 - Number of references - 96 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - NPRUFQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Turkey; Nationalism; Political Socialization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DARPA's Policy Analysis Market for Intelligence: Outside the Box or Off the Wall? AN - 60732458; 200501544 AB - Discusses the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency's (DARPA's) Policy Analyst Market (PAM) for counterterrorism. PAM's mission is described, along with the underlying efficient market theory. Seven arguments against PAM are articulated: eg, PAM creates the incentive for someone to buy futures in a violent act & then carry it out; markets may be inefficient in the short run; & rumors might be used to manipulate the market. How the PAM might operate is demonstrated with a case example of the projected effectiveness of US aid to Pakistan's counterterrorism efforts. Although a public relations fiasco, the PAM is seen to have some potential limited utility to intelligence analysis. 3 Figures. J. Zendejas JF - International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence AU - Looney, Robert E AD - Dept National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - October 2004 SP - 405 EP - 419 VL - 17 IS - 3 SN - 0885-0607, 0885-0607 KW - counterterrorism KW - Economic Theories KW - Terrorism KW - Markets KW - Innovations KW - article KW - 9085: government/political systems; national governments/political systems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60732458?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Intelligence+and+Counterintelligence&rft.atitle=DARPA%27s+Policy+Analysis+Market+for+Intelligence%3A+Outside+the+Box+or+Off+the+Wall%3F&rft.au=Looney%2C+Robert+E&rft.aulast=Looney&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=405&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Intelligence+and+Counterintelligence&rft.issn=08850607&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F08850600490446745 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Markets; Terrorism; Economic Theories; Innovations DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08850600490446745 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nuclear Strategy and the Modern Middle East AN - 60696816; 200501048 AB - Draws on the theoretical literature on the role of nuclear weapons in deterrent & coercive political strategies to examine implications of the Jan 2002 Nuclear Posture Review (NPR) for US security strategy in the Middle East. An overview of the historical role nuclear weapons have traditionally played in US security strategy in the Middle East is followed by a look at difficulties created by the increasing reliance on language of coercive diplomacy & preemption in US nuclear policy toward the Persian Gulf & the wider Middle East. Consideration is given to cultural differences between US strategic thinking & perceptions of security held by Middle Eastern leaders, including Israelis, to argue that the US move away from traditional ideas of retaliatory nuclear deterrence is less likely to stabilize the region. It is concluded that the greatest value of US forces, including nuclear weapons, lies with "supporting the broadly defined political objectives of deterrence & assurance" rather than coercion & dissuasion. The need for policymakers to address communication issues, images, & perceptions is discussed. J. Lindroth JF - Middle East Policy AU - Russell, James A AD - Dept National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - October 2004 SP - 98 EP - 117 VL - 11 IS - 3 SN - 1061-1924, 1061-1924 KW - Security KW - Political History KW - United States of America KW - Deterrence KW - Foreign Policy KW - Rhetoric KW - Middle East KW - Nuclear Weapons KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60696816?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Middle+East+Policy&rft.atitle=Nuclear+Strategy+and+the+Modern+Middle+East&rft.au=Russell%2C+James+A&rft.aulast=Russell&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=98&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Middle+East+Policy&rft.issn=10611924&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Middle East; United States of America; Nuclear Weapons; Deterrence; Security; Rhetoric; Political History; Foreign Policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Comparative Study of Lebanese and Palestinian Perceptions of Suicide Bombings: The Role of Militant Islam and Socio-Economic Status AN - 60511390; 200520021 AB - In the present study I compare public views regarding suicide bombings using data from two surveys of Palestinian refugees living in southern Lebanon (N = 342) & Lebanese Muslims (N = 553) administered during the summers of 2002 & 2003 respectively. The data reveal that approval of suicide operations is more pronounced among Lebanese than Palestinians. These findings hold even after controlling for individual socio-economic & demographic characteristics. For both populations, support for suicide attacks is more evident among women than men. Among Lebanese, support for suicide attacks is also a function of low income & among Palestinians, a function of residence in camps. For both samples, the most important determinant of support for suicide attacks is attachment to political Islam. The greater the commitment to political Islam the more likely respondents are to endorse suicide activities. It should be noted however, that the impact of political Islam is more evident among Palestinians than Lebanese. 4 Tables, 60 References. [Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications, Ltd., copyright 2004.] JF - International Journal of Comparative Sociology AU - Haddad, Simon AD - Notre Dame U, Jounieh, Lebanon shaddad@ndu.edu.lb Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - October 2004 SP - 337 EP - 363 VL - 45 IS - 5 SN - 0020-7152, 0020-7152 KW - jihad, Lebanon, Palestinians, suicide bombings, terrorism KW - Political Violence KW - Religious Fundamentalism KW - Perceptions KW - Islam KW - Lebanon KW - Suicide KW - Palestine KW - Bombs KW - Public Support KW - article KW - 2884: studies in violence; terrorism KW - 1535: sociology of religion; sociology of religion UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60511390?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Comparative+Sociology&rft.atitle=A+Comparative+Study+of+Lebanese+and+Palestinian+Perceptions+of+Suicide+Bombings%3A+The+Role+of+Militant+Islam+and+Socio-Economic+Status&rft.au=Haddad%2C+Simon&rft.aulast=Haddad&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=337&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Comparative+Sociology&rft.issn=00207152&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F0020715204054155 LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 60 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - IJCSBE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Suicide; Bombs; Perceptions; Lebanon; Palestine; Religious Fundamentalism; Political Violence; Islam; Public Support DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020715204054155 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Landscape context influences salt marsh bird diversity and area requirements in New England AN - 18055130; 5978389 AB - We evaluated the contributions of spatial distribution, juxtaposition, and quality of salt marsh habitat to salt marsh breeding birds along the New England coast, USA. We divided the region into two landscapes, Long Island Sound and the Gulf of Maine, based on latitude, geologic and human land use histories, and physical characteristics (tidal amplitude, wave energy). Species richness in both landscapes was at least 20% greater on larger salt marshes. Response to marsh isolation and human development varied regionally, with bird species more sensitive to marsh isolation and road proximity in the more pristine (Gulf of Maine) than altered (Long Island Sound) region. Relatively little overlap was evident between regions in predictors of occurrence and effects of marsh area on particular species. These results indicate that: (1) salt marsh bird communities show similar associations with habitat area and isolation as do forest, grassland, and freshwater wetland bird communities, and (2) landscape context mediates the influence of these parameters on the avian community and should be considered when defining the habitat requirements of salt marsh breeding birds. JF - Biological Conservation AU - Shriver, W G AU - Hodgman, T P AU - Gibbs, J P AU - Vickery, P D AD - State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, New York 13210, USA, greg_shriver@nps.gov Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - October 2004 SP - 545 EP - 553 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl] VL - 119 IS - 4 SN - 0006-3207, 0006-3207 KW - Birds KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts KW - Area requirements KW - Fragmentation KW - Human disturbance KW - Isolation KW - Landscape context KW - New England KW - Salt marsh KW - Spatial distribution KW - ANW, USA, Maine Gulf KW - Ecological distribution KW - Area KW - Man-induced effects KW - ANW, USA, New England KW - Habitat selection KW - Tidal amplitude KW - Human impact KW - Wave energy KW - Ecosystem management KW - Wetlands KW - Marine KW - Marine birds KW - ANW, USA, Long Island Sound KW - Landscape KW - Brackish KW - Land use KW - Aves KW - USA KW - Community composition KW - Breeding sites KW - Salt marshes KW - Species diversity KW - Nature conservation KW - Conservation KW - Aquatic birds KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - O 1050:Vertebrates, Urochordates and Cephalochordates KW - Q1 08364:Reproduction and development KW - D 04705:Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18055130?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Conservation&rft.atitle=Landscape+context+influences+salt+marsh+bird+diversity+and+area+requirements+in+New+England&rft.au=Shriver%2C+W+G%3BHodgman%2C+T+P%3BGibbs%2C+J+P%3BVickery%2C+P+D&rft.aulast=Shriver&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=545&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Conservation&rft.issn=00063207&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biocon.2004.01.016 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine birds; Ecological distribution; Area; Man-induced effects; Tidal amplitude; Habitat selection; Land use; Community composition; Salt marshes; Breeding sites; Species diversity; Wave energy; Nature conservation; Ecosystem management; Wetlands; Aquatic birds; Spatial distribution; Landscape; Conservation; Human impact; Aves; USA; ANW, USA, Long Island Sound; ANW, USA, Maine Gulf; ANW, USA, New England; Brackish; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2004.01.016 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Multivariate Analysis of Factors Associated with Differential Disease and Nonbattle Injury and Morbidity Aboard Ships of the U.S. Naval 5th Fleet during Peacetime Deployment AN - 17594736; 6514946 AB - Disease nonbattle injury (DNBI) surveillance is a critical component of U.S. military force health protection and has been aggressively implemented by the U.S. Central Command. This study presents a multivariate analysis of factors associated with DNBI incidence rates as well as a description of morbidity measures associated with DNBI from U.S. Navy ships deployed to the Middle East from October 2000 through September 2001. Weekly DNBI reports (N = 331) from a total of 44 individual units representing six different classes of U.S. Navy ships were included in the analysis. There were statistically significant differences in summary and categorical DNBI rates associated with ship class, season, and presence of female sailors embarked. The top three DNBI categories associated with the most lost workdays because of sick in quarters and hospitalization were other medical/surgical (36%), infectious gastrointestinal (23%), and all types of nonbattle injury combined (17%). JF - Military Medicine AU - Riddle AU - Sherman, S S AU - Kilbane, E M AU - Putnam, S D AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20854, USA Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - Oct 2004 SP - 787 EP - 794 VL - 169 IS - 10 SN - 0026-4075, 0026-4075 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Ships KW - Injuries KW - Occupational safety KW - Morbidity KW - USA KW - Infectious diseases KW - Military KW - Occupational exposure KW - Middle East KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17594736?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Military+Medicine&rft.atitle=A+Multivariate+Analysis+of+Factors+Associated+with+Differential+Disease+and+Nonbattle+Injury+and+Morbidity+Aboard+Ships+of+the+U.S.+Naval+5th+Fleet+during+Peacetime+Deployment&rft.au=Riddle%3BSherman%2C+S+S%3BKilbane%2C+E+M%3BPutnam%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Riddle&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=169&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=787&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Military+Medicine&rft.issn=00264075&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; Middle East; Ships; Military; Injuries; Occupational exposure; Occupational safety; Infectious diseases; Morbidity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Recommended Role of Exposure Biomarkers for the Surveillance of Environmental and Occupational Chemical Exposures in Military Deployments - Policy Considerations AN - 17594713; 6514945 AB - A lack of individual exposure information limited the evaluation of exposure-outcome relationships after the Gulf War. Exposure concerns during Operation Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom deployments have increased interest in individual environmental and occupational chemical exposure assessment. Currently, deployment assessments are conducted using intermittent ambient air monitoring, occasional focused evaluations based on these results, and postdeployment questionnaire documentation of exposure and/or health concerns. Although this strategy is an improvement over previous practice, it has limitations, including a reliance on evidence of an acute problem, to initiate in-depth health evaluation. Exposure biomarkers may have the potential to overcome some of the limitations of current environmental and occupational exposure assessment tools. This article examines current exposure assessment methods, reviews emerging technologies, and recommends a phased approach to introducing exposure biomarkers into a comprehensive occupational and environmental health surveillance program. JF - Military Medicine AU - May, L M AU - Weese, C AU - Ashley, D L AU - Trump, D H AU - Bowling, C M AU - Lee, A P AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Room A1044, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - Oct 2004 SP - 761 EP - 767 VL - 169 IS - 10 SN - 0026-4075, 0026-4075 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Bioindicators KW - Reviews KW - Military KW - Occupational exposure KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17594713?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Military+Medicine&rft.atitle=The+Recommended+Role+of+Exposure+Biomarkers+for+the+Surveillance+of+Environmental+and+Occupational+Chemical+Exposures+in+Military+Deployments+-+Policy+Considerations&rft.au=May%2C+L+M%3BWeese%2C+C%3BAshley%2C+D+L%3BTrump%2C+D+H%3BBowling%2C+C+M%3BLee%2C+A+P&rft.aulast=May&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=169&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=761&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Military+Medicine&rft.issn=00264075&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioindicators; Military; Reviews; Occupational exposure; Chemicals ER - TY - JOUR T1 - N-Linked Protein Glycosylation Is Required for Full Competence in Campylobacter jejuni 81-176 AN - 17269970; 6031407 AB - The recent sequencing of the virulence plasmid of Campylobacter jejuni 81- 176 revealed the presence of genes homologous to type IV secretion systems (TFSS) that have subsequently been found in Helicobacter pylori and Wolinella succinogenes. Mutational analyses of some of these genes have implicated their involvement in intestinal epithelial cell invasion and natural competence. In this report, we demonstrate that one of these type IV secretion homologs, Cjp3/VirB10, is a glycoprotein. Treatment with various glycosidases and binding to soybean agglutinin indicated that the structure of the glycan present on VirB10 contains a terminal GalNAc, consistent with previous reports of N-linked glycans in C. jejuni. Site-directed mutagenesis of five putative N-linked glycosylation sites indicated that VirB10 is glycosylated at two sites, N32 and N97. Mutants in the N-linked general protein glycosylation (pgl) system of C. jejuni are significantly reduced in natural transformation, which is likely due, in part, to lack of glycosylation of VirB10. The natural transformation defect in a virB10 mutant can be complemented in trans by using a plasmid expressing wild-type VirB10 or an N32A substitution but not by using a mutant expressing VirB10 with an N97A substitution. Taken together, these results suggest that glycosylation of VirB10 specifically at N97 is required for the function of the TFSS and for full competence in C. jejuni 81-176. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Larsen, Joseph C AU - Szymanski, Christine AU - Guerry, Patricia AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda. Enteric Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland Y1 - 2004/10/01/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Oct 01 SP - 6508 EP - 6514 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 186 IS - 19 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - VirB10 protein KW - Cjp3 protein KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts KW - Structure KW - Secretion KW - Campylobacter jejuni KW - Glycosylation KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics KW - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17269970?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=N-Linked+Protein+Glycosylation+Is+Required+for+Full+Competence+in+Campylobacter+jejuni+81-176&rft.au=Larsen%2C+Joseph+C%3BSzymanski%2C+Christine%3BGuerry%2C+Patricia&rft.aulast=Larsen&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=186&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=6508&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Campylobacter jejuni; Glycosylation; Secretion; Structure ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Major Vascular Anomalies in Turner Syndrome: Prevalence and Magnetic Resonance Angiographic Features AN - 17688027; 6029371 AB - BACKGROUND: Turner syndrome (TS) is associated with aortic coarctation and dissection; hence, echocardiographic evaluation of all patients is currently recommended. X-ray angiography in clinically symptomatic patients has suggested a range of other vascular anomalies, but the true prevalence of such lesions in TS is unknown. To better understand the prevalence and pathogenesis of cardiovascular defects in TS, we prospectively evaluated a group of asymptomatic adult volunteers with TS using magnetic resonance (MR) angiography. METHOD:S: and Results- A total of 85 adults with TS and 27 normal female adult volunteers underwent gadolinium-enhanced 3D MR angiography. A high prevalence of aortic anomalies was seen in women with TS, including elongation of the transverse arch (49%), aortic coarctation (12%), and aberrant right subclavian artery (8%). Venous anomalies were also prominent, including persistent left superior vena cava (13%) and partial anomalous pulmonary venous return (13%). None of these anomalies were found in healthy female controls. The constellation of elongation of the transverse arch, aortic coarctation, and persistent left superior vena cava was significantly associated with women with TS. Neck webbing and increased thoracic anterior-to-posterior dimension diameters were strong predictors for arterial and venous anomalies. CONCLUSIONS: Thoracic vascular anomalies are common in TS, occurring in ~50% of a group not preselected for cardiovascular disease. The highly significant association between neck webbing, increased chest diameter, and these vascular anomalies suggests that in utero, centrally localized lymphatic obstruction may contribute to these cardiovascular deformities in TS. Improved recognition of these often-undetected vascular lesions may be important for identification of patients in need of closer cardiovascular monitoring. JF - Circulation AU - Ho, Vincent B AU - Bakalov, Vladimir K AU - Cooley, Margaret AU - Van, Phillip L AU - Hood, Maureen N AU - Burklow, Thomas R AU - Bondy, Carolyn A AD - Departments of Radiology and Radiological Sciences (V.B.H., M.N.H.) and Pediatrics (T.R.B.), Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Md Y1 - 2004/09/21/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Sep 21 SP - 1694 EP - 1700 PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc, 530 Walnut Street Philadelphia PA 19106-3621 USA, [URL:http://www.lww.com/] VL - 110 IS - 12 SN - 0009-7322, 0009-7322 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - W4 150:Medical Imaging KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17688027?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Circulation&rft.atitle=Major+Vascular+Anomalies+in+Turner+Syndrome%3A+Prevalence+and+Magnetic+Resonance+Angiographic+Features&rft.au=Ho%2C+Vincent+B%3BBakalov%2C+Vladimir+K%3BCooley%2C+Margaret%3BVan%2C+Phillip+L%3BHood%2C+Maureen+N%3BBurklow%2C+Thomas+R%3BBondy%2C+Carolyn+A&rft.aulast=Ho&rft.aufirst=Vincent&rft.date=2004-09-21&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1694&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Circulation&rft.issn=00097322&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PCR expression mutagenesis: a high-throughput mutation assay applied to the glucocorticoid receptor ligand-binding domain. AN - 66864668; 15358110 AB - Glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) are extensively studied members of the steroid hormone receptor superfamily that regulate the transcription rates of numerous genes. Notwithstanding, the role of each GR amino acid in the various steps of transactivation is still unknown. A recent report shows that linear DNA has the same capacity as super-helical plasmid DNA for gene expression in transient transfection assays. Based on this observation, we describe a high-throughput assay to analyze a large set of alanine point mutations that are introduced by two rounds of PCR. The PCR products are then directly transfected into cells. This PCR expression mutagenesis (PEM) technique is used to identify several new residues of the GR ligand binding domain that influence ligand binding and/or transactivation. PEM thus provides a quick method for screening large quantities of mutant proteins. In combination with automation, PEM provides a more rapid and efficient tool for probing the role of each amino acid in the biological functions of a given protein. JF - Biochemical and biophysical research communications AU - Chen, Jun AU - Blackford, John A AU - Simons, S Stoney AD - Steroid Hormones Section, NIDDK/LMCB, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. jchen@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2004/09/03/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Sep 03 SP - 893 EP - 899 VL - 321 IS - 4 SN - 0006-291X, 0006-291X KW - Ligands KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - COS Cells KW - Models, Molecular KW - Recombinant Proteins -- genetics KW - Transcriptional Activation KW - Transfection KW - Recombinant Proteins -- metabolism KW - Point Mutation KW - Binding Sites -- genetics KW - Recombinant Proteins -- chemistry KW - Protein Structure, Tertiary KW - Cell Line KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid -- chemistry KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction -- methods KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid -- genetics KW - Mutagenesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66864668?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemical+and+biophysical+research+communications&rft.atitle=PCR+expression+mutagenesis%3A+a+high-throughput+mutation+assay+applied+to+the+glucocorticoid+receptor+ligand-binding+domain.&rft.au=Chen%2C+Jun%3BBlackford%2C+John+A%3BSimons%2C+S+Stoney&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Jun&rft.date=2004-09-03&rft.volume=321&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=893&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemical+and+biophysical+research+communications&rft.issn=0006291X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-10-14 N1 - Date created - 2004-09-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-term effects of Ag-containing alloys on mucous tissue present in biopsy samples. AN - 67017501; 15510863 AB - The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term effects of alloys containing silver (mainly Ag-Sn alloy) on oral mucous tissue. We observed biopsy tissue specimens from patients diagnosed as having amalgam tattoo and/or metal pigmentation by light and electron microscopy and electron-probe microanalysis (EPMA). In most cases, Ag-Sn alloy was present in the tissue but it could not be confirmed if the alloy originated from amalgam. Distributions of both Ag-S and Ag-Sn have typical patterns. Most Ag forms Ag2S and is stably deposited in three patterns along the collagen, basement membrane, and fibrous cells without inducing any host reaction. On the other hand, Sn forms large granules that contain Ag, S, C, N, P, and Ca, and is in soft state in the tissue. Tissue reactions to the alloy become weaker as time passes. JF - Dental materials journal AU - Aoyagi, Hidekazu AU - Katagiri, Masataka AD - Advanced Research Center, School of Dentistry at Niigata, The Nippon Dental University, Niigata city, Japan. aoy@ngt.ndu.ac.jp Y1 - 2004/09// PY - 2004 DA - September 2004 SP - 340 EP - 347 VL - 23 IS - 3 SN - 0287-4547, 0287-4547 KW - Dental Alloys KW - 0 KW - Silver Compounds KW - Silver KW - 3M4G523W1G KW - Tin KW - 7440-31-5 KW - Dental Amalgam KW - 8049-85-2 KW - silver sulfide KW - 9ZB10YHC1C KW - Dentistry KW - Electron Probe Microanalysis KW - Mouth Floor -- chemistry KW - Humans KW - Tin -- adverse effects KW - Dental Amalgam -- adverse effects KW - Silver Compounds -- adverse effects KW - Mouth Mucosa -- chemistry KW - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning KW - Pigmentation Disorders -- chemically induced KW - Argyria -- etiology KW - Silver -- adverse effects KW - Dental Alloys -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67017501?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dental+materials+journal&rft.atitle=Long-term+effects+of+Ag-containing+alloys+on+mucous+tissue+present+in+biopsy+samples.&rft.au=Aoyagi%2C+Hidekazu%3BKatagiri%2C+Masataka&rft.aulast=Aoyagi&rft.aufirst=Hidekazu&rft.date=2004-09-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=340&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Dental+materials+journal&rft.issn=02874547&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-12-07 N1 - Date created - 2004-10-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lymphocyte changes in peripheral blood, spleen, and liver in DMBA-induced squamous cell carcinoma of mouse cheek skin. AN - 66981765; 15490303 AB - The peripheral blood, spleen, and liver lymphocyte subsets of mice with experimental cheek skin carcinoma were determined. The carcinoma was induced by the topical application of 2% (w/v) 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene (DMBA) to cheek skin twice a week for 12 weeks, and it was examined macroscopically and histopathologically. The composition of lymphocyte subsets (T cells, B cells, CD4+ single-positive [SP] T cells, and CD8+SP T cells) in peripheral blood, spleen, and liver was determined by flow cytometry at 3-week intervals for up to 24 weeks. Spleens and livers were assessed by determining their content of natural killer (NK)T cells. The results showed histopathological progression of the skin lesions from papilloma to squamous cell carcinoma at week 12. Body weight was significantly reduced from weeks 15 to 24, and spleen weight was significantly increased at weeks 21 and 24, but liver weight was not significantly different from the control. The lymphocyte subset composition of peripheral blood showed significant elevation of T cells at weeks 6 and 9, followed by reduced levels at weeks 21 and 24, with significant reduction of B cells at weeks 6 and 9, followed by elevation at weeks 21 and 24. CD4+SP T-cell content was elevated at weeks 6, 9, and 12, and reduced at weeks 21 and 24. CD8+SP T-cell content was significantly reduced at weeks 6, 9, and 12, and elevated at weeks 21 and 24. The composition of the lymphocyte subsets in the spleen was similar to their composition in peripheral blood. The composition of both T and B cells in the liver was significantly different from that in the corresponding control group, but no significant differences were found in either CD4+SP or CD8+SP T cells. These findings revealed that the DMBA-induced cheek skin carcinoma in mice affected not only the lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood, but the cells in the spleen and liver as well. Copyright 2004 The Society of the Nippon Dental University JF - Odontology AU - Sakai, Yasuo AU - Tanaka, Masashi AU - Shirakawa, Masayori AD - Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Nippon Dental University School of Dentistry at Tokyo, 2-3-16 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan. y-sakai@tky.ndu.ac.jp. Y1 - 2004/09// PY - 2004 DA - September 2004 SP - 36 EP - 42 VL - 92 IS - 1 SN - 1618-1247, 1618-1247 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene KW - 57-97-6 KW - Dentistry KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - B-Lymphocytes -- pathology KW - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes -- pathology KW - Disease Progression KW - Mice KW - T-Lymphocytes -- pathology KW - Organ Size KW - Body Weight KW - Cheek KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes -- pathology KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Flow Cytometry KW - Killer Cells, Natural -- pathology KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Mouth Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Carcinoma, Squamous Cell -- pathology KW - 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene -- adverse effects KW - Spleen -- pathology KW - Carcinoma, Squamous Cell -- chemically induced KW - Lymphocyte Subsets -- classification KW - Carcinoma, Squamous Cell -- blood KW - Mouth Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Mouth Neoplasms -- blood UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66981765?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Odontology&rft.atitle=Lymphocyte+changes+in+peripheral+blood%2C+spleen%2C+and+liver+in+DMBA-induced+squamous+cell+carcinoma+of+mouse+cheek+skin.&rft.au=Sakai%2C+Yasuo%3BTanaka%2C+Masashi%3BShirakawa%2C+Masayori&rft.aulast=Sakai&rft.aufirst=Yasuo&rft.date=2004-09-01&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=36&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Odontology&rft.issn=16181247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-11-16 N1 - Date created - 2004-10-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Base Realignment and Closure: Guiding Principles for Peru AN - 60692192; 200501686 AB - The macroeconomic & political principles behind Peru's plan for realigning & closing national military bases are studied. An overview of Peru's contemporary macroeconomic & political environment is presented, emphasizing the continued privatization of the nation's public enterprises, the development of a political opposition, & the unstable nature of the Peruvian government's revenue streams. The extent to which public choice theory can guide the realignment & closing of Peru's military bases is then discussed. Several principles for guiding the rearrangement of Peru's bases are highlighted, eg, formulating realistic expectations concerning the short-term economic benefits of closing military bases & addressing the costs of resolving military-induced environmental problems. In addition, multiple recommendations for enhancing the Peruvian governments accountability & transparency with regard to the restructuring of the nation's military infrastructure are offered. It is concluded that the realignment & closure of Peru's military bases will not be economically efficient unless institutions that augment state transparency are created. 1 Table. J. W. Parker JF - Defense & Security Analysis AU - McNab, Robert M AD - Defense Resources Management Instit, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2004/09// PY - 2004 DA - September 2004 SP - 245 EP - 259 VL - 20 IS - 3 SN - 1475-1798, 1475-1798 KW - military bases KW - Defense Policy KW - Politics KW - Economic Conditions KW - Facilities KW - Privatization KW - Peru KW - Accountability KW - Armed Forces KW - article KW - 9091: government/political systems; armed forces UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60692192?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Defense+%26+Security+Analysis&rft.atitle=Base+Realignment+and+Closure%3A+Guiding+Principles+for+Peru&rft.au=McNab%2C+Robert+M&rft.aulast=McNab&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2004-09-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Defense+%26+Security+Analysis&rft.issn=14751798&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F1475179042000260679 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Peru; Economic Conditions; Politics; Armed Forces; Facilities; Privatization; Accountability; Defense Policy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1475179042000260679 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iraq's Unready Security Forces: An Interim Assessment AN - 59938791; 200501689 AB - This article examines the emergence of the various Iraqi security forces that were created by the US-led coalition since it deposed Saddam Hussein's regime in 2003. Based in part on his own observations & interviews with those responsible for training these forces, the author discusses the challenges & dilemmas faced by coalition forces in their attempts to create local security forces that will be capable of enforcing order & ending the insurgency. Adapted from the source document. JF - MERIA: Middle East Review of International Affairs AU - Salmoni, Barak A AD - Dept National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2004/09// PY - 2004 DA - September 2004 SP - 11 EP - 28 VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 1565-8996, 1565-8996 KW - Security KW - Law Enforcement KW - Training KW - War KW - United States of America KW - Armed Forces KW - Iraq KW - article KW - 9091: government/political systems; armed forces UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59938791?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MERIA%3A+Middle+East+Review+of+International+Affairs&rft.atitle=Iraq%27s+Unready+Security+Forces%3A+An+Interim+Assessment&rft.au=Salmoni%2C+Barak+A&rft.aulast=Salmoni&rft.aufirst=Barak&rft.date=2004-09-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=MERIA%3A+Middle+East+Review+of+International+Affairs&rft.issn=15658996&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meria.idc.ac.il/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United States of America; Iraq; War; Training; Security; Law Enforcement; Armed Forces ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification and Characterization of a New Cross-Reactive Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Neutralizing Human Monoclonal Antibody AN - 18034712; 5986555 AB - The identification and characterization of new human monoclonal antibodies (hMAbs) able to neutralize primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates from different subtypes may help in our understanding of the mechanisms of virus entry and neutralization and in the development of entry inhibitors and vaccines. For enhanced selection of broadly cross-reactive antibodies, soluble HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins (Envs proteins) from two isolates complexed with two-domain soluble CD4 (sCD4) were alternated during panning of a phage- displayed human antibody library; these two Env proteins (89.6 and IIIB gp140s), and one additional Env (JR-FL gp120) alone and complexed with sCD4 were used for screening. An antibody with relatively long HCDR3 (17 residues), designated m14, was identified that bound to all antigens and neutralized heterologous HIV-1 isolates in multiple assay formats. Fab m14 potently neutralized selected well- characterized subtype B isolates, including JRCSF, 89.6, IIIB, and Yu2. Immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) m14 was more potent than Fab m14 and neutralized 7 of 10 other clade B isolates; notably, although the potency was on average significantly lower than that of IgG1 b12, IgG1 m14 neutralized two of the isolates with significantly lower 50% inhibitory concentrations than did IgG1 b12. IgG1 m14 neutralized four of four selected clade C isolates with potency higher than that of IgG1 b12. It also neutralized 7 of 17 clade C isolates from southern Africa that were difficult to neutralize with other hMAbs and sCD4. IgG1 m14 neutralized four of seven primary HIV-1 isolates from other clades (A, D, E, and F) much more efficiently than did IgG1 b12; for the other three isolates, IgG b12 was much more potent. Fab m14 bound with high (nanomolar range) affinity to gp120 and gp140 from various isolates; its binding was reduced by soluble CD4 and antibodies recognizing the CD4 binding site (CD4bs) on gp120, and its footprint as defined by alanine-scanning mutagenesis overlaps that of b12. These results suggest that m14 is a novel CD4bs cross-reactive HIV- 1-neutralizing antibody that exhibits a different inhibitory profile compared to the only known potent broadly neutralizing CD4bs human antibody, b12, and may have implications for our understanding of the mechanisms of immune evasion and for the development of inhibitors and vaccines. JF - Journal of Virology AU - Zhang, Mei-Yun AU - Xiao, Xiaodong AU - Sidorov, Igor A AU - Choudhry, Vidita AU - Cham, Fatim AU - Zhang, Peng Fei AU - Bouma, Peter AU - Zwick, Michael AU - Choudhary, Anil AU - Montefiori, David C AU - Broder, Christopher C AU - Burton, Dennis R AU - Quinnan, Gerald V AU - Dimitrov, Dimiter S AD - Human Immunovirology Group, Laboratory of Experimental and Computational Biology, Center for Cancer Research. Basic Research Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc. National Cancer Institute-Frederick, Frederick. Department of Preventive Medicine. Department of Microbiology and Immunology Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland. Departments of Immunology and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California. Department of Surgery, Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine Research & Development, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina Y1 - 2004/09/01/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Sep 01 SP - 9233 EP - 9242 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 78 IS - 17 SN - 0022-538X, 0022-538X KW - cross-reactivity KW - HIV-1 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Cross-reactivity KW - Monoclonal antibodies KW - Mutagenesis KW - Human immunodeficiency virus 1 KW - Vaccines KW - W3 33375:Antibodies KW - F 06711:Monoclonal antibodies, hybridomas, antigens and antisera KW - V 22003:AIDS: Immunological aspects KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18034712?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Virology&rft.atitle=Identification+and+Characterization+of+a+New+Cross-Reactive+Human+Immunodeficiency+Virus+Type+1-Neutralizing+Human+Monoclonal+Antibody&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Mei-Yun%3BXiao%2C+Xiaodong%3BSidorov%2C+Igor+A%3BChoudhry%2C+Vidita%3BCham%2C+Fatim%3BZhang%2C+Peng+Fei%3BBouma%2C+Peter%3BZwick%2C+Michael%3BChoudhary%2C+Anil%3BMontefiori%2C+David+C%3BBroder%2C+Christopher+C%3BBurton%2C+Dennis+R%3BQuinnan%2C+Gerald+V%3BDimitrov%2C+Dimiter+S&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Mei-Yun&rft.date=2004-09-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=9233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Virology&rft.issn=0022538X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Human immunodeficiency virus 1; Monoclonal antibodies; Cross-reactivity; Vaccines; Mutagenesis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a Noninvasive Method for Detecting and Monitoring the Time Course of Helicobacter pylori Infection AN - 18025181; 5992131 AB - Helicobacter pylori infection status following experimental inoculation of mice presently requires euthanasia. The purpose of this study was to develop a method for following the time course of H. pylori infection in live experimental animals. Twenty-six C57BL/6, Helicobacter-free female mice were inoculated with H. pylori Sydney strain 1, and 16 mice were sham inoculated. The mice were repeatedly tested during a period of about 1 year with an H. pylori species- specific primer-based PCR analysis of DNA extracted from fecal pellets of mice. The mice were euthanized at 6 months (n = 15) and 10 months (n = 15) to determine their infection status by histology, culture, and PCR of gastric specimens. H. pylori-inoculated mice were tested via the PCR method at 6 and 10 months prior to necropsy. Nine of 13 (69%) and 10 of 13 (77%) mice tested at 6 and 10 months, respectively, were positive. All sham-inoculated mice were negative. These two PCR results suggested a specificity of 100% with a sensitivity range between 69 and 77%. In contrast, sensitivity and specificity rose to 90 and 100% if groups of mice were tested once daily for 4 days. Seventy-seven to 85% of the experimental mice were also positive for H. pylori by culture. The histopathology demonstrated mild to severe gastritis. These findings demonstrate that the persistence or transience of H. pylori infection in live mice can be repeatedly evaluated over time. This method could allow the determination of the time course of infection and the efficacy of medications and/or vaccine without necropsy. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Nyan, Dougbeh C AU - Welch, Anthony R AU - Dubois, Andre AU - Coleman, William G AD - National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health. Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda. Diagnon Corporation, Gaithersburg, Maryland Y1 - 2004/09// PY - 2004 DA - Sep 2004 SP - 5358 EP - 5364 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 72 IS - 9 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - mice KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Helicobacter pylori KW - Gastrointestinal tract diseases KW - Animal models KW - Histopathology KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Primers KW - Feces KW - Persistent infection KW - J 02855:Human Bacteriology: Others UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18025181?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+Noninvasive+Method+for+Detecting+and+Monitoring+the+Time+Course+of+Helicobacter+pylori+Infection&rft.au=Nyan%2C+Dougbeh+C%3BWelch%2C+Anthony+R%3BDubois%2C+Andre%3BColeman%2C+William+G&rft.aulast=Nyan&rft.aufirst=Dougbeh&rft.date=2004-09-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=5358&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Helicobacter pylori; Gastrointestinal tract diseases; Animal models; Feces; Polymerase chain reaction; Primers; Histopathology; Persistent infection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Therapeutic effects of herbal extracts and constituents in animal models of psychiatric disorders. AN - 66732243; 15268969 AB - A search for novel pharmacotherapy from medicinal plants for psychiatric illnesses has progressed significantly in the past decade. This is reflected in the large number of herbal preparations for which psychotherapeutic potential has been evaluated in a variety of animal models. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of herbal extracts and constituents that have significant therapeutic effects in animal models of psychiatric illnesses. Eighty five individual herbs reviewed were classified as anxiolytic, antidepressant, neuroleptic, antidementia, or anti-substance abuse herbs. The full scientific name of each herb, herbal part used, active constituent, extract, dose range and route, animal model, possible mechanisms of action, and pertinent references are presented via synoptic tables. The herbal mixtures were also mentioned. A considerable number of herbal constituents whose behavioral effects and pharmacological actions have been well characterized may be good candidates for further investigations that may ultimately result in clinical use. The investigation of a large portion of the herbal extracts and herbal mixtures is in its infancy. Herbal remedies that have demonstrable psychotherapeutic activities have provided a potential to psychiatric pharmaceuticals and deserve increased attention in future studies. JF - Life sciences AU - Zhang, Zhang-Jin AD - Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. zzhang1@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2004/08/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Aug 20 SP - 1659 EP - 1699 VL - 75 IS - 14 SN - 0024-3205, 0024-3205 KW - Anti-Anxiety Agents KW - 0 KW - Antidepressive Agents KW - Antipsychotic Agents KW - Plant Extracts KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Antipsychotic Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- drug therapy KW - Anti-Anxiety Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Antidepressive Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Dementia -- drug therapy KW - PubMed KW - Phytotherapy KW - Mental Disorders -- drug therapy KW - Plant Extracts -- therapeutic use KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Plants, Medicinal -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66732243?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Life+sciences&rft.atitle=Therapeutic+effects+of+herbal+extracts+and+constituents+in+animal+models+of+psychiatric+disorders.&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Zhang-Jin&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Zhang-Jin&rft.date=2004-08-20&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=1659&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Life+sciences&rft.issn=00243205&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-09-03 N1 - Date created - 2004-07-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Clastogenic effect for cigarette smoking but not areca quid chewing as measured by micronuclei in exfoliated buccal mucosal cells. AN - 66755882; 15279828 AB - The objective of this study was to use the micronuclei from exfoliated buccal mucosal cells to investigate the clastogenic effects of areca quid chewing and cigarette smoking, as well as the interaction between the two. The study population was selected from residents of seven villages recruited for a community-cohort study. A total of 141 subjects were recruited based on the regular consumption of cigarettes and betel quid. Salient personal characteristics were collected from interview using a specially designed questionnaire. Micronuclei were scored on Feulgen/fast green-stained smear preparations of exfoliated cells obtained by scraping the surface of the buccal mucosa. There was no significant interaction between the chewing of betel nut and cigarette smoking. Heavy smoking was positively associated with MN frequency, with areca quid chewing negatively associated. A significant positive trend was demonstrated for the relationship between MN frequency and either daily cigarette consumption or cumulative smoking pack-years. By contrast, negative trends were demonstrated for the analogous relationships with areca quid chewing. These results indicate that heavy smoking, but not areca quid chewing, increases MN formation. These findings suggest that the carcinogenesis of the oral cancers induced by areca quid chewing in Taiwan may be through a pathway other than genotoxicity. JF - Mutation research AU - Wu, Ping-An AU - Loh, Ching-Hui AU - Hsieh, Ling-Ling AU - Liu, Tsung-Yun AU - Chen, Chien-Jen AU - Liou, Saou-Hsing AD - Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, National Defense University, Nei-Hu, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC. Y1 - 2004/08/08/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Aug 08 SP - 27 EP - 38 VL - 562 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Areca KW - Tobacco KW - Mouth Mucosa -- cytology KW - Smoking -- genetics KW - Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66755882?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Clastogenic+effect+for+cigarette+smoking+but+not+areca+quid+chewing+as+measured+by+micronuclei+in+exfoliated+buccal+mucosal+cells.&rft.au=Wu%2C+Ping-An%3BLoh%2C+Ching-Hui%3BHsieh%2C+Ling-Ling%3BLiu%2C+Tsung-Yun%3BChen%2C+Chien-Jen%3BLiou%2C+Saou-Hsing&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Ping-An&rft.date=2004-08-08&rft.volume=562&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-09-16 N1 - Date created - 2004-07-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Mutat Res. 2005 Apr 4;582(1-2):163-4; author reply 165-7 [15781221] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intimin Types alpha, beta , and gamma Bind to Nucleolin with Equivalent Affinity but Lower Avidity than to the Translocated Intimin Receptor AN - 17823602; 5963756 AB - The outer membrane adhesins of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, Citrobacter rodentium, and enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) O157:H7 that mediate attach and efface intestinal lesions are classified as intimin alpha, beta , and gamma, respectively. Each of these intimin types binds to its cognate, bacterially encoded receptor (called Tir for translocated intimin receptor) to promote tight adherence of the organism to the host-cell plasma membrane. We previously reported that gamma intimin of EHEC O157:H7 also bound to a eucaryotic receptor that we determined was nucleolin. The objective of this study was to investigate in vitro and in vivo the interactions of intimins alpha, beta , and gamma with nucleolin in the presence of Tir from EHEC O157:H7. Protein binding experiments demonstrated that intimin of types alpha, beta , and gamma bound nucleolin with similar affinity. Moreover, all three intimin types co-localized with regions of nucleolin expressed on the surface of HEp-2 cells. When intimin alpha, beta , or gamma bound to Tir in vitro, the intimin interaction with nucleolin was blocked. Both Tir and nucleolin accumulated beneath intimin- presenting bacteria that had attached to the surface of HEp-2 cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that nucleolin is involved in bacterial adherence promoted by all intimin types and that Tir and nucleolin compete for intimin during adherence. JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry AU - Sinclair, James F AU - O'Brien, Alison D AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland Y1 - 2004/08/06/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Aug 06 SP - 33751 EP - 33758 PB - American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 9650 Rockville Pike Bethesda MD 20814-3996 USA, [mailto:asbmb@asbmb.faseb.org], [URL:http://www.jbc.org] VL - 279 IS - 32 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Adhesins KW - Plasma membranes KW - Avidity KW - translocated intimin receptor KW - Adherence KW - Outer membranes KW - Intestine KW - Escherichia coli KW - nucleolin KW - Intimin KW - Citrobacter rodentium KW - J 02721:Cell cycle, morphology and motility UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17823602?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Intimin+Types+alpha%2C+beta+%2C+and+gamma+Bind+to+Nucleolin+with+Equivalent+Affinity+but+Lower+Avidity+than+to+the+Translocated+Intimin+Receptor&rft.au=Sinclair%2C+James+F%3BO%27Brien%2C+Alison+D&rft.aulast=Sinclair&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2004-08-06&rft.volume=279&rft.issue=32&rft.spage=33751&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; Citrobacter rodentium; Intimin; nucleolin; translocated intimin receptor; Adhesins; Outer membranes; Avidity; Adherence; Intestine; Plasma membranes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mass violence and early mental health intervention: a proposed application of best practice guidelines to chemical, biological, and radiological attacks. AN - 66894868; 15379065 AB - Based on past episodes, there will be psychological sequelae to chemical, biological, and radiological attacks. Some of the psychological morbidity should be able to be ameliorated through planning and appropriate early intervention. Key components of early intervention are illustrated following a hypothetical scenario of a bomb and anthrax threat near the Pentagon. Many of these components, such as monitoring clear, consistent messages about health risks, are provided by physicians or politicians, not mental health providers, but have a serious impact on the mental health of the population. We hope that this scenario and the principles of response will prove useful to planners of emergency preparedness and responders in the case of an actual attack. JF - Military medicine AU - Ritchie, Elspeth Cameron AU - Friedman, Matthew AU - Watson, Patricia AU - Ursano, Robert AU - Wessely, Simon AU - Flynn, Brian AD - Department of Psychiatry, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 575 EP - 579 VL - 169 IS - 8 SN - 0026-4075, 0026-4075 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Crisis Intervention KW - Bioterrorism -- psychology KW - Chemical Warfare -- psychology KW - Humans KW - Risk Management KW - Practice Guidelines as Topic KW - Time Factors KW - Risk Assessment KW - Nuclear Warfare -- psychology KW - Mental Disorders -- therapy KW - Terrorism -- psychology KW - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic KW - Disaster Planning KW - Mental Disorders -- etiology KW - Mental Health Services -- standards KW - Violence KW - Terrorism -- classification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66894868?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Military+medicine&rft.atitle=Mass+violence+and+early+mental+health+intervention%3A+a+proposed+application+of+best+practice+guidelines+to+chemical%2C+biological%2C+and+radiological+attacks.&rft.au=Ritchie%2C+Elspeth+Cameron%3BFriedman%2C+Matthew%3BWatson%2C+Patricia%3BUrsano%2C+Robert%3BWessely%2C+Simon%3BFlynn%2C+Brian&rft.aulast=Ritchie&rft.aufirst=Elspeth&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=169&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=575&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Military+medicine&rft.issn=00264075&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-11-06 N1 - Date created - 2004-09-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dynamic solid phase microextraction for sampling of airborne sarin with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for rapid field detection and quantification. AN - 66849089; 15352721 AB - A portable dynamic air sampler and solid phase microextraction were used to simultaneously detect, identify, and quantify airborne sarin with immediate analysis of samples using a field portable gas chromatography-mass spectrometry system. A mathematical model was used with knowledge of the mass of sarin trapped, linear air velocity past the exposed sampling fiber, and sample duration allowing calculation of concentration estimates. For organizations with suitable field portable instrumentation, these methods are potentially useful for rapid onsite detection and quantification of high concern analytes, either through direct environmental sampling or through sampling of air collected in bags. JF - Journal of separation science AU - Hook, Gary L AU - Jackson Lepage, Carmela AU - Miller, Stephen I AU - Smith, Philip A AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Bethesda MD, USA. Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 1017 EP - 1022 VL - 27 IS - 12 SN - 1615-9306, 1615-9306 KW - Chemical Warfare Agents KW - 0 KW - Sarin KW - B4XG72QGFM KW - Index Medicus KW - Time Factors KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry -- methods KW - Chemical Warfare Agents -- analysis KW - Air KW - Sarin -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66849089?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+separation+science&rft.atitle=Dynamic+solid+phase+microextraction+for+sampling+of+airborne+sarin+with+gas+chromatography-mass+spectrometry+for+rapid+field+detection+and+quantification.&rft.au=Hook%2C+Gary+L%3BJackson+Lepage%2C+Carmela%3BMiller%2C+Stephen+I%3BSmith%2C+Philip+A&rft.aulast=Hook&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1017&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+separation+science&rft.issn=16159306&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-10-08 N1 - Date created - 2004-09-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exercise-induced syncope associated with QT prolongation and ephedra-free Xenadrine. AN - 66776420; 15301335 AB - The Food and Drug Administration recently banned the sale of ephedra alkaloids because of their association with arrhythmic sudden death, myocardial infarction, and stroke. This has resulted in the emergence of formulations marketed for weight loss and performance enhancement that are "ephedra free" but contain other sympathomimetic substances, the safety of which has not been established. We report a case of exercise-induced syncope in a healthy 22-year-old woman that occurred 1 hour after she took the second dose of Xenadrine EFX, an ephedra-free weight-loss supplement. Electrocardiography revealed prolongation of the QT interval (corrected QT, 516 milliseconds); this resolved in 24 hours. Results of echocardiography and exercise stress testing were normal. Nine months of monitoring with an implanted loop recorder revealed no arrhythmias in the absence of Xenadrine EFX. Although this product contains a number of compounds whose pharmacologic effect is poorly characterized, notable quantities of phenylephrine are present, and the proarrhythmic potential of this compound in the setting of exercise is discussed. JF - Mayo Clinic proceedings AU - Nasir, Javed M AU - Durning, Steven J AU - Ferguson, Michael AU - Barold, Helen S AU - Haigney, Mark C AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 1059 EP - 1062 VL - 79 IS - 8 SN - 0025-6196, 0025-6196 KW - Anti-Obesity Agents KW - 0 KW - Drug Combinations KW - Phenylephrine KW - 1WS297W6MV KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Exercise Test KW - Chemistry, Pharmaceutical KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Electrocardiography KW - Echocardiography KW - Adult KW - Emergency Treatment KW - Female KW - Long QT Syndrome -- therapy KW - Long QT Syndrome -- chemically induced KW - Syncope -- diagnosis KW - Phenylephrine -- chemistry KW - Anti-Obesity Agents -- chemistry KW - Exercise KW - Anti-Obesity Agents -- adverse effects KW - Phytotherapy -- adverse effects KW - Syncope -- chemically induced KW - Citrus -- chemistry KW - Long QT Syndrome -- diagnosis KW - Syncope -- therapy KW - Phenylephrine -- adverse effects KW - Phenylephrine -- analysis KW - Citrus -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66776420?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mayo+Clinic+proceedings&rft.atitle=Exercise-induced+syncope+associated+with+QT+prolongation+and+ephedra-free+Xenadrine.&rft.au=Nasir%2C+Javed+M%3BDurning%2C+Steven+J%3BFerguson%2C+Michael%3BBarold%2C+Helen+S%3BHaigney%2C+Mark+C&rft.aulast=Nasir&rft.aufirst=Javed&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1059&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mayo+Clinic+proceedings&rft.issn=00256196&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-08-20 N1 - Date created - 2004-08-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Mayo Clin Proc. 2004 Dec;79(12):1589-90; author reply 1590; discussion 1590 [15595351] Mayo Clin Proc. 2004 Aug;79(8):979-82 [15301323] Erratum In: Mayo Clin Proc. 2004 Dec;79(12):1591 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - AMPA protects cultured neurons against glutamate excitotoxicity through a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent activation in extracellular signal-regulated kinase to upregulate BDNF gene expression. AN - 66764186; 15287886 AB - The signal transduction and molecular mechanisms underlying alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA)-mediated neuroprotection are unknown. In the present study, we determined a major AMPA receptor-mediated neuroprotective pathway. Exposure of cerebellar granule cells to AMPA (500 microM) + aniracetam (1 microM), a known blocker of AMPA receptor desensitization, evoked an accumulation of brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) in the culture medium and enhanced TrkB-tyrosine phosphorylation following the release of BDNF. AMPA also activated the src-family tyrosine kinase, Lyn, and the downstream target of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K) pathway, Akt. Extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK), a component of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, was also activated. K252a, a selective inhibitor of neurotrophin signaling, blocked the AMPA-mediated neuroprotection. The involvement of BDNF release in protecting neurons by AMPA was confirmed using a BDNF-blocking antibody. AMPA-mediated neuroprotection is blocked by PP1, an inhibitor of src family kinases, LY294002, a PI3-K inhibitor, or U0126, a MAPK kinase (MEK) inhibitor. Neuroprotective concentrations of AMPA increased BDNF mRNA levels that was blocked by the AMPA receptor antagonist, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6-nitro-2,3-dioxo-benzo[f]quinoxaline-7-sulfonamide (NBQX). The increase in BDNF gene expression appeared to be the downstream target of the PI3-K-dependent activation of the MAPK cascade since MEK or the PI3-K inhibitor blocked the AMPA receptor-mediated increase in BDNF mRNA. Thus, AMPA receptors protect neurons through a mechanism involving BDNF release, TrkB receptor activation, and a signaling pathway involving a PI3-K dependent activation of MAPK that increases BDNF expression. JF - Journal of neurochemistry AU - Wu, Xuan AU - Zhu, Daming AU - Jiang, Xueying AU - Okagaki, Peter AU - Mearow, Karen AU - Zhu, Guanshan AU - McCall, Sherman AU - Banaudha, Krishna AU - Lipsky, Robert H AU - Marini, Ann M AD - Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 807 EP - 818 VL - 90 IS - 4 SN - 0022-3042, 0022-3042 KW - Antibodies KW - 0 KW - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor KW - Enzyme Inhibitors KW - Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists KW - Neuroprotective Agents KW - Neurotoxins KW - Protein Synthesis Inhibitors KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Receptors, AMPA KW - Glutamic Acid KW - 3KX376GY7L KW - alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid KW - 77521-29-0 KW - Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases KW - EC 2.7.1.- KW - Receptor, trkB KW - EC 2.7.10.1 KW - lyn protein-tyrosine kinase KW - EC 2.7.10.2 KW - src-Family Kinases KW - Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases KW - EC 2.7.11.24 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Receptor, trkB -- drug effects KW - Receptors, AMPA -- metabolism KW - Neurotoxins -- toxicity KW - Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists -- pharmacology KW - Neuroprotective Agents -- pharmacology KW - Rats KW - Receptors, AMPA -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Protein Synthesis Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - RNA, Messenger -- metabolism KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Antibodies -- pharmacology KW - src-Family Kinases -- metabolism KW - Up-Regulation -- drug effects KW - Signal Transduction -- drug effects KW - Receptor, trkB -- metabolism KW - Enzyme Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- drug effects KW - src-Family Kinases -- drug effects KW - Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases -- drug effects KW - Glutamic Acid -- toxicity KW - Neurons -- metabolism KW - Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases -- metabolism KW - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases -- metabolism KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Neurons -- cytology KW - alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66764186?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+neurochemistry&rft.atitle=AMPA+protects+cultured+neurons+against+glutamate+excitotoxicity+through+a+phosphatidylinositol+3-kinase-dependent+activation+in+extracellular+signal-regulated+kinase+to+upregulate+BDNF+gene+expression.&rft.au=Wu%2C+Xuan%3BZhu%2C+Daming%3BJiang%2C+Xueying%3BOkagaki%2C+Peter%3BMearow%2C+Karen%3BZhu%2C+Guanshan%3BMcCall%2C+Sherman%3BBanaudha%2C+Krishna%3BLipsky%2C+Robert+H%3BMarini%2C+Ann+M&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Xuan&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=807&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+neurochemistry&rft.issn=00223042&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-10-28 N1 - Date created - 2004-08-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geographic variation in patterns of nestedness among local stream fish assemblages in Virginia AN - 19412077; 6018023 AB - Nestedness of faunal assemblages is a multi-scale phenomenon, potentially influenced by a variety of factors. Prior small-scale studies have found freshwater fish species assemblages to be nested along stream courses as a result of either selective colonization or extinction. However, within-stream gradients in temperature and other factors are correlated with the distributions of many fish species and may also contribute to nestedness. At a regional level, strongly nested patterns would require a consistent set of structuring mechanisms across streams, and correlation among species' tolerances of the environmental factors that influence distribution. Thus, nestedness should be negatively associated with the spatial extent of the region analyzed and positively associated with elevational gradients (a correlate of temperature and other environmental factors). We examined these relationships for the freshwater fishes of Virginia. Regions were defined within a spatial hierarchy and included whole river drainages, portions of drainages within physiographic provinces, and smaller subdrainages. In most cases, nestedness was significantly stronger in regions of smaller spatial extent and in regions characterized by greater topographic relief. Analysis of hydrologic variability and patterns of faunal turnover provided no evidence that inter-annual colonization/extinction dynamics contributed to elevational differences in nestedness. These results suggest that, at regional scales, nestedness is influenced by interactions between biotic and abiotic factors, and that the strongest nestedness is likely to occur where a small number of organizational processes predominate, i.e., over small spatial extents and regions exhibiting strong environmental gradients. JF - Oecologia AU - Cook, R R AU - Angermeier, P L AU - Finn, D S AU - Poff, N L AU - Krueger, K L AD - Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Biology, Colorado State University, 80523, Fort Collins, CO, USA, Rose_Cook@nps.gov Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 639 EP - 649 PB - Springer-Verlag VL - 140 IS - 4 SN - 0029-8549, 0029-8549 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Temperature effects KW - Extinction KW - Ecological distribution KW - USA, Virginia KW - Gradients KW - Rare species KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Streams KW - Environmental factors KW - Pisces KW - Physiographic provinces KW - Colonization KW - Hydrology KW - Species extinction KW - Abiotic factors KW - D 04668:Fish KW - Q1 08567:Fishery oceanography and limnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19412077?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oecologia&rft.atitle=Geographic+variation+in+patterns+of+nestedness+among+local+stream+fish+assemblages+in+Virginia&rft.au=Cook%2C+R+R%3BAngermeier%2C+P+L%3BFinn%2C+D+S%3BPoff%2C+N+L%3BKrueger%2C+K+L&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=140&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=639&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Oecologia&rft.issn=00298549&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00442-004-1618-z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Physiographic provinces; Temperature effects; Colonization; Ecological distribution; Rare species; Freshwater fish; Environmental factors; Species extinction; Abiotic factors; Extinction; Hydrology; Gradients; Streams; Pisces; USA, Virginia; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-004-1618-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Neisseria gonorrhoeae catalase mutant is more sensitive to hydrogen peroxide and paraquat, an inducer of toxic oxygen radicals AN - 17792185; 6055050 AB - Catalase is hypothesized to be critical in the protection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae from H2O2 produced during aerobic respiration and by phagocytes during infection. Here we cloned the catalase (kat) gene of gonococcal strain FA1090 and constructed a genetically defined N. gonorrhoeae kat mutant to assess the role of catalase in defense against oxidative stress. The gonococcal kat gene conferred increased H2O2 resistance to a catalase-deficient Escherichia coli strain. Mutation of the kat gene in strain FA1090 via an in-frame deletion resulted in increased sensitivity to H2O2 and paraquat, an inducer of toxic oxygen radicals. Expression of catalase in trans from a shuttle vector restored catalase activity and paraquat resistance to the kat mutant, but not resistance to H2O2. The inability to fully complement the mutant was perhaps due to a modification in the catalase, as evidenced by altered mobility of the recombinant catalase on activity gels when expressed from the shuttle vector in N. gonorrhoeae. Additionally, we showed a 262 base pair region upstream of the kat gene is required for expression in E. coli and a putative fumarate-nitrate regulator (FNR) binding site is located in this region. JF - Microbial Pathogenesis AU - Soler-Garcia, A A AU - Jerse, A E AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA, ajerse@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - Aug 2004 SP - 55 EP - 63 PB - Elsevier Ltd VL - 37 IS - 2 SN - 0882-4010, 0882-4010 KW - kat gene KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Mobility KW - Respiration KW - Complement KW - shuttle vectors KW - Catalase KW - Neisseria gonorrhoeae KW - Gene deletion KW - Reactive oxygen species KW - Oxidative stress KW - Phagocytes KW - Hydrogen peroxide KW - Escherichia coli KW - Mutation KW - Paraquat KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17792185?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbial+Pathogenesis&rft.atitle=A+Neisseria+gonorrhoeae+catalase+mutant+is+more+sensitive+to+hydrogen+peroxide+and+paraquat%2C+an+inducer+of+toxic+oxygen+radicals&rft.au=Soler-Garcia%2C+A+A%3BJerse%2C+A+E&rft.aulast=Soler-Garcia&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbial+Pathogenesis&rft.issn=08824010&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.micpath.2004.04.007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Escherichia coli; Catalase; Hydrogen peroxide; Paraquat; shuttle vectors; Reactive oxygen species; Phagocytes; Complement; Mobility; Respiration; Oxidative stress; Gene deletion; Mutation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2004.04.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Frontal and stealth attack strategies in microbial pathogenesis AN - 18008710; 5941598 AB - Interactions between microbes and human hosts can range from a benign, even symbiotic collaboration to a competition that may turn fatal -- resulting in death of the host, the microbe or both. Despite advances that have been made over the past decades in understanding microbial pathogens, more people worldwide still die every year from infectious disease than from any other cause. This highlights the relevance of continuing to probe the mechanisms used by microorganisms to cause disease, and emphasizes the need for new model systems to advance our understanding of host-pathogen interactions. JF - Nature AU - Merrell, DScott AU - Falkow, Stanley AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA, dmerrell@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2004/07/08/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Jul 08 SP - 250 EP - 256 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building 4 Crinan Street London N1 9XW UK, [mailto:feedback@nature.com], [URL:http://www.nature.com/] VL - 430 IS - 6996 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - Helicobacter pylori KW - virulence factors KW - Bartonella KW - pathogenicity islands KW - Vibrio cholerae KW - Host-pathogen interactions KW - Reviews KW - Salmonella enterica KW - Chronic infection KW - Immune response KW - F 06801:Bacteria KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18008710?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Frontal+and+stealth+attack+strategies+in+microbial+pathogenesis&rft.au=Merrell%2C+DScott%3BFalkow%2C+Stanley&rft.aulast=Merrell&rft.aufirst=DScott&rft.date=2004-07-08&rft.volume=430&rft.issue=6996&rft.spage=250&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnature02760 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Helicobacter pylori; Salmonella enterica; Bartonella; Vibrio cholerae; Reviews; pathogenicity islands; Immune response; Chronic infection; virulence factors; Host-pathogen interactions DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature02760 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mercury in the environment: sources, toxicities, and prevention of exposure. AN - 66773435; 15298308 AB - Acute and chronic exposure to mercury can significantly affect the health of a population, specifically the children. Methylmercury may pose the highest threat, as it is ubiquitous in the environment and it is a potent neurotoxicant. Methylmercury easily passes through the placenta to the developing fetus. Elemental mercury, or quicksilver, also poses a threat to children because it may be found readily in schools, hospitals, and medicine cabinets, and its intriguing liquid nature may be enticing to children. Pediatricians must be diligent in informing patients of possible exposure sources, and alerting them to new government advisories and recommendations. They should also be knowledgeable regarding classic clinical presentations of mercury toxicity. It is only in cases involving a knowledge of mercury that appropriate historical information is obtained and correct diagnoses are made. Preventing mercury exposure and consequent toxicity is of importance because therapies are controversial and long-term consequences may be significant. JF - Pediatric annals AU - Johnson, Christine L AD - Medical Corps, United States Navy, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA. Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - July 2004 SP - 437 EP - 442 VL - 33 IS - 7 SN - 0090-4481, 0090-4481 KW - Methylmercury Compounds KW - 0 KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Intestinal Absorption KW - Mercury Poisoning -- diagnosis KW - Methylmercury Compounds -- metabolism KW - Seafood -- toxicity KW - Mercury -- metabolism KW - Environmental Exposure -- prevention & control KW - Mercury -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66773435?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pediatric+annals&rft.atitle=Mercury+in+the+environment%3A+sources%2C+toxicities%2C+and+prevention+of+exposure.&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Christine+L&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Christine&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=437&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pediatric+annals&rft.issn=00904481&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-10-12 N1 - Date created - 2004-08-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simultaneous deficiency in CD28 and STAT6 results in chronic ectoparasite-induced inflammatory skin disease. AN - 66647062; 15213110 AB - A mouse lacking CD28, a T-cell costimulatory molecule, and STAT6, a transcription factor that mediates interleukin-4 (IL-4) signaling, was developed from parental CD28- and STAT6-deficient mice. STAT6/CD28(-/-) BALB/c mice that were 8 weeks old had a normal phenotype, and IL-4 production was induced following infection with nematode parasites. Unexpectedly, when they were between 4 and 8 months old, all mice examined spontaneously developed severe chronic dermatitis associated with pronounced numbers of Demodex ectoparasites. In addition, pronounced CD4 and CD8 T-cell infiltrates in the dermis and subcutaneous fat, increased serum immunoglobulin G2a levels, and lymphadenopathy associated with increased gamma interferon and IL-12 expression were observed. Single-knockout siblings lacking either CD28 or STAT6 had a phenotype similar to that of BALB/c wild-type controls. To distinguish whether the ectoparasite Demodex or the Th1 immunity was the proximal cause of the inflammatory skin disease, STAT6/CD28(-/-) mice were treated with a miticide that eliminated the ectoparasites. This treatment markedly reduced the severity of the dermatitis and the associated lymphoid infiltrates. These findings suggest that ubiquitous ectoparasites, which are generally considered to be commensal, may contribute to disease when specific molecules required for an effective Th2 response are blocked. JF - Infection and immunity AU - Liu, Qian AU - Arseculeratne, Cristin AU - Liu, Zhugong AU - Whitmire, Jeannette AU - Grusby, Michael J AU - Finkelman, Fred D AU - Darling, Thomas N AU - Cheever, Allen W AU - Swearengen, James AU - Urban, Joseph F AU - Gause, William C AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - July 2004 SP - 3706 EP - 3715 VL - 72 IS - 7 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Antigens, CD28 KW - 0 KW - Insecticides KW - STAT6 Transcription Factor KW - Stat6 protein, mouse KW - Trans-Activators KW - Index Medicus KW - Acanthosis Nigricans -- drug therapy KW - Animals KW - Inflammation -- genetics KW - Mice KW - Nippostrongylus -- immunology KW - Strongylida Infections -- immunology KW - Inflammation -- etiology KW - Chronic Disease KW - Inflammation -- metabolism KW - Genetic Predisposition to Disease KW - Mite Infestations -- drug therapy KW - Th2 Cells -- immunology KW - Insecticides -- pharmacology KW - Mites -- drug effects KW - Trans-Activators -- metabolism KW - Antigens, CD28 -- genetics KW - Trans-Activators -- deficiency KW - Skin Diseases -- immunology KW - Trans-Activators -- genetics KW - Ectoparasitic Infestations -- immunology KW - Skin Diseases -- genetics KW - Skin Diseases -- parasitology KW - Ectoparasitic Infestations -- metabolism KW - Antigens, CD28 -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66647062?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+immunity&rft.atitle=Simultaneous+deficiency+in+CD28+and+STAT6+results+in+chronic+ectoparasite-induced+inflammatory+skin+disease.&rft.au=Liu%2C+Qian%3BArseculeratne%2C+Cristin%3BLiu%2C+Zhugong%3BWhitmire%2C+Jeannette%3BGrusby%2C+Michael+J%3BFinkelman%2C+Fred+D%3BDarling%2C+Thomas+N%3BCheever%2C+Allen+W%3BSwearengen%2C+James%3BUrban%2C+Joseph+F%3BGause%2C+William+C&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Qian&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=3706&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-08-06 N1 - Date created - 2004-06-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Immunol. 2000 Mar 1;164(5):2303-10 [10679064] Immunity. 1998 Feb;8(2):255-64 [9492006] J Immunol. 2000 Apr 15;164(8):4250-6 [10754322] Immunity. 2000 Apr;12(4):431-40 [10795741] J Dermatol Sci. 2001 Jan;25(1):20-8 [11154860] Br J Dermatol. 2001 Jan;144(1):139-42 [11167695] J Immunol. 2001 May 1;166(9):5439-47 [11313381] J Invest Dermatol. 2001 Oct;117(4):977-83 [11676841] J Immunol. 1983 Jan;130(1):350-6 [6600186] Lancet. 1991 May 11;337(8750):1168 [1674048] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Jul 1;88(13):5513-7 [2062833] J Cutan Pathol. 1998 Nov;25(10):550-2 [9870674] Eur J Immunol. 1999 Jan;29(1):311-6 [9933113] J Immunol. 1999 Apr 1;162(7):4133-9 [10201938] J Immunol. 1999 Jul 1;163(1):337-42 [10384133] J Fr Ophtalmol. 1999 May;22(5):525-7 [10417910] J Immunol. 1991 Oct 1;147(7):2391-7 [1717559] Nature. 1992 Apr 16;356(6370):604-7 [1560843] J Immunol. 1994 Nov 1;153(9):4142-8 [7523517] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Sep 27;91(20):9402-6 [7937778] Immunity. 1996 Mar;4(3):313-9 [8624821] Annu Rev Immunol. 1996;14:233-58 [8717514] J Immunol. 1997 Jan 15;158(2):658-65 [8992981] J Exp Med. 1996 Sep 1;184(3):803-10 [9064340] J Immunol. 1997 May 1;158(9):4082-7 [9126966] Annu Rev Immunol. 1997;15:505-33 [9143698] Immunity. 1997 May;6(5):559-69 [9175834] Dermatology. 1997;195(3):232-4 [9407168] J Immunol. 2000 Mar 15;164(6):3047-55 [10706693] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional Implications of Shi'a Revival in Iraq AN - 60679110; 200420920 AB - The Shi'a-Sunni competition for power is not just the single greatest determinant of stability in post-Saddam Iraq. The sectarian struggle will have the single greatest influence on the future of peace & stability from South Asia to the Levant. Adapted from the source document. JF - The Washington Quarterly AU - Nasr, Vali AD - Dept National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - July 2004 SP - 7 EP - 24 VL - 27 IS - 3 SN - 0163-660X, 0163-660X KW - Sectarianism KW - Political Power KW - Iraq KW - article KW - 9105: politics; national-level politics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60679110?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Regional+Implications+of+Shi%27a+Revival+in+Iraq&rft.au=Nasr%2C+Vali&rft.aulast=Nasr&rft.aufirst=Vali&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Washington+Quarterly&rft.issn=0163660X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Iraq; Political Power; Sectarianism ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Jordan's New "Political Development" Strategy AN - 59731460; 200700845 AB - Examines efforts of the regime in Jordan to build a base of long-term support while avoiding substantive political liberalization under the guise of democratization. Attention is given to the Political Development Ministry, discussing its pursuit of an opposition to the regime & its focus on youth education & women's political representation & work in rural export zones in the form of quasi-official organizations. These endeavors are designed to foster children who obey laws & advancing women as ostensible symbols of progress & modernity while they are in fact a front for retribalization policy. The latter will ensure that subordinate & detached political parties remain unthreatening to the regime, while the organizations' link to the state undermines their capacity to cultivate democracy. J. Zendejas JF - Administration AU - Baylouny, Anne Marie AD - Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - July 2004 SP - 40 EP - 43 PB - Institute of Public Administration, Dublin, Ireland VL - 52 IS - 2 SN - 0001-8325, 0001-8325 KW - Jordan KW - Democracy KW - Political Development KW - article KW - 9221: politics and society; politics and society UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59731460?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Administration&rft.atitle=Jordan%27s+New+%22Political+Development%22+Strategy&rft.au=Baylouny%2C+Anne+Marie&rft.aulast=Baylouny&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=40&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Administration&rft.issn=00018325&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Jordan; Democracy; Political Development ER - TY - JOUR T1 - HF radar data assimilation in the Monterey Bay area AN - 51740904; 2005-023183 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Paduan, Jeffrey D AU - Shulman, Igor AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - July 2004 SP - 17 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 109 IS - C7 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - United States KW - East Pacific KW - currents KW - ocean circulation KW - numerical models KW - Northeast Pacific KW - statistical analysis KW - data processing KW - radar methods KW - ocean currents KW - California KW - North Pacific KW - Monterey Bay KW - Pacific Ocean KW - coastal environment KW - bathymetry KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51740904?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=HF+radar+data+assimilation+in+the+Monterey+Bay+area&rft.au=Paduan%2C+Jeffrey+D%3BShulman%2C+Igor%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Paduan&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=C7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003JC001949 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bathymetry; California; coastal environment; currents; data processing; East Pacific; Monterey Bay; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; numerical models; ocean circulation; ocean currents; Pacific Ocean; radar methods; statistical analysis; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JC001949 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Functional Analysis of the Streptococcus gordonii DL1 Sialic Acid- Binding Adhesin and Its Essential Role in Bacterial Binding to Platelets AN - 17982550; 5939646 AB - Bacterial recognition of host sialic acid-containing receptors plays an important role in microbial colonization of the human oral cavity. The sialic acid-binding adhesin of Streptococcus gordonii DL1 was previously associated with the hsa gene encoding a 203-kDa protein. The predicted protein sequence consists of an N-terminal nonrepetitive region (NR1), including a signal sequence, a relatively short serine-rich region (SR1), a second nonrepetitive region (NR2), a long serine-rich region (SR2) containing 113 dodecapeptide repeats, and a C-terminal cell wall anchoring domain. In the present study, the contributions of SR1, NR2, and SR2 to Hsa-mediated adhesion were assessed by genetic complementation. Adhesion of an hsa chromosomal deletion mutant to sialic acid-containing receptors was restored by plasmids containing hsa constructs encoding Hsa that lacked either the N- or C-terminal portion of SR2. In contrast, hsa constructs that lacked the coding sequences for SR1, NR2, or the entire SR2 region failed to restore adhesion. Surface expression of recombinant Hsa was not affected by removal of SR1, NR2, or a portion of SR2 but was greatly reduced by complete removal of SR2. Wheat germ agglutinin, a probe for Hsa-specific glycosylation, reacted with recombinant Hsa lacking SR1, NR2, or SR2 but not with recombinant Hsa lacking both SR1 and SR2. Significantly, the aggregation of human platelets by S. gordonii DL1, an interaction implicated in the pathogenesis of infective endocarditis, required the expression of hsa. Moreover, neuraminidase treatment of the platelets eliminated this interaction, further supporting the hypothesis that Hsa plays an essential role in the bacterium-platelet interaction. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Takahashi, Y AU - Yajima, A AU - Cisar, JO AU - Konishi, K AD - Department of Microbiology, The Nippon Dental University School of Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan, biseibut@tky.ndu.ac.jp Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - Jul 2004 SP - 3876 EP - 3882 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 72 IS - 7 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts KW - HSA gene KW - Adhesins KW - Deletion mutant KW - Receptors KW - Plasmids KW - Oral cavity KW - Colonization KW - Streptococcus gordonii KW - Platelets KW - HSA protein KW - Sialic acids KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics KW - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17982550?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Functional+Analysis+of+the+Streptococcus+gordonii+DL1+Sialic+Acid-+Binding+Adhesin+and+Its+Essential+Role+in+Bacterial+Binding+to+Platelets&rft.au=Takahashi%2C+Y%3BYajima%2C+A%3BCisar%2C+JO%3BKonishi%2C+K&rft.aulast=Takahashi&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=3876&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FIAI.72.7.3876-3882.2004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Streptococcus gordonii; Adhesins; Platelets; Receptors; Sialic acids; Colonization; Oral cavity; HSA gene; HSA protein; Deletion mutant; Plasmids DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.72.7.3876-3882.2004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - IgA immune complex blunts the contraction of cultured mesangial cells through the inhibition of protein kinase C and intracellular calcium. AN - 66967682; 15481790 AB - The effects of IgA immune complex (IgA-IC) on the contractile function of cultured mesangial cells were measured by the changes in planar surface area in response to treatment with agonists. Incubation of mesangial cells with IgA-IC for 24 hours significantly decreased the contractile responses to angiotensin II (10(-6) M) and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, 10(-6) M). Pretreatment of mesangial cells with the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, chelerythrine (10(-6) M), eliminated the difference in contractile responses to angiotensin II or PMA between the control and IgA-IC groups indicating IgA-IC may inhibit the activity of PKC. The contractile responses to ionomycin were not significantly different between IgA-IC treated and control mesangial cells, suggesting that the contractile machinery is not impaired by IgA-IC. Intracellular calcium, [Ca2+]i measured by changes in fura-2 level in response to ATP or bradykinin, was significantly inhibited in IgA-IC treated mesangial cells, compared to control cells. In contrast, treatment with thapsigargin did not result in significant differences in [Ca2+]i between IgA-IC and control mesangial cells, suggesting that a negligible role of endoplasmic reticulum in the effects of IgA-IC. Using PKC specific antibodies, IgA-IC significantly increased the particulate fraction of PKC-iota of mesangial cells to 141+/-13% of control, without significantly changing the protein content of PKC-alpha, -delta and -lambda in the cytosolic and particulate fractions. In summary, IgA-IC inhibits the contractile responses of cultured mesangial cells to agonists by inhibiting the activation of PKC and [Ca2+]i. JF - The Chinese journal of physiology AU - Jin, Jong-Shiaw AU - Yao, Chen-Wen AU - Ka, Shuk-Man AU - Chin, Ting-Yu AU - Chueh, Sheau-Huei AU - Lee, Herng-Sheng AU - Sheu, Lai-Fa AU - Lin, Yeh-Feng AU - Lee, Wei-Hwa AU - Chen, Ann AD - Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, National Defense University, Taipei (114), Taiwan, Republic of China. jsjin@ndmctsgh.edu.tw Y1 - 2004/06/30/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Jun 30 SP - 79 EP - 87 VL - 47 IS - 2 SN - 0304-4920, 0304-4920 KW - Alkaloids KW - 0 KW - Benzophenanthridines KW - Enzyme Activators KW - Enzyme Inhibitors KW - Immunoglobulin A KW - Ionophores KW - Isoenzymes KW - Phenanthridines KW - Tetrazolium Salts KW - Thiazoles KW - Angiotensin II KW - 11128-99-7 KW - Ionomycin KW - 56092-81-0 KW - chelerythrine KW - E3B045W6X0 KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - thiazolyl blue KW - EUY85H477I KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Immunoblotting KW - Mice KW - Ionomycin -- pharmacology KW - Enzyme Activators -- pharmacology KW - Angiotensin II -- pharmacology KW - Isoenzymes -- metabolism KW - Cell Size -- drug effects KW - Isoenzymes -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Ionophores -- pharmacology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Muscle Contraction -- drug effects KW - Phenanthridines -- pharmacology KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Protein Kinase C -- metabolism KW - Protein Kinase C -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Glomerular Mesangium -- enzymology KW - Immunoglobulin A -- pharmacology KW - Glomerular Mesangium -- cytology KW - Glomerular Mesangium -- drug effects KW - Enzyme Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Calcium -- antagonists & inhibitors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66967682?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Chinese+journal+of+physiology&rft.atitle=IgA+immune+complex+blunts+the+contraction+of+cultured+mesangial+cells+through+the+inhibition+of+protein+kinase+C+and+intracellular+calcium.&rft.au=Jin%2C+Jong-Shiaw%3BYao%2C+Chen-Wen%3BKa%2C+Shuk-Man%3BChin%2C+Ting-Yu%3BChueh%2C+Sheau-Huei%3BLee%2C+Herng-Sheng%3BSheu%2C+Lai-Fa%3BLin%2C+Yeh-Feng%3BLee%2C+Wei-Hwa%3BChen%2C+Ann&rft.aulast=Jin&rft.aufirst=Jong-Shiaw&rft.date=2004-06-30&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Chinese+journal+of+physiology&rft.issn=03044920&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-02-15 N1 - Date created - 2004-10-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Erratum In: Chin J Physiol. 2004 Sep 30;47(3):160 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Muscular dystrophy: from pathogenesis to strategy. AN - 66962067; 15478675 AB - Muscular dystrophies are a genetically heterogeneous group of degenerative muscle disorders. It characterized by progressive muscle wasting and weakness of variable distribution and severity. There are several subgroups including Duchenne/Becker, fascioscapulohumeral, limb-girdle, oculopharngeal, and congenital muscular dystrophy. Diagnosis is dependent to the characteristic clinical features in distribution of predominant muscle weakness, disease course and age onset as well as variable serum concentration creatine kinase, muscle histology, and genetic inheritance. Nearly 30 genes and encoded proteins are known to give rise to various forms of muscular dystrophy. Development of new prospects therapy for the muscular dystrophies is a big challenge. The target of strategies is aimed at inducing of a functional protein and improving the function of muscle weakness. These strategies include gene, cell and pharmacological therapies. However, efficiency of systemic delivery vectors to targets, immune reaction to vector and gene products, and toxicity to vector that must be solved before an effective treatment is available. JF - Acta neurologica Taiwanica AU - Hsu, Yaw-Don AD - Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, National Defense University, Taipei, Taiwan. hsu1487@mail.tsghndmc.edu.tw Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 50 EP - 58 VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 1028-768X, 1028-768X KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Muscular Dystrophies -- therapy KW - Genetic Therapy -- methods KW - Muscular Dystrophies -- genetics KW - Muscular Dystrophies -- diagnosis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66962067?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+neurologica+Taiwanica&rft.atitle=Muscular+dystrophy%3A+from+pathogenesis+to+strategy.&rft.au=Hsu%2C+Yaw-Don&rft.aulast=Hsu&rft.aufirst=Yaw-Don&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=50&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Acta+neurologica+Taiwanica&rft.issn=1028768X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-12-30 N1 - Date created - 2004-10-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Friendship and Advice Networks in the Context of Changing Professional Values AN - 60519418; 200509171 AB - In this article, I discuss the attributes of friendship & advice networks & hypothesize about their roles in maintaining & changing professional values. Advice networks sustain existing professional values in organizations. They are less likely to transmit new values because advice relations reflect current practice & may be negatively affected by changing values. Friendships rest on intimacy & trust rather than on existing task structures, so they can facilitate the development of new professional values without negatively affecting the friendship network. A longitudinal study of networks & teaching values in four public schools documented an initial alignment of advisors' & advisees' teaching values, followed by transmission of new teaching values through the friendship network. Changing professional values altered the advice network but did not affect the friendship network. 7 Tables, 63 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Administrative Science Quarterly AU - Gibbons, Deborah E AD - Graduate School Business & Public Policy, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA degibbon@nps.edu Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 238 EP - 262 VL - 49 IS - 2 SN - 0001-8392, 0001-8392 KW - Work Values KW - Friendship KW - Public Schools KW - Advisors KW - Social Networks KW - Teachers KW - article KW - 0665: complex organization; social network analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60519418?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Administrative+Science+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Friendship+and+Advice+Networks+in+the+Context+of+Changing+Professional+Values&rft.au=Gibbons%2C+Deborah+E&rft.aulast=Gibbons&rft.aufirst=Deborah&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=238&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Administrative+Science+Quarterly&rft.issn=00018392&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 62 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - ASCQAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Social Networks; Friendship; Advisors; Work Values; Public Schools; Teachers ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strategic Implications of the Iraq Insurgency AN - 59888664; 200501049 AB - The stakes for the US in the Iraq insurgency have grown since the end of major combat operations was declared more than a year ago, & it becomes steadily more difficult to maintain that it is fighting a few disaffected criminals, former regime loyalists, & terrorists. While each of these groups may be included in the various insurgent groups, the US is now dealing with an insurgency that appears entrenched & increasingly well organized amidst what is an at best ambivalent population that likes the fact that Saddam is gone but also now increasingly views the US as an occupying force & wants it gone. The US now faces a daunting task in trying to regain the strategic initiative -- indeed it may be impossible at this point. But as a critical first step, planners must come to a realistic appraisal of the nature of the security environment inside Iraq at the tactical, operational, & strategic levels. After this appraisal, policy & military options can be realistically evaluated & measured in the context of available resources. Adapted from the source document. JF - MERIA: Middle East Review of International Affairs AU - Russell, James A AD - Dept National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 48 EP - 55 VL - 8 IS - 2 SN - 1565-8996, 1565-8996 KW - Security KW - Military Strategy KW - War KW - Rebellions KW - United States of America KW - Counterinsurgency KW - Iraq KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59888664?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MERIA%3A+Middle+East+Review+of+International+Affairs&rft.atitle=Strategic+Implications+of+the+Iraq+Insurgency&rft.au=Russell%2C+James+A&rft.aulast=Russell&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=48&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=MERIA%3A+Middle+East+Review+of+International+Affairs&rft.issn=15658996&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meria.idc.ac.il/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Iraq; Rebellions; Counterinsurgency; War; United States of America; Security; Military Strategy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Late Pleistocene Mylodont Sloth Paramylodon Harlani (Mammalia: Xenarthra) From Arizona AN - 20847907; 6052800 AB - The late Pleistocene ground sloth Paramylodon harlani was widely distributed across North America, but it is represented in Arizona by only 2 records. These include a nearly complete skeleton from the Richville Gravels near Springerville, Apache County, and a second partial skeleton from Shonto, Navajo County. Both specimens are from reportedly lacustrine deposits and suggest that the species was not adapted to xeric conditions. Thus, its distribution in the Southwest and potential for dispersal might have been determined by the presence of permanent water sources. JF - Southwestern Naturalist AU - McDonald, H G AU - Agenbroad, L D AU - Haden, C M AD - Geologic Resources Division, National Park Service, P.O. Box 25287, Denver, CO 80225, Greg_McDonald@nps.gov Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - Jun 2004 SP - 229 EP - 238 PB - Southwestern Association of Naturalists VL - 49 IS - 2 SN - 0038-4909, 0038-4909 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Deposits KW - Xenarthra KW - Mammalia KW - Dispersal KW - Paramylodon harlani KW - D 04050:Paleoecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20847907?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Southwestern+Naturalist&rft.atitle=Late+Pleistocene+Mylodont+Sloth+Paramylodon+Harlani+%28Mammalia%3A+Xenarthra%29+From+Arizona&rft.au=McDonald%2C+H+G%3BAgenbroad%2C+L+D%3BHaden%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=McDonald&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=229&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Southwestern+Naturalist&rft.issn=00384909&rft_id=info:doi/10.1894%2F0038-4909%282004%290492.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=0038-4909&volume=49&page=229 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Paramylodon harlani; Xenarthra; Mammalia; Deposits; Dispersal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1894/0038-4909(2004)049<0229:LPMSPH>2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phenotyping and Genotyping of the Ryanodine Receptor-Associated Genetic Diseases Using Peripheral Lymphocytes AN - 19932710; 6538749 AB - Mutations in the genes encoding the ryanodine receptor, a Ca2+ release channel, cause autosomal-dominant diseases of skeletal and cardiac muscle such as malignant hyperthermia (MH), central core disease (CCD), catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) and arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia Type 2 (ARVD2). Although some of these have congenital myopathies, these ryanodine receptor diseases are all pharmacogenetic. Difficulty in phenotyping and genotyping has significantly slowed the progress in clinical and basic research of these genetic diseases. Interestingly, skeletal muscle type (Type 1, RyR1) and cardiac muscle type (Type 2, RyR2) of the ryanodine receptors are expressed in peripheral B and T lymphocytes, respectively. RyR1-mediated Ca2+ response in B cells has been used to develop a non-invasive test to predict susceptibility to MH and CCD. Converging lines of evidence now suggest that RyR1-mediated calcium phenotype in B cells or Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B lymphoblasts reflect the RyR1-mediated phenotype in MHS / CCD muscle. Similarly, RyR2 expressed in T cells is available to study CPVT / FPVT and ARVD2. Therefore, a ryanodine receptor gene-based system that integrates information from cells, transcripts and proteins can be developed using peripheral lymphocytes to study and diagnose the ryanodine receptor diseases. Use of genes expressed in lymphocytes can be extended and applied to other genetic diseases based on functional genomics. JF - Current Pharmacogenomics AU - Sei, Y AU - Muldoon, S M AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - Jun 2004 SP - 203 EP - 208 VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 1570-1603, 1570-1603 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Lymphocytes B KW - Central core disease KW - Tachycardia KW - Genotyping KW - Malignant hyperthermia KW - Cardiac muscle KW - Pharmacogenetics KW - Phenotyping KW - right ventricular dysplasia KW - Ryanodine receptors KW - Calcium release channels KW - Lymphoblasts KW - Lymphocytes T KW - Skeletal muscle KW - genomics KW - Mutation KW - Information systems KW - Myopathy KW - G 07720:Immunogenetics KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - F 06950:Immunogenetics, MHC, HLA KW - W3 33130:Genetic based (PCR, etc.) KW - V 22370:Oncology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19932710?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Pharmacogenomics&rft.atitle=Phenotyping+and+Genotyping+of+the+Ryanodine+Receptor-Associated+Genetic+Diseases+Using+Peripheral+Lymphocytes&rft.au=Sei%2C+Y%3BMuldoon%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Sei&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+Pharmacogenomics&rft.issn=15701603&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lymphocytes B; Genotyping; Tachycardia; Central core disease; Malignant hyperthermia; Cardiac muscle; Pharmacogenetics; Phenotyping; Ryanodine receptors; right ventricular dysplasia; Calcium release channels; Lymphoblasts; Lymphocytes T; Skeletal muscle; genomics; Mutation; Myopathy; Information systems ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - GIS-based locational analyses of native American settlement systems: An example from the late prehistoric Chesapeake AN - 39867643; 3849015 AU - Harmon, J Y1 - 2004/05/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 20 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39867643?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=GIS-based+locational+analyses+of+native+American+settlement+systems%3A+An+example+from+the+late+prehistoric+Chesapeake&rft.au=Harmon%2C+J&rft.aulast=Harmon&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Association of Geographers, 1710 Sixteenth Street NW, Washington, DC 20009-3198, USA; phone: 202-234-1450; fax: 202-234-2744; URL: www.aag.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells: a model system for studying biosynthesis of NAAG. AN - 71913154; 15129167 AB - N-Acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG) is a neuropeptide that is thought to modulate neurotransmitter release through pre-synaptic mGluR3 receptors. Despite years of research into NAAG biochemistry, almost nothing is known about NAAG biosynthesis. To date, NAAG biosynthesis has only been demonstrated conclusively in explanted animal neural tissues, including frog retina, rat dorsal root ganglia and crayfish nerve cord, but not in human cells or tissues. We show here that a human neuroblastoma cell line, SH-SY5Y, provides a good model system for the study of NAAG biosynthesis. Radiolabled NAAG synthesis occurred using both L-[3H]glutamic acid and L-[3H]glutamine as precursors, with glutamine being the preferred substrate. Differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells with retinoic acid resulted in decreased radiolabel incorporation into NAAG, whereas differentiation with nerve growth factor did not affect radiolabel incorporation. Copyright 2004 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins JF - Neuroreport AU - Arun, Peethambaran AU - Madhavarao, Chikkathur N AU - Hershfield, Jeremy R AU - Moffett, John R AU - Namboodiri, M A Aryan AD - Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2004/05/19/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 19 SP - 1167 EP - 1170 VL - 15 IS - 7 SN - 0959-4965, 0959-4965 KW - Dipeptides KW - 0 KW - Glutamine KW - 0RH81L854J KW - isospaglumic acid KW - 1W8M12WXYL KW - Index Medicus KW - Glutamine -- pharmacology KW - Humans KW - Cell Line, Tumor KW - Dipeptides -- biosynthesis KW - Neuroblastoma -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71913154?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuroreport&rft.atitle=SH-SY5Y+neuroblastoma+cells%3A+a+model+system+for+studying+biosynthesis+of+NAAG.&rft.au=Arun%2C+Peethambaran%3BMadhavarao%2C+Chikkathur+N%3BHershfield%2C+Jeremy+R%3BMoffett%2C+John+R%3BNamboodiri%2C+M+A+Aryan&rft.aulast=Arun&rft.aufirst=Peethambaran&rft.date=2004-05-19&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuroreport&rft.issn=09594965&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-07-27 N1 - Date created - 2004-05-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Membrane Anchoring of the AgrD N-terminal Amphipathic Region Is Required for Its Processing to Produce a Quorum-sensing Pheromone in Staphylococcus aureus AN - 17748976; 5897019 AB - Quorum-sensing pheromones are signal molecules that are secreted from Gram- positive bacteria and utilized by these bacteria to communicate among individual cells to regulate their activities as a group through a cell density-sensing mechanism. Typically, these pheromones are processed from precursor polypeptides. The mechanisms of trafficking, processing, and modification of the precursor to generate a mature pheromone are unclear. In Staphylococcus aureus, AgrD is the propeptide for an autoinducing peptide (AIP) pheromone that triggers the Agr cell density-sensing system upon reaching a threshold and subsequently regulates expression of virulence factor genes. The transmembrane protein AgrB, encoded in the agr locus, is necessary for the processing of AgrD to produce mature AIP; however, it is not clear how AgrD interacts with AgrB and how this interaction results in the generation of mature AIP. In this study, we found that the AgrD propeptide was integrated into the cytoplasmic membrane by a conserved alpha -helical amphipathic motif in its N-terminal region. We demonstrated that membrane targeting of AgrD by this motif was required for the stabilization of AgrD and the production of mature AIP, although this region was not specifically involved in the interaction with AgrB. An artificial amphipathic peptide replacing the N-terminal amphipathic motif of AgrD directed the protein to the cytoplasmic membrane and enabled the production of AIP. Analysis of Bacillus ComX precursor protein sequences suggested that the amphipathic membrane-targeting motif might also exist in pheromone precursors of other Gram-positive bacteria. JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry AU - Zhang, L AU - Lin, J AU - Ji, G AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, gji@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2004/05/07/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 07 SP - 19448 EP - 19456 PB - American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 9650 Rockville Pike Bethesda MD 20814-3996 USA, [mailto:asbmb@asbmb.faseb.org], [URL:http://www.jbc.org] VL - 279 IS - 19 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - AgrD protein KW - ComX precursor protein KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - virulence factors KW - Pheromones KW - Gram-positive bacteria KW - Cytoplasmic membranes KW - Membrane proteins KW - Staphylococcus aureus KW - Bacillus KW - J 02721:Cell cycle, morphology and motility UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17748976?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Membrane+Anchoring+of+the+AgrD+N-terminal+Amphipathic+Region+Is+Required+for+Its+Processing+to+Produce+a+Quorum-sensing+Pheromone+in+Staphylococcus+aureus&rft.au=Zhang%2C+L%3BLin%2C+J%3BJi%2C+G&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2004-05-07&rft.volume=279&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=19448&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/10.1074%2Fjbc.M311349200 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Staphylococcus aureus; Bacillus; Pheromones; Cytoplasmic membranes; Gram-positive bacteria; Membrane proteins; virulence factors DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M311349200 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating the role of cutting treatments, fire and soil seed banks in an experimental framework in ponderosa pine forests of the Black Hills, South Dakota AN - 18013046; 5953861 AB - Pinus ponderosa Laws. (ponderosa pine) forests have changed considerably during the past century, partly because recurrent fires have been absent for a century or more. A number of studies have explored the influence of timber harvest or burning on understory production in ponderosa pine forests, but study designs incorporating cutting and prescribed burning in an experimental framework are needed to identify mechanisms responsible for the observed changes. In this study, we first characterized the disturbance history and the soil seed bank of a ponderosa pine stand in the northern Black Hills. We then experimentally addressed the effects of prescribed burning and overstory reduction on understory vegetation. Before Anglo settlement of the area, the mean fire interval was 14 years and no fires were recorded after 1879. Cessation of fires, prolific regeneration of ponderosa pine, and subsequent logging in 1903 has led to a very dense, even-aged ponderosa pine stand with very little understory vegetation and very few viable seeds in the soil seed bank. Only 57 individual plants, or 186seeds/m super(2), emerged from 1080 soil samples. Response of understory vegetation during the first growing season after application of treatments was sparse, with no significant treatment effect. There were, however, significant treatment effects during the second growing season. Total understory biomass ranged from 5.8kg/ha on untreated plots to 1724kg/ha on clearcut, unburned plots. Herbaceous dicots comprised over 90% of total understory biomass. Both understory species richness and evenness responded to treatments, but understory woody plant density did not respond to either treatment. Paucity of viable seeds in the soil seed bank does not appear to constrain recruitment of understory vegetation in dense ponderosa pine forests of South Dakota. JF - Forest Ecology and Management AU - Wienk, CL AU - Sieg, CH AU - McPherson, G R AD - School of Renewable Natural Resources, University of Arizona, 325 BSE, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA, cody_wienk@nps.gov Y1 - 2004/05/06/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 06 SP - 375 EP - 393 PB - Elsevier B.V. VL - 192 IS - 2-3 SN - 0378-1127, 0378-1127 KW - Ponderosa Pine KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - USA, South Dakota KW - Forest management KW - Fires KW - Seed banks KW - Pinus ponderosa KW - Vegetation KW - Disturbance KW - Burning KW - Biomass KW - Species richness KW - Understory KW - D 04700:Management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18013046?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.atitle=Evaluating+the+role+of+cutting+treatments%2C+fire+and+soil+seed+banks+in+an+experimental+framework+in+ponderosa+pine+forests+of+the+Black+Hills%2C+South+Dakota&rft.au=Wienk%2C+CL%3BSieg%2C+CH%3BMcPherson%2C+G+R&rft.aulast=Wienk&rft.aufirst=CL&rft.date=2004-05-06&rft.volume=192&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=375&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.issn=03781127&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.foreco.2004.02.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pinus ponderosa; USA, South Dakota; Understory; Fires; Vegetation; Seed banks; Burning; Biomass; Species richness; Forest management; Disturbance DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2004.02.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-term Efficacy of BCG Vaccine in American Indians and Alaska Natives: A 60-Year Follow-up Study AN - 18049286; 5959044 AB - The duration of protection from tuberculosis of BCG vaccines is not known. To determine the long-term duration of protection of a BCG vaccine that was previously found to be efficacious. Retrospective record review using Indian Health Service records, tuberculosis registries, death certificates, and supplemental interviews with trial participants. Follow-up for the period 1948-1998 among American Indians and Alaska Natives who participated in a placebo-controlled BCG vaccine trial during 1935-1938 and who were still at risk of developing tuberculosis. Data from 1483 participants in the BCG vaccine group and 1309 in the placebo group were analyzed. Efficacy of BCG vaccine, calculated for each 10-year interval using a Cox regression model with time-dependent variables based on tuberculosis events occurring after December 31, 1947 (end of prospective case finding). The overall incidence of tuberculosis was 66 and 138 cases per 100000 person-years in the BCG vaccine and placebo groups, respectively, for an estimate of vaccine efficacy of 52% (95% confidence interval, 27%-69%). Adjustments for age at vaccination, tribe, subsequent BCG vaccination, chronic medical illness, isoniazid use, and bacille Calmette-Guerin strain did not substantially affect vaccine efficacy. There was slight but not statistically significant waning of the efficacy of BCG vaccination over time, greater among men than women. In this trial, BCG vaccine efficacy persisted for 50 to 60 years, suggesting that a single dose of an effective BCG vaccine can have a long duration of protection. JF - Journal of the American Medical Association AU - Aronson, N E AU - Santosham, M AU - Comstock, G W AU - Howard, R S AU - Moulton, L H AU - Rhoades, E R AU - Harrison, L H AD - Department of Medicine, Infectious Disease Division, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA Y1 - 2004/05/05/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 05 SP - 2086 EP - 2091 VL - 291 IS - 17 SN - 0098-7484, 0098-7484 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Tuberculosis KW - Vaccines KW - Ethnic groups KW - Mycobacterium tuberculosis KW - J 02834:Vaccination and immunization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18049286?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Medical+Association&rft.atitle=Long-term+Efficacy+of+BCG+Vaccine+in+American+Indians+and+Alaska+Natives%3A+A+60-Year+Follow-up+Study&rft.au=Aronson%2C+N+E%3BSantosham%2C+M%3BComstock%2C+G+W%3BHoward%2C+R+S%3BMoulton%2C+L+H%3BRhoades%2C+E+R%3BHarrison%2C+L+H&rft.aulast=Aronson&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2004-05-05&rft.volume=291&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=2086&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Medical+Association&rft.issn=00987484&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Vaccines; Tuberculosis; Ethnic groups ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Therapy for nerve agent poisoning. AN - 71925851; 15148139 AB - Neurologists need to familiarize themselves with nerve agents, the most toxic of the chemical warfare agents. Their mode of action lies within the nervous system, and nonneurologists will look to neurologists for expert advice on therapy. These agents cause rapid-onset cholinergic crisis amenable to prompt treatment with specific antidotes. Experience on the battlefield and in terrorist attacks demonstrates that therapy saves lives. JF - Archives of neurology AU - Newmark, Jonathan AD - Department of Neurology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA. Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 649 EP - 652 VL - 61 IS - 5 SN - 0003-9942, 0003-9942 KW - Antidotes KW - 0 KW - Chemical Warfare Agents KW - Neurotoxins KW - Organophosphates KW - Organothiophosphorus Compounds KW - Pralidoxime Compounds KW - Atropine KW - 7C0697DR9I KW - Soman KW - 96-64-0 KW - VX KW - 9A4381183B KW - Sarin KW - B4XG72QGFM KW - Pyridostigmine Bromide KW - KVI301NA53 KW - pralidoxime KW - P7MU9UTP52 KW - tabun KW - S45M750QSH KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Soman -- poisoning KW - Organophosphates -- chemistry KW - Organophosphate Poisoning KW - Humans KW - Soman -- chemistry KW - Sarin -- chemistry KW - Pralidoxime Compounds -- therapeutic use KW - Organothiophosphorus Compounds -- chemistry KW - Sarin -- poisoning KW - Organothiophosphorus Compounds -- poisoning KW - Pyridostigmine Bromide -- therapeutic use KW - Atropine -- therapeutic use KW - Neurotoxicity Syndromes -- therapy KW - Chemical Warfare Agents -- poisoning KW - Neurotoxins -- poisoning KW - Neurotoxicity Syndromes -- physiopathology KW - Chemical Warfare Agents -- chemistry KW - Antidotes -- therapeutic use KW - Neurotoxins -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71925851?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+neurology&rft.atitle=Therapy+for+nerve+agent+poisoning.&rft.au=Newmark%2C+Jonathan&rft.aulast=Newmark&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=649&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+neurology&rft.issn=00039942&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-06-17 N1 - Date created - 2004-05-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enzyme expression profiles suggest the novel tumor-activated fluoropyrimidine carbamate capecitabine (Xeloda) might be effective against papillary thyroid cancers of children and young adults. AN - 71910737; 15132128 AB - The fluoropyrimidine carbamate (capecitabine) is converted to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) by thymidine phosphorylase (TP) inside target tissues. 5-FU interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking thymidylate synthase (TS) but is inactivated by dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD). Favorable enzyme profiles (high TP and low DPD) generate high intratumor levels of 5-FU that are effective against many tumors, especially those with low TS. Capecitabine has not been tested against thyroid cancers, and it is not known to what extent thyroid cancers express TP, TS or DPD. To test this, we determined TP, TS and DPD in 19 thyroid cancers from young patients (14 papillary, 4 follicular, 1 medullary) by immunohistochemistry. After approval by the Human Use Committee, the intensity of TP, TS, and DPD staining was determined by two independent examiners and graded (absent=0 to intense=3) with >90% concordance. TS was detected in 7/19 cancers (37%), TP in 14/19 cancers (74%) and DPD in 14/19 cancers (74%). In six tumors, TP was more intense that DPD, suggesting capecitabine sensitivity. Only five tumors failed to express TP but four of these expressed DPD, suggesting capecitabine resistance. Overall, 6/19 tumors (32% of the total) had a favorable expression profile, and all of them were papillary cancers. We conclude that the majority of differentiated thyroid cancers (74%) express TP and low levels of TS (63% undetectable). The results support the hypothesis that capecitabine is activated in the majority of differentiated thyroid cancers and that 32% have favorable expression of all three enzymes (TP, TS, and DPD). JF - Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology AU - Patel, Aneeta AU - Pluim, Thomas AU - Helms, Amy AU - Bauer, Andrew AU - Tuttle, R Michael AU - Francis, Gary L AD - Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 409 EP - 414 VL - 53 IS - 5 SN - 0344-5704, 0344-5704 KW - Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic KW - 0 KW - Deoxycytidine KW - 0W860991D6 KW - Capecitabine KW - 6804DJ8Z9U KW - Dihydrouracil Dehydrogenase (NADP) KW - EC 1.3.1.2 KW - Thymidylate Synthase KW - EC 2.1.1.45 KW - Thymidine Phosphorylase KW - EC 2.4.2.4 KW - Fluorouracil KW - U3P01618RT KW - Index Medicus KW - Thymidylate Synthase -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Fluorouracil -- analogs & derivatives KW - Adult KW - Child KW - Adolescent KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Dihydrouracil Dehydrogenase (NADP) -- analysis KW - Male KW - Female KW - Thymidine Phosphorylase -- analysis KW - Deoxycytidine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Thyroid Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Deoxycytidine -- therapeutic use KW - Carcinoma, Papillary -- enzymology KW - Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic -- therapeutic use KW - Thyroid Neoplasms -- enzymology KW - Carcinoma, Papillary -- drug therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71910737?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+chemotherapy+and+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Enzyme+expression+profiles+suggest+the+novel+tumor-activated+fluoropyrimidine+carbamate+capecitabine+%28Xeloda%29+might+be+effective+against+papillary+thyroid+cancers+of+children+and+young+adults.&rft.au=Patel%2C+Aneeta%3BPluim%2C+Thomas%3BHelms%2C+Amy%3BBauer%2C+Andrew%3BTuttle%2C+R+Michael%3BFrancis%2C+Gary+L&rft.aulast=Patel&rft.aufirst=Aneeta&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=409&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+chemotherapy+and+pharmacology&rft.issn=03445704&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-05-20 N1 - Date created - 2004-05-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enteric nematodes induce stereotypic STAT6-dependent alterations in intestinal epithelial cell function. AN - 71852659; 15100305 AB - Infection with gastrointestinal nematodes exerts profound effects on both the immune and physiological responses of the host. We showed previously that the Th2 cytokines, IL-4 and IL-13, induce STAT6-dependent changes in intestinal epithelial cell permeability, absorption, and secretion that are similar to those observed in a secondary infection with Heligmosomoides polygyrus. In the current study we investigated whether nematode-induced effects on epithelial cell function were 1) generic, 2) dependent upon STAT6, and 3) attributable to direct effects on the epithelial cells themselves or mediated by effects on enteric nerves. Our results demonstrate that infection of BALB/c mice with three different gastrointestinal nematodes (H. polygyrus, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, and Trichinella spiralis) alters intestinal epithelial cell function by decreasing resistance, glucose absorption, and secretory responses to 5-hydroxytryptamine and acetylcholine, two critical mediators in the submucosal reflex pathway. These modified responses are dependent on STAT6 and are the result of both direct effects and indirect effects mediated through enteric nerves. JF - Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) AU - Madden, Kathleen B AU - Yeung, Karla Au AU - Zhao, Aiping AU - Gause, William C AU - Finkelman, Fred D AU - Katona, Ildy M AU - Urban, Joseph F AU - Shea-Donohue, Terez AD - Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2004/05/01/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 01 SP - 5616 EP - 5621 VL - 172 IS - 9 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - STAT6 Transcription Factor KW - 0 KW - Stat6 protein, mouse KW - Trans-Activators KW - Tetrodotoxin KW - 4368-28-9 KW - Sodium KW - 9NEZ333N27 KW - Glucose KW - IY9XDZ35W2 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Glucose -- metabolism KW - Intestinal Absorption -- immunology KW - Mice KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Trichinella spiralis -- immunology KW - Mice, Knockout KW - Nippostrongylus -- immunology KW - Intestinal Absorption -- genetics KW - Tetrodotoxin -- pharmacology KW - Nematospiroides dubius -- immunology KW - Female KW - Male KW - Sodium -- metabolism KW - Glucose -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic -- pathology KW - Nematode Infections -- pathology KW - Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic -- immunology KW - Trans-Activators -- deficiency KW - Nematode Infections -- physiopathology KW - Intestinal Mucosa -- innervation KW - Intestinal Mucosa -- immunology KW - Cell Membrane Permeability -- physiology KW - Trans-Activators -- genetics KW - Intestinal Mucosa -- pathology KW - Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic -- physiopathology KW - Intestinal Mucosa -- secretion KW - Trans-Activators -- physiology KW - Nematode Infections -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71852659?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.atitle=Enteric+nematodes+induce+stereotypic+STAT6-dependent+alterations+in+intestinal+epithelial+cell+function.&rft.au=Madden%2C+Kathleen+B%3BYeung%2C+Karla+Au%3BZhao%2C+Aiping%3BGause%2C+William+C%3BFinkelman%2C+Fred+D%3BKatona%2C+Ildy+M%3BUrban%2C+Joseph+F%3BShea-Donohue%2C+Terez&rft.aulast=Madden&rft.aufirst=Kathleen&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=172&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=5616&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+immunology+%28Baltimore%2C+Md.+%3A+1950%29&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-08-17 N1 - Date created - 2004-04-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of four methods for sperm preparation for IUI. AN - 66642860; 15204678 AB - We compared the pregnancy rates and sperm characteristics of semen prepared by the albumin, Percoll, Puresperm, and swim-up methods. Semen analysis was performed by a computer-assisted system (CASA). The overall pregnancy rate was 14% per patient and 11% per cycle. The albumin and Percoll methods had the highest pregnancy rates, up to 12% per cycle. We then compared each method with the albumin method. The swim-up technique yielded the highest percentage of motile sperm. The Percoll method yielded statistically significant changes in average path velocity and straight-line velocity, while the Puresperm method revealed the same statistical changes in total concentration and hyperactive motile sperm percentage. After adjusting for age, methods, and CASA estimates, only straight-line velocity was significantly correlated with pregnancy. Although the Percoll method was associated with the best pregnancy rate, this product has been withdrawn from the market because of toxic contamination. Puresperm had replaced it in our laboratory but showed an unsatisfactory pregnancy rate. The swim-up method is the best choice for IUI. JF - Archives of andrology AU - Ren, S-S AU - Sun, G-H AU - Ku, C-H AU - Chen, D-C AU - Wu, G-J AD - National Defense Medical Center, National Defense University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC. PY - 2004 SP - 139 EP - 143 VL - 50 IS - 3 SN - 0148-5016, 0148-5016 KW - Percoll KW - 65455-52-9 KW - Silicon Dioxide KW - 7631-86-9 KW - Povidone KW - 9003-39-8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Centrifugation, Density Gradient KW - Sperm Count KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Pregnancy Rate KW - Insemination, Artificial KW - Semen KW - Sperm Motility KW - Cell Separation -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66642860?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+andrology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+four+methods+for+sperm+preparation+for+IUI.&rft.au=Ren%2C+S-S%3BSun%2C+G-H%3BKu%2C+C-H%3BChen%2C+D-C%3BWu%2C+G-J&rft.aulast=Ren&rft.aufirst=S-S&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+andrology&rft.issn=01485016&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-11-23 N1 - Date created - 2004-06-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - N-palmitoylation of the radioprotective domain of interleukin-1 affords inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide generation. AN - 66638731; 15209355 AB - Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), a cytokine involved in homeostatic processes such as the immune system and inflammatory reactions, is a potent inducer of nitric oxide. The nonapeptide of human IL-1beta (VQGEESNDK, position 163-171, specific radioprotective domain--SRD) has been shown to retain radioprotective, immunostimulatory, and adjuvant activities of the native molecule without any inflammatory and pyrogenic properties. Unlike the parent IL-1, SRD did not induce nitric oxide (NO) in control or irradiated RAW 264.7 cells nor did it affect inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) as shown by ELISA based mRNA assay (Quantikine). A lipophillic derivative of the SRD (a palmitoyl residue at the amino terminus of the SRD) was synthesized (palmitoyl specific radioprotective domain, P-SRD) to find out if this structural derivatization would restore the NO-inducing ability of IL-1. Surprisingly, P-SRD not only did not induce NO, but significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated nitric oxide (NO) production. Quantikine studies indicated that P-SRD also inhibited iNOS in LPS stimulated macrophage cells, suggesting that decrease in NO production in the presence of P-SRD was the result of iNOS mRNA inhibition. These results indicate that N-palmitoylation of SRD may effectively ameliorate potentially fatal symptoms of LPS-induced endotoxemic hypotensive shock associated with IL-1 without inflammatory and pyrogenic toxic side effects. JF - Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology AU - Singh, V K AU - Seed, T M AU - Kumar, K S AD - Radiation Casualty Management Team, Radiation Medicine Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20889-5603, USA. singh@afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 193 EP - 202 VL - 26 IS - 2 SN - 0892-3973, 0892-3973 KW - Interleukin-1 KW - 0 KW - Lipopolysaccharides KW - Peptide Fragments KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Radiation-Protective Agents KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Palmitic Acid KW - 2V16EO95H1 KW - Nitric Oxide KW - 31C4KY9ESH KW - NOS2 protein, human KW - EC 1.14.13.39 KW - Nitric Oxide Synthase KW - Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II KW - Nos2 protein, mouse KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Palmitic Acid -- chemistry KW - Recombinant Proteins -- pharmacology KW - Radiation-Protective Agents -- chemistry KW - Humans KW - Shock, Septic -- etiology KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Mice KW - Radiation-Protective Agents -- pharmacology KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Macrophages -- drug effects KW - Macrophages -- radiation effects KW - RNA, Messenger -- metabolism KW - Nitric Oxide Synthase -- genetics KW - Lipopolysaccharides -- toxicity KW - Recombinant Proteins -- chemistry KW - Protein Structure, Tertiary KW - Shock, Septic -- prevention & control KW - Cell Line KW - Macrophages -- metabolism KW - Interleukin-1 -- pharmacology KW - Interleukin-1 -- chemistry KW - Peptide Fragments -- chemistry KW - Peptide Fragments -- pharmacology KW - Nitric Oxide -- biosynthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66638731?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Immunopharmacology+and+immunotoxicology&rft.atitle=N-palmitoylation+of+the+radioprotective+domain+of+interleukin-1+affords+inhibition+of+LPS-induced+nitric+oxide+generation.&rft.au=Singh%2C+V+K%3BSeed%2C+T+M%3BKumar%2C+K+S&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Immunopharmacology+and+immunotoxicology&rft.issn=08923973&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-12-15 N1 - Date created - 2004-06-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - California undercurrent variability and eddy transport estimated from RAFOS float observations AN - 51739183; 2005-021642 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Collins, Curtis A AU - Ivanov, Leonid M AU - Melnichenko, Oleg V AU - Garfield, Newell Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 19 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 109 IS - C5 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - Rossby waves KW - East Pacific KW - currents KW - ocean circulation KW - dispersivity KW - RAFOS floats KW - continental slope KW - Northeast Pacific KW - longshore currents KW - bottom currents KW - ocean currents KW - North Pacific KW - eddies KW - Pacific Ocean KW - ocean waves KW - velocity KW - seasonal variations KW - kinetics KW - California Undercurrent KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51739183?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=California+undercurrent+variability+and+eddy+transport+estimated+from+RAFOS+float+observations&rft.au=Collins%2C+Curtis+A%3BIvanov%2C+Leonid+M%3BMelnichenko%2C+Oleg+V%3BGarfield%2C+Newell&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=Curtis&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=C5&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003JC002191 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bottom currents; California Undercurrent; continental slope; currents; dispersivity; East Pacific; eddies; kinetics; longshore currents; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; ocean circulation; ocean currents; ocean waves; Pacific Ocean; RAFOS floats; Rossby waves; seasonal variations; velocity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JC002191 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Decadal shifts in biophysical forcing of Arctic marine food webs; numerical consequences AN - 51738678; 2005-021630 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Walsh, John J AU - Dieterle, Dwight A AU - Maslowski, Wieslaw AU - Whitledge, Terry E Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 30 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 109 IS - C5 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - silicates KW - salinity KW - plankton KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - phytodetritus KW - quantitative analysis KW - carbon KW - Arctic Ocean KW - organic carbon KW - concentration KW - ocean circulation KW - numerical models KW - food chains KW - three-dimensional models KW - Arctic Oscillation KW - nutrients KW - organic compounds KW - coupled models KW - Chukchi Sea KW - dissolved materials KW - seasonal variations KW - fecal pellets KW - continental shelf KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51738678?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Decadal+shifts+in+biophysical+forcing+of+Arctic+marine+food+webs%3B+numerical+consequences&rft.au=Walsh%2C+John+J%3BDieterle%2C+Dwight+A%3BMaslowski%2C+Wieslaw%3BWhitledge%2C+Terry+E&rft.aulast=Walsh&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=C5&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003JC001945 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 97 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arctic Ocean; Arctic Oscillation; carbon; carbon dioxide; Chukchi Sea; concentration; continental shelf; coupled models; dissolved materials; fecal pellets; food chains; numerical models; nutrients; ocean circulation; organic carbon; organic compounds; phytodetritus; plankton; quantitative analysis; salinity; seasonal variations; silicates; temperature; three-dimensional models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JC001945 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Military deployment human exposure assessment: urine total and isotopic uranium sampling results. AN - 72014908; 15192863 AB - Currently the Department of Defense (DoD) does not use exposure biomarkers to measure service members' exposure to environmental chemicals. Blood and urine exposure biomarkers for volatile organic compounds (VOC), selected heavy metals, depleted uranium (DU), and chemical warfare agents are currently available but have not been field tested or validated by the DoD in military deployments as a tool to document exposures. The Military Deployment Human Exposure Assessment Study, a prospective cohort of 46 soldiers deployed to Bosnia, was designed to field test blood and urine exposure biomarkers as a mechanism to document exposures to these chemicals during military deployments. Blood and urine were collected before, during, and after deployment. Standard questionnaire, environmental, and occupational monitoring data collection methods were conducted for comparison to the exposure biomarker results. This article compares and reports the pre-, during, and postdeployment urine total and isotopic uranium measurements and compares them to perceived exposures captured on questionnaire, to environmental data collected by the United Nations Environmental Program in Bosnia, and to standard U.S. urine uranium reference levels (CDC, 2003). Additionally, the questionnaire and environmental and occupational measurements are reported. The results of the study indicate that exposure biomarkers may be a valuable tool to the DoD in exposure and risk assessment with regard to environmental and occupational exposures to uranium. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A AU - May, Lisa M AU - Heller, Jack AU - Kalinsky, Victor AU - Ejnik, John AU - Cordero, Steve AU - Oberbroekling, Kristi J AU - Long, Thuy T AU - Meakim, Kathryne C AU - Cruess, David AU - Lee, Arthur P AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Room A1044, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA. PY - 2004 SP - 697 EP - 714 VL - 67 IS - 8-10 SN - 1528-7394, 1528-7394 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Uranium KW - 4OC371KSTK KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Urinalysis -- methods KW - Prospective Studies KW - Military Personnel KW - Humans KW - Cohort Studies KW - Surveys and Questionnaires KW - Bosnia and Herzegovina KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Uranium -- urine KW - Hazardous Substances -- blood KW - Uranium -- blood KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Uranium -- toxicity KW - Risk Assessment KW - Hazardous Substances -- urine KW - Hazardous Substances -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72014908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+A&rft.atitle=Military+deployment+human+exposure+assessment%3A+urine+total+and+isotopic+uranium+sampling+results.&rft.au=May%2C+Lisa+M%3BHeller%2C+Jack%3BKalinsky%2C+Victor%3BEjnik%2C+John%3BCordero%2C+Steve%3BOberbroekling%2C+Kristi+J%3BLong%2C+Thuy+T%3BMeakim%2C+Kathryne+C%3BCruess%2C+David%3BLee%2C+Arthur+P&rft.aulast=May&rft.aufirst=Lisa&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=8-10&rft.spage=697&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+A&rft.issn=15287394&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-06-24 N1 - Date created - 2004-06-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - GABAA receptors reorganize when layer 4 in ferret somatosensory cortex is disrupted by methylazoxymethanol (MAM). AN - 71745035; 15028647 AB - We established a model of cortical development that arrests the birth of layer 4 cells by injecting methylazoxymethanol (MAM) on embryonic day 33 (E33) in ferrets. This leads to adult somatosensory cortex with a very thin layer 4. Earlier, we determined the relative absence of layer 4 changed the growth and differentiation of the somatosensory cortex and the growth of thalamic afferents into the cortical plate. To identify other features of cortical organization that might be altered after MAM treatment, we assessed the distribution of selected excitatory and inhibitory receptors in area 3b of ferret somatosensory cortex. Initial screening revealed the distribution of several excitatory receptors (NMDA, AMPA, kainate) in E33 MAM-treated cortex was similar to that in normal adult animals. In contrast, the binding pattern of inhibitory GABAA receptors was altered in MAM-treated cortex. Normally, GABAA receptors densely locate in central layers of cortex. In E33 MAM-treated animals, GABAA receptor binding extended superficially, covering a broader area of cortex. Further experiments using antibodies directed against GABAAalpha receptors disclosed that pan alpha GABAA receptors strongly localize to layer 4 in normal area 3b. In E33 MAM-treated cortex, however, GABAAalpha receptors extend outside and are located above and below the very thin layer 4. The redistribution of inhibitory receptors suggests that layer 4 plays an important role in regulating thalamic terminations and also in the resulting ability to refine processing of incoming stimuli. JF - Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) AU - Jablonska, Beata AU - Smith, Adam L AU - Palmer, Sidney L AU - Noctor, Stephen C AU - Juliano, Sharon L AD - Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, USUHS, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 432 EP - 440 VL - 14 IS - 4 SN - 1047-3211, 1047-3211 KW - Receptors, AMPA KW - 0 KW - Receptors, GABA-A KW - Receptors, Kainic Acid KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate KW - Methylazoxymethanol Acetate KW - 592-62-1 KW - methylazoxymethanol KW - JGG19N3YDQ KW - Index Medicus KW - Thalamus -- physiology KW - Nerve Fibers -- physiology KW - Animals KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate -- physiology KW - Receptors, AMPA -- physiology KW - Thalamus -- cytology KW - Receptors, Kainic Acid -- physiology KW - Autoradiography KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Neurons, Afferent -- physiology KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Methylazoxymethanol Acetate -- toxicity KW - Somatosensory Cortex -- physiology KW - Receptors, GABA-A -- physiology KW - Ferrets -- physiology KW - Somatosensory Cortex -- drug effects KW - Methylazoxymethanol Acetate -- analogs & derivatives KW - Receptors, GABA-A -- drug effects KW - Somatosensory Cortex -- cytology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71745035?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cerebral+cortex+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.+%3A+1991%29&rft.atitle=GABAA+receptors+reorganize+when+layer+4+in+ferret+somatosensory+cortex+is+disrupted+by+methylazoxymethanol+%28MAM%29.&rft.au=Jablonska%2C+Beata%3BSmith%2C+Adam+L%3BPalmer%2C+Sidney+L%3BNoctor%2C+Stephen+C%3BJuliano%2C+Sharon+L&rft.aulast=Jablonska&rft.aufirst=Beata&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=432&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cerebral+cortex+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.+%3A+1991%29&rft.issn=10473211&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-05-19 N1 - Date created - 2004-03-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Eliciting the Public's Budgetary Preferences: Insights from Contingent Valuation AN - 60701283; 200413470 AB - Contingent valuation studies can provide useful insights for designers & users of surveys eliciting the public's comprehensive budgetary preferences. Such studies attempt to elicit the public's monetary valuations of specific nontraded goods to support decisions of managers in the public sector. Although controversial, these surveys provide much useful methodological analysis & evidence relevant to avoiding bias & unreliability of surveys intended to elicit more general budgetary preferences. Significantly refined over the past several decades, the underlying methodology shows substantial promise for further development. Collaboration of specialists knowledgeable about public budgeting & finance with specialists in economics, survey methods, & market research could contribute greatly to designing, implementing, & evaluating surveys of the citizenry's public budgetary preferences. 2 Appendixes. Adapted from the source document. JF - Public Budgeting & Finance AU - Brubaker, Earl R AD - Defense Resources Management Instit, Naval Postgraduate School erbrubak@nps.navy.mil Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 72 EP - 95 VL - 24 IS - 1 SN - 0275-1100, 0275-1100 KW - Values KW - Preferences KW - Budgets KW - Citizen Participation KW - article KW - 9263: public policy/administration; public administration/bureaucracy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60701283?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Public+Budgeting+%26+Finance&rft.atitle=Eliciting+the+Public%27s+Budgetary+Preferences%3A+Insights+from+Contingent+Valuation&rft.au=Brubaker%2C+Earl+R&rft.aulast=Brubaker&rft.aufirst=Earl&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=72&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Public+Budgeting+%26+Finance&rft.issn=02751100&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Budgets; Preferences; Citizen Participation; Values ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anti-Americanism in Lebanon: An Empirical Assessment AN - 60660232; 200517448 AB - This paper aims at empirically assessing Lebanese reactions to retaliation attacks against US targets. The author proposes that receptiveness to tenets of religious fundamentalism influences approval of these attacks. In view of the surge of Islamic militancy in recent years, he further proposes that Muslim respondents would be likely to show greater support for the attacks than Christians. The data come from a quota sample, consisting of 607 Christian & Muslim respondents of both genders, conducted in the Greater Beirut area during the months of November & December 2002. The findings support the proposition that proneness to religious fundamentalism is related to approval of the attacks, but they also demonstrate the insignificance of religious fundamentalism in explaining Christian support for retaliation attacks. 2 Tables, 1 Appendix. Adapted from the source document. JF - Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations AU - Haddad, Simon AD - Dept Political Science, Notre Dame U, Samaya, Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon shaddad@ndu.edu.lb Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 257 EP - 272 VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 0959-6410, 0959-6410 KW - Christians KW - Religious Fundamentalism KW - Religion Politics Relationship KW - Lebanon KW - United States of America KW - Public Support KW - Muslims KW - article KW - 9241: politics and religion; politics and religion KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60660232?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Islam+and+Christian-Muslim+Relations&rft.atitle=Anti-Americanism+in+Lebanon%3A+An+Empirical+Assessment&rft.au=Haddad%2C+Simon&rft.aulast=Haddad&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Islam+and+Christian-Muslim+Relations&rft.issn=09596410&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F0959641042000192828 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - ICMREF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lebanon; United States of America; Religion Politics Relationship; Christians; Muslims; Religious Fundamentalism; Public Support DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0959641042000192828 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - United States Nuclear Strategy in the Twenty-First Century AN - 60587189; 200510015 AB - The dramatic reduction in Russian armed forces compared with their Soviet-era predecessors is reviewed. The new strategic thinking is deduced from the small number of official documents that are available. The paradox is that Russia faces a dramatically reduced threat from the United States & NATO, such that it can rely on a much smaller nuclear capability, but against that the reduced conventional forces available mean that a much greater reliance on nuclear deterrence is the logical response to threats, including conventional threats, from elsewhere. This has led to abandonment of the 'no first use' pledge given by the Soviet Union. 1 Figure. Adapted from the source document. JF - Contemporary Security Policy AU - Russell, James A AU - Wirtz, James J AD - National Security Affairs Dept, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 91 EP - 108 VL - 25 IS - 1 SN - 1352-3260, 1352-3260 KW - Defense Policy KW - Military Strategy KW - Twenty First Century KW - United States of America KW - Deterrence KW - Nuclear Weapons KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60587189?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Contemporary+Security+Policy&rft.atitle=United+States+Nuclear+Strategy+in+the+Twenty-First+Century&rft.au=Russell%2C+James+A%3BWirtz%2C+James+J&rft.aulast=Russell&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Contemporary+Security+Policy&rft.issn=13523260&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F1352326042000290524 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - CNSPEG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United States of America; Defense Policy; Nuclear Weapons; Deterrence; Military Strategy; Twenty First Century DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1352326042000290524 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Petroeuros: A Threat to U.S. Interests in the Gulf? AN - 60161119; 200413074 AB - Explores the likelihood of a shift from a dollar-priced to a euro-priced oil system & its possible impact on the US. The historical use of the dollar as an international currency, recent reductions in the share of dollar reserves, & emergence of the euro as a contender for reserve-currency status are examined. Advantages of the dollar as an international reserve currency include convenience for Americans, increased business for financial institutions, & seignorage. Consideration is given to the claim that the US invaded Iraq because Saddam Hussein switched from dollars to the euro as the medium of exchange for purchasing Iraqi oil. The deleterious results of such a changeover by OPEC are delineated. A more realistic scenario offered by Javad Jarjani, head of OPEC's petroleum-market analysis department, identifies 10 critical developments that will determine future oil pricing decisions. Other issues discussed include the Russian government's interest in pricing oil exports in euros; factors that affected Russia's decision not to move ahead with the petroeuro; & prospects for the introduction of a petroeuro & its connection to the US motivation for the Iraq War. J. Lindroth JF - Middle East Policy AU - Looney, Robert AD - Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 26 EP - 37 VL - 11 IS - 1 SN - 1061-1924, 1061-1924 KW - Monetary Policy KW - Money KW - Prices KW - Exports and Imports KW - Petroleum Industry KW - Markets KW - article KW - 9141: political economy; political economy KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60161119?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Middle+East+Policy&rft.atitle=Petroeuros%3A+A+Threat+to+U.S.+Interests+in+the+Gulf%3F&rft.au=Looney%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Looney&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=26&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Middle+East+Policy&rft.issn=10611924&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-10-30 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Monetary Policy; Money; Petroleum Industry; Exports and Imports; Prices; Markets ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Military Rule, Islamism and Democracy in Pakistan AN - 60154329; 200416513 AB - Pakistan's politics has been shaped by the dynamics of civilian-military relations & Islamism's relation to the state. This has created an ongoing negotiation for power in which the military, civilian politicians, & Islamist forces have individually & in alliance with one another vied for control of Pakistan's politics. General Pervez Musharraf's regime has been no exception to this trend. As its claim to secular military rule proved untenable, it has turned to rely on Islamist forces to manage civilian-military relations. Adapted from the source document. JF - The Middle East Journal AU - Nasr, Vali AD - Dept National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 195 EP - 209 VL - 58 IS - 2 SN - 0026-3141, 0026-3141 KW - Pakistan KW - Politics KW - Islam KW - Religion Politics Relationship KW - Political Power KW - Military Civilian Relations KW - article KW - 9241: politics and religion; politics and religion KW - 9091: government/political systems; armed forces UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60154329?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Middle+East+Journal&rft.atitle=Military+Rule%2C+Islamism+and+Democracy+in+Pakistan&rft.au=Nasr%2C+Vali&rft.aulast=Nasr&rft.aufirst=Vali&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Middle+East+Journal&rft.issn=00263141&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-10-30 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pakistan; Military Civilian Relations; Religion Politics Relationship; Islam; Political Power; Politics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Innovation and the Technology of Conflict during the Napoleonic Revolution in Military Affairs AN - 59684180; 200600875 AB - This essay is intended as a modest response to Prof. Hirshleifer's call for research in the "macrotechnology" of conflict. It specifically considers innovations undertaken by the Prussian & British Armies in response to the problems posed by the Napoleonic Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA) & the resulting ascendancy of the French Army. For various reasons, the Prussians chose an "emulating" response to the French; the British chose "offsetting." The discussion following considers the Napoleonic innovations & the two responses, both of which proved effective. As a result, there is support for the view that military innovation is, to a significant extent, a military choice made from a menu of military measures within the context of military-political competition. 3 Tables, 5 Figures, 1 Appendix, 31 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Conflict Management and Peace Science AU - Franck, Raymond E AD - Dept Systems Engineering, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA refranck@nps.navy.mil Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 69 EP - 84 VL - 21 IS - 1 SN - 0738-8942, 0738-8942 KW - France KW - International Conflict KW - Technological Innovations KW - Military Strategy KW - Army KW - Armed Forces KW - Prussia KW - Great Britain KW - Napoleon Bonaparte KW - article KW - 9091: government/political systems; armed forces UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59684180?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Conflict+Management+and+Peace+Science&rft.atitle=Innovation+and+the+Technology+of+Conflict+during+the+Napoleonic+Revolution+in+Military+Affairs&rft.au=Franck%2C+Raymond+E&rft.aulast=Franck&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Conflict+Management+and+Peace+Science&rft.issn=07388942&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F07388940490433927 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Military Strategy; Technological Innovations; Armed Forces; Prussia; France; Great Britain; Army; International Conflict; Napoleon Bonaparte DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07388940490433927 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Elements of South Florida's Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan AN - 19426234; 5877147 AB - Approximately 70% less water flows through the Everglades ecosystem today compared with the historic Everglades, and the quality of the remaining water is often degraded. The regionally managed hydropattern does not follow the pre-drainage distribution, timing, and duration of the natural Everglades, nor can water move freely though the remaining Everglades. As a result, there have been significant reductions in wildlife and fish populations, their habitat, and the environmental services wetlands provide society. Both the problems of declining ecosystem health and the solutions to Everglades restoration center on restoring the quantity, quality, timing, and distribution of water. The Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan consists of over 60 civil works projects that will be designed and implemented over a 30 year period. At an estimated cost of $7.8 billion, it seeks to correct an earlier attempt at water management in South Florida and improve water availability during the dry season and reduce flooding of urban and agricultural areas during the wet season. The plan calls for storage and controlled release from more than 217,000 acres of new reservoirs and wetland-based treatment areas and from over 300 underground aquifer storage and recovery wells. The plans assumes that during retention in stormwater treatment areas, the excess phosphorus, nitrogen, agrichemicals such as atrazine, diazinon, endosulfan, and other contaminants will be reduced before release into the natural areas. It also assumes that little or no change in water quality will occur during underground storage. To improve the hydraulic connectivity of natural areas, some of the extensive system of levees and canals within the Everglades will be removed in an effort to improve overland water flow. Most of the current planning has focused on water storage and restoring basic hydrology in the remnant natural areas and on phosphorus removal as a benchmark of water quality. The restoration plan, as approved by Congress, is conceptual and most of the details, including potential impacts of the plan on the natural system and the role of contaminants remain to be evaluated. JF - Ecotoxicology AU - Perry, W AD - Everglades National Park, 40001 State Road 9339, Homestead, Fl 33034, USA, William_b_perry@nps.gov Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - Apr 2004 SP - 185 EP - 193 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 13 IS - 3 SN - 0963-9292, 0963-9292 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts KW - Hydraulics KW - USA, Florida KW - Phosphorus KW - Nutrients KW - Freshwater KW - Ecological Effects KW - Water quality KW - Dissolved oxygen KW - Phosphorus removal KW - Water Pollution Control KW - Economics KW - Hydrology KW - Regional planning KW - Wetlands KW - Environmental planning KW - Wildlife KW - Environmental impact KW - Habitat KW - Endosulfan KW - Stream flow KW - Water quality control KW - Canals KW - Aquatic Habitats KW - Habitat improvement KW - Water management KW - Water Storage KW - Flooding KW - Environmental restoration KW - Contaminants KW - Dry season KW - Nitrogen KW - Aquifers KW - Water Management KW - Water availability KW - Pollutants KW - Stormwater runoff KW - Planning KW - Water Quality Control KW - USA, Florida, Everglades KW - Water flow KW - Flow Discharge KW - Herbicides KW - Controlled release KW - Ecosystem analysis KW - Atrazine KW - Water Distribution KW - Diazinon KW - M3 1120:Land KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - X 24330:Agrochemicals KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control KW - D 04715:Reclamation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19426234?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology&rft.atitle=Elements+of+South+Florida%27s+Comprehensive+Everglades+Restoration+Plan&rft.au=Perry%2C+W&rft.aulast=Perry&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology&rft.issn=09639292&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FB%3AECTX.0000023564.10311.4a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Stormwater runoff; Water management; Habitat improvement; Flooding; Environmental impact; Phosphorus; Regional planning; Wetlands; Water quality; Stream flow; Aquifers; Hydraulics; Water availability; Dissolved oxygen; Phosphorus removal; Planning; Hydrology; Water flow; Environmental planning; Wildlife; Habitat; Controlled release; Endosulfan; Canals; Ecosystem analysis; Atrazine; Environmental restoration; Dry season; Contaminants; Diazinon; Nitrogen; Water quality control; Economics; Water Management; Flow Discharge; Nutrients; Herbicides; Ecological Effects; Water Pollution Control; Pollutants; Aquatic Habitats; Water Storage; Water Quality Control; Water Distribution; USA, Florida, Everglades; USA, Florida; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:ECTX.0000023564.10311.4a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Population recovery following differential harvesting of Allium tricoccum Ait. in the southern Appalachians AN - 19211119; 5779048 AB - Over 100 native herbaceous forest perennials are harvested in the United States. Management of these populations for continued survival requires information on the long-term effects of varied harvesting levels on populations of forest perennials. Allium tricoccum Ait. is a species that is harvested throughout its range for its edible bulb. We examined the recovery of A. tricoccum populations over a 5-year period following experimental harvests of different intensity to predict the number of years required to return to pre- harvest levels and to establish guidelines for sustainable harvesting. Our harvest treatments included removal of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% of plants within experimental plots. Treatments were repeated at three sites. Population recovery was monitored for 4 years at two sites and 7 years at one site. We found a relationship between the level of harvest and the negative impacts on populations of A. tricoccum, with limited population recovery in the 4 years following harvesting. We projected recovery times as a function of harvest level using a population projection model. Deterministic projections of recovery time ranged from 148 years for a 95% harvest to 2.5 years for a 5% harvest. Incorporating stochasticity into our projections increased the uncertainty in our estimates of recovery time. For example the recovery time from a 5% harvest ranged from 1 to 89 years (95% confidence limit). Based on our results, a 10% harvest once every 10 years would, on average, be a sustainable level of harvest for A. tricoccum in southern Appalachian forests. JF - Biological Conservation AU - Rock, J H AU - Beckage, B AU - Gross, L J AD - Great Smoky Mountains National Park, 107 Park Headquarters Road, Gatlinburg, TN 37738, USA, janet_rock@nps.gov Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - Apr 2004 SP - 227 EP - 234 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 116 IS - 2 SN - 0006-3207, 0006-3207 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Sustainable yield KW - USA KW - Conservation KW - Survival KW - Allium tricoccum KW - Harvesting KW - D 04705:Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19211119?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Conservation&rft.atitle=Population+recovery+following+differential+harvesting+of+Allium+tricoccum+Ait.+in+the+southern+Appalachians&rft.au=Rock%2C+J+H%3BBeckage%2C+B%3BGross%2C+L+J&rft.aulast=Rock&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=227&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Conservation&rft.issn=00063207&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0006-3207%2803%2900193-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Allium tricoccum; USA; Harvesting; Survival; Sustainable yield; Conservation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3207(03)00193-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Migrations of green turtles in the central South Pacific AN - 18042052; 5793034 AB - Migrations of seven post-nesting green turtles at Rose Atoll (American Samoa) were tracked by satellite transmitters in 1993-1995. Most turtles migrated 1600 km to foraging areas in Fiji and occupied home ranges averaging 27 km super(2). Additional tag recaptures from other studies indicate a common pattern of turtle movement in the central South Pacific region. In total, the 26 recaptures of primarily post-nesting turtles from French Polynesia, American Samoa, and Cook Islands showed a similar course of direction and destination: 96% migrated westward after nesting, with 58% going specifically to Fiji. We propose that this pattern reflects the lower availability of turtle food east of Fiji where most islands are small, steep and have limited areas suitable for seagrass or algal growth. In contrast, Fiji's extensive pastures of seagrass and algae appear to be a significant resource for many green turtles in the region. These turtles apparently spend most of their adult life in Fijian waters, taking only brief migrations to other islands to nest. JF - Biological Conservation AU - Craig, P AU - Parker, D AU - Brainard, R AU - Rice, M AU - Balazs, G AD - National Park of American Samoa, Pago Pago, AS 96799, USA, peter_craig@nps.gov Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 433 EP - 438 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl] VL - 116 IS - 3 SN - 0006-3207, 0006-3207 KW - Green sea turtle KW - Green turtle KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Sea turtle KW - Chelonia mydas KW - Migration KW - South Pacific KW - American Samoa KW - Fiji KW - Marine KW - ISEW, Pacific, Fiji KW - ISE, Pacific, New Zealand Island Terr., Cook Is. KW - Aquatic reptiles KW - ISE, Pacific, French Polynesia KW - Food availability KW - South Pacific Region KW - Satellite sensing KW - Foraging behaviour KW - ISE, Pacific, American Samoa, Rose Atoll KW - Nesting KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Migrations KW - Home range KW - Sea grass KW - Tagging KW - Reproductive behaviour KW - Activity patterns KW - Algae KW - Q1 08421:Migrations and rhythms KW - O 1050:Vertebrates, Urochordates and Cephalochordates KW - D 04670:Reptiles UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18042052?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Conservation&rft.atitle=Migrations+of+green+turtles+in+the+central+South+Pacific&rft.au=Craig%2C+P%3BParker%2C+D%3BBrainard%2C+R%3BRice%2C+M%3BBalazs%2C+G&rft.aulast=Craig&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Conservation&rft.issn=00063207&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0006-3207%2803%2900217-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Foraging behaviour; Satellite sensing; Nesting; Aquatic reptiles; Migrations; Food availability; Sea grass; Reproductive behaviour; Tagging; Activity patterns; Home range; Migration; Chelonia mydas; Algae; ISEW, Pacific, Fiji; ISE, Pacific, American Samoa, Rose Atoll; Pacific Ocean; ISE, Pacific, New Zealand Island Terr., Cook Is.; ISE, Pacific, French Polynesia; South Pacific Region; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3207(03)00217-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A DNA adenine methylase mutant of Shigella flexneri shows no significant attenuation of virulence AN - 17949172; 5901380 AB - Mutants of Salmonella defective in DNA adenine methylase (dam) have been reported to be attenuated for virulence and to provide protective immunity when used as vaccine strains. To determine whether these observations could be extended to Shigella, a dam mutant of Shigella flexneri 2a was characterized and examined for the role of dam in pathogenesis. The Shigella dam mutant showed some unique characteristics; however, it retained virulence in vivo as well as in vitro. The mutant invaded cultured L2 monolayer cells as efficiently as the wild-type parent, but its intracellular growth was suppressed up to 7 h post-invasion. Furthermore, the invading dam mutant formed smaller plaques in cell monolayers compared to the parent strain. However, the mutant produced keratoconjunctivitis in the Sereny test in guinea pigs only slightly more slowly than the wild-type. While the effect of the dam mutation on virulence was modest, the rate of spontaneous mutation in the dam mutant was 1000-fold greater compared with the wild-type. The virulence and high mutability displayed by the dam mutant of Sh. flexneri suggest that a general anti-bacterial pathogen vaccine strategy based on mutations in dam needs to be re-evaluated. JF - Microbiology AU - Honma, Y AU - Fernandez, R E AU - Maurelli, A T AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA, amaurelli@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - Apr 2004 SP - 1073 EP - 1078 VL - 150 IS - 4 SN - 1350-0872, 1350-0872 KW - DNA adenine methylase KW - dam gene KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Virulence KW - Shigella flexneri KW - Animal models KW - Attenuation KW - Cell culture KW - Keratoconjunctivitis KW - Mutants KW - J 02855:Human Bacteriology: Others UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17949172?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbiology&rft.atitle=A+DNA+adenine+methylase+mutant+of+Shigella+flexneri+shows+no+significant+attenuation+of+virulence&rft.au=Honma%2C+Y%3BFernandez%2C+R+E%3BMaurelli%2C+A+T&rft.aulast=Honma&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=150&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1073&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbiology&rft.issn=13500872&rft_id=info:doi/10.1099%2Fmic.0.26781-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Virulence; Animal models; Attenuation; Cell culture; Keratoconjunctivitis; Mutants; Shigella flexneri DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.26781-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Receptor domains regulating mu opioid receptor uncoupling and internalization: relevance to opioid tolerance. AN - 80178750; 14978226 JF - Molecular pharmacology AU - Cox, Brian M AU - Crowder, A Tamara AD - Department of Pharmacology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA. Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 492 EP - 495 VL - 65 IS - 3 SN - 0026-895X, 0026-895X KW - Analgesics, Opioid KW - 0 KW - Narcotics KW - Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled KW - Receptors, Opioid, mu KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled -- chemistry KW - Humans KW - Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled -- metabolism KW - Protein Structure, Tertiary KW - Drug Tolerance KW - Narcotics -- adverse effects KW - Receptors, Opioid, mu -- chemistry KW - Receptors, Opioid, mu -- metabolism KW - Analgesics, Opioid -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80178750?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Receptor+domains+regulating+mu+opioid+receptor+uncoupling+and+internalization%3A+relevance+to+opioid+tolerance.&rft.au=Cox%2C+Brian+M%3BCrowder%2C+A+Tamara&rft.aulast=Cox&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=492&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+pharmacology&rft.issn=0026895X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-03-23 N1 - Date created - 2004-02-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment On: Mol Pharmacol. 2004 Mar;65(3):528-37 [14978231] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A multidisciplinary approach to teach responses to weapons of mass destruction and terrorism using combined simulation modalities. AN - 71860928; 15110382 AB - To reinforce concepts presented in the lectures; understand the complexity and speed of casualty and information generation during a Weapons of Mass Destruction and Terrorism (WMD/T) event; experience the novelty of combined weapons' effects; recognize the time course of the various chemical, biological, and radiation agents; and make challenging decisions with incomplete and conflicting information. Two environments simulated simultaneously: one a major trauma center emergency room (ER) with two patient simulators and several human actors; the other an Emergency Operations Command Center (EOC). Students for this course included: clinicians, scientists, military and intelligence officers, lawyers, administrators, and logistic personnel whose jobs involve planning and executing emergency response plans to WMD/T. SIMULATION SCRIPT: A WMD/T attack in Washington, D.C., has occurred. Clinical students performed in their real life roles in the simulated ER, while nonclinical students did the same in the simulated EOC. Six ER casualties with combined WMD/T injuries were presented and treated over 40 minutes. In the EOC, each person was given his or her role title with identification tag. The EOC scenario took cues from the action in the ER via two television (TV) news feeds and telephone calls from other Emergency Operations Assets. PERFORMANCE EXPECTATIONS: Students were expected to actively engage in their roles. Student performances were self-evaluated during the debriefing. DEBRIEFING: The two groups were reunited and debriefed utilizing disaster crisis resource management tools. ASSESSMENT OF EFFECTIVENESS: Students answered an 18-point questionnaire to help evaluate the usefulness and acceptance of multimodality patient simulation. Large-scale multimodality patient simulation can be used to train both clinicians and nonclinicians for future events of WMD/T. Students accepted the simulation experience and thought that scenario was appropriately realistic, complex, and overwhelming. Difficulties include the extensive man-hours involved in designing and presenting the live simulations. EOC-only sessions could be staged with only a few video cassette recorders, TVs, telephones, and callers. JF - Journal of clinical anesthesia AU - Kyle, Richard R AU - Via, Darin K AU - Lowy, R Joel AU - Madsen, James M AU - Marty, Aileen M AU - Mongan, Paul D AD - Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. rkyle@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 152 EP - 158 VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 0952-8180, 0952-8180 KW - Index Medicus KW - District of Columbia KW - Trauma Centers KW - Humans KW - Patient Simulation KW - Terrorism KW - Emergency Medical Service Communication Systems KW - Disasters KW - Emergency Service, Hospital KW - Education, Medical, Undergraduate UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71860928?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+clinical+anesthesia&rft.atitle=A+multidisciplinary+approach+to+teach+responses+to+weapons+of+mass+destruction+and+terrorism+using+combined+simulation+modalities.&rft.au=Kyle%2C+Richard+R%3BVia%2C+Darin+K%3BLowy%2C+R+Joel%3BMadsen%2C+James+M%3BMarty%2C+Aileen+M%3BMongan%2C+Paul+D&rft.aulast=Kyle&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=152&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+clinical+anesthesia&rft.issn=09528180&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-08-31 N1 - Date created - 2004-04-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: J Clin Anesth. 2004 Mar;16(2):142-3 [15110380] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Health-related behaviors in young military smokers. AN - 71815722; 15080245 AB - This cross-sectional study examined the association between smoking and other health-related risk behaviors, individually as well as in clusters, across branches of military service in the higher risk ages of 18 to 25 years old within the 1998 Department of Defense Survey of Health-Related Behaviors among Military Personnel. Examination of the demographic variables revealed that, in general, smokers tended to be single, white, enlisted men in the 18- to 20-year age group with less education and serving in the Army or Marine Corps. Our findings support that there is an increased likelihood of co-occurrence of substance use along with other negative health-related risk behaviors found in military members. It may be practical and necessary to develop a focused survey given to those attending smoking cessation interventions, or perhaps to smokers in general, which attempts to identify associated risk behaviors and channel clients accordingly. JF - Military medicine AU - Lynch, John P AU - Hanson, Kevin AU - Kao, Tzu-Cheg AD - Residency Program of Preventive Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-1854, USA. Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 230 EP - 235 VL - 169 IS - 3 SN - 0026-4075, 0026-4075 KW - Index Medicus KW - Cross-Sectional Studies KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Surveys and Questionnaires KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- complications KW - Adolescent KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Substance-Related Disorders -- epidemiology KW - Risk-Taking KW - Military Personnel -- psychology KW - Military Personnel -- classification KW - Health Behavior KW - Military Personnel -- statistics & numerical data KW - Smoking -- psychology KW - Smoking -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71815722?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Military+medicine&rft.atitle=Health-related+behaviors+in+young+military+smokers.&rft.au=Lynch%2C+John+P%3BHanson%2C+Kevin%3BKao%2C+Tzu-Cheg&rft.aulast=Lynch&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=169&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=230&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Military+medicine&rft.issn=00264075&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-05-05 N1 - Date created - 2004-04-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Introduction AN - 60665980; 200420822 AB - It is argued that the Russian military is not well prepared to meet the challenges of fighting terrorism & counterinsurgency. President Vladimir Putin has spoken repeatedly about the need to reshape the Russian military to confront the new tasks, but relatively little progress has been achieved. Resistance of the military's corporate self-interest is an important obstacle to change; the top brass prefer to maintain a hollow military designed for fighting a global war to serious restructuring & downsizing (including a transition to an all-volunteer force) that would result in a reduction of the number of billets for senior officers. The military can persist in their attachment to the Cold War posture because the politicians have failed to provide for Russia's security by building an alliance with NATO. Adapted from the source document. JF - The Journal of Slavic Military Studies AU - Tsypkin, Mikhail AD - Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 1 EP - 11 VL - 17 IS - 1 SN - 1351-8046, 1351-8046 KW - Defense Policy KW - Military Strategy KW - Defense Spending KW - Military Personnel KW - Post Cold War Period KW - Security Policy KW - Russia KW - Armed Forces KW - Organizational Effectiveness KW - article KW - 9091: government/political systems; armed forces UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60665980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Slavic+Military+Studies&rft.atitle=Introduction&rft.au=Tsypkin%2C+Mikhail&rft.aulast=Tsypkin&rft.aufirst=Mikhail&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+Slavic+Military+Studies&rft.issn=13518046&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F13518040490440629 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Russia; Military Strategy; Defense Policy; Military Personnel; Defense Spending; Organizational Effectiveness; Security Policy; Post Cold War Period; Armed Forces DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13518040490440629 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Defeat of Turkish Hizballah as a Model for Counter-Terrorism Strategy AN - 59872133; 200501984 AB - This article analyzes the Turkish security forces' highly successful counterterrorism operation against the radical Islamist group Turkish Hizballah (THB). Taking advantage of the cease-fire declared by the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK), the security forces focused their increased resources on an initial round of raids that netted significant pieces of information about the THB & its activities. The security forces then diligently took advantage of this new intelligence to conduct raids on a wider scale, thus creating a snowball effect of gathering more intelligence followed by conducting wider & more devastating raids. Adapted from the source document. JF - MERIA: Middle East Review of International Affairs AU - Nugent, John T, Jr AD - Dept National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 69 EP - 75 VL - 8 IS - 1 SN - 1565-8996, 1565-8996 KW - counterterrorism KW - Intelligence KW - Security KW - Religious Fundamentalism KW - Terrorism KW - Organizations KW - Covert Operations KW - Turkey KW - article KW - 9105: politics; national-level politics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59872133?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MERIA%3A+Middle+East+Review+of+International+Affairs&rft.atitle=The+Defeat+of+Turkish+Hizballah+as+a+Model+for+Counter-Terrorism+Strategy&rft.au=Nugent%2C+John+T%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Nugent&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=MERIA%3A+Middle+East+Review+of+International+Affairs&rft.issn=15658996&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meria.idc.ac.il/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Terrorism; Organizations; Turkey; Security; Religious Fundamentalism; Covert Operations; Intelligence ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A large-amplitude meander of the shelfbreak front during summer south of New England; observations from the shelfbreak PRIMER experiment AN - 51745655; 2005-019404 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Gawarkiewicz, Glen AU - Brink, Kenneth H AU - Bahr, Frank AU - Beardsley, Robert C AU - Caruso, Michael AU - Lynch, James AU - Chiu, Ching-Sang Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 16 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 109 IS - C3 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - United States KW - currents KW - Northwest Atlantic KW - ocean circulation KW - experimental studies KW - ocean currents KW - spatial variations KW - PRIMER experiment KW - ocean waves KW - New England KW - velocity KW - temporal distribution KW - continental shelf KW - shelf-slope break KW - North Atlantic KW - Middle Atlantic Bight KW - winds KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51745655?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=A+large-amplitude+meander+of+the+shelfbreak+front+during+summer+south+of+New+England%3B+observations+from+the+shelfbreak+PRIMER+experiment&rft.au=Gawarkiewicz%2C+Glen%3BBrink%2C+Kenneth+H%3BBahr%2C+Frank%3BBeardsley%2C+Robert+C%3BCaruso%2C+Michael%3BLynch%2C+James%3BChiu%2C+Ching-Sang&rft.aulast=Gawarkiewicz&rft.aufirst=Glen&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=C3&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002JC001468 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; continental shelf; currents; experimental studies; Middle Atlantic Bight; New England; North Atlantic; Northwest Atlantic; ocean circulation; ocean currents; ocean waves; PRIMER experiment; shelf-slope break; spatial variations; temporal distribution; United States; velocity; winds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002JC001468 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparison of mixed-layer dynamics between the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal; one-dimensional model results AN - 51744974; 2005-019385 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Prasad, T G Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 15 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 109 IS - C3 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - ocean circulation KW - one-dimensional models KW - turbulence KW - salinity KW - Arabian Sea KW - buoyancy KW - monsoons KW - Indian Ocean KW - Bay of Bengal KW - mixing KW - heat flow KW - bathymetry KW - sea-surface temperature KW - winds KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51744974?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=A+comparison+of+mixed-layer+dynamics+between+the+Arabian+Sea+and+Bay+of+Bengal%3B+one-dimensional+model+results&rft.au=Prasad%2C+T+G&rft.aulast=Prasad&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=C3&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003JC002000 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arabian Sea; bathymetry; Bay of Bengal; buoyancy; heat flow; Indian Ocean; mixing; monsoons; ocean circulation; one-dimensional models; salinity; sea-surface temperature; turbulence; winds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JC002000 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Late winter water column and sea ice conditions in the northern Bering Sea AN - 51335378; 2005-019399 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Clement, Jaclyn L AU - Cooper, Lee W AU - Grebmeier, Jacqueline M Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 16 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 109 IS - C3 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - sea water KW - oxygen KW - northern Bering Sea KW - isotopes KW - sea ice KW - interannual ice cover variations KW - polynyas KW - stable isotopes KW - marine sediments KW - ice KW - sediments KW - Anadyr Water KW - sea surface water KW - pigments KW - isotope ratios KW - Bering Sea KW - O-18/O-16 KW - Saint Lawrence Island KW - measurement KW - chlorophyll KW - organic compounds KW - North Pacific KW - Pacific Ocean KW - seasonal variations KW - bathymetry KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51335378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Late+winter+water+column+and+sea+ice+conditions+in+the+northern+Bering+Sea&rft.au=Clement%2C+Jaclyn+L%3BCooper%2C+Lee+W%3BGrebmeier%2C+Jacqueline+M&rft.aulast=Clement&rft.aufirst=Jaclyn&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=C3&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003JC002047 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anadyr Water; bathymetry; Bering Sea; chlorophyll; ice; interannual ice cover variations; isotope ratios; isotopes; marine sediments; measurement; North Pacific; northern Bering Sea; O-18/O-16; organic compounds; oxygen; Pacific Ocean; pigments; polynyas; Saint Lawrence Island; sea ice; sea surface water; sea water; seasonal variations; sediments; stable isotopes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JC002047 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On climatological mass, heat, and salt transports through the Barrents Sea and Fram Strait from a pan-Arctic coupled ice-ocean model simulation AN - 51334941; 2005-019374 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Maslowski, Wieslaw AU - Marble, Douglas AU - Walczowski, Waldemar AU - Schauer, Ursula AU - Clement, Jaclyn L AU - Semtner, Albert J Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 16 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 109 IS - C3 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - currents KW - ocean circulation KW - heat flux KW - sea ice KW - coupled ice-ocean model KW - atmosphere KW - air-sea interface KW - salinity KW - ocean currents KW - thermohaline circulation KW - Kara Sea KW - transport KW - Barents Sea KW - ice KW - Arctic Ocean KW - bathymetry KW - Fram Strait KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51334941?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=On+climatological+mass%2C+heat%2C+and+salt+transports+through+the+Barrents+Sea+and+Fram+Strait+from+a+pan-Arctic+coupled+ice-ocean+model+simulation&rft.au=Maslowski%2C+Wieslaw%3BMarble%2C+Douglas%3BWalczowski%2C+Waldemar%3BSchauer%2C+Ursula%3BClement%2C+Jaclyn+L%3BSemtner%2C+Albert+J&rft.aulast=Maslowski&rft.aufirst=Wieslaw&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=C3&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001JC001039 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air-sea interface; Arctic Ocean; atmosphere; Barents Sea; bathymetry; coupled ice-ocean model; currents; Fram Strait; heat flux; ice; Kara Sea; ocean circulation; ocean currents; salinity; sea ice; thermohaline circulation; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001JC001039 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seafloor topography and ocean circulation AN - 51220099; 2008-070648 AB - Seafloor topography and its influence on ocean circulation is examined. Specifically, how the topography steers ocean flows and how it creates barriers preventing deep waters from mixing is presented. (mte) JF - Oceanography (Washington D.C.) AU - Gille, Sarah T AU - Metzger, E Joseph AU - Tokmakian, Robin Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 47 EP - 54 PB - Oceanography Society, Washington, DC VL - 17 IS - 1 SN - 1042-8275, 1042-8275 KW - currents KW - Southern Ocean KW - ocean circulation KW - statistical analysis KW - standard deviation KW - Antarctic Circumpolar Current KW - salinity KW - simulation KW - ocean currents KW - temperature KW - seamounts KW - Kuroshio KW - topography KW - North Atlantic Deep Water KW - mixing KW - Arctic Ocean KW - bathymetry KW - ocean floors KW - world ocean KW - mid-ocean ridges KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51220099?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oceanography+%28Washington+D.C.%29&rft.atitle=Seafloor+topography+and+ocean+circulation&rft.au=Gille%2C+Sarah+T%3BMetzger%2C+E+Joseph%3BTokmakian%2C+Robin&rft.aulast=Gille&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Oceanography+%28Washington+D.C.%29&rft.issn=10428275&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.tos.org/oceanography/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antarctic Circumpolar Current; Arctic Ocean; bathymetry; currents; Kuroshio; mid-ocean ridges; mixing; North Atlantic Deep Water; ocean circulation; ocean currents; ocean floors; salinity; seamounts; simulation; Southern Ocean; standard deviation; statistical analysis; temperature; topography; world ocean ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gender differences in biobehavioral aftereffects of stress on eating, frustration, and cardiovascular responses AN - 37739001; 3272951 JF - Journal of applied social psychology AU - Klein, Laura Cousino AU - Faraday, Martha M AU - Quigley, Karen S AU - Grunberg, Neil E AD - Pennsylvania State University ; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences ; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - Mar 2004 SP - 538 EP - 562 VL - 34 IS - 3 SN - 0021-9029, 0021-9029 KW - Sociology KW - Experiments KW - Applied psychology KW - Mental stress KW - Frustration KW - Noise KW - Health KW - Gender differentiation KW - U.S.A. UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/37739001?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+social+psychology&rft.atitle=Gender+differences+in+biobehavioral+aftereffects+of+stress+on+eating%2C+frustration%2C+and+cardiovascular+responses&rft.au=Klein%2C+Laura+Cousino%3BFaraday%2C+Martha+M%3BQuigley%2C+Karen+S%3BGrunberg%2C+Neil+E&rft.aulast=Klein&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=538&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+social+psychology&rft.issn=00219029&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 1167 10404; 7953 7954; 5423 3549 2688 2449 10404; 8681; 5772; 4636 6845 6564 12622; 5334 4196; 433 293 14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identifying Work Organization Targets for a Work-Related Musculoskeletal Symptom Prevention Program AN - 18028435; 6064078 AB - While research linking work organization factors to work-related musculoskeletal disorders has been increasing, there is still a need to delineate specific dimensions to be targeted by intervention programs. The present cross-sectional investigation identified work organization risk factors for low back (LB) and upper extremity (UE) symptoms and determined the magnitudes of such associations. Questionnaires containing items on ergonomic, individual psychosocial, and occupational psychosocial factors were administered to a sample of workers (n = 248 U.S. Marines) in previously identified high-risk job categories for musculoskeletal disorders. Study participants were categorized into groups of either having LB symptoms only, UE symptoms only, concurrent LB and UE symptoms, or being asymptomatic on the basis of self-report. Additionally, measures of pain intensity, physical function, and mental health were obtained. Linear regression analyses adjusting for demographics, ergonomic factors, and individual psychosocial factors indicated that decision authority and experienced responsibility for work were significant correlates for pain intensity during the week. Logistic regression analyses indicated that ergonomic stressors were a risk factor for all symptomatic groups (OR = 1.02 per point increase; 95% CI: 1.0-1.1). Time pressure (OR = 1.2 per point increase; 95% CI: 1.0-1.4) was also a significant risk factor for all symptomatic groups, while cognitive processing placed workers at higher risks for concurrent LB and UE symptoms (OR = 1.2; 95% CI: 1.0-1.4). Interpersonal demands placed individuals at a lower risk for LB symptoms (OR = 0.8; 95% CI: 0.5-1.0). Findings highlight the importance of intervention approaches that address time pressure, cognitive processing factors, and interpersonal demands at work. JF - Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation AU - Huang, G D AU - Feuerstein, M AD - Department of Medical & Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA, mfeuerstein@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - Mar 2004 SP - 13 EP - 30 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 1053-0487, 1053-0487 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Injuries KW - pain KW - Pain KW - Risk reduction KW - prevention KW - Ergonomics KW - musculoskeletal system KW - Working conditions KW - Prevention KW - Musculoskeletal system KW - Occupational health KW - R2 23080:Industrial and labor KW - H 10000:Ergonomics/Human Factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18028435?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Occupational+Rehabilitation&rft.atitle=Identifying+Work+Organization+Targets+for+a+Work-Related+Musculoskeletal+Symptom+Prevention+Program&rft.au=Huang%2C+G+D%3BFeuerstein%2C+M&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Occupational+Rehabilitation&rft.issn=10530487&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Musculoskeletal system; Occupational health; Ergonomics; Pain; Injuries; Working conditions; Prevention; Risk reduction; musculoskeletal system; pain; prevention ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Magnitude and Fate of Salmon-Derived Nutrients and Energy in a Coastal Stream Ecosystem AN - 17914130; 5870304 AB - We quantified the energy and mineral (nitrogen, phosphorous) composition of live pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) and chum salmon (O. keta), their eggs, and carcasses, and tracked the fate of chum salmon spawning in a small Alaskan coastal stream. On average, salmon entered streams with 5.3 kJ times g super(-1), 3.3% N, 0.48% P. Much of the energy in female salmon was stored in the gametes because the gonads were both large (20% of their wet body mass) and high in energy density (11 kJ/g). Carcasses following senescent death had lower mass-specific energy and N (but not P) compared to fish at stream entrance. Bears removed nearly 50% of the salmon-derived nutrients and energy from the stream by capturing salmon and dragging the carcasses from the stream. Much of the salmon biomass was made available to riparian scavengers because bears partially consumed the fish. Nutrients bound in salmon tissue at senescent death were quickly exported to the estuary after only a few days because of periodic high flows and low rates of scavenging by bears. JF - Journal of Freshwater Ecology AU - Gende, S M AU - Quinn, T P AU - Willson, M F AU - Heintz, R AU - Scott, T M AD - National Park Service, Galcier Bay Field Station, 3100 National Park Road, Juneau, AK 99801, USA, Scott_Gende@nps.gov Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 149 EP - 160 VL - 19 IS - 1 SN - 0270-5060, 0270-5060 KW - Bears KW - Chum salmon KW - Pink salmon KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Inland waters KW - Fish eggs KW - Phosphorus KW - Nutrients KW - Predators KW - Freshwater KW - Streams KW - Nutrient cycles KW - Ursidae KW - Carcasses KW - Marine environment KW - Oncorhynchus gorbuscha KW - Riparian environments KW - Anadromous migrations KW - Transport processes KW - USA, Alaska KW - Rivers KW - Marine KW - Scavengers KW - Biogeochemical cycle KW - Estuaries KW - Brackish KW - INE, USA, Alaska KW - Spawning KW - Energy flow KW - Energy KW - Spawning migrations KW - Nutrients (mineral) KW - Oncorhynchus keta KW - Nitrogen KW - Q1 08346:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - Q1 08482:Ecosystems and energetics KW - D 04668:Fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17914130?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Freshwater+Ecology&rft.atitle=Magnitude+and+Fate+of+Salmon-Derived+Nutrients+and+Energy+in+a+Coastal+Stream+Ecosystem&rft.au=Gende%2C+S+M%3BQuinn%2C+T+P%3BWillson%2C+M+F%3BHeintz%2C+R%3BScott%2C+T+M&rft.aulast=Gende&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Freshwater+Ecology&rft.issn=02705060&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Inland waters; Scavengers; Biogeochemical cycle; Fish eggs; Estuaries; Phosphorus; Predators; Nutrient cycles; Energy flow; Carcasses; Marine environment; Riparian environments; Spawning migrations; Anadromous migrations; Nutrients (mineral); Transport processes; Nitrogen; Energy; Nutrients; Spawning; Streams; Ursidae; Oncorhynchus gorbuscha; Oncorhynchus keta; USA, Alaska; INE, USA, Alaska; Freshwater; Brackish; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Clinical and molecular biologic characteristics of early-onset versus late-onset colorectal carcinoma in Filipinos. AN - 80175106; 14708047 AB - A case-control study of Filipino patients who underwent surgical resection for colorectal cancer (CRC) during a 1-year period was undertaken. Thirty-five patients under age 40 years were identified. Paraffin blocks of these and 35 randomly selected patients over age 40 underwent histologic and immunohistochemical evaluation. Markers chosen for evaluation included the apoptosis-associated gene products (p53 and bcl-2), a tumor proliferation activity-related factor (Ki-67), and the markers (MLH1 and MSH2) of DNA microsatellite instability (MSI). Results were correlated with age and the stage and location of the tumor. The average age of the early-onset group was 30.7 years compared to the late-onset group at 67.0 years; and the male/female ratio was equivalent. The younger patients had a significantly higher Dukes' stage, the tumors were more poorly differentiated, and they were more frequently of the mucinous and signet ring cell histopathologic type. Expression of p53 was higher in the younger patients ( p < 0.001) and was independent of the degree of differentiation or the stage of the tumor. No differences of expression were noted for the other markers measured. The increased frequency of CRC in Filipino patients less than 40 years of age offers a unique opportunity to gain a better understanding of carcinogenesis, which might be exploited during diagnosis and management. The differences noted between the early- and late-onset CRC are provocative and provide an impetus for increased screening in Filipinos. JF - World journal of surgery AU - Uy, Gemma B AU - Kaw, Leoncio L AU - Punzalan, Corazon K AU - Querol, R Ireneo Luis C AU - Koustova, Elena V AU - Bowyer, Mark W AU - Hobbs, Christine M AU - Sobin, Leslie H AU - Wherry, David C AD - Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, Maryland 29814-4799, USA. Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 117 EP - 123 VL - 28 IS - 2 SN - 0364-2313, 0364-2313 KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - 0 KW - Genetic Markers KW - Ki-67 Antigen KW - Proteins KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 KW - MSH2 protein, human KW - EC 3.6.1.3 KW - MutS Homolog 2 Protein KW - Index Medicus KW - Philippines KW - Age Factors KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- pathology KW - Colon -- pathology KW - Humans KW - Retrospective Studies KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- genetics KW - Aged KW - Ki-67 Antigen -- genetics KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Adult KW - Lymphatic Metastasis -- pathology KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 -- genetics KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- genetics KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- genetics KW - Male KW - Neoplasm Staging KW - Proteins -- genetics KW - Genetic Markers -- genetics KW - Rectum -- pathology KW - Neoplasm Invasiveness -- pathology KW - Risk Factors KW - Middle Aged KW - Statistics as Topic KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 -- genetics KW - Immunoenzyme Techniques KW - Female KW - Colorectal Neoplasms -- surgery KW - Colorectal Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Adenocarcinoma -- genetics KW - Colorectal Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Adenocarcinoma -- surgery KW - Adenocarcinoma -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80175106?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=World+journal+of+surgery&rft.atitle=Clinical+and+molecular+biologic+characteristics+of+early-onset+versus+late-onset+colorectal+carcinoma+in+Filipinos.&rft.au=Uy%2C+Gemma+B%3BKaw%2C+Leoncio+L%3BPunzalan%2C+Corazon+K%3BQuerol%2C+R+Ireneo+Luis+C%3BKoustova%2C+Elena+V%3BBowyer%2C+Mark+W%3BHobbs%2C+Christine+M%3BSobin%2C+Leslie+H%3BWherry%2C+David+C&rft.aulast=Uy&rft.aufirst=Gemma&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=World+journal+of+surgery&rft.issn=03642313&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-08-26 N1 - Date created - 2004-02-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - From confounders to suspected risk factors: psychosocial factors and work-related upper extremity disorders. AN - 80139367; 14759762 AB - Psychosocial variables have recently been more prominent among epidemiologic risk factors for work-related upper extremity disorders (WRUEDs), but bio-behavioral mechanisms underlying these associations have been elusive. One reason is that the psychosocial domain has included many broad and disparate variables (e.g. mood, coping skills, job control, job satisfaction, job stress, social support), and this lack of specificity in the conceptualization of psychosocial factors has produced limited hypothesis testing opportunities. Therefore, recent research efforts have focused on identifying and conceptualizing specific psychosocial factors that might more clearly delineate plausible bio-behavioral mechanisms linking psychosocial factors to WRUEDs. One such factor is workstyle, a strategy that workers may employ for completing, responding to, or coping with job demands that might affect musculoskeletal health. Preliminary studies have provided support for measurable differences in workstyle among individual workers and an association with upper extremity pain and discomfort. An initial self-report measure of workstyle has been pilot tested among office workers and shown acceptable reliability and validity. Future studies are needed to study this construct among other working populations and to determine its relationship with other clinical endpoints. Nevertheless, early findings suggest workstyle may be a potential focus of WRUED prevention efforts. JF - Journal of electromyography and kinesiology : official journal of the International Society of Electrophysiological Kinesiology AU - Feuerstein, Michael AU - Shaw, William S AU - Nicholas, Rena A AU - Huang, Grant D AD - Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and Georgetown University Medical Center, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. mfeuerstein@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 171 EP - 178 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 1050-6411, 1050-6411 KW - Index Medicus KW - Psychology KW - Humans KW - Pain -- psychology KW - Work KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Upper Extremity KW - Occupational Diseases -- psychology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80139367?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+electromyography+and+kinesiology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+International+Society+of+Electrophysiological+Kinesiology&rft.atitle=From+confounders+to+suspected+risk+factors%3A+psychosocial+factors+and+work-related+upper+extremity+disorders.&rft.au=Feuerstein%2C+Michael%3BShaw%2C+William+S%3BNicholas%2C+Rena+A%3BHuang%2C+Grant+D&rft.aulast=Feuerstein&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+electromyography+and+kinesiology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+International+Society+of+Electrophysiological+Kinesiology&rft.issn=10506411&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-06-04 N1 - Date created - 2004-02-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanisms for anomalous warming in the western Indian Ocean during dipole mode events AN - 51742138; 2005-021570 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Prasad, T G AU - McClean, Julie L Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 18 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 109 IS - C2 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - upwelling KW - general circulation models KW - numerical models KW - annual variations KW - mechanism KW - satellite methods KW - Arabian Sea KW - temperature KW - thermohaline circulation KW - Indian Ocean KW - bathymetry KW - sea-surface temperature KW - dipole mode KW - climate KW - remote sensing KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51742138?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Mechanisms+for+anomalous+warming+in+the+western+Indian+Ocean+during+dipole+mode+events&rft.au=Prasad%2C+T+G%3BMcClean%2C+Julie+L&rft.aulast=Prasad&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=C2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003JC001872 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - annual variations; Arabian Sea; bathymetry; climate; dipole mode; general circulation models; Indian Ocean; mechanism; numerical models; remote sensing; satellite methods; sea-surface temperature; temperature; thermohaline circulation; upwelling DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JC001872 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the Relationship between Western Maritime Continent Monsoon Rainfall and ENSO during Northern Winter AN - 20978285; 5853197 AB - Several studies have reported that Indonesian rainfall is poorly correlated with El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events during the northern winter wet monsoon season. This work studies the relationship between the Nino-3 (5 degree S-5 degree N, 150 degree -90 degree W) sea surface temperature (SST) and the Maritime Continent monsoon rainfall during 1979-2002. The study indicates that the correlations are mostly negative except in the vicinity of Sumatra and Malay Peninsula (SMP, including the western sections of Java and Borneo), where the correlations range from zero to weakly positive. The monsoon rainfall during ENSO events is influenced by a pair of anomalous Walker cells and a low-level closed circulation centered near the Philippines. East of SMP, the rainfall is negatively correlated with Nino-3 SST. The anomalous low-level wind over the Indian Ocean west of SMP causes rainfall to also be correlated negatively with Nino-3 SST, but rainfall over SMP is sheltered from this effect because of the high mountains along its western coast. The anomalous cross-equatorial flow associated with ENSO also affects the rainfall over SMP and the area to its east differently. A variation of the cross-equatorial flow may also contribute to the SMP rainfall anomaly. The result suggests that the previously reported low correlations between Indonesian monsoon rainfall and ENSO are due in part to the averaging of rainfall in two regions with opposite characteristics. The correlation is positive for Indonesia west of 112 degree E and negative to the east. There is also an interdecadal trend of increasingly negative correlations from 1950-78 to 1979-97. The correlation changes from significantly positive (at 1%) to insignificant in western Indonesia and from insignificant to significantly negative in eastern Indonesia. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Chang, C AU - Wang, Z AU - Ju, J AU - Li, T AD - Department of Meteorology, Code MR/Cp, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA 93943, cpchang@nps.navy.mil Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 665 EP - 672 PB - American Meteorological Society VL - 17 IS - 3 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Philippines KW - Sea surface KW - Rainfall KW - ISEW, Borneo KW - Indonesia KW - Correlation analysis KW - ISEW, Indonesia KW - IS, Tropical Pacific KW - Winter KW - Mountains KW - Rainy season KW - ISEW, Philippines KW - El Nino KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Indonesia, Sumatera KW - Walker circulation KW - Wind KW - Coasts KW - Teleconnections KW - El Nino phenomena KW - Monsoon rainfall KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Marine KW - ISW, Indian Ocean KW - Climates KW - Temperature KW - Water temperature KW - Surface temperature KW - Southern Oscillation KW - Air-sea interaction KW - Oceans KW - El Nino-Southern Oscillation event KW - Temperature anomalies KW - Interhemispheric circulation KW - Monsoons KW - M2 551.553:Variations at Earth's Surface (551.553) KW - M2 551.513:General Circulation (551.513) KW - M2 551.526.6:Oceans and seas (551.526.6) KW - SW 0815:Precipitation KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling KW - O 2070:Meteorology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20978285?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=On+the+Relationship+between+Western+Maritime+Continent+Monsoon+Rainfall+and+ENSO+during+Northern+Winter&rft.au=Chang%2C+C%3BWang%2C+Z%3BJu%2C+J%3BLi%2C+T&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=665&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F1520-0442%282004%29017%280665%3AOTRBWM%292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric precipitations; Sea surface; Rainfall; Correlation analysis; Water temperature; Southern Oscillation; Surface temperature; Winter; Air-sea interaction; Rainy season; Ocean-atmosphere system; Temperature anomalies; Monsoons; El Nino phenomena; Teleconnections; Monsoon rainfall; El Nino-Southern Oscillation event; Walker circulation; Interhemispheric circulation; Mountains; Oceans; El Nino; Climates; Temperature; Wind; Coasts; Philippines; ISW, Indian Ocean; ISEW, Philippines; ISEW, Borneo; Indonesia; Indonesia, Sumatera; ISEW, Indonesia; IS, Tropical Pacific; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017(0665:OTRBWM)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of highway undercrossings by wildlife in southern California AN - 18886315; 5743791 AB - Roads, especially large highways, can have significant impacts on wildlife movement and survival. This is especially true for wide-ranging species, such as mammalian carnivores. Some of these impacts may be mitigated if wildlife can find and utilize passageways under highways. To determine if underpasses and drainage culverts beneath highways are used by wildlife as movement corridors, we monitored 15 such passages near Los Angeles, California using remotely triggered cameras and gypsum track stations. We found that passages were used by a variety of species, including carnivores, mule deer, small mammals, and reptiles. Many types of undercrossings were utilized, indicating that passages beneath highways, even when not originally designed for wildlife, can provide important safe avenues for animals to cross roads. For mammals of conservation concern, including native carnivores and deer, passage dimensions, surrounding habitat, and the extent of human activity were assessed to determine if these factors influenced passage use by these species. Our results show that while many native mammals used passages beneath highways, the presence of suitable habitat on either side of the passage was a particularly important factor predicting use. For deer and coyotes, passage dimensions were also important and should be considered with the presence of suitable habitat when wildlife passages are planned or evaluated. To increase the likelihood of utilization and to help prevent animals from crossing road surfaces, we suggest that simple improvements such as habitat restoration near crossing points and animal-proof fencing that serves to funnel wildlife to passages, can facilitate animal movement between fragmented habitats that are bisected by roads. JF - Biological Conservation AU - Ng, S J AU - Dole, J W AU - Sauvajot, R M AU - Riley, SPD AU - Valone, T J AD - Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge, CA 91330- 8303, USA, ray_sauvajot@nps.gov Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - Feb 2004 SP - 499 EP - 507 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 115 IS - 3 SN - 0006-3207, 0006-3207 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04705:Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18886315?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Conservation&rft.atitle=Use+of+highway+undercrossings+by+wildlife+in+southern+California&rft.au=Ng%2C+S+J%3BDole%2C+J+W%3BSauvajot%2C+R+M%3BRiley%2C+SPD%3BValone%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Ng&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=115&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=499&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Conservation&rft.issn=00063207&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0006-3207%2803%2900166-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3207(03)00166-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aggregation of liposomes induced by the toxic peptides Alzheimer's A beta s, human amylin and prion (106-126): facilitation by membrane-bound G sub(M1) ganglioside AN - 17915845; 5872218 AB - To compare both the peptide molecular self-aggregation and the interaction with membrane lipids of the Alzheimer's amyloid beta (A beta )40, A beta 42 peptides, and the cytotoxic peptides human amylin and prion (106-126) peptides, we applied a liposome aggregation technology. The kinetics of the changes in the optical density ([Delta]OD) of liposome suspensions generated by the aggregation of liposomes induced by these peptides, allowed us to comparatively analyze their phospholipid affinity and self-aggregation. The kinetic curves showed an initial nonlinear region where d([Delta]OD)/dt followed first order kinetics corresponding to the binding of the peptides to the membrane of the liposome, a linear region where d([Delta]OD)/dt was constant, corresponding to the interaction between two membrane-bound peptide molecules, and a final slower increasing nonlinear region that corresponds to nucleation or seeding of aggregation. The analysis of the aggregation curves demonstrated that amylin and prion peptides also showed affinity for the acidic phospholipid phosphatidylserine (PS), as it has previously been shown for the Alzheimer's A beta 40, A beta 42 peptides. A beta 42 showed the highest, and amylin the lowest, affinity for the liposome membrane. When bound to the membrane of the liposomes, all the peptides preserved the self-aggregation characteristics observed in solution. Aging the A beta 40 and A beta 42 peptide solutions that permit molecular self-aggregation reduced their capacity to induce liposome aggregation. The self-aggregation of membrane-bound prion molecules was several orders of magnitude higher than that observed for the other toxic peptides. Incorporation of the ganglioside G sub(M1) into the membrane of liposomes enhanced the peptide-induced liposome aggregation. Kinetic analysis revealed that this enhancement was due to facilitation of the formation of bridges between membrane-bound peptide molecules, demonstrating that the peptide-membrane interaction and the peptide amyloidogenesis are independent functions performed at separate molecular regions. JF - Peptides AU - Kurganov, B AU - Doh, M AU - Arispe, N AD - Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, and Institute for Molecular Medicine, Uniformed Services University School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd. Bethesda, MD 20814, USA, narispe@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - Feb 2004 SP - 217 EP - 232 PB - Elsevier Science Inc., Box 882 New York NY 10159 USA, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com] VL - 25 IS - 2 SN - 0196-9781, 0196-9781 KW - aggregation KW - man KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Ganglioside GM1 KW - ^b-Amyloid KW - Alzheimer's disease KW - Prion protein KW - amylin KW - Peptides KW - Liposomes KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17915845?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Peptides&rft.atitle=Aggregation+of+liposomes+induced+by+the+toxic+peptides+Alzheimer%27s+A+beta+s%2C+human+amylin+and+prion+%28106-126%29%3A+facilitation+by+membrane-bound+G+sub%28M1%29+ganglioside&rft.au=Kurganov%2C+B%3BDoh%2C+M%3BArispe%2C+N&rft.aulast=Kurganov&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Peptides&rft.issn=01969781&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.peptides.2004.01.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Peptides; Liposomes; amylin; ^b-Amyloid; Alzheimer's disease; Prion protein; Ganglioside GM1 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2004.01.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distribution of nociceptin/orphanin FQ in adult human brain. AN - 85306728; pmid-14715146 AB - Nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ), the endogenous agonist for the opioid receptor-like receptor 1 (ORL1), shows significant similarities to dynorphin A in structure and distribution in rat central nervous system. The distribution of N/OFQ in human brain has not been studied. We measured the concentrations of N/OFQ in 47 microdissected areas of the central nervous system of adult human brain using radioimmunoassay (RIA). Significant heterogeneity was found in the levels of N/OFQ concentration in the various analyzed regions. The highest concentrations were measured in the dorsal central gray matter (periaqueductal gray), the locus coeruleus, the ventromedial nucleus of hypothalamus, the septum and the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. High concentrations were also detected in other hypothamamic nuclei, the inferior colliculus, the ventral central gray matter, the pontine tegmentum, the amygdala, the reticular formation and the spinal trigeminal nucleus. Considerable similarity with the distribution of N/OFQ in rat CNS was observed. The widespread distribution in CNS predicts multifaceted functions for N/OFQ. JF - Brain Research AU - Witta Jassir AU - Palkovits Miklos AU - Rosenberger, John AU - Cox, Brian M AD - Department of Pharmacology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA. PY - 2004 SP - 24 EP - 29 VL - 997 IS - 1 SN - 0006-8993, 0006-8993 KW - Opioid Peptides KW - Brain Mapping KW - Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. KW - Chromatography, Gel KW - Human KW - Adult KW - Brain KW - Middle Aged KW - Radioimmunoassay KW - Female KW - Male KW - Brain Chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85306728?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+Research&rft.atitle=Distribution+of+nociceptin%2Forphanin+FQ+in+adult+human+brain.&rft.au=Witta+Jassir%3BPalkovits+Miklos%3BRosenberger%2C+John%3BCox%2C+Brian+M&rft.aulast=Witta+Jassir&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=997&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+Research&rft.issn=00068993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of the militarily-relevant heavy metals, depleted uranium and heavy metal tungsten-alloy on gene expression in human liver carcinoma cells (HepG2). AN - 80167244; 14971665 AB - Depleted uranium (DU) and heavy-metal tungsten alloys (HMTAs) are dense heavy-metals used primarily in military applications. Chemically similar to natural uranium, but depleted of the higher activity 235U and 234U isotopes, DU is a low specific activity, high-density heavy metal. In contrast, the non-radioactive HMTAs are composed of a mixture of tungsten (91-93%), nickel (3-5%), and cobalt (2-4%) particles. The use of DU and HMTAs in military munitions could result in their internalization in humans. Limited data exist however, regarding the long-term health effects of internalized DU and HMTAs in humans. Both DU and HMTAs possess a tumorigenic transforming potential and are genotoxic and mutagenic in vitro. Using insoluble DU-UO2 and a reconstituted mixture of tungsten, nickel, cobalt (rWNiCo), we tested their ability to induce stress genes in thirteen different recombinant cell lines generated from human liver carcinoma cells (HepG2). The commercially available CAT-Tox (L) cellular assay consists of a panel of cell lines stably transfected with reporter genes consisting of a coding sequence for chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) under transcriptional control by mammalian stress gene regulatory sequences. DU, (5-50 microg/ml) produced a complex profile of activity demonstrating significant dose-dependent induction of the hMTIIA FOS, p53RE, Gadd153, Gadd45, NFkappaBRE, CRE, HSP70, RARE, and GRP78 promoters. The rWNiCo mixture (5-50 microg/ml) showed dose-related induction of the GSTYA, hMTIIA, p53RE, FOS, NFkappaBRE, HSP70, and CRE promoters. An examination of the pure metals, tungsten (W), nickel (Ni), and cobalt (Co), comprising the rWNiCo mixture, demonstrated that each metal exhibited a similar pattern of gene induction, but at a significantly decreased magnitude than that of the rWNiCo mixture. These data showed a synergistic activation of gene expression by the metals in the rWNiCo mixture. Our data show for the first time that DU and rWNiCo can activate gene expression through several signal transduction pathways that may be involved in the toxicity and tumorigenicity of both DU and HMTAs. JF - Molecular and cellular biochemistry AU - Miller, Alexandra C AU - Brooks, Kia AU - Smith, Jan AU - Page, Natalie AD - Applied Cellular Radiobiology Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20889-5603, USA. millera@afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 247 EP - 256 VL - 255 IS - 1-2 SN - 0300-8177, 0300-8177 KW - Tungsten Compounds KW - 0 KW - Cobalt KW - 3G0H8C9362 KW - Uranium KW - 4OC371KSTK KW - Nickel KW - 7OV03QG267 KW - Index Medicus KW - Cobalt -- toxicity KW - Gene Expression Profiling KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis KW - Humans KW - Carcinoma, Hepatocellular -- genetics KW - Nickel -- toxicity KW - Transcriptional Activation KW - Liver Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Tungsten Compounds -- toxicity KW - Uranium -- toxicity KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80167244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+cellular+biochemistry&rft.atitle=Effect+of+the+militarily-relevant+heavy+metals%2C+depleted+uranium+and+heavy+metal+tungsten-alloy+on+gene+expression+in+human+liver+carcinoma+cells+%28HepG2%29.&rft.au=Miller%2C+Alexandra+C%3BBrooks%2C+Kia%3BSmith%2C+Jan%3BPage%2C+Natalie&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Alexandra&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=255&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+and+cellular+biochemistry&rft.issn=03008177&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-09-14 N1 - Date created - 2004-02-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stress impairs alpha(1A) adrenoceptor-mediated noradrenergic facilitation of GABAergic transmission in the basolateral amygdala. AN - 80070302; 14532911 AB - Intense or chronic stress can produce pathophysiological alterations in the systems involved in the stress response. The amygdala is a key component of the brain's neuronal network that processes and assigns emotional value to life's experiences, consolidates the memory of emotionally significant events, and organizes the behavioral response to these events. Clinical evidence indicates that certain stress-related affective disorders are associated with changes in the amygdala's excitability, implicating a possible dysfunction of the GABAergic system. An important modulator of the GABAergic synaptic transmission, and one that is also central to the stress response is norepinephrine (NE). In the present study, we examined the hypothesis that stress impairs the noradrenergic modulation of GABAergic transmission in the basolateral amygdala (BLA). In control rats, NE (10 microM) facilitated spontaneous, evoked, and miniature IPSCs in the presence of beta and alpha(2) adrenoceptor antagonists. The effects of NE were not blocked by alpha(1D) and alpha(1B) adrenoceptor antagonists, and were mimicked by the alpha(1A) agonist, A61603 (1 microM). In restrain/tail-shock stressed rats, NE or A61603 had no significant effects on GABAergic transmission. Thus, in the BLA, NE acting via presynaptic alpha(1A) adrenoceptors facilitates GABAergic inhibition, and this effect is severely impaired by stress. This is the first direct evidence of stress-induced impairment in the modulation of GABAergic synaptic transmission. The present findings provide an insight into possible mechanisms underlying the antiepileptogenic effects of NE in temporal lobe epilepsy, the hyperexcitability and hyper-responsiveness of the amygdala in certain stress-related affective disorders, and the stress-induced exacerbation of seizure activity in epileptic patients. JF - Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology AU - Braga, Maria Fatima M AU - Aroniadou-Anderjaska, Vassiliki AU - Manion, Sean T AU - Hough, Christopher J AU - Li, He AD - Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 45 EP - 58 VL - 29 IS - 1 SN - 0893-133X, 0893-133X KW - (+)-(S)-5,5-dimethylmorpholinyl-2-acetic acid KW - 0 KW - A 61603 KW - Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists KW - Adrenergic beta-Antagonists KW - Anesthetics, Local KW - Estrenes KW - Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists KW - GABA Antagonists KW - Imidazoles KW - Isoquinolines KW - Morpholines KW - Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors KW - Pyrrolidinones KW - Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1 KW - Tetrahydronaphthalenes KW - 1-(6-((3-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-yl)amino)hexyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione KW - 112648-68-7 KW - U 73343 KW - 142878-12-4 KW - Tetrodotoxin KW - 4368-28-9 KW - gamma-Aminobutyric Acid KW - 56-12-2 KW - 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione KW - 6OTE87SCCW KW - 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate KW - 76726-92-6 KW - lucifer yellow KW - 9654F8OVKE KW - Propranolol KW - 9Y8NXQ24VQ KW - Norepinephrine KW - X4W3ENH1CV KW - Bicuculline KW - Y37615DVKC KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Imidazoles -- pharmacology KW - Norepinephrine -- pharmacology KW - Propranolol -- pharmacology KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Aging KW - 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione -- pharmacology KW - Neural Inhibition -- drug effects KW - Restraint, Physical -- methods KW - Rats KW - Body Weight KW - Tetrahydronaphthalenes -- pharmacology KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Neurons -- physiology KW - Estrenes -- pharmacology KW - Time Factors KW - Pyrrolidinones -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - Patch-Clamp Techniques -- methods KW - Bicuculline -- pharmacology KW - Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Anesthetics, Local -- pharmacology KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Morpholines -- pharmacology KW - Isoquinolines -- metabolism KW - Animals, Newborn KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate -- pharmacology KW - Membrane Potentials -- drug effects KW - Tetrodotoxin -- pharmacology KW - Adrenergic beta-Antagonists -- pharmacology KW - Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists -- pharmacology KW - Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1 -- metabolism KW - Amygdala -- physiopathology KW - Amygdala -- metabolism KW - Stress, Physiological -- metabolism KW - Amygdala -- cytology KW - gamma-Aminobutyric Acid -- metabolism KW - Amygdala -- drug effects KW - GABA Antagonists -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80070302?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuropsychopharmacology+%3A+official+publication+of+the+American+College+of+Neuropsychopharmacology&rft.atitle=Stress+impairs+alpha%281A%29+adrenoceptor-mediated+noradrenergic+facilitation+of+GABAergic+transmission+in+the+basolateral+amygdala.&rft.au=Braga%2C+Maria+Fatima+M%3BAroniadou-Anderjaska%2C+Vassiliki%3BManion%2C+Sean+T%3BHough%2C+Christopher+J%3BLi%2C+He&rft.aulast=Braga&rft.aufirst=Maria+Fatima&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuropsychopharmacology+%3A+official+publication+of+the+American+College+of+Neuropsychopharmacology&rft.issn=0893133X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-02-17 N1 - Date created - 2003-12-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Architecture of the Alzheimer's A beta P ion channel pore. AN - 71734964; 15014916 AB - We have proposed that the cytotoxic action of Alzheimer's amyloid beta protein might be initiated by the interaction with the neuronal cell membrane, and subsequent formation of toxic ion channels. Consequently, A beta P toxicity can be explained on the basis of harmful ion fluxes across A beta P channels. The conformation of A beta P in membranes is not known. However, several models suggests that a transmembrane annular polymeric structure is responsible for the ion channel properties of the membrane-bound A beta P. To identify that portion of the A beta P molecule making up the conducting pore we have hypothesized that the region of the A beta P sequence in the vicinity of the hypothetical pore might interact with complementary regions in the adjacent A beta P subunits. We have further hypothesized that an interaction by a peptide segment would block A beta P conductance. To test this hypothesis we synthesized peptides that encompass the histidine dyad (H-H) previously hypothesized to line the pore. We report here that peptides designed to most closely match the proposed pore are, in fact, the most effective at blocking ion currents through the membrane-incorporated A beta P channel. As previously shown for Zn(2+) blockade, peptide blockade is also asymmetric. The results also provide additional evidence for the asymmetric insertion of the A beta P molecules into lipid membranes, and give support to the concept that rings of histidines line the entry to one side of the A beta P pore. JF - The Journal of membrane biology AU - Arispe, N AD - Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, and Institute for Molecular Medicine, Uniformed Services, University School of Medicine, USUHS, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA. narispe@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2004/01/01/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Jan 01 SP - 33 EP - 48 VL - 197 IS - 1 SN - 0022-2631, 0022-2631 KW - Amyloid beta-Peptides KW - 0 KW - Lipid Bilayers KW - Liposomes KW - Membranes, Artificial KW - Peptides KW - Histidine KW - 4QD397987E KW - Index Medicus KW - Permeability KW - Electric Conductivity KW - Porosity KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Membrane Potentials KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Sequence Homology, Amino Acid KW - Protein Structure, Tertiary KW - Amino Acid Substitution KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Protein Conformation KW - Histidine -- chemistry KW - Ion Channel Gating KW - Amyloid beta-Peptides -- chemistry KW - Peptides -- chemistry KW - Lipid Bilayers -- chemistry KW - Liposomes -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71734964?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+membrane+biology&rft.atitle=Architecture+of+the+Alzheimer%27s+A+beta+P+ion+channel+pore.&rft.au=Arispe%2C+N&rft.aulast=Arispe&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=197&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+membrane+biology&rft.issn=00222631&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-09-14 N1 - Date created - 2004-03-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogen peroxide mediates FK506-induced cytotoxicity in renal cells. AN - 71567272; 14675044 AB - The nephrotoxicity induced by immunosuppressant FK506 remains a serious clinical problem, and the underlying mechanism has not been completely understood. The present study was undertaken to determine the role of hydrogen peroxide in FK506-mediated cytotoxicity in a porcine renal proximal tubular cell line, LLC-PK1 cells, and human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells. Cytotoxicity was estimated by crystal violet and lactate dehydrogenase release assays. The activity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected by flow cytometry. FK506-induced cell death was examined in the presence of the hydrogen peroxide scavenger, catalase, or a scavenger of hydroxyl radicals, sodium benzoate. As a control, FK506-induced cell death was also measured in the presence of superoxide anion inhibitor, 4,5-dihydroxy-1,2-benzene disulfonic acid (Tiron), TEMPO, or overexpressed human manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD). Catalase was also used in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-induced cell injury to determine whether the enzyme specifically protected cells against FK506-mediated cytotoxicity. FK506 induced cell death in a dose-dependent manner and coincided with a dose-dependent increase in ROS activity. Abrogation of FK506-mediated ROS by catalase and N-acetylcysteine blunted FK506-induced cell death. Furthermore, overexpression of catalase, sodium benzoate, and deferoxamine inhibited the cytotoxic effect of FK506. In contrast, Tiron, TEMPO, or overexpression of human MnSOD failed to show cytoprotection. In fact, TEMPO or expression of MnSOD enhanced the effect of FK506. Catalase did not significantly affect TNF-alpha-induced cell injury. Catalase is uniquely required in cellular protection against FK506 cytotoxicity, which suggests an important role for hydrogen peroxide in the cellular actions of FK506. JF - Kidney international AU - Zhou, Xiaoming AU - Yang, Guang AU - Davis, Christopher A AU - Doi, Sonia Q AU - Hirszel, Przemyslaw AU - Wingo, Charles S AU - Agarwal, Anupam AD - Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA. xiazhou@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 139 EP - 147 VL - 65 IS - 1 SN - 0085-2538, 0085-2538 KW - Immunosuppressive Agents KW - 0 KW - Reactive Oxygen Species KW - Superoxides KW - 11062-77-4 KW - Hydrogen Peroxide KW - BBX060AN9V KW - Catalase KW - EC 1.11.1.6 KW - Tacrolimus KW - WM0HAQ4WNM KW - Index Medicus KW - Swine KW - Reactive Oxygen Species -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Superoxides -- metabolism KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic KW - Transfection KW - Humans KW - Catalase -- genetics KW - LLC-PK1 Cells KW - Cell Death -- drug effects KW - Tacrolimus -- toxicity KW - Hydrogen Peroxide -- metabolism KW - Immunosuppressive Agents -- toxicity KW - Kidney -- cytology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71567272?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kidney+international&rft.atitle=Hydrogen+peroxide+mediates+FK506-induced+cytotoxicity+in+renal+cells.&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Xiaoming%3BYang%2C+Guang%3BDavis%2C+Christopher+A%3BDoi%2C+Sonia+Q%3BHirszel%2C+Przemyslaw%3BWingo%2C+Charles+S%3BAgarwal%2C+Anupam&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Xiaoming&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Kidney+international&rft.issn=00852538&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-09-28 N1 - Date created - 2003-12-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Caisson disease during the construction of the Eads and Brooklyn Bridges: A review. AN - 67241344; 15686275 AB - The Eads Bridge (St. Louis) and the Brooklyn Bridge (New York City) were testing grounds for caisson construction. These caissons were enormous compressed air boxes used to build riverine piers and abutments anchoring the bridges. Caisson meant faster and cheaper construction, but there was a hidden cost---caisson disease (decompression sickness). Within caissons, workers labored at pressures as high as 55 psig and caisson disease was common. This discourse is a brief history of the caisson, a brief discussion of the illness as viewed in the mid 1800's, and an abbreviated history of the Eads and Brooklyn Bridges. It also provides a detailed description and evaluation of the observations, countermeasures, and recommendations of Dr. Alphonse Jaminet, the Eads Bridge physician, and Dr. Andrew Smith, the Brooklyn Bridge physician, who published reports of their experience in 1871 and 1873, respectively. These and other primary sources permit a detailed examination of early caisson disease and Jaminet's and Smith's thinking also serve as good examples from which to study and learn. JF - Undersea & hyperbaric medicine : journal of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc AU - Butler, W P AD - Division of Aerospace Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 445 EP - 459 VL - 31 IS - 4 SN - 1066-2936, 1066-2936 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Smith KW - Jaminet KW - Rivers KW - New York City KW - Missouri KW - Humans KW - Transportation -- history KW - Physical Exertion -- physiology KW - History, 19th Century KW - Occupational Medicine -- history KW - Engineering -- history KW - Decompression Sickness -- prevention & control KW - Decompression Sickness -- etiology KW - Occupational Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Occupational Diseases -- history KW - Occupational Diseases -- etiology KW - Decompression Sickness -- history UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67241344?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Undersea+%26+hyperbaric+medicine+%3A+journal+of+the+Undersea+and+Hyperbaric+Medical+Society%2C+Inc&rft.atitle=Caisson+disease+during+the+construction+of+the+Eads+and+Brooklyn+Bridges%3A+A+review.&rft.au=Butler%2C+W+P&rft.aulast=Butler&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=445&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Undersea+%26+hyperbaric+medicine+%3A+journal+of+the+Undersea+and+Hyperbaric+Medical+Society%2C+Inc&rft.issn=10662936&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-02-07 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - People - Jaminet; Smith N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Jaminet; Smith ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The participation of nitric oxide in peritoneal exudate cell cytotoxicity of mice by Fusobacterium nucleatum. AN - 66804796; 15322341 AB - Previously we reported that mice infected recurrently with live Fusobacterium nucleatum(Fn) synthesize a significant amount of NO between 12 hr and 24 hr after Fn injection. Fn is a gram-negative rod periodontal pathogen. NO could not be induced by heat-killed Fn or in untreated mice. This NO, derived from the iNOS after infection of live Fn, was not involved in the Fn reduction because Fn clearance occurs within 6 hr. We investigated in this study whether this NO was involved in cytotoxicity in peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) in vivo. The mice were divided into two groups: those treated with live Fn (immune) and those left untreated (normal). PEC number, NO production, detection of apoptosis or death cells, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release activity after injection of live Fn were compared in these groups. In the immune group, the increase of the total cell numbers caused by an increase in neutrophils, a significant NO production only after injection of live Fn at 24 hr and identification of iNOS positive macrophages were confirmed. The apoptotic rate was very low and did not increase at 24 hr in vivo. Therefore, apoptosis was seldom relevant to the NO. In the immune group, LDH activity was remarkable high at 24 hr, and dead cells and macrophages phagocytizing cell fragments increased at the same time. Pretreatment of L NMMA, an inhibitor of iNOS, suppressed LDH activity and cell death. Therefore, the NO derived from the iNOS is involved in the cytotoxicity. These results suggest that NO may contribute to the inflammatory response during Fn infection in periodontitis. JF - Microbiology and immunology AU - Kato, Chihomi AU - Mikami, Masato AU - Saito, Kazuko AD - Department of Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Nippon Dental University at Niigata, 1-8 Hamuracho, Niigata 951-8580, Japan. ckato@ngt.ndu.ac.jp Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 607 EP - 615 VL - 48 IS - 8 SN - 0385-5600, 0385-5600 KW - Enzyme Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - omega-N-Methylarginine KW - 27JT06E6GR KW - Nitric Oxide KW - 31C4KY9ESH KW - L-Lactate Dehydrogenase KW - EC 1.1.1.27 KW - Nitric Oxide Synthase KW - EC 1.14.13.39 KW - Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II KW - Nos2 protein, mouse KW - Index Medicus KW - Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms KW - Animals KW - Mice, Inbred ICR KW - Apoptosis KW - Enzyme Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - omega-N-Methylarginine -- pharmacology KW - Mice KW - Phagocytosis KW - Nitric Oxide Synthase -- metabolism KW - L-Lactate Dehydrogenase -- metabolism KW - Nitric Oxide -- toxicity KW - Fusobacterium nucleatum -- pathogenicity KW - Ascitic Fluid -- cytology KW - Fusobacterium Infections -- physiopathology KW - Ascitic Fluid -- immunology KW - Ascitic Fluid -- pathology KW - Fusobacterium Infections -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66804796?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbiology+and+immunology&rft.atitle=The+participation+of+nitric+oxide+in+peritoneal+exudate+cell+cytotoxicity+of+mice+by+Fusobacterium+nucleatum.&rft.au=Kato%2C+Chihomi%3BMikami%2C+Masato%3BSaito%2C+Kazuko&rft.aulast=Kato&rft.aufirst=Chihomi&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=607&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbiology+and+immunology&rft.issn=03855600&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-11-06 N1 - Date created - 2004-08-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Post-war syndromes: illustrating the impact of the social psyche on notions of risk, responsibility, reason, and remedy. AN - 66745910; 15274499 AB - The 20th century offered many examples of post-war syndromes such as Da Costa's syndrome, irritable heart, shell shock, effort syndrome, medical evacuation syndrome, post-traumatic stress disorder, and Gulf War syndrome. These post-war syndromes occur under conditions of substantial medical and scientific uncertainty, conditions that potentially magnify the impact of social context on clinical care for these syndromes. This article reviews the social circumstances surrounding four post-war syndromes. The case is made that social context has significantly impacted professional and lay perceptions of causal mediators, relevant risk factors, defining symptoms, and appropriate therapies for these syndromes. Furthermore, it is argued that social context influences what parties are held responsible for post-war syndromes, and what clinical disciplines are ultimately deemed appropriate to provide legitimate post-war illness care. JF - The journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis and Dynamic Psychiatry AU - Engel, Charles C AD - Department of Psychiatry, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services, University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA. cengel@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 321 EP - 34; discussion 335-43 VL - 32 IS - 2 SN - 1546-0371, 1546-0371 KW - Index Medicus KW - Models, Psychological KW - Humans KW - Persian Gulf Syndrome -- rehabilitation KW - Persian Gulf Syndrome -- psychology KW - Combat Disorders -- psychology KW - Military Personnel -- psychology KW - Veterans -- psychology KW - Combat Disorders -- rehabilitation KW - Occupational Diseases -- rehabilitation KW - Occupational Diseases -- psychology KW - Social Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66745910?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+journal+of+the+American+Academy+of+Psychoanalysis+and+Dynamic+Psychiatry&rft.atitle=Post-war+syndromes%3A+illustrating+the+impact+of+the+social+psyche+on+notions+of+risk%2C+responsibility%2C+reason%2C+and+remedy.&rft.au=Engel%2C+Charles+C&rft.aulast=Engel&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=321&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+journal+of+the+American+Academy+of+Psychoanalysis+and+Dynamic+Psychiatry&rft.issn=15460371&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-11-16 N1 - Date created - 2004-07-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Can we prevent a second 'Gulf War syndrome'? Population-based healthcare for chronic idiopathic pain and fatigue after war. AN - 66702862; 15248370 AB - In the 1991 Gulf War less than 150 of nearly 700,000 deployed US troops were killed in action. Today, however, over 1 in 7 US veterans of the war has sought federal healthcare for related-health concerns, and fully 17% of UK Gulf War veterans describe themselves as suffering from the 'Gulf War syndrome', a set of poorly defined and heterogeneous ailments consisting mainly of chronic pain, fatigue, depression and other symptoms. Even though over 250 million dollars of federally funded medical research has failed to identify a unique syndrome, the debate regarding potential causes continues and has included oil well smoke, contagious infections, exposure to chemical and biological warfare agents, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Historical analyses completed since the Gulf War have found that postwar syndromes consisting of chronic pain, fatigue, depression and other symptoms have occurred after every war in the 20th century. These syndromes have gone by a variety of names such as Da Costa's syndrome, irritable heart, shell shock, neurocirculatory asthenia, and battle fatigue. Though the direct causes of these syndromes are typically elusive, it is clear that war sets in motion an undeniable cycle of physical, emotional, and fiscal consequences for war veterans and for society. These findings lead to important healthcare questions. Is there a way to prevent or mitigate subsequent postwar symptoms and associated depression and disability? We argue that while idiopathic symptoms are certain to occur following any war, a population-based approach to postwar healthcare can mitigate the impact of postwar syndromes and foster societal, military, and veteran trust. This article delineates the model, describes its epidemiological foundations, and details examples of how it is being adopted and improved as part of the system of care for US military personnel, war veterans and families. A scientific test of the model's overall effectiveness is difficult, yet healthcare systems for combatants and their families are already being put to pragmatic tests as troops return from war in Iraq and Afghanistan and from other military challenges. JF - Advances in psychosomatic medicine AU - Engel, Charles C AU - Jaffer, Ambereen AU - Adkins, Joyce AU - Riddle, James R AU - Gibson, Roger AD - Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Md. 20814-4799, USA. cengel@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 102 EP - 122 VL - 25 SN - 0065-3268, 0065-3268 KW - Index Medicus KW - Patient Acceptance of Health Care KW - Humans KW - Terrorism -- psychology KW - Veterans -- psychology KW - Disability Evaluation KW - Pain -- diagnosis KW - Chronic Disease KW - Pain -- epidemiology KW - Time Factors KW - Population Surveillance -- methods KW - Fatigue -- therapy KW - Fatigue -- epidemiology KW - Pain Management KW - Persian Gulf Syndrome -- epidemiology KW - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic -- prevention & control KW - Persian Gulf Syndrome -- psychology KW - Fatigue -- diagnosis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66702862?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+psychosomatic+medicine&rft.atitle=Can+we+prevent+a+second+%27Gulf+War+syndrome%27%3F+Population-based+healthcare+for+chronic+idiopathic+pain+and+fatigue+after+war.&rft.au=Engel%2C+Charles+C%3BJaffer%2C+Ambereen%3BAdkins%2C+Joyce%3BRiddle%2C+James+R%3BGibson%2C+Roger&rft.aulast=Engel&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=102&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+psychosomatic+medicine&rft.issn=00653268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-09-21 N1 - Date created - 2004-07-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Agroterrorism in the U.S.: key security challenge for the 21st century. AN - 66666173; 15225403 AB - Agriculture is one of the easiest sectors of the U.S. economy to disrupt, and its disruption could have catastrophic consequences for the U.S. and world economies. Agriculture in the U.S. accounts for 13% of the current Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and provides employment for 15% of the population. It produces high-quality, cheap, plentiful food for domestic consumption and accounts for more than $50 billion in exports. The likelihood of terrorist acts interrupting the production, processing, and distribution of agricultural products is high: A number of different possible plant or animal pathogens could cause harm or loss of production, and even an act of agroterrorism that did not result in the destruction of foodstuffs or interruptions in the food supply could have a psychological impact. A number of recent unintentional events and epidemics have prompted the U.S. and other countries to provide resources to counteract contagious diseases and contain their impact, including increased funding to federal agencies that are responsible for protecting domestic agriculture. This article presents recommendations to protect agriculture, including changing the way agriculture is viewed on the federal level and increasing the resources to protect agriculture from terrorist attack. JF - Biosecurity and bioterrorism : biodefense strategy, practice, and science AU - Cupp, O Shawn AU - Walker, David E AU - Hillison, John AD - Department of Logistics and Resource Operations, United States Army Command and General Staff College, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas 66027, USA. orville.cupp@leavenworth.army.mil Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 97 EP - 105 VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 1538-7135, 1538-7135 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Disaster Planning -- trends KW - Humans KW - Public Policy KW - Zoonoses -- transmission KW - Plant Diseases KW - Security Measures -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Agriculture KW - Food Contamination -- prevention & control KW - Bioterrorism -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Security Measures -- trends KW - Bioterrorism -- prevention & control KW - Food Supply -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66666173?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biosecurity+and+bioterrorism+%3A+biodefense+strategy%2C+practice%2C+and+science&rft.atitle=Agroterrorism+in+the+U.S.%3A+key+security+challenge+for+the+21st+century.&rft.au=Cupp%2C+O+Shawn%3BWalker%2C+David+E%3BHillison%2C+John&rft.aulast=Cupp&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biosecurity+and+bioterrorism+%3A+biodefense+strategy%2C+practice%2C+and+science&rft.issn=15387135&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-10-06 N1 - Date created - 2004-06-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - America's Iraq Strategy: Democratic Chimeras, Regional Realities AN - 60692240; 200408246 AB - When US policymakers discuss the democratization of Iraq & the Middle East, have they set out concrete criteria for what that means? Have they put together the indicators for when it is time to go home? Have they established, in short, what is enough democracy, & who decides? Adapted from the source document. JF - Current History AU - Salmoni, Barak A AD - US Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 17 EP - 20 VL - 103 IS - 669 SN - 0011-3530, 0011-3530 KW - United States of America KW - Democracy KW - Foreign Policy KW - Political Development KW - Middle East KW - Iraq KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60692240?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+History&rft.atitle=America%27s+Iraq+Strategy%3A+Democratic+Chimeras%2C+Regional+Realities&rft.au=Salmoni%2C+Barak+A&rft.aulast=Salmoni&rft.aufirst=Barak&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=669&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+History&rft.issn=00113530&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United States of America; Iraq; Democracy; Middle East; Foreign Policy; Political Development ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The United States and Asia in 2004: Unfinished Business AN - 60677332; 200513903 AB - US-Asian relations in 2004 were largely a waiting game. There were continued challenges to the regional status quo, but the United States was intent on deflecting & deferring the possibility of major change. The Bush administration, preoccupied by the president's reelection campaign & increased violence & instability in Iraq, sought principally to avoid potential crises, while hoping to garner increased regional support for U.S. policy goals, including in Iraq. As a second Bush presidential term approached, the agenda confronting U.S. policy makers seemed uncomfortably full, reflecting equal measures of unfinished business, pressures for change on both sides of the Pacific, & the ever-present potential for a major regional crisis. Adapted from the source document. JF - Asian Survey AU - Pollack, Jonathan D AD - U.S.Naval War Coll, Newport, RI pollackj@nwc.navy.mil Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 1 EP - 13 VL - 45 IS - 1 SN - 0004-4687, 0004-4687 KW - War KW - United States of America KW - International Relations KW - Foreign Policy KW - Asia KW - Iraq KW - Public Support KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60677332?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asian+Survey&rft.atitle=The+United+States+and+Asia+in+2004%3A+Unfinished+Business&rft.au=Pollack%2C+Jonathan+D&rft.aulast=Pollack&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Asian+Survey&rft.issn=00044687&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United States of America; Asia; International Relations; Foreign Policy; Public Support; Iraq; War ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Civil-Military Relations in Peacebuilding AN - 60664118; 200514418 AB - Civil-military relations are vital to the coherence & effectiveness of post-conflict peacebuilding, but have often been problematic. This article argues that civil-military issues vary systematically in relation to the particular civil & military actors in peacebuilding, & that the coercive content of the external military's mission creates special challenges in each of these sets of relationships. Given the significance of the military footprint, the article presents trade-offs for policymakers intending to use military forces to make peace. Adapted from the source document. JF - Sicherheit und Frieden/Security and Peace AU - Guttieri, Karen AD - Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2004///0, PY - 2004 DA - 0, 2004 SP - 79 EP - 85 VL - 22 IS - 2 SN - 0175-274X, 0175-274X KW - Peacekeeping KW - Government Policy KW - Peace KW - Conflict Resolution KW - Military Civilian Relations KW - article KW - 9091: government/political systems; armed forces UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60664118?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sicherheit+und+Frieden%2FSecurity+and+Peace&rft.atitle=Civil-Military+Relations+in+Peacebuilding&rft.au=Guttieri%2C+Karen&rft.aulast=Guttieri&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sicherheit+und+Frieden%2FSecurity+and+Peace&rft.issn=0175274X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Military Civilian Relations; Conflict Resolution; Peace; Peacekeeping; Government Policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The United States and Asia in 2003: All Quiet on the Eastern Front? AN - 60151805; 200408213 AB - US-Asian relations in 2003 appeared on the cusp of major change. The Bush administration (preoccupied by far more pressing challenges in the Persian Gulf & Southwest Asia) sought to deflect potential crises in Korea & the Taiwan Strait, while also hoping to tether regional states to the new American security agenda. Although nearly all Asian states voiced assent for US efforts to counter international terrorism, this support often reflected practical realities, not a deeper congruence of interests with Washington's. The path ahead for the US in Asia remained unsettled, with crises deferred rather than resolved. Adapted from the source document. JF - Asian Survey AU - Pollack, Jonathan D AD - Dept Strategic Research, US Naval War Coll, Newport, RI pollackj@nwc.navy.mil Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 1 EP - 13 VL - 44 IS - 1 SN - 0004-4687, 0004-4687 KW - East Asia KW - Diplomacy KW - United States of America KW - International Relations KW - Foreign Policy KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60151805?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asian+Survey&rft.atitle=The+United+States+and+Asia+in+2003%3A+All+Quiet+on+the+Eastern+Front%3F&rft.au=Pollack%2C+Jonathan+D&rft.aulast=Pollack&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Asian+Survey&rft.issn=00044687&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-10-30 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - International Relations; East Asia; United States of America; Diplomacy; Foreign Policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Infragravity rip current pulsations AN - 51831971; 2004-052311 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - MacMahan, Jamie H AU - Reniers, Ad J H M AU - Thornton, Edward B AU - Stanton, Tim P Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 9 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 109 IS - C1 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - United States KW - East Pacific KW - ocean circulation KW - Northeast Pacific KW - surf zones KW - infragravity waves KW - Sand City KW - frequency KW - tides KW - California KW - rip currents KW - North Pacific KW - Pacific Ocean KW - ocean waves KW - velocity KW - bathymetry KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51831971?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Infragravity+rip+current+pulsations&rft.au=MacMahan%2C+Jamie+H%3BReniers%2C+Ad+J+H+M%3BThornton%2C+Edward+B%3BStanton%2C+Tim+P&rft.aulast=MacMahan&rft.aufirst=Jamie&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=C1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003JC002068 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sect., geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bathymetry; California; East Pacific; frequency; infragravity waves; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; ocean circulation; ocean waves; Pacific Ocean; rip currents; Sand City; surf zones; tides; United States; velocity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JC002068 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Morphodynamic modeling of an embayed beach under wave group forcing AN - 51831149; 2004-052310 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Reniers, A J H M AU - Roelvink, J A AU - Thornton, Edward B Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 22 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 109 IS - C1 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - scour KW - ocean circulation KW - numerical models KW - sediment transport KW - rip channels KW - infragravity waves KW - erosion KW - sedimentation KW - wave groups KW - nearshore environment KW - marine sedimentation KW - two-dimensional models KW - models KW - beaches KW - ocean waves KW - continental shelf KW - bathymetry KW - littoral erosion KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51831149?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Morphodynamic+modeling+of+an+embayed+beach+under+wave+group+forcing&rft.au=Reniers%2C+A+J+H+M%3BRoelvink%2C+J+A%3BThornton%2C+Edward+B&rft.aulast=Reniers&rft.aufirst=A+J+H&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=C1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002JC001586 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 66 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, block diag. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bathymetry; beaches; continental shelf; erosion; infragravity waves; littoral erosion; marine sedimentation; models; nearshore environment; numerical models; ocean circulation; ocean waves; rip channels; scour; sediment transport; sedimentation; two-dimensional models; wave groups DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002JC001586 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field observations of shear waves in the surf zone AN - 51828417; 2004-052313 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Noyes, T James AU - Guza, R T AU - Elgar, Steve AU - Herbers, T H C Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 16 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 109 IS - C1 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - United States KW - currents KW - Northwest Atlantic KW - body waves KW - ocean circulation KW - surf zones KW - shorelines KW - longshore currents KW - Duck North Carolina KW - Dare County North Carolina KW - elastic waves KW - ocean currents KW - ocean waves KW - North Carolina KW - seismic waves KW - continental shelf KW - bathymetry KW - North Atlantic KW - S-waves KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - field studies KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51828417?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Field+observations+of+shear+waves+in+the+surf+zone&rft.au=Noyes%2C+T+James%3BGuza%2C+R+T%3BElgar%2C+Steve%3BHerbers%2C+T+H+C&rft.aulast=Noyes&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=C1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002JC001761 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; bathymetry; body waves; continental shelf; currents; Dare County North Carolina; Duck North Carolina; elastic waves; field studies; longshore currents; North Atlantic; North Carolina; Northwest Atlantic; ocean circulation; ocean currents; ocean waves; S-waves; seismic waves; shorelines; surf zones; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002JC001761 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surfzone bacteria patterns AN - 51767026; 2005-008557 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Rosenfeld, Leslie Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - United States KW - East Pacific KW - sea water KW - patterns KW - sewage KW - Northeast Pacific KW - Orange County California KW - effluents KW - shorelines KW - pollution KW - variations KW - California KW - beaches KW - Huntington Beach KW - North Pacific KW - Pacific Ocean KW - bacteria KW - coliform bacteria KW - coastal environment KW - USGS KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51767026?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Surfzone+bacteria+patterns&rft.au=Rosenfeld%2C+Leslie&rft.aulast=Rosenfeld&rft.aufirst=Leslie&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1019/chap3.html https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/browse/usgs-publications/OFR LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Dec. 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; beaches; California; coastal environment; coliform bacteria; East Pacific; effluents; Huntington Beach; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Orange County California; Pacific Ocean; patterns; pollution; sea water; sewage; shorelines; United States; USGS; variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temporal and spatial patterns for surfzone bacteria before and after disinfection of the OCSD outfall AN - 51761201; 2005-008565 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Noble, Marlene A AU - Xu, Jingping AU - Robertson, George AU - Rosenfeld, Leslie AU - Jones, Burton AU - McGee, Charles Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - United States KW - East Pacific KW - sea water KW - patterns KW - sewage KW - Northeast Pacific KW - surf zones KW - Orange County California KW - effluents KW - shorelines KW - pollution KW - California KW - beaches KW - Huntington Beach KW - North Pacific KW - water treatment KW - Pacific Ocean KW - bacteria KW - coastal environment KW - USGS KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51761201?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Temporal+and+spatial+patterns+for+surfzone+bacteria+before+and+after+disinfection+of+the+OCSD+outfall&rft.au=Noble%2C+Marlene+A%3BXu%2C+Jingping%3BRobertson%2C+George%3BRosenfeld%2C+Leslie%3BJones%2C+Burton%3BMcGee%2C+Charles&rft.aulast=Noble&rft.aufirst=Marlene&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1019/chap11.html https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/browse/usgs-publications/OFR LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Dec. 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; beaches; California; coastal environment; East Pacific; effluents; Huntington Beach; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Orange County California; Pacific Ocean; patterns; pollution; sea water; sewage; shorelines; surf zones; United States; USGS; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Containment of groundwater contamination plumes; minimizing drawdown by aligning capture wells parallel to regional flow AN - 51651953; 2005-063338 AB - Pump-and-treat systems that are installed to contain contaminated groundwater migration typically involve placement of extraction wells perpendicular to the regional groundwater flow direction at the down gradient edge of a contaminant plume. These wells capture contaminated water for above ground treatment and disposal, thereby preventing further migration of contaminated water down gradient. In this work, examining two-, three-, and four-well systems, we compare well configurations that are parallel and perpendicular to the regional groundwater flow direction. We show that orienting extraction wells co-linearly, parallel to regional flow, results in (1) a larger area of aquifer influenced by the wells at a given total well flow rate, (2) a center and ultimate capture zone width equal to the perpendicular configuration, and (3) more flexibility with regard to minimizing drawdown. Although not suited for some scenarios, we found orienting extraction wells parallel to regional flow along a plume centerline, when compared to a perpendicular configuration, reduces drawdown by up to 7% and minimizes the fraction of uncontaminated water captured. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Christ, John A AU - Goltz, Mark N Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 52 EP - 68 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 286 IS - 1-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - orientation KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollution KW - preferential flow KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - capture zones KW - drawdown KW - theoretical models KW - hydrodynamics KW - water wells KW - water pollution KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51651953?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Containment+of+groundwater+contamination+plumes%3B+minimizing+drawdown+by+aligning+capture+wells+parallel+to+regional+flow&rft.au=Christ%2C+John+A%3BGoltz%2C+Mark+N&rft.aulast=Christ&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=286&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=52&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2003.09.012 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - capture zones; contaminant plumes; drawdown; ground water; hydrodynamics; orientation; pollution; preferential flow; remediation; theoretical models; water pollution; water wells DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2003.09.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Huntington Beach shoreline contamination investigation; Phase III, final report; coastal circulation and transport patterns; the likelihood of OCSD's plume impacting Huntington Beach shoreline AN - 50273905; 2005-008556 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Hamilton, Peter AU - Jones, Burton AU - Largier, John AU - Noble, Marlene A AU - Rosenfeld, Leslie AU - Xu, Jingping Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - United States KW - sea water KW - Northeast Pacific KW - contaminant plumes KW - California KW - laboratory studies KW - beaches KW - Huntington Beach KW - Escherichia coli KW - coliform bacteria KW - Escherichia KW - USGS KW - East Pacific KW - experimental studies KW - sewage KW - Orange County California KW - effluents KW - shorelines KW - pollution KW - measurement KW - North Pacific KW - Pacific Ocean KW - bacteria KW - coastal environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50273905?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Huntington+Beach+shoreline+contamination+investigation%3B+Phase+III%2C+final+report%3B+coastal+circulation+and+transport+patterns%3B+the+likelihood+of+OCSD%27s+plume+impacting+Huntington+Beach+shoreline&rft.au=Hamilton%2C+Peter%3BJones%2C+Burton%3BLargier%2C+John%3BNoble%2C+Marlene+A%3BRosenfeld%2C+Leslie%3BXu%2C+Jingping&rft.aulast=Hamilton&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1019/chap2.html https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/browse/usgs-publications/OFR LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Dec. 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; beaches; California; coastal environment; coliform bacteria; contaminant plumes; East Pacific; effluents; Escherichia; Escherichia coli; experimental studies; Huntington Beach; laboratory studies; measurement; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Orange County California; Pacific Ocean; pollution; sea water; sewage; shorelines; United States; USGS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A return to Ba'thist economics? Escaping vicious circles in Iraq AN - 37755194; 3281626 JF - Orient AU - Looney, Robert AD - Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 385 EP - 400 VL - 45 IS - 3 SN - 0030-5227, 0030-5227 KW - Economics KW - Political Science KW - Economic recovery KW - Economic management KW - Economic history KW - Economic systems KW - Economic development KW - Economic policy KW - Market economy KW - Economic growth KW - Governance KW - Iraq UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/37755194?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Orient&rft.atitle=A+return+to+Ba%27thist+economics%3F+Escaping+vicious+circles+in+Iraq&rft.au=Looney%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Looney&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=385&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Orient&rft.issn=00305227&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 3977 5574 10472; 3941 5889; 4018; 3939; 3966 7625; 3907 3483 3921; 7718 4018; 5549; 3988 3893 3921; 182 254 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhibition of protein kinase C promotes neuronal survival in low potassium through an Akt-dependent pathway AN - 20171750; 10263097 AB - Cerebellar granule cell neurons undergo apoptotic cell death when subjected to serum-free conditions at physiological concentrations of potassium (5 mM). Protein kinase C (PKC) is known to play a role in preventing neuronal apoptosis under trophic factor deprivation, but its role in protecting cerebellar neurons from cell death under conditions of low potassium is unknown. This study sought to determine the involvement of PKC in neuronal survival and to determine if PKC regulated the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-K)/Akt pathway in low physiologic concentrations of potassium. Incubation with a pan-PKC inhibitor, Ro-31-8220 (2 is a subset of M), or a specific PKC alpha inhibitor, Go6976, protected cerebellar granule cell neurons from low potassium-mediated cell death. In contrast, phorbol ester (TPA, 100 nM), a PKC activator, increased cell death. Incubation with, Ro-31-8220 rescued neurons from cell death induced by the PI 3-K inhibitor, LY294002, suggesting that Ro-31-8220 may affect Akt phosphorylation. Western blot analysis showed that serum-free, low potassium conditions decreased Akt phosphorylation, which was exacerbated by treatment with LY294002. In contrast, PKC inhibitors, Go6976 or Ro-31-8220, increased Akt phosphorylation approximately two and fourfold, respectively, in low potassium conditions. Because Akt activation appears to be critical in promoting neuronal survival under these culture conditions, increased Akt phosphorylation brought about by inhibiting PKC promotes neuronal survival. JF - Neurotoxicity Research AU - Zhu, Daming AU - Jiang, Xueying AU - Wu, Xuan AU - Tian, Feng AU - Mearow, Karen AU - Lipsky, Robert H AU - Marini, Ann M AD - Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Uniformed Services Univ. of the Health Sciences, 20814 Bethesda, MD, USA, amarini@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - Jan 2004 SP - 281 EP - 289 PB - Taylor & Francis Group Ltd., 2 Park Square Milton Park, Abingdon Oxford OX14 4RN UK, [URL:http://www.taylorandfrancis.co.uk/] VL - 6 IS - 4 SN - 1029-8428, 1029-8428 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - Cell survival KW - Protein kinase C KW - Western blotting KW - Phorbol esters KW - Apoptosis KW - Cerebellum KW - Potassium KW - Cell culture KW - TPA KW - Granule cells KW - 1-Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase KW - Phosphorylation KW - Neurons KW - Neurotoxicity KW - Trophic factors KW - AKT protein KW - N3 11028:Neuropharmacology & toxicology KW - X 24300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20171750?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicity+Research&rft.atitle=Inhibition+of+protein+kinase+C+promotes+neuronal+survival+in+low+potassium+through+an+Akt-dependent+pathway&rft.au=Zhu%2C+Daming%3BJiang%2C+Xueying%3BWu%2C+Xuan%3BTian%2C+Feng%3BMearow%2C+Karen%3BLipsky%2C+Robert+H%3BMarini%2C+Ann+M&rft.aulast=Zhu&rft.aufirst=Daming&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=281&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicity+Research&rft.issn=10298428&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2FBF03033438 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Protein kinase C; Cell survival; Western blotting; Apoptosis; Phorbol esters; Cerebellum; Potassium; Cell culture; TPA; Granule cells; 1-Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; Phosphorylation; Neurons; Neurotoxicity; AKT protein; Trophic factors DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF03033438 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Plant Cell-Based Intimin Vaccine Given Orally to Mice Primed with Intimin Reduces Time of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Shedding in Feces AN - 19251478; 5814390 AB - Intimin is the primary adhesin of Escherichia coli O157:H7, the most common infectious cause of bloody diarrhea in the United States and the leading cause of acute kidney failure in children who develop hemolytic uremic syndrome. Cattle are the primary reservoir of E. coli O157:H7. Indeed, most cases of E. coli O157:H7 infection in the United States occur after ingestion of contaminated undercooked hamburger or produce that had contact with bovine manure. Because intimin is required for persistent colonization of neonatal calves and adult cattle, we hypothesized that an intimin-based vaccination strategy in calves would reduce colonization of cattle with E. coli O157:H7. To test this concept in a small-animal model, we developed transgenic tobacco plant cells that express the carboxy-terminal host cell-binding domain of E. coli O157:H7 intimin. Mice were either immunized intraperitoneally with intimin expressed from the plant cells, fed transgenic plant cells, or both. Here we show that these mice generated an intimin-specific mucosal immune response when primed parenterally and then boosted orally and also exhibited a reduced duration of E. coli O157:H7 fecal shedding after challenge. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Judge, NA AU - Mason, H S AU - O'Brien, AD AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799, aobrien@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - Jan 2004 SP - 168 EP - 175 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 72 IS - 1 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - cattle KW - intimin KW - Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Adhesins KW - Mucosal immunity KW - Vaccination KW - Beef KW - Escherichia coli KW - Vaccines KW - J 02834:Vaccination and immunization KW - F 06807:Active immunization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19251478?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Plant+Cell-Based+Intimin+Vaccine+Given+Orally+to+Mice+Primed+with+Intimin+Reduces+Time+of+Escherichia+coli+O157%3AH7+Shedding+in+Feces&rft.au=Judge%2C+NA%3BMason%2C+H+S%3BO%27Brien%2C+AD&rft.aulast=Judge&rft.aufirst=NA&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=168&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FIAI.72.1.168-175.2004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; Vaccination; Vaccines; Adhesins; Beef; Mucosal immunity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.72.1.168-175.2004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential Regulation of IgG Anti-Capsular Polysaccharide and Antiprotein Responses to Intact Streptococcus pneumoniae in the Presence of Cognate CD4 super(+) T Cell Help AN - 19231250; 5794570 AB - The relative lack of memory for IgG antipolysaccharide responses is believed to be secondary to the inability of polysaccharides to associate with MHC class II molecules and thus a failure to recruit cognate CD4 super(+) T cell help. However, little is known concerning the role of T cells and the generation of memory for antipolysaccharide Ig responses to intact extracellular bacteria. We used heat-killed, intact Streptococcus pneumoniae, capsular type 14 (Pn14), to evaluate the IgM and IgG responses specific for the capsular polysaccharide (PPS14), the phosphorylcholine determinant of the cell wall C-polysaccharide, and the cell wall protein, pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA). We demonstrate that the IgG (but not IgM), anti-PPS14, and anti-PspA responses to Pn14 are CD4 super(+) T cell dependent and TCR specific. Nevertheless, in contrast to the anti-PspA response, the IgG anti-PPS14 response shows no apparent memory, an accelerated kinetics of primary Ig induction, and a more rapid delivery of CD4 super(+) T cell help. In contrast, the IgG anti-phosphorylcholine response, although also dependent on CD4 super(+) T cells, is TCR nonspecific. We make similar observations using soluble conjugates of PPS14-PspA and C-polysaccharide-PspA. These data lead us to suggest that the central issue concerning the mechanisms underlying different functional outcomes for anti-bacterial IgG responses to capsular polysaccharide vs protein Ags is not necessarily based on the ability to recruit cognate CD4 super(+) T cell help, but perhaps on the nature of the B cell Ag receptor signaling that occurs and/or on the responding B cell subpopulations. JF - Journal of Immunology AU - Khan, A Q AU - Lees, A AU - Snapper, C M AD - Departments of Pathology and Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814 Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - Jan 2004 SP - 532 EP - 539 PB - American Association of Immunologists, 9650 Rockville Pike Bethesda MD 20814-3998 USA, [URL:http://www.jimmunol.org/] VL - 172 IS - 1 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - streptococci KW - CD4 antigen KW - pneumococcal surface protein A KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - Capsules KW - surface protein A KW - Streptococcus pneumoniae KW - Lymphocytes T KW - Immunoglobulin G KW - Polysaccharides KW - F 06801:Bacteria KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19231250?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Immunology&rft.atitle=Differential+Regulation+of+IgG+Anti-Capsular+Polysaccharide+and+Antiprotein+Responses+to+Intact+Streptococcus+pneumoniae+in+the+Presence+of+Cognate+CD4+super%28%2B%29+T+Cell+Help&rft.au=Khan%2C+A+Q%3BLees%2C+A%3BSnapper%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Khan&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=172&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=532&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Immunology&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Streptococcus pneumoniae; Immunoglobulin G; Polysaccharides; Lymphocytes T; surface protein A; Capsules ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exposure to Feline and Canine Pathogens in Bobcats and Gray Foxes in Urban and Rural Zones of a National Park in California AN - 17854714; 6119411 AB - Exposure of bobcats (Lynx rufus) and gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) to a range of common canine and feline pathogens was assessed in urban and rural zones of Golden Gate National Recreation Area, a National Park in the San Francisco Bay Area, (California, USA) from 1992 to 1995. Testing included serology for canine distemper virus, canine parvovirus (CPV), canine adenovirus, Leptospira interrogans, feline calicivirus (FCV), feline panleukopenia virus, feline herpesvirus, feline enteric coronavirus (FECV), feline immunodeficiency virus, feline leukemia virus, Toxoplasma gondii, and Bartonella henselae. Testing was also performed for Dirofilaria immitis. Significantly more gray foxes were seropositive for CPV in the urban zone than in the rural zone. In addition, radio-tracking of gray foxes in the rural zone indicated that all three of the rural CPV-seropositive foxes had traveled into adjoining small towns, whereas only one of the 11 seronegative animals had done so. Significantly more bobcats were seropositive for FCV in the rural zone than in the urban zone. Individual bobcats with positive FCV antibody titers had patterns of movement that intercepted park inholdings where domestic cats lived. Bobcat samples were seronegative for all five of the other viral feline pathogens, with the exception of a FECV-seropositive bobcat. High seroprevalence was detected for B. henselae and T. gondii in both zones. Variation in the seroprevalence for different pathogens might be related to differences in the exposure of bobcats and foxes to domestic animals: in the urban zone, gray foxes were located in residential areas outside the park, whereas bobcats were not. Although for most of the pathogens examined there was no relationship between urbanization and exposure, our results for CPV in foxes and FCV in bobcats indicated that proximity to urban areas or contact with humans can increase the risk of disease exposure for wild carnivore populations. Combining behavioral information from radio-tracking with data on pathogen exposure or disease incidence can provide valuable insights into the ecology of wildlife disease that might be missed with broad-scale, population-level comparisons alone. JF - Journal of Wildlife Diseases AU - Riley, Seth PD AU - Foley, Janet AU - Chomel, Bruno AD - Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, California 95616, USA, seth_riley@nps.gov Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - Jan 2004 SP - 11 EP - 22 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA, [mailto:webmaster@allenpress.com], [URL:http://www.allenpress.com] VL - 40 IS - 1 SN - 0090-3558, 0090-3558 KW - Gray fox KW - Bobcat KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Feline panleukopenia virus KW - Serology KW - Leptospira interrogans KW - Dirofilaria immitis KW - Wildlife KW - Feline leukemia virus KW - Recreation KW - Toxoplasma gondii KW - Rural environments KW - Urocyon cinereoargenteus KW - Lynx rufus KW - Coronavirus KW - Herpesvirus KW - Feline immunodeficiency virus KW - National parks KW - Canine distemper virus KW - Feline leukemia KW - Domestic animals KW - USA, California KW - Urban environments KW - Carnivores KW - Adenovirus KW - Antibodies KW - Canine parvovirus KW - Canine distemper KW - Feline panleukopenia KW - Parks KW - Feline calicivirus KW - Bartonella henselae KW - V 22143:Epizootiology KW - J 02862:Infection KW - K 03091:Protozoa: animal UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17854714?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Wildlife+Diseases&rft.atitle=Exposure+to+Feline+and+Canine+Pathogens+in+Bobcats+and+Gray+Foxes+in+Urban+and+Rural+Zones+of+a+National+Park+in+California&rft.au=Riley%2C+Seth+PD%3BFoley%2C+Janet%3BChomel%2C+Bruno&rft.aulast=Riley&rft.aufirst=Seth&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Wildlife+Diseases&rft.issn=00903558&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bartonella henselae; Lynx rufus; Leptospira interrogans; Dirofilaria immitis; Urocyon cinereoargenteus; Toxoplasma gondii; Feline calicivirus; Feline leukemia virus; Feline immunodeficiency virus; Coronavirus; Herpesvirus; Canine parvovirus; Feline panleukopenia virus; Adenovirus; Canine distemper virus; USA, California; Urban environments; Parks; Wildlife; National parks; Rural environments; Serology; Recreation; Carnivores; Feline panleukopenia; Antibodies; Domestic animals; Canine distemper; Feline leukemia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - National Park Service Management Response to Hurricane Isabel at Cape Hatteras and Cape Lookout National Seashores AN - 17678064; 5989390 AB - Hurricane Isabel made landfall along Cape Hatteras and Cape Lookout National Seashores (NS) on 18 September 2003. Both parks experienced similar coastal storm processes including wind, waves, overwash, and storm-surge flooding during Isabel (with some variation in magnitude). Along Cape Lookout NS, where infrastructure is minimal, coastal processes are allowed to occur with minimal human interference. Extensive overwash deposits resulting from Hurricane Isabel will be allowed to remain in their natural state with very little human manipulation, preserving part of the barrier island evolution process. Restoring visitor access after the storm largely consisted of rebuilding docks and remarking the unpaved interior interdunal road and beach access ramps on top of the newly deposited sand. The infrastructure along Cape Hatteras NS includes State Highway 12 and eight villages. To restore the transportation corridor and visitor access after the storm, sand had to be cleared from the highway and paved parking areas, and damaged asphalt repaired. Park management decisions were made for placement of sand cleared from the highway, as well as sand removed from private property within the villages. Overwash sand deposits not covering asphalt surfaces within the Seashore were left undisturbed. Hurricane Isabel made the need for long-term environmentally sound transportation planning along the Outer Banks apparent. Cape Hatteras NS recognizes this need and has long been a member of an interagency panel that is working to provide recommendations for transportation alternatives that would be more compatible with natural coastal processes. JF - Shore & Beach AU - York, L L AD - National Park Service, Southeast Regional Office, 100 Alabama St., S.W., Atlanta, GA 30303, USA, linda_york@nps.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 15 EP - 19 VL - 72 IS - 2 SN - 0037-4237, 0037-4237 KW - Hurricane Isabel KW - Visitor access KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Marine KW - O 6060:Coastal Zone Resources and Management KW - Q2 02124:Coastal zone management KW - Q5 01521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17678064?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Shore+%26+Beach&rft.atitle=National+Park+Service+Management+Response+to+Hurricane+Isabel+at+Cape+Hatteras+and+Cape+Lookout+National+Seashores&rft.au=York%2C+L+L&rft.aulast=York&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Shore+%26+Beach&rft.issn=00374237&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scorpions in a Bottle: China and the U.S. in Space AN - 1266146932; 201300913 AB - When China launched its first taikonaut into orbit aboard the Shenzhou 5 on October 15, 2003, it joined the United States, Russia, and others in a very exclusive club of countries capable of manned spaceflight. Cooly congratulatory, the United States refrained from either profusely praising the largest remaining communist government in the world -- especially given that the technical advancement the launched indicated is worrisome to Washington -- or welcoming China as a spacefaring nation. That term is often used as a euphemism for "those countries considered politically and technically suitable for international cooperation." The United States has been unwilling to extend that status to China. Other countries, however, with varying levels of spacefaring capabilities or ambitions, appear not to share those qualms. That presents the United States with a problem, one still largely ignored in Washington. Adapted from the source document. JF - The Nonproliferation Review AU - Johnson-Freese, Joan AD - Chair of the Department of National Security Studies, Naval War College Y1 - 2004///0, PY - 2004 DA - 0, 2004 SP - 166 EP - 182 PB - Taylor & Francis, Abingdon UK VL - 11 IS - 2 SN - 1073-6700, 1073-6700 KW - Peoples Republic of China KW - Communism KW - International Cooperation KW - United States of America KW - Russia KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1266146932?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Nonproliferation+Review&rft.atitle=Scorpions+in+a+Bottle%3A+China+and+the+U.S.+in+Space&rft.au=Johnson-Freese%2C+Joan&rft.aulast=Johnson-Freese&rft.aufirst=Joan&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=166&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Nonproliferation+Review&rft.issn=10736700&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F10736700408436971 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Peoples Republic of China; United States of America; International Cooperation; Russia; Communism DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10736700408436971 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Expression of bone morphogenetic proteins in the brain during normal aging and in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned animals. AN - 71422560; 14642451 AB - Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), BMP receptors (BMPRs), and endogenous BMP antagonists have been found to be critically important for the development of the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral organs in mammals. There is also increasing evidence that this system has significant activity in the adult CNS. Accordingly, we studied the regional distribution of endogenous BMP ligand proteins, receptors, and antagonists during aging and after lesion of the midbrain dopamine pathways produced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). We found that there were only small changes in the levels of these molecules as a function of age. Interestingly, levels of BMP 7 and noggin, a BMP antagonist, were uniquely elevated in substantia nigra. Moreover, after lesions of the midbrain dopamine system by 6-hydroxydopamine, there was a marked reduction in levels of all BMP ligands, receptors and antagonists bilaterally in both substantia nigra and hippocampus. There were also differential changes in BMP ligands, receptors, and antagonists in the cortex and striatum after such lesions. Taken together, our results indicate significant expression of BMP-related molecules in the adult and aging brain, and suggest a dynamic and differential regulation of these molecules after perturbations. JF - Brain research AU - Chen, Hui-Ling AU - Lein, Pamela J AU - Wang, Jia-Yi AU - Gash, Don AU - Hoffer, Barry J AU - Chiang, Yung-Hsiao AD - Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, National Defense University, Rm 270, Taipei, Taiwan. Y1 - 2003/12/19/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Dec 19 SP - 81 EP - 90 VL - 994 IS - 1 SN - 0006-8993, 0006-8993 KW - Bone Morphogenetic Proteins KW - 0 KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Oxidopamine KW - 8HW4YBZ748 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - RNA, Messenger -- biosynthesis KW - Male KW - Aging -- metabolism KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- physiology KW - Oxidopamine -- toxicity KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Aging -- drug effects KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- drug effects KW - Bone Morphogenetic Proteins -- biosynthesis KW - Bone Morphogenetic Proteins -- genetics KW - Brain -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71422560?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+research&rft.atitle=Expression+of+bone+morphogenetic+proteins+in+the+brain+during+normal+aging+and+in+6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned+animals.&rft.au=Chen%2C+Hui-Ling%3BLein%2C+Pamela+J%3BWang%2C+Jia-Yi%3BGash%2C+Don%3BHoffer%2C+Barry+J%3BChiang%2C+Yung-Hsiao&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Hui-Ling&rft.date=2003-12-19&rft.volume=994&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+research&rft.issn=00068993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-02-10 N1 - Date created - 2003-12-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring North Pacific Heat Content Variability: An Indicator of Fish Quantity? AN - 815541032; 13867689 JF - Earth Interactions AU - Tokmakian, R AD - Department of Oceanography, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - Dec 2003 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 7 SN - 1087-3562, 1087-3562 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Remote Sensing KW - Marine fisheries KW - Variability KW - Sea surface temperature variability KW - Algorithms KW - INE, Pacific, California Current KW - Mixing KW - Marine fish KW - IN, North Pacific KW - Fisheries KW - Wind patterns KW - Wind KW - Circulation patterns KW - Marine KW - Satellite Technology KW - Enthalpy KW - Mathematical models KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Heat content KW - Model Studies KW - Ocean currents KW - Satellite data KW - Fish Populations KW - Monitoring KW - M2 551.465:Structure/Dynamics/Circulation (551.465) KW - SW 0540:Properties of water KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/815541032?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+Interactions&rft.atitle=Monitoring+North+Pacific+Heat+Content+Variability%3A+An+Indicator+of+Fish+Quantity%3F&rft.au=Tokmakian%2C+R&rft.aulast=Tokmakian&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth+Interactions&rft.issn=10873562&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F1087-3562%282003%290072.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Marine fisheries; Mathematical models; Heat content; Ocean currents; Satellite data; Sea surface temperature variability; Fisheries; Algorithms; Atmospheric circulation; Wind patterns; Circulation patterns; Remote Sensing; Satellite Technology; Enthalpy; Variability; Fish Populations; Monitoring; Mixing; Wind; Model Studies; IN, North Pacific; INE, Pacific, California Current; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1087-3562(2003)007<0001:MNPHCV>2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of gadolinium and tetrodotoxin on the response of slowly adapting type I mechanoreceptors to mechanical stimulation in frog dorsal skin. AN - 71427749; 14641651 AB - To elucidate the excitatory mechanism of mechanoreceptors innervating the frog skin, we examined the effects of gadolinium (Gd3+) and tetrodotoxin (TTX) on the response of single-unit activity of slowly adapting type I mechanoreceptors to mechanical stimulation topically applied to the receptive field (RF). Recordings were made from 46 fibers responding to mechanical stimulation with von Frey hairs, which caused an irregular firing pattern with slow adaptation. Application of a mechanically gated channel blocker, Gd3+ (30 microM), and a Na+ channel blocker, TTX (3 microM), caused the suppression of discharge rates, which was characterized by the conversion of a slowly adapting to a rapidly adapting discharge pattern. The administration of a high-voltage-activated (HVA) Ca2+ channel blocker, Cd2+ (100 microm), inhibited the unit discharge and caused the conversion of a slowly adapting to a rapidly adapting discharge pattern. Tonic discharges evoked by anodal electrical stimulation were inhibited by the application of Gd3+ or TTX. Electron microscopic examination showed that the cytoplasm of Merkel cells seen in the RF contained numerous Merkel granules. These results suggest that the excitatory mechanism of frog cutaneous mechanoreceptors may be mediated by the activation of Gd(3+)-sensitive stretch-activated channels in the Merkel cell-neurite complex, which are related to the Na+ influx via voltage-gated Na+ channels and/or the Ca2+ influx through HVA Ca2+ channels. JF - Journal of the peripheral nervous system : JPNS AU - Takeda, Mamoru AU - Nishikawa, Toshimi AU - Sato, Sumie AU - Aiyama, Shigeo AU - Matsumoto, Shigeji AD - Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry at Tokyo, Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. m-takeda@tokyo.ndu.ac.jp Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 271 EP - 281 VL - 8 IS - 4 SN - 1085-9489, 1085-9489 KW - Tetrodotoxin KW - 4368-28-9 KW - Veratridine KW - 71-62-5 KW - Gadolinium KW - AU0V1LM3JT KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Sensory Thresholds -- radiation effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Neural Conduction -- drug effects KW - Neural Conduction -- radiation effects KW - Action Potentials -- drug effects KW - Models, Biological KW - Sensory Thresholds -- drug effects KW - Rana catesbeiana KW - Electrodes KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Veratridine -- pharmacology KW - Gadolinium -- pharmacology KW - Mechanoreceptors -- anatomy & histology KW - Skin -- radiation effects KW - Skin -- drug effects KW - Skin -- anatomy & histology KW - Physical Stimulation -- methods KW - Mechanoreceptors -- drug effects KW - Tetrodotoxin -- pharmacology KW - Mechanoreceptors -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71427749?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+peripheral+nervous+system+%3A+JPNS&rft.atitle=Effects+of+gadolinium+and+tetrodotoxin+on+the+response+of+slowly+adapting+type+I+mechanoreceptors+to+mechanical+stimulation+in+frog+dorsal+skin.&rft.au=Takeda%2C+Mamoru%3BNishikawa%2C+Toshimi%3BSato%2C+Sumie%3BAiyama%2C+Shigeo%3BMatsumoto%2C+Shigeji&rft.aulast=Takeda&rft.aufirst=Mamoru&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+peripheral+nervous+system+%3A+JPNS&rft.issn=10859489&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-02-09 N1 - Date created - 2003-12-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Game Theory View of Military Conflict in the Taiwan Strait AN - 60631433; 200405785 AB - Applies game theory tools to examine the effects on the US of alternative People's Republic of China-Taiwan scenarios in order to evaluate the risk of direct military confrontation between the US & China over Taiwan. US capabilities could be affected by its implementation of the National Missile Defense (NMD); US military access to the Taiwan Strait region; & Taiwan's military capabilities. Possible economic vulnerabilities that could lead China into invading Taiwan are explored. The current political-military environment is studied, & the game theory model of potential conflict is applied. It is argued that the US would obtain better results by applying Confident Building Measures that promote a confident China, rather than making NMD investments. A policy of engagement or disengagement from Taiwan would be better than uncertain policies through this potentially dangerous situation. 6 Tables, 3 Figures. L. A. Hoffman JF - Defense & Security Analysis AU - Franck, Raymond E AU - Melese, Francois AD - US Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 327 EP - 348 VL - 19 IS - 4 SN - 1475-1798, 1475-1798 KW - Peoples Republic of China KW - Taiwan KW - Military Strategy KW - United States of America KW - Foreign Policy KW - Game Theory KW - Risk Assessment KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60631433?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Defense+%26+Security+Analysis&rft.atitle=A+Game+Theory+View+of+Military+Conflict+in+the+Taiwan+Strait&rft.au=Franck%2C+Raymond+E%3BMelese%2C+Francois&rft.aulast=Franck&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Defense+%26+Security+Analysis&rft.issn=14751798&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F1475179032000149412 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United States of America; Peoples Republic of China; Taiwan; Foreign Policy; Risk Assessment; Military Strategy; Game Theory DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1475179032000149412 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of keels on ice bottom turbulence exchange AN - 51334669; 2005-014396 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Skyllingstad, Eric D AU - Paulson, Clayton A AU - Pegau, W Scott AU - McPhee, Miles G AU - Stanton, Timothy Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 16 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 108 IS - C12 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean KW - sea ice KW - turbulence KW - simulation KW - ice keels KW - melting KW - SHEBA KW - ice KW - eddies KW - ocean waves KW - seasonal variations KW - ice-ocean exchange KW - boundary layer KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51334669?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Effects+of+keels+on+ice+bottom+turbulence+exchange&rft.au=Skyllingstad%2C+Eric+D%3BPaulson%2C+Clayton+A%3BPegau%2C+W+Scott%3BMcPhee%2C+Miles+G%3BStanton%2C+Timothy&rft.aulast=Skyllingstad&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=C12&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002JC001488 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary layer; eddies; ice; ice keels; ice-ocean exchange; melting; ocean waves; sea ice; seasonal variations; SHEBA; simulation; Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean; turbulence DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002JC001488 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Restoring a Part of Hawai`i's Past: Kaloko Fishpond Restoration AN - 19926641; 5915197 AB - Kaloko Fishpond has been described as the most massive fishpond in Hawai`i (Kikuchi 1973). The 11-acre (4.4-ha) fishpond is located near the northwest boundary of Kaloko-Honokohau National Historical Park (KAHO). The park is in the center of the Kona (west) coast of Hawai`i, the largest island of the eight-island chain that makes up the State of Hawai`i. Established in 1978, the purpose of the 1,160-acre (464-ha) park is "to provide a center for the preservation, interpretation, and perpetuation of traditional native Hawaiian activities and culture...." (National Park Service 1994:1). The initial study plan for KAHO recommends that "The fishponds and their immediate surroundings should be restored, as nearly as possible, to the conditions that existed before the introduction of foreign influences", and the park's General Management Plan calls for restoring Kaloko Fishpond to a "functioning aquaculture condition and maintaining it as such". The restoration of Kaloko Fishpond, work on which began in 1998, is being funded by the National Park Service, a $200,000 grant from the Save America's Treasures program, and a $75,000 grant from the Tauck Foundation. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the restoration of the fishpond in the context of traditional Hawaiian aquaculture practices and as a tool for preserving and interpreting those practices. JF - Ecological Restoration AU - Bond, S Jr AU - Gmirkin, R AD - Kaloko-Honokohau National Historical Park, 73-4786 Kanalani Street, Suite 14, Kailua-Kona, HI 96740, USA, Stanley_C_Bond@nps.gov Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 284 EP - 289 VL - 21 IS - 4 SN - 1543-4060, 1543-4060 KW - fishponds KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Marine KW - USA, Hawaii KW - Grants KW - ISE, USA, Hawaii KW - National parks KW - Aquaculture KW - Ponds KW - Restoration KW - USA, Hawaii, Hawaii I., Kona KW - National Parks KW - Environmental restoration KW - Conservation KW - Marine aquaculture KW - Preservation KW - Environment management KW - Fish ponds KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q3 08582:Fish culture KW - D 04715:Reclamation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19926641?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Restoration&rft.atitle=Restoring+a+Part+of+Hawai%60i%27s+Past%3A+Kaloko+Fishpond+Restoration&rft.au=Bond%2C+S+Jr%3BGmirkin%2C+R&rft.aulast=Bond&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=284&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Restoration&rft.issn=15434060&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine aquaculture; Environment management; Aquaculture; Restoration; Fish ponds; National parks; Conservation; Environmental restoration; National Parks; Grants; Preservation; Ponds; USA, Hawaii, Hawaii I., Kona; USA, Hawaii; ISE, USA, Hawaii; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparisons Of Undeveloped And Developed Shorelands, Northern Wisconsin, And Recommendations For Restoration AN - 18043126; 5808776 AB - Development of lakeshores has occurred at unprecedented levels in recent decades. Changes in the shoreland ecosystem concomitant with this development have been little studied. In this study, we compared the structural and floristic characteristics of vegetation at 97 developed and 85 undeveloped (reference) shoreland sites in northern Wisconsin, USA. Quantitative comparisons of vegetation structural characteristics (percent cover of canopy, subcanopy, and understory vegetation layers; percent of shoreline overhung by trees and shrubs; and amount of coarse woody debris) showed significantly greater complexity and cover at undeveloped versus developed sites. We classified plant communities and described plant species composition along three belt transects parallel to shore (upland, shoreline, and shallow water) using ordination techniques to describe the differences between developed and undeveloped sites, as well as among undeveloped sites. The mean number of plant species and the percent of native species were both greater at undeveloped than at developed sites along all three transects. Undeveloped upland sites could be grouped by plant species composition into three types: Northern Wet Forest (bog species), Northern Mesic Forest, and Northern Xeric Forest. Undeveloped shoreline vegetation was also clustered into three categories: bog species, upland species with an abrupt transition to aquatic species, and wet meadow species. Soil characteristics further distinguished the upland and shoreline categories. No distinct vegetation categories emerged in the shallow water ordination. We recommend that appropriate species for shoreland restoration efforts be selected based on the native plant communities present at the undeveloped sites, their relative location along an upland to shallow water gradient, and, in some cases, soil characteristics. JF - Wetlands AU - Elias, JE AU - Meyer, M W AD - National Park Service Great Lakes Network Office 2800 Lake Shore Drive East Ashland, Wisconsin, USA, 54806joan_elias@nps.gov Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 800 EP - 816 PB - The Society of Wetland Scientists VL - 23 IS - 4 SN - 0277-5212, 0277-5212 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts KW - Development projects KW - Coastal environments KW - Urbanization KW - Vegetation KW - USA, Wisconsin KW - Species Composition KW - Restoration KW - Plant Populations KW - Lakes KW - Coastal zone KW - Endemic species KW - Environmental restoration KW - Wetlands KW - Detritus KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - SW 4010:Techniques of planning KW - D 04715:Reclamation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18043126?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wetlands&rft.atitle=Comparisons+Of+Undeveloped+And+Developed+Shorelands%2C+Northern+Wisconsin%2C+And+Recommendations+For+Restoration&rft.au=Elias%2C+JE%3BMeyer%2C+M+W&rft.aulast=Elias&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=800&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wetlands&rft.issn=02775212&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0277-5212%282003%29023%280800%3ACOUADS%292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Development projects; Endemic species; Coastal zone; Lakes; Urbanization; Wetlands; Restoration; Coastal environments; Environmental restoration; Plant Populations; Vegetation; Detritus; Species Composition; USA, Wisconsin DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0277-5212(2003)023(0800:COUADS)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Restoring Indian-Set Fires to Prairie Ecosystems on the Olympic Peninsula AN - 17974631; 5915199 AB - Native American land management practices maintained the economic and ecological viability of Olympic Coast prairies. JF - Ecological Restoration AU - Wray, J AU - Anderson, M K AD - Olympic National Park, 600 East Park Ave., Port Angeles, WA 98362, USA, jacilee_wray@nps.gov Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - Dec 2003 SP - 296 EP - 301 VL - 21 IS - 4 SN - 1522-4740, 1522-4740 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Fires KW - USA, Washington KW - Ecosystem management KW - Environmental restoration KW - D 04700:Management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17974631?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Restoration&rft.atitle=Restoring+Indian-Set+Fires+to+Prairie+Ecosystems+on+the+Olympic+Peninsula&rft.au=Wray%2C+J%3BAnderson%2C+M+K&rft.aulast=Wray&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=296&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Restoration&rft.issn=15224740&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Washington; Environmental restoration; Fires; Ecosystem management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sibling Cannibalism of Young Red Drum, Sciaenops ocellatus, in Relation to Size Disparity and Metabolic Rates AN - 17930813; 5877225 AB - Cannibalism is a leading cause of young mortality in the red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus, culture, and size disparity is its primary causative factor. Cannibalism did not occur in young fish, graded by a difference of 0.5 cm from 2.0 to 4.5 cm in total length. There was a shift in the size distribution from unimodal (normal) when there was no cannibalism, to bimodal or trimodal when cannibalism occurred. The results suggested that the wider was the size disparity, the greater was the sibling cannibalism. Size disparity increased with growth and in turn with sibling cannibalism, which became insignificant when the young grew to a size of about 6 cm. We present threshold levels of size disparity among siblings to prevent mutual cannibalism. We hypothesize that through sibling cannibalism a hierarchy may evolve in a red drum cohort, at which a stable population will form. JF - Environmental Biology of Fishes AU - Chang, EY-Y AU - Liao, I C AD - Department of Applied Chemistry, National Defense University, Chung Cheng Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 90047-19, Dashi Jen, Taoyuan, Taiwan 335, ROC, yychang@ccit.edu.tw Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 407 EP - 415 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 68 IS - 4 SN - 0378-1909, 0378-1909 KW - Croakers KW - Drums KW - Red drum KW - Roncadores KW - Size disparity KW - Oceanic Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Sciaenops ocellatus KW - Juveniles KW - Metabolic rate KW - Cannibalism KW - Marine fish KW - Interspecific relationships KW - Animal metabolism KW - Feeding behaviour KW - Body size KW - Siblings KW - Sciaenidae KW - Size distribution KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - D 04668:Fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17930813?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Biology+of+Fishes&rft.atitle=Sibling+Cannibalism+of+Young+Red+Drum%2C+Sciaenops+ocellatus%2C+in+Relation+to+Size+Disparity+and+Metabolic+Rates&rft.au=Chang%2C+EY-Y%3BLiao%2C+I+C&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=EY-Y&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=407&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Biology+of+Fishes&rft.issn=03781909&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FB%3AEBFI.0000005776.04572.d4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Juveniles; Feeding behaviour; Animal metabolism; Interspecific relationships; Cannibalism; Size distribution; Metabolic rate; Body size; Siblings; Sciaenops ocellatus; Sciaenidae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:EBFI.0000005776.04572.d4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Copepod Communities From Surface And Ground Waters In The Everglades, South Florida AN - 17675887; 5853476 AB - We studied species composition and individual abundance of copepods in the surficial aquifer northeast of Everglades National Park. We identified the spatial distribution of subsurface habitats by assessing the depth of the high porosity layers in the limestone along a canal system, and we used copepods to assess the exchange between surface water and ground water along canal banks, at levels in the wells where high porosity connections to the canals exist. Surface- and ground-water taxa were defined, and species composition was related to areal position, sampling depth, and time. Subsurface copepod communities were dominated by surface copepods that disperse into the aquifer following the groundwater seepage along canal L-31N. The similarities in species composition between wells along canal reaches, suggest that copepods mainly enter ground water horizontally along canals via active and passive dispersal. Thus, the copepod populations indicate continuous connections between surface- and ground waters. The most abundant species were Orthocyclops modestus, Arctodiaptomus floridanus, Mesocyclops edax, and Thermocyclops parvus, all known in literature from surface habitats; however, these species have been collected in ground water in ENP. Only two stygophiles were collected: Diacyclops nearcticus and Diacyclops crassicaudis brachycercus. nu estoration of the Everglades ecosystem requires a mosaic of data to reveal a complete picture of this complex system. The use of copepods as indicators of seepage could be a tool in helping to assess the direction and the duration of surface and ground water exchange. JF - Southeastern Naturalist AU - Bruno, M C AU - Cunningham, K J AU - Perry, SA AD - South Florida Natural Resources Center, Everglades National Park, 40001 State Road 9336, Homestead FL 33034, Cristina_Bruno@contractor.nps.gov Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - Dec 2003 SP - 523 EP - 546 PB - Humboldt Field Research Institute VL - 2 IS - 4 SN - 1528-7092, 1528-7092 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - Q5 01523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q1 01281:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17675887?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Southeastern+Naturalist&rft.atitle=Copepod+Communities+From+Surface+And+Ground+Waters+In+The+Everglades%2C+South+Florida&rft.au=Bruno%2C+M+C%3BCunningham%2C+K+J%3BPerry%2C+SA&rft.aulast=Bruno&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=523&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Southeastern+Naturalist&rft.issn=15287092&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F1528-7092%282003%29002%280523%3ACCFSAG%292.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=1528-7092&volume=2&page=523 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/1528-7092(2003)002(0523:CCFSAG)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Primary B cell lymphoma of the penis: successful treatment with organ preservation. AN - 75764434; 14555331 AB - Malignant lymphoma uncommonly manifests in the genitourinary tract. Primary penile lymphoma is extremely rare. A 77-year-old male presented with primary malignant B-cell lymphoma of the penis with the chief complaint of a painless and itching nodule on the penile glans for more than 2 months. The pathologic examination with immunohistochemical stain of penile biopsy revealed malignant B cell lymphoma, mixed cellular type. The physical examination and the computed tomography scan of chest, abdomen, and pelvis showed no evidence of superficial, thoracic, abdominal, or pelvic lymphadenopathy. This case was treated with local excision and systemic chemotherapy with good cosmetic and functional results. There was absence of recurrence 16 months after therapy. JF - Archives of andrology AU - Lo, H-C AU - Yu, D-S AU - Lee, C-T AU - Chen, A AU - Chang, S-Y AU - Sun, G-H AD - Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, National Defense University, No. 325, Section 2 Cheng-Gung Road, Neihu 114, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC. PY - 2003 SP - 467 EP - 470 VL - 49 IS - 6 SN - 0148-5016, 0148-5016 KW - Biomarkers, Tumor KW - 0 KW - Vincristine KW - 5J49Q6B70F KW - Cyclophosphamide KW - 8N3DW7272P KW - Prednisolone KW - 9PHQ9Y1OLM KW - Index Medicus KW - Cyclophosphamide -- administration & dosage KW - Combined Modality Therapy KW - Humans KW - Vincristine -- administration & dosage KW - Treatment Outcome KW - Biomarkers, Tumor -- analysis KW - Aged KW - Prednisolone -- administration & dosage KW - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols -- therapeutic use KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Male KW - Penile Neoplasms -- therapy KW - Lymphoma, B-Cell -- therapy KW - Penile Neoplasms -- chemistry KW - Lymphoma, B-Cell -- pathology KW - Penile Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Lymphoma, B-Cell -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75764434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+andrology&rft.atitle=Primary+B+cell+lymphoma+of+the+penis%3A+successful+treatment+with+organ+preservation.&rft.au=Lo%2C+H-C%3BYu%2C+D-S%3BLee%2C+C-T%3BChen%2C+A%3BChang%2C+S-Y%3BSun%2C+G-H&rft.aulast=Lo&rft.aufirst=H-C&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=467&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+andrology&rft.issn=01485016&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-06-21 N1 - Date created - 2003-10-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Research into molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying prostate carcinogenesis would be greatly advanced by in vitro prostate cell models. AN - 71537535; 14702130 AB - Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in the United States, as well as in the Western world, and the second leading cause of male cancer death in the United States. Despite its high incidence, the molecular and genetic events involved in prostate cancer progression remain poorly understood. A hurdle in understanding the molecular genetic changes in prostate cancer has been the difficulty in establishing premalignant lesions and primary prostate tumors as in vitro cell cultures. Primary epithelial cells grow for a finite life span and then senesce. Immortalization is defined by continuous growth of otherwise senescing cells and is believed to represent an early stage in tumor progression. In order to examine these early stages, we and others have developed in vitro models of prostate epithelial cell immortalization. Because prostate cancer is a multistep, progressive disease with a typical onset later in life and with an usually high number of latent cases that do not develop into clinically manifest cancer, the steps in the progression to malignancy are of particular interest. To understand the many factors that are suspected to contribute to the development of this malignancy, there is a need for an in vitro multistep human prostate epithelial culture system. These models have been extremely important in identifying genetic and molecular changes involved in prostate cancer progression. Recently, novel human cell culture models for the study of prostate cancer have been developed. Successful establishment of primary prostate cancer cell lines from patients' familial and sporadic prostate cancer has been accomplished using telomerase, the gene that prevents cellular senescence. The novel models will be useful for identification and characterization of prostate cancer genes and will provide the new means for testing for chemoprevention and chemotherapeutic agents. JF - Drugs of today (Barcelona, Spain : 1998) AU - Rhim, Johng S AD - Center for Prostate Disease Research, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA. jrhim@cpdr.org Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 837 EP - 847 VL - 39 IS - 11 SN - 1699-3993, 1699-3993 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Prostate -- physiopathology KW - Prostatic Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Cell Line, Tumor KW - Prostatic Neoplasms -- physiopathology KW - Prostate -- cytology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71537535?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drugs+of+today+%28Barcelona%2C+Spain+%3A+1998%29&rft.atitle=Research+into+molecular+and+genetic+mechanisms+underlying+prostate+carcinogenesis+would+be+greatly+advanced+by+in+vitro+prostate+cell+models.&rft.au=Rhim%2C+Johng+S&rft.aulast=Rhim&rft.aufirst=Johng&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=837&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drugs+of+today+%28Barcelona%2C+Spain+%3A+1998%29&rft.issn=16993993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-03-24 N1 - Date created - 2003-12-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - IDH1 gene transcription is sterol regulated and activated by SREBP-1a and SREBP-2 in human hepatoma HepG2 cells: evidence that IDH1 may regulate lipogenesis in hepatic cells. AN - 71391515; 12923220 AB - The mRNA level for cytosolic NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1) increases 2.3-fold, and enzyme activity of NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 63%, in sterol-deprived HepG2 cells. The mRNA levels of the NADP- and NAD-dependent mitochondrial enzymes show limited or lack of regulation under the same conditions. Nucleotide sequences that are required, and sufficient, for the sterol regulation of transcription are located within a 67 bp region of an IDH1-secreted alkaline phosphatase promoter-reporter gene. The IDH1 promoter is fully activated by the expression of SREBP-1a in the cells and, to a lesser degree, by that of SREBP-2. A 5'-end truncation of 23 bp containing a CAAT and a GC-Box results in 6.5% residual activity. The promoter region involved in the activation by the sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) is located at nucleotides -44 to -25. Mutagenesis analysis identified within this region the IDH1-SRE sequence element GTGGGCTGAG, which binds the SREBPs. Similar to the promoter activation, electrophoretic mobility shifts of probes containing the IDH1-SRE element exhibit preferential binding to SREBP-1a, as compared with SREBP-2. These results indicate that IDH1 activity is coordinately regulated with the cholesterol and fatty acid biosynthetic pathways and suggest that it is the source for the cytosolic NADPH required by these pathways. JF - Journal of lipid research AU - Shechter, Ishaiahu AU - Dai, Peihua AU - Huo, Liang AU - Guan, Guimin AD - Department of Surgery, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA. ischecter@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 2169 EP - 2180 VL - 44 IS - 11 SN - 0022-2275, 0022-2275 KW - CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins KW - 0 KW - DNA, Complementary KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - Lipids KW - RNA, Messenger KW - SREBF1 protein, human KW - SREBF2 protein, human KW - Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 KW - Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 2 KW - Sterols KW - Transcription Factors KW - NADP KW - 53-59-8 KW - Isocitrate Dehydrogenase KW - EC 1.1.1.41 KW - isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP+) KW - EC 1.1.1.42 KW - Index Medicus KW - DNA, Complementary -- genetics KW - Humans KW - NADP -- metabolism KW - Cell Line, Tumor KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Introns -- genetics KW - Exons -- genetics KW - Base Sequence KW - Genes, Reporter -- genetics KW - RNA, Messenger -- metabolism KW - Mutation -- genetics KW - Response Elements -- genetics KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- drug effects KW - Promoter Regions, Genetic -- genetics KW - Sterols -- pharmacology KW - Transcription, Genetic -- drug effects KW - Lipids -- biosynthesis KW - Transcription Factors -- metabolism KW - Isocitrate Dehydrogenase -- genetics KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- genetics KW - CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins -- metabolism KW - Transcription, Genetic -- genetics KW - Isocitrate Dehydrogenase -- metabolism KW - CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins -- genetics KW - Transcription Factors -- genetics KW - Hepatocytes -- metabolism KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71391515?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+lipid+research&rft.atitle=IDH1+gene+transcription+is+sterol+regulated+and+activated+by+SREBP-1a+and+SREBP-2+in+human+hepatoma+HepG2+cells%3A+evidence+that+IDH1+may+regulate+lipogenesis+in+hepatic+cells.&rft.au=Shechter%2C+Ishaiahu%3BDai%2C+Peihua%3BHuo%2C+Liang%3BGuan%2C+Guimin&rft.aulast=Shechter&rft.aufirst=Ishaiahu&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+lipid+research&rft.issn=00222275&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-08-03 N1 - Date created - 2003-11-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microthrombectomy reduces postsclerotherapy pigmentation: multicenter randomized trial. AN - 71343320; 14603191 AB - Postsclerotherapy pigmentation occurs in nearly 30% of patients. Hemosiderin, from degradation of the venous thrombus, is the possible cause. The hypothesis that early removal of the thrombus may eliminate or decrease the incidence of pigmentation has not been proved or documented. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of early microthrombectomy on incidence of postsclerotherapy pigmentation. This multicenter, randomized, controlled study involved 101 patients with varicose veins (100 women, 1 man; mean age, 46 years [range, 25-68 years]). Patients were divided into two groups, with veins 1 mm or less in diameter (group 1, n = 50) or veins 3 mm or less in diameter (group 2, n = 51). Group 1 was treated with Sotradecol (STD) 0.25%, and group 2 with STD 0.50%. In each patient, an area of varicosities was selected and divided into halves. One half was randomized to microthrombectomy and the other half served as control. Microthrombectomy was performed 1 to 3 weeks after treatment in the randomized half. Standard photographs were obtained before and 16 weeks after treatment, and were evaluated by three independent reviewers who were blinded to treatment assignments. Each reviewer received an identical set of pretreatment and posttreatment 10 x 15-cm color photographs of the study area, and completed a scoring sheet. Average of the scores was used to evaluate primary (pigmentation) and secondary (overall clinical improvement) end points. The paired t test and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. In group 1, microthrombectomized areas had statistically significant less pigmentation (P =.0047) and better overall clinical improvement scores (P =.0002) compared with the control side. In group 2 there was no significant difference between the two areas, but patients reported significant relief of pain and inflammation associated with postsclerotherapy thrombophlebitis. In veins 1 mm or smaller, microthrombectomy reduced pigmentation and improved overall clinical results. In veins 3 mm or smaller, statistical significance was not achieved, but thrombectomy resulted in faster resolution of the postsclerotherapy pain and inflammation. On the basis of these results, microthrombectomy after sclerotherapy is recommended. JF - Journal of vascular surgery AU - Scultetus, Anke H AU - Villavicencio, J Leonel AU - Kao, Tzu-Cheg AU - Gillespie, David L AU - Ketron, Gary D AU - Iafrati, Mark D AU - Pikoulis, Emmanouil AU - Eifert, Sandra AD - Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 896 EP - 903 VL - 38 IS - 5 SN - 0741-5214, 0741-5214 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Treatment Outcome KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Male KW - Female KW - Hyperpigmentation -- surgery KW - Hyperpigmentation -- prevention & control KW - Varicose Veins -- therapy KW - Hyperpigmentation -- etiology KW - Thrombectomy -- methods KW - Sclerotherapy -- adverse effects KW - Sclerotherapy -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71343320?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+vascular+surgery&rft.atitle=Microthrombectomy+reduces+postsclerotherapy+pigmentation%3A+multicenter+randomized+trial.&rft.au=Scultetus%2C+Anke+H%3BVillavicencio%2C+J+Leonel%3BKao%2C+Tzu-Cheg%3BGillespie%2C+David+L%3BKetron%2C+Gary+D%3BIafrati%2C+Mark+D%3BPikoulis%2C+Emmanouil%3BEifert%2C+Sandra&rft.aulast=Scultetus&rft.aufirst=Anke&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=896&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+vascular+surgery&rft.issn=07415214&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-12-04 N1 - Date created - 2003-11-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Policymaking through Advice and Consent: Treaty Consideration by the United States Senate AN - 60629789; 200401845 AB - Conventional wisdom holds that the President of the United States has a high degree of autonomy over US foreign policy. Such autonomy is said to stem in part from his ability to confront the Senate with the either-or choice of accepting or rejecting treaties. In this article, we take issue with this characterization & explore how the Senate uses treaty "reservations" to alter ratification documents & advance Senate policy views. We find conservative Senates & pivotal senators systematically exploit the right to add reservations, & thus limit the President's autonomy in his conduct of foreign affairs. 1 Table, 62 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - The Journal of Politics AU - Auerswald, David AU - Maltzman, Forrest AD - National War Coll, Washington, DC auerswaldd@ndu.edu Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 1097 EP - 1110 VL - 65 IS - 4 SN - 0022-3816, 0022-3816 KW - Policy Making KW - Checks and Balances KW - Advice and Consent KW - Presidents KW - United States of America KW - Ratification KW - Legislative Bodies KW - Foreign Policy KW - Treaties KW - article KW - 9085: government/political systems; national governments/political systems KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60629789?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Politics&rft.atitle=Policymaking+through+Advice+and+Consent%3A+Treaty+Consideration+by+the+United+States+Senate&rft.au=Auerswald%2C+David%3BMaltzman%2C+Forrest&rft.aulast=Auerswald&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1097&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+Politics&rft.issn=00223816&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 62 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - JPOLA3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Foreign Policy; United States of America; Presidents; Advice and Consent; Checks and Balances; Treaties; Legislative Bodies; Policy Making; Ratification ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Being Yasir Arafat: A Portrait of Palestine's President AN - 60151897; 200404857 AB - Two Israeli studies, one by Karsh & the other (Yasir Arafat: A Political Biography, 2003) by Barry Rubin & Judith Colp Rubin, of the polarizing Palestinian leader do not shed much light on their subject. But they do make clear why his time may be past. Adapted from the source document. JF - Foreign Affairs AU - Robinson, Glenn E AD - Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 136 EP - 141 VL - 82 IS - 6 SN - 0015-7120, 0015-7120 KW - Arafat, Yasir KW - Presidents KW - Palestine KW - Arab Israeli Relations KW - Leadership KW - article KW - 9105: politics; national-level politics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60151897?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Foreign+Affairs&rft.atitle=Being+Yasir+Arafat%3A+A+Portrait+of+Palestine%27s+President&rft.au=Robinson%2C+Glenn+E&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=136&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Foreign+Affairs&rft.issn=00157120&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-10-30 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - FRNAA3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Leadership; Presidents; Palestine; Arab Israeli Relations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Boussinesq modeling of longshore currents AN - 51768894; 2005-004233 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Chen, Quin AU - Kirby, James T AU - Dalrymple, Robert A AU - Shi, Fengyan AU - Thornton, Edward B Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 18 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 108 IS - C11 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - currents KW - ocean circulation KW - numerical models KW - surf zones KW - Boussinesq equation KW - ocean waves KW - mathematical methods KW - longshore currents KW - hydrodynamics KW - coastal environment KW - ocean currents KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51768894?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Boussinesq+modeling+of+longshore+currents&rft.au=Chen%2C+Quin%3BKirby%2C+James+T%3BDalrymple%2C+Robert+A%3BShi%2C+Fengyan%3BThornton%2C+Edward+B&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Quin&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=C11&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002JC001308 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 63 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Boussinesq equation; coastal environment; currents; hydrodynamics; longshore currents; mathematical methods; numerical models; ocean circulation; ocean currents; ocean waves; surf zones DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002JC001308 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Globalisation and the African state AN - 1793123373 AB - The World Bank and its critics are approaching consensus on central issues in the African development debate. That Africa must become more integrated into the globalising world economy, and that to do so effectively it will need more capable and socially responsive states is now broadly accepted. However, the manner in which African states are already embedded in their societies and in the global political economy has not been integrated into the analysis. The nature of these linkages tells us much about how African states engage the forces of globalisation, and the effect that engagement is likely to have on economic development and on these states themselves. JF - Commonwealth & Comparative Politics AU - Lawson, Letitia AD - Naval Postgraduate School California Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - Nov 2003 SP - 37 EP - 58 CY - Abingdon PB - Taylor & Francis Ltd. VL - 41 IS - 3 SN - 1466-2043 KW - Political Science--International Relations KW - Economic Development KW - Consensus KW - Globalization KW - World Economy KW - Political Economy KW - International Organizations KW - Africa KW - 9063:international relations; international relations KW - 9101:politics; comparative politics KW - 0925:political sociology/interactions; sociology of political systems, politics, & power UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793123373?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Commonwealth+%26+Comparative+Politics&rft.atitle=Globalisation+and+the+African+state&rft.au=Lawson%2C+Letitia&rft.aulast=Lawson&rft.aufirst=Letitia&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Commonwealth+%26+Comparative+Politics&rft.issn=14662043&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F14662040412331310191 LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts; Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Name - International Bank for Reconstruction & Development--World Bank N1 - Copyright - Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14662040412331310191 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of Nitrogen on Phytoplankton Biomass and Community Composition in Fifteen Snowy Range Lakes (Wyoming, U.S.A.) AN - 17553896; 5896639 AB - Nitrogen (N) deposition has been implicated in changes in surface water chemistry and algal composition in several dilute mountain lakes of the western United States. Lakes of the Snowy Range (Medicine Bow National Forest, Wyoming) appear to have low nitrate concentrations currently, and 2 Snowy Range lakes showed strong eutrophication responses to N or N + phosphorus (P) additions in previous enclosure experiments. In this study, we explored the regional extent of phytoplankton N limitation by examining a nutrient ratio index (dissolved inorganic nitrogen:total phosphorus) and phytoplankton species-environment relationships across 15 Snowy Range lakes. Based on this index, we estimate that phytoplankton biomass in the study lakes is largely N limited or N + P colimited. In addition, redundancy analysis demonstrated strong relationships between phytoplankton species composition and N gradients, with chrysophyte taxa favored in low-N lakes and cyanophytes and chlorophytes favored in higher-N lakes. We conclude that both phytoplankton biomass and community structure are sensitive indicators of N gradients in lakes of the Snowy Range, and that eutrophication responses to future increases in N loading could be widespread in these and other low-N lakes. JF - Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research AU - Lafrancois, B M AU - Nydick, K R AU - Caruso, B AD - St. Croix Watershed Research Station, 16910 152nd St. N, Marine on St. Croix, MN 55047, USA, brenda_moraska_lafrancois@nps.gov Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - Nov 2003 SP - 499 EP - 508 VL - 35 IS - 4 SN - 1523-0430, 1523-0430 KW - Golden-brown algae KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts KW - Species-area relation KW - Chlorophyta KW - Eutrophication KW - Indicators KW - Phosphorus KW - Phytoplankton KW - Nutrients KW - Surface Water KW - Freshwater KW - Species Composition KW - Lakes KW - Enclosures KW - Chrysophyta KW - Population-environment relations KW - Surface chemistry KW - USA, Wyoming KW - Nitrates KW - Nitrogen sources KW - Environmental impact KW - Limiting factors KW - Biomass KW - Eutrophic Lakes KW - Community composition KW - Mountain Lakes KW - Deposition KW - Nitrogen cycle KW - Nutrients (mineral) KW - Nitrogen compounds KW - Cyanophyta KW - Water chemistry KW - Nitrogen KW - Indicator species KW - K 03009:Algae KW - Q1 08461:Plankton KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - D 04627:Algae/lichens UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17553896?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arctic%2C+Antarctic%2C+and+Alpine+Research&rft.atitle=Influence+of+Nitrogen+on+Phytoplankton+Biomass+and+Community+Composition+in+Fifteen+Snowy+Range+Lakes+%28Wyoming%2C+U.S.A.%29&rft.au=Lafrancois%2C+B+M%3BNydick%2C+K+R%3BCaruso%2C+B&rft.aulast=Lafrancois&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=499&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Arctic%2C+Antarctic%2C+and+Alpine+Research&rft.issn=15230430&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Eutrophication; Environmental impact; Phosphorus; Phytoplankton; Limiting factors; Biomass; Lakes; Community composition; Enclosures; Nutrients (mineral); Nitrogen compounds; Surface chemistry; Indicator species; Species-area relation; Nitrogen sources; Nitrogen cycle; Population-environment relations; Water chemistry; Nitrates; Indicators; Nutrients; Surface Water; Species Composition; Eutrophic Lakes; Deposition; Mountain Lakes; Nitrogen; Chlorophyta; Chrysophyta; Cyanophyta; USA, Wyoming; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Endoscopic GERD therapy: is enteryx the answer? AN - 85377088; pmid-14572588 JF - The American journal of gastroenterology AU - Napierkowski, John AU - Wong, Roy K H AD - Gastroenterology Service and Division of Digestive Diseases, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - Oct 2003 SP - 2324 EP - 2326 VL - 98 IS - 10 SN - 0002-9270, 0002-9270 KW - Index Medicus KW - National Library of Medicine KW - Adult KW - *Esophagoscopy: methods KW - Female KW - Follow-Up Studies KW - Gastroesophageal Reflux: diagnosis KW - *Gastroesophageal Reflux: therapy KW - Humans KW - Injections, Intralesional KW - Male KW - Middle Aged KW - *Polyvinyls: administration & dosage KW - Prospective Studies KW - Risk Assessment KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Single-Blind Method KW - Treatment Outcome UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85377088?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+gastroenterology&rft.atitle=Endoscopic+GERD+therapy%3A+is+enteryx+the+answer%3F&rft.au=Napierkowski%2C+John%3BWong%2C+Roy+K+H&rft.aulast=Napierkowski&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2324&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+gastroenterology&rft.issn=00029270&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English (eng) DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2011-12-15 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment On: Am J Gastroenterol. 2003 Feb;98(2):250-8[12591037] N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Korean Solution to the United States' Korean Problems AN - 60694635; 200409853 AB - It is contended that South Korea's "Sunshine Policy" toward its relations with North Korea offers a viable approach to uniting the two Korean nations & that the movement to creating a unified Korea could resolve the US's foreign policy problems with North Korea. The impact of the South Korean presidential transition between Kim Dae-Jung & Roh Moo-Huyn upon US-South Korean relations is discussed. Analysis of the relations between the Roh & George W. Bush administrations is performed, demonstrating multiple potential obstacles to the improvement of South Korean-US relations, eg, Roh's policy approach that emphasizes peace toward North Korea & prosperity clashes with the Bush administration's foreign policy. Consequently, an alternative foreign policy approach for the US toward North Korea that emphasizes reductions in troop deployment on the Korean peninsula in exchange for the termination of North Korea's nuclear program & encourages the unification of both Koreas is presented. It is strongly recommended that the US adopt a different foreign policy agenda toward North Korea since Korean unification is likely inevitable. J. W. Parker JF - The Journal of East Asian Affairs AU - Olsen, Edward A AD - Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - October 2003 SP - 215 EP - 240 VL - 17 IS - 2 SN - 1010-1608, 1010-1608 KW - United States of America KW - International Relations KW - North Korea KW - Policy Reform KW - Conflict Resolution KW - Rapprochement KW - Foreign Policy KW - South Korea KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60694635?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+East+Asian+Affairs&rft.atitle=A+Korean+Solution+to+the+United+States%27+Korean+Problems&rft.au=Olsen%2C+Edward+A&rft.aulast=Olsen&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+East+Asian+Affairs&rft.issn=10101608&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - South Korea; North Korea; International Relations; United States of America; Foreign Policy; Rapprochement; Conflict Resolution; Policy Reform ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Managing South Asia's Nuclear Rivalry: New Policy Challenges for the United States AN - 60674586; 200412182 AB - Considers US policy issues related to the Indo-Pakistani nuclear rivalry, arguing that an effective policy must pursue at least four objectives: (1) a realistic evaluation of the regional ground realities, (2) understanding of the political & military logic driving Indian & Pakistani force decisions, (3) nuclear war risk reduction, & (4) avoiding increasing the motivation to, or capability of, developing nuclear weapons. A discussion of South Asian deterrence strategy points up a dilemma for the US in terms of whether it should engage Indian & Pakistani defense planners in dialogue or leave them be. The issue of secure second-strike nuclear arsenals in the region is then taken up, highlighting the problem of determining a size of such an arsenal capable of effective deterrence & keeping domestic constituents confident in their national security. The credibility problem surrounding the deterrence of limited military challenges is discussed, focusing on how each state can credibly signal its preparedness to respond at the conventional & subconventional levels. In light of the fact that nonproliferation no longer applies in the region, eight strategic courses of actions available to the US are outlined. J. Zendejas JF - The Nonproliferation Review AU - Lavoy, Peter R AD - Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - October 2003 SP - 84 EP - 94 VL - 10 IS - 3 SN - 1073-6700, 1073-6700 KW - International Conflict KW - Pakistan KW - United States of America KW - Deterrence KW - Conflict Resolution KW - Foreign Policy KW - Nuclear Weapons KW - India KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60674586?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Nonproliferation+Review&rft.atitle=Managing+South+Asia%27s+Nuclear+Rivalry%3A+New+Policy+Challenges+for+the+United+States&rft.au=Lavoy%2C+Peter+R&rft.aulast=Lavoy&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=84&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Nonproliferation+Review&rft.issn=10736700&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United States of America; Foreign Policy; India; Pakistan; International Conflict; Nuclear Weapons; Deterrence; Conflict Resolution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Germany and the United States in the Age of Terror: Ideas, Domestic Politics, and the International System of States AN - 60665206; 200404224 AB - The world order anchored by the US-German relationship has integrated Germany into Europe without more bloodshed, brought the transformation of communist Europe, & visited prosperity on a part of the world that could easily have been embroiled in strife. That world order, however, is being severely eroded by misunderstanding & rhetoric on all sides. A statecraft is needed that comprehends the nature of military power & what a given country can & cannot do to defend itself. Adapted from the source document. JF - Naval War College Review AU - Abenheim, Donald AD - US Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - October 2003 SP - 63 EP - 81 VL - 56 IS - 4 SN - 0028-1484, 0028-1484 KW - International Conflict KW - Federal Republic of Germany KW - United States of America KW - International Relations KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60665206?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Naval+War+College+Review&rft.atitle=Germany+and+the+United+States+in+the+Age+of+Terror%3A+Ideas%2C+Domestic+Politics%2C+and+the+International+System+of+States&rft.au=Abenheim%2C+Donald&rft.aulast=Abenheim&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Naval+War+College+Review&rft.issn=00281484&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United States of America; Federal Republic of Germany; International Conflict; International Relations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Turkish Knowledge for a Modern Life: Innovative Pedagogy and Nationalist Substance in Primary Schooling, 1927-50 AN - 60651879; 200407776 AB - This article explores hayat bilgisi's (life knowledge) emergence in the context of Turkish educators' conscious integration with global educational practices from the 1910s to the late 1920s. It concentrates on this pedagogic technique's deployment in the 1927 syllabus as well as the 1936 primary curriculum, when the ruling Republican People's Party platform provided the chief inspiration for a Kemalist course of study. By examining syllabi & texts, in addition to teachers' pedagogic experiences, the study will demonstrate that an instructional method perceived as consonant with global modern pedagogy's hope to form dynamic, participating citizens also served a nationalist indoctrination goal. 3 Figures. Adapted from the source document. JF - Turkish Studies AU - Salmoni, Barak A AD - Dept National Security Affairs, US Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - October 2003 SP - 103 EP - 144 VL - 4 IS - 3 SN - 1468-3849, 1468-3849 KW - Citizenship KW - Primary Education KW - Internationalism KW - Indoctrination KW - Curriculum KW - Political History KW - Educational Ideologies KW - Turkey KW - article KW - 9001: history and theory; political history/historiography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60651879?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Turkish+Studies&rft.atitle=Turkish+Knowledge+for+a+Modern+Life%3A+Innovative+Pedagogy+and+Nationalist+Substance+in+Primary+Schooling%2C+1927-50&rft.au=Salmoni%2C+Barak+A&rft.aulast=Salmoni&rft.aufirst=Barak&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Turkish+Studies&rft.issn=14683849&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Turkey; Political History; Curriculum; Internationalism; Citizenship; Indoctrination; Educational Ideologies; Primary Education ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Asia's Shifting Strategic Landscape. China and the United States Post-9/11 AN - 60628789; 200400245 AB - An examination of Sino-American relations since September 11 (2001) notes that the expected US-People's Republic of China strategic competition never materialized. President Bush initially approached China with extreme wariness; however, during the second half of his term he met three times with former President Jian Zemin & invited him to the Texas White House. Subsequent meetings with Jiang's successor, Hu Jintao, have focused on shared concerns about international terrorism & Korean peninsula stability. Explanations for the turnaround tend to focus on US identification of a new primary adversary after September 11 & the impact of the Bush administration's strong declaration of American strategic priorities on the thinking of China's leaders. It is contended that these arguments fail to consider the effect of larger changes in political & strategic calculations that have led both nations to avoid an unbridled rivalry because of the potential disadvantages. Conflicting interests evident in Sino-American relations include differing opinions about the war on Iraq, approaches to North Korea's defiance of nonproliferation agreements, & Chinese strategies toward Taiwan. Prospects for the future are discussed. J. Lindroth JF - Orbis: A Journal of World Affairs AU - Pollack, Jonathan D AD - Strategic Research Dept, Naval War Coll pollackj@nwc.navy.mil Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - October 2003 SP - 617 EP - 627 VL - 47 IS - 4 SN - 0030-4387, 0030-4387 KW - September 11 (2001) KW - Peoples Republic of China KW - International Conflict KW - Terrorism KW - United States of America KW - International Relations KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60628789?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Orbis%3A+A+Journal+of+World+Affairs&rft.atitle=Asia%27s+Shifting+Strategic+Landscape.+China+and+the+United+States+Post-9%2F11&rft.au=Pollack%2C+Jonathan+D&rft.aulast=Pollack&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=617&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Orbis%3A+A+Journal+of+World+Affairs&rft.issn=00304387&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - International Relations; International Conflict; United States of America; Peoples Republic of China; Terrorism ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Asia's Shifting Strategic Landscape. What Is Russia to Asia? AN - 60555541; 200400176 AB - An examination of Russia's relationship with Asian nations contends that, in spite of its size & potential, Russia is in danger of becoming marginalized in Asia just as it has been in Europe. President Vladimir Putin's efforts to secure capital for oil & gas projects from Japan, South Korea, India, & the People's Republic of China have not met with much success even though Russia needs Asian help in order to become competitive. Internal problems that have prevented Russia from forming a partnership with China include geographic & financial restraints related to the development of oil & gas deposits in the Russian Far East; lack of significant economic or political reform; & Russia's dilapidated energy infrastructure. Errors made by the Russian government in its quest for economic assistance from Japan are discussed, along with Russia's willingness to sell arms to "rouge" states in spite of professed concern about proliferation threats. It is concluded that serious corrective measures are needed before Russia will be able to obtain foreign help for regional development. Meanwhile, US assistance offers the best chance for domestic improvement. J. Lindroth JF - Orbis: A Journal of World Affairs AU - Blank, Stephen AD - Strategic Studies Instit, US Army War Coll Blanks@awc.Carlisle.army.mil Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - October 2003 SP - 569 EP - 585 VL - 47 IS - 4 SN - 0030-4387, 0030-4387 KW - Foreign Aid KW - Capital KW - International Relations KW - Russia KW - Asia KW - International Trade KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60555541?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Orbis%3A+A+Journal+of+World+Affairs&rft.atitle=Asia%27s+Shifting+Strategic+Landscape.+What+Is+Russia+to+Asia%3F&rft.au=Blank%2C+Stephen&rft.aulast=Blank&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=569&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Orbis%3A+A+Journal+of+World+Affairs&rft.issn=00304387&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - International Relations; Russia; Asia; Capital; Foreign Aid; International Trade ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Monetary/Exchange-Rate Strategy for the Reconstruction of Iraq AN - 60175769; 200319802 AB - Examines some challenges facing efforts to rebuild the Iraqi economy in the aftermath of the 2003 war with the US. It is suggested that lessons can be learned from economic recovery efforts in the former Soviet-bloc countries & from reform programs in inward-oriented Latin American economies. Key on the agenda for immediate reform is the establishment of the rule of law & an honest court system to protect private property rights. The creation of a sound monetary system is of paramount importance & currency instability must be addressed. Several potential flexible & fixed monetary & exchange-rate systems are evaluated in terms of which offers the best options for facilitating reconstruction, restructuring, & future economic growth. Their advantages & disadvantages are compared & strategies for their implementation are outlined. 1 Figure. K. Hyatt Stewart JF - Middle East Policy AU - Looney, Robert AD - Dept National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - October 2003 SP - 33 EP - 42 VL - 10 IS - 3 SN - 1061-1924, 1061-1924 KW - Monetary Policy KW - Reconstruction KW - Exchange Rate KW - War KW - Economic Development KW - Economic Systems KW - Iraq KW - article KW - 9141: political economy; political economy KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60175769?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Middle+East+Policy&rft.atitle=A+Monetary%2FExchange-Rate+Strategy+for+the+Reconstruction+of+Iraq&rft.au=Looney%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Looney&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Middle+East+Policy&rft.issn=10611924&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-10-30 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Iraq; War; Reconstruction; Economic Development; Exchange Rate; Economic Systems; Monetary Policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reforming Pakistan's Educational System: The Challenge of the Madrassas AN - 60156944; 200410612 AB - The author examines the history & functioning of the Madrassa school system in Pakistan, which he sees as a fount of Islamic fundamentalism in that country & a potential source of recruits for militant Islamic extremism. Adapted from the source document. JF - The Journal of Social, Political and Economic Studies AU - Looney, Robert AD - Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA relooney@nps.navy.mil Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - October 2003 SP - 257 EP - 274 VL - 28 IS - 3 SN - 0278-839X, 0278-839X KW - Madrassa schools KW - Extremism KW - Education KW - Religious Fundamentalism KW - Schools KW - Pakistan KW - Islam KW - article KW - 9241: politics and religion; politics and religion UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60156944?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Social%2C+Political+and+Economic+Studies&rft.atitle=Reforming+Pakistan%27s+Educational+System%3A+The+Challenge+of+the+Madrassas&rft.au=Looney%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Looney&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+Social%2C+Political+and+Economic+Studies&rft.issn=0278839X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-10-30 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - JPSDD2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pakistan; Religious Fundamentalism; Islam; Extremism; Education; Schools ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Neoliberal Model's Planned Role in Iraq's Economic Transition AN - 60138964; 200410454 AB - For many in the Bush administration, Iraq is now the test case for whether the US can create, through introducing a series of neoliberal economic reforms, a system of American-style free market capitalism in the Arab world. The neoliberal model as applied to Iraq's economic transformation will entail a policy mix stressing a greater role for the market in the allocation of resources, a much reduced role for the state, & increasing integration in the world economy. Although the model appears sound in terms of its theoretical construct & empirical validity, questions remain concerning its likely success in the Iraqi context. 3 Tables. Adapted from the source document. JF - The Middle East Journal AU - Looney, Robert AD - Dept National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - October 2003 SP - 568 EP - 586 VL - 57 IS - 4 SN - 0026-3141, 0026-3141 KW - Reconstruction KW - Market Economy KW - Neoliberalism KW - United States of America KW - Economic Development KW - Iraq KW - article KW - 9141: political economy; political economy KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60138964?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Middle+East+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Neoliberal+Model%27s+Planned+Role+in+Iraq%27s+Economic+Transition&rft.au=Looney%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Looney&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=568&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Middle+East+Journal&rft.issn=00263141&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-10-30 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Iraq; Reconstruction; Economic Development; Neoliberalism; Market Economy; United States of America ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ekman transport and pumping in the California Current based on the U.S. Navy's high-resolution atmospheric model (COAMPS) AN - 51808317; 2004-068471 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Pickett, Mark H AU - Paduan, Jeffrey D Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - October 2003 SP - 10 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 108 IS - C10 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - East Pacific KW - currents KW - upwelling KW - high-resolution methods KW - sea water KW - California Current KW - Northeast Pacific KW - time series analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - atmosphere KW - altimetry KW - satellite methods KW - ocean currents KW - Ekman transport KW - North Pacific KW - Pacific Ocean KW - seasonal variations KW - winds KW - remote sensing KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51808317?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Ekman+transport+and+pumping+in+the+California+Current+based+on+the+U.S.+Navy%27s+high-resolution+atmospheric+model+%28COAMPS%29&rft.au=Pickett%2C+Mark+H%3BPaduan%2C+Jeffrey+D&rft.aulast=Pickett&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=C10&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003JC001902 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - altimetry; atmosphere; California Current; currents; East Pacific; Ekman transport; high-resolution methods; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; ocean currents; Pacific Ocean; remote sensing; satellite methods; sea water; seasonal variations; statistical analysis; time series analysis; upwelling; winds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JC001902 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of size and morphological measurements of coarse mode dust particles from Africa AN - 51756731; 2005-012184 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Reid, Jeffrey S AU - Jonsson, Haflidi H AU - Maring, Hal B AU - Smirnov, Alexander AU - Savoie, Dennis L AU - Cliff, Steven S AU - Reid, Elizabeth A AU - Livingston, John M AU - Meier, Mike M AU - Dubovik, Oleg AU - Tsay, Si-Chee Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - October 2003 SP - 28 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 108 IS - D19 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - Puerto Rico Dust Experiment KW - sediment transport KW - PRIDE KW - clastic sediments KW - shape analysis KW - size distribution KW - optical properties KW - sensitivity analysis KW - dust KW - sediments KW - Africa KW - Sahara KW - wind transport KW - chemical composition KW - SEM data KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51756731?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+size+and+morphological+measurements+of+coarse+mode+dust+particles+from+Africa&rft.au=Reid%2C+Jeffrey+S%3BJonsson%2C+Haflidi+H%3BMaring%2C+Hal+B%3BSmirnov%2C+Alexander%3BSavoie%2C+Dennis+L%3BCliff%2C+Steven+S%3BReid%2C+Elizabeth+A%3BLivingston%2C+John+M%3BMeier%2C+Mike+M%3BDubovik%2C+Oleg%3BTsay%2C+Si-Chee&rft.aulast=Reid&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=D19&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002JD002485 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 74 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; chemical composition; clastic sediments; dust; optical properties; PRIDE; Puerto Rico Dust Experiment; Sahara; sediment transport; sediments; SEM data; sensitivity analysis; shape analysis; size distribution; wind transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002JD002485 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of measurements of Saharan dust by airborne and ground-based remote sensing methods during the Puerto Rico Dust Experiment (PRIDE) AN - 51755520; 2005-012177 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Reid, Jeffrey S AU - Kinney, James E AU - Westphal, Douglas L AU - Holben, Brent N AU - Welton, Ellsworth J AU - Tsay, Si-Chee AU - Eleuterio, Daniel P AU - Campbell, James R AU - Christopher, Sundar A AU - Colarco, P R AU - Jonsson, Haflidi H AU - Livingston, John M AU - Maring, Hal B AU - Meier, Michael L AU - Pilewskie, Peter AU - Prospero, Joseph M AU - Reid, Elizabeth A AU - Remer, Lorraine A AU - Russell, Philip B AU - Savoie, Dennis L AU - Smirnov, Alexander AU - Tanre, Didier Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - October 2003 SP - 27 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 108 IS - D19 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - Puerto Rico Dust Experiment KW - environmental analysis KW - AVHRR KW - infrared methods KW - sediments KW - AERONET KW - meteorology KW - Cape Verde Islands KW - PRIDE KW - clastic sediments KW - geophysical methods KW - atmosphere KW - Caribbean region KW - distribution KW - measurement KW - geochemical cycle KW - Atlantic Ocean Islands KW - optical properties KW - dust KW - Africa KW - Sahara KW - wind transport KW - remote sensing KW - airborne methods KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51755520?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+measurements+of+Saharan+dust+by+airborne+and+ground-based+remote+sensing+methods+during+the+Puerto+Rico+Dust+Experiment+%28PRIDE%29&rft.au=Reid%2C+Jeffrey+S%3BKinney%2C+James+E%3BWestphal%2C+Douglas+L%3BHolben%2C+Brent+N%3BWelton%2C+Ellsworth+J%3BTsay%2C+Si-Chee%3BEleuterio%2C+Daniel+P%3BCampbell%2C+James+R%3BChristopher%2C+Sundar+A%3BColarco%2C+P+R%3BJonsson%2C+Haflidi+H%3BLivingston%2C+John+M%3BMaring%2C+Hal+B%3BMeier%2C+Michael+L%3BPilewskie%2C+Peter%3BProspero%2C+Joseph+M%3BReid%2C+Elizabeth+A%3BRemer%2C+Lorraine+A%3BRussell%2C+Philip+B%3BSavoie%2C+Dennis+L%3BSmirnov%2C+Alexander%3BTanre%2C+Didier&rft.aulast=Reid&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=D19&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003JD002493 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - AERONET; Africa; airborne methods; Atlantic Ocean Islands; atmosphere; AVHRR; Cape Verde Islands; Caribbean region; clastic sediments; distribution; dust; environmental analysis; geochemical cycle; geophysical methods; infrared methods; measurement; meteorology; optical properties; PRIDE; Puerto Rico Dust Experiment; remote sensing; Sahara; sediments; wind transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JD002493 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Opposing Signals from Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns and IL-10 Are Critical for Optimal Dendritic Cell Induction of In Vivo Humoral Immunity to Streptococcus pneumoniae AN - 18875342; 5727049 AB - Interleukin10 is widely regarded as an inhibitor of immunity in part through its ability to inhibit dendritic cell (DC) function. The present study suggests a modification of this view by demonstrating instead that a critical balance exists between signals mediated by pathogen-associated molecular patterns and IL-10 for optimization of DC induction of an in vivo humoral immune response. Bone marrow-derived, CD8 alpha super(-) DC pulsed with Streptococcus pneumoniae in vitro induce in vivo protein- and polysaccharide-specific Ig isotype responses upon adoptive transfer into naive mice. Following bacterial activation, DC have a limited time during which they can function as effective APCs in vivo due to the onset of maturation-associated apoptosis. Autocrine IL- 10, by limiting the time during which DC are responsive to widely varying levels of bacterial stimulation, delays the onset of DC apoptosis and thus prolongs the time during which DC are able to elicit in vivo humoral immunity. These data demonstrate a requirement for properly balanced positive and negative signaling in DC to optimize an in vivo immune response to a pathogen. JF - Journal of Immunology AU - Colino, J AU - Snapper, C M AD - Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814 Y1 - 2003/10/01/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Oct 01 SP - 3508 EP - 3519 PB - American Association of Immunologists, 9650 Rockville Pike Bethesda MD 20814-3998 USA, [URL:http://www.jimmunol.org/] VL - 171 IS - 7 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - F 06801:Bacteria KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18875342?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Immunology&rft.atitle=Opposing+Signals+from+Pathogen-Associated+Molecular+Patterns+and+IL-10+Are+Critical+for+Optimal+Dendritic+Cell+Induction+of+In+Vivo+Humoral+Immunity+to+Streptococcus+pneumoniae&rft.au=Colino%2C+J%3BSnapper%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Colino&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=171&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=3508&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Immunology&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of Two Eukaryote-Like Serine/Threonine Kinases Encoded by Chlamydia trachomatis Serovar L2 and Characterization of Interacting Partners of Pkn1 AN - 18874091; 5718306 AB - Genome sequencing of C. trachomatis serovar D revealed the presence of three putative open reading frames (ORFs), CT145 (Pkn1), CT673 (Pkn5), and CT301 (PknD), encoding eukaryote-like serine/threonine kinases (Ser/Thr kinases). Two of these putative kinase genes, CT145 and CT301, were PCR amplified from serovar L2, cloned, and sequenced. Predicted translation products of the ORFs showed the presence of conserved kinase motifs at the N terminus of the proteins. CT145 and CT301 (encoding Pkn1 and PknD, respectively) were expressed in Escherichia coli as GST fusion proteins. In vitro kinase assays with Escherichia coli- derived glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins showed autophosphorylation of Pkn1 and PknD, indicating that they are functional kinases. Gene expression analysis of these kinase genes in Chlamydia by reverse transcriptase PCR indicated expression of these kinases at the early mid phase of the developmental cycle. Immunoprecipitated native chlamydial Pkn1 and PknD proteins also showed autophosphorylation in an in vitro kinase assay. Phosphoamino acid analysis by thin-layer chromatography confirmed that Pkn1 and PknD are phosphorylated on both serine and threonine residues. Interaction of Pkn1 and PknD with each other as well as interaction of Pkn1 with inclusion membrane protein G (IncG) was demonstrated by using a bacterial two-hybrid system. These interactions were further suggested by phosphorylation of the proteins in in vitro kinase assays. This report is the first description of the existence of functional Ser/Thr kinases in Chlamydia. The results of these findings should lead to a better understanding of how Chlamydia interact and interfere with host signaling pathways, since kinases represent potential mediators of the intimate host-pathogen interactions that are essential to the intracellular life cycle of Chlamydia. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Verma, A AU - Maurelli, A T AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, amaurelli@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - Oct 2003 SP - 5772 EP - 5784 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 71 IS - 10 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - CT145 protein KW - CT301 protein KW - nucleotide sequence KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - N 14640:Structure & sequence KW - J 02728:Enzymes KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18874091?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Identification+of+Two+Eukaryote-Like+Serine%2FThreonine+Kinases+Encoded+by+Chlamydia+trachomatis+Serovar+L2+and+Characterization+of+Interacting+Partners+of+Pkn1&rft.au=Verma%2C+A%3BMaurelli%2C+A+T&rft.aulast=Verma&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=5772&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FIAI.71.10.5772-5784.2003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.71.10.5772-5784.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Gonococcal Efflux Pump System Enhances Bacterial Survival in a Female Mouse Model of Genital Tract Infection AN - 18872609; 5718262 AB - Active efflux of antimicrobial substances is likely to be an important bacterial defense against inhibitory host factors inherent to different body sites. Two well-characterized multidrug resistance efflux systems (MtrCDE and FarAB-MtrE) exist in Neisseria gonorrhoeae, a bacterial pathogen of the human genital mucosae. In vitro studies suggest that the MtrCDE and FarAB-MtrE efflux systems protect the gonococcus from hydrophobic antimicrobial substances that are likely to be present on mucosal surfaces. Here we report that a functional MtrCDE efflux system, but not a functional FarAB-MtrE system, enhances experimental gonococcal genital tract infection in female mice. Specifically, the recovery of mtrD and mtrE mutants, but not a farB mutant, from mice inoculated with mutant or wild-type gonococci was reduced compared with that of the wild-type strain. Competitive-infection experiments confirmed the survival disadvantage of MtrCDE-deficient gonococci. This report is the first direct evidence that a multidrug resistance efflux system enhances survival of a bacterial pathogen in the genital tract. Additionally, experiments using ovariectomized mice showed that MtrCDE-deficient gonococci were more rapidly cleared from mice that were capable of secreting gonadal hormones. MtrCDE-deficient gonococci were more sensitive to nonphysiological concentrations of progesterone in vitro than were wild-type or FarAB-MtrE- deficient gonococci. These results suggest that progesterone may play an inhibitory role in vivo. However, hormonally regulated factors rather than progesterone itself may be responsible for the more rapid clearance of mtr- deficient gonococci from intact mice. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Jerse, A E AU - Sharma, N D AU - Simms, AN AU - Crow, E T AU - Snyder, LA AU - Shafer, WM AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814, ajerse@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - Oct 2003 SP - 5576 EP - 5582 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 71 IS - 10 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - farB gene KW - mtrD gene KW - mtrE gene KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts KW - J 02847:Genitourinary tract KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18872609?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=A+Gonococcal+Efflux+Pump+System+Enhances+Bacterial+Survival+in+a+Female+Mouse+Model+of+Genital+Tract+Infection&rft.au=Jerse%2C+A+E%3BSharma%2C+N+D%3BSimms%2C+AN%3BCrow%2C+E+T%3BSnyder%2C+LA%3BShafer%2C+WM&rft.aulast=Jerse&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=5576&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FIAI.71.10.5576-5582.2003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.71.10.5576-5582.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The herbal medicine Dipsacus asper wall extract reduces the cognitive deficits and overexpression of beta-amyloid protein induced by aluminum exposure. AN - 73631113; 12954453 AB - Excess aluminum (Al) exposure impairs neurocognitive function in humans and animals. Epidemiologic studies have shown a potential link between chronic Al exposure and Alzheimer's disease. In the present study, we sought to evaluate the protective effects of the herbal medicine Dipsacus asper extract against the cognitive impairment and overexpression of hippocampal beta-amyloid protein (Abeta) induced by chronic Al exposure in rats. Vitamin E (VE) was used as a positive control. Following exposure to 0.3% aluminum chloride (AlCl(3)) solution for 90 days in their drinking water, animals displayed a striking decrease (>80%) in step-through latency in the passive avoidance task and a significant increase (123%) in the number of Abeta immunoreactive cells in the hippocampus compared to controls. Al-exposed animals were then randomly assigned to receive vehicle, Dipsacus asper extract (4 g/kg), or VE (40 mg/kg) treatment up to 5 months. Both Dipsacus asper extract and VE significantly ameliorated animal's performance impairment in the passive avoidance task and suppressed the overexpression of hippocampal Abeta immunoreactivity. The effects of Dipsacus asper extract, but not VE, increased with time of treatment. The present results suggest that Dipsacus asper extract may possess therapeutic effects against Alzheimer's disease. JF - Life sciences AU - Zhang, Zhang-Jin AU - Qian, Yi-Hua AU - Hu, Hai-Tao AU - Yang, Jie AU - Yang, Guang-De AD - Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China. zzhang1@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2003/09/26/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Sep 26 SP - 2443 EP - 2454 VL - 73 IS - 19 SN - 0024-3205, 0024-3205 KW - Aluminum Compounds KW - 0 KW - Amyloid beta-Peptides KW - Chlorides KW - Drugs, Chinese Herbal KW - Vitamin E KW - 1406-18-4 KW - aluminum chloride KW - 3CYT62D3GA KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Hippocampus -- metabolism KW - Vitamin E -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - Hippocampus -- drug effects KW - Chlorides -- toxicity KW - Amyloid beta-Peptides -- biosynthesis KW - Avoidance Learning -- drug effects KW - Aluminum Compounds -- toxicity KW - Drugs, Chinese Herbal -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73631113?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Life+sciences&rft.atitle=The+herbal+medicine+Dipsacus+asper+wall+extract+reduces+the+cognitive+deficits+and+overexpression+of+beta-amyloid+protein+induced+by+aluminum+exposure.&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Zhang-Jin%3BQian%2C+Yi-Hua%3BHu%2C+Hai-Tao%3BYang%2C+Jie%3BYang%2C+Guang-De&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Zhang-Jin&rft.date=2003-09-26&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=2443&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Life+sciences&rft.issn=00243205&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-09-30 N1 - Date created - 2003-09-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intracellular production and extracellular release of oxygen radicals by PMNs and oxidative stress on PMNs during phagocytosis of periodontopathic bacteria. AN - 75700314; 14505184 AB - In this study we investigated intracellular and extracellular oxygen radical production by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) during the phagocytosis of periodontopathic bacteria. In in vitro assays, bacteria of the species Porphyromonas gingivalis, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, and Fusobacterium nucleatum were phagocytosed at 37 degrees C for 4 h by purified peripheral human PMNs from healthy subjects (n = 6). Superoxide production during phagocytosis was determined by flow cytometry and with a fluorescence/luminescence microplate reader. After phagocytosis, oxidative stress was determined by flow cytometry. Both the intracellular and extracellular oxygen radical production by PMNs phagocytosing F. nucleatum was significantly greater than that of PMNs phagocytosing P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans ( P < 0.01 by the Mann-Whitney test). Moreover, after 4 h of incubation, the oxidative stress of PMNs phagocytosing F. nucleatum was significantly greater than that of PMNs phagocytosing P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans. We conclude that a high level of superoxide production by PMNs may damage not only periodontopathic bacteria but also PMNs themselves, and may be correlated with the destruction of periodontal tissue. JF - Odontology AU - Katsuragi, Hiroaki AU - Ohtake, Mineko AU - Kurasawa, Ikuo AU - Saito, Kazuko AD - Department of Oral Microbiology, Nippon Dental University School of Dentistry at Niigata, 1-8 Hamaura-cho, Niigata 951-8580, Japan. katsura@ngt.ndu.ac.jp Y1 - 2003/09// PY - 2003 DA - September 2003 SP - 13 EP - 18 VL - 91 IS - 1 SN - 1618-1247, 1618-1247 KW - Oxidants KW - 0 KW - Reactive Oxygen Species KW - Superoxides KW - 11062-77-4 KW - Hydrogen Peroxide KW - BBX060AN9V KW - Dentistry KW - Index Medicus KW - Superoxides -- metabolism KW - Hydrogen Peroxide -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Body Temperature -- physiology KW - Oxidants -- metabolism KW - Flow Cytometry KW - Time Factors KW - Statistics, Nonparametric KW - Periodontal Diseases -- microbiology KW - Neutrophils -- metabolism KW - Reactive Oxygen Species -- metabolism KW - Porphyromonas gingivalis -- physiology KW - Phagocytosis -- physiology KW - Oxidative Stress -- physiology KW - Fusobacterium nucleatum -- physiology KW - Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75700314?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Odontology&rft.atitle=Intracellular+production+and+extracellular+release+of+oxygen+radicals+by+PMNs+and+oxidative+stress+on+PMNs+during+phagocytosis+of+periodontopathic+bacteria.&rft.au=Katsuragi%2C+Hiroaki%3BOhtake%2C+Mineko%3BKurasawa%2C+Ikuo%3BSaito%2C+Kazuko&rft.aulast=Katsuragi&rft.aufirst=Hiroaki&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Odontology&rft.issn=16181247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-12-09 N1 - Date created - 2003-09-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and assessment of a quantitative reverse transcription-PCR assay for simultaneous measurement of four amplicons. AN - 73504898; 12928227 AB - High-throughput and forward-deployable biological dosimetry capabilities are required for tactical and medical decisions after radiologic events. We previously reported a quantitative reverse transcription (QRT)-PCR assay for human radiation-responsive gene targets using a whole-blood ex vivo irradiation model, but we needed a multitarget assay on a smaller, less costly, real-time PCR detection system. We developed a quadruplex QRT-PCR assay in a 96-well, closed-plate format suitable for use with RNA extracted from whole blood. Four cDNA targets were simultaneously amplified in a sealed tube by hybridization to exonuclease probes, each conjugated to distinct fluorogenic reporters. A novel primer-limited 18S rRNA reference target was validated from serial dilutions of human total RNA. To test assay precision, we incorporated a positive-control cDNA mimic into duplex and quadruplex PCR reactions. The master mixture was supplemented with more enzyme, MgCl(2), and deoxyribonucleotides. Simultaneous detection of four targets was evaluated in comparison with respective duplex QRT-PCR assays. The simultaneous detection of three radiation-responsive genes by quadruplex QRT-PCR was quantitative, with gene expression changes similar to those observed with optimized duplex and triplex QRT-PCR assays. The 18S rRNA and GADD45 calibration curves (threshold cycle vs log(10) cDNA) were linear and reproducible and showed optimal PCR efficiencies as indicated by slopes statistically equivalent to the theoretical value of -3.322. This is the first study of a quadruplex QRT-PCR assay. Our approach has diagnostic utility in the detection of biomarkers, biological and toxicologic agents, and genes of inherited diseases and cancer. JF - Clinical chemistry AU - Grace, Marcy B AU - McLeland, Christopher B AU - Gagliardi, Steven J AU - Smith, Jeffrey M AU - Jackson, William E AU - Blakely, William F AD - Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Biological Dosimetry Team, 8901 Wisconsin Ave., Bethesda, MD 20889-5603, USA. grace@afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2003/09// PY - 2003 DA - September 2003 SP - 1467 EP - 1475 VL - 49 IS - 9 SN - 0009-9147, 0009-9147 KW - DDB2 protein, human KW - 0 KW - DNA, Complementary KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - GADD45 protein KW - Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins KW - Proteins KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 KW - RNA primers KW - RNA, Ribosomal, 18S KW - bcl-2-Associated X Protein KW - RNA KW - 63231-63-0 KW - Superoxide Dismutase KW - EC 1.15.1.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Humans KW - DNA, Complementary -- chemistry KW - RNA, Ribosomal, 18S -- chemistry KW - RNA, Ribosomal, 18S -- blood KW - RNA -- chemistry KW - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction -- methods KW - Male KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- blood KW - Proteins -- chemistry KW - DNA Repair KW - Superoxide Dismutase -- blood KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- genetics KW - Superoxide Dismutase -- genetics KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- genetics KW - Proteins -- metabolism KW - Proteins -- genetics KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- blood UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73504898?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+chemistry&rft.atitle=Development+and+assessment+of+a+quantitative+reverse+transcription-PCR+assay+for+simultaneous+measurement+of+four+amplicons.&rft.au=Grace%2C+Marcy+B%3BMcLeland%2C+Christopher+B%3BGagliardi%2C+Steven+J%3BSmith%2C+Jeffrey+M%3BJackson%2C+William+E%3BBlakely%2C+William+F&rft.aulast=Grace&rft.aufirst=Marcy&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1467&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+chemistry&rft.issn=00099147&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-09-15 N1 - Date created - 2003-08-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Program fosters advances in shallow-water acoustics in southeastern Asia AN - 51929850; 2003-074863 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Ramp, S R AU - Lynch, J F AU - Dahl, P H AU - Chiu, C S AU - Simmen, J A Y1 - 2003/09// PY - 2003 DA - September 2003 SP - 361 EP - 361, 367 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 37 SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - ASIAEX KW - geophysical surveys KW - international cooperation KW - West Pacific KW - acoustical methods KW - shallow depth KW - marine sediments KW - sediments KW - propagation KW - Asian Seas International Acoustics Experiment KW - Southeast Asia KW - Northwest Pacific KW - Asia KW - South China Sea KW - programs KW - East China Sea KW - pressure KW - geophysical methods KW - North Pacific KW - marine methods KW - Pacific Ocean KW - surveys KW - bathymetry KW - hydrophones KW - acoustical waves KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51929850?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Program+fosters+advances+in+shallow-water+acoustics+in+southeastern+Asia&rft.au=Ramp%2C+S+R%3BLynch%2C+J+F%3BDahl%2C+P+H%3BChiu%2C+C+S%3BSimmen%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Ramp&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=37&rft.spage=361&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acoustical methods; acoustical waves; Asia; ASIAEX; Asian Seas International Acoustics Experiment; bathymetry; East China Sea; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; hydrophones; international cooperation; marine methods; marine sediments; North Pacific; Northwest Pacific; Pacific Ocean; pressure; programs; propagation; sediments; shallow depth; South China Sea; Southeast Asia; surveys; West Pacific ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Two Distinct Mechanisms For Induction of Dendritic Cell Apoptosis in Response to Intact Streptococcus pneumoniae AN - 18870808; 5717046 AB - Apoptotic dendritic cells (DCs) are ineffective at inducing immunity. Thus, parameters that regulate DC viability during a primary infection will help to determine the outcome of the subsequent immune response. In this regard, pathogens have developed strategies to promote DC apoptosis to counterbalance the nascent primary immune response. We demonstrate, using cultured bone marrow-derived DCs, that Streptococcus pneumoniae can induce DC apoptosis through two distinct mechanisms: 1) a rapid, caspase-independent mechanism of apoptosis induction, critically dependent on bacterial expression of pneumolysin, and 2) a delayed-onset, caspase-dependent mechanism of apoptosis induction associated with terminal DC maturation. Delayed-onset apoptosis does not require bacterial internalization, but rather is triggered by the interaction of bacterial subcapsular components and bone marrow-derived DC (likely Toll-like) receptors acting in a myeloid differentiation factor 88-dependent manner. In this regard, heavy polysaccharide encapsulation interferes with both DC maturation and apoptosis induction. In contrast, neither CD95/CD95 ligand interactions nor TNF-[alpha] appear to play a role in the delayed onset of apoptosis. These data are the first to define two mechanistically distinct pathways of DC apoptosis induction in response to an extracellular bacterium that likely have important consequences for the establishment of antibacterial immunity. JF - Journal of Immunology AU - Colino, J AU - Snapper, C M AD - Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814 Y1 - 2003/09/01/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Sep 01 SP - 2354 EP - 2365 VL - 171 IS - 5 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - F 06801:Bacteria KW - F 06737:Apoptosis KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18870808?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Immunology&rft.atitle=Two+Distinct+Mechanisms+For+Induction+of+Dendritic+Cell+Apoptosis+in+Response+to+Intact+Streptococcus+pneumoniae&rft.au=Colino%2C+J%3BSnapper%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Colino&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.volume=171&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2354&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Immunology&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated case management for work-related upper-extremity disorders: impact of patient satisfaction on health and work status. AN - 73534292; 12915782 AB - An integrated case management (ICM) approach (ergonomic and problem-solving intervention) to work-related upper-extremity disorders was examined in relation to patient satisfaction, future symptom severity, function, and return to work (RTW). Federal workers with work-related upper-extremity disorder workers' compensation claims (n = 205) were randomly assigned to usual care or ICM intervention. Patient satisfaction was assessed after the 4-month intervention period. Questionnaires on clinical outcomes and ergonomic exposure were administered at baseline and at 6- and 12-months postintervention. Time from intervention to RTW was obtained from an administrative database. ICM group assignment was significantly associated with greater patient satisfaction. Regression analyses found higher patient satisfaction levels predicted decreased symptom severity and functional limitations at 6 months and a shorter RTW. At 12 months, predictors of positive outcomes included male gender, lower distress, lower levels of reported ergonomic exposure, and receipt of ICM. Findings highlight the utility of targeting workplace ergonomic and problem solving skills. JF - Journal of occupational and environmental medicine AU - Feuerstein, Michael AU - Huang, Grant D AU - Ortiz, Jose M AU - Shaw, William S AU - Miller, Virginia I AU - Wood, Patricia M AD - Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. mfeuerstein@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - August 2003 SP - 803 EP - 812 VL - 45 IS - 8 SN - 1076-2752, 1076-2752 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Human Engineering KW - Health Expenditures KW - Humans KW - Education, Continuing KW - Adult KW - Surveys and Questionnaires KW - Workers' Compensation KW - Middle Aged KW - Federal Government KW - Male KW - Female KW - Problem Solving KW - Patient Satisfaction -- statistics & numerical data KW - Rehabilitation, Vocational -- methods KW - Occupational Diseases -- therapy KW - Case Management KW - Upper Extremity -- physiopathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73534292?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+occupational+and+environmental+medicine&rft.atitle=Integrated+case+management+for+work-related+upper-extremity+disorders%3A+impact+of+patient+satisfaction+on+health+and+work+status.&rft.au=Feuerstein%2C+Michael%3BHuang%2C+Grant+D%3BOrtiz%2C+Jose+M%3BShaw%2C+William+S%3BMiller%2C+Virginia+I%3BWood%2C+Patricia+M&rft.aulast=Feuerstein&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=803&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+occupational+and+environmental+medicine&rft.issn=10762752&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-03 N1 - Date created - 2003-08-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing drought-related ecological risk in the Florida Everglades AN - 20606086; 5713624 AB - In the winter-spring of 2001, South Florida experienced one of the worst droughts in its recorded history. Out of a myriad of ecological concerns identified during this time, the potential for catastrophic peat fire and negative impacts to wading bird reproduction emerged as critical issues. Water managers attempted to strike a balance between the environment and protection of water supplies for agriculture and urban interests. It became evident, however, that a broad-scale, integrated way to portray and prioritise ecological stress was lacking in the Florida Everglades, despite this being considered a necessary tool for addressing issues of environmental protection. In order to provide a framework for evaluating various water management operations using real-time information, we developed GIS-based indices of peat-fire risk and wading bird habitat suitability. These indices, based on real physical, chemical, and biological data, describe two ecological conditions that help define the physical and biological integrity of the Everglades. In addition to providing continuous, updated assessments throughout the drought period, we incorporated predictive models of water levels to evaluate how various water management alternatives might exacerbate or alleviate ecological stress during this time. JF - Journal of Environmental Management AU - Smith, S M AU - Gawlik, DE AU - Rutchey, K AU - Crozier, GE AU - Gray, S AD - National Park Service, Cape Cod National Seashore, 99 Marconi Site Road, Wellfleet, MA 02667, USA, stephen_m_smith@nps.gov Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - August 2003 SP - 355 EP - 366 PB - Elsevier Ltd VL - 68 IS - 4 SN - 0301-4797, 0301-4797 KW - Birds KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts KW - Historical account KW - Water Management KW - Management KW - USA, Florida KW - Drought KW - Freshwater KW - Water supplies KW - Risks KW - Water levels KW - Assessments KW - History KW - Fire KW - Ecosystem management KW - Wetlands KW - Droughts KW - Fires KW - USA, Florida, Everglades KW - agriculture KW - Stress KW - Environmental Protection KW - Habitat KW - Environmental protection KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Peat KW - Aves KW - Risk KW - water levels KW - Breeding sites KW - Water management KW - Reproduction KW - Disturbance KW - Aquatic birds KW - D 04700:Management KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - SW 2060:Effects on water of human nonwater activities KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - Q1 08364:Reproduction and development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20606086?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Assessing+drought-related+ecological+risk+in+the+Florida+Everglades&rft.au=Smith%2C+S+M%3BGawlik%2C+DE%3BRutchey%2C+K%3BCrozier%2C+GE%3BGray%2C+S&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=355&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Management&rft.issn=03014797&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0301-4797%2803%2900102-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water levels; Breeding sites; Water management; Fire; Ecosystem management; Wetlands; Droughts; Aquatic birds; Ecosystem disturbance; Risks; Fires; Management; Disturbance; Historical account; agriculture; Stress; Habitat; Water supplies; Environmental protection; Peat; Aves; water levels; Reproduction; Risk; Water Management; Assessments; History; Environmental Protection; Birds; Drought; USA, Florida, Everglades; USA, Florida; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0301-4797(03)00102-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecological Effects of Ranching: A Six-Point Critique AN - 18937577; 5717103 AB - Ranching is the dominant land use in much of the American West. Although a copious literature has examined the effects of various grazing practices on native ecosystems, we present here the idea that ranching has important impacts on the land independent of those caused by grazing itself. If biological conservation is to be successful on the western grasslands and shrublands, ranchers must be central to any plan. Focusing on the Great Plains of the United States, and on Wyoming in particular, we raise six points of concern that must be addressed before we can hope to restore or maintain native ecosystems on the range. JF - Bioscience AU - Freilich, JE AU - Emlen, J M AU - Duda, J J AU - Freeman, D C AU - Cafaro, P J AD - Olympic National Park, Port Angeles, WA 98362, USA, Jerry_Freilich@nps.gov Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - Aug 2003 SP - 759 EP - 765 PB - American Institute of Biological Sciences VL - 53 IS - 8 SN - 0006-3568, 0006-3568 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Grasslands KW - Range KW - USA, Wyoming KW - Grazing KW - Conservation KW - Land use KW - D 04715:Reclamation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18937577?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioscience&rft.atitle=Ecological+Effects+of+Ranching%3A+A+Six-Point+Critique&rft.au=Freilich%2C+JE%3BEmlen%2C+J+M%3BDuda%2C+J+J%3BFreeman%2C+D+C%3BCafaro%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Freilich&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=759&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioscience&rft.issn=00063568&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Wyoming; Land use; Grazing; Conservation; Range; Grasslands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Engineering Deinococcus geothermalis for Bioremediation of High-Temperature Radioactive Waste Environments AN - 16152845; 5681629 AB - Deinococcus geothermalis is an extremely radiation-resistant thermophilic bacterium closely related to the mesophile Deinococcus radiodurans, which is being engineered for in situ bioremediation of radioactive wastes. We report that D. geothermalis is transformable with plasmids designed for D. radiodurans and have generated a Hg(II)- resistant D. geothermalis strain capable of reducing Hg(II) at elevated temperatures and in the presence of 50 Gy/h. Additionally, D. geothermalis is capable of reducing Fe(III)-nitrilotriacetic acid, U(VI), and Cr(VI). These characteristics support the prospective development of this thermophilic radiophile for bioremediation of radioactive mixed waste environments with temperatures as high as 55 degree C. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Brim, H AU - Venkateswaran, A AU - Kostandarithes, H M AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Daly, MJ AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), Rm. B3153, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, mdaly@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - Aug 2003 SP - 4575 EP - 4582 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 69 IS - 8 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Bioremediation KW - Thermophilic bacteria KW - Uranium KW - Deinococcus geothermalis KW - Temperature effects KW - Chromium KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Waste treatment KW - Mercury KW - Deinococcus radiodurans KW - Ultrahigh temperature KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - W2 32510:Waste treatment, environment, pollution KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - J 02722:Biodegradation, growth, nutrition and leaching KW - W4 210:Bioremediation, Bioreactors & BioCycling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16152845?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Engineering+Deinococcus+geothermalis+for+Bioremediation+of+High-Temperature+Radioactive+Waste+Environments&rft.au=Brim%2C+H%3BVenkateswaran%2C+A%3BKostandarithes%2C+H+M%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K%3BDaly%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Brim&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=4575&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.69.8.4575-4582.2003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Bioremediation; Chromium; Uranium; Thermophilic bacteria; Radioactive wastes; Mercury; Waste treatment; Ultrahigh temperature; Deinococcus geothermalis; Deinococcus radiodurans DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.69.8.4575-4582.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scale-dependent habitat selection by a nearshore seabird, the marbled murrelet, in a highly dynamic upwelling system AN - 18878389; 5736273 AB - We investigated daily and annual variation in the marine habitat selection of marbled murrelets Brachyramphus marmoratus (Alcidae) in the nearshore California Current System at scales of 10 to 100 km of coastline. We addressed 2 general questions: (1) how do murrelets select habitat while facing dramatic and often rapid variation in oceanographic conditions and prey availability; and (2) does selection vary between meso- (10 to 100 km) and fine- (<10 km) scales. Marine transects were performed during 1999 and 2000 to survey murrelets and prey-fish schools, and to collect data on physical oceanography. We predicted that habitat selection would vary with upwelling intensity and prey availability: prey-aggregating mechanisms should be more important under low upwelling scenarios when cool, productive water is more limited, and murrelets should forage closer to nesting habitat when prey availability is high. This was generally the case, as murrelets selected cooler locations when upwelling was low and locations closer to nesting habitat when upwelling was high. Interactions among variables were important; murrelet habitat selection for prey and fronts changed among different sea surface temperatures (SSTs), distance to nesting habitat, upwelling intensity, and overall prey availability. Scale-dependent selection for prey patches (fish schools) and fronts occurred within larger-scale selection for SST or distance from nesting habitat. Additional scale-dependent effects of prey availability were revealed by small-scale surveys in an area of high prey density. In this case, murrelets selected cool water (higher quality habitat) when prey availability was low and were associated with prey schools when prey availability was high. Additional large-scale surveys from 1996 to 2000 revealed that these patterns also manifested themselves on a longer temporal scale. Murrelets occurred farther from nesting flyways in years when spring upwelling was low and during the 1998 El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) when local food webs were depressed and numerous other seabird species failed to reproduce. JF - Marine Ecology Progress Series AU - Becker, B H AU - Beissinger AD - Pacific Coast Science and Learning Center, Point Reyes National Seashore, Point Reyes Station, California 94956, USA, ben_becker@nps.gov Y1 - 2003/07/17/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Jul 17 SP - 243 EP - 255 VL - 256 SN - 0171-8630, 0171-8630 KW - Marbled murrelet KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04671:Birds UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18878389?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.atitle=Scale-dependent+habitat+selection+by+a+nearshore+seabird%2C+the+marbled+murrelet%2C+in+a+highly+dynamic+upwelling+system&rft.au=Becker%2C+B+H%3BBeissinger&rft.aulast=Becker&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2003-07-17&rft.volume=256&rft.issue=&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.issn=01718630&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aqueous extract of Monascus purpureus M9011 prevents and reverses fructose-induced hypertension in rats. AN - 73387990; 12822928 AB - This study aimed to determine the antihypertensive and metabolic effects of an aqueous extract of Monascus purpureus M9011 on fructose-induced hypertensive rats. After dietary feeding of fructose for 2 weeks, the rats exhibited significantly higher systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and plasma insulin and triglyceride levels, but lower insulin sensitivity than those in control rats on regular diet. The intragastric loading of fructose-fed rats with M9011 containing gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 1 mg.kg(-)(1).day(-)(1)) prevented the development of fructose-induced hypertension. After fructose-induced hypertension had been established, intragastric loading of M9011 reversed the elevated blood pressure to normal level. Administration of pure GABA at the same dose as that contained in M9011 failed to prevent or reverse hypertension due to fructose consumption. Chronic M9011 treatment significantly suppressed the fructose-induced elevation in total cholesterol levels and enhanced the recovery of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio. However, M9011 treatment did not alter insulin sensitivity or the plasma levels of insulin, glucose, and triglyceride in fructose-fed and control rats. The present results suggest that M9011 is a novel, potent, food-based antihypertensive agent with the capability to improve long-term control of cholesterol metabolism in rats and may be of importance in clinical application for the hypertensive diabetic population. JF - Journal of agricultural and food chemistry AU - Hsieh, Po-Shiuan AU - Tai, Yueh-Hua AD - Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Defense Medical Center, National Defense University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China. pshsieh@hotmail.com Y1 - 2003/07/02/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Jul 02 SP - 3945 EP - 3950 VL - 51 IS - 14 SN - 0021-8561, 0021-8561 KW - Blood Glucose KW - 0 KW - Cholesterol, HDL KW - Insulin KW - Plant Extracts KW - Triglycerides KW - Fructose KW - 30237-26-4 KW - gamma-Aminobutyric Acid KW - 56-12-2 KW - Cholesterol KW - 97C5T2UQ7J KW - Index Medicus KW - Triglycerides -- blood KW - Animals KW - gamma-Aminobutyric Acid -- pharmacology KW - Insulin -- blood KW - Blood Glucose -- analysis KW - Body Weight KW - Rats KW - Cholesterol -- blood KW - Heart Rate -- drug effects KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Cholesterol, HDL -- blood KW - Blood Pressure -- drug effects KW - Insulin Resistance KW - Male KW - Plant Extracts -- pharmacology KW - Hypertension -- chemically induced KW - Monascus -- chemistry KW - Hypertension -- prevention & control KW - Plant Extracts -- therapeutic use KW - Hypertension -- drug therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73387990?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.atitle=Aqueous+extract+of+Monascus+purpureus+M9011+prevents+and+reverses+fructose-induced+hypertension+in+rats.&rft.au=Hsieh%2C+Po-Shiuan%3BTai%2C+Yueh-Hua&rft.aulast=Hsieh&rft.aufirst=Po-Shiuan&rft.date=2003-07-02&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=3945&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+agricultural+and+food+chemistry&rft.issn=00218561&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-08-20 N1 - Date created - 2003-06-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transient neurologic deficits associated with carbamazepine-induced hypertension. AN - 73536807; 12897634 AB - Carbamazepine is a well-established, effective treatment of complex partial seizures and is well tolerated in most patients. The adverse effects of carbamazepine include aplastic anemia, agranulocytosis, pancytopenia, bone marrow depression, thrombocytopenia, cardiac conduction abnormalities, congestive heart failure, and peripheral edema. Hypertension or hypotension has also rarely been documented in patients with either therapeutic or toxic blood levels of carbamazepine. It is possible that carbamazepine-induced hypertension in those with therapeutic blood levels is rarely seen because most of the patients who begin treatment are young and do not have baseline hypertension. The authors describe a patient of African-American descent with a history of controlled essential hypertension who developed severe uncontrolled hypertension when started on carbamazepine. Treatment with additional antihypertensive medications did not reduce his blood pressure. In addition, he developed two episodes of transient neurologic deficits, the symptoms of which consisted of dysarthria, vertigo, and unstable gait. A substantial reduction of his carbamazepine dose resulted in the control of his blood pressure and no recurrence of his symptoms. JF - Clinical neuropharmacology AU - Marini, Ann M AU - Choi, John Y AU - Labutta, Robert J AD - Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. amarini@usuhs.mil PY - 2003 SP - 174 EP - 176 VL - 26 IS - 4 SN - 0362-5664, 0362-5664 KW - Carbamazepine KW - 33CM23913M KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - Nervous System Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Nervous System Diseases -- diagnosis KW - Male KW - Nervous System Diseases -- complications KW - Neurotoxicity Syndromes -- diagnosis KW - Hypertension -- complications KW - Hypertension -- chemically induced KW - Carbamazepine -- adverse effects KW - Neurotoxicity Syndromes -- complications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73536807?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+neuropharmacology&rft.atitle=Transient+neurologic+deficits+associated+with+carbamazepine-induced+hypertension.&rft.au=Marini%2C+Ann+M%3BChoi%2C+John+Y%3BLabutta%2C+Robert+J&rft.aulast=Marini&rft.aufirst=Ann&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=174&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+neuropharmacology&rft.issn=03625664&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-09-10 N1 - Date created - 2003-08-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Implementing the GPRA: Examining the Prospects for Performance Budgeting in the Federal Government AN - 60674537; 200406139 AB - The Government Performance & Results Act (GPRA) is the latest in a series of attempts to introduce performance-based management & budgeting techniques at the federal level in the US. In the past, these attempts largely failed due to administrative complexities, lack of investment in managerial, accounting, & information systems, & the absence of institutional incentives to promote gains in economic efficiency. Whereas we find the objectives of the GPRA laudable, we question whether this current incarnation of performance budgeting can succeed in transforming the traditional focus of federal budgeting from annual appropriations & obligations to multiyear outputs & outcomes. 2 Tables. Adapted from the source document. JF - Public Budgeting & Finance AU - McNab, Robert M AU - Melese, Francois AD - Naval Postgraduate School rmmcnab@nps.navy.mil Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - July 2003 SP - 73 EP - 95 VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0275-1100, 0275-1100 KW - Public Finance KW - United States of America KW - Budgets KW - Federal Government KW - Organizational Effectiveness KW - Policy Implementation KW - article KW - 9263: public policy/administration; public administration/bureaucracy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60674537?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Public+Budgeting+%26+Finance&rft.atitle=Implementing+the+GPRA%3A+Examining+the+Prospects+for+Performance+Budgeting+in+the+Federal+Government&rft.au=McNab%2C+Robert+M%3BMelese%2C+Francois&rft.aulast=McNab&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Public+Budgeting+%26+Finance&rft.issn=02751100&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Federal Government; Budgets; Policy Implementation; Public Finance; Organizational Effectiveness; United States of America ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Defense Supplements and the Budget Process AN - 60673168; 200406129 AB - Supplemental appropriations provide emergency adjustments to the current year, usually for national defense contingencies & natural disaster emergencies. Recently, they have adopted some of the complexities of the regular appropriation process. For example, both the president & Congress may suggest when a supplemental is a dire emergency & thus beyond spending discipline & when it must be offset. Some supplementals have paid for non-emergency activities, others have resulted in funding decreases, & still others have resulted in spending in future years. Compared to the normal appropriation process, supplementals are usually passed expeditiously. Defense supplementals are generally precisely priced, whereas disaster supplementals tend to be lump sum estimates. 4 Tables. Adapted from the source document. JF - Public Budgeting & Finance AU - McCaffery, Jerry AU - Godek, Paul AD - Graduate School Business & Public Policy, Naval Postgraduate School jmccaffery@nps.navy.mil Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - July 2003 SP - 53 EP - 72 VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0275-1100, 0275-1100 KW - Disaster Relief KW - Defense Spending KW - Public Finance KW - United States of America KW - Appropriation KW - Federal Government KW - Budgets KW - Government Spending KW - article KW - 9263: public policy/administration; public administration/bureaucracy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60673168?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Public+Budgeting+%26+Finance&rft.atitle=Defense+Supplements+and+the+Budget+Process&rft.au=McCaffery%2C+Jerry%3BGodek%2C+Paul&rft.aulast=McCaffery&rft.aufirst=Jerry&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Public+Budgeting+%26+Finance&rft.issn=02751100&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Defense Spending; Appropriation; Disaster Relief; Government Spending; Budgets; Public Finance; Federal Government; United States of America ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Occupational Hazards: Myths of 1945 and U.S. Iraq Policy AN - 60140890; 200401612 AB - Explores what is entailed in the George W. Bush administration's peacekeeping & reconstruction efforts in Iraq in the aftermath of the 2003 war that ousted Saddam Hussein from power. Comparisons are drawn to the US occupations of Japan & Germany in the wake of WWII, arguing that this effort did not run nearly as smoothly as has been depicted & very nearly failed. It is argued that the democratic transformations of Japan & Germany occurred less as a result of the Allied occupation than a combination of other favorable political, economic, & social factors. Dilemmas inherent in nation building are outlined, & four specific problems that the US will have to surmount in Iraq are identified: (1) transition from military occupation to a new Iraqi army & police force, (2) establishing collaboration & effecting retribution, (3) reconciling tensions between the psychologies of defeat & liberation, & (4) balancing the needs for stability & change. K. Hyatt Stewart JF - The National Interest AU - Porch, Douglas AD - Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - July 2003 SP - 35 EP - 47 IS - 72 SN - 0884-9382, 0884-9382 KW - Reconstruction KW - War KW - United States of America KW - Post World War II Period KW - Iraq KW - Military Intervention KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60140890?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+National+Interest&rft.atitle=Occupational+Hazards%3A+Myths+of+1945+and+U.S.+Iraq+Policy&rft.au=Porch%2C+Douglas&rft.aulast=Porch&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=72&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+National+Interest&rft.issn=08849382&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-10-30 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Iraq; War; United States of America; Reconstruction; Military Intervention; Post World War II Period ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting Rare Plant Occurrence in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA AN - 18887679; 5742762 AB - We investigated the applicability of biometric habitat modeling to rare plant inventory and conservation by developing and field testing a geographically explicit model for Cardamine clematitis Shuttleworth ex A. Gray (mountain bittercress), an endemic plant of the southern Blue Ridge Mountains, USA. For each of 187 confirmed coordinates for C. clematitis in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, 13 habitat variables were measured with a geographic information system. These data were used to calculate Mahalanobis distances for each 30-m x 30-m pixel within the study area; small values of Mahalanobis distance represented site conditions similar to those of known locations of C. clematitis, whereas larger distance values represented dissimilar conditions. Following model development, we tested model performance by sampling 120 randomly distributed plots for C. clematitis presence. Logistic regression showed that Mahalanobis distance values were strongly related to C. clematitis occurrence (P = 0.039). Overall, 75% of all known occurrences of C. clematitis had associated Mahalanobis distance values below 17.7, and 95% of all occurrences were below 33.8; the median Mahalanobis distance value for the study area as a whole was 40.0. A habitat suitability cutoff value was defined which identified roughly 23,640 ha (19.5% of the study area) as suitable habitat. Although the model successfully predicted species absence in test plots with high Mahalanobis distance values, many sites with low values did not contain C. clematitis. Only 16.2% of test plots below the habitat suitability cutoff contained C. clematitis. The absence of C. clematitis from sites with low Mahalanobis distance values (low specificity) is not necessarily indicative of a poor model; metapopulation processes (e.g., recolonizations, local extinctions) have been shown to play a major role in presence or absence of many plant species. That may be partially the case with our model as evidenced by a relationship between C. clematitis presence and habitat patch size. JF - Natural Areas Journal AU - Boetsch, J R AU - Van Manen, FK AU - Clark, J D AD - Olympic National Park, 600 E. Park Avenue, Port Angeles, Washington 98362-6757 USA, John_Boetsch@nps.gov Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - Jul 2003 SP - 229 EP - 237 VL - 23 IS - 3 SN - 0885-8608, 0885-8608 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications KW - D 04705:Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18887679?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Natural+Areas+Journal&rft.atitle=Predicting+Rare+Plant+Occurrence+in+Great+Smoky+Mountains+National+Park%2C+USA&rft.au=Boetsch%2C+J+R%3BVan+Manen%2C+FK%3BClark%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Boetsch&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=229&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Natural+Areas+Journal&rft.issn=08858608&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spousal Aggression by U.S. Army Female Soldiers Toward Employed and Unemployed Civilian Husbands AN - 18825224; 5735571 AB - Aggression by a random sample of female soldiers (N = 1,185) toward their employed (n = 840) and unemployed (n = 345) civilian husbands was measured by the Conflict Tactics Scale. When age, race, rank, years married, and the number of previous marriages were held constant, severe aggression toward unemployed male spouses was significantly greater than toward employed spouses. JF - American Journal of Orthopsychiatry AU - Newby, J H AU - Ursano, R J AU - McCarroll, JE AU - Martin, L T AU - Norwood, A E AU - Fullerton, C S AD - Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - Jul 2003 SP - 288 EP - 293 VL - 73 IS - 3 SN - 0002-9432, 0002-9432 KW - aggressive behavior KW - spousal abuse KW - Risk Abstracts KW - R2 23080:Industrial and labor UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18825224?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Orthopsychiatry&rft.atitle=Spousal+Aggression+by+U.S.+Army+Female+Soldiers+Toward+Employed+and+Unemployed+Civilian+Husbands&rft.au=Newby%2C+J+H%3BUrsano%2C+R+J%3BMcCarroll%2C+JE%3BMartin%2C+L+T%3BNorwood%2C+A+E%3BFullerton%2C+C+S&rft.aulast=Newby&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=288&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Orthopsychiatry&rft.issn=00029432&rft_id=info:doi/10.1037%2F0002-9432.73.3.288 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0002-9432.73.3.288 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli-Associated Kidney Failure in a 40- Year-Old Patient and Late Diagnosis by Novel Bacteriologic and Toxin Detection Methods AN - 18807722; 5684610 AB - Infection with Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is the most common cause of kidney failure in children. High morbidity is also associated with infections in the elderly. We describe STEC-associated kidney failure in a 40-year-old patient, including the methods used to identify STEC a month after disease onset. JF - Journal of Clinical Microbiology AU - Teele, L D AU - Steinberg, B R AU - Aronson, N E AU - O'Brien, AD AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814, lteel@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - Jul 2003 SP - 3438 EP - 3440 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 41 IS - 7 SN - 0095-1137, 0095-1137 KW - Shiga toxin KW - case reports KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02823:In vitro and in vivo effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18807722?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Shiga+Toxin-Producing+Escherichia+coli-Associated+Kidney+Failure+in+a+40-+Year-Old+Patient+and+Late+Diagnosis+by+Novel+Bacteriologic+and+Toxin+Detection+Methods&rft.au=Teele%2C+L+D%3BSteinberg%2C+B+R%3BAronson%2C+N+E%3BO%27Brien%2C+AD&rft.aulast=Teele&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=3438&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.issn=00951137&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FJCM.41.7.3438-3440.2003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.41.7.3438-3440.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental studies of applications of time-reversal acoustics to noncoherent underwater communications. AN - 85373139; pmid-12822783 AB - The most difficult problem in shallow underwater acoustic communications is considered to be the time-varying multipath propagation because it impacts negatively on data rates. At high data rates the intersymbol interference requires adaptive algorithms on the receiver side that lead to computationally intensive and complex signal processing. A novel technique called time-reversal acoustics (TRA) can environmentally adapt the acoustic propagation effects of a complex medium in order to focus energy at a particular target range and depth. Using TRA, the multipath structure is reduced because all the propagation paths add coherently at the intended target location. This property of time-reversal acoustics suggests a potential application in the field of noncoherent acoustic communications. This work presents results of a tank scale experiment using an algorithm for rapid transmission of binary data in a complex underwater environment with the TRA approach. A simple 15-symbol code provides an example of the simplicity and feasibility of the approach. Covert coding due to the inherent scrambling induced by the environment at points other than the intended receiver is also investigated. The experiments described suggest a high potential in data rate for the time-reversal approach in underwater acoustic communications while keeping the computational complexity low. JF - The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America AU - Heinemann, M AU - Larraza, A AU - Smith, K B AD - Department of Physics, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California 93943, USA. Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - Jun 2003 SP - 3111 EP - 3116 VL - 113 IS - 6 SN - 0001-4966, 0001-4966 KW - National Library of Medicine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85373139?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Experimental+studies+of+applications+of+time-reversal+acoustics+to+noncoherent+underwater+communications.&rft.au=Heinemann%2C+M%3BLarraza%2C+A%3BSmith%2C+K+B&rft.aulast=Heinemann&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=3111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00014966&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English (eng) DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2011-12-15 N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Examination of time-reversal acoustics in shallow water and applications to noncoherent underwater communications. AN - 85372974; pmid-12822782 AB - The shallow water acoustic communication channel is characterized by strong signal degradation caused by multipath propagation and high spatial and temporal variability of the channel conditions. At the receiver, multipath propagation causes intersymbol interference and is considered the most important of the channel distortions. This paper examines the application of time-reversal acoustic (TRA) arrays, i.e., phase-conjugated arrays (PCAs), that generate a spatio-temporal focus of acoustic energy at the receiver location, eliminating distortions introduced by channel propagation. This technique is self-adaptive and automatically compensates for environmental effects and array imperfections without the need to explicitly characterize the environment. An attempt is made to characterize the influences of a PCA design on its focusing properties with particular attention given to applications in noncoherent underwater acoustic communication systems. Due to the PCA spatial diversity focusing properties, PC arrays may have an important role in an acoustic local area network. Each array is able to simultaneously transmit different messages that will focus only at the destination receiver node. JF - The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America AU - Smith, Kevin B AU - Abrantes, Antonio A M AU - Larraza, Andres AD - Department of Physics, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California 93943, USA. kbsmith@nps.navy.mil Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - Jun 2003 SP - 3095 EP - 3110 VL - 113 IS - 6 SN - 0001-4966, 0001-4966 KW - National Library of Medicine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85372974?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Examination+of+time-reversal+acoustics+in+shallow+water+and+applications+to+noncoherent+underwater+communications.&rft.au=Smith%2C+Kevin+B%3BAbrantes%2C+Antonio+A+M%3BLarraza%2C+Andres&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=3095&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00014966&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English (eng) DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2011-12-15 N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Early onset of virus infection and up-regulation of cytokines in mice treated with cadmium and manganese AN - 759313647; 13660857 AB - A substantial database indicates that a large number of environmental pollutants, chemicals and therapeutic agents to which organisms are exposed cause immunotoxicity. The suppression of immune functions may cause increased susceptibility of the host to a variety of microbial pathogens potentially resulting in a life-threatening state. Evaluation of the immunotoxic potential of chemical xenobiotics is of great concern and, therefore, we have investigated the impact of exposure of inorganic metals, specifically cadmium (Cd) and manganese (Mn) on Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), Semliki Forest virus (SFV), and Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis virus (VEEV) infection. Pretreatment with a single, oral dose of Cd or Mn increased the susceptibility of mice to a sub-lethal infection of these viruses as observed by increased severity of symptoms and mortality compared to untreated controls. An early onset of virus infection was found in brains of Cd and Mn treated animals. Histopathological observations of the brain indicate evidence of inflammation and greater tissue pathology in Cd-or Mn-exposed mice compared to control animals. Meningitis and vascular congestion was seen in virus infected mice in all the metal treated groups, and further, the perivascular inflammation appeared earlier in treated mice compared to control. Encephalitis was maximum in Cd pretreated mice. Widespread environmental contamination of metals and the potential for their exposure and subsequent infection of humans or animals is indicative that further studies of these and all other metals are important to understand the effect of environmental pollution on human health. JF - BioMetals AU - Seth, Pankaj AU - Husain, Mirza M AU - Gupta, Pratibha AU - Schoneboom, Bruce A AU - Grieder, Franziska B AU - Mani, Haresh AU - Maheshwari, Radha K AD - Center for Combat Casualty Care and Life Sustainment Research, Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), Bethesda, MD, -20814, USA Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - Jun 2003 SP - 359 EP - 368 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 0966-0844, 0966-0844 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Toxicology Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Encephalomyocarditis virus KW - Mortality KW - Contamination KW - Heavy metals KW - Brain KW - Xenobiotics KW - Venezuelan equine encephalitis KW - Pathogens KW - Infection KW - Meningitis KW - Inflammation KW - Databases KW - Immunotoxicity KW - Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus KW - Pollutants KW - Cytokines KW - Cadmium KW - Immune response KW - Semliki Forest virus KW - Manganese KW - Pollution KW - X 24360:Metals KW - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites KW - A 01350:Microbial Resistance KW - V 22400:Human Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/759313647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioMetals&rft.atitle=Early+onset+of+virus+infection+and+up-regulation+of+cytokines+in+mice+treated+with+cadmium+and+manganese&rft.au=Seth%2C+Pankaj%3BHusain%2C+Mirza+M%3BGupta%2C+Pratibha%3BSchoneboom%2C+Bruce+A%3BGrieder%2C+Franziska+B%3BMani%2C+Haresh%3BMaheshwari%2C+Radha+K&rft.aulast=Seth&rft.aufirst=Pankaj&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=359&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioMetals&rft.issn=09660844&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1020682716212 LA - Dutch DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Contamination; Heavy metals; Brain; Pathogens; Venezuelan equine encephalitis; Xenobiotics; Infection; Inflammation; Meningitis; Databases; Immunotoxicity; Pollutants; Cytokines; Cadmium; Immune response; Manganese; Pollution; Encephalomyocarditis virus; Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus; Semliki Forest virus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020682716212 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Botulinum toxin a improved burning pain and allodynia in two patients with spinal cord pathology. AN - 73436610; 12873271 AB - To report the effect of botulinum toxin A in two patients with burning pain and allodynia of spinal cord origin. Two patients with spinal cord lesions at the cervical level (tumor and stroke) experienced exquisite skin sensitivity and spontaneous burning pain in dermatomes corresponding to the cord lesions. Botulinum toxin A (Botox) was injected subcutaneously at multiple points (16 to 20 sites, 5 units/site) in the area of burning pain and allodynia. Both patients reported significant improvement in spontaneous burning pain and allodynia in visual analogue scale and clinical measures. The analgesic effect of botulinum toxin A lasted at least 3 months and was sustained over follow-up periods of 2 and 3 years with repeated administration at 4-month intervals. Subcutaneous application of botulinum toxin A relieved central burning pain and allodynia in two patients with spinal cord pathology. JF - Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) AU - Jabbari, Bahman AU - Maher, Neil AU - Difazio, Marc P AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA. bjabbari@mxa.usuh.mil Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 206 EP - 210 VL - 4 IS - 2 SN - 1526-2375, 1526-2375 KW - Neuromuscular Agents KW - 0 KW - Botulinum Toxins, Type A KW - EC 3.4.24.69 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Treatment Outcome KW - Injections, Subcutaneous KW - Middle Aged KW - Female KW - Botulinum Toxins, Type A -- administration & dosage KW - Pain -- etiology KW - Pain -- drug therapy KW - Botulinum Toxins, Type A -- therapeutic use KW - Spinal Cord Diseases -- complications KW - Neuromuscular Agents -- administration & dosage KW - Neuromuscular Agents -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73436610?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pain+medicine+%28Malden%2C+Mass.%29&rft.atitle=Botulinum+toxin+a+improved+burning+pain+and+allodynia+in+two+patients+with+spinal+cord+pathology.&rft.au=Jabbari%2C+Bahman%3BMaher%2C+Neil%3BDifazio%2C+Marc+P&rft.aulast=Jabbari&rft.aufirst=Bahman&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=206&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pain+medicine+%28Malden%2C+Mass.%29&rft.issn=15262375&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-02 N1 - Date created - 2003-07-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of nicotine on heart dimensions and blood volume in male and female rats. AN - 73360709; 12791529 AB - The adverse effects of tobacco smoking on the cardiovascular system are well established. Effects of nicotine on the heart, in contrast, are not well characterized. Understanding specific effects of nicotine on the heart and on blood volume is relevant to (a) elucidating the mechanisms by which nicotine may contribute to heart disease and (b) determining potential risks associated with nicotine products used in smoking cessation or to treat various medical conditions. The present experiment investigated effects of continuous nicotine administration for 14 days (0, 6, or 12 mg/kg/day) on heart histopathology and blood volume (a measure of hemoconcentration) in 59 male and 59 female rats of two strains (Sprague-Dawley and Long-Evans). Following nicotine administration, animals were sacrificed and blood volume was measured. Heart length; heart weight; left ventricle, right ventricle, lateral wall, anterior wall, and posterior wall thicknesses; and intraventricular width (i.e., septum) were measured. Nicotine reduced heart weight, heart length, and overall blood volume. Females were more sensitive than males to the effects of nicotine on heart weight. In contrast, males were more sensitive than females to the effects of nicotine on heart length. Together, these findings suggest that males and females differ in their sensitivity to nicotine's cardiac effects. JF - Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco AU - Elliott, Brenda M AU - Faraday, Martha M AU - Grunberg, Neil E AD - Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. belliott@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 341 EP - 348 VL - 5 IS - 3 SN - 1462-2203, 1462-2203 KW - Ganglionic Stimulants KW - 0 KW - Nicotine KW - 6M3C89ZY6R KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Rats, Long-Evans KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Male KW - Female KW - Ganglionic Stimulants -- adverse effects KW - Heart -- anatomy & histology KW - Nicotine -- adverse effects KW - Smoking -- adverse effects KW - Heart -- drug effects KW - Blood Volume -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73360709?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nicotine+%26+tobacco+research+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+for+Research+on+Nicotine+and+Tobacco&rft.atitle=Effects+of+nicotine+on+heart+dimensions+and+blood+volume+in+male+and+female+rats.&rft.au=Elliott%2C+Brenda+M%3BFaraday%2C+Martha+M%3BGrunberg%2C+Neil+E&rft.aulast=Elliott&rft.aufirst=Brenda&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=341&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nicotine+%26+tobacco+research+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+for+Research+on+Nicotine+and+Tobacco&rft.issn=14622203&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-09-23 N1 - Date created - 2003-06-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors affecting the morphology of radial glia. AN - 73320343; 12764030 AB - A model of cortical dysplasia results from disruption of the earliest generated neocortical cells. Injections of an antimitotic (methylazoxy methanol - MAM) into pregnant ferrets result in a constellation of effects, which include disruption of radial glia, with early differentiation in astrocytes, and impaired migration of neurons into the cortical plate. We found previously that culture of P0 MAM-treated slices with explants of normal cortical plate reorganizes the radial glia toward their normal morphology and improves migration of neurons into the cortical plate. This suggested that P0 normal cortical plate contains a 'factor' capable of providing reorganizing cues to disorganized developing cortex. The current study characterizes the biological activity in normal cortical plate by isolating fractions of different molecular weight obtained from conditioned media of organotypic cultures. The only media fraction capable of providing reorganizing activity to MAM-treated cortex was the molecular weight fraction between 30 and 50 kDa. Treatment designed to denature proteins demonstrated that the active molecular weight fraction (30-50 kDa) was not able to provide reorganizing cues when either heated or treated with Proteinase K. These data provide support for the idea that normal cortical plate of neonatal ferret contains a radialization factor that is a protein of 30-50 kDa. JF - Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) AU - Gierdalski, Marcin AU - Juliano, Sharon L AD - Department of Anatomy, Physiology, & Genetics and Program in Neuroscience, USUHS, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 572 EP - 579 VL - 13 IS - 6 SN - 1047-3211, 1047-3211 KW - Biological Factors KW - 0 KW - Proteins KW - Methylazoxymethanol Acetate KW - 592-62-1 KW - methylazoxymethanol KW - JGG19N3YDQ KW - Index Medicus KW - Cell Movement KW - Biological Factors -- chemistry KW - Coculture Techniques KW - Animals, Newborn KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - Ferrets KW - Biological Factors -- metabolism KW - Neurons -- physiology KW - Organ Culture Techniques KW - Molecular Weight KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects KW - Neuroglia -- metabolism KW - Neuroglia -- cytology KW - Cerebral Cortex -- cytology KW - Cerebral Cortex -- drug effects KW - Proteins -- chemistry KW - Cerebral Cortex -- metabolism KW - Cerebral Cortex -- embryology KW - Methylazoxymethanol Acetate -- analogs & derivatives KW - Neuroglia -- drug effects KW - Methylazoxymethanol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Proteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73320343?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cerebral+cortex+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.+%3A+1991%29&rft.atitle=Factors+affecting+the+morphology+of+radial+glia.&rft.au=Gierdalski%2C+Marcin%3BJuliano%2C+Sharon+L&rft.aulast=Gierdalski&rft.aufirst=Marcin&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=572&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cerebral+cortex+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.+%3A+1991%29&rft.issn=10473211&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-07-01 N1 - Date created - 2003-05-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A novel neoplastic primary tumor-derived human prostate epithelial cell line. AN - 73271509; 12738999 AB - Research into molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying prostate carcinogenesis would be greatly advanced by in vitro models of prostate tumors representing primary tumors. The generation of immortalized primary prostate cancer cells that will accurately reflect the in situ characteristics of malignant epithelium is greatly needed. We have successfully established a neoplastic immortalized human prostate epithelial (HPE) cell culture derived from a primary tumor. The RC-9 cells transduced through infection with a retrovirus vector expressing the E6 and E7 genes (E6E7) of human papilloma virus-16 (HPV-16) are currently growing well at passage 40, whereas RC-9 cells senesced at passage 7. RC-9/E6E7 cells exhibit epithelial morphology and high level of telomerase activity. More importantly, these immortalized cells produced tumors (SCID5038D) when inoculated into SCID mice. RC-9/E6E7 cells and SCID-5038D cells exhibit a high level of telomerase activity and androgen-responsiveness when treated with R1881. Expression of prostate specific antigen (PSA), androgen receptor (AR), prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA), an androgen-regulated prostate specific gene (NKX3.1), p16, cytokeratins 8, 15 and HPV-16 E6 gene was detected in both of these cells. RC-9/E6E7 and SCID5038D cells also showed growth inhibition when exposed to retinoic acid and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1, potent inhibitors of prostate epithelial cell growth. A number of chromosome alterations were observed including the loss of chromosomes 2p, 3p, 8p, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 21 and the gain of 7 and 20 in the tumor cell line (SCID5038D). These results demonstrate that this primary tumor-derived HPE cell line retained its neoplastic phenotypes and its prostate-specific markers and should allow studies to elucidate molecular and genetic alterations involved in prostate cancer. This is the first documented case of a malignant AR and PSA positive established human prostate cancer cell line from a primary tumor of a prostate cancer patient. JF - International journal of oncology AU - Ko, Daejin AU - Gu, Yongpeng AU - Yasunaga, Yutaka AU - Nakamura, Keiichiro AU - Srivastava, Shiv AU - Moul, Judd W AU - Sesterhenn, Isabell A AU - McLeod, David G AU - Arnstein, Paul AU - Taylor, D O AU - Hukku, Bharati AU - Rhim, Johng S AD - Center for Prostate Disease Research, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA. Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 1311 EP - 1317 VL - 22 IS - 6 SN - 1019-6439, 1019-6439 KW - Tretinoin KW - 5688UTC01R KW - Telomerase KW - EC 2.7.7.49 KW - Index Medicus KW - Karyotyping KW - Tretinoin -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Prostatectomy KW - Humans KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Telomerase -- genetics KW - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Transplantation, Heterologous KW - Cell Culture Techniques -- methods KW - Middle Aged KW - Mice, SCID KW - Male KW - Prostatic Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Epithelial Cells -- cytology KW - Epithelial Cells -- pathology KW - Prostatic Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Prostate -- pathology KW - Prostate -- cytology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73271509?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+oncology&rft.atitle=A+novel+neoplastic+primary+tumor-derived+human+prostate+epithelial+cell+line.&rft.au=Ko%2C+Daejin%3BGu%2C+Yongpeng%3BYasunaga%2C+Yutaka%3BNakamura%2C+Keiichiro%3BSrivastava%2C+Shiv%3BMoul%2C+Judd+W%3BSesterhenn%2C+Isabell+A%3BMcLeod%2C+David+G%3BArnstein%2C+Paul%3BTaylor%2C+D+O%3BHukku%2C+Bharati%3BRhim%2C+Johng+S&rft.aulast=Ko&rft.aufirst=Daejin&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1311&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+oncology&rft.issn=10196439&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-08-11 N1 - Date created - 2003-05-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effectiveness of injury prevention strategies: what does the public believe? AN - 71648831; 19731497 AB - This article is based on a random digit dialed telephone survey in which adults were asked to name effective strategies for preventing deaths due to motor vehicle crashes, falls, drowning, fires/burns, and poisoning. A majority of the 943 respondents could name prevention techniques, although they were least likely to do so for fatal falls. Participants at highest risk for not naming a countermeasure were those with fewer years of education. The strategy cited most often for preventing deaths due to falls, poisoning, and drowning was safety education. These findings suggest that more advantaged members of the public feel they know how to prevent America's leading causes of injury death. They may not fully appreciate, however, the options of creating health-promoting environments and safer products. This work makes it very clear that people with less education also need to be exposed to the breadth of effective injury countermeasures. JF - Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education AU - Girasek, Deborah C AU - Gielen, Andrea C AD - Preventive Medicine & Biometrics, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA. Dgirasek@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 287 EP - 304 VL - 30 IS - 3 SN - 1090-1981, 1090-1981 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Young Adult KW - Humans KW - Safety KW - Adult KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Data Collection KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Female KW - Accident Prevention -- methods KW - Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice KW - Wounds and Injuries -- prevention & control KW - Public Opinion UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71648831?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+education+%26+behavior+%3A+the+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Public+Health+Education&rft.atitle=The+effectiveness+of+injury+prevention+strategies%3A+what+does+the+public+believe%3F&rft.au=Girasek%2C+Deborah+C%3BGielen%2C+Andrea+C&rft.aulast=Girasek&rft.aufirst=Deborah&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+education+%26+behavior+%3A+the+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Public+Health+Education&rft.issn=10901981&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2009-10-06 N1 - Date created - 2009-09-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring the coral disease, plague type II, on coral reefs in St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands. AN - 71599777; 15264553 AB - In July 1997, conspicuous white patches of necrotic tissue and bare skeleton began to appear on scleractinian corals in several bays around St. John, US Virgin Islands. Analysis of diseased coral tissue from five different species confirmed the presence of a Sphingomonas-like bacterium, the pathogen for plague type II. To date, 14 species of hard corals have been affected by plague type II around St. John. This disease was monitored at Haulover and Tektite Reefs at depths of 7-12 meters. The study site at Tektite Reef has > 50% cover by scleractinian corals with 90% of hard corals being composed of Montastraea annularis. Monthly surveys at Tektite Reef from December 1997 to May 2001 documented new incidence of disease (bare white patches of skeleton) every month with associated loss of living coral and 90.5% of all disease patches occurred on M. annularis. The frequency of disease within transects ranged from 3 to 58%, and the area of disease patches ranged from 0.25 to 9000 cm2. The average percent cover by the disease within 1 m2 ranged from 0.01% (+/- 0.04 SD) to 1.74% (+/- 9.08 SD). Photo-monitoring of 28 diseased corals of 9 species begun in September 1997 at Haulover Reef revealed no recovery of diseased portions with all necrotic tissue being overgrown rapidly by turf algae, usually within less than one month. Most coral colonies suffered partial mortality. Very limited recruitment (e.g., of Agaricia spp., Favia spp. and sponges) has been noted on the diseased areas. This coral disease has the potential to cause more loss of live coral on St. John reefs than any other stress to date because it targets the dominant reef building species, M. annularis. JF - Revista de biologia tropical AU - Miller, J AU - Rogers, C AU - Waara, R AD - National Park Service, Virgin Islands National Park, 1300 Cruz Bay Creek, St. John, VI 00830. William_J_Miller@nps.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 47 EP - 55 VL - 51 Suppl 4 SN - 0034-7744, 0034-7744 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Animals KW - United States Virgin Islands KW - Seasons KW - Sphingomonas KW - Anthozoa -- microbiology KW - Anthozoa -- classification KW - Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections -- veterinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71599777?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Revista+de+biologia+tropical&rft.atitle=Monitoring+the+coral+disease%2C+plague+type+II%2C+on+coral+reefs+in+St.+John%2C+U.S.+Virgin+Islands.&rft.au=Miller%2C+J%3BRogers%2C+C%3BWaara%2C+R&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=51+Suppl+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Revista+de+biologia+tropical&rft.issn=00347744&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-01-07 N1 - Date created - 2004-07-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dilemmas in military medical ethics since 9/11. AN - 71291498; 14570019 AB - The attack on the United States by terrorists on 9/11 and the war with Iraq have raised new ethical questions for the military and for military physicians (Herman 2002; Elshtain 2003). How and when attacks may occur now is less predictable. Planes have been hijacked, and persons dressed as civilians may carry bombs to blow themselves and others up. These dangers pose an increased threat, and, thus, there is a need for new defensive measures. How far these measures should go is, however, greatly open to debate. One of the most difficult ethical question raised for the military and military doctors by these developments is what interrogation methods are permissable when questioning captured terrorists. The licitness of different interrogation practices is, however, only one of the ethical problems potentially encountered by military physicians now having to treat terrorists and POWs. The following discussion presents the major concerns regarding this and other issues. JF - Kennedy Institute of Ethics journal AU - Howe, Edmund G AD - Programs in Ethics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA. Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 175 EP - 188 VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 1054-6863, 1054-6863 KW - Drugs, Investigational KW - 0 KW - Bioethics KW - War and Human Rights Abuses KW - Bioethics and Professional Ethics KW - United States KW - Patient Care -- ethics KW - Drugs, Investigational -- therapeutic use KW - Therapeutic Human Experimentation -- ethics KW - Humans KW - Torture KW - Biological Warfare -- prevention & control KW - Informed Consent KW - Chemical Warfare -- prevention & control KW - Internationality KW - Iraq KW - Suicide -- prevention & control KW - Warfare KW - Complicity KW - Military Personnel KW - Triage -- ethics KW - Military Medicine -- ethics KW - Ethics, Medical KW - Physician's Role KW - Terrorism -- prevention & control KW - Prisoners UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71291498?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kennedy+Institute+of+Ethics+journal&rft.atitle=Dilemmas+in+military+medical+ethics+since+9%2F11.&rft.au=Howe%2C+Edmund+G&rft.aulast=Howe&rft.aufirst=Edmund&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Kennedy+Institute+of+Ethics+journal&rft.issn=10546863&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-30 N1 - Date created - 2003-10-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The drag coefficient, bottom roughness, and wave-breaking in the nearshore AN - 51861519; 2004-031259 AB - The bottom drag coefficient in the nearshore has been suggested to depend on bottom roughness (bedforms) or alternatively on wave breaking. The hypothesis that bottom drag coefficient depends on bottom roughness is tested with 2 months of field observations collected on a sandy ocean beach during the Duck94 field experiment. Both the drag coefficient (estimated from alongshore momentum balances) and bottom roughness (estimated from fixed altimeters) are larger within the surfzone than in the region farther seaward. Although the drag coefficient increases with roughness seaward of the surfzone, no relationship was found between the drag coefficient and roughness-related quantities within the surfzone. These results suggest that breaking-wave generated turbulence increases the surfzone drag coefficient. JF - Coastal Engineering AU - Feddersen, Falk AU - Gallagher, E L AU - Guza, R T AU - Elgar, Steve Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 189 EP - 195 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 48 IS - 3 SN - 0378-3839, 0378-3839 KW - United States KW - breaking waves KW - stress KW - roughness KW - Duck North Carolina KW - Dare County North Carolina KW - turbulence KW - nearshore environment KW - drag coefficient KW - bedforms KW - spatial variations KW - bottom features KW - ocean waves KW - North Carolina KW - coastal environment KW - ocean floors KW - field studies KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51861519?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Coastal+Engineering&rft.atitle=The+drag+coefficient%2C+bottom+roughness%2C+and+wave-breaking+in+the+nearshore&rft.au=Feddersen%2C+Falk%3BGallagher%2C+E+L%3BGuza%2C+R+T%3BElgar%2C+Steve&rft.aulast=Feddersen&rft.aufirst=Falk&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Coastal+Engineering&rft.issn=03783839&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0378-3839%2803%2900026-7 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03783839 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedforms; bottom features; breaking waves; coastal environment; Dare County North Carolina; drag coefficient; Duck North Carolina; field studies; nearshore environment; North Carolina; ocean floors; ocean waves; roughness; spatial variations; stress; turbulence; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-3839(03)00026-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrostatic correction for sigma coordinate ocean models AN - 51800304; 2004-073663 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Chu, Peter C AU - Fan, Chenwu Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 12 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 108 IS - C6 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - seamounts KW - pressure KW - numerical models KW - mathematical methods KW - volume KW - statistical analysis KW - prediction KW - coastal environment KW - corrections KW - ocean floors KW - accuracy KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51800304?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Hydrostatic+correction+for+sigma+coordinate+ocean+models&rft.au=Chu%2C+Peter+C%3BFan%2C+Chenwu&rft.aulast=Chu&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=C6&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002JC001668 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sect., 2 tables, block diag. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; coastal environment; corrections; mathematical methods; numerical models; ocean floors; prediction; pressure; seamounts; statistical analysis; volume DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002JC001668 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sea-surface aerodynamic roughness AN - 51798405; 2004-073665 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Mahrt, L AU - Vickers, Dean AU - Frederickson, Paul AU - Davidson, Ken AU - Smedman, Ann-Sofi Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 9 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 108 IS - C6 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - sea water KW - numerical models KW - stress KW - roughness KW - Monin-Obukhov similarity KW - data processing KW - Charnock formulation KW - altimetry KW - air-sea interface KW - ocean waves KW - mathematical methods KW - winds KW - boundary layer KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51798405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Sea-surface+aerodynamic+roughness&rft.au=Mahrt%2C+L%3BVickers%2C+Dean%3BFrederickson%2C+Paul%3BDavidson%2C+Ken%3BSmedman%2C+Ann-Sofi&rft.aulast=Mahrt&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=C6&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002JC001383 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air-sea interface; altimetry; boundary layer; Charnock formulation; data processing; mathematical methods; Monin-Obukhov similarity; numerical models; ocean waves; roughness; sea water; stress; winds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002JC001383 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Catching air? Climate change policy in Russia, Ukraine and Kazakhstan AN - 19888159; 5693401 AB - Russia, Ukraine and Kazakhstan have each participated actively in the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNF Sr) Conferences of the Parties, and each is developing domestic rules and institutions to address UN obligations under the treaties. Russia and Ukraine are each Annex I/Annex B countries. Kazakhstan will become Annex I upon ratification of the Kyoto Protocol, but has not yet established itself as Annex B. Each state has evolved a distinct set of policies and priorities in the domestic and the international arena. Drawing largely on interviews in each country, this article presents brief histories of the evolution of climate policy, focusing on each state's behavior in the international arena, the sources of domestic policy leadership, and the forces that led to change in each national approach. Current policies and practices are evaluated with an eye towards learning from the successes and failures in each state. JF - Climate Policy AU - Sabonis-Helf, T AD - National War College, 300 D Street, Fort McNair, Washington, DC 20319-5078, USA, sabonishelft@ndu.edu Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - Jun 2003 SP - 159 EP - 170 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 1469-3062, 1469-3062 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Human Population; Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Climate change policy KW - Russia, Ukraine and Kazakhstan KW - UNF Sr KW - Conferences KW - Ukraine KW - Climatic changes KW - Environmental policy KW - environmental policy KW - International agreements KW - Kyoto Protocol KW - Environmental protection KW - Climatic change prevention KW - Kazakhstan KW - Russia KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M1 330:Environmental Law, Regulations & Policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19888159?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climate+Policy&rft.atitle=Catching+air%3F+Climate+change+policy+in+Russia%2C+Ukraine+and+Kazakhstan&rft.au=Sabonis-Helf%2C+T&rft.aulast=Sabonis-Helf&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climate+Policy&rft.issn=14693062&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1469-3062%2803%2900032-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Conferences; Climatic changes; Environmental policy; Environmental protection; Climatic change prevention; Kyoto Protocol; International agreements; environmental policy; Ukraine; Kazakhstan; Russia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1469-3062(03)00032-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of increased phosphorus loading on dissolved oxygen in a subtropical wetland, the Florida Everglades AN - 19398523; 5734775 AB - The Florida Everglades is an oligotrophic, phosphorus (P)-limited wetland that is experiencing eutrophication as a result of P-enriched agricultural runoff. Effects of P enrichment on diel water-column dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) profiles were measured along nutrient gradients downstream of agricultural discharges in two northern Everglades marshes and in field enclosures (mesocosms) exposed to different P loading rates. Reference (i.e., water-column TP < 10 mu g/L) areas in the marsh interior were characterized by strong diel fluctuations in DO, and aerobic conditions generally were maintained throughout the diel cycle. Enriched stations (water-column TP elevated to between 12 and 131 mu g/L) were characterized by dampened diel fluctuations and reduced DO, and the extent of these changes was correlated strongly with marsh P concentrations. Mean DO declined from between 1.81 and 7.52 mg/L at reference stations to between 0.04 and 3.18 mg/L in highly enriched areas. Similarly, minimum DO declined from between 0.33 and 5.86 mg/L to between 0 and 0.84 mg/L with increasing enrichment, and the frequency of extremely low DO (< 1 mg/L) increased from between 0 and 20% to as high as 100% in the most enriched areas. Diel oxygen profiles in P-enriched mesocosms declined progressively with time; all loading treatments exhibited similar DO during the 1st year of P loading, but concentrations declined significantly at higher loads by year 3. Reductions in water-column DO with increased P enrichment were associated with reduced oxygen production by submersed periphyton and macrophytes and increased sediment oxygen demand. Increased emergent macrophyte cover in enriched areas likely contributed to these changes by shading the water-column, which inhibited submerged productivity, and by providing inputs of nutrient-rich detritus, which increased oxygen demand. Declines in marsh DO are associated with other ecological changes such as increased anaerobic metabolism and an increase in invertebrate taxa that tolerate low DO. While background oxygen concentrations in wetlands can be lower than those in lakes and rivers, declines in water-column DO caused by eutrophication can result in biological impacts similar to those in other aquatic ecosystems. JF - Wetlands Ecology and Management AU - McCormick, P V AU - Laing, JA AD - Everglades Program Team, Everglades National Park, Homestead, FL, USA, paul_mccormick@nps.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 199 EP - 215 VL - 11 IS - 3 SN - 0923-4861, 0923-4861 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Phosphorus KW - Nutrients KW - Freshwater KW - Primary production KW - Dissolved oxygen KW - Lakes KW - Biota KW - Wetlands KW - Enrichment KW - Agricultural runoff KW - Rivers KW - Aquatic plants KW - Aquatic ecosystems KW - Mesocosms KW - Macrophytes KW - Oxygen KW - Profiles KW - Nutrients (mineral) KW - Periphyton KW - Runoff KW - Metabolism KW - Aerobic conditions KW - Eutrophication KW - USA, Florida, Everglades Natl. Park KW - Nutrient loading KW - Pollution effects KW - Shading KW - Detritus KW - USA, Florida, Everglades KW - Dissolved Oxygen KW - Marshes KW - Sediments KW - Short-term changes KW - Fluctuations KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - K 03320:Cell Biology KW - D 04712:Environmental degradation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19398523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wetlands+Ecology+and+Management&rft.atitle=Effects+of+increased+phosphorus+loading+on+dissolved+oxygen+in+a+subtropical+wetland%2C+the+Florida+Everglades&rft.au=McCormick%2C+P+V%3BLaing%2C+JA&rft.aulast=McCormick&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wetlands+Ecology+and+Management&rft.issn=09234861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biota; Short-term changes; Eutrophication; Aquatic plants; Phosphorus; Pollution effects; Wetlands; Periphyton; Nutrients (mineral); Agricultural runoff; Primary production; Dissolved oxygen; Rivers; Aerobic conditions; Nutrients; Marshes; Aquatic ecosystems; Sediments; Mesocosms; Oxygen; Macrophytes; Lakes; Shading; Detritus; Metabolism; Runoff; Nutrient loading; Profiles; Dissolved Oxygen; Enrichment; Fluctuations; USA, Florida, Everglades; USA, Florida, Everglades Natl. Park; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stream Fish Communities and Environmental Correlates in the Red River of the North, Minnesota and North Dakota AN - 19244059; 5802866 AB - In the Red River of the North (Red River) drainage in Minnesota and North Dakota, there are strong east-west hydrological and chemical environmental gradients. Historical fish surveys indicated the presence of species with both widespread and restricted distributions, leading to unique fish communities in several streams. To determine the important physiochemical correlates of stream fish community structure, we partitioned 25 streams into 46 large reaches by ecoregion classification. The reaches were then characterized from sampling during 1962-1994 by the frequency of occurrence of 76 fish species and 12 landscape-level hydrologic and chemical factors. In canonical correspondence analysis, the first two axes explained 56% of the species-environment relationship, and indicated that coefficient of variation of mean monthly discharge, minimum discharge in May, and residue were the most important factors correlated with fish community composition. Important covariates of residue were specific conductance, dissolved sulfate, and total hardness of waters. Certain catostomids, Hypentelium nigricans and Moxostoma valenciennesi, cyprinids, Notropis anogenus and N. texanus, ictalurids, Ameiurus natalis, and percids, Etheostoma caeruleum and E. microperca, all correlated highly with habitats characterized by low-flow variability, high discharges, and low residue, conductivity, and hardness. Reaches with these characteristics included the Otter Tail River in the Red River Valley, North Central Hardwoods (NCH), and the Northern Minnesota Wetlands (NMW) ecoregions; the Pelican River in the NCH ecoregion; and the Red Lake River in the NMW ecoregion. The results of this analysis support the hypothesis that regional environmental conditions are important in structuring fish communities in northern streams. As conditions are altered in the future by anthropogenic factors at the landscape scale, our exploratory multivariate model can be used to predict fish community response and support conservation efforts aimed at preserving or restoring unique and/or rare small fishes in the Red River and other, similar stream systems. JF - Environmental Biology of Fishes AU - Koel, T M AU - Peterka, J J AD - National Park Service, Center for Resources, P.O. Box 168, Yellowstone National Park, WY 82190, USA, todd_koel@nps.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - Jun 2003 SP - 137 EP - 155 VL - 67 IS - 2 SN - 0378-1909, 0378-1909 KW - Northern hog sucker KW - Greater redhorse KW - Pugnose shiner KW - Weed shiner KW - Yellow bullhead KW - Rainbow darter KW - Least darter KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Rivers KW - Etheostoma caeruleum KW - Ameiurus natalis KW - Notropis anogenus KW - Etheostoma microperca KW - Moxostoma valenciennesi KW - Hypentelium nigricans KW - Streams KW - USA, Minnesota KW - Community structure KW - USA, North Dakota KW - Notropis texanus KW - D 04668:Fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19244059?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Biology+of+Fishes&rft.atitle=Stream+Fish+Communities+and+Environmental+Correlates+in+the+Red+River+of+the+North%2C+Minnesota+and+North+Dakota&rft.au=Koel%2C+T+M%3BPeterka%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Koel&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Biology+of+Fishes&rft.issn=03781909&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1025699512619 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hypentelium nigricans; Moxostoma valenciennesi; Notropis anogenus; Notropis texanus; Ameiurus natalis; Etheostoma caeruleum; Etheostoma microperca; USA, Minnesota; USA, North Dakota; Streams; Rivers; Community structure DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1025699512619 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Association of hydrogen peroxide with restriction of Septoria tritici in resistant wheat AN - 19208085; 5783961 AB - Infection of wheat by Septoria tritici was studied in a compatible (cultivar Sevin'-isolate IPO323) and an incompatible (cultivar Stakado'-isolate IPO323) interaction. A second incompatible interaction (cultivar Flame'-isolate IPO323) was included as a control of the most important observations made for Stakado. Quantitative studies of the initial stages of infection confirmed that penetration occurs through stomata. However, direct penetration attempts were also observed, indicated by papilla-formation. Pre-penetration growth and penetration frequency was not different between the interactions. Hyphal growth in Stakado was inhibited after penetration and no pycnidia formed whereas in Sevin, hyphal growth progressed and pycnidia formed 15 days after inoculation. Significantly higher amounts of H2O2 accumulated in Stakado than in Sevin until 11 days after inoculation. Timing and localization of H2O2 in Stakado correlated with arrest of pathogen growth, thus indicating a role for this molecule in resistance. H2O2 accumulation is known to arrest biotrophic pathogens and therefore also likely the hemibiotrophic pathogen S. tritici. More H2O2 accumulated in Sevin than Stakado 13 and 15 days after inoculation, coinciding with pycnidium formation and host cell collapse. This late accumulation in the compatible interaction is thought to be a stress-related response. After inoculation with S. tritici, total peroxidase activity and gene transcript of an apoplastic peroxidase increased in Stakado. The peroxidase activity pattern and transcript accumulation profile suggest a role for peroxidase in resistance, probably in cell wall cross-linking. Accumulation patterns of the gene transcript of a catalase and the total catalase enzyme activity suggest roles for catalase synthesis and inactivation in regulating H2O2 accumulation. JF - Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology AU - Shetty, N P AU - Kristensen, B K AU - Newman, M-A AU - Moller, K AU - Gregersen, P L AU - Jorgensen, HJL AD - Department of Plant Biology, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark, nps@kvl.dk Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - Jun 2003 SP - 333 EP - 346 PB - Elsevier Ltd VL - 62 IS - 6 SN - 0885-5765, 0885-5765 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Pycnidia KW - Stomata KW - Hydrogen peroxide KW - Hyphae KW - Septoria tritici KW - Disease resistance KW - Catalase KW - A 01031:Antifungal & fungicidal agents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19208085?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physiological+and+Molecular+Plant+Pathology&rft.atitle=Association+of+hydrogen+peroxide+with+restriction+of+Septoria+tritici+in+resistant+wheat&rft.au=Shetty%2C+N+P%3BKristensen%2C+B+K%3BNewman%2C+M-A%3BMoller%2C+K%3BGregersen%2C+P+L%3BJorgensen%2C+HJL&rft.aulast=Shetty&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=333&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physiological+and+Molecular+Plant+Pathology&rft.issn=08855765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0885-5765%2803%2900079-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Septoria tritici; Hydrogen peroxide; Disease resistance; Stomata; Hyphae; Pycnidia; Catalase DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0885-5765(03)00079-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of lead exposure on the immune response of some occupationally exposed individuals AN - 18768094; 5631733 AB - Lead is a ubiquitous pollutant in the industrial environment, which poses serious threats to human health. In the past 20 years increasing attention has been paid to the effects of lead exposure on health. This toxic metal alters the immune response of animals as well as humans. To study the immunological effects of occupational exposure to lead, we examined lymphocyte proliferation, natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity and interferon- gamma production with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of individuals occupationally exposed to lead. We selected three different groups of individuals exposed to lead: three-wheeler drivers (30), battery workers (34) and silver jewelery makers (20); and unexposed healthy volunteers (30) as control for comparison. Our results indicate that though lymphocyte proliferation to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) is inhibited in lead exposed individuals as compared with unexposed volunteers, there is no correlation between inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation and blood lead level. NK cell cytotoxicity remains unaffected in individuals exposed to lead as compared with controls. On the other hand, we observed that interferon- gamma (IFN- gamma ) was significantly elevated in T cell mitogen, PHA, stimulated PBMCs culture supernatant of lead exposed individuals. We found significant positive correlation between blood lead levels and IFN- gamma produced in culture supernatant on stimulation with PHA. In brief, this study demonstrates that lead can affect the immune response of the occupationally exposed individuals such as three-wheeler drivers, battery reconditioning workers and silver jewelery makers. JF - Toxicology AU - Mishra, K P AU - Singh, V K AU - Rani, R AU - Yadav, V S AU - Chandran, V AU - Srivastava, S P AU - Seth, P K AD - Department of Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226 014, India, singh@afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - Jun 2003 SP - 251 EP - 259 VL - 188 IS - 2-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - man KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24162:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18768094?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+lead+exposure+on+the+immune+response+of+some+occupationally+exposed+individuals&rft.au=Mishra%2C+K+P%3BSingh%2C+V+K%3BRani%2C+R%3BYadav%2C+V+S%3BChandran%2C+V%3BSrivastava%2C+S+P%3BSeth%2C+P+K&rft.aulast=Mishra&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=188&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0300-483X%2803%2900091-X LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0300-483X(03)00091-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating the Importance of Human-Modified Lands for Neotropical Bird Conservation AN - 18768040; 5641168 AB - Development of effective conservation plans for terrestrial animals will require some assessment of which human-modified and natural habitats can support populations of priority species. We examined bird communities associated with 11 natural and human-modified habitats in Panama and assessed the importance of those habitats for species of different vulnerability to disturbance. We calculated habitat importance scores using both relative habitat preferences and vulnerability scores for all species present. Species of moderate and high vulnerability were primarily those categorized as forest specialists or forest generalists. As expected, even species-rich nonforest habitats provided little conservation value for the most vulnerable species. However, shaded coffee plantations and gallery forest corridors were modified habitats with relatively high conservation value. Sugar cane fields and Caribbean pine plantations offered virtually no conservation value for birds. Our method of assessing the conservation importance of different habitats is useful because it considers the types of species present and the potential role of the habitat in the conservation of those species ( i.e., habitat preference ). This method of habitat evaluation could be tailored to other conservation contexts with any measure of species vulnerability desired.Original Abstract: El desarrollo de planes de conservacion efectivos para animales terrestres requerira de algunas evaluaciones para identificar aquellos habitats modificados por humanos y naturales que puedan soportar poblaciones de especies prioritarias. Examinamos las comunidades de aves asociadas con 11 habitats naturales y modificados por humanos en Panama y evaluamos la importancia de estos habitats para especies de diferente vulnerabilidad a la perturbacion. Se calcularon los valores de importancia del habitat usando tanto los valores de preferencia relativa de habitat como los de vulnerabilidad para todas las especies presentes. Las especies de vulnerabilidad moderada y alta fueron principalmente aquellas catalogadas como especialistas de bosque o generalistas de bosque. Segun lo esperado, aun los habitats no forestales ricos en especies proveyeron poco valor de conservacion para la mayoria de las especies. Sin embargo, las plantaciones de cafe con sombra y los corredores de galerias de bosque fueron habitats modificados con un valor relativamente alto de conservacion. Las plantaciones de cana de azucar y de pino del Caribe virtualmente no ofrecieron valor de conservacion para las aves. Nuestro metodo de evaluacion de la importancia para la conservacion de diferentes habitats es util puesto que considera los tipos de especie presentes y el papel potencial del habitat en la conservacion de estas especies ( es decir, habitat preferencial ). Este metodo de evaluacion de habitat puede ser adaptado a otros contextos de conservacion usando cualquier medida de vulnerabilidad de especies deseada. JF - Conservation Biology AU - Petit, L J AU - Petit AD - Smithsonian Migratory Bird Center, National Zoological Park, Washington, D.C. 20008, U.S.A., petit@nps.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - Jun 2003 SP - 687 EP - 694 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 17 IS - 3 SN - 0888-8892, 0888-8892 KW - Birds KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04705:Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18768040?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Conservation+Biology&rft.atitle=Evaluating+the+Importance+of+Human-Modified+Lands+for+Neotropical+Bird+Conservation&rft.au=Petit%2C+L+J%3BPetit&rft.aulast=Petit&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=687&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Conservation+Biology&rft.issn=08888892&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1523-1739.2003.00124.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.2003.00124.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Upper thermal structure and intermediate currents in the Adriatic and northern Ionian as measured by a Lagrangian profiler in 1995 and 1996 AN - 1812212369; 2016-069870 AB - A Profiling Autonomous Lagrangian Circulation Explorer (PALACE) was deployed twice in the Strait of Otranto (entrance of the Adriatic Sea) to measure intermediate currents and temperature profiles in the upper water column. The profiling instrument was programmed to stay immersed and drift at a neutral depth near 350 dbar for about 51 hours and then to float at the surface for about 21 hours in order to be located by, and relay data to, the Argos satellite system. Temperature data were collected during each ascent between 333 dbar and the surface with 3 dbar vertical resolution. The PALACE was first deployed on 18 May 1995 and was subsequently recovered in the northern Ionian Sea on 26 August 1996. After maintenance, the same float was redeployed at the same location in the Strait of Otranto in November 1995 and provided data in the Adriatic Sea until December 1996. Displacements at intermediate depths indicated that the typical mean speed at the float neutral depth is 5 cm/s, which is about four times smaller than the mean speeds of surface drifters in the same region. Over one hundred temperature profiles were acquired. The temperature profiles measured by the PALACE delineate clearly the seasonal development of the thermocline and upper mixed layer, with the former reaching a maximum depth near 50 m in late summer and fall. Superimposed on this seasonal trend, temperature variations at shorter time scales (5-10 days) can be seen. These variations are mostly related to mesoscale spatial structures observed in the float track and in satellite thermal images. JF - Bollettino di Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata AU - Poulain, P M AU - Mauri, E AU - Zanasca, P Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 139 EP - 154 PB - OGS (Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale), Trieste VL - 44 IS - 2 SN - 0006-6729, 0006-6729 KW - geophysical surveys KW - Adriatic Sea KW - thermal circulation KW - geophysical methods KW - satellite methods KW - temperature KW - statistical distribution KW - measurement KW - East Mediterranean KW - Strait of Otranto KW - marine methods KW - profiling autonomous Lagrangian circulation explorer KW - surveys KW - northern Ionian Sea KW - Mediterranean Sea KW - Argos KW - PALACE KW - Ionian Sea KW - remote sensing KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812212369?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bollettino+di+Geofisica+Teorica+ed+Applicata&rft.atitle=Upper+thermal+structure+and+intermediate+currents+in+the+Adriatic+and+northern+Ionian+as+measured+by+a+Lagrangian+profiler+in+1995+and+1996&rft.au=Poulain%2C+P+M%3BMauri%2C+E%3BZanasca%2C+P&rft.aulast=Poulain&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bollettino+di+Geofisica+Teorica+ed+Applicata&rft.issn=00066729&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www2.ogs.trieste.it/bgta/pdf/bgta44.2_POULAIN.pdf http://www2.ogs.trieste.it/bgta/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - CODEN - BGTAAE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adriatic Sea; Argos; East Mediterranean; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; Ionian Sea; marine methods; measurement; Mediterranean Sea; northern Ionian Sea; PALACE; profiling autonomous Lagrangian circulation explorer; remote sensing; satellite methods; statistical distribution; Strait of Otranto; surveys; temperature; thermal circulation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Allosteric Modulation of Human P-glycoprotein -- INHIBITION OF TRANSPORT BY PREVENTING SUBSTRATE TRANSLOCATION AND DISSOCIATION AN - 20121837; 5625782 AB - The human multidrug transporter P-glycoprotein (Pgp, ABCB1) contributes to the poor bioavailability of many anticancer and antimicrobial agents as well as to drug resistance at the cellular level. For rational design of effective Pgp inhibitors, a clear understanding of its mechanism of action and functional regulation is essential. In this study, we demonstrate that inhibition of Pgp-mediated drug transport by cis-(Z)-flupentixol, a thioxanthene derivative, occurs through an allosteric mechanism. Unlike competitive inhibitors, such as cyclosporin A and verapamil, cis-(Z)-flupentixol does not interfere with substrate (( super(125)I)iodoarylazidoprazosin) recognition by Pgp, instead it prevents substrate translocation and dissociation, resulting in a stable but reversible Pgp-substrate complex. cis-(Z)-Flupentixol-induced complex formation requires involvement of the Pgp substrate site, because agents that either physically compete (cyclosporin A) for or indirectly occlude (vanadate) the substrate-binding site prevent formation of the complex. Allosteric modulation by cis-(Z)-flupentixol involves a conformational change in Pgp detectable by monoclonal antibody UIC2 binding to a conformation-sensitive external epitope of Pgp. The conformational change observed is distinct from that induced by Pgp substrates or competitive inhibitors. A single amino acid substitution (F983A) in TM12 of Pgp that impairs inhibition by cis-(Z)-flupentixol of Pgp-mediated drug transport also affects stabilization of the Pgp-substrate complex as well as the characteristic conformational change. Taken together, our results describe the molecular mechanism by which the Pgp modulator cis-(Z)-flupentixol allosterically inhibits drug transport. JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry AU - Maki, N AU - Hafkemeyer, P AU - Dey, S AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, sdey@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2003/05/16/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 May 16 SP - 18132 EP - 18139 VL - 278 IS - 20 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Molecular modelling KW - vanadate KW - Amino acid substitution KW - Monoclonal antibodies KW - Drug resistance KW - Thioxanthene KW - Antimicrobial agents KW - P-Glycoprotein KW - Verapamil KW - Allosteric properties KW - Cyclosporin A KW - Translocation KW - Epitopes KW - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20121837?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Allosteric+Modulation+of+Human+P-glycoprotein+--+INHIBITION+OF+TRANSPORT+BY+PREVENTING+SUBSTRATE+TRANSLOCATION+AND+DISSOCIATION&rft.au=Maki%2C+N%3BHafkemeyer%2C+P%3BDey%2C+S&rft.aulast=Maki&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2003-05-16&rft.volume=278&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=18132&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/10.1074%2Fjbc.M210413200 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - vanadate; Molecular modelling; Amino acid substitution; Monoclonal antibodies; Thioxanthene; Drug resistance; Antimicrobial agents; P-Glycoprotein; Verapamil; Allosteric properties; Cyclosporin A; Translocation; Epitopes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M210413200 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence That the wzxE Gene of Escherichia coli K-12 Encodes a Protein Involved in the Transbilayer Movement of a Trisaccharide-Lipid Intermediate in the Assembly of Enterobacterial Common Antigen AN - 18740104; 5618605 AB - The assembly of many bacterial cell surface polysaccharides requires the transbilayer movement of polyisoprenoid-linked saccharide intermediates across the cytoplasmic membrane. It is generally believed that transverse diffusion of glycolipid intermediates is mediated by integral membrane proteins called translocases or "flippases." The bacterial genes proposed to encode these translocases have been collectively designated wzx genes. The wzxE gene of Escherichia coli K-12 has been implicated in the transbilayer movement of Fuc4NAc-ManNAcA-GlcNAc-P-P-undecaprenol (lipid III), the donor of the trisaccharide repeat unit in the biosynthesis of enterobacterial common antigen (ECA). Previous studies (Feldman, M. F., Marolda, C. L., Monteiro, M. A., Perry, M. B., Parodi, A. J., and Valvano, M. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274, 35129-35138) provided indirect evidence that the wzx sub(016) gene product of E. coli K-12 encoded a translocase capable of mediating the transbilayer movement of N-acetylglucosaminylpyrophosphorylundecaprenol (GlcNAc-P-P-Und), an early intermediate in the synthesis of ECA and many lipopolysaccharide O antigens. Therefore, genetic and biochemical studies were conducted to determine if the putative Wzx sub(O16) translocase was capable of mediating the transport of N-acetylglucosaminylpyrophosphorylnerol (GlcNAc-P-P-Ner), a water-soluble analogue of GlcNAc-P-P-Und. ( super(3)H)GlcNAc-P-P-Ner was transported into sealed, everted cytoplasmic membrane vesicles of E. coli K-12 as well as a deletion mutant lacking both the wzx sub(016) and wzxC genes. In contrast, ( super(3)H)GlcNAc-P-P-Ner was not transported into membrane vesicles prepared from a wzxE-null mutant, and metabolic radiolabeling experiments revealed the accumulation of lipid III in this mutant. The WzxE transport system exhibited substrate specificity by recognizing both a pyrophosphoryl-linked saccharide and an unsaturated alpha -isoprene unit in the carrier lipid. These results support the conclusion that the wzxE gene encodes a membrane protein involved in the transbilayer movement of lipid III in E. coli. JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry AU - Rick, P D AU - Barr, K AU - Sankaran, K AU - Kajimura, J AU - Rush, J S AU - Waechter, C J AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, rickp@usuhs.mil. Y1 - 2003/05/09/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 May 09 SP - 16534 EP - 16542 VL - 278 IS - 19 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - translocase KW - wzxE gene KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18740104?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Evidence+That+the+wzxE+Gene+of+Escherichia+coli+K-12+Encodes+a+Protein+Involved+in+the+Transbilayer+Movement+of+a+Trisaccharide-Lipid+Intermediate+in+the+Assembly+of+Enterobacterial+Common+Antigen&rft.au=Rick%2C+P+D%3BBarr%2C+K%3BSankaran%2C+K%3BKajimura%2C+J%3BRush%2C+J+S%3BWaechter%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Rick&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2003-05-09&rft.volume=278&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=16534&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/10.1074%2Fjbc.M301750200 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M301750200 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protein kinase A hyperphosphorylation increases basal current but decreases beta-adrenergic responsiveness of the sarcolemmal Na+-Ca2+ exchanger in failing pig myocytes. AN - 73262715; 12676818 AB - The sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX) protein is the major cardiac calcium extrusion mechanism and is upregulated in heart failure (HF). NCX expression level and functional activity as regulated by beta-adrenergic receptor (beta-AR) stimulation in swine with and without tachycardia-induced heart failure were studied. The Ni2+-sensitive NCX current was measured in myocytes from HF and control animals in the basal state or in the presence of isoproterenol, forskolin, 8-Br-cAMP, okadaic acid, or protein phosphatase type 1. Western blot analysis revealed a significant increase in both the 120-kDa (29%) and 80-kDa (69%) fragments in HF (P<0.05 versus control). Despite this modest increase in protein, the basal peak outward NCX current was increased almost 5-fold in HF (P<0.05 versus control). Stimulation with isoproterenol, however, increased the control currents to a significantly greater extent than HF (500% increase in control versus 100% increase in HF, P<0.01); peak stimulated current was not different in HF and control. This reduction in responsiveness to beta-AR stimulation was refractory to forskolin, 8-Br-cAMP, or okadaic acid stimulation. In vitro protein kinase A back-phosphorylation revealed higher phosphorylation capacity of NCX protein in control versus HF, consistent with increased phosphorylation in vivo (hyperphosphorylation) in HF. Protein phosphatase type 1 exposure resulted in a significant reduction (73%) in peak basal current in HF (compared with no significant difference in controls), confirming that the increased basal NCX current in HF is predominantly attributable to hyperphosphorylation. NCX expression and activity are thus increased in HF, although beta-AR responsiveness is decreased because of NCX hyperphosphorylation. JF - Circulation research AU - Wei, Shao-kui AU - Ruknudin, Abdul AU - Hanlon, Stephen U AU - McCurley, John M AU - Schulze, Dan H AU - Haigney, Mark C P AD - Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, A3060, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, Md 20814, USA. Y1 - 2003/05/02/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 May 02 SP - 897 EP - 903 VL - 92 IS - 8 KW - Adrenergic beta-Agonists KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Adrenergic, beta KW - Sodium-Calcium Exchanger KW - Colforsin KW - 1F7A44V6OU KW - Okadaic Acid KW - 1W21G5Q4N2 KW - 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate KW - 23583-48-4 KW - Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases KW - EC 2.7.11.11 KW - Phosphoprotein Phosphatases KW - EC 3.1.3.16 KW - Isoproterenol KW - L628TT009W KW - Index Medicus KW - Swine KW - Animals KW - Sarcolemma -- metabolism KW - Phosphoprotein Phosphatases -- pharmacology KW - Myocardium -- pathology KW - Heart Failure -- metabolism KW - 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate -- pharmacology KW - Isoproterenol -- pharmacology KW - Myocardium -- metabolism KW - Adrenergic beta-Agonists -- pharmacology KW - Colforsin -- pharmacology KW - Phosphorylation KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Okadaic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Membrane Potentials -- drug effects KW - Sarcolemma -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Heart Failure -- physiopathology KW - Male KW - Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases -- metabolism KW - Myocytes, Cardiac -- physiology KW - Myocytes, Cardiac -- drug effects KW - Sodium-Calcium Exchanger -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Adrenergic, beta -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73262715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Circulation+research&rft.atitle=Protein+kinase+A+hyperphosphorylation+increases+basal+current+but+decreases+beta-adrenergic+responsiveness+of+the+sarcolemmal+Na%2B-Ca2%2B+exchanger+in+failing+pig+myocytes.&rft.au=Wei%2C+Shao-kui%3BRuknudin%2C+Abdul%3BHanlon%2C+Stephen+U%3BMcCurley%2C+John+M%3BSchulze%2C+Dan+H%3BHaigney%2C+Mark+C+P&rft.aulast=Wei&rft.aufirst=Shao-kui&rft.date=2003-05-02&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=897&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Circulation+research&rft.issn=1524-4571&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-05-30 N1 - Date created - 2003-05-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Natalizumab: a new hope for Crohn's disease? AN - 85375601; pmid-12830820 JF - The American journal of gastroenterology AU - Napier, John AU - Wong, Roy K H AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Gastroenterology Service, Division of Digestive Diseases, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA. Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 1197 EP - 1199 VL - 98 IS - 5 SN - 0002-9270, 0002-9270 KW - Index Medicus KW - National Library of Medicine KW - *Antibodies, Monoclonal: therapeutic use KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized KW - C-Reactive Protein: analysis KW - Crohn Disease: blood KW - *Crohn Disease: drug therapy KW - Double-Blind Method KW - Humans KW - Infusions, Intravenous KW - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic KW - Treatment Outcome UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85375601?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+gastroenterology&rft.atitle=Natalizumab%3A+a+new+hope+for+Crohn%27s+disease%3F&rft.au=Napier%2C+John%3BWong%2C+Roy+K+H&rft.aulast=Napier&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+gastroenterology&rft.issn=00029270&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English (eng) DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2011-12-15 N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ocular surface, ocular adnexal, and lacrimal complications associated with the use of systemic 5-fluorouracil. AN - 73563430; 12918558 AB - To determine the prevalence rates and associated characteristics of patients who have ocular surface, ocular adnexal, and lacrimal complications associated with the systemic use of the cancer chemotherapeutic agent 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU). An exposure-based cohort study was designed. Adult patients who had completed at least 3 months of systemic 5-FU therapy within the past 5 years were eligible for enrollment. Study subjects had a detailed medical history taken with emphasis on preexisting conditions known to be associated with the development of ocular surface, ocular adnexal, and lacrimal complications. An ocular examination was then performed. A complete nasolacrimal system evaluation was performed if symptoms or findings were identified. The prevalence was then determined for each ocular symptom and each ocular finding identified that was not present pretreatment. An exploratory analysis was then performed to identify patient characteristics that might influence the likelihood of developing any of the above complications. Fifty-two patients were enrolled in the study. The prevalence rates of the following ocular abnormalities were calculated: ocular irritation, 5.8%; blepharitis, 3.8%; conjunctivitis, 3.8%; keratitis, 3.8%; eyelid dermatitis, 5.8%; cicatricial ectropion, 1.9%; tearing, 26.9%; punctal-canalicular stenosis, 5.8%; and blurred vision, 11.5%. Blacks had tearing at a significantly higher rate when compared with whites (P = 0.022, 2-sided Fisher exact test). Three patients had permanent complications that will require surgery for correction. Of the 7 patients who had a single abnormality, 6 had tearing and one had eyelid dermatitis. All of the 8 patients who had multiple findings had tearing as one of their abnormalities. Ninety-three percent of the patients who had an ocular abnormality had tearing as one of the complications. Patients who are receiving systemic 5-FU and begin to tear should have an ocular examination, looking for ocular surface, ocular adnexal, and lacrimal complications. JF - Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery AU - Eiseman, Andrew S AU - Flanagan, Joseph C AU - Brooks, Alfred B AU - Mitchell, Edith P AU - Pemberton, Clifford H AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. andrew.eiseman@na.amedd.army.mil Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 216 EP - 224 VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 0740-9303, 0740-9303 KW - Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic KW - 0 KW - Fluorouracil KW - U3P01618RT KW - Index Medicus KW - Tears -- secretion KW - Humans KW - Cohort Studies KW - African Americans -- statistics & numerical data KW - Adult KW - Incidence KW - European Continental Ancestry Group -- statistics & numerical data KW - Drug Eruptions -- pathology KW - Drug Eruptions -- metabolism KW - Drug Eruptions -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic -- adverse effects KW - Vision Disorders -- metabolism KW - Eye Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Eye Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Eyelid Diseases -- metabolism KW - Eyelid Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Fluorouracil -- adverse effects KW - Vision Disorders -- chemically induced KW - Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases -- metabolism KW - Eye Diseases -- metabolism KW - Eye Diseases -- pathology KW - Eyelid Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Eyelid Diseases -- pathology KW - Vision Disorders -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73563430?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ophthalmic+plastic+and+reconstructive+surgery&rft.atitle=Ocular+surface%2C+ocular+adnexal%2C+and+lacrimal+complications+associated+with+the+use+of+systemic+5-fluorouracil.&rft.au=Eiseman%2C+Andrew+S%3BFlanagan%2C+Joseph+C%3BBrooks%2C+Alfred+B%3BMitchell%2C+Edith+P%3BPemberton%2C+Clifford+H&rft.aulast=Eiseman&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=216&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ophthalmic+plastic+and+reconstructive+surgery&rft.issn=07409303&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-08 N1 - Date created - 2003-08-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - N-methyl-D-aspartate and TrkB receptor activation in cerebellar granule cells: an in vitro model of preconditioning to stimulate intrinsic survival pathways in neurons. AN - 73518735; 12853306 AB - Delineating the mechanisms of survival pathways that exist in neurons will provide important insight into how neurons utilize intracellular proteins as neuroprotectants against the causes of acute neurodegeneration. We have employed cultured rat cerebellar granule cells as a model for determining the mechanisms of these intraneuronal survival pathways. Glutamate has long been known to kill neurons by an N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated mechanism. Paradoxically, subtoxic concentrations of NMDA protect neurons against glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity. Because NMDA protects neurons in physiologic concentrations of glucose and oxygen, we refer to this phenomenon as physiologic preconditioning. One of the major mechanisms of NMDA neuroprotection involves the activation of NMDA receptors leading to the rapid release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). BDNF then binds to and activates its cognate receptor, receptor tyrosine kinase B (TrkB). The efficient utilization of these two receptors confers remarkable resistance against millimolar concentrations of glutamate that kill more than eighty percent of the neurons in the absence of preconditioning the neurons with a subtoxic concentration of NMDA. Exactly how the neurons mediate neuroprotection by activation of both receptors is just beginning to be understood. Both NMDA and TrkB receptors activate nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB), a transcription factor known to be involved in protecting neurons against many different kinds of toxic insults. By converging on survival transcription factors, such as NF-kappaB, NMDA and TrkB receptors protect neurons. Thus, crosstalk between these very different receptors provides a rapid means of neuronal communication to upregulate survival proteins through release and transcriptional activation of messenger RNA. JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - Jiang, Xueying AU - Zhu, Daming AU - Okagaki, Peter AU - Lipsky, Robert AU - Wu, Xuan AU - Banaudha, Krishna AU - Mearow, Karen AU - Strauss, Kenneth I AU - Marini, Ann M AD - Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA. Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 134 EP - 45; discussion 159-60 VL - 993 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor KW - 0 KW - NF-kappa B KW - Neuroprotective Agents KW - Oligonucleotides, Antisense KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate KW - Glutamic Acid KW - 3KX376GY7L KW - N-Methylaspartate KW - 6384-92-5 KW - Receptor, trkB KW - EC 2.7.10.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Genes, bcl-2 KW - Animals KW - N-Methylaspartate -- metabolism KW - Glutamic Acid -- toxicity KW - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor -- metabolism KW - N-Methylaspartate -- pharmacology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor -- pharmacology KW - Autocrine Communication KW - Oligonucleotides, Antisense -- metabolism KW - NF-kappa B -- metabolism KW - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor -- genetics KW - Cerebellum -- cytology KW - Neurons -- metabolism KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Cerebellum -- drug effects KW - Neurons -- cytology KW - Receptor, trkB -- metabolism KW - Neuroprotective Agents -- metabolism KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate -- metabolism KW - Ischemic Preconditioning -- methods KW - Cerebellum -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73518735?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=N-methyl-D-aspartate+and+TrkB+receptor+activation+in+cerebellar+granule+cells%3A+an+in+vitro+model+of+preconditioning+to+stimulate+intrinsic+survival+pathways+in+neurons.&rft.au=Jiang%2C+Xueying%3BZhu%2C+Daming%3BOkagaki%2C+Peter%3BLipsky%2C+Robert%3BWu%2C+Xuan%3BBanaudha%2C+Krishna%3BMearow%2C+Karen%3BStrauss%2C+Kenneth+I%3BMarini%2C+Ann+M&rft.aulast=Jiang&rft.aufirst=Xueying&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=993&rft.issue=&rft.spage=134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-08-25 N1 - Date created - 2003-07-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Genes Dev. 1993 Nov;7(11):2064-70 [8224838] Annu Rev Immunol. 1994;12:141-79 [8011280] Brain Res Bull. 1994;35(3):247-51 [7812805] J Neurobiol. 1994 Nov;25(11):1404-17 [7852994] Science. 1995 Mar 10;267(5203):1485-8 [7878466] Nature. 1995 Mar 30;374(6521):450-3 [7700353] Neuroreport. 2001 Feb 12,;12(2):335-9 [11209946] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Oct 10;92(21):9618-22 [7568184] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Sep 26;92(20):9077-81 [7568076] J Neurochem. 1995 Nov;65(5):2241-50 [7595513] Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars). 1996;56(1):3-8 [8787191] Annu Rev Neurosci. 1996;19:463-89 [8833451] Neurosci Res. 1997 Sep;29(1):37-47 [9293491] J Neurosci Res. 1997 Sep 15;49(6):681-97 [9335256] Neuron. 1998 Apr;20(4):709-26 [9581763] Stroke. 1998 Sep;29(9):1937-50; discussion 1950-1 [9731622] J Biol Chem. 1998 Nov 6;273(45):29394-9 [9792641] J Neurosci. 1999 Mar 1;19(5):1657-62 [10024352] J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001 May;297(2):474-8 [11303032] J Neurochem. 2001 Jul;78(2):254-64 [11461961] Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2001 Jun;939:11-22 [11462762] J Neurophysiol. 2001 Oct;86(4):2109-11 [11600666] Neurosci Lett. 2002 Mar 8;320(3):161-3 [11852186] J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2002 Jun;22(6):680-8 [12045666] Science. 1987 Sep 4;237(4819):1154-62 [3306916] Nature. 1990 Mar 22;344(6264):339-41 [2314473] Neuron. 1990 Apr;4(4):487-92 [2157470] Neuron. 1990 May;4(5):767-73 [2344409] Neuron. 1990 Oct;5(4):501-9 [1688327] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Oct;87(20):8060-4 [2236018] Brain Res. 1990 Sep 24;528(1):21-4 [2245337] J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1991 Mar;11(2):299-307 [1997501] Nature. 1991 Mar 14;350(6314):158-60 [1706478] Science. 1991 Apr 26;252(5005):554-8 [1850549] Cell. 1991 Sep 6;66(5):967-79 [1653651] Brain Res. 1991 Jul 12;553(2):238-42 [1933283] Cell. 1991 Jul 26;66(2):395-403 [1649702] Brain Res. 1991 Oct 11;561(2):203-11 [1802339] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Jul 15;89(14):6555-9 [1385875] Brain Res. 1992 Jul 17;586(1):121-4 [1380876] Neurosci Lett. 1992 May 11;139(1):118-21 [1407677] Neuron. 1993 Mar;10(3):475-89 [8461137] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Oct 1;90(19):8802-6 [8415610] Eur J Neurosci. 1993 Nov 1;5(11):1455-64 [7904521] Neurosci Lett. 1993 Dec 12;163(2):135-7 [8309618] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhibition of Anti-CD3 and Interleukin-2 Stimulated T Lymphocyte Proliferation by Peptidomimetic Opioid Compound AN - 18786105; 5655305 AB - In continuation to our earlier studies with peptidomimetic opioid compounds, we have further investigated immunosuppressive properties of one of our peptidomimetic compound (Tyr-NH-CH sub(2)-CH sub(2)-O-Phe-NH sub(2)) using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of healthy volunteers. Peptidomimetic compound was evaluated for its effect on anti-CD3 and recombinant human interleukin-2 (rhIL-2) stimulated lymphocyte proliferation in vitro and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced activation of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK, pp42/44) in mouse macrophage cells (RAW 264.7). Our results show the immunosuppressive potential of synthetic peptidomimetic compound. This compound significantly inhibited anti-CD3 and rhIL-2 stimulated lymphocyte proliferation in vitro. However, this peptidomimetic compound did not show any effect on LPS induced MAPK activation. These observations suggest that above peptidomimetic compound has potential to inhibit immune responses mediated by lymphocytes. JF - Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology AU - Narayan, P AU - Pandey, R AU - Yadav, V S AU - Tandon, R AU - Haq, W AU - Dhar, M M AU - Singh, V K AD - Radiation Medicine Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA, singh@afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 225 EP - 233 VL - 25 IS - 2 SN - 0892-3973, 0892-3973 KW - CD3 antigen KW - man KW - opioids KW - peptidomimetic compounds KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts KW - F 067735:Interleukins KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - F 06791:Experimental KW - F 06756:Function UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18786105?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Immunopharmacology+and+Immunotoxicology&rft.atitle=Inhibition+of+Anti-CD3+and+Interleukin-2+Stimulated+T+Lymphocyte+Proliferation+by+Peptidomimetic+Opioid+Compound&rft.au=Narayan%2C+P%3BPandey%2C+R%3BYadav%2C+V+S%3BTandon%2C+R%3BHaq%2C+W%3BDhar%2C+M+M%3BSingh%2C+V+K&rft.aulast=Narayan&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Immunopharmacology+and+Immunotoxicology&rft.issn=08923973&rft_id=info:doi/10.1081%2FIPH-120020472 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/IPH-120020472 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Group B streptococcal phospholipid causes pulmonary hypertension AN - 18739409; 5617385 AB - Group B Streptococcus is the most common cause of bacterial infection in the newborn. Infection in many cases causes persistent pulmonary hypertension, which impairs gas exchange in the lung. We purified the bacterial components causing pulmonary hypertension and identified them as cardiolipin and phosphatidylglycerol. Synthetic cardiolipin or phosphatidylglycerol also induced pulmonary hypertension in lambs. The recognition that bacterial phospholipids may cause pulmonary hypertension in newborns with Group B streptococcal infection opens new avenues for therapeutic intervention. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA AU - Curtis, J AU - Kim, G AU - Wehr, N B AU - Levine, R L AD - National Naval Medical Center and Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, rlevine@nih.gov Y1 - 2003/04/29/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Apr 29 SP - 5087 EP - 5090 VL - 100 IS - 9 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - cardiolipin KW - group B streptococci KW - lambs KW - phosphatidylglycerol KW - pulmonary hypertension KW - sheep KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02845:Ear, nose and respiratory tract UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18739409?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.atitle=Group+B+streptococcal+phospholipid+causes+pulmonary+hypertension&rft.au=Curtis%2C+J%3BKim%2C+G%3BWehr%2C+N+B%3BLevine%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Curtis&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-04-29&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=5087&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.0931493100 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0931493100 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Porin Variation among Clinical Isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae over a 10-Year Period, as Determined by Por Variable Region Typing AN - 18868722; 5716241 AB - The Neisseria gonorrhoeae porin protein (Por) is a potential vaccine target and is the antigenic determinant for serovar typing. Two classes of Por, PIA and PIB, and antigenically distinct variants within each class result from sequence variations in the por gene variable regions (VRs) encoding surface-exposed loops. Oligonucleotide probes to 5 VRs of each class were used in checkerboard hybridizations to type 282 clinical gonococcal isolates selected from strains collected over the course of 10 years. PIA strains (n = 63) showed limited por diversity, with 90% having 1 of 4 por types. PIB strains (n = 219) were more diverse, although several common por types were identified that persisted over time. Variation within individual VRs was found to be limited. The present study provides information about the diversity of Por in strains circulating in a single geographic region over time, illustrates the utility of a novel por typing method, and has implications for vaccine development. JF - Journal of Infectious Diseases AU - McKnew, D L AU - Lynn, F AU - Zenilman, J M AU - Bash, M C AD - Division of Bacterial, Parasitic, and Allergenic Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, and Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, USA Y1 - 2003/04/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Apr 15 SP - 1213 EP - 1222 VL - 187 IS - 8 SN - 0022-1899, 0022-1899 KW - Por protein KW - por gene KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02832:Antigenic properties and virulence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18868722?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Infectious+Diseases&rft.atitle=Porin+Variation+among+Clinical+Isolates+of+Neisseria+gonorrhoeae+over+a+10-Year+Period%2C+as+Determined+by+Por+Variable+Region+Typing&rft.au=McKnew%2C+D+L%3BLynn%2C+F%3BZenilman%2C+J+M%3BBash%2C+M+C&rft.aulast=McKnew&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-04-15&rft.volume=187&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Infectious+Diseases&rft.issn=00221899&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intracellular and Interstitial Expression of Helicobacter pylori Virulence Genes in Gastric Precancerous Intestinal Metaplasia and Adenocarcinoma AN - 18868393; 5716236 AB - Gastric intestinal metaplasia (IM) and gastric cancer are associated with Helicobacter pylori, but the bacterium often is undetectable in these lesions. To unravel this apparent paradox, IM, H. pylori presence, and the expression of H. pylori virulence genes were quantified concurrently using histologic testing, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry. H. pylori was detected inside metaplastic, dysplastic, and neoplastic epithelial cells, and cagA and babA2 expression was colocalized. Importantly, expression of cagA was significantly higher in patients with IM and adenocarcinoma than in control subjects. The preneoplastic "acidic" MUC2 mucin was detected only in the presence of H. pylori, and MUC2 expression was higher in patients with IM, dysplasia, and cancer. These novel findings are compatible with the hypothesis that all stages of gastric carcinogenesis are fostered by persistent intracellular expression of H. pylori virulence genes, especially cagA inside MUC2-producing precancerous gastric cells and pleomorphic cancer cells. JF - Journal of Infectious Diseases AU - Semino-Mora, C AU - Doi, S Q AU - Marty, A AU - Simko, V AU - Carlstedt, I AU - Dubois, A AD - Laboratory of Gastrointestinal and Liver Studies, Digestive Diseases Division, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Y1 - 2003/04/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Apr 15 SP - 1165 EP - 1177 VL - 187 IS - 8 SN - 0022-1899, 0022-1899 KW - babA2 gene KW - cagA gene KW - man KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02846:Gastrointestinal tract UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18868393?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Infectious+Diseases&rft.atitle=Intracellular+and+Interstitial+Expression+of+Helicobacter+pylori+Virulence+Genes+in+Gastric+Precancerous+Intestinal+Metaplasia+and+Adenocarcinoma&rft.au=Semino-Mora%2C+C%3BDoi%2C+S+Q%3BMarty%2C+A%3BSimko%2C+V%3BCarlstedt%2C+I%3BDubois%2C+A&rft.aulast=Semino-Mora&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2003-04-15&rft.volume=187&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Infectious+Diseases&rft.issn=00221899&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of VX contamination in soil through solid-phase microextraction sampling and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry of the VX degradation product bis(diisopropylaminoethyl)disulfide. AN - 73259566; 12735457 AB - A solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) sampling and analysis method was developed for bis(diisopropylaminoethyl)disulfide (a degradation product of the nerve agent VX) in soil. A 30-min sampling time with a polydimethylsiloxane-coated fiber and high temperature alkaline hydrolysis allowed detection with 1.0 microg of VX spiked per g of agricultural soil. The method was successfully used in the field with portable GC-MS instrumentation. This method is relatively rapid (less than 1 h), avoids the use of complex preparation steps, and enhances analyst safety through limited use of solvents and decontamination of the soil before sampling. JF - Journal of chromatography. A AU - Hook, Gary L AU - Kimm, Gregory AU - Koch, David AU - Savage, Paul B AU - Ding, Bangwei AU - Smith, Philip A AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA. Y1 - 2003/04/11/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Apr 11 SP - 1 EP - 9 VL - 992 IS - 1-2 SN - 0021-9673, 0021-9673 KW - Chemical Warfare Agents KW - 0 KW - Disulfides KW - Organothiophosphorus Compounds KW - Soil Pollutants KW - bis(diisopropylaminoethyl)disulfide KW - VX KW - 9A4381183B KW - Index Medicus KW - Reference Standards KW - Disulfides -- analysis KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry -- methods KW - Chemical Warfare Agents -- analysis KW - Organothiophosphorus Compounds -- analysis KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73259566?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+chromatography.+A&rft.atitle=Detection+of+VX+contamination+in+soil+through+solid-phase+microextraction+sampling+and+gas+chromatography%2Fmass+spectrometry+of+the+VX+degradation+product+bis%28diisopropylaminoethyl%29disulfide.&rft.au=Hook%2C+Gary+L%3BKimm%2C+Gregory%3BKoch%2C+David%3BSavage%2C+Paul+B%3BDing%2C+Bangwei%3BSmith%2C+Philip+A&rft.aulast=Hook&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft.date=2003-04-11&rft.volume=992&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+chromatography.+A&rft.issn=00219673&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-01-28 N1 - Date created - 2003-05-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reductions in N-acetylaspartylglutamate and the 67 kDa form of glutamic acid decarboxylase immunoreactivities in the visual system of albino and pigmented rats after optic nerve transections. AN - 73080183; 12619078 AB - This study compares the immunohistochemical distributions of N-acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG) and the large isoform of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-synthesizing enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD(67)) in the visual system of albino and pigmented rats. Most retinal ganglion cells and their axons were strongly immunoreactive for NAAG, whereas GAD(67) immunoreactivity was very sparse in these cells and projections. In retinorecipient zones, NAAG and GAD(67) immunoreactivities occurred in distinct populations of neurons and in dense networks of strongly immunoreactive fibers and synapses. Dual-labeling immunohistochemistry indicated that principal neurons were stained for NAAG, whereas local interneurons were stained for GAD(67). In contrast to the distribution observed in retinorecipient zones, most or all neurons were doubly stained for NAAG and GAD(67) in the thalamic reticular nucleus. Ten days after unilateral optic nerve transection, NAAG-immunoreactive fibers and synapses were substantially reduced in all contralateral retinal terminal zones. The posttransection pattern of NAAG-immunoreactive synaptic loss demarcated the contralateral and ipsilateral divisions of the retinal projections. In addition, an apparent transynaptic reduction in GAD(67) immunoreactivity was observed in some deafferented areas, such as the lateral geniculate. These findings suggest a complicated picture in which NAAG and GABA are segregated in distinct neuronal populations in primary visual targets, yet they are colocalized in neurons of the thalamic reticular nucleus. This is consistent with NAAG acting as a neurotransmitter release modulator that is coreleased with a variety of classical transmitters in specific neural pathways. Copyright 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - The Journal of comparative neurology AU - Moffett, John R AD - Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057-1229, USA. jmoffett@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2003/04/07/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Apr 07 SP - 221 EP - 239 VL - 458 IS - 3 SN - 0021-9967, 0021-9967 KW - Dipeptides KW - 0 KW - Isoenzymes KW - isospaglumic acid KW - 1W8M12WXYL KW - gamma-Aminobutyric Acid KW - 56-12-2 KW - Glutamate Decarboxylase KW - EC 4.1.1.15 KW - glutamate decarboxylase 1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Rats, Long-Evans KW - Brain -- cytology KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Neural Inhibition -- physiology KW - Optic Nerve -- surgery KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Down-Regulation -- physiology KW - Interneurons -- metabolism KW - Interneurons -- cytology KW - gamma-Aminobutyric Acid -- metabolism KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Functional Laterality -- physiology KW - Male KW - Presynaptic Terminals -- ultrastructure KW - Visual Pathways -- metabolism KW - Isoenzymes -- metabolism KW - Glutamate Decarboxylase -- metabolism KW - Presynaptic Terminals -- metabolism KW - Superior Colliculi -- cytology KW - Retinal Ganglion Cells -- metabolism KW - Superior Colliculi -- metabolism KW - Retinal Ganglion Cells -- cytology KW - Dipeptides -- metabolism KW - Geniculate Bodies -- metabolism KW - Rats -- metabolism KW - Rats -- anatomy & histology KW - Geniculate Bodies -- cytology KW - Visual Pathways -- cytology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73080183?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+comparative+neurology&rft.atitle=Reductions+in+N-acetylaspartylglutamate+and+the+67+kDa+form+of+glutamic+acid+decarboxylase+immunoreactivities+in+the+visual+system+of+albino+and+pigmented+rats+after+optic+nerve+transections.&rft.au=Moffett%2C+John+R&rft.aulast=Moffett&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2003-04-07&rft.volume=458&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+comparative+neurology&rft.issn=00219967&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-18 N1 - Date created - 2003-03-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temporal lobe encephalocele appearing as a lytic lesion of the skull base and pterygoid process. AN - 85369916; pmid-12735159 AB - Meningoencephalocele is an uncommon condition in which brain tissue, meninges, or both protrude through a defect in the anterior cranial fossa and into the ethmoid sinus or nasal cavity. Much less often, brain tissue, meninges, or both protrude through a defect in the middle cranial fossa and into the sphenoid sinus. We report an unusual case of a middle fossa encephalocele that appeared as a lytic lesion of the skull base. The patient was treated successfully via a unique endoscopic transpterygoid approach--that is, an endoscopic approach through the maxillary sinus and pterygopalatine fossa and into the pterygoid process. JF - Ear, nose, & throat journal AU - Bolger, William E AU - Reger, Christine AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, USA. wbolger@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - Apr 2003 SP - 269 EP - 72, 274-5 VL - 82 IS - 4 SN - 0145-5613, 0145-5613 KW - Index Medicus KW - National Library of Medicine KW - Diagnosis, Differential KW - *Encephalocele: radiography KW - Encephalocele: surgery KW - Female KW - Humans KW - *Meningocele: radiography KW - Meningocele: surgery KW - Middle Aged KW - Neurosurgical Procedures: methods KW - *Skull Base: radiography KW - *Sphenoid Bone: radiography KW - *Temporal Lobe: radiography KW - Tomography, X-Ray Computed UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85369916?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ear%2C+nose%2C+%26+throat+journal&rft.atitle=Temporal+lobe+encephalocele+appearing+as+a+lytic+lesion+of+the+skull+base+and+pterygoid+process.&rft.au=Bolger%2C+William+E%3BReger%2C+Christine&rft.aulast=Bolger&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ear%2C+nose%2C+%26+throat+journal&rft.issn=01455613&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English (eng) DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2011-12-15 N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental regulation of plasticity in the forepaw representation of ferret somatosensory cortex. AN - 85269975; pmid-12686585 AB - This study characterized the spatiotemporal responses in ferret somatosensory cortex after sensory deprivation at different phases of cortical development. We hypothesized that cortical responses to stimulation of intact superficial radial nerve in adults will vary systematically according to maturation of thalamocortical relationships at the time of an ulnar nerve transection. Depending on the age of the animal at the time of the lesion, we found differential effects on the spatial distribution of the short- and long-latency components of the cortical response. In animals lesioned at postnatal days 5-7, when thalamic projections are not yet stabilized and layer 4 is not yet formed, we found that initial (short-latency) cortical responses are widespread and fragmented. Ulnar nerve transections performed at postnatal day 20 or 21, when thalamocortical afferents are more stabilized and layer 4 is clearly identifiable, yield moderate expansions in the distribution of short- and long-latency components of the cortical response. Nerve lesions in adults lead to a wider distribution of long-latency cortical activity. Neonatal lesions broaden the spatial distribution and increase the latency of the initial cortical response; interruption of nerve input in older juveniles alters both the early and later components; and nerve lesions in adult animals expand the distribution of later cortical activity only. These findings demonstrate correlation between developmental phase at the time sensory input is interrupted and the latency of affected components of the cortical response. This supports the hypothesis that differential response changes are regulated by functional reorganization of thalamocortical connections after neonatal lesions and alteration of corticocortical dynamics after adult lesions. JF - Journal of Neurophysiology AU - McLaughlin, Debra F AU - Juliano, Sharon L AD - Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and Program in Neuroscience, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA. PY - 2003 SP - 2289 EP - 2298 VL - 89 IS - 4 SN - 0022-3077, 0022-3077 KW - Somatosensory Cortex KW - Age Factors KW - Forelimb KW - Ferrets KW - Radial Nerve KW - Animal KW - Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. KW - Neuronal Plasticity KW - Denervation KW - Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory KW - Male KW - Female KW - Reaction Time KW - Brain Mapping UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85269975?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Neurophysiology&rft.atitle=Developmental+regulation+of+plasticity+in+the+forepaw+representation+of+ferret+somatosensory+cortex.&rft.au=McLaughlin%2C+Debra+F%3BJuliano%2C+Sharon+L&rft.aulast=McLaughlin&rft.aufirst=Debra&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2289&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Neurophysiology&rft.issn=00223077&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nonlinear effects of glutamate and KCl on glutamate toxicity in cultured rat cerebellar neurons. AN - 73461670; 12856478 AB - Nonlinear responses to toxin exposure have been observed in multiple cell types and organisms across a wide array of phyla. High dose toxin exposures inhibit or kill biological systems, while low dose exposures can stimulate survival mechanisms. We examined the effects of low (10(-3), 10(-5), 10(-7), and 10(-9) M) and ultra-low (10(-25) and 10(-61) M) KCl and glutamate pretreatment (72 h) against glutamate toxicity in rat cerebellar neurons. Ultra-low dilutions (10(-31), 10(-61), and 10(-401)) of an Arnica montana mother tincture were also investigated for their neuroprotective potentials. Viability was significantly enhanced in neurons pretreated with either 10(-3) M glutamate (10.6%) or 10(-9) M KCl (6.3%). None of the toxins evaluated displayed significant toxicity at the concentrations indicated. The protective effect of glutamate is likely mediated through activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, whereas low dose KCl might confer neuroprotection through enhanced alteration of Na+/K+ receptor dynamics. This is the first time high dose glutamate tolerance has been shown along with low dose KCl, and is consistent with previous reports demonstrating tolerance induced by low dose toxin exposure. JF - The International journal of neuroscience AU - Marotta, Diane AU - Marini, Ann AU - Banaudha, Krishna AU - Maharaj, Susan V M AU - Jonas, Wayne B AD - Samueli Institute for Information Biology, Program on Neuroprotection, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - April 2003 SP - 491 EP - 502 VL - 113 IS - 4 SN - 0020-7454, 0020-7454 KW - Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists KW - 0 KW - Neuroprotective Agents KW - Plant Extracts KW - Glutamic Acid KW - 3KX376GY7L KW - Potassium Chloride KW - 660YQ98I10 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Plant Extracts -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Random Allocation KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Nonlinear Dynamics KW - Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists -- pharmacology KW - Cell Death -- drug effects KW - Glutamic Acid -- administration & dosage KW - Glutamic Acid -- toxicity KW - Cerebellum -- cytology KW - Arnica KW - Cerebellum -- drug effects KW - Potassium Chloride -- pharmacology KW - Neuroprotective Agents -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73461670?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+International+journal+of+neuroscience&rft.atitle=Nonlinear+effects+of+glutamate+and+KCl+on+glutamate+toxicity+in+cultured+rat+cerebellar+neurons.&rft.au=Marotta%2C+Diane%3BMarini%2C+Ann%3BBanaudha%2C+Krishna%3BMaharaj%2C+Susan+V+M%3BJonas%2C+Wayne+B&rft.aulast=Marotta&rft.aufirst=Diane&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=491&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+International+journal+of+neuroscience&rft.issn=00207454&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-08-29 N1 - Date created - 2003-07-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Low-Dose Cadmium Exposure Reduces Human Prostate Cell Transformation in Culture and Up-Regulates Metallothionein and MT-1G mRNA. AN - 733324029; 19330122 AB - Chronic low-level exposure to environmental toxins, including cadmium (Cd), is a growing problem in the industrialized world. One promising strategy for protection from these toxins is the use of low-dose exposure of environmental chemicals to induce cell tolerance and recovery, a phenomenon known as "protective hormesis". Hormetic [low-dose stimulatory] effects occur in a variety of systems and with a number of chemicals. Cd is a potent carcinogen in rodents and has also been linked to human lung and prostate cancers. In the present study, we have evaluated the protective effects of low and ultra-low dose, long-term Cd exposure in the normal human prostate cells, RWPE-1. Cells were exposed to low and ultra-low doses (0, 0 (S(-36)), 10(-6), 10(-7), 10(-18), 10(-21), 10(-32), or 10(-36)M) of Cd for 20 weeks followed by treatment with 10(-5)M Cd for another 8 weeks. Continuous exposure of RWPE-1 cells to 10(-5)M Cd results in malignant transformation. However, cells pretreated with low and ultra-low doses of Cd had delayed transformation compared with controls. In addition, the number of transformed cell mounds was lower in pretreated cells indicating that low and ultra-low dose exposure had protective effects against high-dose Cd induced carcinogenesis. The expression of metallothionein (MT), the primary Cd detoxification protein, was induced by low-dose exposure to Cd and maintained during the 20 weeks. In addition, MT-1G mRNA was up-regulated 2- to 3-fold by low-dose and ultralow-dose Cd exposures and may be the mechanism of protective hormesis in this model. MT-1G mRNA might also serve as a biological indicator of very low-dose environmental Cd exposure. JF - Nonlinearity in biology, toxicology, medicine AU - Gaddipati, Jaya P AU - Rajeshkumar, N V AU - Grove, Jason C AU - Maharaj, Susan V M AU - Centeno, Jose A AU - Maheshwari, Radha K AU - Jonas, Wayne B AD - Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD; Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - April 2003 SP - 199 EP - 212 VL - 1 IS - 2 SN - 1540-1421, 1540-1421 KW - prostate KW - metallothionein (MT) KW - hormesis KW - Cd KW - ultra-low-dose KW - low dose UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/733324029?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nonlinearity+in+biology%2C+toxicology%2C+medicine&rft.atitle=Low-Dose+Cadmium+Exposure+Reduces+Human+Prostate+Cell+Transformation+in+Culture+and+Up-Regulates+Metallothionein+and+MT-1G+mRNA.&rft.au=Gaddipati%2C+Jaya+P%3BRajeshkumar%2C+N+V%3BGrove%2C+Jason+C%3BMaharaj%2C+Susan+V+M%3BCenteno%2C+Jose+A%3BMaheshwari%2C+Radha+K%3BJonas%2C+Wayne+B&rft.aulast=Gaddipati&rft.aufirst=Jaya&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nonlinearity+in+biology%2C+toxicology%2C+medicine&rft.issn=15401421&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2011-07-14 N1 - Date created - 2009-03-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Jul 15;89(14):6333-7 [1631128] Biochemistry. 1994 Jun 14;33(23):7250-9 [8003488] Genomics. 1990 Nov;8(3):513-8 [2286373] Ann Epidemiol. 1992 May;2(3):177-94 [1342271] Epidemiology. 1990 Mar;1(2):107-15 [2073496] Cancer Res. 1988 Aug 15;48(16):4503-8 [3396002] Environ Res. 1986 Apr;39(2):356-63 [3956462] Br J Ind Med. 1985 Aug;42(8):540-5 [4016005] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1990 Jun;30(2):71-83 [2192070] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1982 Oct;66(1):134-42 [7157381] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2003 Jan 1;186(1):1-6 [12583987] Toxicol Sci. 2003 Feb;71(2):246-50 [12563110] Prostate. 2002 Aug 1;52(3):236-44 [12111698] Crit Rev Toxicol. 2001 Jul;31(4-5):353-424 [11504172] Cancer Res. 2001 Jan 15;61(2):455-8 [11212230] Hum Exp Toxicol. 2000 Jul;19(7):420-30 [11002392] Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2000 Aug;32(8):895-903 [10940647] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2000 May 1;164(3):291-300 [10799339] South Med J. 2000 Apr;93(4):371-4 [10798504] Prostate. 2000 May 1;43(2):125-35 [10754528] J Appl Toxicol. 2000 Mar-Apr;20(2):93-101 [10715606] Environ Health Perspect. 2000 Jan;108(1):55-60 [10620524] Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 1999;39:267-94 [10331085] Occup Environ Med. 1998 Nov;55(11):755-9 [9924452] Drug Metab Rev. 1997 Feb-May;29(1-2):79-102 [9187512] Carcinogenesis. 1997 Jun;18(6):1225-31 [9214606] Carcinogenesis. 1997 Jun;18(6):1215-23 [9214605] J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1996 May;277(2):1026-33 [8627513] Toxicol Lett. 1996 Apr;85(1):17-27 [8619255] Biol Trace Elem Res. 1995 Aug-Sep;49(2-3):171-5 [8562285] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1994 Aug 2;1218(3):357-65 [8049263] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1991 Sep 1;110(2):327-35 [1891777] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thinking about New Security Paradigms AN - 60674698; 200407985 AB - Concludes an issue concerning the impact of the information technology revolution on the provision of US national security. The articles address three fundamental challenges: (1) ensuring democratic accountability in overseeing the actions involved in the war on terrorism; (2) the potential role of the private sector in providing for national security; & (3) balancing the need for security against the need to protect civil liberties. The author comments on the articles from the viewpoints of deterrence & crisis management; military strategy & organization; & democratic oversight & public-private cooperation. L. A. Hoffman JF - Contemporary Security Policy AU - Arquilla, John AD - Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - April 2003 SP - 209 EP - 225 VL - 24 IS - 1 SN - 1352-3260, 1352-3260 KW - Information Technology KW - Terrorism KW - Public Sector Private Sector Relations KW - War KW - Freedom KW - United States of America KW - National Security KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60674698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Contemporary+Security+Policy&rft.atitle=Thinking+about+New+Security+Paradigms&rft.au=Arquilla%2C+John&rft.aulast=Arquilla&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Contemporary+Security+Policy&rft.issn=13523260&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - CNSPEG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United States of America; Information Technology; Terrorism; War; National Security; Public Sector Private Sector Relations; Freedom ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S. Policy on Preventive War and Preemption AN - 60663053; 200401693 AB - Examines how the concepts of deterrence, preventive war, & preemption are utilized in current US policy papers & specifies the bases for the Bush administration's alternations of foreign & defense policy. The international legal framework on the use of force is outlined to point up the virtually impassible obstacles that would need to be overcome in order to justify preventive nuclear war. Strategic realities are then compared with the features of current policy espoused by both the administration & its opposition. K. Coddon JF - The Nonproliferation Review AU - Wirtz, James J AU - Russell, James A AD - Dept National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - April 2003 SP - 113 EP - 123 VL - 10 IS - 1 SN - 1073-6700, 1073-6700 KW - Defense Policy KW - International Law KW - Nuclear War KW - United States of America KW - Deterrence KW - Foreign Policy KW - article KW - 9061: international relations; international law KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60663053?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Nonproliferation+Review&rft.atitle=U.S.+Policy+on+Preventive+War+and+Preemption&rft.au=Wirtz%2C+James+J%3BRussell%2C+James+A&rft.aulast=Wirtz&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Nonproliferation+Review&rft.issn=10736700&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nuclear War; Deterrence; Foreign Policy; Defense Policy; United States of America; International Law ER - TY - JOUR T1 - United States Special Operations Forces and the War on Terrorism AN - 60655311; 200401929 AB - Those leading the war on terrorism have emphasized from the beginning that this war would be unlike other wars. Special Operations Forces (SOF) are military forces unlike other military forces. The implication is that SOF & the war on terrorism are thus made for each other. This contribution examines this assumption, the war on terrorism & SOF in greater detail. Adapted from the source document. JF - Small Wars and Insurgencies AU - Simons, Anna AU - Tucker, David AD - US Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - April 2003 SP - 77 EP - 91 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 0959-2318, 0959-2318 KW - counterterrorism KW - special forces KW - Terrorism KW - United States of America KW - Armed Forces KW - article KW - 9091: government/political systems; armed forces UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60655311?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Small+Wars+and+Insurgencies&rft.atitle=United+States+Special+Operations+Forces+and+the+War+on+Terrorism&rft.au=Simons%2C+Anna%3BTucker%2C+David&rft.aulast=Simons&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Small+Wars+and+Insurgencies&rft.issn=09592318&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Armed Forces; Terrorism; United States of America ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Death of Conquest AN - 60142337; 200315032 AB - Considers how the fact that the US has eschewed the traditional form of conquest in favor of lesser, capitalistic forms has resulted in unintended consequences, eg, Al-Qaeda's aims. A brief historiography of warfare illustrates the extreme disjuncture represented by US antipathy toward conquest. Ethnographic evidence on conquest (state) vs raiding (stateless) demonstrates the military superiority of states that employed the former social type of warfare. However, two ever more powerful advantages are held by stateless or nonstate -- read non-Western -- actors: (1) They know the West far better than the West knows them. (2) Those who do not ascribe to Western values are not held by Western conventions or constraints; eg, the use of child soldiers, suicide bombers, ethnic cleansing, & the anonymous killing of civilians. It is argued that the US has not learned from the tactics of non-Western peoples, while they, in turn, have learned quite well the ways of others including the West, eg, Al-Qaeda. Further, the US aversion to invasion has tied the nation to the point that its power is delegated to trusted locals. Contending that all armies are institutionally geared for conquest, the post-Cold War loss of focus for the US Army is viewed as problematic in light of the emergent consequences of the anti-conquest ideology. J. Zendejas JF - National Interest AU - Simons, Anna AD - Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - April 2003 SP - 41 EP - 49 IS - 71 SN - 0884-9382, 0884-9382 KW - East and West KW - State Power KW - Islam KW - War KW - Imperialism KW - Western Civilization KW - United States of America KW - Invasion KW - Territoriality KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60142337?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Interest&rft.atitle=The+Death+of+Conquest&rft.au=Simons%2C+Anna&rft.aulast=Simons&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=71&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=National+Interest&rft.issn=08849382&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-10-30 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Imperialism; Invasion; State Power; War; East and West; United States of America; Western Civilization; Islam; Territoriality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Observations of bed level change in a saturated surf zone AN - 51813250; 2004-061820 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Saulter, A N AU - Russell, P E AU - Gallagher, E L AU - Miles, J R Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - April 2003 SP - 15 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 108 IS - C4 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - Western Europe KW - surf zones KW - sediment transport KW - elevation KW - geophysical methods KW - Europe KW - altimetry KW - nearshore environment KW - bedforms KW - measurement KW - acoustical methods KW - marine sediments KW - intertidal environment KW - Egmond aan Zee Netherlands KW - ocean waves KW - sediments KW - hydrodynamics KW - coastal environment KW - North Sea KW - North Atlantic KW - Netherlands KW - sonar methods KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51813250?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Observations+of+bed+level+change+in+a+saturated+surf+zone&rft.au=Saulter%2C+A+N%3BRussell%2C+P+E%3BGallagher%2C+E+L%3BMiles%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Saulter&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=C4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2000JC000684 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sect., geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acoustical methods; altimetry; Atlantic Ocean; bedforms; coastal environment; Egmond aan Zee Netherlands; elevation; Europe; geophysical methods; hydrodynamics; intertidal environment; marine sediments; measurement; nearshore environment; Netherlands; North Atlantic; North Sea; ocean waves; sediment transport; sediments; sonar methods; surf zones; Western Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000JC000684 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - How realistic is the high-frequency signal of a 0.1 degrees resolution ocean model? AN - 51813095; 2004-061823 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Tokmakian, Robin AU - McClean, Julie L Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - April 2003 SP - 14 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 108 IS - C4 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - United States KW - ocean circulation KW - time series analysis KW - elevation KW - statistical analysis KW - Gulf Stream KW - altimetry KW - satellite methods KW - Atlantic County New Jersey KW - measurement KW - models KW - wavelets KW - ocean waves KW - coastal environment KW - New Jersey KW - sea-surface temperature KW - North Atlantic KW - Atlantic City New Jersey KW - winds KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - TOPEX/POSEIDON KW - remote sensing KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51813095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=How+realistic+is+the+high-frequency+signal+of+a+0.1+degrees+resolution+ocean+model%3F&rft.au=Tokmakian%2C+Robin%3BMcClean%2C+Julie+L&rft.aulast=Tokmakian&rft.aufirst=Robin&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=C4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002JC001446 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - altimetry; Atlantic City New Jersey; Atlantic County New Jersey; Atlantic Ocean; coastal environment; elevation; Gulf Stream; measurement; models; New Jersey; North Atlantic; ocean circulation; ocean waves; remote sensing; satellite methods; sea-surface temperature; statistical analysis; time series analysis; TOPEX/POSEIDON; United States; wavelets; winds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002JC001446 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dendritic cells, new tools for vaccination AN - 20945998; 8513904 AB - Our rapidly expanding knowledge of the biology of the dendritic cell (DC), a major antigen-presenting cell connecting innate and adaptive immunity, suggests new possibilities for the development of vaccines and therapeutic strategies against pathogens, through the manipulation of their function in vivo, or the injection of the DC itself, once properly instructed ex vivo. JF - Microbes and Infection AU - Colino, Jesus AU - Snapper, Clifford M AD - Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA, csnapper@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - Apr 2003 SP - 311 EP - 319 PB - Editions Scientifiques et Medicales Elsevier, 23 rue Linois 75724 Paris cedex 15 France, [URL:http://www.elsevier.fr] VL - 5 IS - 4 SN - 1286-4579, 1286-4579 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts KW - Vaccines KW - Immunotherapy KW - Dendritic cells KW - Reviews KW - Antigen-presenting cells KW - Pathogens KW - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20945998?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbes+and+Infection&rft.atitle=Dendritic+cells%2C+new+tools+for+vaccination&rft.au=Colino%2C+Jesus%3BSnapper%2C+Clifford+M&rft.aulast=Colino&rft.aufirst=Jesus&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=311&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbes+and+Infection&rft.issn=12864579&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1286-4579%2803%2900033-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Dendritic cells; Reviews; Vaccines; Pathogens; Antigen-presenting cells DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1286-4579(03)00033-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Yellowstone after Wolves AN - 18923911; 5627090 AB - With gray wolves restored to Yellowstone National Park, this ecosystem once again supports the full native array of large ungulates and their attendant large carnivores. We consider the possible ecological implications of wolf restoration in the context of another national park, Isle Royale, where wolves restored themselves a half-century ago. At Isle Royale, where resident mammals are relatively few, wolves completely eliminated coyotes and went on to influence moose population dynamics, which had implications for forest growth and composition. At Yellowstone, we predict that wolf restoration will have similar effects to a degree, reducing elk and coyote density. As at Isle Royale, Yellowstone plant communities will be affected, as will mesocarnivores, but to what degree is as yet undetermined. At Yellowstone, ecosystem response to the arrival of the wolf will take decades to unfold, and we argue that comprehensive ecological research and monitoring should be an essential long-term component of the management of Yellowstone National Park. JF - Bioscience AU - Smith, D W AU - Peterson, RO AU - Houston, D B AD - Yellowstone Center for Resources, Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming, WY, USA, doug_smith@nps.gov Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - Apr 2003 SP - 330 EP - 340 VL - 53 IS - 4 SN - 0006-3568, 0006-3568 KW - Gray wolf KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Wildlife management KW - USA KW - Carnivores KW - Environmental restoration KW - Conservation KW - Population dynamics KW - Canis lupus KW - D 04700:Management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18923911?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioscience&rft.atitle=Yellowstone+after+Wolves&rft.au=Smith%2C+D+W%3BPeterson%2C+RO%3BHouston%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=330&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioscience&rft.issn=00063568&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Canis lupus; USA; Conservation; Carnivores; Environmental restoration; Population dynamics; Wildlife management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An assessment of a Galapagos Rail population over thirteen years (1986 to 2000) AN - 18920625; 5656219 AB - The Galapagos Rail (Laterallus spilonotus) is endemic to the Galapagos Archipelago and little is known of its current status or population trends. In 2000, we surveyed 280 points in the largest population, on Santa Cruz Island, using call broadcast methods identical to those used in a baseline survey of the same area in 1986. The probability of detecting rails at sample points declined from 36% to 27% between surveys. An invasive woody plant, Cinchona succirubra, was not detected in 1986 yet was present at nearly three-fourths of survey points in 2000 and was avoided by rails in 2000. We recommend that future research and monitoring be conducted to determine the importance of Cinchona removal programs for maintaining this largest of populations of the Galapagos Rail.Original Abstract: Evaluacion a lo largo de 13 anos (1986-2000) de una poblacion de Laterallus spilonotus en las Galapagos Laterallus spilonotuses un ralido endemico a los Galapagos del cual se conoce muy poco sobre su estatus poblacional. En el 2000 examinamos 280 puntos utilizando el metodo de llamadas de forma identica a la informacion de base que se tomo en el area en 1986. El estudio se hizo en la isla de Santacruz donde se encuentra la mas grande poblacion de esta especie. La probabilidad de detectar aves en los puntos de conteo se redujo de 36% a 27%. En el 1986 no se detecto a Cinchoa succirubra, planta invasiva encontrada en los puntos de monitoree la poblacion de aves y se determine la importancia del programa para la remocion de Cinchona. JF - Journal of Field Ornithology AU - Gibbs, J P AU - Shriver, W G AU - Vargas, H AD - State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, New York 13210, greg_shriver@nps.gov Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - April 2003 SP - 136 EP - 140 PB - Association of Field Ornithologists VL - 74 IS - 2 SN - 0273-8570, 0273-8570 KW - Cinchona succirubra KW - Galapagos rail KW - Population status KW - invasive plants KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts KW - Oceanic islands KW - Volcanic islands KW - Laterallus spilonotus KW - Abundance KW - Population dynamics KW - Ecuador, Galapagos Is. KW - Cinchona pubescens KW - Endemic species KW - Interspecific relationships KW - Ecuador, Galapagos Is., Santa Cruz I. KW - Introduced species KW - Aquatic birds KW - Population number KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - D 04671:Birds KW - Q1 08361:General KW - Q1 08442:Population dynamics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18920625?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Field+Ornithology&rft.atitle=An+assessment+of+a+Galapagos+Rail+population+over+thirteen+years+%281986+to+2000%29&rft.au=Gibbs%2C+J+P%3BShriver%2C+W+G%3BVargas%2C+H&rft.aulast=Gibbs&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=136&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Field+Ornithology&rft.issn=02738570&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0273-8570%282003%2974%28136%3AAAOAGR%292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oceanic islands; Endemic species; Volcanic islands; Interspecific relationships; Introduced species; Population dynamics; Aquatic birds; Population number; Abundance; Population status; Laterallus spilonotus; Cinchona pubescens; Ecuador, Galapagos Is., Santa Cruz I.; Ecuador, Galapagos Is. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0273-8570(2003)74(136:AAOAGR)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Additive Effect of Smoking and Cotton Dust Exposure on Respiratory Symptoms and Pulmonary Function of Cotton Textile Workers AN - 18777954; 5642265 AB - One hundred and sixty-nine and 175 cotton textile workers (CTWs) were enrolled in the first (1991) and second (1996) surveys to investigate the prevalence of byssinosis. The synergistic effect of smoking on cotton dust exposure was also evaluated. Although the difference in prevalence of abnormal pulmonary function between the first (38.5%) and second study (38.9%) was not statistically significant, smokers had significantly higher frequency than nonsmokers in both surveys. A significant trend existed between the cotton dust levels and the frequency of abnormal lung function. The significant trend was also noted in both smokers and nonsmokers. The frequency of respiratory symptoms and the prevalence of severe byssinosis in the second survey (14.9% and 12.6%, respectively) were significantly lower than that in the first survey (39.7% and 21.9%, respectively). The reduction of symptoms was due to remodeling of this old cotton mill. The prevalences of respiratory symptoms and byssinosis in smokers being significantly higher than in nonsmokers only found in the first survey, but not found in the second survey. These results indicate that smoking potentiates the effect of cotton dust exposure on respiratory symptoms and byssinosis. The second study reveals high prevalence of byssinosis still existed in Taiwanese cotton mill, although the prevalence was declining. Smoking was found to show an additive effect on cotton dust exposure. Anti-smoking campaign, occupational health program to reduce the dust exposure, and periodical medical examination are measures to prevent from byssinosis. JF - Industrial Health AU - Su, Yih-Ming AU - Su, Jenn-Rong AU - Sheu, Jia-Yih AU - Loh, Ching-Hui AU - Liou, Saou-Hsing AD - School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, National Defense University, 161 Ming-Chun East Rd, Sec. 6, Nei-Hu, Taipei, Taiwan, 114, R.O.C. Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - Apr 2003 SP - 109 EP - 115 VL - 41 IS - 2 SN - 0019-8366, 0019-8366 KW - byssinosis KW - man KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18777954?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Industrial+Health&rft.atitle=Additive+Effect+of+Smoking+and+Cotton+Dust+Exposure+on+Respiratory+Symptoms+and+Pulmonary+Function+of+Cotton+Textile+Workers&rft.au=Su%2C+Yih-Ming%3BSu%2C+Jenn-Rong%3BSheu%2C+Jia-Yih%3BLoh%2C+Ching-Hui%3BLiou%2C+Saou-Hsing&rft.aulast=Su&rft.aufirst=Yih-Ming&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Industrial+Health&rft.issn=00198366&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Female Prisoners' Preferences of Collection Methods for Testing for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infection AN - 18769683; 5636261 AB - Background: There is an increasing reliance on noninvasive techniques to collect specimens for the detection of sexually transmitted infections. The acceptability of these methods among the general population has been explored, but little is known about their acceptability among women confined in prison. Goal: The goal was to compare female prisoners' preferences for collection of specimens (self-collected vaginal swab specimens, urine collection, or pelvic examination) for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Study Design: A cross-section of inmates in a large federal prison provided urine samples and self-collected vaginal swab specimens. Women then completed a questionnaire regarding the ease of each method and their preferences for future specimen collection. Results: A total of 535 women between the ages of 18 and 52 years (median = 33) participated in the study. More than half of the participants (57%) reported no difference between urine and swab in terms of ease of collection. Approximately 30% of participants said they would prefer to give a swab specimen in the future rather than collect urine (21%), but nearly half of the women expressed no preference for one method over the other. Most participants (60%) expressed a preference for providing a self-collected swab specimen rather than having a pelvic examination (23%), but nearly 17% expressed a preference for one over the other. Conclusion: The study population of female federal prisoners expressed no aversion to the self-collection of either vaginal swab or urine specimens for STD testing. A majority of participants expressed a preference for noninvasive techniques rather than a pelvic examination. JF - Sexually Transmitted Diseases AU - Newman, S B AU - Nelson, M B AU - Gaydos, CA AU - Friedman, H B AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - Apr 2003 SP - 306 EP - 309 VL - 30 IS - 4 KW - collection methods KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02849:Sexually-transmitted diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18769683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sexually+Transmitted+Diseases&rft.atitle=Female+Prisoners%27+Preferences+of+Collection+Methods+for+Testing+for+Chlamydia+trachomatis+and+Neisseria+gonorrhoeae+Infection&rft.au=Newman%2C+S+B%3BNelson%2C+M+B%3BGaydos%2C+CA%3BFriedman%2C+H+B&rft.aulast=Newman&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=306&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sexually+Transmitted+Diseases&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Urbanization and Habitat Fragmentation on Bobcats and Coyotes in Southern California AN - 18718337; 5603326 AB - Urbanization and habitat fragmentation are major threats to wildlife populations, especially mammalian carnivores. We studied the ecology and behavior of bobcats ( Lynx rufus ) and coyotes ( Canis latrans ) relative to development in a fragmented landscape in southern California from 1996 to 2000. We captured and radiocollared 50 bobcats and 86 coyotes, determined home ranges for 35 bobcats and 40 coyotes, and measured their exposure to development ( 'urban association' ) as the percentage of each home range composed of developed or modified areas. Both species occupied predominantly natural home ranges. Adult female bobcats had low levels of urban association, significantly lower than coyotes, adult male bobcats, and young female bobcats. Home-range size was positively correlated with urban association for coyotes and adult male and young female bobcats, suggesting that human-dominated areas were less suitable than natural areas in some important way. Animals more associated with non-natural areas had higher levels of night activity, and both bobcats and coyotes were more likely to be in developed areas at night than during the day. Survival rates were relatively high and were not related to urban association, at least for animals>6-9 months of age. Mortality rates from human-related causes such as vehicle collisions and incidental poisoning were also independent of urban association. In this region, even the few animals that had almost no human development within their home range were vulnerable to human-related mortality. Carnivore conservation in urban landscapes must account for these mortality sources that influence the entire landscape, including reserves. For bobcats, preserving open space of sufficient quantity and quality for adult females is necessary for population viability. Educating local residents about carnivores is also critical for conserving populations in urban areas.Original Abstract: La urbanizacion y la fragmentacion del habitat son las amenazas mas grandes para las poblaciones de animales silvestres, especialmente de mamiferos carnivoros. Estudiamos la ecologia y conducta de gatos silvestres ( Lynx rufus ) y coyotes ( Canis latrans ) en relacion al desarrollo en un paisaje fragmentado del sur de California entre 1996 y 2000. Capturamos y colocamos collares de radiotelemetria en 50 gatos silvestres y 86 coyotes, y determinamos los rangos de hogar para 35 gatos y 40 coyotes y medimos su exposicion al desarrollo urbano ( 'asociacion urbana' ) como el porcentaje de cada rango de hogar compuesto por areas desarrolladas o modificadas. Ambas especies ocuparon rangos de hogar naturales en su mayoria. Las hembras adultas de gatos silvestres mostraron niveles bajos de asociacion urbana, significativamente menores que los coyotes, los machos adultos y las hembras jovenes de gatos silvestres, lo cual sugiere que estas areas dominadas por humanos fueron notablemente menos adecuadas que las areas naturales. Los animales mas estrechamente asociados con areas no naturales, gatos adultos machos y coyotes, tienen niveles mas altos de actividad nocturna y mayor probabilidad de ocupar areas urbanizadas durante la noche que durante el dia. Las tasas de supervivencia fueron relativamente altas y no se relacionaban con la asociacion urbana, al menos para animales>6-9 meses de edad. Las tasas de mortalidad por causas relacionadas con la poblacion humana, tales como el atropellamiento por vehiculos y el envenenamiento accidental tambien fueron independientes del desarrollo urbano. En esta region, los pocos animales que casi no incluian areas urbanizadas en sus rangos de hogar, eran vulnerables a la mortalidad causada por humanos. La conservacion de carnivoros en paisajes urbanos debe tomar en cuenta estas fuentes de mortalidad que afectan a todo el paisaje, incluyendo las reservas. Para la preservacion de la viabilidad poblacional de gatos silvestres, hace falta conservar suficiente espacio abierto de calidad para hembras adultas. Es tambien de importancia crucial educar a los residentes locales sobre los carnivoros para conservar poblaciones en areas urbanas. JF - Conservation Biology AU - Riley, S P AU - Sauvajot, R M AU - Fuller, T K AU - York, E C AU - Kamradt, DA AU - Bromley, C AU - Wayne, R K AD - Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area , 401 West Hillcrest Dr., Thousand Oaks, CA 91360, U.S.A., seth_riley@nps.gov Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - Apr 2003 SP - 566 EP - 576 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 17 IS - 2 SN - 0888-8892, 0888-8892 KW - Bobcat KW - Coyote KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04705:Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18718337?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Conservation+Biology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Urbanization+and+Habitat+Fragmentation+on+Bobcats+and+Coyotes+in+Southern+California&rft.au=Riley%2C+S+P%3BSauvajot%2C+R+M%3BFuller%2C+T+K%3BYork%2C+E+C%3BKamradt%2C+DA%3BBromley%2C+C%3BWayne%2C+R+K&rft.aulast=Riley&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=566&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Conservation+Biology&rft.issn=08888892&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1523-1739.2003.01458.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.2003.01458.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pilot evaluation of summer flounder stock enhancement potential using experimental ecology AN - 18808183; 5678721 AB - Stock enhancement is receiving increasing attention as a management tool to rebuild depleted fisheries. Unfortunately, proactive studies addressing the potential of stock enhancement to accomplish management goals prior to the implementation of enhancement efforts are uncommon. We outline an ecologically based, pilot protocol with which to address the potential of fisheries stock enhancement using hatchery-reared (HR) organisms, through trial releases coupled with laboratory and field experiments with juvenile summer flounder Paralichthys dentatus. Released HR fish did not persist in nursery habitats in which wild fish enjoyed relatively long residence times and high survival. Multiple lines of observations and evidence suggest that the relatively rapid disappearance of released HR fish was not a result of emigration. Caging and tethering trials, coupled with previously obtained behavioral data, suggest that the poor performance of HR fish in this study was a result of increased susceptibility to predation-induced mortality, as compared with wild fish. These results suggest that post-release survival of HR summer flounder might be increased by (1) improving methods of predator-conditioning, (2) releasing HR fish in sites that serve as natural refuges from predators, or (3) releasing fish at larger sizes. While poor post-release survival of HR summer flounder may limit the success of stock enhancement efforts with this species, we suggest that conclusions regarding the potential of stock enhancement as a management tool can only be made if biological information is coupled with economic information to predict economic costs associated with stock enhancement relative to costs associated with alternative management approaches. JF - Marine Ecology Progress Series AU - Kellison, G T AU - Eggleston, D B AU - Taylor, J C AU - Burke, J S AU - Osborne, JA AD - National Park Service/Biscayne National Park, 9700 SW 328th Street, Homestead, Florida 33033-5634, USA, todd_kellison@nps.gov Y1 - 2003/03/26/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Mar 26 SP - 263 EP - 278 PB - Inter-Research VL - 250 SN - 0171-8630, 0171-8630 KW - Summer flounder KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04700:Management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18808183?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.atitle=Pilot+evaluation+of+summer+flounder+stock+enhancement+potential+using+experimental+ecology&rft.au=Kellison%2C+G+T%3BEggleston%2C+D+B%3BTaylor%2C+J+C%3BBurke%2C+J+S%3BOsborne%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Kellison&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2003-03-26&rft.volume=250&rft.issue=&rft.spage=263&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.issn=01718630&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Volatile organic compounds produced during irradiation of mail. AN - 73195425; 12688843 AB - In 2001, Bacillus anthracis spores were delivered through the United States postal system in a series of bioterrorist acts. Controls proposed for this threat included sanitization with high-energy electrons. Solid phase microextraction was used with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for field sampling and analysis of volatile compounds apparently produced from polymeric materials such as cellulose and plastics, immediately following processing of mail at a commercial irradiation facility. Solid phase microextraction and direct sampling of air into a cryogenically cooled temperature programmable inlet were used in the laboratory for gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of air in contact with irradiated mail, envelopes only (packaged identically to mail), and air inside irradiated plastic mail packaging bags (with neither mail nor envelopes). Irradiated mail or envelope systems produced hydrocarbons such as propane, butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, methylpentanes, and benzene; and oxygen-containing compounds such as acetaldehyde, acrolein, propionaldehyde, furan, 2-methylfuran, methanol, acetone, 2-butanone, and ethanol. In addition to hydrocarbons, methyl and ethyl nitrate were detected in irradiated bags that contained only air, suggesting reactive nitrogen species formed from air irradiation reacted with hydroxy-containing compounds to give nitro esters. The similarities of volatile compounds in irradiated systems containing paper to those observed by researchers studying cellulose pyrolysis suggests common depolymerization and degradation mechanisms in each case. These similarities should guide additional work to examine irradiated mail for chemical compounds not detectable by methods used here. JF - AIHA journal : a journal for the science of occupational and environmental health and safety AU - Smith, Philip A AU - Sheely, Michael V AU - Hakspiel, Shelly J AU - Miller, Stephen AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA. PY - 2003 SP - 189 EP - 195 VL - 64 IS - 2 SN - 1542-8117, 1542-8117 KW - Organic Chemicals KW - 0 KW - Polymers KW - Cellulose KW - 9004-34-6 KW - Index Medicus KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry KW - Volatilization KW - Organic Chemicals -- analysis KW - Anthrax -- prevention & control KW - Radiation KW - Postal Service KW - Infection Control KW - Bioterrorism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73195425?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AIHA+journal+%3A+a+journal+for+the+science+of+occupational+and+environmental+health+and+safety&rft.atitle=Volatile+organic+compounds+produced+during+irradiation+of+mail.&rft.au=Smith%2C+Philip+A%3BSheely%2C+Michael+V%3BHakspiel%2C+Shelly+J%3BMiller%2C+Stephen&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIHA+journal+%3A+a+journal+for+the+science+of+occupational+and+environmental+health+and+safety&rft.issn=15428117&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-07-15 N1 - Date created - 2003-04-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modulation of epileptiform burst frequency by the metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype mGluR3. AN - 73179966; 12694929 AB - Spontaneous epileptiform burst activity occurs in acute hippocampal slice dentate granule cells perfused with 10mM potassium and 0.5mM calcium [J. Neurophys. 68 (1992) 2016]. We report that activation of the group II metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 3 (mGluR3) induces an increase in spontaneous burst duration, whereas inhibition of mGluR3 reversibly reduces spontaneous burst frequency. Neither activation, nor inhibition, of group II mGluR had any effects on spontaneous negative dc shifts, or the number of spikes per burst, as compared to control. We conclude that mGluR3 can modulate high potassium, low calcium-induced spontaneous epileptiform burst activity in acute rat hippocampal slice dentate granule cells. JF - Epilepsy research AU - Lea, Paul M AU - Sarvey, John M AD - Department of Physiology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 207 EP - 215 VL - 53 IS - 3 SN - 0920-1211, 0920-1211 KW - Anticonvulsants KW - 0 KW - Cyclopropanes KW - Dipeptides KW - Glutamates KW - Protein Isoforms KW - Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate KW - metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 KW - alpha-ethylglutamic acid KW - 1119-33-1 KW - 2-(2,3-dicarboxycyclopropyl)glycine KW - 147782-19-2 KW - isospaglumic acid KW - 1W8M12WXYL KW - Potassium KW - RWP5GA015D KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Glycine KW - TE7660XO1C KW - Index Medicus KW - Osmolar Concentration KW - Animals KW - Perfusion KW - Calcium -- administration & dosage KW - Cyclopropanes -- pharmacology KW - Protein Isoforms -- pharmacology KW - Electrophysiology KW - Rats KW - Anticonvulsants -- pharmacology KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Cerebrospinal Fluid -- chemistry KW - Glutamates -- pharmacology KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Potassium -- administration & dosage KW - Dipeptides -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - Epilepsy -- physiopathology KW - Dentate Gyrus -- drug effects KW - Glycine -- pharmacology KW - Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate -- agonists KW - Glycine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Dentate Gyrus -- physiopathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73179966?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Epilepsy+research&rft.atitle=Modulation+of+epileptiform+burst+frequency+by+the+metabotropic+glutamate+receptor+subtype+mGluR3.&rft.au=Lea%2C+Paul+M%3BSarvey%2C+John+M&rft.aulast=Lea&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Epilepsy+research&rft.issn=09201211&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-07-07 N1 - Date created - 2003-04-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identifying new diseases and their causes: the dilemma of illnesses in Gulf War veterans. AN - 73167623; 12685682 AB - Since the Gulf War, investigation continues of symptoms and illnesses among its veterans. Yet, identifying a specific "Gulf War Syndrome" remains elusive. With new disease entities, causal associations are relatively easily established when the condition is serious, verifiable, and has excess disease rates in specific groups. In common conditions, many excess cases are required to establish association with a specific exposure. Establishing causality in syndromes with variable symptoms is difficult because specific diagnostic algorithms must be established before causal factors can be properly investigated. Searching for an environmental cause is futile in the absence of an operational disease case definition. Common subjective symptoms (without objective physical or laboratory findings) account for over one-half of all medical outpatient visits, yet these symptoms lack an identified physical cause at least one-third of the time. Our medical care system has difficulty dealing with disorders where there is no identified anatomic abnormality or documented metabolic/physiological dysfunction. JF - Military medicine AU - Gardner, John W AU - Gibbons, Robert V AU - Hooper, Tomoko I AU - Cunnion, Stephen O AU - Kroenke, Kurt AU - Gackstetter, Gary D AD - Department of Preventive Medicine & Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. john.gardner@deploymenthealth.osd.mil Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 186 EP - 193 VL - 168 IS - 3 SN - 0026-4075, 0026-4075 KW - Index Medicus KW - Epidemiologic Methods KW - Humans KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Stress, Psychological -- complications KW - Warfare KW - Causality KW - Veterans -- psychology KW - Persian Gulf Syndrome -- epidemiology KW - Persian Gulf Syndrome -- etiology KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Morbidity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73167623?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Military+medicine&rft.atitle=Identifying+new+diseases+and+their+causes%3A+the+dilemma+of+illnesses+in+Gulf+War+veterans.&rft.au=Gardner%2C+John+W%3BGibbons%2C+Robert+V%3BHooper%2C+Tomoko+I%3BCunnion%2C+Stephen+O%3BKroenke%2C+Kurt%3BGackstetter%2C+Gary+D&rft.aulast=Gardner&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=168&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=186&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Military+medicine&rft.issn=00264075&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-05-20 N1 - Date created - 2003-04-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Clinical and workplace factors associated with a return to modified duty in work-related upper extremity disorders. AN - 73079209; 12620596 AB - Return to work following treatment for a work-related upper extremity disorder (WRUED) is affected by a variety of medical, workplace, and personal factors, and returning to modified duty may ease the transition to normal work activities. This study surveyed 165 federal government employees (127 females, 38 males) who were unable to resume their normal work after filing a workers' compensation claim for a WRUED (<90 days from claim filing) and who volunteered for a randomized study of alternative case management strategies. Before randomization, participants completed a baseline survey of upper extremity (UE) symptoms, functional limitations, and workplace factors. At baseline, 58 participants (35%) were working modified duty and 107 participants (65%) were not working. Compared with participants working modified duty, those who were not working were more likely to report: (a). a diagnosis of mononeuropathy, odds ratio (OR)=3.16 (95% confidence interval (CI)=1.37-7.14) versus enthesopathy, (b). higher pain ratings, OR=1.43 (95% CI=1.01-2.01), (c). greater functional limitations, OR=1.63 (95% CI=1.11-2.38), and (d). higher level of ergonomic stressors, OR=1.62 (95% CI=1.09-2.43) in a multivariable logistic regression. Measures of high risk work styles (fast pace and working despite pain) were associated with greater perceptions of ergonomic exposure, but not with work status. The model had 87.9% sensitivity and 43.1% specificity to correctly classify those not working (overall classification 72.1% correct). The results suggest that modified duty for workers with persistent WRUEDs may be enhanced by assessing perceived functional limitation and ergonomic exposure as well as the type and severity of symptoms. JF - Pain AU - Feuerstein, Michael AU - Shaw, William S AU - Lincoln, Andrew E AU - Miller, Virginia I AU - Wood, Patricia M AD - Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Georgetown University Medical Center,4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. mfeuerstein@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 51 EP - 61 VL - 102 IS - 1-2 SN - 0304-3959, 0304-3959 KW - Index Medicus KW - Regression Analysis KW - Prejudice KW - Occupational Health KW - Human Engineering KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Surveys and Questionnaires KW - Workers' Compensation KW - Male KW - Female KW - Cumulative Trauma Disorders -- rehabilitation KW - Problem Solving KW - Multivariate Analysis KW - Arm Injuries -- epidemiology KW - Inservice Training KW - Disability Evaluation KW - Occupational Diseases -- rehabilitation KW - Occupational Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Workplace KW - Arm Injuries -- rehabilitation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73079209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pain&rft.atitle=Clinical+and+workplace+factors+associated+with+a+return+to+modified+duty+in+work-related+upper+extremity+disorders.&rft.au=Feuerstein%2C+Michael%3BShaw%2C+William+S%3BLincoln%2C+Andrew+E%3BMiller%2C+Virginia+I%3BWood%2C+Patricia+M&rft.aulast=Feuerstein&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pain&rft.issn=03043959&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-07-02 N1 - Date created - 2003-03-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Emergency department attendances associated with drug-related problems in paediatrics. AN - 73050981; 12603801 AB - To determine the frequency and characteristics of paediatric emergency department attendances associated with drug-related problems (DRP) at three Victorian hospitals. All paediatric medical patients attending the emergency department of the Royal Children's Hospital, Geelong Hospital or Box Hill Hospital were considered for inclusion. The investigator and attending medical practitioners screened eligible patients. A multidisciplinary panel reviewed collated data. Causality, preventability and clinical significance classifications were established by the panel. Combining data from the three hospitals, over 18 weeks of data collection, a total of 8601 patients met the eligibility criteria. Of these, 280 (3.3%, 95% CI 2.9-3.7%) were determined to have emergency department attendances associated with DRP. Of the 187 cases assessed for preventability, 51.3% were judged to be preventable. Emergency department attendances are associated with DRP in paediatrics. Given that the need to prevent DRP in adults is recognized, it is now time to act to reduce the consequences of DRP in paediatrics. JF - Journal of paediatrics and child health AU - Easton-Carter, K L AU - Chapman, C B AU - Brien, J E AD - Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. keastoncarter@nps.org.au Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 124 EP - 129 VL - 39 IS - 2 SN - 1034-4810, 1034-4810 KW - Pharmaceutical Preparations KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Pharmaceutical Preparations -- administration & dosage KW - Hospitals, Teaching -- utilization KW - Causality KW - Probability KW - Drug Interactions KW - Victoria -- epidemiology KW - Humans KW - Chi-Square Distribution KW - Food-Drug Interactions KW - Child KW - Medication Errors KW - Risk Assessment KW - Child, Preschool KW - Hospitals, Pediatric -- utilization KW - Risk Factors KW - Confidence Intervals KW - Hospital Costs KW - Adolescent KW - Direct Service Costs KW - Statistics, Nonparametric KW - Male KW - Female KW - Self Medication -- adverse effects KW - Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions KW - Patient Admission -- statistics & numerical data KW - Emergency Service, Hospital -- utilization KW - Emergency Service, Hospital -- economics KW - Drug Utilization Review KW - Patient Admission -- economics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73050981?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+paediatrics+and+child+health&rft.atitle=Emergency+department+attendances+associated+with+drug-related+problems+in+paediatrics.&rft.au=Easton-Carter%2C+K+L%3BChapman%2C+C+B%3BBrien%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Easton-Carter&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=124&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+paediatrics+and+child+health&rft.issn=10344810&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-07-01 N1 - Date created - 2003-02-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Islam and Attitudes toward U.S. Policy in the Middle East: Evidence from Survey Research in Lebanon AN - 60549996; 200319017 AB - This study examines the impact of religious orientation on attitudes toward US Middle Eastern policy among Muslim Lebanese. The data came from a stratified random sample, consisting of 262 Sunni & Shi'i respondents of both genders, conducted in the Greater Beirut area during Feb & Mar 2002. Consistent with the literature about Islamism, the present analysis reveals an empirical distinction between personal & political dimensions of religion in Lebanon. Specifically, support for political Islam is associated with unfavorable attitudes toward US policy in the region, but personal religiosity is unrelated to attitudes toward foreign policy. The study findings contribute in clarifying the debate that has been raging since the September 11 (2001) attacks, pitting Islam against the West & associating Islam with political violence. 7 Tables, 63 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Studies in Conflict & Terrorism AU - Haddad, Simon AD - Notre-Dame U, Lebanon shaddad@ndu.edu.lb Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 135 EP - 154 VL - 26 IS - 2 SN - 1057-610X, 1057-610X KW - East and West KW - Islam KW - Religion Politics Relationship KW - Political Attitudes KW - Lebanon KW - United States of America KW - Foreign Policy KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60549996?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Studies+in+Conflict+%26+Terrorism&rft.atitle=Islam+and+Attitudes+toward+U.S.+Policy+in+the+Middle+East%3A+Evidence+from+Survey+Research+in+Lebanon&rft.au=Haddad%2C+Simon&rft.aulast=Haddad&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Studies+in+Conflict+%26+Terrorism&rft.issn=1057610X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F10576100390145206 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - SCTREO N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lebanon; United States of America; Foreign Policy; Political Attitudes; Religion Politics Relationship; Islam; East and West DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10576100390145206 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Searching for a Post Saddam Regional Security Architecture AN - 59942550; 200505603 AB - There has been a great deal of discussion and controversy over U.S. policy toward Iraq and what that country's future might -- or should -- be. Yet one important neglected issue is how an altered Iraq might affect regional security in the Persian Gulf and in what ways a post-Saddam Gulf might be made more stable and secure. This article discusses past U.S. policy toward the area and proposes ideas for future efforts to promote regional peace and prosperity. Adapted from the source document. JF - MERIA: Middle East Review of International Affairs AU - Russell, James A AD - National Security Affairs Dept, Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 23 EP - 37 VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1565-8996, 1565-8996 KW - Security KW - United States of America KW - Security Policy KW - Stability KW - Middle East KW - Iraq KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59942550?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MERIA%3A+Middle+East+Review+of+International+Affairs&rft.atitle=Searching+for+a+Post+Saddam+Regional+Security+Architecture&rft.au=Russell%2C+James+A&rft.aulast=Russell&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=MERIA%3A+Middle+East+Review+of+International+Affairs&rft.issn=15658996&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meria.idc.ac.il/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2009-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Security; Security Policy; Stability; United States of America; Iraq; Middle East ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutations in hns reduce the adherence of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli 091:H21 strain B2F1 to human colonic epithelial cells and increase the production of hemolysin AN - 18730516; 5613982 AB - Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) 091:H21 strain B2F1, an isolate from a patient with the hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), produces elastase-activatable Shiga toxin (Stx) type 2d and adheres well to human colonic epithelial T84 cells. This adherence phenotype occurs even though B2F1 does not contain the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) that encodes the primary adhesin for E. coli O157:H7. To attempt to identify genes involved in binding of B2F1 to T84 cells a bank of mini-Tn5phoACm super(r) transposon mutants of this strain was generated. Several of these mutants exhibited a reduced adherence phenotype, but none of the insertions in these mutants were within putative adhesin genes. Rather, insertional mutations within hns resulted in the loss of adherence. Moreover, the hns mutant also displayed an increase in the production of hemolysin and alkaline phosphatase and a loss of motility with no change in Stx2d-activatable expression levels. When B2F1 was cured of the large plasmid that encodes the hemolysin, the resulting strain adhered well to T84 cells. However, an hns mutant of the plasmid-cured B2F1 strain exhibited a reduction in adherence to T84 cells. Taken together, these results indicate that H-NS regulates the expression of several genes and some potential virulence factors in the intimin-negative B2F1 STEC strain and that the large plasmid is not required for T84 cell colonization. JF - Microbial Pathogenesis AU - Scott, ME AU - Melton-Celsa, A R AU - O'Brien, AD AD - Department of Biochemistry, American Red Cross, Rockville, MD 20855, USA, aobrien@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2003/03/01/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Mar 01 SP - 155 EP - 159 PB - Elsevier Science VL - 34 IS - 3 SN - 0882-4010, 0882-4010 KW - H-NS protein KW - hns gene KW - intimin KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18730516?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbial+Pathogenesis&rft.atitle=Mutations+in+hns+reduce+the+adherence+of+Shiga+toxin-producing+E.+coli+091%3AH21+strain+B2F1+to+human+colonic+epithelial+cells+and+increase+the+production+of+hemolysin&rft.au=Scott%2C+ME%3BMelton-Celsa%2C+A+R%3BO%27Brien%2C+AD&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=ME&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbial+Pathogenesis&rft.issn=08824010&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0882-4010%2803%2900002-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0882-4010(03)00002-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adolescent and adult male rats differ in sensitivity to nicotine's activity effects AN - 18722189; 5596512 AB - More than 90% of cigarette smokers begin smoking during adolescence, suggesting that adolescents may be particularly vulnerable to nicotine's effects. This experiment examined: (1) nicotine's acute effects on locomotion in adolescent and adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (Drug Phase I); (2) the effects of age of initial nicotine exposure on locomotion when nicotine was not administered (Interim Phase); and (3) the effects of age of initial nicotine exposure on later responses to nicotine (Drug Phase II). In Drug Phase I, animals were administered 0, 0.01, 0.10, 0.50, or 1.0 mg/kg nicotine sc for 12 days and horizontal activity was measured daily. During the Interim Phase, activity was measured but nicotine was not administered. During Drug Phase II, animals were administered the same nicotine dosages as in Drug Phase I for 12 days, and activity was measured daily. Drug Phase I revealed dose-response differences between adolescents and adults such that adolescents exhibited peak activity at both the 0.50- and 1.0-mg/kg dosages, but adults exhibited peak activity at the 0.50-mg/kg dosage. Initial nicotine exposure in adolescence (0.50 and 1.0 mg/kg), but not in adulthood, resulted in hyperactivity in adulthood in the absence of nicotine (Interim Phase). Reexposure to nicotine when all animals were adults (Drug Phase II) revealed that initial nicotine exposure in adolescence compared to adulthood resulted in dose-response differences in adulthood similar to those in Drug Phase I. In addition, animals initially exposed in adolescence exhibited sensitization to nicotine's activity- increasing effects in adulthood. These findings suggest that there are age differences in nicotine sensitivity that could predispose individuals initially exposed to nicotine in adolescence to long-term smoking. JF - Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior AU - Faraday, M M AU - Elliott, B M AU - Phillips, J M AU - Grunberg, N E AD - Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA, Mfaraday@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - Mar 2003 SP - 917 EP - 931 VL - 74 IS - 4 SN - 0091-3057, 0091-3057 KW - rats KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse KW - Y 25817:Mammals (excluding primates) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18722189?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacology+Biochemistry+and+Behavior&rft.atitle=Adolescent+and+adult+male+rats+differ+in+sensitivity+to+nicotine%27s+activity+effects&rft.au=Faraday%2C+M+M%3BElliott%2C+B+M%3BPhillips%2C+J+M%3BGrunberg%2C+N+E&rft.aulast=Faraday&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=917&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacology+Biochemistry+and+Behavior&rft.issn=00913057&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0091-3057%2803%2900024-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0091-3057(03)00024-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exercise and Diet in Obesity Treatment: An Integrative System Dynamics Perspective AN - 18708344; 5599480 AB - Purpose: Demonstrate the utility of System Dynamics computer modeling to study and gain insight into the impacts of physical activity and diet on weight gain and loss. Methods: A holistic System Dynamics computer model is presented that integrates the processes of human metabolism, hormonal regulation, body composition, nutrition, and physical activity. These processes are not independent of one another, and the model captures the complex interdependencies between them in the regulation of body weight and energy metabolism. The article demonstrates how such an integrative simulation model can serve as a viable laboratory tool for controlled experimentation to investigate the impacts of physical activity and diet on body weight and composition. Results: In one experiment, weight loss from a moderate level of daily exercise was slightly less than the loss from dieting. Although exercise did have a favorable impact on body composition by protecting against the loss in fat-free mass (FFM), it, however, failed to blunt the drop in resting energy expenditure (REE) that accompanies diet-based weight loss. The smaller loss in FFM did indeed induce a smaller drop in nominalREE, however, the preservation of FFM also affected a relatively larger loss in FM, which, in turn, induced a larger adaptive reduction in the metabolic rate. The two adaptations almost totally offset one another, causing minimal differences in REE. In a second experiment, exercise regimens of moderate- to high-level intensity proved counterproductive as weight-reducing strategies. However, when the diet was changed from a balanced composition to one that was highly loaded with carbohydrates, it became possible to sustain the intense exercise regimen over the experimental period and achieve a significant drop in body weight. Conclusion: The results underscore the significant interaction effects between physical activity, diet, and body composition and demonstrate the utility of computer-based experimentation to study, gain insight into, and make predictions about their dynamics. JF - Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise AU - Abdel-Hamid, T K AD - Information Sciences, Naval Postgraduate School, 555 Dyer Rd., Code GB/Ah, Monterey, CA 93943-5123, USA, tkabdelh@nps.navy.mil Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - Mar 2003 SP - 400 EP - 413 VL - 35 IS - 3 SN - 0195-9131, 0195-9131 KW - Physical Education Index KW - PE 090:Sports Medicine & Exercise Sport Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18708344?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Medicine+%26+Science+in+Sports+%26+Exercise&rft.atitle=Exercise+and+Diet+in+Obesity+Treatment%3A+An+Integrative+System+Dynamics+Perspective&rft.au=Abdel-Hamid%2C+T+K&rft.aulast=Abdel-Hamid&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=400&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Medicine+%26+Science+in+Sports+%26+Exercise&rft.issn=01959131&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Physical Education Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nickel in Subunit beta of the Acetyl-CoA Decarbonylase/Synthase Multienzyme Complex in Methanogens -- Catalytic Properties And Evidence For A Binuclear Ni-Ni Site AN - 19768291; 5572118 AB - The acetyl-CoA decarbonylase/synthase (ACDS) complex catalyzes the central reaction of acetyl C-C bond cleavage in methanogens growing on acetate and is also responsible for synthesis of acetyl units during growth on C-1 substrates. The ACDS beta subunit contains nickel and an Fe/S center and reacts with acetyl-CoA forming an acetyl-enzyme intermediate presumably directly involved in acetyl C-C bond activation. To investigate the role of nickel in this process two forms of the Methanosarcina thermophila beta subunit were overexpressed in anaerobically grown Escherichia coli. Both contained an Fe/S center but lacked nickel and were inactive in acetyl- enzyme formation in redox-dependent acetyltransferase assays. However, high activity developed during incubation with NiCl sub(2). The native and nickel-reconstituted proteins both contained iron and nickel in a 2:1 ratio, with insignificant levels of other metals, including copper. Binding of nickel elicited marked changes in the UV-visible spectrum, with intense charge transfer bands indicating multiple thiolate ligation to nickel. The kinetics of nickel incorporation matched the time course for enzyme activation. Other divalent metal ions could not substitute for nickel in yielding catalytic activity. Acetyl-CoA was formed in reactions with CoA, CO, and methylcobalamin, directly demonstrating C-C bond activation by the beta subunit in the absence of other ACDS subunits. Nickel was indispensable in this process too and was needed to form a characteristic EPR-detectable enzyme-carbonyl adduct in reactions with CO. In contrast to enzyme activation, EPR signal formation did not require addition of reducing agent, indicating indirect catalytic involvement of the paramagnetic species. Site-directed mutagenesis indicated that Cys-278 and Cys-280 coordinate nickel, with Cys-189 essential for Fe/S cluster formation. The results are consistent with an Ni sub(2)(Fe sub(4)S sub(4)) arrangement at the active site. A mechanism for C-C bond activation is proposed that includes a specific role for the Fe sub(4)S sub(4) center and accounts for the absolute requirement for nickel. JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry AU - Gencic, S AU - Grahame, DA AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, dgrahame@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2003/02/21/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Feb 21 SP - 6101 EP - 6110 VL - 278 IS - 8 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Site-directed mutagenesis KW - Ions KW - Methanosarcina thermophila KW - Heavy metals KW - Adducts KW - Nickel KW - Enzymes KW - Copper KW - Methanogenic bacteria KW - Acetic acid KW - Multienzyme complexes KW - Acetyltransferase KW - Kinetics KW - Reducing agents KW - Escherichia coli KW - Iron KW - J 02320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19768291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Nickel+in+Subunit+beta+of+the+Acetyl-CoA+Decarbonylase%2FSynthase+Multienzyme+Complex+in+Methanogens+--+Catalytic+Properties+And+Evidence+For+A+Binuclear+Ni-Ni+Site&rft.au=Gencic%2C+S%3BGrahame%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Gencic&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-02-21&rft.volume=278&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=6101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/10.1074%2Fjbc.M210484200 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Site-directed mutagenesis; Ions; Heavy metals; Adducts; Nickel; Enzymes; Copper; Methanogenic bacteria; Acetic acid; Multienzyme complexes; Acetyltransferase; Kinetics; Reducing agents; Iron; Methanosarcina thermophila; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M210484200 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PDGF and FGF2 regulate oligodendrocyte progenitor responses to demyelination. AN - 72975350; 12532397 AB - Acute demyelination of adult CNS, resulting from trauma or disease, is initially followed by remyelination. However, chronic lesions with subsequent functional impairment result from eventual failure of the remyelination process, as seen in multiple sclerosis. Studies using animal models of successful remyelination delineate a progression of events facilitating remyelination. A universal feature of this repair process is extensive proliferation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPs) in response to demyelination. To investigate signals that regulate OP proliferation in response to demyelination we used murine hepatitis virus-A59 (MHV-A59) infection of adult mice to induce focal demyelination throughout the spinal cord followed by spontaneous remyelination. We cultured glial cells directly from demyelinating and remyelinating spinal cords using conditions that maintain the dramatically enhanced OP proliferative response prior to CNS remyelination. We identify PDGF and FGF2 as significant mitogens regulating this proliferative response. Furthermore, we demonstrate endogenous PDGF and FGF2 activity in these glial cultures isolated from demyelinated CNS tissue. These findings correlate well with our previous demonstration of increased in vivo expression of PDGF and FGF2 ligand and corresponding receptors in MHV-A59 lesions. Together these studies support the potential of these pathways to function in vivo as critical factors in regulating remyelination. Copyright 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. JF - Journal of neurobiology AU - Frost, Emma E AU - Nielsen, Joseph A AU - Le, Tuan Q AU - Armstrong, Regina C AD - Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799, USA. Y1 - 2003/02/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Feb 15 SP - 457 EP - 472 VL - 54 IS - 3 SN - 0022-3034, 0022-3034 KW - 6,7-dimethoxy-2-phenylquinoxaline KW - 0 KW - Antibodies KW - Antigens KW - Oligoribonucleotides, Antisense KW - Platelet-Derived Growth Factor KW - Proteoglycans KW - Tyrphostins KW - chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 KW - Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 KW - 103107-01-3 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Cell Lineage KW - Spinal Cord -- metabolism KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Nerve Regeneration -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Animals, Newborn KW - Antigens -- metabolism KW - In Situ Hybridization KW - Proteoglycans -- metabolism KW - Antibodies -- pharmacology KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Tyrphostins -- pharmacology KW - Cell Differentiation -- drug effects KW - Immunochemistry KW - Time Factors KW - Murine hepatitis virus -- pathogenicity KW - Female KW - Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 -- metabolism KW - Platelet-Derived Growth Factor -- metabolism KW - Oligodendroglia -- metabolism KW - Demyelinating Diseases -- virology KW - Demyelinating Diseases -- metabolism KW - Stem Cells -- metabolism KW - Demyelinating Diseases -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72975350?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+neurobiology&rft.atitle=PDGF+and+FGF2+regulate+oligodendrocyte+progenitor+responses+to+demyelination.&rft.au=Frost%2C+Emma+E%3BNielsen%2C+Joseph+A%3BLe%2C+Tuan+Q%3BArmstrong%2C+Regina+C&rft.aulast=Frost&rft.aufirst=Emma&rft.date=2003-02-15&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=457&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+neurobiology&rft.issn=00223034&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-03 N1 - Date created - 2003-01-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Composition, complexity, and tree mortality in riparian forests in the central Western Cascades of Oregon AN - 18657392; 5553799 AB - Riparian forests contribute to the diversity and function of both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. To assess some of these contributions, we compared tree composition, stand complexity, and temporal patterns of tree mortality on permanent plots in seven mature and old-growth stands representing upland forests and forests along low- and mid-order streams in the Western Cascade Range of Oregon. We also assessed recruitment of large wood into stream channels due to tree mortality, both by direct measurement and by estimation from tree mortality and location data. Stands differed in composition due to both stream order and successional stage. Stands on mid-order streams had high abundance of hardwood trees and/or Thuja plicata. Stand complexity (variability in tree diameters, tree life-form diversity, and tree species diversity), was high in stands on mid-order streams and in the upland, old-growth stand. Tree mortality was exceptionally high in six of the seven stands in 1996, the year in which the largest flood during the study occurred. However, only in the one stand on an unconstrained reach of a mid-order stream was mortality primarily due to flooding. Estimated recruitment of wood was much higher from the stand on the unconstrained reach than from the other stands on mid-order streams, suggesting that unconstrained reaches may be important for efforts to maintain or restore large wood in streams. JF - Forest Ecology and Management AU - Acker, SA AU - Gregory, S V AU - Lienkaemper, G AU - McKee, WA AU - Swanson, F J AU - Miller, S D AD - Olympic National Park, 600 East Park Avenue, Port Angeles, WA 98362, USA, steve_acker@nps.gov Y1 - 2003/02/03/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Feb 03 SP - 293 EP - 308 PB - Elsevier Science B.V. VL - 173 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-1127, 0378-1127 KW - Forests KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04125:Temperate forests UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18657392?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.atitle=Composition%2C+complexity%2C+and+tree+mortality+in+riparian+forests+in+the+central+Western+Cascades+of+Oregon&rft.au=Acker%2C+SA%3BGregory%2C+S+V%3BLienkaemper%2C+G%3BMcKee%2C+WA%3BSwanson%2C+F+J%3BMiller%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Acker&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=2003-02-03&rft.volume=173&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.issn=03781127&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production in RAW cells by radioprotective thiols. AN - 73098847; 12645634 AB - Nitric oxide (NO) is involved in producing damage after exposure to radiation and also in the toxicity associated with bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS). We have evaluated different radioprotective thiols for their effects on LPS-stimulated NO production in mouse macrophage cells, RAW 264.7. Our results indicate that although thiols inhibited NO production in general, the degree of inhibition depended upon the thiol compound. Long-chain aminothiols like WR-1065 [N-(2-mercaptoethyl)-1,3-diaminopropane] exerted a strong inhibition; but its parent drug, amifostine, which protects mice against radiation lethality, was not as effective as WR-1065. Diethyl dithiocarbamate, which is less effective than amifostine as a radioprotector, strongly inhibited NO production from macrophages. These results indicate that the radioprotective potential of sulfhydryl compounds is not related to its ability to inhibit NO production by macrophages and suggest that some of the thiol radioprotectors may effectively ameliorate the fatal symptoms of hypotensive shock, associated with endotoxin (LPS)-induced NO production. JF - Experimental and molecular pathology AU - Kumar, K Sree AU - Singh, Vijay K AU - Jackson, William AU - Seed, Thomas M AD - Radiation Casualty Management Team, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, Maryland 20889-5603, USA. kumar@afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 68 EP - 73 VL - 74 IS - 1 SN - 0014-4800, 0014-4800 KW - Lipopolysaccharides KW - 0 KW - Mercaptoethylamines KW - Radiation-Protective Agents KW - Sulfhydryl Compounds KW - WR 1065 KW - 31098-42-7 KW - Nitric Oxide KW - 31C4KY9ESH KW - Cysteine KW - K848JZ4886 KW - Amifostine KW - M487QF2F4V KW - Dithiothreitol KW - T8ID5YZU6Y KW - Disulfiram KW - TR3MLJ1UAI KW - Acetylcysteine KW - WYQ7N0BPYC KW - Index Medicus KW - Amifostine -- pharmacology KW - Cysteine -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Dithiothreitol -- pharmacology KW - Mice KW - Disulfiram -- pharmacology KW - Acetylcysteine -- pharmacology KW - Mercaptoethylamines -- pharmacology KW - Cell Line KW - Sulfhydryl Compounds -- pharmacology KW - Lipopolysaccharides -- pharmacology KW - Nitric Oxide -- metabolism KW - Radiation-Protective Agents -- pharmacology KW - Macrophages -- drug effects KW - Macrophages -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73098847?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experimental+and+molecular+pathology&rft.atitle=Inhibition+of+LPS-induced+nitric+oxide+production+in+RAW+cells+by+radioprotective+thiols.&rft.au=Kumar%2C+K+Sree%3BSingh%2C+Vijay+K%3BJackson%2C+William%3BSeed%2C+Thomas+M&rft.aulast=Kumar&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=68&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+and+molecular+pathology&rft.issn=00144800&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-09 N1 - Date created - 2003-03-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Variations in affect following amphetamine and placebo: markers of stimulant drug preference. AN - 73082898; 12622347 AB - Variations in affect following d-amphetamine and placebo were examined in healthy young adults who subsequently preferred d-amphetamine (choosers; n = 61) or placebo (nonchoosers; n = 48) in a drug preference procedure. Affect was assessed before and 1, 3, and 6 hr after participants received the placebo and 10 mg d-amphetamine. Following amphetamine as compared with placebo, choosers' ratings increased on scales measuring energy, cognitive efficiency, and well-being, and decreased on scales measuring fatigue and sedation. Nonchoosers reported no effects, sedative effects, and dysphoric effects of amphetamine. Following placebo, ratings of energy, efficiency, and well-being decreased, and ratings of sedation increased in choosers but not in nonchoosers. Variations in affect following placebo and amphetamine may constitute markers of risk for drug use. JF - Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology AU - Gabbay, Frances H AD - Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799, USA. fgabbay@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 91 EP - 101 VL - 11 IS - 1 SN - 1064-1297, 1064-1297 KW - Central Nervous System Stimulants KW - 0 KW - Amphetamine KW - CK833KGX7E KW - Index Medicus KW - Socioeconomic Factors KW - Affect -- drug effects KW - Cognition -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Fatigue -- psychology KW - Adult KW - Male KW - Female KW - Central Nervous System Stimulants -- pharmacology KW - Amphetamine-Related Disorders -- psychology KW - Amphetamine -- pharmacology KW - Emotions -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73082898?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experimental+and+clinical+psychopharmacology&rft.atitle=Variations+in+affect+following+amphetamine+and+placebo%3A+markers+of+stimulant+drug+preference.&rft.au=Gabbay%2C+Frances+H&rft.aulast=Gabbay&rft.aufirst=Frances&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+and+clinical+psychopharmacology&rft.issn=10641297&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-05-29 N1 - Date created - 2003-03-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A radialization factor in normal cortical plate restores disorganized radial glia and disrupted migration in a model of cortical dysplasia. AN - 73023318; 12581165 AB - Treatment of pregnant ferrets on embryonic day 24 (E24) with the antimitotic methylazoxy methanol (MAM) leads to a specific constellation of effects in newborn kits, which include a very thin and poorly laminated neocortex, disruption of radial glial cell morphology with early differentiation into astrocytes, and abnormal positioning of Cajal-Retzius cells. We suggest that MAM treatment on E24 results in this model of cortical dysplasia by eliminating a population of cells that produce a factor capable of maintaining radial glia in their normal morphology. The abnormal radial glia, either alone or in combination with other abnormal features, are likely to prevent proper migration into the cortical plate. To test the possibility that normal cortex can provide the missing substance that influences radial glia, slices of E24 MAM-treated cortex were removed at postnatal day 0 (P0) and cultured adjacent to explants of P0 normal cortical plate. By labelling a small number of cells with injections of fluorescent dextrans into the cultured slices, we found that abnormal radial glia in MAM treated slices cocultured adjacent to normal cortical plate were restored toward normal, in comparison to E24 MAM treated slices cultured alone and in other control conditions. We also found that abnormally positioned Cajal-Retzius cells move into the marginal zone and that neurons are able to migrate into the cortical plate more effectively in the coculture condition. These data indicate that normal cortical plate of ferrets contains a factor causing radial glia to maintain their elongated morphology; the improved position of radial glia encourages repositioning of Cajal-Retzius cells and improved neuronal migration into the cortical plate. JF - The European journal of neuroscience AU - Hasling, Thomas A AU - Gierdalski, Marcin AU - Jablonska, Beata AU - Juliano, Sharon L AD - Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Genetics, USUHS, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 467 EP - 480 VL - 17 IS - 3 SN - 0953-816X, 0953-816X KW - Antimetabolites KW - 0 KW - Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor KW - Fluorescent Dyes KW - Teratogens KW - Methylazoxymethanol Acetate KW - 592-62-1 KW - Bromodeoxyuridine KW - G34N38R2N1 KW - methylazoxymethanol KW - JGG19N3YDQ KW - Index Medicus KW - Coculture Techniques KW - Animals KW - Cell Count KW - Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor -- pharmacology KW - Teratogens -- toxicity KW - Models, Neurological KW - Organ Culture Techniques KW - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- pathology KW - Methylazoxymethanol Acetate -- toxicity KW - Brain -- abnormalities KW - Cerebral Cortex -- physiology KW - Neuroglia -- ultrastructure KW - Ferrets -- physiology KW - Cerebral Cortex -- pathology KW - Cell Movement -- physiology KW - Methylazoxymethanol Acetate -- analogs & derivatives KW - Neuroglia -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73023318?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+European+journal+of+neuroscience&rft.atitle=A+radialization+factor+in+normal+cortical+plate+restores+disorganized+radial+glia+and+disrupted+migration+in+a+model+of+cortical+dysplasia.&rft.au=Hasling%2C+Thomas+A%3BGierdalski%2C+Marcin%3BJablonska%2C+Beata%3BJuliano%2C+Sharon+L&rft.aulast=Hasling&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=467&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+European+journal+of+neuroscience&rft.issn=0953816X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-10 N1 - Date created - 2003-02-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sand bed roughness in the nearshore AN - 51815376; 2004-061780 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Gallagher, Edith L AU - Thornton, E B AU - Stanton, T P Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 8 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 108 IS - C2 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - grain size KW - roughness KW - geophysical methods KW - friction KW - altimetry KW - nearshore environment KW - ripple marks KW - bedforms KW - bedding plane irregularities KW - beaches KW - acoustical methods KW - marine sediments KW - sediments KW - sedimentary structures KW - sonar methods KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51815376?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Sand+bed+roughness+in+the+nearshore&rft.au=Gallagher%2C+Edith+L%3BThornton%2C+E+B%3BStanton%2C+T+P&rft.aulast=Gallagher&rft.aufirst=Edith&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=C2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001JC001081 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acoustical methods; altimetry; beaches; bedding plane irregularities; bedforms; friction; geophysical methods; grain size; marine sediments; nearshore environment; ripple marks; roughness; sedimentary structures; sediments; sonar methods DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001JC001081 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dissolved organic matter effects on the performance of a barrier to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon transport by groundwater AN - 51167742; 2003-018223 AB - In order to contain the movement of organic contaminants in groundwater, a subsurface sorption barrier consisting of sand or clay minerals coated with a cationic surfactant has been proposed. The effectiveness of such a sorption barrier might be affected by the presence of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the groundwater. To study the impact of DOM on barrier performance, a series of batch experiments were performed by measuring naphthalene and phenanthrene sorption onto sand coated with cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) and bentonite coated with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTMA) in the presence of various concentrations of DOM. The overall soil-water distribution coefficient (K (super *) ) of naphthalene and phenanthrene onto CPC-coated sand decreased with increasing DOM concentration, whereas the K (super *) of the compounds onto HDTMA-coated bentonite slightly increased with increasing DOM concentration. To describe the overall distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the systems, a competitive multiphase sorption (CMS) model was developed and compared with an overall mechanistic sorption (OMS) model. The modeling studies showed that while the OMS model did not explain the CPC-coated sand experimental results, a model that included competitive sorption between DOM and PAH did. The experimental results and the modeling study indicated that there was no apparent competition between DOM and PAH in the HDTMA-coated bentonite system, and indicated that in groundwater systems with high DOM, a barrier using HDTMA-coated bentonite might be more effective. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Moon, Jung-Won AU - Goltz, Mark N AU - Ahn, Kyu-Hong AU - Park, Jae-Woo Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 307 EP - 326 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 60 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - hydrology KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - water quality KW - pollutants KW - naphthalene KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - phenanthrene KW - organic compounds KW - hydrologic cycle KW - transport KW - dissolved materials KW - surfactants KW - hydrocarbons KW - theoretical models KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - dissolved organic compounds KW - waste disposal KW - disposal barriers KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51167742?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Dissolved+organic+matter+effects+on+the+performance+of+a+barrier+to+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbon+transport+by+groundwater&rft.au=Moon%2C+Jung-Won%3BGoltz%2C+Mark+N%3BAhn%2C+Kyu-Hong%3BPark%2C+Jae-Woo&rft.aulast=Moon&rft.aufirst=Jung-Won&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=307&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; disposal barriers; dissolved materials; dissolved organic compounds; ground water; hydrocarbons; hydrologic cycle; hydrology; mathematical models; naphthalene; organic compounds; phenanthrene; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; surfactants; theoretical models; transport; waste disposal; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Episodic Colonization of an Intertidal Mudflat by Native Cordgrass (Spartina foliosa) at Tijuana Estuary AN - 18899647; 5602911 AB - Following heavy winter storms and sedimentation in 1993, Spartina foliosa (Pacific cordgrass) clones established on a 6.5-ha mudflat in Tijuana Estuary, with over 80 new clones counted by 1997. El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) storms in 1993 apparently facilitated the habitat conversion through river flooding, which caused a temporary reduction in soil salinity and delivered large volumes of sediment. Extreme sedimentation likely raised mudflat elevations enough to allow Spartina establishment. We hypothesized that clones, once established, increased sedimentation in a positive feedback loop leading to accelerated habitat conversion. We collected data on elevation, Spartina expansion, and sediment accretion in two consecutive years (1998-1999). The elevation range of the mudflats in 1998 (0.5-0.83 m NGVD) was within the elevation range of Spartina at this site (0.39-0.83 m NGVD), indicating that remaining mudflats are at elevations suitable for further expansion. Sediment accretion ranged from 4.0-12.7 cm between 1997-1998 (ENSO conditions), but was close to long-term averages ( similar to 1 cm yr super(-1)) in 1998-1999 (nonflood year), indicating how susceptible Tijuana Estuary is to sedimentation from episodic storms. Although accretion rates were similar within Spartina clones and on bare mudflats over the ENSO winter, clones were typically dome-shaped suggesting higher sediment retention rates within clones. The radial expansion rates of clones (1.31 plus or minus 0.25 m in 1998; 1.12 plus or minus 0.07 m in 1999) approximated the maxima reported for this species and were not related to clone size or vigor. Conditions on the mudflat appear ideal for Spartina growth, masking differences that might otherwise be observed. Given the likelihood of sedimentation-driven habitat conversion in southern California and other Mediterranean-type estuaries, management efforts are needed to address sedimentation issues on a watershed scale. We recommend that wetland restoration projects in southern California include large areas of intertidal mudflat, both to maintain habitat for shorebird feeding and to allow colonization by salt marsh vegetation. JF - Estuaries AU - Ward, K M AU - Callaway, J C AU - Zedler, J B AD - Pacific Estuarine Research Laboratory, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182-1870, USA, Kristen_Ward@nps.gov Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - Feb 2003 SP - 116 EP - 130 VL - 26 IS - 1 SN - 0160-8347, 0160-8347 KW - Cord grass KW - Marsh plants KW - Mudflat elevation KW - USA, California, Tijuana Estuary KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Ecological zonation KW - Grasses (Spartina) KW - Ecological distribution KW - Spatial Distribution KW - Storms KW - Ecology KW - Accretion KW - Colonization KW - Vegetation cover KW - Habitats KW - Geomorphology KW - Distribution (Mathematical) KW - Coastal morphology KW - Alkalinity KW - Mud flats KW - USA, California KW - Sedimentation KW - Plant populations KW - Data Collections KW - Abiotic factors KW - El Nino phenomena KW - Teleconnections KW - Mud Flats KW - Vegetation Establishment KW - Spartina foliosa KW - Estuaries KW - Aquatic plants KW - Brackish KW - Data collections KW - Habitat KW - Ecological Distribution KW - INE, USA, California, Tijuana Estuary KW - Intertidal environment KW - Southern Oscillation KW - Indigenous species KW - Elevation KW - Flooding KW - Marsh Plants KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - D 04636:Grasses KW - SW 0890:Estuaries KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18899647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries&rft.atitle=Episodic+Colonization+of+an+Intertidal+Mudflat+by+Native+Cordgrass+%28Spartina+foliosa%29+at+Tijuana+Estuary&rft.au=Ward%2C+K+M%3BCallaway%2C+J+C%3BZedler%2C+J+B&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=116&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries&rft.issn=01608347&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ecological zonation; Ecological distribution; Aquatic plants; Storms; Southern Oscillation; Intertidal environment; Vegetation cover; Colonization; Accretion; Geomorphology; Alkalinity; Coastal morphology; Flooding; Mud flats; Plant populations; Sedimentation; Teleconnections; El Nino phenomena; Abiotic factors; Indigenous species; Estuaries; Ecology; Grasses (Spartina); Distribution (Mathematical); Data collections; Habitat; Mud Flats; Vegetation Establishment; Habitats; Elevation; Marsh Plants; Spatial Distribution; Ecological Distribution; Data Collections; Spartina foliosa; USA, California; INE, USA, California, Tijuana Estuary; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An Assessment of Biases Associated with Caging, Tethering, and Trawl Sampling of Summer Flounder (Paralichthys dentatus) AN - 18848019; 5602906 AB - We provide an example of the type of bias assessment that should, but often is not, used in ecological studies using techniques such as caging, tethering, and trawl sampling. Growth rates of summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus) from cage enclosures were compared to those from mark-recapture trials, and prey types (identified through stomach content analysis) compared between caged fish and wild fish collected from nursery sites over a 2-yr period. Site-specific growth rates estimated from the caging method were similar ( plus or minus 15%) to those estimated from the mark-recapture trials. Prey types were nearly identical between caged and wild fish, although selectivity may have varied quantitatively. Caging summer flounder will generally be an appropriate tool with which to measure growth rates in the wild, but comparisons with an independent measurement method are necessary for validation. In tethering trials, predation was significantly greater on tethered than on untethered fish, indicating that tethering is not an appropriate tool with which to measure absolute rates of predation on juvenile summer flounder. The lack of effects of substrate (sand versus mud) and fish origin (hatchery-reared versus wild) on predation of tethered versus untethered fish indicates that tethering trials will not indicate treatment-specific differences when none exist. Tethering may be an acceptable method for comparing relative rates of predation on different substrates and between hatchery-reared and wild juvenile summer flounder in the field, although true differences in treatment levels could be masked by tethering. Beam trawl efficiency estimates for juvenile summer flounder were similar between beach and marsh habitats, but differed significantly between marsh sites, indicating that site-specific trawl efficiency estimates may be critical to accurately assess juvenile flounder abundance. There was no significant effect of habitat or sites within habitat on the mean size of recaptured fish, indicating the appropriateness of comparisons of size-frequency information between the sites and habitats used in this study. Caging, tethering, and beam trawl sampling are appropriate tools for measuring ecological parameters of juvenile summer flounder, but only if possible biases of each method are identified and compensated for when interpreting data collected using these methods. JF - Estuaries AU - Kellison, G T AU - Eggleston, D B AU - Taylor, J C AU - Burke, J S AD - Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8208, USA, todd_kellison@nps.gov Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - Feb 2003 SP - 64 EP - 71 VL - 26 IS - 1 SN - 0160-8347, 0160-8347 KW - Bias assessment KW - Caged fish KW - Comparative studies KW - Mark-recapture trials KW - Summer flounder KW - Tethering trials KW - Wild fish KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Food organisms KW - Measurement KW - Nursery grounds KW - Predation KW - Paralichthys dentatus KW - Performance assessment KW - Ecology KW - Marine fish KW - Growth KW - Sampling KW - Data Collections KW - Marking KW - Growth rate KW - Substrata KW - Biological Sampling KW - Growth Rates KW - Data collections KW - Errors KW - Population statistics KW - Cages KW - Methodology KW - Stomach content KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Trout KW - Population Density KW - Experimental Design KW - Trout (Freshwater) (see also Fish (Salmonid)) KW - Analytical techniques KW - Fish Populations KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q1 08382:Ecological techniques and apparatus KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - D 04001:Methodology - general KW - D 04668:Fish KW - O 1090:Instruments/Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18848019?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries&rft.atitle=An+Assessment+of+Biases+Associated+with+Caging%2C+Tethering%2C+and+Trawl+Sampling+of+Summer+Flounder+%28Paralichthys+dentatus%29&rft.au=Kellison%2C+G+T%3BEggleston%2C+D+B%3BTaylor%2C+J+C%3BBurke%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Kellison&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=64&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries&rft.issn=01608347&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Measurement; Food organisms; Substrata; Predation; Nursery grounds; Performance assessment; Errors; Cages; Marine fish; Stomach content; Analytical techniques; Marking; Sampling; Methodology; Ecology; Growth; Trout (Freshwater) (see also Fish (Salmonid)); Data collections; Population statistics; Performance Evaluation; Trout; Biological Sampling; Population Density; Experimental Design; Growth Rates; Fish Populations; Data Collections; Paralichthys dentatus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coadministration of gabapentin or MK-801 with lamotrigine slows tolerance to its anticonvulsant effects on kindled seizures AN - 18642987; 5547769 AB - The development of tolerance to therapeutic effects of antiepileptic drugs can be a problem in the treatment of epilepsy, bipolar disorder, and pain syndromes. In the present study, acute treatment with the new antiepileptic drug lamotrigine (LTG, 15 mg/kg) markedly suppressed seizure stage and seizure duration in amygdala-kindled rats; but this antiseizure effect was rapidly lost following 4-8 days of repeated treatment. When gabapentin (GBP, 20 mg/kg) was coadministered with LTG, the ability of LTG to suppress seizure stage, seizure duration, and after-discharge (AD) duration was markedly extended. In addition, GBP coadministration with LTG decreased the number of animals that developed LTG-related running fits (Stage 6 seizures) and lengthened the number of days required to develop running fits or complete tolerance. Neither acute nor repeated treatment with MK-801 (0.3 mg/kg), a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, had effects on kindled seizures. However, cotreatment with MK-801 markedly extended the anticonvulsant effects of LTG on the three seizure indices and reduced running fits. These data indicate that cotreatment with either GBP or MK-801 slows tolerance development to the anticonvulsant effects of LTG on kindled seizures. Therapeutic implications of the present study remain to be explored. JF - Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior AU - Zhang, Z-J AU - Russell, S AU - Obeng, K AU - Postma, T AU - Obrocea, G AU - Weiss, SRB AU - Post, R M AD - Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA, zzhang1@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - Feb 2003 SP - 565 EP - 571 VL - 74 IS - 3 SN - 0091-3057, 0091-3057 KW - MK-801 KW - gabapentin KW - lamotrigine KW - rats KW - tolerance KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24111:Acute exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18642987?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacology+Biochemistry+and+Behavior&rft.atitle=Coadministration+of+gabapentin+or+MK-801+with+lamotrigine+slows+tolerance+to+its+anticonvulsant+effects+on+kindled+seizures&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Z-J%3BRussell%2C+S%3BObeng%2C+K%3BPostma%2C+T%3BObrocea%2C+G%3BWeiss%2C+SRB%3BPost%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Z-J&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=565&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacology+Biochemistry+and+Behavior&rft.issn=00913057&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0091-3057%2802%2901035-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0091-3057(02)01035-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In Vitro and In Vivo Functional Activity of Chlamydia MurA, a UDP-N- Acetylglucosamine Enolpyruvyl Transferase Involved in Peptidoglycan Synthesis and Fosfomycin Resistance AN - 17042802; 5562958 AB - Organisms of Chlamydia spp. are obligate intracellular, gram-negative bacteria with a dimorphic developmental cycle that takes place entirely within a membrane-bound vacuole termed an inclusion. The chlamydial anomaly refers to the fact that cell wall-active antibiotics inhibit Chlamydia growth and peptidoglycan (PG) synthesis genes are present in the genome, yet there is no biochemical evidence for synthesis of PG. In this work, we undertook a genetics- based approach to reevaluate the chlamydial anomaly by characterizing MurA, a UDP-N-acetylglucosamine enolpyruvyl transferase that catalyzes the first committed step of PG synthesis. The murA gene from Chlamydia trachomatis serovar L2 was cloned and placed under the control of the arabinose-inducible, glucose-repressible ara promoter and transformed into Escherichia coli. After transduction of a lethal [Delta] murA mutation into the strain, viability of the E. coli strain became dependent upon expression of the C. trachomatis murA. DNA sequence analysis of murA from C. trachomatis predicted a cysteine-to-aspartate change in a key residue within the active site of MurA. In E. coli, the same mutation has previously been shown to cause resistance to fosfomycin, a potent antibiotic that specifically targets MurA. In vitro activity of the chlamydial MurA was resistant to high levels of fosfomycin. Growth of C. trachomatis was also resistant to fosfomycin. Moreover, fosfomycin resistance was imparted to the E. coli strain expressing the chlamydial murA. Conversion of C. trachomatis elementary bodies to reticulate bodies and cell division are correlated with expression of murA mRNA. mRNA from murB, the second enzymatic reaction in the PG pathway, was also detected during C. trachomatis infection. Our findings, as well as work from other groups, suggest that a functional PG pathway exists in Chlamydia spp. We propose that chlamydial PG is essential for progression through the developmental cycle as well as for cell division. Elucidating the existence of PG in Chlamydia spp. is of significance for the development of novel antibiotics targeting the chlamydial cell wall. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - McCoy, A J AU - Sandlin, R C AU - Maurelli, A T AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, amaurelli@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - Feb 2003 SP - 1218 EP - 1228 VL - 185 IS - 4 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - UDP-N-acetylglucosamine enolpyruvyl transferase KW - fosfomycin KW - murA gene KW - peptidoglycans KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics KW - J 02728:Enzymes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17042802?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=In+Vitro+and+In+Vivo+Functional+Activity+of+Chlamydia+MurA%2C+a+UDP-N-+Acetylglucosamine+Enolpyruvyl+Transferase+Involved+in+Peptidoglycan+Synthesis+and+Fosfomycin+Resistance&rft.au=McCoy%2C+A+J%3BSandlin%2C+R+C%3BMaurelli%2C+A+T&rft.aulast=McCoy&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=185&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1218&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FJB.185.4.1218-1228.2003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.185.4.1218-1228.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radiation biodosimetry: applications for spaceflight. AN - 73641185; 12971403 AB - The multiparametric dosimetry system that we are developing for medical radiological defense applications could be adapted for spaceflight environments. The system complements the internationally accepted personnel dosimeters and cytogenetic analysis of chromosome aberrations, considered the best means of documenting radiation doses for health records. Our system consists of a portable hematology analyzer, molecular biodosimetry using nucleic acid and antigen-based diagnostic equipment, and a dose assessment management software application. A dry-capillary tube reagent-based centrifuge blood cell counter (QBC Autoread Plus, Becton [correction of Beckon] Dickinson Bioscience) measures peripheral blood lymphocytes and monocytes, which could determine radiation dose based on the kinetics of blood cell depletion. Molecular biomarkers for ionizing radiation exposure (gene expression changes, blood proteins) can be measured in real time using such diagnostic detection technologies as miniaturized nucleic acid sequences and antigen-based biosensors, but they require validation of dose-dependent targets and development of optimized protocols and analysis systems. The Biodosimetry Assessment Tool, a software application, calculates radiation dose based on a patient's physical signs and symptoms and blood cell count analysis. It also annotates location of personnel dosimeters, displays a summary of a patient's dosimetric information to healthcare professionals, and archives the data for further use. These radiation assessment diagnostic technologies can have dual-use applications supporting general medical-related care. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd on behalf of COSPAR. JF - Advances in space research : the official journal of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR) AU - Blakely, W F AU - Miller, A C AU - Grace, M B AU - McLeland, C B AU - Luo, L AU - Muderhwa, J M AU - Miner, V L AU - Prasanna, P G AD - Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute (AFRRI), Bethesda, MD 20889-5603, USA. blakely@afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 1487 EP - 1493 VL - 31 IS - 6 SN - 0273-1177, 0273-1177 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - Space life sciences KW - Models, Animal KW - Software KW - Animals KW - Radioactive Hazard Release -- statistics & numerical data KW - Monocytes -- physiology KW - Monocytes -- radiation effects KW - Humans KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Mice KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Leukocyte Count KW - Film Dosimetry KW - Radiobiology -- statistics & numerical data KW - Radiation Monitoring -- methods KW - Space Flight KW - Lymphocytes -- radiation effects KW - Radiobiology -- methods KW - Lymphocytes -- physiology KW - Radiation Monitoring -- statistics & numerical data KW - Gene Expression -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73641185?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+space+research+%3A+the+official+journal+of+the+Committee+on+Space+Research+%28COSPAR%29&rft.atitle=Radiation+biodosimetry%3A+applications+for+spaceflight.&rft.au=Blakely%2C+W+F%3BMiller%2C+A+C%3BGrace%2C+M+B%3BMcLeland%2C+C+B%3BLuo%2C+L%3BMuderhwa%2C+J+M%3BMiner%2C+V+L%3BPrasanna%2C+P+G&rft.aulast=Blakely&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1487&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+space+research+%3A+the+official+journal+of+the+Committee+on+Space+Research+%28COSPAR%29&rft.issn=02731177&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-11-06 N1 - Date created - 2003-09-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Serotonin type II receptor activation facilitates synaptic plasticity via N-methyl-D-aspartate-mediated mechanism in the rat basolateral amygdala. AN - 73305684; 12763068 AB - The modulation of synaptic plasticity by serotonin type II (5-hydroxytryptamine type II (5-HT(2)))-receptor stimulation was explored using intracellular, field potential and Fura-2 fluorescence image recordings in a rat amygdala slice preparation. Bath application of 5HT(2) receptor agonist 1-(2,5)-dimethoxy-4-iodophen-2-aminopropane (DOI) transformed theta-burst-stimulated (TBS) synaptic plasticity from short-term potentiation to long-term potentiation. DOI enhanced N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated potentials and calcium influx without affecting the resting membrane potential or input resistance of the neurons. In contrast, alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA)/kainate receptor-mediated excitatory synaptic responses were unaffected by DOI. The facilitating effects of DOI were blocked by the 5-HT(2) receptor antagonist, ketanserin, and by the 5-HT(2C)-receptor selective antagonist, RS102221. These results indicate that 5-HT(2)-receptor activation enhances NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic function in the basolateral amygdala (BLA). JF - Neuroscience AU - Chen, A AU - Hough, C J AU - Li, H AD - Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 53 EP - 63 VL - 119 IS - 1 SN - 0306-4522, 0306-4522 KW - 8-(5-(5-amino-2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-oxopentyl)-1,3,8-triazaspiro(4.5)decane-2,4-dione KW - 0 KW - Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists KW - Fluorescent Dyes KW - Serotonin Antagonists KW - Serotonin Receptor Agonists KW - Spiro Compounds KW - Sulfonamides KW - dimethoxy-4-indophenyl-2-aminopropane KW - Indophenol KW - 500-85-6 KW - N-Methylaspartate KW - 6384-92-5 KW - 2-amino-5-phosphopentanoic acid KW - 76326-31-3 KW - Ketanserin KW - 97F9DE4CT4 KW - Valine KW - HG18B9YRS7 KW - Magnesium KW - I38ZP9992A KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Glycine KW - TE7660XO1C KW - Fura-2 KW - TSN3DL106G KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Fluorescent Dyes -- metabolism KW - Serotonin Antagonists -- pharmacology KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Synaptic Transmission -- drug effects KW - Electric Stimulation KW - Rats KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Spiro Compounds -- pharmacology KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Sulfonamides -- pharmacology KW - Glycine -- pharmacology KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Magnesium -- pharmacology KW - Membrane Potentials -- drug effects KW - Drug Synergism KW - Ketanserin -- pharmacology KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Fura-2 -- metabolism KW - Serotonin Receptor Agonists -- pharmacology KW - Amygdala -- anatomy & histology KW - N-Methylaspartate -- pharmacology KW - Valine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Neuronal Plasticity -- drug effects KW - Indophenol -- analogs & derivatives KW - Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists -- pharmacology KW - Amygdala -- physiology KW - Indophenol -- pharmacology KW - Valine -- pharmacology KW - Amygdala -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73305684?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Serotonin+type+II+receptor+activation+facilitates+synaptic+plasticity+via+N-methyl-D-aspartate-mediated+mechanism+in+the+rat+basolateral+amygdala.&rft.au=Chen%2C+A%3BHough%2C+C+J%3BLi%2C+H&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuroscience&rft.issn=03064522&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-07-28 N1 - Date created - 2003-05-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Asbestos inhalation induces tyrosine nitration associated with extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 activation in the rat lung. AN - 72883457; 12495932 AB - Nitration of proteins by peroxynitrite (ONOO-) has been shown to critically alter protein function in vitro. We have shown previously that asbestos inhalation induced nitrotyrosine formation, a marker of ONOO- production, in the rat lung. To determine whether asbestos-induced protein nitration may affect mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, lung lysates from crocidolite and chrysotile asbestos-exposed rats and from sham-exposed rats were immunoprecipitated with anti-nitrotyrosine antibody, and captured proteins were subjected to Western blotting with anti-phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 antibodies. Both types of asbestos inhalation induced significantly greater phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in rat lung lysates than was noted after sham exposure. Phosphorylated ERK proteins co-immunoprecipitated with nitrotyrosine. Moreover, in MAPK functional assays using Elk-1 substrate, immunoprecipitated phospho-ERK1/2 in lung lysates from both crocidolite-exposed and chrysotile-exposed rats demonstrated significantly greater phosphorylation of Elk-1 than was noted after sham exposure. Asbestos inhalation also induced ERK phosphorylation in bronchoalveolar lavage cells. Lung sections from rats exposed to crocidolite or chrysotile (but not from sham-exposed rats nor from rats exposed to "inert" carbonyl iron particles) demonstrated strong immunoreactivity for nitrotyrosine and phospho-ERK1/2 in alveolar macrophages and bronchiolar epithelium. These findings suggest that asbestos fibers may activate the ERK signaling pathway by generating ONOO- or other nitrating species that induce tyrosine nitration and phosphorylation of critical signaling molecules. JF - American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology AU - Iwagaki, Akitaka AU - Choe, Nonghoon AU - Li, Yingyue AU - Hemenway, David R AU - Kagan, Elliott AD - Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799, USA. Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 51 EP - 60 VL - 28 IS - 1 SN - 1044-1549, 1044-1549 KW - Asbestos, Serpentine KW - 0 KW - Nitrates KW - Asbestos, Crocidolite KW - 12001-28-4 KW - Tyrosine KW - 42HK56048U KW - Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 KW - EC 2.7.11.24 KW - Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 KW - Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Phosphorylation KW - Enzyme Activation KW - Inhalation Exposure KW - Precipitin Tests KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Male KW - Asbestos, Crocidolite -- pharmacology KW - Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases -- metabolism KW - Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 -- metabolism KW - Nitrates -- metabolism KW - Asbestos, Serpentine -- administration & dosage KW - Asbestos, Crocidolite -- administration & dosage KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Lung -- enzymology KW - Asbestos, Serpentine -- pharmacology KW - Tyrosine -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72883457?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+respiratory+cell+and+molecular+biology&rft.atitle=Asbestos+inhalation+induces+tyrosine+nitration+associated+with+extracellular+signal-regulated+kinase+1%2F2+activation+in+the+rat+lung.&rft.au=Iwagaki%2C+Akitaka%3BChoe%2C+Nonghoon%3BLi%2C+Yingyue%3BHemenway%2C+David+R%3BKagan%2C+Elliott&rft.aulast=Iwagaki&rft.aufirst=Akitaka&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+respiratory+cell+and+molecular+biology&rft.issn=10441549&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-30 N1 - Date created - 2002-12-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Immunomodulation by lead. AN - 71364187; 14610291 AB - Lead, a potential human carcinogen, is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant in the industrial environment that poses a serious threat to human health. This toxic lead can modulate the immune response of animals as well as humans. In some instances, the immune system appears to be exquisitely sensitive to lead as compared with other toxicological parameters. Both stimulation and suppression of immune response have been demonstrated in lead exposed animals and humans depending on the T helper (Th)1 vs Th2 response. Although the majority of data accumulated to date pertains to the effects of lead in small laboratory rodents, there is little reason to believe that similar quantifiable effects do not occur in domestic and food-producing animals owing to basic functional similarities of the immune system of mammals. In this review, we have discussed the immunomodulatory role of the toxic heavy metal, lead, on cellular and humoral components of the immune system with particular reference to effector cells such as B cells, T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and soluble mediators such as cytokines, chemokines, and nitric oxide (NO). JF - Immunologic research AU - Singh, Vijay K AU - Mishra, Kamla P AU - Rani, Reena AU - Yadav, Virendra S AU - Awasthi, Sudhir K AU - Garg, Satyendra K AD - Department of Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India. singh@afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 151 EP - 166 VL - 28 IS - 2 SN - 0257-277X, 0257-277X KW - Lead KW - 2P299V784P KW - Nitric Oxide KW - 31C4KY9ESH KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Chemotaxis, Leukocyte -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Nitric Oxide -- metabolism KW - Phagocytosis -- drug effects KW - Lead -- toxicity KW - Lead -- chemistry KW - B-Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - Neuroimmunomodulation KW - T-Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - Killer Cells, Natural -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71364187?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Immunologic+research&rft.atitle=Immunomodulation+by+lead.&rft.au=Singh%2C+Vijay+K%3BMishra%2C+Kamla+P%3BRani%2C+Reena%3BYadav%2C+Virendra+S%3BAwasthi%2C+Sudhir+K%3BGarg%2C+Satyendra+K&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Vijay&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Immunologic+research&rft.issn=0257277X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-08-30 N1 - Date created - 2003-11-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Role of Foreign Aid in the War on Terrorism: Examples from Pakistan AN - 60711761; 200513823 AB - The United States & its partners in the war on terrorism have responded to the terrorist attacks with a three-pronged strategy -- short run military, medium term aid to vulnerable countries & groups, & longer term assistance programs that directly focus on the sources of terrorist motivation. Using Pakistan as a case study, it appears that the best way to implement the medium & longer term phases are assistance for education reform in the medium term, with the focus on institutional reform, & governance strengthening in the longer term. In most cases, grants are superior to aid in assuring effective & efficient implementation of the country's assistance related programs. 1 Figure, 11 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Political Crossroads AU - Looney, Robert AD - Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey Y1 - 2003///0, PY - 2003 DA - 0, 2003 SP - 5 EP - 18 VL - 10-11 IS - 1-2 SN - 1323-5761, 1323-5761 KW - Development Programs KW - Foreign Aid KW - Pakistan KW - Terrorism KW - Military Strategy KW - Educational Reform KW - United States of America KW - Governance KW - Foreign Policy KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60711761?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Political+Crossroads&rft.atitle=The+Role+of+Foreign+Aid+in+the+War+on+Terrorism%3A+Examples+from+Pakistan&rft.au=Looney%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Looney&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=10-11&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Political+Crossroads&rft.issn=13235761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Military Strategy; United States of America; Foreign Policy; Terrorism; Pakistan; Educational Reform; Governance; Development Programs; Foreign Aid ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Formation of the Iraqi Political System: The Role of the GCC AN - 60702393; 200412273 AB - Focuses on the impact of the political transition in Iraq on countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). It is maintained that regime change in Baghdad will lead to a new framework for intra-regional relations. Emphasis is placed on the role of the GCC in the formation of the Iraqi political system, especially the opportunity for GCC states to develop a united approach to regional political, economic, & military integration as opposed to acting individually. A framework for GCC involvement in the evolving Iraqi political process at strategic, operational, & tactical levels is presented. It is contended that addressing these matters will require GCC to confront difficult issues it has failed to deal with in the past, especially in relation to deciding whether the organization wants to focus on enhancing regional cooperation & integration. The US role in regional security & the positive impact of the current movement toward a regional common market are discussed. 1 Table, 29 References. J. Lindroth JF - Emirates Lecture Series AU - Russell, James A AD - Dept National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2003///0, PY - 2003 DA - 0, 2003 SP - 1 EP - 42 IS - 46 SN - 1682-1238, 1682-1238 KW - International Cooperation KW - Reconstruction KW - Political Integration KW - Councils KW - Political Development KW - Iraq KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60702393?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Emirates+Lecture+Series&rft.atitle=Formation+of+the+Iraqi+Political+System%3A+The+Role+of+the+GCC&rft.au=Russell%2C+James+A&rft.aulast=Russell&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=46&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Emirates+Lecture+Series&rft.issn=16821238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Iraq; Reconstruction; Political Development; Political Integration; Councils; International Cooperation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Terrorist Decision Making AN - 60656625; 200320377 AB - How do terrorists & terrorist groups make decisions, & what influence do terrorist decision-making styles have on the course of a terrorist campaign? Efforts to answer these questions have centered on three sets of theories. In order of generality, these are (a) strategic theories, in which the decision to employ terrorism & related forms of political violence is considered to be an instrumental choice; (b) organizational theories, in which the sources of violence are found in the internal dynamics of the terrorist group itself; & (c) psychological theories, in which the decision to employ terrorism is explained within the framework of individual psychology. Most observers agree that these lines of inquiry are not mutually exclusive, but each offers a distinctive approach to terrorist decision making. This essay examines each of these theoretical approaches in turn. It concludes with a brief discussion of the decision-making constraints that help shape terrorist life cycles. 1 Figure, 224 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Annual Review of Political Science AU - McCormick, Gordon H AD - Dept Defense Analysis, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA gmccormick@nps.navy.mil Y1 - 2003///0, PY - 2003 DA - 0, 2003 SP - 473 EP - 507 VL - 6 SN - 1094-2939, 1094-2939 KW - Political Violence KW - Terrorism KW - Group Decision Making KW - Organization Theory KW - Psychological Theories KW - Game Theory KW - article KW - 9003: history and theory; political theories and philosophy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60656625?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Political+Science&rft.atitle=Terrorist+Decision+Making&rft.au=McCormick%2C+Gordon+H&rft.aulast=McCormick&rft.aufirst=Gordon&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=473&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Review+of+Political+Science&rft.issn=10942939&rft_id=info:doi/10.1146%2Fannurev.polisci.6.121901.085601 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Terrorism; Political Violence; Group Decision Making; Game Theory; Psychological Theories; Organization Theory DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.polisci.6.121901.085601 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reasserting American Exceptionalism -- Confronting the World. The National Security Strategy of the Bush Administration AN - 60654306; 200319085 AB - At first sight, the National Security Strategy of the Bush administration seems to depart from recent policy, but it is quite in line with long-term historic trends of nationalism, unilateralism, & a conviction that economic & political liberties go hand-in-hand. American thinking is characterized by a belief in national exceptionalism, which in turn is linked to its determination to reserve the right of independent unilateral action. Multilateralism is accepted -- or favored -- as long as it serves the perceived national interest. Here, it is important to point out that often it is Congress's insistence & not the President's will that is decisive in its unilateral stance. Nevertheless, since 1970 multilateral involvement of the US has increased significantly; however, there is a recent trend towards bilateralism & regional frameworks (NAFTA) & ad-hoc "coalitions of the willing" that ultimately might lead to a questioning of NATO. Another trend is a mounting suspicion of "big government." During the Cold War, active government policies in education, civil rights, etc, were accepted as a contribution to national security -- not any more, & less so contributions to international organizations. The legacy of unilateralism & exceptionalism lends itself to an equally unilateral justification of military interventions, be it in Iraq in the 21st century or in Libya, Grenada, or Panama in the 1980s. Its justification not only rests on the right to self defense, but also on the proclaimed right to use military force in order to build "just societies." As long as the world accepts that the US, based on a sense of mission & unrivalled military power, acts as a global policeman, that must answer only to its own ideas & values, the US national security strategy might be successful -- but it requires remarkable optimism to believe that this will last for long, since unchecked power throughout history has always led to endeavors to challenge it. Furthermore, it is by no means guaranteed that the American general public will be prepared to assume the financial cost of an ambitious national security strategy at the detriment of domestic policy. The future political landscape of the US will be shaped greatly by graphic & conflicting views over the allocation of resources between domestic programs & national security. Adapted from the source document. JF - Internationale Politik und Gesellschaft AU - Moss, Kenneth B AD - Dept Grand Strategy, National Defense U, Washington mossk@ndu.edu Y1 - 2003///0, PY - 2003 DA - 0, 2003 SP - 135 EP - 155 IS - 3 SN - 0945-2419, 0945-2419 KW - Hegemony KW - United States of America KW - International Relations KW - Security Policy KW - Foreign Policy KW - National Security KW - Superpowers KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60654306?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Internationale+Politik+und+Gesellschaft&rft.atitle=Reasserting+American+Exceptionalism+--+Confronting+the+World.+The+National+Security+Strategy+of+the+Bush+Administration&rft.au=Moss%2C+Kenneth+B&rft.aulast=Moss&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Internationale+Politik+und+Gesellschaft&rft.issn=09452419&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - IPGEE3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United States of America; Superpowers; National Security; Security Policy; Foreign Policy; International Relations; Hegemony ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Huntington Beach investigation; where are the bacteria from? AN - 51944945; 2003-065904 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Xu, Jingping AU - Noble, Marlene A AU - Jones, Burt AU - Rosenfeld, Leslie AU - Largier, John AU - Hamilton, Peter AU - Robertson, George Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 41 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - United States KW - ocean circulation KW - sea water KW - sewage KW - pollutants KW - Orange County California KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - tides KW - California KW - beaches KW - Southern California KW - transport KW - bacteria KW - USGS KW - Huntington Beach California KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51944945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=The+Huntington+Beach+investigation%3B+where+are+the+bacteria+from%3F&rft.au=Xu%2C+Jingping%3BNoble%2C+Marlene+A%3BJones%2C+Burt%3BRosenfeld%2C+Leslie%3BLargier%2C+John%3BHamilton%2C+Peter%3BRobertson%2C+George&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Jingping&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-097/ https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/browse/usgs-publications/OFR LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Natural science and public health; prescription for a better environment N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Sept. 3, 2003 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; beaches; California; Huntington Beach California; ocean circulation; Orange County California; pollutants; pollution; sea water; sewage; Southern California; surface water; tides; transport; United States; USGS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Shoaling transformation of wave frequency-directional spectra AN - 51871770; 2004-027428 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Herbers, T H C AU - Orzech, Mark AU - Elgar, Steve AU - Guza, R T Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 17 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 108 IS - C1 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - United States KW - Northwest Atlantic KW - ocean circulation KW - surf zones KW - sediment transport KW - elevation KW - statistical analysis KW - Duck North Carolina KW - Dare County North Carolina KW - frequency KW - nearshore environment KW - boundary conditions KW - beaches KW - gravity waves KW - ocean waves KW - North Carolina KW - mathematical methods KW - heat transfer KW - Boussinesq approximation KW - North Atlantic KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51871770?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Shoaling+transformation+of+wave+frequency-directional+spectra&rft.au=Herbers%2C+T+H+C%3BOrzech%2C+Mark%3BElgar%2C+Steve%3BGuza%2C+R+T&rft.aulast=Herbers&rft.aufirst=T+H&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=C1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001JC001304 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; beaches; boundary conditions; Boussinesq approximation; Dare County North Carolina; Duck North Carolina; elevation; frequency; gravity waves; heat transfer; mathematical methods; nearshore environment; North Atlantic; North Carolina; Northwest Atlantic; ocean circulation; ocean waves; sediment transport; statistical analysis; surf zones; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001JC001304 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Topics in passive bistatic remote sensing AN - 51773130; 2005-001691 AB - This paper presents a succinct overview of a research effort involving Passive Bistatic Remote Sensing. Included were antenna analysis, direction of arrival estimation analysis, waveform analysis, direction of arrival error analysis, and receiver location analysis. JF - International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium AU - Terzuoli, Andrew J, Jr AU - Gilgallon, Paul AU - Howland, Paul AU - Massonnet, Didier Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 787 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, New York, NY VL - 2003, Volume 2 KW - systems KW - methods KW - geophysical methods KW - instruments KW - signals KW - remote sensing KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51773130?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium&rft.atitle=Topics+in+passive+bistatic+remote+sensing&rft.au=Terzuoli%2C+Andrew+J%2C+Jr%3BGilgallon%2C+Paul%3BHowland%2C+Paul%3BMassonnet%2C+Didier&rft.aulast=Terzuoli&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2003%2C+Volume+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=787&rft.isbn=0780379292&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2003 IEEE international geoscience and remote sensing symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03424 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - geophysical methods; instruments; methods; remote sensing; signals; systems ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of the method of temporal moments to interpret solute transport with sorption and degradation AN - 51169714; 2003-018069 AB - In this note, we applied the temporal moment solutions of [Das and Kluitenberg, 1996. Soil Sci. Am. J. 60, 1724] for one-dimensional advective-dispersive solute transport with linear equilibrium sorption and first-order degradation for time pulse sources to analyse soil column experimental data. Unlike most other moment solutions, these solutions consider the interplay of degradation and sorption. This permits estimation of a first-order degradation rate constant using the zeroth moment of column breakthrough data, as well as estimation of the retardation factor or sorption distribution coefficient of a degrading solute using the first moment. The method of temporal moment (MOM) formulae was applied to analyse breakthrough data from a laboratory column study of atrazine, hexazinone and rhodamine WT transport in volcanic pumice sand, as well as experimental data from the literature. Transport and degradation parameters obtained using the MOM were compared to parameters obtained by fitting breakthrough data from an advective-dispersive transport model with equilibrium sorption and first-order degradation, using the nonlinear least-square curve-fitting program CXTFIT. The results derived from using the literature data were also compared with estimates reported in the literature using different equilibrium models. The good agreement suggests that the MOM could provide an additional useful means of parameter estimation for transport involving equilibrium sorption and first-order degradation. We found that the MOM fitted breakthrough curves with tailing better than curve fitting. However, the MOM analysis requires complete breakthrough curves and relatively frequent data collection to ensure the accuracy of the moments obtained from the breakthrough data. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Pang, Liping AU - Goltz, Mark AU - Close, Murray Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 123 EP - 134 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 60 IS - 1-2 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - solute transport KW - sorption KW - experimental studies KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - one-dimensional models KW - herbicides KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - equilibrium KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - laboratory studies KW - triazines KW - organic compounds KW - transport KW - atrazine KW - pesticides KW - rhodamine KW - mobility KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51169714?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Application+of+the+method+of+temporal+moments+to+interpret+solute+transport+with+sorption+and+degradation&rft.au=Pang%2C+Liping%3BGoltz%2C+Mark%3BClose%2C+Murray&rft.aulast=Pang&rft.aufirst=Liping&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; atrazine; degradation; equilibrium; experimental studies; ground water; herbicides; laboratory studies; mathematical models; mobility; one-dimensional models; organic compounds; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; rhodamine; solute transport; solutes; sorption; transport; triazines ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Guidelines for long-term monitoring protocols AN - 19932245; 5870971 AB - Monitoring protocols are detailed study plans that explain how data are to be collected, managed, analyzed, and reported, and are a key component of quality assurance for natural resource monitoring programs. Protocols are necessary to ensure that changes detected by monitoring actually are occurring in nature and not simply a result of measurements taken by different people or in slightly different ways. We developed and present here guidelines for the recommended content and format of monitoring protocols. The National Park Service and United States Geological Survey have adopted these guidelines to assist scientists developing protocols for more than 270 national park units. JF - Wildlife Society Bulletin AU - Oakley, K L AU - Thomas, L P AU - Fancy, S G AD - National Park Service, 1201 Oak Ridge Dr., Suite 200, Fort Collins, CO 80525, USA, steven_fancy@nps.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 1000 EP - 1003 VL - 31 IS - 4 SN - 0091-7648, 0091-7648 KW - guidelines KW - monitoring protocols KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Human Population; Ecology Abstracts KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Environmental studies KW - National parks KW - Methodology KW - D 04001:Methodology - general KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M1 350:Monitoring and Quantitating Anthropogenic Processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19932245?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wildlife+Society+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Guidelines+for+long-term+monitoring+protocols&rft.au=Oakley%2C+K+L%3BThomas%2C+L+P%3BFancy%2C+S+G&rft.aulast=Oakley&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1000&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wildlife+Society+Bulletin&rft.issn=00917648&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental studies; Environmental monitoring; National parks; Methodology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genistein treatment protects mice from ionizing radiation injury AN - 19260387; 5831858 AB - The radioprotective and behavioral effects of an acute administration of the isoflavone genistein (4',5,7-trihydroxyflavone) were investigated in adult CD2F1 male mice. Mice were administered a single subcutaneous (s.c.) dose of genistein either 24 h or 1 h before a lethal dose of gamma radiation (9.5-Gy of cobalt-60 at 0.6 Gy min super(-1)). Mice received saline, PEG-400 vehicle or genistein at 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200, or 400 mg kg super(-1) body weight. For mice treated 24 h before irradiation there was a significant increase in 30-day survival for animals receiving genistein doses of 25 to 400 mg kg super(-1) (p < 0.001). In contrast, the 30-day survival rates of mice treated with genistein 1 h before irradiation were not significantly different from those of the vehicle control group. Additionally, the acute toxicity of genistein was evaluated in non-irradiated male mice administered a single s.c. injection of saline, vehicle, or genistein at 100, 200 or 400 mg kg super(-1). At these genistein doses there were no adverse effects, compared with controls, on locomotor activity, grip strength, motor coordination, body weight, testes weight, or histopathology. These results demonstrate that a single s.c. administration of the flavonoid genistein at non-toxic doses provides protection against acute radiation injury. JF - Journal of Applied Toxicology AU - Landauer, M R AU - Srinivasan, V AU - Seed, T M AD - Radiation Casualty Management Team, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD 20889-5603, USA, landauer@afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 379 EP - 385 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK, [mailto:customer@wiley.co.uk], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 23 IS - 6 SN - 0260-437X, 0260-437X KW - mice KW - genistein KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Radiation KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Radioprotective agents KW - X 24210:Radiation & radioactive materials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19260387?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Genistein+treatment+protects+mice+from+ionizing+radiation+injury&rft.au=Landauer%2C+M+R%3BSrinivasan%2C+V%3BSeed%2C+T+M&rft.aulast=Landauer&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=379&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Toxicology&rft.issn=0260437X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjat.904 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Radiation; Ionizing radiation; Radioprotective agents DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jat.904 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Peptidase Activity of Dipeptidyl Aminopeptidase IV Produced by Porphyromonas gingivalis Is Important but Not Sufficient for Virulence AN - 18951050; 5747471 AB - Porphyromonas gingivalis is a pathogen associated with adult periodontitis, which is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by breakdown of the periodontal tissue. Dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV (DPPIV) produced by P. gingivalis has been considered to be a potential virulence factor based on the finding that the virulence was reduced by disruption of the gene (dpp) coding for DPPIV. In the present study, we constructed a shuttle vector that is mobilized from Escherichia coli to P. gingivalis and is maintained stably in both bacteria, and we showed that the virulence was restored by introducing the cloned wild-type dpp gene into the null mutant of P. gingivalis using our vector system. To assess the implications of the peptidase activity in the virulence, mutant DPPIV with the catalytic Ser mutagenized to Ala (DPPSA) was produced. The P. gingivalis strain expressing DPPSA exhibited an intermediate virulence between the strain expressing wild-type DPPIV and the strain harboring a vector. From these results, it is suggested that peptidase activity is very important but not sufficient for virulence. JF - Microbiology and Immunology AU - Kumagai, Y AU - Yajima, A AU - Konishi, K AD - Department of Microbiology, Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan, konikiyo@tky.ndu.ac.jp Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 735 EP - 743 VL - 47 IS - 10 SN - 0385-5600, 0385-5600 KW - shuttle vectors KW - dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV KW - dpp gene KW - peptidase KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Virulence KW - Gene disruption KW - Porphyromonas gingivalis KW - Periodontitis KW - Mutagenesis KW - Inflammation KW - J 02844:Dental and oral UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18951050?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbiology+and+Immunology&rft.atitle=Peptidase+Activity+of+Dipeptidyl+Aminopeptidase+IV+Produced+by+Porphyromonas+gingivalis+Is+Important+but+Not+Sufficient+for+Virulence&rft.au=Kumagai%2C+Y%3BYajima%2C+A%3BKonishi%2C+K&rft.aulast=Kumagai&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=735&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbiology+and+Immunology&rft.issn=03855600&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Porphyromonas gingivalis; Gene disruption; Inflammation; Mutagenesis; Periodontitis; Virulence ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Individual and combined impacts of biomechanical and work organization factors in work-related musculoskeletal symptoms AN - 18724366; 5605142 AB - Investigations of work-related low back (LB) and upper extremity (UE) disorders have increasingly utilized multivariable models that include biomechanical/physical and work organization factors. However, the nature of any interactive effects is not well understood. Using questionnaires, high and low exposure groups for biomechanical/physical factors, cognitive demands, cognitive processing, interpersonal demands, participatory management, skill discretion, and time pressure for 289 individuals (U.S. Marines) were identified. Musculoskeletal symptom status was also determined by questionnaire. Individual and biomechanical-psychosocial combinations were examined in adjusted multivariable logistic regression analyses. Time pressure was associated with both LB and UE symptoms (odds ratio(s) (OR) range = 2.13-3.09), while higher biomechanical exposures were risk factors for LB symptoms (OR = 2.07; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.00-4.35) and concurrent LB and UE symptoms (OR = 2.80; CI: 1.35-5.83). Greater risks for concurrent LB and UE symptoms were indicated for combinations involving higher biomechanical exposure and: time pressure (OR = 2.21; CI: 1.19-4.10); cognitive demands (OR = 2.25; CI: 1.23- 4.09); cognitive processing (OR = 2.08; CI: 1.16-3.75); interpersonal demands (OR = 2.44; CI: 1.35-4.41); participatory management (OR = 2.50; CI: 1.30-4.81). Results did not suggest any interaction between biomechanical and work organization factors. While no synergism was indicated, the present findings emphasize the need to consider both biomechanical factors and specific work organization factors, particularly time pressure, in reducing musculoskeletal- related morbidity. Am. J. Ind. Med. 43:495-506, 2003. Published 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - American Journal of Industrial Medicine AU - Huang, G D AU - Feuerstein, M AU - Kop, W J AU - Schor, K AU - Arroyo, F AD - Department of Preventive Medicine & Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda 20814., ghuang@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 495 EP - 506 VL - 43 IS - 5 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - back KW - biomechanics KW - musculoskeletal system KW - upper extremities KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18724366?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.atitle=Individual+and+combined+impacts+of+biomechanical+and+work+organization+factors+in+work-related+musculoskeletal+symptoms&rft.au=Huang%2C+G+D%3BFeuerstein%2C+M%3BKop%2C+W+J%3BSchor%2C+K%3BArroyo%2C+F&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=495&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fajim.10212 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.10212 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The reduction of Fusobacterium nucleatum in mice is irrelevant to the nitric oxide induced by iNOS AN - 18686883; 5583252 AB - Previously we reported that mice infected recurrently with live Fusobacterim nucleatum (Fn) synthesize a significant amount of NO between 12 hr and 24 hr after the Fn injection. We now investigated whether the NO has the capability of killing Fn, a gram-negative rod periodontal pathogen. The mice were divided into three groups: treated with live bacteria (LB), treated with heat-killed bacteria (HKB) and untreated: normal (N). The Fn reduction, NO production and cell number after Fn injection were then compared in these mice. In the LB group, no Fn was detected at 6 hr, whereas it was still detected in the HKB and N groups at 24 hr as assessed by both colony counts and PCR assays. A significant amount of NO was synthesized in the LB group at 24 hr after the Fn injection. Fn is not killed by SNAP-generated NO in vitro. An increase in the total cell number was accompanied by an increase of the neutrophil numbers in the LB group. Intracellular O sub(2) super(-) generation (including ONOO super(-)) was visualized using dihydrorhodamine (DHR)-123. The peak of O sub(2) super(-) generation by PEC was shown to be at 3 hr in all 3 groups. The number of O sub(2) super(-) positive cells in the LB group at 3 hr was remarkably high, and most of them were likely to be neutrophils. The Fn reduction would be performed cooperatively via oxygen dependent and oxygen independent mechanisms. Thus reactive oxygen species (ROS) included in the oxygen dependent mechanism appear to be important for Fn reduction. However the significant amounts of NO derived from the iNOS synthesized in the LB group between 12 hr and 24 hr after injection of LFn were not involved in the Fn reduction. JF - Microbiology and Immunology AU - Kato, C AU - Mikami, M AU - Suzuki, A AU - Saito, K AD - Department of Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Nippon Dental University at Niigata, 1-8 Hamauracho, Niigata, Niigata 951-8580, Japan, ckato@ngt.ndu.ac.jp Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 27 EP - 35 VL - 47 IS - 1 SN - 0385-5600, 0385-5600 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02855:Human Bacteriology: Others UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18686883?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbiology+and+Immunology&rft.atitle=The+reduction+of+Fusobacterium+nucleatum+in+mice+is+irrelevant+to+the+nitric+oxide+induced+by+iNOS&rft.au=Kato%2C+C%3BMikami%2C+M%3BSuzuki%2C+A%3BSaito%2C+K&rft.aulast=Kato&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbiology+and+Immunology&rft.issn=03855600&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of nicotine and stress on locomotion in Sprague-Dawley and Long-Evans male and female rats AN - 18639016; 5543750 AB - Locomotor activity is widely used to study nicotine effects, including genotypic differences, in rodents. In rats, chronic nicotine's (administered via osmotic minipump) effects on locomotion may differ based on animal strain, with Long-Evans rats more sensitive than Sprague-Dawley rats. Males and females also may differ in sensitivity. No studies, however, have compared males and females of the two strains. In addition, stress relief is a frequently cited reason for smoking, but the behavioral consequences of nicotine-stress interactions have rarely been examined. This experiment evaluated locomotor responses of male and female Sprague-Dawley and Long-Evans rats to 0, 6, or 12 mg/kg/day nicotine administered by minipump. Half of the animals in each drug condition were exposed to 20 min/day of immobilization stress to examine nicotine-stress interactions. Horizontal and vertical activities were measured on Drug Days 4 and 10. Stress effects were minimal and stress did not alter effects of nicotine. Nicotine (6 mg/kg/day) increased horizontal activity among Long-Evans but not among Sprague-Dawleys, with greater effects in Long-Evans females. Nicotine (6 mg/kg/day) increased vertical activity of all groups and 12 mg/kg/day decreased vertical activity of all groups except for Sprague-Dawley males. Results indicate that genotype and sex are relevant to understand nicotine's behavioral actions. JF - Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior AU - Faraday, M M AU - O'Donoghue, V A AU - Grunberg, N E AD - Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA, Mfaraday@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - Jan 2003 SP - 325 EP - 333 VL - 74 IS - 2 SN - 0091-3057, 0091-3057 KW - rats KW - strain differences KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Y 25517:Mammals (excluding primates) KW - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18639016?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacology+Biochemistry+and+Behavior&rft.atitle=Effects+of+nicotine+and+stress+on+locomotion+in+Sprague-Dawley+and+Long-Evans+male+and+female+rats&rft.au=Faraday%2C+M+M%3BO%27Donoghue%2C+V+A%3BGrunberg%2C+N+E&rft.aulast=Faraday&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacology+Biochemistry+and+Behavior&rft.issn=00913057&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0091-3057%2802%2900999-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0091-3057(02)00999-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 4-1BB (CD137) Differentially Regulates Murine In Vivo Protein- and Polysaccharide-Specific Immunoglobulin Isotype Responses to Streptococcus pneumoniae AN - 18615249; 5532540 AB - 4-1BB (CD137) is induced on activated CD4 super(+) and CD8 super(+) T cells and delivers a costimulatory signal upon binding the 4-1BB ligand (4-1BBL) expressed on antigen-presenting cells. Induction of 4-1BB is dependent on activation via the T-cell receptor (TCR) and possibly CD28. It was previously demonstrated that both an in vivo protein (pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA))- and polysaccharide (phosphorylcholine (PC) determinant of teichoic acid)-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) isotype response to Streptococcus pneumoniae was dependent on CD4 super(+) TCR[alpha] beta super(+) T cells and B7-dependent costimulation through CD28. We thus postulated that 4-1BB costimulation would also play a role in regulating the in vivo anti-PspA and anti-PC response to S. pneumoniae. We demonstrate that mice genetically deficient in 4-1BBL elicit a markedly reduced IgM and IgG anti-PC but normal primary and secondary IgG anti-PspA responses to S. pneumoniae relative to those for wild-type mice. However, injection of an agonistic anti-4-1BB monoclonal antibody (MAb), while having no significant effect on the anti-PC response, strongly inhibits the primary anti- PspA response, the generation of PspA-specific memory, and germinal center formation but does not induce a lasting state of tolerance. In contrast, anti-4-1BB MAb has no effect on the anti-PspA response when injected only at the time of secondary immunization. Delay of the addition of anti-4-1BB leads to progressively less inhibition of the primary response up to day 8. This inhibition is independent of CD8 super(+) T cells and is associated with the expansion of CD4 super(+) T cells with an activated phenotype, which is partly dependent on B7-dependent costimulation. These data are the first to suggest a stimulatory role for endogenous 4-1BB-4-1BBL interactions during a humoral immune response to a pathogen and further underscore significant differences in costimulation requirements for an in vivo protein- versus polysaccharide-specific Ig isotype response to an extracellular bacterium. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Wu, Z AU - Khan, A Q AU - Shen, Y AU - Wolcott, K M AU - Dawicki, W AU - Watts, TH AU - Mittler, R S AU - Snapper, C M AD - Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814, csnapper@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - Jan 2003 SP - 196 EP - 204 VL - 71 IS - 1 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - 4-1BB antigen KW - CD137 antigen KW - mice KW - polysaccharides KW - Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02834:Vaccination and immunization KW - F 06801:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18615249?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=4-1BB+%28CD137%29+Differentially+Regulates+Murine+In+Vivo+Protein-+and+Polysaccharide-Specific+Immunoglobulin+Isotype+Responses+to+Streptococcus+pneumoniae&rft.au=Wu%2C+Z%3BKhan%2C+A+Q%3BShen%2C+Y%3BWolcott%2C+K+M%3BDawicki%2C+W%3BWatts%2C+TH%3BMittler%2C+R+S%3BSnapper%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=196&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FIAI.71.1.196-204.2003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.71.1.196-204.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of 3 tracking mediums for detecting forest carnivores AN - 17948264; 5871015 AB - Carbon soot is typically used as a medium to assess presence and distribution of forest carnivores at track stations. To reduce overall costs and transport of field equipment, I compared the efficacy of soot to that of photocopy toner and talcum powder as tracking mediums for forest carnivores at baited track stations. Ability to identify tracks to species was similar ( greater than or equal to 95% of tracks identifiable) among mediums. Percentage of tracks from which pad measurements could be made were comparable for toner (88%) and soot (81%) but lower for talcum powder (45%). Toe-pad measurements from 2 domestic animals using toner or soot also were similar (P greater than or equal to 0.33). Toner was as effective as soot as a tracking medium for forest carnivores, did not require specialized equipment, and was easier and safer to use than soot. I recommend using toner in future studies of forest carnivores involving baited track stations. JF - Wildlife Society Bulletin AU - Belant, J L AD - National Park Service, Pictured Rocks Science Center, P.O. Box 40, Munising, MI, USA, Jerry_Belant@nps.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 744 EP - 747 VL - 31 IS - 3 SN - 0091-7648, 0091-7648 KW - tracking medium KW - Mammals KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Carnivores KW - Mammalia KW - Forests KW - Tracking KW - D 04700:Management KW - D 04001:Methodology - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17948264?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wildlife+Society+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+3+tracking+mediums+for+detecting+forest+carnivores&rft.au=Belant%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Belant&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=744&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wildlife+Society+Bulletin&rft.issn=00917648&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mammalia; Tracking; Forests; Carnivores ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A hairsnare for forest carnivores AN - 17520341; 5871088 AB - I evaluated the efficacy of currycombs attached to cage-trap doors for snaring hair from forest carnivores as a non-invasive technique for detecting and monitoring wildlife populations. Raccoons (Procyon lotor), fishers (Martes pennanti), and American martens (M. americana) were the most common species sampled. In 13 of 16 initial trials, I obtained adequate hair samples using 2 currycombs. Species identification from hair collected during a field trial was 100%. Dorsal guard hairs collected facilitated identification. One nontarget mortality occurred because the individual could not raise the trap door to escape. This technique provides an additional tool for detecting presence and distribution of forest carnivores and ensures that single samples can be obtained for individual identification. With recent advances in DNA analyses, cost-effective population estimates for forest carnivores using hair samples are possible. JF - Wildlife Society Bulletin AU - Belant, J L AD - National Park Service, Pictured Rocks Science Center, P.O. Box 40, Munising, MI 49862, USA, Jerry_Belant@nps.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 482 EP - 485 VL - 31 IS - 2 SN - 0091-7648, 0091-7648 KW - American Marten KW - American Pine Marten KW - Fisher KW - Raccoon KW - hairsnare KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Martes pennanti KW - Carnivores KW - Forests KW - Identification KW - Hair KW - Genetics KW - Analytical techniques KW - Procyon lotor KW - DNA KW - Biological sampling KW - Monitoring KW - Martes americana KW - Q1 08382:Ecological techniques and apparatus KW - D 04001:Methodology - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17520341?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wildlife+Society+Bulletin&rft.atitle=A+hairsnare+for+forest+carnivores&rft.au=Belant%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Belant&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=482&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wildlife+Society+Bulletin&rft.issn=00917648&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genetics; Analytical techniques; Carnivores; DNA; Identification; Monitoring; Biological sampling; Hair; Forests; Martes pennanti; Procyon lotor; Martes americana ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Decision Analysis Methodology to Evaluate Integrated Solid Waste Management Alternatives AN - 16160628; 5635875 AB - Value-focused thinking, a decision analysis technique, is used to produce a multiple-objective model that captures a site's municipal solid waste (MSW) management goals, objectives, and concerns in order to facilitate the evaluation of competing strategies. The model ranks competing MSW alternatives based on how well they meet the decision maker's strategic objective, a 20-year compliant MSW system. Sensitivity analysis is incorporated in the model to assess and illustrate the effects of changes in model objective weights and changes in model parameters. Overall, the model provides decision-makers with a decision tool to make a better decision when choosing a new MSW management strategy. The entire process is applied to a case study using Earekson Air Station, a remote U.S. Air Force installation. JF - Environmental Modeling and Assessment AU - Chambal, S AU - Shoviak, M AU - Thal, AE Jr AD - Department of Operational Sciences, Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433, USA Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 25 EP - 34 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 8 IS - 1 SN - 1420-2026, 1420-2026 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Mathematical models KW - decision making KW - Municipal solid wastes KW - Waste management KW - Decision making KW - Military KW - W4 220:Environmental Modeling KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16160628?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Modeling+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Decision+Analysis+Methodology+to+Evaluate+Integrated+Solid+Waste+Management+Alternatives&rft.au=Chambal%2C+S%3BShoviak%2C+M%3BThal%2C+AE+Jr&rft.aulast=Chambal&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Modeling+and+Assessment&rft.issn=14202026&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Decision making; Mathematical models; decision making; Military; Municipal solid wastes; Waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Local application of dopamine inhibits pyramidal tract neuron activity in the rodent motor cortex. AN - 85234665; pmid-12466459 AB - Cortical neurons respond in a variety of ways to locally applied dopamine, perhaps because of the activation of different receptors within or among subpopulations of cells. This study was conducted to assess the effects of dopamine and the receptor subtypes that mediate the responses of a specific population of neurons, the pyramidal tract neurons (PTNs) in the rodent motor cortex. The specific subfamilies of dopamine receptors expressed by PTNs also were determined. PTNs were identified by antidromic stimulation in intact animals. Extracellular recordings of their spontaneous activity and glutamate-induced excitation were performed with multi-barrel pipettes to allow simultaneous recording and iontophoresis of several drugs. Prolonged (30 s) application of dopamine caused a progressive, nonlinear decrease in spontaneous firing rates for nearly all PTNs, with significant reductions from baseline spontaneous activity (71% of baseline levels) occurring between 20 and 30 s of iontophoresis. The D1 selective (SCH23390) and the D2 selective (eticlopride) antagonists were both effective in blocking dopamine-induced inhibition in nearly all PTNs. Mean firing levels were maintained within 3% of baseline levels during co-application of the D1 antagonist with dopamine and within 11% of baseline levels during co-application of the D2 antagonist and dopamine. SCH23390 was ineffective however, in 2 of 16 PTNs, and eticlopride was ineffective in 3 PTNs. The dopamine blockade by both antagonists in most neurons, along with the selective blockade by one, but not the other antagonist in a few neurons indicate that the overall population of PTNs exhibits a heterogeneous expression of dopamine receptors. The firing rate of PTNs was significantly enhanced by iontophoresis of glutamate (mean = 141% of baseline levels). These increases were attenuated significantly (mean= 98% of baseline) by co-application with dopamine in all PTNs, indicating dopaminergic interactions with glutamate transmission. The expression of dopamine receptors was studied with dual-labeling techniques. PTNs were identified by retrograde labeling with fast blue and the D1a, D2, or D5 receptor proteins were stained immunohistochemically. Some, but not all PTNs, showed labeling for D1a, D2, or D5 receptors. The D1a and D2 receptor immunoreactivity was observed primarily in the somata of PTNs, whereas D5 immunoreactivity extended well into the apical dendrites of PTNs. In accordance with findings of D1 and D2 receptor antagonism of dopamine's actions, the identification of three DA receptor subtypes on PTNs suggests that dopamine can directly modulate PTN activity through one or more receptor subtypes. JF - Journal of Neurophysiology AU - Awenowicz, Patrick W AU - Porter, Linda L AD - Program in Neuroscience, Physiology, and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA. PY - 2002 SP - 3439 EP - 3451 VL - 88 IS - 6 SN - 0022-3077, 0022-3077 KW - Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. KW - Glutamic Acid KW - Animal KW - Motor Cortex KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Dopamine KW - Receptors, Dopamine D2 KW - Receptors, Dopamine D1 KW - Neurons KW - Support, Non-U.S. Gov't KW - Pyramidal Tracts KW - Administration, Topical KW - Neural Inhibition UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85234665?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Neurophysiology&rft.atitle=Local+application+of+dopamine+inhibits+pyramidal+tract+neuron+activity+in+the+rodent+motor+cortex.&rft.au=Awenowicz%2C+Patrick+W%3BPorter%2C+Linda+L&rft.aulast=Awenowicz&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=3439&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Neurophysiology&rft.issn=00223077&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-dose antibiotic therapy is superior to a 3-drug combination of prostanoids and lipid A derivative in protecting irradiated canines. AN - 72874304; 12674200 AB - There is an urgent need to develop non-toxic radioprotectors. We tested the efficacy of a 3-drug combination (3-DC) of iloprost, misoprostol, and 3D-MPL (3-deacylated monophosphoryl lipid A) and the effects of postirradiation clinical support with high doses of antibiotics and blood transfusion. Canines were given 3-DC or the vehicle and exposed to 3.4 Gy or 4.1 Gy of 60Co radiation. Canines irradiated at 4.1 Gy were also given clinical support, which consisted of blood transfusion and antibiotics (gentamicin, and cefoxitin or cephalexin). Peripheral blood cell profile and 60-day survival were used as indices of protection. At 3.4 Gy, 3-DC- or vehicle-treated canines without postirradiation clinical support survived only for 10 to 12 days. Fifty percent of the canines treated with 3-DC or vehicle and provided postirradiation clinical support survived 4.1-Gy irradiation. Survival of canines treated with vehicle before irradiation significantly correlated with postirradiation antibiotic treatments, but not with blood transfusion. The recovery profile of peripheral blood cells in 4.1 Gy-irradiated canines treated with vehicle and antibiotics was better than drug-treated canines. These results indicate that therapy with high doses of intramuscular aminoglycoside antibiotic (gentamicin) and an oral cephalosporin (cephalexin) enhanced survival of irradiated canines. Although blood transfusion correlated with survival of 3-DC treated canines, there were no additional survivors with 3-DC treated canines than the controls. JF - Journal of radiation research AU - Kumar, K Sree AU - Srinivasan, V AU - Toles, Raymond E AU - Miner, Venita L AU - Jackson, William E AU - Seed, Thomas M AD - Radiation Casualty Management Team, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA. kumar@afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 361 EP - 370 VL - 43 IS - 4 SN - 0449-3060, 0449-3060 KW - Drug Combinations KW - 0 KW - Gentamicins KW - Lipid A KW - Misoprostol KW - 0E43V0BB57 KW - Cefoxitin KW - 6OEV9DX57Y KW - Iloprost KW - JED5K35YGL KW - monophosphoryl lipid A KW - MWC0ET1L2P KW - Cephalexin KW - OBN7UDS42Y KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Dogs KW - Blood Transfusion KW - Leukocyte Count KW - Survival Analysis KW - Radiation Injuries -- drug therapy KW - Cephalexin -- therapeutic use KW - Gentamicins -- therapeutic use KW - Misoprostol -- therapeutic use KW - Drug Therapy, Combination -- therapeutic use KW - Iloprost -- therapeutic use KW - Lipid A -- pharmacology KW - Cefoxitin -- therapeutic use KW - Lipid A -- analogs & derivatives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72874304?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+radiation+research&rft.atitle=High-dose+antibiotic+therapy+is+superior+to+a+3-drug+combination+of+prostanoids+and+lipid+A+derivative+in+protecting+irradiated+canines.&rft.au=Kumar%2C+K+Sree%3BSrinivasan%2C+V%3BToles%2C+Raymond+E%3BMiner%2C+Venita+L%3BJackson%2C+William+E%3BSeed%2C+Thomas+M&rft.aulast=Kumar&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=361&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+radiation+research&rft.issn=04493060&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-25 N1 - Date created - 2003-04-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Study of corneal lesions induced by 1,318-nm laser radiation pulses in Dutch belted rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). AN - 72826536; 12540163 AB - Use of high-energy near-infrared lasers is becoming more prevalent in today's industries, such as technology, medicine, and military operations. Despite wide-range use of these lasers, threshold, median effective dose (ED50), and the mechanism of laser-tissue interaction are not well defined at the 1,318-nm wavelength for human corneal exposures. The goals of the study reported here were to establish the ED50 for single-pulse, 1,318-nm laser exposures on the Dutch Belted rabbit cornea and to characterize microscopic changes. Results of this study were then compared with those of previous corneal studies. A neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser was used to deliver single 1,318-nm wavelength pulses to the corneas of 10 female Dutch Belted rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Single pulses of 0.5-ms duration and radiant energy ranging from 116 to 2,250 J/cm2 irradiated the exposure sites. Sites were clinically evaluated for presence of a lesion at one hour and 24-h after exposure. Results of the 24-h evaluation were used to determine the (ED50). Corneas were subsequently collected at the 24-h endpoint for microscopic evaluation. The ED50 for 1,318-nm exposures to the rabbit cornea was determined to be 382 J/cm2, as measured at the 1/e2 (0.865 times that of the peak power per unit area). At each exposure site, there was a small (< 1 mm in diameter), white, circular, well demarcated corneal lesion characterized histologically by a band of stromal coagulative necrosis and endothelial necrosis, with sparing of the anterior epithelium. In addition, there appeared some potential for damage to Descemet's membrane at the highest energy level tested. Findings indicate that the rabbit corneais subject to injury at the 1,318-nm wavelength with the established ED50. JF - Comparative medicine AU - Ketzenberger, Bryan AU - Johnson, Thomas E AU - Van Gessel, Yvonne A AU - Wild, Steven P AU - Roach, W P AD - Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA. Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 513 EP - 517 VL - 52 IS - 6 SN - 1532-0820, 1532-0820 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Corneal Opacity -- etiology KW - Corneal Opacity -- pathology KW - Rabbits KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Time Factors KW - Female KW - Radiation Injuries, Experimental -- pathology KW - Cornea -- radiation effects KW - Cornea -- pathology KW - Lasers -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72826536?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Comparative+medicine&rft.atitle=Study+of+corneal+lesions+induced+by+1%2C318-nm+laser+radiation+pulses+in+Dutch+belted+rabbits+%28Oryctolagus+cuniculus%29.&rft.au=Ketzenberger%2C+Bryan%3BJohnson%2C+Thomas+E%3BVan+Gessel%2C+Yvonne+A%3BWild%2C+Steven+P%3BRoach%2C+W+P&rft.aulast=Ketzenberger&rft.aufirst=Bryan&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=513&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Comparative+medicine&rft.issn=15320820&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-06-11 N1 - Date created - 2003-01-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Erratum In: Comp Med. 2003 Jun;53(3):313 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Twenty Years after: Argentina in the Wake of the South Atlantic War AN - 60614443; 200312908 AB - Political developments within contemporary Argentina are explored to determine whether the nation's ongoing attempt to establish a democratic system will persist. The effects of Argentina's 'dirty war,' defined as the government's repression & disappearance of political dissidents during the 1970s & early 1980s, on the nation's political stability are considered; specific attention is dedicated to analyzing the Alfonsin & Menem administrations' respective attempts to negotiate the lingering effects of Argentina's dirty war. Various developments within the Argentinean military are then addressed, eg, the noticeable reduction in ready military officers & the Navy's replacement of aircraft carriers with submerged craft. It is subsequently argued that Argentina's impending economic difficulties will not become disastrous enough to prompt a military takeover of the nation's government. Three potential directions for the future role of Argentina's armed forces are identified, eg, performing regional peacekeeping functions & occasionally contributing to the international war on terrorism. J. W. Parker JF - Defense & Security Analysis AU - Arquilla, John AU - Rasmussen, Maria Moyano AD - c/o Rasmussen -- Dept Defense Analysis, US Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 351 EP - 362 VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 1475-1798, 1475-1798 KW - Political Systems KW - Argentina KW - Political History KW - Militarism KW - Repression (Political) KW - Democracy KW - Armed Forces KW - Political Development KW - Futures (of Society) KW - article KW - 9085: government/political systems; national governments/political systems KW - 9091: government/political systems; armed forces UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60614443?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Defense+%26+Security+Analysis&rft.atitle=Twenty+Years+after%3A+Argentina+in+the+Wake+of+the+South+Atlantic+War&rft.au=Arquilla%2C+John%3BRasmussen%2C+Maria+Moyano&rft.aulast=Arquilla&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=351&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Defense+%26+Security+Analysis&rft.issn=14751798&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F1475179022000024475 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Political Development; Argentina; Democracy; Political Systems; Political History; Repression (Political); Armed Forces; Militarism; Futures (of Society) DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1475179022000024475 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Determinants of Lebanese Attitudes toward Palestinian Resettlement: An Analysis of Survey Data AN - 60461045; 200311636 AB - A principal goal of this study has been to assess the impact of social distance on attitudes towards Palestinian resettlement using comprehensive cross-cultural survey research. The results are clear & consistent for all Lebanese subgroups. Social distance is a significant predictor of attitudes toward resettlement for all six subgroups examined. Specifically, social distance is inversely & consistently associated with unfavorable attitudes toward the prospect of the permanent settlement of Palestinian refugees in Lebanon. These findings indicate on one hand, that the majority of Sunnis & Druze respondents endorse communal ties with Palestinians & approve their permanent economic, social, & political integration. However, social distance influences political attitudes toward Palestinian resettlement, namely in the case of Christian & Shii groups. Hence, for most Lebanese the question is about their political survival not Palestinian resettlement. If the actual perceptions stand, resettlement will create a potential for communal conflict & will affect the social cohesion of the society. 5 Tables, 68 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Peace and Conflict Studies AU - Haddad, Simon AD - Notre-Dame U, Lebanon shaddad@ndu.edu.lb Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 95 EP - 119 VL - 9 IS - 2 SN - 1082-7307, 1082-7307 KW - Social Cohesion KW - Social Distance KW - Palestinians KW - Relocation KW - Religious Cultural Groups KW - Lebanon KW - Public Opinion KW - article KW - 0827: mass phenomena; public opinion KW - 0911: political sociology/interactions; interactions between societies, nations, & states UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60461045?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Peace+and+Conflict+Studies&rft.atitle=The+Determinants+of+Lebanese+Attitudes+toward+Palestinian+Resettlement%3A+An+Analysis+of+Survey+Data&rft.au=Haddad%2C+Simon&rft.aulast=Haddad&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Peace+and+Conflict+Studies&rft.issn=10827307&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - PCSTFR N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lebanon; Public Opinion; Palestinians; Relocation; Social Distance; Social Cohesion; Religious Cultural Groups ER - TY - JOUR T1 - C-vector for identification of oceanic secondary circulations across Arctic fronts in Fram Strait AN - 51874095; 2004-024555 JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Chu, Peter C Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 4 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 29 IS - 24 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - currents KW - ocean circulation KW - density KW - vorticity KW - Norwegian Sea KW - C-vector method KW - ocean currents KW - temperature KW - atmospheric circulation KW - conductivity KW - circulation KW - mathematical methods KW - conductivity-temperature-depth data KW - Arctic Ocean KW - bathymetry KW - Fram Strait KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51874095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=C-vector+for+identification+of+oceanic+secondary+circulations+across+Arctic+fronts+in+Fram+Strait&rft.au=Chu%2C+Peter+C&rft.aulast=Chu&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002GL015978 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arctic Ocean; atmospheric circulation; bathymetry; C-vector method; circulation; conductivity; conductivity-temperature-depth data; currents; density; Fram Strait; mathematical methods; Norwegian Sea; ocean circulation; ocean currents; temperature; vorticity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002GL015978 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fuzzy multiple-criteria decision-making approach for industrial green engineering. AN - 27141192; 200301-63-0244 (CE); 05854194 (EN) AB - This paper describes a fuzzy hierarchical analytic approach to determine the weighting of subjective judgments. In addition, it presents a nonadditive fuzzy integral technique to evaluate a green engineering industry case as a fuzzy multicriteria decision-making (FMCDM) problem. When the investment strategies are evaluated from various aspects, such as economic effectiveness, technical feasibility, and environmental regulation, it can be regarded as an FMCDM problem. Since stakeholders cannot clearly estimate each considered criterion in terms of numerical values for the anticipated alternatives/strategies, fuzziness is considered to be applicable. Consequently, this paper uses triangular fuzzy numbers to establish weights and anticipated achievement values. By ranking fuzzy weights and fuzzy synthetic utility values, we can determine the relative importance of criteria and decide the best strategies. This paper applies what is called a lambda fuzzy measure and nonadditive fuzzy integral technique to evaluate the synthetic performance of green engineering strategies for aquatic products processors in Taiwan. In addition, we demonstrate that the nonadditive fuzzy integral is an effective evaluation and appears to be appropriate, especially when the criteria are not independent. JF - Environmental Management AU - Chiou, H.-K. AU - Tzeng, G.-H. AD - Department of Statistics, College of Management, National Defense University, P.O. Box 90046-15 Chungho, Taipei 235, Taiwan PY - 2002 SP - 816 EP - 830 PB - Springer-Verlag (New York), 175 Fifth Ave , New York, NY, 10010, USA, [URL:http://www.link.springer-ny.com] VL - 30 IS - 6 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Fuzzy logic KW - Fuzzy set theory KW - Criteria KW - Management KW - Economics KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Control KW - Realizability KW - Investment strategy KW - Article KW - EE 10:General Environmental Engineering (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/27141192?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Fuzzy+multiple-criteria+decision-making+approach+for+industrial+green+engineering.&rft.au=Chiou%2C+H.-K.%3BTzeng%2C+G.-H.&rft.aulast=Chiou&rft.aufirst=H.-K.&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=816&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00267-002-2673-z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - Document feature - Numerical Data N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-002-2673-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New Strategies for the Prevention of Radiation Injury: Possible Implications for Countering Radiation Hazards of Long-term Space Travel AN - 18843748; 5742353 AB - New strategies for the prevention of radiation injuries are currently being explored with the ultimate aim of developing globally radioprotective, nontoxic pharmacologics. The prophylactic treatments under review encompass such diverse pharmacologic classes as novel immunomodulators, nutritional antioxidants, and cytokines. An immunomodulator that shows promise is 5-androstenediol (AED), a well-tolerated, long-acting androstene steroid with broad-spectrum radioprotective attributes that include not only protection against acute tissue injury, but also reduced susceptibility to infectious agents, as well as reduced rates of neoplastic transformation. Other potentially useful radioprotectants currently under study include the nutraceutical vitamin E and analogs, a chemically-engineered cytokine, interleukin-1 beta , and a sustained-release formulation of an aminothiol, amifostine. Results suggest that a new paradigm is evolving for the prophylaxes of radiation injuries, based on use of newly identified, nontoxic, broad-spectrum prophylactic agents whose protective action may be leveraged by subsequent postexposure use of cytokines with organ-specific reparative functions. JF - Journal of Radiation Research AU - Seed, T AU - Kumar, S AU - Whitnall, M AU - Srinivasan, V AU - Singh, V AU - Elliott, T AU - Landauer, M AU - Miller, A AU - Chang, C-M AU - Inal, C AU - Deen, J AU - Gehlhaus, M AU - Jackson, W III AU - Hilyard, E AD - Radiation Casualty Management, Radiation Infection Treatments, Veterinary Sciences Department Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20889-5603, USA, seed@afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 SP - S239 EP - S244 VL - 43 SN - 0449-3060, 0449-3060 KW - prevention KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18843748?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Radiation+Research&rft.atitle=New+Strategies+for+the+Prevention+of+Radiation+Injury%3A+Possible+Implications+for+Countering+Radiation+Hazards+of+Long-term+Space+Travel&rft.au=Seed%2C+T%3BKumar%2C+S%3BWhitnall%2C+M%3BSrinivasan%2C+V%3BSingh%2C+V%3BElliott%2C+T%3BLandauer%2C+M%3BMiller%2C+A%3BChang%2C+C-M%3BInal%2C+C%3BDeen%2C+J%3BGehlhaus%2C+M%3BJackson%2C+W+III%3BHilyard%2C+E&rft.aulast=Seed&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=&rft.spage=S239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Radiation+Research&rft.issn=04493060&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Supplement: Space Radiation Research. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Epidemic of hepatitis E in a military unit in Abbottabad, Pakistan AN - 18829829; 5729589 AB - An outbreak of hepatitis caused by hepatitis E virus (HEV) in Abbottabad, Pakistan was traced to fecal contamination of a water system. Of 109 men hospitalized with hepatitis, 104 (95%) had serologic evidence of acute hepatitis E (IgM antibody to HEV [anti-HEV]), three (3%) probably had acute hepatitis E (high titers of IgG anti-HEV without IgM), and two had acute hepatitis A. Among a subset of 44 men with acute hepatitis E from whom three serum specimens were obtained over a four-month period, the anti-HEV IgG geometric mean titers (GMTs) decreased from 1,519 during the outbreak to 657 at four months. The IgM anti-HEV was detected in 40 (91%) of 44 sera obtained at admission (GMT = 533 during acute disease), but in only six (14%) four months later. The prevalence of anti-HEV in this population before the outbreak was estimated to be 30%. The presence of IgG anti-HEV appeared to protect against clinical hepatitis or development of serologic evidence of new infection with HEV. This is the second major epidemic of hepatitis E in the Pakistani military confirmed by an anti-HEV enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Evidence that pre-existing antibody as measured by this ELISA protects against disease is important for assessment of vaccine development. JF - American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene AU - Bryan, J P AU - Iqbal, M AU - Tsarev, S AU - Malik, IA AU - Duncan, J F AU - Ahmed, A AU - Khan, A AU - Rafiqui, A R AU - Purcell, R H AU - Legters, L J AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 SP - 662 EP - 668 VL - 67 IS - 6 SN - 0002-9637, 0002-9637 KW - feces KW - hepatitis E KW - outbreaks KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - V 22123:Epidemiology KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18829829?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Tropical+Medicine+and+Hygiene&rft.atitle=Epidemic+of+hepatitis+E+in+a+military+unit+in+Abbottabad%2C+Pakistan&rft.au=Bryan%2C+J+P%3BIqbal%2C+M%3BTsarev%2C+S%3BMalik%2C+IA%3BDuncan%2C+J+F%3BAhmed%2C+A%3BKhan%2C+A%3BRafiqui%2C+A+R%3BPurcell%2C+R+H%3BLegters%2C+L+J&rft.aulast=Bryan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=662&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Tropical+Medicine+and+Hygiene&rft.issn=00029637&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Host feeding preferences of Anopheles species collected by manual aspiration, mechanical aspiration, and from a vehicle-mounted trap in the Toledo District, Belize, Central America AN - 18745546; 5615357 AB - The host-feeding patterns of Anopheles albimanus, Anopheles vestitipennis, and Anopheles punctimacula from the Toledo District in southern Belize were studied with blood-fed females that were collected by manual aspiration, a backpack aspirator, and a vehicle-mounted trap for sampling in-flight mosquito populations. Female An. vestitipennis collected from both inside and outside house walls by manual aspiration tested positive for human blood meals (88 and 67%, respectively). At increasing distances from the houses, specimens of An. vestitipennis collected from vegetation with the backpack aspirator were equally positive for human and cattle blood (44 and 43%, respectively). In contrast, 68% of the An. albimanus specimens (148) collected by backpack aspiration tested positive for cattle blood. Engorged An. vestitipennis from vehicle-mounted trap collections tested positive for cattle (108) and human (52) blood. Almost all specimens of An. albimanus from these collections were positive for cow (95%). After analyzing the data from the An. vestitipennis samples using the feeding index, the ratio of human blood to all other bloodmeal sources showed indices greater than 1. Both An. albimanus and An. punctimacula fed mostly on cattle and rarely fed on humans. Foraging ratios for the 3 Anopheles species were very similar to the feeding indexes. Ratios based on data from all collection methods showed that An. vestitipennis feeds predominately on humans. The foraging ratios for An. albimanus demonstrated consistent preferences for nonhuman hosts. As with previous studies, An. albimanus seemed to prefer cattle and pigs to almost all other host species. JF - Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association AU - Grieco, J P AU - Achee, N L AU - Andre, R G AU - Roberts AD - Division of Tropical Public Health, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, USUHS 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 SP - 307 EP - 315 VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 8756-971X, 8756-971X KW - Diptera KW - Mosquitoes KW - cattle hosts KW - human hosts KW - pig hosts KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Entomology Abstracts KW - Biological vectors KW - Belize KW - Belize, Toledo Dist. KW - Human diseases KW - Protozoan diseases KW - Anopheles vestitipennis KW - Vectors KW - Anopheles punctimacula KW - Culicidae KW - Malaria KW - Host preferences KW - Anopheles albimanus KW - Disease transmission KW - Public health KW - Feeding behaviour KW - Feeding behavior KW - Aquatic insects KW - Urban environments KW - Z 05206:Medical & veterinary entomology KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18745546?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Mosquito+Control+Association&rft.atitle=Host+feeding+preferences+of+Anopheles+species+collected+by+manual+aspiration%2C+mechanical+aspiration%2C+and+from+a+vehicle-mounted+trap+in+the+Toledo+District%2C+Belize%2C+Central+America&rft.au=Grieco%2C+J+P%3BAchee%2C+N+L%3BAndre%2C+R+G%3BRoberts&rft.aulast=Grieco&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=307&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Mosquito+Control+Association&rft.issn=8756971X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological vectors; Human diseases; Feeding behaviour; Protozoan diseases; Malaria; Host preferences; Aquatic insects; Public health; Disease transmission; Vectors; Feeding behavior; Urban environments; Anopheles vestitipennis; Culicidae; Anopheles punctimacula; Anopheles albimanus; Belize, Toledo Dist.; Belize ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatio-Temporal Variation in Crayfish Production in Disturbed Marl Prairie Marshes of the Florida Everglades AN - 18684919; 5584131 AB - We used the burrowing crayfish Procambarus alleni as a model organism to compare spatial and temporal patterns of density, standing crop biomass, and size-structured productivity in the seasonal wetlands of the Florida Everglades where environmental stress has been exacerbated by hydropattern disturbance. Crayfish density was not linked to fluctuations in water temperature or dissolved oxygen and was only artifactually associated with water depth. Density and biomass within sites were similar over time but increased significantly in habitats with longer hydroperiods (duration of flooding). The effect of hydroperiod-associated habitat quality on annual crayfish production, in terms of size-structured growth and recruit production, was even more pronounced. Crayfish production in the long-hydroperiod sites was approximately two times greater than in medium-hydroperiod sites and five times greater than in short-hydroperiod sites. Turnover ratios (productivity:biomass) showed that the spatial trend in productivity consistently lagged density and biomass trends in the shorter hydroperiod habitat, indicative of population sink conditions. The long-hydroperiod sites were characterized by high productivity and appeared to function as population sources from which crayfish dispersed to nearby, often marginal, habitats. Therefore, the spatial extent and distribution of short-hydroperiod sink habitats significantly impacted crayfish density, population size structure, and productivity. JF - Journal of Freshwater Ecology AU - Acosta, CA AU - Perry, SueA AD - South Florida Natural Resources Center, Everglades National Park, 40001 State Rd. 9336, Homestead, Florida 33034 USA, sue_perry@nps.gov Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 SP - 641 EP - 650 VL - 17 IS - 4 SN - 0270-5060, 0270-5060 KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts KW - Procambarus alleni KW - Biological production KW - USA, Florida, Everglades KW - USA, Florida KW - Temporal variations KW - Extensive culture KW - Marshes KW - Freshwater KW - Biomass KW - Environmental factors KW - Spatial variations KW - Production KW - Disturbance KW - Crayfish culture KW - Q3 08583:Shellfish culture KW - D 04665:Crustaceans KW - Q1 08481:Productivity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18684919?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Freshwater+Ecology&rft.atitle=Spatio-Temporal+Variation+in+Crayfish+Production+in+Disturbed+Marl+Prairie+Marshes+of+the+Florida+Everglades&rft.au=Acosta%2C+CA%3BPerry%2C+SueA&rft.aulast=Acosta&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=641&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Freshwater+Ecology&rft.issn=02705060&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Spatial variations; Biological production; Temporal variations; Extensive culture; Marshes; Crayfish culture; Environmental factors; Production; Disturbance; Biomass; Procambarus alleni; USA, Florida, Everglades; USA, Florida; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Catastrophic Injuries in Wrestlers AN - 18660392; 5567713 AB - Background: There is a paucity of comprehensive information on catastrophic wrestling injuries. Objective: Our objective was to develop a profile of catastrophic injuries in wrestling and a list of relevant risk factors. Study Design: Retrospective review. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 35 incidents that were reported to the National Center for Catastrophic Sports Injury Research over an 18-year period from 1981 until 1999. Results: Except in the case of one male college athlete, all injuries occurred in male high school wrestlers. There were 2.11 direct catastrophic injuries per year or 1 per 100,000 participants. The majority of injuries occurred in match competitions (80%), with a trend toward more injuries in the low- and middle-weight classes. The position most frequently associated with injury was the defensive position during the takedown maneuver (74%), followed by the down position (23%), and the lying position (3%). Catastrophic injuries included 27 cervical fractures or major cervical ligament injuries, 4 spinal cord contusions with transient quadriparesis, 3 severe head injuries, and an acutely herniated lumbar disc. The injuries resulted in quadriplegia in 11, residual neurologic deficits in 6, paraplegia in 1, and death in 1 head-injured athlete. Conclusions: Although catastrophic injuries in wrestling are rare, they do occur. Referees can help prevent such injuries by strictly enforcing penalties for slams and by gaining more awareness of dangerous holds. Coaches may also prevent serious injuries by emphasizing proper wrestling techniques. JF - American Journal of Sports Medicine AU - Boden, B P AU - Lin, W AU - Young, M AU - Mueller, F O AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, The Orthopaedic Center, 9711 Medical Center Drive, No. 201, Rockville, MD 20850, USA Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 SP - 791 EP - 795 VL - 30 IS - 6 SN - 0363-5465, 0363-5465 KW - athletes KW - wrestling KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Physical Education Index KW - H 11000:Diseases/Injuries/Trauma KW - PE 090:Sports Medicine & Exercise Sport Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18660392?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Sports+Medicine&rft.atitle=Catastrophic+Injuries+in+Wrestlers&rft.au=Boden%2C+B+P%3BLin%2C+W%3BYoung%2C+M%3BMueller%2C+F+O&rft.aulast=Boden&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=791&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Sports+Medicine&rft.issn=03635465&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Physical Education Index; ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chromate Dissociation from Three Types of Paint Particles AN - 18639310; 5539628 AB - Chromate-containing primer paints are used to inhibit corrosion on metal surfaces. Though chromate contains hexavalent chromium (Cr super(6+)), a human carcinogen, there is little epidemiological evidence of increased lung cancer among spray painters. One reason may be that the paint matrix hinders the release of Cr super(6+) from the paint particle during the time that the particle is within the lungs. This study measures the mass of Cr super(6+) released from particles originating from three types of paint particles: solvent-borne epoxy, water-borne epoxy, and polyurethane. Impingers were used to collect paint particles into water and particles were held in the water at rest for 1 and 24 h residence times. Particles were then separated from the water by centrifugation. The supernatant was tested for dissolved Cr super(6+), which was compared to the total Cr super(6+) (dissolved Cr super(6+) plus Cr super(6+) in particles). The mean fractions of Cr super(6+) released into the water after 1 and 24 hours for each primer averaged: 70 and 85 (solvent epoxy), 74 and 84% (water epoxy), and 94 and 95% (polyurethane). Correlations between particle size and the fraction of Cr super(6+) released indicate that smaller particles (5 mu m). JF - Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology AU - Lapuma, P T AU - Schilke, R A AU - Kauth, DA AU - Morgan, T J AD - Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 SP - 325 EP - 330 PB - Academic Press VL - 36 IS - 3 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - dissociation KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18639310?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+Toxicology+and+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Chromate+Dissociation+from+Three+Types+of+Paint+Particles&rft.au=Lapuma%2C+P+T%3BSchilke%2C+R+A%3BKauth%2C+DA%3BMorgan%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Lapuma&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+Toxicology+and+Pharmacology&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/10.1006%2Frtph.2002.1592 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/rtph.2002.1592 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chromate Content versus Particle Size for Aircraft Paints AN - 18631210; 5539627 AB - Many industries rely on the corrosion inhibiting properties of chromate-containing primer paints to protect metal from oxidation. However, chromate contains hexavalent chromium (Cr super(6+)), a known human carcinogen. The concentration of Cr super(6+) as a function of paint particle size has important implications to worker health and environmental release from paint facilities. This research examines Cr super(6+) content as a function of particle size for three types of aircraft primer paints: solvent-based epoxy-polyamide, water-based epoxy-polyamide, and solvent-based polyurethane. Cascade impactors were used to collect and separate paint particles based on their aerodynamic diameter, from 0.7 to 34.1 mu m. The mass of the dry paint collected at each stage was determined and an atomic absorption spectrometer was used to analyze for Cr super(6+) content. For all three paints, particles less than 7.0 mu m contained disproportionately less Cr super(6+) per mass of dry paint than larger particles, and the Cr super(6+)concentration decreased substantially as particle size decreased. The smallest particles, 0.7 to 1.0 mu m, contained approximately 10% of the Cr super(6+) content, per mass of dry paint, compared to particles larger than 7.0 mu m. The paint gun settings of air to paint ratio was found to have no influence on the Cr super(6+) bias. JF - Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology AU - Lapuma, P T AU - Rhodes, B S AD - Air Force Institute of Technology Wright-Patterson AFB, OH Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 SP - 318 EP - 324 PB - Academic Press VL - 36 IS - 3 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - particle size KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18631210?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+Toxicology+and+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Chromate+Content+versus+Particle+Size+for+Aircraft+Paints&rft.au=Lapuma%2C+P+T%3BRhodes%2C+B+S&rft.aulast=Lapuma&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=318&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+Toxicology+and+Pharmacology&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/10.1006%2Frtph.2002.1587 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/rtph.2002.1587 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Consensus and comprehensive linkage maps of bovine chromosome 24 AN - 18614727; 5536894 AB - This study describes development of a consensus genetic linkage map of bovine chromosome 24 (BTA24). Eight participating laboratories contributed data for 58 unique markers including a total of 25 409 meioses. Eighteen markers, which were typed in more than one reference population, were used as potential anchors to generate a consensus framework map. The framework map contained 16 loci ordered with odds greater than 1000:1 and spanned 79.3 cM. Remaining markers were included in a comprehensive map relative to these anchors. The resulting BTA24 comprehensive map was 98.3 cM in length. Average marker intervals were 6.1 and 2.5 cM for framework and comprehensive maps, respectively. Marker order was generally consistent with previously reported BTA24 linkage maps. Only one discrepancy was found when comparing the comprehensive map with the published USDA-MARC linkage map. Integration of genetic information from different maps provides a high-resolution BTA24 linkage map. JF - Animal Genetics AU - Kurar, E AU - Barendse, W AU - Bottema, C D AU - Davis, S AU - Foester, M AU - Kalm, E AU - Kappes, S M AU - Kister, A AU - Lewin, HA AU - Klungland, H AU - Medjugorac, I AU - Olsaker, I AU - Pitchford, W S AU - Schmutz, S M AU - Taylor, J AU - Thomsen, H AU - Kirkpatrick, B W AD - Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA., CSIRO Molecular Animal Genetics Center, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia, Department of Animal Science, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, Australia, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA, Institut fuer Tierzucht der Ludwing-Maximilians-Universitaet, 80539 Muenchen, Germany, Institut fuer Tierzucht und Tierhaltung der Christian-Albrechts-Universitaet zu Kiel, Hermann-Rodewald-Str. 624118 Kiel, Germany, USDA, ARS, NPS, Beltsville, MD, USA, The University of Illinois Biotechnology Center, 206 A Edward R. Madigan Laboratory, Urbana, IL, USA, Department of Animal Science, Agricultural Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 SP - 460 EP - 463 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0268-9146, 0268-9146 KW - True cattle KW - cattle KW - chromosome 24 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - G 07413:Domestic animals (cattle) KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18614727?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Animal+Genetics&rft.atitle=Consensus+and+comprehensive+linkage+maps+of+bovine+chromosome+24&rft.au=Kurar%2C+E%3BBarendse%2C+W%3BBottema%2C+C+D%3BDavis%2C+S%3BFoester%2C+M%3BKalm%2C+E%3BKappes%2C+S+M%3BKister%2C+A%3BLewin%2C+HA%3BKlungland%2C+H%3BMedjugorac%2C+I%3BOlsaker%2C+I%3BPitchford%2C+W+S%3BSchmutz%2C+S+M%3BTaylor%2C+J%3BThomsen%2C+H%3BKirkpatrick%2C+B+W&rft.aulast=Kurar&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=460&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Animal+Genetics&rft.issn=02689146&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2052.2002.00909.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2052.2002.00909.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhibition of Neisseria gonorrhoeae by Lactobacillus Species That Are Commonly Isolated from the Female Genital Tract AN - 18539466; 5490576 AB - Epidemiological studies suggest H sub(2)O sub(2)-producing lactobacilli protect women against gonorrhea. Here we demonstrate that Lactobacillus crispatus and Lactobacillus jensenii, the most common lactobacilli in the female genital tract, inhibit gonococci in both acidic and neutral pH conditions. Inhibition was neutralized by bovine catalase, suggesting that H sub(2)O sub(2) is the primary mediator of inhibition. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - St Amant, DC AU - Valentin-Bon, I E AU - Jerse, A E AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, ajerse@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 SP - 7169 EP - 7171 VL - 70 IS - 12 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - hydrogen peroxide KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02841:Microflora UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18539466?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Inhibition+of+Neisseria+gonorrhoeae+by+Lactobacillus+Species+That+Are+Commonly+Isolated+from+the+Female+Genital+Tract&rft.au=St+Amant%2C+DC%3BValentin-Bon%2C+I+E%3BJerse%2C+A+E&rft.aulast=St+Amant&rft.aufirst=DC&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=7169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FIAI.70.12.7169-7171.2002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.70.12.7169-7171.2002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using medications appropriately in older adults. AN - 72744285; 12469968 AB - Older Americans comprise 13 percent of the population, but they consume an average of 30 percent of all prescription drugs. Every day, physicians are faced with issues surrounding appropriate prescribing to older patients. Polypharmacy, use of supplements, adherence issues, and the potential for adverse drug events all pose challenges to effective prescribing. Knowledge of the interplay between aging physiology, chronic diseases, and drugs will help the physician avoid potential adverse drug events as well as drug-drug and drug-disease interactions. Evidence is now available showing that older patients may be underprescribed useful drugs, including aspirin for secondary prevention in high-risk patients, beta blockers following myocardial infarction, and warfarin for nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. There is also evidence that many older adults receive medications that could potentially cause more harm than good. Finding the right balance between too few and too many drugs will help ensure increased longevity, improved overall health, and enhanced functioning and quality of life for the aging population. JF - American family physician AU - Willlams, Cynthia M AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA. cwilliams@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/11/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 15 SP - 1917 EP - 1924 VL - 66 IS - 10 SN - 0002-838X, 0002-838X KW - Plant Preparations KW - 0 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Drug Interactions KW - Patient Compliance KW - Drug Prescriptions -- standards KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Plant Preparations -- administration & dosage KW - Polypharmacy KW - Aged KW - Drug Utilization -- standards KW - Plant Preparations -- pharmacology KW - Drug Therapy -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72744285?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+family+physician&rft.atitle=Using+medications+appropriately+in+older+adults.&rft.au=Willlams%2C+Cynthia+M&rft.aulast=Willlams&rft.aufirst=Cynthia&rft.date=2002-11-15&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1917&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+family+physician&rft.issn=0002838X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-12-18 N1 - Date created - 2002-12-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The utility of diagnostic tests in irritable bowel syndrome patients: a systematic review. AN - 85359349; pmid-12425553 AB - The aim of this study was to determine the pretest probability of organic GI disease and the accuracy of diagnostic tests for organic GI disease in patients who meet symptom-based criteria for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).After a comprehensive literature search for studies examining the accuracy of diagnostic tests for organic GI disease among patients who meet symptom-based criteria for IBS, two independent observers qualitatively assessed the methodology of selected studies and extracted data. Data on the pretest probability of organic GI disease in this population and the accuracy of currently recommended diagnostic tests were converted to descriptive tables.Among patients meeting symptom-based criteria for IBS, the pretest probability of inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer, or infectious diarrhea is less than 1%. Currently recommended diagnostic tests rarely identify organic GI disease in patients fulfilling symptom-based criteria for IBS. However, the pretest probability of celiac disease in patients meeting symptom-based criteria for IBS was 10 times higher than the prevalence of celiac disease in the general population.There is insufficient evidence to recommend the routine performance of a standardized battery of diagnostic tests in patients who meet symptom-based criteria for IBS. Based upon the increased pretest probability of celiac disease, routine performance of serological tests for celiac disease may be useful in this patient population, though additional study is needed in this area. JF - The American journal of gastroenterology AU - Cash, Brooks D AU - Schoenfeld, Philip AU - Chey, William D AD - Division of Gastroenterology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - Nov 2002 SP - 2812 EP - 2819 VL - 97 IS - 11 SN - 0002-9270, 0002-9270 KW - Index Medicus KW - National Library of Medicine KW - Autoantibodies: blood KW - Blood Cell Count KW - Breath Tests KW - *Colonic Diseases, Functional: etiology KW - Databases, Bibliographic KW - Gastrointestinal Diseases: complications KW - *Gastrointestinal Diseases: diagnosis KW - Gastrointestinal Diseases: metabolism KW - Gliadin: immunology KW - Humans KW - Hydrogen: metabolism KW - MEDLINE KW - Predictive Value of Tests KW - Thyroid Hormones: blood UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85359349?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+gastroenterology&rft.atitle=The+utility+of+diagnostic+tests+in+irritable+bowel+syndrome+patients%3A+a+systematic+review.&rft.au=Cash%2C+Brooks+D%3BSchoenfeld%2C+Philip%3BChey%2C+William+D&rft.aulast=Cash&rft.aufirst=Brooks&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2812&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+gastroenterology&rft.issn=00029270&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English (eng) DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2011-12-15 N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alongshore polarization of currents over the inner shelf off Huntington Beach AN - 815955344; 2011-001111 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Carrillo, L E AU - Largier, J AU - Hamilton, P AU - Noble, M AU - Rosenfeld, L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - East Pacific KW - currents KW - Northeast Pacific KW - surf zones KW - Orange County California KW - longshore currents KW - nearshore environment KW - ocean currents KW - temperature KW - California KW - North Pacific KW - Pacific Ocean KW - bacteria KW - inner shelf KW - velocity KW - coastal environment KW - diurnal variations KW - continental shelf KW - acoustic Doppler current profiler data KW - Huntington Beach California KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/815955344?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Alongshore+polarization+of+currents+over+the+inner+shelf+off+Huntington+Beach&rft.au=Carrillo%2C+L+E%3BLargier%2C+J%3BHamilton%2C+P%3BNoble%2C+M%3BRosenfeld%2C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Carrillo&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F721&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acoustic Doppler current profiler data; bacteria; California; coastal environment; continental shelf; currents; diurnal variations; East Pacific; Huntington Beach California; inner shelf; longshore currents; nearshore environment; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; ocean currents; Orange County California; Pacific Ocean; surf zones; temperature; United States; velocity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial variation of near bed concentrations AN - 815955309; 2011-001103 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Natoo, P AU - Foster, D L AU - Stanton, T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - bedload KW - concentration KW - spatial variations KW - marine sediments KW - numerical models KW - transport KW - sediment transport KW - sediments KW - suspended materials KW - ocean floors KW - bedforms KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/815955309?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Spatial+variation+of+near+bed+concentrations&rft.au=Natoo%2C+P%3BFoster%2C+D+L%3BStanton%2C+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Natoo&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F720&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedforms; bedload; concentration; marine sediments; numerical models; ocean floors; sediment transport; sediments; spatial variations; suspended materials; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radioprotective efficacy and acute toxicity of 5-androstenediol after subcutaneous or oral administration in mice. AN - 72801345; 12510793 AB - We previously showed that one subcutaneous (sc) injection of 5-androstene-3beta,17beta-diol (AED) stimulated the innate immune system in mice and prevented mortality due to hemopoietic suppression after whole-body ionizing irradiation with gamma rays. In the present study, we tested whether there was any significant toxicity in mice that might hinder development of this steroid for human use. There were no indications of toxicity in chemical analyses of serum after sc doses as high as 4000 mg/kg. At this dose, 2 of 54 mice died when given AED alone. When 4800 mg/kg was given orally, no deaths resulted. The only adverse findings attributed to AED administration were 1) a moderate elevation of granulocytes in abdominal organs and fat after sc injections of 320 mg/kg; and 2) occasional wasting of skin over the injection site in female B6D2F1 but not male C3H/HeN mice. Significant weight loss (6%) was observed after sc injections of 320 mg/kg but not 160 or 80 mg/kg. When male C3H/HeN mice were injected sc with AED at doses of 0-200 mg/kg 24 h before whole body gamma-irradiation (9 Gy), a significant improvement in survival was observed at doses as low as 5 mg/kg. Oral administration of AED produced significant survival enhancement at a dose of 1600 mg/kg. We conclude that the radioprotective efficacy of AED is accompanied by low toxicity. JF - Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology AU - Whitnall, Mark H AU - Wilhelmsen, Catherine L AU - McKinney, LuAnn AU - Miner, Venita AU - Seed, Thomas M AU - Jackson, William E AD - Radiation Casualty Management Team, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20889-5603, USA. whitnall@afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 595 EP - 626 VL - 24 IS - 4 SN - 0892-3973, 0892-3973 KW - Radiation-Protective Agents KW - 0 KW - Androstenediol KW - 95PS51EMXY KW - Lipase KW - EC 3.1.1.3 KW - Alkaline Phosphatase KW - EC 3.1.3.1 KW - Bilirubin KW - RFM9X3LJ49 KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Mice, Inbred C3H KW - Injections, Subcutaneous KW - Mice KW - Lipase -- blood KW - Bilirubin -- blood KW - Alkaline Phosphatase -- blood KW - Female KW - Androstenediol -- pharmacology KW - Androstenediol -- toxicity KW - Androstenediol -- administration & dosage KW - Radiation-Protective Agents -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72801345?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Immunopharmacology+and+immunotoxicology&rft.atitle=Radioprotective+efficacy+and+acute+toxicity+of+5-androstenediol+after+subcutaneous+or+oral+administration+in+mice.&rft.au=Whitnall%2C+Mark+H%3BWilhelmsen%2C+Catherine+L%3BMcKinney%2C+LuAnn%3BMiner%2C+Venita%3BSeed%2C+Thomas+M%3BJackson%2C+William+E&rft.aulast=Whitnall&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=595&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Immunopharmacology+and+immunotoxicology&rft.issn=08923973&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-06-05 N1 - Date created - 2003-01-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Decreased beta-adrenergic responsiveness of Na/Ca exchange current in failing pig myocytes. AN - 72793174; 12502597 JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - Wei, Shao-Kui AU - Hanlon, Stephen U AU - Haigney, Mark C P AD - Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20184, USA. Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 472 EP - 475 VL - 976 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Adrenergic beta-Agonists KW - 0 KW - Enzyme Inhibitors KW - Sodium-Calcium Exchanger KW - Okadaic Acid KW - 1W21G5Q4N2 KW - Isoproterenol KW - L628TT009W KW - Index Medicus KW - Swine KW - Animals KW - Okadaic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Enzyme Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Heart Ventricles KW - Adrenergic beta-Agonists -- pharmacology KW - Sodium-Calcium Exchanger -- physiology KW - Sodium-Calcium Exchanger -- drug effects KW - Muscle Cells -- drug effects KW - Isoproterenol -- pharmacology KW - Heart Failure -- physiopathology KW - Muscle Cells -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72793174?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Decreased+beta-adrenergic+responsiveness+of+Na%2FCa+exchange+current+in+failing+pig+myocytes.&rft.au=Wei%2C+Shao-Kui%3BHanlon%2C+Stephen+U%3BHaigney%2C+Mark+C+P&rft.aulast=Wei&rft.aufirst=Shao-Kui&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=976&rft.issue=&rft.spage=472&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-03 N1 - Date created - 2002-12-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Real-time quantitative RT-PCR assay of GADD45 gene expression changes as a biomarker for radiation biodosimetry. AN - 72736838; 12456288 AB - To assess the efficacy of fluorescent-based quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR) technology to measure gene expression changes (GEC) for rapid, point-of-care radiation dose assessment. A real-time QRT-PCR assay based on 5'-fluorogenic nuclease TaqMan(TM) methodology was developed, which employs both relative and absolute quantification of a candidate mRNA biomarker. Growth arrest and DNA damage gene 45 (GADD45), a cell-cycle regulation and DNA repair gene, served as the paradigm because of the reported linear dose-response relationship for mRNA induction in the human myeloid tumor cell line (ML-1) over the range of 2-50 cGy. Using an ex vivo whole-blood model, GEC was measured from total blood RNA at 24h and 48 h after (60)Co gamma-ray exposures (0-3 Gy; 0.1 Gy/min). A linear and reproducible up-regulation representing a twofold to fourfold change in GADD45 relative and absolute GEC was confirmed in both intra- and inter-assay analyses. Primer and probes to detect GADD45 targets using real-time PCR were developed. This is the first report using realtime QRT-PCR to measure radiation-induced GEC dose response. Real-time QRT-PCR using GEC as biomarkers offers rapidity, sensitivity, and reproducibility as a potential efficient biological dosimetry tool applicable in radiation therapy applications and early-response accident biodosimetry. JF - International journal of radiation biology AU - Grace, M B AU - McLeland, C B AU - Blakely, W F AD - Biological Dosimetry Team, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD 20889-5603, USA. grace@afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1011 EP - 1021 VL - 78 IS - 11 SN - 0955-3002, 0955-3002 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - GADD45 protein KW - Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins KW - Proteins KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Protein Biosynthesis KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Gamma Rays KW - Humans KW - Biomarkers -- analysis KW - Calibration KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Radiometry -- methods KW - Time Factors KW - Up-Regulation -- radiation effects KW - Blood Cells -- metabolism KW - Blood Cells -- radiation effects KW - RNA, Messenger -- analysis KW - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction -- methods KW - Proteins -- genetics KW - RNA, Messenger -- biosynthesis KW - Gene Expression -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72736838?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+radiation+biology&rft.atitle=Real-time+quantitative+RT-PCR+assay+of+GADD45+gene+expression+changes+as+a+biomarker+for+radiation+biodosimetry.&rft.au=Grace%2C+M+B%3BMcLeland%2C+C+B%3BBlakely%2C+W+F&rft.aulast=Grace&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1011&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+radiation+biology&rft.issn=09553002&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-12-09 N1 - Date created - 2002-11-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phase I study of weekly gemcitabine as a radiation sensitizer for unresectable pancreatic cancer. AN - 72175140; 12377317 AB - To determine the maximal tolerated dose and dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) of weekly gemcitabine with concurrent radiotherapy (RT) in patients with unresectable adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. Patients who had locally advanced or recurrent unresectable pancreatic cancer were eligible. Gemcitabine was administered as a 30-min infusion once weekly for a total of five cycles during the course of RT. The starting dose of gemcitabine was 350 mg/m(2)/wk. Doses were escalated by increments of 25% in successive cohorts of 3-6 patients. RT was delivered at 180 cGy/d to a total dose of 5400-5580 cGy to the gross tumor volume. Nineteen patients were entered in this study through three dose levels (350-550 mg/m(2)/wk). The maximal tolerated dose was determined to be 440 mg/m(2)/wk. The DLTs were neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and failure to receive all five cycles of gemcitabine. Other non-DLTs included 16 Grade III toxicities, which consisted of thrombosis, infection, nausea, vomiting, hypotension, constipation, diarrhea, and fatigue. One patient at each gemcitabine dose level experienced Grade IV vomiting, and the patient at the 550 mg/m(2) dose developed Grade IV anorexia. The maximal tolerated dose of gemcitabine when administered as a 30-min infusion once weekly during RT for unresectable pancreatic cancer was found to be 440 mg/m(2)/wk. The DLTs were neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and failure to receive all five cycles of chemotherapy. Concurrent gemcitabine and RT is reasonably well tolerated and deserves additional evaluation against the current standard of care. JF - International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics AU - Poggi, Matthew M AU - Kroog, Glenn S AU - Russo, Angelo AU - Muir, Christine AU - Cook, John AU - Smith, Judith AU - Mitchell, James B AU - Herscher, Laurie L AD - Radiation Oncology Sciences Program, Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. mpoggi@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/11/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 01 SP - 670 EP - 676 VL - 54 IS - 3 SN - 0360-3016, 0360-3016 KW - Radiation-Sensitizing Agents KW - 0 KW - Deoxycytidine KW - 0W860991D6 KW - gemcitabine KW - B76N6SBZ8R KW - Index Medicus KW - Drug Administration Schedule KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Radiotherapy Dosage KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Male KW - Female KW - Survival Analysis KW - Pancreatic Neoplasms -- radiotherapy KW - Deoxycytidine -- adverse effects KW - Deoxycytidine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Deoxycytidine -- administration & dosage KW - Radiation-Sensitizing Agents -- adverse effects KW - Radiation-Sensitizing Agents -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72175140?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+radiation+oncology%2C+biology%2C+physics&rft.atitle=Phase+I+study+of+weekly+gemcitabine+as+a+radiation+sensitizer+for+unresectable+pancreatic+cancer.&rft.au=Poggi%2C+Matthew+M%3BKroog%2C+Glenn+S%3BRusso%2C+Angelo%3BMuir%2C+Christine%3BCook%2C+John%3BSmith%2C+Judith%3BMitchell%2C+James+B%3BHerscher%2C+Laurie+L&rft.aulast=Poggi&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=670&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+radiation+oncology%2C+biology%2C+physics&rft.issn=03603016&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-11-22 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lebanese Christians' Attitudes toward Israel and the Peace Process AN - 60658876; 200308467 AB - The objectives of this article were (1) to examine what Lebanese Christians think about peace with the Jewish state, not what their officials say about it; (2) to determine whether Lebanese Christians have a distinct position that separates them from their Muslim counterparts vis-a-vis the peace process & normalization of relations with Israel. The findings revealed that Lebanese Christians accept different forms of interaction with Israelis. However, most respondents support peace with Israel, clearly oppose the idea of confrontation with the Jewish state, & call for a unilateral peace treaty with their southern neighbor. Most Lebanese Christians view peace as a major reshuffling force capable of restoring their lost political role in the country. 1 Appendix. Adapted from the source document. JF - Studies in Conflict and Terrorism AU - Haddad, Simon AD - Notre Dame U, Zouk Mosbeh, Lebanon shaddad@ndu.edu Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 403 EP - 420 VL - 25 IS - 6 SN - 1057-610X, 1057-610X KW - Christians KW - Political Attitudes KW - Lebanon KW - International Relations KW - Israel KW - Conflict Resolution KW - Peace KW - article KW - 9241: politics and religion; politics and religion KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60658876?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Studies+in+Conflict+and+Terrorism&rft.atitle=Lebanese+Christians%27+Attitudes+toward+Israel+and+the+Peace+Process&rft.au=Haddad%2C+Simon&rft.aulast=Haddad&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=403&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Studies+in+Conflict+and+Terrorism&rft.issn=1057610X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F10576100290101287 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - SCTREO N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lebanon; Christians; Political Attitudes; Israel; Peace; International Relations; Conflict Resolution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10576100290101287 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Keeping Public Officials Accountable through Dialogue: Resolving the Accountability Paradox AN - 60146280; 200305146 AB - How can public officials be held accountable, & yet avoid the paradoxes & pathologies of the current mechanisms of accountability? The answer, claims Harmon (1995), is dialogue. But what exactly is dialogue, & how is it created? More importantly, how can dialogue ensure accountability? To address these questions, I begin with a brief description of dialogue & its basic features, distinguishing it from other forms of communication. An example illustrates how dialogue occurs in actual practice. Not only does dialogue demonstrate the intelligent management of contradictory motives & forces, it also supports Harmon's claim that it can resolve the accountability paradox & avoid the atrophy of personal responsibility & political authority. I suggest that dialogue's advantage outweighs its cost as a mechanism of accountability under a particular set of conditions: when public officials confront "wicked problems" that defy definition & solution, & when traditional problem-solving methods have failed, thus preventing any one group from imposing its definition of the problem or its solutions on others. 1 Table, 64 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Public Administration Review AU - Roberts, Nancy C AD - Graduate School Business & Public Policy, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA nroberts@nps.navy.mil Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 658 EP - 669 VL - 62 IS - 6 SN - 0033-3352, 0033-3352 KW - Public Officials KW - Discussion KW - Accountability KW - Public Administration KW - Problem Solving KW - article KW - 9263: public policy/administration; public administration/bureaucracy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60146280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Public+Administration+Review&rft.atitle=Keeping+Public+Officials+Accountable+through+Dialogue%3A+Resolving+the+Accountability+Paradox&rft.au=Roberts%2C+Nancy+C&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=Nancy&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=658&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Public+Administration+Review&rft.issn=00333352&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-10-30 N1 - Number of references - 64 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Public Officials; Accountability; Discussion; Problem Solving; Public Administration ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bragg reflection of ocean waves from sandbars AN - 51677527; 2005-065649 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Elgar, Steve AU - Raubenheimer, Britt AU - Herbers, T H C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - Bragg reflection KW - ocean circulation KW - Truro Massachusetts KW - sediment transport KW - bars KW - Cape Cod Bay KW - wave reflection KW - Barnstable County Massachusetts KW - Massachusetts KW - ocean waves KW - velocity KW - propagation KW - storms KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51677527?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Bragg+reflection+of+ocean+waves+from+sandbars&rft.au=Elgar%2C+Steve%3BRaubenheimer%2C+Britt%3BHerbers%2C+T+H+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Elgar&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F672&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Barnstable County Massachusetts; bars; Bragg reflection; Cape Cod Bay; Massachusetts; ocean circulation; ocean waves; propagation; sediment transport; storms; Truro Massachusetts; United States; velocity; wave reflection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of sea-breezes in nearshore cold water events; a Southern California case study AN - 51649184; 2006-003032 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Largier, J L AU - Hamilton, P AU - Rosenfeld, L AU - Noble, M AU - Carrillo, L AU - Winters, K AU - Stocker, K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - East Pacific KW - currents KW - ocean circulation KW - Northeast Pacific KW - Orange County California KW - nearshore environment KW - convection KW - ocean currents KW - temperature KW - tides KW - California KW - thermohaline circulation KW - Southern California KW - North Pacific KW - Pacific Ocean KW - heat transfer KW - diurnal variations KW - winds KW - Huntington Beach California KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51649184?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+role+of+sea-breezes+in+nearshore+cold+water+events%3B+a+Southern+California+case+study&rft.au=Largier%2C+J+L%3BHamilton%2C+P%3BRosenfeld%2C+L%3BNoble%2C+M%3BCarrillo%2C+L%3BWinters%2C+K%3BStocker%2C+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Largier&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F680&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; convection; currents; diurnal variations; East Pacific; heat transfer; Huntington Beach California; nearshore environment; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; ocean circulation; ocean currents; Orange County California; Pacific Ocean; Southern California; temperature; thermohaline circulation; tides; United States; winds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sediment transport by sand ripples within the surf zone AN - 51644587; 2006-003041 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Stanton, T P AU - Weltmer, M A AU - Thornton, E B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - East Pacific KW - Northeast Pacific KW - surf zones KW - sediment transport KW - suspended materials KW - RIPEX KW - measurement KW - California KW - marine sediments KW - North Pacific KW - Monterey Bay KW - Pacific Ocean KW - sediments KW - velocity KW - ocean floors KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51644587?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Sediment+transport+by+sand+ripples+within+the+surf+zone&rft.au=Stanton%2C+T+P%3BWeltmer%2C+M+A%3BThornton%2C+E+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Stanton&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F686&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; East Pacific; marine sediments; measurement; Monterey Bay; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; ocean floors; Pacific Ocean; RIPEX; sediment transport; sediments; surf zones; suspended materials; United States; velocity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Antimicrobial Therapy for Bacillus anthracis-Induced Polymicrobial Infection in super(60)Co [gamma]-Irradiated Mice AN - 18601131; 5466881 AB - Challenge with both nonlethal ionizing radiation and toxigenic Bacillus anthracis spores increases the rate of mortality from a mixed bacterial infection. If biological weapons, such as B. anthracis spores, and nuclear weapons were used together, casualties could be more severe than they would be from the use of either weapon alone. We previously discovered that a polymicrobial infection developed in B6D2F sub(1)/J mice after nonlethal (7-Gy) super(60)Co [gamma] irradiation and intratracheal challenge with B. anthracis Sterne spores 4 days after irradiation. In this present study, we investigated the survival of mice and the response of the polymicrobial infection during the course of antimicrobial therapy with penicillin G procaine, ofloxacin, trovafloxacin, or gatifloxacin. Survival was prolonged, but not ensured, when the mice were treated with either broad-spectrum ofloxacin or narrow-spectrum penicillin G for 7 days beginning 6 or 24 h after challenge. Survival was not prolonged when therapy was delayed more than 24 h after challenge. When these two antimicrobial agents were given for 21 days, the survival rate was increased from 0% for the controls to 38 to 63% after therapy. Therapy with trovafloxacin or gatifloxacin reduced the incidence of mixed infection and improved the rate of survival to 95% (trovafloxacin) or 79% (gatifloxacin), whereas the rate of survival for the controls was 5%. We conclude that the mixed infection induced by B. anthracis in irradiated mice complicates effective therapy with a single antimicrobial agent. To limit mortality following nonlethal irradiation and challenge with B. anthracis spores, antimicrobial therapy needs to be initiated within a few hours after challenge and continued for up to 21 days. JF - Antimicrobial Agents & Chemotherapy AU - Elliott, T B AU - Brook, I AU - Harding, R A AU - Bouhaouala, S S AU - Shoemaker, MO AU - Knudson, G B AD - Radiation Medicine Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, 8901 Wisconsin Ave., Bethesda, MD 20889-5603, Elliott@afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - Nov 2002 SP - 3463 EP - 3471 VL - 46 IS - 11 SN - 0066-4804, 0066-4804 KW - gatifloxacin KW - trovafloxacin KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02812:Antibacterial Agents: Others UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18601131?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Antimicrobial+Agents+%26+Chemotherapy&rft.atitle=Antimicrobial+Therapy+for+Bacillus+anthracis-Induced+Polymicrobial+Infection+in+super%2860%29Co+%5Bgamma%5D-Irradiated+Mice&rft.au=Elliott%2C+T+B%3BBrook%2C+I%3BHarding%2C+R+A%3BBouhaouala%2C+S+S%3BShoemaker%2C+MO%3BKnudson%2C+G+B&rft.aulast=Elliott&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=3463&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Antimicrobial+Agents+%26+Chemotherapy&rft.issn=00664804&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAAC.46.11.3463-3471.2002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AAC.46.11.3463-3471.2002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Plasma membrane cholesterol controls the cytotoxicity of Alzheimer's disease AbetaP (1-40) and (1-42) peptides. AN - 72159581; 12374775 AB - Cell degeneration in Alzheimer's disease is mediated by a toxic mechanism that involves interaction of the AbetaP peptide with the plasma membrane of the target cell. We report here that PC12 cells become resistant to the cytotoxic action of AbetaP when incubated in a medium that enriches cholesterol levels of the surface membrane. On the other hand, making cholesterol-deficient membranes by either cholesterol extraction with cyclodextrin or by inhibiting de novo synthesis of cholesterol makes PC12 cells more vulnerable to the action of AbetaP. Increasing cholesterol content of PS liposomes also suppresses AbetaP-dependent liposome aggregation. We suggest that by modifying the fluidity of the neuronal membranes, cholesterol modulates the incorporation and pore formation of AbetaP into cell membranes. This idea is supported by our finding that the enhanced cytotoxicity generated by lowering the membrane cholesterol content can be reversed by AbetaP calcium channel blockers Zn2+ and tromethamine. JF - FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology AU - Arispe, Nelson AU - Doh, Michael AD - Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, and Institute for Molecular Medicine, Uniformed Services University School of Medicine, USUHS, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA. narispe@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 1526 EP - 1536 VL - 16 IS - 12 KW - Amyloid beta-Peptides KW - 0 KW - Anticholesteremic Agents KW - Cyclodextrins KW - Liposomes KW - Peptide Fragments KW - Phosphatidylserines KW - amyloid beta-protein (1-40) KW - amyloid beta-protein (1-42) KW - beta-Cyclodextrins KW - methyl-beta-cyclodextrin KW - Tromethamine KW - 023C2WHX2V KW - mevastatin KW - 1UQM1K0W9X KW - Cholesterol KW - 97C5T2UQ7J KW - Lovastatin KW - 9LHU78OQFD KW - Zinc KW - J41CSQ7QDS KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Zinc -- pharmacology KW - Cyclodextrins -- pharmacology KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Phosphatidylserines -- pharmacology KW - Phosphatidylserines -- metabolism KW - Liposomes -- metabolism KW - Liposomes -- pharmacology KW - Anticholesteremic Agents -- pharmacology KW - Tromethamine -- pharmacology KW - PC12 Cells KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Cholesterol -- metabolism KW - Peptide Fragments -- pharmacology KW - Cholesterol -- pharmacology KW - Amyloid beta-Peptides -- pharmacology KW - Lovastatin -- pharmacology KW - Cell Membrane -- metabolism KW - Lovastatin -- analogs & derivatives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72159581?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FASEB+journal+%3A+official+publication+of+the+Federation+of+American+Societies+for+Experimental+Biology&rft.atitle=Plasma+membrane+cholesterol+controls+the+cytotoxicity+of+Alzheimer%27s+disease+AbetaP+%281-40%29+and+%281-42%29+peptides.&rft.au=Arispe%2C+Nelson%3BDoh%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Arispe&rft.aufirst=Nelson&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1526&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=FASEB+journal+%3A+official+publication+of+the+Federation+of+American+Societies+for+Experimental+Biology&rft.issn=1530-6860&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-12-17 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Absence of fibroblast growth factor 2 promotes oligodendroglial repopulation of demyelinated white matter. AN - 72128967; 12351731 AB - This study takes advantage of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) knock-out mice to determine the contribution of FGF2 to the regeneration of oligodendrocytes in the adult CNS. The role of FGF2 during spontaneous remyelination was examined using two complementary mouse models of experimental demyelination. The murine hepatitis virus strain A59 (MHV-A59) model produces focal areas of spinal cord demyelination with inflammation. The cuprizone neurotoxicant model causes extensive corpus callosum demyelination without a lymphocytic cell response. In both models, FGF2 expression is upregulated in areas of demyelination in wild-type mice. Surprisingly, in both models, oligodendrocyte repopulation of demyelinated white matter was significantly increased in FGF2 -/- mice compared with wild-type mice and even surpassed the oligodendrocyte density of nonlesioned mice. This dramatic result indicated that the absence of FGF2 promoted oligodendrocyte regeneration, possibly by enhancing oligodendrocyte progenitor proliferation and/or differentiation. FGF2 -/- and +/+ mice had similar oligodendrocyte progenitor densities in normal adult CNS, as well as similar progenitor proliferation and accumulation during demyelination. To directly analyze progenitor differentiation, glial cultures from spinal cords of wild-type mice undergoing remyelination after MHV-A59 demyelination were treated for 3 d with either exogenous FGF2 or an FGF2 neutralizing antibody. Elevating FGF2 favored progenitor proliferation, whereas attenuating endogenous FGF2 activity promoted the differentiation of progenitors into oligodendrocytes. These in vitro results are consistent with enhanced progenitor differentiation in FGF2 -/- mice. These studies demonstrate that the FGF2 genotype regulates oligodendrocyte regeneration and that FGF2 appears to inhibit oligodendrocyte lineage differentiation during remyelination. JF - The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience AU - Armstrong, Regina C AU - Le, Tuan Q AU - Frost, Emma E AU - Borke, Rosemary C AU - Vana, Adam C AD - Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799, USA. rarmstrong@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/10/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Oct 01 SP - 8574 EP - 8585 VL - 22 IS - 19 KW - Antibodies KW - 0 KW - Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 KW - 103107-01-3 KW - Cuprizone KW - 5N16U7E0AO KW - Index Medicus KW - Stem Cells -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Corpus Callosum -- metabolism KW - Cell Count KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Nerve Regeneration -- drug effects KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Mice KW - Mice, Knockout KW - Corpus Callosum -- pathology KW - Stem Cells -- cytology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Antibodies -- pharmacology KW - Cell Lineage -- drug effects KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Myelin Sheath -- metabolism KW - Cell Differentiation -- drug effects KW - Murine hepatitis virus -- pathogenicity KW - Male KW - Female KW - Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 -- pharmacology KW - Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 -- metabolism KW - Oligodendroglia -- drug effects KW - Demyelinating Diseases -- genetics KW - Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 -- deficiency KW - Demyelinating Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Oligodendroglia -- cytology KW - Demyelinating Diseases -- physiopathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72128967?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+neuroscience+%3A+the+official+journal+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Absence+of+fibroblast+growth+factor+2+promotes+oligodendroglial+repopulation+of+demyelinated+white+matter.&rft.au=Armstrong%2C+Regina+C%3BLe%2C+Tuan+Q%3BFrost%2C+Emma+E%3BBorke%2C+Rosemary+C%3BVana%2C+Adam+C&rft.aulast=Armstrong&rft.aufirst=Regina&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=8574&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+neuroscience+%3A+the+official+journal+of+the+Society+for+Neuroscience&rft.issn=1529-2401&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-10-24 N1 - Date created - 2002-09-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recasting the Proliferation Optimism-Pessimism Debate AN - 60634226; 200316503 AB - Conceptual problems in the debate over nuclear proliferation are identified & implications for optimist & pessimist positions in this debate are considered, suggesting that their respective theories are not mutually exclusive, but complementary. Empirical evidence is presented to demonstrate flaws in rational deterrence theory, arguing that, even if states behave in a "rational" manner, mutual nuclear deterrence cannot be simplistically assumed to preclude war. Other factors contributing to the risk of nuclear war are identified. It is argued that the proliferation debate must be recast to include all possible risks & tradeoffs, not just stability-related issues, ie, whether nuclear proliferation will encourage/discourage the use of force. A broader cost-benefit analysis is offered here, outlining some of the economic, health, environmental, & other costs that new nuclear weapons states might anticipate; ways that these impact the stability issue are also addressed. K. Hyatt Stewart JF - Security Studies AU - Knopf, Jeffrey W AD - Dept National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 41 EP - 96 VL - 12 IS - 1 SN - 0963-6412, 0963-6412 KW - Nuclear Proliferation KW - Nuclear War KW - Deterrence KW - Optimism KW - Nuclear Weapons KW - Pessimism KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60634226?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Security+Studies&rft.atitle=Recasting+the+Proliferation+Optimism-Pessimism+Debate&rft.au=Knopf%2C+Jeffrey+W&rft.aulast=Knopf&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Security+Studies&rft.issn=09636412&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nuclear Proliferation; Optimism; Pessimism; Nuclear War; Deterrence; Nuclear Weapons ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Counter-Terrorism via Counter-Proliferation AN - 60633734; 200304123 AB - Do counter-proliferation policies help or hinder efforts at stopping terrorists from using chemical, biological, nuclear, or radiological (CBNR) weapons? Counter-proliferation bounds the terrorist threat by reducing the vulnerability of US forces, allied military units, & even civilian populations to terrorist attack. It helps to deter state sponsored terrorism by bolstering the ability of US forces to retaliate with massive conventional force or with nuclear weapons. Counter-proliferation also probably helps to deter state sponsored CBNR terrorism, although it has little effect on individual terrorists or independent terrorist networks. It reduces the prospects of terrorist incidents by helping to keep "surplus" materials or weapons from entering black markets. Because counter-proliferation policies harden US or allied forces to terrorist attacks, however, counter-proliferation efforts might channel terrorists toward softer (civilian) targets. Adapted from the source document. JF - Terrorism and Political Violence AU - Wirtz, James J AD - Dept National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 129 EP - 140 VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 0954-6553, 0954-6553 KW - Disarmament KW - Nuclear Proliferation KW - Terrorism KW - Chemical Weapons KW - United States of America KW - Treaties KW - Nuclear Weapons KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60633734?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Terrorism+and+Political+Violence&rft.atitle=Counter-Terrorism+via+Counter-Proliferation&rft.au=Wirtz%2C+James+J&rft.aulast=Wirtz&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Terrorism+and+Political+Violence&rft.issn=09546553&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Terrorism; Chemical Weapons; Nuclear Weapons; Nuclear Proliferation; United States of America; Disarmament; Treaties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Misapplied Lessons? 9/11 and the Iraq Debate AN - 60554378; 200314941 AB - Assesses the impact of al Qaeda's September 11, 2001, attacks on the US stance on Iraq, focusing on two main thrusts: (1) The role of 9/11 in impelling a preventive war against Iraq is seen to dovetail with the analogical reasoning perspective on foreign policy, suggesting that adequate explanation requires recognition of the cognitive & emotional impact of a terrorist attack of 9/11's magnitude; ie, its effect on the public & Congress drove a US policy change. Thus an evaluation of the psychological impact of the attacks must be coupled with an analysis of domestic politics. How memories of previous incidents can be misleading is explored in terms of the inclination to turn to analogies for reasoning. The psychological implications of the 9/11 attacks are delineated, finding limitations to the cognitive approach & noting that not all Americans believe that the 9/11 events justify war in Iraq. The risks of analogical reason are discussed: learning the wrong lesson, misapplying the lesson, & ignoring baseline evidence. The issue of deterrence failure is touched on, centered on Kenneth Pollack's assessment of what Saddam Hussein might do with a nuclear weapon. (2) It is argued that September 11 does not bolster the case for preventive war as much as thought; supposed lessons of 9/11 are deemed misleading, particularly the idea that Iraq would attack the US with weapons of mass destruction (WMD). Evaluating the likelihood of Hussein attacking the US with WMD is based on three questions: (A) Is there no past evidence applicable to such an evaluation? (B) How probable is it that Hussein & al Qaeda would work together? (C) Would Hussein believe he could get away with such an attack? A 9/11-spurred change in US value priorities is examined along with risk/loss aversion. It is concluded that 9/11 cannot be the overarching reason for going to war against Iraq. J. Zendejas JF - The Nonproliferation Review AU - Knopf, Jeffrey W AD - Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 47 EP - 66 VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 1073-6700, 1073-6700 KW - Psychological Factors KW - Terrorism KW - War KW - Militarism KW - United States of America KW - Foreign Policy KW - Iraq KW - article KW - 9201: political psychology; political psychology KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60554378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Nonproliferation+Review&rft.atitle=Misapplied+Lessons%3F+9%2F11+and+the+Iraq+Debate&rft.au=Knopf%2C+Jeffrey+W&rft.aulast=Knopf&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Nonproliferation+Review&rft.issn=10736700&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Terrorism; Militarism; War; Foreign Policy; Psychological Factors; United States of America; Iraq ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Linear modeling of infragravity waves during Delilah AN - 51946292; 2003-064198 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Reniers, A J H M AU - van Dongeren, A R AU - Battjes, J A AU - Thornton, E B Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 18 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 107 IS - C10 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - United States KW - currents KW - sea water KW - pressure KW - numerical models KW - density KW - infragravity waves KW - longshore currents KW - Duck North Carolina KW - Dare County North Carolina KW - altimetry KW - ocean currents KW - models KW - height KW - North Carolina KW - mathematical methods KW - Delilah field experiment KW - bathymetry KW - ocean floors KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51946292?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Linear+modeling+of+infragravity+waves+during+Delilah&rft.au=Reniers%2C+A+J+H+M%3Bvan+Dongeren%2C+A+R%3BBattjes%2C+J+A%3BThornton%2C+E+B&rft.aulast=Reniers&rft.aufirst=A+J+H&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=C10&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001JC001083 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch map, 2 tables, block diag. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - altimetry; bathymetry; currents; Dare County North Carolina; Delilah field experiment; density; Duck North Carolina; height; infragravity waves; longshore currents; mathematical methods; models; North Carolina; numerical models; ocean currents; ocean floors; pressure; sea water; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001JC001083 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Observations of wave-generated vortex ripples on the North Carolina continental shelf AN - 51944155; 2003-064236 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Ardhuin, Fabrice AU - Drake, T G AU - Herbers, T H C Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 14 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 107 IS - C10 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - United States KW - Northwest Atlantic KW - sea water KW - SHOWEX KW - elevation KW - altimetry KW - samples KW - Shoaling Waves Experiment KW - attenuation KW - marine sediments KW - ocean waves KW - North Carolina KW - sediments KW - hydrodynamics KW - continental shelf KW - ocean floors KW - North Atlantic KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51944155?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Observations+of+wave-generated+vortex+ripples+on+the+North+Carolina+continental+shelf&rft.au=Ardhuin%2C+Fabrice%3BDrake%2C+T+G%3BHerbers%2C+T+H+C&rft.aulast=Ardhuin&rft.aufirst=Fabrice&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=C10&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001JC000986 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch map, sects. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - altimetry; Atlantic Ocean; attenuation; continental shelf; elevation; hydrodynamics; marine sediments; North Atlantic; North Carolina; Northwest Atlantic; ocean floors; ocean waves; samples; sea water; sediments; Shoaling Waves Experiment; SHOWEX; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001JC000986 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurements near the atmospheric surface flux group tower at SHEBA; near-surface conditions and surface energy budget AN - 51944101; 2003-064252 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Persson, P Ola G AU - Fairall, Christopher W AU - Andreas, Edgar L AU - Guest, Peter S AU - Perovich, Donald K AU - Moritz, Richard E Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 35 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 107 IS - C10 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - sea water KW - sea ice KW - near-surface conditions KW - energy balance KW - climate change KW - measurement KW - atmospheric circulation KW - SHEBA KW - ice KW - Atmospheric surface Flux Group KW - Arctic Ocean KW - meteorology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51944101?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Measurements+near+the+atmospheric+surface+flux+group+tower+at+SHEBA%3B+near-surface+conditions+and+surface+energy+budget&rft.au=Persson%2C+P+Ola+G%3BFairall%2C+Christopher+W%3BAndreas%2C+Edgar+L%3BGuest%2C+Peter+S%3BPerovich%2C+Donald+K%3BMoritz%2C+Richard+E&rft.aulast=Persson&rft.aufirst=P+Ola&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=C10&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2000JC000705 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 62 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arctic Ocean; atmospheric circulation; Atmospheric surface Flux Group; climate change; energy balance; ice; measurement; meteorology; near-surface conditions; sea ice; sea water; SHEBA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000JC000705 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring dust emission in the Southwest U.S.; interannual differences related to climatic variability AN - 51819969; 2004-057014 AB - Dust emission in the southwest U.S. is a concern with respect to soil loss, and because of its effects on air quality as well as on human health and safety. We are integrating methods to detect dust events, assess wind-erosion potential, forecast dust emissions, and evaluate the likelihood of dust-borne outbreaks of valley fever, an infectious disease caused by spores of the soil inhabiting fungus Coccidioides immitis. The main test area for dust-emission monitoring is located near Soda Lake, CA, in Mojave Desert. Studies of wind erosion that may lead to outbreaks of valley fever and are conducted near Florence, AZ, between Phoenix and Tucson. The methods include (a) analysis of remotely sensed satellite, airborne, and ground-based images of land surfaces and dust plumes; (b) monitoring meteorological, vegetation, and soil conditions, including aeolian sediment movement and flux at three sites of dust generation; (c) predictions of wind based on different meteorological models; (d) the application of a regional climate model linked with a wind-erosion model; and (e) mapping the conditions that favor the occurrence of C. immitis. Over the past three years, interannual variations in the frequency of spring-time dust emission from the central Mojave Desert were related to variations in winter precipitation and perhaps in wind strength that apparently reflected different northern hemispheric zonal flow patterns. During the spring season of 2002, very high levels of dust emission from the Mojave Desert and at least locally on the Colorado Plateau were related to very low amounts of regional, accumulated precipitation from the preceding autumn and winter, resulting in low vegetation cover. Numerous sources of dust were active in the Mojave Desert and on the Colorado Plateau during the large dust storm of April 15, 2002, when at least several tens of millions of metric tons were emitted from the central Mojave Desert alone. Geostationary satellite images document the arrival of a dust plume into the Las Vegas valley, NV, from a heavily used area about 170 km to the southwest. Large, rapid increases in levels of PM10 (particulate matter less than 10 micrometers) in the Las Vegas area corresponded with the arrival of this plume. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Chavez, P S AU - MacKinnon, David AU - Clow, G D AU - Tigges, Richard AU - Urban, F AU - Fulton, Robert AU - Reheis, M C AU - Miller, D K AU - Bultman, M W AU - Reynolds, R L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 246 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - imagery KW - erosion KW - mapping KW - vegetation KW - climate change KW - variations KW - California KW - fungi KW - Las Vegas Valley KW - Mojave Desert KW - sediments KW - Coccidioides immitis KW - particulate materials KW - Nevada KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - dust storms KW - Soda Lake KW - monitoring KW - Colorado Plateau KW - clastic sediments KW - rainfall KW - wind erosion KW - Southwestern U.S. KW - satellite methods KW - models KW - spores KW - safety KW - dust KW - air KW - seasonal variations KW - remote sensing KW - public health KW - airborne methods KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51819969?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Monitoring+dust+emission+in+the+Southwest+U.S.%3B+interannual+differences+related+to+climatic+variability&rft.au=Chavez%2C+P+S%3BMacKinnon%2C+David%3BClow%2C+G+D%3BTigges%2C+Richard%3BUrban%2C+F%3BFulton%2C+Robert%3BReheis%2C+M+C%3BMiller%2C+D+K%3BBultman%2C+M+W%3BReynolds%2C+R+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chavez&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=246&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air; airborne methods; California; clastic sediments; climate change; Coccidioides immitis; Colorado Plateau; dust; dust storms; erosion; fungi; hydrology; imagery; Las Vegas Valley; mapping; models; Mojave Desert; monitoring; Nevada; particulate materials; public health; rainfall; remote sensing; safety; satellite methods; seasonal variations; sediments; Soda Lake; soils; Southwestern U.S.; spores; United States; variations; vegetation; wind erosion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Near-surface water vapor over polar sea ice is always near ice saturation AN - 51337198; 2003-064261 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Andreas, Edgar L AU - Guest, Peter S AU - Persson, P Ola G AU - Fairall, Christopher W AU - Horst, Thomas W AU - Moritz, Richard E AU - Semmer, Steven R AU - Perovich, Donald K Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 15 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 107 IS - C10 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - polar regions KW - humidity KW - saturation KW - SHEBA KW - ice KW - sea ice KW - Arctic Ocean KW - water vapor KW - air-sea ice interaction KW - temperature KW - boundary layer KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51337198?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Near-surface+water+vapor+over+polar+sea+ice+is+always+near+ice+saturation&rft.au=Andreas%2C+Edgar+L%3BGuest%2C+Peter+S%3BPersson%2C+P+Ola+G%3BFairall%2C+Christopher+W%3BHorst%2C+Thomas+W%3BMoritz%2C+Richard+E%3BSemmer%2C+Steven+R%3BPerovich%2C+Donald+K&rft.aulast=Andreas&rft.aufirst=Edgar&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=C10&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2000JC000411 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 60 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air-sea ice interaction; Arctic Ocean; boundary layer; humidity; ice; polar regions; saturation; sea ice; SHEBA; temperature; water vapor DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000JC000411 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of data sets used to force sea ice models in the Arctic Ocean AN - 51335993; 2003-064250 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Curry, J A AU - Schramm, J L AU - Alam, A AU - Reeder, R AU - Arbetter, T E AU - Guest, Peter S AU - Perovich, Donald K AU - Moritz, Richard E Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 10 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 107 IS - C10 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - sea ice KW - ice cover KW - atmosphere KW - air-sea ice interaction KW - boundary conditions KW - models KW - SHEBA KW - ice KW - ice thickness KW - Arctic Ocean KW - accuracy KW - boundary layer KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51335993?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+data+sets+used+to+force+sea+ice+models+in+the+Arctic+Ocean&rft.au=Curry%2C+J+A%3BSchramm%2C+J+L%3BAlam%2C+A%3BReeder%2C+R%3BArbetter%2C+T+E%3BGuest%2C+Peter+S%3BPerovich%2C+Donald+K%3BMoritz%2C+Richard+E&rft.aulast=Curry&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=C10&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2000JC000466 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; air-sea ice interaction; Arctic Ocean; atmosphere; boundary conditions; boundary layer; ice; ice cover; ice thickness; models; sea ice; SHEBA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000JC000466 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An annual cycle of Arctic surface cloud forcing at SHEBA AN - 51335968; 2003-064243 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Intrieri, Janet M AU - Fairall, Christopher W AU - Shupe, Matthew D AU - Persson, P Ola G AU - Andreas, Edgar L AU - Guest, Peter S AU - Moritz, Richard E AU - Perovich, Donald K Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 14 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 107 IS - C10 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - surface fluxes KW - cycles KW - clouds KW - general circulation models KW - Arctic region KW - sea ice KW - energy balance KW - atmospheric circulation KW - SHEBA KW - ice KW - Arctic Ocean KW - Beaufort Sea KW - instruments KW - remote sensing KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51335968?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=An+annual+cycle+of+Arctic+surface+cloud+forcing+at+SHEBA&rft.au=Intrieri%2C+Janet+M%3BFairall%2C+Christopher+W%3BShupe%2C+Matthew+D%3BPersson%2C+P+Ola+G%3BAndreas%2C+Edgar+L%3BGuest%2C+Peter+S%3BMoritz%2C+Richard+E%3BPerovich%2C+Donald+K&rft.aulast=Intrieri&rft.aufirst=Janet&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=C10&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2000JC000439 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arctic Ocean; Arctic region; atmospheric circulation; Beaufort Sea; clouds; cycles; energy balance; general circulation models; ice; instruments; remote sensing; sea ice; SHEBA; surface fluxes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000JC000439 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distance sampling for Sonoran Desert tortoises AN - 18803602; 5662673 AB - We used line transects and distance sampling in combination with radiotelemetry to estimate density of a desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) population in the Rincon Mountains near Tucson, Arizona, USA, as part of a long-term study evaluating the impact of urban development on tortoises. During 2000, 34 1-km transects were each sampled twice in the 368.5-ha study area. We observed 46 tortoises with midline carapace lengths greater than or equal to 150 mm (subadults and adults) plus 7 juveniles on transects. For subadults and adults, the encounter rate was 0.63 tortoises/km, and the mean proportion of tortoises observable during radiotelemetry, conducted concurrently with transect sampling, has 82%. Corrected mean density based on line transects and radiotelemetry was 0.523 tortoises/ha (CV = 22.99, 95% CI = 0.29-0.79), and absolute abundance in the study area was estimated to be 193 (CV= 23.0%, CI = 107-291). Using the 2 independent coverages of transects as separate samples, the Lincoln-Petersen mark-recapture estimator produced an abundance estimate of 224 subadult and adult tortoises (CV = 53.9%, CI = 72-440). Transects measured on the ground over uneven topography resulted in 3% smaller estimates of density when compared to analysis with transect lengths determined from coordinates plotted on a map. Distance sampling appears to be a feasible method of estimating density of Sonoran Desert populations of the desert tortoise, but transect lengths should be based on mapped rather than measured distances to prevent biases caused by uneven topography. JF - Journal of Wildlife Management AU - Swann, DE AU - Averill-Murray, R C AU - Schwalbe, C R AD - Saguaro National Park, 3693 South Old Spanish Trail, Tucson, AZ 85730, USA, Don-Swann@nps.gov Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - Oct 2002 SP - 969 EP - 975 PB - Wildlife Society VL - 66 IS - 4 SN - 0022-541X, 0022-541X KW - Desert tortoise KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04700:Management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18803602?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Wildlife+Management&rft.atitle=Distance+sampling+for+Sonoran+Desert+tortoises&rft.au=Swann%2C+DE%3BAverill-Murray%2C+R+C%3BSchwalbe%2C+C+R&rft.aulast=Swann&rft.aufirst=DE&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=969&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Wildlife+Management&rft.issn=0022541X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Depleted uranium-uranyl chloride induces apoptosis in mouse J774 macrophages AN - 18621405; 5495886 AB - Depleted uranium entering the body as a result of inhalation or embedded fragments becomes associated to a great extent with macrophages. As part of our continuing studies on the health effects of internalized depleted uranium, we investigated the effect of soluble depleted uranium-uranyl chloride on the mouse macrophage cell line, J774. Using a cytochemical staining protocol specific for uranium, we found that uranium uptake by the macrophages increased in a time-dependent manner. Treatment with 1, 10, or 100 mu M depleted uranium-uranyl chloride resulted in decreased viability of the J774 cells within 24 h. Flow cytometric analysis of the treated cells with annexin V showed the translocation of phosphatidylserine from the inner face of the plasma membrane to the outer surface indicating the loss of phospholipid symmetry and the beginning of the apoptotic process. Significant differences in annexin V labeling between control cells and cells treated with 100 mu M depleted uranium-uranyl chloride were apparent within 2 h. Other events associated with apoptosis, including morphological changes and DNA fragmentation, were also apparent after depleted uranium-uranyl chloride treatment. These results suggest that the uptake and concentration of soluble depleted uranium by macrophages initiates events that results in the apoptotic death of these cells. JF - Toxicology AU - Kalinich, J F AU - Ramakrishnan, N AU - Villa, V AU - McClain, DE AD - Center for Scientific Review, Grant Referral Section, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA, kalinich@afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/09/30/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Sep 30 SP - 105 EP - 114 VL - 179 IS - 1-2 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - cell lines KW - mice KW - uranium KW - uranyl chloride KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24210:Radiation & radioactive materials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18621405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Depleted+uranium-uranyl+chloride+induces+apoptosis+in+mouse+J774+macrophages&rft.au=Kalinich%2C+J+F%3BRamakrishnan%2C+N%3BVilla%2C+V%3BMcClain%2C+DE&rft.aulast=Kalinich&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-09-30&rft.volume=179&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for detection of the chemical warfare agent bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide in soil. AN - 72131295; 12350113 AB - A field expedient analytical method for detecting the chemical warfare agent (CWA) sulfur mustard as a soil contaminant was developed using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Five commercially available SPME fibers were investigated to determine the optimal fiber, and extraction conditions. Polyacrylate and carbowax-divinylbenzene fiber coatings gave a statistically indistinguishable and best response compared to the other three types examined in a simple system studied without soil. The polyacrylate fiber coating was selected for study of a system in which sulfur mustard was spiked to an agricultural soil (Standard Reference Material 2709, San Joaquin type). With soil samples, the greatest sensitivity occurred by the addition of deionized water to spiked soil and extraction at ambient temperature for 20 min or longer. SPME sampling with GC-MS analyses afforded good reproducibility (relative standard deviation between 2 and 10%), and analyte concentrations as low as 237 ng/g were detected in soil (total ion chromatograms). As completed here, total time for sampling and analysis was just under 1 h, and use of organic solvents or special sample introduction equipment was avoided. JF - Journal of chromatography. A AU - Kimm, Gregory L AU - Hook, Gary L AU - Smith, Philip A AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2002/09/20/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Sep 20 SP - 185 EP - 191 VL - 971 IS - 1-2 SN - 0021-9673, 0021-9673 KW - Chemical Warfare Agents KW - 0 KW - Mustard Gas KW - T8KEC9FH9P KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry -- methods KW - Chemical Warfare Agents -- analysis KW - Mustard Gas -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72131295?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+chromatography.+A&rft.atitle=Application+of+headspace+solid-phase+microextraction+and+gas+chromatography-mass+spectrometry+for+detection+of+the+chemical+warfare+agent+bis%282-chloroethyl%29+sulfide+in+soil.&rft.au=Kimm%2C+Gregory+L%3BHook%2C+Gary+L%3BSmith%2C+Philip+A&rft.aulast=Kimm&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=2002-09-20&rft.volume=971&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+chromatography.+A&rft.issn=00219673&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-09 N1 - Date created - 2002-09-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transmembrane Topology of AgrB, the Protein Involved in the Post- translational Modification of AgrD in Staphylococcus aureus AN - 18480551; 5450636 AB - The accessory gene regulator (agr) of Staphylococcus aureus is the central regulatory system that controls the gene expression for a large set of virulence factors. This global regulatory locus consists of two transcripts: RNAII and RNAIII. RNAII encodes four genes (agrA, B, C, and D) whose gene products assemble a quorum sensing system. RNAIII is the effector of the Agr response. Both the agrB and agrD genes are essential for the production of the autoinducing peptide, which functions as a signal for the quorum sensing system. In this study, we demonstrated the transmembrane nature of AgrB protein in S. aureus. A transmembrane topology model of AgrB was proposed based on AgrB-PhoA fusion analyses in Escherichia coli. Two hydrophilic regions with several highly conserved positively charged amino acid residues among various AgrBs were found to be located in the cytoplasmic membrane as suggested by PhoA-AgrB fusion studies. However, this finding is inconsistent with the putative transmembrane profile of AgrB by computer analysis. Furthermore, we detected an intermediate peptide of processed AgrD from S. aureus cells expressing AgrB and a 6 histidine-tagged AgrD. These results provide direct evidence that AgrB is involved in the proteolytic processing of AgrD. We speculate that AgrB is a novel protein with proteolytic enzyme activity and a transporter facilitating the export of the processed AgrD peptide. JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry AU - Zhang, L AU - Gray, L AU - Novick, R P AU - Ji, G AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, gji@usuhs.mil. Y1 - 2002/09/20/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Sep 20 SP - 34736 EP - 34742 VL - 277 IS - 38 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - AgrB protein KW - AgrD protein KW - PhoA protein KW - quorum sensing KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Genetics Abstracts KW - N 14640:Structure & sequence KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics KW - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18480551?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Transmembrane+Topology+of+AgrB%2C+the+Protein+Involved+in+the+Post-+translational+Modification+of+AgrD+in+Staphylococcus+aureus&rft.au=Zhang%2C+L%3BGray%2C+L%3BNovick%2C+R+P%3BJi%2C+G&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-09-20&rft.volume=277&rft.issue=38&rft.spage=34736&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The benzodiazepine partial inverse agonist Ro15-4513 alters anticonvulsant and lethal effects of carbamazepine in amygdala-kindled rats. AN - 72015446; 12183024 AB - Ro15-4513 (ethyl-8-azido-5,6-dihydro-5methyl-6-oxo-4H-imidazo-[1,5-a]-1,4-benzodiazepine-3-carboxylate), a benzodiazepine partial inverse agonist of the GABA(A) receptor, is known to protect against alcohol toxicities. The present study was designed to determine the role of Ro15-4513 in preventing anticonvulsant, toxic, and lethal effects of carbamazepine (CBZ) in amygdala-kindled rats. Acute treatment with CBZ (25 mg/kg, i.p.) produced anticonvulsant effects in fully kindled rats characterized by a significant decrease in afterdischarge and seizure duration and stage. Repeated administration of this high dose of CBZ induced sedation and high (56%) lethality. The anticonvulsant and sedative effects of CBZ were strikingly suppressed by pretreatment with Ro15-4513 (2.5 and 5 mg/kg, i.p.), and there was no mortality in animals co-administrated with Ro15-4513 during the entire experimental period. These results indicate that Ro15-4513 protects against CBZ-induced sedation and lethality, while suppressing the anticonvulsant effects of CBZ, suggesting a role for the GABA(A) receptor in CBZ efficacy and side effects. The potential clinical implications for CBZ-induced toxicity and overdose remain to be explored. JF - Neuroscience letters AU - Zhang, Zhang-Jin AU - Postma, Terri AU - Obeng, Kris AU - Russell, Shani AU - Weiss, Susan R B AU - Post, Robert M AD - Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. zhangjin_zhang@hotmail.com Y1 - 2002/09/06/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Sep 06 SP - 253 EP - 256 VL - 329 IS - 3 SN - 0304-3940, 0304-3940 KW - Affinity Labels KW - 0 KW - Anticonvulsants KW - Azides KW - GABA-A Receptor Agonists KW - Benzodiazepines KW - 12794-10-4 KW - Carbamazepine KW - 33CM23913M KW - Ro 15-4513 KW - 91917-65-6 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Epilepsy -- physiopathology KW - Drug Interactions KW - Epilepsy -- drug therapy KW - Epilepsy -- mortality KW - Male KW - Kindling, Neurologic -- drug effects KW - Affinity Labels -- pharmacology KW - Carbamazepine -- toxicity KW - Azides -- pharmacology KW - Anticonvulsants -- toxicity KW - Amygdala -- physiology KW - Benzodiazepines -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72015446?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuroscience+letters&rft.atitle=The+benzodiazepine+partial+inverse+agonist+Ro15-4513+alters+anticonvulsant+and+lethal+effects+of+carbamazepine+in+amygdala-kindled+rats.&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Zhang-Jin%3BPostma%2C+Terri%3BObeng%2C+Kris%3BRussell%2C+Shani%3BWeiss%2C+Susan+R+B%3BPost%2C+Robert+M&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Zhang-Jin&rft.date=2002-09-06&rft.volume=329&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=253&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuroscience+letters&rft.issn=03043940&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-10-28 N1 - Date created - 2002-08-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pathology quiz case 2. Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC). AN - 85371086; pmid-12220221 JF - Archives of otolaryngology--head & neck surgery AU - Grafenberg, Matthew R AU - Kim, Sam AU - Sorensen, Douglas AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Md, USA. Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - Sep 2002 SP - 1100 EP - 1100, 1102 VL - 128 IS - 9 SN - 0886-4470, 0886-4470 KW - National Library of Medicine KW - Aged KW - Female KW - Humans KW - *Mandibular Diseases: pathology KW - *Mandibular Diseases: radiography KW - *Odontogenic Cysts: pathology KW - *Odontogenic Cysts: radiography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85371086?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+otolaryngology--head+%26+neck+surgery&rft.atitle=Pathology+quiz+case+2.+Odontogenic+keratocyst+%28OKC%29.&rft.au=Grafenberg%2C+Matthew+R%3BKim%2C+Sam%3BSorensen%2C+Douglas&rft.aulast=Grafenberg&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1100&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+otolaryngology--head+%26+neck+surgery&rft.issn=08864470&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English (eng) DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2011-12-15 N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lead exposure and dorsomedial striatum mediation of fixed interval schedule-controlled behavior. AN - 72187038; 12387360 AB - Prior studies demonstrate a critical role for mesolimbic dopamine systems, particularly nucleus accumbens, in the mediation of fixed interval (FI) schedule-controlled behavior and an enhancement of nucleus accumbens dopamine activity as a mechanism of chronic postweaning lead (Pb)-induced increases in Fl response rates. Since dorsomedial striatum, like nucleus accumbens, receives limbic input, it could also conceivably contribute to Pb-related effects on FI performance. Therefore, changes in FI schedule-controlled behavior were examined following administration of dopamine or the non-specific irreversible dopamine antagonist N-ethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline (EEDQ) into dorsomedial striatum of rats exposed from weaning to 0, 50 or 500 ppm Pb acetate drinking solutions. The 500 ppm exposure increased baseline FI response rates relative to both 0 and 50 ppm. Intra-dorsomedial striatum EEDQ and dopamine had no effects when examined across all animals. However, both compounds produced rate-dependent effects, i.e. increases or decreases in rate in different subjects, depending upon baseline Fl overall rates. The rate-increasing effects of intra-dorsomedial striatum dopamine actually mimicked Pb effects, increasing Fl overall and run rates and shortening postreinforcement pause times. Further, Pb exposure modulated effects of dopamine and EEDQ in dorsomedial striatum. While these collective findings conceivably suggest dorsomedial striatum as another potential site through which postweaning Pb exposure influences FI performance, this possibility is not supported by other studies that show that chronic postweaning Pb alters dopamine binding sites and evoked dopamine release in nucleus accumbens but not in dorsomedial striatum even over a year exposure period. Thus, while both regions may play a role in mediating Fl performance under normal conditions, it appears that alterations in nucleus accumbens dopamine activity may be sufficient to induce chronic postweaning Pb-induced increases in FI response rates. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Cory-Slechta, Deborah A AU - Brockel, B J AU - O'Mara, D J AD - Samueli Institute for Informational Biology, Program on Neuroprotection, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. deborah_slechta@urmc.rochester.edu Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 313 EP - 327 VL - 23 IS - 3 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - Dopamine Antagonists KW - 0 KW - Quinolines KW - Lead KW - 2P299V784P KW - EEDQ KW - 60O971AN19 KW - Dopamine KW - VTD58H1Z2X KW - Dimethyl Sulfoxide KW - YOW8V9698H KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Quinolines -- pharmacology KW - Reinforcement Schedule KW - Rats, Long-Evans KW - Dopamine Antagonists -- pharmacology KW - Dopamine -- physiology KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Microinjections KW - Male KW - Conditioning, Operant -- drug effects KW - Neostriatum -- physiology KW - Lead -- toxicity KW - Neostriatum -- drug effects KW - Lead -- blood UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72187038?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Lead+exposure+and+dorsomedial+striatum+mediation+of+fixed+interval+schedule-controlled+behavior.&rft.au=Cory-Slechta%2C+Deborah+A%3BBrockel%2C+B+J%3BO%27Mara%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Cory-Slechta&rft.aufirst=Deborah&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=313&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-02-21 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Non-linear effects of cycloheximide in glutamate-treated cultured rat cerebellar neurons. AN - 72186995; 12387359 AB - Multiple cell types and organisms across a wide array of phyla and a variety of toxins demonstrate non-linear dose responses to low-level chemical exposures with high doses inhibiting cellular function and low doses stimulating function. We tested whether such non-linear responses to low and ultra-low dose N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) or cycloheximide moderated toxic glutamate exposure in cultured cerebellar granule cells. Neurons were incubated over 72 h with successive NMDA, MPP+ iodide or cycloheximide additions producing specified low (10(-5), 10(-7), 10(-9), 10(-11), and 10(-13) M) and ultra-low (10(-27),10(-29), 10(-63), and 10(-65) M) concentrations. Subsequently these neuronal cells were exposed to a 50% excitotoxic concentration of glutamate for 24 h. Neuronal viability was significantly reduced in neurons treated with micromolar (10(-5) M) cycloheximide whereas viability was enhanced in neurons treated with an ultra-low dose exposure of 10(-27) M cycloheximide. Neither NMDA nor MPP+ elicited harmful or protective responses. This is the first report demonstrating non-linear dose-response effects of cycloheximide in low and ultra-low concentration ranges. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Marotta, Diane AU - Marini, Ann AU - Banaudha, Krishna AU - Maharaj, Susan AU - Ives, John AU - Morrissette, Craig R AU - Jonas, Wayne B AD - Samueli Institute for Informational Biology, Program on Neuroprotection and Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 307 EP - 312 VL - 23 IS - 3 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists KW - 0 KW - Neuroprotective Agents KW - Protein Synthesis Inhibitors KW - Glutamic Acid KW - 3KX376GY7L KW - N-Methylaspartate KW - 6384-92-5 KW - Cycloheximide KW - 98600C0908 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - N-Methylaspartate -- pharmacology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Nonlinear Dynamics KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists -- pharmacology KW - Cell Survival KW - Cerebellum -- cytology KW - Protein Synthesis Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Cycloheximide -- pharmacology KW - Cerebellum -- drug effects KW - Glutamic Acid -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72186995?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Non-linear+effects+of+cycloheximide+in+glutamate-treated+cultured+rat+cerebellar+neurons.&rft.au=Marotta%2C+Diane%3BMarini%2C+Ann%3BBanaudha%2C+Krishna%3BMaharaj%2C+Susan%3BIves%2C+John%3BMorrissette%2C+Craig+R%3BJonas%2C+Wayne+B&rft.aulast=Marotta&rft.aufirst=Diane&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=307&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-02-21 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Access Deterrence Scenario: A New Approach to Assessing National Missile Defenses AN - 60656015; 200305376 AB - Explores an "access deterrence" scenario for illumination of potential US national missile defense (NMD) against nonpeer competitors as related to weapons of mass destruction (WMDs). Utilizing game theory, a situation is posited where a hostile nonpeer player threatens use of WMDs on the US, if the US interferes on behalf of the player's enemy. The scenario is explained in detail with weight given to intensity of US interests, the player's outcome objectives, & capabilities of US defenses. The resultant decisions are illustrated as a game tree. Prospective application & extension of this analysis are assessed. 3 Tables, 2 Figures, 20 References. L. Collins JF - Defense & Security Analysis AU - Franck, Raymond E, Jr AU - Melese, Francois AD - Graduate School Business & Public Policy, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 227 EP - 238 VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 1475-1798, 1475-1798 KW - Military Strategy KW - Antiballistic Missile KW - War KW - Armaments KW - Simulation KW - Post Cold War Period KW - National Security KW - Game Theory KW - article KW - 9043: methodology and research technology; research methods and models KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60656015?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Defense+%26+Security+Analysis&rft.atitle=The+Access+Deterrence+Scenario%3A+A+New+Approach+to+Assessing+National+Missile+Defenses&rft.au=Franck%2C+Raymond+E%2C+Jr%3BMelese%2C+Francois&rft.aulast=Franck&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=227&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Defense+%26+Security+Analysis&rft.issn=14751798&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F14751790220002334 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Post Cold War Period; National Security; Game Theory; Military Strategy; Armaments; Simulation; War; Antiballistic Missile DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14751790220002334 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Expanding the Framework for Analyzing National Missile Defenses: A Proposal for Discussion AN - 60646571; 200305507 AB - Examines the current debate surrounding the US withdrawal from the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty of 1972 & the pursuit of a national missile defense (NMD) program. The current debate is deemed unfocused, fragmented, & lacking analysis beyond existing advocacy agendas, & suggestions to improve the quality of the NMD debate are proposed. The outlined realities of NMD & nuclear proliferation reveal fundamental questions of feasibility & external response to the program. A proposed framework for NMD analysis contains four elements: both peer & nonpeer competitors, effects of avoiding a weapon of mass destruction attack, & influence on military competition. The need for analysis of nonpeer competitors is urged. 2 Tables, 13 References. L. Collins JF - Defense & Security Analysis AU - Franck, Raymond E, Jr AD - Graduate School Business & Public Policy, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 221 EP - 226 VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 1475-1798, 1475-1798 KW - Nuclear Proliferation KW - Defense Policy KW - Antiballistic Missile KW - United States of America KW - Post Cold War Period KW - Treaties KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60646571?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Defense+%26+Security+Analysis&rft.atitle=Expanding+the+Framework+for+Analyzing+National+Missile+Defenses%3A+A+Proposal+for+Discussion&rft.au=Franck%2C+Raymond+E%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Franck&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Defense+%26+Security+Analysis&rft.issn=14751798&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F14751790220002325 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nuclear Proliferation; Defense Policy; Antiballistic Missile; Post Cold War Period; Treaties; United States of America DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14751790220002325 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sublethal gamma -radiation decreases resistance of mice to intragastric Shigella sonnei challenge AN - 18638781; 5551283 AB - This study was performed to determine the degree to which super(60)Co- gamma irradiation alters the susceptibility of conventional mice to intragastric challenge with Shigella sonnei as measured by survival, body weight, performance, and microbiology assays of intestinal flora. Female B6D2F1/J mice were given S. sonnei intragastrically 4 days after sublethal super(60)Co- gamma irradiation. Survival and body weight after irradiation and pathogen challenge and under control conditions were examined for 30 days while motor coordination, using the inverted-screen test, was examined intermittently during the 30-day period. Survival and weight loss in irradiated and challenged mice depended on the combined doses of the two insults. The incidence of mortality in the latter mice was never 100%, even at a high sublethal radiation dose (7-Gy) and a S. sonnei dose of 1.2 times 10 super(9) CFU. Depending on the combined doses of the two insults, weight loss in surviving mice was generally recovered within 30 days. 1.2 times 10 super(8) CFU S. sonnei evoked mortality in four of 12 non-irradiated but challenged mice (33%) but in no other case did S. sonnei alone evoke mortality. Radiation alone evoked no mortality. Radiation alone significantly reduced body weight when mice were individually weighed on a daily basis. Performance on the inverted-screen test was significantly decremented in irradiated, challenged mice. S. sonnei was always recovered from the heart blood of deceased irradiated-challenged mice but was variably recovered from ileum or caecum and seldom recovered from formed, expressed stools. We conclude that conventional mice can be made susceptible to an intragastric challenge of S. sonnei by sublethal doses of ionizing radiation. JF - Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease AU - King, G L AU - Elliott, T B AU - Landauer, M R AU - Harding, R A AU - Samy Bouhaouala, S AU - Ferrell, J L AU - Jackson, WE III AD - Department of Radiation Pathophysiology and Toxicology, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD, 20889-5603, USA, king@afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - Sep 2002 SP - 179 EP - 190 PB - Scandinavian University Press, P.O. Box 2959 Toeyen Oslo N-0608 Norway, [mailto:mail@scup.noorjournals@scup.se], [URL:http://www.scup.no/online] VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 0891-060X, 0891-060X KW - Biological radiation effects KW - Weight loss KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02855:Human Bacteriology: Others UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18638781?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbial+Ecology+in+Health+and+Disease&rft.atitle=Sublethal+gamma+-radiation+decreases+resistance+of+mice+to+intragastric+Shigella+sonnei+challenge&rft.au=King%2C+G+L%3BElliott%2C+T+B%3BLandauer%2C+M+R%3BHarding%2C+R+A%3BSamy+Bouhaouala%2C+S%3BFerrell%2C+J+L%3BJackson%2C+WE+III&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbial+Ecology+in+Health+and+Disease&rft.issn=0891060X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cornus florida L. mortality and understory composition changes in western Great Smoky Mountains National Park AN - 18622064; 5532135 AB - Remeasurement of woody vegetation on permanent plots in western Great Smoky Mountains National Park indicated that understory composition and dominance have changed over the past two decades (between 1977-1979 and 1995-2000). We observed heavy mortality of Cornus florida L., likely as a result of infection by Discula destructiva Redlin, a destructive fungus that causes dogwood anthracnose. Mortality was highest in smaller size classes and seedling density generally decreased. Cove and alluvial forests, where heavy shading favors dogwood anthracnose, had the highest mortality. While still high, mortality in oak-hickory and oak-pine forests was lower than that of cove and alluvial forests. Cornus florida density more than doubled on three plots located within an area that burned in 1976, likely as a result of sprouting and reduced shading in these fire-thinned stands. Over the same two decades, the importance of Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. greatly increased in cove, alluvial, oak-hickory, and oak-pine stands. Changes in understory composition in conjunction with the widespread loss of C. florida may greatly impact numerous ecological relationships in these forests, including calcium availability, nutrient cycling, and food source availability for wildlife. JF - Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society AU - Jenkins, MA AU - White, P S AD - National Park Service, Twin Creeks Natural Resources Center, 1314 Cherokee Orchard Road, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Gatlinburg, TN 37738, USA, mike_jenkins@nps.gov Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - Sep 2002 SP - 194 EP - 206 VL - 129 IS - 3 SN - 1095-5674, 1095-5674 KW - Flowering dogwood KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04125:Temperate forests UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18622064?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Torrey+Botanical+Society&rft.atitle=Cornus+florida+L.+mortality+and+understory+composition+changes+in+western+Great+Smoky+Mountains+National+Park&rft.au=Jenkins%2C+MA%3BWhite%2C+P+S&rft.aulast=Jenkins&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=129&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=194&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Torrey+Botanical+Society&rft.issn=10955674&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting Hurricane Landfall Precipitation: Optimistic and Pessimistic Views from the Symposium on Precipitation Extremes AN - 18565229; 5459835 AB - The Symposium on Precipitation Extremes was one of two special symposia organized for the American Meteorological Society national meeting. This symposium was organized into sessions on winter precipitation, summer precipitation, and hurricane-related precipitation. This summary focuses on the last session in relation to the U.S. Weather Research Program Hurricane Landfall goals for quantitative precipitation forecasts to 72 h and improving the skill of day-3 forecasts for inland flooding. Optimistic and pessimistic views are summarized of what is the present capability and future opportunities for progress toward these goals. Six overview papers served to describe the precipitation characteristics while the hurricane was still over the ocean and during and following landfall, and included the topic of extratropical transition of a tropical cyclone. Thirty-two posters and four invited presentations for a panel discussion on future needs and opportunities have been used to assess observations, statistical and empirical predictions, and numerical weather prediction approaches. A concluding section on future requirements is provided tostimulate discussion on the opportunities for the U.S. Weather Research Program. JF - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society AU - Elsberry, R L AD - Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - Sep 2002 SP - 1333 EP - 1340 PB - American Meteorological Society VL - 83 IS - 09 SN - 0003-0007, 0003-0007 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Brackish KW - Freshwater KW - M2 551.515.2:Cyclones Hurricanes Typhoons (551.515.2) KW - Q2 02242:Observations and measurements at sea KW - Q2 02106:Conferences and other meetings KW - O 8050:Conferences KW - O 2070:Meteorology KW - M2 551.577:General Precipitation (551.577) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18565229?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+American+Meteorological+Society&rft.atitle=Predicting+Hurricane+Landfall+Precipitation%3A+Optimistic+and+Pessimistic+Views+from+the+Symposium+on+Precipitation+Extremes&rft.au=Elsberry%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Elsberry&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=09&rft.spage=1333&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+the+American+Meteorological+Society&rft.issn=00030007&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F1520-0477%282002%29083%281333%3APHLPOA%292.3.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine; Brackish; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0477(2002)083(1333:PHLPOA)2.3.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Volunteers Monitor Bird Use of Wetland Restoration on Public Lands in Central Florida AN - 16140536; 5469918 AB - In 1994, when we began working on the Emeralda Marsh Connection Area (EMCA)--a 6,500-acre (2,631-ha) site adjacent to Lake Griffin in the Upper Oklawaha River Basin in central Florida--there was only cursory and anecdotal information about bird use at the site. We knew that we would need help to monitor the site, so we established a volunteer bird-monitoring program with people who were primarily members of the Oklawaha Valley Audubon Society and the Orange Audubon Society. The purpose of the volunteers' work was to evaluate certain related species to see if they responded to environmental changes brought on by the restoration, particularly alterations in water levels. We also sought the answers to the following questions: 1. What responses do birds have when muck farms are restored to aquatic and wetland habitat? 2. How does active management of water levels, such as draw downs, affect avian use of a wetland? 3. Can a volunteer monitoring program provide useful data?. JF - Ecological Restoration AU - Marburger, JE AD - Division of Environmental Sciences, Department of Water Resources, St. Johns River Water Management District, Palatka, FL 32178, USA, Joy-marburger@nps.gov Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 164 EP - 172 VL - 20 IS - 3 SN - 1543-4060, 1543-4060 KW - Birds KW - USA, Florida KW - Volunteers KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts KW - USA, Florida, Emeralda Marsh Connection Area KW - Freshwater KW - Habitat selection KW - environmental policy KW - Restoration KW - Water levels KW - Environmental Policy KW - Habitat utilization KW - Wetlands KW - Data acquisition KW - Bioindicators KW - Marshes KW - Habitat KW - USA, Florida, Oklawaha R. KW - Aves KW - Environmental restoration KW - Monitoring KW - Environment management KW - Aquatic birds KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - D 04200:Wetlands KW - SW 4020:Evaluation process KW - D 04715:Reclamation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16140536?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Restoration&rft.atitle=Volunteers+Monitor+Bird+Use+of+Wetland+Restoration+on+Public+Lands+in+Central+Florida&rft.au=Marburger%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Marburger&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=164&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Restoration&rft.issn=15434060&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water levels; Wetlands; Marshes; Monitoring; Habitat selection; Environment management; Aquatic birds; Data acquisition; Restoration; Environmental restoration; Habitat utilization; Bioindicators; Habitat; environmental policy; Environmental Policy; Birds; Aves; USA, Florida, Emeralda Marsh Connection Area; USA, Florida, Oklawaha R.; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - McCune-Albright syndrome: a case report and review of the literature. AN - 85374246; pmid-12127226 AB - Nasal obstruction is one of the most common symptoms pediatric patients present to their physicians with. Usually this symptom is caused by allergic rhinitis or an upper respiratory infection, however, many conditions present with nasal obstruction. We present a 14-year-old patient with a rare cause of nasal obstruction, turbinate enlargement due to fibrous dysplasia, as diagnosed by CT scan and histopathologic analysis. Additionally, clinical history revealed precocious puberty, and a dermatologic exam revealed a café au lait macule, consistent with the McCune-Albright syndrome. This case illustrates the need to formulate a broad differential diagnosis and also consider the overall patient, not just the nasal cavity. The clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, long-term management plan and relevant literature are discussed. JF - International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology AU - Bolger, William E AU - Ross, Adam T AD - Department of Surgery and Pediatrics, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2002/08/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Aug 01 SP - 69 EP - 74 VL - 65 IS - 1 SN - 0165-5876, 0165-5876 KW - Index Medicus KW - National Library of Medicine KW - Adolescent KW - Biopsy, Needle KW - Endoscopy: methods KW - *Facial Bones KW - Female KW - Fibrous Dysplasia, Polyostotic: complications KW - *Fibrous Dysplasia, Polyostotic: diagnosis KW - Follow-Up Studies KW - Humans KW - *Nasal Obstruction: diagnosis KW - Nasal Obstruction: etiology KW - Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures: methods KW - *Skull KW - Tomography, X-Ray Computed KW - Treatment Outcome UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85374246?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+pediatric+otorhinolaryngology&rft.atitle=McCune-Albright+syndrome%3A+a+case+report+and+review+of+the+literature.&rft.au=Bolger%2C+William+E%3BRoss%2C+Adam+T&rft.aulast=Bolger&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+pediatric+otorhinolaryngology&rft.issn=01655876&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English (eng) DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2011-12-15 N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Corneal injury threshold in rabbits for the 1540 nm infrared laser. AN - 71993835; 12182219 AB - In the 40 yr since lasers were invented, they have become commonplace in military operations, and while their utility in this setting is undeniable, they also represent a potential hazard for those in contact with them. This threat must be recognized, information must be gathered to understand this injury potential, and the necessary measures must be taken to properly protect those who will work, train, and fight with these systems. The exact mechanisms of laser/tissue interaction at 1540 nm are not well understood. Previous studies and textbooks show remarkable disparity in reporting where 1540 nm laser energy is deposited and the quantity of energy required to cause tissue damage. Rabbit cornea is very similar histologically to that of humans with the exception that it lacks Bowman's membrane. This model has been recommended as a reasonable approximation by past researchers and avoids the use of valuable non-human, primate research animals. A rabbit model was used to demonstrate the ability of the 1540 nm laser to produce corneal injuries. Various energies were applied to find the threshold at which injury is consistently produced. Observations included the appearance of the injury in the rabbit cornea. All rabbits were between 5 and 6 kg. Corneal injury was consistent at energies above 56 J x cm(-2). Injuries involved the deeper corneal stroma rather than only the epithelial layer, thus raising concern for permanent visual disability in those affected. The gross appearance of these injuries was white opaque areas easily seen within the corneal stroma. Data shows conclusively that the 1540 nm laser causes significant corneal damage at reproducible energy levels. Further research is clearly necessary to advance our understanding of the role of Bowman's membrane, the healing properties of the injured cornea, and the epidemiology of laser injury. JF - Aviation, space, and environmental medicine AU - Clarke, Thomas F AU - Johnson, Thomas E AU - Burton, Margaret B AU - Ketzenberger, Bryan AU - Roach, William P AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 787 EP - 790 VL - 73 IS - 8 SN - 0095-6562, 0095-6562 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Animals KW - Thermodynamics KW - Logistic Models KW - Safety KW - Eye Injuries -- prevention & control KW - Rabbits KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Eye Injuries -- pathology KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Time Factors KW - Cornea -- pathology KW - Eye Injuries -- etiology KW - Infrared Rays -- adverse effects KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Corneal Injuries KW - Lasers -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71993835?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aviation%2C+space%2C+and+environmental+medicine&rft.atitle=Corneal+injury+threshold+in+rabbits+for+the+1540+nm+infrared+laser.&rft.au=Clarke%2C+Thomas+F%3BJohnson%2C+Thomas+E%3BBurton%2C+Margaret+B%3BKetzenberger%2C+Bryan%3BRoach%2C+William+P&rft.aulast=Clarke&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=787&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aviation%2C+space%2C+and+environmental+medicine&rft.issn=00956562&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-10 N1 - Date created - 2002-08-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Foodborne illness: new developments concerning an old problem. AN - 71960682; 12149177 AB - Foodborne illnesses continue to cause substantial morbidity and mortality in the United States, primarily as gastroenteritis but occasionally as other syndromes as well. Most of these illnesses are caused by a variety of widely known infectious agents, principally viruses, and are probably the result of common mistakes in food handling in the home or in restaurants. The epidemiology of foodborne illness is evolving. Major changes in food production, distribution, and consumption have created opportunities for new pathogens to emerge and for old ones to reemerge, and the potential for widespread outbreaks is increasing. Antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens resulting from the widespread use of antimicrobial agents in animal husbandry is also an important concern. Clinicians must be aware of the changing epidemiology of foodborne illness to recognize and manage these conditions in the clinical setting. In addition, clinicians are critical in the reporting of recognized or suspected foodborne illness, so that public health authorities are able to investigate, understand, and ultimately better control them. A number of new techniques have been employed, and others under development will improve our ability to recognize and cope with foodborne diseases. JF - Current gastroenterology reports AU - Kasowski, Eric J AU - Gackstetter, Gary D AU - Sharp, Trueman W AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Room A1044, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA. Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 308 EP - 318 VL - 4 IS - 4 SN - 1522-8037, 1522-8037 KW - Index Medicus KW - Food Microbiology KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Incidence KW - Primary Prevention -- methods KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Risk Assessment KW - Food Contamination -- prevention & control KW - Bacterial Infections -- microbiology KW - Bacterial Infections -- epidemiology KW - Gastroenteritis -- microbiology KW - Bacterial Infections -- therapy KW - Gastroenteritis -- therapy KW - Disease Outbreaks KW - Virus Diseases -- virology KW - Gastroenteritis -- epidemiology KW - Virus Diseases -- therapy KW - Virus Diseases -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71960682?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+gastroenterology+reports&rft.atitle=Foodborne+illness%3A+new+developments+concerning+an+old+problem.&rft.au=Kasowski%2C+Eric+J%3BGackstetter%2C+Gary+D%3BSharp%2C+Trueman+W&rft.aulast=Kasowski&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=308&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+gastroenterology+reports&rft.issn=15228037&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-09-17 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - MxiE regulates intracellular expression of factors secreted by the Shigella flexneri 2a type III secretion system. AN - 71954056; 12142411 AB - The mxi-spa locus on the virulence plasmid of Shigella flexneri encodes components of the type III secretion system. mxiE, a gene within this locus, encodes a protein that is homologous to the AraC/XylS family of transcriptional regulators, but currently its role in pathogenesis remains undefined. We characterized the virulence phenotype of a nonpolar mxiE mutant and found that this mutant retained the ability to invade mammalian cells in tissue culture and secrete Ipas (type III effectors required for host cell invasion), although it was less efficient than wild-type Shigella at cell-to-cell spread. Despite its invasive properties in culture, the mxiE mutant was completely avirulent in an animal model. Potential targets for MxiE activation were identified by using promoter-green fluorescent protein fusions, and gene expression was examined under various growth conditions. Six MxiE-regulated genes were discovered: ospB, ospC1, ospE2, ospF, virA, and ipaH(9.8). Notably, activation of these genes only occurred within the intracellular environment of the host and not during growth at 37 degrees C in liquid culture. Interestingly, all of the MxiE-regulated proteins previously have been shown to be secreted through the type III secretion system and are putative virulence factors. Our findings suggest that some of these Osp proteins may be involved in postinvasion events related to virulence. Since bacterial pathogens adapt to multiple environments during the course of infecting a host, we propose that Shigella evolved a mechanism to take advantage of a unique intracellular cue, which is mediated through MxiE, to express proteins when the organism reaches the eukaryotic cytosol. JF - Journal of bacteriology AU - Kane, Colleen D AU - Schuch, Raymond AU - Day, William A AU - Maurelli, Anthony T AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799, USA. Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 4409 EP - 4419 VL - 184 IS - 16 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - Antigens, Bacterial KW - 0 KW - Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins KW - Bacterial Proteins KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - Lipoproteins KW - MxiE protein, Shigella flexneri KW - OspC protein KW - OspE protein, Borrelia burgdorferi KW - OspF protein, Borrelia burgdorferi KW - Transcription Factors KW - Virulence Factors KW - ipaH protein, Shigella flexneri KW - outer surface protein D, Borrelia burgdorferi KW - 148939-61-1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Virulence KW - Phenotype KW - Bacterial Proteins -- genetics KW - Plasmids -- genetics KW - Genes, araC -- genetics KW - Mutagenesis -- physiology KW - Shigella flexneri -- pathogenicity KW - Shigella flexneri -- metabolism KW - Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins -- genetics KW - Shigella flexneri -- genetics KW - Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins -- metabolism KW - Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins -- secretion UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71954056?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+bacteriology&rft.atitle=MxiE+regulates+intracellular+expression+of+factors+secreted+by+the+Shigella+flexneri+2a+type+III+secretion+system.&rft.au=Kane%2C+Colleen+D%3BSchuch%2C+Raymond%3BDay%2C+William+A%3BMaurelli%2C+Anthony+T&rft.aulast=Kane&rft.aufirst=Colleen&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=184&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=4409&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-14 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Mol Microbiol. 1996 Oct;22(1):63-73 [8899709] Infect Immun. 1985 Jul;49(1):164-71 [2989179] J Bacteriol. 1997 Jun;179(11):3604-12 [9171406] Infect Immun. 1997 Sep;65(9):3686-92 [9284138] Infect Immun. 1986 Nov;54(2):395-402 [3021627] Infect Immun. 1987 Nov;55(11):2681-8 [3312007] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 May;86(10):3867-71 [2542950] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jun;87(11):4179-83 [2190215] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Feb 15;88(4):1187-91 [1705028] Mol Microbiol. 1991 Apr;5(4):887-93 [1857209] J Bacteriol. 1991 Aug;173(16):4994-5009 [1860816] Mol Microbiol. 1992 Feb;6(3):395-409 [1552853] Mol Microbiol. 1993 Jan;7(1):59-68 [8437520] Infect Immun. 1993 May;61(5):1707-14 [8478058] J Bacteriol. 1993 Sep;175(18):5899-906 [8376337] Cell. 1994 Nov 4;79(3):515-25 [7954817] Mol Microbiol. 1994 Aug;13(4):555-68 [7997169] J Bacteriol. 1995 Feb;177(4):1094-7 [7860590] J Bacteriol. 1995 Jul;177(14):3965-71 [7608068] J Bacteriol. 1995 Jul;177(14):4121-30 [7608087] Mol Microbiol. 1995 Apr;16(2):291-300 [7565091] Mol Microbiol. 1995 Jul;17(2):241-50 [7494473] Gene. 1996;173(1 Spec No):33-8 [8707053] Infect Immun. 1997 Oct;65(10):4005-10 [9316999] Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 1997 Dec;61(4):393-410 [9409145] J Bacteriol. 1998 Apr;180(7):1793-802 [9537377] EMBO J. 1998 May 15;17(10):2894-903 [9582283] Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 1998 Jun;62(2):379-433 [9618447] Mol Microbiol. 1998 Oct;30(1):163-74 [9786193] Infect Immun. 1999 Jan;67(1):350-6 [9864236] Mol Microbiol. 1998 Dec;30(5):1051-65 [9988481] Clin Microbiol Rev. 1999 Jul;12(3):405-28 [10398673] J Bacteriol. 1999 Jul;181(14):4198-204 [10400576] J Bacteriol. 1999 Aug;181(16):4949-54 [10438766] Infect Immun. 1999 Nov;67(11):5690-8 [10531217] Mol Microbiol. 1999 Nov;34(4):675-89 [10564508] J Bacteriol. 2000 Feb;182(3):771-81 [10633113] Biotechniques. 2000 Jan;28(1):82-4, 86, 88-9 [10649775] Mol Microbiol. 2000 May;36(3):737-48 [10844661] Mol Microbiol. 2000 Jun;36(6):1436-46 [10931293] Mol Microbiol. 2000 Nov;38(4):760-71 [11115111] J Bacteriol. 2001 Feb;183(4):1452-4 [11157959] Mol Microbiol. 2001 Feb;39(3):620-32 [11169103] Cell Microbiol. 1999 Sep;1(2):183-93 [11207551] Infect Immun. 2001 Apr;69(4):2180-9 [11254573] J Bacteriol. 2001 Aug;183(15):4588-98 [11443094] J Biol Chem. 2001 Aug 24;276(34):32071-9 [11418613] Infect Immun. 2001 Dec;69(12):7471-80 [11705922] Mol Microbiol. 2001 Nov;42(4):1075-93 [11737648] Mol Microbiol. 2002 Mar;43(6):1543-53 [11971264] Infect Immun. 1981 Apr;32(1):137-44 [7012026] Infect Immun. 1984 Jan;43(1):195-201 [6360895] Infect Immun. 1985 Apr;48(1):124-9 [3884506] Mol Microbiol. 1996 Nov;22(4):703-14 [8951817] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of velocity field in the East Black Sea from satellite data during the Black Sea '99 experiment AN - 51874257; 2004-025720 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Afanasyev, Y D AU - Kostianoy, A G AU - Zatsepin, A G AU - Poulain, P M Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 8 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 107 IS - C8 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - currents KW - Rim Current KW - Black Sea KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - satellite methods KW - ocean currents KW - mesoscale vortical activity KW - temperature KW - East Mediterranean KW - AVHRR KW - infrared methods KW - conductivity KW - dynamics KW - crosscorrelation KW - velocity KW - Mediterranean Sea KW - bathymetry KW - remote sensing KW - airborne methods KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51874257?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+velocity+field+in+the+East+Black+Sea+from+satellite+data+during+the+Black+Sea+%2799+experiment&rft.au=Afanasyev%2C+Y+D%3BKostianoy%2C+A+G%3BZatsepin%2C+A+G%3BPoulain%2C+P+M&rft.aulast=Afanasyev&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=C8&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2000JC000578 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; AVHRR; bathymetry; Black Sea; conductivity; crosscorrelation; currents; dynamics; East Mediterranean; geophysical methods; infrared methods; Mediterranean Sea; mesoscale vortical activity; ocean currents; remote sensing; Rim Current; satellite methods; statistical analysis; temperature; velocity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000JC000578 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Observations of nearshore infragravity waves; seaward and shoreward propagating components AN - 51871188; 2004-025717 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Sheremet, A AU - Guza, R T AU - Elgar, S AU - Herbers, T H C Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 10 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 107 IS - C8 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - orientation KW - ocean circulation KW - pressure KW - surf zones KW - infragravity waves KW - slopes KW - swells KW - shoreward KW - tides KW - beaches KW - attenuation KW - shoaling KW - ocean waves KW - velocity KW - seaward KW - energy KW - field studies KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51871188?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Observations+of+nearshore+infragravity+waves%3B+seaward+and+shoreward+propagating+components&rft.au=Sheremet%2C+A%3BGuza%2C+R+T%3BElgar%2C+S%3BHerbers%2C+T+H+C&rft.aulast=Sheremet&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=C8&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F20001JC000970 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - attenuation; beaches; energy; field studies; infragravity waves; ocean circulation; ocean waves; orientation; pressure; seaward; shoaling; shoreward; slopes; surf zones; swells; tides; velocity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/20001JC000970 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Caring for medically unexplained physical symptoms after toxic environmental exposures: effects of contested causation. AN - 21249605; 11702287 AB - Medically unexplained physical symptoms (MUPS) are persistent idiopathic symptoms that drive patients to seek medical care. MUPS syndromes include chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia syndrome, and multiple chemical sensitivities. When MUPS occur after an environmental exposure or injury, an adversarial social context that we call "contested causation" may ensue. Contested causation may occur publicly and involve media controversy, scientific disagreement, political debate, and legal struggles. This adversarial social context may diminish the effectiveness of the provider-patient relationship. Contested causation also may occur privately, when disagreement over the causes of MUPS takes place in the patient-provider context. These patient-provider disagreements over causation often occur because of the enigmatic nature of MUPS. We suggest that a context of contested causation may have serious negative effects on healthcare for individuals with MUPS. Context plays a larger role in MUPS care than it does for most medical care because of the uncertain nature of MUPS, the reliance of standard MUPS therapies on a potentially tenuous patient-provider partnership, and the clinical need to rely routinely on subjective MUPS assessments that often yield discordant patient and provider conclusions. Contested causation may erode patient-provider trust, test the provider's self-assurance and capacity to share power with the patient, and raise problematic issues of compensation, reparation, and blame. These issues may distract patients and providers from therapeutic goals. In occupational and military settings, the adverse impact of contested causation on the patient-provider partnership may diminish therapeutic effectiveness to a greater degree than it does in other medical settings. Contested causation therefore raises questions regarding generalizability of standard therapies for MUPS and related syndromes to these settings. Future research is needed to learn whether intuitively sensible and evidence-based MUPS therapies benefit occupational and military medical patients who are afforded care in the context of contested causation. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Engel, Charles C AU - Adkins, Joyce A AU - Cowan, David N AD - Deployment Health Clinical Center, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA., cengel@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - Aug 2002 SP - 641 EP - 647 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 110 IS - Suppl 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Multiple chemical sensitivity KW - Sensitivity KW - Health care KW - Injuries KW - Politics KW - Fibromyalgia KW - Military KW - chronic fatigue syndrome KW - Ethnic groups KW - fatigue KW - X 24310:Pharmaceuticals KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21249605?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Caring+for+medically+unexplained+physical+symptoms+after+toxic+environmental+exposures%3A+effects+of+contested+causation.&rft.au=Engel%2C+Charles+C%3BAdkins%2C+Joyce+A%3BCowan%2C+David+N&rft.aulast=Engel&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=Suppl+4&rft.spage=641&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Multiple chemical sensitivity; Injuries; Fibromyalgia; chronic fatigue syndrome; Sensitivity; Health care; Politics; Military; fatigue; Ethnic groups ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Common ravens, Corvus corax, preferentially associate with grey wolves, Canis lupus, as a foraging strategy in winter AN - 18476098; 5445953 AB - One foraging strategy that scavengers can employ to discover unpredictable food sources is to associate directly with predators who inadvertently provide food. The common raven, a well known feeding generalist, is also a prominent scavenger of wolves' kills and is found to be in close association with this predator. We tested the hypothesis that ravens preferentially associate with wolves in winter as a kleptoparasitic foraging strategy. The presence, absence and behaviour of ravens was documented during winter observations of wolves, coyotes, Canis latrans, and elk, Cervus elaphus, as well as the landscape in the absence of these three species. Ravens were found to be in close association with wolves when they were travelling, resting and hunting prey. In comparison, ravens showed no significant association with coyotes, elk or areas on the landscape in the absence of wolves. We also compared ravens' discovery success of wolf-killed and nonwolf-killed carcasses and their behavioural response upon discovery. Ravens found all wolf kills almost immediately and remained at the carcass to feed alongside wolves after the death of the prey. In contrast, ravens were less successful discovering experimentally placed carcasses in the same study region, and did not land or feed despite the availability of fresh, exposed meat. Our results show that ravens' association with wolves is not just an incidental and proximate by-product of the presence of fresh meat. Instead, we show that ravens preferentially associate with wolves in both the presence and absence of food, resulting in the discovery of carcasses and suppression of ravens' innate fear of novel food sources. Through this mode of social foraging, ravens may experience increased foraging efficiency in the use of an otherwise spatially and temporally unpredictable food source.Copyright 2002 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved . JF - Animal Behaviour AU - Stahler, D AU - Heinrich, B AU - Smith, D AD - Department of Biology, Yellowstone Center for Resources, Yellowstone National Park, dan_stahler@nps.gov Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - Aug 2002 SP - 283 EP - 290 PB - Academic Press VL - 64 IS - 2 SN - 0003-3472, 0003-3472 KW - Common raven KW - Gray wolf KW - Ecology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts KW - D 04671:Birds KW - Y 25496:Birds UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18476098?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Animal+Behaviour&rft.atitle=Common+ravens%2C+Corvus+corax%2C+preferentially+associate+with+grey+wolves%2C+Canis+lupus%2C+as+a+foraging+strategy+in+winter&rft.au=Stahler%2C+D%3BHeinrich%2C+B%3BSmith%2C+D&rft.aulast=Stahler&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Animal+Behaviour&rft.issn=00033472&rft_id=info:doi/10.1006%2Fanbe.2002.3047 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/anbe.2002.3047 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - One of Two Copies of the Gene for the Activatable Shiga Toxin Type 2d in Escherichia coli O91:H21 Strain B2F1 Is Associated with an Inducible Bacteriophage AN - 18452379; 5425452 AB - Shiga toxin (Stx) types 1 and 2 are encoded within intact or defective temperate bacteriophages in Stx-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), and expression of these toxins is linked to bacteriophage induction. Among Stx2 variants, only stx sub(2e) from one human STEC isolate has been reported to be carried within a toxin-converting phage. In this study, we examined the O91:H21 STEC isolate B2F1, which carries two functional alleles for the potent activatable Stx2 variant toxin, Stx2d, for the presence of Stx2d-converting bacteriophages. We first constructed mutants of B2F1 that produced one or the other Stx2d toxin and found that the mutant that produced only Stx2d1 made less toxin than the Stx2d2-producing mutant. Consistent with that result, the Stx2d1- producing mutant was attenuated in a streptomycin-treated mouse model of STEC infection. When the mutants were treated with mitomycin C to promote bacteriophage induction, Vero cell cytotoxicity was elevated only in extracts of the Stx2d1-producing mutant. Additionally, when mice were treated with ciprofloxacin, an antibiotic that induces the O157:H7 Stx2-converting phage, the animals were more susceptible to the Stx2d1-producing mutant. Moreover, an stx sub(2d1)-containing lysogen was isolated from plaques on strain DH5 alpha that had been exposed to lysates of the mutant that produced Stx2d1 only, and supernatants from that lysogen transformed with a plasmid encoding RecA were cytotoxic when the lysogen was induced with mitomycin C. Finally, electron- microscopic examination of extracts from the Stx2d1-producing mutant showed hexagonal particles that resemble the prototypic Stx2-converting phage 933W. Together these observations provide strong evidence that expression of Stx2d1 is bacteriophage associated. We conclude that despite the sequence similarity of the stx sub(2d1)- and stx sub(2d2)-flanking regions in B2F1, Stx2d1 expression is repressed within the context of its toxin-converting phage while Stx2d2 expression is independent of phage induction. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Teel, L D AU - Melton-Celsa, A R AU - Schmitt, C K AU - O'Brien, AD AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, B4052, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814-4799., aobrien@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - Aug 2002 SP - 4282 EP - 4291 VL - 70 IS - 8 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - B2F1 protein KW - Stx2d1 protein KW - Stx2d2 protein KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics KW - V 22070:Phage-host interactions including lysogeny & transduction KW - J 02823:In vitro and in vivo effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18452379?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=One+of+Two+Copies+of+the+Gene+for+the+Activatable+Shiga+Toxin+Type+2d+in+Escherichia+coli+O91%3AH21+Strain+B2F1+Is+Associated+with+an+Inducible+Bacteriophage&rft.au=Teel%2C+L+D%3BMelton-Celsa%2C+A+R%3BSchmitt%2C+C+K%3BO%27Brien%2C+AD&rft.aulast=Teel&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=4282&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FIAI.70.8.4282-4291.2002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.70.8.4282-4291.2002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Power law decay in model predictability skill AN - 1642300027; 19638478 AB - Ocean predictability skill is investigated using a Gulf of Mexico nowcast/forecast model. Power law scaling is found in the mean square error of displacement between drifting buoy and model trajectories (both at 50 m depth). The probability density function of the model valid prediction period (VPP) is asymmetric with a long and broad tail on the higher value side, which suggests long-term predictability. The calculations demonstrate that the long-term (extreme long such as 50-60 day) predictability is not an "outlier" and shares the same statistical properties as the short-term predictions. JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Chu, Peter C AU - Ivanov, Leonid M AU - Kantha, Lakshmi H AU - Melnichenko, Oleg V AU - Poberezhny, Yuri A AD - Naval Postgraduate School, California, USA. Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - Aug 2002 SP - 38 EP - 1-38-4 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 United States VL - 29 IS - 15 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); Aerospace & High Technology Database (AH) KW - Skills KW - Mean square values KW - Mathematical models KW - Oceans KW - Asymmetry KW - Power law KW - Decay KW - Gulf of Mexico UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1642300027?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Power+law+decay+in+model+predictability+skill&rft.au=Chu%2C+Peter+C%3BIvanov%2C+Leonid+M%3BKantha%2C+Lakshmi+H%3BMelnichenko%2C+Oleg+V%3BPoberezhny%2C+Yuri+A&rft.aulast=Chu&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=38&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002GL014891 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-06 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002GL014891 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sequential anaerobic-aerobic treatment of an aquifer contaminated by halogenated organics: field results AN - 16137579; 5433635 AB - In situ, sequential, anaerobic to aerobic treatment of groundwater removed perchloroethene (PCE, 1.1 mu M) and benzene (0.8 mu M) from a contaminated aquifer. Neither aerobic nor anaerobic treatment alone successfully degraded both the chlorinated and non-chlorinated organic contaminants in the aquifer. After the sequential treatment, PCE, trichloroethene (TCE), vinyl chloride (VC), chloroethane (CA), and benzene were not detectable in groundwater. Desorption of residual aquifer contaminants was tested by halting the groundwater recirculation and analyzing the groundwater after 3 and 7 weeks. No desorption of the chlorinated contaminants or daughter products was observed in the treated portion of the aquifer. Sequential anaerobic to aerobic treatment was successful in remediating the groundwater at this test site and may have broad applications at other contaminated sites. Over the 4-year course of the project, the predominant microbial environment of the test site varied from aerobic to sulfate-reducing, to methanogenic, and back to aerobic conditions. Metabolically active microbial populations developed under all conditions, demonstrating the diversity and robustness of natural microbial flora in the aquifer. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Beeman, R E AU - Bleckmann, CA AD - Department of Systems and Engineering Management, Air Force Institute of Technology, 2950 P Street, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433-7765, USA, Charles.Bleckmann@afit.edu Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - Aug 2002 SP - 147 EP - 159 VL - 57 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Biological control KW - Biodegradation KW - Aerobic conditions KW - Stage Treatment KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Field Tests KW - Benzene KW - Microbial Degradation KW - Anaerobic Biodegradation KW - Field studies KW - Hydrology KW - Aquifer investigations KW - Biological oxidation (see also Biodegradation) KW - Oxic conditions KW - Water Pollution Treatment KW - Microbiology of groundwater KW - Anaerobic conditions KW - benzene KW - Pollution (Groundwater) KW - Biodegradation (see also Biological oxidation) KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Remediation KW - Aerobic Biodegradation KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Pollution control KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment KW - M2 556.3:Groundwater Hydrology (556.3) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16137579?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Sequential+anaerobic-aerobic+treatment+of+an+aquifer+contaminated+by+halogenated+organics%3A+field+results&rft.au=Beeman%2C+R+E%3BBleckmann%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Beeman&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological control; Oxic conditions; Hydrology; Groundwater pollution; Benzene; Pollution control; Microbiology of groundwater; Aquifer investigations; Aerobic conditions; Biodegradation; Anaerobic conditions; benzene; Biological oxidation (see also Biodegradation); Pollution (Groundwater); Biodegradation (see also Biological oxidation); Water Pollution Treatment; Remediation; Field studies; Performance Evaluation; Microbial Degradation; Stage Treatment; Anaerobic Biodegradation; Aerobic Biodegradation; Groundwater Pollution; Field Tests ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Assessment of the potential for prediction of tropical cyclone formation in the navy global models AN - 39612214; 3684677 AU - Dorics, T AU - Harr, P A AU - Elsberry, R L Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39612214?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+the+potential+for+prediction+of+tropical+cyclone+formation+in+the+navy+global+models&rft.au=Dorics%2C+T%3BHarr%2C+P+A%3BElsberry%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Dorics&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St., Boston, MA 02108-3693, USA; URL: www.ams.org. Paper No. 4D.7 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Extratropical transition of Western North Pacific tropical cyclones: Midlatitude and tropical cyclone contributions to re-intensification AN - 39584613; 3684877 AU - Klein, P M AU - Harr, P A AU - Elsberry, R L Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39584613?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Extratropical+transition+of+Western+North+Pacific+tropical+cyclones%3A+Midlatitude+and+tropical+cyclone+contributions+to+re-intensification&rft.au=Klein%2C+P+M%3BHarr%2C+P+A%3BElsberry%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Klein&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St., Boston, MA 02108-3693, USA; URL: www.ams.org. Paper No. 13D.4 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Beta test of a prototype dynamical model track prediction evaluation system model for the Atlantic AN - 39584160; 3684748 AU - Boothe, MA AU - Elsberry, R L AU - Salvador, L L Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39584160?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Beta+test+of+a+prototype+dynamical+model+track+prediction+evaluation+system+model+for+the+Atlantic&rft.au=Boothe%2C+MA%3BElsberry%2C+R+L%3BSalvador%2C+L+L&rft.aulast=Boothe&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St., Boston, MA 02108-3693, USA; URL: www.ams.org. Paper No. 7D.5 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Numerical simulations of the formation of typhoon Robyn (1993) AN - 39567575; 3684761 AU - Cheung, KKW Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39567575?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Numerical+simulations+of+the+formation+of+typhoon+Robyn+%281993%29&rft.au=Cheung%2C+KKW&rft.aulast=Cheung&rft.aufirst=KKW&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St., Boston, MA 02108-3693, USA; URL: www.ams.org. Paper No. 8C.4 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Turbulence closure model with explicit cloud microphysics for stratocumulus-topped boundary layers AN - 39540275; 3684065 AU - Wang, Q AU - Wang, S AU - Zuo, H AU - Westphal, D L Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39540275?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Turbulence+closure+model+with+explicit+cloud+microphysics+for+stratocumulus-topped+boundary+layers&rft.au=Wang%2C+Q%3BWang%2C+S%3BZuo%2C+H%3BWestphal%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Q&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Meterological Society, 45 Beacon Street, Boston, MA 02108-3693, USA; phone: 617-227-2425; fax: 617-742-8718; URL: www.ametsoc.org. Paper No. 7.4 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Prediction of intraseasonal variability in tropical cyclone activity over the Western North Pacific AN - 39504474; 3684948 AU - Harr, P A AU - Elsberry, R L Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39504474?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Prediction+of+intraseasonal+variability+in+tropical+cyclone+activity+over+the+Western+North+Pacific&rft.au=Harr%2C+P+A%3BElsberry%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Harr&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St., Boston, MA 02108-3693, USA; URL: www.ams.org. Paper No. 17B.4 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Simulations of the extratropical transition of tropical cyclones: Contributions by the midlatitude upper-level trough AN - 39467164; 3684843 AU - Ritchie, E A AU - Elsberry, R L Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39467164?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Simulations+of+the+extratropical+transition+of+tropical+cyclones%3A+Contributions+by+the+midlatitude+upper-level+trough&rft.au=Ritchie%2C+E+A%3BElsberry%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Ritchie&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St., Boston, MA 02108-3693, USA; URL: www.ams.org. Paper No. 12D.2 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Depleted uranium-catalyzed oxidative DNA damage: absence of significant alpha particle decay. AN - 71912504; 12121782 AB - Depleted uranium (DU) is a dense heavy metal used primarily in military applications. Published data from our laboratory have demonstrated that DU exposure in vitro to immortalized human osteoblast cells (HOS) is both neoplastically transforming and genotoxic. DU possesses both a radiological (alpha particle) and a chemical (metal) component. Since DU has a low-specific activity in comparison to natural uranium, it is not considered to be a significant radiological hazard. In the current study we demonstrate that DU can generate oxidative DNA damage and can also catalyze reactions that induce hydroxyl radicals in the absence of significant alpha particle decay. Experiments were conducted under conditions in which chemical generation of hydroxyl radicals was calculated to exceed the radiolytic generation by one million-fold. The data showed that markers of oxidative DNA base damage, thymine glycol and 8-deoxyguanosine could be induced from DU-catalyzed reactions of hydrogen peroxide and ascorbate similarly to those occurring in the presence of iron catalysts. DU was 6-fold more efficient than iron at catalyzing the oxidation of ascorbate at pH 7. These data not only demonstrate that DU at pH 7 can induced oxidative DNA damage in the absence of significant alpha particle decay, but also suggest that DU can induce carcinogenic lesions, e.g. oxidative DNA lesions, through interaction with a cellular oxygen species. JF - Journal of inorganic biochemistry AU - Miller, Alexandra C AU - Stewart, Michael AU - Brooks, Kia AU - Shi, Lin AU - Page, Natalie AD - Applied Cellular Radiobiology Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, 8901 Wisconsin Ave., Bethesda, MD 20889-5603, USA. millera@mx.afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/07/25/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 25 SP - 246 EP - 252 VL - 91 IS - 1 SN - 0162-0134, 0162-0134 KW - Free Radical Scavengers KW - 0 KW - Oxidants KW - thymine glycol KW - 2943-56-8 KW - Uranium KW - 4OC371KSTK KW - Nickel KW - 7OV03QG267 KW - 8-oxo-7-hydrodeoxyguanosine KW - 88847-89-6 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Hydrogen Peroxide KW - BBX060AN9V KW - Iron KW - E1UOL152H7 KW - Catalase KW - EC 1.11.1.6 KW - Superoxide Dismutase KW - EC 1.15.1.1 KW - Deoxyguanosine KW - G9481N71RO KW - Ascorbic Acid KW - PQ6CK8PD0R KW - Thymine KW - QR26YLT7LT KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Thymine -- chemistry KW - Thymine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Thymine -- metabolism KW - DNA Damage KW - Humans KW - Hydrogen Peroxide -- metabolism KW - Iron -- chemistry KW - Superoxide Dismutase -- metabolism KW - Deoxyguanosine -- chemistry KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Catalase -- metabolism KW - Cattle KW - Deoxyguanosine -- metabolism KW - Oxidants -- chemistry KW - Oxidants -- metabolism KW - Ascorbic Acid -- chemistry KW - Nickel -- chemistry KW - Radiation Injuries KW - Free Radical Scavengers -- metabolism KW - Deoxyguanosine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Hydrogen Peroxide -- chemistry KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Uranium -- chemistry KW - DNA -- chemistry KW - Alpha Particles KW - DNA -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71912504?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+inorganic+biochemistry&rft.atitle=Depleted+uranium-catalyzed+oxidative+DNA+damage%3A+absence+of+significant+alpha+particle+decay.&rft.au=Miller%2C+Alexandra+C%3BStewart%2C+Michael%3BBrooks%2C+Kia%3BShi%2C+Lin%3BPage%2C+Natalie&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Alexandra&rft.date=2002-07-25&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=246&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+inorganic+biochemistry&rft.issn=01620134&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-10-22 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Liberation of hydrogen cyanide and hydrogen chloride during high-temperature dispersion of CS riot control agent. AN - 72775866; 12486784 AB - High temperature dispersion (greater than 700 degrees C) of the riot control agent orthochlorobenzylidenemalononitrile (CS) has previously been shown to produce a number of organic thermal degradation products through rearrangements and loss of cyano and chlorine substituents present on the parent CS compound. Until now the possibility that HCN and HCl might also be air contaminants produced during high temperature CS dispersion has not been examined. Air samples were collected to detect HCN and HCl as air contaminants released during high-temperature CS dispersion indoors. Sampling and analysis based on National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health methods 7904 and 6010 for HCN, and 7903 for HCl, showed evidence that both compounds were present in air samples collected. A reassessment of human health risks associated with exposure to CS riot control agent dispersed at high temperature should be conducted, and should consider the full range of contaminants produced during the dispersion process. JF - AIHA journal : a journal for the science of occupational and environmental health and safety AU - Kluchinsky, Timothy A AU - Savage, Paul B AU - Fitz, Robert AU - Smith, Philip A AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Bethesda, MD, USA. PY - 2002 SP - 493 EP - 496 VL - 63 IS - 4 SN - 1542-8117, 1542-8117 KW - Riot Control Agents, Chemical KW - 0 KW - o-Chlorobenzylidenemalonitrile KW - 2698-41-1 KW - Hydrogen Cyanide KW - 2WTB3V159F KW - Hydrochloric Acid KW - QTT17582CB KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Hydrogen Cyanide -- analysis KW - Hot Temperature KW - Riot Control Agents, Chemical -- chemistry KW - o-Chlorobenzylidenemalonitrile -- chemistry KW - Hydrochloric Acid -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72775866?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AIHA+journal+%3A+a+journal+for+the+science+of+occupational+and+environmental+health+and+safety&rft.atitle=Liberation+of+hydrogen+cyanide+and+hydrogen+chloride+during+high-temperature+dispersion+of+CS+riot+control+agent.&rft.au=Kluchinsky%2C+Timothy+A%3BSavage%2C+Paul+B%3BFitz%2C+Robert%3BSmith%2C+Philip+A&rft.aulast=Kluchinsky&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=493&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIHA+journal+%3A+a+journal+for+the+science+of+occupational+and+environmental+health+and+safety&rft.issn=15428117&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-03-04 N1 - Date created - 2002-12-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ergonomic and Psychosocial Factors Affect Daily Function in Workers' Compensation Claimants With Persistent Upper Extremity Disorders AN - 18466118; 5437143 AB - Pain and other symptoms associated with work-related upper extremity disorders (WRUEDs) can lead to significant distress, lost function, and disability. Identifying factors associated with decreased upper extremity function may lead to the development of more effective interventions. In this study, participants were 165 government employees (127 female, 38 male) with an accepted workers' compensation claim (<90 days from claim filing) for a WRUED who were unable to perform their normal work. Participants completed baseline measures of upper extremity functional limitation, symptoms, general health status, problem solving orientation, pain coping, and workplace factors. After controlling for pain and gender in a multiple regression analysis, greater functional limitation was further explained by: (1) upper extremity symptoms other than pain (eg, sleep disturbance, numbness and tingling), (2) symptoms in one or both hands, (3) feeling overwhelmed by pain, (4) low confidence in problem solving abilities, and (5) higher ergonomic risk factor exposures at work. The final model accounted for 47.4% of the variance in upper extremity function, F(7157) = 4.33, P < 0.05. Mental health status was related to functional limitation in univariate, but not multivariate analyses. These results suggest that improving function in this population may require: (1) pain coping techniques and active problem solving to overcome functional barriers, and (2) reduction of workplace ergonomic risk exposure. JF - Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine AU - Shaw, W S AU - Feuerstein, M AU - Lincoln, A E AU - Miller, VI AU - Wood, P M AD - Department of Medical & Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA, mfeuerstein@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - Jul 2002 SP - 606 EP - 615 VL - 44 IS - 7 SN - 1076-2752, 1076-2752 KW - pain KW - upper extremities KW - workers' compensation KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18466118?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Occupational+and+Environmental+Medicine&rft.atitle=Ergonomic+and+Psychosocial+Factors+Affect+Daily+Function+in+Workers%27+Compensation+Claimants+With+Persistent+Upper+Extremity+Disorders&rft.au=Shaw%2C+W+S%3BFeuerstein%2C+M%3BLincoln%2C+A+E%3BMiller%2C+VI%3BWood%2C+P+M&rft.aulast=Shaw&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=606&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Occupational+and+Environmental+Medicine&rft.issn=10762752&rft_id=info:doi/10.1097%2F01.jom.0000026042.24145.19 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.jom.0000026042.24145.19 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Island Biogeography of Mammals in Apostle Islands National Lakeshore, USA AN - 18460040; 5435452 AB - We examined the biogeographical distribution of nonvolant mammals among 20 islands in Apostle Islands National Lakeshore, Lake Superior, USA. Species-area relationships were calculated using the power function model (PF; S = cA super(z)) with two different transformations (log S and log S + 1) and the cumulative extreme value function model (EVF) with logistic regression. Island area was positively associated with the number of species present on islands, with R super(2) values of 0.78 (PF, log S), 0.82 (EVF), and 0.87 (PF, log S + 1). The EVF provided a better fit for extreme data values (species proportion [S sub(p)] > 0.9). Degree of isolation did not appear to affect mammalian distribution among islands. However, isolation from the mainland was important in that fewer species that hibernated or were less active in winter colonized islands (P < 0.040). Larger islands supported species with greater body mass (P < 0.001). We conclude that island area and degree of winter activity were dominant factors affecting distribution of nonvolant mammals at Apostle Islands National Lakeshore. Our data also support the incidence function hypothesis in that some species require resources (e.g., large home ranges) supported only by larger islands. For determining species-area relationships, we recommend use of EVF models over PF models, particularly when data include islands with S sub(p) = 0 or when S sub(p) approaches 1. Because of low colonization potential and high extinction rates, development of conservation reserves for terrestrial vertebrates should incorporate species-area relationship data for nonvolant mammals. JF - Natural Areas Journal AU - Belant, J L AU - Van Stappen, JF AD - National Park Service, Pictured Rocks Science Center, Box 40, Munising, MI 49862, USA, jerry_belant@nps.gov Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - Jul 2002 SP - 180 EP - 185 VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0885-8608, 0885-8608 KW - Mammals KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04672:Mammals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18460040?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Natural+Areas+Journal&rft.atitle=Island+Biogeography+of+Mammals+in+Apostle+Islands+National+Lakeshore%2C+USA&rft.au=Belant%2C+J+L%3BVan+Stappen%2C+JF&rft.aulast=Belant&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=180&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Natural+Areas+Journal&rft.issn=08858608&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory Transmission of La Crosse Virus by Ochlerotatus j. japonicus (Diptera: Culicidae) AN - 1791885466; 5439214 AB - Ochlerotatus j. japonicus, a recent introduction to the United States, was studied to determine its capability to serve as a vector of La Crosse (LAC) virus. A field-collected population of Ochlerotatus triseriatus, the primary vector of LAC virus, was similarly tested for comparison. After Oc. j. japonicus ingested virus from hamsters with viremias of 103.6-5.4 plaque-forming units (PFU)/ml of blood, its estimated transmission rates were 35-88%. These rates were slightly lower than, though similar to, those for Oc. triseriatus, 75-100%. Viral titers in Oc. j. japonicus peaked at -105.5 PFU/mosquito about 7 d after ingesting a blood meal in which the concentration of LAC virus was 105.4 PFU/ml of blood; virus had disseminated from the midgut in 100% (8/8) of these specimens. These data, combined with the close association between the habitats of Oc. j. japonicus and Oc. triseriatus and the reported expansion of the range of this newly discovered species in the eastern United States, indicate that Oc. j. japonicus could function as an additional vector of LAC virus. JF - Journal of Medical Entomology AU - Sardelis, M R AU - Turell, MJ AU - Andre, R G AD - Division of Tropical Public Health, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, turell@det.amedd.army.mil Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - July 2002 SP - 635 EP - 639 PB - Entomological Society of America VL - 39 IS - 4 SN - 0022-2585, 0022-2585 KW - Aedes japonicus KW - Diptera KW - Mosquitoes KW - laboratories KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Entomology Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Biological vectors KW - La Crosse virus KW - Ochlerotatus japonicus KW - Vectors KW - Culicidae KW - Blood meals KW - Freshwater KW - Disease transmission KW - Public health KW - USA KW - Viral diseases KW - Introduced species KW - Aquatic insects KW - V 22123:Epidemiology KW - Z 05206:Medical & veterinary entomology KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1791885466?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Medical+Entomology&rft.atitle=Laboratory+Transmission+of+La+Crosse+Virus+by+Ochlerotatus+j.+japonicus+%28Diptera%3A+Culicidae%29&rft.au=Sardelis%2C+M+R%3BTurell%2C+MJ%3BAndre%2C+R+G&rft.aulast=Sardelis&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=635&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Medical+Entomology&rft.issn=00222585&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0022-2585%282002%29039%280635%3ALTOLCV%292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological vectors; Viral diseases; Introduced species; Aquatic insects; Public health; Disease transmission; Vectors; Blood meals; La Crosse virus; Ochlerotatus japonicus; Culicidae; Aedes japonicus; USA; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0022-2585(2002)039(0635:LTOLCV)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Liberation of Hydrogen Cyanide and Hydrogen Chloride During High-Temperature Dispersion of CS Riot Control Agent AN - 16156437; 5599527 AB - High temperature dispersion (greater than 700 degree C) of the riot control agent ortho-chlorobenzylidenemalononitrile (CS) has previously been shown to produce a number of organic thermal degradation products through rearrangements and loss of cyano and chlorine substituents present on the parent CS compound. Until now the possibility that HCN and HCl might also be air contaminants produced during high temperature CS dispersion has not been examined. Air samples were collected to detect HCN and HCl as air contaminants released during high-temperature CS dispersion indoors. Sampling and analysis based on National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health methods 7904 and 6010 for HCN, and 7903 for HCl, showed evidence that both compounds were present in air samples collected. A reassessment of human health risks associated with exposure to CS riot control agent dispersed at high temperature should be conducted, and should consider the full range of contaminants produced during the dispersion process. JF - American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal AU - Kluchinsky, TA Jr AU - Fitz, R AU - Smith, P A AU - Savage, P B AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Bethesda, MD, USA Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - Jul 2002 SP - 493 EP - 496 VL - 63 IS - 4 SN - 0002-8894, 0002-8894 KW - CS riot control agent KW - hydrochloric acid KW - hydrogen chloride KW - hydrogen cyanide KW - Pollution Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Air pollution KW - Hazardous materials KW - Air sampling KW - Hydrogen cyanide KW - Heat treatments KW - Occupational exposure KW - Hydrochloric acid KW - R2 23080:Industrial and labor KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16156437?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Industrial+Hygiene+Association+Journal&rft.atitle=Liberation+of+Hydrogen+Cyanide+and+Hydrogen+Chloride+During+High-Temperature+Dispersion+of+CS+Riot+Control+Agent&rft.au=Kluchinsky%2C+TA+Jr%3BFitz%2C+R%3BSmith%2C+P+A%3BSavage%2C+P+B&rft.aulast=Kluchinsky&rft.aufirst=TA&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=493&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Industrial+Hygiene+Association+Journal&rft.issn=00028894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Hydrogen cyanide; Heat treatments; Hydrochloric acid; Occupational exposure; Hazardous materials; Air sampling ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 activation by aerobic glycolysis implicates the Warburg effect in carcinogenesis. AN - 71847075; 11943784 AB - Cancer cells display high rates of aerobic glycolysis, a phenomenon known historically as the Warburg effect. Lactate and pyruvate, the end products of glycolysis, are highly produced by cancer cells even in the presence of oxygen. Hypoxia-induced gene expression in cancer cells has been linked to malignant transformation. Here we provide evidence that lactate and pyruvate regulate hypoxia-inducible gene expression independently of hypoxia by stimulating the accumulation of hypoxia-inducible Factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha). In human gliomas and other cancer cell lines, the accumulation of HIF-1alpha protein under aerobic conditions requires the metabolism of glucose to pyruvate that prevents the aerobic degradation of HIF-1alpha protein, activates HIF-1 DNA binding activity, and enhances the expression of several HIF-1-activated genes including erythropoietin, vascular endothelial growth factor, glucose transporter 3, and aldolase A. Our findings support a novel role for pyruvate in metabolic signaling and suggest a mechanism by which high rates of aerobic glycolysis can promote the malignant transformation and survival of cancer cells. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Lu, Huasheng AU - Forbes, Robert A AU - Verma, Ajay AD - Department of Neurology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA. Y1 - 2002/06/28/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 28 SP - 23111 EP - 23115 VL - 277 IS - 26 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - HIF1A protein, human KW - 0 KW - Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit KW - Transcription Factors KW - Pyruvic Acid KW - 8558G7RUTR KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Glucose KW - IY9XDZ35W2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Glucose -- metabolism KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Gene Expression Regulation KW - Aerobiosis KW - Transcription Factors -- metabolism KW - Pyruvic Acid -- metabolism KW - Glycolysis KW - Neoplasms -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71847075?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Hypoxia-inducible+factor+1+activation+by+aerobic+glycolysis+implicates+the+Warburg+effect+in+carcinogenesis.&rft.au=Lu%2C+Huasheng%3BForbes%2C+Robert+A%3BVerma%2C+Ajay&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Huasheng&rft.date=2002-06-28&rft.volume=277&rft.issue=26&rft.spage=23111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-06 N1 - Date created - 2002-06-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitric oxide adsorption and desorption on alumina supported palladium. AN - 71723459; 12031609 AB - The adsorption properties of nitric oxide (NO) on alumina supported palladium were studied by a simultaneous thermogravimetric-analysis and differential-scanning-calorimetry (TGA-DSC) in a temperature ranges between 220 and 470 K. Upon adsorption, NO molecules on both Pd/Al2O3 and Pd/NaOH-Al2O3 samples were molecularly adsorbed between 220 and 300 K. Some NO molecules were strongly adsorbed on Pd/NaOH-Al2O3 and possessed a higher enthalpy of adsorption [approximately 140 kJ (mol NO)(-1)] than Pd/Al2O3 [approximately 114 kJ (mol NO)(-1)]. Upon heating above 320 K, the adsorbed NO molecule on these palladium surface was dissociated. In addition, a temperature programmed desorption and mass spectrometer (TPD-MS) study in a temperature range between 300 and 1100 K further indicated that some strongly adsorbed NO molecules may stay on basic sites (*b) and Pd-NaOH interface sites (*i) to enhance the decomposition of NO. JF - Journal of hazardous materials AU - Wang, Chen-Bin AU - Yeh, Tsao-Fa AU - Lin, Hung-Kuan AD - Department of Applied Chemistry, Chung Cheng Institute of Technology, National Defense University, Tahsi, 33509, ROC, Taoyuan, Taiwan. chenbin@ccit.edu.tw Y1 - 2002/06/10/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 10 SP - 241 EP - 251 VL - 92 IS - 3 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Nitric Oxide KW - 31C4KY9ESH KW - Palladium KW - 5TWQ1V240M KW - Aluminum Oxide KW - LMI26O6933 KW - Index Medicus KW - Aluminum Oxide -- chemistry KW - Hot Temperature KW - Adsorption KW - Palladium -- chemistry KW - Nitric Oxide -- chemistry KW - Air Pollutants -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71723459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+hazardous+materials&rft.atitle=Nitric+oxide+adsorption+and+desorption+on+alumina+supported+palladium.&rft.au=Wang%2C+Chen-Bin%3BYeh%2C+Tsao-Fa%3BLin%2C+Hung-Kuan&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Chen-Bin&rft.date=2002-06-10&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+hazardous+materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-07-16 N1 - Date created - 2002-05-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Native plant propagation for national parks AN - 39551753; 3671879 AU - Haas, R Y1 - 2002/06/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 03 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39551753?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Native+plant+propagation+for+national+parks&rft.au=Haas%2C+R&rft.aulast=Haas&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Society for Range Management, 445 Union Blvd., Suite 230, Lakewood, CO 80228, USA; phone: 303-986-3309; fax: 303-986-3892; email: srmden@ix.netcom.com; URL: www.oznet.ksu.edu/srm2002 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seasonal abundance of Culex nigripalpus Theobald and Culex salinarius Coquillett in north Florida, USA. AN - 71932773; 12125867 AB - North Florida is a transition zone between widespread Culex nigripalpus populations to the south and focal Culex salinarius populations to the north. Culex nigripalpus is a vector of St. Louis encephalitis (SLE) and eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) viruses in south Florida, while Cx. salinarius is a suspected New World vector of West Nile (WN) virus. Abundant vector populations are often a prerequisite for epidemic and epizootic transmission of arboviruses. Extensive SLE transmission has never been reported from north Florida, but sporadic WN transmission was reported there during the summer of 2001. The disparate flavivirus transmission patterns observed in north and south Florida may be due, in part, to the local geographical and seasonal distribution of Culex vectors. Here we report that from May 1991 to April 1994, Cx. salinarius was most commonly observed during the winter and spring in northeast Florida (Duval County), whereas Cx. nigripalpus was most abundant during the summer and autumn. An unusually mild spring in 1991 allowed Cx. nigripalpus to reproduce early in the year, resulting in a summer population that emerged more than 8 wks earlier than in 1992 and 1993. The 1991 Cx. nigripalpus population persisted through October, when SLE transmission was detected by sentinel chickens. Transmission of SLE was not detected in Duval County during 1992 or 1993. These data indicate that mild winter and spring conditions in north Florida may favor increased abundance and survival of Cx. nigripalpus in a region where this species is normally not abundant. A seasonal shift in population structure may increase the transmission risk of arboviruses for which Cx. nigripalpus is a competent vector, including SLE, WN, and EEE. JF - Journal of vector ecology : journal of the Society for Vector Ecology AU - Zyzak, Michael AU - Loyless, Tom AU - Cope, Stanton AU - Wooster, Mark AU - Day, Jonathan F AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Preventative Medicine and Biometrics, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 155 EP - 162 VL - 27 IS - 1 SN - 1081-1710, 1081-1710 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Environment KW - Animals KW - Population Dynamics KW - Seasons KW - Florida KW - Male KW - Female KW - Culex KW - Encephalomyelitis, Eastern Equine -- transmission KW - Insect Vectors KW - Encephalitis, St. Louis -- transmission KW - West Nile Fever -- transmission UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71932773?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+vector+ecology+%3A+journal+of+the+Society+for+Vector+Ecology&rft.atitle=Seasonal+abundance+of+Culex+nigripalpus+Theobald+and+Culex+salinarius+Coquillett+in+north+Florida%2C+USA.&rft.au=Zyzak%2C+Michael%3BLoyless%2C+Tom%3BCope%2C+Stanton%3BWooster%2C+Mark%3BDay%2C+Jonathan+F&rft.aulast=Zyzak&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+vector+ecology+%3A+journal+of+the+Society+for+Vector+Ecology&rft.issn=10811710&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-12-24 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of residual spraying for malaria control in Belize. AN - 71929654; 12125874 AB - We studied the impact of reduced residual spraying in Belize by developing a logistic regression model on relationships between numbers of houses sprayed (mostly with DDT) and numbers of malaria cases. We defined the "minimum effective house spray rate" (MEHSR) as the level of spraying that will prevent increases in malaria rates for a defined population. Under the total coverage approach (all houses sprayed), the MEHSR for Belize was 134.6. The model also showed that the odds for decreasing malaria is 1.086 for each increase of 10 houses sprayed per 1,000 population. In further testing, highly significant and differential changes in malaria rates were documented for paired groups of years with house spray rates that were either above or below the MEHSR. Numbers of malaria cases since 1995 are used to show how stratification methods are used in Belize to spray fewer houses (at levels below the MEHSR of 134.6). JF - Journal of vector ecology : journal of the Society for Vector Ecology AU - Roberts, Donald R AU - Vanzie, Erol AU - Bangs, Michael J AU - Grieco, John P AU - Lenares, Hilbert AU - Hshieh, Paul AU - Rejmankova, Eliska AU - Manguin, Sylvie AU - Andre, Richard G AU - Polanco, Jorge AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA. Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 63 EP - 69 VL - 27 IS - 1 SN - 1081-1710, 1081-1710 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - DDT KW - CIW5S16655 KW - Index Medicus KW - Regression Analysis KW - Belize KW - Animals KW - Housing KW - Population Dynamics KW - Forecasting KW - Mosquito Control -- methods KW - Malaria -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71929654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+vector+ecology+%3A+journal+of+the+Society+for+Vector+Ecology&rft.atitle=Role+of+residual+spraying+for+malaria+control+in+Belize.&rft.au=Roberts%2C+Donald+R%3BVanzie%2C+Erol%3BBangs%2C+Michael+J%3BGrieco%2C+John+P%3BLenares%2C+Hilbert%3BHshieh%2C+Paul%3BRejmankova%2C+Eliska%3BManguin%2C+Sylvie%3BAndre%2C+Richard+G%3BPolanco%2C+Jorge&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+vector+ecology+%3A+journal+of+the+Society+for+Vector+Ecology&rft.issn=10811710&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-12-24 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial distribution of adult Anopheles darlingi and Anopheles albimanus in relation to riparian habitats in Belize, Central America. AN - 71927983; 12125869 AB - Collections of Anopheles darlingi Root and An. albimanus Wiedemann from central and northern Belize were conducted as landing captures from 6:30 to 8:00 p.m. to define spatial distributions and outdoor:indoor ratios of biting during the early evening. In central Belize, collections were made at 31 houses in riparian zones (> or = 1 km from rivers) and 14 houses in upland zones (>1 km from rivers) during the dry and wet seasons of 1993 and 1994. Females of both species were abundant in houses < or = 1 km from rivers. Females were not present in houses located in upland areas during the dry season, but were present in the wet season. A total of 63 paired collections (representing 130 individual captures) from 42 houses showed An. darlingi females were more endophagic (ratio of 1:0.6) during the early evening than were An. albimanus females (ratio of 1:0.21). Paired landing collections from 22 houses in riparian zones in April-May were analyzed in an index of species abundance (ISA). ISA values rated An. darlingi as the dominant Anopheles mosquito indoors and An. albimanus was dominant outside. Although An. darlingi and An. albimanus were abundant in riparian zones, there was no association in their numerical abundance, suggesting that different environmental factors influenced their abundance. In northern Belize, one house for each of 16 villages was sampled during April and May 1994. Large numbers ofAn. albimanus were captured outdoors in houses located in riparian and marshland areas (means of 217.5 and 247.5/1.5 personhours outdoors, respectively). Numbers of An. albimanus were low at houses located away from rivers and marshes (12.2 per collection). Anopheles darlingi was uncommon at sites in northern Belize. Proportionally fewer An. albimanus females entered houses in the north (outdoor:indoor ratio of 1:0.16) compared to the central region (ratio of 1:0.21), which probably reflects differences in house construction, anti-mosquito behavior (i.e., closing windows and doors at sunset), and insecticide treatments. The ISA gave a quantitative assessment of vector dominance in relation to the parameters of spatial distribution and numerical abundance. The index was also sensitive to the variables of indoor and outdoor biting behaviors. JF - Journal of vector ecology : journal of the Society for Vector Ecology AU - Roberts, Donald R AU - Manguin, Sylvie AU - Rejmankova, Eliska AU - Andre, Richard AU - Harbach, Ralph E AU - Vanzie, Errol AU - Hakre, Shilpa AU - Polanco, Jorge AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 21 EP - 30 VL - 27 IS - 1 SN - 1081-1710, 1081-1710 KW - Index Medicus KW - Belize KW - Animals KW - Housing KW - Population Dynamics KW - Seasons KW - Mosquito Control KW - Insect Bites and Stings KW - Periodicity KW - Male KW - Female KW - Environment KW - Anopheles UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71927983?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+vector+ecology+%3A+journal+of+the+Society+for+Vector+Ecology&rft.atitle=Spatial+distribution+of+adult+Anopheles+darlingi+and+Anopheles+albimanus+in+relation+to+riparian+habitats+in+Belize%2C+Central+America.&rft.au=Roberts%2C+Donald+R%3BManguin%2C+Sylvie%3BRejmankova%2C+Eliska%3BAndre%2C+Richard%3BHarbach%2C+Ralph+E%3BVanzie%2C+Errol%3BHakre%2C+Shilpa%3BPolanco%2C+Jorge&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+vector+ecology+%3A+journal+of+the+Society+for+Vector+Ecology&rft.issn=10811710&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-12-24 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The long-term effectiveness of brief interventions for unsafe alcohol consumption: a 10-year follow-up. AN - 71872912; 12084136 AB - To examine the long-term impact of brief and early interventions for hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption. A 9-month and 10-year follow-up of subjects recruited into a randomized controlled trial of a range of alcohol-related brief interventions. General practices, the outpatient or acute care services of a major city hospital, and a privately run health screening programmeme. The cohort of 554 (non-dependent) hazardous and harmful drinkers recruited into the Australian arm of the Phase II World Health Organization collaborative project on identification and treatment of persons with harmful alcohol consumption. The effectiveness of three forms of intervention, ranging from 5 to 60 minutes in duration, were compared with a no-treatment control condition. Included drinking behaviour and biological markers of alcohol use. In addition, at 10 years subjects were asked about symptoms of diagnosable alcohol use disorders and their experience of alcohol-related psychological, social and physical harm. Mortality was also assessed. Results provide further evidence for the short-term effectiveness of alcohol-related brief interventions. In comparison to controls, subjects offered intervention: (1) report significantly lower consumption; and (2) less unsafe drinking at 9-month follow-up. The intensity of intervention was not related to the amount of change in drinking behaviour. Analysis at 10 years failed to find any differences in outcomes between intervention and control groups in median consumption, mean reduction in consumption from baseline to follow-up, mortality and ICD-10 diagnoses of alcohol dependence or harmful alcohol use. This study failed to find evidence that brief advice and counselling without regular follow-up and reinforcement can sustain significant long-term reductions in drinking behaviour at 10-year follow-up. JF - Addiction (Abingdon, England) AU - Wutzke, Sonia E AU - Conigrave, Katherine M AU - Saunders, John B AU - Hall, Wayne D AD - Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. swutzke@nps.org.au Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 665 EP - 675 VL - 97 IS - 6 SN - 0965-2140, 0965-2140 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Treatment Outcome KW - Alcohol-Related Disorders -- prevention & control KW - Middle Aged KW - Follow-Up Studies KW - Time Factors KW - Biomarkers -- blood KW - Male KW - Female KW - Alcoholism -- therapy KW - Alcohol Drinking -- prevention & control KW - Counseling -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71872912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Addiction+%28Abingdon%2C+England%29&rft.atitle=The+long-term+effectiveness+of+brief+interventions+for+unsafe+alcohol+consumption%3A+a+10-year+follow-up.&rft.au=Wutzke%2C+Sonia+E%3BConigrave%2C+Katherine+M%3BSaunders%2C+John+B%3BHall%2C+Wayne+D&rft.aulast=Wutzke&rft.aufirst=Sonia&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=665&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Addiction+%28Abingdon%2C+England%29&rft.issn=09652140&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-13 N1 - Date created - 2002-06-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Addiction. 2002 Jun;97(6):619-20 [12084123] Evid Based Ment Health. 2003 Feb;6(1):31 [12588837] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alcohol's contribution to fatal injuries: a report on public perceptions. AN - 71702017; 12023705 AB - We determine whether members of the public understand that alcohol contributes to each of the leading causes of unintentional-injury death in the United States and not just to motor vehicle-related fatalities. Public opinions of selected alcohol control policies were also assessed. We used a national telephone survey of 943 adults, who were selected by random-digit dialing techniques. Respondents' mean estimates of alcohol's involvement in fatal injuries were compared with published data from a meta-analysis of medical examiner data. The study population accurately estimated the proportion of fatal fall, drowning, and poisoning victims who were legally drunk when they died. Respondents overestimated the proportion of drivers killed in motor vehicle crashes who were intoxicated and underestimated the proportion of fire/burn victims. Fifty-seven percent of participants endorsed the myth that alcohol intoxication is protective against injury in the event of a motor vehicle crash. Participants were divided over whether increasing the legal drinking age to 21 had resulted in fewer injury deaths. Seventy-eight percent of participants did not believe that raising alcohol taxes would reduce fatal injuries. A majority (58%) of respondents supported taking blood alcohol levels on all "seriously injured" patients brought to the hospital. This report suggests that public awareness of alcohol's contribution to the breadth of the injury problem in the United States is high. Conversely, public understanding of whether prevention strategies have proven to be effective is poor. Emergency medicine practitioners can serve as credible sources of more accurate information for patients and the community at large. JF - Annals of emergency medicine AU - Girasek, Deborah C AU - Gielen, Andrea C AU - Smith, Gordon S AD - Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Center for Injury Research and Policy, Baltimore, MD, USA. DGirasek@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 622 EP - 630 VL - 39 IS - 6 SN - 0196-0644, 0196-0644 KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Educational Status KW - Telephone KW - Accidents, Traffic -- statistics & numerical data KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Data Collection KW - Male KW - Female KW - Income KW - Ethanol -- blood KW - Ethanol -- adverse effects KW - Wounds and Injuries -- chemically induced KW - Wounds and Injuries -- mortality KW - Public Opinion UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71702017?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+emergency+medicine&rft.atitle=Alcohol%27s+contribution+to+fatal+injuries%3A+a+report+on+public+perceptions.&rft.au=Girasek%2C+Deborah+C%3BGielen%2C+Andrea+C%3BSmith%2C+Gordon+S&rft.aulast=Girasek&rft.aufirst=Deborah&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=622&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+emergency+medicine&rft.issn=01960644&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-06-18 N1 - Date created - 2002-05-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Ann Emerg Med. 2002 Jun;39(6):651-2 [12023709] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developments in parathyroid hormone and related peptides as bone-formation agents. AN - 71701051; 12020480 AB - Osteoporosis is a major and growing healthcare concern. When administered by daily injection, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and its N-terminal fragments and analogs are potent bone-formation agents. Teriparatide, recombinant human PTH(1-34), is likely to be the first anabolic agent approved for treating osteoporosis, despite inducing osteosarcomas in rats. Native PTH and other PTH fragments and analogs are also in development. N-terminal fragments sometimes differ in activity from the native hormone, however, and the C-terminal region of PTH, acting through a receptor different from the classical PTH-1 receptor, initiates a variety of distinct biological activities. In particular, the C-terminal region of PTH, by promoting bone-cell apoptosis, may be important in opposing the anti-apoptotic effects of teriparatide in these cells, thereby maintaining normal bone-cell turnover. Because of these differences, care must be taken to consider the effects of native PTH and N-terminal PTH fragments and analogs separately. JF - Current opinion in pharmacology AU - Fox, John AD - NPS Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 420 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA. jfox@npsp.com Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 338 EP - 344 VL - 2 IS - 3 SN - 1471-4892, 1471-4892 KW - Parathyroid Hormone KW - 0 KW - Peptides KW - Teriparatide KW - 10T9CSU89I KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Osteosarcoma -- chemically induced KW - Teriparatide -- therapeutic use KW - Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic KW - Humans KW - Osteosarcoma -- pathology KW - Osteoporosis -- drug therapy KW - Peptides -- pharmacology KW - Peptides -- therapeutic use KW - Parathyroid Hormone -- pharmacology KW - Parathyroid Hormone -- therapeutic use KW - Bone Development -- drug effects KW - Bone Resorption -- drug therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71701051?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+opinion+in+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Developments+in+parathyroid+hormone+and+related+peptides+as+bone-formation+agents.&rft.au=Fox%2C+John&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=338&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+opinion+in+pharmacology&rft.issn=14714892&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-10-01 N1 - Date created - 2002-05-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Backward Fokker-Planck equation for determining model valid prediction period AN - 52023523; 2003-016666 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Chu, Peter C AU - Ivanov, Leonid M AU - Fan, Chenwu Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 10 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 107 IS - C6 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - time scales KW - models KW - ocean circulation KW - errors KW - numerical models KW - one-dimensional models KW - prediction KW - equations KW - Fokker-Planck equation KW - measurement KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52023523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Backward+Fokker-Planck+equation+for+determining+model+valid+prediction+period&rft.au=Chu%2C+Peter+C%3BIvanov%2C+Leonid+M%3BFan%2C+Chenwu&rft.aulast=Chu&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=C6&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001JC000879 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - equations; errors; Fokker-Planck equation; measurement; models; numerical models; ocean circulation; one-dimensional models; prediction; time scales DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001JC000879 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mesoscale variability in the Alboran Sea; synthetic aperture radar imaging of frontal eddies AN - 52023317; 2003-016653 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Font, Jordi AU - Rousseau, Stephan AU - Shirasago, Bernard AU - Garcia-Gorriz, Elisa AU - Haney, Robert L Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 17 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 107 IS - C6 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - currents KW - in situ KW - Strait of Gibraltar KW - Alboran Sea KW - geophysical methods KW - satellite methods KW - ocean currents KW - variations KW - temperature KW - infrared methods KW - conductivity KW - SAR KW - eddies KW - Mediterranean Sea KW - bathymetry KW - acoustic Doppler current profiler data KW - West Mediterranean KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - remote sensing KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52023317?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Mesoscale+variability+in+the+Alboran+Sea%3B+synthetic+aperture+radar+imaging+of+frontal+eddies&rft.au=Font%2C+Jordi%3BRousseau%2C+Stephan%3BShirasago%2C+Bernard%3BGarcia-Gorriz%2C+Elisa%3BHaney%2C+Robert+L&rft.aulast=Font&rft.aufirst=Jordi&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=C6&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001JC000835 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acoustic Doppler current profiler data; Alboran Sea; Atlantic Ocean; bathymetry; conductivity; currents; eddies; geophysical methods; in situ; infrared methods; Mediterranean Sea; ocean currents; remote sensing; SAR; satellite methods; Strait of Gibraltar; temperature; variations; West Mediterranean DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001JC000835 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimizing well placement in a coastal aquifer: outer Cape Cod, Massachusetts AN - 20151860; 5441449 AB - An inverse-simulation approach is used to determine optimal strategies for developing public water-supply systems in a shallow, coastal aquifer on the outermost arm of the Cape Cod peninsula in Massachusetts. Typically a forward simulation (or "trial and error") approach is used to find best pumping strategies, but the chances of finding success with this tact diminish as the number of potential options grows large. Well locations and pumping rates are optimized with respect to: (1) providing sufficient water to areas of water-quality impairment, (2) minimizing impacts to nearby surface waters, (3) preventing saltwater contamination due to overpumping, and (4) minimizing financial cost of well development. Potential well sites and water-supply scenarios are separated into "politically-based" and "resource-based" categories to gain insight into the degree that pre-existing political boundaries hinder best management practices. The approach provides a promising tool in transboundary water-resources settings because it allows stakeholders to find solutions that best meet everyone's goals, as opposed to pursuing options that will create conflict, or are less than optimal. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Sobczak, R V AU - Cambareri, T C AD - National Park Service, Big Cypress National Preserve, 33100 Tamiami Trail East, HCR 61, Box 110, Ochopee, Florida 34141, USA, robert_sobczak@nps.gov Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 747 EP - 758 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 38 IS - 3 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - USA, Massachusetts, Cape Cod KW - ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Aquifers KW - water quality KW - Aquifer KW - Contamination KW - Politics KW - Surface water KW - Water Supply KW - Water resources KW - Siting KW - Decision Making KW - Coastal Aquifers KW - Water supplies KW - Wells (see also Boreholes) KW - Marine fish KW - best practices KW - Potential resources KW - Coastal fisheries KW - Pumping KW - Disputes KW - Decision theory KW - Groundwater Management KW - Political Aspects KW - stakeholders KW - conflicts KW - Marine KW - Site Selection KW - Simulation KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Chemical oxygen demand KW - Water management KW - Boundaries KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Water wells KW - ANW, USA, Massachusetts, Cape Cod KW - Optimization KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - SW 2040:Groundwater management KW - Q4 27790:Fish KW - SW 4020:Evaluation process UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20151860?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Optimizing+well+placement+in+a+coastal+aquifer%3A+outer+Cape+Cod%2C+Massachusetts&rft.au=Sobczak%2C+R+V%3BCambareri%2C+T+C&rft.aulast=Sobczak&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=747&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Aquifer; Potential resources; Contamination; Water resources; Coastal fisheries; Disputes; Pumping; Aquifers; Surface water; Boundaries; Chemical oxygen demand; conflicts; water quality; best practices; Politics; Simulation; Water wells; Groundwater pollution; stakeholders; Water management; Modelling (-general-); Siting; Decision theory; Water supplies; Optimization; Wells (see also Boreholes); Site Selection; Water Supply; Decision Making; Political Aspects; Coastal Aquifers; Groundwater Management; ANW, USA, Massachusetts, Cape Cod; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatially explicit population responses of crayfish Procambarus alleni to potential shifts in vegetation distribution in the marl marshes of Everglades National Park, USA AN - 18926085; 5536072 AB - Hydropattern disturbance has had wide-ranging impacts on wetland communities of the Florida Everglades, especially on the habitats and the aquatic biota of the seasonally flooded marl marshes. We used the Everglades crayfish Procambarus alleni as a model to study the associations among hydrology, vegetation distribution, and population dynamics to assess the potential impacts of hydrological changes on the aquatic faunal community in Everglades National Park. To classify benthic habitats as sources or sinks for the crayfish population, we quantified vegetation community structure using GIS maps in which dominant vegetation types were weighted by local hydroperiod (length of inundation). Regression analysis showed that this habitat classification was associated with crayfish density distribution. We then used a spatially explicit, stage-structured population model to describe crayfish population fluctuations under current environmental conditions and to simulate the potential population-level responses to habitat changes that might occur following hydrological restoration. In habitat that was initially saturated with crayfish, the crayfish population size declined under current environmental conditions and then stabilized at about 13% of the initial density over a 50-year period. A 4-month increase in hydroperiod was then simulated by converting shorter-hydroperiod Muhlenbergia-dominated marsh habitat to longer-hydroperiod Cladium-dominated marshes. The model predicted a rapid 7-fold increase in crayfish density following the simulated habitat restoration. This indicated that several functional effects may result from the restoration of historical hydropatterns in marl marshes: (1) the areal extent of habitat sinks will be reduced to isolated patches, whereas the spatial distribution of aquatic source habitats will expand; (2) crayfish population size will increase and persist over time; (3) the minimum threshold needed to increase secondary aquatic productivity may be a 7-month hydroperiod over 90% of the marl marsh landscape. Restoration of historical hydropatterns could thus have cascading positive effects throughout the Everglades aquatic food web. JF - Hydrobiologia AU - Acosta, CA AU - Perry, SA AD - South Florida Natural Resources Center, Everglades National Park, 40001 State Road 9336, Homestead, FL 33034, U.S.A., sue_perry@nps.gov Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 221 EP - 230 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 477 IS - 1 SN - 0018-8158, 0018-8158 KW - Hydroperiods KW - Temporary marshes KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Procambarus alleni KW - USA, Florida KW - Ecological distribution KW - USA, Florida, Everglades Natl. Park KW - Man-induced effects KW - Hydrobiology KW - Freshwater KW - Population dynamics KW - Environmental factors KW - Restoration KW - Models KW - Vegetation cover KW - Biota KW - Freshwater crustaceans KW - Hydrology KW - Transplantation KW - Aquatic plants KW - Marshes KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Environmental restoration KW - Sanctuaries KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - D 04665:Crustaceans KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18926085?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrobiologia&rft.atitle=Spatially+explicit+population+responses+of+crayfish+Procambarus+alleni+to+potential+shifts+in+vegetation+distribution+in+the+marl+marshes+of+Everglades+National+Park%2C+USA&rft.au=Acosta%2C+CA%3BPerry%2C+SA&rft.aulast=Acosta&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=477&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrobiologia&rft.issn=00188158&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Transplantation; Aquatic plants; Hydrobiology; Man-induced effects; Marshes; Population dynamics; Environmental factors; Ecosystem disturbance; Models; Restoration; Vegetation cover; Biota; Freshwater crustaceans; Hydrology; Sanctuaries; Ecological distribution; Environmental restoration; Procambarus alleni; USA, Florida; USA, Florida, Everglades Natl. Park; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Mechanism Underlying T Cell Help for Induction of an Antigen-Specific In Vivo Humoral Immune Response to Intact Streptococcus pneumoniae Is Dependent on the Type of Antigen AN - 18332067; 5382974 AB - Little is known concerning the role of T cells in regulating an anti-polysaccharide Ig response to an intact pathogen. We previously reported that the in vivo Ig responses to Streptococcus pneumoniae (strain R36A), specific for pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) and for the phosphorylcholine (PC) determinant of C-polysaccharide, were both dependent on TCR- alpha beta super(+) T cells and B7-dependent costimulation, although only PspA-specific memory was generated. In this report, we show that the T cell help underlying these two Ag-specific Ig responses is distinct. Using H-Y-specific T cell transgenic mice made "nonleaky" by crossing with mice genetically deficient for TCR- alpha , we demonstrate that the T cell help for the anti-PC, in contrast to the anti-PspA, response is TCR-nonspecific and occurs normally in the absence of germinal center formation, although it is still dependent on B7-dependent costimulation. Consistent with these data, we demonstrate, using cathepsin S super(-/-) mice, that although the anti-PC response is largely dependent on CD4 super(+) T cells, there is a reduced (or lack of) dependence, relative to the anti-PspA response, on the generation of new peptide-MHC class II complexes. In this regard, the T cell help for an optimal anti-PC response is delivered more rapidly than that required for an optimal anti-PspA response. Collectively, these data demonstrate a novel accelerated TCR-nonspecific B7-dependent form of T cell help for augmenting a polysaccharide-specific Ig response to an intact bacterium without the generation of memory. JF - Journal of Immunology AU - Wu, Z AU - Shen, Y AU - Khan, A Q AU - Chu, C AU - Riese, R AU - Chapman, HA AU - Kanagawa, O AU - Snapper, C M AD - Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814 Y1 - 2002/06/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jun 01 SP - 5551 EP - 5557 VL - 168 IS - 11 SN - 0022-1767, 0022-1767 KW - PspA protein KW - phosphorylcholine KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - ^AT-cell receptor KW - T-cell receptor KW - Streptococcus pneumoniae KW - Lymphocytes T KW - Polysaccharides KW - Immune response (humoral) KW - F 06801:Bacteria KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18332067?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Immunology&rft.atitle=The+Mechanism+Underlying+T+Cell+Help+for+Induction+of+an+Antigen-Specific+In+Vivo+Humoral+Immune+Response+to+Intact+Streptococcus+pneumoniae+Is+Dependent+on+the+Type+of+Antigen&rft.au=Wu%2C+Z%3BShen%2C+Y%3BKhan%2C+A+Q%3BChu%2C+C%3BRiese%2C+R%3BChapman%2C+HA%3BKanagawa%2C+O%3BSnapper%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=168&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=5551&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Immunology&rft.issn=00221767&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Streptococcus pneumoniae; T-cell receptor; Lymphocytes T; Immune response (humoral); Polysaccharides; ^AT-cell receptor ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Streptozotocin-induced diabetes and the neurochemistry of vagal afferent neurons. AN - 71714155; 12031529 AB - To assess whether diabetes alters the content and/or expression of neuroactive agents and protooncogenes in afferent neurons of the vagus nerve, the nodose ganglia of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats were studied at 8, 16, and 24 weeks after induction of diabetes. Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the immediate early gene c-Jun, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) content and expression were measured in nodose ganglia of control, diabetic, and diabetic+insulin-treated rats using immunocytochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The numbers of nNOS-immunoreactive (ir) neurons were increased in the nodose ganglion of diabetic compared to control rats at the 8- and 16-week time points. However, no change was noted in the nNOS mRNA content of the diabetic nodose ganglion at either time point. Moreover, no alterations in the numbers of vagal efferent NOS-containing neurons (labeled with NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry) were noted in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV) or the nucleus ambiguous (NA) of control, diabetic, and diabetic+insulin-treated rats at any time point. Neither the numbers of TH-ir neurons nor the content of TH mRNA was altered in the diabetic rats at the 8- and 16-week time points. However, 24 weeks of diabetes resulted in a reduction in the numbers of TH-ir neurons in the diabetic nodose ganglia when compared to control, an effect not seen in diabetic rats receiving insulin. The number of nodose ganglion neurons labeled for the protooncogene, c-Jun, was small yet slightly increased in the diabetic nodose ganglia at the 8-week time point and was reversed with insulin treatment. The increase in c-Jun-ir neurons was not found at 16 or 24 weeks of diabetes. VIP-ir and CGRP-ir were unchanged at any of the time points. These data show that diabetes affects the content of some, but not all, neuroactive agents in the nodose ganglion and may reflect a modest level of diabetes-induced damage and/or alterations in axonal transport in the vagus nerve. JF - Brain research AU - Regalia, Jen AU - Cai, Fang AU - Helke, Cinda AD - Department of Pharmacology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2002/05/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 May 31 SP - 7 EP - 14 VL - 938 IS - 1-2 SN - 0006-8993, 0006-8993 KW - Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide KW - 37221-79-7 KW - Streptozocin KW - 5W494URQ81 KW - Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide KW - 83652-28-2 KW - Nitric Oxide Synthase KW - EC 1.14.13.39 KW - Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I KW - Nos1 protein, rat KW - Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase KW - EC 1.14.16.2 KW - NADPH Dehydrogenase KW - EC 1.6.99.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Time Factors KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Male KW - Vagus Nerve -- chemistry KW - Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase -- analysis KW - NADPH Dehydrogenase -- analysis KW - Nodose Ganglion -- pathology KW - Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide -- analysis KW - Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental -- pathology KW - Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental -- metabolism KW - Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Nodose Ganglion -- chemistry KW - Nitric Oxide Synthase -- analysis KW - Genes, jun -- genetics KW - Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71714155?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+research&rft.atitle=Streptozotocin-induced+diabetes+and+the+neurochemistry+of+vagal+afferent+neurons.&rft.au=Regalia%2C+Jen%3BCai%2C+Fang%3BHelke%2C+Cinda&rft.aulast=Regalia&rft.aufirst=Jen&rft.date=2002-05-31&rft.volume=938&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+research&rft.issn=00068993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-08 N1 - Date created - 2002-05-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of interleukin-1beta in Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide-induced bone resorption. AN - 71981074; 12166767 AB - Pro-Interleukin (IL)-1beta is not fully active after synthesis. It acquires activity after secretion when cleaved with a specific intracellular protease, IL-1beta converting enzyme (ICE). ICE-deficient animals display impaired production of IL-1beta. Upon stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), ICE homozygous deficiency mutants are highly resistant to endotoxic shock. Lipopolysaccharides have also been identified as major bacterial factors in bone resorption. However, the exact mechanisms by which LPS stimulates bone resorption in ICE-deficient animals are still uncertain. The present study investigated how interleukin-1beta activity mediates LPS-induced bone resorption in vivo. In our dose-dependent experiment, 10 six-week-old ICE-deficient mice were divided into two groups and injected with one of two concentrations of P gingivalis (A7436) LPS: 500 microg and 100 microg. Ten wild-type mice (164BBC) served as the control subjects. Frozen sections of calvaria were stained with tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) for histomorphometric analysis to quantify osteoclast number, area, and activity. Inhibition of 38% in osteoclast index and osteoclast surface was observed in 500 microg LPS-induced ICE-deficient mice compared with the wild-type mice. However, the data were not significantly different between these two groups at 100 microg of LPS injection, but they were still higher than those of control subjects. Bone-resorbing activities of the osteoclast showed no significant differences between ICE-deficient mice and wild-type mice. Within limitations of the study, we suggest that LPS-induced bone resorption may be caused by enhancing osteoclastogenesis, not by increasing osteoclast resorbing activity. The LPS leading bone resorption is, at least, partially mediated by IL-1beta at higher concentrations. JF - Zhonghua yi xue za zhi = Chinese medical journal; Free China ed AU - Chiang, Cheng-Yang AU - Fu, Earl AU - Shen, E-Chin AD - Dental Department, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, National Defense University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC. ndmccychiang@yahoo.com.tw Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 225 EP - 230 VL - 65 IS - 5 SN - 0578-1337, 0578-1337 KW - Interleukin-1 KW - 0 KW - Lipopolysaccharides KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- physiology KW - Mice KW - Male KW - Interleukin-1 -- physiology KW - Bone Resorption -- etiology KW - Porphyromonas gingivalis -- pathogenicity KW - Lipopolysaccharides -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71981074?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Zhonghua+yi+xue+za+zhi+%3D+Chinese+medical+journal%3B+Free+China+ed&rft.atitle=The+role+of+interleukin-1beta+in+Porphyromonas+gingivalis+lipopolysaccharide-induced+bone+resorption.&rft.au=Chiang%2C+Cheng-Yang%3BFu%2C+Earl%3BShen%2C+E-Chin&rft.aulast=Chiang&rft.aufirst=Cheng-Yang&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Zhonghua+yi+xue+za+zhi+%3D+Chinese+medical+journal%3B+Free+China+ed&rft.issn=05781337&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-29 N1 - Date created - 2002-08-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Traditional sampling with laboratory analysis and solid phase microextraction sampling with field gas chromatography/mass spectrometry by military industrial hygienists. AN - 71980594; 12173177 AB - The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private ones of the authors and are not to be construed as official or reflecting the views of the United States Department of Defense or the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences. Rapid on-site detection and identification of environmental contaminants to which personnel may be exposed is often needed during military deployment situations. The availability of military industrial hygienists with capabilities for "complete" on-site exposure assessment of chemical species should allow detection and identification of a number of important stressors almost immediately following sample collection. Portable gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) provides a rapid and efficient separation of volatile and semivolatile organic analytes, accompanied by sensitive electron impact ionization-mass spectrometry (EI-MS) detection. The use of GC/MS in the field is limited, however, by equipment cost, complexity of the equipment, and the analytical process. Additionally, a skilled operator is needed to obtain useful separations and to interpret mass spectral data. To demonstrate benefits and limitations of "complete" exposure assessment capabilities, a previously unidentified complex mixture, produced by thermal dispersion of riot control agents, was examined. Established active sampling methods were used with laboratory analyses. Solid phase microextraction, a passive sampling method that simplifies preparation for GC/MS analysis, also was used with a field-portable GC/MS system. Both sampling/analysis methods were used to detect CS riot control agent-derived air contaminants dispersed from riot control type canisters through oxidizer-supported combustion of a chemical fuel. JF - AIHA journal : a journal for the science of occupational and environmental health and safety AU - Smith, Philip A AU - Kluchinsky, Timothy A AU - Savage, Paul B AU - Erickson, Richard P AU - Lee, Arthur P AU - Williams, Kenneth AU - Stevens, Michael AU - Thomas, Richard J AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Bethesda, MD, USA. PY - 2002 SP - 284 EP - 292 VL - 63 IS - 3 SN - 1542-8117, 1542-8117 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Occupational Health KW - Chemistry Techniques, Analytical -- methods KW - Humans KW - Specimen Handling KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry KW - Military Personnel KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Hazardous Substances -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71980594?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AIHA+journal+%3A+a+journal+for+the+science+of+occupational+and+environmental+health+and+safety&rft.atitle=Traditional+sampling+with+laboratory+analysis+and+solid+phase+microextraction+sampling+with+field+gas+chromatography%2Fmass+spectrometry+by+military+industrial+hygienists.&rft.au=Smith%2C+Philip+A%3BKluchinsky%2C+Timothy+A%3BSavage%2C+Paul+B%3BErickson%2C+Richard+P%3BLee%2C+Arthur+P%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth%3BStevens%2C+Michael%3BThomas%2C+Richard+J&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=284&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIHA+journal+%3A+a+journal+for+the+science+of+occupational+and+environmental+health+and+safety&rft.issn=15428117&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-12-10 N1 - Date created - 2002-08-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biricodar. Vertex Pharmaceuticals. AN - 71860112; 12090559 AB - Vertex is developing biricodar as a chemosensitizing agent designed to restore the effectiveness of chemotherapeutic agents in tumor multidrug resistance. By November 1998, phase II trials had commenced for biricodar, in combination with chemotherapy, for five common cancer indications: breast, ovarian, soft-tissue sarcomas, small cell lung cancer and prostate cancer. Phase II trials were ongoing in January 2002. By March 2000, Vertex was the sole developer of biricodar, as an agreement made in 1996 with BioChem Pharma (now Shire Pharmaceuticals), for the development and marketing of biricodar in Canada was terminated. Biricodar is the free base compound, which also has a citrate salt analog known as VX-710-3. Vertex has published three patents, WO-09615101, WO-09636630 and WO-09736869, disclosing derivatives of biricodar that are claimed for the treatment of multidrug resistant protein and P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistant tumors. In January 2002, a Banc of America analyst report forecast that biricodar had a 30% chance of reaching the market with a launch date in the second half of 2005, with peak sales estimated at $250 million. JF - Current opinion in investigational drugs (London, England : 2000) AU - Dey, Saibal AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, F Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA. sdey@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 818 EP - 823 VL - 3 IS - 5 SN - 1472-4472, 1472-4472 KW - Antineoplastic Agents KW - 0 KW - Piperidines KW - Pyridines KW - biricodar KW - 3KG76X4KJK KW - Index Medicus KW - Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Humans KW - Clinical Trials as Topic KW - Drug Resistance, Neoplasm KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Drug Resistance, Multiple KW - Piperidines -- pharmacology KW - Piperidines -- therapeutic use KW - Pyridines -- therapeutic use KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Pyridines -- pharmacology KW - Pyridines -- adverse effects KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- pharmacology KW - Piperidines -- adverse effects KW - Antineoplastic Agents -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71860112?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+opinion+in+investigational+drugs+%28London%2C+England+%3A+2000%29&rft.atitle=Biricodar.+Vertex+Pharmaceuticals.&rft.au=Dey%2C+Saibal&rft.aulast=Dey&rft.aufirst=Saibal&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=818&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+opinion+in+investigational+drugs+%28London%2C+England+%3A+2000%29&rft.issn=14724472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-27 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biobehavioral mechanisms of work-related upper extremity disorders: a new agenda for research and practice. AN - 71842583; 12071485 AB - Epidemiological studies provide support for the role of organizational and individual psychosocial stressors in work-related upper extremity disorders (WRUEDs). Despite this evidence, the biological plausibility of a relationship between exposure to various psychosocial and work organizational stressors and WRUEDs remains unclear The Georgetown Symposium on Biobehavioral Mechanisms of Work-Related Upper Extremity Disorders was held in Washington D.C. on November 6-7, 2000 to improve the understanding of potential biobehavioral mechanisms, identify future areas for research and discuss the implications of this body of knowledge for intervention. This meeting involved presentations and discussions by researchers and clinicians from a number of disciplines (epidemiology, occupational medicine, rheumatology, orthopedics, surgery, internal medicine, psychoneuroimmunology, occupational health psychology, behavioral medicine, psychophysiology and experimental and organizational psychology). The symposium generated several papers addressing the following topics: definitions and job stress models; epidemiological foundations; musculoskeletal and biomechanical models; central nervous system models of recurrent and persistent clinical pain; psychophysiology of work; and implications for intervention. These papers comprise this special issue. The present paper summarizes the various contributions to this special issue and provides direction for future research on potential biobehavioral pathways. JF - American journal of industrial medicine AU - Feuerstein, Michael AD - Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of Health Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799, USA. mfeuerstein@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 293 EP - 297 VL - 41 IS - 5 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - Index Medicus KW - Arm -- physiopathology KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Biomechanical Phenomena KW - Stress, Psychological -- complications KW - Neuromuscular Diseases -- physiopathology KW - Cumulative Trauma Disorders -- etiology KW - Neuromuscular Diseases -- etiology KW - Occupational Diseases -- etiology KW - Cumulative Trauma Disorders -- physiopathology KW - Occupational Diseases -- physiopathology KW - Arm Injuries -- etiology KW - Arm Injuries -- physiopathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71842583?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+industrial+medicine&rft.atitle=Biobehavioral+mechanisms+of+work-related+upper+extremity+disorders%3A+a+new+agenda+for+research+and+practice.&rft.au=Feuerstein%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Feuerstein&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+industrial+medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-10-30 N1 - Date created - 2002-06-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Role of East Asia in Sino-American Relations AN - 60617089; 200215448 AB - Examines the role of East Asian countries in maintaining regional stability throughout several disagreements between the US & the People's Republic of China during the first half of 2001. Several incidents within the first months of the George W. Bush administration caused friction in Sino-American relations: (1) the EP-3 incident; (2) increased US commitment to defend Taiwan; & (3) the promotion of a US National Missile Defense program (NMD). Rather than siding with the US, Asian countries were autonomous & willing to mediate; they used engagement, binding, & distancing in their foreign relationships. A growing number of solely Asian multilateral regimes, such as the Assoc of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), ASEAN + 3, & the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, have allowed greater autonomy. China may interpret this response as an opportunity to enter an open multilateral security regime, & the US might see a regional regime as a venue for collaboration in the war on terrorism. L. A. Hoffman JF - Asian Survey AU - Christoffersen, Gaye AD - Dept National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 369 EP - 396 VL - 42 IS - 3 SN - 0004-4687, 0004-4687 KW - Peoples Republic of China KW - East Asia KW - United States of America KW - International Alliances KW - Autonomy KW - International Relations KW - Foreign Policy KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60617089?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asian+Survey&rft.atitle=The+Role+of+East+Asia+in+Sino-American+Relations&rft.au=Christoffersen%2C+Gaye&rft.aulast=Christoffersen&rft.aufirst=Gaye&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=369&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Asian+Survey&rft.issn=00044687&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United States of America; Peoples Republic of China; East Asia; International Relations; Foreign Policy; Autonomy; International Alliances ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydraulic containment; analytical and semi-analytical models for capture zone curve delineation AN - 52105889; 2002-040385 AB - We present an efficient semi-analytical algorithm that uses complex potential theory and superposition to delineate the capture zone curves of extraction wells. This algorithm is more flexible than previously published techniques and allows the user to determine the capture zone for a number of arbitrarily positioned extraction wells pumping at different rates. The algorithm is applied to determine the capture zones and optimal well spacing of two wells pumping at different flow rates and positioned at various orientations to the direction of regional groundwater flow. The algorithm is also applied to determine capture zones for non-colinear three-well configurations as well as to determine optimal well spacing for up to six wells pumping at the same rate. We show that the optimal well spacing is found by minimizing the difference in the stream function evaluated at the stagnation points. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Christ, John A AU - Goltz, Mark N Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 224 EP - 244 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 262 IS - 1-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - numerical analysis KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - ground water KW - capture zones KW - digital simulation KW - theoretical models KW - graphic methods KW - pump-and-treat KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - algorithms KW - water wells KW - water pollution KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52105889?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Hydraulic+containment%3B+analytical+and+semi-analytical+models+for+capture+zone+curve+delineation&rft.au=Christ%2C+John+A%3BGoltz%2C+Mark+N&rft.aulast=Christ&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=262&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=224&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; capture zones; data processing; digital simulation; graphic methods; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; mathematical models; numerical analysis; pollution; pump-and-treat; theoretical models; water pollution; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Occupational stress and work-related upper extremity disorders: Concepts and models AN - 18433464; 5410484 AB - Background While research has suggested that interventions targeted at occupational stress (job stress) factors may improve clinical and work outcomes related to work-related musculoskeletal disorders, the emerging hypotheses relating occupational stress to work-related upper extremity disorders (WRUEDs) are not particularly well known among occupational health providers and researchers. Methods Generic job stress and health models and multivariable models of WRUEDs were described and evaluated. Results Models on occupational stress and health/WRUEDs offer unique perspectives on the role of occupational stressors on WRUEDs. However, the limited support for the structure and proposed mechanisms of these models suggest that investigations examining and validating proposed biobehavioral pathways are still needed. Discussion Difficulties in conceptualizing occupational stress have, in the past, hindered its systematic incorporation into occupational health research and prevention/intervention strategies. The present paper provides a common basis for researchers and practitioners with diverse backgrounds to understand job stress and its relation to WRUEDs in order to enhance future efforts. Given the present limitations in the field and the need for comprehensive approaches to WRUEDs, there is great potential for occupational health researchers and clinicians to advance knowledge in this area. JF - American Journal of Industrial Medicine AU - Huang, G D AU - Feuerstein, M AU - Sauter, S L AD - Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA, ghuang@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 298 EP - 314 VL - 41 IS - 5 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - musculoskeletal system KW - upper extremities KW - working conditions KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18433464?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.atitle=Occupational+stress+and+work-related+upper+extremity+disorders%3A+Concepts+and+models&rft.au=Huang%2C+G+D%3BFeuerstein%2C+M%3BSauter%2C+S+L&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=298&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fajim.10045 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.10045 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Growth of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the Female Mouse Genital Tract Does Not Require the Gonococcal Transferrin or Hemoglobin Receptors and May Be Enhanced by Commensal Lactobacilli AN - 18383359; 5352051 AB - Neisseria gonorrhoeae is capable of utilizing a variety of iron sources in vitro, including human transferrin, human lactoferrin, hemoglobin, hemoglobin-haptoglobin complexes, heme, and heterologous siderophores. Transferrin has been implicated as a critical iron store for N. gonorrhoeae in the human male urethra. The demonstration that gonococci can infect the lower genital tracts of estradiol-treated BALB/c mice in the absence of human transferrin, however, suggests that other usable iron sources are present in the murine genital tract. Here we demonstrate that gonococcal transferrin and hemoglobin receptor mutants are not attenuated in mice, thereby ruling out transferrin and hemoglobin as essential for murine infection. An increased frequency of phase variants with the hemoglobin receptor "on" (Hg super(+)) occurred in ca. 50% of infected mice; this increase was temporally associated with an influx of neutrophils and detectable levels of hemoglobin in the vagina, suggesting that the presence of hemoglobin in inflammatory exudates selects for Hg super(+) phase variants during infection. We also demonstrate that commensal lactobacilli support the growth of N. gonorrhoeae in vitro unless an iron chelator is added to the medium. We hypothesize that commensal lactobacilli may enhance growth of gonococci in vivo by promoting the solubilization of iron on mucosal surfaces through the production of metabolic intermediates. Finally, transferrin-binding lipoprotein (TbpB) was detected on gonococci in vaginal smears, suggesting that although gonococci replicate within the genital tracts of mice, they may be sufficiently iron-stressed to express iron-repressible proteins. In summary, these studies support the potential role of nontransferrin, nonhemoglobin iron sources during gonococcal infection of the female genital tract. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Jerse, A E AU - Crow, E T AU - Bordner, AN AU - Rahman, I AU - Cornelissen, C N AU - Moench, T R AU - Mehrazar, K AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814-4799., ajerse@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 2549 EP - 2558 VL - 70 IS - 5 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - mice KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02862:Infection UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18383359?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Growth+of+Neisseria+gonorrhoeae+in+the+Female+Mouse+Genital+Tract+Does+Not+Require+the+Gonococcal+Transferrin+or+Hemoglobin+Receptors+and+May+Be+Enhanced+by+Commensal+Lactobacilli&rft.au=Jerse%2C+A+E%3BCrow%2C+E+T%3BBordner%2C+AN%3BRahman%2C+I%3BCornelissen%2C+C+N%3BMoench%2C+T+R%3BMehrazar%2C+K&rft.aulast=Jerse&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2549&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FIAI.70.5.2549-2558.2002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.70.5.2549-2558.2002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seasonal variation of trace element loss to sweat during exercise in males AN - 1034829910; 17059445 AB - Objective: To clarify the seasonal differences of the trace element excretion in sweat, the trace element concentration in sweat and their loss during exercise were compared between summer and winter. Methods: Sweat samples were collected from ten healthy adult males. Bicycle ergometer exercise was conducted by each subject at a heart rate of 140 beats/min for 1 hour, in summer and in winter. Sweat was collected by the arm bag method. Results: Concentrations of major (Na, K, Ca, and Mg) and trace elements (Zn, Cu, Fe, Ni, Mn, and Cr) in sweat tended to be lower in summer than in winter, and significantly lower concentrations of Mg (p<0.01), Na, Cu, and Mn (p<0.05) were found in summer. The sweat volume in summer (0.90 L) was 1.7-fold larger than that in winter (0.52 L) (p<0.01). The amount of loss of each element to sweat calculated from the concentrations in sweat and sweat volume showed no significant difference between summer and winter. Conclusions: It is suggested that there was no significant difference in the amount of loss of trace elements in sweat due to exercise between summer and winter. JF - Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine AU - Hoshi, Akio AU - Watanabe, Hiromi AU - Chiba, Momoko AU - Inaba, Yutaka AU - Kobayashi, Matatoshi AU - Kimura, Naoto AU - Ito, Takashi AD - Department of Health and Physical Education, Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, 102-8159, Tokyo, Japan, ahoshi@tokyo.ndu.ac.jp Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 60 EP - 63 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 7 IS - 2 SN - 1342-078X, 1342-078X KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Heart rate KW - Zinc KW - males KW - Summer KW - Excretion KW - Seasonal variations KW - Winter KW - Trace elements KW - H 2000:Transportation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1034829910?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+and+Preventive+Medicine&rft.atitle=Seasonal+variation+of+trace+element+loss+to+sweat+during+exercise+in+males&rft.au=Hoshi%2C+Akio%3BWatanabe%2C+Hiromi%3BChiba%2C+Momoko%3BInaba%2C+Yutaka%3BKobayashi%2C+Matatoshi%3BKimura%2C+Naoto%3BIto%2C+Takashi&rft.aulast=Hoshi&rft.aufirst=Akio&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=60&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+and+Preventive+Medicine&rft.issn=1342078X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2FBF02897331 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-26 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sulfur dioxide; Zinc; Heart rate; males; Excretion; Summer; Seasonal variations; Trace elements; Winter DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02897331 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recurrent intragenomic recombination leading to sequence homogenization during the evolution of the lipoyl-binding domain AN - 18392134; 5371025 AB - The lipoyl-binding domain is often present, in one or several copies, in the E2 subunit and, less often, in the E1 and E3 subunits of 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase complexes. Phylogenetic analysis shows evidence of multiple, independent intragenomic recombination events between different versions of the lipoyl-binding domain in various bacteria and eukaryotic mitochondria, leading to homogenization of the sequences of the lipoyl-binding domain within the same enzymatic complex in several bacterial lineages. This appears to be the first case of sequence homogenization at the level of an individual domain in prokaryotes. JF - FEMS Microbiology Letters AU - Omelchenko, M V AU - Makarova, K S AU - Koonin, E V AD - Department of Pathology, F.E. Hebert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 20814-4799 Bethesda, MD USA Y1 - 2002/04/09/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Apr 09 SP - 255 EP - 260 PB - Elsevier Science VL - 209 IS - 2 SN - 0378-1097, 0378-1097 KW - 2-Oxoacid dehydrogenase KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18392134?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FEMS+Microbiology+Letters&rft.atitle=Recurrent+intragenomic+recombination+leading+to+sequence+homogenization+during+the+evolution+of+the+lipoyl-binding+domain&rft.au=Omelchenko%2C+M+V%3BMakarova%2C+K+S%3BKoonin%2C+E+V&rft.aulast=Omelchenko&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-04-09&rft.volume=209&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=255&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=FEMS+Microbiology+Letters&rft.issn=03781097&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Derivation of risk based wipe surface screening levels for industrial scenarios AN - 18324972; 5378778 AB - The environmental characterization of building interiors and other surfaces has generally been performed with wipe-sampling because it is a non-destructive technique. There is no consensus, however, as to the interpretation of the results of wipe-sampling. Specifically, there is not a standardized method to determine if chemicals found at sampled levels pose a threat to human health. A methodology was developed, based on acceptable health risk levels, to derive screening levels for evaluating wipe-sampling results pertaining to industrial scenarios. The methodology was based on the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Region IX Preliminary Remediation Goal (PRG) approach; a multi-exposure methodology commonly used for evaluating soil concentrations. PRGs are the USEPA determined health based goals for soil preliminary remediation efforts. Probabilistic techniques were used to conduct a sensitivity analysis of the methodology to determine which variables drive the ultimate screening levels. Discrete values were then selected based on standard industrial scenarios common to the US Army. The wipe surface screening levels reported are for use as preliminary guidelines which help to determine whether further sampling or cleanup are necessary. The levels are not meant as cleanup or compliance criteria. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - May, L M AU - Gaborek, B AU - Pitrat, T AU - Peters, L AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Room A-1044, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA, lmay@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/04/08/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Apr 08 SP - 65 EP - 80 VL - 288 IS - 1-2 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Soil remediation KW - Pollution clean-up KW - Environmental health KW - Hazards KW - Industrial pollution KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18324972?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Derivation+of+risk+based+wipe+surface+screening+levels+for+industrial+scenarios&rft.au=May%2C+L+M%3BGaborek%2C+B%3BPitrat%2C+T%3BPeters%2C+L&rft.aulast=May&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-04-08&rft.volume=288&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: Issues and applications in toxicology and risk assessment. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil remediation; Pollution clean-up; Risk assessment; Industrial pollution; Environmental health; Hazards ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of four techniques to estimate radiation dose to skin during angiographic and interventional radiology procedures. AN - 71582137; 11932370 AB - Four techniques used to estimate radiation risk were compared to determine whether commonly used dosimetry measurements permit reliable estimates of skin dose. Peak skin dose (PSD) is known to be the most reliable estimate of risk to skin. The purpose of this study is to determine peak skin dose with use of real-time software measurements and to correlate other measures of dose with PSD. Two hundred twelve patients undergoing arch aortography and bilateral carotid arteriography (referred to as "carotid"), abdominal aortography and bilateral lower extremity runoff ("runoff"), or tunneled chest wall port placement ("port") were studied. Fluoroscopy time, dose-area product (DAP), and cumulative dose at the interventional reference point were recorded for all procedures; PSD was recorded for a subset of 105 procedures. The dose index, defined as the ratio between PSD and cumulative dose, was also determined. In general, correlation values for comparisons between fluoroscopy time and the other measures of dose (r =.29 to.78) were lower than values for comparisons among DAP, cumulative dose, and PSD (r =.52 to.94). For all procedures, pair-wise correlations between DAP, cumulative skin dose, and PSD were statistically significant (P <.01) The ratio between PSD and cumulative skin dose (dose index) was significantly different for ports versus other procedures (carotid, Z = 4.62, P <.001; runoff, Z = 4.52, P <.001), but carotid and runoff procedures did not differ significantly in this regard (Z = 0.746, P =.22). Within each individual procedure type, the range of values for the dose index varied 156.7-fold for carotid arteriography, 3.2-fold for chest ports, and 175-fold for aortography and runoff. Fluoroscopy time is a poor predictor of risk because it does not correlate well with PSD. Cumulative dose and DAP are not good analogues of PSD because of weak correlations for some procedures and because of wide variations in the dose index for all procedures. JF - Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR AU - Fletcher, Douglas W AU - Miller, Donald L AU - Balter, Stephen AU - Taylor, Michael A AD - Department of Radiology, National Naval Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. dfletcher@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 391 EP - 397 VL - 13 IS - 4 SN - 1051-0443, 1051-0443 KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiography, Interventional -- standards KW - Fluoroscopy KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Computer Systems KW - Skin -- radiation effects KW - Humans KW - Time Factors KW - Software KW - Radiation Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71582137?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+vascular+and+interventional+radiology+%3A+JVIR&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+four+techniques+to+estimate+radiation+dose+to+skin+during+angiographic+and+interventional+radiology+procedures.&rft.au=Fletcher%2C+Douglas+W%3BMiller%2C+Donald+L%3BBalter%2C+Stephen%3BTaylor%2C+Michael+A&rft.aulast=Fletcher&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+vascular+and+interventional+radiology+%3A+JVIR&rft.issn=10510443&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-05-10 N1 - Date created - 2002-04-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developing Mature National Security Systems in Post-Communist States: The Czech Republic and Slovakia AN - 60601192; 200220053 AB - This article links underdeveloped national security systems with poor defense capabilities in the Czech Republic & Slovakia. The problems highlighted in the Czech & Slovak cases are indicative of the struggle across the postcommunist political space to grow mature national security systems. National security professionals' ability to participate collaboratively in the national security process is limited by the lack of professionals with specific & overlapping areas of political military expertise. The article spells out specific deficiencies within the Czech & Slovak national security systems. Unfocused governmental leadership & guidance, the absence of involved & informed parliaments, the lack of professionally mature media capable of facilitating a national debate on defense issues, & defense ministries & general staffs resistant to reform all contribute to the underperformance of national security institutions. The current efforts to fundamentally transform the Czech & Slovak militaries are also addressed with an eye toward analyzing & predicting the obstacles to their implementation. Adapted from the source document. JF - Armed Forces & Society AU - Ulrich, Marybeth Peterson AD - Dept National Security & Strategy, US Army War Coll, Carlisle Barracks, PA marybeth.ulrich@carlisle.army.mil Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 403 EP - 425 VL - 28 IS - 3 SN - 0095-327X, 0095-327X KW - Defense Policy KW - Postcommunist Societies KW - Czech Republic KW - Slovak Republic KW - Security Policy KW - National Security KW - Political Development KW - article KW - 9085: government/political systems; national governments/political systems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60601192?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Armed+Forces+%26+Society&rft.atitle=Developing+Mature+National+Security+Systems+in+Post-Communist+States%3A+The+Czech+Republic+and+Slovakia&rft.au=Ulrich%2C+Marybeth+Peterson&rft.aulast=Ulrich&rft.aufirst=Marybeth&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=403&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Armed+Forces+%26+Society&rft.issn=0095327X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - AFSOD2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - National Security; Czech Republic; Slovak Republic; Postcommunist Societies; Defense Policy; Security Policy; Political Development ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transatlantic Relations and Peace in Europe AN - 60522466; 200211528 AB - In his recent novel, Alain Cremieux imagines what might happen in Europe without NATO & US military forces & security commitments. Numerous border & minority conflicts break out, coalitions comparable to those in Europe's past begin to form, & the European Union is divided & ineffectual -- until pro-peace & pro-EU forces rally. Most European countries then unite under a treaty providing for collective defense & security & a new central European government. The novel raises questions of international order: to what extent have the Europeans overcome their old "demons" (distrust, power rivalry, etc), notably through the EU? While many theories purport to explain the peaceful relations among the EU member states, critical tests of the Union's political cohesion would come in circumstances without the US-dominated external security framework, including US leadership in NATO. To what extent could the EU maintain cohesion & resist aggression or coercion by an external power against a member state, contain & resolve external conflicts affecting EU interests, & defend the Union's economic & security interests beyond Europe? To determine whether the US "pacifying" & protective role has in fact become irrelevant, thanks in large part to the EU, would require a risky experiment -- actually removing US military forces & commitments. The challenges & uncertainties that would face Europe without NATO argue that the Alliance remains an essential underpinning of political order in Europe. Moreover, the Alliance can serve as a key element in the campaigns against terrorism & the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. To revitalize the Alliance, it is imperative that the Europeans improve their military capabilities & acquire the means necessary for a more balanced transatlantic partnership in maintaining international security. Adapted from the source document. JF - International Affairs AU - Yost, David S AD - US Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 277 EP - 300 VL - 78 IS - 2 SN - 0020-5850, 0020-5850 KW - Security KW - European Union KW - United States of America KW - International Alliances KW - International Relations KW - Europe KW - Peace KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60522466?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Affairs&rft.atitle=Transatlantic+Relations+and+Peace+in+Europe&rft.au=Yost%2C+David+S&rft.aulast=Yost&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Affairs&rft.issn=00205850&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Europe; International Relations; European Union; United States of America; International Alliances; Peace; Security ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cultural Diversity and Sectarian Attitudes in Postwar Lebanon AN - 60453106; 200300230 AB - The objective of this study is to explore attitudes toward cultural diversity in postwar Lebanon. The examination focuses on three exploratory variables related to distinct group consciousness; intergroup interaction; & perceived impact of cultural diversity. The data, collected between Dec 1999 & Jan 2000, come from a nationwide quota sample that comprised 1,073 Lebanese respondents representing the six major religious communities in the country. The findings disclose that respondents manifest high levels of group consciousness & negative propensity for intergroup interaction, though these trends are not uniform from one confessional group to another. As long as no common identity is emphasized, cultural diversity appears to threaten national unity. 4 Tables, 55 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies AU - Haddad, Simon AD - Dept Political Science, Notre Dame U, Louaize, Lebanon shaddad@ndu.edu.lb Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 291 EP - 306 VL - 28 IS - 2 SN - 1369-183X, 1369-183X KW - Social Cohesion KW - Cultural Pluralism KW - Social Attitudes KW - Religious Cultural Groups KW - Sectarianism KW - Intergroup Relations KW - Lebanon KW - article KW - 0410: group interactions; social group identity & intergroup relations (groups based on race & ethnicity, age, & sexual orientation) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60453106?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Ethnic+and+Migration+Studies&rft.atitle=Cultural+Diversity+and+Sectarian+Attitudes+in+Postwar+Lebanon&rft.au=Haddad%2C+Simon&rft.aulast=Haddad&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Ethnic+and+Migration+Studies&rft.issn=1369183X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F13691830220124341 LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lebanon; Social Attitudes; Cultural Pluralism; Religious Cultural Groups; Intergroup Relations; Social Cohesion; Sectarianism DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13691830220124341 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dust vertical distribution in the Caribbean during the Puerto Rico dust experiment AN - 51970720; 2003-050379 JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Reid, Jeffrey S AU - Westphal, Douglas L AU - Livingston, John M AU - Savoie, Dennis L AU - Maring, Hal B AU - Jonsson, Haflidi H AU - Eleuterio, Daniel P AU - Kinney, James E AU - Reid, Elizabeth A Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 4 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 29 IS - 7 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - Puerto Rico Dust Experiment KW - PRIDE KW - photometery KW - clastic sediments KW - environmental analysis KW - distribution KW - spatial distribution KW - dust KW - sediments KW - Africa KW - Sahara KW - wind transport KW - airborne methods KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51970720?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Dust+vertical+distribution+in+the+Caribbean+during+the+Puerto+Rico+dust+experiment&rft.au=Reid%2C+Jeffrey+S%3BWestphal%2C+Douglas+L%3BLivingston%2C+John+M%3BSavoie%2C+Dennis+L%3BMaring%2C+Hal+B%3BJonsson%2C+Haflidi+H%3BEleuterio%2C+Daniel+P%3BKinney%2C+James+E%3BReid%2C+Elizabeth+A&rft.aulast=Reid&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001GL014092 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; airborne methods; clastic sediments; distribution; dust; environmental analysis; photometery; PRIDE; Puerto Rico Dust Experiment; Sahara; sediments; spatial distribution; wind transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001GL014092 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Full-scale demonstration of in situ cometabolic biodegradation of trichloroethylene in groundwater; 1, Dynamics of a recirculating well system AN - 50104902; 2002-060603 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Gandhi, Rahul K AU - Hopkins, Gary D AU - Goltz, Mark N AU - Gorelick, Steven M AU - McCarty, Perry L Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 16 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 38 IS - 4 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - contaminant plumes KW - pumping KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - environmental effects KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - California KW - water treatment KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - pump-and-treat KW - heterogeneity KW - Los Angeles County California KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - numerical models KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - human activity KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - hydraulic head KW - Edwards Air Force Base KW - trichloroethylene KW - water wells KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50104902?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Full-scale+demonstration+of+in+situ+cometabolic+biodegradation+of+trichloroethylene+in+groundwater%3B+1%2C+Dynamics+of+a+recirculating+well+system&rft.au=Gandhi%2C+Rahul+K%3BHopkins%2C+Gary+D%3BGoltz%2C+Mark+N%3BGorelick%2C+Steven+M%3BMcCarty%2C+Perry+L&rft.aulast=Gandhi&rft.aufirst=Rahul&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001WR000379 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; biodegradation; bioremediation; California; chlorinated hydrocarbons; contaminant plumes; Edwards Air Force Base; environmental effects; fluid dynamics; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; heterogeneity; human activity; hydraulic head; in situ; Los Angeles County California; monitoring; numerical models; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; prediction; pump-and-treat; pumping; remediation; simulation; trichloroethylene; United States; water treatment; water wells DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001WR000379 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Full-scale demonstration of in situ cometabolic biodegradation of trichloroethylene in groundwater; 2, Comprehensive analysis of field data using reactive transport modeling AN - 50099576; 2002-060604 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Gandhi, Rahul K AU - Hopkins, Gary D AU - Goltz, Mark N AU - Gorelick, Steven M AU - McCarty, Perry L Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 19 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 38 IS - 4 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - toluene KW - simulation KW - environmental effects KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - California KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Los Angeles County California KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - injection KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - cometabolic biodegradation KW - aquifers KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - Edwards Air Force Base KW - hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50099576?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Full-scale+demonstration+of+in+situ+cometabolic+biodegradation+of+trichloroethylene+in+groundwater%3B+2%2C+Comprehensive+analysis+of+field+data+using+reactive+transport+modeling&rft.au=Gandhi%2C+Rahul+K%3BHopkins%2C+Gary+D%3BGoltz%2C+Mark+N%3BGorelick%2C+Steven+M%3BMcCarty%2C+Perry+L&rft.aulast=Gandhi&rft.aufirst=Rahul&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001WR000380 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; biodegradation; bioremediation; California; chlorinated hydrocarbons; cometabolic biodegradation; Edwards Air Force Base; environmental effects; field studies; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; in situ; injection; Los Angeles County California; models; monitoring; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; simulation; solute transport; toluene; trichloroethylene; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001WR000380 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of dredge material placement on benthic macroinvertebrates of the Illinois River AN - 19389783; 5423033 AB - Since the 1930s, dredge material has been removed from the Illinois River and placed along the main channel border in shallow depths to maintain a 2.7 m deep main channel for commercial navigation. Placement of this material changes the sediment composition from primarily silt/clay to primarily sand, and it buries pre-existing benthic invertebrates. During 1997 and 1998, the benthos of an 125 km reach of the middle Illinois River (La Grange Reach) was studied by extracting 1065 Ponar samples from randomly-selected sites which had never received dredge material, received dredge material one year previous, or received dredge material during the current year. Although total numbers of macroinvertebrates collected was lower in 1998 than in 1997, relative abundances of eight targeted taxa were highly similar between years. Chironimidae were most abundant and comprised >66% of all macroinvertebrates collected both years. Differences in densities of Chironomidae, Ephemeroptera, Sphaeriidae, Corbicula fluminea (Muller, 1774), Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas, 1771), Odonata, and Gastropoda among the three classes of dredge material placement were all significant (P0.05). Future operations to maintain a channel for navigation should consider preexisting densities of macroinvertebrate taxa. Because benthic macroinvertebrates are an important component of the food web and shifting sand does not support diverse macroinvertebrate communities, strategic placement of dredge material by avoiding islands or other areas of high macroinvertebrate diversity could improve overall system productivity and biotic integrity of large river-floodplains. JF - Hydrobiologia AU - Koel, T M AU - Stevenson, KE AD - Illinois Natural History Survey, LTRMP Havana Field Station, 704 N. Schrader Ave, Havana, IL 62644, U.S.A. Present address: Center for Resources, P.O. Box 168, Yellowstone National Park, WY 82190, U.S.A., todd_koel@nps.gov Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 229 EP - 238 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 474 IS - 1-3 SN - 0018-8158, 0018-8158 KW - Dragonflies KW - Fingernail clams KW - Insecta KW - Insects KW - Mayflies KW - Midges KW - Pea clams KW - Zebra mussel KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Dredge spoil KW - Chironomidae KW - Population density KW - Man-induced effects KW - Freshwater KW - Sphaeriidae KW - Ephemeroptera KW - Waste disposal sites KW - Ecosystem management KW - Invertebrata KW - Dreissena polymorpha KW - Rivers KW - Odonata KW - USA, Illinois R. KW - Navigational channels KW - Macrofauna KW - Sediments KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Site selection KW - USA KW - Corbicula fluminea KW - Dredging KW - Disturbance KW - Zoobenthos KW - Q1 08462:Benthos KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - D 04659:Insects KW - Z 05210:Aquatic entomology KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes KW - Q2 09384:Dredging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19389783?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrobiologia&rft.atitle=Effects+of+dredge+material+placement+on+benthic+macroinvertebrates+of+the+Illinois+River&rft.au=Koel%2C+T+M%3BStevenson%2C+KE&rft.aulast=Koel&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=474&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=229&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrobiologia&rft.issn=00188158&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Site selection; Dredge spoil; Waste disposal sites; Population density; Ecosystem management; Navigational channels; Dredging; Man-induced effects; Zoobenthos; Ecosystem disturbance; Rivers; Macrofauna; Disturbance; Sediments; Chironomidae; Ephemeroptera; Odonata; Invertebrata; Corbicula fluminea; Sphaeriidae; Dreissena polymorpha; Insecta; USA; USA, Illinois R.; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - TLR4, but not TLR2, mediates IFN- beta -induced STAT1 alpha / beta -dependent gene expression in macrophages AN - 18404086; 5388142 AB - Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) agonists induce a subset of TLR4-inducible proinflammatory genes, which suggests the use of differential signaling pathways. Murine macrophages stimulated with the TLR4 agonist Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS), but not with TLR2 agonists, induced phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 alpha (STAT1 alpha ) and STAT1 beta , which was blocked by antibodies to interferon beta (IFN- beta ) but not IFN- alpha . All TLR2 agonists poorly induced IFN- beta , which is encoded by an immediate early LPS-inducible gene. Thus, the failure of TLR2 agonists to induce STAT1-dependent genes resulted, in part, from their inability to express IFN- beta . TLR4-induced IFN- beta mRNA was MyD88- and PKR (double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase)-independent, but TIRAP (Toll-interleukin 1 receptor domain-containing adapter protein)-dependent. Together, these findings provide the first mechanistic basis for differential patterns of gene expression activated by TLR4 and TLR2 agonists. JF - Nature Immunology AU - Toshchakov, V AU - Jones, B W AU - Perera, P-Y AU - Thomas, K AU - Cody, MJ AU - Zhang, S AU - Williams, BRG AU - Major, J AU - Hamilton, T A AU - Fenton, MJ AU - Vogel, S N AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - Apr 2002 SP - 392 EP - 398 VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 1529-2908, 1529-2908 KW - Stat1 alpha protein KW - Stat1 beta protein KW - TLR2 protein KW - TLR4 protein KW - Toll-like receptors KW - beta -Interferon KW - gene expression KW - lipopolysaccharides KW - mice KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms KW - F 06764:Function UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18404086?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Immunology&rft.atitle=TLR4%2C+but+not+TLR2%2C+mediates+IFN-+beta+-induced+STAT1+alpha+%2F+beta+-dependent+gene+expression+in+macrophages&rft.au=Toshchakov%2C+V%3BJones%2C+B+W%3BPerera%2C+P-Y%3BThomas%2C+K%3BCody%2C+MJ%3BZhang%2C+S%3BWilliams%2C+BRG%3BMajor%2C+J%3BHamilton%2C+T+A%3BFenton%2C+MJ%3BVogel%2C+S+N&rft.aulast=Toshchakov&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=392&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Immunology&rft.issn=15292908&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fni774 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ni774 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nonlinear Dispersion of Surface Gravity Waves in Shallow Water AN - 1665490554; 5373110 AB - The nonlinear dispersion of random, directionally spread surface gravity waves in shallow water is examined with Boussinesq theory and field observations. A theoretical dispersion relationship giving a directionally averaged wavenumber magnitude as a function of frequency, the local water depth, and the local wave spectrum and bispectrum is derived for waves propagating over a gently sloping beach with straight and parallel depth contours. The linear, nondispersive shallow water relation is recovered as the first-order solution, with weak frequency and amplitude dispersion appearing as second-order corrections. Wavenumbers were estimated using four arrays of pressure sensors deployed in 2-6-m depth on a gently sloping sandy beach. When wave energy is low, the observed wavenumbers agree with the linear, finite-depth dispersion relation over a wide frequency range. In high energy conditions, the observed wavenumbers deviate from the linear dispersion relation by as much as 20%-30% in the frequency range from two to three times the frequency of the primary spectral peak, but agree well with the nonlinear Boussinesq dispersion relation, confirming that the deviations from linear theory are finite amplitude effects. In high energy conditions, the predicted frequency and amplitude dispersion tend to cancel, yielding a nearly nondispersive wave field in which waves of all frequencies travel with approximately the linear shallow water wave speed, consistent with the observations. The nonlinear Boussinesq theory wavenumber predictions (based on the assumption of irrotational wave motion) are accurate even within the surf zone, suggesting that wave breaking on gently sloping beaches has little effect on the dispersion relation. JF - Journal of Physical Oceanography AU - Herbers, THC AU - Elgar, S AU - Sarap, NA AU - Guza, R T AD - Department of Oceanography, Code OC/He, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA 93943-5122, USA, thherber@nps.navy.mil Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - Apr 2002 SP - 1181 EP - 1193 VL - 32 IS - 4 SN - 0022-3670, 0022-3670 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Marine KW - Nonlinear waves KW - Gravity wave dissipation KW - Shallow water KW - Surface water waves KW - Wave dispersion KW - Breaking waves KW - Gravity wave spectra KW - Wave shoaling KW - Q2 09168:Wind waves KW - O 2010:Physical Oceanography KW - M2 551.466.4:Effects of the bottom, of obstacles, of currents and of turbulence on sea and swell (551.466.4) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1665490554?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Physical+Oceanography&rft.atitle=Nonlinear+Dispersion+of+Surface+Gravity+Waves+in+Shallow+Water&rft.au=Herbers%2C+THC%3BElgar%2C+S%3BSarap%2C+NA%3BGuza%2C+R+T&rft.aulast=Herbers&rft.aufirst=THC&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1181&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Physical+Oceanography&rft.issn=00223670&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nonlinear waves; Shallow water; Surface water waves; Breaking waves; Wave dispersion; Gravity wave dissipation; Gravity wave spectra; Wave shoaling; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The association between frequencies of mitomycin C-induced sister chromatid exchange and cancer risk in arseniasis. AN - 71505346; 11888707 AB - In order to examine whether biomarkers of cytogenetic damage and susceptibility, such as spontaneous and mitomycin C-induced sister chromatid exchange (SCE) can predict cancer development, a nested case-control study was performed in a blackfoot endemic area with known high cancer risk. A cohort of 686 residents was recruited from three villages in the arseniasis area. Personal characteristics were collected and venous blood was drawn for lymphocyte culture and stored in a refrigerator. The vital status and cancer development was followed using the National Death Registry, Cancer Registry, and Blackfoot Disease Registry. The follow up period was from August 1991 to July 1997. During this 6-year-period, 55 residents developed various types of cancer. Blood culture samples from 23 of these subjects were unsuitable for spontaneous SCE experiments and 45 of these subjects were unsuitable for mitomycin C-induced SCE experiments due to improper storage. Finally, a total of 32 cancer cases had cytogenetic samples that could be analyzed. About 32 control subjects were selected from those who did not develop cancer in the study period and these subjects were matched to cases by sex, age, smoking habits, and residential area. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the frequencies of spontaneous and mitomycin C-induced SCE between the case and control groups. There was also no significant difference in the net difference of spontaneous and mitomycin C-induced SCE between the case and control groups. These results suggest that SCEs, either spontaneous or mitomycin C-induced, might not be good markers to predict cancer risk. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Liou, Saou-Hsing AU - Chen, Yeong-Hwang AU - Loh, Ching-Hui AU - Yang, Tsan AU - Wu, Trong-Neng AU - Chen, Chien-Jen AU - Hsieh, Ling-Ling AD - Department of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, National Defense University, Nei-Hu, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC. Y1 - 2002/03/28/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 28 SP - 237 EP - 243 VL - 129 IS - 3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Mitomycin KW - 50SG953SK6 KW - Arsenic KW - N712M78A8G KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Risk Assessment KW - Registries KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Logistic Models KW - Taiwan -- epidemiology KW - Follow-Up Studies KW - Drug Synergism KW - Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Male KW - Arsenic -- adverse effects KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- adverse effects KW - Mitomycin -- pharmacology KW - Sister Chromatid Exchange -- drug effects KW - Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Sister Chromatid Exchange -- genetics KW - Arsenic Poisoning -- epidemiology KW - Arsenic Poisoning -- complications KW - Neoplasms -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71505346?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=The+association+between+frequencies+of+mitomycin+C-induced+sister+chromatid+exchange+and+cancer+risk+in+arseniasis.&rft.au=Liou%2C+Saou-Hsing%3BChen%2C+Yeong-Hwang%3BLoh%2C+Ching-Hui%3BYang%2C+Tsan%3BWu%2C+Trong-Neng%3BChen%2C+Chien-Jen%3BHsieh%2C+Ling-Ling&rft.aulast=Liou&rft.aufirst=Saou-Hsing&rft.date=2002-03-28&rft.volume=129&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-05-02 N1 - Date created - 2002-03-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutations in the yeast LCB1 and LCB2 genes, including those corresponding to the hereditary sensory neuropathy type I mutations, dominantly inactivate serine palmitoyltransferase. AN - 71538422; 11781309 AB - It was recently demonstrated that mutations in the human SPTLC1 gene, encoding the Lcb1p subunit of serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT), cause hereditary sensory neuropathy type I . As a member of the subfamily of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate enzymes known as the alpha-oxoamine synthases, serine palmitoyltransferase catalyzes the committed step of sphingolipid synthesis. The residues that are mutated to cause hereditary sensory neuropathy type I reside in a highly conserved region of Lcb1p that is predicted to be a catalytic domain of Lcb1p on the basis of alignments with other members of the alpha-oxoamine synthase family. We found that the corresponding mutations in the LCB1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae reduce serine palmitoyltransferase activity. These mutations are dominant and decrease serine palmitoyltransferase activity by 50% when the wild-type and mutant LCB1 alleles are coexpressed. We also show that serine palmitoyltransferase is an Lcb1p small middle dotLcb2p heterodimer and that the mutated Lcb1p proteins retain their ability to interact with Lcb2p. Modeling studies suggest that serine palmitoyltransferase is likely to have a single active site that lies at the Lcb1p small middle dotLcb2p interface and that the mutations in Lcb1p reside near the lysine in Lcb2p that is expected to form the Schiff's base with the pyridoxal 5'-phosphate cofactor. Furthermore, mutations in this lysine and in a histidine residue that is also predicted to be important for pyridoxal 5'-phosphate binding to Lcb2p also dominantly inactivate SPT similar to the hereditary sensory neuropathy type 1-like mutations in Lcb1p. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Gable, Ken AU - Han, Gongshe AU - Monaghan, Erin AU - Bacikova, Dagmar AU - Natarajan, Mukil AU - Williams, Robert AU - Dunn, Teresa M AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20184, USA. Y1 - 2002/03/22/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 22 SP - 10194 EP - 10200 VL - 277 IS - 12 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins KW - 0 KW - Sphingolipids KW - Histidine KW - 4QD397987E KW - Acyltransferases KW - EC 2.3.- KW - LCB1 protein, S cerevisiae KW - EC 2.3.1.50 KW - LCB2 protein, S cerevisiae KW - Serine C-Palmitoyltransferase KW - Lysine KW - K3Z4F929H6 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Microsomes, Liver -- metabolism KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Alleles KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Sequence Homology, Amino Acid KW - Sphingolipids -- metabolism KW - Diploidy KW - Plasmids -- metabolism KW - Lysine -- chemistry KW - Models, Molecular KW - Dimerization KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Sphingolipids -- biosynthesis KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae -- enzymology KW - Precipitin Tests KW - Protein Binding KW - Binding Sites KW - Histidine -- chemistry KW - Blotting, Western KW - Chromatography, Liquid KW - Models, Chemical KW - Protein Structure, Tertiary KW - Catalysis KW - Acyltransferases -- genetics KW - Acyltransferases -- metabolism KW - Mutation KW - Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathies -- enzymology KW - Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathies -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71538422?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Mutations+in+the+yeast+LCB1+and+LCB2+genes%2C+including+those+corresponding+to+the+hereditary+sensory+neuropathy+type+I+mutations%2C+dominantly+inactivate+serine+palmitoyltransferase.&rft.au=Gable%2C+Ken%3BHan%2C+Gongshe%3BMonaghan%2C+Erin%3BBacikova%2C+Dagmar%3BNatarajan%2C+Mukil%3BWilliams%2C+Robert%3BDunn%2C+Teresa+M&rft.aulast=Gable&rft.aufirst=Ken&rft.date=2002-03-22&rft.volume=277&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=10194&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-04-29 N1 - Date created - 2002-03-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Dynamical mechanisms for the Bohai Sea circulation and thermo-haline variability AN - 39481686; 3660406 AU - Chu, P Y1 - 2002/03/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 15 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39481686?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Dynamical+mechanisms+for+the+Bohai+Sea+circulation+and+thermo-haline+variability&rft.au=Chu%2C+P&rft.aulast=Chu&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-03-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: University of Rhode Island, Graduate School of Oceanography, Narragansett Bay Campus, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA; phone: 727-367-2771; fax: 727-367-8082; URL: www.oce.uri.edu/ecm7 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxygen and resuscitation: beyond the myth. AN - 71501652; 11875151 JF - Pediatrics AU - Lefkowitz, William AD - Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. wlefkowitz@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 517 EP - 519 VL - 109 IS - 3 KW - Oxygen KW - S88TT14065 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Oxygen -- adverse effects KW - Oxygen -- administration & dosage KW - Oxygen Inhalation Therapy KW - Resuscitation -- methods KW - Respiratory Insufficiency -- therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71501652?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pediatrics&rft.atitle=Oxygen+and+resuscitation%3A+beyond+the+myth.&rft.au=Lefkowitz%2C+William&rft.aulast=Lefkowitz&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=517&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pediatrics&rft.issn=1098-4275&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-04-16 N1 - Date created - 2002-03-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification and characterization of hsa, the gene encoding the sialic acid-binding adhesin of Streptococcus gordonii DL1. AN - 71464956; 11854202 AB - Oral colonization by Streptococcus gordonii, an important cause of subacute bacterial endocarditis, involves bacterial recognition of sialic acid-containing host receptors. The sialic acid-binding activity of this microorganism was previously detected by bacterium-mediated hemagglutination and associated with a streptococcal surface component identified as the Hs antigen. The gene for this antigen (hsa) has now been cloned in Escherichia coli, and its expression has been detected by colony immunoblotting with anti-Hs serum. Mutants of S. gordonii containing hsa inactivated by the insertion of an erythromycin resistance gene or deletion from the chromosome were negative for Hs-immunoreactivity, bacterium-mediated hemagglutinating activity, and adhesion to alpha 2-3-linked sialoglycoconjugates. The deletion in the latter mutants was complemented by plasmid-borne hsa, resulting in Hs antigen production and the restoration of cell surface sialic acid-binding activity. The hsa gene encodes a 203-kDa protein with two serine-rich repetitive regions in its 2,178-amino-acid sequence. The first serine-rich region occurs within the amino-terminal region of the molecule, between different nonrepetitive sequences that may be associated with sialic acid binding. The second serine-rich region, which is much longer than the first, is highly repetitive, containing 113 dodecapeptide repeats with a consensus sequence of SASTSASVSASE. This long repetitive region is followed by a typical gram-positive cell wall anchoring region at the carboxyl-terminal end. Thus, the predicted properties of Hsa, which suggest an amino-terminal receptor-binding domain attached to the cell surface by a molecular stalk, are consistent with the identification of this protein as the sialic acid-binding adhesin of S. gordonii DL1. JF - Infection and immunity AU - Takahashi, Yukihiro AU - Konishi, Kiyoshi AU - Cisar, John O AU - Yoshikawa, Masanosuke AD - Department of Microbiology, The Nippon Dental University School of Dentistry at Tokyo, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan. biseibut@tokyuo.ndu.ac.jp Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 1209 EP - 1218 VL - 70 IS - 3 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Adhesins, Bacterial KW - 0 KW - Antigens, Bacterial KW - Carrier Proteins KW - Glycoconjugates KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - hsa protein, Streptococcus gordonii KW - Index Medicus KW - Repetitive Sequences, Amino Acid KW - Physical Chromosome Mapping KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Genetic Complementation Test KW - Escherichia coli -- genetics KW - Bacterial Adhesion KW - Sequence Analysis, DNA KW - Mutagenesis, Insertional KW - Sequence Deletion KW - Streptococcus -- genetics KW - Genes, Bacterial KW - Carrier Proteins -- metabolism KW - Carrier Proteins -- genetics KW - Adhesins, Bacterial -- metabolism KW - Antigens, Bacterial -- genetics KW - Adhesins, Bacterial -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71464956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+immunity&rft.atitle=Identification+and+characterization+of+hsa%2C+the+gene+encoding+the+sialic+acid-binding+adhesin+of+Streptococcus+gordonii+DL1.&rft.au=Takahashi%2C+Yukihiro%3BKonishi%2C+Kiyoshi%3BCisar%2C+John+O%3BYoshikawa%2C+Masanosuke&rft.aulast=Takahashi&rft.aufirst=Yukihiro&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-04-01 N1 - Date created - 2002-02-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Genetic sequence - AB029393; GENBANK N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Curr Microbiol. 2000 Jan;40(1):61-6 [10568806] Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 1999 Mar;63(1):174-229 [10066836] Crit Rev Oral Biol Med. 1999;10(2):120-38 [10759417] Infect Immun. 2000 Nov;68(11):6346-54 [11035744] Lancet. 2001 Apr 21;357(9264):1225-40 [11418146] Science. 2001 Jul 20;293(5529):498-506 [11463916] Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680-5 [5432063] J Bacteriol. 1975 Dec;124(3):1475-81 [1194241] Infect Immun. 1977 Oct;18(1):35-40 [908621] Infect Immun. 1978 Jan;19(1):107-15 [415001] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Sep;76(9):4350-4 [388439] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Aug;78(8):4689-93 [7029524] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1982 May 31;106(2):390-6 [7104000] Infect Immun. 1983 Aug;41(2):722-7 [6223884] Infect Immun. 1983 Dec;42(3):1006-12 [6642656] J Dent Res. 1984 Mar;63(3):378-85 [6583240] J Dent Res. 1985 Feb;64(2):96-101 [2982936] Gene. 1985;33(1):103-19 [2985470] Methods Enzymol. 1987;153:3-11 [3323803] Genetics. 1988 Nov;120(3):621-3 [2852134] Rev Infect Dis. 1989 May-Jun;11(3):452-63 [2665003] Infect Immun. 1993 Mar;61(3):981-7 [8432618] Infect Immun. 1994 Jun;62(6):2143-8 [8188334] N Engl J Med. 1995 Jan 5;332(1):38-44 [7990863] Gene. 1995 Oct 16;164(1):123-8 [7590300] Plasmid. 1995 Sep;34(2):85-95 [8559806] Infect Immun. 1996 Dec;64(12):5421-4 [8945600] Infect Immun. 1997 Dec;65(12):5042-51 [9393794] Gene. 1998 Jan 30;207(2):119-26 [9511752] Trends Microbiol. 1998 Dec;6(12):484-8 [10036727] Mol Microbiol. 1999 Dec;34(5):1070-81 [10594831] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cadmium-induced neoplastic transformation of human prostate epithelial cells. AN - 71424958; 11836566 AB - Cadmium is a ubiquitous environmental human carcinogen. Epidemiological and animal studies have suggested its carcinogenic potential on the prostate. In the present study, non-tumorigenic human prostate epithelial cells (pRNS-1-1) immortalized by simian papovavirus (SV40) were transformed after repeated exposures to cadmium. Such transformants showed morphological alterations, anchorage-independent growth in soft agar, and formed tumors when transplanted into SCID mice. The tumors were characterized histologically as poorly-differentiated adenocarcinomas, expressing prostate-specific antigen (PSA), androgen receptor (AR), prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA), NKX3.1 and cytokeratin 8 (CK8). These findings provide evidence of malignant transformation of human prostate epithelial cells exposed to this environmentally important chemical. JF - International journal of oncology AU - Nakamura, Keiichiro AU - Yasunaga, Yutaka AU - Ko, Daejin AU - Xu, Linda L AU - Moul, Judd W AU - Peehl, Donna M AU - Srivastava, Shiv AU - Rhim, Johng S AD - Center for Prostate Disease Research, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 543 EP - 547 VL - 20 IS - 3 SN - 1019-6439, 1019-6439 KW - Receptors, Androgen KW - 0 KW - Cadmium KW - 00BH33GNGH KW - Keratins KW - 68238-35-7 KW - Prostate-Specific Antigen KW - EC 3.4.21.77 KW - Index Medicus KW - Karyotyping KW - Animals KW - Simian virus 40 -- genetics KW - Humans KW - Mice KW - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Keratins -- biosynthesis KW - Adenocarcinoma -- pathology KW - Prostate-Specific Antigen -- biosynthesis KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Mice, SCID KW - Time Factors KW - Receptors, Androgen -- biosynthesis KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic KW - Male KW - Prostatic Neoplasms -- metabolism KW - Prostatic Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Cadmium -- pharmacology KW - Epithelial Cells -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71424958?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+oncology&rft.atitle=Cadmium-induced+neoplastic+transformation+of+human+prostate+epithelial+cells.&rft.au=Nakamura%2C+Keiichiro%3BYasunaga%2C+Yutaka%3BKo%2C+Daejin%3BXu%2C+Linda+L%3BMoul%2C+Judd+W%3BPeehl%2C+Donna+M%3BSrivastava%2C+Shiv%3BRhim%2C+Johng+S&rft.aulast=Nakamura&rft.aufirst=Keiichiro&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=543&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+oncology&rft.issn=10196439&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-05-31 N1 - Date created - 2002-02-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distribution and transport of suspended particulate matter in Monterey Canyon, California AN - 52124337; 2002-031005 AB - From August 1993 to August 1994, six moorings that measure current, temperature, salinity, and water clarity were deployed along the axis of Monterey Canyon to study the circulation and transport of water and suspended particulate matter through the canyon system. The moorings occupied three sites that are morphologically different: a narrow transverse section (axis width 900 m) at 1450 m water depth, a wide transverse section at 2837 m, and a third site in the fan valley axis farther offshore at 3223 m that recorded for 3 yr. In addition, CTD/transmissometer casts were conducted within and near the Monterey Canyon during four cruises. Our data show a mainly biogenic, surface turbid layer, a limited intermediate nepheloid layer, and a bottom nepheloid layer. There is a consistent presence of a turbid layer within the canyon at a water depth of about 1500 m. Tidal flow dominates at all sites, but currents above the canyon rim and within the canyon appear to belong to two distinct dynamic systems. Bottom intensification of currents plays an important role in raising the near-bottom shear stress high enough that bottom sediments are often, if not always, resuspended. Mean flow pattern suggests a convergence zone between the narrow and wide site: the near-bed (100 m above bottom where the lowest current meter was located) mean transport is down-canyon at the 1450-m site, while the near-bottom transport at the 2837-m site is up-canyon, at a smaller magnitude. Transport at the 3223-m site is dominantly NNW, cross-canyon, with periods of up-canyon flow over 3 yr. A very high-turbidity event was recorded 100 m above the canyon bottom at the narrow site. The event started very abruptly and lasted more than a week. This event was not detected at either of the deeper sites. A canyon head flushing event is likely the cause. JF - Marine Geology AU - Xu, J P AU - Noble, Marlene A AU - Eittreim, Stephen L AU - Rosenfeld, Leslie K AU - Schwing, Franklin B AU - Pilskaln, Cynthia H A2 - Eittreim, Stephen L. A2 - Noble, Marlene Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 215 EP - 234 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 181 IS - 1-3 SN - 0025-3227, 0025-3227 KW - United States KW - East Pacific KW - Northeast Pacific KW - sediment transport KW - sedimentation KW - suspended materials KW - marine sedimentation KW - California KW - marine sediments KW - North Pacific KW - continental margin sedimentation KW - Pacific Ocean KW - sediments KW - continental shelf KW - ocean floors KW - Monterey Canyon KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52124337?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Geology&rft.atitle=Distribution+and+transport+of+suspended+particulate+matter+in+Monterey+Canyon%2C+California&rft.au=Xu%2C+J+P%3BNoble%2C+Marlene+A%3BEittreim%2C+Stephen+L%3BRosenfeld%2C+Leslie+K%3BSchwing%2C+Franklin+B%3BPilskaln%2C+Cynthia+H&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=181&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Geology&rft.issn=00253227&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00253227 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MAGEA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; continental margin sedimentation; continental shelf; East Pacific; marine sedimentation; marine sediments; Monterey Canyon; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; ocean floors; Pacific Ocean; sediment transport; sedimentation; sediments; suspended materials; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biodegradation of chlorinated ethenes by naturally occurring microbes in wetland soils AN - 51852690; 2004-035804 AB - The biotransformation of several chlorinated ethenes or CEs (1,1-dichloroethene, trans 1,2-dichloroethene, cis- 1,2 dichloroethene or DCE and vinyl chloride or VC) under various electron accepting conditions is investigated at bench-scale by using enrichment cultures obtained from a shallow soil core collected from a local wetland. The anaerobic microbial enrichment cultures were capable of degrading CEs using nitrate or sulfate as electron acceptors. The results indicated that the DCEs and VC were degraded under nitrate-reducing conditions. The microcosms were frequently amended with nutrient solution and 200 mg L-1 yeast extract (carbon source). Further, the degradation of 1,1-DCE; trans-DCE; cis-DCE and VC were also observed in aerobic condition in slurry microcosms prepared with wetland-soil, and without addition of a carbon substrate, where DCEs or VC may have served as sole carbon source and oxygen as a terminal electron acceptor. The biodegradation of various CEs under sulfate reducing condition is still under investigation. The rate constants of degradation for the above CEs appear to vary among the conditions studied, as the removal rate of a particular CE was slower under nitrate-reducing conditions compared to aerobic conditions in analogous systems. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Guin, Arijit AU - Shelley, Mike AU - Agrawal, Abinash AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 111 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 2 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - biodegradation KW - dichloroethylenes KW - pollutants KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - pollution KW - organic compounds KW - ethylene KW - wetlands KW - alkenes KW - hydrocarbons KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - chemical composition KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51852690?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Biodegradation+of+chlorinated+ethenes+by+naturally+occurring+microbes+in+wetland+soils&rft.au=Guin%2C+Arijit%3BShelley%2C+Mike%3BAgrawal%2C+Abinash%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Guin&rft.aufirst=Arijit&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Southeastern Section, 51st annual meeting; Geological Society of America, North-Central Section, 36th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkenes; biodegradation; chemical composition; chlorinated hydrocarbons; dichloroethylenes; ethylene; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; microorganisms; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; soils; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Constructed vertical-flow wetlands for treatment of chlorinated ethenes AN - 51851523; 2004-035862 AB - Chlorinated ethene contamination of groundwater is the most prevalent long term remediation challenge on most industrial sites across the United States. The typical pump and treat technologies have no definitive end point, with estimations of 50 years or more operation at millions of dollars per year O&M costs. Recent exploration of in situ treatment techniques has met with limited success and is generally very sensitive to site-specific conditions. The technology presented here offers the reliability of traditional plume capture pumping techniques and surface treatment with minimal capital cost (<$1M) and virtually no O&M costs beyond pumping and monitoring treatment efficiency. It offers universally applied specifications for most all sites in temperate climate zones and no unnatural chemical additions to the soil matrix with unexpected consequences. Replacing current pump and treat with this constructed wetland technology at any site is expected to achieve payback within one to two years. The reported effort is studying a recently constructed field-scale upward flow wetland treating chlorinated ethenes in groundwater. It is confirming sequential biochemical reaction zones in wetland sediment layers and phytoremediation phenomena in the upper root zone as suggested in current literature (methanogenesis to aerobic metabolism) as well as characterizing the hydraulic flow regime. A 3-D piezometer grid has been installed throughout the constructed cell sediment layers for observation of piezometric head and collection of water samples. Results are providing the foundation for developing optimum design criteria for general application of the technology. Preliminary results reveal delivery of 50 ppb tetrachloroethylene (PCE) to the bottom layer of the wetland. Concentrations of chlorinated species emerging at the wetland surface are an order of magnitude lower and are non-detect in most cases. Preliminary results also indicate organic acids at lower-than-expected levels, given the apparent success of reductive dechlorination within the high organic sediment layers. The layered sequential treatment scheme suggests several opportunities for engineering optimization. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Shelley, Michael AU - Agrawal, Abinash AU - Amon, James AU - Opperman, Bryan AU - Bugg, Bradley AU - Entingh, Andrew AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 120 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 2 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - constructed wetlands KW - organic compounds KW - mitigation KW - ethylene KW - wetlands KW - alkenes KW - industrial waste KW - hydrocarbons KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51851523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Constructed+vertical-flow+wetlands+for+treatment+of+chlorinated+ethenes&rft.au=Shelley%2C+Michael%3BAgrawal%2C+Abinash%3BAmon%2C+James%3BOpperman%2C+Bryan%3BBugg%2C+Bradley%3BEntingh%2C+Andrew%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Shelley&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=120&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Southeastern Section, 51st annual meeting; Geological Society of America, North-Central Section, 36th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkenes; chlorinated hydrocarbons; constructed wetlands; ethylene; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; industrial waste; mitigation; organic compounds; pollution; remediation; United States; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nesting Ecology of Saltmarsh Sharp-tailed Sparrows in a tidally restricted salt marsh AN - 18397576; 5385091 AB - We investigated population size, nest success, and nest-site characteristics of Saltmarsh Sharp-tailed Sparrows (Ammodramus caudacutus) from 1993 to 1998 in a salt marsh near Galilee, Rhode Island. From 1956 to 1997, tidal flow was restricted in the marsh by construction of a road with small culverts, which resulted in conversion of the marsh from short- and tall-form cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora) and marsh hay (S. patens) to one dominated by >5 m tall common reed (Phragmites australis). In fall 1997, self-regulating tide gates were installed to restore the historic tidal regime and vegetation. We documented declines in adult sparrow population sizes (17-25% annual decline) and productivity (48% annual decline) while the tidal regime was restricted. Nest success was variable (10-83%) before 1998, with predators accounting for most nest losses. Saltmarsh Sharp-tailed Sparrows usually nested in marsh hay, short-form cordgrass, and short common reed. After restoration, sparrows nested where vegetation was taller, which permitted greater nest elevation. However, 91% of nests failed due to flooding following installation of new tide gates. We hypothesize that restoration efforts will have short-term negative impacts on Saltmarsh Sharp-tailed Sparrow populations until salt marsh habitats are restored in higher sections of the marsh. JF - Wetlands AU - DiQuinzio, DA AU - Paton, PWC AU - Eddleman, W R AD - National Park Service, Boston Support Office, 15 State Street, Boston, Massachusetts, USA 02109, Deb_DiQuinzio@nps.gov Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - Mar 2002 SP - 179 EP - 185 VL - 22 IS - 1 SN - 0277-5212, 0277-5212 KW - Salt marsh sharp-tailed sparrow KW - Salt-marsh Sharp-tailed sparrow KW - USA, Rhode Island, Galilee KW - tidal flow restriction KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Brackish KW - D 04671:Birds KW - Q1 01423:Behaviour KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q5 01521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18397576?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wetlands&rft.atitle=Nesting+Ecology+of+Saltmarsh+Sharp-tailed+Sparrows+in+a+tidally+restricted+salt+marsh&rft.au=DiQuinzio%2C+DA%3BPaton%2C+PWC%3BEddleman%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=DiQuinzio&rft.aufirst=DA&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wetlands&rft.issn=02775212&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ferrets as a model system for renal disease secondary to intestinal infection with Escherichia coli O157:H7 and other Shiga toxin-producing E. coli. AN - 71482395; 11865409 AB - Ferrets were evaluated as a possible small animal model for the development of colitis and/or signs of the hemolytic uremic syndrome after oral infection with Escherichia coli O157:H7 or other Shiga toxin--producing E. coli (STEC). Ferrets treated with streptomycin (Stm) had higher counts of E. coli O157:H7 strain 86-24 Stm-resistant (Stm(r)) or O91:H21 strain B2F1 Stm(r) in their stools than non--Stm-treated animals. None of the animals displayed evidence of colitis, but Stm-treated animals fed strain 86-24 Stm(r) exhibited weight loss significantly greater than that exhibited by ferrets fed an isogenic mutant negative for the adhesin intimin. Moreover, 11 (23%) of the 47 Stm-treated ferrets inoculated with 86-24 Stm(r) or B2F1 Stm(r) developed hematuria and/or histological damage to glomeruli or thrombocytopenia, compared with 0 of 14 uninfected control animals receiving Stm in water. Thus, the ferret may serve as a model for renal disease secondary to intestinal infection with STEC. JF - The Journal of infectious diseases AU - Woods, Jon B AU - Schmitt, Clare K AU - Darnell, Stephen C AU - Meysick, Karen C AU - O'Brien, Alison D AD - Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799, USA. Y1 - 2002/02/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Feb 15 SP - 550 EP - 554 VL - 185 IS - 4 SN - 0022-1899, 0022-1899 KW - Adhesins, Bacterial KW - 0 KW - Carrier Proteins KW - Escherichia coli Proteins KW - eaeA protein, E coli KW - 147094-99-3 KW - Shiga Toxin KW - 75757-64-1 KW - Streptomycin KW - Y45QSO73OB KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Intestines -- pathology KW - Kidney -- pathology KW - Adhesins, Bacterial -- physiology KW - Ferrets KW - Carrier Proteins -- physiology KW - Streptomycin -- pharmacology KW - Intestinal Diseases -- complications KW - Intestinal Diseases -- pathology KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Kidney Diseases -- etiology KW - Escherichia coli Infections -- pathology KW - Shiga Toxin -- toxicity KW - Escherichia coli O157 -- pathogenicity KW - Escherichia coli Infections -- complications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71482395?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+infectious+diseases&rft.atitle=Ferrets+as+a+model+system+for+renal+disease+secondary+to+intestinal+infection+with+Escherichia+coli+O157%3AH7+and+other+Shiga+toxin-producing+E.+coli.&rft.au=Woods%2C+Jon+B%3BSchmitt%2C+Clare+K%3BDarnell%2C+Stephen+C%3BMeysick%2C+Karen+C%3BO%27Brien%2C+Alison+D&rft.aulast=Woods&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft.date=2002-02-15&rft.volume=185&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=550&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+infectious+diseases&rft.issn=00221899&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-03-15 N1 - Date created - 2002-02-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Low-grade follicular lymphoma of the small intestine. AN - 85366086; pmid-11782611 AB - Although the gastrointestinal tract is the most common site of extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), primary small intestine lymphomas remain relatively rare, especially localized low-grade follicular B-cell lymphomas. When lymphomas do occur at this site, most are high grade and require aggressive therapy. We report three cases of small intestinal follicular lymphoma diagnosed on endoscopic biopsy and review the clinical history, pathologic features, and treatment outcome.A review of the medical records and pathology from three cases of small intestine follicular NHL was performed. The pathology specimens were formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues processed for routine microscopic examination, immunohistochemical staining, and molecular analysis.Histologic and immunophenotypical studies were diagnostic of grade 1 follicular lymphoma (Revised European-American Lymphoma classification/World Health Organization classification). All cases expressed bcl-2 protein, and polymerase chain reaction analysis supported the diagnosis in two cases with adequate DNA. With 23.3 months' median follow-up, one untreated and one treated patient were alive without symptoms; a third untreated patient died of a nonlymphoma cause.Isolated indolent lymphomas of the small intestine are rare. Accurate pathologic staging and histologic classification are paramount in delineating treatment options. JF - Journal of clinical gastroenterology AU - Poggi, Matthew M AU - Cong, Peijie J AU - Coleman, C Norman AU - Jaffe, Elaine S AD - Radiation Oncology Sciences Program, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. mpoggi@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 155 EP - 159 VL - 34 IS - 2 SN - 0192-0790, 0192-0790 KW - Index Medicus KW - National Library of Medicine KW - Aged KW - *Duodenal Neoplasms: pathology KW - Female KW - Humans KW - *Ileal Neoplasms: pathology KW - *Lymphoma, Follicular: pathology KW - Male KW - Middle Aged UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85366086?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+clinical+gastroenterology&rft.atitle=Low-grade+follicular+lymphoma+of+the+small+intestine.&rft.au=Poggi%2C+Matthew+M%3BCong%2C+Peijie+J%3BColeman%2C+C+Norman%3BJaffe%2C+Elaine+S&rft.aulast=Poggi&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+clinical+gastroenterology&rft.issn=01920790&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English (eng) DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2011-12-15 N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scattering and active acoustic control from a submerged spherical shell. AN - 85358761; pmid-11863191 AB - This paper is concerned with the scattering from a submerged (heavy fluid) bilaminate spherical shell composed of an outer layer of steel, and an inner layer of radially polarized piezoelectric material. The methodology used includes separation formulas for the stresses and displacements, which in turn are used (coupled with spherical harmonics) to reduce the governing equations to linear systems of ordinary differential equations. This technique uses the full equations of elasticity rather than any of the various thin-shell approximations in determining the axisymmetric scattering from a shell, normal modes of vibration for the shell, as well as voltages necessary for annihilation of a scattered pressure due to insonification of the shell by an incident plane wave. JF - The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America AU - Scandrett, Clyde AD - Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California 93943, USA. Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 893 EP - 907 VL - 111 IS - 2 SN - 0001-4966, 0001-4966 KW - Index Medicus KW - National Library of Medicine KW - *Acoustics KW - Elasticity KW - *Models, Theoretical KW - Vibration UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85358761?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Scattering+and+active+acoustic+control+from+a+submerged+spherical+shell.&rft.au=Scandrett%2C+Clyde&rft.aulast=Scandrett&rft.aufirst=Clyde&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=893&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00014966&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English (eng) DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2011-12-15 N1 - SuppNotes - Erratum In: J Acoust Soc Am. 2007 Jul;122(1):677 N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rescue of hematopoietic stem cells following high-dose radiation injury using ex vivo culture on endothelial monolayers. AN - 71504393; 11878265 AB - Military personnel are at significant risk for potentially lethal myeloablative injury secondary to nuclear accident, nuclear attack, or chemical weapons attack. In an attempt to develop culture conditions in which hematopoietic stem cells might be rescued from the effects of radiation, we irradiated (1,000 cGy split dose) 6-week-old C57BL/6 (Ly 5.1) and syngeneic C57BL/6 (Ly 5.2) mice and tested whether bone marrow mononuclear cells (MNCs) harvested postirradiation could be rescued via coculture in porcine microvascular endothelial cell (PMVEC) monolayers. We found that a subpopulation of bone marrow MNCs exposed to 1,000 cGy could be maintained and expanded over 10 days in a PMVEC culture (3.8-fold expansion), whereas liquid suspension culture did not maintain a significant number of hematopoietic cells postirradiation. Colony-forming assays demonstrated that murine MNCs exposed to 1,000 cGy did not give rise to granulocyte/macrophage colony-forming units (CFU-GM), erythroid burst-forming units (BFU-e), or CFU-Mix in 14-day cultures, whereas irradiated MNCs that were subsequently cultured in PMVEC-generated CFU-GM, BFU-e, and CFU-Mix at cloning efficiencies of 1.3%, 0.2%, and 0.2%, respectively. In survival studies, we found that 78% of mice that were irradiated and then transplanted with irradiated/PMVEC-expanded MNCs were alive at day 50, compared with 18% of irradiated control mice (p < 0.05). We also observed that mice transplanted with irradiated/PMVEC-expanded MNCs showed complete hematologic recovery. At 8 weeks post-transplant, we found evidence of Ly 5.1 donor cells in both the bone marrow and the spleen of the transplanted animals, but the levels of engraftment were low (range, 0-5.1%; mean, 1.9%). These results demonstrate that a subpopulation of bone marrow stem cells are capable of surviving the effects of high-dose radiation if these cells are placed in coculture with endothelial cell monolayers. JF - Military medicine AU - Chute, John P AU - Clark, William AU - Saini, Abha AU - Wells, Mark AU - Harlan, David AD - Navy/National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases-Transplantation and Autoimmunity Branch, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA. Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 74 EP - 77 VL - 167 IS - 2 Suppl SN - 0026-4075, 0026-4075 KW - Index Medicus KW - Swine KW - Animals KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Endothelium -- cytology KW - Radiation Injuries, Experimental -- pathology KW - Hematopoietic Stem Cells -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71504393?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Military+medicine&rft.atitle=Rescue+of+hematopoietic+stem+cells+following+high-dose+radiation+injury+using+ex+vivo+culture+on+endothelial+monolayers.&rft.au=Chute%2C+John+P%3BClark%2C+William%3BSaini%2C+Abha%3BWells%2C+Mark%3BHarlan%2C+David&rft.aulast=Chute&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=167&rft.issue=2+Suppl&rft.spage=74&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Military+medicine&rft.issn=00264075&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-03-20 N1 - Date created - 2002-03-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Department of Defense's Persian Gulf War registry year 2000: an examination of veterans' health status. AN - 71502857; 11873533 AB - This study examined the health status of 46,633 Persian Gulf War theater veterans who received full clinical evaluations in the Department of Defense's Gulf War Comprehensive Clinical Evaluation Program (CCEP) as of spring 2000. Clinical data analyzed included demographic information, 15 health symptoms, 19 wartime exposures, and primary and secondary physician-determined medical diagnoses based on International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification, criteria. Findings and discussions are arrayed, by gender, with comparative 1996 data from the Department of Veterans Affairs Health Examination Registry Program. Many veterans reported fewer physical symptoms now than during the time of the Gulf War. Many endorsed symptoms of joint pain, fatigue, weight change, and sleep disturbances. Most reported exposure to diesel fuel and the nerve agent antidote pyridostigmine bromide; far fewer female veterans reported combat involvement. The most frequent primary or secondary diagnosed medical conditions were musculoskeletal/connective tissue diseases, ill-defined conditions, and mental disorders. Female veterans were diagnosed more frequently with mental disorders. Symptom endorsement and diagnosis rates between the CCEP and the Department of Veterans Affairs registry were not dissimilar. Overall, the self-reported general health of veterans with symptoms was much poorer (females had higher rates of "fair to poor" health than males) than that of veterans with no reported symptoms. JF - Military medicine AU - Stuart, John A AU - Murray, Kelly M AU - Ursano, Robert J AU - Wright, Kathleen M AD - Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services, University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA. Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 121 EP - 128 VL - 167 IS - 2 SN - 0026-4075, 0026-4075 KW - Mustard Compounds KW - 0 KW - Petroleum KW - Mustard Gas KW - T8KEC9FH9P KW - Index Medicus KW - Mustard Compounds -- adverse effects KW - Sex Factors KW - Humans KW - Warfare KW - Registries KW - Adult KW - Surveys and Questionnaires KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Mustard Gas -- adverse effects KW - Petroleum -- adverse effects KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Sex Distribution KW - Female KW - Male KW - Middle East KW - Veterans -- statistics & numerical data KW - Combat Disorders -- etiology KW - Health Status KW - Persian Gulf Syndrome -- epidemiology KW - Persian Gulf Syndrome -- diagnosis KW - Combat Disorders -- diagnosis KW - Combat Disorders -- epidemiology KW - Persian Gulf Syndrome -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71502857?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Military+medicine&rft.atitle=The+Department+of+Defense%27s+Persian+Gulf+War+registry+year+2000%3A+an+examination+of+veterans%27+health+status.&rft.au=Stuart%2C+John+A%3BMurray%2C+Kelly+M%3BUrsano%2C+Robert+J%3BWright%2C+Kathleen+M&rft.aulast=Stuart&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=167&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Military+medicine&rft.issn=00264075&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-05-09 N1 - Date created - 2002-03-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute pulmonary effects from o-chlorobenzylidenemalonitrile "tear gas": a unique exposure outcome unmasked by strenuous exercise after a military training event. AN - 71481488; 11873536 AB - o-Chlorobenzylidenemalonitrile, more commonly called CS, is grouped with several other irritant agents referred to as "tear gas." It is a riot-control agent used frequently in military settings to test the ability and speed of personnel in donning their military gas masks. When personnel are exposed to CS without proper personal protective equipment, it has potent irritant effects. We report a unique cluster of hospitalizations of nine U.S. Marines who developed a transient pulmonary syndrome. All nine patients had symptoms of cough and shortness of breath. Five of the nine presented with hemoptysis, and four presented with hypoxia. Symptoms were associated with strenuous physical exercise from 36 to 84 hours after heavy exposure of CS in a field training setting. Four of the nine Marines required intensive care observation as a result of profound hypoxia. All signs and symptoms resolved within 72 hours of hospital admission. One week after CS exposure, all nine Marines demonstrated normal lung function during spirometry before and after exercise challenge using cycle ergometry. JF - Military medicine AU - Thomas, Richard J AU - Smith, Philip A AU - Rascona, Dominic A AU - Louthan, James D AU - Gumpert, Bart AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 136 EP - 139 VL - 167 IS - 2 SN - 0026-4075, 0026-4075 KW - o-Chlorobenzylidenemalonitrile KW - 2698-41-1 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Lung Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Military Personnel KW - o-Chlorobenzylidenemalonitrile -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71481488?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Military+medicine&rft.atitle=Acute+pulmonary+effects+from+o-chlorobenzylidenemalonitrile+%22tear+gas%22%3A+a+unique+exposure+outcome+unmasked+by+strenuous+exercise+after+a+military+training+event.&rft.au=Thomas%2C+Richard+J%3BSmith%2C+Philip+A%3BRascona%2C+Dominic+A%3BLouthan%2C+James+D%3BGumpert%2C+Bart&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=167&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=136&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Military+medicine&rft.issn=00264075&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-05-09 N1 - Date created - 2002-03-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Mil Med. 2002 Nov;167(11):iii-iv [12448609] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The influence of pre-test anxiety, personality and exercise on VO sub(2)max estimation AN - 18329780; 5379869 AB - This research investigated the influence of exercise activities, situational factors, and personality on a submaximal cycle ergometry test (SCET). Data were collected via a questionnaire administered to 193 active duty Air Force members during their required annual SCET. Multiple regression and ANOVA were used to find the relative influence of each factor on the estimated maximal rate of oxygen uptake (VO sub(2)max) determined by the SCET. For the group as a whole, self-reported test anxiety explained 24% of the variance in SCET results, while self-reported aerobic caloric expenditure explained only 10%. For runners, test anxiety explained 26%, and calories expended running explained only 5%. For cyclists, calories expended cycling explained 53% of the variance, while test anxiety had no influence on SCET results. The results indicate that for non-cyclists, high test anxiety results in an underestimation of VO sub(2)max as determined by the SCET. The exercise that has the greatest influence on increasing SCET scores is cycling. Increased time or intensity spent running does not significantly enhance SCET performance. JF - Journal of Exercise Physiology AU - Hunn, H M AU - Lapuma, P T AU - Holt, D T AD - Air Force Institute of Technology Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 5 EP - 14 VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 1097-9751, 1097-9751 KW - Physical Education Index KW - Energy cost KW - Oxygen consumption (exercise effects) KW - Bicycle ergometry KW - Exercise physiology KW - Anxiety KW - Exercise (intensity) KW - Running (runners) KW - Sport psychology KW - PE 090:Sports Medicine & Exercise Sport Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18329780?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Exercise+Physiology&rft.atitle=The+influence+of+pre-test+anxiety%2C+personality+and+exercise+on+VO+sub%282%29max+estimation&rft.au=Hunn%2C+H+M%3BLapuma%2C+P+T%3BHolt%2C+D+T&rft.aulast=Hunn&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Exercise+Physiology&rft.issn=10979751&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Physical Education Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bicycle ergometry; Anxiety; Exercise (intensity); Running (runners); Oxygen consumption (exercise effects); Sport psychology; Energy cost; Exercise physiology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trends in bole biomass accumulation, net primary production and tree mortality in Pseudotsuga menziesii forests of contrasting age AN - 18299956; 5335785 AB - Although it is generally accepted that the rate of accumulation of biomass declines as forests age, little is known about the relative contributions to this decline of changes in net primary production (NPP) and tree mortality. We used 10-15 years of observations of permanent plots in three small watersheds in and near the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest, Oregon, to examine these issues. The three watersheds are of similar elevation and potential productivity and support young (29 years at last measurement), mature ( similar to 100 years) and old ( similar to 400 years) forest dominated by Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco and Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg. Accumulation of tree bole biomass was greatest in the young stand, reaching similar to 7 Mg ha super(-1) year super(-1) in the last measurement interval. Bole biomass accumulation was relatively constant ( similar to 4-5 Mg ha super(-1) year super(-1)) in the mature stand, and there was no net accumulation of bole biomass in the old-forest stand. The NPP of boles increased with time in the young stand, from similar to 3 to similar to 7 Mg ha super(-1) year super(-1), but was nearly constant in the mature and old-forest stands, at similar to 6 and 3-4 Mg ha super(-1) year super(-1), respectively. Mortality increased slowly in the young stand (from < 0.1 to 0.3 Mg ha super(-1) year super(-1)), but fluctuated between 1-2 and 2-6 Mg ha super(-1) year super(-1) in the mature and old-forest stands, respectively. Thus, declining biomass accumulation with stand age reflects, in approximately equal amounts, both decreasing NPP and increasing mortality. JF - Tree Physiology AU - Acker, SA AU - Halpern, C B AU - Harmon, ME AU - Dyrness, C T AD - National Park Service, 909 First Avenue, Seattle, WA 98104, USA, steve_acker@nps.gov Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 213 EP - 217 VL - 22 IS - 2-3 SN - 0829-318X, 0829-318X KW - Douglas-fir KW - Pacific hemlock KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - Age KW - Trees KW - Forests KW - Pseudotsuga menziesii KW - Biomass KW - USA, Oregon KW - Tsuga heterophylla KW - Primary production KW - D 04125:Temperate forests UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18299956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tree+Physiology&rft.atitle=Trends+in+bole+biomass+accumulation%2C+net+primary+production+and+tree+mortality+in+Pseudotsuga+menziesii+forests+of+contrasting+age&rft.au=Acker%2C+SA%3BHalpern%2C+C+B%3BHarmon%2C+ME%3BDyrness%2C+C+T&rft.aulast=Acker&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Tree+Physiology&rft.issn=0829318X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pseudotsuga menziesii; Tsuga heterophylla; USA, Oregon; Forests; Trees; Biomass; Primary production; Mortality; Age ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Timing of Intravenous Crystalloid Administration and Incidence of Cardiovascular Side Effects During Spinal Anesthesia: The Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial AN - 18294579; 5335764 AB - We conducted a randomized clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of crystalloids in preventing spinal-induced hypotension (SIH) and cardiovascular side effects (CVSE) in a group of surgical patients. Participants were assigned to receive lactated Ringer's solution at 1-2 mL/min (Placebo group, n = 142); lactated Ringer's at 20 mL/kg starting 20 min before spinal block (n = 130); or lactated Ringer's at 20 mL/kg starting at the time of spinal block (n = 132). SIH was defined as a decrease of greater than or equal to 30% in baseline systolic blood pressure, and CVSE as SIH plus nausea, vomiting, or faintness requiring treatment. The incidence of SIH was similar in all treatment groups. Compared to placebo, crystalloid administration at the time of spinal block resulted in a significant reduction in the proportion of patients developing CVSE from 9.9% to 2.3%. The corresponding relative proportion was 0.23 (95% confidence interval, 0.07-0.78; P = 0.019), and one additional case of CVSE was avoided for each 13 patients receiving crystalloids at the time of spinal block instead of placebo. Administration of crystalloids at the time of spinal block seems to be effective because it provides additional intravascular fluids during the period of highest risk of CVSE after spinal anesthesia. JF - Anesthesia & Analgesia AU - Mojica, J L AU - Melendez, HJ AU - Bautista, LE AD - 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Room A1039, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA, lbautista@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 432 EP - 437 VL - 94 IS - 2 SN - 0003-2999, 0003-2999 KW - man KW - crystalloids KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Cardiovascular system KW - Anesthesia KW - Spinal cord KW - Clinical trials KW - Side effects KW - X 24113:Side effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18294579?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Anesthesia+%26+Analgesia&rft.atitle=The+Timing+of+Intravenous+Crystalloid+Administration+and+Incidence+of+Cardiovascular+Side+Effects+During+Spinal+Anesthesia%3A+The+Results+from+a+Randomized+Controlled+Trial&rft.au=Mojica%2C+J+L%3BMelendez%2C+HJ%3BBautista%2C+LE&rft.aulast=Mojica&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=94&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=432&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Anesthesia+%26+Analgesia&rft.issn=00032999&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anesthesia; Spinal cord; Cardiovascular system; Side effects; Clinical trials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Endogenous Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines Differentially Regulate an In Vivo Humoral Response to Streptococcus pneumoniae AN - 18233158; 5296153 AB - Proinflammatory cytokines play a critical role in innate host defense against extracellular bacteria. However, little is known regarding the effects of these cytokines on the adaptive humoral response. Mice injected with a neutralizing anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF- alpha ) monoclonal antibody (MAb) at the time of primary immunization with intact Streptococcus pneumoniae (strain R36A) showed a substantial reduction in both the primary immunoglobulin G (IgG) response specific for the cell wall protein, pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA), as well as in the development of PspA-specific memory. In contrast, anti-TNF- alpha MAb injected only at the time of secondary immunization with R36A failed to alter the boosted anti-PspA response. TNF- alpha was required only within the first 48 to 72 h after primary immunization with R36A and was induced both by non-B and non-T cells and by lymphoid cells, within 2 to 6 h after immunization, with levels returning to normal by 24 h. Thus, the early innate release of TNF- alpha was critical for optimal stimulation of the subsequent adaptive humoral response to R36A. Additional proinflammatory (interleukin 1 [IL-1], IL-6, IL-12, and gamma interferon [IFN- gamma ]) as well as anti-inflammatory (IL-4 and IL-10) cytokines were also transiently induced. Mice genetically deficient in IL-6, IFN- gamma , or IL-12 also showed a reduced IgG anti-PspA response of all IgG isotypes. In contrast, IL-4 super(-/-) and IL-10 super(-/-) mice immunized with R36A showed a significant elevation in the IgG anti-PspA response, except that there was decreased IgG1 in IL-4 super(-/-) mice. In this regard, a marked enhancement in the induction of proinflammatory cytokines was observed in the absence of IL-10, relative to controls. Ig isotype titers specific for the phosphorycholine determinant of C-polysaccharide were similarly regulated, but to a much more modest degree. These data suggest that proinflammatory and anti- inflammatory cytokines differentially regulate an in vivo protein- and polysaccharide-specific Ig response to an extracellular bacteria. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Khan, A Q AU - Shen, Y AU - Wu, Z AU - Wynn, T A AU - Snapper, C M AD - Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814., csnapper@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 749 EP - 761 VL - 70 IS - 2 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - mice KW - infection KW - PspA protein KW - pneumococcal surface protein A KW - tumor necrosis factor- alpha KW - Genetics Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - tumor necrosis factor-a KW - Interleukin 4 KW - Interleukins KW - Interleukin 10 KW - Cytokines KW - Immune response (humoral) KW - g-Interferon KW - Monoclonal antibodies KW - Antibody response KW - Immunization KW - Inflammation KW - Streptococcus pneumoniae KW - ^g-Interferon KW - Tumor necrosis factor-^a KW - Immunoglobulin G KW - G 07240:Immunogenetics KW - G 07397:Rodentia (mice) KW - F 06801:Bacteria KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18233158?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Endogenous+Pro-+and+Anti-Inflammatory+Cytokines+Differentially+Regulate+an+In+Vivo+Humoral+Response+to+Streptococcus+pneumoniae&rft.au=Khan%2C+A+Q%3BShen%2C+Y%3BWu%2C+Z%3BWynn%2C+T+A%3BSnapper%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Khan&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=749&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/70.2.749-761.2002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Streptococcus pneumoniae; Inflammation; Cytokines; Immune response (humoral); Antibody response; Monoclonal antibodies; Immunization; Immunoglobulin G; Interleukins; g-Interferon; Tumor necrosis factor-^a; Interleukin 10; Interleukin 4; ^g-Interferon DO - http://dx.doi.org/70.2.749-761.2002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Historical patterns of river stage and fish communities as criteria for operations of dams on the Illinois River AN - 1798736252; 5365372 AB - The hydrologic regime of the Illinois River has been altered over the past 100 years. Locks and dams regulate water surface elevations and flow, enabling commercial navigation to continue year round. This study relates changes in water surface elevation to fish abundance in the river, and establishes target criteria for operating locks and dams. Using long-term records of daily river stage, we identified ecologically meaningful hydrological parameters for eight gage locations along the Illinois River. Inter-annual variability of a long-term fisheries dataset beginning in 1957 was related to variability in stage, flood and recession duration, frequency, timing, and rate of change of water levels. Reversals in water surface elevation, maximum stage levels, and length of the spring flood were the most important parameters influencing abundance of age-zero fishes in annual collections. Smallmouth buffalo (Ictiobus bubalus), black crappie (Pomoxis nigromaculatus), freshwater drum (Aplodinotus grunniens), and white bass (Morone chrysops) were most abundant in samples during years that approximated the natural water level regime. Of the 33 hydrologic parameters evaluated for the entire water year from an Illinois River gage site on La Grange Reach, all except average stage in January and Julian date (JD) of maximum stage had moderate or high hydrologic alteration based on the historical range of variation (RVA). The highest degree of hydrologic alteration was for minimum stage levels (1-day, 3-day, and 7-day), rate-of-rise, and rate-of-fall. Other parameters that have been severely altered were 30-day minimum stage, 90-day maximum stage, and the annual number of water level reversals. Operations of the La Grange and Peoria locks and dams could be modified so water level variability would approximate that of the late 1800s, when fish and wildlife resources were abundant. The water regime could be regulated to maintain navigation and improve conditions for native plants and animals without increasing flood damages. JF - River Research and Applications AU - Koel, T M AU - Sparks, R E AD - National Park Service, Center for Resource, P.O. Box 168, Yellowstone National Park, WY 82190, USA, todd_koel@nps.gov Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 3 EP - 19 VL - 18 IS - 1 SN - 1535-1459, 1535-1459 KW - Freshwater drum KW - USA, Illinois R. KW - White bass KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Hydrological Regime KW - Regulated Rivers KW - Morone chrysops KW - Abundance KW - Reservoir Operation KW - Stages KW - Reservoir operation KW - Freshwater KW - Ecological Effects KW - Freshwater fish KW - Fishery resources KW - Fishing and fisheries KW - Ecology KW - Water levels KW - Fishery management KW - Dams KW - Fisheries KW - Ecosystem management KW - Hydrology KW - Aplodinotus grunniens KW - Data Interpretation KW - Dam Effects KW - Rivers KW - Locks KW - Navigational channels KW - Navigation KW - Community composition KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - SW 4070:Ecological impact of water development KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1798736252?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=River+Research+and+Applications&rft.atitle=Historical+patterns+of+river+stage+and+fish+communities+as+criteria+for+operations+of+dams+on+the+Illinois+River&rft.au=Koel%2C+T+M%3BSparks%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Koel&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=River+Research+and+Applications&rft.issn=15351459&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frra.630 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water levels; Rivers; Community composition; Fishery management; Dams; Abundance; Ecosystem management; Hydrology; Navigational channels; Freshwater fish; Fishery resources; Ecology; Locks; Reservoir operation; Stages; Navigation; Fishing and fisheries; Hydrological Regime; Regulated Rivers; Fisheries; Reservoir Operation; Ecological Effects; Data Interpretation; Dam Effects; Morone chrysops; Aplodinotus grunniens; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.630 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cell Surface-localized Nucleolin Is a Eukaryotic Receptor for the Adhesin Intimin- gamma of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 AN - 18236109; 5298092 AB - Intimin- gamma is an outer membrane protein of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 that is required for the organism to adhere tightly to HEp-2 cells and to colonize experimental animals. Another EHEC O157:H7 protein, the Transferred intimin receptor (Tir), is considered the primary receptor for intimin- gamma . Nevertheless, Tir-independent binding of intimin- gamma to HEp-2 cells has been reported. This observation suggests the existence of a eukaryotic receptor(s) for intimin- gamma . In this study, we sought to identify that receptor(s). First, we determined by equilibrium binding titration that the association of purified intimin- gamma with HEp-2 cells was specific and consistent with a single host cell receptor. Second, we isolated a protein from lysates of HEp-2 cells that bound intimin- gamma and subsequently identified this molecule as nucleolin, a protein involved in cell growth regulation that can be cell surface-expressed. Third, we established that purified intimin- gamma and nucleolin were co-localized on the surface of HEp-2 cells and that the site of EHEC O157:H7 attachment was associated with regions of nucleolin expression. Finally, we demonstrated that mouse anti-nucleolin sera significantly decreased the adherence of EHEC O157:H7 to HEp-2 cells. From this, we conclude that nucleolin is the HEp-2 cell receptor for intimin- gamma expressed by EHEC O157:H7. JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry AU - Sinclair, J F AU - O'Brien, AD AD - Department of Microbiology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799, USA, aobrien@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/01/25/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jan 25 SP - 2876 EP - 2885 VL - 277 IS - 4 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - HEp-2 cells KW - intimin gamma KW - nucleolin KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - intimin g KW - Adhesins KW - Cell surface KW - Outer membranes KW - Receptors KW - Intestine KW - Escherichia coli KW - Cell adhesion KW - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18236109?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Cell+Surface-localized+Nucleolin+Is+a+Eukaryotic+Receptor+for+the+Adhesin+Intimin-+gamma+of+Enterohemorrhagic+Escherichia+coli+O157%3AH7&rft.au=Sinclair%2C+J+F%3BO%27Brien%2C+AD&rft.aulast=Sinclair&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-01-25&rft.volume=277&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2876&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; Intestine; Cell surface; Receptors; Adhesins; Outer membranes; Cell adhesion ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Serine palmitoyltransferase: Enzyme structure and identification of dominant inactivating mutations in the Lcb1p and Lcb2p subunits AN - 39387909; 3646621 AU - Dunn, T AU - Gable, K AU - Han, G AU - Monaghan, E AU - Natarajan, M Y1 - 2002/01/08/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jan 08 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39387909?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Serine+palmitoyltransferase%3A+Enzyme+structure+and+identification+of+dominant+inactivating+mutations+in+the+Lcb1p+and+Lcb2p+subunits&rft.au=Dunn%2C+T%3BGable%2C+K%3BHan%2C+G%3BMonaghan%2C+E%3BNatarajan%2C+M&rft.aulast=Dunn&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-01-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Yeast 2001, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, CZ-142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; fax: 420-2-475-25-01; email: yeast@biomed.cas.cz. Paper No. 12-39 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dendritic Cells Pulsed with Intact Streptococcus pneumoniae Elicit both Protein- and Polysaccharide-specific Immunoglobulin Isotype Responses In Vivo through Distinct Mechanisms AN - 18254311; 5317642 AB - Immature bone marrow-derived myeloid dendritic cells (BMDCs) are induced to undergo phenotypic maturation and secretion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- alpha , interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12, and IL-10 when pulsed in vitro with intact Streptococcus pneumoniae. After transfer to naive mice, pulsed BMDCs induce immunoglobulin (Ig) isotype responses specific for both protein and polysaccharide pneumococcal antigens, having in common the requirement for viable BMDCs, T cells, and B7-dependent costimulation in the recipient mice. Whereas primary Ig isotype responses to bacterial proteins uniformly require BMDC expression of major histocompatibility complex class II, CD40, and B7, and the secretion of IL-6, but not IL-12, similar requirements for antipolysaccharide Ig responses were only observed for the IgG1 isotype. JF - Journal of Experimental Medicine AU - Colino, J AU - Shen, Y AU - Snapper, C M AD - Dept. of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814, USA, csnapper@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/01/07/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jan 07 SP - 1 EP - 13 VL - 195 IS - 1 SN - 0022-1007, 0022-1007 KW - mice KW - polysaccharides KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - Interleukin 6 KW - Major histocompatibility complex KW - Antibody response KW - Interleukin 10 KW - Interleukin 12 KW - Dendritic cells KW - Streptococcus pneumoniae KW - Tumor necrosis factor-^a KW - Immune response KW - Immunoglobulins KW - F 06801:Bacteria KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18254311?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Experimental+Medicine&rft.atitle=Dendritic+Cells+Pulsed+with+Intact+Streptococcus+pneumoniae+Elicit+both+Protein-+and+Polysaccharide-specific+Immunoglobulin+Isotype+Responses+In+Vivo+through+Distinct+Mechanisms&rft.au=Colino%2C+J%3BShen%2C+Y%3BSnapper%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Colino&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-01-07&rft.volume=195&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Experimental+Medicine&rft.issn=00221007&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Streptococcus pneumoniae; Dendritic cells; Immunoglobulins; Major histocompatibility complex; Antibody response; Interleukin 6; Interleukin 12; Interleukin 10; Tumor necrosis factor-^a; Immune response ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating the Effects of Gender, Hand, Exerting Height, and Gloves on Peak Pushing and Pulling Strength AN - 746084609; 13019801 AB - This study aims to investigate the effects of gender, number of hand(s) (one and two-handed), exerting height (elbow and shoulder height), and gloved conditions (bare hand and wearing cotton gloves) on peak pushing/pulling strength of young adults in Taiwan. Thirty males and thirty females participated in this experiment. The experiment design was a nested-factorial design. The ANOVA results indicate that gender was the most dominant factor among all the evaluating factors, followed by number of hand(s), task types (pushing or pulling), handle position, and glove factor. Combining all the testing conditions, males pushing with two-hands (bare) at elbow height had the greatest strength performance. One the other hand, one-hand pulling at shoulder position should be avoided because it had the least peak strength. The action limit for one hand pulling was 121 N, which can be applied as the force requirement limit for designing pushing and pulling tasks in manual material handling. JF - Asian Journal of Ergonomics AU - Shih, Y-C AU - Wang, M-JJ AD - Institute for Logistics Management, National Defense University, Chung-Ho, 235, Taiwan, ROC Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 VL - 3 IS - 2 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746084609?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asian+Journal+of+Ergonomics&rft.atitle=Evaluating+the+Effects+of+Gender%2C+Hand%2C+Exerting+Height%2C+and+Gloves+on+Peak+Pushing+and+Pulling+Strength&rft.au=Shih%2C+Y-C%3BWang%2C+M-JJ&rft.aulast=Shih&rft.aufirst=Y-C&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Asian+Journal+of+Ergonomics&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of radial glia and Cajal-Retzius cells in neuronal migration. AN - 72125864; 12353469 AB - Normal development of cerebral cortex depends on proper sequential genesis of cortical neurons and glia. Disruption of corticogenesis in ferret by short-term arresting of cell division using injections of methylazoxy methanol (MAM) leads to a specific constellation of effects, including disruption and early differentiation of radial glia into astrocytes and disorganization of reelin-containing Cajal-Retzius cells. We hypothesize that early interference of normal cortical development removes a factor instrumental in maintaining radial glia in their normal elongated shape. In support of this idea, coculture of MAM-treated slices with normal cortical plate restores radial glia and Cajal-Retzius cells to their normal positions. Recently, we found that conditioned medium obtained from normal organotypic cultures returned radial glia toward their normal morphology only in a fraction of 30-50 kDa molecular weight (MW). To assess whether restoring this factor would also improve effective migration into the cortical plate of E24 MAM-treated animals, we conducted experiments using cocultures of normal cortical plate with organotypic cultures of MAM-treated cortex, which received prior BrdU injections. In both the normal and E24 MAM-treated/normal cortical plate coculture, a greater percentage of BrdU positive cells migrated effectively into the cortical plate. We suggest that early interruption of cell division eliminates a population of cells and a factor important for maintaining proper cortical development, specifically providing cues maintaining elongation of radial glia. JF - Results and problems in cell differentiation AU - Gierdalski, Marcin AU - Juliano, Sharon L AD - Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, and Program in Neuroscience, USUHS, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 75 EP - 88 VL - 39 SN - 0080-1844, 0080-1844 KW - Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal KW - 0 KW - Extracellular Matrix Proteins KW - Nerve Tissue Proteins KW - Protein Synthesis Inhibitors KW - Methylazoxymethanol Acetate KW - 592-62-1 KW - Serine Endopeptidases KW - EC 3.4.21.- KW - reelin protein KW - methylazoxymethanol KW - JGG19N3YDQ KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cerebral Cortex -- cytology KW - Coculture Techniques KW - Astrocytes -- cytology KW - Astrocytes -- drug effects KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Mice, Knockout KW - Extracellular Matrix Proteins -- metabolism KW - Protein Synthesis Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Cerebral Cortex -- embryology KW - Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal -- metabolism KW - Ferrets KW - Cell Differentiation -- drug effects KW - Organ Culture Techniques KW - Neuroglia -- cytology KW - Cell Movement KW - Methylazoxymethanol Acetate -- analogs & derivatives KW - Neuroglia -- drug effects KW - Methylazoxymethanol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Neuroglia -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72125864?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Results+and+problems+in+cell+differentiation&rft.atitle=Influence+of+radial+glia+and+Cajal-Retzius+cells+in+neuronal+migration.&rft.au=Gierdalski%2C+Marcin%3BJuliano%2C+Sharon+L&rft.aulast=Gierdalski&rft.aufirst=Marcin&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Results+and+problems+in+cell+differentiation&rft.issn=00801844&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-07 N1 - Date created - 2002-09-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Observation of radiation-specific damage in human cells exposed to depleted uranium: dicentric frequency and neoplastic transformation as endpoints. AN - 72026865; 12194305 AB - Depleted uranium (DU) is a dense heavy metal used primarily in military applications. Published data from our laboratory have demonstrated that DU exposure in vitro to immortalised human osteoblast cells (HOS) is both neoplastically transforming and genotoxic. DU possesses both a radiological (alpha-particle) and chemical (metal) component. Since DU has a low specific activity in comparison to natural uranium, it is not considered to be a significant radiological hazard. The potential contribution of radiation to DU-induced biological effects is unknown and the involvement of radiation in DU-induced biological effects could have significant implications for current risk estimates for internalised DU exposure. Two approaches were used to address this question. The frequency of dicentrics was measured in HOS cells following DU exposure in vitro. Data demonstrated that DU exposure (50 microM, 24 h) induced a significant elevation in dicentric frequency in vitro in contrast to incubation with the heavy metals, nickel and tungsten which did not increase dicentric frequency above background levels. Using the same concentration (50 microM) of three uranyl nitrate compounds that have different uranium isotopic concentrations and therefore, different specific activities, the effect on neoplastic transformation in vitro was examined. HOS cells were exposed to one of three-uranyl nitrate compounds (238U-uranyl nitrate, specific activity 0.33 microCi.g-1; DU-uranyl nitrate, specific activity 0.44 microCi.g-1; and 235U-uranyl nitrate, specific activity 2.2 microCi.g-1) delivered at a concentration of 50 microM for 24 h. Results showed, at equal uranium concentration, there was a specific activity dependent increase in neoplastic transformation frequency. Taken together these data suggest that radiation can play a role in DU-induced biological effects in vitro. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - Miller, A C AU - Xu, J AU - Stewart, M AU - Brooks, K AU - Hodge, S AU - Shi, L AU - Page, N AU - McClain, D AD - Applied Cellular Radiobiology Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20889-5603, USA. millera@mx.afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 275 EP - 278 VL - 99 IS - 1-4 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Uranium KW - 4OC371KSTK KW - Nickel KW - 7OV03QG267 KW - Index Medicus KW - Nickel -- pharmacology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- radiation effects KW - DNA Damage -- radiation effects KW - Osteoblasts -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72026865?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Observation+of+radiation-specific+damage+in+human+cells+exposed+to+depleted+uranium%3A+dicentric+frequency+and+neoplastic+transformation+as+endpoints.&rft.au=Miller%2C+A+C%3BXu%2C+J%3BStewart%2C+M%3BBrooks%2C+K%3BHodge%2C+S%3BShi%2C+L%3BPage%2C+N%3BMcClain%2C+D&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-03-24 N1 - Date created - 2002-08-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Proto-oncogene expression: a predictive assay for radiation biodosimetry applications. AN - 72025741; 12194311 AB - Using a model system of in vitro human peripheral blood lymphocytes, the effect of low-dose (0.25 to 1.50 Gy) 250-kVp X ray radiation (1 Gy.min-1) on the expression of several proto-oncogenes was examined (c-Haras, c-src, c-met, c-jun, c-fos, and c-myc) and beta-actin from 0.25 to 17 h post-radiation. RNA was extracted from cells harvested at various times after exposure and examined for levels of particular mRNAs by northern blot hybridisation. A progressive time- and dose-dependent increase in mRNA levels was observed for c-Haras mRNA, while the other proto-oncogenes (c-src, c-met, c-fos, c-jun and c-myc) examined were variable during the same time period. beta-actin levels were initially decreased but at 17 h post-radiation had returned to control levels. A comparison of the rate of c-Haras transcription at 5 and 17 h post-irradiation revealed that c-Haras transcription was higher at 5 h than at 17 h. These findings suggest that the level of specific proto-oncogene expression, particularly c-Haras, may be useful early diagnostic molecular biomarkers for biodosimetry applications. The use of real-time PCR technologies to quantify gene expression changes will also be discussed. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - Miller, A C AU - Luo, L AU - Chin, W K AU - Director-Myska, A E AU - Prasanna, P G S AU - Blakely, W F AD - Applied Cellular Radiobiology Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD 20889-5603, USA. millera@mx.afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 295 EP - 302 VL - 99 IS - 1-4 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Index Medicus KW - X-Rays KW - Transcription, Genetic -- radiation effects KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Predictive Value of Tests KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Cell Nucleus -- radiation effects KW - Cell Nucleus -- genetics KW - Proto-Oncogenes -- radiation effects KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- radiation effects KW - Lymphocytes -- radiation effects KW - Radiometry -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72025741?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Proto-oncogene+expression%3A+a+predictive+assay+for+radiation+biodosimetry+applications.&rft.au=Miller%2C+A+C%3BLuo%2C+L%3BChin%2C+W+K%3BDirector-Myska%2C+A+E%3BPrasanna%2C+P+G+S%3BBlakely%2C+W+F&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=295&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-03-24 N1 - Date created - 2002-08-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dental fluorosis: chemistry and biology. AN - 71869520; 12097358 AB - This review aims at discussing the pathogenesis of enamel fluorosis in relation to a putative linkage among ameloblastic activities, secreted enamel matrix proteins and multiple proteases, growing enamel crystals, and fluid composition, including calcium and fluoride ions. Fluoride is the most important caries-preventive agent in dentistry. In the last two decades, increasing fluoride exposure in various forms and vehicles is most likely the explanation for an increase in the prevalence of mild-to-moderate forms of dental fluorosis in many communities, not the least in those in which controlled water fluoridation has been established. The effects of fluoride on enamel formation causing dental fluorosis in man are cumulative, rather than requiring a specific threshold dose, depending on the total fluoride intake from all sources and the duration of fluoride exposure. Enamel mineralization is highly sensitive to free fluoride ions, which uniquely promote the hydrolysis of acidic precursors such as octacalcium phosphate and precipitation of fluoridated apatite crystals. Once fluoride is incorporated into enamel crystals, the ion likely affects the subsequent mineralization process by reducing the solubility of the mineral and thereby modulating the ionic composition in the fluid surrounding the mineral. In the light of evidence obtained in human and animal studies, it is now most likely that enamel hypomineralization in fluorotic teeth is due predominantly to the aberrant effects of excess fluoride on the rates at which matrix proteins break down and/or the rates at which the by-products from this degradation are withdrawn from the maturing enamel. Any interference with enamel matrix removal could yield retarding effects on the accompanying crystal growth through the maturation stages, resulting in different magnitudes of enamel porosity at the time of tooth eruption. Currently, there is no direct proof that fluoride at micromolar levels affects proliferation and differentiation of enamel organ cells. Fluoride does not seem to affect the production and secretion of enamel matrix proteins and proteases within the dose range causing dental fluorosis in man. Most likely, the fluoride uptake interferes, indirectly, with the protease activities by decreasing free Ca(2+) concentration in the mineralizing milieu. The Ca(2+)-mediated regulation of protease activities is consistent with the in situ observations that (a) enzymatic cleavages of the amelogenins take place only at slow rates through the secretory phase with the limited calcium transport and that, (b) under normal amelogenesis, the amelogenin degradation appears to be accelerated during the transitional and early maturation stages with the increased calcium transport. Since the predominant cariostatic effect of fluoride is not due to its uptake by the enamel during tooth development, it is possible to obtain extensive caries reduction without a concomitant risk of dental fluorosis. Further efforts and research are needed to settle the currently uncertain issues, e.g., the incidence, prevalence, and causes of dental or skeletal fluorosis in relation to all sources of fluoride and the appropriate dose levels and timing of fluoride exposure for prevention and control of dental fluorosis and caries. JF - Critical reviews in oral biology and medicine : an official publication of the American Association of Oral Biologists AU - Aoba, T AU - Fejerskov, O AD - The Nippon Dental University, Department of Pathology, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102, Japan. pathology-ndu@tokyo.ndu.ac.jp Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 155 EP - 170 VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 1045-4411, 1045-4411 KW - Cariostatic Agents KW - 0 KW - Dental Enamel Proteins KW - Fluorides KW - Q80VPU408O KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Dentistry KW - Index Medicus KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Amelogenesis -- drug effects KW - Dental Enamel Proteins -- metabolism KW - Fluorosis, Dental -- etiology KW - Fluorides -- metabolism KW - Fluorides -- toxicity KW - Cariostatic Agents -- metabolism KW - Cariostatic Agents -- toxicity KW - Tooth Calcification -- drug effects KW - Fluorosis, Dental -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71869520?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+reviews+in+oral+biology+and+medicine+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+American+Association+of+Oral+Biologists&rft.atitle=Dental+fluorosis%3A+chemistry+and+biology.&rft.au=Aoba%2C+T%3BFejerskov%2C+O&rft.aulast=Aoba&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+reviews+in+oral+biology+and+medicine+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+American+Association+of+Oral+Biologists&rft.issn=10454411&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-07-28 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A variable region 3 (V3) mutation determines a global neutralization phenotype and CD4-independent infectivity of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope associated with a broadly cross-reactive, primary virus-neutralizing antibody response. AN - 71340747; 11752155 AB - The human serum human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-neutralizing serum 2 (HNS2) neutralizes many primary isolates of different clades of HIV-1, and virus expressing envelope from the same donor, clone R2, is neutralized cross-reactively by HIV-immune human sera. The basis for this cross-reactivity was investigated. It was found that a rare mutation in the proximal limb of variable region 3 (V3), 313-4 PM, caused virus pseudotyped with the R2 envelope to be highly sensitive to neutralization by monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against conformation-sensitive epitopes at the tip of the V3 loop, such as 19b, and moderately sensitive to MAbs against CD4 binding site (CD4bs) and CD4-induced (CD4i) epitopes, soluble CD4 (sCD4), and HNS2. In addition, introduction of this sequence by mutagenesis caused enhanced sensitivity to neutralization by 19b, anti-CD4i MAb, and HNS2 in three other primary HIV-1 envelopes and by anti-CD4bs MAb and sCD4 in one of the three. The 313-4 PM sequence also conferred increased infectivity for CD4(+) CCR5(+) cells and the ability to infect CCR5(+) cells upon all of these four and two of these four HIV-1 envelopes, respectively. Neutralization of R2 by HNS2 was substantially inhibited by the cyclized R2 V3 35-mer synthetic peptide. Similarly, the peptide also had some lesser efficacy in blocking neutralization of R2 by other sera or of neutralization of other primary viruses by HNS2. Together, these results indicate that the unusual V3 mutation in the R2 clone accounts for its uncommon neutralization sensitivity phenotype and its capacity to mediate CD4-independent infection, both of which could relate to immunogenicity and the neutralizing activity of HNS2. This is also the first primary HIV-1 isolate envelope glycoprotein found to be competent for CD4-independent infection. JF - Journal of virology AU - Zhang, Peng Fei AU - Bouma, Peter AU - Park, Eun Ju AU - Margolick, Joseph B AU - Robinson, James E AU - Zolla-Pazner, Susan AU - Flora, Michael N AU - Quinnan, Gerald V AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Biomedical Instrumentation Center, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda 20814, USA. Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - January 2002 SP - 644 EP - 655 VL - 76 IS - 2 SN - 0022-538X, 0022-538X KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Antigens, CD4 KW - DNA, Recombinant KW - Epitopes KW - Gene Products, env KW - HIV Antibodies KW - HIV Antigens KW - Immune Sera KW - Peptide Fragments KW - Index Medicus KW - Epitopes -- genetics KW - Humans KW - Immune Sera -- immunology KW - Cyclization KW - Peptide Fragments -- immunology KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- immunology KW - Peptide Fragments -- chemical synthesis KW - Phenotype KW - Antigens, CD4 -- physiology KW - Peptide Fragments -- chemistry KW - Epitopes -- chemistry KW - Antibody Specificity -- immunology KW - DNA, Recombinant -- genetics KW - Epitopes -- immunology KW - Cell Line KW - Gene Products, env -- chemistry KW - HIV-1 -- genetics KW - HIV-1 -- chemistry KW - HIV-1 -- immunology KW - HIV-1 -- physiology KW - HIV Antigens -- immunology KW - Gene Products, env -- genetics KW - Cross Reactions -- immunology KW - HIV Antibodies -- immunology KW - Neutralization Tests KW - Gene Products, env -- immunology KW - Mutation -- genetics KW - HIV Antigens -- chemistry KW - HIV Antigens -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71340747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+virology&rft.atitle=A+variable+region+3+%28V3%29+mutation+determines+a+global+neutralization+phenotype+and+CD4-independent+infectivity+of+a+human+immunodeficiency+virus+type+1+envelope+associated+with+a+broadly+cross-reactive%2C+primary+virus-neutralizing+antibody+response.&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Peng+Fei%3BBouma%2C+Peter%3BPark%2C+Eun+Ju%3BMargolick%2C+Joseph+B%3BRobinson%2C+James+E%3BZolla-Pazner%2C+Susan%3BFlora%2C+Michael+N%3BQuinnan%2C+Gerald+V&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Peng&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=644&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+virology&rft.issn=0022538X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-01-11 N1 - Date created - 2001-12-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Nat Med. 1998 Jun;4(6):679-84 [9623976] J Virol. 1999 Jul;73(7):5707-13 [10364321] J Pept Res. 1997 Mar;49(3):273-9 [9151261] Biochemistry. 1997 Jul 15;36(28):8619-27 [9214308] Int Immunol. 1997 Sep;9(9):1281-90 [9310831] J Immunol. 1997 Nov 15;159(10):5114-22 [9366441] AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1997 Dec 10;13(18):1549-59 [9430247] J Biomol Struct Dyn. 1997 Dec;15(3):465-71 [9439994] J Virol. 1999 Dec;73(12):10310-9 [10559349] J Virol. 2000 May;74(9):4183-91 [10756031] J Virol. 2000 Aug;74(15):6769-76 [10888615] J Virol. 2001 Mar;75(6):2741-52 [11222697] J Virol. 2001 Jun;75(11):5230-9 [11333905] Am J Epidemiol. 1987 Aug;126(2):310-8 [3300281] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Sep;87(17):6574-8 [2395859] N Engl J Med. 1990 Nov 8;323(19):1312-7 [2120589] J Mol Biol. 1991 Mar 20;218(2):397-412 [2010917] Science. 1991 Oct 4;254(5028):105-8 [1718036] AIDS. 1991 Sep;5(9):1061-70 [1718320] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Nov 15;88(22):10134-7 [1719545] AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Oct;7(10):831-8 [1720630] J Virol. 1992 Mar;66(3):1823-31 [1637373] J Virol. 1992 Dec;66(12):7538-42 [1433529] J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1993 Jan;6(1):7-14 [8417177] J Immunol. 1993 Jan 15;150(2):635-43 [7678279] J Virol. 1993 Jul;67(7):3978-88 [7685405] J Virol. 1994 Jun;68(6):4001-8 [7514683] AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Apr;10(4):359-69 [7520721] J Virol. 1994 Nov;68(11):6994-7000 [7933081] Mol Immunol. 1994 Oct;31(15):1149-60 [7935503] Virology. 1994 Nov 1;204(2):609-15 [7941328] J Virol. 1995 Jan;69(1):122-30 [7527082] J Biol Chem. 1995 Feb 3;270(5):2224-32 [7836454] FEBS Lett. 1995 Jul 17;368(2):267-70 [7543061] AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1995 Jul;11(7):783-7 [7546904] AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1995 Sep;11(9):1095-9 [8554906] AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1996 Sep 20;12(14):1319-28 [8891111] Cell. 1996 Nov 15;87(4):745-56 [8929542] J Mol Biol. 1997 Feb 14;266(1):31-9 [9054968] J Virol. 1997 Apr;71(4):2779-85 [9060632] J Infect Dis. 1997 May;175(5):1056-62 [9129066] AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1998 Feb 10;14(3):213-21 [9491911] J Virol. 1998 Apr;72(4):3235-40 [9525650] AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1998 Jul 20;14(11):939-49 [9686640] J Virol. 1998 Sep;72(9):7099-107 [9696803] J Virol. 1998 Nov;72(11):9384-91 [9765494] J Virol. 1998 Dec;72(12):10270-4 [9811774] Science. 1999 Jan 15;283(5400):357-62 [9888845] J Virol. 1999 May;73(5):4062-73 [10196302] J Reprod Immunol. 1998 Dec;41(1-2):197-211 [10213311] AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Apr 10;15(6):561-70 [10221533] J Virol. 1999 Jun;73(6):5225-30 [10233993] Science. 1998 Jun 19;280(5371):1875-80 [9632379] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Islam and U.S. Foreign Policy toward the Middle East: An Analysis of Survey Data AN - 60655464; 200317283 AB - To contribute to an understanding of whether & how religion influences the way that Lebanese Muslims think about US policy in the Middle East, & at the same time to shed light on politics & religion in the Middle East, this study utilizes comprehensive survey data from Lebanon (N = 262) to examine the degree to which, & the conditions under which, personal religiosity & support for political Islam account for variance in attitudes toward the US policy in the region. The findings reveal a practical distinction between personal & social aspects of Islam on the one hand, & political Islam on the other, with regard to foreign policy. In particular, high investment in political Islam is inversely related to approval of US policy. 5 Tables, 45 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology AU - Haddad, Simon AD - Dept Political Science, Notre-Dame U, Lebanon shaddad@ndu.edu.lb Y1 - 2002///0, PY - 2002 DA - 0, 2002 SP - 323 EP - 341 VL - 8 IS - 4 SN - 1078-1919, 1078-1919 KW - Religion Politics Relationship KW - Islam KW - Religiosity KW - Political Attitudes KW - Lebanon KW - United States of America KW - Foreign Policy KW - Middle East KW - Muslims KW - article KW - 9241: politics and religion; politics and religion KW - 9121: political behavior; political behavior UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60655464?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Peace+and+Conflict%3A+Journal+of+Peace+Psychology&rft.atitle=Islam+and+U.S.+Foreign+Policy+toward+the+Middle+East%3A+An+Analysis+of+Survey+Data&rft.au=Haddad%2C+Simon&rft.aulast=Haddad&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=323&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Peace+and+Conflict%3A+Journal+of+Peace+Psychology&rft.issn=10781919&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lebanon; Muslims; Religiosity; Islam; Religion Politics Relationship; Political Attitudes; United States of America; Foreign Policy; Middle East ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Birth Pangs of the New NATO AN - 60608218; 200207320 AB - A review essay on books by (1) Wesley K. Clark, Waging Modern War (New York: Public Affairs/Perseus Group, 2001); (2) Ted Galen Carpenter [Ed], NATO's Empty Victory: A Postmortem on the Balkan War (Washington, DC: CATO Instit, 2000); & (3) Peter Duignan, NATO: Its Past, Present, and Future (Stanford: Hoover Instit, 2000). The three books consider NATO's attempt to wage war against the Milosevic regime. Clark's memoirs focus on the interaction of policy, strategy, & operational doctrine. He asserts that it is necessary to strike vital enemy centers of gravity in order to break the opponent's will. Nevertheless, Clarke is wrong that gradualism is at the heart of all the problems in contemporary strategy since NATO's Flexible Response did have good effect during the Cold War. Carpenter considers the interplay of policy & democracy in the political systems. Carpenter sees that no good policy results from the Kosovo war, saying that the war could have been averted & no good effects were brought about by waging war. The book enumerates the destructive effects but lacks objectivity. Duignan celebrates 50 years of NATO success. He offers a highly compact history of the organization, its origin, the rising importance of nuclear weapons, & the characteristics of national contributions to security & defense. He also considers Kosovo & hopes that some European force will develop to help in the future. R. Larsen JF - Orbis: A Journal of World Affairs AU - Abenheim, Donald AD - Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - January 2002 SP - 173 EP - 186 VL - 46 IS - 1 SN - 0030-4387, 0030-4387 KW - Kosovo KW - Serbia KW - Western Europe KW - War KW - United States of America KW - International Alliances KW - Foreign Policy KW - Balkan States KW - article KW - 9065: international relations; international institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60608218?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Orbis%3A+A+Journal+of+World+Affairs&rft.atitle=Birth+Pangs+of+the+New+NATO&rft.au=Abenheim%2C+Donald&rft.aulast=Abenheim&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Orbis%3A+A+Journal+of+World+Affairs&rft.issn=00304387&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - International Alliances; Foreign Policy; War; Serbia; Western Europe; United States of America; Balkan States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Netwar Revisited: The Fight for the Future Continues AN - 60606582; 200507425 AB - This work continues to develop the 'netwar' concept that the authors introduced in 1993 & have expanded upon in their various RAND & other writings ever since. Deeper understanding of the nature, strengths, & vulnerabilities of networks will prove useful in combating terrorism & transnational crime, but also in understanding militant social activism, both of the violently disruptive sort & that which aims at fostering the rise of a global civil society. This essay also assesses recent US performance in the terror war, & concludes by raising concerns over the possible rise of a new form of network-based fascism. 1 Table. Adapted from the source document. JF - Low Intensity Conflict & Law Enforcement AU - Arquilla, John AU - Ronfeldt, David F AD - US Naval Postgraduate School Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - January 2002 SP - 178 EP - 189 VL - 11 IS - 2-3 SN - 0966-2847, 0966-2847 KW - Crime KW - Terrorism KW - Fascism KW - United States of America KW - Activism KW - Internet KW - article KW - 9181: politics and communication; politics and communication KW - 9109: politics; political movements/activism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60606582?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Low+Intensity+Conflict+%26+Law+Enforcement&rft.atitle=Netwar+Revisited%3A+The+Fight+for+the+Future+Continues&rft.au=Arquilla%2C+John%3BRonfeldt%2C+David+F&rft.aulast=Arquilla&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=178&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Low+Intensity+Conflict+%26+Law+Enforcement&rft.issn=09662847&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F0966284042000279984 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Internet; Activism; Fascism; Terrorism; Crime; United States of America DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0966284042000279984 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Crisis in Venezuelan Civil-Military Relations: From Punto Fijo to the Fifth Republic AN - 60193578; 200510665 AB - For many people who thought of Venezuela as a consolidated democracy, the 1992 coup attempts came as a complete surprise. Those familiar with the deterioration of its democratic regime, in contrast, were more surprised that the coups did not succeed. This article provides an institution-centered explanation of the puzzle of why the 1992 coup attempts occurred, why they failed, & why the Venezuelan military has remained quiescent in the years that followed. Institutions of civilian control created during the post-1958 "Punto Fijo" period, particularly those based on fragmenting the officer corps, prevented the collapse of the democratic regime in 1992. These same institutions allowed civilians to regain authority over the armed forces during the Rafael Caldera administration & have ensured the subordination of the armed forces to elected authorities to the present. It is also argued that the institutional basis for civilian control has been dismantled during the Fifth Republic, heightening the likelihood of future civil-military conflict & threatening regime stability. 41 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Latin American Research Review AU - Trinkunas, Harold A AD - Dept National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2002///0, PY - 2002 DA - 0, 2002 SP - 41 EP - 76 VL - 37 IS - 1 SN - 0023-8791, 0023-8791 KW - Coups d'Etat KW - Venezuela KW - Democracy KW - Armed Forces KW - Political Power KW - Political Development KW - Military Civilian Relations KW - article KW - 9105: politics; national-level politics KW - 9091: government/political systems; armed forces UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60193578?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Latin+American+Research+Review&rft.atitle=The+Crisis+in+Venezuelan+Civil-Military+Relations%3A+From+Punto+Fijo+to+the+Fifth+Republic&rft.au=Trinkunas%2C+Harold+A&rft.aulast=Trinkunas&rft.aufirst=Harold&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Latin+American+Research+Review&rft.issn=00238791&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-10-30 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Venezuela; Military Civilian Relations; Democracy; Coups d'Etat; Political Development; Political Power; Armed Forces ER - TY - JOUR T1 - "No Bad Stories": The American Media-Military Relationship AN - 60144815; 200302539 AB - Media-military relations have always been rocky; the basic explanation is that the natures & goals of the media & military are fundamentally at odds. Future trends are likely to make these relations more, rather than less, difficult. Nevertheless, the two institutions must recognize that it is in the interests of both to make the relationship work. Adapted from the source document. JF - Naval War College Review AU - Porch, Douglas AD - Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - January 2002 SP - 85 EP - 107 VL - 55 IS - 1 SN - 0028-1484, 0028-1484 KW - Armed Forces KW - Mass Media KW - article KW - 9181: politics and communication; politics and communication KW - 9091: government/political systems; armed forces UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60144815?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Naval+War+College+Review&rft.atitle=%22No+Bad+Stories%22%3A+The+American+Media-Military+Relationship&rft.au=Porch%2C+Douglas&rft.aulast=Porch&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Naval+War+College+Review&rft.issn=00281484&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-10-30 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mass Media; Armed Forces ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bragg scattering of random surface gravity waves by irregular seabed topography AN - 52107453; 2002-042735 JF - Journal of Fluid Mechanics AU - Ardhuin, Fabrice AU - Herbers, T H C Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - January 2002 SP - 1 EP - 33 PB - Cambridge University Press, London VL - 451 SN - 0022-1120, 0022-1120 KW - United States KW - reflection KW - waves KW - scattering KW - prediction KW - measurement KW - wavelength KW - models KW - topography KW - stochastic processes KW - Bragg scattering KW - bottom features KW - North Carolina KW - propagation KW - continental shelf KW - bathymetry KW - ocean floors KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52107453?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Fluid+Mechanics&rft.atitle=Bragg+scattering+of+random+surface+gravity+waves+by+irregular+seabed+topography&rft.au=Ardhuin%2C+Fabrice%3BHerbers%2C+T+H+C&rft.aulast=Ardhuin&rft.aufirst=Fabrice&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=451&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Fluid+Mechanics&rft.issn=00221120&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayJournal?jid=FLM LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JFLSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bathymetry; bottom features; Bragg scattering; continental shelf; measurement; models; North Carolina; ocean floors; prediction; propagation; reflection; scattering; stochastic processes; topography; United States; wavelength; waves ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of the 1997-98 El Nino on seasonal variations in suspended and sinking particles in the Santa Barbara Basin AN - 51543243; 2006-073311 JF - Progress in Oceanography AU - Shipe, R F AU - Passow, U AU - Brzezinski, M A AU - Graham, W M AU - Pak, D K AU - Siegel, D A AU - Alldredge, A L A2 - Chavez, F. P. A2 - Collins, C. A. A2 - Huyer, A. A2 - Mackas, D. L. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 105 EP - 127 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 54 IS - 1-4 SN - 0079-6611, 0079-6611 KW - United States KW - sea water KW - Northeast Pacific KW - suspended materials KW - silicon KW - Santa Barbara Basin KW - nitrogen KW - California KW - El Nino Southern Oscillation KW - sinking fluxes KW - carbon KW - organic nitrogen KW - organic carbon KW - sediment traps KW - East Pacific KW - time series analysis KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - sedimentation KW - geochemical cycle KW - North Pacific KW - Pacific Ocean KW - seasonal variations KW - carbon cycle KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51543243?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+Oceanography&rft.atitle=Effects+of+the+1997-98+El+Nino+on+seasonal+variations+in+suspended+and+sinking+particles+in+the+Santa+Barbara+Basin&rft.au=Shipe%2C+R+F%3BPassow%2C+U%3BBrzezinski%2C+M+A%3BGraham%2C+W+M%3BPak%2C+D+K%3BSiegel%2C+D+A%3BAlldredge%2C+A+L&rft.aulast=Shipe&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Progress+in+Oceanography&rft.issn=00796611&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00796611 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Observations of the 1997-98 El Nino along the west coast of North America N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; carbon; carbon cycle; East Pacific; El Nino Southern Oscillation; geochemical cycle; nitrogen; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; organic carbon; organic nitrogen; Pacific Ocean; Santa Barbara Basin; sea water; seasonal variations; sediment traps; sedimentation; silicon; sinking fluxes; statistical analysis; surface water; suspended materials; time series analysis; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Observations of the 1997-98 El Nino along the west coast of North America AN - 51543063; 2006-073310 JF - Progress in Oceanography A2 - Chavez, F. P. A2 - Collins, C. A. A2 - Huyer, A. A2 - Mackas, D. L. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 511 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 54 IS - 1-4 SN - 0079-6611, 0079-6611 KW - East Pacific KW - North America KW - Northeast Pacific KW - climate change KW - oceanography KW - nutrients KW - El Nino Southern Oscillation KW - thermocline KW - symposia KW - North Pacific KW - Pacific Ocean KW - coastal environment KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51543063?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+Oceanography&rft.atitle=Observations+of+the+1997-98+El+Nino+along+the+west+coast+of+North+America&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Progress+in+Oceanography&rft.issn=00796611&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00796611 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Observations of the 1997-98 El Nino along the west coast of North America N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps, tables N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - climate change; coastal environment; East Pacific; El Nino Southern Oscillation; North America; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; nutrients; oceanography; Pacific Ocean; symposia; thermocline ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preventing HIV infections in children and adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa through integrated care and support activities: a review of the literature AN - 18676184; 5564768 AB - Sub-Saharan Africa has been hit harder by the HIV/AIDS pandemic than any other region of the world, and children under age eighteen represent one-third of all new HIV infections occurring there annually. While HIV prevention efforts targeting youth are well established, few prevention programmes provide comprehensive care and support services. One reason for this is that prevention messages are often targeted only at older adolescents, and care and support activities typically emphasise the needs of younger children. By expanding prevention activities to younger children, and expanding care and support activities to older adolescents, more holistic, and truly integrated programmes can be developed which address the common factors which make children of any age particularly vulnerable to HIV infection, namely: inadequate access to health care and unstable familial and social environments. This paper reviews evidence of the potential impact of care and support activities on HIV prevention among youth, and presents a conceptual framework for the development of comprehensive, effective, integrated HIV/AIDS prevention and care programmes tailored to the specific needs of youth. JF - African Journal of AIDS Research AU - Amon, J J AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda MD 20814, United States of America, jamon@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 143 EP - 149 VL - 1 IS - 2 SN - 1608-5906, 1608-5906 KW - HIV KW - children KW - disease control KW - sexual behavior KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - H 11000:Diseases/Injuries/Trauma KW - V 22005:AIDS: Epidemiological aspects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18676184?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=African+Journal+of+AIDS+Research&rft.atitle=Preventing+HIV+infections+in+children+and+adolescents+in+sub-Saharan+Africa+through+integrated+care+and+support+activities%3A+a+review+of+the+literature&rft.au=Amon%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Amon&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=African+Journal+of+AIDS+Research&rft.issn=16085906&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Host Identification for Strophitus undulatus (Bivalvia: Unionidae), the Creeper, in the Upper Susquehanna River Basin, Pennsylvania AN - 18372218; 5323802 AB - Hosts for Strophitus undulatus (Bivalvia: Unionidae) were identified through laboratory infestations. Strophitus undulatus had a low degree of host specificity, transforming on 15 of 22 species examined, including three non-native species and one anadromous species. Suitable hosts included five cyprinid species, two salmonids, two centrarchids, two percids and Acipenser oxyrhynchus (Atlantic sturgeon), Ameiurus natalis (yellow bullhead), Cottus cognatus (slimy sculpin) and Notophthalmus viridescens viridescens (red-spotted newt). Ten hosts were previously unknown. No metamorphosis was observed in a control treatment without a potential host. Recovery of juveniles occurred 12-41 d after infestation at 13-18 C. Duration of glocidial attachment to the hosts declined with increasing water temperature. JF - American Midland Naturalist AU - Van Snik Gray, E AU - Lellis, WA AU - Cole, J C AU - Johnson, C S AD - U.S. National Park Service, Center for Urban Ecology, 4598 MacArthur Boulevard, N.W., Washington, DC 20007, USA, ellen_gray@nps.gov Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - January 2002 SP - 153 EP - 161 VL - 147 IS - 1 SN - 0003-0031, 0003-0031 KW - Squawfoot KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Rivers KW - Temperature effects KW - Strophitus undulatus KW - Molluscan larvae KW - Developmental stages KW - Hosts KW - Freshwater KW - Host preferences KW - Pisces KW - Freshwater molluscs KW - USA, Pennsylvania KW - Metamorphosis KW - USA, Pennsylvania, Susquehanna R. basin KW - D 04658:Molluscs KW - D 04668:Fish KW - Q1 08264:Reproduction and development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18372218?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Midland+Naturalist&rft.atitle=Host+Identification+for+Strophitus+undulatus+%28Bivalvia%3A+Unionidae%29%2C+the+Creeper%2C+in+the+Upper+Susquehanna+River+Basin%2C+Pennsylvania&rft.au=Van+Snik+Gray%2C+E%3BLellis%2C+WA%3BCole%2C+J+C%3BJohnson%2C+C+S&rft.aulast=Van+Snik+Gray&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=147&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Midland+Naturalist&rft.issn=00030031&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0003-0031%282002%29147%280153%3AHIFSUB%292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Freshwater molluscs; Developmental stages; Molluscan larvae; Metamorphosis; Host preferences; Rivers; Hosts; Pisces; Strophitus undulatus; USA, Pennsylvania; USA, Pennsylvania, Susquehanna R. basin; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0003-0031(2002)147(0153:HIFSUB)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DECOBI: Investigation of melt coolability with bottom coolant injection AN - 18327461; 5385875 AB - This paper describes the results obtained in the DECOBI program at RIT/NPS, which is concerned with the ex-vessel melt coolability by bottom coolant injection through embedded nozzles. Experiments have been performed with metallic simulants as well as with three different binary oxidic simulants, so that a substantial range of coolant melt interaction and its influence on the debris structure has been investigated. Experiments reveal that, through this scheme of coolant injection, the high temperature melt debris, arriving in the containment as a result of vessel failure, can be quenched in a short time. Sufficient porosity is created in the debris so that water flow from the bottom can access the heat generating melt (debris) to cool and stabilize it permanently. Analysis performed, based on the insights gained from the experiments, estimates the amount of porosity that can be obtained with a single nozzle. JF - Progress in Nuclear Energy AU - Paladino, D AU - Theerthan, SA AU - Sehgal, B R AD - Royal Institute of Technology (RIT) Division of Nuclear Power Safety (NPS) Brinellvaegen 60, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden, domenico@ne.kth.se Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 161 EP - 206 VL - 40 IS - 2 SN - 0149-1970, 0149-1970 KW - coolants KW - melt debris structure KW - pressure vessels KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Thermodynamics KW - Temperature KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18327461?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+Nuclear+Energy&rft.atitle=DECOBI%3A+Investigation+of+melt+coolability+with+bottom+coolant+injection&rft.au=Paladino%2C+D%3BTheerthan%2C+SA%3BSehgal%2C+B+R&rft.aulast=Paladino&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Progress+in+Nuclear+Energy&rft.issn=01491970&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Thermodynamics; Nuclear reactors; Temperature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Health Promotion in Active-Duty Military Women with Children AN - 18324075; 5372519 AB - The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which selected demographic characteristics, definition of health, perceived health status, perceived self-efficacy, and resources are related to the health promoting behaviors of active-duty women with children and to describe qualitatively the experience of being an active-duty mother. Grounded in Pender's (1996) Health Promotion Model, this study used methodological triangulation to test a hypothesized model. A sample of 141 active-duty women with children using military health services participated. Resource availability and commitment were key components of being successful at balancing home and work demands. JF - Women & Health AU - Agazio, J G AU - Ephraim, P M AU - Flaherty, N B AU - Gurney, CA AD - Graduate School of Nursing, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA, jagazio@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 65 VL - 35 IS - 1 SN - 0363-0242, 0363-0242 KW - Physical Education Index KW - Health (status) KW - Children KW - Military KW - Health (attitudes) KW - Self efficacy KW - PE 030:Exercise, Health & Physical Fitness UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18324075?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Women+%26+Health&rft.atitle=Health+Promotion+in+Active-Duty+Military+Women+with+Children&rft.au=Agazio%2C+J+G%3BEphraim%2C+P+M%3BFlaherty%2C+N+B%3BGurney%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Agazio&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Women+%26+Health&rft.issn=03630242&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Physical Education Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Health (attitudes); Military; Children; Health (status); Self efficacy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Activation of Shiga toxin type 2d (Stx2d) by elastase involves cleavage of the C-terminal two amino acids of the A sub(2) peptide in the context of the appropriate B pentamer AN - 18275308; 5325161 AB - Shiga toxins (Stx) are potent ribosome-inactivating toxins that are produced by Shigella dysenteriae type 1 or certain strains of Escherichia coli. These toxins are composed of one A subunit that can be nicked and reduced to an enzymatically active A sub(1) ( approximately 27 kDa) and an A sub(2) peptide ( approximately 4 kDa) as well as a pentamer of B subunits ( approximately 7 kDa/monomer) that binds the eukaryotic cell. Purified Shiga toxin type 2d is activated 10- to 1000-fold for Vero cell toxicity by preincubation with mouse or human intestinal mucus or purified mouse elastase, whereas Stx2, Stx2c, Stx2e and Stx1 are not activatable. E. coli strains that produce the activatable Stx2d are more virulent in a streptomycin (str)-treated mouse model of infection [lethal dose 50% (LD sub(50) ) = 10 super(1) ] than are E. coli strains that produce any other type of Stx (LD sub(50) = 10 super(10) ). To identify the element(s) of Stx2d that are required for mucus-mediated activation, toxin genes were constructed such that the expressed mutant toxins consisted of hybrids of Stx2d and Stx1, Stx2 or Stx2e, contained deletions of up to six amino acids from the C-terminus of the A sub(2) of Stx2d or were altered in one or both of the two amino acids of the A sub(2) of Stx2d that represent the only amino acid differences between the activatable Stx2d and the non-activatable Stx2c. Analysis of these mutant toxins revealed that the A sub(2) portion of Stx2d is required for toxin activation and that activation is abrogated if the Stx1 or Stx2e B subunit is substituted for the Stx2d B polypeptide. Furthermore, mass spectrometry performed on buffer- or elastase-treated Stx2d indicated that the A sub(2) peptide of the activated Stx2d was two amino acids smaller than the A sub(2) peptide from buffer-treated Stx2d. This finding, together with the toxin hybrid results, suggests that activation involves B pentamer-dependent cleavage by elastase of the C-terminal two amino acids from the Stx2d A sub(2) peptide. JF - Molecular Microbiology AU - Melton-Celsa, A R AU - Kokai-Kun, J F AU - O'Brien, AD AD - Department of Microbiology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA., aobrien@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - Jan 2002 SP - 207 EP - 215 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 43 IS - 1 SN - 0950-382X, 0950-382X KW - C-terminus KW - amino acids KW - activation KW - Vero cells KW - elastase KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Deletion mutant KW - C-Terminus KW - Ribosomes KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Toxins KW - Shigella dysenteriae KW - Protein structure KW - Escherichia coli KW - Mutation KW - Shiga toxin KW - J 02822:Biosynthesis and physicochemical properties KW - X 24171:Microbial UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18275308?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Activation+of+Shiga+toxin+type+2d+%28Stx2d%29+by+elastase+involves+cleavage+of+the+C-terminal+two+amino+acids+of+the+A+sub%282%29+peptide+in+the+context+of+the+appropriate+B+pentamer&rft.au=Melton-Celsa%2C+A+R%3BKokai-Kun%2C+J+F%3BO%27Brien%2C+AD&rft.aulast=Melton-Celsa&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Microbiology&rft.issn=0950382X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2958.2002.02733.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Shigella dysenteriae; Escherichia coli; Ribosomes; Protein structure; Deletion mutant; Toxins; Shiga toxin; Mass spectroscopy; C-Terminus; Mutation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.02733.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurement Properties of a Self-Report Index of Ergonomic Exposures for Use in an Office Work Environment AN - 18273180; 5328022 AB - Office work-related upper extremity symptoms and disorders have been associated with static work posture, repetition, and inadequate recovery in the anatomic structures of the neck and upper extremities. Despite these associations, relatively little research has been conducted on the development of practical measures of these ergonomic exposures. The present study examines the measurement properties of an upper-extremity-specific self-report index of ergonomic exposures. Ninety-two symptomatic office workers completed a Web-based questionnaire measuring demographic variables, ergonomic exposures, pain, job stress, and functional limitations. Comparisons of internal consistency, construct validity, and discriminative and predictive abilities were made between the self-report index and an observational exposure assessment checklist. Results indicated that the self-report index had acceptable measurement properties. Furthermore, higher levels of self-reported ergonomic exposures were associated with upper extremity pain, symptom severity, and functional limitations. In contrast, higher levels of observed exposure were related only to lower levels of general physical function. The self-report measure has potential for use in occupational health surveillance programs for office work environments and as an outcome measure of ergonomic exposure in intervention trials. These results also suggest the need for using multiple methods when assessing ergonomic exposures. JF - Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine AU - Dane, D AU - Feuerstein, M AU - Huang, G D AU - Dimberg, L AU - Ali, D AU - Lincoln, A AD - Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA, mfeuerstein@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - Jan 2002 SP - 73 EP - 81 VL - 44 IS - 1 SN - 1076-2752, 1076-2752 KW - pain KW - posture KW - upper extremities KW - working conditions KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Ergonomics KW - Occupational health KW - H 10000:Ergonomics/Human Factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18273180?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Occupational+and+Environmental+Medicine&rft.atitle=Measurement+Properties+of+a+Self-Report+Index+of+Ergonomic+Exposures+for+Use+in+an+Office+Work+Environment&rft.au=Dane%2C+D%3BFeuerstein%2C+M%3BHuang%2C+G+D%3BDimberg%2C+L%3BAli%2C+D%3BLincoln%2C+A&rft.aulast=Dane&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Occupational+and+Environmental+Medicine&rft.issn=10762752&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Occupational health; Ergonomics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transfer and commercialisation of contaminated groundwater remediation technologies AN - 16140259; 5470055 AB - High costs and poor performance of conventional groundwater remediation technologies have brought a call for the deployment of innovative technologies capable of attaining regulatory standards while satisfying time and budget constraints. To develop an innovative technology in the laboratory and ultimately transition it to full-scale commercialisation, presents challenges at various levels. Scientific and engineering problems and regulatory and legal issues exist that must be dealt with when moving a technology from the laboratory to the field. Importantly, cost and performance data must be presented in a manner that convinces stakeholders that the technology can accomplish remediation more economically, safely and efficiently than conventional technologies. The challenges of transferring and commercialising innovative groundwater remediation technologies and strategies that may be used to help overcome these challenges, are discussed. Case studies of groundwater remediation technology transfer are presented. JF - International Journal of Technology Transfer and Commercialisation AU - Goltz, M N AU - Williamson, K J AD - Department of Systems and Engineering Management, Air Force Institute of Technology, 2950 P Street, Bldg 640, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433-7765, USA, mark.goltz@afit.edu Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 VL - 1 IS - 4 SN - 1470-6075, 1470-6075 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Engineering KW - Water Pollution Treatment KW - Remediation KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Decontamination KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Technology transfer KW - Technology Transfer KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16140259?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Technology+Transfer+and+Commercialisation&rft.atitle=Transfer+and+commercialisation+of+contaminated+groundwater+remediation+technologies&rft.au=Goltz%2C+M+N%3BWilliamson%2C+K+J&rft.aulast=Goltz&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Technology+Transfer+and+Commercialisation&rft.issn=14706075&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Remediation; Decontamination; Groundwater pollution; Technology transfer; Engineering; Water Pollution Treatment; Groundwater Pollution; Technology Transfer ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Targeted mutagenesis of Smad1 reveals an essential role in chorioallantoic fusion. AN - 72391284; 11784053 AB - The Smad family of intracellular signaling intermediates transduce signals downstream from the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) family of receptor serine threonine kinases. The original member of this family, Smad1, has been shown to mediate signals from receptors for the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), a large group of ligands in the TGF-beta superfamily that mediate important developmental events. We have targeted the Smad1 gene in mice and created mutants null at this locus. Smad1 mutant mice die at approximately 9.5 days postcoitum due to defects in allantois formation. In Smad1 mutant mice, the allantois fails to fuse to the chorion, resulting in a lack of placenta and failure to establish a definitive embryonic circulation. Although vasculogenesis is initiated in the mutant allantois, the vessels formed are disorganized, and VCAM-1 protein, a marker for distal allantois development, is not expressed. Smad1 null fibroblasts are still able to respond to BMP2, however, suggesting that the defect observed in the developing extraembryonic tissue is caused by a very specific loss of transcriptional activity regulated by Smad1. Our data further demonstrate that although highly similar structurally, Smad proteins are not functionally homologous. JF - Developmental biology AU - Lechleider, R J AU - Ryan, J L AU - Garrett, L AU - Eng, C AU - Deng, C AU - Wynshaw-Boris, A AU - Roberts, A B AD - Department of Pharmacology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799, USA. rjl24@georgetown.edu Y1 - 2001/12/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Dec 01 SP - 157 EP - 167 VL - 240 IS - 1 SN - 0012-1606, 0012-1606 KW - DNA Primers KW - 0 KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - Smad Proteins KW - Smad1 Protein KW - Smad1 protein, mouse KW - Trans-Activators KW - Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 KW - Allantoin KW - 344S277G0Z KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 -- genetics KW - Mice KW - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Mutagenesis KW - Base Sequence KW - Blotting, Western KW - In Situ Hybridization KW - Mice, Mutant Strains KW - Female KW - Male KW - Trans-Activators -- genetics KW - Chorion -- physiology KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- genetics KW - Allantoin -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72391284?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Developmental+biology&rft.atitle=Targeted+mutagenesis+of+Smad1+reveals+an+essential+role+in+chorioallantoic+fusion.&rft.au=Lechleider%2C+R+J%3BRyan%2C+J+L%3BGarrett%2C+L%3BEng%2C+C%3BDeng%2C+C%3BWynshaw-Boris%2C+A%3BRoberts%2C+A+B&rft.aulast=Lechleider&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=240&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Developmental+biology&rft.issn=00121606&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-01-24 N1 - Date created - 2002-01-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Psychological effects of biological warfare. AN - 72386497; 11778424 AB - We compare and contrast psychological and behavioral reactions to bioterrorism with responses to the use of traditional and chemical weapons by terrorists. We discuss the characteristics of biological agents that make them potent agents of terror. We suggest strategies for preparation and response to bioterrorism. We reviewed the literature on psychological, behavioral, and social responses to terrorism, natural disasters, and infectious disease outbreaks. The first psychiatric intervention is to ensure good medical care for illness. Initial psychosocial interventions also include effective and accurate risk communication, management of misattribution of somatic symptoms, and the creation of a recovery environment that restores effective social roles and returns people to their usual sources of social support. Bioterrorism presents special challenges for our society. Domestic bioterrorism preparedness and response plans should reflect realistic consideration of psychological, behavioral, and societal reactions to this novel weapon. JF - Military medicine AU - Norwood, A E AU - Holloway, H C AU - Ursano, R J AD - Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress, Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 27 EP - 28 VL - 166 IS - 12 Suppl SN - 0026-4075, 0026-4075 KW - Index Medicus KW - Behavior KW - Humans KW - Disaster Planning KW - Bioterrorism -- psychology KW - Biological Warfare -- psychology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72386497?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Military+medicine&rft.atitle=Psychological+effects+of+biological+warfare.&rft.au=Norwood%2C+A+E%3BHolloway%2C+H+C%3BUrsano%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Norwood&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=166&rft.issue=12+Suppl&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Military+medicine&rft.issn=00264075&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-02-19 N1 - Date created - 2002-01-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Working with low back pain: workplace and individual psychosocial determinants of limited duty and lost time. AN - 72380970; 11757039 AB - Few studies have identified the risk factors associated with lost time in employees working with occupational low back pain (OLBP) despite the presence of pain. Such data could assist in the development of evidenced-based secondary prevention programs. The present investigation was a case-control study (n = 421) of demographic, health behavior, ergonomic, workplace and individual psychosocial factors hypothesized to be associated with lost time in young, full-time employees (i.e., soldiers) with OLBP. Analyses of the burden of OLBP in terms of the number of days on limited duty and lost time status were also computed. Logistic regression analysis indicated that female gender, education beyond HS/GED, longer time working in military, higher levels of daily life worries, no support from others, higher levels of ergonomic exposure, stressful work, increased peer cohesion, and greater perceived effort at work placed a worker at a greater likelihood for OLBP-related lost work time. Lower levels of innovation, involvement, and supervisor support were also associated with lost time. Linear regression indicated that the number of days of lost time and limited duty was associated with lower levels of physical health and higher levels of symptom severity. The results support the potential utility of interventions targeting ergonomic, workplace and individual psychosocial risk factors in secondary prevention. Published 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc JF - American journal of industrial medicine AU - Feuerstein, M AU - Berkowitz, S M AU - Haufler, A J AU - Lopez, M S AU - Huang, G D AD - Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA. mfeuerstein@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 627 EP - 638 VL - 40 IS - 6 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - Index Medicus KW - Psychology KW - Humans KW - Quality of Life KW - Workplace KW - Risk Assessment KW - Logistic Models KW - Risk Factors KW - Military Personnel KW - Adult KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Health Behavior KW - Chronic Disease KW - Female KW - Male KW - Occupational Diseases -- diagnosis KW - Employment -- statistics & numerical data KW - Workload -- standards KW - Workload -- psychology KW - Low Back Pain -- epidemiology KW - Sick Role KW - Occupational Diseases -- psychology KW - Occupational Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Low Back Pain -- psychology KW - Absenteeism KW - Low Back Pain -- diagnosis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72380970?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+industrial+medicine&rft.atitle=Working+with+low+back+pain%3A+workplace+and+individual+psychosocial+determinants+of+limited+duty+and+lost+time.&rft.au=Feuerstein%2C+M%3BBerkowitz%2C+S+M%3BHaufler%2C+A+J%3BLopez%2C+M+S%3BHuang%2C+G+D&rft.aulast=Feuerstein&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=627&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+industrial+medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-01-24 N1 - Date created - 2001-12-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Malignant teratoid medulloepithelioma: clinical-echographic-histopathologic correlation. AN - 72371040; 11753262 AB - Medulloepithelioma is a rare congenital intraocular neoplasm. The authors describe a case involving a 6-year-old girl who presented with leukocoria and an inflamed red eye. The important clinical and histopathologic features of this condition are reviewed in correlation with echographic findings. JF - Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus AU - Lloyd, W C AU - O'Hara, M AD - Ophthalmology Division, Department of Surgery, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 395 EP - 397 VL - 5 IS - 6 SN - 1091-8531, 1091-8531 KW - Index Medicus KW - Eye Enucleation KW - Intraocular Pressure KW - Humans KW - Child KW - Ultrasonography KW - Retinal Detachment -- pathology KW - Visual Acuity KW - Female KW - Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial -- diagnostic imaging KW - Uveal Neoplasms -- diagnostic imaging KW - Ciliary Body -- pathology KW - Uveal Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial -- pathology KW - Ciliary Body -- diagnostic imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72371040?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+AAPOS+%3A+the+official+publication+of+the+American+Association+for+Pediatric+Ophthalmology+and+Strabismus&rft.atitle=Malignant+teratoid+medulloepithelioma%3A+clinical-echographic-histopathologic+correlation.&rft.au=Lloyd%2C+W+C%3BO%27Hara%2C+M&rft.aulast=Lloyd&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=395&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+AAPOS+%3A+the+official+publication+of+the+American+Association+for+Pediatric+Ophthalmology+and+Strabismus&rft.issn=10918531&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-02-25 N1 - Date created - 2001-12-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of gamma and neutron radiation inactivation of influenza A virus. AN - 72225525; 11675143 AB - Radiation inactivation of viral pathogens has potential application in sterilization and in the manufacture of biological reagents, including the production of non-infectious viral antigens. Viral inactivation by gamma radiation has been extensively investigated, but few direct comparisons to other qualities of radiation have been explored. Experiments were designed to examine direct radiation damage by both gamma photons (gamma) and neutrons (n) while minimizing methodological differences. Frozen samples of influenza A X31/H3N2 and PR8/H1N1 were exposed to gamma and n at doses between 0 and 15.6 kGy. Other experimental parameters, including dose-rate, were not varied. Virus titers were determined by tissue culture infectious dose (TCID(50)) and plaque forming unit (PFU) assays. D(10) values, kGy per log reduction, were calculated from these assays. PR8 D(10) values based on PFU assays were approximately 2 and 5 kGy for gamma and n exposures, respectively, and those based on TCID(50) were approximately 6 and 14 kGy. Similar results were obtained for the A/X31 strain. The data demonstrate that gamma was 2-3-fold more effective than n, with a relative biological effectiveness (RBE) range of 0.43-0.65. These neutron results are likely the first reported for a medically relevant virus. PAGE analysis of viral proteins and RNAs failed to show macromolecular damage. D(10) values were found to be similar to a broad summary of previously reported gamma inactivation values for other virus types. The dependence of the magnitudes of D(10) on titer assay in this study suggests that more than one titer method should be used to determine if complete inactivation has occurred. JF - Antiviral research AU - Lowy, R J AU - Vavrina, G A AU - LaBarre, D D AD - Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute/RPT, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD 20889-5603, USA. lowy@afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 261 EP - 273 VL - 52 IS - 3 SN - 0166-3542, 0166-3542 KW - RNA, Viral KW - 0 KW - Viral Proteins KW - Index Medicus KW - Relative Biological Effectiveness KW - Viral Plaque Assay KW - Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel KW - Temperature KW - Viral Proteins -- analysis KW - RNA, Viral -- analysis KW - Neutrons KW - Influenza A virus -- physiology KW - Gamma Rays KW - Influenza A virus -- genetics KW - Influenza A virus -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72225525?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Antiviral+research&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+gamma+and+neutron+radiation+inactivation+of+influenza+A+virus.&rft.au=Lowy%2C+R+J%3BVavrina%2C+G+A%3BLaBarre%2C+D+D&rft.aulast=Lowy&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Antiviral+research&rft.issn=01663542&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-04-25 N1 - Date created - 2001-10-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of the California Undercurrent in the export of denitrified waters from the eastern tropical North Pacific AN - 50150160; 2002-061361 AB - A transect off Point Sur, California (36 degrees 20'N), was occupied bimonthly from April 1988 to May 1990 to resolve spatial and temporal patterns in the physics and chemistry of the California Current system. Alongshore velocity fields and the chemical parameter N* [Gruber and Sarmiento, 1997] show coherence. Subarctic waters, conveyed by the California Current (CC), were characterized by high N* values, while in the region of poleward flow of the California Undercurrent (CU) a minimum of N* (N*< -5 mu mol kg (super -1) ) was observed. Low N* is a signature of denitrification, and its possible sources are considered. The distribution of N* on isopycnal surfaces, using data from the World Ocean Circulation Experiment Hydrographic Programme, suggests that northward advection from the eastern tropical North Pacific by the CU is the primary source of low N*. Local benthic and water column denitrification rates cannot account for the observed values. From nitrate deficits and velocity fields an annual nitrate transport deficit off Point Sur of 4.6 Tg N yr (super -1) was estimated for the study period. Maximum offshore extent of the low N* signal was observed during the upwelling period, probably associated with an expansion of the CU and mixing due to mesoscale eddies detached from it. This mixing propagates the denitrification signal into the CC and the subtropical gyre. When the loss from the poleward flow due to horizontal mixing is calculated, an export out of the eastern tropical North Pacific of 8.3 Tg N yr (super -1) by the CU is estimated. The bulk of the denitrified waters off Point Sur were below 400 m and did not affect primary production in the central California upwelling ecosystem. However, the export of nitrate-deficient waters into the subtropical gyre may play a role in the biogeochemical cycling of this region. Copyright 2001 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Global Biogeochemical Cycles AU - Castro, C G AU - Chavez, F P AU - Collins, C A Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 819 EP - 830 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 15 IS - 4 SN - 0886-6236, 0886-6236 KW - United States KW - East Pacific KW - upwelling KW - ocean circulation KW - California Current KW - Northeast Pacific KW - Point Sur KW - ecosystems KW - salinity KW - hydrochemistry KW - nitrogen KW - geochemical cycle KW - California KW - WOCE data KW - North Pacific KW - denitrification KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Monterey County California KW - subtropical environment KW - seasonal variations KW - nitrate ion KW - geochemistry KW - California Undercurrent KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50150160?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.atitle=Role+of+the+California+Undercurrent+in+the+export+of+denitrified+waters+from+the+eastern+tropical+North+Pacific&rft.au=Castro%2C+C+G%3BChavez%2C+F+P%3BCollins%2C+C+A&rft.aulast=Castro&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=819&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.issn=08866236&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2000GB001324 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gb/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 66 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 plates, 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; California Current; California Undercurrent; denitrification; East Pacific; ecosystems; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; Monterey County California; nitrate ion; nitrogen; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; ocean circulation; Pacific Ocean; Point Sur; salinity; seasonal variations; subtropical environment; United States; upwelling; WOCE data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000GB001324 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vitro resistance of Bacillus anthracis Sterne to doxycycline, macrolides and quinolones AN - 18355951; 5304304 AB - Bacillus anthracis is a potential biological warfare agent. Its ability to develop resistance to antimicrobial agents currently recommended for the treatment of anthrax infection is a major concern. B. anthracis Sterne was grown from a live veterinary vaccine and used it to test for the development of resistance after 21 sequential subcultures in sub-inhibitory concentrations of doxycycline and three quinolones (ciprofloxacin, alatrofloxacin and gatifloxacin) and 15 sequential subcultures in sub-inhibitory concentrations of three macrolides (erythromycin, azithromycin and clarithromycin). After 21 subcultures the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) increased from 0.1 to 1.6 mg/l for ciprofloxacin, from 1.6 to 12.5 mg/l for alatrofloxacin, from 0.025 to 1.6 mg/l for gatifloxacin and from 0.025 to 0.1 mg/l for doxycycline. After 15 passages of sequential subculturing with macrolides, the MICs increased from 12.5 to 12.5 or 50.0 mg/l for azithromycin, from 0.2 to 1.6 or 0.4 mg/l for clarithromycin and from 6.25 to 6.25 or 50 mg/l for erythromycin. After sequential passages with a single quinolone or doxycycline, each isolate was cross-tested for resistance using the other drugs. All isolates selected for resistance to one quinolone were also resistant to the other two quinolones, but not to doxycycline. The doxycycline-resistant isolate was not resistant to any quinolone. JF - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents AU - Brook, I AU - Elliott, T B AU - Pryor, HI II AU - Sautter, TE AU - Gnade, B T AU - Thakar, J H AU - Knudson, G B AD - Radiation Medicine Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD 20889-5603, USA, brook@mx.afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 559 EP - 562 VL - 18 IS - 6 SN - 0924-8579, 0924-8579 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Drug resistance KW - Quinolones KW - Drug sensitivity testing KW - Macrolide antibiotics KW - Bacillus anthracis KW - Clarithromycin KW - Ciprofloxacin KW - Azithromycin KW - Anthrax KW - Minimum inhibitory concentration KW - Gatifloxacin KW - Doxycycline KW - A 01064:Microbial resistance KW - J 02814:Drug resistance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18355951?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Antimicrobial+Agents&rft.atitle=In+vitro+resistance+of+Bacillus+anthracis+Sterne+to+doxycycline%2C+macrolides+and+quinolones&rft.au=Brook%2C+I%3BElliott%2C+T+B%3BPryor%2C+HI+II%3BSautter%2C+TE%3BGnade%2C+B+T%3BThakar%2C+J+H%3BKnudson%2C+G+B&rft.aulast=Brook&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=559&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Antimicrobial+Agents&rft.issn=09248579&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bacillus anthracis; Macrolide antibiotics; Quinolones; Anthrax; Minimum inhibitory concentration; Drug resistance; Drug sensitivity testing; Azithromycin; Doxycycline; Ciprofloxacin; Clarithromycin; Gatifloxacin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adult vs. adolescent rats differ in biobehavioral responses to chronic nicotine administration AN - 18254189; 5317094 AB - More than 90% of smokers begin smoking during adolescence, suggesting that nicotine's actions may differ in adults vs. adolescents in ways that render adolescents vulnerable to smoking initiation. This experiment tested the hypothesis that nicotine's biobehavioral actions differ in adult and adolescent rats. Forty-two male (21 adolescents, 21 adults) and 41 female (21 adolescents, 20 adults) Sprague-Dawley rats were administered saline or 12 mg/kg/day nicotine via osmotic minipump for 21 days. Body weight, feeding, and locomotion (horizontal activity, vertical activity, center time) were measured before, during, and after saline or nicotine administration. Nicotine's effects depended on age and sex. Nicotine reduced body weight and feeding of adult males and females, and of adolescent males, but not of adolescent females. In addition, adolescent males were more sensitive than adults or adolescent females to nicotine's activity-enhancing effects. In cessation, nicotine-exposed adolescent males continued to exhibit greater activity than saline-exposed animals. Results indicate that nicotine's biobehavioral actions differ depending on age and sex. JF - Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior AU - Faraday, M M AU - Elliott, B M AU - Grunberg, N E AD - Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA, mfaraday@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 475 EP - 489 VL - 70 IS - 4 SN - 0091-3057, 0091-3057 KW - adults KW - rats KW - males KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Smoking KW - Behavior KW - Body weight KW - Nicotine KW - Locomotion KW - Adolescence KW - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse KW - Y 25817:Mammals (excluding primates) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18254189?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacology+Biochemistry+and+Behavior&rft.atitle=Adult+vs.+adolescent+rats+differ+in+biobehavioral+responses+to+chronic+nicotine+administration&rft.au=Faraday%2C+M+M%3BElliott%2C+B+M%3BGrunberg%2C+N+E&rft.aulast=Faraday&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=475&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacology+Biochemistry+and+Behavior&rft.issn=00913057&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Body weight; Locomotion; Smoking; Nicotine; Adolescence; Behavior ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pathoadaptive Mutations That Enhance Virulence: Genetic Organization of the cadA Regions of Shigella spp. AN - 18226065; 5288510 AB - Pathoadaptive mutations improve the fitness of pathogenic species by modification of traits that interfere with factors (virulence and ancestral) required for survival in host tissues. A demonstrated pathoadaptive mutation is the loss of lysine decarboxylase (LDC) expression in Shigella species that have evolved from LDC-expressing Escherichia coli. Previous studies demonstrated that the product of LDC activity, cadaverine, blocks the action of Shigella enterotoxins and that the gene encoding LDC, cadA, was abolished by large chromosomal deletions in each Shigella species. To better understand the nature and evolution of these pathoadaptive mutations, remnants of the cad region were sequenced from the four Shigella species. These analyses reveal novel gene arrangements in this region of the pathogens' chromosomes. Insertion sequences, a phage genome, and/or loci from different positions on the ancestral E. coli chromosome displaced the cadA locus to form distinct genetic linkages that are unique to each Shigella species. Hybridization studies, using an E. coli K-12 microarray, indicated that the genes displaced to form the novel linkages still remain in the Shigella genomes. None of these novel gene arrangements were observed in representatives of all E. coli phylogenies. Collectively, these observations indicate that inactivation of the cadA antivirulence gene occurred independently in each Shigella species. The convergent evolution of these pathoadaptive mutations demonstrates that, following evolution from commensal E. coli, strong pressures in host tissues selected Shigella clones with increased fitness and virulence through the loss of an ancestral trait (LDC). These observations strongly support the role of pathoadaptive mutation as an important pathway in the evolution of pathogenic organisms. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Day Jr, WA AU - Fernandez, R E AU - Maurelli, A T AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814-4799., amaurelli@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 7471 EP - 7480 VL - 69 IS - 12 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - cadA gene KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Adaptations KW - Rearrangement KW - Shigella KW - Insertion sequences KW - Virulence KW - Genes KW - Lysine decarboxylase KW - Mutation KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18226065?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Pathoadaptive+Mutations+That+Enhance+Virulence%3A+Genetic+Organization+of+the+cadA+Regions+of+Shigella+spp.&rft.au=Day+Jr%2C+WA%3BFernandez%2C+R+E%3BMaurelli%2C+A+T&rft.aulast=Day+Jr&rft.aufirst=WA&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=7471&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FIAI.69.12.7471-7480.2001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Shigella; Rearrangement; Virulence; Insertion sequences; Adaptations; Lysine decarboxylase; Genes; Mutation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.69.12.7471-7480.2001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - MxiM and MxiJ, Base Elements of the Mxi-Spa Type III Secretion System of Shigella, Interact with and Stabilize the MxiD Secretin in the Cell Envelope AN - 18212217; 5282000 AB - The type III secretion pathway is broadly distributed across many parasitic bacterial genera and serves as a mechanism for delivering effector proteins to eukaryotic cell surface and cytosolic targets. While the effectors, as well as the host responses elicited, differ among type III systems, they all utilize a conserved set of 9 to 11 proteins that together form a bacterial envelope-associated secretory organelle or needle complex. The general structure of the needle complex consists of a transenvelope base containing at least three ring-forming proteins (MxiD, MxiJ, and MxiG in Shigella) that is connected to a hollow needle-like extension that projects away from the cell surface. Several studies have shown that the initial steps in needle complex assembly require interactions among the base proteins, although specific details of this process remain unknown. Here we identify a role for another base element in Shigella, MxiM, in interactions with the major outer-membrane-associated ring-forming protein, MxiD. MxiM affects several features of MxiD, including its stability, envelope association, and assembly into homomultimeric structures. Interestingly, many of the effects were also elicited by the inner-membrane-associated base element, MxiJ. We confirmed that MxiM-MxiD and MxiJ-MxiD interactions occur in vivo in the cell envelope, and we present evidence that together these base elements can form a transmembrane structure which is likely an important intermediary in the process of needle complex assembly. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Schuch, R AU - Maurelli, A T AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799., amaurelli@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 6991 EP - 6998 VL - 183 IS - 24 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - MxiD protein KW - MxiJ protein KW - MxiM protein KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Association analysis KW - Envelopes KW - Outer membranes KW - Shigella KW - Membrane proteins KW - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18212217?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=MxiM+and+MxiJ%2C+Base+Elements+of+the+Mxi-Spa+Type+III+Secretion+System+of+Shigella%2C+Interact+with+and+Stabilize+the+MxiD+Secretin+in+the+Cell+Envelope&rft.au=Schuch%2C+R%3BMaurelli%2C+A+T&rft.aulast=Schuch&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=183&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=6991&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FJB.183.24.6991-6998.2001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Shigella; Envelopes; Outer membranes; Membrane proteins; Association analysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.183.24.6991-6998.2001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A novel human cancer culture model for the study of prostate cancer. AN - 72375909; 11753687 AB - Research into molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying prostate carcinogenesis would be greatly advanced by in vitro models of prostate tumors representing primary tumors. We have successfully established an immortalized human prostate epithelial (HPE) cell culture derived from a primary tumor with telomerase. The actively proliferating early passaged RC-58T cells were transduced through infection with a retrovirus vector expressing the human telomerase catalytic subunit (hTERT). A high level of telomerase was detected in RC-58T/hTERT cells but not RC-58T cells. RC-58T/hTERT cells are currently growing well at passage 50, whereas RC-58T cells senesced at passage 7. RC-58T/hTERT cells exhibit transformed morphology. More importantly, these immortalized cells showed anchorage-independent growth as they formed colonies in soft agar and grew above the agar layer. Expression of androgen-regulated prostate specific gene NKX3.1 and epithelial specific cytokeratin 8 (CK8) but not prostate specific antigen (PSA) and androgen receptor was detected in RC-58T/hTERT cells. Prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) and p16 were also expressed in this cell line. RC-58T/hTERT cells showed growth inhibition when exposed to retinoic acid and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 known potent inhibitors of prostate epithelial cell growth. A number of chromosome alterations were observed including the loss of chromosomes Y, 3p, 10p, 17p, 18q and the gain of chromosomes 16 and 20. These results demonstrate that this primary tumor-derived HPE cell line retained its transformed phenotypes and should allow studies to elucidate molecular and genetic alterations involved in prostate cancer. This is the first documented case of an established human prostate cancer cell line from a primary tumor of a prostate cancer patient with telomerase. JF - Oncogene AU - Yasunaga, Y AU - Nakamura, K AU - Ko, D AU - Srivastava, S AU - Moul, J W AU - Sesterhenn, I A AU - McLeod, D G AU - Rhim, J S AD - Center for Prostate Disease Research, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2001/11/29/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Nov 29 SP - 8036 EP - 8041 VL - 20 IS - 55 SN - 0950-9232, 0950-9232 KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - 0 KW - RNA, Neoplasm KW - TGFB1 protein, human KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta1 KW - Tretinoin KW - 5688UTC01R KW - Agar KW - 9002-18-0 KW - Telomerase KW - EC 2.7.7.49 KW - Index Medicus KW - Karyotyping KW - Tretinoin -- pharmacology KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta -- pharmacology KW - Cell Size KW - Humans KW - Transduction, Genetic KW - Retroviridae -- physiology KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - RNA, Neoplasm -- genetics KW - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Epithelial Cells -- metabolism KW - Epithelial Cells -- enzymology KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Epithelial Cells -- pathology KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Cell Line, Transformed KW - Retroviridae -- genetics KW - Male KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic KW - RNA, Neoplasm -- metabolism KW - Prostatic Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Telomerase -- chemistry KW - Prostatic Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Cell Culture Techniques -- methods KW - Telomerase -- genetics KW - Prostatic Neoplasms -- enzymology KW - Telomerase -- metabolism KW - Models, Biological UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72375909?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oncogene&rft.atitle=A+novel+human+cancer+culture+model+for+the+study+of+prostate+cancer.&rft.au=Yasunaga%2C+Y%3BNakamura%2C+K%3BKo%2C+D%3BSrivastava%2C+S%3BMoul%2C+J+W%3BSesterhenn%2C+I+A%3BMcLeod%2C+D+G%3BRhim%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Yasunaga&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2001-11-29&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=55&rft.spage=8036&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Oncogene&rft.issn=09509232&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-01-10 N1 - Date created - 2001-12-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Post-dexamethasone cortisol correlates with severity of depression before and during carbamazepine treatment in women but not men. AN - 72309546; 11722323 AB - Previous studies show a state-dependent relationship between depression and post-dexamethasone suppression test (DST) cortisol level, as well as differences in DST response with age and gender. In this study, 74 research in-patients with affective disorders were given the DST on placebo and in a subgroup following treatment with carbamazepine. Depression was evaluated twice daily with the Bunney-Hamburg (BH) rating scale. Data were examined for the total subject population, by gender and by menopausal status in women. A robust positive correlation was observed between depression severity and post-DST cortisol in pre- and postmenopausal females, but not in males. This relationship persisted in women when restudied on a stable dose of carbamazepine (n=42). The pathophysiological implications of this selective positive relationship between severity of depression and post-DST cortisol in women, but not men, should be explored further. JF - Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica AU - Osuch, E A AU - Cora-Locatelli, G AU - Frye, M A AU - Huggins, T AU - Kimbrell, T A AU - Ketter, T A AU - Callahan, A M AU - Post, R M AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - November 2001 SP - 397 EP - 401 VL - 104 IS - 5 SN - 0001-690X, 0001-690X KW - Carbamazepine KW - 33CM23913M KW - Dexamethasone KW - 7S5I7G3JQL KW - Hydrocortisone KW - WI4X0X7BPJ KW - Index Medicus KW - Psychiatric Status Rating Scales KW - Sex Factors KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Male KW - Female KW - Bipolar Disorder -- diagnosis KW - Depressive Disorder, Major -- diagnosis KW - Depressive Disorder, Major -- drug therapy KW - Carbamazepine -- adverse effects KW - Bipolar Disorder -- blood KW - Bipolar Disorder -- drug therapy KW - Carbamazepine -- therapeutic use KW - Hydrocortisone -- blood KW - Depressive Disorder, Major -- blood UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72309546?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+psychiatrica+Scandinavica&rft.atitle=Post-dexamethasone+cortisol+correlates+with+severity+of+depression+before+and+during+carbamazepine+treatment+in+women+but+not+men.&rft.au=Osuch%2C+E+A%3BCora-Locatelli%2C+G%3BFrye%2C+M+A%3BHuggins%2C+T%3BKimbrell%2C+T+A%3BKetter%2C+T+A%3BCallahan%2C+A+M%3BPost%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Osuch&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=397&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Acta+psychiatrica+Scandinavica&rft.issn=0001690X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-01-02 N1 - Date created - 2001-11-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Back and upper extremity disorders among enlisted U.S. Marines: burden and individual risk factors. AN - 72308644; 11725313 AB - Although musculoskeletal disorders of the low back and upper extremities can affect military readiness, little is known about their extent and risk factors in the U.S. Marine Corps. Using the Defense Medical Epidemiology and Defense Medical Surveillance System databases, back and upper extremity diagnostic categories were among the top four sources of outpatient visits and duty limitation among enlisted Marines. Back disorders were also found to be the fifth most common cause for lost time. Subsequently, high-risk occupations were identified, age-related trends for clinic visit rates were determined, and rate ratios were computed for the top 15 low back and upper extremity diagnoses among enlisted Marines from 1997 through 1998. Occupational categories with the highest rates of musculoskeletal-related outpatient visits included image interpretation, auditing and accounting, disturbsing, surveillance/target acquisition, and aircraft launch equipment. Significantly increasing linear trends in rates across age groups were found for most diagnoses. For 1998, age-specific rate ratios indicated significantly higher rates for most low back and upper extremity disorders for females; lower rank (i.e., E1-E4) was also a risk, but for fewer diagnoses. The findings emphasize the need to identify modifiable (e.g., work-related, individual) risk factors and to develop focused primary and secondary prevention programs for musculoskeletal disorders in the Marine Corps. Subsequently, these efforts can assist in reducing associated effects, maximizing resource utilization, and enhancing operational readiness. JF - Military medicine AU - Huang, G D AU - Feuerstein, M AU - Arroyo, F AD - Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA. Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - November 2001 SP - 1007 EP - 1017 VL - 166 IS - 11 SN - 0026-4075, 0026-4075 KW - Index Medicus KW - Lumbosacral Region KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Arm KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Musculoskeletal Diseases -- classification KW - Occupational Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Military Personnel -- statistics & numerical data KW - Occupational Diseases -- classification KW - Musculoskeletal Diseases -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72308644?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Military+medicine&rft.atitle=Back+and+upper+extremity+disorders+among+enlisted+U.S.+Marines%3A+burden+and+individual+risk+factors.&rft.au=Huang%2C+G+D%3BFeuerstein%2C+M%3BArroyo%2C+F&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=166&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1007&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Military+medicine&rft.issn=00264075&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-01-02 N1 - Date created - 2001-11-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Histopathological Studies on Virulence of Dipeptidyl Aminopeptidase IV (DPPIV) of Porphyromonas gingivalis in a Mouse Abscess Model: Use of a DPPIV-Deficient Mutant AN - 18220129; 5288460 AB - To elucidate the role of dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV (DPPIV) in the virulence of Porphyromonas gingivalis, mice were infected with either a wild-type strain or a DPPIV-deficient mutant using an abscess model. Histopathological analysis of the resulting lesions indicated that DPPIV participates in virulence through the destruction of connective tissue and the less effective mobilization of inflammatory cells. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Yagishita, H AU - Kumagai, Y AU - Konishi, K AU - Takahashi, Y AU - Aoba, T AU - Yoshikawa, M AD - Department of Microbiology, Nippon Dental University, Fujimi 1-9-20, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan., yumi-mic@tokyo.ndu.ac.jp Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - Nov 2001 SP - 7159 EP - 7161 VL - 69 IS - 11 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - mice KW - dipeptidyl-peptidase IV KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Porphyromonas gingivalis KW - Connective tissues KW - Animal models KW - Histopathology KW - Abscesses KW - Periodontal diseases KW - Virulence KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics KW - J 02844:Dental and oral UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18220129?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Histopathological+Studies+on+Virulence+of+Dipeptidyl+Aminopeptidase+IV+%28DPPIV%29+of+Porphyromonas+gingivalis+in+a+Mouse+Abscess+Model%3A+Use+of+a+DPPIV-Deficient+Mutant&rft.au=Yagishita%2C+H%3BKumagai%2C+Y%3BKonishi%2C+K%3BTakahashi%2C+Y%3BAoba%2C+T%3BYoshikawa%2C+M&rft.aulast=Yagishita&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=7159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FIAI.69.11.7159-7161.2001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Porphyromonas gingivalis; Virulence; Periodontal diseases; Abscesses; Animal models; Histopathology; Connective tissues DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.69.11.7159-7161.2001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Extinction in a field of bullets: a search for causes in the decline of the world's freshwater fishes AN - 18181410; 5206109 AB - Because human actions alter the physical nature of aquatic ecosystems similarly worldwide, the extinction risk among many freshwater fishes that share particular life-history traits may also be similar. Determining whether taxonomic selectivity, the preferential loss (or persistence) of certain species groups, exists among the world's freshwater fish families is then a key step in predicting future species declines and triaging future conservation efforts. We use binomial statistics to look for taxonomic patterns among the world's freshwater fish families currently at risk of extinction. Families are identified as being at risk of extinction if at least one species within a given family is classified as either extinct or at risk of extinction by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature's Redlist of Threatened Animals. Eighteen freshwater families have more threatened species than expected if extinction risk was evenly distributed across all families. Next, we use a series of chi-squared analyses to determine if various family-level characteristics (e.g. geographic distribution, body length, habitat preference, etc.) produce this taxonomic pattern. We find that families that inhabit well-studied regions of the world contain more threatened species. However, we find no indication of a unifying set of extinction-promoting biological or ecological traits that contribute to extinction risk among freshwater families. A possible explanation for this discrepancy is that aquatic alterations worldwide are so severe that extinction is being driven by extrinsic rather than intrinsic factors. JF - Biological Conservation AU - Duncan, J R AU - Lockwood, J L AD - National Park Service, Rivers, Trails, and Conservation Assistance Program, 424 Georgia Ave. Ste. 2B, Chattanooga, TN 37403, USA, jeff_duncan@nps.gov Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - Nov 2001 SP - 97 EP - 105 VL - 102 IS - 1 SN - 0006-3207, 0006-3207 KW - Population decline KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Inland waters KW - Extinction KW - Freshwater environments KW - World Inland Waters KW - Rare species KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Pisces KW - Literature reviews KW - Reviews KW - Nature conservation KW - Species extinction KW - Mortality causes KW - Population number KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - Q1 08341:General KW - D 04705:Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18181410?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Conservation&rft.atitle=Extinction+in+a+field+of+bullets%3A+a+search+for+causes+in+the+decline+of+the+world%27s+freshwater+fishes&rft.au=Duncan%2C+J+R%3BLockwood%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Duncan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Conservation&rft.issn=00063207&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0006-3207%2801%2900077-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inland waters; Literature reviews; Nature conservation; Rare species; Freshwater fish; Mortality causes; Species extinction; Population number; Extinction; Freshwater environments; Reviews; Population decline; Pisces; World Inland Waters; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3207(01)00077-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of the Structural Gene for the TDP-Fuc4NAc:Lipid II Fuc4NAc Transferase Involved in Synthesis of Enterobacterial Common Antigen in Escherichia coli K-12 AN - 18123517; 5208317 AB - The polysaccharide chains of enterobacterial common antigen (ECA) are comprised of the trisaccharide repeat unit Fuc4NAc-ManNAcA-GlcNAc, where Fuc4NAc is 4-acetamido-4,6-dideoxy-D-galactose, ManNAcA is N-acetyl-D-mannosaminuronic acid, and GlcNAc is N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. Individual trisaccharide repeat units are assembled as undecaprenyl-linked intermediates in a sequence of reactions that culminate in the transfer of Fuc4NAc from TDP-Fuc4NAc to ManNAcA-GlcNAc-pyrophosphorylundecaprenol (lipid II) to yield Fuc4NAc-ManNAcA-GlcNAc-pyrophosphorylundecaprenol (lipid III), the donor of trisaccharide repeat units for ECA polysaccharide chain elongation. Most of the genes known to be involved in ECA assembly are located in the wec gene cluster located at ca. 85.4 min on the Escherichia coli chromosome. The available data suggest that the structural gene for the TDP-Fuc4NAc:lipid II Fuc4NAc transferase also resides in the wec gene cluster; however, the location of this gene has not been unequivocally defined. Previous characterization of the nucleotide sequence of the wec gene cluster in the region between o416 and wecG revealed that it contained three open reading frames: o74, o204, and o450. In contrast, the results of experiments described in the current investigation revealed that it contains only two open reading frames, o359 and o450. Mutants of E. coli possessing null mutations in o359 were unable to synthesize ECA, and they accumulated lipid II. In addition, the in vitro incorporation of [H]FucNAc from TDP-[H]Fuc4NAc into lipid II was not observed in reaction mixtures using cell extracts obtained from these mutants as a source of enzyme. The ECA-negative phenotype of these mutants was complemented by plasmid constructs containing the wild-type o359 allele, and Fuc4NAc transferase activity was demonstrated by using cell extracts obtained from the complemented mutants. Furthermore, partially purified o359 gene product, expressed as recombinant C-terminal His-tagged protein, was able to catalyze the in vitro transfer of [H]Fuc4NAc from TDP-[H]Fuc4NAc to lipid II. Our data support the conclusion that o359 of the wec gene cluster of E. coli is the structural gene for the TDP-Fuc4NAc:lipid II Fuc4NAc transferase involved in the synthesis ECA trisaccharide repeat units. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Rahman, A AU - Barr, K AU - Rick, P D AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814-4799., rickp@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - Nov 2001 SP - 6509 EP - 6516 VL - 183 IS - 22 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - ECA antigen KW - o359 gene KW - transferase KW - wec gene KW - wecG gene KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Lipids KW - Polysaccharides KW - Repeated sequence KW - Antigens KW - Gene clusters KW - Escherichia coli KW - Gene mapping KW - J 02832:Antigenic properties and virulence KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18123517?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=Identification+of+the+Structural+Gene+for+the+TDP-Fuc4NAc%3ALipid+II+Fuc4NAc+Transferase+Involved+in+Synthesis+of+Enterobacterial+Common+Antigen+in+Escherichia+coli+K-12&rft.au=Rahman%2C+A%3BBarr%2C+K%3BRick%2C+P+D&rft.aulast=Rahman&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=183&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=6509&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FJB.183.22.6509-6516.2001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; Lipids; Gene clusters; Polysaccharides; Repeated sequence; Gene mapping; Antigens DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.183.22.6509-6516.2001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Zinc-Thiolate Intermediate in Catalysis of Methyl Group Transfer in Methanosarcina barkeri AN - 1791885493; 5446745 AB - Methyl group transfer reactions are essential in methane-forming pathways in all methanogens. The involvement of zinc in catalysis of methyl group transfer was studied for the methyltransferase enzyme MT2-A important for methanogenesis in Methanosarcina barkeri growing on methylamines. Zinc was shown to be required for MT2-A activity and was tightly bound by the enzyme with an apparent stability constant of 1013.7 at pH 7.2. Oxidation was a factor influencing activity and metal stoichiometry of purified MT2-A preparations. Methods were developed to produce inactive apo MT2-A and to restore full activity with stoichiometric reincorporation of Zn super(2+). Reconstitution with Co super(2+) yielded an enzyme with 16-fold higher specific activity. Cysteine thiolate coordination in Co super(2+)-MT2-A was indicated by high absorptivity in the 300-400 nm charge transfer region, consistent with more than one thiolate ligand at the metal center. Approximate tetrahedral geometry was indicated by strong d-d transition absorbance centered at 622 nm. EXAFS analyses of Zn super(2+)-MT2-A revealed 2S + 2N/O coordination with evidence for involvement of histidine. Interaction with the substrate CoM (2-mercaptoethanesulfonic acid) resulted in replacement of the second N/O group with S, indicating direct coordination of the CoM thiolate. UV-visible spectroscopy of Co super(2+)-MT2-A in the presence of CoM also showed formation of an additional metal-thiolate bond. Binding of CoM over the range of pH 6.2-7.7 obeyed a model in which metal-thiolate formation occurs separately from H+ release from the enzyme-substrate complex. Proton release to the solvent takes place from a group with apparent pKa of 6.4, and no evidence for metal-thiolate protonation was found. It was determined that substrate metal-thiolate bond formation occurs with a G' of -6.7 kcal/mol and is a major thermodynamic driving force in the overall process of methyl group transfer. JF - Biochemistry (Washington) AU - Gencic, S AU - LeClerc, G M AU - Gorlatova, N AU - Peariso, K AU - Penner-Hahn, JE AU - Grahame, JE AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799 Y1 - 2001/10/30/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Oct 30 SP - 13068 EP - 13078 PB - American Chemical Society, P.O. Box 182426 Columbus OH 43218-2426 USA, [mailto:service@acs.org] VL - 40 IS - 43 SN - 0006-2960, 0006-2960 KW - double prime MT2-A protein KW - thiolate KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Cobalt KW - Zinc KW - Methanosarcina barkeri KW - Methanogenic archaea KW - Methanogenesis KW - J 02728:Enzymes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1791885493?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.atitle=Zinc-Thiolate+Intermediate+in+Catalysis+of+Methyl+Group+Transfer+in+Methanosarcina+barkeri&rft.au=Gencic%2C+S%3BLeClerc%2C+G+M%3BGorlatova%2C+N%3BPeariso%2C+K%3BPenner-Hahn%2C+JE%3BGrahame%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Gencic&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-10-30&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=43&rft.spage=13068&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.issn=00062960&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fbi0112917S0006-2960%2801%2901291-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cobalt; Zinc; Methanogenic archaea; Methanogenesis; Methanosarcina barkeri DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi0112917S0006-2960(01)01291-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reinventing the programmatic and legal basis of food safety: the Wyoming experience. AN - 72207356; 11605326 AB - On March 13, 2000, the governor of Wyoming signed into law a comprehensive farm-to-table food safety statute. The new law collected all food safety requirements into a single statute and consolidated food inspection activities in the Wyoming Department of Agriculture. A sweeping reform of state food safety programs eliminated the cumbersome patchwork of laws that legislators had been amending for a century. To accomplish this formidable task, Governor Jim Geringer had authorized the formation of the Wyoming Food Safety Task Force in 1997. The task force comprised local, state, and federal government agencies; legislators; the University of Wyoming; and segments of private industry. Using a strategic-planning process to build consensus, the task force developed a new system that was unanimously supported. This unified approach contributed to the success of the legislative effort. JF - Journal of environmental health AU - Higgins, C AU - Leis, L AD - National Park Service/Intermountain Region, 12795 W. Alameda Pkwy., Lakewood, CO 80228, USA. charles_higgins@nps.gov Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 51 EP - 54 VL - 64 IS - 3 SN - 0022-0892, 0022-0892 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals, Domestic KW - Wyoming KW - Policy Making KW - Animals KW - Public Health KW - Interinstitutional Relations KW - Humans KW - Food Contamination -- prevention & control KW - Food Industry -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Food Contamination -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Public Policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72207356?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Reinventing+the+programmatic+and+legal+basis+of+food+safety%3A+the+Wyoming+experience.&rft.au=Higgins%2C+C%3BLeis%2C+L&rft.aulast=Higgins&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+health&rft.issn=00220892&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-02-05 N1 - Date created - 2001-10-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transplants of NGF-secreting fibroblasts restore stimulus-evoked activity in barrel cortex of basal-forebrain-lesioned rats. AN - 72201161; 11600663 AB - Cholinergic nuclei in the basal forebrain supply the cerebral cortex with acetylcholine (ACh). Depletion of cholinergic fibers following basal forebrain lesion results in reduced stimulus-evoked functional activity in rat barrel cortex in response to whisker stimulation. We showed previously that exogenous delivery of nerve growth factor (NGF) to the lateral ventricle restores reduced functional activity toward normal despite persistent reductions in cortical cholinergic activity. Gene transfer of therapeutic peptides using genetically engineered cells allows for localized and biological delivery of compounds to the CNS, circumventing systemic administration or repetitive invasive surgery. In this study, we grafted genetically engineered fibroblasts that secrete NGF (NGF+) into three CNS loci of rats with unilateral basal forebrain lesions, along with control fibroblasts (NGF-) that did not secrete NGF. Only NGF+ fibroblasts grafted into ACh-depleted somatosensory cortex resulted in improvement of functional activity following cholinergic depletion. NGF+ fibroblast transplants into the lateral ventricle or basal forebrain did not improve functional activity nor did NGF- fibroblasts in any site. Similar to our previous experiments using intraventricular NGF injections, despite improvements in functional activity, the affected barrel cortex remained depleted of acetylcholinesterase-stained fibers following insertion of NGF+ fibroblasts. These data support the idea that NGF can act directly on the cerebral cortex following reductions in cholinergic innervation. The mechanism of NGF action is elusive, however, since the presence of its high-affinity receptor, trkA, in the cerebral cortex is controversial. JF - Journal of neurophysiology AU - Rahimi, O AU - Juliano, S L AD - Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA. Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 2081 EP - 2096 VL - 86 IS - 4 SN - 0022-3077, 0022-3077 KW - Antimetabolites KW - 0 KW - Immunotoxins KW - Nerve Growth Factor KW - 9061-61-4 KW - Deoxyglucose KW - 9G2MP84A8W KW - Acetylcholinesterase KW - EC 3.1.1.7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Lateral Ventricles KW - Animals KW - Cholinergic Fibers -- enzymology KW - Genetic Engineering KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Recovery of Function KW - Prosencephalon -- physiopathology KW - Electrophysiology KW - Denervation KW - Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Acetylcholinesterase -- metabolism KW - Antimetabolites -- pharmacokinetics KW - Neurons -- cytology KW - Vibrissae -- physiology KW - Deoxyglucose -- pharmacokinetics KW - Female KW - Fibroblasts -- secretion KW - Somatosensory Cortex -- physiology KW - Fibroblasts -- transplantation KW - Nerve Growth Factor -- secretion KW - Fibroblasts -- cytology KW - Somatosensory Cortex -- surgery KW - Nerve Growth Factor -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72201161?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+neurophysiology&rft.atitle=Transplants+of+NGF-secreting+fibroblasts+restore+stimulus-evoked+activity+in+barrel+cortex+of+basal-forebrain-lesioned+rats.&rft.au=Rahimi%2C+O%3BJuliano%2C+S+L&rft.aulast=Rahimi&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2081&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+neurophysiology&rft.issn=00223077&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-04 N1 - Date created - 2001-10-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - What Is New about the New Terrorism and How Dangerous Is It? AN - 60577564; 200207267 AB - The "new terrorism" is said to be more networked, ad hoc, lethal, & dangerous than the old. This assessment of these claims concludes that terrorism currently differs little from its previous manifestations, except for the somewhat increased likelihood that a chemical, biological, nuclear or radiological weapon might be used by terrorists. This does not necessarily mean that terrorism is more dangerous than it was. The critical factor in assessing the threat posed by terrorism is whether it is used strategically. 1 Table. Adapted from the source document. JF - Terrorism and Political Violence AU - Tucker, David AD - Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 1 EP - 14 VL - 13 IS - 3 SN - 0954-6553, 0954-6553 KW - Terrorism KW - Threat KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60577564?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Terrorism+and+Political+Violence&rft.atitle=What+Is+New+about+the+New+Terrorism+and+How+Dangerous+Is+It%3F&rft.au=Tucker%2C+David&rft.aulast=Tucker&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Terrorism+and+Political+Violence&rft.issn=09546553&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Terrorism; Threat ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Site fidelity, philopatry, and survival of promiscuous saltmarsh sharp-tailed sparrows in Rhode Island AN - 18267860; 5323142 AB - We investigated site fidelity and apparent survival in a promiscuous population of Saltmarsh Sharp-tailed Sparrows (Ammodramus caudacutus) in southern Rhode Island. Based on capture-recapture histories of 446 color-banded sparrows studied from 1993 to 1998 at our primary study site, Galilee, we observed significant variation in apparent survival rates among years, but not between sexes. Return rates of adult males (37.6%) and females (35.6%) were not significantly different during any year. Juveniles exhibited high return rates, ranging from 0 to 44%, with males (61% of returns) more likely to return than females (35%). In addition, we monitored movements of 404 color-banded sparrows at nine satellite marshes in 1997 and 1998, which supported our findings at Galilee and documented intermarsh movements by 10% of all banded birds. Lack of gender-bias in adult dispersal and strong natal philopatry of sparrows in Rhode Island occurs regularly among passerines possessing a variety of mating systems. Despite emancipation from parental and resource defense duties, adult male Saltmarsh Sharp-tailed Sparrows exhibited apparent survival rates similar to adult females. Availability of high-quality breeding habitat, which is patchy and saturated, may be the most important factor limiting dispersal for Saltmarsh Sharp-tailed Sparrows in Rhode Island. JF - Auk AU - DiQuinzio, DA AU - Paton, PWC AU - Eddleman, W R AD - National Park Service, Boston Support Office, 15 State Street, Boston, MA 02109, USA, deb_diquinzio@nps.gov Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 888 EP - 899 PB - [URL:http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract &issn=0004-8038&volume=118&page=888] VL - 118 IS - 4 SN - 0004-8038, 0004-8038 KW - Salt-marsh Sharp-tailed sparrow KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - USA, Rhode Island KW - Survival KW - Site fidelity KW - Salt marshes KW - Dispersal KW - Ammodramus caudacutus KW - D 04671:Birds KW - Y 25656:Birds UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18267860?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Auk&rft.atitle=Site+fidelity%2C+philopatry%2C+and+survival+of+promiscuous+saltmarsh+sharp-tailed+sparrows+in+Rhode+Island&rft.au=DiQuinzio%2C+DA%3BPaton%2C+PWC%3BEddleman%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=DiQuinzio&rft.aufirst=DA&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=118&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=888&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Auk&rft.issn=00048038&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0004-8038%282001%29118%280888%3ASFPASO%292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ammodramus caudacutus; USA, Rhode Island; Site fidelity; Survival; Salt marshes; Dispersal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0004-8038(2001)118(0888:SFPASO)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cytotoxic Necrotizing Factor Type 1-Positive Escherichia coli Causes Increased Inflammation and Tissue Damage to the Prostate in a Rat Prostatitis Model AN - 18096091; 5174649 AB - Infection of rat prostates with cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 1 (CNF1)- positive uropathogenic Escherichia coli caused more inflammation-mediated morphological and histological tissue damage than did infection with isogenic CNF1-negative mutants. These striking differences occurred despite the finding that bacterial counts for the strain pairs were indistinguishable. We conclude that CNF1 contributes to E. coli virulence in a model of acute prostatitis. To our knowledge, the results of this study provide the first demonstration of a role for any uropathogenic E. coli virulence factor in acute prostatitis. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Rippere-Lampe, KE AU - Lang, M AU - Ceri, H AU - Olson, M AU - Lockman, HA AU - O'Brien, AD AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, USUHS, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814., aobrien@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 6515 EP - 6519 VL - 69 IS - 10 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - animal models KW - rats KW - cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Virulence KW - Prostatitis KW - Histology KW - Urinary tract diseases KW - Escherichia coli KW - Inflammation KW - J 02847:Genitourinary tract UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18096091?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Cytotoxic+Necrotizing+Factor+Type+1-Positive+Escherichia+coli+Causes+Increased+Inflammation+and+Tissue+Damage+to+the+Prostate+in+a+Rat+Prostatitis+Model&rft.au=Rippere-Lampe%2C+KE%3BLang%2C+M%3BCeri%2C+H%3BOlson%2C+M%3BLockman%2C+HA%3BO%27Brien%2C+AD&rft.aulast=Rippere-Lampe&rft.aufirst=KE&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=6515&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FIAI.69.10.6515-6519.2001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; Inflammation; Urinary tract diseases; Prostatitis; Histology; Virulence DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.69.10.6515-6519.2001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial distribution of tropospheric ozone in national parks of California: interpretation of passive-sampler data. AN - 71380036; 12806065 AB - The National Park Service (NPS) has tested and used passive ozone samplers for several years to get baseline values for parks and to determine the spatial variability within parks. Experience has shown that the Ogawa passive samplers can provide +/-10% accuracy when used with a quality assurance program consisting of blanks, duplicates, collocated instrumentation, and a standard operating procedure that carefully guides site operators. Although the passive device does not meet EPA criteria as a certified method (mainly, that hourly values be measured), it does provide seasonal summed values of ozone. The seasonal ozone concentrations from the passive devices can be compared to other monitoring to determine baseline values, trends, and spatial variations. This point is illustrated with some kriged interpolation maps of ozone statistics. Passive ozone samplers were used to get elevational gradients and spatial distributions of ozone within a park. This was done in varying degrees at Mount Rainier, Olympic, Sequoia-Kings Canyon, Yosemite, Joshua Tree, Rocky Mountain, and Great Smoky Mountains national parks. The ozone has been found to vary by factors of 2 and 3 within a park when average ozone is compared between locations. Specific examples of the spatial distributions of ozone in three parks within California are given using interpolation maps. Positive aspects and limitations of the passive sampling approach are presented. JF - TheScientificWorldJournal AU - Ray, J D AD - National Park Service, Air Resources Division, 12795 W. Alameda Parkway, P.O. Box 25287, Denver, CO 80225-0287, USA. john_d_ray@nps.gov Y1 - 2001/09/28/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Sep 28 SP - 483 EP - 497 VL - 1 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - California KW - Equipment Design KW - Altitude KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Trees KW - Seasons KW - Diffusion KW - Geography KW - Ozone -- analysis KW - Air Pollution -- analysis KW - Atmosphere -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Environmental Monitoring -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71380036?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TheScientificWorldJournal&rft.atitle=Spatial+distribution+of+tropospheric+ozone+in+national+parks+of+California%3A+interpretation+of+passive-sampler+data.&rft.au=Ray%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Ray&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-09-28&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=483&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=TheScientificWorldJournal&rft.issn=1537-744X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-03-30 N1 - Date created - 2003-06-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxins as weapons of mass destruction. A comparison and contrast with biological-warfare and chemical-warfare agents. AN - 71196636; 11577702 AB - Toxins are toxic chemical compounds synthesized in nature by living organisms. Classifiable by molecular weight, source, preferred targets in the body, and mechanism of action, they include the most potent poisons on the planet, although considerations of production, weaponization, delivery, environmental stability, and host factors place practical limits on their use as WMD. The two most important toxin threats on the battlefield or in bioterrorism are probably botulinum toxin (a series of seven serotypes, of which botulinum toxin A is the most toxic for humans) and SEB, an incapacitating toxin. Ricin and the trichothecene mycotoxins, including T-2 mycotoxin, are of lesser concern but are still potential threats. Botulinum toxin is a neurotoxin, ricin and trichothecene mycotoxins are membrane-damaging proteins, and SEB is a superantigen capable of massive nonspecific activation of the immune system. The clinical intoxications resulting from exposure to and absorption (usually by inhalation) of these agents reflect their underlying pathophysiology. Because of the hybrid nature of toxins, they have sometimes been considered CW agents and sometimes BW agents. The current trend seems to be to emphasize their similarities to living organisms and their differences from CW agents, but examination of all three groups relative to a number of factors reveals both similarities and differences between toxins and each of the other two categories of non-nuclear unconventional WMD. The perspective that groups toxins with BW agents is logical and very useful for research and development and for administrative and treaty applications, but for medical education and casualty assessment, there are real advantages in clinician use of assessment techniques that emphasize the physicochemical behavior of these nonliving, nonreplicating, intransmissible chemical poisons. JF - Clinics in laboratory medicine AU - Madsen, J M AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, National Capital Consortium Residency in Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. jmmadsen@mail.com Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - September 2001 SP - 593 EP - 605 VL - 21 IS - 3 SN - 0272-2712, 0272-2712 KW - Chemical Warfare Agents KW - 0 KW - Toxins, Biological KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Chemical Warfare Agents -- pharmacokinetics KW - Toxins, Biological -- pharmacokinetics KW - Biological Warfare -- methods KW - Chemical Warfare KW - Chemical Warfare Agents -- adverse effects KW - Toxins, Biological -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71196636?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinics+in+laboratory+medicine&rft.atitle=Toxins+as+weapons+of+mass+destruction.+A+comparison+and+contrast+with+biological-warfare+and+chemical-warfare+agents.&rft.au=Madsen%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Madsen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=593&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinics+in+laboratory+medicine&rft.issn=02722712&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-02-15 N1 - Date created - 2001-09-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Chinese Cult of Defense AN - 60574125; 200207216 AB - The People's Republic of China (PRC) has been identified as a looming strategic threat. Considerable attention has been given to China's assertive rhetoric & militant behavior. Beijing has been depicted as increasingly belligerent over the past decade, a perception in direct conflict with earlier images of China. Ancient China usually is portrayed as possessing a weak martial tradition, a cultural predisposition to seek nonviolent solutions to problems of statecraft, & a defensive-mindedness, favoring sturdy fortifications over expansionism & invasion. Hence the question: Is China a peaceful, defensive-minded power or a bellicose, expansionist state? Has China become more belligerent in recent years? How can contemporary depictions of a bellicose China be reconciles with earlier portrayals of a dominant pacifist tradition? This article contends that existing depictions of China's strategic culture are flawed. China's strategic disposition cannot accurately be characterized as either pacifist or bellicose. The country rather has a dualistic strategic culture. The two main strands are a Confucian-Mencian one, which can be described as conflict-averse & defensive-minded, & a Realpolitik one, which can be described as favoring military solutions & being offensive-oriented. Both strands are operative & both influence & combine in dialectic fashion to produce a "Chinese Cult of Defense." This cult paradoxically predisposes Chinese leaders to pursue offensive military operations as a primary alternative in pursuit of national goals, while rationalizing these actions as being purely defensive & last resort. 95 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Issues & Studies AU - Scobell, Andrew Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - September 2001 SP - 100 EP - 127 VL - 37 IS - 5 SN - 1013-2511, 1013-2511 KW - defense policy KW - Peoples Republic of China KW - International Relations KW - Foreign Policy KW - Aggression KW - National Security KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60574125?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Issues+%26+Studies&rft.atitle=The+Chinese+Cult+of+Defense&rft.au=Scobell%2C+Andrew&rft.aulast=Scobell&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=100&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Issues+%26+Studies&rft.issn=10132511&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Peoples Republic of China; National Security; International Relations; Aggression; Foreign Policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-term follow-up after exertional heat illness during recruit training AN - 18215292; 5280888 AB - To evaluate long-term susceptibility to subsequent serious exertional heat illness (EHI) in military recruits who suffered exertional heat illness during basic training. We identified Marine Corps members who completed at least 6 months of military service and suffered EHI treated as outpatients (N = 872) or inpatients (N = 50) during basic training in 1979-1991 at the Parris Island Marine Corps Recruit Depot, SC (EHI cases). We compared them to 1391 similar members (noncases) who did not experience EHI during basic training. These subjects were followed from 6 months after accession into the military through the subsequent 4 yr. Follow-up was through military personnel records to determine retention and military hospital databases to determine subsequent hospitalizations during military service. Military retention rates were slightly lower for those who suffered EHI during basic training, compared with those who did not (24% vs 30% at 4 yr, respectively). Outpatient EHI cases also had about 40% higher subsequent hospitalization rates in military hospitals than noncases during their continued military service, although these differences declined over time and diagnoses showed little relationship to EHI. EHI cases had higher rates of subsequent hospitalization for EHI, but the number was too small (five hospitalizations) to provide stable comparisons. Hospitalization for EHI is uncommon during subsequent military service after an initial episode during basic training, and occurrence of EHI during basic training has only a small impact on subsequent military retention and hospitalization. JF - Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise AU - Phinney, L T AU - Gardner, J W AU - Kark, JA AU - Wenger, C B AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - Sep 2001 SP - 1443 EP - 1448 VL - 33 IS - 9 SN - 0195-9131, 0195-9131 KW - Physical Education Index KW - Training (programs) KW - Exertion KW - Military KW - Heat stress KW - PE 090:Sports Medicine & Exercise Sport Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18215292?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Medicine+%26+Science+in+Sports+%26+Exercise&rft.atitle=Long-term+follow-up+after+exertional+heat+illness+during+recruit+training&rft.au=Phinney%2C+L+T%3BGardner%2C+J+W%3BKark%2C+JA%3BWenger%2C+C+B&rft.aulast=Phinney&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1443&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Medicine+%26+Science+in+Sports+%26+Exercise&rft.issn=01959131&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Physical Education Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Military; Training (programs); Heat stress; Exertion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A review of ensemble forecasting techniques with a focus on tropical cyclone forecasting AN - 18193924; 5219915 AB - This paper presents a general review of ensemble forecasting techniques, with a focus on short-range and tropical cyclone predictions. The basic ideas and terminology of ensemble forecasting are introduced, and using four measures to evaluate an ensemble (ensemble mean forecast, consistency, spread versus skill, and inclusiveness), various potential utilities (e.g. dynamical probabilistic forecasts) are illustrated. Since the perturbation methodologies designed for medium-range forecasts of mid-latitude synoptic-scale systems - singular vectors, bred modes, and so on - are already quite mature, they are only briefly described here. The general problems encountered in applying ensemble forecasting techniques to short-range and tropical cyclone forecasts are diagnosed, and some recent studies on these topics reviewed. In general, the perturbation methodologies used for short-range ensembles to date can have a skill comparable to or slightly higher than their corresponding high-resolution control forecast. However, the complicated problem of the relationship between initial condition errors and model deficiencies persists. A similar situation also applies to ensembles designed for tropical cyclone forecasting. An additional difficulty is the different error characteristics encountered in the tropics, mainly the result of the strong convection in the area and the mutual interaction with the ocean. Studies from several research groups use quite different perturbation methodologies, but the results are encouraging. Most of them performed ensemble forecasting of tropical cyclone motion, but extensions to tropical cyclone intensity forecasts are also being developed. JF - Meteorological Applications AU - Cheung, KKW AD - Department of Meteorology, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA 93943, USA Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - September 2001 SP - 315 EP - 332 VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 1350-4827, 1350-4827 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Cyclones KW - Prediction KW - Weather KW - Ensemble forecasting techniques KW - Tropical Regions KW - Weather Forecasting KW - Errors KW - Storms KW - Tropical cyclone forecasting KW - Hurricanes KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Reviews KW - Meteorology KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - M2 551.509.327:Tropical cyclones, hurricanes, typhoons, tornadoes (551.509.327) KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18193924?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Meteorological+Applications&rft.atitle=A+review+of+ensemble+forecasting+techniques+with+a+focus+on+tropical+cyclone+forecasting&rft.au=Cheung%2C+KKW&rft.aulast=Cheung&rft.aufirst=KKW&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=315&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Meteorological+Applications&rft.issn=13504827&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Weather; Hurricanes; Meteorology; Storms; Tropical cyclone forecasting; Ensemble forecasting techniques; Cyclones; Performance Evaluation; Reviews; Weather Forecasting; Tropical Regions; Errors ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Absence of All Components of the Flagellar Export and Synthesis Machinery Differentially Alters Virulence of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium in Models of Typhoid Fever, Survival in Macrophages, Tissue Culture Invasiveness, and Calf Enterocolitis AN - 17921681; 5157359 AB - In this study, we constructed an flhD (the master flagellar regulator gene) mutant of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and compared the virulence of the strain to that of the wild-type strain in a series of assays that included the mouse model of typhoid fever, the mouse macrophage survival assay, an intestinal epithelial cell adherence and invasion assay, and the calf model of enterocolitis. We found that the flhD mutant was more virulent than its parent in the mouse and displayed slightly faster net growth between 4 and 24 h of infection in mouse macrophages. Conversely, the flhD mutant exhibited diminished invasiveness for human and mouse intestinal epithelial cells, as well as a reduced capacity to induce fluid secretion and evoke a polymorphonuclear leukocyte response in the calf ligated-loop assay. These findings, taken with the results from virulence assessment assays done on an fljB fliC mutant of serovar Typhimurium that does not produce flagellin but does synthesize the flagellar secretory apparatus, indicate that neither the presence of flagella (as previously reported) nor the synthesis of the flagellar export machinery are necessary for pathogenicity of the organism in the mouse. Conversely, the presence of flagella is required for the full invasive potential of the bacterium in tissue culture and for the influx of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the calf intestine, while the flagellar secretory components are also necessary for the induction of maximum fluid secretion in that enterocolitis model. A corollary to this conclusion is that, as has previously been surmised but not demonstrated in a comparative investigation of the same mutant strains, the mouse systemic infection and macrophage assays measure aspects of virulence different from those of the tissue culture invasion assay, and the latter is more predictive of findings in the calf enterocolitis model. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Schmitt, C K AU - Ikeda, J S AU - Darnell, S C AU - Watson, PR AU - Bispham, J AU - Wallis, T S AU - Weinstein, D L AU - Metcalf, E S AU - O'Brien, AD AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814., aobrien@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - Sep 2001 SP - 5619 EP - 5625 VL - 69 IS - 9 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - mice KW - cattle KW - flhD gene KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Macrophages KW - Leukocytes (polymorphonuclear) KW - Animal models KW - Tissue culture KW - Enterocolitis KW - Mutants KW - Virulence KW - Salmonella enterica KW - Typhoid fever KW - Flagella KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics KW - J 02846:Gastrointestinal tract UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17921681?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Absence+of+All+Components+of+the+Flagellar+Export+and+Synthesis+Machinery+Differentially+Alters+Virulence+of+Salmonella+enterica+Serovar+Typhimurium+in+Models+of+Typhoid+Fever%2C+Survival+in+Macrophages%2C+Tissue+Culture+Invasiveness%2C+and+Calf+Enterocolitis&rft.au=Schmitt%2C+C+K%3BIkeda%2C+J+S%3BDarnell%2C+S+C%3BWatson%2C+PR%3BBispham%2C+J%3BWallis%2C+T+S%3BWeinstein%2C+D+L%3BMetcalf%2C+E+S%3BO%27Brien%2C+AD&rft.aulast=Schmitt&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=5619&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FIAI.69.9.5619-5625.2001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Salmonella enterica; Virulence; Macrophages; Typhoid fever; Leukocytes (polymorphonuclear); Tissue culture; Flagella; Animal models; Enterocolitis; Mutants DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.69.9.5619-5625.2001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inter-reserve distance AN - 17916294; 5151752 AB - Since the mid-1970s, reserve planners have been advised to locate reserves in close proximity to facilitate biotic migration. The alternative, putting great distance between reserves as a safeguard against catastrophe or long-standing chronic degradation forces, has received little discussion. The demise of a population can be caused by both natural and anthropogenic agents and the latter, including poaching and global warming, could be the bigger threat. Reserves sharing biotic components, whether close together or far apart, have advantages as well as costs. We need to consider whether the result of adopting the proximate reserve design guideline to preserve maximum species number will contribute to the potential extinction or extirpation of some rare flagship species? Should such extinctions occur, will society be understanding of science-based advise? Current conservation dogma that claims reserves should be located in close proximity demands more scrutiny because that choice may be tested this century. JF - Biological Conservation AU - Shafer, CL AD - Natural Resources, Stewardship and Science, National Park Service 1849 C St. NW, Washington, DC 20240, USA, craig_shafer@nps.gov Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 215 EP - 227 VL - 100 IS - 2 SN - 0006-3207, 0006-3207 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Planning KW - Nature conservation KW - Nature reserves KW - Disturbance KW - D 04890:Planning/development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17916294?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Conservation&rft.atitle=Inter-reserve+distance&rft.au=Shafer%2C+CL&rft.aulast=Shafer&rft.aufirst=CL&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Conservation&rft.issn=00063207&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nature reserves; Planning; Nature conservation; Disturbance ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biological effects of embedded depleted uranium (DU): summary of Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute research AN - 18097283; 5171327 AB - The Persian Gulf War resulted in injuries of US Coalition personnel by fragments of depleted uranium (DU). Fragments not immediately threatening the health of the individuals were allowed to remain in place, based on long-standing treatment protocols designed for other kinds metal shrapnel injuries. However, questions were soon raised as to whether this approach is appropriate for a metal with the unique radiological and toxicological properties of DU. The Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute (AFRRI) is investigating health effects of embedded fragments of DU to determine whether current surgical fragment removal policies remain appropriate for this metal. These studies employ rodents implanted with DU pellets as well as cultured human cells exposed to DU compounds. Results indicate uranium from implanted DU fragments distributed to tissues far-removed from implantation sites, including bone, kidney, muscle, and liver. Despite levels of uranium in the kidney that were nephrotoxic after acute exposure, no histological or functional kidney toxicity was observed. However, results suggest the need for further studies of long-term health impact, since DU was found to be mutagenic, and it transformed human osteoblast cells to a tumorigenic phenotype. It also altered neurophysiological parameters in rat hippocampus, crossed the placental barrier, and entered fetal tissue. This report summarizes AFRRI's depleted uranium research to date. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - McClain, DE AU - Benson, KA AU - Dalton, T K AU - Ejnik, J AU - Emond, CA AU - Hodge, S J AU - Kalinich, J F AU - Landauer, MA AU - Miller, A C AU - Pellmar, T C AU - Stewart, MD AU - Villa, V AU - Xu, J AD - Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD 20889-5603, USA, mcclain@mx.afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2001/07/02/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jul 02 SP - 115 EP - 118 VL - 274 IS - 1-3 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - rodents KW - depleted uranium KW - man KW - cell culture KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Implants KW - Uranium KW - Military KW - Occupational exposure KW - Muscles KW - Bone KW - Kidney KW - Liver KW - Radioisotopes KW - Research programs KW - R2 23020:Technological risks KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - X 24210:Radiation & radioactive materials KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18097283?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Biological+effects+of+embedded+depleted+uranium+%28DU%29%3A+summary+of+Armed+Forces+Radiobiology+Research+Institute+research&rft.au=McClain%2C+DE%3BBenson%2C+KA%3BDalton%2C+T+K%3BEjnik%2C+J%3BEmond%2C+CA%3BHodge%2C+S+J%3BKalinich%2C+J+F%3BLandauer%2C+MA%3BMiller%2C+A+C%3BPellmar%2C+T+C%3BStewart%2C+MD%3BVilla%2C+V%3BXu%2C+J&rft.aulast=McClain&rft.aufirst=DE&rft.date=2001-07-02&rft.volume=274&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Thematic Issue: Toxicology and Risk Assessment Approaches. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Military; Occupational exposure; Research programs; Radioisotopes; Liver; Uranium; Implants; Bone; Muscles; Kidney ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Low-protein diet suppresses serum insulin-like growth factor-1 and decelerates the progression of growth hormone-induced glomerulosclerosis. AN - 71098337; 11509807 AB - A low-protein (LP) diet has been associated with amelioration of renal function in glomerulosclerosis (GS). However, the mechanisms involved are still unclear. We have used a mouse transgenic for bovine growth hormone (GH), which develops progressive GS and exhibits consistently elevated levels of circulating GH and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, to study the effect of dietary protein restriction. LP (6% protein) and normal-protein (NP, 20% protein) diets were maintained for 30 weeks in mice with established GS of mild/moderate degree. The degree of GS was markedly attenuated in LP compared to NP mice. Quantitative analysis revealed a significantly lower GS index (1.4 +/- 0.9 in LP vs. 2.8 +/- 0.8 in NP) and glomerular volume (0.8 x 10(6) +/- 0.1 x 10(6) microm(3) in LP vs. 1.2 x 10(6) +/- 0.1 x 10(6) microm(3) in NP) in mice with restricted protein intake. These morphologic changes were accompanied by a significant reduction in renal expression of alpha(1) type-IV collagen (2.4-fold) and tenascin (1.4-fold) in LP mice. Serum IGF-1 decreased by 40% and showed a significant correlation with alpha(1) type-IV collagen expression with the LP diet. The present finding supports the use of the LP diet to decelerate the progression of GS and furthermore suggests that one of the mechanisms involved in this process is the GH/IGF-1 regulation by protein intake. Copyright 2001 S. Karger AG, Basel JF - American journal of nephrology AU - Doi, S Q AU - Rasaiah, S AU - Tack, I AU - Mysore, J AU - Kopchick, J J AU - Moore, J AU - Hirszel, P AU - Striker, L J AU - Striker, G E AD - Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. sdoi@usuhs,mil PY - 2001 SP - 331 EP - 339 VL - 21 IS - 4 SN - 0250-8095, 0250-8095 KW - Insulin-Like Growth Factor I KW - 67763-96-6 KW - Growth Hormone KW - 9002-72-6 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Mice KW - Mice, Transgenic KW - Female KW - Diet, Protein-Restricted KW - Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental -- chemically induced KW - Insulin-Like Growth Factor I -- metabolism KW - Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental -- diet therapy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71098337?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+nephrology&rft.atitle=Low-protein+diet+suppresses+serum+insulin-like+growth+factor-1+and+decelerates+the+progression+of+growth+hormone-induced+glomerulosclerosis.&rft.au=Doi%2C+S+Q%3BRasaiah%2C+S%3BTack%2C+I%3BMysore%2C+J%3BKopchick%2C+J+J%3BMoore%2C+J%3BHirszel%2C+P%3BStriker%2C+L+J%3BStriker%2C+G+E&rft.aulast=Doi&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=331&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+nephrology&rft.issn=02508095&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-10-11 N1 - Date created - 2001-08-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The future of hormesis: what is the clinical relevance to hormesis? AN - 71093539; 11504192 JF - Critical reviews in toxicology AU - Jonas, W B AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Family Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA. wjonas@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - July 2001 SP - 655 EP - 658 VL - 31 IS - 4-5 SN - 1040-8444, 1040-8444 KW - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal KW - 0 KW - Heat-Shock Proteins KW - Metals, Heavy KW - Cadmium KW - 00BH33GNGH KW - Aspirin KW - R16CO5Y76E KW - Index Medicus KW - Heat Stress Disorders KW - Apoptosis KW - Humans KW - Heat-Shock Proteins -- biosynthesis KW - Inflammation KW - Metals, Heavy -- adverse effects KW - Cadmium -- pharmacology KW - Cadmium -- adverse effects KW - Central Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Central Nervous System -- pathology KW - Adaptation, Physiological KW - Toxicology KW - Radiation Injuries KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Homeostasis -- physiology KW - Homeostasis -- drug effects KW - Aspirin -- pharmacology KW - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71093539?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+reviews+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=The+future+of+hormesis%3A+what+is+the+clinical+relevance+to+hormesis%3F&rft.au=Jonas%2C+W+B&rft.aulast=Jonas&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=4-5&rft.spage=655&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+reviews+in+toxicology&rft.issn=10408444&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-19 N1 - Date created - 2001-08-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tests of Buffergel for contraception and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases in animal models. AN - 71014815; 11460027 AB - BufferGel is a novel spermicidal and microbicidal gel formulated to maintain the natural protective acidity of the vagina by acidifying semen, which otherwise alkalinizes the vagina. To test the efficacy of BufferGel for preventing sexually transmitted infections and pregnancy in animal models. Animals were challenged with pathogens or sperm after pretreatment with both test and control agents, or after no pretreatment, then evaluated for infection or pregnancy using standard methods. BufferGel provided significant contraceptive efficacy in the rabbit, and significant protection against vaginal and rectal transmission of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) in the mouse, vaginal transmission of Chlamydia trachomatis in the mouse, and skin transmission of cottontail rabbit papillomavirus in the rabbit. It did not protect against vaginal transmission of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the mouse. The protective efficacy of BufferGel in five of the six animal models suggests that this microbicide warrants clinical evaluation for both contraception and disease prevention. JF - Sexually transmitted diseases AU - Zeitlin, L AU - Hoen, T E AU - Achilles, S L AU - Hegarty, T A AU - Jerse, A E AU - Kreider, J W AU - Olmsted, S S AU - Whaley, K J AU - Cone, R A AU - Moench, T R AD - ReProtect, LLC and The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 21286, USA. Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - July 2001 SP - 417 EP - 423 VL - 28 IS - 7 SN - 0148-5717, 0148-5717 KW - Acrylic Resins KW - 0 KW - Antiviral Agents KW - BufferGel KW - Gels KW - Spermatocidal Agents KW - Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Herpes Genitalis -- transmission KW - Papillomavirus Infections -- transmission KW - Chlamydia trachomatis KW - Cottontail rabbit papillomavirus KW - Rabbits KW - Mice KW - Administration, Rectal KW - Papillomavirus Infections -- prevention & control KW - Gonorrhea -- prevention & control KW - Tumor Virus Infections -- transmission KW - Gonorrhea -- transmission KW - Herpes Genitalis -- prevention & control KW - Administration, Intravaginal KW - Tumor Virus Infections -- prevention & control KW - Drug Evaluation, Preclinical KW - Chlamydia Infections -- transmission KW - Chlamydia Infections -- prevention & control KW - Antiviral Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Spermatocidal Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Sexually Transmitted Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Sexually Transmitted Diseases -- transmission UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71014815?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sexually+transmitted+diseases&rft.atitle=Tests+of+Buffergel+for+contraception+and+prevention+of+sexually+transmitted+diseases+in+animal+models.&rft.au=Zeitlin%2C+L%3BHoen%2C+T+E%3BAchilles%2C+S+L%3BHegarty%2C+T+A%3BJerse%2C+A+E%3BKreider%2C+J+W%3BOlmsted%2C+S+S%3BWhaley%2C+K+J%3BCone%2C+R+A%3BMoench%2C+T+R&rft.aulast=Zeitlin&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=417&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sexually+transmitted+diseases&rft.issn=01485717&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-08-30 N1 - Date created - 2001-07-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - France's Commitment to Nuclear Deterrence AN - 60569651; 200200968 AB - Nuclear weapons have become associated with national independence & security against another world war &, more broadly, with de Gaulle's successful efforts to restore France's honor & international status. The French generally deem nuclear weapons an insurance policy in an uncertain & unstable world, & a guarantee of France's political & strategic autonomy. Despite intermittent & apparently growing concerns about nuclear-reactor safety & nuclear-waste disposal problems, & aside from the minor political parties, the consensus behind nuclear deterrence in France remains remarkably robust. Adapted from the source document. JF - Comparative Strategy AU - Yost, David S AD - Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - July 2001 SP - 251 EP - 258 VL - 20 IS - 3 SN - 0149-5933, 0149-5933 KW - security policy KW - France KW - Deterrence KW - Nuclear Weapons KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60569651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Comparative+Strategy&rft.atitle=France%27s+Commitment+to+Nuclear+Deterrence&rft.au=Yost%2C+David+S&rft.aulast=Yost&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Comparative+Strategy&rft.issn=01495933&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nuclear Weapons; France; Deterrence ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Russia's Non-Strategic Nuclear Forces AN - 60550126; 200114008 AB - Several factors explain the high level of support for non-strategic nuclear forces (NSNF) in Russia & the correspondingly limited interest in NSNF arms control. These include Russia's conventional military weakness, NATO's conventional military superiority, political assessments that portray NATO as threatening to Russia, & the several important functions assigned to Russia's nuclear weapons & to NSNF in particular by Russian military doctrine & policy. The Russians have made it clear that they attach great importance to NSNF in a number of ways: in their preoccupations during the NATO-Russia Founding Act negotiations in 1996-7; in their recent military exercises; in their decisions regarding NSNF modernization; in their lack of transparency in implementing their 1991-2 commitments to reduce & eliminate certain types of NSNF; & in their discussions about possibly abandoning certain nuclear arms control commitments. Russian interests in using NSNF to deter powers other than NATO (such as the People's Republic of China), to substitute for advanced non-nuclear precision-strike systems, & to "de-escalate" regional conflicts (among other functions attributed to NSNF) would not be modified by the course of action some observers have advocated -- a unilateral withdrawal of US NSNF from Europe. Such a withdrawal would, however, damage the Western alliance's security interests. NATO has adopted the most practical objective currently available: pursuing greater transparency regarding NSNF in the NATO-Russia Permanent Joint Council. Adapted from the source document. JF - International Affairs AU - Yost, David S AD - US Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - July 2001 SP - 531 EP - 551 VL - 77 IS - 3 SN - 0020-5850, 0020-5850 KW - Disarmament KW - International Relations KW - International Alliances KW - Russia KW - Nuclear Weapons KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60550126?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Affairs&rft.atitle=Russia%27s+Non-Strategic+Nuclear+Forces&rft.au=Yost%2C+David+S&rft.aulast=Yost&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=531&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Affairs&rft.issn=00205850&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Russia; Nuclear Weapons; Disarmament; International Alliances; International Relations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Women in Combat Units: It's Still a Bad Idea AN - 60139764; 200216345 AB - Five leading arguments for the integration of women into US combat units are challenged. Reasons for the push to integrate women into formerly all-male units are reviewed, & it is argued that the underlying concern is more about rewards than any larger issues of equal rights & responsibilities. Differences between men & women -- both biological & socially induced -- are reconsidered, highlighting their impacts on cohesion, teamwork, & everyday relations in combat situations. It is argued that, through no intent or action of the parties involved, & despite efforts on both sides to avoid it, women inevitably alter the chemistry of all-male groups. The experiences of combat soldiers & veterans & their opinions on working alongside women are reviewed. It is suggested that, in line with democratic principles, women should be allowed to serve experimentally in small numbers of combat units, & that the outcomes of such trials should guide future policy. K. Hyatt Stewart JF - Parameters: U.S. Army War College Quarterly AU - Simons, Anna AD - Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - July 2001 SP - 89 EP - 100 VL - 31 IS - 2 SN - 0031-1723, 0031-1723 KW - Occupational Segregation KW - Professional Women KW - War KW - Opposite Sex Relations KW - Employment Opportunities KW - Employment Discrimination KW - Military Service KW - Armed Forces KW - Sexism KW - article KW - 9221: politics and society; politics and society KW - 9091: government/political systems; armed forces UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60139764?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Parameters%3A+U.S.+Army+War+College+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Women+in+Combat+Units%3A+It%27s+Still+a+Bad+Idea&rft.au=Simons%2C+Anna&rft.aulast=Simons&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Parameters%3A+U.S.+Army+War+College+Quarterly&rft.issn=00311723&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-10-30 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Military Service; Opposite Sex Relations; Professional Women; War; Sexism; Employment Discrimination; Occupational Segregation; Employment Opportunities; Armed Forces ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Public beliefs about the preventability of unintentional injury deaths AN - 17902354; 5149437 AB - This report is based upon the results of a national random digit dialed telephone survey in which 943 adults were queried. Subjects reported the proportion of deaths due to motor vehicle crashes, falls, fires/burns, drowning and poisoning that they felt were preventable. On average, respondents believed that 56% of 'fatal accidents' were preventable; as were 62% of motor vehicle crash deaths, 53% of fall deaths, 67% of drownings, 62% of fire/burn fatalities and 70% of accidental poisonings. Logistic regression models predicting preventability beliefs differed according to the type of injury event in question, but socio-economic status and perceived alcohol involvement were positive predictors of beliefs related to all of the injuries under study. The ramifications of these findings and future research directions are discussed. JF - Accident Analysis & Prevention AU - Girasek, D C AD - Department of Preventive Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA, dgirasek@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - Jul 2001 SP - 455 EP - 465 VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 0001-4575, 0001-4575 KW - drowning KW - falls KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Burns KW - Alcohol KW - Fires KW - Motor vehicles KW - Poisoning KW - Socioeconomics KW - Accidents KW - H 11000:Diseases/Injuries/Trauma UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17902354?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Accident+Analysis+%26+Prevention&rft.atitle=Public+beliefs+about+the+preventability+of+unintentional+injury+deaths&rft.au=Girasek%2C+D+C&rft.aulast=Girasek&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=455&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Accident+Analysis+%26+Prevention&rft.issn=00014575&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Accidents; Fires; Burns; Motor vehicles; Poisoning; Alcohol; Socioeconomics ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Backward fokker-planck equation for determination of model predictability with uncertain initial errors AN - 39394795; 3602406 AU - Chu, P C AU - Ivanov, L M Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 1200:Aquatic Science KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39394795?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Backward+fokker-planck+equation+for+determination+of+model+predictability+with+uncertain+initial+errors&rft.au=Chu%2C+P+C%3BIvanov%2C+L+M&rft.aulast=Chu&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St., Boston, MA 02108-3693, USA; URL: www.ametsoc.org. Poster Paper No. P1.9 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 5,5-Diaryl-2-amino-4-pentenoates as novel, potent, and selective glycine transporter type-2 reuptake inhibitors. AN - 70889641; 11378357 AB - A novel series of 5,5-diaryl-2-amino-4-pentenoates was synthesized and found to be potent and selective glycine transporter type-2 reuptake inhibitors. JF - Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters AU - Isaac, M AU - Slassi, A AU - Silva, K D AU - Arora, J AU - MacLean, N AU - Hung, B AU - McCallum, K AD - NPS Pharmaceuticals Inc., 6850 Goreway Drive, L4V 1V7, Mississauga, ON, Canada. misaac@npsallelix.com Y1 - 2001/06/04/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 04 SP - 1371 EP - 1373 VL - 11 IS - 11 SN - 0960-894X, 0960-894X KW - Alkenes KW - 0 KW - Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral KW - Antimetabolites KW - Carrier Proteins KW - Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins KW - Index Medicus KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Antimetabolites -- pharmacology KW - Alkenes -- pharmacology KW - Alkenes -- chemistry KW - Alkenes -- chemical synthesis KW - Carrier Proteins -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Antimetabolites -- chemical synthesis KW - Antimetabolites -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70889641?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioorganic+%26+medicinal+chemistry+letters&rft.atitle=5%2C5-Diaryl-2-amino-4-pentenoates+as+novel%2C+potent%2C+and+selective+glycine+transporter+type-2+reuptake+inhibitors.&rft.au=Isaac%2C+M%3BSlassi%2C+A%3BSilva%2C+K+D%3BArora%2C+J%3BMacLean%2C+N%3BHung%2C+B%3BMcCallum%2C+K&rft.aulast=Isaac&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-06-04&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1371&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioorganic+%26+medicinal+chemistry+letters&rft.issn=0960894X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-09-06 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A modal Pritchard approximation for computing array element mutual impedance. AN - 85363045; pmid-11425114 AB - An investigation into the applicability and accuracy of Pritchard's approximation for closely packed transducer arrays is undertaken. A new, "modal" Pritchard approximation is developed, based upon normal modes of the acoustic medium, and is tested for arrays of acoustically hard spheres to ascertain its accuracy in determining the mutual acoustic radiation impedance between array elements. For ka approximately 1, it is found that the modal Pritchard approximation works quite well in approximating the mutual radiation impedance of a two-element array, even for relatively close spacing; but for arrays of three or more scatterers in close proximity the approximation may have relatively large errors. The effect of neglecting inter-element scattering is analyzed for the monopole-to-monopole scattering of various configurations of a three-element array and a sixteen-element double line array. JF - The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America AU - Scandrett, C L AU - Day, J L AU - Baker, S R AD - Department of Mathematics, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California 93943, USA. Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - Jun 2001 SP - 2715 EP - 2729 VL - 109 IS - 6 SN - 0001-4966, 0001-4966 KW - National Library of Medicine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85363045?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=A+modal+Pritchard+approximation+for+computing+array+element+mutual+impedance.&rft.au=Scandrett%2C+C+L%3BDay%2C+J+L%3BBaker%2C+S+R&rft.aulast=Scandrett&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2715&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00014966&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English (eng) DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2011-12-15 N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of buprenorphine on immunogenicity and protective efficacy in the guinea pig keratoconjunctivitis model (Sereny test). AN - 71326124; 11924776 AB - Shigellosis is a disease of global proportions, with an estimated 164.7 million episodes annually throughout the world as well as an estimated 1.1 million associated mortalities in developing countries. Due to increasing incidence, and continued emergence of multi-drug resistant strains, Shigella vaccine development is considered a top public health priority. The guinea pig keratoconjunctivitis model, the basis for the Sereny test, remains the most reliable in vivo indicator of virulence of Shigella strains and immunogenicity and protective efficacy of Shigella vaccine candidates. The model is effective in evaluating the ability of Shigella strains to invade the corneal epithelia of guinea pigs and spread to contiguous cells, with the more virulent strains causing ulcerative keratoconjunctivitis. However, analgesia is not routinely used to relieve this painful condition because of potential immunomodulation and confounding of experimental results. The objective of the study reported here was to evaluate use of buprenorphine hydrochloride as an analgesic during the Sereny test. Local and systemic immune responses were measured in guinea pigs given buprenorphine versus those responses in controls. Results of this study suggest that buprenorphine, administered at an analgesic dose of 0.05 mg/kg of body weight twice daily, can be successfully used with the model without significantly affecting immunologic evaluation of Shigella vaccine candidates. However, in buprenorphine-treated animals, there was a significant increase in the amount of mucopurulent ocular discharge, requiring frequent cleaning of the affected eyes. Additionally, animals treated with buprenorphine had significant reduction in body weight, in comparison with saline controls. JF - Comparative medicine AU - Hanson, C E AU - Ruble, G R AU - Essiet, I AU - Hartman, A B AD - Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799, USA. Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 224 EP - 229 VL - 51 IS - 3 SN - 1532-0820, 1532-0820 KW - Analgesics, Opioid KW - 0 KW - Buprenorphine KW - 40D3SCR4GZ KW - Index Medicus KW - Virulence KW - Animals KW - Guinea Pigs KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Shigella -- immunology KW - Male KW - Shigella -- pathogenicity KW - Buprenorphine -- therapeutic use KW - Buprenorphine -- toxicity KW - Dysentery, Bacillary -- pathology KW - Dysentery, Bacillary -- immunology KW - Keratoconjunctivitis, Infectious -- immunology KW - Analgesics, Opioid -- therapeutic use KW - Keratoconjunctivitis, Infectious -- pathology KW - Keratoconjunctivitis, Infectious -- drug therapy KW - Dysentery, Bacillary -- drug therapy KW - Analgesics, Opioid -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71326124?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Comparative+medicine&rft.atitle=Effects+of+buprenorphine+on+immunogenicity+and+protective+efficacy+in+the+guinea+pig+keratoconjunctivitis+model+%28Sereny+test%29.&rft.au=Hanson%2C+C+E%3BRuble%2C+G+R%3BEssiet%2C+I%3BHartman%2C+A+B&rft.aulast=Hanson&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=224&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Comparative+medicine&rft.issn=15320820&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-09-16 N1 - Date created - 2002-04-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Accidents and injuries among U.S. Navy crewmembers during extended submarine patrols, 1997 to 1999. AN - 70936667; 11413733 AB - Accidents and injuries, the most common cause of morbidity in military populations, result in a significant number of work days lost each year and account for 75% of all active duty deaths. Rates of accidents and injuries during U.S. Navy submarine deployments have not been evaluated previously. A database designed to monitor the health of submarine crew-members was used to examine the rates and causes of accidents among deployed crewmembers aboard 196 submarine patrols between 1997 and mid 1999. The most common category of injuries was open wounds, followed by sprains and strains, contusions, superficial injuries, burns, and others. Rates of accidents and injuries decreased with increasing age and duration of military service. Among submariners working in supply departments, the rates were more than two times those of crewmembers working in other departments. Based on these data, among a submarine crew of 100 men at sea for 100 days, approximately four to five accidents or injuries might be expected and would result in an average of about 2 days of light or no duty per injury. Rates of accidents and injuries were very low; however, focused safety training could reduce rates among younger and less experienced crewmembers as well as among those working in particular areas of the submarine. JF - Military medicine AU - Thomas, T L AU - Parker, A L AU - Horn, W G AU - Molé, D AU - Spiro, T R AU - Hooper, T I AU - Garland, F C AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 534 EP - 540 VL - 166 IS - 6 SN - 0026-4075, 0026-4075 KW - Index Medicus KW - Logistic Models KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Absenteeism KW - Male KW - Wounds and Injuries -- epidemiology KW - Wounds and Injuries -- classification KW - Accidents, Occupational -- statistics & numerical data KW - Military Personnel -- statistics & numerical data UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70936667?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Military+medicine&rft.atitle=Accidents+and+injuries+among+U.S.+Navy+crewmembers+during+extended+submarine+patrols%2C+1997+to+1999.&rft.au=Thomas%2C+T+L%3BParker%2C+A+L%3BHorn%2C+W+G%3BMol%C3%A9%2C+D%3BSpiro%2C+T+R%3BHooper%2C+T+I%3BGarland%2C+F+C&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=166&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=534&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Military+medicine&rft.issn=00264075&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-07-19 N1 - Date created - 2001-06-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Novel AMPA receptor potentiators LY392098 and LY404187: effects on recombinant human AMPA receptors in vitro. AN - 70923643; 11406188 AB - The present study describes the activity of two novel potent and selective AMPA receptor potentiator molecules LY392098 and LY404187. LY392098 and LY404187 enhance glutamate (100 microM) stimulated ion influx through recombinant homomeric human AMPA receptor ion channels, GluR1-4, with estimated EC(50) values of 1.77 microM (GluR1(i)), 0.22 microM (GluR2(i)), 0.56 microM (GluR2(o)), 1.89 microM (GluR3(i)) and 0.20 microM (GluR4(i)) for LY392098 and EC(50) values of 5.65 microM (GluR1(i)), 0.15 microM (GluR2(i)), 1.44 microM (GluR2(o)), 1.66 microM (GluR3(i)) and 0.21 microM (GluR4(i)) for LY404187. Neither compound affected ion influx in untransfected HEK293 cells or GluR transfected cells in the absence of glutamate. Both compounds were selective for activity at AMPA receptors, with no activity at human recombinant kainate receptors. Electrophysiological recordings demonstrated that glutamate (1 mM)-evoked inward currents in human GluR4 transfected HEK293 cells were potentiated by LY392098 and LY404187 at low concentrations (3-10 nM). In addition, both compounds removed glutamate-dependent desensitization of recombinant GluR4 AMPA receptors. These studies demonstrate that LY392098 and LY404187 allosterically potentiate responses mediated by human AMPA receptor ion channels expressed in HEK 293 cells in vitro. JF - Neuropharmacology AU - Miu, P AU - Jarvie, K R AU - Radhakrishnan, V AU - Gates, M R AU - Ogden, A AU - Ornstein, P L AU - Zarrinmayeh, H AU - Ho, K AU - Peters, D AU - Grabell, J AU - Gupta, A AU - Zimmerman, D M AU - Bleakman, D AD - NPS Allelix Corporation, 6850 Goreway Drive, Mississauga, Ontario L4V 1V7, Canada. Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 976 EP - 983 VL - 40 IS - 8 SN - 0028-3908, 0028-3908 KW - 1-(quinoxalin-6-ylcarbonyl)piperidine KW - 0 KW - Antihypertensive Agents KW - Benzothiadiazines KW - Dioxoles KW - Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists KW - LY 392098 KW - LY 404187 KW - Piperidines KW - Receptors, AMPA KW - Receptors, Glutamate KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Sulfonamides KW - Thiophenes KW - cyclothiazide KW - P71U09G5BW KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Piperidines -- pharmacology KW - Benzothiadiazines -- pharmacology KW - Allosteric Regulation -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Receptors, Glutamate -- physiology KW - Receptors, Glutamate -- metabolism KW - Electrophysiology KW - Drug Synergism KW - Antihypertensive Agents -- pharmacology KW - Dioxoles -- pharmacology KW - Cell Line KW - Allosteric Regulation -- physiology KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Sulfonamides -- pharmacology KW - Recombinant Proteins -- metabolism KW - Thiophenes -- pharmacology KW - Receptors, AMPA -- physiology KW - Receptors, AMPA -- genetics KW - Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists -- pharmacology KW - Receptors, AMPA -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70923643?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuropharmacology&rft.atitle=Novel+AMPA+receptor+potentiators+LY392098+and+LY404187%3A+effects+on+recombinant+human+AMPA+receptors+in+vitro.&rft.au=Miu%2C+P%3BJarvie%2C+K+R%3BRadhakrishnan%2C+V%3BGates%2C+M+R%3BOgden%2C+A%3BOrnstein%2C+P+L%3BZarrinmayeh%2C+H%3BHo%2C+K%3BPeters%2C+D%3BGrabell%2C+J%3BGupta%2C+A%3BZimmerman%2C+D+M%3BBleakman%2C+D&rft.aulast=Miu&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=976&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuropharmacology&rft.issn=00283908&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-09-06 N1 - Date created - 2001-06-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chromate concentration bias in primer paint particles. AN - 70913598; 11407936 AB - Chromate-containing primer paints are used to prevent corrosion on metal surfaces. Chromate contains hexavalent chromium (Cr6+), a human carcinogen. The objective of this research was to determine if there is a bias in the fraction of chromate found in various particle sizes generated during primer painting operations. A solvent-based, aviation primer paint was sprayed using a high-volume, low-pressure spray gun. Paint particles were collected and separated by size with seven-stage cascade impactors. It was determined that particles with a mass aerodynamic diameter 2.0 microm (P 2.0 microm is 70 microg of Cr/mg of dry paint. The mixed paint contains 18.75% strontium chromate, which equates to a ratio of 67 microg of Cr/mg of dry paint. Particles > 2.0 microm are more likely to impact in the upper tracheobronchial regions of the lung where mucociliary clearance is relatively rapid. Additionally, chromate emissions from spraying operations may be overestimated because larger particles, which are more easily trapped on an air filter, contain more chromate than the smaller particles, which are more likely to bypass an air filter. JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - LaPuma, P T AU - Fox, J M AU - Kimmel, E C AD - Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, 45433, USA. Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 343 EP - 349 VL - 33 IS - 3 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - 0 KW - Chromates KW - Chromium KW - 0R0008Q3JB KW - chromium hexavalent ion KW - 18540-29-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Chemistry Techniques, Analytical -- methods KW - Particle Size KW - Inhalation Exposure KW - Humans KW - Chromium -- chemistry KW - Chromium -- analysis KW - Paint KW - Chromates -- chemistry KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- analysis KW - Chromates -- analysis KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70913598?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=Chromate+concentration+bias+in+primer+paint+particles.&rft.au=LaPuma%2C+P+T%3BFox%2C+J+M%3BKimmel%2C+E+C&rft.aulast=LaPuma&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=343&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-08-09 N1 - Date created - 2001-06-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutation of the gene encoding cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 1 (cnf(1)) attenuates the virulence of uropathogenic Escherichia coli. AN - 70838281; 11349064 AB - Cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 1 (CNF1) is a 115-kDa toxin that activates Rho GTPases and is produced by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). While both epidemiological studies that link CNF1 production by E. coli with urinary tract disease and the cytopathic effects of CNF1 on cultured urinary tract cells are suggestive of a role for the toxin as a UPEC virulence factor, few in vivo studies to test this possibility have been reported. Therefore, in this investigation, we evaluated the importance of CNF1 in a murine model of urinary tract infection (UTI) by comparing the degree of colonization and damage induced by three different CNF1-producing E. coli strains with isogenic CNF1-deficient derivatives. The data from single-strain challenge experiments with C3H/HeOuJ mice indicated a trend toward higher counts of the wild-type strains in the urine and bladders of these animals up to 3 days after challenge in two of three strain pairs. Furthermore, this difference was statistically significant at day 2 of infection with one strain pair, C189 and C189cnf(1). To control for the animal-to-animal variability inherent in this model, we infected C3H/HeOuJ mice with a mixture of CNF1-positive and -negative isogenic derivatives of CP9. The CNF1-positive strain was recovered in higher numbers than the CNF1-negative strain in the urine, bladders, and kidneys of the mice up to 9 days postinfection. These striking coinfection findings, taken with the trends observed in single-strain infections, led us to conclude that CNF1-negative strains were generally attenuated compared to the wild type in the C3H/HeOuJ mouse model of UTI. Furthermore, histopathological examination of bladder specimens from mice infected with CNF1-positive strains consistently showed deeper, more extensive inflammation than in those infected with the isogenic mutants. Lastly, we found that CNF1-positive strain CP9 was better able to resist killing by fresh human neutrophils than were CP9cnf(1) bacteria. From these data in aggregate, we propose that CNF1 production increases the capacity of UPEC strains to resist killing by neutrophils, which in turn permits these bacteria to gain access to deeper tissue and persist better in the lower urinary tract. JF - Infection and immunity AU - Rippere-Lampe, K E AU - O'Brien, A D AU - Conran, R AU - Lockman, H A AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799, USA. Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 3954 EP - 3964 VL - 69 IS - 6 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Bacterial Toxins KW - 0 KW - Cytotoxins KW - Escherichia coli Proteins KW - cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 1 KW - 106803-33-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Virulence KW - Animals KW - Escherichia coli Infections -- microbiology KW - Neutrophils -- immunology KW - Humans KW - Urinary Bladder -- microbiology KW - Mice, Inbred C3H KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Mice KW - Urine -- microbiology KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Kidney -- microbiology KW - Urinary Tract Infections -- microbiology KW - Bacterial Toxins -- genetics KW - Urinary Tract Infections -- pathology KW - Escherichia coli -- isolation & purification KW - Escherichia coli -- pathogenicity KW - Cytotoxins -- deficiency KW - Escherichia coli -- genetics KW - Cytotoxins -- genetics KW - Mutation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70838281?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+immunity&rft.atitle=Mutation+of+the+gene+encoding+cytotoxic+necrotizing+factor+type+1+%28cnf%281%29%29+attenuates+the+virulence+of+uropathogenic+Escherichia+coli.&rft.au=Rippere-Lampe%2C+K+E%3BO%27Brien%2C+A+D%3BConran%2C+R%3BLockman%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Rippere-Lampe&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=3954&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-06-28 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Nature. 1997 Jun 12;387(6634):729-33 [9192901] J Biol Chem. 1999 Oct 8;274(41):28999-9004 [10506148] Infect Dis Clin North Am. 1997 Sep;11(3):551-81 [9378923] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997 Dec 18;241(2):341-6 [9425273] Infect Immun. 1998 May;66(5):2040-51 [9573087] Infect Immun. 1998 Jun;66(6):2494-500 [9596707] Infect Immun. 1998 Jun;66(6):2798-802 [9596750] Infect Immun. 1998 Jul;66(7):3059-65 [9632566] J Immunol. 1998 Oct 15;161(8):4301-8 [9780206] Infect Immun. 1998 Nov;66(11):5125-31 [9784513] Nephron. 1998 Dec;80(4):401-7 [9832638] Infect Immun. 2000 Feb;68(2):839-47 [10639454] FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2000 May;28(1):37-41 [10767605] Infect Immun. 2000 Oct;68(10):5869-80 [10992497] J Leukoc Biol. 2000 Oct;68(4):522-8 [11037974] J Lab Clin Med. 1976 May;87(5):792-803 [5564] Infect Immun. 1981 Sep;33(3):933-8 [6116675] Infect Immun. 1983 Apr;40(1):273-83 [6339403] J Clin Microbiol. 1987 Jan;25(1):146-9 [3539987] Toxicon. 1988;26(11):1047-56 [3072687] J Bacteriol. 1989 Sep;171(9):4617-22 [2548993] Infect Immun. 1990 May;58(5):1281-9 [2182540] Clin Microbiol Rev. 1991 Jan;4(1):80-128 [1672263] Am J Med. 1992 Apr 6;92(4A):63S-70S [1580271] Infect Immun. 1993 Aug;61(8):3422-8 [8335372] J Clin Invest. 1993 Aug;92(2):780-5 [8349817] Infect Immun. 1993 Nov;61(11):4909-14 [8406895] Mol Microbiol. 1993 Jul;9(2):357-64 [8412686] Mol Microbiol. 1993 Sep;9(6):1247-54 [7934938] Mol Microbiol. 1993 Oct;10(1):143-55 [7968511] Infect Immun. 1995 Sep;63(9):3739-44 [7642319] Microbiol Immunol. 1995;39(6):401-4 [8551971] J Exp Med. 1996 Mar 1;183(3):1037-44 [8642245] N Engl J Med. 1996 Aug 15;335(7):468-74 [8672152] Infect Immun. 1996 Sep;64(9):3736-43 [8751923] Nature. 1997 Jun 12;387(6634):725-9 [9192900] Infect Immun. 1999 Jul;67(7):3657-61 [10377155] J Infect Dis. 1999 Oct;180(4):1378-81 [10479177] J Infect Dis. 1997 Aug;176(2):464-9 [9237713] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sea level rise in the Arctic Ocean AN - 50154161; 2004-024078 AB - About 60 tide-gauge stations in the Kara, Laptev, East-Siberian and Chukchi Seas have recorded the sea level change from the 1950s through 1990s. Over this 40-year period, most of these stations show a significant sea level rise (SLR). In light of global change, this SLR could be a manifestation of warming in the Arctic coupled with a decrease of sea ice extent, warming of Atlantic waters, changes in the Arctic Ocean circulation, and an increase in coastal erosion and thawing of permafrost. We have analyzed monthly mean sea level data and assessed the role that different factors may play in influencing the process of sea level change in the Arctic Ocean. Analysis of the observational data and model results shows that changes in the patterns of wind-driven and thermohaline circulation may account for most of the increase of sea level in the Arctic Ocean and their cumulative action can explain more than 80% of the sea level variability during 1950-1990. Copyright 2001 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Proshutinsky, Andrey AU - Pavlov, Vladimir AU - Bourke, Robert H Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 2237 EP - 2240 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 28 IS - 11 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - ocean circulation KW - permafrost KW - erosion KW - East Siberian Sea KW - global change KW - thermohaline circulation KW - sea-level changes KW - Chukchi Sea KW - Kara Sea KW - coastal environment KW - Arctic Ocean KW - littoral erosion KW - meltwater KW - global warming KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50154161?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Sea+level+rise+in+the+Arctic+Ocean&rft.au=Proshutinsky%2C+Andrey%3BPavlov%2C+Vladimir%3BBourke%2C+Robert+H&rft.aulast=Proshutinsky&rft.aufirst=Andrey&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2000GL012760 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arctic Ocean; Chukchi Sea; coastal environment; East Siberian Sea; erosion; global change; global warming; Kara Sea; littoral erosion; meltwater; ocean circulation; permafrost; sea-level changes; thermohaline circulation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000GL012760 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Offshore propagation of eddy kinetic energy in the California Current AN - 50152526; 2003-023398 AB - Low-pass-filtered velocities obtained from surface drifters and surface geostrophic velocities estimated from TOPEX/Poseidon altimeter data have recently revealed a clear and robust seasonal cycle in the surface eddy kinetic energy (EKE) in the California Current (CC) [Kelly et al., 1998; Strub and James, 2000]. The seasonal cycle begins in spring when a surface-intensified baroclinic equatorward jet develops next to the coast in response to strong upwelling favorable winds. This jet, and a developing eddy field, then moves offshore during summer and fall. The EKE maximum associated with the jet progresses only as far as 127 degrees W, beyond which it decreases rapidly. This is a robust characteristic of the seasonal cycle that has been previously attributed only to an unspecified dissipation process. To investigate this aspect of the surface EKE, a multiyear simulation of the CC is carried out using the Dietrich/Center for Air-Sea Technology primitive equation regional ocean model [Dietnch, 1997]. The simulation accurately reproduces many aspects of the observed annual cycle, including the offshore propagation of the EKE at the surface. The model results indicate that the decrease of surface EKE west of 127 degrees W in the simulation is not due to dissipation but rather is caused by the vertical redistribution of EKE to the deep ocean. This redistribution occurs through the transformation of kinetic energy from the vertical shear flow to the vertical mean flow. The transformation is a nonlinear process inherently associated with the life cycle of baroclinically unstable waves, and in the CC, it effectively energizes the deeper ocean at the expense of the upper ocean. The process is also known to be important in the atmosphere [Wiin-Nielsen, 1962]. Taken together, the recent California Current observations and the new model results strongly suggest that the CC regularly supplies EKE to the deep waters of the eastern North Pacific. Copyright 2001 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Haney, Robert L AU - Hale, Robert A AU - Dietrich, David E Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 11 EP - 11,717 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 106 IS - C6 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - East Pacific KW - currents KW - ocean circulation KW - California Current KW - Northeast Pacific KW - equations KW - satellite methods KW - ocean currents KW - Coastal Ocean Dynamics Experiment KW - North Pacific KW - Pacific Ocean KW - ocean waves KW - velocity KW - atmospheric pressure KW - seasonal variations KW - kinetics KW - TOPEX/POSEIDON KW - remote sensing KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50152526?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Offshore+propagation+of+eddy+kinetic+energy+in+the+California+Current&rft.au=Haney%2C+Robert+L%3BHale%2C+Robert+A%3BDietrich%2C+David+E&rft.aulast=Haney&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=C6&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2000JC000433 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric pressure; California Current; Coastal Ocean Dynamics Experiment; currents; East Pacific; equations; kinetics; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; ocean circulation; ocean currents; ocean waves; Pacific Ocean; remote sensing; satellite methods; seasonal variations; TOPEX/POSEIDON; velocity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000JC000433 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nearshore sandbar migration AN - 50151504; 2003-023391 AB - Field observations suggest that onshore sandbar migration, observed when breaking-wave-driven mean flows are weak, may be related to the skewed fluid accelerations associated with the orbital velocities of nonlinear surface waves. Large accelerations (both increases and decreases in velocity magnitudes), previously suggested to increase sediment suspension, occur under the steep wave faces that immediately precede the maximum onshore-directed orbital velocities. Weaker accelerations occur under the gently sloping rear wave faces that precede the maximum offshore-directed velocities. The timing of strong accelerations relative to onshore flow is hypothesized to produce net onshore sediment transport. The observed acceleration skewness, a measure of the difference in the magnitudes of accelerations under the front and rear wave faces, is maximum near the sandbar crest. The corresponding cross-shore gradients of an acceleration-related onshore sediment transport would cause erosion offshore and accretion onshore of the bar crest, consistent with the observed onshore migration of the bar crest. Furthermore, the observations and numerical simulations of nonlinear shallow water waves show that the region of strongly skewed accelerations moves shoreward with the bar, suggesting that feedback between waves and evolving morphology can result in continuing onshore bar migration. Copyright 2001 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Elgar, Steve AU - Gallagher, Edith L AU - Guza, R T Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 11 EP - 11,627 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 106 IS - C6 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - migration KW - shore features KW - erosion KW - landform evolution KW - sedimentation KW - bars KW - nearshore sedimentation KW - suspended materials KW - ocean waves KW - sediments KW - velocity KW - littoral erosion KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50151504?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Nearshore+sandbar+migration&rft.au=Elgar%2C+Steve%3BGallagher%2C+Edith+L%3BGuza%2C+R+T&rft.aulast=Elgar&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=C6&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2000JC000389 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 plate N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bars; erosion; landform evolution; littoral erosion; migration; nearshore sedimentation; ocean waves; sedimentation; sediments; shore features; suspended materials; velocity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000JC000389 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Possible Roles of Atlantic Circulations on the Weakening Indian Monsoon Rainfall-ENSO Relationship AN - 18339869; 5214961 AB - Since the 1970s, the inverse relationship between the Indian monsoon rainfall and the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has weakened considerably. The cause for this breakdown is shown to be most likely the strengthening and poleward shift of the jet stream over the North Atlantic. These changes have led to the recent development of a significant correlation between wintertime western European surface air temperatures and the ensuing monsoon rainfall. This western Europe winter signal extended eastward over most of northern Eurasia and remained evident in spring, such that the effect of the resulting meridional temperature contrast was able to disrupt the influence of ENSO on the monsoon. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Chang, C-P AU - Harr, P AU - Ju, J AD - Department of Meteorology, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California, USA Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - Jun 2001 SP - 2376 EP - 2380 VL - 14 IS - 11 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - India KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Europe, West KW - Marine KW - Meteorological Data Collection KW - Rainfall KW - Brackish KW - El Nino-Southern Oscillation event-monsoon rainfall relationships KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Freshwater KW - AN, North Atlantic KW - Indian monsoon KW - Air temperature KW - Southern Oscillation KW - ISW, India KW - El Nino KW - Telemetry KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Monsoons KW - Teleconnections KW - El Nino phenomena KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - M2 551.513.7:Relations between distant regions (551.513.7) KW - M2 551.526.6:Oceans and seas (551.526.6) KW - SW 0815:Precipitation KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling KW - M2 551.577:General Precipitation (551.577) KW - O 2070:Meteorology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18339869?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Possible+Roles+of+Atlantic+Circulations+on+the+Weakening+Indian+Monsoon+Rainfall-ENSO+Relationship&rft.au=Chang%2C+C-P%3BHarr%2C+P%3BJu%2C+J&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=C-P&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2376&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rainfall; Ocean-atmosphere system; Atmospheric circulation; Air temperature; Southern Oscillation; El Nino phenomena; Teleconnections; Monsoons; El Nino-Southern Oscillation event-monsoon rainfall relationships; Indian monsoon; Meteorological Data Collection; Telemetry; El Nino; Europe, West; ISW, India; AN, North Atlantic; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Classification of Upper Mississippi River Pools Based on Contiguous Aquatic/Geomorphic Habitats AN - 18178943; 5151951 AB - Navigation pools of the upper Mississippi River (UMR) vary greatly in terms of available contiguous aquatic/geomorphic habitats. These habitats are critical for the biotic diversity and overall productivity of the floodplain corridor of each pool. In this study, similarities among pools 4-26 and an open river reach (river kilometer 47-129) of the UMR were determined from multivariate analysis of eleven habitat types that were hydrologically-contiguous (non-leveed). Isolated floodplain habitats were not included in final analyses because this isolation limits their contribution to overall riverine productivity, in part due to a lack of hydrological connectivity to the main channel during the flood pulse. Cluster analysis based on simple Euclidean distance was used to produce two major pool groups and five pool subgroups. Important habitat variables in defining pool groups, as interpreted from principal components analysis (PCA) axis 1, were contiguous floodplain shallow aquatic area and contiguous impounded area. The habitat variable most important in defining pool subgroups, as interpreted from PCA axis 2, was tertiary channel. Most notably, pool 6 was more similar to pools 14-24 than other upper pools, and pools 19 and 25 were more similar to pools 4-13 than other lower pools. These results were quite different from those of two previous investigators, primarily because only areas of non-isolated aquatic habitat were considered. JF - Journal of Freshwater Ecology AU - Koel, T M AD - National Park Service, Center for Resources, P.O. Box 168, Yellowstone National Park, WY 82190, USA, todd_koel@nps.gov Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - Jun 2001 SP - 159 EP - 170 VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 0270-5060, 0270-5060 KW - USA KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Rivers KW - Habitat availability KW - Pools KW - Biological diversity KW - D 04310:Freshwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18178943?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Freshwater+Ecology&rft.atitle=Classification+of+Upper+Mississippi+River+Pools+Based+on+Contiguous+Aquatic%2FGeomorphic+Habitats&rft.au=Koel%2C+T+M&rft.aulast=Koel&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Freshwater+Ecology&rft.issn=02705060&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Habitat availability; Biological diversity; Pools ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of beta -lactamase producing bacteria and bacterial interference in streptococcal tonsillitis AN - 18154705; 5152161 AB - The causes of penicillin failure in eradicating group A beta -haemolytic streptococcal pharyngo-tonsillitis are described. The mechanisms accounting for the failure include the presence in the tonsils of beta -lactamase producing bacteria and the absence of bacterial interference. The use of antimicrobials that can overcome and modulate these two phenomena and achieve better cure of the infection is described. JF - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents AU - Brook, I AD - P.O. Box 70412, Chevy Chase, MD 20813, USA, brook@mx.afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - Jun 2001 SP - 439 EP - 442 VL - 17 IS - 6 SN - 0924-8579, 0924-8579 KW - streptococci KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Streptococcus KW - Tonsillitis KW - ^b-Lactamase KW - Penicillin KW - Antimicrobial agents KW - J 02728:Enzymes KW - J 02845:Ear, nose and respiratory tract UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18154705?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Antimicrobial+Agents&rft.atitle=The+role+of+beta+-lactamase+producing+bacteria+and+bacterial+interference+in+streptococcal+tonsillitis&rft.au=Brook%2C+I&rft.aulast=Brook&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=439&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Antimicrobial+Agents&rft.issn=09248579&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Streptococcus; ^b-Lactamase; Tonsillitis; Penicillin; Antimicrobial agents ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alterations in spontaneous contractions in vitro after repeated inflammation of rat distal colon. AN - 77039766; 11292604 AB - In inflammatory bowel disease, smooth muscle function reportedly varies with disease duration. The aim of these studies was to determine changes in the control of spontaneous contractions in a model of experimental colitis that included reinflammation of the healed area. The amplitude and frequency of spontaneous contractions in circular smooth muscle were determined after intrarectal administration of trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid in rat distal colon. With the use of a novel paradigm, rats were studied 4 h (acute) or 28 days (healed) after the initial inflammation. At 28 days, rats were studied 4 h after a second inflammation (reinflamed) of the colon. Colitis induced transient increases in the amplitude of spontaneous contractions coincident with a loss of nitric oxide synthase activity. The frequency of contractions was controlled by constitutive nitric oxide in controls. Frequency was increased in healed and reinflamed colon and was associated with a shift in the dominance of neural constitutive nitric oxide synthase control to that of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). The initial colitis induced a remodeling of the neural control of spontaneous contractions reflecting changes in their regulation by constitutive nitric oxide synthase and iNOS. JF - American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology AU - Bossone, C AU - Hosseini, J M AU - Piñeiro-Carrero, V AU - Shea-Donohue, T AD - Department of Physiology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA. Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - G949 EP - G957 VL - 280 IS - 5 SN - 0193-1857, 0193-1857 KW - Guanidines KW - 0 KW - omega-N-Methylarginine KW - 27JT06E6GR KW - Tetrodotoxin KW - 4368-28-9 KW - Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid KW - 8T3HQG2ZC4 KW - Nitric Oxide Synthase KW - EC 1.14.13.39 KW - NADPH Dehydrogenase KW - EC 1.6.99.1 KW - pimagedine KW - SCQ4EZQ113 KW - Index Medicus KW - Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid -- toxicity KW - Muscle, Smooth -- pathology KW - Animals KW - Inflammatory Bowel Diseases -- physiopathology KW - Gastrointestinal Motility -- physiology KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Guanidines -- pharmacology KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - NADPH Dehydrogenase -- analysis KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - omega-N-Methylarginine -- pharmacology KW - Tetrodotoxin -- pharmacology KW - Nitric Oxide Synthase -- metabolism KW - Time Factors KW - Inflammatory Bowel Diseases -- pathology KW - Muscle, Smooth -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Muscle, Smooth -- physiopathology KW - Inflammation -- physiopathology KW - Colon -- pathology KW - Muscle Contraction -- drug effects KW - Colon -- drug effects KW - Colitis -- physiopathology KW - Colitis -- pathology KW - Muscle Contraction -- physiology KW - Colon -- physiopathology KW - Inflammation -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77039766?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+physiology.+Gastrointestinal+and+liver+physiology&rft.atitle=Alterations+in+spontaneous+contractions+in+vitro+after+repeated+inflammation+of+rat+distal+colon.&rft.au=Bossone%2C+C%3BHosseini%2C+J+M%3BPi%C3%B1eiro-Carrero%2C+V%3BShea-Donohue%2C+T&rft.aulast=Bossone&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=280&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=G949&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+physiology.+Gastrointestinal+and+liver+physiology&rft.issn=01931857&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-05-17 N1 - Date created - 2001-04-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 31st international Liege colloquium on Ocean hydrodynamics AN - 52014510; 2003-002134 JF - Journal of Marine Systems A2 - Poulain, Pierre-Marie A2 - Beckers, Jean-Marie Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 424 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam-Oxford-New York-Tokyo VL - 29 IS - 1-4 SN - 0924-7963, 0924-7963 KW - currents KW - three-dimensional models KW - symposia KW - numerical analysis KW - sedimentation KW - Lagrangian statistics KW - hydrodynamics KW - world ocean KW - oceanography KW - measurement KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52014510?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Marine+Systems&rft.atitle=31st+international+Liege+colloquium+on+Ocean+hydrodynamics&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Marine+Systems&rft.issn=09247963&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09247963 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 31st international Liege colloquium on Ocean hydrodynamics N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - currents; hydrodynamics; Lagrangian statistics; measurement; numerical analysis; oceanography; sedimentation; symposia; three-dimensional models; world ocean ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prediction of particle trajectories in the Adriatic Sea using Lagrangian data assimilation AN - 52014323; 2003-002135 JF - Journal of Marine Systems AU - Castellari, Sergio AU - Griffa, Annalisa AU - Ozgokmen, Tamay M AU - Poulain, Pierre-Marie A2 - Poulain, Pierre-Marie A2 - Beckers, Jean-Marie Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 33 EP - 50 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam-Oxford-New York-Tokyo VL - 29 IS - 1-4 SN - 0924-7963, 0924-7963 KW - Adriatic Sea KW - clastic sediments KW - Kalman filters KW - trajectories KW - prediction KW - correlation KW - drift KW - turbulence KW - measurement KW - East Mediterranean KW - models KW - mathematical methods KW - sediments KW - velocity KW - Mediterranean Sea KW - algorithms KW - particles KW - Lagrangian data KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52014323?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Marine+Systems&rft.atitle=Prediction+of+particle+trajectories+in+the+Adriatic+Sea+using+Lagrangian+data+assimilation&rft.au=Castellari%2C+Sergio%3BGriffa%2C+Annalisa%3BOzgokmen%2C+Tamay+M%3BPoulain%2C+Pierre-Marie&rft.aulast=Castellari&rft.aufirst=Sergio&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Marine+Systems&rft.issn=09247963&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09247963 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 31st international Liege colloquium on Ocean hydrodynamics N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Sept. 13, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adriatic Sea; algorithms; clastic sediments; correlation; drift; East Mediterranean; Kalman filters; Lagrangian data; mathematical methods; measurement; Mediterranean Sea; models; particles; prediction; sediments; trajectories; turbulence; velocity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synergistic apoptosis induced by bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide and high glucose in rat microglia AN - 18408919; 5401800 AB - The present study investigates whether bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the presence of increased levels of glucose induced synergistic cytotoxicity in primary cultured microglia. Significant cytotoxicity was only observed while the concentrations of LPS were increased to 10 mu g/ml. D-glucose concentration-dependently (25-125 mM) generated cytotoxicity. Synergistic apoptosis of microglia was seen by LPS in the presence of increased levels of D-glucose. This synergistic cytotoxicity was attenuated by the use of superoxide dimutase and catalase, suggesting the involvement of oxidative free radicals. Collectively, the present results suggest that increased ambient levels of glucose rendered microglia vulnerable to LPS insults, and led to a synergistic apoptosis. The findings here may be important in certain patho-physiological implications in which hyperglycemia exacerbated the ambient functions contributed by microglia, and may provide new insight into a novel therapeutic intervention. JF - Neuroscience Letters AU - Wang, J-Y AU - Yang, J-M AU - Tao, P-L AU - Yang, S N AD - Department of Physiology, National Defense Medical Center, National Defense University, No. 161, Section 6, Min-Chuan East Road, Taipei, Taiwan 114, Republic of China, snyang@ndmctsgh.edu.tw Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 177 EP - 180 VL - 304 IS - 3 SN - 0304-3940, 0304-3940 KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24171:Microbial KW - N3 11073:Glial cell biology and metabolism KW - J 02823:In vitro and in vivo effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18408919?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuroscience+Letters&rft.atitle=Synergistic+apoptosis+induced+by+bacterial+endotoxin+lipopolysaccharide+and+high+glucose+in+rat+microglia&rft.au=Wang%2C+J-Y%3BYang%2C+J-M%3BTao%2C+P-L%3BYang%2C+S+N&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=J-Y&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=304&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuroscience+Letters&rft.issn=03043940&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Flagellar Phase Variation of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Contributes to Virulence in the Murine Typhoid Infection Model but Does Not Influence Salmonella-Induced Enteropathogenesis AN - 17852915; 4875057 AB - Although Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium can undergo phase variation to alternately express two different types of flagellin subunit proteins, FljB or FliC, no biological function for this phenomenon has been described. In this investigation, we constructed phase-locked derivatives of S. enterica serovar Typhimurium that expressed only FljB (termed locked-ON) or FliC (termed locked-OFF). The role of phase variation in models of enteric and systemic pathogenesis was then evaluated. There were no differences between the wild-type parent strain and the two phase-locked derivatives in adherence and invasion of mouse epithelial cells in vitro, survival in mouse peritoneal macrophages, or in a bovine model of gastroenteritis. By contrast, the locked-OFF mutant was virulent in mice following oral or intravenous (i.v.) inoculation but the locked-ON mutant was attenuated. When these phase-locked mutants were compared in studies of i.v. kinetics in mice, similar numbers of the two strains were isolated from the blood and spleens of infected animals at 6 and 24 h. However, the locked-OFF mutant was recovered from the blood and spleens in significantly greater numbers than the locked-ON strain by day 2 of infection. By 5 days postinfection, a majority of the mice infected with the locked-OFF mutant had died compared with none of the mice infected with the locked-ON mutant. These results suggest that phase variation is not involved in the intestinal stage of infection but that once S. enterica serovar Typhimurium reaches the spleens of susceptible mice those organisms in the FliC phase can grow and/or survive better than those in the FljB phase. Additional experiments with wild-type S. enterica serovar Typhimurium, fully capable of switching flagellin type, supported this hypothesis. We conclude that organisms that have switched to the FliC super(+) phase have a selective advantage in the mouse model of typhoid fever but have no such advantage in invasion of epithelial cells or the induction of enteropathogenesis. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Ikeda, J S AU - Schmitt, C K AU - Darnell, S C AU - Watson, PR AU - Bispham, J AU - Wallis, T S AU - Weinstein, D L AU - Metcalf, E S AU - Adams, P AU - O'Connor, C D AU - O'Brien, AD AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814, aobrien@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 3021 EP - 3030 VL - 69 IS - 5 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - enteropathogenesis KW - mice KW - FliC protein KW - FljB protein KW - intestine KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Virulence KW - Salmonella enterica KW - Animal models KW - Typhoid fever KW - Flagella KW - J 02862:Infection UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17852915?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Flagellar+Phase+Variation+of+Salmonella+enterica+Serovar+Typhimurium+Contributes+to+Virulence+in+the+Murine+Typhoid+Infection+Model+but+Does+Not+Influence+Salmonella-Induced+Enteropathogenesis&rft.au=Ikeda%2C+J+S%3BSchmitt%2C+C+K%3BDarnell%2C+S+C%3BWatson%2C+PR%3BBispham%2C+J%3BWallis%2C+T+S%3BWeinstein%2C+D+L%3BMetcalf%2C+E+S%3BAdams%2C+P%3BO%27Connor%2C+C+D%3BO%27Brien%2C+AD&rft.aulast=Ikeda&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=3021&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FIAI.69.5.3021-3030.2001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Salmonella enterica; Flagella; Virulence; Typhoid fever; Animal models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.69.5.3021-3030.2001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - "Low-tech" neuroprotection for brain injury. AN - 85357563; pmid-11275579 JF - The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation AU - Verma, A AD - Basic Research Division, Department of Neurology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA. averma@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - Apr 2001 SP - 206 EP - 209 VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 0885-9701, 0885-9701 KW - Index Medicus KW - National Library of Medicine KW - *Brain: drug effects KW - *Brain: metabolism KW - Brain: pathology KW - Brain: physiopathology KW - Brain Chemistry: drug effects KW - *Brain Injuries: drug therapy KW - *Brain Injuries: physiopathology KW - Humans KW - *Neuroprotective Agents: pharmacology KW - Neurotransmitter Agents: metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85357563?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+head+trauma+rehabilitation&rft.atitle=%22Low-tech%22+neuroprotection+for+brain+injury.&rft.au=Verma%2C+A&rft.aulast=Verma&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=206&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+head+trauma+rehabilitation&rft.issn=08859701&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English (eng) DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2011-12-15 N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laminar specific alterations of thalamocortical projections in organotypic cultures following layer 4 disruption in ferret somatosensory cortex. AN - 70814827; 11328350 AB - The developing neocortex influences the growth of thalamocortical projections. Layer 4 in particular receives the majority of input from the thalamus and is important in instructing thalamic afferents to terminate. Previous in vivo experiments demonstrated that disruption of layer 4 during corticogenesis in ferret somatosensory cortex by application of methylazoxy methanol acetate (MAM) prevents proper termination of thalamic afferents in appropriate cortical regions. To further explore the role of layer 4 in thalamocortical development, we prepared organotypic cocultures consisting of normal gestational day 0 (P0) ferret thalamus paired with normal, embryonic day 33 (E33), or E38 MAM-treated cortex obtained from ferrets at either P0 or P7. Injection of MAM on E33 disrupts layer 4 formation, whereas similar injections on E38 interfere with layer 2 formation. The cocultures grew together for a number of days, then discrete injections of either fluorescent dextrans or 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethyl-indocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI) were made into the thalamic piece. The labeled thalamic afferents that grew into the cortical slice were analysed and the sites of their terminations quantified after 3, 5, or 7-10 days in culture (DIC). Our results varied somewhat with the amount of time in culture, but the preponderance of thalamic fibers in normal cortex terminated in layer 4, whereas their counterparts in E33 MAM-treated cortex grew beyond the cortical plate and many fibers terminated inappropriately within lower cortical layers or white matter. Terminal distribution of thalamic fibers in E38 MAM-treated cortex looked similar to normal. These results demonstrate that the cells of layer 4 provide thalamic afferents with important positional and termination cues. JF - The European journal of neuroscience AU - Palmer, S L AU - Noctor, S C AU - Jablonska, B AU - Juliano, S L AD - Department of Anatomy, USUHS, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - April 2001 SP - 1559 EP - 1571 VL - 13 IS - 8 SN - 0953-816X, 0953-816X KW - Protein Synthesis Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - Methylazoxymethanol Acetate KW - 592-62-1 KW - Bromodeoxyuridine KW - G34N38R2N1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Brain Mapping KW - Protein Synthesis Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Fetus -- physiology KW - Ferrets KW - Afferent Pathways -- physiology KW - Methylazoxymethanol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Time Factors KW - Organ Culture Techniques KW - Animals, Newborn -- physiology KW - Bromodeoxyuridine -- metabolism KW - Thalamus -- physiology KW - Cerebral Cortex -- physiology KW - Cerebral Cortex -- drug effects KW - Somatosensory Cortex -- physiology KW - Cerebral Cortex -- embryology KW - Synaptic Transmission -- physiology KW - Neuronal Plasticity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70814827?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+European+journal+of+neuroscience&rft.atitle=Laminar+specific+alterations+of+thalamocortical+projections+in+organotypic+cultures+following+layer+4+disruption+in+ferret+somatosensory+cortex.&rft.au=Palmer%2C+S+L%3BNoctor%2C+S+C%3BJablonska%2C+B%3BJuliano%2C+S+L&rft.aulast=Palmer&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1559&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+European+journal+of+neuroscience&rft.issn=0953816X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-07-12 N1 - Date created - 2001-04-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pro- and anti-inflammatory gene expression in the murine small intestine and liver after chronic exposure to alcohol. AN - 70811490; 11329499 AB - Endotoxin has been proposed to play a primary role in ALD, by initiating an inflammatory cascade within the liver. Although the source of these cytokines has been presumed to be circulating monocytes or tissue macrophages, ethanol-induced, nonhepatic sources of soluble mediators recently have been identified. One potential, but not clearly defined, extrahepatic source of cytokines in ALD is the intestine. In the current study, we hypothesized that alcohol would alter cytokine expression within the small intestine of mice exposed to ethanol and that LPS would alter levels of cytokine expression even more dramatically. Mice were fed a modified Lieber-DeCarli liquid ethanol or control diet for up to 14 days prior to injecting either saline or LPS. Plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and cytokine levels, histology, and RT-PCR of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine gene expression were determined from distal ileum and liver samples. Translocation of intestinal bacterial flora also was assessed. Ethanol exposure upregulated basal gene expression of IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, IL-6, and iNOS in the distal ileum, but similar effects of ethanol on the liver were not observed. In contrast, LPS challenge of ethanol-exposed mice increased intestinal gene expression of some cytokines, but decreased expression of others. These effects were not associated with bacterial translocation. Also, ethanol alone induced a modest increase in both ICAM-1 and TLR4 mRNA expression in the intestine, but expression of both molecules was inhibited in mice that received both ethanol and LPS. Finally, whereas basal levels of hepatic IL-11 mRNA were not elevated by exposure to ethanol, intestinal IL-11 mRNA levels were increased more than 100-fold. These studies are the first to show that ethanol affects cytokine gene expression in the ileum and identifies the ileum as a potential target for ethanol effects. In addition, our results suggest that IL-11 expression may be enhanced in the intestine to help repair or protect this organ from alcohol-induced damage. Collectively, these studies suggest that both pro- and anti-inflammatory soluble mediators in the intestine maintain and exacerbate the local hepatic response to ethanol. JF - Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research AU - Fleming, S AU - Toratani, S AU - Shea-Donohue, T AU - Kashiwabara, Y AU - Vogel, S N AU - Metcalf, E S AD - Department of Microbiology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - April 2001 SP - 579 EP - 589 VL - 25 IS - 4 SN - 0145-6008, 0145-6008 KW - Central Nervous System Depressants KW - 0 KW - Interleukin-1 KW - Interleukin-11 KW - Interleukin-6 KW - Lipopolysaccharides KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Triglycerides KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - Nitric Oxide Synthase KW - EC 1.14.13.39 KW - Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II KW - Nos2 protein, mouse KW - Alanine Transaminase KW - EC 2.6.1.2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Triglycerides -- blood KW - Animals KW - Alcohol Drinking -- metabolism KW - Alcohol Drinking -- pathology KW - Liver Diseases, Alcoholic -- pathology KW - Lipopolysaccharides -- pharmacology KW - RNA, Messenger -- drug effects KW - Interleukin-6 -- metabolism KW - Interleukin-11 -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Liver Diseases, Alcoholic -- metabolism KW - Alanine Transaminase -- blood KW - Interleukin-1 -- metabolism KW - RNA, Messenger -- metabolism KW - Nitric Oxide Synthase -- drug effects KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- drug effects KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -- metabolism KW - Nitric Oxide Synthase -- metabolism KW - Alanine Transaminase -- drug effects KW - Gene Expression -- drug effects KW - Central Nervous System Depressants -- pharmacology KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Ethanol -- pharmacology KW - Intestine, Small -- metabolism KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Intestine, Small -- drug effects KW - Intestine, Small -- pathology KW - Gene Expression -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70811490?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Alcoholism%2C+clinical+and+experimental+research&rft.atitle=Pro-+and+anti-inflammatory+gene+expression+in+the+murine+small+intestine+and+liver+after+chronic+exposure+to+alcohol.&rft.au=Fleming%2C+S%3BToratani%2C+S%3BShea-Donohue%2C+T%3BKashiwabara%2C+Y%3BVogel%2C+S+N%3BMetcalf%2C+E+S&rft.aulast=Fleming&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=579&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Alcoholism%2C+clinical+and+experimental+research&rft.issn=01456008&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-06-14 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Etiology and treatment of achalasia in the pediatric age group. AN - 70794196; 11319069 AB - Achalasia in children bears many similarities to the disorder in adults, both in terms of clinical features and in terms of the approach to therapy. Pharmacologic management is of limited temporary benefit until more definitive therapy is undertaken. Intrasphincteric injections of botulinum toxin provides safe but short-term relief from symptoms. Based on our review of the safety and effectiveness of pneumatic dilation, we advocate this procedure as the primary form of definitive therapy for achalasia in children. In patients who do not achieve satisfactory results from a series of graduated pneumatic dilations, Heller myotomy provides safe and effective surgical treatment. JF - Gastrointestinal endoscopy clinics of North America AU - Piñeiro-Carrero, V M AU - Sullivan, C A AU - Rogers, P L AD - Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799, USA. vpineiro@usuhs.mie Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - April 2001 SP - 387 EP - 408, viii VL - 11 IS - 2 SN - 1052-5157, 1052-5157 KW - Neuromuscular Agents KW - 0 KW - Botulinum Toxins, Type A KW - EC 3.4.24.69 KW - Index Medicus KW - Age Factors KW - Diagnosis, Differential KW - Pediatrics -- methods KW - Humans KW - Safety KW - Muscle, Smooth -- surgery KW - Child KW - Patient Selection KW - Dilatation KW - Child, Preschool KW - Infant KW - Botulinum Toxins, Type A -- therapeutic use KW - Treatment Outcome KW - Neuromuscular Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Adolescent KW - Female KW - Male KW - Esophageal Achalasia -- etiology KW - Esophageal Achalasia -- diagnosis KW - Esophageal Achalasia -- therapy KW - Esophageal Achalasia -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70794196?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gastrointestinal+endoscopy+clinics+of+North+America&rft.atitle=Etiology+and+treatment+of+achalasia+in+the+pediatric+age+group.&rft.au=Pi%C3%B1eiro-Carrero%2C+V+M%3BSullivan%2C+C+A%3BRogers%2C+P+L&rft.aulast=Pi%C3%B1eiro-Carrero&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=387&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Gastrointestinal+endoscopy+clinics+of+North+America&rft.issn=10525157&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-07-05 N1 - Date created - 2001-04-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Validation for a recirculation model. AN - 70787488; 11318387 AB - Recent Clean Air Act regulations designed to reduce volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions have placed new restrictions on painting operations. Treating large volumes of air which contain dilute quantities of VOCs can be expensive. Recirculating some fraction of the air allows an operator to comply with environmental regulations at reduced cost. However, there is a potential impact on employee safety because indoor pollutants will inevitably increase when air is recirculated. A computer model was developed, written in Microsoft Excel 97, to predict compliance costs and indoor air concentration changes with respect to changes in the level of recirculation for a given facility. The model predicts indoor air concentrations based on product usage and mass balance equations. This article validates the recirculation model using data collected from a C-130 aircraft painting facility at Hill Air Force Base, Utah. Air sampling data and air control cost quotes from vendors were collected for the Hill AFB painting facility and compared to the model's predictions. The model's predictions for strontium chromate and isocyanate air concentrations were generally between the maximum and minimum air sampling points with a tendency to predict near the maximum sampling points. The model's capital cost predictions for a thermal VOC control device ranged from a 14 percent underestimate to a 50 percent overestimate of the average cost quotes. A sensitivity analysis of the variables is also included. The model is demonstrated to be a good evaluation tool in understanding the impact of recirculation. JF - Applied occupational and environmental hygiene AU - LaPuma, P T AD - Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio, USA. Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - April 2001 SP - 443 EP - 454 VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 1047-322X, 1047-322X KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Computer Simulation KW - Humans KW - Hazardous Substances -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Occupational Exposure -- prevention & control KW - Ventilation -- methods KW - Ventilation -- economics KW - Ventilation -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- prevention & control KW - Chemical Industry KW - Ventilation -- standards KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70787488?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+occupational+and+environmental+hygiene&rft.atitle=Validation+for+a+recirculation+model.&rft.au=LaPuma%2C+P+T&rft.aulast=LaPuma&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=443&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+occupational+and+environmental+hygiene&rft.issn=1047322X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-05-17 N1 - Date created - 2001-04-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The "Unlessons" of Vietnam AN - 60591534; 200116132 AB - This article analyzes US foreign policy & military strategy during the Vietnam War & the effects of the war's outcome on future policy. The attitudes & analyses of scholars, popular writers, & military strategists are examined to determine what, if any, lessons we should take away from Vietnam. Focus is on the broad view of history by US policymakers rather than solely on American experiences in Vietnam. The author discusses conspiracy theories, the Weinberger doctrine, & literature regarding the Vietnam experience & wonders whether any lessons were learned from the experience in Vietnam. E. Miller JF - Defense Analysis AU - Wirtz, James J AD - Dept National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - April 2001 SP - 41 EP - 57 VL - 17 IS - 1 SN - 0743-0175, 0743-0175 KW - Policy Making KW - Vietnam War KW - United States of America KW - Armed Forces KW - Foreign Policy KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60591534?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Defense+Analysis&rft.atitle=The+%22Unlessons%22+of+Vietnam&rft.au=Wirtz%2C+James+J&rft.aulast=Wirtz&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Defense+Analysis&rft.issn=07430175&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United States of America; Foreign Policy; Vietnam War; Armed Forces; Policy Making ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental Security: The Search for Strategic Legitimacy AN - 60086854; 200115558 AB - Explores environmental security -- the intersection of environmental conditions & security affairs in terms of the definition of the phrase & the causal relationship between the environment & security. Definitionally, the very nature of the subject forces a new degree of attention to the linkage between individual (human) security & national, regional, & global security. However, the suggestion that conflict may be caused -- or at least prefigured -- by environmental conditions lies at the heart of most disagreements on the subject & thus on its integral importance to the field of security affairs. What seems clear is that environmental conditions must be viewed in conjunction with associated economic & political factors. It may turn out that there is a masking phenomenon at work by which ostensibly political & economic precipitants of violence & unrest actually mask underlying environmental sources of discontent. By the same token, increasing attention must be given to autocatalytic events (eg, natural disasters) that feed & feed off environmental degradation. Recognizing the existence & prevalence of these sorts of conditions & relationships is a challenge that will test the intellectual mettle of analysts & policymakers in the world that lies before us. 2 Tables, 2 Figures. Adapted from the source document. JF - Armed Forces & Society AU - Foster, Gregory D AD - Industrial Coll Armed Forces, National Defense U, Washington, DC fosterg@ndu.edu Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - April 2001 SP - 373 EP - 395 VL - 27 IS - 3 SN - 0095-327X, 0095-327X KW - Social Conflict KW - International Conflict KW - Environmental Degradation KW - International Relations KW - National Security KW - Environmental Factors KW - article KW - 0925: political sociology/interactions; sociology of political systems, politics, & power KW - 2656: environmental interactions; environmental interactions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60086854?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Armed+Forces+%26+Society&rft.atitle=Environmental+Security%3A+The+Search+for+Strategic+Legitimacy&rft.au=Foster%2C+Gregory+D&rft.aulast=Foster&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=373&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Armed+Forces+%26+Society&rft.issn=0095327X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-10-30 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - AFSOD2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental Degradation; National Security; Environmental Factors; Social Conflict; International Relations; International Conflict ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spa33, a Cell Surface-Associated Subunit of the Mxi-Spa Type III Secretory Pathway of Shigella flexneri, Regulates Ipa Protein Traffic AN - 17835307; 4861865 AB - The Mxi-Spa type III secretion system of Shigella flexneri directs the host cell contact-induced secretion of a set of invasins, referred to as Ipas. In this study, we examined the role of Spa33 in Ipa secretion. A spa33-null mutant was both noninvasive and unable to translocate the Ipas from inner membrane to outer membrane (OM) positions of the Mxi-Spa transmembrane channel. Spa33 was found to be a Mxi-Spa substrate that is translocated to the bacterial cell surface upon the induction of Ipa secretion. This mobility may serve to drive Ipa translocation within Mxi-Spa toward OM positions. Consistent with a second distinct role in regulating Ipa traffic, the overexpression of Spa33 also blocked Ipa secretion and resulted in Ipa accumulation at the OM. Co-overexpression of Spa33 and another OM-associated element, Spa32, did not disrupt Ipa secretion, suggesting an interaction between the two proteins and an effect on the mechanism which serves to regulate Ipa release from the OM. These findings indicate that Spa33 is a mobile element within Mxi-Spa, which is required to control Ipa translocation into and out of OM positions of the secretory structure. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Schuch, R AU - Maurelli, A T AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, amaurelli@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - Apr 2001 SP - 2180 EP - 2189 VL - 69 IS - 4 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - Ipa protein KW - Mxi-Spa type III secretion system KW - Spa33 protein KW - invasin KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Cell surface KW - Shigella flexneri KW - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17835307?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Spa33%2C+a+Cell+Surface-Associated+Subunit+of+the+Mxi-Spa+Type+III+Secretory+Pathway+of+Shigella+flexneri%2C+Regulates+Ipa+Protein+Traffic&rft.au=Schuch%2C+R%3BMaurelli%2C+A+T&rft.aulast=Schuch&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2180&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FIAI.69.4.2180-2189.2001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Shigella flexneri; Cell surface DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.69.4.2180-2189.2001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Epitope Mapping of Monoclonal Antibodies Capable of Neutralizing Cytotoxic Necrotizing Factor Type 1 of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli AN - 17831763; 4861859 AB - Cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 1 (CNF1) of uropathogenic Escherichia coli belongs to a family of bacterial toxins that target the small GTP-binding Rho proteins that regulate the actin cytoskeleton. Members of this toxin family typically inactivate Rho; however, CNF1 and the highly related CNF2 activate Rho by deamidation. Other investigators have reported that the first 190 amino acids of CNF1 constitute the cellular binding domain and that the CNF1 enzymatic domain lies within a 300-amino-acid stretch in the C terminus of the toxin. Amino acids 53 to 75 appear to be critical for cell receptor recognition, while amino acids Cys866 and His881 are considered essential for deamidation activity. To delineate further the functional domains of CNF1, we generated 16 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against the toxin and used them for epitope mapping studies. Based on Western blot immunoreactivity patterns obtained from a series of truncated CNF1 proteins, this panel of MAbs mapped to epitopes located throughout the toxin, including the binding and enzymatic domains. All MAbs showed reactivity to CNF1 by Western and dot blot analyses. However, only 7 of the 16 MAbs exhibited cross-reactivity with CNF2. Furthermore, only three MAbs demonstrated the capacity to neutralize toxin in either HEp-2 cell assays (inhibition of multinucleation) or 5637 bladder cell assays (inhibition of cytotoxicity). Since CNF1 epitopes recognized by neutralizing MAbs are likely to represent domains or regions necessary for the biological activities of the toxin, the epitopes recognized by these three MAbs, designated JC4 (immunoglobulin G2a [IgG2a]), BF8 (IgA), and NG8 (IgG2a), were more precisely defined. MAbs JC4 and BF8 reacted with epitopes that were common to CNF1 and CNF2 and located within the putative CNF1 binding domain. MAb JC4 recognized an epitope spanning amino acids 169to 191, whereas MAb BF8 mapped to an epitope between amino acids 135 and 164. Despite the capacity of both MAbs to recognize CNF2 in Western blot analyses, only MAb BF8 neutralized CNF2. MAb NG8 showed reactivity to a CNF1-specific epitope located between amino acids 683 and 730, a region that includes a very small portion of the putative enzymatic domain. Taken together, these findings identify three new regions of the toxin that appear to be critical for the biological activity of CNF1. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Meysick, K C AU - Mills, M AU - O'Brien, AD AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, aobrien@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - Apr 2001 SP - 2066 EP - 2074 VL - 69 IS - 4 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - HEp-2 cells KW - CNF1 protein KW - Cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 KW - Escherichia coli KW - actin KW - cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 KW - Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Cytoskeleton KW - Western blotting KW - Monoclonal antibodies KW - Neutralization KW - Toxins KW - Epitopes KW - J 02832:Antigenic properties and virulence KW - F 06711:Monoclonal antibodies, hybridomas, antigens and antisera UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17831763?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Epitope+Mapping+of+Monoclonal+Antibodies+Capable+of+Neutralizing+Cytotoxic+Necrotizing+Factor+Type+1+of+Uropathogenic+Escherichia+coli&rft.au=Meysick%2C+K+C%3BMills%2C+M%3BO%27Brien%2C+AD&rft.aulast=Meysick&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2066&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FIAI.69.4.2066-2074.2001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; Epitopes; Neutralization; Monoclonal antibodies; Toxins; Cytoskeleton; Western blotting DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.69.4.2066-2074.2001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genome of the extremely radiation-resistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans viewed from the perspective of comparative genomics. AN - 76958533; 11238985 AB - The bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans shows remarkable resistance to a range of damage caused by ionizing radiation, desiccation, UV radiation, oxidizing agents, and electrophilic mutagens. D. radiodurans is best known for its extreme resistance to ionizing radiation; not only can it grow continuously in the presence of chronic radiation (6 kilorads/h), but also it can survive acute exposures to gamma radiation exceeding 1,500 kilorads without dying or undergoing induced mutation. These characteristics were the impetus for sequencing the genome of D. radiodurans and the ongoing development of its use for bioremediation of radioactive wastes. Although it is known that these multiple resistance phenotypes stem from efficient DNA repair processes, the mechanisms underlying these extraordinary repair capabilities remain poorly understood. In this work we present an extensive comparative sequence analysis of the Deinococcus genome. Deinococcus is the first representative with a completely sequenced genome from a distinct bacterial lineage of extremophiles, the Thermus-Deinococcus group. Phylogenetic tree analysis, combined with the identification of several synapomorphies between Thermus and Deinococcus, supports the hypothesis that it is an ancient group with no clear affinities to any of the other known bacterial lineages. Distinctive features of the Deinococcus genome as well as features shared with other free-living bacteria were revealed by comparison of its proteome to the collection of clusters of orthologous groups of proteins. Analysis of paralogs in Deinococcus has revealed several unique protein families. In addition, specific expansions of several other families including phosphatases, proteases, acyltransferases, and Nudix family pyrophosphohydrolases were detected. Genes that potentially affect DNA repair and recombination and stress responses were investigated in detail. Some proteins appear to have been horizontally transferred from eukaryotes and are not present in other bacteria. For example, three proteins homologous to plant desiccation resistance proteins were identified, and these are particularly interesting because of the correlation between desiccation and radiation resistance. Compared to other bacteria, the D. radiodurans genome is enriched in repetitive sequences, namely, IS-like transposons and small intergenic repeats. In combination, these observations suggest that several different biological mechanisms contribute to the multiple DNA repair-dependent phenotypes of this organism. JF - Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR AU - Makarova, K S AU - Aravind, L AU - Wolf, Y I AU - Tatusov, R L AU - Minton, K W AU - Koonin, E V AU - Daly, M J AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799,USA. Y1 - 2001/03// PY - 2001 DA - March 2001 SP - 44 EP - 79 VL - 65 IS - 1 SN - 1092-2172, 1092-2172 KW - Index Medicus KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial KW - Protein Biosynthesis KW - DNA Repair -- physiology KW - Genomics -- methods KW - Biological Evolution KW - Gene Transfer, Horizontal KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Energy Metabolism KW - Signal Transduction KW - DNA Replication KW - Carbohydrate Metabolism KW - Genome, Bacterial KW - Gram-Positive Cocci -- radiation effects KW - DNA Damage -- radiation effects KW - Gram-Positive Cocci -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76958533?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbiology+and+molecular+biology+reviews+%3A+MMBR&rft.atitle=Genome+of+the+extremely+radiation-resistant+bacterium+Deinococcus+radiodurans+viewed+from+the+perspective+of+comparative+genomics.&rft.au=Makarova%2C+K+S%3BAravind%2C+L%3BWolf%2C+Y+I%3BTatusov%2C+R+L%3BMinton%2C+K+W%3BKoonin%2C+E+V%3BDaly%2C+M+J&rft.aulast=Makarova&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=44&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbiology+and+molecular+biology+reviews+%3A+MMBR&rft.issn=10922172&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-05-17 N1 - Date created - 2001-03-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Mutat Res. 1974 Jun;23(3):311-8 [4407662] C R Seances Soc Biol Fil. 1973;167(10):1506-10 [4799987] Mutat Res. 1976 Feb;34(2):175-86 [765808] Photochem Photobiol. 1976 Dec;24(6):515-23 [798210] J Mol Biol. 1977 Oct 15;116(1):81-98 [338918] Can J Microbiol. 1978 Feb;24(2):162-76 [647473] J Bacteriol. 1978 Apr;134(1):71-5 [649572] Cytobiologie. 1978 Jun;17(1):1-9 [689244] J Bacteriol. 1979 Jun;138(3):871-7 [378943] J Bacteriol. 1980 Jan;141(1):81-6 [7354007] Can J Microbiol. 1980 Dec;26(12):1408-11 [7237266] J Ultrastruct Res. 1981 Apr;75(1):60-71 [7021872] Can J Microbiol. 1981 Jul;27(7):729-34 [7296407] Curr Microbiol. 1994 Oct;29(4):229-35 [7765497] Comput Chem. 1994 Sep;18(3):269-85 [7952898] J Mol Biol. 1994 Nov 18;244(1):125-32 [7966317] Mol Microbiol. 1994 Jul;13(1):9-15 [7984097] Plant Physiol. 1994 Oct;106(2):805-6 [7991700] J Bacteriol. 1994 Dec;176(24):7439-46 [8002565] J Bacteriol. 1994 Dec;176(24):7506-15 [8002574] Plant Mol Biol. 1995 Feb;27(3):587-95 [7894021] Genes Dev. 1995 Apr 1;9(7):821-31 [7705659] Can J Microbiol. 1995 Feb;41(2):170-6 [7720013] EMBO J. 1995 May 15;14(10):2393-9 [7774597] Bioessays. 1995 May;17(5):457-64 [7786292] Nat Struct Biol. 1994 Aug;1(8):532-7 [7664081] J Bacteriol. 1995 Sep;177(17):4947-62 [7665471] J Bacteriol. 1995 Oct;177(19):5495-505 [7559335] Mol Biol (Mosk). 1995 Sep-Oct;29(5):1023-39 [8538598] Methods Enzymol. 1995;262:98-107 [8594388] J Bacteriol. 1996 Jan;178(1):130-5 [8550406] Plant Mol Biol. 1995 Nov;29(4):863-8 [8541511] Mutat Res. 1999 Dec 7;435(3):233-43 [10606814] Trends Cell Biol. 1999 Dec;9(12):M5-8 [10611671] Mutat Res. 1991 May;254(3):263-72 [1711152] J Bacteriol. 1991 Jul;173(14):4454-63 [2066341] J Bacteriol. 1991 Oct;173(19):6110-7 [1655698] Res Microbiol. 1991 Feb-Apr;142(2-3):217-22 [1656494] J Bacteriol. 1991 Nov;173(22):7368-73 [1938927] J Bacteriol. 1991 Dec;173(23):7615-24 [1938957] J Bacteriol. 1992 Oct;174(20):6321-5 [1328155] Plasmid. 1992 Nov;28(3):258-61 [1461940] J Biol Chem. 1999 Nov 5;274(45):32015-22 [10542233] Annu Rev Microbiol. 1999;53:495-523 [10547699] Nucleic Acids Res. 1999 Dec 1;27(23):4658-70 [10556324] Science. 1999 Nov 19;286(5444):1571-7 [10567266] Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 1999 Dec;63(4):751-813, table of contents [10585965] Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):27-30 [10592173] Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):33-6 [10592175] Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):123-5 [10592199] Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):231-4 [10592234] J Mol Evol. 1999 Dec;49(6):709-15 [10594171] Mutat Res. 1999 Dec 7;435(3):171-213 [10606811] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1997 Jun 12;1326(2):307-18 [9218561] Gene. 1997 Jun 3;191(2):197-204 [9218720] Nucleic Acids Res. 1997 Sep 1;25(17):3389-402 [9254694] Electrophoresis. 1997 Aug;18(8):1451-63 [9298659] Proc Int Conf Intell Syst Mol Biol. 1997;5:333-9 [9322058] Int J Syst Bacteriol. 1997 Oct;47(4):939-47 [9336890] Annu Rev Microbiol. 1997;51:203-24 [9343349] Science. 1997 Oct 24;278(5338):631-7 [9381173] J Biol Chem. 2000 Mar 31;275(13):9091-4 [10734038] Bioinformatics. 1999 Dec;15(12):1000-11 [10745990] Genes Dev. 2000 Apr 1;14(7):777-82 [10766734] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2000 Jun;66(6):2620-6 [10831446] Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2000 Jun;11(3):280-5 [10851141] J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol. 1999 Nov;1(2):303-5 [10943560] Arch Mikrobiol. 1965 Jul 20;51(3):267-89 [5882498] Nature. 1966 Jan 1;209(5018):49-52 [5925331] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1966 Jul 20;123(1):26-33 [5964047] J Bacteriol. 1968 Feb;95(2):641-57 [5640386] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1968 Sep;61(1):176-83 [5303325] J Gen Microbiol. 1971 Apr;66(1):29-35 [4934504] Int J Radiat Biol Relat Stud Phys Chem Med. 1971;19(1):13-9 [5316586] Bacteriol Rev. 1972 Dec;36(4):407-77 [4568761] Arch Mikrobiol. 1973 Dec 4;94(1):77-87 [4133060] Int J Radiat Biol Relat Stud Phys Chem Med. 1974 Apr;25(4):329-37 [4545834] Mol Microbiol. 1998 Sep;29(5):1129-36 [9767581] Science. 1998 Oct 23;282(5389):754-9 [9784136] Nat Biotechnol. 1998 Oct;16(10):929-33 [9788348] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Oct 27;95(22):12838-43 [9789001] Genes Cells. 1998 Aug;3(8):511-20 [9797453] Genome Res. 1998 Oct;8(10):1038-47 [9799791] Trends Genet. 1998 Nov;14(11):442-4 [9825671] Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 1998 Dec;62(4):1435-91 [9841678] Immunity. 1998 Nov;9(5):657-68 [9846487] Nucleic Acids Res. 1999 Jan 1;27(1):254-6 [9847194] Genome Res. 1998 Nov;8(11):1131-41 [9847077] J Bacteriol. 1998 Dec;180(24):6642-8 [9852009] Science. 1998 Dec 11;282(5396):2022-8 [9851918] Trends Biochem Sci. 1998 Nov;23(11):444-7 [9852764] J Bacteriol. 1999 Jan;181(1):334-7 [9864347] Trends Biochem Sci. 1998 Dec;23(12):469-72 [9868367] J Biochem. 1999 Jan;125(1):1-8 [9880788] Mamm Genome. 1998 Dec;9(12):1032-5 [9880673] J Bacteriol. 1999 Jan;181(2):666-9 [9882685] Bioinformatics. 1998;14(9):755-63 [9918945] Genome Res. 1999 Jan;9(1):17-26 [9927481] Comp Biochem Physiol C Pharmacol Toxicol Endocrinol. 1998 Nov;121(1-3):185-95 [9972460] Nucleic Acids Res. 1999 Mar 1;27(5):1223-42 [9973609] Nucleic Acids Res. 1999 Apr 1;27(7):1609-18 [10075991] J Appl Microbiol. 1999 Apr;86(4):622-34 [10212408] J Biochem. 1981 Sep;90(3):877-80 [7309705] Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand B. 1981 Oct;89(5):293-301 [7315351] Gene. 1985;33(3):305-11 [2989093] Zentralbl Mikrobiol. 1985;140(3):247-54 [2412365] J Biol Chem. 1985 Oct 5;260(22):12219-23 [4044593] J Bacteriol. 1985 Nov;164(2):816-22 [2865248] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1986 Jan;51(1):88-90 [3513701] J Mol Biol. 1986 Jan 20;187(2):241-50 [3701865] Semin Nucl Med. 1986 Jul;16(3):158-70 [3529404] J Bacteriol. 1987 May;169(5):1929-37 [3106324] Mutat Res. 1988 Mar-Apr;207(3-4):117-9 [3357488] J Bacteriol. 1988 May;170(5):2126-35 [2834326] Gene. 1988 Jun 30;66(2):245-58 [3049247] J Bacteriol. 1989 Jun;171(6):3133-8 [2785985] Arch Biochem Biophys. 1989 Nov 15;275(1):244-51 [2817898] Plasmid. 1989 Sep;22(2):132-42 [2695951] Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Sep 25;18(18):5457-63 [2216719] J Bacteriol. 1991 Mar;173(5):1696-703 [1847907] J Bacteriol. 1991 Mar;173(6):2137-40 [1705931] Gene. 1991 Feb 1;98(1):45-52 [1849496] Mutat Res. 1991 May;254(3):207-15 [1711150] J Bacteriol. 1963 Aug;86:294-8 [14058955] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1964 Aug 12;87:664-8 [14220696] Mol Gen Genet. 1992 Nov;235(2-3):397-405 [1465112] Annu Rev Genet. 1992;26:71-112 [1482126] FASEB J. 1993 Jan;7(1):113-23 [8422957] J Mol Biol. 1993 Feb 20;229(4):833-48 [8445651] Plant Mol Biol. 1993 Mar;21(5):907-12 [8467082] Plant J. 1992 Mar;2(2):241-52 [1302052] J Bacteriol. 1993 Jun;175(11):3581-90 [8501062] Science. 1993 Aug 6;261(5122):715-25 [8342038] J Bacteriol. 1993 Aug;175(16):5242-52 [8349564] Plant J. 1993 Mar;3(3):363-9 [8220448] Plant Physiol. 1993 Feb;101(2):695-6 [8278514] Gene. 1994 Apr 8;141(1):31-7 [8163172] Radiat Res. 1994 May;138(2):282-5 [8183999] Nature. 1994 Jun 16;369(6481):578-81 [8202161] J Bacteriol. 1994 Jun;176(12):3508-17 [8206827] Plant Mol Biol. 1994 Jun;25(3):559-64 [8049379] Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 1996 Apr;60(4):717-20 [8829547] Mutat Res. 1996 May 15;363(1):1-7 [8632774] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Jun 11;93(12):6059-63 [8650219] Biochemistry. 1996 Jun 4;35(22):7041-50 [8679529] Methods Enzymol. 1996;266:383-402 [8743695] Methods Enzymol. 1996;266:418-27 [8743697] Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand B. 1981 Oct;89(5):303-9 [7315352] J Bacteriol. 1982 Jan;149(1):54-8 [7054151] Mutat Res. 1983 Mar;108(1-3):57-66 [6835231] J Bacteriol. 1983 Nov;156(2):576-83 [6313608] J Gen Microbiol. 1983 Aug;129(8):2437-45 [6415229] Mutat Res. 1985 May;145(3):119-28 [3838572] Adv Enzymol Relat Areas Mol Biol. 1999;73:103-34, x [10218107] FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1999 May 1;174(1):57-63 [10234822] Curr Biol. 1999 May 20;9(10):531-4 [10339434] Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 1999 Jun;63(2):479-506 [10357859] Nature. 1999 May 27;399(6734):323-9 [10360571] J Mol Biol. 1999 Jun 18;289(4):729-45 [10369758] Genome Res. 1999 Jul;9(7):608-28 [10413400] FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1999 Jul 1;176(1):111-6 [10418137] Science. 1999 Jul 30;285(5428):751-3 [10427000] J Mol Evol. 1999 Aug;49(2):290-7 [10441680] J Biol Chem. 1999 Aug 20;274(34):24176-86 [10446192] Trends Microbiol. 1999 Sep;7(9):362-5 [10470044] Science. 1999 Sep 3;285(5433):1558-62 [10477518] J Bacteriol. 1996 Feb;178(3):633-7 [8550493] J Biol Chem. 1996 May 3;271(18):10821-6 [8631896] Science. 1999 Dec 24;286(5449):2517-20 [10617469] Nat Biotechnol. 2000 Jan;18(1):85-90 [10625398] Trends Genet. 2000 Jan;16(1):9-11 [10637623] Res Microbiol. 1999 Nov-Dec;150(9-10):711-24 [10673009] Infect Immun. 2000 Mar;68(3):1633-48 [10678983] Genetica. 1999;106(1-2):159-70 [10710722] J Bacteriol. 1996 Aug;178(15):4461-71 [8755873] Radiat Environ Biophys. 1996 May;35(2):95-9 [8792456] Annu Rev Biochem. 1996;65:15-42 [8811173] J Biol Chem. 1996 Oct 11;271(41):25059-62 [8810257] Mol Microbiol. 1995 Dec;18(5):801-11 [8825084] J Bacteriol. 1996 Dec;178(23):6759-65 [8955293] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1997 Feb 11;1334(1):28-32 [9042362] Trends Biochem Sci. 1997 Feb;22(2):39-42 [9048478] J Mol Biol. 1997 Feb 28;266(3):576-93 [9067611] Gene. 1997 Mar 18;187(2):225-9 [9099885] Int J Syst Bacteriol. 1997 Apr;47(2):510-4 [9103641] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1997 May;63(5):2062-6 [9143135] Virology. 1997 Jun 23;233(1):19-42 [9201214] Nucleic Acids Res. 1997 Nov 15;25(22):4626-38 [9358175] Gene. 1997 Oct 1;198(1-2):115-26 [9370272] Nature. 1997 Nov 20;390(6657):249-56 [9384377] Trends Biochem Sci. 1997 Nov;22(11):417-8 [9397680] Plant Mol Biol. 1997 Dec;35(6):847-54 [9426604] Trends Biochem Sci. 1997 Dec;22(12):458-9 [9433123] Genetica. 1997;100(1-3):63-72 [9440259] Nucleic Acids Res. 1998 Apr 1;26(7):1741-8 [9512547] Cell. 1998 Mar 20;92(6):841-50 [9529259] Genes Dev. 1998 Apr 15;12(8):1134-44 [9553043] Trends Biochem Sci. 1998 Apr;23(4):127-9 [9584613] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 May 26;95(11):5857-64 [9600884] Nature. 1998 Jun 11;393(6685):537-44 [9634230] RNA. 1998 Jul;4(7):750-65 [9671049] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Aug 4;95(16):9226-31 [9689062] J Mol Biol. 1998 Sep 11;282(1):195-208 [9733650] Curr Biol. 1998 Sep 10;8(18):R634-5 [9740808] Annu Rev Biochem. 1998;67:71-98 [9759483] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recent Arctic change simulated with a coupled ice-ocean model AN - 50156899; 2001-054793 AB - A high-resolution coupled ice-ocean model, forced with 1983-1997 European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts data, is used to explore recent Arctic change. In response to changes in atmospheric circulation, stronger cyclonic circulation is present in Arctic sea ice and upper ocean in the late 1980s and early 1990s as compared to the early 1980s, manifested as the weakening of the Beaufort Gyre and the shifting of the Transpolar Drift Stream. Corroborating previous studies, ice divergence in the central Arctic Ocean is highly correlated with surface atmospheric vorticity in summer, suggesting that summer atmospheric circulation is more important than winter for inducing interannual variability of the central Arctic ice divergence and growth rate. The weakening of the summer atmospheric cyclonic circulation from the earlier period to the later period over the Canadian Basin leads to decreased ice divergence there, which then has significant impact on the ice growth rate by reducing ice formation in fall and winter. For the 15 year period, variability in the spatial distribution of ice concentration and thickness is largely determined by the ice dynamics, which is dominated by the atmospheric circulation, except over the Greenland and Labrador Seas, where the ice thermodynamics plays a more important role. The model simulation supports the recent observations of increased presence of Atlantic Water in the Arctic Ocean. The spatial pattern of warming and salinization of the Arctic Atlantic layer follows the pathways of the strengthened boundary currents along the continental slopes and over the ridges, thereby slowly spreading more Atlantic Water downstream from the eastern Arctic into the western Arctic. The integrations with and without surface temperature restoring indicate that the restoring leads to a warmer ocean surface temperature. However, the restoring has little impact on its interannual variability for the 15 year period. Copyright 2001 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Zhang, Yuxia AU - Hunke, Elizabeth C Y1 - 2001/03// PY - 2001 DA - March 2001 SP - 4369 EP - 4390 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 106 IS - C3 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - currents KW - high-resolution methods KW - ocean circulation KW - sea ice KW - coupled ice-ocean model KW - atmosphere KW - Beaufort Gyre KW - Special Sensor Microwave/Imager KW - environmental analysis KW - cyclones KW - ocean currents KW - models KW - atmospheric circulation KW - Medium-Range Weather Forecasts KW - scanning multichannel microwave radiometer KW - ice KW - Transpolar Drift Stream KW - Arctic Ocean KW - meteorology KW - world ocean KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50156899?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Recent+Arctic+change+simulated+with+a+coupled+ice-ocean+model&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Yuxia%3BHunke%2C+Elizabeth+C&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Yuxia&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=C3&rft.spage=4369&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2000JC900159 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arctic Ocean; atmosphere; atmospheric circulation; Beaufort Gyre; coupled ice-ocean model; currents; cyclones; environmental analysis; high-resolution methods; ice; Medium-Range Weather Forecasts; meteorology; models; ocean circulation; ocean currents; scanning multichannel microwave radiometer; sea ice; Special Sensor Microwave/Imager; Transpolar Drift Stream; world ocean DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000JC900159 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Signaling by Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 agonists results in differential gene expression in murine macrophages AN - 17855213; 4884592 AB - Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis has been reported to differ structurally and functionally from enterobacterial LPS. These studies demonstrate that in contrast to protein-free enterobacterial LPS, a similarly purified preparation of P. gingivalis LPS exhibited potent Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), rather than TLR4, agonist activity to elicit gene expression and cytokine secretion in murine macrophages and transfectants. More importantly, TLR2 stimulation by this P. gingivalis LPS preparation resulted in differential expression of a panel of genes that are normally induced in murine macrophages by Escherichia coli LPS. These data suggest that (i) P. gingivalis LPS does not signal through TLR4 and (ii) signaling through TLR2 and through TLR4 differs quantitatively and qualitatively. Our data support the hypothesis that the shared signaling pathways elicited by TLR2 and by TLR4 agonists must diverge in order to account for the distinct patterns of inflammatory gene expression. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Hirschfeld, M AU - Weis, J J AU - Toshchakov, V AU - Salkowski, CA AU - Cody, MJ AU - Ward, D C AU - Qureshi, N AU - Michalek, S M AU - Vogel, S N AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, USUHS, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA, vogel@bob.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2001/03// PY - 2001 DA - Mar 2001 SP - 1477 EP - 1482 VL - 69 IS - 3 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - mice KW - gene expression KW - Lipopolysaccharides KW - Porphyromonas gingivalis KW - TLR2 protein KW - TLR4 protein KW - Toll-like receptors KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - Gene expression KW - Macrophages KW - Agonists KW - Receptors KW - Escherichia coli KW - Cytokines KW - Inflammation KW - F 06758:Genetics KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17855213?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Signaling+by+Toll-like+receptor+2+and+4+agonists+results+in+differential+gene+expression+in+murine+macrophages&rft.au=Hirschfeld%2C+M%3BWeis%2C+J+J%3BToshchakov%2C+V%3BSalkowski%2C+CA%3BCody%2C+MJ%3BWard%2C+D+C%3BQureshi%2C+N%3BMichalek%2C+S+M%3BVogel%2C+S+N&rft.aulast=Hirschfeld&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1477&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Porphyromonas gingivalis; Escherichia coli; Macrophages; Inflammation; Receptors; Agonists; Gene expression; Cytokines ER - TY - CONF T1 - Beach nourishment of National Park lands--Defining our policy AN - 17674850; 5347342 AB - Beach nourishment is an action under consideration by the National Park Service (NPS) for its effect on natural resources. Each park is created with distinct enabling legislation, resulting in over 50 different seashores and lakeshores with sandy coasts. NPS Management Policies (1988) state NPS "will manage the natural resources of the Natural Park System to maintain, rehabilitate, and perpetuate their inherent integrity. In natural zones, natural shoreline processes (erosion, deposition, dune formation, inlet formation, and shoreline migration) that are not influenced by human actions will be allowed to continue without abatement except where control measures are required by law." With the installation of jetties at Ocean City Inlet, MD, in the mid 1930's, Assateague Island began to erode. This accelerated erosion of the National Seashore is a direct result of artificial structures. Beach nourishment is under consideration to restore this seashore and mitigate for this previous structural action. Enabling legislation from 1937 states that Cape Hatteras National Seashore "shall be permanently reserved as a primitive wilderness." With an adjacent beach nourishment project in northern Dare County under development and vulnerable sections of Highway 12 within the Seashore, NPS is faced with increasing demands to evaluate the impact of beach nourishment on public lands. At Cape Hatteras National Seashore, artificial nourishment of a natural beach has been deemed contrary to the park's legislation and NPS policy. JF - Geological Society of America. Programs with Abstracts AU - Beavers, R L Y1 - 2001/03// PY - 2001 DA - Mar 2001 SP - A EP - 32 PB - Geological Society of America, 3300 Penrose PL Boulder CO 80301 USA VL - 33 IS - 2 KW - Jetties KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Marine KW - Q5 01522:Protective measures and control KW - Q2 02124:Coastal zone management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17674850?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geological+Society+of+America.+Programs+with+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Beach+nourishment+of+National+Park+lands--Defining+our+policy&rft.au=Beavers%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Beavers&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=A&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geological+Society+of+America.+Programs+with+Abstracts&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Hurricane-related precipitation cannot be predicted on usefull time intervals - Only quantitative precipitation estimation makes sense AN - 39331192; 3580873 AU - Elsberry, R L Y1 - 2001/02/26/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 26 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39331192?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Hurricane-related+precipitation+cannot+be+predicted+on+usefull+time+intervals+-+Only+quantitative+precipitation+estimation+makes+sense&rft.au=Elsberry%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Elsberry&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-02-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St., Boston, MA 02108-3693, USA; URL: www.ametsoc.org. Poster Paper No. PD1.2 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Predictability of mesoscale quantitative precipitation AN - 39279716; 3580720 AU - Nuss, WA AU - Miller, D K Y1 - 2001/02/26/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 26 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39279716?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Predictability+of+mesoscale+quantitative+precipitation&rft.au=Nuss%2C+WA%3BMiller%2C+D+K&rft.aulast=Nuss&rft.aufirst=WA&rft.date=2001-02-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St., Boston, MA 02108-3693, USA; URL: www.ametsoc.org. Poster Paper No. P1.17 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Overview of the development of heavy precipitation associated with the extratropical transition of tropical cyclones AN - 39270510; 3580839 AU - Harr, P A AU - Elsberry, R L Y1 - 2001/02/26/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 26 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39270510?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Overview+of+the+development+of+heavy+precipitation+associated+with+the+extratropical+transition+of+tropical+cyclones&rft.au=Harr%2C+P+A%3BElsberry%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Harr&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-02-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St., Boston, MA 02108-3693, USA; URL: www.ametsoc.org. Paper No. 7.2 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Substrate Choice by Three Species of Darters (Teleostei: Percidae) in an Artificial Stream: Effects of a Nonnative Species AN - 17845614; 4873503 AB - Etheostoma zonale, the banded darter, was introduced to the Susquehanna River basin, Pennsylvania, through an interbasin transfer. We examined the effects of darter density and the presence of E. zonale on the substrate choice of two native darter species (Etheostoma olmstedi, the tessellated darter, and Percina peltata, the shield darter) in an artificial stream. In single species trials, E. olmstedi, E. zonale, and P. peltata exhibited nonrandom substrate selection and occupied patches of large substrate significantly (P < 0.05) more often than expected. No intraspecific density effects were observed. The presence of E. zonale did not affect the substrate choice of P. peltata but did induce a shift of E. olmstedi from large to small substrate in high-density trials (P < 0.05). Etheostoma zonale was most frequently the aggressor in behavioral interactions. Neither E. olmstedi nor P. peltata directed any agonistic behavior toward E. zonale; however 40% of aggressive acts initiated by E. zonale were directed toward E. olmstedi and P. peltata. Displacement of E. olmstedi by the aggressor E. zonale suggests potential deleterious effects on the native species. JF - Copeia AU - van Snik Gray, E AU - Stauffer, JR Jr AD - United States National Park Service, National Capital Region, 4598 MacArthur Boulevard, USA, ellen_gray@nps.gov Y1 - 2001/02/16/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 16 SP - 254 EP - 261 VL - 2001 IS - 1 SN - 0045-8511, 0045-8511 KW - Banded darter KW - Shield darter KW - Tessellated darter KW - True perches KW - USA, Pennsylvania KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts KW - Rivers KW - Etheostoma olmstedi KW - Freshwater KW - Habitat selection KW - Percina peltata KW - Streams KW - Agonistic behaviour KW - Percidae KW - Substrate preferences KW - Aggressive behaviour KW - Substrates KW - USA, Pennsylvania, Susquehanna R. KW - Etheostoma zonale KW - Introduced species KW - Q1 08483:Species interactions: general KW - Q1 08341:General KW - Y 25505:Fish KW - D 04668:Fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17845614?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Copeia&rft.atitle=Substrate+Choice+by+Three+Species+of+Darters+%28Teleostei%3A+Percidae%29+in+an+Artificial+Stream%3A+Effects+of+a+Nonnative+Species&rft.au=van+Snik+Gray%2C+E%3BStauffer%2C+JR+Jr&rft.aulast=van+Snik+Gray&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2001-02-16&rft.volume=2001&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=254&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Copeia&rft.issn=00458511&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Substrate preferences; Aggressive behaviour; Habitat selection; Introduced species; Agonistic behaviour; Substrates; Streams; Etheostoma olmstedi; Etheostoma zonale; Percina peltata; Percidae; USA, Pennsylvania, Susquehanna R.; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neuroprotection from glutamate toxicity with ultra-low dose glutamate. AN - 70574354; 11209946 AB - The protective effects of ultra-low doses (ULD) of glutamate against glutamate toxicity was studied in primary rat spinal, cortical and cerebellar neurons. Neurons were exposed to four subtoxic, ultra-low concentrations of glutamate (10(-18) M, 10(-20)M, 10(-22) M and 10(-30) M) for 72 h and then subsequently challenged with toxic concentrations (25 microM) of glutamate. Neuron viability was consistently 10% higher in spinal and cortical neurons pre-exposed to glutamate concentrations of 10(-18) M and 10(-22) M, and in cerebellar neurons pre-exposed to 10(-20) M and 10(-30) M. Using laser scanning confocal microscopy and the fluorescent calcium probe fluo-3, we found no alterations in intracellular calcium dynamics in the protected cells. This protective effect is consistent with a growing body of evidence for tolerance induced by low-dose toxin exposure but is the first time that such tolerance has been demonstrated with ultra-low glutamate exposure. Our data show that pre-exposure of neuronal cells to ULD glutamate can protect against subsequent exposure to toxic levels of glutamate. JF - Neuroreport AU - Jonas, W AU - Lin, Y AU - Tortella, F AD - Department of Family Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2001/02/12/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 12 SP - 335 EP - 339 VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 0959-4965, 0959-4965 KW - Neuroprotective Agents KW - 0 KW - Glutamic Acid KW - 3KX376GY7L KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Indicator Dilution Techniques KW - Cell Membrane -- metabolism KW - Biological Transport -- drug effects KW - Homeopathy KW - Glutamic Acid -- toxicity KW - Neurons -- metabolism KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Neurons -- cytology KW - Neuroprotective Agents -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70574354?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuroreport&rft.atitle=Neuroprotection+from+glutamate+toxicity+with+ultra-low+dose+glutamate.&rft.au=Jonas%2C+W%3BLin%2C+Y%3BTortella%2C+F&rft.aulast=Jonas&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2001-02-12&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=335&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuroreport&rft.issn=09594965&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-03-29 N1 - Date created - 2001-02-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Image-guided transphenoidal drainage of a cholesterol granuloma of the petrous apex in a child. AN - 85355349; pmid-11165656 AB - Cholesterol granulomas of the petrous apex are well-described lesions that originate from chronic obstruction of the air cells in the petrous pyramid. Intracranial surgery, associated with multiple potential complications, has been the salutary action to treat this entity with only two reports of endoscopic drainage of a cholesterol granuloma of the paranasal sinuses. We present the first pediatric patient to be treated by not only endoscopic drainage, but also by the incorporation of computer-assisted image-guided surgery to minimize risk of injury to structures adjacent to the posterior wall of the sphenoid sinus. JF - International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology AU - Michaelson, P G AU - Cable, B B AU - Mair, E A AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - Feb 2001 SP - 165 EP - 169 VL - 57 IS - 2 SN - 0165-5876, 0165-5876 KW - Index Medicus KW - National Library of Medicine KW - Adolescent KW - *Cholesterol KW - *Drainage: methods KW - Endoscopy KW - Female KW - *Granuloma, Foreign-Body: surgery KW - Humans KW - *Petrous Bone KW - Sphenoid Sinus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85355349?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+pediatric+otorhinolaryngology&rft.atitle=Image-guided+transphenoidal+drainage+of+a+cholesterol+granuloma+of+the+petrous+apex+in+a+child.&rft.au=Michaelson%2C+P+G%3BCable%2C+B+B%3BMair%2C+E+A&rft.aulast=Michaelson&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+pediatric+otorhinolaryngology&rft.issn=01655876&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English (eng) DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2011-12-15 N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The response of the polar regions to increased CO (sub 2) in a global climate model with elastic-viscous-plastic sea ice AN - 51330965; 2001-050690 AB - A global atmosphere-ocean-sea ice general circulation model (GCM) is used in simulations of climate with present-day atmospheric CO (sub 2) concentrations, and with CO (sub 2) increasing to double the present-day values. The Parallel Climate Model includes the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) atmospheric GCM, the Los Alamos National Laboratory ocean GCM, and the Naval Postgraduate School dynamic-thermodynamic sea ice model. The ocean and sea ice grids are at substantially higher resolution than has been previously used in global climate models. The model is implemented on distributed, parallel computer architectures to make computation on the high-resolution grids feasible. The sea ice dynamics uses an elastic-viscous-plastic ice rheology with an explicit solution of the ice stress tensor, which has not previously been used in a coupled, global climate model. The simulations of sea ice and the polar climate in the present-day experiment are compared with observed ice and climate data. The ice cover is too extensive in both hemispheres, leading to a large area of lower-than-observed surface temperatures. The Arctic exhibits a persistent high pressure system that drives the ice motion anticyclonically around the central Arctic. The ice thickness is greatest near the Chukchi Peninsula. Ice is exported through the Fram Strait, though the Canadian Archipelago, and inward through the Bering Strait. The modeled Antarctic sea ice moves at a faster speed than the observational data suggest. Many of the results and biases of the model are similar to those of the NCAR Climate System Model, which has the same atmospheric model component. The response of the model to the increase in CO (sub 2) shows a significant thinning of the Arctic sea ice by 0.5 m but only a 10% decrease in ice area. Ice concentrations are reduced within the ice pack, while the ice edges are relatively unchanged. The Antarctic sea ice exhibits much less change in area and little change in thickness, in agreement with the reduced warming in the entire Southern Hemisphere. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Weatherly, John W AU - Zhang, Yuxia Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - February 2001 SP - 268 EP - 283 PB - American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - models comparison KW - sea ice KW - ice cover KW - coupling KW - global change KW - simulation KW - climate change KW - carbon dioxide KW - levels KW - ice KW - thickness KW - parallel climate model KW - Arctic Ocean KW - thermodynamic properties KW - plasticity KW - climate KW - general circulation models KW - polar regions KW - elasticity KW - climate system model KW - global KW - Antarctic Ocean KW - atmosphere KW - Southern Hemisphere KW - viscosity KW - marine environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51330965?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=The+response+of+the+polar+regions+to+increased+CO+%28sub+2%29+in+a+global+climate+model+with+elastic-viscous-plastic+sea+ice&rft.au=Weatherly%2C+John+W%3BZhang%2C+Yuxia&rft.aulast=Weatherly&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=268&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://journals.ametsoc.org/loi/clim LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - PubXState - MA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antarctic Ocean; Arctic Ocean; atmosphere; carbon dioxide; climate; climate change; climate system model; coupling; elasticity; general circulation models; global; global change; ice; ice cover; levels; marine environment; models comparison; parallel climate model; plasticity; polar regions; sea ice; simulation; Southern Hemisphere; thermodynamic properties; thickness; viscosity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Antarctic circumpolar current response to zonally averaged winds AN - 51023368; 2002-057339 AB - Coherence analysis techniques are applied to study transport and wind forcing over a broad range of frequencies. Highest coherencies occur for winds at latitudes on the south side of Drake Passage with barotrophic ocean transport lagging wind forcing by a constant phase lag of about one eighteenth of a cycle at a broad range of frequencies. Surface transport lags by a longer phase interval and wind stress curl north of Drake Passage is more coherent with transport than is wind stress curl in the latitudes of Drake Passage. Ocean transport lags wind stress curl. General circulation model transports from the Parallel Ocean Program and from the Parallel Ocean Climate Model are coherent with wind stress from the south side of Drake Passage and with wind stress curl from latitudes north of Drake Passage. The model fails to reflect the observed phase lags implying that the effective model viscosity may be too large. (Mod. auth. abstr.) JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Gille, Sarah T AU - Stevens, David P AU - Tokmakian, Robert T AU - Heywood, Karen J A2 - King, Brian A. Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - February 2001 SP - 2743 EP - 2759 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 106 IS - C2 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - currents KW - Circum-Antarctic region KW - Southern Ocean KW - sea surface height KW - ocean circulation KW - Drake Passage KW - pressure KW - time series analysis KW - Antarctic Ocean KW - stress KW - statistical analysis KW - Antarctic Circumpolar Current KW - altimetry KW - satellite methods KW - ocean currents KW - measurement KW - winds KW - TOPEX/POSEIDON KW - remote sensing KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51023368?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Antarctic+circumpolar+current+response+to+zonally+averaged+winds&rft.au=Gille%2C+Sarah+T%3BStevens%2C+David+P%3BTokmakian%2C+Robert+T%3BHeywood%2C+Karen+J&rft.aulast=Gille&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=C2&rft.spage=2743&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F1999JC900333 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - altimetry; Antarctic Circumpolar Current; Antarctic Ocean; Circum-Antarctic region; currents; Drake Passage; measurement; ocean circulation; ocean currents; pressure; remote sensing; satellite methods; sea surface height; Southern Ocean; statistical analysis; stress; time series analysis; TOPEX/POSEIDON; winds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1999JC900333 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Low-Risk Stress Fractures AN - 18160571; 4876541 AB - Stress fractures can occur in almost any bone in the body, with the lower extremity weightbearing bones, especially the tibia, tarsals, and metatarsals, being affected most frequently. Although the cause of these fractures is multifactoral, repetitive physical forces without adequate rest are the primary culprits. Stress fractures may be broadly classified as low-risk or high-risk injuries. Low-risk stress fractures, the topic of this review article, can be diagnosed through a thorough history, physical examination, and radiographs. Nuclear scintigraphy is occasionally necessary for confirmation, especially for fractures of the spine and pelvis. When diagnosed early and treated with restriction of activity, low-risk stress fractures have a favorable prognosis. JF - American Journal of Sports Medicine AU - Boden, B P AU - Osbahr, D C AU - Jimenez, C AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, The Orthopaedic Center, 9711 Medical Center Drive, #201, Rockville, MD 20850, USA Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - Feb 2001 SP - 100 EP - 111 VL - 29 IS - 1 SN - 0363-5465, 0363-5465 KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Physical Education Index KW - Risk assessment KW - Bones KW - Fractures KW - Stress KW - Legs KW - sports related injuries KW - Bone KW - Fingers KW - Risk factors KW - H 11000:Diseases/Injuries/Trauma KW - PE 090:Sports Medicine & Exercise Sport Science KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18160571?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Sports+Medicine&rft.atitle=Low-Risk+Stress+Fractures&rft.au=Boden%2C+B+P%3BOsbahr%2C+D+C%3BJimenez%2C+C&rft.aulast=Boden&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=100&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Sports+Medicine&rft.issn=03635465&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Physical Education Index; ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fractures; Bones; Risk factors; Fingers; Legs; Bone; sports related injuries; Risk assessment; Stress ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Catastrophic Injuries in Pole-Vaulters AN - 18155610; 4876481 AB - Pole vaulting is a unique sport in that athletes often land from heights ranging from 10 to 20 feet. We retrospectively reviewed 32 catastrophic pole-vault injuries that were reported to the National Center for Catastrophic Sports Injury Research between 1982 and 1998. The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanisms of injury so that preventive strategies can be implemented. Information was obtained by means of a telephone interview with someone familiar with the accident. All injuries occurred in male athletes at an average age of 17.5 years; 31 were catastrophic head injuries and 1 was a thoracic spine fracture that resulted in paraplegia. Three common mechanisms were identified: 17 (53%) athletes landed with their body on the landing pad and their head on the surrounding hard ground, 8 (25%) landed in the vault box after being stranded at the height of the jump, and 5 (16%) completely missed the landing pad. The mechanism of injury in the remaining two athletes was unknown. The accident resulted in death in 16 (50%) athletes and in permanent disability in 6 (19%). Increasing the minimum landing pad size and enforcing the rule requiring soft surfaces adjacent to the landing pads are the primary recommendations for preventing injuries. The authors discuss other rule and equipment changes that may help reduce the occurrence of future injuries. JF - American Journal of Sports Medicine AU - Boden, B P AU - Pasquina, P AU - Johnson, J AU - Mueller, F O AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, The Orthopaedic Center, 9711 Medical Center Drive, #201, Rockville, MD 20850, USA Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - Feb 2001 SP - 50 EP - 54 VL - 29 IS - 1 SN - 0363-5465, 0363-5465 KW - athletes KW - pole vaulting KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Physical Education Index KW - sports related injuries KW - Track and field (pole vault) KW - Mortality KW - Accidents KW - Athletic injuries KW - Trauma KW - H 11000:Diseases/Injuries/Trauma KW - PE 090:Sports Medicine & Exercise Sport Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18155610?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Sports+Medicine&rft.atitle=Catastrophic+Injuries+in+Pole-Vaulters&rft.au=Boden%2C+B+P%3BPasquina%2C+P%3BJohnson%2C+J%3BMueller%2C+F+O&rft.aulast=Boden&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=50&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Sports+Medicine&rft.issn=03635465&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Physical Education Index; ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Athletic injuries; Track and field (pole vault); Trauma; Accidents; sports related injuries; Mortality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of hydropattern disturbance on crayfish population dynamics in the seasonal wetlands of Everglades National Park, USA AN - 17869727; 4882805 AB - The natural hydropattern in the seasonally-flooded marl prairie wetlands of Everglades National Park has been severely disrupted by human water control activities, seriously impacting higher trophic organisms, e.g. wading birds, that depend on these wetlands. Less is known about the impacts on key aquatic fauna, such as crayfish Procambarus alleni, or how these populations might respond to proposed habitat restoration strategies. Under severe environmental stress, populations of burrowing crayfish are predicted to have skewed size structure, low reproductive success, low survival, and widespread dispersal. As predicted for populations in stressed habitats, crayfish density was low, small dispersing adults were dominant, juvenile abundance was low, and survival was low in habitats where the hydroperiod (duration of flooding) was short and groundwater level was lowest. Crayfish dispersed during flooding, but during the drydown, they burrowed rather than sought deeper water. This dispersal strategy may be adaptive for surviving in seasonal wetlands, but this had severe consequences on survival in disturbed habitats with shortened hydroperiods. Survival in burrows during the dry season was high in the longer-hydroperiod habitats but was zero in the short-hydroperiod habitat where the groundwater level fell more than 1 m. Long-hydroperiod marl prairie may function as sources, whereas short-hydroperiod habitats act as population sinks. Our study suggests that the threshold conditions for preventing mass mortality of crayfish in these wetlands are hydroperiods > 7 months and groundwater levels < 0.5 m below the surface during the dry season. Historical (pre-drainage) hydroperiods appear to be restricted to the longest hydroperiod areas of the marl prairie. This indicates that much of the marl prairie wetlands now function as population sinks for crayfish and other invertebrates. The historical hydropatterns need to be re-established throughout the marl prairie wetlands to achieve the restoration goal of increasing productivity in the aquatic faunal community. JF - Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems AU - Acosta, CA AU - Perry, SA AD - South Florida Natural Resources Center, Everglades National Park, 40001 State Road 9336, Homestead, FL 33034, USA, charles_acosta@nps.gov Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - Feb 2001 SP - 45 EP - 57 VL - 11 IS - 1 SN - 1052-7613, 1052-7613 KW - freshwater crustaceans KW - marl prairie wetlands KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Procambarus alleni KW - USA, Florida, Everglades Natl. Park KW - Aquatic Animals KW - National parks KW - Man-induced effects KW - Water Birds KW - Population dynamics KW - Water Use KW - Restoration KW - Floods KW - Hydrology KW - Wetlands KW - Water Control KW - Seasonal variations KW - Temporal variations KW - Crayfish KW - Aquatic Habitats KW - Flooding KW - Disturbance KW - Dispersal KW - Mortality causes KW - SW 4070:Ecological impact of water development KW - Q1 08442:Population dynamics KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes KW - D 04712:Environmental degradation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17869727?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Conservation%3A+Marine+and+Freshwater+Ecosystems&rft.atitle=Impact+of+hydropattern+disturbance+on+crayfish+population+dynamics+in+the+seasonal+wetlands+of+Everglades+National+Park%2C+USA&rft.au=Acosta%2C+CA%3BPerry%2C+SA&rft.aulast=Acosta&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Conservation%3A+Marine+and+Freshwater+Ecosystems&rft.issn=10527613&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temporal variations; Flooding; Man-induced effects; Hydrology; Wetlands; Population dynamics; Mortality causes; Restoration; National parks; Dispersal; Disturbance; Seasonal variations; Aquatic Habitats; Floods; Aquatic Animals; Water Birds; Water Control; Crayfish; Water Use; Procambarus alleni; USA, Florida, Everglades Natl. Park ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Brain excitatory amino acid concentrations are lower in the neonatal pig: a buffer against excitotoxicity? AN - 72211710; 11641555 AB - Hypoglycemic brain damage has been associated with high levels of the excitatory amino acids (EAA) aspartate and glutamate in the newborn and adult. We hypothesized that newborn piglet EAA would be different from those of older pigs when stressed with severe insulin-induced hypoglycemia (<30 mg/dl). Brain EAA were measured in piglets and adolescent pigs via microdialysis. Eleven of 12 newborn normoglycemic piglets had no detectable baseline levels (<0.5 microM) of EAA, while pigs had aspartate and glutamate concentrations of 1.78 +/- 0.44 and 3.43 +/- 1.14 microM (mean +/- SEM), respectively. Piglet aspartate and glutamate concentrations reached but did not significantly exceed normoglycemic pig levels after 2 h with plasma glucose values < or =20 mg/ml. Elevations in EAA were only detected in piglets whose EEG activity ceased. Aspartate and glutamate concentrations did not increase in insulin-treated pigs nor in control animals. We speculate that newborns with blood glucose less than clinically acceptable values (35 mg/dl) may be protected from EAA-associated neuronal damage during acute hypoglycemia. Lower normoglycemic and hypoglycemic levels of EAA in newborns when compared to older pigs provide this protection. Copyright 2001 S. Karger AG, Basel JF - Biology of the neonate AU - Darling, B K AU - Abdel-Rahim, M AU - Moores, R R AU - Chang, A S AU - Howard, R S AU - O'Neill, J T AD - Department of Pediatrics, Section on Neonatal Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 305 EP - 312 VL - 80 IS - 4 SN - 0006-3126, 0006-3126 KW - Excitatory Amino Acids KW - 0 KW - Insulin KW - Aspartic Acid KW - 30KYC7MIAI KW - Glutamic Acid KW - 3KX376GY7L KW - Oxygen KW - S88TT14065 KW - Index Medicus KW - Swine KW - Aspartic Acid -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Insulin Coma -- metabolism KW - Glutamic Acid -- metabolism KW - Blood Pressure KW - Brain -- blood supply KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Electroencephalography KW - Insulin -- pharmacology KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Hypoglycemia -- chemically induced KW - Glutamic Acid -- analysis KW - Microdialysis KW - Hypoglycemia -- metabolism KW - Oxygen -- blood KW - Aspartic Acid -- analysis KW - Brain Chemistry KW - Animals, Newborn -- metabolism KW - Excitatory Amino Acids -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72211710?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biology+of+the+neonate&rft.atitle=Brain+excitatory+amino+acid+concentrations+are+lower+in+the+neonatal+pig%3A+a+buffer+against+excitotoxicity%3F&rft.au=Darling%2C+B+K%3BAbdel-Rahim%2C+M%3BMoores%2C+R+R%3BChang%2C+A+S%3BHoward%2C+R+S%3BO%27Neill%2C+J+T&rft.aulast=Darling&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=305&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biology+of+the+neonate&rft.issn=00063126&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-01-10 N1 - Date created - 2001-10-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comment: limiting toxic information. AN - 72207267; 11642066 JF - The Journal of clinical ethics AU - Howe, E G AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. ehowe@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 143 EP - 149 VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 1046-7890, 1046-7890 KW - Bioethics KW - Index Medicus KW - Genetics and Reproduction KW - Professional Patient Relationship KW - United States KW - Breast Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Breast Neoplasms -- psychology KW - Humans KW - Organizational Policy KW - Decision Making KW - Genetic Counseling KW - Patient Rights KW - Uncertainty KW - Adaptation, Psychological KW - Risk Factors KW - Huntington Disease -- psychology KW - Huntington Disease -- genetics KW - Genetic Testing KW - Blood Banks -- standards KW - Ethics, Clinical KW - Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome -- transmission KW - Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome -- psychology KW - Blood-Borne Pathogens KW - Ethics, Medical KW - Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome -- etiology KW - Truth Disclosure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72207267?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+clinical+ethics&rft.atitle=Comment%3A+limiting+toxic+information.&rft.au=Howe%2C+E+G&rft.aulast=Howe&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+clinical+ethics&rft.issn=10467890&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-01-14 N1 - Date created - 2001-10-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment On: J Clin Ethics. 2001 Summer;12(2):134-40 [11642064] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Malaria prevention and control in the United States military. AN - 71218176; 11584660 AB - Malaria continues to be a serious threat to deployed military forces in many areas of the World. United States experiences during, and lessons learned from, World War II, Viet Nam, and Somalia have significantly changed the way that military planners, medical and preventive medicine personnel are facing the malaria challenge. Currently, the US military has a powerful arsenal of educational courses and materials, personal protective measures, and malaria surveillance and control techniques in place to fight malaria. These new tools will hopefully reduce malaria morbidity and mortality during military deployments in the future. JF - Medecine tropicale : revue du Corps de sante colonial AU - Robert, L L AD - Uniformed Service, University of Health Sciences, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. lRobert@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 67 EP - 76 VL - 61 IS - 1 SN - 0025-682X, 0025-682X KW - Insect Repellents KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Warfare KW - United States KW - History, 20th Century KW - Humans KW - Endemic Diseases KW - Mosquito Control KW - Somalia -- epidemiology KW - Vietnam -- epidemiology KW - Military Medicine -- trends KW - Health Education KW - Clothing KW - Malaria -- prevention & control KW - Malaria -- epidemiology KW - Military Personnel UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71218176?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Medecine+tropicale+%3A+revue+du+Corps+de+sante+colonial&rft.atitle=Malaria+prevention+and+control+in+the+United+States+military.&rft.au=Robert%2C+L+L&rft.aulast=Robert&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Medecine+tropicale+%3A+revue+du+Corps+de+sante+colonial&rft.issn=0025682X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-04 N1 - Date created - 2001-10-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radioprotective and locomotor responses of mice treated with nimodipine alone and in combination with WR-151327. AN - 70621311; 11180277 AB - The effect of combining a radiation-protective phosphorothioate with another agent was investigated in an attempt to increase radioprotection and reduce toxicity. The calcium channel blocker nimodipine (NIMO) was administered alone (1 or 10 mg kg-1) or in combination with 200 mg kg-1 of the phosphorothioate radioprotector WR-151327 (WR) (S-3-(3-methylaminopropylamino)propylphosphorothioic acid). Radioprotection as measured (30-day survival) of mice treated i.p. 30 min before (60)Co irradiation at a dose rate of 1 Gy min-1 was evaluated in CD2F1 male mice. The effects of nimodipine and WR-151327 on locomotor activity were investigated also in a separate group of non-irradiated mice. The LD(50/30) for the Emulphor vehicle control group was 8.56. For nimodipine alone (1 or 10 mg kg-1) the LD(50/30)was 8.39 and 10.21 Gy, respectively, yielding dose modification factors (DMFs) of 0.98 and 1.19, respectively. When WR-151327 was given alone, the pter) and chromosome 10(p10>pter) and gain of the q arm of chromosome 8 (p10>ptr) (the most frequent cytogenetic changes observed directly in prostate cancer patients) were observed only in the tumor outgrowths. These findings provide the first evidence of malignant transformation of HPE cells exposed to a chemical carcinogen. JF - Radiation research AU - Rhim, J S AD - Center for Prostate Disease Research, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 1530 East Jefferson Street, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA. Y1 - 2001/01// PY - 2001 DA - January 2001 SP - 128 EP - 132 VL - 155 IS - 1 Pt 2 SN - 0033-7587, 0033-7587 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Cell Line, Transformed KW - Male KW - Prostatic Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- pathology KW - Prostatic Neoplasms -- virology KW - Prostatic Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70578966?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+research&rft.atitle=Molecular+and+genetic+mechanisms+of+prostate+cancer.&rft.au=Rhim%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Rhim&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=155&rft.issue=1+Pt+2&rft.spage=128&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+research&rft.issn=00337587&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-03-01 N1 - Date created - 2001-01-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Squalene synthase: structure and regulation. AN - 70550742; 11008488 AB - Squalene synthase (SQS) catalyzes the first reaction of the branch of the isoprenoid metabolic pathway committed specifically to sterol biosynthesis. Regulation of SQS is thought to direct proximal intermediates in the pathway into either sterol or nonsterol branches in response to changing cellular requirements. The importance of SQS in cholesterol metabolism has stimulated research on the mechanism, structure, and regulation of the enzyme. SQS produces squalene, a C30 isoprenoid, in a two-step reaction in which two molecules of farnesyl diphosphate are condensed head to head. Site-directed mutagenesis of rat SQS has identified conserved Tyr, Phe, and Asp residues that are essential for function. The aromatic rings of Tyr and Phe are postulated to stabilize carbocation intermediates of the first and second half-reactions, respectively; the acidic Asp residues may be required for substrate binding. SQS activity, protein level, and gene transcription are strictly and coordinately regulated by cholesterol status, decreasing with cholesterol surfeit and increasing with cholesterol deficit. The human SQS (hSQS) gene has an unusually complex promoter with multiple binding sites for the sterol regulatory element binding proteins SREBP-1a and SREBP-2, and for accessory transcription factors known to be involved in the control of other sterol-responsive genes. SREBP-1a and SREBP-2 require different subsets of hSQS regulatory DNA elements to achieve maximal promoter activation. Current research is directed at elucidating the precise contribution made by individual SREBPs and accessory transcription factors to hSQS transcriptional control. JF - Progress in nucleic acid research and molecular biology AU - Tansey, T R AU - Shechter, I AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 157 EP - 195 VL - 65 SN - 0079-6603, 0079-6603 KW - Cytokines KW - 0 KW - DNA, Complementary KW - Lipopolysaccharides KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Farnesyl-Diphosphate Farnesyltransferase KW - EC 2.5.1.21 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Base Sequence KW - Cytokines -- pharmacology KW - Lipopolysaccharides -- pharmacology KW - Humans KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Sequence Homology, Amino Acid KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Farnesyl-Diphosphate Farnesyltransferase -- genetics KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic -- drug effects KW - Farnesyl-Diphosphate Farnesyltransferase -- metabolism KW - Farnesyl-Diphosphate Farnesyltransferase -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70550742?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+nucleic+acid+research+and+molecular+biology&rft.atitle=Squalene+synthase%3A+structure+and+regulation.&rft.au=Tansey%2C+T+R%3BShechter%2C+I&rft.aulast=Tansey&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Progress+in+nucleic+acid+research+and+molecular+biology&rft.issn=00796603&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2000-10-13 N1 - Date created - 2000-10-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Israel and the Palestinians: The Bitter Fruits of Hegemonic Peace AN - 60656975; 200316593 AB - Had Arafat accepted Israel's offer at Camp David, the violence in recent months would have been more in the form of a Palestinian civil war. Or as Arafat reportedly asked Clinton when the American president was pushing hard for him to accept Barak's offer: "Do you want to attend my funeral?". Adapted from the source document. JF - Current History AU - Robinson, Glenn E AD - School International Graduate Studies, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Y1 - 2001/01// PY - 2001 DA - January 2001 SP - 15 EP - 20 VL - 100 IS - 642 SN - 0011-3530, 0011-3530 KW - Palestinians KW - Peace KW - Conflict Resolution KW - Arab Israeli Relations KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60656975?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+History&rft.atitle=Israel+and+the+Palestinians%3A+The+Bitter+Fruits+of+Hegemonic+Peace&rft.au=Robinson%2C+Glenn+E&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=642&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+History&rft.issn=00113530&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arab Israeli Relations; Palestinians; Conflict Resolution; Peace ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cystic Fibrosis and the Use of Pharmacogenomics to Determine Surrogate Endpoints for Drug Discovery AN - 20193758; 7472881 AB - Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by a mutation in the CFTR gene, encoding a chloride channel. For the most common mutation, DeltaF508, the basis of the deficit is the failure of the mutant CFTR channel protein to traffic properly to the apical plasma membrane of the affected epithelial cell. The trafficking failure results in loss of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-activated chloride channel function of the CFTR protein in the plasma membrane. The lung is the principal site affecting patient morbidity and mortality in CF. The main reason is that the CF airway epithelial cells also secrete high levels of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-8, resulting in massive cellular inflammation, infection, tissue damage and lung destruction. The relationship between the trafficking defect, the loss of chloride channel activity, and inflammation is not known. However, gene therapy of CF lung epithelial cells with the wild-type CFTR gene can repair the chloride channel defect, as well as suppress the intrinsic hypersecretion of IL-8. Repair of both defective channels and high IL-8 secretion can also be effected by treatment with the candidate CF drug CPX, which is in clinical trials in CF patients. CPX acts by binding to the mutant CFTR protein, and helps the protein to mature and gain access to the plasma membrane. CPX also suppresses the synthesis and secretion of IL- 8 from CF epithelial cells, presumably by virtue of its repair of the trafficking defect of mutant CFTR. To guide pharmacogenomic experiments we have therefore hypothesized that the genomic signature of CF epithelial cells treated with CPX should resemble the signature of the same cells repaired by gene therapy. We have developed two algorithms for identifying genes modified by repair of CFTR defects. The GRASP algorithm uses a statistical test to identify the most profoundly changing genes. The GENESAVER algorithm allows us to identify those genes whose pattern of expression changes in-phase or out-of-phase with IL-8 secretion by CF cells. For the latter algorithm we modified IL-8 secretion from CF cells by treatment with wild-type CFTR, with CPX, or by exposure to bacteria. The results have supported the hypothesis, and have provided a basis for considering the common pharmacogenomic expression signature as a surrogate endpoint for CF drug discovery. Significantly, the nature of the hypothesis, as well as the algorithm developed for this study, can be easily applied to pharmacogenomic studies with other goals. JF - American Journal of PharmacoGenomics AU - Eidelman, O AU - Zhang, J AU - Srivastava, M AU - Pollard, H B AD - Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, and Institute for Molecular Medicine, Uniformed Services University School of Medicine, USUHS, Bethesda, Maryland, USA * Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 223 EP - 238 PB - Adis International Ltd., 41 Centorian Drive Private Bay 65901, Mairangi Bay Auckland 10 New Zealand, [mailto:sportsmed@adis.co.nz], [URL:http://www.adis.com] VL - 1 IS - 3 SN - 1175-2203, 1175-2203 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Cystic fibrosis KW - Genetic polymorphism KW - Pharmacogenetics KW - Epithelial cells KW - Mortality KW - Protein transport KW - Statistics KW - Gene therapy KW - pharmacogenomics KW - Cyclic AMP KW - Algorithms KW - Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator KW - Chloride channels KW - Drug development KW - Infection KW - Clinical trials KW - Interleukin 8 KW - Morbidity KW - Inflammation KW - Drug discovery KW - Plasma membranes KW - Lung KW - genomics KW - Mutation KW - Respiratory tract KW - W 30905:Medical Applications KW - J 02400:Human Diseases KW - G 07780:Fungi UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20193758?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+PharmacoGenomics&rft.atitle=Cystic+Fibrosis+and+the+Use+of+Pharmacogenomics+to+Determine+Surrogate+Endpoints+for+Drug+Discovery&rft.au=Eidelman%2C+O%3BZhang%2C+J%3BSrivastava%2C+M%3BPollard%2C+H+B&rft.aulast=Eidelman&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+PharmacoGenomics&rft.issn=11752203&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Protein transport; Mortality; Epithelial cells; Statistics; Gene therapy; pharmacogenomics; Cyclic AMP; Algorithms; Chloride channels; Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator; Drug development; Infection; Clinical trials; Morbidity; Interleukin 8; Inflammation; Drug discovery; Plasma membranes; Lung; genomics; Cystic fibrosis; Mutation; Respiratory tract ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reconstitution and purification of cytolethal distending toxin of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans AN - 18555084; 5490122 AB - Cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) has been found in various pathogenic bacterial species and causes a cell distending and a G sub(2) arrest against eukaryotic cells. All the cdtABC genes, which encode CDT, are known to be required for the CDT activities although the CDT holotoxin structure has not been elucidated. We cloned the cdtABC genes of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and constructed an Escherichia coli expression system for them. We found that crude extracts from six deletion mutants (cdtA, cdtB, cdtC, cdtBC, cdtAC, and cdtAB) of recombinant E. coli, which showed very weak or no detectable CDT activities, restored the CDT activities when pre-mixing and pre-incubation of them were performed in combinations to contain all the CdtA, CdtB, and CdtC proteins. These results indicate that all the Cdt proteins are required for the CDT activities. We also found that the chimera CdtB protein, CdtB-intein-CBD (chitin binding domain) like CdtB protein itself assembled with CdtA and CdtC. The reconstituted CDT containing the chimera CdtB protein was specifically extracted by chitin beads and the only CDT portion was isolated from the chitin beads by a cleavage reaction of the intein. The purified reconstituted-CDT was found to consist of CdtA, CdtB, and CdtC proteins, and showed appreciable CDT activities, indicating that the CDT holotoxin structure is the CdtABC complex. To our knowledge, this is the first report succeeded in complete purification of an active CDT and may offer useful tools for elucidation of the toxic mechanism of CDT. JF - Microbiology and Immunology AU - Saiki, K AU - Konishi, K AU - Gomi, T AU - Nishihara, T AU - Yoshikawa, M AD - Department of Microbiology, Nippon Dental University School of Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan, keisaiki@tokyo.ndu.ac.jp Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 497 EP - 506 VL - 45 IS - 6 SN - 0385-5600, 0385-5600 KW - CdtA protein KW - CdtB protein KW - CdtC protein KW - cdtABC gene KW - cytolethal distending toxin KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - X 24171:Microbial KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18555084?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbiology+and+Immunology&rft.atitle=Reconstitution+and+purification+of+cytolethal+distending+toxin+of+Actinobacillus+actinomycetemcomitans&rft.au=Saiki%2C+K%3BKonishi%2C+K%3BGomi%2C+T%3BNishihara%2C+T%3BYoshikawa%2C+M&rft.aulast=Saiki&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=497&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbiology+and+Immunology&rft.issn=03855600&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Critique of "The Scientific Foundations of Hormesis" AN - 18326626; 5375706 AB - What are the elements of a "scientific foundation?" How can we build a house of evidence that has both rigor and relevance? In the diverse areas that hormesis encompasses there are a number of major knowledge domains needed. Each of these domains has its own goals, methodology, and quality criteria. Calabrese and Baldwin have gone a long way in beginning to build this house by filling some of these domains. Many, however, remain dark holes with low doses of knowledge. JF - Critical Reviews in Toxicology AU - Jonas, W B AD - Department of Family Medicine, USUHS, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA, wjonas@mxa.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 625 EP - 629 VL - 31 IS - 4-5 SN - 1040-8444, 1040-8444 KW - hormesis KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Reviews KW - X 24250:Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18326626?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+Reviews+in+Toxicology&rft.atitle=A+Critique+of+%22The+Scientific+Foundations+of+Hormesis%22&rft.au=Jonas%2C+W+B&rft.aulast=Jonas&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=4-5&rft.spage=625&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+Reviews+in+Toxicology&rft.issn=10408444&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Scientific Foundations of Hormesis. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reviews ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radiation exposure assessment using cytological and molecular biomarkers AN - 18313641; 5367516 AB - Chromosome aberration analysis is the conventional means of assessing radiation exposure. The Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute recently established an alternative method to measure radiation-induced chromosome aberrations in interphase cells. The method uses commercially available chemical agents to induce premature chromosome condensation in 'resting' G sub(0) human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Then specific whole-chromosome DNA probes are used with fluorescence in situ hybridisation to detect aberrant cells rapidly over a broad dose range. In new research, the real-time fluorogenic 5'-nuclease, or TaqMan super(TM), polymerase chain reaction assay is being used to identify radiation-responsive molecular biomarkers, including gene expression targets and DNA mutations. The goal is to establish rapid, precise, high-throughput assay systems that are practical in a variety of radiation exposure scenarios. The new methodologies that have a number of other applications, together with diagnostic software now in development, could improve the United States military's emergency response capability and medical readiness. JF - Radiation Protection Dosimetry AU - Blakely, W F AU - Prasanna, PGS AU - Grace, M B AU - Miller, A C AD - AFRRI/ACR, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD 20889-5603, USA, blakely@afrri.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 17 EP - 23 VL - 97 IS - 1 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - biomarkers KW - methodology KW - Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Fluorescence KW - DNA probes KW - Peripheral blood KW - Lymphocytes KW - Radiation KW - Chromosome aberrations KW - X 24210:Radiation & radioactive materials KW - G 07234:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18313641?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.atitle=Radiation+exposure+assessment+using+cytological+and+molecular+biomarkers&rft.au=Blakely%2C+W+F%3BPrasanna%2C+PGS%3BGrace%2C+M+B%3BMiller%2C+A+C&rft.aulast=Blakely&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lymphocytes; Fluorescence; Radiation; DNA probes; Chromosome aberrations; Peripheral blood ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Epidemiology of acute hepatitis in the Stann Creek District of Belize, Central America AN - 18250044; 5309916 AB - Hepatitis is common in the Stann Creek District of southern Belize. To determine the etiologies, incidence, and potential risk factors for acute jaundice, we conducted active surveillance for cases. Cases of jaundice diagnosed by a physician within the previous 6 weeks were enrolled. Evaluation included a questionnaire and laboratory tests for hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E, a blood film for malaria, and a serologic test for syphilis. Etiologies of jaundice among 62 evaluable patients included acute hepatitis A, 6 (9.7%), acute hepatitis B, 49 (79.0%), hepatitis non-A-E, 2 (3.2%), and malaria, 5 (8.1%). There were no cases of acute hepatitis E. One patient each with antibody to hepatitis C and D were detected. The annualized incidence of hepatitis A was 0.26 per 1,000. Al cases of hepatitis A were in children 4-16 years of age. The annualized incidence of hepatitis B, 2.17 per 1,000, was highest in adults aged 15-44 years (4.4 per 1,000) and was higher in men (36 cases; 3.09 per 1,000) than women (13 cases; 1.19 per 1,000). Four (31%) of the women with hepatitis B were pregnant. The annualized incidence was significantly higher in Mestizo (6.18 per 1000) and Maya (6.79 per 1,000) than Garifuna (0.38 per 1,000) or Creole (0.36 per 1,000). Persons with hepatitis B were significantly more likely to be born outside of Belize (82%), had been in Belize <5 years (73%), and lived and worked in rural areas (96%) than was the general population. Of those greater than or equal to 14 years of age with hepatitis B, only 36% were married. Few persons admitted to transfusions, tattoos, IV drug use, multiple sexual partners, visiting prostitutes, or sexually transmitted diseases. Only 1 of 49 had a reactive test for syphilis. Six patients were hospitalized (including 3 with acute hepatitis B and one with hepatitis A), and none to our knowledge died. Acute hepatitis B is the most common cause of viral hepatitis in the Stann Creek District, but the modes of transmission remain obscure. Infants, women attending prenatal clinics, and new workers are potential targets for immunization with hepatitis B vaccine. JF - American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene AU - Bryan, J P AU - Reyes, L AU - Hakre, S AU - Gloria, R AU - Kishore, G M AU - Tillett, W AU - Engle, R AU - Tsarev, S AU - Cruess, D AU - Purcell, R H AD - Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 318 EP - 324 VL - 65 IS - 4 SN - 0002-9637, 0002-9637 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Belize KW - Etiology KW - Hepatitis B virus KW - Hepatitis A virus KW - Vaccination KW - Disease transmission KW - Hepatitis KW - Epidemiology KW - Risk factors KW - V 22123:Epidemiology KW - H 11000:Diseases/Injuries/Trauma UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18250044?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Tropical+Medicine+and+Hygiene&rft.atitle=Epidemiology+of+acute+hepatitis+in+the+Stann+Creek+District+of+Belize%2C+Central+America&rft.au=Bryan%2C+J+P%3BReyes%2C+L%3BHakre%2C+S%3BGloria%2C+R%3BKishore%2C+G+M%3BTillett%2C+W%3BEngle%2C+R%3BTsarev%2C+S%3BCruess%2C+D%3BPurcell%2C+R+H&rft.aulast=Bryan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=318&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Tropical+Medicine+and+Hygiene&rft.issn=00029637&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hepatitis A virus; Hepatitis B virus; Belize; Hepatitis; Epidemiology; Risk assessment; Etiology; Risk factors; Disease transmission; Vaccination ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Active Tuberculosis among U.S. Army Personnel, 1980 to 1996 AN - 18136365; 5241684 AB - To describe hospitalization rates for active tuberculosis among U.S. Army personnel. All hospitalizations for tuberculosis among Army active duty personnel from January 1, 1980, to December 31, 1996, were identified from an inpatient database. Incidence rates and trend analyses are presented for age, race, sex, and hospital location. A total of 936 cases of active tuberculosis required hospitalization. Hospitalization rates declined from 15.3 cases/100,000 (1980) to 5.1 cases/100,000 (1996). Significant declines in hospitalization rates occurred for white and black males but not for females. Tuberculosis rates were 3.5 times lower among soldiers compared with the general population for individuals 25 to 44 years of age. Because of medical, purified protein derivative, and human immunodeficiency virus screening, military populations represent a low-risk population for active tuberculosis. The Army's overall hospitalization rate for tuberculosis declined steadily but remained relatively high among minorities and females. Additional studies should address specific risk factors related to race and gender among healthy populations with adequate health care. JF - Military Medicine AU - Camarca, M M AU - Krauss, M R AD - Department of Preventive Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 452 EP - 458 VL - 166 IS - 5 SN - 0026-4075, 0026-4075 KW - tuberculosis KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Gender KW - Military KW - Ethnic groups KW - Occupational exposure KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18136365?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Military+Medicine&rft.atitle=Active+Tuberculosis+among+U.S.+Army+Personnel%2C+1980+to+1996&rft.au=Camarca%2C+M+M%3BKrauss%2C+M+R&rft.aulast=Camarca&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=166&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=452&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Military+Medicine&rft.issn=00264075&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Occupational exposure; Military; Risk assessment; Gender; Ethnic groups ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Signal integration in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine macrophages AN - 18128152; 5213517 AB - Using a panel of LPS-inducible genes, selected for the capacity of their products to contribute to endotoxicity, normal macrophages were compared to macrophages deficient in CD14, CD11b/CD18, or TLR4 to elicit gene expression in response to Escherichia coli LPS or the LPS mimetic, Taxol. All genes were TLR4-dependent. At low doses of LPS or Taxol, all genes were also CD14-dependent; however, IP-10 and ICSBP remained poorly inducible even at much higher concentrations. A distinct subset of genes (COX-2, IL-12 p40, and IL-12 p35) was CD11b/CD18-dependent. NF- Kappa B translocation and MAPK phosphorylation were dysregulated in receptor-deficient macrophages. In contrast to E. coil LPS, a Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS preparation was found to be TLR2-, rather than TLR4-dependent, and resulted in differential expression of genes within the panel. These data suggest that: (i) TLR4 is necessary, but not sufficient, to induce the full repertoire of genes examined; (ii) CD14 and CD11b/CD18 facilitate signaling for induction of select subsets of genes that are also TLR4-dependent; and (iii) signaling through TLR2 versus TLR4 differs quantitatively/qualitatively. These data support an LPS signaling complex on murine macrophages that minimally includes CD14, CD11b/CD18, and TLR4 to respond to E. coli LPS to elicit the full spectrum of gene expression. JF - Journal of Endotoxin Research AU - Vogel, S AU - Hirschfeld, MJ AU - Perera, P-Y AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, USUHS, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA, vogel@bob.usuhs.mil Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 237 EP - 241 VL - 7 IS - 3 SN - 0968-0519, 0968-0519 KW - mice KW - stimulation KW - CD11b antigen KW - CD14 antigen KW - CD18 antigen KW - COX-2 protein KW - TLR4 protein KW - Toll-like receptors KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Gene expression KW - Macrophages KW - Endotoxins KW - Interleukin 12 KW - Escherichia coli KW - Lipopolysaccharides KW - Immune response KW - X 24171:Microbial KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18128152?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Endotoxin+Research&rft.atitle=Signal+integration+in+lipopolysaccharide+%28LPS%29-stimulated+murine+macrophages&rft.au=Vogel%2C+S%3BHirschfeld%2C+MJ%3BPerera%2C+P-Y&rft.aulast=Vogel&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Endotoxin+Research&rft.issn=09680519&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; Lipopolysaccharides; Endotoxins; Interleukin 12; Macrophages; Gene expression; Immune response ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitric oxide production and iNOS mRNA expression in mice induced by repeated stimulation with live Fusobacterium nucleatum AN - 17835827; 4863785 AB - There have been few studies on the detection of direct nitric oxide (NO) production and interferon-gamma (IFN- gamma ) in vivo without using animal cell culture. We questioned whether NO and IFN- gamma could be produced at the site of infection. The peritoneal cavity of mice was used as the local infection model. NO and IFN- gamma in abdominal washings from these mice were measured directly at various times after injection of Fusobacterium nucleatum, a gram-negative rod periodontal pathogen. The mice were divided into three groups: those treated with live bacteria (LB), those treated with heat-killed bacteria (HKB) and those untreated: normal (N). These mice were compared on the basis of cell nitration, NO and IFN- gamma production by injection of live bacteria (LFn) or heat-killed bacteria (HKFn). In the LB group, the total cell number increased corresponding to an increase in neutrophils after injection of both LFn and HKFn. A low level of NO was constantly produced in abdominal washings, but a significant amount of NO was synthesized in the LB group only 12 hr to 24 hr after injection of LFn. At the same time iNOS enzyme activity and iNOS mRNA expression were detected. IFN- gamma , which may contribute to enhance NO production, was also secreted at a high level from peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) at 12 hr and 24 hr in the LB group by stimulation of LFn. At 12 hr and 24 hr, iNOS positive cells in the LB group by infection of LFn were identified and shown to contain mostly macrophages. These findings indicate that live bacteria play important roles in NO production by macrophages. It is suggested that NO may contribute to the inflammatory response during F. nucleatum infection in periodontitis. JF - Microbiology and Immunology AU - Kato, C AU - Mikami, M AU - Saito, K AD - Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Nippon Dental University at Niigata, 1-8 Hamaura-cho, Niigata 951-8580, Japan, ckato@ngt.ndu.ac.jp Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 69 EP - 78 VL - 45 IS - 1 SN - 0385-5600, 0385-5600 KW - mice KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Nitric-oxide synthase KW - ^g-Interferon KW - Peritoneum KW - Animal models KW - Transcripts KW - Nitric oxide KW - Fusobacterium nucleatum KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17835827?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbiology+and+Immunology&rft.atitle=Nitric+oxide+production+and+iNOS+mRNA+expression+in+mice+induced+by+repeated+stimulation+with+live+Fusobacterium+nucleatum&rft.au=Kato%2C+C%3BMikami%2C+M%3BSaito%2C+K&rft.aulast=Kato&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbiology+and+Immunology&rft.issn=03855600&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fusobacterium nucleatum; Animal models; Peritoneum; Nitric oxide; ^g-Interferon; Nitric-oxide synthase; Transcripts ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Shigella flexneri LuxS quorum-sensing system modulates virB expression but is not essential for virulence AN - 17757482; 4822421 AB - Quorum-sensing systems regulate the expression of virulence factors in a wide variety of plant and animal pathogens, including members of the Enterobacteriaceae. Studies of Shigella virulence gene expression have demonstrated that maximal expression of genes encoding the type III secretion system and its substrates and maximal activity of this virulence organelle occur at high cell density. In these studies, we demonstrate that the expression of ipa, mxi, and spa invasion operons is maximal in stationary-phase bacteria and that conditioned media derived from stationary-phase cultures enhance the expression of these loci. In contrast, expression of virB, a transcription factor essential for the expression of invasion loci, peaks in late log phase; accordingly, virB expression is enhanced by a signal(s) present in conditioned media derived from late-log-phase cultures. Autoinducer 2 (AI-2), a quorum signaling molecule active in late log phase, was synthesized by Shigella species and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli and shown to be responsible for the observed peak of virB expression. However, AI-2 does not influence invasion operon expression and is not required for Shigella virulence, as mutants deficient in AI-2 synthesis are fully virulent. The implications of these findings with regard to both virB and invasion operon expression and the evolution of circuitries governing virulence gene expression are discussed. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Day, WA Jr AU - Maurelli, A T AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA, amaurelli@usuhs.mil Y1 - 2001/01// PY - 2001 DA - Jan 2001 SP - 15 EP - 23 VL - 69 IS - 1 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - virB protein KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Virulence KW - Gene expression KW - Transcription factors KW - Shigella flexneri KW - Cell density KW - Escherichia coli KW - Media (culture) KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17757482?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Shigella+flexneri+LuxS+quorum-sensing+system+modulates+virB+expression+but+is+not+essential+for+virulence&rft.au=Day%2C+WA+Jr%3BMaurelli%2C+A+T&rft.aulast=Day&rft.aufirst=WA&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Shigella flexneri; Escherichia coli; Gene expression; Transcription factors; Media (culture); Cell density; Virulence ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transport issues and bioremediation modeling for the in situ aerobic co-metabolism of chlorinated solvents AN - 16132597; 5299515 AB - For aerobic co-metabolism of chlorinated solvents to occur, it is necessary that oxygen, a primary substrate, and the chlorinated compound all be available to an appropriate microorganism - that is, a microorganism capable of producing the nonspecific enzyme that will promote degradation of the contaminant while the primary substrate is aerobically metabolized. Thus, the transport processes that serve to mix the reactants are crucial in determining the rate and extent of biodegradation, particularly when considering in situ biodegradation. These transport processes intersect, at a range of scales, with the biochemical reactions. This paper reviews how the important processes contributing to aerobic co-metabolism of chlorinated solvents at different scales can be integrated into mathematical models. The application of these models to field-scale bioremediation is critically examined. It is demonstrated that modeling can be a useful tool in gaining insight into the physical, chemical, and biological processes relevant to aerobic co-metabolism, designing aerobic co-metabolic bioremediation systems, and predicting system performance. Research needs are identified that primarily relate to gaps in our current knowledge of inter-scale interactions. JF - Biodegradation AU - Goltz, M N AU - Bouwer, E J AU - Huang, Junqi AD - Department of Systems and Engineering Management, Air Force Institute of Technology, 2950 P Street, Bldg. 640, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433-7765, USA Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 127 EP - 140 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany, [mailto:subscriptions@springer.de], [URL:http://www.springer.de/] VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 0923-9820, 0923-9820 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Bioremediation KW - Biodegradation KW - Degradation KW - Biochemistry KW - Path of Pollutants KW - transport processes KW - Chlorinated Hydrocarbons KW - Mathematical models KW - Fate of Pollutants KW - Solvents KW - Enzymes KW - Chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Oxygen KW - Reviews KW - Kinetics KW - Transport KW - Microorganisms KW - Chlorination KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - A 01016:Microbial degradation KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - W2 32510:Waste treatment, environment, pollution KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16132597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft.genre=dissertations+%26+theses&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Medley%2C+Ticily&rft.aulast=Medley&rft.aufirst=Ticily&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=9781267195357&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+relationships+between+ethnic+identity%2C+religious+identity%2C+and+the+decision+to+label+oneself+as+heterosexual%2C+lesbian%2C+gay%2C+or+bisexual+in+a+Christian+African+American+sample&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-03-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue on Mechanics, Kinetics and Modeling of the Aerobic Cometabolism of Chlorinated Solvents. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biodegradation; Mathematical models; Bioremediation; Biochemistry; Transport; Solvents; Chlorination; Chlorinated hydrocarbons; Oxygen; Degradation; Kinetics; Reviews; Microorganisms; Enzymes; transport processes; Chlorinated Hydrocarbons; Path of Pollutants; Fate of Pollutants ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chinese warfare and politics in the ancient East Asian international system, ca. 2700 B.C. to 722 B.C. AN - 1440222261; 4488498 AB - Ancient East Asia is the second oldest 'protobellic area' and pristine state system of international relations within the global international system, after West Asia (ancient Near East). In a previous study Cioffi-Revilla and Lai (1995) reported the first findings on the origins and evolution of war and politics in ancient China (Legendary, Xia [Hsia], Shang, and Western Zhou [Chou] periods), ca. 2700 B.C to 722 B.C In this paper we make public an expanded data set (N = 104 cases, 12 variables; version 2.0), explaining our sources, measurements, and data quality control procedures. The new data set will permit investigators to test hypotheses about warfare distributions, ethnic and protracted conflicts, time series, periodicity, system dynamics, and structural relationships (e.g., war-polarity theories). This new long-range data set should also promote a new stage in comparative analyses of the universal and particular properties of warfare and international systems, both cross-polity and longitudinally. Reprinted by permission Taylor & Francis Lt. JF - International interactions AU - Cioffi-Revilla, Claudio AU - Lai, David AD - University of Colorado, Boulder ; Air University Y1 - 2001/01// PY - 2001 DA - Jan 2001 SP - 347 EP - 378 VL - 26 IS - 4 SN - 0305-0629, 0305-0629 KW - Political Science KW - International relations KW - Comparative analysis KW - Warfare KW - East Asia KW - War KW - Time series KW - Asia KW - Data analysis KW - China KW - International system UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1440222261?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+interactions&rft.atitle=Chinese+warfare+and+politics+in+the+ancient+East+Asian+international+system%2C+ca.+2700+B.C.+to+722+B.C.&rft.au=Cioffi-Revilla%2C+Claudio%3BLai%2C+David&rft.aulast=Cioffi-Revilla&rft.aufirst=Claudio&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=347&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+interactions&rft.issn=03050629&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F03050620108434971 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-08 N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 13443 2698; 13457 13443 2698; 6799; 2630 971; 6784; 3279 971 3286; 12759 12228 10919; 30; 116 30; 93 116 30 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03050620108434971 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Itraconazole affects single-dose terfenadine pharmacokinetics and cardiac repolarization pharmacodynamics AN - 42005761; 3083216 AU - Honig, P AU - Wortham, D AU - Hull, R AU - Zamani, K AU - Smith, J AU - Cantilena, L Y1 - 2000/12/31/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Dec 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 7500:PHARMACOLOGY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42005761?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Itraconazole+affects+single-dose+terfenadine+pharmacokinetics+and+cardiac+repolarization+pharmacodynamics&rft.au=Honig%2C+P%3BWortham%2C+D%3BHull%2C+R%3BZamani%2C+K%3BSmith%2C+J%3BCantilena%2C+L&rft.aulast=Honig&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2000-12-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Society for Clinical Pharmacolgy and Therapeutics, 1718 Gallagher Road, Norristown, PA 19401-2800, USA. Poster Paper No. PII-49 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Nitrogen deposition and possible effects on ecosystems in class 1 areas: Comparison of parks in the eastern and western U.S. AN - 41949854; 3075517 AU - Tonnessen, KA Y1 - 2000/12/31/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Dec 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 7500:PHARMACOLOGY KW - U 5500:GEOSCIENCE KW - U 2500:CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41949854?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Synoptic+scale+variability+in+the+California+Current&rft.au=Mooers%2C+CNK%3BRobinson%2C+A+R%3BSmith%2C+JA%3BRienecker%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=Mooers&rft.aufirst=CNK&rft.date=2000-12-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Society of Environmenral Toxicology and Chemistry, 1010 North 12th Ave., Pensacola, FL 32501 Telephone:(904)469-1500, Abstracts. Price $30.. Poster Paper No. PD08 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - CD28-B7/BB1 costimulatory pathway is normal in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) AN - 41920330; 3048232 AU - Sfikakis, P P AU - Oglesby, R AU - Tsokos, G C Y1 - 2000/12/31/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Dec 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 3500:CLINICAL MEDICINE KW - U 4500:EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE KW - U 1500:BIOCHEMISTRY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41920330?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=CD28-B7%2FBB1+costimulatory+pathway+is+normal+in+patients+with+systemic+lupus+erythematosus+%28SLE%29&rft.au=Sfikakis%2C+P+P%3BOglesby%2C+R%3BTsokos%2C+G+C&rft.aulast=Sfikakis&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2000-12-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Association of Immunologists428 East Preston Street, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA, Abstracts, Journal of Immunology, ISSN: 002-1767, Volume 150/Number 8/Part II/April 15, 1993 Paper No. 561 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Better model of experimental hypertension (HT) associated with streptozotocin (STZ) induced insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) AN - 41552240; 2369406 AU - Chen, S AU - Yuan, C AU - Schooley, J F AU - Haddy, F J AU - Pamnani, M B Y1 - 2000/12/31/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Dec 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:BIOLOGY GENERAL UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41552240?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Better+model+of+experimental+hypertension+%28HT%29+associated+with+streptozotocin+%28STZ%29+induced+insulin+dependent+diabetes+mellitus+%28IDDM%29&rft.au=Chen%2C+S%3BYuan%2C+C%3BSchooley%2C+J+F%3BHaddy%2C+F+J%3BPamnani%2C+M+B&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2000-12-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: APS Subscription, 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA, The Physiologist, ISSN: 0031-9376, Vol 33, No 4, August 1990, abstracts: $25.00 & single issue $5.00; subscription: $25.00/yr in US & $35.00 elsewhere Paper No. 28.12 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Extratropical transition of western north Pacific tropical cyclones AN - 41311515; 3317527 AU - Klein, P M AU - Harr, P A AU - Elsberry, R L AU - Hogan, T F Y1 - 2000/12/31/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Dec 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41311515?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Extratropical+transition+of+western+north+Pacific+tropical+cyclones&rft.au=Klein%2C+P+M%3BHarr%2C+P+A%3BElsberry%2C+R+L%3BHogan%2C+T+F&rft.aulast=Klein&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2000-12-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon Street, Boston, MA 02108-3693, Selected full papers available. N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Anxiety sensitivity as a predictor of anxiety and panic during basic cadet training at the United States Air Force Academy AN - 41242672; 3289380 AU - Lerew AU - Schmidt, N B AU - Jackson, R J Y1 - 2000/12/31/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Dec 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 3500:Clinical Medicine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41242672?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Anxiety+sensitivity+as+a+predictor+of+anxiety+and+panic+during+basic+cadet+training+at+the+United+States+Air+Force+Academy&rft.au=Lerew%3BSchmidt%2C+N+B%3BJackson%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Lerew&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2000-12-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Association for the Advancement of Behavior Therapy, 305 7th Avenue, New York, NY 10001-6008, Abstracts available. Poster Paper N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Mechanisms augmenting flow resistance of thrombotic coronary artery stenosis in pigs AN - 40996312; 1436396 AU - Laurindo, FRM AU - Ezra, D AU - Czaja, J F AU - Feuerstein, G Z AU - Goldstein, R E Y1 - 2000/12/31/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Dec 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4500:EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40996312?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Mechanisms+augmenting+flow+resistance+of+thrombotic+coronary+artery+stenosis+in+pigs&rft.au=Laurindo%2C+FRM%3BEzra%2C+D%3BCzaja%2C+J+F%3BFeuerstein%2C+G+Z%3BGoldstein%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Laurindo&rft.aufirst=FRM&rft.date=2000-12-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Heart Association, 7320 Greenville Avenue, Dallas, TX 75231 (USA), Abstract No. 974 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Effect of adriamycin on short circuit current across toad urinary bladder epithelium AN - 40601012; 0592895 AU - Chen, J S AU - Kang, Y H AU - Chen, B L Y1 - 2000/12/31/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Dec 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4500:EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40601012?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Effect+of+adriamycin+on+short+circuit+current+across+toad+urinary+bladder+epithelium&rft.au=Chen%2C+J+S%3BKang%2C+Y+H%3BChen%2C+B+L&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2000-12-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Abstracts in: "The Physiologist", Aug 1983, American Physiological Society, 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA, ISSN 0031-9376 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Tachycardia Does Not Alter Minimal Coronary Flow Necessary for Survival of Myocardium AN - 40436911; 0207096 AU - Davenport, N J AU - Ro, Y M AU - Goldstein, R E Y1 - 2000/12/31/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Dec 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 3500:CLINICAL MEDICINE KW - U 4500:EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/40436911?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Tachycardia+Does+Not+Alter+Minimal+Coronary+Flow+Necessary+for+Survival+of+Myocardium&rft.au=Davenport%2C+N+J%3BRo%2C+Y+M%3BGoldstein%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Davenport&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2000-12-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Abstracts in: "Clinical Research", Apr. 1982, American Federation for Clinical Research, 6900 Grove Rd., Thorofare, NJ 08086 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER -